Poverty and precarity Books

Book SynopsisThe Handbook on Unemployment and Society explores how labor market institutions, policy regimes, and societal norms shape the experiences of unemployed people across various cultural contexts. It highlights how unemployment experiences are not usually driven by individual factors, but rather by broader structural forces.

Read more less

Book SynopsisForeword by Timothy M. (Tim) Smeeding, Founding Director of the Luxembourg Income Study and Lee Rainwater Distinguished Professor of Public Affairs and Economics, University of Wisconsin, USThis insightful book addresses the urgent need for robust evidence on recent trends and factors contributing to poverty and inequality in East Asia. Using data from international projects, including the Luxembourg Income Study (LIS), as well as national data, expert contributors monitor trends in poverty and inequality within and between countries, while also identifying the factors that are driving them, both nationally and regionally. Chapters explore labour market and demographic developments, changes in family and household structures and roles, and changes in policy settings. Investigating how these factors act both independently and interactively to generate nationally and regionally unique features of poverty and inequality, the book highlights how inequality has been rising on a global scale and suggests how welfare states should respond. Poverty and Inequality in East Asia will be a valuable resource for researchers and students studying Asian development and social policy, comparative social policy, labour policy and family policy. Drawing on state of the art data to compare experiences in selected Western economies against those in East Asia, the book will also be a useful resource for policy makers.Trade Review‘This volume offers both insight into how East Asian societies are changing, while issuing a warning on how and why their welfare states need further change to adapt to these new realities as the characteristics of inequality and differential prosperity found in rich western nations have come to roost in East Asia.’ -- From the foreword by Timothy Smeeding‘In this engaging volume, leading experts utilize high-quality datasets to assess social policies in contemporary East Asia. These excellent and nuanced studies analyze interactions among multiple changes currently underway – including policy reforms, economic shifts, and demographic upheavals. This illuminating collection broadens and deepens cross-national scholarship on poverty and inequality.’ -- Janet C. Gornick, City University of New York, Graduate Center, USTable of ContentsContents: Foreword xiv Acknowledgements xvi 1 Introduction to Poverty and Inequality in East Asia: Work, Family and Policy 1 Peter Saunders and Inhoe Ku 2 Working poverty and anti-poverty policy in four East Asian societies 14 Aya Abe, Yu-Ling Chang, Ji Young Kang, Jennifer Romich, and Julia Shu-Huah Wang 3 Income packaging and social safety nets for low-income families with children in East Asia 38 Julia Shu-Huah Wang, Irene Y.H. Ng, Inhoe Ku, Ji Young Kang, Xi Zhao, Chenhong Peng, Aya Abe, and Yinan Yao 4 Childlessness and social support in four East Asian societies 63 Aya Abe 5 Married women’s employment and the motherhood employment penalty by couple’s educational attainment across ten countries 86 Ji Young Kang, Wonjin Lee, Sunyu Ham, and Julia Shu-Huah Wang 6 Adult, child and sibling deprivation in Hong Kong 109 Peter Saunders, Hung Wong, and Vera Mun Yu Tang 7 Explaining the child poverty outcomes of Japan, South Korea, and Taiwan 129 Bruce Bradbury, Aya Abe, Markus Jäntti, Inhoe Ku, and Julia Shu-Huah Wang 8 Poverty among young adults in East Asia – a comparative study 153 Geumsun Byun, Mihee Park, and Hyejin Ko 9 Old-age poverty in rural China in the new century 176 Shi Li and Mengbing Zhu 10 What makes old-age poverty in East Asian societies so high? 196 Inhoe Ku, Wonjin Lee, Aya Abe, Mengbing Zhu, Shi Li, Chungyang Yeh, and Dongjin Kim 11 Conclusion 221 Inhoe Ku and Peter Saunders Index 231

Read more less

Book SynopsisThis timely book introduces a fresh perspective on youth unemployment by analysing it as a global phenomenon. Continuously-escalating rates of youth unemployment have become endemic, normalised features of contemporary society. Ross Fergusson and Nicola Yeates argue that only by incorporating analysis of the dynamics of the global economy and global governance can we make convincing, comprehensive sense of these developments. The authors present new substantial evidence spanning a century pointing to the strong relationships between youth unemployment, globalisation, economic crises and consequent harms to young people's social and economic welfare worldwide. The book notably encompasses data and analysis spanning the Global South as well as the Global North.The authors' innovative exploration is holistic in approach and committed to analyses that span histories, territories, academic disciplines and policy contexts. Providing new statistical examination of the incidence, distribution, impacts and putative causes, this book presents a highly original interpretation of youth unemployment and its global governance. It calls for urgently-needed robust responses on a global scale.Global Youth Unemployment is essential reading for students and academics within the fields of social, labour, public and economic policy as well as policy makers within the youth employment and unemployment sectors.Trade Review‘The two authors are very dear and consistent with respect to their purpose, which is a merit to them. In turn, it makes it easier to understand and discuss their viewpoint. For practitioners, the main interest may be to learn how public support and public governance is creat­ing youth unemployment too. This is neither a novelty - except for a truism: it offers another oppor­tunity to consider what professionals are accepting, and what they should not accept.’ -- Niels Rosendal, European Journal of Social Work‘This book is a manifesto of global social policy. ...Global Youth Unemployment features a strong empirical analysis underpinning its major arguments. With an extensive collection of the worldwide employment data from various sources, Fergusson and Yeates convincingly portrait the characteristics of the youth labor forces and the profiles of endemic YU. The extent of data compilation across the regions and over time is remarkable, illustrating the steady rise of YU globally. ...Fergusson and Yeates also demonstrate their excellent expertise in the historical development of global policies toward YU. ...For social policy scholarship, this book sheds new light on a centuries-old social question by linking (un-)employment with the structural transformations of the global economy, and how the latter adversely impact on the youth cohorts of the Global North and South alike.’ -- Shih-Jiunn Shi, The Developing Economies‘Recommended. The text will serve as a valuable reference, providing extensive data sets while offering an important read for anyone interested in social welfare and contemporary public policy.’ -- S.R. Kahn, CHOICE‘Global Youth Unemployment: History, Governance and Policy by Ross Fergusson and Nicola Yeates is a remarkable book: conceptually rich and empirically epic, it deserves to have a major impact on the study of social policy, and indeed across the social sciences more generally . . . There have been few, if any, books which detail so convincingly and originally the cross-border determinants of youth unemployment. The data presented in the book’s empirical chapter[s] is comprehensive, indeed, almost exhaustive … from a vast array of sources . . . The authors fit the pieces of the puzzle together masterfully . . . Global Youth Unemployment is full of rich and innovative argumentation.’ -- Craig Berry, British Journal of Industrial Relations'Rarely has a study of global youth unemployment so adeptly combined an empirically-grounded scrutiny of its levels and trends, with a conceptually nuanced analysis of its political economy drivers at multiple scales. Fergusson and Yeates make a compelling case for seeing endemic youth unemployment as an issue of grave social injustice-one that supply-side palliative approaches have patently failed to address, and which is in urgent need of integrated employment, social protection and macroeconomic policies backed by a more cohesive system of social and economic governance at the global level.' -- Shahra Razavi, Director of the Social Protection Department, International Labour Organization, Switzerland'This is a timely assessment of a global crisis that has been greatly worsened by the Covid pandemic slump. Youth make up a large percentage of the global precariat, and as the authors convincingly demonstrate, their unemployment has long been huge, with enormous global social and economic consequences. Unless income security can be provided on a worldwide basis there will be justified social unrest.' -- Guy Standing, Professorial Research Associate, SOAS University of London, UK'Youth unemployment, as a social policy and social movement issue, now has its definitive treatment in this magnificent book by Ross Fergusson and Nicola Yeates. Going beyond methodological nationalism it outlines lucidly the causes of endemic youth unemployment on a global scale. It calls for a Global Compact for Youth Employment to address the scandalous fact that nearly half of the world’s unemployed are between 15 and 24 years of age. This is historically grounded, policy relevant, critical analysis at its best.' -- Ronaldo Munck, Professor of Political Sociology, Dublin City University, IrelandTable of ContentsContents: 1. Introduction: globalising endemic youth unemployment 2. Endemic youth unemployment:a social policy issue 3. The global youth labour force 4. Global economic restructuring and youth labour markets 5. Financial crises and endemic youth unemployment 6. Youth unemployment economic crises and human development, 1991–2018 (with Sarah Tipping) 7. Historical origins and early development of global youth unemployment policy, 1919–1979 8. The neo-liberalisation of global youth unemployment policy, 1980–2021 9. Conclusion: towards a global compact for youth employment References Index

Read more less

Book SynopsisA lack of socially determined needs, such as nourishment, education, and healthcare, can become deprivation indicators that are used to measure poverty. Breaking the Poverty Code recognizes that any mismeasurement may provide inaccurate information to policymakers about the extent of poverty in the population, potentially inhibiting the success of policy initiatives moving forward. Advocating for a more objective measurement, Yedith Betzabé Guillén-Fernández reinvents how poverty is presented and defined by exploring methods currently employed by CONEVAL, the institution in charge of applying the official methodology for multidimensional poverty in Mexico. With this context in mind, Yedith argues for the implementation of the ‘Consensual approach’ to inform the ‘Social Rights-based approach’ as a way to update criteria for living standards. Calling for a more holistic conception of poverty that accounts for evolving socioeconomic and technological needs, chapters highlight both British and Latin American scholarship to emphasize the fluidity that must be taken into account when defining poverty. Transcending the Mexican context, this book presents critical sociological observations that fuse the importance of statistical data with the lived realities of impoverished people everywhere.Table of ContentsChapter 1. Introduction Chapter 2. The Consensual Approach and The Social Rights as Converging Views Chapter 3. Measuring Multidimensional Poverty in Mexico Based on Social Consensus Chapter 4. Conclusion

Read more less

Book SynopsisThis authoritative collection, which includes a new introduction surveying the fields, contains key contributions from the comparative literature on the politics of income maintenance policy.In recent years theoretical work has been dominated by Gosta Esping-Andersen's regime theory. This volume demonstrates how that theory, together with arguments on convergence and path-dependency, has been applied to the comparative study of income maintenance policy. It highlights issues about the difference between social insurance and social assistance and about the important differences in the way women and families are treated. The collection looks at the literature that seeks to explain cutbacks, or their absence, highlighting issues about pensions policy.Income Maintenance Policy will be an invaluable source of literature for researchers, students and policymakers alike.Table of ContentsContents Acknowledgements Introduction Michael Hill PART I INCOME MAINTENANCE IN COMPARATIVE PERSPECTIVE: INTRODUCTION 1. Ola Sjöberg (1999), ‘Paying for Social Rights’ 2. Jonathan Bradshaw and Jun-Rong Chen (1997), ‘Poverty in the UK. A Comparison with Nineteen Other Countries’ 3. Adrian Sinfield (1998), ‘Social Protection Versus Tax Benefits’ PART II COMPARATIVE WELFARE STATE THEORY: THE ANALYSIS OF REGIME TYPES 4. Gøsta Esping-Andersen (1997), ‘Hybrid or Unique?: The Japanese Welfare State Between Europe and America’ 5. Frances G. Castles and Deborah Mitchell (1992), ‘Identifying Welfare State Regimes: The Links Between Politics, Instruments and Outcomes’ 6. John Myles (1998), ‘How to Design a “Liberal” Welfare State: A Comparison of Canada and the United States’ 7. Huck-Ju Kwon (1997), ‘Beyond European Welfare Regimes: Comparative Perspectives on East Asian Welfare Systems’ 8. Walter Korpi and Joakim Palme (1998), ‘The Paradox of Redistribution and Strategies of Equality: Welfare State Institutions, Inequality, and Poverty in the Western Countries’ PART III SOCIAL ASSISTANCE, UNEMPLOYMENT AND THE ‘UNDER CLASS’ 9. Ian Gough, Jonathan Bradshaw, John Ditch, Tony Eardley and Peter Whiteford (1997), ‘Social Assistance in OECD Countries’ 10. Martin Seeleib-Kaiser (1995), ‘The Development of Social Assistance and Unemployment Insurance in Germany and Japan’ 11. Jochen Clasen (1999), ‘Beyond Social Security: The Economic Value of Giving Money to Unemployed People’ 12. Kirk Mann (1994), ‘Watching the Defectives: Observers of the Underclass in the USA, Britain and Australia’ PART IV ISSUES ABOUT FAMILY POLICY AND FAMILIST IDEOLOGIES 13. Ann Shola Orloff (1993), ‘Gender and the Social Rights of Citizenship: The Comparative Analysis of Gender Relations and Welfare States’ 14. Diane Sainsbury (1993), ‘Dual Welfare and Sex Segregation of Access to Social Benefits: Income Maintenance Policies in the UK, the US, the Netherlands and Sweden’ 15. Maurizio Ferrera (1996), ‘The “Southern Model” of Welfare in Social Europe’ 16. Clare Ungerson (1995), ‘Gender, Cash and Informal Care: European Perspectives and Dilemmas’ 17. Jonathan Bradshaw, John Ditch, Hilary Holmes and Peter Whiteford (1993), ‘Conclusions’ PART V THE COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF CUTBACKS 18. Mary Daly (1997), ‘Welfare States Under Pressure: Cash Benefits in European Welfare States Over the Last Ten Years’ 19. Peter Taylor-Gooby (1996), ‘Eurosclerosis in European Welfare States: Regime Theory and the Dynamics of Change’ 20. Giuliano Bonoli, Vic George and Peter Taylor-Gooby (1996), ‘Politics Against Convergence? Current Trends in European Social Policy’ 21. Francis G. Castles and Christopher Pierson (1996), ‘A New Convergence? Recent Policy Developments in the United Kingdom, Australia and New Zealand’ PART VI PENSIONS POLICY: FORCES TOWARDS A CONVERGENCE 22. OECD (1988), ‘Summary and Policy Implications’ 23. Roger Beattie and Warren McGillivray (1995), ‘A Risky Strategy: Reflections on the World Bank Report Averting the Old Age Crisis’ 24. Paul Johnson (1999), ‘The Measurement of Social Security Convergence: The Case of European Public Pension Systems Since 1950’ Name Index

Read more less

Book SynopsisThere are estimated to be almost 60 million people living in poverty throughout the European Union. This bleak statistic underlines the value of this important book which explores the nature and extent of poverty and social exclusion in six European countries, namely: Austria, Germany, Greece, Norway, Portugal and the UK. The book focuses on four 'life course' groups who might be considered particularly at risk: young adults, lone parents, the sick and disabled, and the retired.The authors show how poverty is the outcome of the interaction between several factors including education, gender and family structure. They emphasise the importance of distinguishing between poverty and non-monetary measures of deprivation and isolation. Although the poor are more at risk of suffering from deprivation, the authors demonstrate that this relationship is more tenuous than many people suppose. Employing rigorous theoretical and methodological analyses they go on to relate their findings to the policy environment in each of the countries, which were specifically chosen to reflect differing welfare systems. In this way the authors compare the impact of government policy on both the level of poverty and social exclusion, and on who is most at risk of experiencing them.Both statistically and in policy terms this book will be essential reading for students and academics of economics and the social sciences, and policy makers at both the national and European level.Trade Review'The book is an interesting read for those interested in how social exclusion affects European society. It is a book to recommend to those involved in decision making, especially those who think that social problems can simply be resolved with an increase in economic growth. . .' -- European LibraryTable of ContentsContents: Introduction 1. Social Exclusion and the Life Course 2. Poverty, Material Deprivation and Multi-dimensional Disadvantage During Four Life Stages: Evidence from the ECHP 3. Transitions from Youth to Adulthood 4. Lone Parenthood 5. Sickness and Disability 6. Transition into Retirement 7. Patterns of Social Exclusion: Implications for Policy and Research References Index

Read more less

Book SynopsisThe Environmentalism of the Poor has the explicit intention of helping to establish two emerging fields of study - political ecology and ecological economics - whilst also investigating the relations between them.The book analyses several manifestations of the growing 'environmental justice movement', and also of 'popular environmentalism' and the 'environmentalism of the poor', which will be seen in the coming decades as driving forces in the process to achieve an ecologically sustainable society. The author studies, in detail, many ecological distribution conflicts in history and at present, in urban and rural settings, showing how poor people often favour resource conservation. The environment is thus not so much a luxury of the rich as a necessity of the poor. It concludes with the fundamental questions: who has the right to impose a language of valuation and who has the power to simplify complexity? Joan Martinez-Alier combines the study of ecological conflicts and the study of environmental valuation in a totally original approach that will appeal to a wide cross-section of academics, ecologists and environmentalists.Trade Review'This is a wonderful book - rich in empirical detail, full of theoretical insights, offering hope in a bleak world, altogether inspiring. . . a tremendous achievement of having helped to create the disciplines of ecological economics and political ecology, bringing them alive in this book, and making their insights available to the developing worldwide movement for environmental justice.' -- Pat Devine, Environmental Values'Any book by the ecological economist Joan Martinez-Alier is a Big Publishing Event. . . this is a book by a writer who loves his subject, knows it well, respects its history, and is driven by the desire to do justice. These are qualities enough to send you to the bookshop or the library in search of The Environmentalism of the Poor' -- Andrew Dobson, Environment Politics'The book is a worthy and in-depth contribution to debates about political ecology and ecological economics. It should be read by all environmental and ecological economists who wish to make their analysis more relevant.' -- Tim Forsyth, Progress in Development Studies'A marvellous combination of insight, research and activism. . . A must-read for policymakers, practitioners and academics alike, and for anyone concerned with sustainable development, environmentalism or poverty alleviation.' -- Human Ecology JournalTable of ContentsContents: Preface 1. Currents of Environmentalism 2. Ecological Economics: ‘Taking Nature into Account’ 3. Indices of (Un) Sustainability, and Neo-Malthusianism 4. Political Ecology: The Study of Ecological Distribution Conflicts 5. Mangroves Versus Shrimps 6. The Environmentalism of the Poor: Gold, Oil, Forests, Rivers, Biopiracy 7. Indicators of Urban Unsustainability as Indicators of Social Conflict 8. Environmental Justice in the United States and South Africa 9. The State and Other Actors 10. The Ecological Debt 11. On the Relations between Political Ecology and Ecological Economics Bibliography Index

