Quantum physics Books

Book SynopsisQuantum theory is the bedrock of contemporary physics and the basis of understanding matter in its tiniest dimensions and the vast universe as a whole. But for many, the theory remains an impenetrable enigma. Now, two physicists seek to remedy this situation by both drawing on their scientific expertise and their talent for communicating science to the general reader. In this lucid, informative book, designed for the curious, they make the seemingly daunting subject of quantum physics accessible, appealing, and exciting. Their story is partly historical, covering the many "Eureka" moments when great scientists-Max Planck, Albert Einstein, Niels Bohr, Werner Heisenberg, Erwin Schrödinger, and others-struggled to come to grips with the bizarre realities that quantum research revealed. Although their findings were indisputably proven in experiments, they were so strange and counterintuitive that Einstein refused to accept quantum theory, despite its great success. The authors explain the many strange and even eerie aspects of quantum reality at the subatomic level, from "particles" that can be many places simultaneously and sometimes act more like waves, to the effect that a human can have on their movements by just observing them! Finally, the authors delve into quantum physics' latest and perhaps most breathtaking offshoots-field theory and string theory. The intricacies and ramifications of these two theories will give the reader much to ponder. In addition, the authors describe the diverse applications of quantum theory in its almost countless forms of modern technology throughout the world. Using eloquent analogies and illustrative examples, this book renders even the most profound reaches of quantum theory understandable and something for us all to savor.

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Book SynopsisTensor network is a fundamental mathematical tool with a huge range of applications in physics, such as condensed matter physics, statistic physics, high energy physics, and quantum information sciences. This open access book aims to explain the tensor network contraction approaches in a systematic way, from the basic definitions to the important applications. This book is also useful to those who apply tensor networks in areas beyond physics, such as machine learning and the big-data analysis. Tensor network originates from the numerical renormalization group approach proposed by K. G. Wilson in 1975. Through a rapid development in the last two decades, tensor network has become a powerful numerical tool that can efficiently simulate a wide range of scientific problems, with particular success in quantum many-body physics. Varieties of tensor network algorithms have been proposed for different problems. However, the connections among different algorithms are not well discussed or reviewed. To fill this gap, this book explains the fundamental concepts and basic ideas that connect and/or unify different strategies of the tensor network contraction algorithms. In addition, some of the recent progresses in dealing with tensor decomposition techniques and quantum simulations are also represented in this book to help the readers to better understand tensor network. This open access book is intended for graduated students, but can also be used as a professional book for researchers in the related fields. To understand most of the contents in the book, only basic knowledge of quantum mechanics and linear algebra is required. In order to fully understand some advanced parts, the reader will need to be familiar with notion of condensed matter physics and quantum information, that however are not necessary to understand the main parts of the book. This book is a good source for non-specialists on quantum physics to understand tensor network algorithms and the related mathematics. Trade Review“This book is particularly suitable for students and researchers who are new in this field. It is a timely book that provides a concise introduction of the important topics in this brand-new field with promising prospects. Furthermore, the book provides an up-to-date brief review, which is well suited as a reference for experience researchers.” (Hong-Hao Tu, zbMATH 1442.81003, 2020)Table of ContentsIntroduction.- Tensor Network: Basic Definitions and Properties.- Two-Dimensional Tensor Networks and Contraction Algorithms.- Tensor Network Approaches for Higher-Dimensional Quantum Lattice Models.- Tensor Network Contraction and Multi-Linear Algebra.- Quantum Entanglement Simulation Inspired by Tensor Network.- Summary.

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Book SynopsisThis book discusses the physical and mathematical foundations of modern quantum mechanics and three realistic quantum theories that John Stuart Bell called "theories without observers" because they do not merely speak about measurements but develop an objective picture of the physical world. These are Bohmian mechanics, the GRW collapse theory, and the Many Worlds theory. The book is ideal to accompany or supplement a lecture course on quantum mechanics, but also suited for self-study, particularly for those who have completed such a course but are left puzzled by the question: "What does the mathematical formalism, which I have so laboriously learned and applied, actually tell us about nature?”Trade Review“The book under review is really fantastic. It is undoubtedly remarkable. … Without a doubt, the present book is fundamentally important. I recommend it not only for researchers working in the field of the foundations of quantum mechanics, but also for physics students.” (Eugene Kryachko, zbMATH 1467.81005, 2021)Table of ContentsSome Mathematical Foundations of Quantum Mechanics.- The Measurement Problem.- Chance in Physics.- Bohmian Mechanics.- Collapse Theory.- The Many-Worlds Theory.- The Measurement Process and Observables.- Weak Measurements of Trajectories.- Hidden Variables.- Nonlocality.- Relativistic Quantum Theory.- Further Food for Thought.- Epilogue.

