Population and demography Books

Book SynopsisElgar Advanced Introductions are stimulating and thoughtful introductions to major fields in the social sciences, business and law, expertly written by the world’s leading scholars. Designed to be accessible yet rigorous, they offer concise and lucid surveys of the substantive and policy issues associated with discrete subject areas.Highlighting the power of multi-dimensional demography, this Advanced Introduction addresses the most consequential changes in our societies and economies using quantitative approaches. It defines three demographic theories with predictive power - demographic metabolism, transition and dividend - and repositions the discipline at the heart of social science.Key features include: Discussion of alternative demographic scenarios in the context of sustainable development Introduction of national human resource management as the population policy for the 21st century An outline of how the significant demographic theories discussed form the building blocks of a Unified Demographic Theory An argument for cognitive changes as the primary driver of demographic transition rather than changing economic conditions, demonstrated by the impact of changing educational attainment structures. This Advanced Introduction is a must-read for demographers around the globe for its concise summary of the concepts, theories and power of multi-dimensional demography, as well as students of demography at all levels. It will also be useful to academics in other social sciences, including human geography, development studies and sociology scholars interested in what state-of-the-art demography has to offer their fields.Trade Review‘Wolfgang Lutz secured his place among the handful of the world's most influential demographers by decades of pioneering empirical research, theoretical exploration, and institutional leadership. This succinct book is a capstone to his contributions. Lutz envisions multi-dimensional demography (including age, sex and other attributes like education) as the foundation for a theory that integrates demographic metabolism (cohort replacement), the demographic transition, and the demographic dividend. Demographers, social scientists, and policy makers need to read this important book.’ -- Joel E. Cohen, The Rockefeller University and Columbia University, US‘Wolfgang Lutz has put together his encyclopaedic demographic knowledge in this excellent Advanced Introduction. Far from being a conventional introduction, his central theme is that demography must have scientific rigour to offer “predictive power” for social change and human welfare. Three theories are key: intergenerational change, demographic transition and the demographic dividend, central to economic change. Thereby demography can become an “intervention science” to enhance welfare. Education, particularly of girls, takes centre stage. These ideas underpin a stimulating look at population change and the central issues of sustainable development and the global future.’ -- David Coleman, University of Oxford, UK‘Wolfgang Lutz is one of the most accomplished demographers in the world, and this book is a major accomplishment. Building on prior demographic research, including his and that of his research team, he creates a unified demographic theory importantly incorporating education into our demographic view of the world. This book should be required reading for everyone–not just demographers. I guarantee that you will better understand how the world works once you have absorbed what Professor Lutz is telling us.’ -- John R. Weeks, San Diego State University, US'A masterful survey, analysis, and exposition. Studying this text will yield a broad and deep understanding of demographic theories and perspectives, along with the uses of demography, that is simply not attainable in any other two or three sources combined. Alongside, Lutz consolidates considerations of human capital--education and health--into the very core of demographic science, projections, and policy. Students equipped with this knowledge will understand the foundations of what they are doing as demographers AND what they are observing in the world as citizens. A remarkable achievement.' -- William Butz, former President, Population Reference Bureau, Washington DC, USTable of ContentsContents: Preface 1. Demographic concepts and data 2. Demographic theories 3. Education and cognition as drivers of mortality and fertility decline 4. Demographic futures and sustainable development Index

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Book SynopsisUnderstanding Criminal Networks is a short methodological primer for those interested in studying illicit, deviant, covert, or criminal networks using social network analysis (SNA). Accessibly written by Gisela Bichler, a leading expert in SNA for dark networks, the book is chock-full of graphics, checklists, software tips, step-by-step guidance, and straightforward advice. Covering all the essentials, each chapter highlights three themes: the theoretical basis of networked criminology,methodological issues and useful analytic tools,and producing professional analysis. Unlike any other book on the market, the book combines conceptual and empirical work with advice on designing networking studies, collecting data, and analysis. Relevant, practical, theoretical, and methodologically innovative, Understanding Criminal Networks promises to jumpstart readers' understanding of how to cross over from conventional investigations of crime to the study of criminal networks.Trade Review"Bichler provides a compelling introduction and guide to criminal networks: what they are, how they are organized, and how the tools of social network analysis may be used to understand them." * CHOICE *Table of ContentsList of Illustrations and Tables 1. READ FIRST A Practical Example Problem-Oriented Policing P.I.V.O.T. Utility of Social Network Analysis Objective of this Book Organization of the Book 2. DEMYSTIFYING SOCIAL NETWORK ANALYSIS Example Project Methods Units Focus Relations Analytic Options 3. SOCIAL NETWORK THEORY 101 Assumptions of Social Network Analysis Four Essential Theoretical Perspectives Strength of Weak Ties Structural Holes Theory of Social Capital Small-World Perspective Contagion and Three Degrees of Influence Suggested Readings 4. CONNECTED CRIMINALITY Overview of Theoretical Congruence Biopsychological Theories Control Theories Developmental Theories Strain Theories Hyperdyadic Social Learning in the World of Methamphetamine Data Source and Inspiration Learning Theory Refresher Integrating Learning Theory with Hyperdyadic Spread— Methamphetamine Example Visualizing Anonymous Networks Suggested Readings 5. CONNECTED EVENTS Overview of Theoretical Congruence Deterrence and Situational Theories Neighborhood Ecological Theories A Networked Account of Opportunity Theories Crime Pattern Theory Routine Activity Theory An Integrated Theory of Networked Opportunity Suggested Readings 6. WHO IS WHO? Rapid Onset Current Understanding Co-offending Criminal Groups Criminal Enterprise 7. GATHERING DATA Assembling Information about Criminal Networks Research Designs Sampling Collecting Data Small World Method Suggested Readings 8. MAPPING NETWORKS Data Integration Consolidating Relational Information Entity Resolution Estimating the Amount of Missing Data Sensitivity Analysis Detecting Corrupted Data Digit Analysis Example Digital Analysis of Global Weapons Trade Final Words of Advice 9. DESCRIBING NETWORKS Describing the Whole Network General Descriptive Statistics Structural Description of a Whole Network Clustering Investigating Actor Positioning Degree Centrality Betweenness Centrality Egocentric Networks Descriptive Statistics Measures of Central Positioning 10. ADVANCED ANALYTIC OPTIONS Transitivity Nondirected Graphs Directed Graphs Gang Violence Example Subgroup Identification Top-Down Approaches Bottom-Up Approaches Example Application Advanced Analytics 11. PRODUCING PROFESSIONAL PRODUCTS Making Critics Happy Visualizing Connections Slices and Layouts Image Elements Presentation Tips Drivers Academic Research Centers Practitioner-Oriented Programs Professional Associations and Training Opportunities Concluding Remarks References Index