Read more less

Book SynopsisIn this book, a group of distinguished authors addresses three broad questions: what broad strategies and macroeconomic policies best support poverty reduction efforts in Asia; what role should targeted antipoverty interventions play, and how should such interventions be designed; and how is poverty measured, what new approaches are needed, and how does measurement affect our understanding of poverty. Each of these three broad themes is also considered together in chapters examining the poverty situations in a number of countries in Asia and the Pacific.The book represents a major scholarly contribution of the Asian Development Bank to the literature on poverty in the region it serves. The organization adopted poverty reduction as the principal objective of its lending in 1999. This book will be of interest to scholars and students of development economics and Asian studies, and will be useful reading for policymakers and development practitioners working in national, international or nongovernmental organizations.A Joint Publication with the Asian Development BankTrade Review'The edited collection presents thoughtful and up-to-date analyses that significantly improve our understanding of poverty in Asia, both from a theoretical and empirical standpoint.' -- Ugo Pica Ciamarra, Progress in Development Studies'This is a rich collection of papers by distinguished authors. . . this book clearly contributes to the empirical understanding of poverty in Asia, and can spur debate and better understanding in designing poverty reduction strategies in Asia. It will certainly be important reading for policymakers and scholars of development economics and Asian studies.' -- Vivi Alatas, Bulletin of Indonesian Economic StudiesTable of ContentsContents: Foreword by Tadao Chino Introduction Part I: The Macroeconomy, Globalization, and Pro-Poor Growth 1. Marginalization in a Globalizing World: Some Plausible Scenarios and Suggestions for Measurement 2. Balanced Development: An Approach to Development Policy and Priorities 3. Poverty Analysis and Measurement within a General Equilibrium Framework 4. Macroeconomic Policies and Poverty Reduction: Stylized Facts and an Overview of Research Part II: Targeting Urban or Industrial Sectors 5. New Technologies, Competitiveness, and Poverty Reduction 6. Use of Information Technology for Poverty Reduction: A Case Study of Efforts in the Indian State of Andhra Pradesh 7. Small and Medium Enterprise Development in Equitable Growth and Poverty Alleviation Part III: New Developments and Issues in Poverty Measurement 8. Poverty Lines: Eight Countries’ Experiences and the Issue of Specificity and Consistency 9. Poverty Comparison in the Philippines: Is What We Know About the Poor Robust? 10. Assessing the Poverty Impact of Policy- and Sector-Based Lending Part IV: Country Studies 11. Pathways of Poverty Reduction: Rural Development and Transmission Mechanisms in the Philippines 12. Structural Adjustment, Macroeconomic Policies, and Poverty Trends in Pakistan 13. The Poverty Situation and Policy in Sri Lanka 14. Pacific Islands: Is Poverty an Issue? 15. Opening Doors to More Inclusive Societies: The Case of the Pacific Island Countries Index

Read more less

Book SynopsisThere are estimated to be almost 60 million people living in poverty throughout the European Union. This bleak statistic underlines the value of this important book which explores the nature and extent of poverty and social exclusion in six European countries, namely: Austria, Germany, Greece, Norway, Portugal and the UK. The book focuses on four 'life course' groups who might be considered particularly at risk: young adults, lone parents, the sick and disabled, and the retired.The authors show how poverty is the outcome of the interaction between several factors including education, gender and family structure. They emphasise the importance of distinguishing between poverty and non-monetary measures of deprivation and isolation. Although the poor are more at risk of suffering from deprivation, the authors demonstrate that this relationship is more tenuous than many people suppose. Employing rigorous theoretical and methodological analyses they go on to relate their findings to the policy environment in each of the countries, which were specifically chosen to reflect differing welfare systems. In this way the authors compare the impact of government policy on both the level of poverty and social exclusion, and on who is most at risk of experiencing them.Both statistically and in policy terms this book will be essential reading for students and academics of economics and the social sciences, and policy makers at both the national and European level.Trade Review'The book is an interesting read for those interested in how social exclusion affects European society. It is a book to recommend to those involved in decision making, especially those who think that social problems can simply be resolved with an increase in economic growth. . .' -- European LibraryTable of ContentsContents: Introduction 1. Social Exclusion and the Life Course 2. Poverty, Material Deprivation and Multi-dimensional Disadvantage During Four Life Stages: Evidence from the ECHP 3. Transitions from Youth to Adulthood 4. Lone Parenthood 5. Sickness and Disability 6. Transition into Retirement 7. Patterns of Social Exclusion: Implications for Policy and Research References Index

Read more less

Book SynopsisThroughout their lifetime, men and women are subject to a wide variety of risks, such as illness, accident, death, or less directly, unemployment, crop failure, loss of property, disability, business failure, and skill obsolescence.This book investigates the relationships between rural poverty, risk, and development. Building upon the author's work in the area, it summarises the contributions of recent theoretical and empirical work to our understanding of how risk affects rural poverty levels in developing countries. In particular the book examines what we do and do not know about risk coping strategies among today's poor rural societies. Ways in which these strategies may be re-examined and improved by governments and international organisations are proposed.Rural Poverty, Risk and Development is an important contribution to the development literature and should be read by anyone interested in exploring the causes of and solutions to poverty in rural areas.Trade Review'The book is very rigorous and follows a logical sequence. It will no doubt become the reference book on rural poverty, risk and development with the most relevant references of the literature, and extensive mathematical modeling where possible. Indeed, the book is a masterly review of risks facing the rural poor and it comes very timely with the renewed emphasis by donors and governments on rural poverty alleviation.'Table of ContentsContents: Preface 1. Introduction 2. Risk and Poverty 3. The Risk Coping Strategies of the Rural Poor 4. The Limits to Risk Coping 5. Risk and Inequality 6. Risk and Development 7. Conclusion Bibliography Index

Read more less

Book SynopsisThis book focuses on the effects of welfare state arrangements on the dynamics of poverty in Europe. The author contends that the EU is primarily based on economic integration and as a result social policy issues have remained secondary considerations. The question of whether or not there is a role for the EU to play in social policy is answered in Didier Fouarge's investigation of the constructive and restrictive characteristics of subsidiarity.Using long-running panel data from three distinctive EU welfare states (the Netherlands, Germany and Great Britain), as well as data from the European Community Household Panel, the author analyses the determinants of long-term poverty and the processes underlying poverty transitions. At the individual level, labour market participation and human capital turn out to be important determinants. However, even in the long run most redistribution results from social protection transfers. The book demonstrates that social protection, far from being just a financial burden to the economy, can be seen as a productive factor. The findings endorse active policies aimed at human capital formation as a way to meet Europe's future economic and social challenges.Providing an economic framework in which to understand the productive effects of social protection, this book will be invaluable to researchers, academics and students with an interest in economics, sociology and political science. Its analysis of the performance of national and European policies will also ensure the book's appeal to governmental institutions and policymakers.Table of ContentsContents: 1. Introduction: Poverty, Subsidiarity and the European Union 2. The Concept of Subsidiarity 3. Subsidiarity in Economics 4. European Welfare Regimes and Poverty 5. Income Redistribution and Poverty in Three European Welfare States 6. The Dynamics of Poverty 7. Social Europe: Fiscal Competition or Co-ordination? 8. Poverty in Europe: Which Way to Go Now? Appendices Appendix 1: A Simple Insurance Model Appendix 2: Description of the Data Appendix 3: Measuring Inequality Appendix 4: Model for Poverty Profiles References Index

Read more less

Book SynopsisMost governments attempt to target resources directly at the poor through a variety of measures including food and credit subsidies, job creation schemes and basic health and education projects. These measures are usually classified as being either promotional (to help raise welfare in the long term), or protectional (to support the poor in times of adverse shocks). However, for many Asian countries the reality of these poverty targeting measures has proved disappointing. Following a comprehensive overview by the editor, this book offers a detailed assessment of the results of directly channelling resources to the poor and extensively discusses the experience of five Asian countries - India, Indonesia, the People's Republic of China, the Philippines and Thailand. The authors demonstrate how in many cases these targeting measures have failed due to their high cost and errors of both undercoverage (where many of the poor are excluded) and leakage (when many of the better-off also benefit from these schemes). The authors conclude that whilst poverty targeting remains a critically important objective, past targeting errors must not be forgotten and improved methods of both identifying and reaching the poor must be implemented. Written by leading experts in the field and including analysis of original country surveys, this seminal text documents clearly the operation and success of aid schemes in Asia. This book will make a worthy addition to the literature on development, poverty reduction, social welfare and Asian studies. It will also be an important source of reference for academics and students of economic development, aid practitioners, government officials and development NGOs.Trade Review'This book is a "must read" for researchers and students interested in poverty, poverty reduction, social welfare and development. It provides systematic and comparative studies on the design features, achievements and problems of targeting, set against specific national contexts. The economic focus of the analysis is balanced with sections on the political economy of targeting and management aspects (administrative systems and incentives). While the considerable variations between targeting mechanisms, schemes and contexts demonstrate the difficulties of blanket policy prescriptions, the book presents a fascinating conclusion. Rather than continuing the debate about universal versus targeted approaches, it proposes that a mixed approach might be best: the "broad" targeting of basic services such as primary education and health care combined with the "narrow" targeting of social protection schemes for the very poor.' -- David Hulme, University of Manchester, UKTable of ContentsContents: Preface Maps 1. Experiences with Poverty Targeting in Asia: An Overview John Weiss 2. Poverty Targeting in India Pradeep Srivastava 3. Poverty Targeting in Indonesia Ari A. Perdana and John Maxwell 4. Poverty Targeting in the People’s Republic of China Wang Sangui 5. Poverty Targeting in Thailand Peter Warr and Isra Sarntisart 6. Poverty Targeting in the Philippines Arsenio Balisacan and Rosemarie Edillon 7. Micro-finance and Poverty Reduction in Asia John Weiss, Heather Montgomery and Elvira Kurmanalieva Index

Read more less

Book SynopsisGlobalization provokes both excitement and fear. This comprehensive collection, which brings together some of the most important published work on the subject, addresses a core issue of contention: the implications of globalization for poverty and inequality. While the debate is highly politicized, this insightful set of papers focuses on the contributions made by academic economists. Globalization may be regarded by some as the realization of new opportunities through the removal of barriers to the flows of goods, services, factors and knowledge. However, it may also have adverse consequences: notably for farmers and unskilled workers in rich countries and for workers in protected industries in poor countries. In addition, this important collection investigates the implications of globalization for the power of international corporations and for the sovereignty of poor countries. It also explores topics such as the history of globalization, migration, capital movements and international institutions.Trade Review‘I wholeheartedly recommend the collection by Collier and Gunning.’Table of ContentsContents: Volume I: What Has Happened? Acknowledgements Introduction Paul Collier and Jan Willem Gunning PART I HISTORY OF GLOBALIZATION 1. Robert E. Lucas, Jr. (2003), ‘The Industrial Revolution: Past and Future’ 2. Jeffrey G. Williamson (2005), ‘Winners and Losers Over Two Centuries of Globalization’ 3. Paul Collier and David Dollar (2002), ‘The New Wave of Globalization and its Economic Effects’ PART II IMPACT ON POVERTY AND INEQUALITY 4. Ravi Kanbur (2001), ‘Economic Policy, Distribution and Poverty: The Nature of Disagreements’ A Global Poverty 5. François Bourguignon and Christian Morrisson (2002), ‘Inequality Among World Citizens: 1820–1992’ 6. Martin Ravallion (2004), ‘Competing Concepts of Inequality in the Globalization Debate’ 7. Shaohua Chen and Martin Ravallion (2004), ‘How Have the World’s Poorest Fared Since the Early 1980s?’ B International Convergence or Divergence? 8. Lant Pritchett (1997), ‘Divergence, Big Time’ 9. Branko Milanovic (2002), ‘True World Income Distribution, 1988 and 1993: First Calculations Based on Household Surveys Alone’ C Regional Convergence or Divergence? 10. Dan Ben-David (1993), ‘Equalizing Exchange: Trade Liberalization and Income Convergence’ 11. Anthony J. Venables (2003), ‘Winners and Losers from Regional Integration Agreements’ D Domestic Inequality and Poverty 12. David Dollar and Aart Kraay (2002), ‘Growth is Good for the Poor’ 13. Martin Ravallion (2001), ‘Growth, Inequality and Poverty: Looking Beyond the Averages’ 14. Howard L.M. Nye and Sanjay G. Reddy (2002), ‘Dollar and Kraay on Trade, Growth and Poverty: A Critique’ 15. Edward Anderson (2005), ‘Openness and Equality in Developing Countries: A Review of Theory and Recent Evidence’ E Country Perspectives 16. Ravi Kanbur and Xiaobo Zhang (2005), ’Fifty Years of Regional Inequality in China: A Journey Through Central Planning, Reform, and Openness’ 17. Arvind Panagariya (2004), ‘India’s Trade Reform’ 18. Norman Loayza, Pablo Fajnzylber and César Caldéron (2005), ‘Economic Growth in Latin America and the Caribbean: Stylized Facts, Explanations and Forecasts’ 19. Paul Collier and Jan Willem Gunning (1999), ‘Why Has Africa Grown Slowly?’ Name Index Volume II: What Are the Channels of Transmission? Acknowledgements An introduction by the editors to all three volumes appears in Volume I 1. Howard Pack (1994), ‘Endogenous Growth Theory: Intellectual Appeal and Empirical Shortcomings’ 2. Mancur Olson, Jr. (1996), ‘Big Bills Left on the Sidewalk: Why Some Nations Are Rich, and Others Poor’ PART I TRADE IN GOODS 3. Paul Krugman and Anthony J. Venables (1995), ‘Globalization and the Inequality of Nations’ 4. Adrian Wood and Kersti Berge (1997), ‘Exporting Manufactures: Human Resources, Natural Resources and Trade Policy’ A Effect in Developing Countries 5. Francisco Rodríguez and Dani Rodrik (2000), ‘Trade Policy and Economic Growth: A Skeptics Guide to the Cross-National Evidence’ 6. Andrew Berg and Anne Krueger (2003), ‘Trade, Growth and Poverty – A Selective Survey’ 7. L. Alan Winters, Neil McCulloch and Andrew McKay (2004), ‘Trade Liberalization and Poverty: The Evidence So Far’ 8. Aart Kraay (1999), ‘Exports and Economic Performance: Evidence from a Panel of Chinese Enterprises’ 9. Arne Bigsten, Paul Collier, Stefan Dercon, Marcel Fafchamps, Bernard Gauthier, Jan Willem Gunning, Abena Oduro, Remco Oostendorp, Catherine Pattillo, Måns Söderbom, Francis Teal and Albert Zeufack (2004), ‘Do African Manufacturing Firms Learn from Exporting?’ B Effect in Developed Countries 10. Robert C. Feenstra and Gordon H. Hanson (1999), ‘The Impact of Outsourcing and High-Technology Capital on Wages: Estimates for the United States, 1979–1990’ PART II MIGRATION 11. Jeffrey G. Williamson (2004), The Political Economy of World Mass Migration: Comparing Two Global Centuries 12. L. Alan Winters, Terrie L. Walmsley, Zhen Kun Wang and Roman Grynberg (2003), ‘Liberalising Temporary Movement of Natural Persons: An Agenda for the Development Round’ 13. Maurice Schiff (2005), ‘Brain Gain: Claims About Its Size and Impact on Welfare and Growth Are Greatly Exaggerated’ PART III CAPITAL MOVEMENTS 14. Lemma W. Senbet (2001), ‘Global Financial Crisis: Implications for Africa’ 15. Barry Eichengreen, Ricardo Hausmann and Ugo Panizza (2003), ‘Currency Mismatches, Debt Intolerance, and Original Sin: Why They Are Not the Same and Why it Matters’ 16. Paul Collier, Anke Hoeffler and Catherine Pattillo (2001), ‘Flight Capital as a Portfolio Choice’ 17. E. Borensztein, J. De Gregorio and J.-W. Lee (1998), ‘How Does Direct Foreign Investment Affect Economic Growth?’ Name Index Volume III: Policy Responses Acknowledgements An introduction by the editors to all three volumes appears in Volume I PART I DOMESTIC 1. Dani Rodrik (1998), ‘Why Do More Open Economies Have Bigger Governments?’ PART II STANDARDS 2. T.N. Srinivasan (1996), ‘International Trade and Labor Standards From an Economic Perspective’ 3. Kathleen Beegle, Rajeev H. Dehejia and Roberta Gatti (2005), ‘Child Labour, and Agricultural Shocks’ 4. Drusilla K. Brown, Alan V. Deardorff and Robert M. Stern (2003), ‘The Effects of Multinational Production on Wages and Working Conditions in Developing Countries’ 5. Jagdish Bhagwati and T.N. Srinivasan (1996), ‘Trade and the Environment: Does Environmental Diversity Detract from the Case for Free Trade?’ PART III INTERNATIONAL INSTITUTIONS A Aid and Debt 6. Paul Collier and David Dollar (2002), ‘Aid Allocation and Poverty Reduction’ 7. Catherine Pattillo, Hélène Poirson and Luca Ricci (2004), ‘Through What Channels Does External Debt Affect Growth?’ 8. Seema Jayachandran and Michael Kremer (2006), ‘Odious Debt’ B IMF and Structural Adjustment 9. David E. Sahn and Stephen D. Younger (2004), ‘Growth and Poverty Reduction in Sub-Saharan Africa: Macroeconomic Adjustment and Beyond’ 10. Paul Collier and Jan Willem Gunning (1999), ‘The IMF’s Role in Structural Adjustment’ 11. Joseph E. Stiglitz (1999), ‘Beggar Thy-Self Versus Beggar-Thy-Neighbour Policies: The Dangers of Intellectual Incoherence in Addressing the Global Financial Crisis’ 12. Dani Rodrik (1998), ‘Who Needs Capital-Account Convertibility?’ C WTO 13. Paul Collier (2006), ‘Why the WTO is Deadlocked: And What Can Be Done About It’ 14. Michael Kremer (2002), ‘Pharmaceuticals and the Developing World’ D Global Public Goods 15. Scott Barrett (2003), ‘Global Disease Eradication’ 16. Sir Anthony B. Atkinson (2007), ‘Innovative Sources for Development Finance: Global Public Economics’ Name Index

