Public health and preventive medicine Books

Book SynopsisIn this Public Health Yearbook 2015 we will touch upon several public health topics having in mind the fight against Ebola in West Africa. Public health efforts can only be successful if attention is paid to the interconnectedness between the population''s perception of the disease, their cultural practices relating to death, dying, and the treatment of corpses, their ecosystem (including their food culture, garbage disposal, and overall sanitation culture), their socialisation methods, and their cultural practices and perceptions of isolation and human security. It is essential for governments to provide essential information relating to the nature of the disease and the risks associated with it as well as create awareness through culturally congruent education and sensitisation methods. West African governments must engage with community members and learn about their perceptions of the disease and of their own safety. Public health providers must also learn about and utilise control and prevention strategies that are community-based. We hope this Yearbook and the research will be of interest to our readers.

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Book SynopsisThis book provides significant health statistics through reports from federal agencies. The statistics discussed include updates on previously reported estimates for strategies used by U.S. adults aged 18 and over to reduce their prescription drug costs; regional variation in use of complementary health approached by U.S. adults; health care access and utilisation among adults, by race and Hispanic origin; characteristics of hospital stays for super-utilisers by payer; trends in hospital readmissions; hospitalisations for patients aged 85 and over; prevalence of obesity among adults, children and adolescents; sexual activity, contraceptive use, and childbearing of teenagers; serious psychological distress among adults; racial and ethnic disparities in men''s use of mental health treatments; and the leading cause of death contributing to decrease in life expectancy gap between black and white populations.

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Book SynopsisPublic health is the science and art of preventing disease, prolonging life and promoting health through the organised efforts and informed choices of society, organizations (public and private), communities and individuals. The mission of public health is the fulfillment of society''s interest in assuring the conditions which make people healthy. In the twentieth century, one of the improvements in public health has been an increased life expectancy in the developed world. However, we have also seen other achievements in the provision of vaccinations, motor-vehicle safety, safer workplaces, control of infectious diseases, decline in deaths from coronary heart disease and stroke, safer and healthier foods, healthier mothers and babies, and family planning and fluoridation of drinking water. There has been some positive trends in recent years in developed countries, such as less smoking, more physical activity and better vaccination status. Still, drinking, obesity, violent crime and lack of health insurance are some challenging areas in public health. We need to apply what we have learned and know now in order to reduce health inequality in our nations in the future. We also need to use advanced technology to improve health and address new health issues as they emerge over time; it is imperative that people are ready to intervene and minimize adverse effects of new diseases at all times.

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Book SynopsisThis book is an attempt to tackle some of the key global health challenges with a focus on the leading, emerging countries and mature free-market economies facing similar issues. It consists of seven chapters written by well-recognized scholars in the field affiliated to academia, pharmaceutical industry and hospital sectors based in Japan, USA, China, Germany, Netherlands, Switzerland, Ireland, Serbia, Bulgaria, Poland and Albania. The contributors had diverse expert profiles in health economics, clinical medicine, public health and population aging. Regional health care issues were processed and referred to the BRICS and N-11 nations, North American region, Far East Asia, Western and Eastern Europe. Some of the difficulties of contemporary health systems tackled in certain chapters were: population aging, health spending, insurance coverage, health technology assessment, costs of pharmaceutical development, neurological disorder and diabetes economics, public health legislation and caregiver assessment in a traditional Asian setting. All of the aforementioned research might give a dynamic impetus and expand a mental horizon to the professionals dealing with these issues. We believe that this book deserves a broad global audience consisting of health care professionals, policy makers, health economists, clinical physicians and lay persons eager to expand their knowledge in the field. Our attitude is based on the worldwide academic recognition of the listed contributors. The degree of success of these ambitiously targeted efforts will be assessed by our esteemed audience in years to come.

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Book SynopsisA variety of topics are presented in this book that seek to reflect on medical history before and after the golden age of the Medical Renaissance. These topics include newborn care, the story of adolescence, behavioral pediatrics, psychopharmacology, substance abuse, psychodermatology, specific organ systems (the kidney and the heart in pediatrics), and other motifs. Reflections on adolescence are provided based on society''s classic disdain and envy of its youth, which is seen throughout the ages of human life. In this book, we include a variety of scholars who stood on the shoulders of giants and made giant leaps in medicine of their own. In each century since the Medial Renaissance, these giants advanced the field of medicine into what we have as today''s standard medical care, and perhaps we can learn what it will be like in the future. These esteemed experts learned from the past, made mistakes, exhibited amazing courage, and faced scientific -- and sometimes -- sacerdotal criticism. Their courage was amazing, as many were confronted with minacious, inauspicious, portentous, and unpropitious attacks against their ethics and accomplishments. However, they persisted and were able to develop verifiable data that others could independently substantiate and sometimes improve upon for the benefit of all humans.

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Book SynopsisBeing physically active is one of the most important steps that Americans of all ages can take to improve their health. But only half of adults and about a quarter of high school students get the amount of physical activity recommended in national guidelines. This book aims to get Americans walking and wheelchair rolling for the physical activity needed to help prevent and reduce their risk of chronic diseases and premature death. The book also assists residents, parents, community association members, and others in getting involved in making communities safer for pedestrians. The book includes facts, ideas, and resources to help residents learn about traffic problems that affect pedestrians and find ways to help address these problems and promote pedestrian safety. The book includes information on identifying problems, taking action to address pedestrian concerns, finding solutions to improve pedestrian safety, and resources to get additional information.