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Book SynopsisSince the 17th century, physical theories have been expressed in the language of mathematical equations. This introduction to quantum theory uses that language to enable the reader to comprehend the notoriously non-intuitive ideas of quantum physics. The mathematical knowledge needed for using this book comes from standard undergraduate mathematics courses and is described in detail in the section Prerequisites. This text is especially aimed at advanced undergraduate and graduate students of mathematics, computer science, engineering and chemistry among other disciplines, provided they have the math background even though lacking preparation in physics. In fact, no previous formal study of physics is assumed.Trade Review“The target audience is ‘advanced undergraduate mathematics students who had no or only very little prior knowledge of physics’. It would indeed be a rare variety of mathematics advanced undergraduates who would fit this bill. … an interesting supplement for students with a mathematical bent.” (Amitava Raychaudhuri, zbMATH 1458.81002, 2021)Table of ContentsIntroduction to this Path.- Viewpoint.- Neither Particle nor Wave.- Schrödinger's Equation.- Operators and Canonical Quantization.- The Harmonic Oscillator.- Interpreting: Mathematics.- Interpreting: Physics.- The Language of Hilbert Space.- Interpreting: Measurement.- The Hydrogen Atom.- Angular Momentum.- The Rotation Group SO(3).- Spin and SU(2).- Bosons and Fermions.- Classical and Quantum Probability.- The Heisenberg Picture.- Uncertainty (Optional).- Speaking of Quantum Theory (Optional).- Complementarity (Optional).- Axioms (Optional).- And Gravity?.- Measure Theory: A Crash Course.

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Book SynopsisThis book addresses a broad community of physicists, engineers, computer scientists and industry professionals, as well as the general public, who are aware of the unprecedented media hype surrounding the supposedly imminent new era of quantum computing. The central argument of this book is that the feasibility of quantum computing in the physical world is extremely doubtful. The hypothetical quantum computer is not simply a quantum variant of the conventional digital computer, but rather a quantum extension of a classical analog computer operating with continuous parameters. In order to have a useful machine, the number of continuous parameters to control would have to be of such an astronomically large magnitude as to render the endeavor virtually infeasible. This viewpoint is based on the author’s expert understanding of the gargantuan challenges that would have to be overcome to ever make quantum computing a reality. Knowledge of secondary-school-level physics and math will be sufficient for understanding most of the text.Table of ContentsIntroduction.- Brief history of quantum computing, starting with the invention of Shor's algorithm (1994).- Introduction to quantum mechanics for pedestrians.- Electron spin as a qubit.- The main ideas and promises of quantum computing.- Current state of the art.

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Book SynopsisThese three lectures cover a certain aspect of complexity and black holes, namely the relation to the second law of thermodynamics. The first lecture describes the meaning of quantum complexity, the analogy between entropy and complexity, and the second law of complexity. Lecture two reviews the connection between the second law of complexity and the interior of black holes. Prof. L. Susskind discusses how firewalls are related to periods of non-increasing complexity which typically only occur after an exponentially long time. The final lecture is about the thermodynamics of complexity, and “uncomplexity” as a resource for doing computational work. The author explains the remarkable power of “one clean qubit,” in both computational terms and in space-time terms. This book is intended for graduate students and researchers who want to take the first steps towards the mysteries of black holes and their complexity.Table of ContentsLecture I: Hilbert Space is Huge1 Preface2 How Huge?3 Volume of CP(N)4 Relative Complexity5 Dual Role of Unitaries6 Volume of SU(2K)7 Exploring SU(2K)7.1 Relative Complexity of Unitaries7.2 Complexity is Discontinuous8 Graph Theory Perspective8.1 Collisions and Loops9 The Second Law of Quantum Complexity9.1 Hamiltonian EvolutionII Lecture II: Black Holes and the Second Law of Complexity10 Preface11 The Black Hole-Quantum Circuit Correspondence11.1 Two Problems11.2 Circuits and Black Holes12 The Growth of Wormholes12.1 Properties of Growth12.2 Rindler Time and CV13 Exponential Time Breakdown of GR13.1 C=V14 Precursors14.1 The Epidemic Model14.2 Lyapunov and Rindler15 Precursors and Black Holes15.1 Instability of White Holes16 Complexity and Firewalls16.1 Firewalls are Fragile16.2 What Happens After Exponential Time?16.3 The Fragility of Complexity Equilibrium17 Do Typical States have Firewalls?17.1 AdS Black Holes17.2 Evaporating Black HolesLecture III: The Thermodynamics of Complexity18 Preface19 Negentropy20 Uncomplexity20.1 The Auxiliary System20.2 Combining Auxiliary Systems21 Uncomplexity as a Resource22 The Power of One Clean Qubit22.1 The Protocol22.2 Expending Uncomplexity and Negentropy23 Spacetime and Uncomplexity23.1 CA23.2 Geometric Interpretation of UncomplexityConclusion

