Population and demography Books

Book SynopsisIn the late nineteenth and the early twentieth century, it was widely assumed that society ought to foster the breeding of those who possessed favorable traits and discourage the breeding of those who did not. Controlled human breeding, or "eugenics" as it was called, was a movement with broad support that lasted into the 1930s. In this concise historical account, the author answers the questions of why eugenics, the search for means to propage only "good genes," was so attractive earlier in the twentieth century, why it then fell into disrepute, and whether it has returned today in the new guise of genetic counseling.Trade Review""This is an excellent book and deserves a wide readership.”-Journal of the History of the Behavioral Sciences

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Book SynopsisThis open access book offers new insights into the ageing-migration nexus and the nature of home. Documenting the hidden world of France’s migrant worker hostels, it explores why older North and West African men continue to live past retirement age in this sub-standard housing. Conventional wisdom holds that at retirement labour migrants ought to instead return to their families in home countries, where their French pensions would have far greater purchasing power. This paradox is the point of departure for a book which transports readers from the banlieues of Paris to the banks of the Senegal River and the villages of the Anti-Atlas. In intimate ethnographic detail, the author brings to life the experiences of these older labour migrants by sharing in the life of the hostels as a resident, by observing at close quarters the men's family life on the other side of the Mediterranean as a guest in their homes, and even by accompanying them in their travels by bus, sea, and air. The monograph evaluates several theories of migration against rich qualitative data gathered from multiple methods: biographical narrative and semi-structured interviews, participant observation, and archival research. In the process, it offers a thoughtful contribution to broader debates on what it means for migrants to belong and achieve inclusion in society. This book has been awarded an ‘honourable mention’ in the Khayrallah Prize in Migration Studies, courtesy of the Moise A. Khayrallah Center for Lebanese Diaspora Studies at North Carolina State University. For more information please see: https://lebanesestudies.ncsu.edu/awards/scholarly/2018.php. This book has been nominated for the 2019 BSA Philip Abrams Memorial PrizeTrade Review Table of Contents1. Journey’s End? Old Age in France’s Migrant Worker Hostels.- 2. Points of Departure: Geographical, Historical and Theoretical Contexts.- 3. Your Papers, Please: the Temporal and Territorial Demands of Welfare State Inclusion.- 4. Home / Sick: the Health–Migration Order.- 5. Return to Sender: Remittances, Communication and Family Conflict.- 6. Getting One’s Bearings: Re-integration in the Home Community.- 7. Loss of Autonomy, Dying and the Penultimate Voyage.- 8. Conclusion: the Returns from Theory and a New Approach to Home.- Appendix: notes on method.

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Book SynopsisThis open access book examines the methodological complications of using complexity science concepts within the social science domain. The opening chapters take the reader on a tour through the development of simulation methodologies in the fields of artificial life and population biology, then demonstrates the growing popularity and relevance of these methods in the social sciences. Following an in-depth analysis of the potential impact of these methods on social science and social theory, the text provides substantive examples of the application of agent-based models in the field of demography. This work offers a unique combination of applied simulation work and substantive, in-depth philosophical analysis, and as such has potential appeal for specialist social scientists, complex systems scientists, and philosophers of science interested in the methodology of simulation and the practice of interdisciplinary computing research.​Table of ContentsPart I Agent-Based Models: 1 Introduction.- 2 Simulation and Artificial Life.- 3 Making the Artificial Real.- 4 Modelling in Population Biology.- Part II Modelling Social Systems: 5 Modelling for the Social Sciences.- 6 Analysis: Frameworks and Theories.- 7 Schelling: A Success for Simplicity.- 8 Conclusions Part III Case Study: Simulation in Demography.- 9 Modelling in Demography: From Statistics to Simulations.- 10 Model-Based Demography in Practice: I.- 11 Model-Based Demography in Practice: II.- 12 Conclusions.