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Book SynopsisIn Contraception and Abortion from the Ancient World to the Renaissance, Riddle showed that women from ancient Egyptian times to the fifteenth century had relied on an extensive pharmacopoeia of herbal abortifacients and contraceptives to regulate fertility. Here, he explores why knowledge of these methods was lost in modern times.Trade ReviewEve's Herbs is a highly informative presentation of the history of the use of plant products, such as ergot, as abortion agents. -- Thomas Szasz * Washington Post *Riddle examines the use of plants as contraceptives, offering a fascinating view of the early knowledge of reproduction and attempts to regulate it. * Library Journal *This fine scholarly book expands on Riddle's previous work, Contraception and Abortion from the Ancient World to the Renaissance, to discover why and how women's extensive knowledge and use of plants, herbs, seeds, bark, and roots was lost after the 19th century...Highly recommended for students of the history of medicine at all levels. -- A. R. Davis * Choice *Riddle's work is a useful counterbalance to extreme skepticism about the pre-modern possibility of effective fertility control. -- Rebecca Flemming * Isis *John Riddle has established his reputation as a leading expert on ancient Greek pharmacology. In an earlier study, Contraception and Abortion from the Ancient World to the Renaissance, he argued that a much more reliable knowledge of oral contraceptives existed in the ancient and medieval worlds than had previously been thought. In this book, Riddle attempts a broader but partly overlapping study, a history of abortion and contraception in the Western tradition (Europe and the United States, with a glance at the Islamic World). More specifically, he challenges the common view that oral contraception was little practiced and largely ineffective until the 18th century...Riddle argues his case with learning and perspicacity. He draws widely on the specialist literature of a number of disciplines as he discusses, among other things, the theology of ensoulment of the fetus and the demographics of early modern Europe. -- Gary B. Ferngren * New England Journal of Medicine *Dr. Riddle demonstrates, as in his earlier Contraception and Abortion from the Ancient World to the Renaissance, that knowledge about fertility control existed and women had access to it lost to them in modern times. Both pro-abortion and anti-abortion advocates will find these books important, instructive, and maybe prescriptive...A scholarly sleuth, Riddle permits historical texts to speak...Riddle integrates modern chemical, pharmacological, and medical confirmations that what the ancients said worked probably did. * Journal of the American Medical Association *Riddle is a tireless scholar and an engaging writer, and as his story moves along in chronological order, it begins to read like an official history. But at heart Eve's Herbs is just the opposite: a gathering of nervous confessions and forbidden secrets, committed to paper as proof of a hidden tradition. Like a covey of quail flushed from tall grass, these anguished facts burst from the page with startling life. -- Burkhard Bilger * The Sciences *Table of ContentsAcknowledgments Introduction: Roe v. Wade 1. A Woman's Secret 2. The Herbs Known to Ancients 3. Ancient and Medieval Beliefs 4. From Womancraft to Witchcraft, 1200-1500 5. Witches and Apothecaries in the Sixteenth and Seventeenth Centuries 6. The Broken Chain of Knowledge 7. The Womb as Public Territory 8. Eve's Herbs in Modern America Epilogue Notes Index

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Book SynopsisFor a century, social scientists have avoided genetics like the plague. But the nature-nurture wars are over. In the past decade, a small but intrepid group of economists, political scientists, and sociologists have harnessed the genomics revolution to paint a more complete picture of human social life than ever before. The Genome Factor describesTrade Review"Too often, the debate over the ethics of genomics takes place behind closed doors--among scientists, doctors and government officials. Members of the general public are left out or treated as an afterthought rather than placed at the center of the conversation. Scientific research is crucial, but the moral dilemmas raised by The Genome Factor belong to us all."--Amy Dockser Marcus, Wall Street Journal "A fresh look at the nature vs. nurture debate... Illuminating."--KirkusTable of Contents1 Molecular Me: Welcome to the Coming Social Genomics Revolution 1 2 The Durability of Heritability: Genes and Inequality 12 3 If Heritability Is So High, Why Can't We Find It? 35 4 Genetic Sorting and Cavorting in American Society 60 5 Is Race Genetic? A New Take on the Most Fraught, Distracting, and Nonsensical Question in the World 84 6 The Wealth of Nations: Something in Our Genes? 113 7 The Environment Strikes Back: The Promise and Perils of Personalized Policy 136 CONCLUSION: Whither Genotocracy? 170 EPILOGUE: Genotocracy Rising, 2117 188 APPENDIX 1 196 APPENDIX 2 200 APPENDIX 3 204 APPENDIX 4 209 APPENDIX 5 219 APPENDIX 6 225 NOTES 233 INDEX 277

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Book SynopsisCharting the political, social, and environmental history of efforts to conserve crop diversity. Many people worry that we're losing genetic diversity in the foods we eat. Over the past century, crop varieties standardized for industrial agriculture have increasingly dominated farm fields. Concerned about what this transition means for the future of food, scientists, farmers, and eaters have sought to protectfruits, grains, and vegetables they consider endangered. They have organized high-tech genebanks and heritage seed swaps. They have combed fields for ancient landraces and sought farmers growing Indigenous varieties. Behind this widespread concern for the loss of plant diversity lies another extinction narrative that concerns the survival of farmers themselves, a story that is often obscured by urgent calls to collect and preserve. Endangered Maize draws on the rich history of corn in Mexico and the United States to uncover this hidden narrative and show how it shaped the conservation strategies adopted by scientists, states, and citizens. In Endangered Maize, historian Helen Anne Curry investigates more than a hundred years of agriculture and conservation practices to understand the tasks that farmers and researchers have considered essential to maintaining crop diversity. Through the contours of efforts to preserve diversity in one of the world's most important crops, Curry reveals how those who sought to protect native, traditional, and heritage crops forged their methods around the expectation that social, political, and economic transformations would eliminate diverse communities and cultures. In this fascinating study of how cultural narratives shape science, Curry argues for new understandings of endangerment and alternative strategies to protect and preserve crop diversity.Trade Review"Maize diversity is threatened by many factors, as science historian Helen Curry expertly discusses with specialists." * Nature *"What Curry analyzes through deft and accessible writing is not so much the danger maize faces, but the ways we understand it, and the narratives we use to tell its stories, which shape conservation efforts." * Civil Eats *"Curry has written a brilliant history that shows us how the narrative of crop diversity loss is itself jam-packed with troubling worldviews. . . .Endangered Maize is an enormously useful book, and one that will shape conversations about agricultural and human diversity for many years to come." * Metascience *"An excellent, captivating description of the origins, ideas, and motivations behind the narratives of maize as an endangered genetic resource and how these narratives have shaped the methods and tools of conservation adopted by scientists and states. . . . As a historian, Curry skillfully recounts the origins and evolution of narratives of extinction of indigenous​ ​landraces and conservation strategies, highlighting the complexity of preservation initiatives and the multiple actors​ ​involved and suggesting pathways for the future. A key merit of her account is a sound understanding of underlying​ ​aspects of the biology and genetics of maize and its conservation.​"" * Journal of Agrarian Change *"Curry’s…whole history of seed-seeking overturns its own motivations and puts people first." * Technology and Culture *"A thought-provoking book that combines excellent research with lucid writing." * Isis *Table of ContentsContents List of Figures Acronyms Introduction 1 • Collect 2 • Classify 3 • Preserve 4 • Copy 5 • Negotiate 6 • Evaluate 7 • Grow Coda Acknowledgments Notes Archives and Bibliography Index