Read more less

Book SynopsisPoverty Strategies in Asia is an examination of a wide range of measures aimed at reducing poverty in the region.It is widely recognized that while high and sustained economic growth is critical for poverty reduction, there are other policy interventions that may also be significant in a 'growth plus' approach to poverty reduction. This volume brings together a series of case studies on the poverty impact of alternative interventions in a broad range of Asian economies. The measures examined within the book cover trade liberalization both in general and in a specific market, infrastructure investment (particularly in roads), population policies, cash transfers, microfinance, employment guarantee programs and contract farming. The countries covered include the Philippines, Lao PDR, Pakistan, India and Thailand. While the results illustrated by the contributors are mixed, they demonstrate the potential for further progress in poverty reduction.This latest joint publication by the ADBI and Edward Elgar Publishing will be warmly welcomed by scholars and researchers of Asian studies and development. Professional economists within international and bilateral development agencies and policymakers will also find much to engage them.Trade Review'. . . the volume makes interesting reading. . . The language of the text is indeed lucid and the organization of the materials could not have been better.' -- Arup Mitra, The Developing Economies'This is an important book making a convincing case that structural elements are of crucial importance in filtering the impact of growth on poverty. A successful development strategy needs to address these structural elements at the country level and modify them in order to take greater advantage of the potential benefits of globalization in reducing poverty.' -- Erik Thorbecke, Cornell University, US'This volume makes an important contribution to our understanding of the complex relationship between economic growth and poverty reduction. The focus on assessing the impact of specific poverty-reduction interventions at the disaggregated, case-study level marks an important and welcome departure from the standard approach to research in this area . . . researchers and practitioners working in the field of poverty reduction and development in Asia and beyond will find much to interest them in this stimulating and informative volume.' -- Colin Kirkpatrick, University of Manchester, UKTable of ContentsContents: Foreword Peter McCawley 1. Poverty Strategies in Asia: Growth Plus Haider A. Khan and John Weiss 2. Macro-Modeling of Poverty and the Dual–Dual Model Haider A. Khan 3. Rice Market Reform and Poverty in the Philippines Caesar B. Cororaton 4. Infrastructure and Poverty: Cross-Country Evidence Hossein Jalilian and John Weiss 5. Roads and Poverty Reduction in Lao PDR Peter Warr 6. Poverty, Vulnerability and Family Size: Evidence from the Philippines Aniceto C. Orbeta Jr 7. Poverty Targeting in Pakistan: The Role of Zakat and the Lady Health Worker Program G.M. Arif 8. Serving the Poorest of the Poor: The Poverty Impact of the Khushhali Bank’s Microfinance Lending in Pakistan Heather Montgomery 9. The Role of Community Preferences in Targeting the Rural Poor: Evidence from Uttar Pradesh Pradeep Srivastava 10. Contract Farming and Poverty Reduction: The Case of Organic Rice Contract Farming in Thailand Sununtar Setboonsarng, PingSun Leung and Junning Cai Index

Read more less

Book SynopsisMost governments attempt to target resources directly at the poor through a variety of measures including food and credit subsidies, job creation schemes and basic health and education projects. These measures are usually classified as being either promotional (to help raise welfare in the long term), or protectional (to support the poor in times of adverse shocks). However, for many Asian countries the reality of these poverty targeting measures has proved disappointing. Following a comprehensive overview by the editor, this book offers a detailed assessment of the results of directly channelling resources to the poor and extensively discusses the experience of five Asian countries - India, Indonesia, the People's Republic of China, the Philippines and Thailand. The authors demonstrate how in many cases these targeting measures have failed due to their high cost and errors of both undercoverage (where many of the poor are excluded) and leakage (when many of the better-off also benefit from these schemes). The authors conclude that whilst poverty targeting remains a critically important objective, past targeting errors must not be forgotten and improved methods of both identifying and reaching the poor must be implemented. Written by leading experts in the field and including analysis of original country surveys, this seminal text documents clearly the operation and success of aid schemes in Asia. This book will make a worthy addition to the literature on development, poverty reduction, social welfare and Asian studies. It will also be an important source of reference for academics and students of economic development, aid practitioners, government officials and development NGOs.Trade Review'This book is a "must read" for researchers and students interested in poverty, poverty reduction, social welfare and development. It provides systematic and comparative studies on the design features, achievements and problems of targeting, set against specific national contexts. The economic focus of the analysis is balanced with sections on the political economy of targeting and management aspects (administrative systems and incentives). While the considerable variations between targeting mechanisms, schemes and contexts demonstrate the difficulties of blanket policy prescriptions, the book presents a fascinating conclusion. Rather than continuing the debate about universal versus targeted approaches, it proposes that a mixed approach might be best: the "broad" targeting of basic services such as primary education and health care combined with the "narrow" targeting of social protection schemes for the very poor.' -- David Hulme, University of Manchester, UKTable of ContentsContents: Preface Maps 1. Experiences with Poverty Targeting in Asia: An Overview John Weiss 2. Poverty Targeting in India Pradeep Srivastava 3. Poverty Targeting in Indonesia Ari A. Perdana and John Maxwell 4. Poverty Targeting in the People’s Republic of China Wang Sangui 5. Poverty Targeting in Thailand Peter Warr and Isra Sarntisart 6. Poverty Targeting in the Philippines Arsenio Balisacan and Rosemarie Edillon 7. Micro-finance and Poverty Reduction in Asia John Weiss, Heather Montgomery and Elvira Kurmanalieva Index

Read more less

Book SynopsisOne of the most notable changes in the world economy during the past three decades has been the diverging trends in the growth of the developing countries. Compared to East Asian countries that have integrated well into the global economy, those of Sub-Saharan Africa have remained stagnant and have become the world's least developed area. The policies and programmes of international organizations have failed to improve the situation while the global economy becomes dominated by trans-national corporations. A review of the suitability of globalization as an economic strategy for these under-developed countries is therefore needed. Focusing on the impact of globalization and on the constraints imposed by the changes in the world's production and trade, this book examines the opportunities open to the least developed countries as they design their strategies to accelerate growth and alleviate poverty. As the world's awareness of issues concerning globalization grows, this study will provide valuable insights.Table of ContentsI: Diverging Views on Globalization II: Globalization and the Marginalization of the Least Developed Countries III: Has Globalization been "Pro-Poor"? IV: Have the Policies of Economic Development been "Pro-Poor"? V: Trade and Growth Policies for Poverty Reduction: The Lessons of the "East Asian Miracle" for the LDCs VI: Will Africa be Left Behind? a: Appendices: a.1: The Impact of Off-shoring and the Transfer of Capital from Developed to Developing Countries: A Diagrammatic Illustration a.2: The Saving Trap and the Big Push: The Theory and its Traps

Read more less

Book SynopsisDramatic increases in food prices, as witnessed on a global scale in recent years, threaten the food security of hundreds of millions of the rural poor in Sub-Saharan Africa alone. This book focuses on recent food and financial crises as they have affected Africa, illustrating the problems using country case studies, that cover their origins, effects on agriculture and rural poverty, their underlying factors and making recommendations as to how such crises could best be addressed in the future.Table of Contents1: Africa's Dual Crises: The Food and Financial Crises and their Effects in Sub-Saharan Africa-Introduction and Overview 2: The Global Food and Financial Crises and the Poor in Africa 3: Food Prices and Economic Crises: Causes and Consequences for Food Security in Developing Countries 4: Future Challenges for the World Food Economy and Sub-Saharan Africa: Major Environmental and Socioeconomic Drivers of Change 5: Here We Go Again: The Abiding Structure of Financial Crisis- And What To Do about It 6: The Food and Financial Crises and Complex Derivatives: A Tale of High Stakes Innovation and Diversification 7: Agricultural Productivity in Sub-Saharan Africa 8: Are Staple Foods Becoming More Expensive for Urban Consumers in Eastern and Southern Africa? Trends in Food Prices, Marketing Margins and Wage Rates in Kenya, Malawi, Mozambique, and Zambia 9: The Short-Term Impact of the 2008 Food Price Shock on Poverty in Uganda 10: The Likely Impact of Food Price Increases on Nutritionally Vulnerable Households in South Africa 11: Africa's Turnaround: From Crisis to Opportunity in African Agriculture 12: The Role of Public Policies and Policy Makers in Africa: Responding to Global Economic Crises 13: Lessons of the Food and Financial Crises: Renewing Sub-Saharan Africa's Commitment to Food Security and Economic Growth

Read more less

Book SynopsisThe importance of agricultural growth to poverty reduction is well known, but the specific channels through which the poor can take advantage of growth require further research. Beyond Food Production takes on this challenge, investigating four important channels: rural labor markets, farm incomes, food prices, and linkages to other economic sectors. Using six developing country cases, this study elucidates the mechanisms linking agriculture growth to economic development and the wellbeing of the poor. The evidence shows that governments should view the sector's contribution in wider terms, recognizing both its interaction with other economic sectors, and that labor markets and trade policies can play a critical role in mediating agriculture's impact on poor households' incomes. To achieve effective rural poverty strategies the book calls for a broad economy-wide perspective on the role of agriculture in the overall growth process.This book will be of great interest to students of international agricultural development as well as economists and professionals serving in international development organizations.Trade Review'The book is an important contribution to understanding the nature of the linkages that could help agricultural growth reduce poverty in developing countries. . . The findings will be helpful for development planning in the future.' -- Frithjof Kuhnen, Quarterly Journal of International AgricultureTable of ContentsContents: PART I: SYNTHESIS AND THEORETICAL BACKGROUND 1. The Role of Agriculture in Poverty Reduction: A Synthesis of the Country Case Studies Fabrizio Bresciani and Alberto Valdés 2. Agricultural Growth and Poverty Reduction Ramón López PART II: COUNTRY CASE STUDIES 3. Chile Ramón López and Gustavo Anríquez 4. Mexico Isidro Soloaga and Mario Torres 5. India Manoj Panda 6. Indonesia Sudarno Sumarto and Asep Suryahadi 7. Ghana Ramatu M. Al-Hassan and John Baptist D. Jatoe 8. South Africa Johann Kirsten, Julian May, Sheryl Hendriks, Mike Lyne, Charles L. Machethe and Cecilia Punt Index

Read more less

Book SynopsisFor a long time in-work poverty was not associated with European welfare states. Recently, the topic has gained relevance as welfare state retrenchment and international competition in globalized economies has put increasing pressures on individuals and families. This book provides explanations as to why in-work poverty is high in certain countries and low in others.Much of the present concern about the working poor has to do with recent changes in labour market policies in Europe. However, this book is not primarily about low pay. Instead, it questions whether gainful employment is sufficient to earn a living - both for oneself and for one's family members. There are, however, great differences between European countries. This book argues that the incidence and structure of the working poor cannot be understood without a thorough understanding of each country's institutional context. This includes the system of wage-setting, the level of decommodification provided by the social security system and the structure of families and households. Combining cross-country studies with in-depth analyses from a national perspective, the book reveals that in-work poverty in Europe is a diverse, multi-faceted phenomenon occurring in equally diverse institutional, economic and socio-demographic settings.With its rich detail and conclusions, this genuinely comparative study will be of interest to academics and researchers of labour and welfare economics, social policy and European studies as well as to policy advisers.Trade Review'The book provides important findings on the link between institutions and in-work poverty. The volume makes a significant contribution to this strand of literature as evidence on cross-country differences is scarce. The combination of case studies and comparative quantitative investigations is an interesting approach.' -- Annekatrin Niebuhr, Papers in Regional Science'This data-rich book explores the causes of in-work poverty in Europe. . . The balanced provision of theoretical insights and strong empirical support will prove useful to poverty scholars and policymakers alike.' -- Contemporary Sociology'A book on in-work poverty could not be timelier. . . At a time when many of the working poor are likely to become the non-working poor this book is a must-read.' -- Zoe Irving, Journal of Social Policy'This volume represents a valuable contribution to debates on welfare states, public policy, poverty and social exclusion. It is an empirically rich and analytically robust comparative collection, highlighting the variations between and contradictions of in-work poverty across Europe.' -- Patricia Kennett, University of Bristol, UKTable of ContentsContents: Introduction: The Working Poor in Europe Hans-Jürgen Andreß and Henning Lohmann PART I: COMPARATIVE ISSUES 1. The Different Faces of In-Work Poverty Across Welfare State Regimes Henning Lohmann and Ive Marx 2. The Working Poor in European Welfare States: Empirical Evidence from a Multilevel Perspective Henning Lohmann PART II: COUNTRY CHAPTERS 3. When Famialism Fails: The Nature and Causes of In-Work Poverty in Belgium Ive Marx and Gerlinde Verbist 4. The Different Roles of Low-wage Work in Germany: Regional, Demographical and Temporal Variances in the Poverty Risk of Low-paid Workers Marco Gießelmann and Henning Lohmann 5. The Silent Transformation of the Dutch Welfare State and the Rise of In-Work Poverty Erik Snel, Jan de Boom and Godfried Engbersen 6. In-Work Poverty in a Transitional Labour Market: Sweden, 1988–2003 Björn Halleröd and Daniel Larsson 7. “Much Ado About Nothing?” Institutional Framework and Empirical Findings on the Working Poor Phenomenon in Finland from 1995 to 2005 Ilpo Airio, Susan Kuivalainen and Mikko Niemelä 8. Two Countries in One: The Working Poor in Italy Ferruccio Biolcati-Rinaldi and Federico Podestà 9. Is Work a Route Out of Poverty: What Have New Labour’s Welfare-to-Work Measures Meant for the Working Poor in Britain? Sara Connolly 10. Low Pay and Household Poverty During Ireland’s Economic Boom Brian Nolan PART III: SUMMARY AND CONCLUSION 11. Combating In-Work Poverty in Europe: The Policy Options Assessed Ive Marx and Gerlinde Verbist 12. Explaining In-Work Poverty Within and Across Countries Henning Lohmann and Hans-Jürgen Andreß Index

Read more less

Book SynopsisUrban poverty is an emerging problem. This book explores the household and neighbourhood factors that lead to both the generation and continuance of urban poverty in China. It is argued that the urban Chinese are not a homogenous social group, but combine laid-off workers and rural migrants, resulting in stark contrasts between migrant and workers' neighbourhoods and villages.The expert authors examine the new urban poor in China and the dynamics of their poor neighbourhoods, highlighting both household experience and neighbourhood changes affecting the urban poor. Urban Poverty in China is based upon a comprehensive household survey in six Chinese cities and provides insights into microscopic and neighbourhood-level poverty dynamics. The comprehensive study explores the spatial implications such as concentration of poverty as well as the differentiation within poor neighbourhoods.This informative book tells an insightful story about evolving urban poverty in Chinese cities that will be invaluable to researchers and postgraduate students within urban studies, geography, social policy and development studies as well as Chinese and Asian studies. It will also prove to be an invaluable read for researchers in urban and social development and international development agencies.Trade Review‘The methodology is very rigorous, combining quantitative analysis with fieldwork observation and interviews. The conceptual framework used is clearly thought out and provides unity and coherence to what is a large-scale study. The volume provides a wealth of empirical findings which are always well located within the larger field of studies of urban poverty and urban change. It will no doubt become a benchmark, providing a basis for further studies of how poverty is affecting people in urban settings. . . should prove invaluable both for scholars versed in the study of contemporary China and for those interested in labour politics and urban change in transitional societies.’ -- Eric Florence, Local Economy‘Wow! What a tour de force! This timely, masterly work does everything, from broad empirical comparison to theory, quantitative correlation to case studies of neighborhoods and quotations from individual life histories. Its findings from 25 neighborhoods in six cities demonstrate convincingly that urban destitution is not homogeneous, is concentrated in and generated by location, and has patterned institutional roots that produced varying processes of pauperization. This superb book must put to rest once and for all references to Chinese poverty as a matter of just the rural areas and their residents.’ -- Dorothy J. Solinger, University of California, Irvine, US‘Market reform has brought new forms of poverty to urban China, even while the standard of living of most urban residents has greatly improved. This research uses interviews with people in six cities to document their situation and to show how poverty is rooted in the failure of support systems in their neighborhoods and communities. It offers a stark evaluation of a system of inequalities that is only beginning to be addressed by state policy.’ -- John R. Logan, Brown University, USTable of ContentsContents: Preface 1. China’s New Urban Poverty: An Introduction 2. Poverty Incidence and Determinants 3. Poverty Groups: Livelihood and Trajectories 4. Impoverished Neighbourhoods 5. Poverty Dynamics: Property Rights Perspective Reference Index

Read more less

Book SynopsisSeen through the eyes of parents, mainly mothers, "City survivors" tells the eye-opening story of what it is like to bring up children in troubled city neighbourhoods. The book provides a unique insider view on the impact of neighbourhood conditions on family life and explores the prospects for families from the point of view of equality, integration, schools, work, community, regeneration and public services. "City Survivors" is based on yearly visits over seven years to two hundred families living in four highly disadvantaged city neighbourhoods, two in East London and two in Northern inner and outer city areas. Twenty four families, six from each area, explain over time from the inside, how neighbourhoods in and of themselves directly affect family survival. These twenty four stories convey powerful messages from parents about the problems they want tackled, and the things that would help them. The main themes explored in the book are neighbourhood, community, family, parenting, incomes and locals, the need for civic intervention. The book offers original and in-depth, qualitative evidence in a readable and accessible form that will be invaluable to policy-makers, practitioners, university students, academics and general readers interested in the future of families in cities.Trade Review"Anne Power's illuminating and important book bears witness to the lives of urban families, without whose presence all cities would wither and decline. The parents she interviews describe in detail how noisy, messy, often unsafe environments inform every decision they make about their lives and those of their children. If Power's recommendations, based on interviews with 200 'city survivors', are heeded, families may no longer have to 'survive' the city, but instead will thrive in it." Lynsey Hanley, author of 'Estates: An Intimate History'"..the real strength of this book is its capacity to allow the words of the residents of deprived neighbourhoods to shine through." Urban Geography Research Group, urban-geography.org.uk 2008Table of ContentsIntroduction: city survivors; Neighbourhoods matter: is it the people or the place?; Community matters: survival, instincts in social animals; Families matter: mothers carry the weight; Parenting matters: pushing for kids; Incomers and locals: a shrinking pot?; City survival within precarious communities: who pays the price of change?; Conclusion: cities need families.