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Book Synopsis Written by the 2018 Mindel C. Sheps Award winner, this textbook offers a unique method for teaching how to model spatial (multiregional) population dynamics through models of increasing complexity. Each chapter in this programmed workbook starts with a descriptive text, followed by a sequence of exercises focused on particular multiregional models, of increasing complexity, and then ends with the solutions.It extends the current developments in the spatial analysis of social data towards improving our understanding of dynamics and interacting change across multiple populations in space. Frameworks for analyzing such dynamics were first proposed in multiregional demography, over 40 years ago. This book revisits these methods and then illustrates how they may be used to analyze spatial data and study spatial population dynamics.Topics covered include spatial population dynamics, population projections and estimations, spatial and age structure of migration flows and much more. As such this innovative textbook is a great teaching and learning tool for teachers, students as well as individuals who want to study demographic processes across space.Table of Contents1 Uniregional Models With No Age Dependence.- 2 Spatial Population Dynamics: Location Without Age.- 3 Uniregional Population Dynamics: Age Without Location.- 4 Multiregional Population Dynamics: Age With Location.- 5 Multiregional Projection and Stable Growth.- 6 Birthplace-Specific Life Tables and Projections.- 7 The Spatial Patterns and Structures Of Migration.- A: Sample Datasets and Figures.- B: An Introduction To Matrix Algebra.

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Book SynopsisThe decennial Census is the US Government's largest statistical undertaking, and it costs billions of dollars in planning, execution, and analysis. From a statistical viewpoint, it is critical because it is the only database that maps every inhabitant into a geographic location. By constitutional mandate, census data are the basis for reapportioning the House of Representatives and the Electoral College. The states use census data to redistrict their state legislatures and often to redraw boundaries for local elections. Census data inform the distribution of over $1.5 trillion in federal funding during the decade. This book details the fundamentals and significance of the 2020 Census for the non-specialist reader. It covers why the Census is the only statistical activity required by the US Constitution, the challenges of working towards an accurate and complete count, and what political ramifications flow from this process. Concise, timely, and comprehensible, this book provides helpful real-life examples while also offering an overview of the entwined statistical and political issues that surround the Census. Table of Contents1. The Census: A Pillar of American Democracy and American Society.- 2. Who, What, When, Where of the Census.- 3. Who’s Missing: Undercounting and Underreporting.- 4. The Citizenship Issue and Gerrymandering.- 5. Privacy and Data Protection. 6. Are There Alternatives to the Census?.

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Book SynopsisThis open access book provides an overview of the ever-growing phenomenon of children in shared physical custody thereby providing legal, psychological, family sociological and demographical insights. It describes how, despite the long evolution of broken families, only the last decade has seen a radical shift in custody arrangements for children in divorced families and the gender revolution in parenting which is taking place. The chapters have a national or cross-national perspective and address topics like prevalence and types of shared physical custody, legal frames regulating custody arrangements, stability and changes in arrangements across the life course of children, socio‐economic, psychological, social well-being of various family members involved in different custody arrangements. With the book being an interdisciplinary collaboration, it is interesting read for social scientists in demography, sociology, psychology, law and policy makers with an interest family studies and custody arrangements.Table of ContentsChapter 1. Introduction: Advances in research on Shared Physical Custodyby interdisciplinary approaches.- Part I: Interdisciplinary overviews.- Chapter 2. Alternating homes – a new family form - The family sociology perspective.- Chapter 3. Psychological Perspectives on Joint Physical Custody.- Chapter 4. A European Model for Harmonizing the Law on Parental Responsibilities.- PART II: Parents and JPC.- Chapter 5. Are “Part-Time Parents” Healthier Parents? Correlates of Shared Physical Custody in Switzerland.- Chapter 6. Linkages Between Children's Living Arrangements After Divorce and the Quality of the Father-Child Relationship; Father involvement as important underlying mechanism.- Chapter 7. Who cares? An event history analysis of co-parenthood dynamics in Belgium.- PART III: Children and JPC.- Chapter 8. The SOHI: Operationalizing a new model for studying teenagers’ sense of home in post-divorce families.- Chapter 9. The Socioeconomic Gradient of Shared Physical Custody in two Welfare States: comparison between Spain and Sweden.- Chapter 10. Shared parenting after divorce and child outcomes.- PART IV: Dynamic view on JPC.- Chapter 11. The Different Ways of Implementing Shared Physical Custody in the French Context.- Chapter 12. Coparenting interventions and shared physical custody: Insights and challenges.- PATR V: Legal frameworks of Child Support.- Chapter 13. Shared Physical Custody After Parental Separation: Evidence from Germany.- Chapter 14. Shared physical custody and child maintenance arrange-ments: A comparative analysis of 13 countries using a model family approach.