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Book SynopsisThe health communication strategies presented in this book are based on the understanding that there are many factors underpinning health. Starting from a framework of addressing health at an individual, group, and structural level, we need to realize the impact of globalization and social determinants on health. Health literacy and media literacy are necessary for health communicators and stakeholders to communicate effectively about/on health. Knowledge and skills in media technology, especially new media, new developments in the Internet and mobile devices are important. In addition, intercultural communication is essential to understand and collaborate with others. Health communication needs collaboration from all sectors in society. The health communication promoted in this book is based on a participatory model based within the multiplicity paradigm. Strategies suggested in this book are practical examples to encourage the reader to design his/her own strategies to serve a particular community. Before one can devise a strategy for health promotion and disease prevention, one needs to understand that a top-down communication approach cannot change nor sustain peoples health behaviors. On the contrary, one needs to create an enabling environment or a context that supports an individuals decision to change their behavior. How to achieve sustainability in health or health for all is ultimately what this book is about. In nine chapters, the reader is introduced to the history and discourses of health communication and sustainable development; the first part provides the reader with an in-depth overview of the many health communication theories, set in the context of globalization and localization and assessed from both anthropological and sociological perspectives. In the second part of the book, chapters systematically explain communication for/about health for sustainable development in general, as well as regarding old and new traditional and digital media in particular. The concluding chapters present the principles and applications of health communication strategies for sustainability. Sustainability in health can only be achieved once health equality is a reality.

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Book SynopsisBook & CD-ROM. A community health worker (CHW) is a frontline public health worker who, as a member of the community, has the potential to deliver cost-effective, high quality, and culturally competent health services within team-based care models. This book reviews select health services research findings on community health worker utilisation that are relevant to U.S. policymakers and considers the key challenges to fully realiaing the potential for CHWs to improve health care delivery. This book is accompanied by a CD-ROM which includes appendices A through E for Chapter Two, Outcomes of Community Health Worker Interventions.

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Book SynopsisThe World Health Organization projects climate change will adversely affect health significantly over the next several decades. Some health effects of climate change are already being felt in the United States, according to assessments by the National Research Council, U.S. Global Change Research Program (USGCRP), and others. Since the federal government is the nations largest purchaser of health care services, federal health care expenditures could increase in future years due to climate-related impacts. This book addresses federal activities to enhance understanding about the risks climate change poses to public health; federal resources used by selected states and localities to address these risks; and challenges states and localities face and actions federal agencies could take to mitigate them. This book also provides a suggested sequence of steps that health departments can undertake to assess such health vulnerabilities associated with climate change.

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Book SynopsisMeasles is a disease of public health importance that is associated with high mortality and morbidity, particularly in developing countries. In recent years, widespread application of the measles vaccine among children has led to a decline in the morbidity and mortality attributed to measles. In the city of Gweru in Zimbabwe, research was carried on the epidemiology and control of measles. Due to these studies, a seven year multiple dose measles vaccination intervention was carried out in Gweru from 1990-1996. The results of this intervention played a significant role in the debate that led to the adoption of the WHO/UNICEF current policy to use multiple dose measles vaccination strategies to control measles in developing countries. One of the critical lessons that has arisen from the Gweru city measles operational research effort has been that fairly low cost, simple research makes a great difference in providing insight into the epidemiology and control of endemic disease conditions locally.

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Book SynopsisThis book outlays the possible influence of some important aspects of human migration and social mobility on the biological characters of human populations, including their health and well-being. It contains ten contributions from different researchers working in this area of research. The first chapter, written by Budnik and Henneberg, demonstrates the effect of social class and mobility on morphological characters of body size like height and body mass index (BMI) in a historical population of Poland. In Chapter Two, Chakraborty et al. shows that the migration of disadvantaged people to an adverse environment in an early period of growth and development may increase health risk in adulthood compared to those after completion of major physical growth period, or even compared to those who are born into that adverse environment. Chapter Three (by J. R. Ghosh) reveals the influence of educational and occupational positions on clinical hypertension among adult males from the eastern part of India. In the fourth chapter of this volume, S. Ghosh et al. attempts to find out the relationship between the socio-economic status of family and growth on height and weight demographics in school children aged 5-12 from Kolkata, India. Godina et al. in Chapter Five delineates the differences in various anthropometrical measurements in children and adolescents aged 7 to 17 years across different types of schools, representing different social strata in Moscow. Chapter Six by Kaczmarek discusses the implications of rural to urban migration and its impact on womens health status in Poland. The next chapter by Krzyżanowska and C G Nicholas Mascie-Taylor discusses the impact of regional migration and social mobility on variation in adult height, weight and Body Mass Index, which is evidenced from a British cohort study. In Chapter Eight, Gomula and Koziel highlight from a study in Poland the effect of social mobility of fathers on maturity, measured by the age at menarche in their daughters. In the next chapter, Missoni and arac review dietary and lifestyle characteristics in the Eastern Adriatic Islands of Croatia in the backdrop of recent economic transition, urbanisation and migration. The tenth chapter contributed by Singh and Kirchengast compares demographic health related characteristics and reproductive behaviours between Punjabi women residing in Punjab and in Vienna, Austria. This book will be useful for researchers dealing with biological implications of human mobility. It may be of particular interest to human biologists, biological anthropologists, epidemiologists, demographers, economists and other researchers dealing with biological implications of human mobility.

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Book SynopsisThis edited volume presents recent updates in the fields of health and disease. Chapter One explores the role of nutrition in diseases of the musculoskeletal system. Chapter Two includes updated information about the role electrotherapy can play in physical therapy. Chapter Three discusses the immune factors regulating nasopharyngeal colonisation and their role in otitis media, or inflammation of the middle ear. Chapter Four carries out a review of the evaluation and treatment of physiotherapy in children with autism spectrum disorders, focusing on a clinical case of a 4-year-old girl diagnosed with autism who presented a pattern of toe walking. Lastly, Chapter Five examines two intervention programs, ecologically-based family therapy and community reinforcement approach, focusing on reducing substance use and abuse among homeless adolescents.Table of ContentsPreface; Nutrition in Disease of Musculoskeletal System; The Effectiveness of Electrotherapy in Physical Therapy; Otitis Media: Immunosuppressive and Pro-Inflammatory Lymphocytes Strike a Balance Between Bacterial Colonization and Mucosal Inflammation; Toe Walking Gait and Physiotherapy in Autism Spectrum Disorders; Ecologically-Based Family Therapy and Community Reinforcement Approach Interventions Addressing Substance Use among Homeless Adolescents: A Systematic Review of the Literature; Index.