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Book SynopsisIn the wake of the attack on the offices of Charlie Hebdo in Paris on 7 January 2015, millions took to the streets to demonstrate their revulsion, expressing a desire to reaffirm the ideals of the French Republic: liberté, égalité, fraternité. But who were the millions of demonstrators who were suddenly united under the single cry of ‘Je suis Charlie’?In this probing new book, Emmanuel Todd investigates the cartography and sociology of the three to four million who marched in Paris and across France and draws some unsettling conclusions. For while they claimed to support liberal, republican values, the real middle classes who marched on that day of indignant protest also had a quite different programme in mind, one that was far removed from their proclaimed ideal. Their deep values were in fact more reminiscent of the most depressing aspects of France’s national history: conservatism, selfishness, domination and inequality.By identifying the anthropological, religious, economic and political forces that brought France to the edge of the abyss, Todd reveals the real dangers posed to all western societies when the interests of privileged middle classes work against marginalised and immigrant groups. Should we really continue to mistreat young people, force the children of immigrants to live on the outskirts of our cities, consign the poorer classes to the remoter parts of the country, demonise Islam, and allow the growth of an ever more menacing anti-Semitism? While asking uncomfortable questions and offering no easy solutions, Todd points to the difficult and uncertain path that might lead to an accommodation with Islam rather than a deepening and divisive confrontation.Trade Review"Todd�s highly contrarian analysis of the Charlie movement and his strident tone have drawn widespread criticism. But the very boldness of his claims, backed up by hard data, commands attention. No student of the marches can ignore this deeply unconventional book." Times Literary Supplement"The value of Todd�s book lies in the persuasive counter-narrative that debunks the Manichean interpretation of events that has thus far prevailed in media and political circles."Times Higher Education"The book offers a deeply reflective analysis of the Charlie Hebdo affair in Paris, and uses it brilliantly to explore and criticise the inner tensions and selective historical amnesia of French society that are taken to be responsible for its current Islamophobia and anti-Semitism. It shows with great insight and wisdom how to deal with these disturbing trends."Bhikhu Parekh, House of Lords"Who Is Charlie? stands out from all that has been written on the two massacres that took place in Paris in January 2015. It is an impressive analysis and a gripping read - I couldn't put it down once I started reading it. Emmanuel Todd's concern is not merely to trace the cause of these crimes but to reflect on them as a way of understanding the structural contradictions of contemporary France - a nation that continually invokes its Jacobin legacy (liberty, equality, fraternity) and yet allows that legacy to be undermined. This book is a brilliantly argued polemic and essential reading for understanding Islamophobia as a symptom of neo-Republican France in crisis."Talal Asad, CUNY Graduate Center"Who is Charlie? is an important little book, timely and pertinent, and not just for what it says about France. In all Western societies it is the middle classes who enjoy what globalization has created and it is the middle classes who would keep the dispossessed excluded by means of wage inequality and control of education. At the same time, no longer buttressed by the metaphysics of religion, an anxiety haunts the vacuum of the hollow culture that has replaced Catholicism and Protestantism. Charlie seeks a scapegoat, needs one, and the kind of hysteria that gripped France after the events of 7th January is capable of manifesting itself in countries outside of France."Irish Left Review "Perceptive and chilling"London Review of BooksTable of ContentsPreface to the English editionIntroductionCHAPTER ONE: A religious crisisThe terminal crisis in CatholicismReligious decline and the rise of xenophobiaCatholic France and secular France: 1750-1960The two Frances and equalityFrom the One God to the single currencyFrançois Hollande, the Left, and zombie Catholicism2005: a missed opportunity in class struggle?Difficult atheismCHAPTER TWO: CharlieCharlie: middle class and zombie CatholicsNeo-republicanism1992-2015: from pro-Europeanism to neo-republicanismThe neo-republican reality: the ‘social state’ of the middle classesCharlie is anxiousSecularism versus the LeftCatholicism, Islamophobia and anti-SemitismCHAPTER THREE: When equality failsThe difficulties of secular, egalitarian FranceThe anthropology of a capitalism in crisisThe Europe of inequalityFrance, the Germans and the ArabsGermany and circumcisionThe great pro-European happening of 11 January 2015Russia: an exceptional caseThe mystery of ParisThe memory of placesThe four stages of the crisis CHAPTER IV: The French of the Far RightThe slow march of the National Front towards the centre ground in FranceA perversion of universalismRepublican anti-SemitismLe Pen, Sarkozy and equalityThe Socialist Party and inequality: the concept of objective xenophobiaMélenchon and inequalityThe insignificance of human beings and the violence of ideologies CHAPTER FIVE: The French MuslimsThe disintegration of North African culturesMixed marriages: Jews and MuslimsIdeologues and exogamyThe crushing of young people and the jihad factoryScottish fundamentalismMoving beyond the fear of religionIslam and equalityThe inequality of the sexesThe anti-Semitism of the suburbsConclusionThe real republican pastThe neo-republican presentFuture 1: ConfrontationFuture 2: the return to the Republic: an accommodation with IslamA foreseeable deteriorationThe secret weapon of the republican revival

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Book SynopsisWhile the high cost of education draws headlines, the cost of not educating America''s children goes largely ignored. The Price We Pay remedies this oversight by highlighting the private and public costs of inadequate education. In this volume, leading scholars from a broad range of fieldsincluding economics, education, demography, and public healthattach hard numbers to the relationship between educational attainment and such critical indicators as income, health, crime, dependence on public assistance, and political participation. They explore policy interventions that could boost the education system''s performance and explain why demographic trends make the challenge of educating our youth so urgent today. Improving educational outcomes for at-risk youth is more than a noble goal. It is an investment with the potential to yield benefits that far outstrip its costs. The Price We Pay provides the tools readers need to analyze both sides of the balance sheet and make informed decisions about which policies will pay off. Contributors include Thomas Bailey (Teachers College, Columbia University), Ronald F. Ferguson (Harvard University), Irwin Garfinkel (Columbia University), Jane Junn (Rutgers University), Brendan Kelly (Columbia University), Enrico Moretti (UCLA), Peter Muennig (Columbia University), Michael Rebell (Teachers College, Columbia University), Richard Rothstein (Teachers College, Columbia University), Cecilia E. Rouse (Princeton University), Marta Tienda (Princeton University), Jane Waldfogel (Columbia University), and Tamara Wilder (Teachers College, Columbia University).

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Book SynopsisHarm takes shape in and through what is suppressed, left out, or taken for granted.This book is a guide tounderstanding and uncovering what is left unsaidwhether concealed or silenced, presupposed or excluded. Drawing on a variety of real-world examples, narrative criminologist Lois Presser outlines how to determine what or who is excluded from textual materials. With strategies that can be added to the tool kits of social researchers and activists alike, Unsaidprovides a richly layered approach to analyzing and dismantling the power structures that both create and arise from what goes without saying.Trade Review"Presser concedes the impossibility of creating a comprehensive, all-inclusive text in which nothing is left unsaid as she advocates for honest and critical reflection to identify the unspoken assumptions and silenced viewpoints characteristic of all texts." * CHOICE *Table of ContentsContents Preface Acknowledgments 1. Kept Quiet 2. Too Little or Too Much Said 3. Figurative Expression 4. Missing Subjects 5. The Social Construction of Absences 6. Concluding Remarks: Boundless Texts, Better Worlds Appendix: A Word on Sampling Glossary Notes References Index