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Book SynopsisThis open access book provides a step-by-step overview on how to build a microsimulation model with SAS. It shows how to convert an already existing multistate projection by age, sex, education and region into a microsimulation model. Two new dimensions are then added, either the labor force participation and the sector of activity, and/or some examples of outputs and alternative scenarios that would not be possible with standard demographic methods. The book also describes how to adapt the model for other countries or other purposes. It also provides details on how to extend and adapt the model for other purposes as well as other use of microsimulation with SAS. The book suggests codes that are easy to understand, so they can be replicated or adapted for other purposes. As such, this book provides a great resource for people with beginner to intermediate knowledge in SAS.Table of ContentsChapter 1. Introduction.- Chapter 2. Getting Started.- Chapter 3. Converting a Cohort Component Model into a Microsimulation Model.- Chapter 4. Adding New Dimensions.- Chapter 5. Building Alternative Scenarios.- Chapter 6. Extending and Adapting the Model.- Chapter 7. Conclusion.

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Book SynopsisStarting with a working definition, this comprehensive work defines the attributes of the population health model. It clarifies what population health is and is not. It discusses health disparities and the social determinants of health and illness and provides new ways of moving forward towards a more sustainable healthcare model in a changing society, thereby pointing out the importance of multi-sector collaboration for collective impact for community health improvement. The book takes this further by providing sources of data to support the population health model. As such, this book provides a must-read for students and anyone working, teaching or consulting in population healthcare.Table of Contents1 Defining Population Health2 The Road to Population Health: A Changing Society3 The Road to Population Health: A Changing Healthcare System 4 The Roots of Population Health5 Health Status and How to Measure It6 The Social Determinants of Health and Illness7 Paying the Piper: Health Disparities8 Population Health and Healthcare Delivery9 Population Health and Public Policy10 Traditional Approaches to Community Health Data11 Data Needs for the Population Health Model12 The Role of the Community in Population Health Improvement