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Book SynopsisThis edited volume presents recent updates in the fields of health and disease. Chapter One studies Noroviruses are known as causative agents of sporadic infections and epidemic outbreaks of acute gastroenteritis in humans. Chapter Two presents the harmful effects of fluoride intake, fluorosis induction, and provides relevant information about oxidative stress caused by fluoride both in in vivo and in vitro studies. Chapter Three suggested that a comparison of multiple prediction models, the time series model, produced the most accurate and better forecast value for the COVID-19 outbreak. Chapter Four targets type-2 diabetes is an immune-metabolic disorder characterized by low grade inflammation, pancreatic β cell dysfunction; insulin insufficiency or resistance. Chapter Five focus studies to explore this aspect of the immune defect and develop new tools for its comprehensive evaluation. Chapter Six studies are revealing how variations and changes in the composition of the gut microbiota influence normal physiology and contribute to diseases ranging from inflammation to obesity. Chapter Seven aims to evaluate the available literature regarding the antimicrobial effects of thymol and thymol nanoformulations. It also covers the recent advances in applications of thymol as antimicrobial agent. Chapter 8 review possible thrombotic mechanisms in antiphospholipid syndrome from the clinician point of view who treats thrombotic complication but is one who should also take out preventive measures. The level at which preventive action is possible is strict control of primarily cardiovascular risk factors, control of the activity of autoimmune diseases, and full thrombophilia screening. Finally, Chapter Nine discusses thrombocytopenia in COVID-19 patients is a common finding, recent studies have reported an unusually high prevalence of thrombotic complications which was the reason for the measuring of aPL. The aPLs in COVID-19 patients are mainly directed against b2GPI but display an epitope specificity different from that of the antibodies in antiphospholipid syndrome. Coagulopathy and vasculopathy are initial stages in both COVID-19 infection and APS sharing three similar stages.Table of ContentsPreface; Food: A Key Element in Epidemiology of Norovirus Infection; General Aspects of Fluoride and Oxidative Imbalance in Dental and Skeletal Fluorosis; Modeling and Prediction of COVID-19 Outbreak in India; Targeting the Tripartite Members in Type II Diabetes: Gut Microbiota, Inflammatory Cells and miRNA; Comprehensive Evaluation of NK Cells and Its Utility in the Diagnosis of NK Cell Defects; Partners in Health and Partners in Crime: Gut-Brain Axis and Circadian Rhythms; Recent Advances in Antimicrobial Attributes of Thymol: An Overview; (UN) Common Thrombotic Mechanisms in Antiphospholipid Syndrome; Platelets in Antiphospholipid Syndrome and Beyond; Index.

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Book SynopsisThe secure storage of medical records is vital to any healthcare system. Relying solely on centralised servers increases the likelihood of sensitive information going public. Transparency and increased security of Blockchain technology make it an ideal platform for storing medical records. Patients can safely store their privacy-sensitive information by securing their data on a Blockchain using cryptography. This enables them to share their medical information with any healthcare institution with their approval. The healthcare system is currently very fragmented, but if all users were to use a secure global database, the flow of information between them would be much faster. A great advantage of a global database is that clients do not have to tell their story every time. A medical specialist, for example, can see exactly what a patient has been through and what treatments and examinations have taken place. The information is also available in real time to the healthcare professional the client has indicated to have access to his file. A new revolution is taking place that is clearly different from the third industrial revolution (Internet, communication and globalisation). This fourth industrial revolution involves a fusion of technologies such as biotechnology, nanotechnology, artificial intelligence, robotics, the Internet of Things, cloud computing and Blockchain. Our healthcare society is also changing fundamentally, also under the influence of COVID-19. With this book in three chapters, we present the impact of Blockchain and digitisation in healthcare with (1) a systematic literature review om implementing blockchain solutions in health care and organisational consequences, (2) Blockchain in health care and (3) transformation of elderly care and impact of digitalisation.Table of ContentsPreface; A Systematic Literature Review on Implementing Blockchain Solutions in Healthcare and the Organisational Consequences; Blockchain in Healthcare; Transformation of Elderly Care and Impact of Digitalization; Index.

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Book SynopsisThis book includes nine chapters that describe recent advances in health and disease. Chapter One discusses controversies regarding the use of intraoperative cell salvage during surgery involving bacterial contamination or malignancy. Chapter Two presents an overview of clinical applications of all-trans retinoic acid. Chapter Three explores the role of angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 receptors in COVID-19 infection. Chapter Four describes potentially beneficial sports supplements for endurance athletes. Chapter Five studies the influence of low-impact aerobic physical activity on Berger's disease. Chapter Six evaluates the effects and toxicity features of paclitaxel nanoformulations. Chapter Seven examines a potential link between methamphetamine abuse and glycogen synthase kinase-3. Chapter Eight investigates the health-promoting potential of tryptophan-derived betalin. Finally, Chapter Nine deals with the role of glucagon in exploring the corticotrop pituitary reserve.Table of ContentsPreface; Can We Overcome the Obstacles to Modern Intraoperative Cell Salvage Transfusion? A Detailed Review of Current Evidence; Advanced Formulation of All-Trans Retinoic Acid for Combination Therapy in Cancer; Circulating Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2 (ACE2) and Angiotensin-(1-7) [Ang-(1-7)] in COVID-19 Patients; Sports Supplements in Endurance Sports: Practical Applications; Effect of Aerobic Physical Activity in Swimming and Cycle Ergometer on Proteinuria in IgA-Nephropathy: A Longitudinal Single Case study; Nanoformulations of Paclitaxel: Therapeutic or Toxic?; Glycogen Synthase Kinase-3b and Methamphetamine Abuse Liability; Health-Promoting Potential of a Natural Plant Pigment Based on Tryptophan; The Role of Glucagon in Exploring the Corticotrop Pituitary Reserve: Review of the Latest Evidence; Index.