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Book SynopsisPhotonics is the discipline of electrons and photons working in tandem to create new physics, new devices and new applications. This textbook employs a pedagogical approach that facilitates access to the fundamentals of quantum photonics. Beginning with a review of the quantum properties of photons and electrons, the book then introduces the concept of their non-locality at the quantum level. It presents a determination of electronic band structure using the pseudopotential method, enabling the student to directly compute the band structures of most group IV, group III-V, and group II-VI semiconductors. The book devotes further in-depth discussion of second quantization of the electromagnetic field that describes spontaneous and stimulated emission of photons, quantum entanglement and introduces the topic of quantum cascade lasers, showing how electrons and photons interact in a quantum environment to create a practical photonic device.This extended second edition includes a detailed description of the link between quantum photon states and the macroscopic electric field. It describes the particle qualities of quantum electrons via their unique operator algebra and distinguishable behavior from photons, and employs these fundamentals to describe the quantum point contact, which is the quantum analogue of a transistor and the basic building block of all nanoscopic circuits, such as electron interferometers.Pearsall’s Quantum Photonics is supported by numerous numerical calculations that can be repeated by the reader, and every chapter features a reference list of state-of-the art research and a set of exercises. This textbook is an essential part of any graduate-level course dealing with the theory of nanophotonic devices or computational physics of solid-state quantum devices based on nanoscopic structures.Table of ContentsIntroduction.- Electrons.- Photons.- Free Electron Behaviour in Semiconductor Heterostructures.- Electronic Energy Levels in Crystalline Semiconductors.- The Harmonic Oscillator and Quantization of Electromagnetic Fields.- Entanglement and Non-locality of Quantum Photonics.- Lasers.- Quantum Cascade Lasers - a Concerto for Quantum Photonics.- Nonlinear Optics: Second-Harmonic Generation and Parametric Oscillation.- Coherent States – From Single Photons to Beams of Light.- Quantum Fermions.- Single Electron Building Blocks for Quantum Electron Circuits.

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Book SynopsisThe book gives a streamlined introduction to quantum mechanics while describing the basic mathematical structures underpinning this discipline.Starting with an overview of key physical experiments illustrating the origin of the physical foundations, the book proceeds with a description of the basic notions of quantum mechanics and their mathematical content.It then makes its way to topics of current interest, specifically those in which mathematics plays an important role. The more advanced topics presented include: many-body systems, modern perturbation theory, path integrals, the theory of resonances, adiabatic theory, geometrical phases, Aharonov-Bohm effect, density functional theory, open systems, the theory of radiation (non-relativistic quantum electrodynamics), and the renormalization group. With different selections of chapters, the book can serve as a text for an introductory, intermediate, or advanced course in quantum mechanics. Some of the sections could be used for introductions to geometrical methods in Quantum Mechanics, to quantum information theory and to quantum electrodynamics and quantum field theory.Table of Contents1 Physical Background.- 2 Dynamics.- 3 Observables.- 4 Quantization.- 5 Uncertainty Principle and Stability of Atoms and Molecules.- 6 Spectrum and Dynamics.- 7 Special Cases.- 8 Bound States and Variational Principle.- 9 Scattering States.- Existence of Atoms and Molecules.- 11 Perturbation Theory: Feshbach-Schur Method.- 12 Born-Oppenheimer Approximation and Adiabatic Dynamics.- 13 General Theory of Many-particle Systems.- 14 Self-consistent Approximations.- 15 The Feynman Path Integral.- 16 Semi-classical Analysis.- 17 Resonances.- 18 Quantum Statistics.- 19 Open Quantum Systems.- 20 The Second Quantization.- 21 Quantum Electro-Magnetic Field – Photons.- 22 Standard Model of Non-relativistic Matter and Radiation.- 23 Theory of Radiation.- 24 Renormalization Group.- 25 Mathematical Supplement: Spectral Analysis.- 26 Mathematical Supplement: The Calculus of Variations.- 27 Comments on Literature, and Further Reading.- References.- Index.