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Book SynopsisGlobally, women are having half as many children as they had just fifty years ago. Why have birth rates fallen, and how will low fertility affect our shared future? In Decline and Prosper!, demographic expert Vegard Skirbekk offers readers an accessible, comprehensive and evidence-based overview of human reproduction. Readers learn about the evolution of childbearing across different populations and how fertility is related to (changes in) our reproductive capacity, contraception, education, religion, partnering, policies, economics, assisted reproduction, and catastrophes. Readers will explore the future of family size and its impact on human welfare, women’s empowerment and the environment. Skirbekk argues that low fertility is on the whole a good thing, while recognizing the challenges of population aging and “coincidental” childlessness. A balanced, integrative examination of one of the most important issues of our time, Decline and Prosper! drives home the fact that we must ultimately adapt to a world with fewer children. The book will be invaluable to anyone who is interested in the far-reaching effects of global fertility, including researchers and students of demography, social statistics, medical sociologists, family and childhood studies, human geographers, sociology of culture, social and public policy.Trade Review“This book assembles many findings, facts, insights, and opinions related to fertility … . The book is easy to read … .” (Nico Keilman, Journal of Peace Research, March 1, 2023)“Dr. Skirbekk’s prescriptions could help ameliorate some problems young men are experiencing throughout the developed world.” (Jessica Grose, The New York Times, nytimes.com, February 15, 2023)“Vegard Skirbekk’s Decline and Prosper! Changing Global Birth Rates and the Advantages of Fewer Children is a welcome reality check. … ‘… the breadth of this book is, in fact, its great strength.’ And with this, I wholeheartedly agree. Decline and Prosper! is a concise and engaging overview of what we know about low fertility, how we got there, and why it will almost surely persist. And, ultimately, that things will be fine.” (Joshua Wilde, Population and Development Review, September 14, 2022)“It is a valuable resource, presenting much research on fertility around the world. … I recommend it to anyone interested in human fertility and demography.” (Frank Götmark, overpopulation-project.com, September 6, 2022)Table of ContentsIntroduction.- Measuring Fertility.- How Many Children Can Humans Have Biologically?.- Fertility from the Dawn of Humanity through the 19th Century.- The Demographic Transition: Fewer Deaths and Fewer Births, Eventually.-Contemporary Global Fertility.The New Have-Nots: Childlessness in the 21st Century.- More Education, Fewer Children.- An Era of Choice: Childbearing Has Become More Planned.- Fertility Preferences: How Many Children Do People Want?.- Delaying Parenthood, For Better and For Worse.- Finding a Mate: Contemporary Partnership and Conception.- Money Matters: The Economics of Fertility.- Fertility in the Aftermath of Disaster.- New Times, Old Beliefs: Religion and Contemporary Fertility.- Contemporary Fertility from an Evolutionary Perspective: Are the Fittest Still Surviving?.- How Low Will It Go? Projecting Future Fertility.- Fertility, Population Growth and Population Composition.- Fertility Policies: Past, Present, and Future Directions.- Low – But Not Too Low – Fertility is a Good Thing.

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Book SynopsisPart 1. Introduction.- 1. Introduction to the International Handbook of the Demography of Poverty and Inequality (Dudley L. Poston, Jr. and Joachim Singelmann).- Part 2. Basics of Poverty and Inequality.- 2. Definitions and Measurement in Comparative Perspective (Joachim Singelmann).- 3. Global and Regional Poverty Trends (Joachim Singelmann).- Part 3. The Demography of Poverty and Inequality.- 4. The Family Revolution: Changing Family Structure and Poverty in the United States (Daniel T. Lichter and Brian C. Thiede).- 5. Latino Poverty in the United States Rogelio Sáenz and Christina Quintanilla-Muñoz.- 6. African Americans, Inequality and Poverty in the United States (Danny E. Malone, Jr.).- 7. Socioeconomic Inequalities in the Lesbian and Gay Male Populations (Ceylan Engin, Ladin Toplu, Wanjun Chen, Amanda K. Baumle, and Dudley L. Poston, Jr.).- 8. Socioeconomic Inequalities in the Transgender and Nonbinary Populations (Mary Ann Davis, D'Lane R. Compton, and Dudley L. Poston, Jr.).- Part 4. Policies to Reduce Poverty and Inequality.- 9. International Migration, Inequality and Poverty (Susan Brown).- 10. Poverty and Disabilities in the Context of the Great Recession (Richard Harris, Joachim Singelmann and Daniela Krotzer).- 11. Educational Expansion, Poverty, and Inequality: Perspectives on Complex Interconnections (Mark J. Schafer).- 12. COVID, Vulnerability, and Financial Well-Being among Low Income Households (Carson Mencken, Mackenzie Brewer and Jodien Matos Johnson).- 13. Women Veterans, Poverty, and Homelessness (Lily Casura and Richard Harris).- 14. Poverty, Precarious Employment and Poor Child Outcomes (Jianghong Li and Wen-Jui Han).- 15. Urban Development Policies and Poverty (Monica Cruz).- Part 5. Poverty and Inequality: Country Perspectives.- 16. Poverty and Inequality in the Federal Republic of Germany (Martin Kronauer and Jan Goebel).- 17. Poverty in China (Demetrea Nicole Farris and Dudley L. Poston, Jr.).- 18. Mitigating Child Poverty in Australia (Alfred M. Dockery, Alan S. Duncan, and Christopher Twomey).- Part 6. Conclusion.- 19. Discussion of Policy Recommendations and Their Implications (Joachim Singelmann and Dudley L. Poston, Jr.).