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Book SynopsisIn Gardasil: Fast-Tracked and Fatal, the author argues that there is no evidence of how much cervical cancer the HPV vaccine will prevent. What is emerging, however, is evidence of its harmful effects. In the nine years since the experimental HPV vaccination program began, there have been 255 deaths worldwide and 43,000 adverse events.Gardasil was fast-tracked through the FDA, a process usually reserved for serious diseases where a new drug is required to fill an unmet and urgent medical need. Yet the incidence of cervical cancer had been markedly in decline due to Pap smear programs.Trade ReviewA brilliant, well-researched expose on the terrifying consequences of HPV vaccination for many children that will make all parents question its benefits. Stephen Tunley, Director of SaneVax

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Book SynopsisIn November 1994, the Haut Comité de la Santa Publique published its first general report on health in France. This not only took stock of the state of health of the French population but also raised questions about the organisation of the health system, defined priorities, and suggested objectives and the implementation of a genuine policy for health. What has happened since then? To find out, the HCSP engages in an unprecedented comparative analysis in this book. It studies the changes in the context of the health situation in demographic, economic, social, political and institutional terms and uses indicators to gauge the distance that still has to be covered if the health status objectives set in 1994 are to be attained by the year 2000. This allows it to examine the influence of determinants related to risk behaviours and the physical and professional environment, and to describe their variation. Lastly, starting from a discussion of a few problems concerning the organisation of the health system, it gives an in-depth analysis of the role of certain malfunctions that are specific to the French health situation.

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Book SynopsisThe aim of this book is twofold: to promote an awareness of cultural differences in connection with sexual medicine among health care providers, and to demonstrate how such differences are relevant to the care and treatment of patients with sexual issues. Individual sexuality represents the cumulative effects of biological, psychological, and cultural influences. Yet much of the study of sexuality—including issues ranging from sexual identity to sexual response—has been conducted through a Western lens. Although a substantial body of work in anthropology has taken up the study of human sexuality from a cross-cultural perspective, two points are notable. First, this work seldom crosses the desks of medical and psychological health practitioners, and second, the relevance of specific cultural differences is rarely apparent to the typical sexual health practitioner. To address this situation, this book adopts a global perspective, focusing on how cultural practices and values can impact health care, treatment, and outcomes. In this regard, it covers three broad domains: Sexual Identity and Orientation; Sexual Response and Dysfunction; and Sexual Diversity. Each chapter consists of two parts: a general description of the relevant issues, and a discussion of how these issues can be relevant to clinical practice. The book offers a valuable, practical tool for specialists in sexual medicine and sexual psychology, for sexual healthcare givers, and for sexological researchers who want to better serve their patients by developing an awareness of and sensitivity to cultural differences, and by providing a framework for dealing with issues of sexuality and sexual health that takes cultural values into consideration, while adhering to best practices in patient care.Trade Review“The book has something to teach everyone, from the novice just beginning to understand the cross disciplinary nature of sexual health care to the seasoned sexual health professional looking to enhance their understanding of specific cultures or sub-cultures. As an educational resource tool, the book is worth being read and kept as a resource … . having read it, I look forward to treating my patients more effectively and to the many lively discussions that will be engendered by this work.” (Elisabeth Gordon, Journal of Sex & Marital Therapy, May 6, 2021)Table of ContentsPart I: Introduction.- Culture and Practice: Identifying the Issues.- Role of Medical Anthropology in Understanding Cultural Differences in Sexuality.- Part 2: Sexual Issues, Identity, and Challenges.- Socio-cultural perspectives, challenges, and approaches to sexual health in the Indian subcontinent.- Lesbian, Gay, and Bisexuality from a Cross-Cultural Perspective.- Transcultural Homo- and Trans-Phobia.- Impact of Chinese Traditional Culture on Sexuality.- Sexual Fluidity Behind Culture.- Part 3: Dealing with Sexual Issues.- Middle East Cultural Challenges and the Treatment of Sexual Problems in Men.- Central Asian Challenges in Sexual Issues.- Western, Asian, and Middle Eastern societies’ cultural attitudes and barriers impacting the management of sexual health care.- Latin American and Latina/Latino Issues in Sexual Health.- Cultural Issues Impacting the Acceptance of Psychosexual Therapy.- Normal or normative? Italian medical experts' discourses on sexual ageing in the Viagra era.- Part 4: Sexual Differences and Cultural Variation.- Pleasure, Orgasm, and Sexual Mutilations in Different Cultural Settings.- Disposition and Treatment of Paraphilia in Non-Western Cultures.- Disability and Sexuality.- Sexual Surgery through the Ages, in Varying Cultures.- Pornography Use: What Do Cross-Cultural Patterns Tell Us?.- Cross Cultural Research: Opportunities and Strategies for Discovery.

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Book SynopsisThis book introduces the most recent research and innovative developments regarding the new strains of COVID-19. While medical and natural sciences have been working instantly on deriving solutions and trying to protect humankind against such virus types, there is also a great focus on technological developments for improving the mechanism – momentum of science for effective and efficient solutions. At this point, computational intelligence is the most powerful tools for researchers to fight against COVID-19. Thanks to instant data-analyze and predictive techniques by computational intelligence, it is possible to get positive results and introduce revolutionary solutions against related medical diseases. By running capabilities – resources for rising the computational intelligence, technological fields like Artificial Intelligence (with Machine / Deep Learning), Data Mining, Applied Mathematics are essential components for processing data, recognizing patterns, modelling new techniques and improving the advantages of the computational intelligence more. Nowadays, there is a great interest in the application potentials of computational intelligence to be an effective approach for taking humankind more step away, after COVID-19 and before pandemics similar to the COVID-19 many appear.

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Book SynopsisThe shift to prevention and health promotion is an example of how policy makers aim to rationalise and organise both health systems and patients' health practices. By applying a perspective from empirical science & technology studies (STS), based on qualitative research methods, the chapters of this book present a view behind the scenes and zoom into the micropolitics of prevention and health promotion. They analyse how patients are framed as being "at risk", how preventative regimes shape medical practices, and what its practical consequences are in patients' everyday lives. This makes the insights of this book relevant for prevention and health promotion practitioners, public health policy-makers and researchers.

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Book SynopsisThrough Pulse to Planet, leading public health expert K. Srinath Reddy aims to promote this understanding to contribute to building a healthier society for present and future generations.