Read more less

Book SynopsisSeen through the eyes of parents, mainly mothers, "City survivors" tells the eye-opening story of what it is like to bring up children in troubled city neighbourhoods. The book provides a unique insider view on the impact of neighbourhood conditions on family life and explores the prospects for families from the point of view of equality, integration, schools, work, community, regeneration and public services. "City Survivors" is based on yearly visits over seven years to two hundred families living in four highly disadvantaged city neighbourhoods, two in East London and two in Northern inner and outer city areas. Twenty four families, six from each area, explain over time from the inside, how neighbourhoods in and of themselves directly affect family survival. These twenty four stories convey powerful messages from parents about the problems they want tackled, and the things that would help them. The main themes explored in the book are neighbourhood, community, family, parenting, incomes and locals, the need for civic intervention. The book offers original and in-depth, qualitative evidence in a readable and accessible form that will be invaluable to policy-makers, practitioners, university students, academics and general readers interested in the future of families in cities.Trade Review"Anne Power's illuminating and important book bears witness to the lives of urban families, without whose presence all cities would wither and decline. The parents she interviews describe in detail how noisy, messy, often unsafe environments inform every decision they make about their lives and those of their children. If Power's recommendations, based on interviews with 200 'city survivors', are heeded, families may no longer have to 'survive' the city, but instead will thrive in it." Lynsey Hanley, author of 'Estates: An Intimate History'"..the real strength of this book is its capacity to allow the words of the residents of deprived neighbourhoods to shine through." Urban Geography Research Group, urban-geography.org.uk 2008Table of ContentsIntroduction: city survivors; Neighbourhoods matter: is it the people or the place?; Community matters: survival, instincts in social animals; Families matter: mothers carry the weight; Parenting matters: pushing for kids; Incomers and locals: a shrinking pot?; City survival within precarious communities: who pays the price of change?; Conclusion: cities need families.

Read more less

Book SynopsisWhen New Labour came to power in 1997, its leaders asked for it to be judged after ten years on its success in making Britain 'a more equal society'. As it approaches the end of an unprecedented third term in office, this book asks whether Britain has indeed moved in that direction. The highly successful earlier volume "A more equal society?" was described by Polly Toynbee as "the LSE's mighty judgement on inequality". Now this second volume by the same team of authors provides an independent assessment of the success or otherwise of New Labour's policies over a longer period. It provides: · consideration by a range of expert authors of a broad set of indicators and policy areas affecting poverty, inequality and social exclusion; · analysis of developments up to the third term on areas including income inequality, education, employment, health inequalities, neighbourhoods, minority ethnic groups, children and older people; · an assessment of outcomes a decade on, asking whether policies stood up to the challenges, and whether successful strategies have been sustained or have run out of steam; chapters on migration, social attitudes, the devolved administrations, the new Equality and Human Rights Commission, and future pressures. The book is essential reading for academic and student audiences with an interest in contemporary social policy, as well as for all those seeking an objective account of Labour's achievements in power.Trade Review"If you want a deep and even-handed project to rethink egalitarianism for the current age, turn to Towards a more equal society? ... The academics reporting in this volume have conducted painstaking statistical analysis. There are no cartoons, diverting vignettes or uplifting quotations. But the narrative - cautious, nuanced, understated - is all the more persuasive for that. If we want a fairer society, let us start with the facts." Richard Reeves, The ObserverTable of ContentsIntroduction ~ Kitty Stewart, Tom Sefton and John Hills; Part One: Dimensions of policy outcomes: Poverty, inequality and redistribution ~ Tom Sefton, John Hills and Holly Sutherland; 'A scar on the soul of Britain': child poverty and disadvantage under New Labour ~ Kitty Stewart; Education: New Labour's top priority ~ Ruth Lupton, Natalie Heath, Emma Salter; More equal working lives? An assessment of New Labour policies ~ Abigail McKnight; New Labour and unequal neighbourhoods ~ Anne Power; Health inequalities: a persistent problem ~ Franco Sassi; Pensions and income security in later life ~ Maria Evandrou and Jane Falkingham; Ethnic inequalities: another ten years of the same? ~ Coretta Phillips; Migration, migrants and inequality ~ Jill Rutter and Maria Latorre; Part Two: Cross-cutting issues: Moving in the right direction? Public attitudes to poverty, inequality and redistribution ~ Tom Sefton; Inequality and the devolved administrations: Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland ~ Tania Burchardt and Holly Holder; Poverty, inequality and child well-being in international context: still bottom of the pack? ~ Kitty Stewart; Part Three: The Equality and Human Rights Commission: a new point of departure in the battle against discrimination and disadvantage ~ Polly Vizard; Future pressures: intergenerational links, wealth, demography and sustainability ~ John Hills; Conclusions: Climbing every mountain or retreating from the foothills? ~ John Hills, Tom Sefton and Kitty Stewart.

Read more less

Book SynopsisWhen New Labour came to power in 1997, its leaders asked for it to be judged after ten years on its success in making Britain 'a more equal society'. As it approaches the end of an unprecedented third term in office, this book asks whether Britain has indeed moved in that direction. The highly successful earlier volume "A more equal society?" was described by Polly Toynbee as "the LSE's mighty judgement on inequality". Now this second volume by the same team of authors provides an independent assessment of the success or otherwise of New Labour's policies over a longer period. It provides: · consideration by a range of expert authors of a broad set of indicators and policy areas affecting poverty, inequality and social exclusion; · analysis of developments up to the third term on areas including income inequality, education, employment, health inequalities, neighbourhoods, minority ethnic groups, children and older people; · an assessment of outcomes a decade on, asking whether policies stood up to the challenges, and whether successful strategies have been sustained or have run out of steam; chapters on migration, social attitudes, the devolved administrations, the new Equality and Human Rights Commission, and future pressures. The book is essential reading for academic and student audiences with an interest in contemporary social policy, as well as for all those seeking an objective account of Labour's achievements in power.Trade Review"If you want a deep and even-handed project to rethink egalitarianism for the current age, turn to Towards a more equal society? ... The academics reporting in this volume have conducted painstaking statistical analysis. There are no cartoons, diverting vignettes or uplifting quotations. But the narrative - cautious, nuanced, understated - is all the more persuasive for that. If we want a fairer society, let us start with the facts." Richard Reeves, The ObserverTable of ContentsIntroduction ~ Kitty Stewart, Tom Sefton and John Hills; Part One: Dimensions of policy outcomes: Poverty, inequality and redistribution ~ Tom Sefton, John Hills and Holly Sutherland; 'A scar on the soul of Britain': child poverty and disadvantage under New Labour ~ Kitty Stewart; Education: New Labour's top priority ~ Ruth Lupton, Natalie Heath, Emma Salter; More equal working lives? An assessment of New Labour policies ~ Abigail McKnight; New Labour and unequal neighbourhoods ~ Anne Power; Health inequalities: a persistent problem ~ Franco Sassi; Pensions and income security in later life ~ Maria Evandrou and Jane Falkingham; Ethnic inequalities: another ten years of the same? ~ Coretta Phillips; Migration, migrants and inequality ~ Jill Rutter and Maria Latorre; Part Two: Cross-cutting issues: Moving in the right direction? Public attitudes to poverty, inequality and redistribution ~ Tom Sefton; Inequality and the devolved administrations: Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland ~ Tania Burchardt and Holly Holder; Poverty, inequality and child well-being in international context: still bottom of the pack? ~ Kitty Stewart; Part Three: The Equality and Human Rights Commission: a new point of departure in the battle against discrimination and disadvantage ~ Polly Vizard; Future pressures: intergenerational links, wealth, demography and sustainability ~ John Hills; Conclusions: Climbing every mountain or retreating from the foothills? ~ John Hills, Tom Sefton and Kitty Stewart.

Read more less

Book SynopsisWealth and the wealthy have received relatively little attention from social scientists despite a growing wealth gap. Aimed at a broad social science and public readership, this book draws on new data on wealth to answer the following key questions: What is wealth? Who has got it? Where might we draw a 'wealth line'? Who lies above it? And what might policy do about wealth and the wealthy? Using data sources from the HMRC to the Sunday Times Rich list, this book provides a comprehensive and critical discussion of these issues, and looks at potential policy responses, including 'asset-based' welfare and taxation.Trade Review"Now is the time for a serious social policy analysis of wealth and the wealthy. This illuminating book provides both the data and a clear-sighted discussion of the issues." Jane Millar, University of Bath"A calm and dispassionate introduction to the facts about wealth in Britain, providing essential context for many of the most important and urgent policy debates today." John Hills, Professor of Social Policy, London School of Economics"This thoughtful and far-reaching critical analysis of the 'problem of riches' is a timely contribution to the debate on inequality. It deserves to be widely read." Professor the Baroness (Ruth) Lister of Burtersett, Loughborough UniversityTable of ContentsWhy wealth matters; Why the wealthy matter; What is wealth and who are the wealthy?; The distribution of wealth; The rich, the richer and the richest; Towards a comprehensive policy on assets; Social policy and the wealthy; Conclusions.

Read more less

Book SynopsisWealth and the wealthy have received relatively little attention from social scientists despite a growing wealth gap. Aimed at a broad social science and public readership, this book draws on new data on wealth to answer the following key questions: What is wealth? Who has got it? Where might we draw a 'wealth line'? Who lies above it? And what might policy do about wealth and the wealthy? Using data sources from the HMRC to the Sunday Times Rich list, this book provides a comprehensive and critical discussion of these issues, and looks at potential policy responses, including 'asset-based' welfare and taxation.Trade Review"Now is the time for a serious social policy analysis of wealth and the wealthy. This illuminating book provides both the data and a clear-sighted discussion of the issues." Jane Millar, University of Bath"A calm and dispassionate introduction to the facts about wealth in Britain, providing essential context for many of the most important and urgent policy debates today." John Hills, Professor of Social Policy, London School of Economics"This thoughtful and far-reaching critical analysis of the 'problem of riches' is a timely contribution to the debate on inequality. It deserves to be widely read." Professor the Baroness (Ruth) Lister of Burtersett, Loughborough UniversityTable of ContentsWhy wealth matters; Why the wealthy matter; What is wealth and who are the wealthy?; The distribution of wealth; The rich, the richer and the richest; Towards a comprehensive policy on assets; Social policy and the wealthy; Conclusions.

Read more less

Book SynopsisSocial cohesion is one of the declared objectives of the European Union and, with some 16% of EU citizens at risk of poverty, the need to fight poverty and social exclusion continues as a major challenge. This book provides an in-depth analysis of the EU Social Inclusion Process, the means by which it hopes to meet this objective, and explores the challenges ahead at local, regional, national and EU levels. It sets out concrete proposals for taking the Process forward. The book provides a unique analysis of policy formulation and assessment. Setting out the evolution and current state of EU cooperation in social policy, it examines what can be learned about poverty and social exclusion from the EU commonly agreed indicators. Taking the position of outside, but informed, observers, the authors explore the further development of the common indicators, including the implications of Enlargement, and consider the challenges of advancing the Social Inclusion Process - strengthening policy analysis, embedding the Process in domestic policies and making it more effective. Proposing the setting of targets and restructuring of National Action Plans and their implementation, they emphasise the need for widespread "ownership" of the Process at domestic and EU level and for it to demonstrate significant progress in reducing poverty and social exclusion. The book will be invaluable to academics, students and policy-makers at sub-national, national and EU levels as well as to social partners, and NGOs working towards a more inclusive society.Trade Review"A major strength of the book is its emphasis on new perspectives for research and policy development. ... performs a valuable service in covering so much ground so thoroughly." Journal of Social Policy"... currently the most authoritative account of the evolution of the indicators, their potential for analysis and the areas in which they could be strengthened." Martina Dieckhoff and Duncan Gallie, 'The renewed Lisbon Strategy and social exclusion policy', Industrial Relations Journal 38:6"...this book addresses fundamental principles and policies underpinning our work." British Journal of Social Work "...the most authoritative account of the evolution of the indicators, their potential for analysis and the areas in which they could be strengthened." Industrial Relations JournalTable of ContentsIntroduction: The EU Social Inclusion Process and the key issues; Exploring statistics on poverty and social exclusion in the EU; Strengthening policy analysis; EU indicators for poverty and social exclusion; Taking forward the EU Social Inclusion Process; The EU and Social Inclusion: facing the challenges.

Read more less

Book SynopsisChild poverty is a central and present part of global life, with hundreds of millions of children around the world enduring tremendous suffering and deprivation of their most basic needs. Despite its long history, research on poverty and development has only relatively recently examined the issue of child poverty as a distinct topic of concern. This book brings together theoretical, methodological and policy-relevant contributions by leading researchers on international child poverty. With a preface from Sir Richard Jolly, Former Assistant Secretary General of the United Nations, it examines how child poverty and well-being are now conceptualized, defined and measured, and presents regional and national level portraits of child poverty around the world, in rich, middle income and poor countries. The book's ultimate objective is to promote and influence policy, action and the research agenda to address one of the world's great ongoing tragedies: child poverty, marginalization and inequality.Trade Review"This is an engaging, comprehensive, thoughtful, and thorough collection of evidence, ideas and expertise. It is indispensable in its pooled knowledge and picture of the possibilities for a world able to better tackle the suffering caused needlessly by the persistence of child poverty." Poverty and Public Policy "This substantial volume - 23 chapters - brings together most of the key authors in the field of global childhood poverty research and mulitidimensional management." Laura Camfield, International Migration Review "Global child poverty and well-being is a useful tool for those involved in child poverty research and policy." Journal of Children and Poverty "This is an important and ground-breaking study of an issue which should be of serious concern to every human being on the planet. Alberto Minujin & Shailen Nandy's text needs to be widely and closely read." Lord Puttnam, CBE. "This important book provides a comprehensive and damning indictment of the extent of child poverty across the globe, in rich countries as well as poor. Yet as, argued here, child poverty could be radically reduced and eventually eliminated through appropriate and feasible policies. This book should be read by policy-makers world-wide. " Frances Stewart, Professor Emeritus, University of OxfordTable of ContentsForeword: Unicef, children and child poverty ~ Sir Richard Jolly; Part 1: Framing the debate Introduction ~ Shailen Nandy and Alberto Minujin; Child rights, child survival and child poverty: the debate ~ Simon Pemberton, David Gordon and Shailen Nandy; Equity begins with children ~ Jan Vandemoortele; Part 2: Measurement and methodologies Measuring child poverty and deprivation ~ David Gordon and Shailen Nandy; Beyond headcount: measures that reflect the breadth and components of child poverty ~ Sabina Alkire and Jose Manuel Roche; Defining child poverty in South Africa using the socially perceived necessities approach ~ Helen Barnes and Gemma Wright; Child well-being in the US: a proposal for the development of a 'Tot's Index' using the Human Development conceptual framework ~ Sarah Burd-Sharps, Patrick Guyer, Ted Lechterman and Kirsten Lewis; A snapshot of child well-being in transition countries: exploring new methods for monitoring child well-being ~ Petra Hoelscher, Dominic Richardson and Jonathan Bradshaw; Enhancing the fight against child poverty in the European Union: an EU benchmarking exercise ~ Isabelle Engsted-Maquet; Assessing child well-being in developing countries: making policies work for children ~ Shirley Gatenio-Gabel and Sheila Kamerman; Part 3: Multidimensional child poverty in Tanzania ~ Alberto Minujin and Enrique Delamonica; Multidimensional child poverty in Congo Brazzaville ~ Geranda Notten, Chris de Neurbourg, Bethuel Makosso and Alain Beltran Mpoue; Multidimensional poverty in Vietnam ~ Keetit Roelen and Fanziska Gassman; Multidimensional deprivation among children in Iran ~ Sepideh Yousefzadeh Faal Deghati, Andres Mideros Mora, and Chris de Neubourg; Multidimensional child poverty in Haiti ~ David Gordon, Audrey Lenoel and Shailen Nandy; Multidimensional child poverty in Latin America ~ Ernesto Espinola and Maria Nieves Rico; Changes in child poverty and deprivation in Sub Saharan Africa and South Asia at the end of the 20th century ~ Shailen Nandy; Part 4: Evidence base implications for policy Utopia calling: Eradicating child poverty in the United Kingdom and beyond ~ Ruth Levitas; Continuity and change in poor children's lives: evidence from Young Lives ~ Jo Boyden, Abby Hardgrove and Caroline Knowles; Policy implications of multidimensional poverty measurement in Morocco ~ Hicham Ait Mansour; Making policies work for children living in poverty: reflections from the Global Study on Child Poverty and Disparities ~ Gaspa Fajth, Sharmila Kurukulasuriya and Solrun Engilbertsdottir; Investment in social security: a possible UN model for child benefit ~ Peter Townsend; Conclusions ~ Shailen Nandy and Alberto Minujin.