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Book SynopsisThis open access book makes quantum computing more accessible than ever before. A fast-growing field at the intersection of physics and computer science, quantum computing promises to have revolutionary capabilities far surpassing “classical” computation. Getting a grip on the science behind the hype can be tough: at its heart lies quantum mechanics, whose enigmatic concepts can be imposing for the novice. This classroom-tested textbook uses simple language, minimal math, and plenty of examples to explain the three key principles behind quantum computers: superposition, quantum measurement, and entanglement. It then goes on to explain how this quantum world opens up a whole new paradigm of computing. The book bridges the gap between popular science articles and advanced textbooks by making key ideas accessible with just high school physics as a prerequisite. Each unit is broken down into sections labelled by difficulty level, allowing the course to be tailored to the student’s experience of math and abstract reasoning. Problem sets and simulation-based labs of various levels reinforce the concepts described in the text and give the reader hands-on experience running quantum programs. This book can thus be used at the high school level after the AP or IB exams, in an extracurricular club, or as an independent project resource to give students a taste of what quantum computing is really about. At the college level, it can be used as a supplementary text to enhance a variety of courses in science and computing, or as a self-study guide for students who want to get ahead. Additionally, readers in business, finance, or industry will find it a quick and useful primer on the science behind computing’s future. Table of ContentsContents.- 1 Introduction to Superposition.- 2 What is a Qubit?.- 3 Creating Superposition: The Beam Splitter.- 4 Creating Superposition: Stern-Gerlach.- 5 Quantum Cryptography.- 6 Quantum Gates.- 7 Entanglement.- 8 Quantum Teleportation.- 9 Quantum Algorithms.- 10 Worksheets.- Appendices.- Alphabetical Index.- Acknowledgments.- Answers.

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Book SynopsisThis introductory book on quantum computing includes an emphasis on the development of algorithms. Appropriate for both university students as well as software developers interested in programming a quantum computer, this practical approach to modern quantum computing takes the reader through the required background and up to the latest developments. Beginning with introductory chapters on the required math and quantum mechanics, Fundamentals of Quantum Computing proceeds to describe four leading qubit modalities and explains the core principles of quantum computing in detail. Providing a step-by-step derivation of math and source code, some of the well-known quantum algorithms are explained in simple ways so the reader can try them either on IBM Q or Microsoft QDK. The book also includes a chapter on adiabatic quantum computing and modern concepts such as topological quantum computing and surface codes.Features:o Foundational chapters that build the necessary background on math and quantum mechanics.o Examples and illustrations throughout provide a practical approach to quantum programming with end-of-chapter exercises.o Detailed treatment on four leading qubit modalities -- trapped-ion, superconducting transmons, topological qubits, and quantum dots -- teaches how qubits work so that readers can understand how quantum computers work under the hood and devise efficient algorithms and error correction codes. Also introduces protected qubits - 0-π qubits, fluxon parity protected qubits, and charge-parity protected qubits. o Principles of quantum computing, such as quantum superposition principle, quantum entanglement, quantum teleportation, no-cloning theorem, quantum parallelism, and quantum interference are explained in detail. A dedicated chapter on quantum algorithm explores both oracle-based, and Quantum Fourier Transform-based algorithms in detail with step-by-step math and working code that runs on IBM QisKit and Microsoft QDK. Topics on EPR Paradox, Quantum Key Distribution protocols, Density Matrix formalism, and Stabilizer formalism are intriguing. While focusing on the universal gate model of quantum computing, this book also introduces adiabatic quantum computing and quantum annealing.This book includes a section on fault-tolerant quantum computing to make the discussions complete. The topics on Quantum Error Correction, Surface codes such as Toric code and Planar code, and protected qubits help explain how fault tolerance can be built at the system level.Trade Review“The book represents a new and fresh approach to quantum computing, starting with theoretical physical knowledge that is highlighted by beautiful figures. Then, quantum computing is explained by quantum programing languages and extensive languages. It is recommended to everyone interested in quantum computing. It is easy to follow through a beautiful and clear presentation, programming examples and additional exercises.” (Andreas Wichert, zbMATH 1477.68005, 2022)Table of ContentsPART ONE 1 Foundations of Quantum Mechanics 1.1 Matter 1.2 Atoms, Elementary Particles, and Molecules 1.3 Light and Quantization of Energy 1.4 Electron Configuration 1.5 Wave-Particle Duality and Probabilistic Nature 1.6 Wavefunctions and Probability Amplitudes 1.7 Some exotic states of matter 1.8 Summary 1.9 Practice Problems 1.10 References and further reading 2 Dirac’s bra-ket notation and Hermitian Operators2.1 Scalars 2.2 Complex Numbers 2.3 Vectors 2.4 Matrices 2.5 Linear Vector Spaces 2.6 Using Dirac’s bra-ket notation 2.7 Expectation Values and Variances2.8 Eigenstates, Eigenvalues and Eigenfunctions2.9 Characteristic Polynomial 2.10 Definite Symmetric Matrices 2.11 Tensors2.12 Statistics and Probability2.13 Summary 2.14 Practice problems2.15 References and further reading3 The Quantum Superposition Principle and Bloch Sphere Representation3.1 Euclidian Space3.2 Metric Space3.3 Hilbert space.3.4 Schrodinger Equation3.5 Postulates of Quantum Mechanics3.6 Quantum Tunneling3.7 Stern and Gerlach Experiment3.8 Bloch sphere representation3.9 Projective Measurements3.10 Qudits3.11 Summary3.12 Practice Problems3.13 References and further readingPART TWO4 Qubit Modalities4.1 The vocabulary of quantum computing4.2 Classical Computers – a recap 4.3 Qubits and usability4.4 Noisy Intermediate Scale Quantum Technology4.5 Qubit Metrics4.6 Leading Qubit Modalities4.7 A note on the dilution refrigerator4.8 Summary4.9 Practice Problems4.10 References and further reading5 Quantum Circuits and DiVincenzo Criteria5.1 Setting up the development environment5.2 Learning Quantum Programming Languages 5.3 Introducing Quantum Circuits 5.4 Quantum Gates 5.5 The Compute Stage5.6 Quantum Entanglement5.7 No-Cloning theorem5.8 Quantum Teleportation5.9 Superdense coding5.10 Greenberger–Horne–Zeilinger state (GHZ state)5.11 Walsh-Hadamard Transform5.12 Quantum Interference5.13 Phase kickback5.14 DiVincenzo’s criteria for quantum computation5.15 Summary 5.16 Practice Problems5.17 References and further reading6 Quantum Communications6.1 EPR Paradox6.2 Density Matrix Formalism6.3 Von Neumann Entropy6.4 Photons6.5 Quantum Communication6.6 The Quantum Channel6.7 Quantum Communication Protocols6.8 RSA Security6.9 Summary6.10 Practice Problems6.11 References and further reading7 Quantum Algorithms7.1 Quantum Ripple Adder Circuit7.2 Quantum Fourier Transformation7.3 Deutsch-Jozsa oracle7.4 The Bernstein-Vazirani Oracle7.5 Simon’s algorithm7.6 Quantum arithmetic using QFT7.7 Modular exponentiation7.8 Grover’s search algorithm 7.9 Shor’s algorithm7.10 A quantum algorithm for k-means7.11 Quantum Phase Estimation (QPE)7.12 HHL algorithm for solving linear equations7.13 Quantum Complexity Theory7.14 Summary 7.15 Practice Problems7.16 References and further reading8 Adiabatic Optimization and Quantum Annealing8.1 Adiabatic evolution8.2 Proof of the Adiabatic Theorem8.3 Adiabatic optimization8.4 Quantum Annealing8.5 Summary8.6 Practice Problems8.7 References and further reading9 Quantum Error Correction9.1 Classical Error Correction9.2 Quantum Error Codes9.3 Stabilizer formalism9.4 The path forward – fault-tolerant quantum computing9.5 Surface codes9.6 Protected qubits9.7 Practice Problems9.8 References and further reading10 Conclusion10.1 How many qubits do we need?10.2 Classical simulation10.3 Backends today10.4 Future state10.5 References