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Book SynopsisIn April 2010, Southern Africa HIV/AIDS Information Dissemination Service (SAfAIDS) organised a forum to share experiences on implementing interventions to address HIV and AIDS, sexuality, gender and education. The conference sought to provide a platform for sharing good practices and examining the role of culture in HIV and AIDS prevention and mitigation among participants working in training, home-based care, education, advocacy, lobbying and information production and dissemination, among others. The book is one of the avenues through which key conference outcomes are being shared. It targets professionals involved in an array of projects or programmes in the areas of HIV and AIDS, sexual and reproductive health, gender and education mainly working with NGOs, faith-based organisations (FBOs) and community-based organisations (CBOs). It is also aimed at policy makers and programme managers in governmental institutions, international NGOs (INGOs), UN agencies, media personnel, researchers and teachers. The objective of the book is to empower these target readers with skills to improve the way they implement their programmes.

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Book SynopsisEnables road safety researchers and professionals to interpret correctly the results of one of the main sources of knowledge about the effect of road safety engineering measures, the observational Before-After study. This three part monograph includes: the essentials; adaptations of conventional approaches; and elements of a new approach.Trade ReviewDr Rune Elvik This is an important textbook, more profound in its approach than anything else I have seen in the field of road safety. Ezra Hauer's ambition is obviously to turn the study of road safety into a proper science, and he has come a long way in doing that. The book is certainly needed. Hauer does not respect the 'received wisdom', but asks fundamental questions and shows how frustatingly difficult they are to answer. ...Hauer is an excellent teacher... His extensive use of numerical examples in the book makes it easy for readers to check their understanding of the mathematical models that are presented. [Hauer's] unique combination of analytical rigour and a sparkling writing style, interspersed occasionally with elegant polemics, cheers me up. It makes real fun to read. Institute of Transport Economics, Norwegian Centre for Transport Research B.G. Heydecker extensive coverage of the topic in an accessible and yet profound manner...a valuable source for those who wish to learn about the evaluation of road safety measures, and for those who have data that they wish to use in this way...Researchers of road safety measures will find sound advice on approaches to their studies and practical procedures for the analysis of their data. I expect that a wide range of readers beyond these will enjoy this book, as indeed I did. Accident Analysis and Prevention Ian Glendon, Griffith University, Queensland ... For anyone in the early stages of, or contemplating any form of, road safety intervention, the book could be considered as essential reading. Ergonomics AbstractsTable of ContentsSection headings: Essentials. Adaptions of Conventional Approaches. Elements of a New Approach.

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a huge range and FREE tracked UK delivery on ALL orders.

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a huge range and FREE tracked UK delivery on ALL orders.

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Book SynopsisInstitutions matter for the advancement of human rights in global health. Given the dramatic development of human rights under international law and the parallel proliferation of global institutions for public health, there arises an imperative to understand the implementation of human rights through global health governance. This volume examines the evolving relationship between human rights, global governance, and public health, studying an expansive set of health challenges through a multi-sectoral array of global organizations. To analyze the structural determinants of rights-based governance, the organizations in this volume include those international bureaucracies that implement human rights in ways that influence public health in a globalizing world. This volume brings together leading health and human rights scholars and practitioners from academia, non-governmental organizations, and the United Nations system. They explore the foundations of human rights as a normative framewTrade ReviewHaving planted the seeds of the human rights-based approach in my role as United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights, I am delighted to see these contributing chapters sharing the enduring results of these efforts to advance global health. This volume will be vital to the continuing advancement of rights-based global governance to safeguard the health of the world's most vulnerable peoples. It makes clear the importance of translating human rights into institutional programming for public health. Providing the first systematic account of the implementation of health-related human rights through global governance, this volume will serve as a model for future research, practice, and advocacy to advance global health and human rights. * Mary Robinson, Former President of Ireland (1990-1997); United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights (1997-2002) *Table of ContentsFOREWORD Human Rights in Global Health Governance Mary Robinson PREFACE Preface INTRODUCTION Responding to the Public Health Harms of a Globalizing World through Human Rights in Global Governance Benjamin Mason Meier and Lawrence O. Gostin PART I: HUMAN RIGHTS IN GLOBAL HEALTH 1. The Origins of Human Rights in Global Health Lawrence O. Gostin and Benjamin Mason Meier 2. The Evolution of Applying Human Rights Frameworks to Health Alicia Ely Yamin and Andrés Constantin 3. Framing Human Rights in Global Health Governance Benjamin Mason Meier and Lawrence O. Gostin 4. The Future of Global Governance for Health: Putting Rights at the Center of Sustainable Development Michel Sidibé, Helena Nygren-Krug, Bronwyn McBride, and Kent Buse PART II: WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION 5. Development of Human Rights Through WHO Benjamin Mason Meier and Florian Kastler 6. Mainstreaming Human Rights Across WHO Rebekah Thomas and Veronica Magar 7. The Future of Human Rights in WHO Flavia Bustreo, Veronica Magar, Rajat Khosla, Marcus Stahlhofer, and Rebekah Thomas PART III: INTER-GOVERNMENTAL ORGANIZATIONS 8. The United Nations Children's Fund: Implementing Human Rights for Child Health Benjamin Mason Meier, Mitra Motlagh, and Kumanan Rasanathan 9. The International Labor Organization: Human Rights to Health and Safety at Work Lee Swepston 10. The United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization: Advancing Global Health Through Human Rights in Education and Science Audrey Chapman and Konstantinos Tararas 11. The United Nations Population Fund: An Evolving Human Rights Mission and Approach to Sexual and Reproductive Health Emilie Filmer-Wilson and Luis Mora 12. The Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations: Advancing the Right to Food to Promote Public Health Olivier de Schutter and Carolin Anthes 13. The Joint United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS: With Communities for Human Rights Helena Nygren-Krug 14. The Future of Intergovernmental Partnerships for Health and Human Rights Sarah Hawkes, Julia Kreienkamp, and Kent Buse PART IV: GLOBAL ECONOMIC GOVERNANCE & GLOBAL HEALTH FUNDING AGENCIES 15. Integrating a Human Rights-Based Approach and the Right to Development into Global Governance for Health Stephen P. Marks 16. The World Bank: Contested Institutional Progress in Rights-Based Health Discourse Yusra Ribhi Shawar and Jennifer Prah Ruger 17. The World Trade Organization: Carving Out the Right to Health for Access to Medicines and Tobacco Control Suerie Moon and Thirukumaran Balasubramaniam 18. National Foreign Assistance Programs: Advancing Health-Related Human Rights Through Shared Obligations for Global Health Rachel Hammonds and Gorik Ooms 19. The Global Fund to Fight AIDS, TB, and Malaria: Funding Basic Services and Meeting the Challenge of Rights-Based Programs Ralf Jürgens, Joanne Csete, Hyeyoung Lim, Susan Timberlake, and Matthew Smith 20. The Future of Multilateral Funding to Realize the Right to Health Gorik Ooms and Rachel Hammonds PART V: GLOBAL HEALTH IN HUMAN RIGHTS GOVERNANCE 21. The Office of the UN High Commissioner for Human Rights: Putting the Right to Health on the Agenda Gillian MacNaughton and Mariah McGill 22. United National Special Procedures: Peopling Human Rights, Peopling Global Health Thérèse Murphy and Amrei Mueller 23. Human Rights Treaty Bodies: Monitoring, Interpreting, and Adjudicating Health-Related Human Rights Benjamin Mason Meier and Virginia Brás Gomes 24. The Future of Human Rights Accountability for Global Health under the Universal Periodic Review Judith R. Bueno de Mesquita and Dabney P. Evans PART VI: CONCLUSION AND AFTERWORD CONCLUSION 25. Comparative Analysis on Human Rights in Global Governance for Health Benjamin Mason Meier and Lawrence O. Gostin AFTERWORD Governance for Global Health and Human Rights in a Populist Age Benjamin Mason Meier Index