Read more less

Book SynopsisThis landmark study provides the first comprehensive assessment of the nature and associations between the three main forms of social disadvantage in Australia: poverty, deprivation and social exclusion. Drawing on the author's extensive research expertise and his links with welfare practitioners, it explains the limitations of existing approaches and presents new findings that build on the insights of disadvantaged Australians and views about the essentials of life, providing the basis for a new deprivation-based poverty measure.Trade Review"This book moves us beyond the study of poverty using conventional income measures and introduces a range of other ways of studying poverty, deprivation and exclusion. The ideas and applications have lessons for all those involved in research on poverty and living standards." Jonathan Bradshaw, Professor of Social Policy, University of YorkTable of ContentsIntroduction; Part one: Poverty: Poverty as low income; Beyond low income: Economic resources and poverty; Experiencing poverty: The voices of poverty and disadvantage; Part two: Deprivation: Identifying the essentials of life; Measuring deprivation; A new poverty measure; Part three: Exclusion: Defining social exclusion and the social inclusion agenda; Indicators of exclusion; Part four: Implications: Implications for research and policy.

Read more less

Book SynopsisThis landmark study provides the first comprehensive assessment of the nature and associations between the three main forms of social disadvantage in Australia: poverty, deprivation and social exclusion. Drawing on the author's extensive research expertise and his links with welfare practitioners, it explains the limitations of existing approaches and presents new findings that build on the insights of disadvantaged Australians and views about the essentials of life, providing the basis for a new deprivation-based poverty measure.Trade Review"This book moves us beyond the study of poverty using conventional income measures and introduces a range of other ways of studying poverty, deprivation and exclusion. The ideas and applications have lessons for all those involved in research on poverty and living standards." Jonathan Bradshaw, Professor of Social Policy, University of YorkTable of ContentsIntroduction; Part one: Poverty: Poverty as low income; Beyond low income: Economic resources and poverty; Experiencing poverty: The voices of poverty and disadvantage; Part two: Deprivation: Identifying the essentials of life; Measuring deprivation; A new poverty measure; Part three: Exclusion: Defining social exclusion and the social inclusion agenda; Indicators of exclusion; Part four: Implications: Implications for research and policy.

Read more less

Book SynopsisThis original and topical book tells the untold stories of migrants' experiences of, and responses to, financial exclusion in London. Breaking important new ground, it offers an insight into migrants' lives which is often overlooked, yet is increasingly vital for their broader integration into advanced financialised societies. Adopting a holistic focus, Migrants and their Money investigates migrants' complex financial lives which extend far beyond remittance sending, exploring their banking, saving, credit and debt related practices. It highlights how migrants negotiate the complex financial landscape they encounter and the diverse formal and informal ways in which they manage their money in the financial capital of the world. Drawing upon a rich evidence base, this book will be of particular interest to academics, local authorities, policy makers and the financial services industry.Trade Review“The book will be required reading for both academics and policy makers ... and it should provide an admirable model for other researchers wanting to undertake comparative analyses.” International Migration Review"a thorough and comprehensive consideration of one aspect of what to most academics and researchers are the subterranean lives of migrant workers...it's rich in data on the everyday survival of migrant workers...Datta's book and the research on which it is based are both incredibly 'rigorous' and comprehensive" James Grayson, Independent Researcher"In a research field usually populated by financial centres and elite intermediaries, here at last is a much needed analysis of the financial lives and geographies of low paid migrants in London." Jane Pollard, University of NewcastleTable of ContentsMigrants, money and exclusion; Changing financial landscapes: public policy responses to financial exclusion in the UK; Mapping migrants' financial lives in London; Strategising for banking inclusion; Coping with savings and credit exclusion: alternative practices of reciprocity and trust; Transnational money: the formalisation of migrant remittances; Looking forward: from exclusion to inclusion and back? .

Read more less

Book SynopsisWinner of the British Academy Peter Townsend Prize for 2013 How do men and women get by in times and places where opportunities for standard employment have drastically reduced? Are we witnessing the growth of a new class, the 'Precariat', where people exist without predictability or security in their lives? What effects do flexible and insecure forms of work have on material and psychological well-being? This book is the first of its kind to examine the relationship between social exclusion, poverty and the labour market. It challenges long-standing and dominant myths about ‘the workless’ and ‘the poor’, by exploring close-up the lived realities of life in low-pay, no-pay Britain. Work may be ‘the best route out of poverty’ sometimes but for many people getting a job can be just a turn in the cycle of recurrent poverty – and of long-term churning between low-skilled ‘poor work’ and unemployment. Based on unique qualitative, life-history research with a 'hard-to-reach group' of younger and older people, men and women, the book shows how poverty and insecurity have now become the defining features of working life for many.Trade Review“Based on unique qualitative, life-history research with a `hard-to-reach group’ of younger and older people, men and women, the book shows how poverty and insecurity have now become the defining features of working life for many. An illuminating read” – London School of Economics Review of Books"Its inestimable value is to give a much needed voice to the poor and in doing so begin to challenge the 'old libel' that informs much contemporary policy making." People, Place and Policy"This book is about one important part of the growing precariat, those who have fallen out of old working-class communities. It should make people sad and angry. It is a great corrective to the utilitarian bias exhibited by mainstream politicians. It should be widely read." Professor Guy Standing, author of The Precariat: The New Dangerous Class"The book achieves its aims of providing a thorough insight into life at the foot of the contemporary labour market in a way that is sensitive and empathetic ... This is a good quality publication produced by a research team who between them have done much to increase understanding of the realities of working-class life." Dr David M. Smith, Canterbury Christ Church UniversityTable of ContentsIntroduction; Precarious work, welfare and poverty; Researching the low-pay, no-pay cycle; The low-pay, no-pay cycle: the perspectives and practices of employers and ‘welfare to work’ agencies; The low-pay, no-pay cycle: its pattern and people’s commitment to work; Searching for jobs: qualifications, support for the workless and the good and bad of informal social networks; Poor work: insecurity and churning in deindustrialised labour markets; ‘The ties that bind’: ill-health and caring and their impact on the low-pay, no-pay cycle; Poverty and social insecurity; Conclusions.

Read more less

Book SynopsisWinner of the British Academy Peter Townsend Prize for 2013 How do men and women get by in times and places where opportunities for standard employment have drastically reduced? Are we witnessing the growth of a new class, the 'Precariat', where people exist without predictability or security in their lives? What effects do flexible and insecure forms of work have on material and psychological well-being? This book is the first of its kind to examine the relationship between social exclusion, poverty and the labour market. It challenges long-standing and dominant myths about ‘the workless’ and ‘the poor’, by exploring close-up the lived realities of life in low-pay, no-pay Britain. Work may be ‘the best route out of poverty’ sometimes but for many people getting a job can be just a turn in the cycle of recurrent poverty – and of long-term churning between low-skilled ‘poor work’ and unemployment. Based on unique qualitative, life-history research with a 'hard-to-reach group' of younger and older people, men and women, the book shows how poverty and insecurity have now become the defining features of working life for many.Trade Review“Based on unique qualitative, life-history research with a `hard-to-reach group’ of younger and older people, men and women, the book shows how poverty and insecurity have now become the defining features of working life for many. An illuminating read” – London School of Economics Review of Books"Its inestimable value is to give a much needed voice to the poor and in doing so begin to challenge the 'old libel' that informs much contemporary policy making." People, Place and Policy"This book is about one important part of the growing precariat, those who have fallen out of old working-class communities. It should make people sad and angry. It is a great corrective to the utilitarian bias exhibited by mainstream politicians. It should be widely read." Professor Guy Standing, author of The Precariat: The New Dangerous Class"The book achieves its aims of providing a thorough insight into life at the foot of the contemporary labour market in a way that is sensitive and empathetic ... This is a good quality publication produced by a research team who between them have done much to increase understanding of the realities of working-class life." Dr David M. Smith, Canterbury Christ Church UniversityTable of ContentsIntroduction; Precarious work, welfare and poverty; Researching the low-pay, no-pay cycle; The low-pay, no-pay cycle: the perspectives and practices of employers and ‘welfare to work’ agencies; The low-pay, no-pay cycle: its pattern and people’s commitment to work; Searching for jobs: qualifications, support for the workless and the good and bad of informal social networks; Poor work: insecurity and churning in deindustrialised labour markets; ‘The ties that bind’: ill-health and caring and their impact on the low-pay, no-pay cycle; Poverty and social insecurity; Conclusions.

Read more less

Book SynopsisFamily life in areas of concentrated poverty and social problems is undermined by surrounding conditions. This timely book, by acclaimed author Anne Power and her team, is based on a unique longitudinal study of over 200 families interviewed annually over the last decade. It examines the initiatives introduced to help such families and the impacts on them, their future prospects and the implications for policy. Accessibly written and with clear data presentation, the book will have wide appeal to people who work with, live in and care about families, children and low-income areas.Trade Review"A very useful book providing a comprehensive account of everyday experiences of people living in difficult circumstances. .. one of the selling points of this book is its qualitative addition, adding vigour and nuance, to existing quantitative evidence. The book provides a beneficial starting point for those wishing to understand how neighbourhoods function, but more importantly how families interact with their surroundings" Housing StudiesTable of ContentsIntroduction; Family roles in community matters; Schools in communities ; Young people, space, facilities and activities; Preventative policing, community safety and community confidence; Family health and neighbourhood conditions; Families move into work: skills, training and tax credits; Housing and regeneration; How the areas are changing.

Read more less

Book SynopsisFamily life in areas of concentrated poverty and social problems is undermined by surrounding conditions. This timely book, by acclaimed author Anne Power and her team, is based on a unique longitudinal study of over 200 families interviewed annually over the last decade. It examines the initiatives introduced to help such families and the impacts on them, their future prospects and the implications for policy. Accessibly written and with clear data presentation, the book will have wide appeal to people who work with, live in and care about families, children and low-income areas.Trade Review"A very useful book providing a comprehensive account of everyday experiences of people living in difficult circumstances. .. one of the selling points of this book is its qualitative addition, adding vigour and nuance, to existing quantitative evidence. The book provides a beneficial starting point for those wishing to understand how neighbourhoods function, but more importantly how families interact with their surroundings" Housing StudiesTable of ContentsIntroduction; Family roles in community matters; Schools in communities ; Young people, space, facilities and activities; Preventative policing, community safety and community confidence; Family health and neighbourhood conditions; Families move into work: skills, training and tax credits; Housing and regeneration; How the areas are changing.

Read more less

Book SynopsisPoverty remains one of the most intractable problems in the developing world. Microfranchising offers great promise in alleviating poverty by aiding in the foundation of locally owned businesses. Microfranchising is defined as small businesses whose start-up costs are minimal and whose concepts and operations are easily replicated. It involves the systematizing of microenterprises to create and replicate turnkey businesses for the poor. With the awarding of the 2006 Nobel Peace Prize, attention has increased on this remarkable concept.This unique book provides an overview of the need to alleviate poverty and what methods have been used in the past to do so (e.g. microcredit). It then introduces the concept of the microfranchise and discusses how this business model can be used in poverty alleviation. Different models of microfranchising are reviewed and specific case studies highlighted to show how it has worked in different parts of the world. The book concludes with a discussion of the advantages as well as the potential problems and pitfalls that accompany microfranchising. This book is a must read for business scholars and economists, practitioners and lenders, members of NGOs dedicated to poverty alleviation and anyone else who is interested in learning about an innovative, business focused tool to alleviate poverty.Trade Review'Microfranchising offers a thorough-going and impartial analysis of microfranchising, covering both practice and theory. . . The tome's well documented chapters provide an objective overview of the various aspects of microfranchising and outline its main characteristics. . . This book should be read by all those involved in, or concerned by, the fight against poverty who are looking for a complete overview of microfranchising. The various actors of the entrepreneurial world will also find much in the volume of interest to them. . . Academics will find well documented sources, complete with operational examples, which will help them to present "action" projects to their students. Microfranchising and, more generally, micro-entrepreneurship, represent a vast field of research that will be of great interest to scholars working in the field of entrepreneurship. Fairbourne, Gibson and Dyer's book not only offers a valuable introduction to "micro-entrepreneurship", but demonstrates the human side of entrepreneurship as a whole.' -- Frederic Demerens, Entrepreneurship and Innovation'Microfranchising has clues and cautions to help create wealth and lift humanity from poverty by energizing communities, families and individuals to profit-making productivity in cooperation with guidance, education, and other resources from established businesses, financial institutions and philanthropists. Anyone interested in shrinking the bottom of the world's income and wealth pyramid to create real widespread sustainability and all the consequent social and health benefits should read this book.' -- Joseph H. Astrachan, Kennesaw State University, US'What do buying honey, renting mobile phones and fitting prescription glasses have in common? Answer: they are all activities that have expanded in low-income countries through microfranchising. This book brings together the ideas of researchers and social entrepreneurs at the heart of a movement to turn microfranchising into a mechanism for sustainable poverty reduction on a scale to match microfinance. A seductive mix of advocacy and realism, analysis and case-study provides readers with the ingredients to make up their own mind about the potential of microfranchising as a development tool.' -- James G. Copestake, University of Bath, UKTable of ContentsContents: Foreword 1. Why Microfranchising is Needed Now: Introduction and Book Overview Jason S. Fairbourne PART I: MICROFRANCHISING THEORY 2. Microfranchising: The Next Step on the Development Ladder Stephen W. Gibson 3. The Informal Economy and Microfranchising Michael Henriques and Matthias Herr 4. Current International Development Tools to Combat Poverty Warner Woodworth 5. Opportunities for Partnership: How Microfinance and Microfranchising Complement Each Other John Hatch 6. Microfranchising and the Base of the Pyramid Molly Hoyt and Eliot Jamison PART II: MICROFRANCHISING IN PRACTICE 7. Microfranchise Business Models Kirk Magleby 8. Honey Care Africa Farouk Jiwa 9. Franchising Health Care for Kenya: The HealthStore Foundation Model Michelle Fertig and Herc Tzaras 10. Vodacom Community Services: Rural Telephone Access for South Africa Lisa Jones Christensen, Jennifer (Reck) Van Kirk and Brad Wood 11. Scojo Foundation Jordan Kassalow, Graham Macmillan and Neil Blumenthal 12. Microfranchise Funding Naoko Felder-Kuzu PART III: CONCLUSION 13. The Future of Microfranchising: Opportunities and Challenges W. Gibb Dyer, Jr. Index