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Book SynopsisPresents a unified theory of economic growth since the dawn of civilization. This title provides a comprehensive overview of the three phases of the development process. It analyzes the Malthusian theory and its empirical support. It examines theories of demographic transition and their empirical significance.Trade ReviewOne of Choice's Outstanding Academic Titles for 2011 "Galor is the founder of unified growth theory. The theory seeks to uncover the principal forces behind the world's transition from the subsistence livelihoods experienced by early antecessors to the exponential increases in living standards that came with the Industrial Revolution... This book is a must for anyone interested in economic growth."--Choice "Galor provides a mass of data and theory that may help to frame the role of education in creating economic sustainability."--Josephine Gatti, International Social Science Review "[T]he contribution to economic science provided by Oded Galor poses an intellectual challenge for more general macroeconomic models ... which still need to provide comprehensive and endogenous explanations regarding the radical changes that affected the world economy in the aftermath of the economic and financial crisis."--Gianfranco Di Vaio, Journal of European and Economic History "This volume must be highly recommended to anyone interested in economic growth and comparative development."--Christopher Bliss, European LegacyTable of ContentsPreface xv CHAPTER 1: Introduction 1 1.1 Toward a Unified Theory of Economic Growth 3 1.2 Origins of Global Disparity in Living Standards 6 1.2.1 Catalysts for the Engine of Transition from Stagnation to Growth 6 1.2.2 Persistence of Prehistorical Biogeographical Conditions 7 1.2.3 Convergence Clubs 8 CHAPTER 2: From Stagnation to Growth 9 2.1 The Malthusian Epoch 10 2.1.1 Stagnation of Income per Capita in the Long Run 11 2.1.2 Population Dynamism 12 2.1.3 Fertility and Mortality 14 2.1.4 Fluctuations in Income and Population 15 2.1.5 Technological Progress 16 2.1.6 Main Characteristics of the Epoch 17 2.2 The Post-Malthusian Regime 17 2.2.1 Take-off in Income per Capita 18 2.2.2 Spike in Population Growth 18 2.2.3 Fertility and Mortality 23 2.2.4 Industrialization and Urbanization 25 2.2.5 Globalization and the Pace of Industrialization 27 2.2.6 Central Features of the Regime 29 2.3 Industrialization and Human Capital Formation 30 2.3.1 Industrial Demand for Education 31 2.3.2 Land Concentration and Human Capital Formation 37 2.3.3 Land Reforms and Education Reforms 39 2.3.4 Political and Education Reforms 42 2.3.5 Human Capital Formation in Less Developed Economies 45 2.3.6 Main Insights 45 2.4 The Demographic Transition 46 2.4.1 Decline in Population Growth 46 2.4.2 Fertility Decline 49 2.4.3 Mortality Decline 51 2.4.4 Life Expectancy 52 2.4.5 Central Characteristics 54 2.5 The Modern Growth Regime 55 2.5.1 Rapid Industrialization and Human Capital Formation 55 2.5.2 Sustained Growth of Income per Capita 57 2.5.3 Divergence in Income and Population across the Globe 57 2.5.4 Insights for Comparative Development 64 2.6 Concluding Remarks 65 CHAPTER 3: The Malthusian Theory 67 3.1 The Basic Structure of the Model 68 3.1.1 Production 69 3.1.2 Preferences and Budget Constraints 69 3.1.3 Optimization 70 3.2 The Evolution of the Economy 70 3.2.1 Population Dynamics 70 3.2.2 The Time Path of Income per Worker 72 3.3 Testable Predictions 74 3.4 Empirical Framework 74 3.4.1 Empirical Strategy 74 3.4.2 The Data 77 3.4.3 The Neolithic Revolution and Technological Advancement 78 3.4.4 Basic Regression Model 79 3.5 Cross-Country Evidence 80 3.5.1 Population Density in 1500 CE 81 3.5.2 Population Density in Earlier Historical Periods 86 3.5.3 Income per Capita versus Population Density 92 3.5.4 Effect of Technological Sophistication 96 3.5.5 Robustness to Technology Diffusion and Geographical Features 103 3.5.6 Rejection of Alternative Theories 105 3.6 Concluding Remarks 108 3.7 Appendix 110 3.7.1 First-Stage Regressions 110 3.7.2 Variable Definitions and Sources 110 CHAPTER 4: Theories of the Demographic Transition 115 4.1 The Rise in Income per Capita 116 4.1.1 The Theory and Its Testable Predictions 116 4.1.2 The Evidence 118 4.2 The Decline in Infant and Child Mortality 120 4.2.1 The Central Hypothesis 120 4.2.2 Evidence 121 4.3 The Rise in Demand for Human Capital 123 4.3.1 The Theory 125 4.3.2 Evidence: Education and the Demographic Transition 127 4.3.3 Quantity-Quality Trade-off in the Modern Era 129 4.4 The Rise in Demand for Human Capital: Reinforcing Mechanisms 130 4.4.1 The Decline in Child Labor 131 4.4.2 The Rise in Life Expectancy 131 4.4.3 Evolution of Preferences for Offspring Quality 132 4.5 The Decline in the Gender Gap 132 4.5.1 The Theory and Its Testable Predictions 133 4.5.2 The Evidence 135 4.6 The Old-Age Security Hypothesis 136 4.7 Concluding Remarks 136 4.8 Appendix 138 4.8.1 Optimal Investment in Child Quality 138 4.8.2 Optimal Investment in Child Quantity 139 CHAPTER 5: Unified Growth Theory 140 5.1 The Fundamental Challenge 142 5.2 Incompatibility of Non-Unified Growth Theories 143 5.2.1 The Malthusian Theory 143 5.2.2 Theories of Modern Economic Growth 145 5.3 Central Building Blocks 146 5.3.1 The Malthusian Elements 147 5.3.2 Engines of Technological Progress 147 5.3.3 The Origin of Human Capital Formation 148 5.3.4 The Trigger of the Demographic Transition 148 5.4 The Basic Structure of the Model 149 5.4.1 Production of Final Output 149 5.4.2 Preferences and Budget Constraints 150 5.4.3 Production of Human Capital 151 5.4.4 Optimization 152 5.5 Evolution of Technology, Population, and Effective Resources 155 5.5.1 Technological Progress 155 5.5.2 Population 155 5.5.3 Effective Resources 156 5.6 The Dynamical System 156 5.6.1 The Dynamics of Technology and Education 157 5.6.2 Global Dynamics 161 5.7 From Malthusian Stagnation to Sustained Growth 164 5.8 Main Hypotheses 166 5.9 Complementary Mechanisms 170 5.9.1 Sources of Human Capital Formation 170 5.9.2 Triggers of the Demographic Transition 171 5.9.3 Engines of Technological Progress 172 5.9.4 The Transition from an Agricultural to an Industrial Economy 172 5.10 Calibrations of Unified Growth Theory 174 5.11 Concluding Remarks 177 5.12 Appendix: Optimal Investment in Child Quality 178 CHAPTER 6: Unified Growth Theory and Comparative Development 179 6.1 Country-Specific Characteristics and the Growth Process 182 6.1.1 Factors Contributing to Technological Progress 183 6.1.2 Reinforcing Elements in Human Capital Formation 185 6.1.3 The Dynamics of Technology and Education 187 6.2 Variation in Technological Progress and Comparative Development 189 6.3 Variation in Human Capital and Comparative Development 191 6.3.1 The Emergence of Human Capital--Promoting Institutions 193 6.3.2 Globalization and Divergence 198 6.4 Persistence of Deeply Rooted Biogeographical Factors 208 6.4.1 The Neolithic Revolution and Comparative Development 208 6.4.2 The Out-of-Africa Hypothesis and Comparative Development 217 6.5 Multiple Growth Regimes and Convergence Clubs 226 6.6 Concluding Remarks 229 CHAPTER 7: Human Evolution and the Process of Development 232 7.1 Natural Selection and the Origins of Economic Growth 233 7.2 Primary Ingredients 235 7.2.1 The Darwinian Elements 235 7.2.2 The Malthusian Components 237 7.2.3 Determinants of Technological Progress and Human Capital Formation 237 7.2.4 The Trigger of the Demographic Transition 238 7.3 The Basic Structure of the Model 238 7.3.1 Production of Final Output 239 7.3.2 Preferences and Budget Constraints 240 7.3.3 Production of Human Capital 241 7.3.4 Optimization 242 7.3.5 Distribution of Types and Human Capital Formation 246 7.3.6 Time Path of the Macroeconomic Variables 249 7.4 The Dynamical System 254 7.4.1 Conditional Dynamics of Technology and Education 254 7.4.2 Conditional Dynamics of Technology and Effective Resources 259 7.4.3 Conditional Steady-State Equilibria 260 7.4.4 Human Evolution and the Transition from Stagnation to Growth 261 7.5 Failed Take-off Attempts 265 7.6 Main Hypotheses and Their Empirical Assessment 266 7.7 Complementary Mechanisms 269 7.7.1 Evolution of Entrepreneurial Spirit and Economic Growth 270 7.7.2 Evolution of Life Expectancy and Economic Growth 273 7.8 Concluding Remarks 278 7.9 Appendix 279 7.9.1 Conditional Dynamics of Technology and Education 279 7.9.2 Conditional Dynamics of Technology and Effective Resources 280 CHAPTER 8: Concluding Remarks 285 References 289 Name Index 311 Subject Index 317

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Book SynopsisThe secret to happiness, longevity, and living on is through mentoring the next generation.In How to Live Forever, Encore.org founder and CEO Marc Freedman tells the story of his thirty-year quest to answer some of contemporary life's most urgent questions: With so many living so much longer, what is the meaning of the increasing years beyond 50? How can a society with more older people than younger ones thrive? How do we find happiness when we know life is long and time is short? In a poignant book that defies categorisation, Freedman finds insights by exploring purpose and generativity, digging into the drive for longevity and the perils of age segregation, and talking to social innovators across the globe bringing the generations together for mutual benefit. He finds wisdom in stories from young and old, featuring ordinary people and icons like jazz great Clark Terry and basketball legend Kareem Abdul-Jabbar. But the answers also come from stories of Freedman's own mentors-a sawmill worker turned surrogate grandparent, a university administrator who served as Einstein's driver, a cabinet secretary who won the Presidential Medal of Freedom, and the gym teacher who was Freedman's father.How to Live Forever is a deeply personal call to find fulfillment and happiness in our longer lives by connecting with the next generation and forging a legacy of love that lives beyond us.