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Book SynopsisSince the publication of the first edition of Environmental Health Science , preventing and treating acute and chronic disease caused by exposure to chemical health hazards has become even more central to the practice of public health. This fully revised and updated edition introduces students and practitioners to the concepts and terminology from chemistry, ecology, toxicology, and engineering necessary for identifying the sources of environmental contaminants; quantifying environmental levels and human exposures; and preventing and remediating environmental health hazards. Liberal use of figures and tables allows readers to visualize complex scientific phenomena and to understand their effects on every aspect of the environment from cells to entire ecosystems. Authored by two of the foremost educators, investigators, and practitioners in this increasingly important discipline, the new edition of Environmental Health Science is an essential resource for students and practitioners in pTrade ReviewIn its 400 pages, this book probably covers as much as is reasonable to expect.It will find its place among more extensive treatises as well as less scholarly entries. Throughout, the authors remain committed to their credo of "avoiding the tendency to present attractive hypotheses or assumptions as proven facts." In every respect, this second edition is a refreshing contribution. * J. Thomas Pierce, MBBS, PhD, Doody'sThe Annals of Occupational Hygiene *Table of ContentsPreface 1. Introduction and Historical Perspective 2. Characterization of Contaminants and Environments 3. Sources of Contaminants 4. Dispersion of Contaminants 5. Fate of Contaminants: Translocation, Transformations, and Sinks 6. Effects of Contaminants on Human Health 7. Effects of Contaminants on Environmental Quality 8. Risk Assessment 9. Environmental Sampling and Exposure Assessment 10. Risk Management 11. Contaminant Criteria and Exposure Limits 12. Our Environmental Future Supplementary Bibliography Index

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Book SynopsisToday, we know cities as shared spaces with the potential to both threaten and promote human health: while urban areas are known to amplify the transmission of epidemics like Ebola, urban residency is also associated with longer, healthier lives. Modern cities encompass a wide ecology of infrastructures, institutions and services that impact health, from access to improved sanitation and early childhood education to the design of buildings and transportation systems. So how has this centuries-long transformation in human settlement affected the mindset surrounding public health research and practice? Urban Public Health is an interdisciplinary collaboration from experts across the globe that approaches the issue of urban health research from a uniquely public health orientation. The carefully crafted and thoughtful chapters in this volume grapple with the complexity of the urban setting as a physical and social space while also providing an abundance of global and local examples of curTrade ReviewA treasure-trove of lessons in urban public health research from the most urbanized regions of the world, Urban Public Health offers a comprehensive guide to urban health research from theoretical frameworks to practical considerations. By adopting a population health approach, the authors foreground the diverse systems for health that can support or undermine health in cities. The detailed exposÃé of updates to research methods for urban health are overdue additions to the scientific landscape, and a must for the conduct of policy-informed and contextually relevant research for healthy sustainable cities globally." * Tolullah Oni, Public Health Physician and Urban Epidemiologist, Research Initiative for Cities Health and Equity (RICHE Africa), University of Cambridge, and University of Cape Town *This book is an important contribution to the study of urban health. By its careful exposition of the tools of science, including definitions and methods, it establishes a coherent base to guide future exploration. Urban Public Health will serve scholars and students alike and should be required reading in all urban health courses." * Mindy Thompson Fullilove, Professor of Urban Policy and Health, The New School *Table of ContentsTable of Contents Contributing Authors Foreword Preface Part I - Introduction to Urban Health Chapter 1. What is Urban Health? Defining the Geographic and Substantive Scope Chapter 2. Global Urbanization and Health Trends Chapter 3. Conceptual Models and Frameworks for Understanding the Links Between Urban Environments and Health Chapter 4. Urban Health Inequities Part II - Identifying and Collecting Data for Urban Health Research Chapter 5. Assessment of the Urban Environment: Measurement Scales, Modes, and Metrics Chapter 6. Human Perceptions and Reflections on the Urban Context Chapter 7. Characterizing and Mapping Health in Urban Areas Part III - Tools for working with urban health data Chapter 8. Managing and Integrating Diverse Sources of Urban Data Chapter 9. Analysis Strategies for Relating the Urban Environment to Health Chapter 10. What Do We Know About What Works? Synthesizing the Evidence Chapter 11: Systems approaches to urban health Part IV: From Evidence into Action Chapter 12. Partnerships and Collaboration: An Urban Focus Chapter 13. Community Engagement and Participatory Approaches for Urban Health Chapter 14: Policy in Urban Health: The Power of Cities to Translate Science into Action Chapter 15: Dissemination of Urban Health Research to Maximize Impact Concluding Remarks Acknowledgements About the Authors