Read more less

Book Synopsis'With its breadth and depth, The International Handbook of Gender and Poverty certainly deserves a place on the bookshelves of university libraries and of every academic and development professional with a specific interest in gender and development.' Gender in Management: An International Journal 'I recommend this book to be a staple of reference libraries.' British Politics and Policy 'These diverse, thoughtful essays go far beyond a mere summary of international scholarship. They outline a fascinating and provocative agenda for future policy-relevant research. This book will help redefine and revitalise the field of gender and development.'- Professor Nancy Folbre, Department of Economics, University of Massachusetts, AmherstIn the interests of contextualizing (and nuancing) the multiple interrelations between gender and poverty, Sylvia Chant has gathered writings on diverse aspects of the subject from a range of disciplinary and professional perspectives, achieving extensive thematic as well as geographical coverage. This benchmark volume presents women's and men's experiences of gendered poverty with respect to a vast spectrum of intersecting issues including local to global economic transformations, family, age, 'race', migration, assets, paid and unpaid work, health, sexuality, human rights, and conflict and violence.The handbook also provides up-to-the-minute reflections on how to theorize, measure and represent the connections between gender and poverty, and to contemplate how gendered poverty is affected - and potentially redressed - by policy and grassroots interventions. An unprecedented and ambitious blend of conceptual, methodological, empirical and practical offerings from a host of established as well as upcoming scholars and professionals from across the globe lends the volume a distinctive and critical edge. Notwithstanding the broad scope of The International Handbook of Gender and Poverty, one theme in common to most of its 100-plus chapters is the need to 'en-gender' analysis and initiatives to combat poverty and inequality at local, national and international levels. As such, the volume will inspire its readers not only to reflect deeply on poverty and gender injustice, but also to consider what to do about it.This book will be essential reading for all with academic, professional or personal interests in gender, poverty, inequality, development, and social, political and economic change in the contemporary world.Trade ReviewPossibly the most comprehensive contribution to a detailed and thorough analysis of gendered dimensions of international poverty contexts, causes, and consequences ever brought together into one volume. --Suzanne Clisby Gender and DevelopmentWith international attention focused on halving poverty by 2015, the appearance of The International Handbook of Gender and Poverty is both timely and essential. Sylvia Chant is to be congratulated for producing a state-of-the-art compendium of everything you need to know about the often hidden, gendered, dimensions of poverty. Edited and written by leading scholars and policy advisers, the Handbook comprehensively covers the key themes that are vital to understanding poverty as a gendered process, combining policy lessons with theoretical insight. Richly illustrated with examples from across the world, this book will not only be welcomed by all those dedicated to the study of poverty, but, by casting new light on its causes, will also help to develop appropriate measures to tackle it. --Professor Maxine Molyneux, Institute for the Study of the Americas, University of London, UK While each of the articles in this impressive collection makes an original contribution to the conceptual, empirical and policy analysis of gender and poverty, together they provide a comprehensive overview of the field and an essential resource for all sections of the development community. Professor Sylvia Chant is to be congratulated for bringing together some of the leading thinkers in the field from across the world. This is not only an unprecedented feat of international co-operation but feminist collaboration at its best. --Professor Naila Kabeer, Institute of Development Studies, University of Sussex, UKWith international attention focused on halving poverty by 2015, the appearance of The International Handbook of Gender and Poverty is both timely and essential. Sylvia Chant is to be congratulated for producing a state-of-the-art compendium of everything you need to know about the often hidden, gendered, dimensions of poverty. Edited and written by leading scholars and policy advisers, the Handbook comprehensively covers the key themes that are vital to understanding poverty as a gendered process, combining policy lessons with theoretical insight. Richly illustrated with examples from across the world, this book will not only be welcomed by all those dedicated to the study of poverty, but, by casting new light on its causes, will also help to develop appropriate measures to tackle it. --Professor Maxine Molyneux, Institute for the Study of the Americas, University of London, UKWhile each of the articles in this impressive collection makes an original contribution to the conceptual, empirical and policy analysis of gender and poverty, together they provide a comprehensive overview of the field and an essential resource for all sections of the development community. Professor Sylvia Chant is to be congratulated for bringing together some of the leading thinkers in the field from across the world. This is not only an unprecedented feat of international co-operation but feminist collaboration at its best. --Professor Naila Kabeer, Institute of Development Studies, University of Sussex, UKTable of ContentsContents: 1. Gendered Poverty Across Space and Time: Introduction and Overview Sylvia Chant PART I: CONCEPTS AND METHODOLOGIES FOR GENDERED POVERTY 2. Strategic Gendering: One Factor in the Constituting of Novel Political Economies Saskia Sassen 3. Subjectivity, Sexuality and Social Inequalities Henrietta L. Moore 4. Power, Privilege and Gender as Reflected in Poverty Analysis and Development Goals Gerd Johnsson-Latham 5. Gender Into Poverty Won’t Go: Reflections on Economic Growth, Gender Inequality and Poverty with Particular Reference to India Cecile Jackson 6. Advancing the Scope of Gender and Poverty Indices: An Agenda and Work in Progress Thomas Pogge 7. Methodologies for Gender-sensitive and Pro-poor Poverty Measures Sharon Bessell 8. Multidimensional Poverty Measurement in Mexico and Central America: Incorporating Rights and Equality Anna Coates 9. Gender, Time Poverty and Amartya Sen’s Capability Approach: Evidence From Guatemala Sarah Gammage 10. Why is Progress in Gender Equality So Slow? An Introduction to the ‘Social Institutions and Gender’ Index Dennis Drechsler and Johannes Jütting 11. Diamonds are a Girl’s Best Friend? Experiences with the Gender Action Learning System Linda Mayoux PART II: DEBATES ON THE ‘FEMINISATION OF POVERTY’, AND FEMALE-HEADED HOUSEHOLDS 12. The ‘Feminisation of Poverty’: A Widespread Phenomenon? Marcelo Medeiros and Joana Costa 13. Poor Households or Poor Women: Is There a Difference? Gita Sen 14. Globalisation and the Need for a ‘Gender Lens’: A Discussion of Dichotomies and Orthodoxies with Particular Reference to the ‘Feminisation of Poverty’ Tine Davids and Francien van Driel 15. Towards a (Re)Conceptualisation of the ‘Feminisation of Poverty’: Reflections on Gender-differentiated Poverty from The Gambia, Philippines and Costa Rica Sylvia Chant 16. Post-adjustment, Post-mitigation, 'Post-poverty’? The Feminisation of Family Responsibility in Contemporary Ghana Lynne Brydon 17. Female-headed Households and Poverty in Latin America: State Policy in Cuba, Puerto Rico and the Dominican Republic Helen I. Safa 18. Gender, Households and Poverty in the Caribbean: Shadows Over Islands in the Sun Janet Momsen 19. Poverty and Female-headed Households in Post-genocide Rwanda Marian Koster 20. Between Stigmatisation and Survival: Poverty Among Migrant and Non-migrant Lone Mothers in the Netherlands Annelou Ypeij 21. Lone Mothers, Poverty and Paid Work in the United Kingdom Jane Millar 22. Urban Poverty and Gender in Advanced Economies: The Persistence of Feminised Disadvantage Fran Tonkiss PART III: GENDER, FAMILY AND LIFECOURSE 23. Gender and Household Decision-making in Developing Countries: A Review of Evidence Agnes R. Quisumbing 24. Linking Women’s and Children’s Poverty Ruth Lister 25. Reducing the Gender Gap in Education: The Role of Wage Labour for Rural Women in Mozambique John Sender 26. Understanding the Gender Dynamics of Russia’s Economic Transformation: Women’s and Men’s Experiences of Employment, Domestic Labour and Poverty Sarah Ashwin 27. Gender, Poverty and Transition in Central Asia Jane Falkingham and Angela Baschieri 28. Urban Poverty, Heteronormativity and Women’s Agency in Lima, Peru: Family Life on the Margins Carolyn H. Williams 29. Youth, Gender and Work on the Streets of Mexico Gareth A. Jones and Sarah Thomas de Benítez 30. Sexuality, Poverty and Gender Among Gambian Youth Alice Evans 31. Ghettoisation, Migration or Sexual Connection? Negotiating Survival Among Gambian Male Youths Stella Nyanzi 32. Poverty and Old Age in Sub-Saharan Africa: Examining the Impacts of Gender with Particular Reference to Ghana Isabella Aboderin 33. Gender, Urban Poverty and Ageing in India: Conceptual and Policy Issues Penny Vera-Sanso 34. Poverty, Gender and Old Age: Pension Models in Costa Rica and Chile Monica Budowski 35. Gender, Poverty and Pensions in the United Kingdom Jane Falkingham, Maria Evandrou and Athina Vlachantoni PART IV: GENDER, ‘RACE’ AND MIGRATION 36. Assessing Poverty, Gender and Well-being in ‘Northern’ Indigenous Communities Janet Hunt 37. Gender and Ethnicity in the Shaping of Differentiated Outcomes of Mexico’s Progresa-Oportunidades Conditional Cash Transfer Programme Mercedes González de la Rocha 38. Gender, Poverty, and National Identity in Afrodescendent and Indigenous Movements Helen I. Safa 39. The Gendered Exclusions of International Migration: Perspectives from Latin American Migrants in London Cathy McIlwaine 40. Latino Immigrants, Gender and Poverty in the United States Cecilia Menjívar 41. Culturing Poverty? Ethnicity, Religion, Gender and Social Disadvantage Among South Asian Muslim Communities in the United Kingdom Claire Alexander 42. Gender, Occupation, Loss and Dislocation: A Latvian Perspective Linda McDowell 43. Gender, Poverty and Migration in Mexico Haydea Izazola 44. Migration, Gender and Sexual Economies: Young Female Rural–Urban Migrants in Nigeria Daniel Jordan Smith 45. Internal Mobility, Migration and Changing Gender Relations: Case Study Perspectives from Mali, Nigeria, Tanzania and Vietnam Cecilia Tacoli 46. Picturing Gender and Poverty: From ‘Victimhood’ to ‘Agency’? Kalpana Wilson PART V: GENDER, HEALTH AND POVERTY 47. Poverty Gender and the Right to Health: Reflections with Particular Reference to Chile Jasmine Gideon 48. Maternal Mortality in Latin America: A Matter of Gender and Ethnic Equality Anna Coates 49. New Labyrinths of Solitude: Lonesome Mexican Migrant Men and AIDS Matthew Gutmann 50. Gender, Poverty and AIDS: Perspectives with Particular Reference to Sub-Saharan Africa Catherine Campbell and Andrew Gibbs 51. Gender, HIV/AIDS and Carework in India: A Need for Gender-sensitive Policy Keerty Nakray 52. Women’s Smoking and Social Disadvantage Hilary Graham PART VI: GENDER, POVERTY AND ASSETS 53. Household Wealth and Women’s Poverty: Conceptual and Methodological Issues in Assessing Gender Inequality in Asset Ownership Carmen Diana Deere 54. Gender, Poverty and Access to Land in Cities of the South Carole Rakodi 55. Power, Patriarchy and Land: Examining Women’s Land Rights in Uganda and Rwanda Kate Bird and Jessica Espey 56. Gender, Livelihoods and Rental Housing Markets in the Global South: The Urban Poor as Landlords and Tenants Sunil Kumar 57. Renegotiating the Household: Successfully Leveraging Women’s Access to Housing Microfinance in South Africa Sophie Mills 58. Gender Issues and Shack/Slum Dweller Federations Sheela Patel and Diana Mitlin 59. Gender, Poverty and Social Capital: The Case of Oaxaca City, Mexico Katie Willis 60. Moving Beyond Gender and Poverty to Asset Accumulation: Evidence from Low-income Households in Guayaquil, Ecuador Caroline Moser 61. Conceptual and Practical Issues for Gender and Social Protection: Lessons from Lesotho Rachel Slater, Rebecca Holmes, Nicola Jones and Matšeliso Mphale PART VII: GENDER, POVERTY AND WORK 62. Gender, Work and Poverty in High-income Countries Diane Perrons 63. The Extent and Origin of the Gender Pay Gap in Europe Janneke Plantenga and Eva Fransen 64. Women’s Work, Nimble Fingers and Women’s Mobility in the Global Economy Ruth Pearson 65. Gender, Poverty and Inequality: The Role of Markets, States and Households Shahra Razavi and Silke Staab 66. Women’s Employment, Economic Risk and Poverty James Heintz 67. Gender and Ethical Trade: Can Vulnerable Women Workers Benefit? Stephanie Barrientos 68. Fraternal Capital and the Feminisation of Labour in South India Sharad Chari 69. Economic Transition and the Gender Wage Gap in Vietnam: 1992–2002 Amy Y.C. Liu 70. Gender, Poverty and Work in Cambodia Katherine Brickell 71. Informality, Poverty, and Gender: Evidence from the Global South Marty Chen 72. The Empowerment Trap: Gender, Poverty and the Informal Economy in Sub-Saharan Africa Kate Meagher 73. A Gendered Analysis of Decent Work Deficits in India’s Urban Informal Economy: Case Study Perspectives from Surat Paula Kantor 74. Gender and Quality of Work in Latin America Javier Pineda 75. Gender Inequalities and Poverty: A Simulation of the Likely Impacts of Reducing Labour Market Inequalities on Poverty Incidence in Latin America Joana Costa and Elydia Silva PART VIII: GENDERED POVERTY AND POLICY INTERVENTIONS 76. Gender, Poverty and Aid Architecture Gwendolyn Beetham 77. Brand Aid? How Shopping Has Become ‘Saving African Women and Children with AIDS’ Lisa Ann Richey 78. Sweden to the Rescue? Fitting Brown Women into a Poverty Framework Katja Jassey 79. Poverty Alleviation in a Changing Policy and Political Context: The Case of PRSPs with Particular Reference to Nicaragua Sarah Bradshaw and Brian Linneker 80. Gender-responsive Budgeting and Women’s Poverty Diane Elson and Rhonda Sharp 81. Reducing Gender Inequalities in Poverty: Considering Gender-sensitive Social Programmes in Costa Rica Monica Budowski and Laura Guzmán Stein 82. Is Gender Inequality a Form of Poverty? Shifting Semantics in Oxfam GB’s Thinking and Practice Nicholas Piálek 83. Tackling Poverty: Learning Together to Improve Women’s Rights Through Partnership – The Case of WOMANKIND Worldwide Tina Wallace and Ceri Hayes 84. Millennial Woman: The Gender Order of Development Ananya Roy PART IX: MICROFINANCE AND WOMEN’S EMPOWERMENT 85. The Housewife and the Marketplace: Practices of Credit and Savings from the Early Modern to Modern Era Beverly Lemire 86. Money as Means or Money as End? Gendered Poverty, Microcredit and Women's Empowerment in Tanzania Fauzia Mohamed 87. Capitalising on Women’s Social Capital: Gender and Microfinance in Bolivia Kate Maclean 88. ‘A Woman and an Empty House are Never Alone For Long’: Autonomy, Control, Marriage and Microfinance in Women’s Livelihoods in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia Caroline Sweetman 89. Gender and Poverty in Egypt: Do Credit Projects Empower the Marginalised and the Destitute? Iman Bibars 90. Women’s Empowerment: A Critical Re-evaluation of a GAD Poverty-alleviation Project in Egypt Joanne Sharp, John Briggs, Hoda Yacoub and Nabila Hamed 91. Impacting Women through Financial Services: The Self Help Group Bank Linkage Programme in India and its Effects on Women’s Empowerment Ranjula Bali Swain 92. Microcredit and Women’s Empowerment: Understanding the ‘Impact Paradox’ with Particular Reference to South India Supriya Garikipati 93. Gender and Poverty in Microfinance: Illustrations from Zambia Irene Banda Mutalima 94. The Impact of Microcredit Programmes on Survivalist Women Entrepreneurs in The Gambia and Senegal Bart Casier 95. Methodologies for Evaluating Women’s Empowerment in Poverty Alleviation Programmes: Illustrations from Paraguay and Honduras Yoko Fujikake PART X: NEW FRONTIERS IN GENDERED POVERTY RESEARCH AND ANALYSIS 96. Women, Poverty and Disasters: Exploring the Links through Hurricane Mitch in Nicaragua Sarah Bradshaw 97. Decentralisation, Women’s Rights and Poverty: Learning from India and South Africa Jo Beall 98. Poverty, Entitlement and Citizenship: Vernacular Rights Cultures in Southern Asia Sumi Madhok 99. Contradictions in the Gender–Poverty Nexus: Reflections on the Privatisation of Social Reproduction and Urban Informality in South African Townships Faranak Miraftab 100. Gender, Neoliberalism and Post-neoliberalism: Re-assessing the Institutionalisation of Women’s Struggles for Survival in Ecuador and Venezuela Amy Lind 101. Who Does the Counting? Gender Mainstreaming, Grassroots Initiatives and Linking Women Across Space and ‘Race’ in Guyana D. Alissa Trotz 102. Poverty, Religion and Gender: Perspectives from Albania Claire Brickell 103. Sexuality, Gender and Poverty Susie Jolly and Andrea Cornwall 104. Masculinity, Poverty and the ‘New Wars’ Jane L. Parpart Index