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Book SynopsisMaps the demographic revolution that has taken hold of many countries around the globe in recent decades and explores the implications for the future development of the world's religions.Table of Contents Introduction 1. Fertility and Faith How Changes in Fertility Shape Religious Structures and Behavior Part 1 2. Europe's Revolution The Demographic Revolution Begins 3. Spiritual and Secular The Decline of Europe's Faith 4. The Revolution Goes Global New Patterns of Fertility and Faith Spread Rapidly around the World 5 The United States Between Two Worlds? Part 2 6. Africa High Fertility and Strong Faith 7. Two-Tier Islam Uneven Demographic Transitions 8. Go Forth and Divide Populism, Faith, and Fertility Conclusion 9. Living in a Low-Fertility World Can Religions Adapt to the New Society?

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Book Synopsis What happens when vast population growth endangers the world’s food supplies? Or our water? Our energy needs, climate, or environment? Or the planet’s biodiversity? What happens if these all become critical at once? Just what is our future? Trade Review‘Just because we have collectively lost interest in the doom clock doesn't mean it has stopped ticking … Barnosky and Hadly are serious players … When tipping points are reached, the change can be violent as well as sudden … you cannot fault the authors' determination to try to warn us’ Newsweek ‘In ‘End Game’, academics Anthony Barnosky and Elizabeth Hadly eloquently lay out the ecological perils we face, deftly showing how they might segue into food and water shortages, disease, resource wars and mass migrations … Now we know the challenges for the 21st century; we just need to act’ Fred Pearce, New Scientist

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Book SynopsisAn accessible, authoritative book about the coronavirus pandemic by a leading journalist on the subjectTrade ReviewYou could not hope for a better guide to the pandemic world order than Debora MacKenzie, who's been on this story from the start. This is an authoritative yet readable explanation of how this catastrophe happened - and more important, how it will happen again if we don't change -- Tim Harford, author of THE UNDERCOVER ECONOMIST, ADAPT and MESSYThis definitely deserves a read - the first of the post mortems by a writer who knows what she's talking about -- Laura Spinney, Author of PALE RIDER: THE SPANISH FLU OF 1918 AND HOW IT CHANGED THE WORLDImpressively paced and comprehensive * New Statesman *Excellent . . . analyses clearly and authoritatively how the coronavirus pandemic played out, what governments should have done, and what we need to do when it happens again - as it undoubtedly will * Financial Times *I loved this book. Fast-paced, engaging, couldn't put it down. A heart-pounding telling of the misadventures that led to one of the worst pandemics in history. A story that we all think we know, but don't. And a story whose lessons, if unlearned, we will be condemned to repeat -- Dr Paul Offit, Author of PANDORA'S LAB and VACCINATED, Director of the Vaccine Education Center at the Children's Hospital of PhiladelphiaA fascinating behind the scenes look ... If someone asks you why the COVID-19 epidemic happened and how we can prevent the next one, hand them this book -- Steffanie Strathdee, PhD, Associate Dean of Global Health Sciences, University of California San Diego, and co-author of THE PERFET PREDATOR: A SCIENTIST'S RACE TO SAVE HER HUSBAND FROM A DEADLY SUPERBUGA vivid account of the origins and fortunes of coronavirus, warning that worse may be yet to come ... Charting the etiology and course of the virus, MacKenzie observes that nearly everything about its origins and spread offers lessons on how not to act when the next pandemic comes ... Essential, enlightening reading in a time of panic and plague -- Starred review * Kirkus *MacKenzie wisely leaves the specifics of who got what wrong when for another day. Instead, she focuses on the scientists and philanthropists, such as Bill Gates, who tried to alert the world to the threat ... Until we repair our injured planet and address the linked issues of globalisation and the disruption of animal habitats, Sars-CoV-2 is unlikely to be the last pandemic virus; MacKenzie also cautions that "hindsight helps you win the next battle, not the last one" * Observer *Debora MacKenzie is a leading science journalist, with vast experience writing about pandemic threats and neglected diseases. She uses her background to hit the ground running on one of the first books written on the emergence of COVID-19. As politicians and elected leaders increasingly work to change the narrative on COVID-19 on their steps to first contain and mitigate the pandemic, Debora's efforts lay it all out in stark terms -- Dr Peter Hotez, Author of VACCINES DID NOT CAUSE RACHEL’S AUTISM, Dean of the National School of Tropical Medicine at Baylor College of MedicineSo often, people look at the nature of disease in the midst of an outbreak when, really, it's the interaction between the disease and people that matters. That is at the heart of epidemiology, and it's what MacKenzie does beautifully in her book. Whether it's cultural practices with animals like bats, or the fear and delay in labeling it pandemic, to a woeful lack of funding for public health and vaccine research, or the misguided notion that disease will recognize boundaries just because people do-MacKenzie's fascinating book gives us the scope and scale to be able to put this pandemic in perspective and, it begs the question, will we learn from this in time to prevent to next one -- Molly Crosby, author of THE AMERICAN PLAGUE, ASLEEP and THE GREAT PEARL HEISTSome people write interesting autobiographical recollections of people, places, and events, while others offer an extensive and comprehensive anthology of a topic area. Deborah Mackenzie has not only succeeded in doing both in a single volume, but in a manner that is immensely engaging ... an excellent work for general consumption as well as for those already involved in communicable disease control, microbiology, epidemiology, and medical journalism. In our present climate of regrettable tweets, unverified facts, and deliberate misinformation, this timely book provides a delightful and important excursion into the world of outbreaks, epidemics, and pandemics -- Tim Sly, epidemiologist and Professor Emeritus at Ryerson University's School of Public HealthQuickly spiralling from a local outbreak to a global crisis, Debora MacKenzie provides a down-to-earth account of how the COVID-19 pandemic has played out so far and, crucially, how the world can be better prepared for the ever-present risk of another epidemic -- Peter Piot, director of the London School of Hygiene and Tropical MedicineScience journalist MacKenzie delivers a wise and accurate account of the COVID-19 pandemic, supplying readers with an objective assessment of where we are, how we got here, and how to prepare for future emerging infections * Booklist *It's difficult for any fellow journalist not to feel a deep professional respect, tinged with awe, for the sheer depth of knowledge and expertise she brings to what is her first book, and for the fast-paced, well-structured and highly accessible style in which she tells the Covid-19 story * Scotsman *For deep understanding of the years of policy mistakes, the ignored warnings and the viruses lurking as we invade ever more ecosystems, turn to Debora MacKenzie's magnificent COVID-19. Read about the Nipah virus and see what a civilisation-threatening pandemic might be like. Be afraid. * New Scientist *