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Book Synopsis1. Introduction.- 2. The Mid-Century Origins of an International Population Control Movement, 1950-1970.- 3. Fertility Transitions and Reproductive Rights, 1970–2000.- 4. 21st Century Diversity in Fertility, Development, and Women’s Empowerment.- 5. Development and Women’s Empowerment Challenges of the High Fertility Population.- 6. Very Low Fertility, Concerns over Development and Women’s Reproductive Rights.- 7. Conclusions.

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Book SynopsisPart I: Theoretical Perspectives.- Chapter 1. Social demography and social capital: An introduction and overview.- Chapter 2. Climate change and migration readiness, willingness, and ability.- Chapter 3. Policies and fertility: Pronatalist vs. structural approaches.- Chapter 4. Social origin and family formation: How marriage and parenthood affect the (re)production of social inequalities.- Part II: Marriage and Union Formation.- Chapter 5. The declining significance of age in support for cohabitation, 1994-2022.- Chapter 6. Do global inequalities shape marriage market patterns? Rethinking assortative mating in cross-national unions.- Chapter 7. Partnering with partisans: The importance of party identity for long-term partner preferences.- Chapter 8. Religious paradox or political divide? The intersection of religion, politics, and place of marriage in the US.- Part III: Contemporary Family Dynamics.- Chapter 9. U.S. women’s and men’s experience of complex parenthood.- Chapter 10. The impact of blurred work-family boundaries on parents’ well-being.- Chapter 11. Adults’ verbal abuse toward children: The role of unintended parenthood, parenting stress, and social psychological risk.- Part IV: Fertility and Childlessness.- Chapter 12. Subjective well-being and fertility uncertainty during the pandemic.- Chapter 13. Prevalence, cohort trends, and correlates of multiple-partner fertility in Colombia.- Chapter 14. Delayed fertility and childlessness.- Part V: Models and Methods.- Chapter 15. Generalizing the period-cohort translation relationship to mortality and other decrements.- Chapter 16. Heterogeneity in disability-free life expectancy: A discrete mixture model.- Chapter 17. Exponential age-change in fertility, proportional age-change, and stability.

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Book SynopsisChapter 1. From Questions to Methods: An Overview of the Book. Chapter 2. Introduction: Motivations and Goals.- Chapter 3. U-shaped Trend in Various Dimensions of Inequality in the US.- Chapter 4. Closing Racial Gap in the US.- Chapter 5. Tools for Analyzing Educational Assortative Mating.- Chapter 6. The Framework of Sorting along a Single Trait without Singles.- Chapter 7. The Framework of Sorting along a Single Trait with Singles.- Chapter 8. The Framework of Sorting along Multiple Traits without Singles.- Chapter 9. The Framework of Sorting along Multiple Traits with Singles.- Chapter 10. The Challenge of and the Need for Selecting the Suitable Analytical Tools.- Chapter 11. Selecting the Suitable Analytical Tools.- Chapter 12. Application of a Well-performing Analytical Tool to Multiple Countries.- Chapter 13. Trends in Sorting along Race in the US at the National Level.- Chapter 14. Conclusions.