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Book SynopsisThis textbook provides an introduction to string field theory (SFT). String theory is usually formulated in the worldsheet formalism, which describes a single string (first-quantization). While this approach is intuitive and could be pushed far due to the exceptional properties of two-dimensional theories, it becomes cumbersome for some questions or even fails at a more fundamental level. These motivations have led to the development of SFT, a description of string theory using the field theory formalism (second-quantization). As a field theory, SFT provides a rigorous and constructive formulation of string theory. The main focus of the book is the construction of the closed bosonic SFT. The accent is put on providing the reader with the foundations, conceptual understanding and intuition of what SFT is. After reading this book, the reader is able to study the applications from the literature. The book is organized in two parts. The first part reviews the notions of the worldsheet theory that are necessary to build SFT (worldsheet path integral, CFT and BRST quantization). The second part starts by introducing general concepts of SFT from the BRST quantization. Then, it introduces off-shell string amplitudes before providing a Feynman diagrams interpretation from which the building blocks of SFT are extracted. After constructing the closed SFT, the author outlines the proofs of several important properties such as background independence, unitarity and crossing symmetry. Finally, the generalization to the superstring is also discussed.Trade Review“The book under review offers a comprehensive self-contained description of string field theory (SFT) and the tools necessary to build it. … For each chapter the author has collected the most relevant references. This, together with various examples, figures, remarks and, especially, a suitable amount of details, has produced a compulsively readable textbook quite useful for students and newcomers. … The last version of the draft of the book can be accessed on the author's professional web page.” (Farhang Loran, Mathematical Reviews, April, 2022)Table of ContentsIntroduction.- Worldsheet path integral: vacuum amplitudes.- Worldsheet path integral: scattering amplitudes.- Worldsheet path integral: complex coordinates.- Conformal field theory in D dimensions.- Conformal field theory on the plane.- CFT systems.- BRST quantization.- String field.- Free BRST string field theory.- Introduction to off-shell string theory.- Geometry of moduli spaces and Riemann surfaces.- Off-shell amplitudes.-Amplitude factorization and Feynman diagrams.- Closed string field theory.- Background independence.- Superstring.- Momentum-space SFT.