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Book SynopsisExamining political performances' spatial arrangements, casting of roles, authorization of speech, oratorical techniques, styles of movement, behavioral conventions, and audience reactions, this book shows how nineteenth-century activists innovatively connected performative forms to critical content in order to make their activism more effective.Trade Review'With her distinctive form of precision historiography, Tracy Davis has given us a vital and necessary addendum to the long history and ongoing project of abolitionism. Focusing primarily on the lives and work of three Victorians, Davis elaborates a theory of performance that situates seemingly minor forms of activism - hosting dinners and attending meetings, letter-writing campaigns, journalistic reportage, and speechifying - as fundamental to the cultivation of solidarity and to the momentum of political engagement. This is a wonderful book: meticulously researched, compellingly argued, and beautifully narrated.' Patrick Anderson, University of California, San Diego'How was the work of social and political reform performed? And how did performance change the means and outcomes of that activism? In this remarkable, carefully-wrought book, Tracy Davis turns our attention to the importance of dramaturgy to the work of nineteenth-century reform movements, illuminating how one scholar can find performance in everything from petitioning to letter-writing and parades. A terrific feat of scholarship.' Carolyn Eastman, Virginia Commonwealth University'In her compelling new study, Tracy Davis challenges preconceptions about how early activists developed and shared their strategies, revealing networks of association and exchange that traversed the globe. This book invites readers to rethink what kinds of performances constitute activism and how historians can recover traces of those spectacles in even the most unlikely places.' Heather Nathans, Tufts University'Liberal Lives and Activist Repertoires explores the formation of the modern, liberal society through a broad variety of performative interactions. Political rhetoric, sermons, social conversations, and theatre are the foundation for this, made visible through Frederick Chesson's meticulously written diaries. Following the traces of women's and men's private lives and commitments to form public, political personae, Tracy C. Davis unfolds a broad and colourful panorama of the emergence of activism based in England but with connections to the United States, India under British rule, and a global network. Davis sets a new, inspiring standard in thinking about political performance.' Peter W. Marx, Institut für Medienkultur und Theater'Tracy Davis' timely and urgent study of the history of liberal campaigning in the Nineteenth Century insists on returning the question of performance to the history of activism. Drawing on the performance frames of mises en scene, repertoire and dramaturgy, Davis's excellent book reveals the performance tactics that activists deployed to make their case. This is Performance Studies at its best, revealing the theatre as a vital resource for the campaigning tactics underpinning Victorian repertoires of protest and persuasion that are still being used by activists today.' Aoife Monks, Queen Mary University of LondonTable of ContentsIntroduction: History as Performance History; 1. Forms and Increments of Performance; 2. Change Making: Incrementalism; 3. Bildung: Leveraging Critique to Propel the Precarious into Political Life; 4. Combative Pens; 5. Experiments in Becoming.

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Book SynopsisVolume II presents an authoritative overview of the various continuities and changes in migration and globalization from the 1800s to the present day. An important contribution to understanding migration as a form of international relations, this volume will interest specialists and students of world history, law and sociology.Table of ContentsIntroduction Marcelo J. Borges and Madeline Y. Hsu; 1. Multiscalar approaches and transcultural societal studies Dirk Hoerder; Part I. Coerced and Free Migrants: 2. Asian indenture migrations Crispin Bates; 3. Settler migrations Andonis Piperoglou; 4. Entangling labor migration in the Americas, 1840–1940 Benjamin Bryce; Part II. Empires, New Nations, and Migrations: 5. Pacific Islander mobilities from colonial incursions to the present Rachel Standfield and Ruth Faleolo with Darcy Wallis; 6. Japanese imperial migrations Eiichiro Azuma; 7. Europe's postcolonial migrations since 1945 Elizabeth Buettner; 8. Immigration restriction in the Anglo-American settler World, 1830s–1930s David C. Atkinson; Part III. Specialized Migrations and Commercial Diasporas: 9. Soldiers and sailors as migrants Leo Lucassen; 10. African trade networks and diasporas Ute Röschenthaler; 11. Exiles, convicts, and deportees as migrants: Northern Eurasia, nineteenth-twentieth centuries Zhanna Popova; Part IV. Circulations of Laborers: 12. Migration and Labor in Sub-Saharan Africa during the colonial period Opolot Okia; 13. The state as trafficker: governments and guestworkers in World history Cindy Hahamovitch; 14. Skilled migrant workers Monique Laney; 15. Global domestic work Pei-Chia Lan; Part V. Transnational Politics and International Solidarities: 16. Immigrants and their homelands Steven Hyland Jr.; 17. Global migrations and social movements from 1815 to the 1920s Jeanne Moisand; 18. Women's migration and transnational solidarity in the twentieth century Jessica Frazier and Johanna Leinonen; Part VI. Displaced Peoples and Refugees: 19. Enduring influence: legal categories of displacement in the early twentieth century Laura Madokoro; 20. Environmental changes, displacement, and migration Marco Armiero and Giovanni Bettini; 21. Refugee regimes David Scott FitzGerald; Part VII. Migrant Communities, Cultures, and Networks: 22. Brokerage and migrations during the nineteenth and twentieth centuries Xiao An Wu; 23. Immigrant cities since the late nineteenth century Michael Goebel; 24. Global migrants foodways Jeffrey M. Pilcher; 25. Professional migrants, enclaves, and transnational lives Shenglin Elijah Chang; Part VIII. Migration Control, Discipline, and Regulation: 26. Migrant illegalities since 1800 Marlou Schrover; 27. An intellectual history of citizenship Peter J. Spiro; 28. Mobilities and regulation in the Schengen zone Jochen Oltmer; 29. Externalization of borders Maurizio Albahari; Part IX. Technologies of Migration and Communication: 30. Mobility, transport and communication technologies Colin G. Pooley; 31. Migrant communication from the postal age to internet communities Sonia Cancian.

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Book SynopsisUnwanted Pregnancies & Public Policy An International Perspective

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Book SynopsisWhere will people live and work in 21st Century America? Everyone has to live somewhere, but very few people will live in the old urban centres of the 19th and 20th century. The old urban centres burdened with so much obsolescence and enormous replacement cost for their basic utilities just don''t have the ability to hold so many people even if the people wanted to live or work there. Increasing, at just 3% per year, the US population will be 556 million in the year 2022 and by 2047 over 1.166 billion! Just as technology created the old urban centres, new technology is now spawning the new urban centres in rural America and beyond. The sands of time have covered many large urban centres all over the world. They came to life, flourished and then expired when conditions changed. The many ghost towns in America along with the decay of many urban centres are also mute testimony to the transitory nature of man''s accomplishments and to the powerful influence of climate change, wars, natural disasters and most significantly in the last century, new technology. Our new urban centres will not only be in rural America, but even in the now remote parts of Alaska, Canada, Australia, the Orient and most significantly, the Moon and Mars. With some understanding of how technology drives these changes, we can be better prepared to plan for the future and accept the changes.

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Book SynopsisThe ageing of the American population and the retirement of the baby boom generation will place financial strains on Social Security, public and private pensions, and on retirees'' personal savings. Since the 1960s, birth rates have fallen and average life expectancy has increased. Consequently, the number of workers relative to the number of retirees is projected to decline, and retirees will have to stretch their savings and other assets over longer periods of retirement than their parents and grandparents experienced. This book presents data collected by the Census Bureau from 1969 through 2005 that describe how the demographic traits, employment patterns, and the sources and amounts of income of people 65 and older have changed over a period of nearly 40 years.

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Book SynopsisThe South Asian Association for Regional Co-operation (SAARC) encompasses seven countries of a large landmass containing one-fifth of the total global population. After the formation of SAARC in August 1980, several publications have been brought out by many organisations, which by and large deal with issues like economy, politics, administration and so on. This book comprises three articles, besides an introductory note by the editors and an epilogue on the important issues related to the bio-cultural relations-is the first of its kind. The book discusses, in depth, the biological and cultural affinities/linkages of the populations of these countries. While the biological affinities of the populations in respect of these countries have been traced back from the pre-historic to the contemporary period, the cultural linkages, with special reference to trade, religion, art, architecture and so on have been documented from the ancient to the medieval historical period of the region.

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Book SynopsisBook & Disk. This volume is an array of demographic data which can often be pictured in an intelligible and graphically striking way by a shaded contour map. The data might pertain to population levels or to rates of fertility, marriage, divorce, migration, morbidity, or mortality. Most often the data are structured by age and time (eg: age-specific death rates over time). Shaded contour maps permit visualisation of such demographic surfaces and offer a panoramic view impossible to obtain from the usual graphs of levels or rates at selected ages over time or a selected times over age. Contour maps are particularly effective in highlighting patterns in the interaction of age, period, and cohort effects. This monograph presents a bouquet of shaded contour maps to suggest the broad potential of their use in population studies. The value of such maps lies in their substantive import. Graphic designs, E R Tufte concluded, should give visual access to the subtle and difficult, that is, the revelation of the complex. Demographic surfaces can be particularly complex. A mortality surface, for example, might be defined over a century of age and a century of time, comprising 10,000 date points that may vary over four orders of magnitude. Shaded contour maps are an arresting, efficient, and clear means of giving demographers visual access to such data. William Playfair, the pioneer of graphic methods for presenting statistical data, argued that with a good visual display as much information may be obtained in five minutes as would require whole days to imprint on the memory, in a lasting manner, by a table of figures. The 100 shaded contour maps in this monograph summarise more than a half million data points in a memorable, revealing manner.