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Book SynopsisSurgery and pharmaceuticals are not the only effective procedures we have to improve our health. The natural human tendency to care for fellow humans, to support them with social networks, has proven to be a powerful treatment as well. This book, will provide the most up to date research on the effects of social support interventions on physical and mental health.Trade ReviewThis is an excellent book - well produced, first class content and heavily referenced. Buy it! * Journal of Public Health Medicine *Table of ContentsContributors Part I. Theoretical and Historical Perspectives 1: Sheldon Cohen, Benjamin H. Gottlieb, and Lynn G. Underwood: Social Relationships and Health Part II. Social Support Measures 2: Brian Lakey and Sheldon Cohen: Social Support Theory and Measurement 3: Ian Brissette, Sheldon Cohen, and Teresa E. Seeman: Measuring Social Integration and Social Networks 4: Thomas A. Wills and Ori Shinar: Measuring Perceived and Received Social Support 5: Harry T. Reis and Nancy Collins: Measuring Relationship Properties and Interactions Relevant to Social Support Part III. Social Support Interventions 6: Benjamin H. Gottlieb: Selecting and Planning Support Interventions 7: Vicki S. Helgeson and Benjamin H. Gottlieb: Support Groups 8: John Eckenrode and Stephen Hamilton: One-to-One Support Interventions: Home Visitation and Mentoring 9: Carolyn E. Cutrona and Valerie Cole: Optimizing Support in the Natural Network Part IV. Implications 10: Karen S. Rook and Lynn G. Underwood: Social Support Measurement and Interventions: Comments and Future Directions Index

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Book SynopsisEnvironmental chemical hazards are a highly contentious topic in modern life. Nearly every nation on earth has faced its own environmental crises, and also shares perspectives on the possibility of global catastrophes. Of the many global concerns we face, the environmental issue is unique in many ways. The greatest of these is the fundamental scientific nature of the issue, and the extent to which our opinions are formed based on high-level scientific inquiry and assessment. The two key fields of study on this issue, environmental epidemiology and exposure assessment, are still given separate names because of their separate historical roots and scientific traditions, but are seen increasingly as inseparable aspects of the same basic investigation. In this book, Thomas J. Smith and David Kriebel assert that important advances in the quantification of environmental risks can only come through a true synthesis of the two fields. They have built a common biologic model of exposure, physiolTrade ReviewThis is must reading. I would agree with their tongue-in-cheek assertion that their discussion of assessments must move beyond John Snow's work in epidemiiology of 150 years ago. Theirs is a brilliant step in the right direction. * Doody's Notes *Table of ContentsChapter 1. Introduction - Relating Disease to Exposure. Section A. Exposure and Disease in Individuals Chapter 2. Characteristics of Exposure Chapter 3. Exposure Characterization for Epidemiology Chapter 4. Personal Exposure-Tissue Concentration Relationships Chapter 5. Biomarkers as Indicators of Exposure Chapter 6. Disease Process Models Section B. Exposure and Disease in Populations Chapter 7. Epidemiologic Evaluation of Environmental Hazards Chapter 8. Uncertainty in Measuring Risk Chapter 9. Dosimetry in Epidemiology Section C. Practical Applications of Disease Process Models Chapter 10. Modeling Proportional Disease Processes Chapter 11. Effects of Ammonia and Ozone on Respiratory Symptoms: Examples of Reversible Proportional Disease Processes Chapter 12. Neurobehavioral Effects of Mercury and Popcorn Workers' Lung: Examples of Irreversible Proportional Diseases Processes Chapter 13. Modeling Discrete Disease Processes Chapter 14. Asthma & Indoor Air, Dermatitis & Metalworking Fluids: Examples of Discrete Reversible Disease Processes Chapter 15. Irreversible Discrete Processes Chapter 16. Where Do We Go From Here?

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Book SynopsisAvedis Donabedian''s name is synonymous with quality of medical care. He unravelled the mystery behind the concept by defining it in clear operational terms and provided detailed blueprints for both its measurement (known as quality assessment) and its improvement (known as quality assurance). Many before him claimed that quality couldn''t be defined in concrete objective terms. He demonstrated that quality is an attribute of a system which he called structure, a set of organized activities which he called process, and an outcome which results from both. In this book Donabedian tells the full story of quality assessment and assurance in simple, clear terms. He defines the meaning of quality, explicates its components, and provides clear and systematic guides to its assessment and enhancement. His style is lucid, succinct, systematic and yet personal, almost conversational.Trade Review"The book provides an excellent and refreshing summary statement of his scholarly articles and three-volume work in defining, monitoring, and assessing quality in healthcare...he provides a valuable example of how important it is to formulate a conceptual framework in the effort to improve the quality of healthcare."--Doody'sTable of ContentsINTRODUCTION ; 1. The Components of Quality in Health Care ; 2. Determining What to Monitor ; 3. Determining Priorities in Monitoring ; 4. Selecting Approaches to Assessing Performance ; 5. Formulating Criteria and Standards ; 6. Obtaining the Necessary Information ; 7. Choosing When and How to Monitor ; 8. Constructing a Monitoring System ; 9. Bringing About Behaviour Change ; 10. The Effectiveness of Quality Monitoring