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Book SynopsisThis book provides the first graduate-level, self-contained introduction to recent developments that lead to the formulation of the configuration-interaction approach for open quantum systems, the Gamow shell model, which provides a unitary description of quantum many-body system in different regimes of binding, and enables the unification in the description of nuclear structure and reactions. The Gamow shell model extends and generalizes the phenomenologically successful nuclear shell model to the domain of weakly-bound near-threshold states and resonances, offering a systematic tool to understand and categorize data on nuclear spectra, moments, collective excitations, particle and electromagnetic decays, clustering, elastic and inelastic scattering cross sections, and radiative capture cross sections of interest to astrophysics. The approach is of interest beyond nuclear physics and based on general properties of quasi-stationary solutions of the Schrödinger equation – so-called Gamow states. For the benefit of graduate students and newcomers to the field, the quantum-mechanical fundamentals are introduced in some detail. The text also provides a historical overview of how the field has evolved from the early days of the nuclear shell model to recent experimental developments, in both nuclear physics and related fields, supporting the unified description. The text contains many worked examples and several numerical codes are introduced to allow the reader to test different aspects of the continuum shell model discussed in the book.Table of ContentsIntroduction.- The Discrete Spectrum and the Continuum.- One- and Two-Particle Systems.- Shell Model in Berggren Basis.- No-Core Gamow Shell Model.- Unification of Nuclear Structure and Nuclear Reactions.- Collective Phenomena.- Conclusions and Open Problems.

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Book SynopsisThis textbook introduces the non-specialist reader to the concepts of quantum key distribution and presents an overview of state-of-the-art quantum communication protocols and applications. The field of quantum cryptography has advanced rapidly in the previous years, not least because with the age of quantum computing drawing closer, traditional encryption methods are at risk.The textbook presents the necessary mathematical tools without assuming much background, making it accessible to readers without experience in quantum information theory. In particular, the topic of classical and quantum entropies is presented in great detail. Furthermore, the author discusses the different types of quantum key distribution protocols and explains several tools for proving the security of these protocols. In addition, a number of applications of quantum key distribution are discussed, demonstrating its value to state-of-the-art cryptography and communication. This book leads the reader through the mathematical background with a variety of worked-out examples and exercises. It is primarily targeted at graduate students and advanced undergraduates in theoretical physics. The presented material is largely self-contained and only basic knowledge in quantum mechanics and linear algebra is required.Table of Contents

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Book SynopsisThis book focuses on the Symmetric Informationally Complete quantum measurements (SICs) in dimensions 2 and 3, along with one set of SICs in dimension 8. These objects stand out in ways that have earned them the moniker of "sporadic SICs". By some standards, they are more approachable than the other known SICs, while by others they are simply atypical. The author forays into quantum information theory using them as examples, and the author explores their connections with other exceptional objects like the Leech lattice and integral octonions. The sporadic SICs take readers from the classification of finite simple groups to Bell's theorem and the discovery that "hidden variables" cannot explain away quantum uncertainty.While no one department teaches every subject to which the sporadic SICs pertain, the topic is approachable without too much background knowledge. The book includes exercises suitable for an elective at the graduate or advanced undergraduate level.Table of ContentsEquiangular Lines.- Sporadic SICs and the Exceptional Lie Algebras.- The Hoggar-type SICs.-SICs as Equicoherent Quantum States.- SICs and Bell Inequalities.