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Book SynopsisBook & CD-ROM. International comparisons of mortality aimed at revealing age-specific and time-specific differences in survival between Denmark and nine developed countries have been carried out by estimating surfaces of ratios of death rates in the last decades. To gain deeper insights into this phenomenon comparative analyses of death rates by causes of death for Denmark, Sweden, the Netherlands, and Japan have been performed. The book is accompanied by a CD-ROM including colour Lexis maps, graphs of trends in death rates by causes of death, animated graphs of common survival indicators and a Lexis program for producing Lexis maps.

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Book SynopsisPopulation health is complex and multileveled, encompassing dynamic interactions between cells, societies, and everything in between. Our typical approach to studying population health, however, remains oriented around a reductionist approach to conceptualizing, empirically analyzing, and intervening to improve population health. The trouble is that interventions founded on simplifying a complex world often do not work, sometimes yielding failure or, even worse, harm. The difficult truth is that silver bullet health science often fails, and understanding these failures can help us improve our approach to health science, and, ultimately, population health.SYSTEMS SCIENCE AND POPULATION HEALTH employs principles from across a range of sciences to refine the way we understand population health. By augmenting traditional analytic approaches with new tools like machine learning, microsimulation, and social network analysis, population health can be studied as a dynamic and complex system. This allows us to understand population health as a complex whole, offering new insights and perspectives that stand to improve the health of the public. This text offers the first educational and practical guide to this forward-thinking approach.Comprising 17 chapters from the vanguard of population health, epidemiology, computer science, and medicine, this book offers a three-part introduction to the subject:DT An intellectual and conceptual history of systems science as it intersects with population healthDT Concise, introductory overviews of important and emerging methodological tools in systems science, including systems dynamics, agent-based modeling, microsimulation, social network analysis, and machine-learning-all with relevant examples drawn from population health literatureDT An exploration of future implications for systems science and its applications to our understanding of population health issuesFor researchers, students, and practitioners, SYSTEMS SCIENCE AND POPULATION HEALTH redefines many of the foundational elements of how we understand population health. It should not be missed.Table of Contents1.Introduction Abdulrahman M. El-Sayed SECTION 1: Simplicity, complexity and population health 2. Reductionism at the dawn of population health Kristin Heitman 3. Wrong answers: when simple interpretations create complex problems David S. Fink, Katherine M. Keyes 4. Complexity: the evolution towards 21st century science Anton Palma, David W. Lounsbury 5. Systems thinking in population health research and policy Stephen Mooney SECTION 2: Methods in systems population health 6. Generation of systems maps: mapping complex systems of population health Helen de Pinho 7. Systems dynamics models Eric Lofgren 8. Agent-based modeling Brandon Marshall 9. Microsimulation Sanjay Basu 10. Social network analysis: the ubiquity of social networks and their importance for population health Douglas A. Luke, Amar Dhand, Bobbi J. Carothers SECTION 3: Systems science towards a consequential population health 11. Machine learning James H. Faghmous 12. Systems science and the social determinants of population health David S. Fink, Katherine M. Keyes, Magdalena Cerdá 13. Systems approaches to understanding how the environment influences population health and population health interventions Melissa Tracy 14. Systems of behavior and population health Mark Orr, Kathryn Ziemer, Daniel Chen 15. Systems under your skin Karina Standahl Olsen, Hege Bøvelstad, Eiliv Lund 16. Frontiers in health modeling Nathaniel Osgood 17. Systems science and population health Abdulrahman M. El-Sayed, Sandro Galea

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Book SynopsisAs the first of the 'Baby Boom' generation reaches the age of 60, this unusually large cohort born 1946-66 are poised to redefine retirement - just as they have restructured educational, housing, and labor markets before. This is the first book-length study of this generation, and offers an invaluable guide to the issues for the retirement system.Table of ContentsPART I: PROSPECTS FOR BABY BOOMER RETIREMENT ; Will Boomers Redefine Retirement? ; Cross-Cohort Differences in Retirement Expectations and Realizations ; The Sufficiency of Retirement Savings: Comparing Cohorts at the Time of Retirement ; Understanding Baby Boomers' Retirement Prospects ; PART II: CHANGING HEALTH STATUS AND HEALTH INSURANCE ; Are Boomers Living Well Longer? ; Baby Boomers vs Their Parents: Economic Well-Being and Health Status ; Cross-Cohort Differences in Heath on the Verge of Retirement ; Health Insurance Patterns Nearing Retirement ; PART III: NEW ROLES FOR RETIREMENT ASSETS ; The Impact of Pensions on Non-pension Investment Choices ; Measuring Pension Wealth ; Trends in Pension Values around Retirement ; Pension Portfolio Choice and Menu Exposure ; Saving Between Cohorts: The Role of Planning ; Retiring on the House? Cross-Cohort Differences in Housing Wealth

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Book SynopsisThe field of political demography - the politics of population change - is dramatically underrepresented in political science. At a time when demographic changes - aging in the rich world, youth bulges in the developing world, ethnic and religious shifts, migration, and urbanization - are waxing as never before, this neglect is especially glaring and starkly contrasts with the enormous interest coming from policymakers and the media. Ten years ago, [demography] was hardly on the radar screen, remarks Richard Jackson and Neil Howe of the Center for Strategic and International Studies, two contributors to this volume. Today, they continue, it dominates almost any discussion of America''s long-term fiscal, economic, or foreign-policy direction. Demography is the most predictable of the social sciences: children born in the last five years will be the new workers, voters, soldiers, and potential insurgents of 2025 and the political elites of the 2050s. Whether in the West or the developing world, political scientists urgently need to understand the tectonics of demography in order to grasp the full context of today''s political developments. This book begins to fill the gap from a global and historical perspective and with the hope that scholars and policymakers will take its insights on board to develop enlightened policies for our collective future.Trade ReviewPolitical Demography is a collection of essays that shows some of the results of the new research in more detail. A chapter by Mark Haas of Duquesne University in Pittsburgh argues that demographic change will consolidate America's strategic position because all other leading nations have such dire demographic trends. China's one-child policy means there is a shortage of women of child-bearing age. As a result, between now and 2050 the number of men in China aged 20 to 25 (ie, of prime military recruiting age) will halve. Similarly, points out Eric Kaufmann, in many countries, fundamentalist religious groups have fertility rates two or three times higher than the societies in which they live. Israel is a good example. Over time, this will alter the balance of power in those countries. * The Economist *Table of ContentsPART I Political Demography and Political Science ; 1. Introduction ; 2. A Theory of Political Demography: Human and Institutional Reproduction ; PART II Population and International Security ; 3. Demography and Geopolitics: Understanding Today's Debate in Its Historical Context ; 4. America's Golden Years? Security in an Aging World ; 5. A New Framework for Aging and Security: Lessons from Power Transition Theory ; PART III Demography, Development, and Conflict ; 6. Age Structure and Development through a Policy Lens ; 7. The Age-Structural Maturity Thesis: The Impact of the Youth Bulge on the Advent and Stability of Liberal Democracy ; 8. Youth Bulges and Violence ; 9. Democracy, Climate Change, and Conflict ; Part IV Demography and National Politics ; 10. Racial Demographics and the 2008 Presidential Election in the United States ; 11. Demography and Immigration Restriction in American History ; 12. The Changing Face of Europe ; 13. <"Go Forth and Multiply>": The Politics of Religious Demography ; Part V Demography in Ethnic and Religious Conflicts ; 14. Wombfare: The Religious and Political Dimensions of Fertility and Demographic Change ; 15. Deter or Engage?: The Demographic Structure of EthnoNationalist Mobilization ; 16. Demographic Change and Conflict in Contemporary Africa ; 17. The Devil in the Demography? Religion, Identity and War in Cote d'Ivoire ; Conclusion ; 18. Politics and Demography: A Summary of Critical Relationships ; References ; Index ; About the Contributors