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Book SynopsisPart 1. Introduction & Theoretical Framework.- 1. Healthy Aging: Concept, Global Actions, and the Role of ICT (Danan Gu, Qiushi Feng, Kun Wang, Hee Yun Lee).- 2. ICT Use among Older Adults around the World (Danan Gu, Qiushi Feng, Kun Wang, Hee Yun Lee).- 3. Key Theories and Frameworks Related to ICT and Healthy Aging (Danan Gu, Kun Wang, Qiushi Feng, Hee Yun Lee).- 4. A Literature Review on Linkages between ICT Use and Healthy Aging (Danan Gu, Qiushi Feng, Kun Wang, Hee Yun Lee).- Part 2. Associated Factors with ICT Use.- 5. Internet Engagement Patterns in African American Older Adults: Unraveling Gender and Age Disparities (Wang, K., Kubanga, K., & Tripathi, S.).- 6. Associates of Internet and Social Media Use among Older Adults in China (Gu, Feng, Mo Y, Cai Z.).- 7. The Role of Socio-cultural Factors and the Intention to use Welfare Technology among Older Adults Living in the Community: Comparison between Korea and U.S. During the COVID-19 Pandemic (Kang, S.Y. & Kim, J.K.).- 8. Multinational Comparisons of Factors Associated with Internet Use among Older Adults (Danan Gu, Qiushi Feng, Kun Wang, Haiyan Zhu, Summer Xia Chen).- 9. Digital Inequality and Barriers among Older Adults in China (Danan GU, Qiushi Feng, Kun Wang, & Haiyan Zhu).- 10. Examining First and Second-Level Digital Divide at the Intersection of Race/Ethnicity, Gender, and Socioeconomic Status: An Analysis of the National Health and Aging Trends Study (Wang, K., Chen, X. S., Gu, D., Smith, B. D., Dong, Y., & Peet, J. Z.).- 11. Bridging the Access Gap: A Decade of Narrowing the Digital Divide for Hispanic Older Adults in the United States (Wang, K., Chen, X. S., Dong, Y., Sanabria Véaz, K. G., & Gu, D.).- Part 3. ICT Use and Health Behaviors and Perception of Aging.- 12. Does the Use of Social Media Affect Online Health Information-Seeking Behaviors among Underserved African Americans in Rural Alabama? (Hee Yun Lee, Kun Wang, Karen Johnson, Kefentse Kuhanga, Areum Han, Funyoung Choi, Maxwell Sleep-Frankel).- 13. Information and Communication Technology Use for Seeking Health Information in Vietnamese Living in Rural Areas (Hee Yun Lee, Kun Wang, Danielle F. Deavours, Jiyoung Lee, Tanya Fulmore Ott, Jongwook Lee, Sangchul Yoon, Maxwell Sleep-Frankel).- 14.  Purposes of Using Social Media Among Older Adults in China (Danan Gu, Qiushi Feng, Haiyan Zhu, Siyao Lu, Yuanying Liu).- 15. Reciprocal Associations Between Self-Perception of Aging and Social Media Use Among Older Adults: Exploring Gender and Age Differences (Wang, K. & Gu, D.).- Part 4. ICT Use and Healthy Aging.- 16. Exploring the Associations Between ICT Access, Frequency, Breadth, and Cognitive Functioning in Older Adults (Dong, Y, Johnson, C., & Wang, K).- 17. Exploring the Impact of ICT Use on Cognitive Function in Older Adults: Mediating Effects of Psychological Well-Being and Control (Dong, Y., Johnson, C., & Wang, K).- 18. Older Adults’ Online Activities and Cognition: Investigating the Psychological Mechanisms and Age and Gender Differences (Wang, K., Chen, X. S., Kang, S. Y., Smith, B. D., & Gu, D.).- 19. Social Media use and Self-rated Health among Chinese Older Adults (Danan Gu, Haiyan Zhu, & Qushi Feng).- 20. Social Media use and Subjective Well-being (Danan Gu, Qiushi Feng, Fang Yang, Kun Wang).- 21. Social Media use and Aging Experiences Among Older Adults in China (Danan Gu, Qiushi Feng, & Fang Yang).- Part 5. Prospects and Conclusions.- 22. Promoting ICT use and Healthy Aging in the Digital (Qiushi Feng, Danan Gu, Kun Wang, Hee Yun Lee).- 23. Conclusions (Kun Wang, Hee Yun Lee, Qiushi Feng, Danan Gu).