Read more less

Book Synopsis'With its breadth and depth, The International Handbook of Gender and Poverty certainly deserves a place on the bookshelves of university libraries and of every academic and development professional with a specific interest in gender and development.' Gender in Management: An International Journal 'I recommend this book to be a staple of reference libraries.' British Politics and Policy 'These diverse, thoughtful essays go far beyond a mere summary of international scholarship. They outline a fascinating and provocative agenda for future policy-relevant research. This book will help redefine and revitalise the field of gender and development.'- Professor Nancy Folbre, Department of Economics, University of Massachusetts, AmherstIn the interests of contextualizing (and nuancing) the multiple interrelations between gender and poverty, Sylvia Chant has gathered writings on diverse aspects of the subject from a range of disciplinary and professional perspectives, achieving extensive thematic as well as geographical coverage. This benchmark volume presents women's and men's experiences of gendered poverty with respect to a vast spectrum of intersecting issues including local to global economic transformations, family, age, 'race', migration, assets, paid and unpaid work, health, sexuality, human rights, and conflict and violence.The handbook also provides up-to-the-minute reflections on how to theorize, measure and represent the connections between gender and poverty, and to contemplate how gendered poverty is affected - and potentially redressed - by policy and grassroots interventions. An unprecedented and ambitious blend of conceptual, methodological, empirical and practical offerings from a host of established as well as upcoming scholars and professionals from across the globe lends the volume a distinctive and critical edge. Notwithstanding the broad scope of The International Handbook of Gender and Poverty, one theme in common to most of its 100-plus chapters is the need to 'en-gender' analysis and initiatives to combat poverty and inequality at local, national and international levels. As such, the volume will inspire its readers not only to reflect deeply on poverty and gender injustice, but also to consider what to do about it.This book will be essential reading for all with academic, professional or personal interests in gender, poverty, inequality, development, and social, political and economic change in the contemporary world.Trade ReviewPossibly the most comprehensive contribution to a detailed and thorough analysis of gendered dimensions of international poverty contexts, causes, and consequences ever brought together into one volume. --Suzanne Clisby Gender and DevelopmentWith international attention focused on halving poverty by 2015, the appearance of The International Handbook of Gender and Poverty is both timely and essential. Sylvia Chant is to be congratulated for producing a state-of-the-art compendium of everything you need to know about the often hidden, gendered, dimensions of poverty. Edited and written by leading scholars and policy advisers, the Handbook comprehensively covers the key themes that are vital to understanding poverty as a gendered process, combining policy lessons with theoretical insight. Richly illustrated with examples from across the world, this book will not only be welcomed by all those dedicated to the study of poverty, but, by casting new light on its causes, will also help to develop appropriate measures to tackle it. --Professor Maxine Molyneux, Institute for the Study of the Americas, University of London, UK While each of the articles in this impressive collection makes an original contribution to the conceptual, empirical and policy analysis of gender and poverty, together they provide a comprehensive overview of the field and an essential resource for all sections of the development community. Professor Sylvia Chant is to be congratulated for bringing together some of the leading thinkers in the field from across the world. This is not only an unprecedented feat of international co-operation but feminist collaboration at its best. --Professor Naila Kabeer, Institute of Development Studies, University of Sussex, UKWith international attention focused on halving poverty by 2015, the appearance of The International Handbook of Gender and Poverty is both timely and essential. Sylvia Chant is to be congratulated for producing a state-of-the-art compendium of everything you need to know about the often hidden, gendered, dimensions of poverty. Edited and written by leading scholars and policy advisers, the Handbook comprehensively covers the key themes that are vital to understanding poverty as a gendered process, combining policy lessons with theoretical insight. Richly illustrated with examples from across the world, this book will not only be welcomed by all those dedicated to the study of poverty, but, by casting new light on its causes, will also help to develop appropriate measures to tackle it. --Professor Maxine Molyneux, Institute for the Study of the Americas, University of London, UKWhile each of the articles in this impressive collection makes an original contribution to the conceptual, empirical and policy analysis of gender and poverty, together they provide a comprehensive overview of the field and an essential resource for all sections of the development community. Professor Sylvia Chant is to be congratulated for bringing together some of the leading thinkers in the field from across the world. This is not only an unprecedented feat of international co-operation but feminist collaboration at its best. --Professor Naila Kabeer, Institute of Development Studies, University of Sussex, UKTable of ContentsContents: 1. Gendered Poverty Across Space and Time: Introduction and Overview Sylvia Chant PART I: CONCEPTS AND METHODOLOGIES FOR GENDERED POVERTY 2. Strategic Gendering: One Factor in the Constituting of Novel Political Economies Saskia Sassen 3. Subjectivity, Sexuality and Social Inequalities Henrietta L. Moore 4. Power, Privilege and Gender as Reflected in Poverty Analysis and Development Goals Gerd Johnsson-Latham 5. Gender Into Poverty Won’t Go: Reflections on Economic Growth, Gender Inequality and Poverty with Particular Reference to India Cecile Jackson 6. Advancing the Scope of Gender and Poverty Indices: An Agenda and Work in Progress Thomas Pogge 7. Methodologies for Gender-sensitive and Pro-poor Poverty Measures Sharon Bessell 8. Multidimensional Poverty Measurement in Mexico and Central America: Incorporating Rights and Equality Anna Coates 9. Gender, Time Poverty and Amartya Sen’s Capability Approach: Evidence From Guatemala Sarah Gammage 10. Why is Progress in Gender Equality So Slow? An Introduction to the ‘Social Institutions and Gender’ Index Dennis Drechsler and Johannes Jütting 11. Diamonds are a Girl’s Best Friend? Experiences with the Gender Action Learning System Linda Mayoux PART II: DEBATES ON THE ‘FEMINISATION OF POVERTY’, AND FEMALE-HEADED HOUSEHOLDS 12. The ‘Feminisation of Poverty’: A Widespread Phenomenon? Marcelo Medeiros and Joana Costa 13. Poor Households or Poor Women: Is There a Difference? Gita Sen 14. Globalisation and the Need for a ‘Gender Lens’: A Discussion of Dichotomies and Orthodoxies with Particular Reference to the ‘Feminisation of Poverty’ Tine Davids and Francien van Driel 15. Towards a (Re)Conceptualisation of the ‘Feminisation of Poverty’: Reflections on Gender-differentiated Poverty from The Gambia, Philippines and Costa Rica Sylvia Chant 16. Post-adjustment, Post-mitigation, 'Post-poverty’? The Feminisation of Family Responsibility in Contemporary Ghana Lynne Brydon 17. Female-headed Households and Poverty in Latin America: State Policy in Cuba, Puerto Rico and the Dominican Republic Helen I. Safa 18. Gender, Households and Poverty in the Caribbean: Shadows Over Islands in the Sun Janet Momsen 19. Poverty and Female-headed Households in Post-genocide Rwanda Marian Koster 20. Between Stigmatisation and Survival: Poverty Among Migrant and Non-migrant Lone Mothers in the Netherlands Annelou Ypeij 21. Lone Mothers, Poverty and Paid Work in the United Kingdom Jane Millar 22. Urban Poverty and Gender in Advanced Economies: The Persistence of Feminised Disadvantage Fran Tonkiss PART III: GENDER, FAMILY AND LIFECOURSE 23. Gender and Household Decision-making in Developing Countries: A Review of Evidence Agnes R. Quisumbing 24. Linking Women’s and Children’s Poverty Ruth Lister 25. Reducing the Gender Gap in Education: The Role of Wage Labour for Rural Women in Mozambique John Sender 26. Understanding the Gender Dynamics of Russia’s Economic Transformation: Women’s and Men’s Experiences of Employment, Domestic Labour and Poverty Sarah Ashwin 27. Gender, Poverty and Transition in Central Asia Jane Falkingham and Angela Baschieri 28. Urban Poverty, Heteronormativity and Women’s Agency in Lima, Peru: Family Life on the Margins Carolyn H. Williams 29. Youth, Gender and Work on the Streets of Mexico Gareth A. Jones and Sarah Thomas de Benítez 30. Sexuality, Poverty and Gender Among Gambian Youth Alice Evans 31. Ghettoisation, Migration or Sexual Connection? Negotiating Survival Among Gambian Male Youths Stella Nyanzi 32. Poverty and Old Age in Sub-Saharan Africa: Examining the Impacts of Gender with Particular Reference to Ghana Isabella Aboderin 33. Gender, Urban Poverty and Ageing in India: Conceptual and Policy Issues Penny Vera-Sanso 34. Poverty, Gender and Old Age: Pension Models in Costa Rica and Chile Monica Budowski 35. Gender, Poverty and Pensions in the United Kingdom Jane Falkingham, Maria Evandrou and Athina Vlachantoni PART IV: GENDER, ‘RACE’ AND MIGRATION 36. Assessing Poverty, Gender and Well-being in ‘Northern’ Indigenous Communities Janet Hunt 37. Gender and Ethnicity in the Shaping of Differentiated Outcomes of Mexico’s Progresa-Oportunidades Conditional Cash Transfer Programme Mercedes González de la Rocha 38. Gender, Poverty, and National Identity in Afrodescendent and Indigenous Movements Helen I. Safa 39. The Gendered Exclusions of International Migration: Perspectives from Latin American Migrants in London Cathy McIlwaine 40. Latino Immigrants, Gender and Poverty in the United States Cecilia Menjívar 41. Culturing Poverty? Ethnicity, Religion, Gender and Social Disadvantage Among South Asian Muslim Communities in the United Kingdom Claire Alexander 42. Gender, Occupation, Loss and Dislocation: A Latvian Perspective Linda McDowell 43. Gender, Poverty and Migration in Mexico Haydea Izazola 44. Migration, Gender and Sexual Economies: Young Female Rural–Urban Migrants in Nigeria Daniel Jordan Smith 45. Internal Mobility, Migration and Changing Gender Relations: Case Study Perspectives from Mali, Nigeria, Tanzania and Vietnam Cecilia Tacoli 46. Picturing Gender and Poverty: From ‘Victimhood’ to ‘Agency’? Kalpana Wilson PART V: GENDER, HEALTH AND POVERTY 47. Poverty Gender and the Right to Health: Reflections with Particular Reference to Chile Jasmine Gideon 48. Maternal Mortality in Latin America: A Matter of Gender and Ethnic Equality Anna Coates 49. New Labyrinths of Solitude: Lonesome Mexican Migrant Men and AIDS Matthew Gutmann 50. Gender, Poverty and AIDS: Perspectives with Particular Reference to Sub-Saharan Africa Catherine Campbell and Andrew Gibbs 51. Gender, HIV/AIDS and Carework in India: A Need for Gender-sensitive Policy Keerty Nakray 52. Women’s Smoking and Social Disadvantage Hilary Graham PART VI: GENDER, POVERTY AND ASSETS 53. Household Wealth and Women’s Poverty: Conceptual and Methodological Issues in Assessing Gender Inequality in Asset Ownership Carmen Diana Deere 54. Gender, Poverty and Access to Land in Cities of the South Carole Rakodi 55. Power, Patriarchy and Land: Examining Women’s Land Rights in Uganda and Rwanda Kate Bird and Jessica Espey 56. Gender, Livelihoods and Rental Housing Markets in the Global South: The Urban Poor as Landlords and Tenants Sunil Kumar 57. Renegotiating the Household: Successfully Leveraging Women’s Access to Housing Microfinance in South Africa Sophie Mills 58. Gender Issues and Shack/Slum Dweller Federations Sheela Patel and Diana Mitlin 59. Gender, Poverty and Social Capital: The Case of Oaxaca City, Mexico Katie Willis 60. Moving Beyond Gender and Poverty to Asset Accumulation: Evidence from Low-income Households in Guayaquil, Ecuador Caroline Moser 61. Conceptual and Practical Issues for Gender and Social Protection: Lessons from Lesotho Rachel Slater, Rebecca Holmes, Nicola Jones and Matšeliso Mphale PART VII: GENDER, POVERTY AND WORK 62. Gender, Work and Poverty in High-income Countries Diane Perrons 63. The Extent and Origin of the Gender Pay Gap in Europe Janneke Plantenga and Eva Fransen 64. Women’s Work, Nimble Fingers and Women’s Mobility in the Global Economy Ruth Pearson 65. Gender, Poverty and Inequality: The Role of Markets, States and Households Shahra Razavi and Silke Staab 66. Women’s Employment, Economic Risk and Poverty James Heintz 67. Gender and Ethical Trade: Can Vulnerable Women Workers Benefit? Stephanie Barrientos 68. Fraternal Capital and the Feminisation of Labour in South India Sharad Chari 69. Economic Transition and the Gender Wage Gap in Vietnam: 1992–2002 Amy Y.C. Liu 70. Gender, Poverty and Work in Cambodia Katherine Brickell 71. Informality, Poverty, and Gender: Evidence from the Global South Marty Chen 72. The Empowerment Trap: Gender, Poverty and the Informal Economy in Sub-Saharan Africa Kate Meagher 73. A Gendered Analysis of Decent Work Deficits in India’s Urban Informal Economy: Case Study Perspectives from Surat Paula Kantor 74. Gender and Quality of Work in Latin America Javier Pineda 75. Gender Inequalities and Poverty: A Simulation of the Likely Impacts of Reducing Labour Market Inequalities on Poverty Incidence in Latin America Joana Costa and Elydia Silva PART VIII: GENDERED POVERTY AND POLICY INTERVENTIONS 76. Gender, Poverty and Aid Architecture Gwendolyn Beetham 77. Brand Aid? How Shopping Has Become ‘Saving African Women and Children with AIDS’ Lisa Ann Richey 78. Sweden to the Rescue? Fitting Brown Women into a Poverty Framework Katja Jassey 79. Poverty Alleviation in a Changing Policy and Political Context: The Case of PRSPs with Particular Reference to Nicaragua Sarah Bradshaw and Brian Linneker 80. Gender-responsive Budgeting and Women’s Poverty Diane Elson and Rhonda Sharp 81. Reducing Gender Inequalities in Poverty: Considering Gender-sensitive Social Programmes in Costa Rica Monica Budowski and Laura Guzmán Stein 82. Is Gender Inequality a Form of Poverty? Shifting Semantics in Oxfam GB’s Thinking and Practice Nicholas Piálek 83. Tackling Poverty: Learning Together to Improve Women’s Rights Through Partnership – The Case of WOMANKIND Worldwide Tina Wallace and Ceri Hayes 84. Millennial Woman: The Gender Order of Development Ananya Roy PART IX: MICROFINANCE AND WOMEN’S EMPOWERMENT 85. The Housewife and the Marketplace: Practices of Credit and Savings from the Early Modern to Modern Era Beverly Lemire 86. Money as Means or Money as End? Gendered Poverty, Microcredit and Women's Empowerment in Tanzania Fauzia Mohamed 87. Capitalising on Women’s Social Capital: Gender and Microfinance in Bolivia Kate Maclean 88. ‘A Woman and an Empty House are Never Alone For Long’: Autonomy, Control, Marriage and Microfinance in Women’s Livelihoods in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia Caroline Sweetman 89. Gender and Poverty in Egypt: Do Credit Projects Empower the Marginalised and the Destitute? Iman Bibars 90. Women’s Empowerment: A Critical Re-evaluation of a GAD Poverty-alleviation Project in Egypt Joanne Sharp, John Briggs, Hoda Yacoub and Nabila Hamed 91. Impacting Women through Financial Services: The Self Help Group Bank Linkage Programme in India and its Effects on Women’s Empowerment Ranjula Bali Swain 92. Microcredit and Women’s Empowerment: Understanding the ‘Impact Paradox’ with Particular Reference to South India Supriya Garikipati 93. Gender and Poverty in Microfinance: Illustrations from Zambia Irene Banda Mutalima 94. The Impact of Microcredit Programmes on Survivalist Women Entrepreneurs in The Gambia and Senegal Bart Casier 95. Methodologies for Evaluating Women’s Empowerment in Poverty Alleviation Programmes: Illustrations from Paraguay and Honduras Yoko Fujikake PART X: NEW FRONTIERS IN GENDERED POVERTY RESEARCH AND ANALYSIS 96. Women, Poverty and Disasters: Exploring the Links through Hurricane Mitch in Nicaragua Sarah Bradshaw 97. Decentralisation, Women’s Rights and Poverty: Learning from India and South Africa Jo Beall 98. Poverty, Entitlement and Citizenship: Vernacular Rights Cultures in Southern Asia Sumi Madhok 99. Contradictions in the Gender–Poverty Nexus: Reflections on the Privatisation of Social Reproduction and Urban Informality in South African Townships Faranak Miraftab 100. Gender, Neoliberalism and Post-neoliberalism: Re-assessing the Institutionalisation of Women’s Struggles for Survival in Ecuador and Venezuela Amy Lind 101. Who Does the Counting? Gender Mainstreaming, Grassroots Initiatives and Linking Women Across Space and ‘Race’ in Guyana D. Alissa Trotz 102. Poverty, Religion and Gender: Perspectives from Albania Claire Brickell 103. Sexuality, Gender and Poverty Susie Jolly and Andrea Cornwall 104. Masculinity, Poverty and the ‘New Wars’ Jane L. Parpart Index

Read more less

Book SynopsisA lucid introduction to the costs of unemployment and inflation, this book analyses the ways in which these two issues profoundly influence the conduct of economic policy. Based on economic events and policies in the UK and US, Inflation and Unemployment argues controversially against the New Right claim that inflation causes unemployment. The effects of unemployment on the financial, mental and psychological well being of unemployed people are investigated and the impact of inflation on the distribution of income and wealth is assessed. In conclusion Graham Dawson suggests that recent macroeconomic policy in the UK and US has tended to overstate the dangers of inflation and understate the unemployment costs of disinflation.Written in a lively and accessible style, this book provides a new understanding of key features of the modern economy.<Trade Review'This book is well written, interesting and comprehensive. It is a natural successor to the books on inflation by Fleming and Trevithick which so many readers found invaluable.'

Read more less

Book SynopsisMeghnad Desai's work presents a significant challenge to economics as currently practised. Poverty, Famine and Economic Development brings together essays which reflect his long-standing interest in economic development. Issues discussed include econometric testing of the disguised unemployment hypothesis, theoretical and applied approaches to famine, poverty in rich as well as poor countries, poverty in Latin America and state involvement in economic development. The volume also includes a discussion of the essay by Lenin which was the basis of the 'New Economic Policy', the first attempt at Market Socialism in the Soviet Union.The volume also includes a substantial autobiographical preface, in which Lord Desai explains how he became an economist and the influences behind the development of his thought, as well as a specific introduction explaining how he came to produce the papers included in this volume.Trade Review'. . . a useful reference for those involved in teaching and researching poverty and famine.' -- J. G. Copestake, Economic JournalTable of ContentsA test of the hypothesis of disguised unemployment; an econometric approach to the measurement of poverty; the role of exchange and market relationships in the economics of the transition period - Lenin on the tax in kind; economic alternatives for labour; the economics of famine; drawing the line - on defining the poverty threshold; storytelling and formalism in economics - the instance of famine; rice and fish - assymetric preferences and entitlement failures in food growing economics with non-food producers; homilies of a Victorian sage - a review article on Peter Bauer; is state control necessary for economic development in the third world; a generla theory of poverty? - a review article; consumption and pollution; poverty and capability - towards an empirically implementable measure; methodological problems in the measurement of poverty in Latin America.