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Book SynopsisAmerica is quickly going grey. There are more Americans alive today over the age of 80 than ever before in our history; by 2030, that number is expected to almost triple. But when we discuss how long people live, we must also consider how well they live. Aging Our Way follows the everyday lives of 30 elders (ages 85-102) living at home and mostly alone to understand how they create and maintain meaningful lives for themselves. Through extensive interviews, Meika Loe explores how elders navigate the practical challenges of living as independently as possible while staying healthy, connected, and comfortable. Aging Our Way celebrates these men and women as they really are: lively, complicated, engaging people finding creative ways to make their aging as meaningful and manageable as possible. Written with remarkable warmth and depth of understanding, Aging Our Way offers a vivid look at a group of people who too often remain invisible--those who have lived the longest - and all they have Trade ReviewAmericans are living longer lives today than ever before. But are these quality years? How are we experiencing 'these additional years' in our 80s, 90s, and even 100s? In Meika Loe's Aging Our Way, men and women tell how they are making the best of their time, even with personal limitations. These 'ways of aging' are summed up as lessons for reflection and action. I urge you to read and share this inspiring book with others for it enriches understanding of life paths that many will follow. * Glen H. Elder, Jr., Howard W. Odum Distinguished Research Professor of Sociology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill *Loe's writing is clear, jargon-free, and warm-she clearly likes and often admires her subjects. She has done an excellent job in organizing her book topically and lets her subjects speak for themselves, then distills their most important points. While there are few startling revelations, there is a great deal of wisdom. * Publisher's Weekly *Useful for its thoroughness, examples of resiliency, and attention to this growing phenomenon. * CHOICE *A lively, engaging, and moving read. Loe shows how the personal resources needed to cope with aging are closely tied to structural factors like race, class, gender, birth cohort, and socioeconomic status. Nearly any reader will find Aging Our Way relevant to their own life or the lives of their aging parents or relatives. * Deborah Carr, Professor of Sociology, Rutgers University *In this delightfully written book, Meika Loe illustrates how we continue to develop and become more diverse as we age. Aging Our Way is an engagingly written introduction to this new understanding of aging and will serve its readers well. * Peter V. Rabins, MD, MPH, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, co-author of The 36-Hour Day *Table of ContentsPrologue: 30-60-90: A Short Meditation on Age and Perspective ; Introduction: Living at Home and Making it Work ; Lesson 1: Continue to Do What You Did ; Lesson 2: (Re) Design Your Living Space ; Lesson 3: Live in Moderation ; Lesson 4: Take Time for Self ; Lesson 5: Ask for Help; Mobilize Resources ; Lesson 6: Connect with Peers ; Lesson 7: Resort to Tomfoolery ; Lesson 8: Care for Others ; Lesson 9: Reach out to Family ; Lesson 10: Get Intergenerational; Redefine Family ; Lesson 11: Insist on Hugs ; Lesson 12: Be Adaptable ; Lesson 13: Accept and Prepare for Death ; Conclusion: New Perspectives on the Oldest Old ; Postscript: On Doing Ninety (by Ann, research participant) ; Epilogue: Updates on Study Participants ; Appendix: Best Practices in Supporting Aging in Place ; References ; Index

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Book SynopsisPre-financial crisis, EU citizens were 'overlooking' Europe ignoring it in favour of globalisation, economic flows, and crises of political corruption. Innovative focus group methods allow an analysis of citizens' reactions, and demonstrate how euroscepticism is a red herring, instead articulating an indifference to and ambivalence about Europe.Trade ReviewThe last decade has witnessed the publication of major qualitative comparative studies of citizens' views and experiences of European integration. None can match, however, Overlooking Europe's theoretical and methodological rigor, nor its intellectual honesty. In a rare instance of genuine and successful collective work, the authors demonstrate and provide a highly sophisticated and original account of the ordinary citizens' cognitive and affective distancing with respect to the European integration process on the eve of Europe's 2008 debt and fiscal crisis. This account largely contradicts previous conclusions drawn from the analysis of public opinion survey data and forever changes our interpretation of political developments in the European Union since the late 1980s. Definitely a 'must' for those interested in European integration and in learning qualitative research methods." Juan Díez Medrano is Rafael del Pino Professor in the Department of Economic History and Institutions at the Universidad Carlos III de Madrid 'This book takes us backstage in a refreshing way to help us understand the thinking process and the ambivalences that people in different countries feel about the idea of Europe.' William Gamson is Professor of sociology at Boston college and co-director of the Media Research and Action Porject. 'For their focus group data, the authors take a very useful interpretive approach. I especially appreciated the way they investigated a political topic by encouraging debate that helped in understanding different political positions. This method for carefully studying similarities and differences is exactly the kind of innovation that we need in focus group research. David Morgan is Professor of Sociology at Portland State University 'The political normalisation of European integration is in the heart of this very beautiful book. It will interest the specialists of the European studies as well as the readers attentive to the methodological innovations. It is an excellent catalogue of some the richest, most innovative and empirically solid research in comparative political science' Yves Déloye, is Professor of political science at Sciences Po Bordeaux and the editor of the Revue française de science politique. 'In a field replete with studies of citizen's views of the EU, Overlooking Europe stands alone for the originality of its focus group approach, providing new insights into how Europeans from different member-states look at and, indeed, 'overlook' Europe differently. The book explodes many of the received assumptions about European citizens whether as increasingly pro-European or Eurosceptic to show that mostly they simply don't know, and very often don't care. Overlooking Europe, in brief, is a book that should not be overlooked.' Vivien A. Schmidt is Jean Monnet Professor of European Integration and Director of the Center for the Study of Europe, Boston University.Table of ContentsNotes on Contributors Preface and Acknowledgements; S.Duchesne, E.Frazer, F.Haegel & V.Van Ingelgom Introduction: Outline of the Book; S.Duchesne, E.Frazer, F.Haegel & V.Van Ingelgom Concepts and Theory: Political Sociology and European Study; S.Duchesne, E.Frazer, F.Haegel & V.Van Ingelgom National Frames: Reactions to a Multi-level World; F.Haegel Social Gap: the Double Meaning of 'Overlooking'; S.Duchesne When Ambivalence meets Indifference; V.Van Ingelgom Representation and Legitimation; E.Frazer & V.Van Ingelgom Reflections on Design and Implementation; S.Duchesne, E.Frazer, A.P.Frognier, G.Garcia, F.Haegel & V.Van Ingelgom Conclusion: Citizens Talking about Europe; S.Duchesne, E.Frazer, F.Haegel & V.Van Ingelgom Post Script: Searching for the Grail; A.P.Frognier References Appendices Notes

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Book SynopsisDrawing on his Elements of Physical Biology (1925) and most of his mathematical papers, Latka offered French readers insights into his biological thought and a concise and mathematically accessible summary of what he called recent contributions in demographic analy­ sis.Table of ContentsPrinciples: 1. On Evolution in Organic and Inorganic Systems. 2. On the Direction of Time. 3. On Energetics and Uncertainty. 4. Biological Stoichiometry. Demographic Analysis with Specific Application to the Human Species: 1. Introduction. 2. Relations Involving Mortality and Births. 3. Relations Involving Fertility. 4. The Progeny of a Population Element. 5. Indices and Measures of Natural Increase. 6. Relations Involving Fertility by Birth Order. 7. Relations Involving the Survival Functions of Two Individuals. 8. Extinction of a Line of Descent. 9. Conclusion. Appendix. Bibliography. Author Index. Subject Index.

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