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Book SynopsisThe book has been designed as a textbook for graduate and postgraduate students of physics, material science, and engineering. This is the third edition of the textbook, that is updated to reflect recent works in the field. In this edition, some new topics have been introduced while some of the existing topics like phonons, Drude –Lorentz model, Fermi levels, electrons, and holes, etc. are modified. Moreover, the book has complete information on semiconductor devices like tunnel diode, Gunn diode, photodiode, photoconductive diode, varactor diode, solar cell, LED, semiconductor lasers, and semiconductor detectors. All the chapters have been supplemented by solved and unsolved examples. Some of the chapters illustrate areas of current interest in solid-state physics to give the student practical working knowledge of the subject text in a simple and lucid manner. There is a fair amount of detail in the examples and derivations given in the text. Each section of the book has exercises to reinforce the concepts, and problems have been added at the end of each chapter. The detailed coverage and pedagogical tools make this an ideal textbook for students and researchers enrolled in graduate and postgraduate courses of physics, material science, and engineering.Table of ContentsCrystal Structure.- Chemical Bonding in Solids.- Defects in Solids.- Elecments of Quantum Mechanics.- X-Ray Diffraction.- Lattice Vibrations.- Thermal Properties of Solids.- Free Electron Theory of Metals.- Band Theory.- Semiconductors.- Dielectric Properties of Solids.- Magnetic Properties of Matter.- Magnetic Resonance.- Superconductivity.- Nanomaterials.- Optical Properties.- Semiconductor Devices.

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Book SynopsisThis book presents a complementary perspective to Schrödinger theory of electrons in an electromagnetic field, one that does not appear in any text on quantum mechanics. The perspective, derived from Schrödinger theory, is that of the individual electron in the sea of electrons via its temporal and stationary-state equations of motion – the ‘Quantal Newtonian’ Second and First Laws. The Laws are in terms of ‘classical’ fields experienced by each electron, the sources of the fields being quantum-mechanical expectation values of Hermitian operators taken with respect to the wave function. Each electron experiences the external field, and internal fields representative of properties of the system, and a field descriptive of its response. The energies are obtained in terms of the fields. The ‘Quantal Newtonian’ Laws lead to physical insights, and new properties of the electronic system are revealed. New mathematical understandings of Schrödinger theory emerge which show the equation to be intrinsically self-consistent. Another complimentary perspective to Schrödinger theory is its manifestation as a local effective potential theory described via Quantal Density Functional theory. This description too is in terms of ‘classical’ fields and quantal sources. The theory provides a rigorous physical explanation of the mapping from the interacting system to the local potential theory equivalent. The complementary perspective to stationary ground state Schrödinger theory founded in the theorems of Hohenberg and Kohn, their extension to the presence of a magnetic field and to the temporal domain – Modern Density Functional Theory -- is also described. The new perspectives are elucidated by application to analytically solvable interacting systems. These solutions and other relevant wave function properties are derived.Table of ContentsIntroduction.- Schrödinger Theory of Electrons: A Complementary Perspective.- Generalization of the Schrödinger Theory of Electrons.- Schrödinger-Pauli Theory of Electrons: A Complementary Perspective.

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Book SynopsisThis textbook on Feynman integrals starts from the basics, requiring only knowledge of special relativity and undergraduate mathematics. Feynman integrals are indispensable for precision calculations in quantum field theory. At the same time, they are also fascinating from a mathematical point of view. Topics from quantum field theory and advanced mathematics are introduced as needed. The book covers modern developments in the field of Feynman integrals. Topics included are: representations of Feynman integrals, integration-by-parts, differential equations, intersection theory, multiple polylogarithms, Gelfand-Kapranov-Zelevinsky systems, coactions and symbols, cluster algebras, elliptic Feynman integrals, and motives associated with Feynman integrals. This volume is aimed at a) students at the master's level in physics or mathematics, b) physicists who want to learn how to calculate Feynman integrals (for whom state-of-the-art techniques and computations are provided), and c) mathematicians who are interested in the mathematical aspects underlying Feynman integrals. It is, indeed, the interwoven nature of their physical and mathematical aspects that make Feynman integrals so enthralling.Trade Review“This book provides a detailed and up-to-date introduction to Feynman integrals … . The book is written in a very didactic way. … the book gives an excellent introduction to the field of Feynman integrals at the level of a master's/starting Ph.D. student … . The structure of the book and the fact that it contains many exercises make it a very useful resource for a course on this topic.” (Samuel Abreu, Mathematical Reviews, December, 2023)Table of ContentsThe file is attached

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Book SynopsisEinstein's Theory of AtomRadiation Interaction.- AtomField Interaction: Semiclassical Approach.- States of the Electromagnetic Field I.- States of the Electromagnetic Field II.- Quantum Theory of Coherence.- Phase Space Description.- AtomField Interaction.- SystemReservoir Interactions.- Resonance Fluorescence.- Quantum Laser Theory: Master Equation Approach.- Quantum Laser Theory: Langevin Approach.- Quantum Noise Reduction 1.- Quantum Noise Reduction 2.- Quantum Phase.- Quantum Trajectories.- Atom Optics.- Measurements, Quantum Limits and All That.- Weak Measurements.- Trapped Ions.- Decoherence.- Quantum Bits, Entanglement and Applications.- Quantum Correlations.- Quantum Cloning and Processing.- Complementarity.