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Book Synopsis Contemporary Jewish identity, integration and acculturation in Europe has become an urgent topic in view of the current wave of antisemitism and reliable research on the present state of Jewish identity is scarce. Lilach Lev Ari has chosen three ethnically diverse communities – Paris, Brussels, and Antwerp – that can shed a light on the identity and acculturation of the Jewish minority in Europe. To understand patterns of social integration of native-born and immigrant Jews in the three host societies she applies the correlational quantitative method and has conducted semi-structured interviews. The study can promote further understanding of Jewish continuity within the non-Jewish host societies in a situation, when there is a concern about the resilience and strength of the Jewish communities vis-à-vis new waves of antisemitism.

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Book SynopsisDue to the accelerating demographic change of the population the reform of the existing pension systems constitutes one of the greatest political challenges in most European countries. A theoretical discussion of different pension reforms must incorporate not only the demographic aspect but also the role of financial market risk and the impact on production and employment. These notes develop a dynamic macroeconomic model which incorporates these aspects within a flexible theoretical framework. The proposed approach provides a large scale population model and features a sound description of the production side as well as of the financial side of the economy and their interactions with the pension system. Within this framework various adjustment policies of the pension system are studied under different population scenarios. The consequences for the economy and the welfare of consumers are analyzed and compared.Trade ReviewFrom the reviews: "The book … studies the implications of the looming demographic transition on pension systems, the stock market and individual welfare. … Readers with an interest in the economic consequences of the looming demographic transition for pension systems and the stock market will find this book very interesting even if they are not doing active research in this area. … The book is a worthy contribution to the literature on pensions and demographic transitions." (Marc-André Letendre, Canadian Studies in Population, Vol. 36 (1-2), Spring/Summer, 2009)Table of ContentsThe Model.- The General Model.- The Parameterized Model.- The Simulation Study.- Pension Systems in the Presence of a Stationary Population.- Pension Systems in the Presence of Demographic Change.- Conclusions and Outlook.