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Book SynopsisThis is a history of the Rockefeller Foundation's International Health Division (1913-1951), one of the most important public health agencies of the 20th century and a precursor of the World Health Organization. The book includes descriptions of the conflicts among the "medical barons" who ran the division.Trade Review"In this endeavour it succeeds quite well. It is well researched, highly readable, and even witty at times. To be sure, the conquest of infectious disease makes for a good story and while it is easy to get lost in the names and the places, the results speak for themselves." --International Epidemiology Association "John Farley's book is a good read. Well written, generally free of opinion and jargon, and dependent largely on primary sources, it chronicles the rise and decline of the International Health Division of the Rockefeller Foundation from 1913 to 1951." --JAMA "...will render an important service to researchers..."--edical History "Overall there is much to recommend Farley's book...fill[s] this longstanding gap in the history of global public health."--Journal of the History of Medicine and Allied Sciences "In this endeavour it succeeds quite well. It is well researched, highly readable, and even witty at times. To be sure, the conquest of infectious disease makes for a good story and while it is easy to get lost in the names and the places, the results speak for themselves." --International Epidemiology Association "John Farley's book is a good read. Well written, generally free of opinion and jargon, and dependent largely on primary sources, it chronicles the rise and decline of the International Health Division of the Rockefeller Foundation from 1913 to 1951." --JAMA "...will render an important service to researchers..."--Medical History "Overall there is much to recommend Farley's book...fill[s] this longstanding gap in the history of global public health."--Journal of the History of Medicine and Allied SciencesTable of Contents1. Introduction ; PART I: ROSE'S VISION ; 2. The First Stage: Rose's Vision ; 3. Rose's Vision: Tuberculosis in France (1917-1924) ; PART II: DISEASE ERADICATION ; 4. The First Hookworm Campaigns (1913-1920) ; 5. Retreat from Hookworm (1920-1930) ; 6. Yellow Fever: From Coast to Jungle ; 7. Malaria: Killing Mosquitoes and Anophilines (1915-1935) ; 8. World War II: DDT, Typhus, and Malaria ; 9. Malaria: The Ultimate Kill ; PART III: A RESEARCH PROGRAM ; 10. Reorganization and Research Laboratories (1928-1940) ; 11. Yellow Fever Vaccines: A Slap in the Face ; 12. Disease for Research ; PART IV: TRAINING THE EXPERTS ; 13. Frustrations in Sao Paulo: The Wrong Step in Rio ; 14. Northern Lights: London and Toronto ; 15. Rough Seas: Prague, Rome, Tokyo ; PART V: FINALE ; 16. Post-War Confusion: What To Do Next? ; 17. Conclusion: Swinging Pendulums

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Book SynopsisThe central idea behind this book is that we lack consensus on principles for allocating medical resources, and in the absence of such a consensus we must develop and rely on a fair decision-making process for setting limits on health care. The authors provide an analysis of the current situation, reviewing typical solutions, before describing their own approach. The audience for the book is global since the problem of limited resources cuts across all types of health care systems whether or not they have universal coverage.In its first edition Setting Limits Fairly stimulated considerable work on setting priorities in health care. The second edition includes a new chapter on the international response to accountability for reasonableness and two new chapters on applications of the approach in developing countries and in human rights approaches to health.Trade Review"A valuable addition to the discourse on health policy making."--Doody'sTable of Contents1. Our Lives in Whose Hands ; 2. Justice, Scarcity, and Public Accountability for Limits ; 3. The Legitimacy Problem and Fair Process ; 4. Accountability for Reasonableness ; 5. Managing Last-Chance Therapies ; 6. Lung Volume Reduction Surgery: A Case Study ; 7. Making Pharmacy Benefits Accountable for Reasonableness ; 8. Indirect Limit Setting: Accountability for Physician Incentives ; 9. Accountability for Reasonableness in Action: Public Sector Mental Health Care Contracting ; 10. An International Learning Curve ; 11. Learning to Share Medical Resources ; 12. Revisiting the International Learning Curve ; 13. Developing Country Applications of Accountability for Reasonableness ; 14. New Uses for Accountability for Reasonableness ; Conclusion: What Next?

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Book SynopsisTwo decades after the third edition of Lilienfeld''s Foundations of Epidemiology advanced the teaching of epidemiology, this completely revised fourth edition offers a new and innovative approach for future generations of students in population health. Authored by two longtime educators in epidemiology, this all-new Foundations frames the field''s fundamental concepts within a mix of classic examples and recent case studies, as well the inclusion of recently developed measures now finding commonplace usage in the field. The result is a comprehensive introduction to modern epidemiology accessible to readers of all backgrounds and interests.Features in this new Foundations include:- Coverage of all the fundamentals of epidemiology, including measuring health status, characteristics of outbreaks, design and construct of epidemiologic studies- Exercises to check understanding- Chapters devoted to clinical epidemiology, fieldwork, evidence-based medicine, and evidence-based public health contextualize epidemiology and its place in medicine and societyDevoid of the digressions and inaccessibility that characterize many other introductory epidemiology texts, this new Foundations of Epidemiology will inform thinking and learning in the population sciences for decades to come. It is affordable, comprehensive, and enjoyable to read, one not likely to sit on the shelf collecting dust but to be consulted over time as one would when seeking guidance from a wise friend or mentor.Table of ContentsI INTRODUCTION TO EPIDEMIOLOGY ; 1. Laying the Foundations: The Epidemiologic Approach ; 2. Threads of Epidemiologic History ; 3. Selected Epidemiologic Concepts of Disease ; 4. Inferring Causal Relationships from Epidemiologic Studies ; II DEMOGRAPHIC STUDIES ; 5. Vital Statistics ; 6. Vital Statistics: Studies ; 7. Morbidity Statistics ; 8. Morbidity Statistics: Studies ; III EPIDEMIOLOGIC STUDIES ; 9. Observational Studies I: Cohort Studies ; 10. Observational Studies II: Case-Control Studies ; 11. Experimental Studies I: Randomized Controlled Trials ; 12. Experimental Studies II: Community and Cluster Randomized Trials ; IV USING EPIDEMIOLOGIC INFORMATION ; 13. Clinical Applications ; 14. Field Epidemiology ; 15. Evidence-Based Practices ; APPENDICES ; 1. Guide to Reading the Epidemiologic Literature ; 2. Standards for Reporting the Results of Epidemiologic and Health-Related Studies ; 3. Answers to Problem Sets ; INDEX

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