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Book SynopsisPhysical theories, fundamental constants and the role of Mathematics.- Analytical Mechanics.- Dirac's delta.- Green's functions for Electromagnetism.- Equilibrium Thermodynamics.- Classical Statistical Mechanics.- Relativity.- Particles and waves from classical to Quantum Mechanics.- Schroedinger equation.- Elementary solutions in one dimension.- Postulates and formulations of Quantum Mechanics.- Separation of variables.- Angular momentumHydrogen atom.- Discrete models.- Fano resonances and Green's functions.- Spin.- Quantum statistics and many-body phenomena.- Non-equilibrium phenomena and quantum transport.- Berry Phase.- Quantum Statistical Mechanics.- Entanglement, EPR paradox. Teleportation.- Perturbation theory.- Variational method in Quantum Mechanics.- Recursion methods.- Mathematical appendices: Tensors - Hermite and Laguerre Polynomials.

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Book SynopsisQuantum confusion: Foundations are in risky disarray.- A few interpretations.- The classical (non-quantized) electromagnetic field.- There are no particles, there are only quantized fields.- The fundamental theory: relativistic quantum fields.- Quantum randomness.- Quanta and their states.- More about superpositions.- Entanglement, nonlocality, and special relativity.- The detection problem.- Conclusions.

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Book SynopsisChapter 1: Introduction.- Chapter 2: Fundamentals of Quantum Information Theory.- Chapter 3: Quantum Key Distribution.- Chapter 4: Quantum Secret Sharing.- Chapter 5: Quantum Direct Communication.- Chapter 6: Quantum Key Agreement.- Chapter 7: Quantum Private Query.- Chapter 8: Quantum Network Coding.

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Book SynopsisIntroduction.- Bose Einstein condensation.- Knowns and unknowns of the interacting Bose gas.- Definition of the Simplified approach.- Existence and uniqueness of solutions of the Simple Equation.- Predictions of the Simple Equation.- Numerical computation of the solution to the Big and Medium equations.- Open problems.

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Book SynopsisChapter 1. Introduction.- Chapter 2. The Basic Concept of Quantum Information.- Chapter 3. Bidirectional Quantum Teleportation.- Chapter 4. Controlled Bidirectional Quantum Teleportation.- Chapter 5. Cyclic Quantum Teleportation.- Chapter 6. Quantum Teleportation in Noisy Environment.

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Book SynopsisBasic concepts of classical logic.- Elements of quantum mechanics.- Quantum mechanics as computation.- Universal computers and computational complexity.- The Quantum Fourier Transform and the factoring algorithm.- The quantum search algorithm.- Quantum operations.- Basics of quantum error correction.- Two-level systems and basics of QED.-Quantum computation with trapped ions.- Superconducting qubits charge and transmon qubit.- Quantum computation and adiabatic evolution.

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Book SynopsisQuantisation of the Electromagnetic Field.- Quantum Theory of Optical Coherence.- Representations of the Electromagnetic Field.- Quantum Dynamics in Simple Nonlinear Optical Systems.- Open Quantum Systems.- Classical and Quantum Langevin Equations.- Quantum Measurement.- Nonlinear Quantum Dissipative Systems.- Interaction of Radiation with Atoms.- Quantum Theory of the Laser.- Quantum Optics at Microwave Frequencies.- Ion Traps.- Quantum Optics and Quantum Foundations.- Quantum Optical Communication.- Quantum Optical Computation.- Quantum Optical Sensors.

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Book SynopsisChapter 1: Quantized electron field.- Chapter 2: Hartree-Fock approximation.- Chapter 3: Coupled cluster method.- Chapter 4: Further developments.

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Book SynopsisChapter 1. Introduction.- Chapter 2. Theoretical basis.- Chapter 3. Construction of a framework for high fidelity entangled quantum teleportation channel.- Chapter 4. Quantum information splitting of Bell states and arbitrary states in different channels.- Chapter 5. Controllable multiple degree of freedom quantum teleportation protocol for immune noise.- Chapter 6. Application of fault-tolerant quantum teleportation in noisy channel.- Chapter 7. Summary and Outlook.

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Book SynopsisPreliminary: Hilbert Space and Linear Operators.- Review: Bipartite Entanglement.- Breakthrough: Multipartite Entanglement.- Geometric Journey: Multipartite Entanglement.- Concluding Remarks.

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Book SynopsisIntroduction.- Fundamentals of topological and moir´e Dirac matter.- Methodology review.- Moir´e physics in collapsed carbon nanotubes.- Robustness of topological crystalline insulator SnTe.- Fragile topology in threefold-symmetric systems.- Conclusions.

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