Read more less

Book SynopsisThis major new Handbook is a detailed, up-to-date guide to different national labour markets and policies to combat unemployment and their outcomes. It will become established as a standard reference book - the first of its kind - providing an authoritative account of the rapidly growing field of labour market policy in a coherent and systematic framework.A group of internationally renowned researchers provides a state-of-the-art account of research on three levels; an evaluation of the methods available, an evaluation of policies and policy regimes and an evaluation of institutional frameworks and monitoring systems. Unique features of this reference book include the presentation of a 'Target-Oriented Approach' to evaluating labour market policy. The Handbook is international in its approach - all chapters apply an international comparative framework in assessing contemporary developments in the field.International Handbook of Labour Market Policy and Evaluation will be an indispensable source of reference for policymakers, social scientists and academics interested in labour market policy and policy evaluation.Trade Review'The book should be of great use and interest to anyone concerned with labour market issues, and particularly so for those concerned with designing effective evaluation schemes. Further, it cannot be disputed that, as the paper version yields a price of roughly .04p per page, this book offers very good value indeed.'Table of ContentsContents: Introduction Part I: Theory and Methodology of Labour Market Policy Evaluation 1. Theory and Methodology of Labour Market Policy Evaluation (G. Schmid, J. O’Reilly, K. Schömann) 2. Experimental and Nonexperimental Evaluation (J.J. Heckman, J.A. Smith) 3. Experimental Evaluation of European Labour Market Policy (A. Björklund, H. Regnér) 4. Longitudinal Designs in Evaluation Studies (K. Schömann) 5. Aggregate Impact Analysis (L. Bellmann, R. Jackman) 6. Cost–benefit Analysis (L. Delander, H. Niklasson) 7. Process Evaluation: Policy Formation and Implementation (G. Schmid) Part II: Evaluating Labour Market Policies in Selected Target Areas 8. Unemployment Compensation and Labour Market Transitions (G. Schmid, B. Reissert) 9. Job Opportunities for the Hard-to-place (C. Erhel, J. Gautié, B. Gazier, S. Morel) 10. The School to Work Transition (P. Ryan, C.F. Büchtemann) 11. Transition between Family Formation and Paid Employment (C. Fagan, J. Rubery) 12. Exit Options from the Labour Force (B. Casey) 13. Improving Job-matching through Placement Services (U. Walwei) 14. Occupational Segregation, Discrimination and Equal Opportunity (J. Rubbery, C. Fagan, F. Maier) 15. Life-long Learning and Skill Formation (A.C. Tuijnman, K. Schömann) 16. Form Unemployment to Self-employment: Labour Market Policies for Business Start-up (N. Meager) 17. Employment Opportunities for the Disabled (L. Delsen) 18. Immigrant Labour Integration (G. Biffl) 19. Labour Adjustment through Part-time Work (J. O’Reilly) 20. Employment Stabilization through Short-time Work (H. Mosley, T. Kruppe) 21. Legal Regulation and Flexibility of Employment Contracts (R. Rogowski, K. Schömann) 22. Employment Security and Dismissal Protection ( C.F. Büchtemann, U. Walwei) Part III: Evaluating Institutional Frameworks of Labour Market Policy 23. Explaining State Intervention to Prevent Unemployment: The Impact of Institutions on Active Labour Markt Policy Expenditures in 18 Countries (T. Janoski) 24. The Impact of Labour Market Policy on Wages, Employment and Labour Market Mismatch (L. Bellman, R. Jackman) 25. New Public Management of Further Training (G. Schmid) 26. The Importance of Wage-bargaining Institutions for Employment Performance (E. Applebaum, R. Schettkat) 27. Tax Regimes and Labour Market Performance ( S. Gustafsson) Part IV: Evaluating Policy Targets at the European Level 28. The European Social Fund: A Strategy for Generic Evaluation (R. M. Lindley) 29. European Regulation of Social Standards (J. O’Reilly, B. Reissert, V. Eichener) 30. Monitoring of Labour Market Policy in EU Member States (P. Auer, T. Kruppe) Index

Read more less

Book SynopsisThe Social Challenge of Job Creation brings together a distinguished group of economists and sociologists to provide a broad, accessible and multidisciplinary assessment of job creation in Europe. This major volume discusses the role of labour market institutions and the nature of their interaction with other economic and social regulations. The European case is discussed in depth with a focus on issues such as the extent to which US labour market institutions can be adapted to European societies, and the problem of the long-term unemployed. Two chapters are explicitly devoted to Spain which constitutes a paramount example of the job creation failure in Europe. An introductory chapter summarizes the main conclusions of the book. Among other results, the authors highlight the importance of systemic and carefully balanced labour market reforms.The Social Challenge of Job Creation provides a rigorous yet accessible broad assessment of the policy alternatives which could lead to increased job creation in the European economy.Table of ContentsContents: Prologue (C. Cavallé) 1. Introduction: Four myths about employment (J. Gual) Part I: Policies and Institutions for Job Creation 2. Employment in Europe (J.H. Drèze) 3. Preventing Long-Term Unemployment: An Economic Analysis (R. Layard) 4. Does it Fit? Drawing Lessons From Differing Labour Practices (R.B. Freeman) Part II: Spain: Lessons from a Failure in Job Creation 5. Job Creation in Spain: A Macroeconomic View (J. Viñals) 6. Creating Employment in Spain: Labour Market Imperfections (C. Sebastián) Part III: Cultural Values and Labour Market Institutions 7. The Institutional Structuring of Firms’ Strategies and Employment Practices in Market Economies (R. Whitley) 8. Knowledge and Ideas for Job Creation: the case of Entrepreneurship in the 1980s (J.L. Alvarez) Index

Read more less

Book SynopsisThis important book is concerned with the evaluation of changes in income distribution and the analysis of tax and transfer systems.The book begins with an introduction to the measurement of inequality and poverty, stressing the role of value judgements. The following six chapters deal with cross- sectional comparisons, including the analysis of a labour market model of income distribution, the choice of transfer system, marginal indirect tax reform, and the distributional effects of inflation. The next seven chapters are concerned with dynamic aspects of income distribution. These examine the complex relationship between cross-sectional and lifetime distributions, relative income mobility, and the effects of income mobility on temporary and permanent poverty.The Dynamics of Inequality and Poverty will be essential reading for students and scholars of public sector economics, welfare economics and social economics, along with those directly concerned with policy formulation.Trade Review'. . . this book is likely to be of most interest to specialists in income distribution and tax-transfer systems. Since many of the original articles are not easily accessible, it is convenient to have them brought together.' -- S.P. Jenkins, Journal of EconomicsTable of ContentsContents: Part I: Introduction 1. Introduction and Outline 2. Measuring Inequality and Poverty Part II: Cross-sectional Comparisons 3. Cross-sectional comparisons 4. A Model of Income Distribution 5. Comparing Transfer Systems 6. Poverty with Threshold Consumption 7. Indirect Tax Reform 8. The Distributional Effects of Inflation Part III: Income Dynamics 9. Income Dynamics 10. Mobility and Inequality 11. Income Dynamics over the Life Cycle 12. Evaluating Income Tax Changes 13. Income Taxation and the Time Period 14. Mobility and Social Welfare 15. Poverty over Two Periods Index

Read more less

Book SynopsisThis collection of work has been produced as a result of a major 1994 UK seminar on the measurement and analysis of social exclusion, sponsored by the European Commission and the UK Department of Social Security. There are contributions from a wide range of academics with varying backgrounds. Three main concerns are targeted: the conceptualisation of social exclusion; the measurement of social exclusion; the indicators for monitoring the effectiveness of policies for combating social exclusion. · · This book provides an invaluable review of the literature available and presents major new thinking in terms of theory, understanding and data analysis. It will be important reading for students, researchers and policy makers working in this field.Trade Review"The book marks an important attempt to shift focus and break with tradition. It is excellent in synthesising past research and debate." SociologyTable of ContentsContents: Poverty and social exclusion: the new European agenda for policy and research ~ Graham Room; Social exclusion in Europe: policy context and analytical framework ~ Jos Berghman; In what sense is poverty multidimensional? ~ Brendan J. Whelan and Christopher T. Whelan; The spiral of precariousness: a multidimensional approach to the process of social disqualification in France ~ Serge Paugam; Between survey and social services analysis: an inquiry 'on two lines and three levels' ~ Francesca Zajczyk; The dynamics of poverty and social exclusion ~ Robert Walker; 'What a difference a day makes': the significance for social policy of the duration of social assistance receipt ~ Petra Buhr and Stephan Leibfried; Social exclusion and spatial stress: the connections ~ Hans Kristensen; Measuring socioeconomic differences within areas: a French analysis ~ Isa Aldeghi; Measuring socioeconomic disintegration at the local level in Europe: an analytical framework ~ Frank Moulaert; The development of the 1991 Local Deprivation Index ~ Brian Robson, Michael Bradford and Rachel Tye; Public attitudes to social exclusion: some problems of measurement and analysis ~ Peter Golding; Conclusions ~ Graham Room.

Read more less

Book SynopsisThe issue of homelessness has become extremely important in policy debates during the 1990s. Yet analysis that links the phenomenon of homelessness to wider debates about the changing social and economic environment remains relatively underdeveloped. This important new book brings together contemporary theoretical debates and original empirical research in order to explore the nature, experience and impact of social change in the new 'landscape of precariousness', in which new sets of risks and uncertainties have emerged. It adopts a multi-disciplinary approach, which is essential in developing a more subtle understanding of both the complex processes leading to, and the experience of, homelessness. Central to contemporary theory and practice is the enhancement of our understanding of how homelessness, disadvantage and social exclusion impact differently on various social groups. Homelessness provides a strong contribution to the academic debate, and is essential reading for students and researchers in a range of subject areas, including housing studies, social policy, socio-legal studies and public administration.Trade ReviewThis book offers a collection of interesting, diverse and up-to-date papers on the changing nature of homelessness in the UK and elsewhere. It will certainly become a key text for the foreseeable future. Housing Studies.Will become essential reading for everybody who is concerned about the problems of homelessness and wants to understand those problems better.This book will undoubtedly contribute to the development of both theory and practice around homelessness.Table of ContentsContents: Exploring the new terrain ~ Alex Marsh and Patricia Kennett; The new landscape of precariousness ~ Ray Forrest; Homelessness, citizenship and social exclusion ~ Patricia Kennett; Homelessness in rural areas: an invisible issue? ~ Paul Cloke, Paul Milbourne and Rebekah Widdowfield; A home is where the heart is: engendering notions of homelessness ~ Sophie Watson; Theorising homelessness and 'race' ~ Malcolm Harrison; The criminalisation of homelessness, begging and street living ~ Gary Fooks and Christina Pantazis; The homelessness legislation as a vehicle for marginalisation: making an example out of the paedophile ~ David Cowan and Rose Gilroy; Old and homeless: a double jeopardy ~ Derek Hawes; Homelessness in Russia: the scope of the problem and the remedies in place ~ Yana Beigulenko; Implementing 'joined-up thinking': multiagency services for single homeless people in Bristol ~ Jenny Pannell and Siân Parry; Models of resettlement for the homeless in the European Union ~ Brian Harvey.

Read more less

Book SynopsisThe issue of homelessness has become extremely important in policy debates during the 1990s. Yet analysis that links the phenomenon of homelessness to wider debates about the changing social and economic environment remains relatively underdeveloped. This important new book brings together contemporary theoretical debates and original empirical research in order to explore the nature, experience and impact of social change in the new 'landscape of precariousness', in which new sets of risks and uncertainties have emerged. It adopts a multi-disciplinary approach, which is essential in developing a more subtle understanding of both the complex processes leading to, and the experience of, homelessness. Central to contemporary theory and practice is the enhancement of our understanding of how homelessness, disadvantage and social exclusion impact differently on various social groups. Homelessness provides a strong contribution to the academic debate, and is essential reading for students and researchers in a range of subject areas, including housing studies, social policy, socio-legal studies and public administration.Trade ReviewThis book offers a collection of interesting, diverse and up-to-date papers on the changing nature of homelessness in the UK and elsewhere. It will certainly become a key text for the foreseeable future. Housing Studies.This book will undoubtedly contribute to the development of both theory and practice around homelessness.Will become essential reading for everybody who is concerned about the problems of homelessness and wants to understand those problems better.Table of ContentsContents: Exploring the new terrain ~ Alex Marsh and Patricia Kennett; The new landscape of precariousness ~ Ray Forrest; Homelessness, citizenship and social exclusion ~ Patricia Kennett; Homelessness in rural areas: an invisible issue? ~ Paul Cloke, Paul Milbourne and Rebekah Widdowfield; A home is where the heart is: engendering notions of homelessness ~ Sophie Watson; Theorising homelessness and 'race' ~ Malcolm Harrison; The criminalisation of homelessness, begging and street living ~ Gary Fooks and Christina Pantazis; The homelessness legislation as a vehicle for marginalisation: making an example out of the paedophile ~ David Cowan and Rose Gilroy; Old and homeless: a double jeopardy ~ Derek Hawes; Homelessness in Russia: the scope of the problem and the remedies in place ~ Yana Beigulenko; Implementing 'joined-up thinking': multiagency services for single homeless people in Bristol ~ Jenny Pannell and Siân Parry; Models of resettlement for the homeless in the European Union ~ Brian Harvey.

Read more less

Book SynopsisThe significant feature of homelessness in Europe over the past 25 years has been its persistence. Traditional policies have increasingly been found wanting in the light of the changed economic and demographic circumstances of the last quarter of the 20th century. A reappraisal of the nature of European homelessness by academics and practitioners demonstrates the need for the development of innovatory policies and practice that take account of these changed circumstances and explicitly address the current needs of Europe's homeless people. This highly topical report provides a synthesis of reported developments in innovative service provision for homeless people in the member countries of the European Union. Setting their arguments within a context of changing welfare provision and welfare/housing regimes, the authors reappraise the nature of homelessness and its causes, chart the main dimensions of the composition of homeless populations and of policy instruments and examine in detail the nature and diversity of emerging innovative practices in the provision of services to the homeless of Europe. Select examples of innovative services for homeless people are provided in the comprehensive Appendix to the report. The report draws on the 1998 national reports of the 15 correspondents of the European Observatory on Homelessness who conduct research on behalf of FEANTSA (the European Federation of National Organisations working with the Homeless). It provides a genuinely comprehensive coverage of EU member states and should stimulate debate regarding housing policy issues across Europe and encourage transnational cooperation between non-governmental organisations as well as act as a stimulus for further research. In bringing together a wealth of material on policy and practice throughout Europe the report adds considerably to our knowledge of the dynamics of European homelessness and housing policy. Services for homeless people is therefore important reading for academics across Europe, practitioners in non-governmental organisations dealing with the homeless, housing agencies and government departments, and students of comparative housing studies. The research of the European Observatory on Homelessness is supported financially by DG V of the European Commission.Trade Review"The report makes for interesting reading, reminding us of the extent of homelessness across the European Union, an awareness easily lost when considering UK-based problems. Recent publications which provide an overview of the homelessness literature (Fitzpatrick et al., 2000; Klinker et al.,2000) are timely and remind us of the thousands of unfulfilled recommendations washing around the system. Services for homeless people provides an accessible quide to current and emerging provision in the European Union." Housing Studies."The authors have produced a thorough synthesis of the available material, containing a wealth of information on policy and practice throughout Europe ... This volume makes a significant contribution to the comparative analysis of homelessness." Urban Studies"... a very well written and accessible report, which manages to achieve both scholarly rigour in its conceptual framework ... and a high degree of practical application in its later chapters.... It should ... be required reading for anyone seeking to develop new approaches to meeting the needs of homeless people in Europe and beyond." Journal of Housing and the Built Environment"... a very well written and accessible report ... required reading for anyone seeking to develop new approaches to meeting the needs of homeless people in Europe and beyond." Journal of Housing and the Built EnvironmentTable of ContentsIntroduction; Welfare, housing and social exclusion: a contextual framework; Context of service provision; Innovative services for the homeless; Services for the homeless: strategic innovation; Services for the homeless; organisational innovation; Services for the homeless: operational innovation; Conclusion.

Read more less

Book SynopsisInequalities in health, in terms of both empirical evidence and policies to tackle their reduction, are currently high on the research and political agendas. This reader provides two centuries of historical context to the current debate. Poverty, inequality and health in Britain: 1800-2000 presents extracts from classic texts on the subject of poverty, inequality and health in Britain. For the first time, these key resources are presented in a single volume. Each extract is accompanied by information about the author, and an introduction by the editors draws together themes of change and continuity over two hundred years. Some extracts present empirical evidence of the relationship of poverty and health, while others describe the gritty reality of the everyday struggles of the poor. This book will be of interest to students, researchers, academics and policy makers working in a range of disciplines: the social sciences, historical studies and health. It will also be of interest to all those concerned with tackling health inequalities and social justice generally. Studies in poverty, inequality and social exclusion series Series Editor: David Gordon, Director, Townsend Centre for International Poverty Research. Poverty, inequality and social exclusion remain the most fundamental problems that humanity faces in the 21st century. This exciting series, published in association with the Townsend Centre for International Poverty Research at the University of Bristol, aims to make cutting-edge poverty related research more widely available. For other titles in this series, please follow the series link from the main catalogue page.Trade Review"The editors of this volume are to be congratulated on the quality of the selections from classics texts on poverty, inequality and health in Britain during the nineteenth and twentieth centuries." International Journal of Epidemiology"... a convenient source for those studying social history." Journal of Social Policy "... a handy course guide for classes in the history of public health and urban studies." Bulletin History of Medicine"This book is an invaluable reference for academics and students, working in a variety of disciplines, who are interested in health inequalities." Ian Rees Jones, Faculty of Healthcare Sciences, St George's Hospital Medical School"This is an excellent collection of the most influential scholarly British work in this field. The introduction and timeline provide a helpful overview of the subject." Alison McCallum, Department of Public Health, University of HelsinkiTable of ContentsIntroduction; Further reading; Timeline; Extracts from: Thomas Clarkson's An essay on the impolicy of the African slave trade (1788) and An essay on the slavery and commerce of the human species, particularly the African (1785, 1817); Thomas Malthus' An essay on the principle of population (1798, 1985); Factory Inquiry Commission Report (1833); William Farr's Vital statistics: A memorial volume (1837, 1885, 1975); Edwin Chadwick's Report on the sanitary conditions of the labouring population of Gt Britain (1842, 1965); Friedrich Engels' The condition of the working class in England (1845, 1987); Henry Mayhew's London labour and the London poor (1851-52); Karl Marx's Inaugural address of the International Working Men's Association (1864, 1992); Benjamin Seebohm Rowntree's Poverty: A study of town life (1901, 1971); Charles Booth's On the city: Physical pattern and social structure (1902-3, 1967); Maud Pember Reeves' Round about a pound a week (1913, 1988); Robert Tressell's The ragged trousered philanthropists (1914, 1955); Edgar L. Collis and Major Greenwood's The health of the industrial worker (1921); Frank W. White's 'Natural and social selection: a "Blue-Book" analysis' (1928); George C.M. M'Gonigle and J. Kirby's Poverty and public health (1936); John Boyd Orr's Food, health and income (1936, 1937); Wal Hannington's The problem of distressed areas (1937); Margery Spring Rice's Working-class wives: Their health and conditions (1939); William Beveridge's Social Insurance and Allied Services (1942); Richard Titmuss' Birth, poverty and wealth (1943); J.N. Morris' Health (1944); John Hewetson's Ill-health, poverty and the state (1946); Aneurin Bevan's In place of fear (1947); Brian Abel-Smith and Peter Townsend's The poor and the poorest (1965); Robert Roberts' The classic slum: Salford life in the first quarter of the century (1971); Julian Tudor Hart's 'The inverse care law' (1971); Inequalities in health: Report of a Research Working Group chaired by Sir Douglas Black (The Black Report) (1980); Independent Inquiry into Inequalities in Health (The Acheson Report) (1998).

Read more less