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Book SynopsisDas Arbeitsangebot verheirateter Frauen in der Bundesrepublik Deutschland wird unter Verwendung von Daten aus dem sozioökonomischen Panel statistisch untersucht. Ziel ist es, den Einfluß ausgewählter Faktoren auf das Arbeitsangebot zu bestimmen und die Frage zu beantworten, ob zwischen Frauen mit deutscher bzw. ausländischer Staatsbürgerschaft identische Faktoren ein gleiches Gewicht aufweisen. Das Arbeitsangebot wird unterteilt in die Partizipationsentscheidung, das Stundenangebot und in fixierte Arbeitszeiten. Zur Analyse werden das Lineare Wahrscheinlichkeitsmodell, das PROBIT-Modell, der Heckmann-Ansatz, das TOBIT- und das MULTINOMIALE LOGIT-Modell verwandt. Die Besonderheiten ergeben sich aus der expliziten Unterscheidung zwischen Frauen mit deutscher und ausländischer Staatsbürgerschaft und durch den Aufbau eines Modells mit fixierten Arbeitszeiten sowie der Verwendung adäquater Schätz- und Testverfahren, die ausführlich diskutiert werden.Table of Contents1 Einleitung.- 1.1 Problemstellung.- 1.2 Ziel und Aufbau.- 2 Entwicklungen am Arbeitsmarkt der Bundesrepublik Deutschland 1965–1984.- 2.1 Die Erwerbsbeteiligung.- 2.2 Die Teilzeiterwerbstätigkeit.- 2.3 Das Erwerbsverhalten im internationalen Vergleich.- 2.4 Zusammenfassung.- 3 Mikroökonomische Arbeitsangebotsmodelle.- 3.1 Das Arbeitsangebot des Haushalts.- 3.1.1 Lohnsatzvariationen und Arbeitsangebot.- 3.1.2 Nichterwerbseinkommen und Arbeitsangebot.- 3.2 Die Erwerbsbeteiligungsentscheidung.- 3.3 Die Aussagefähigkeit des einfachen Arbeitsangebotsmodells.- 3.4 Das Arbeitsangebotsmodell bei fixierter Arbeitszeit.- 3.5 Zusammenfassung.- 4 Ein ökonometrisches Modell zur Bestimmung des Arbeitsangebotes verheirateter Frauen.- 4.1 Ein erweitertes mikroökonomisches Modell und die ökonometrische Spezifikation.- 4.2 Ein ökonometrisches Modell.- 4.3 Ökonometrische Modellgleichungen — Ein Überblick.- 5 Ökonometrische Theorie.- 5.1 Die Analyse binärer endogener Variablen.- 5.1.1 Die KQ-Schätzung.- 5.1.2 Die PROBIT-Analyse.- 5.1.2.1 Das Modell.- 5.1.2.2 Die Interpretation der Koeffizienten.- 5.2 Die Analyse zensierter endogener Variablen.- 5.2.1 Die KQ-Schätzung.- 5.2.2 Das zweistufige Heckmann-Verfahren.- 5.2.3 Die TOBIT-Analyse.- 5.2.3.1 Der Maximum-Likelihood-Schätzansatz.- 5.2.3.2 Die Interpretation der Koeffizienten.- 5.3 Das MULTINOMIALE LOGIT-Modell bei fixierten Arbeitszeiten.- 5.3.1 Die ML-Schätzung.- 5.3.2 Die Interpretation der Koeffizienten.- 5.4 Gütemaße und Teststatistiken.- 5.5 Die Multikollinearitätsdiagnose.- 5.5.1 Die Variance-Inflation-Factors.- 5.5.2 Das Belsley-, Kuh- und Welsch Verfahren.- 6 Die statistische Analyse des Arbeitsangebotes verheirateter Frauen.- 6.1 Die Datenbasis.- 6.2 Die Modellvariablen.- 6.2.1 Die endogenen Variablen.- 6.2.2 Die exogenen Variablen.- 6.2.2.1 Die exogenen Variablen der Lohnsatzfunktion.- 6.2.2.2 Die exogenen Variablen der Arbeitsangebotsmodelle.- 6.3 Die Erwerbsbeteiligung verheirateter Frauen.- 6.3.1 Vorbemerkung.- 6.3.2 Die Schätzergebnisse.- 6.3.2.1 Frauen mit deutscher Staatsbürgerschaft.- 6.3.2.2 Frauen mit ausländischer Staatsbürgerschaft.- 6.3.2.3 Zusammenfassung.- 6.4 Die Bruttostundenlohnfunktion.- 6.4.1 Vorbemerkung.- 6.4.2 Die Schätzergebnisse.- 6.4.3 Zusammenfassung.- 6.5 Die Stundenangebotsfunktion.- 6.5.1 Vorbemerkung.- 6.5.2 Die Schätzergebnisse.- 6.5.2.1 Die Ergebnisse der OLS- und Heckmann-Schätzung.- 6.5.2.2 Die Ergebnisse der TOBIT-Schätzung.- 6.6 Das Erwerbsverhalten bei klassifizierten Arbeitszeiten.- 6.6.1 Vorbemerkung.- 6.6.2 Die Schätzergebnisse.- 6.6.3 Zusammenfassung.- 6.7 Zusammenfassung.- 7 Zusammenfassung.

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Book SynopsisDas Buch beschäftigt sich mit der optimalen Ausgestaltung einer ökonomischen Gesichtspunkten folgenden selektiven Einwanderungspolitik. Auf Basis der theoretischen und ökonometrischen Analyse der Arbeitsmarkteffekte der Immigration wird die Selektionswirkung des kanadischen Punktesystems und der Auktionierung von Einwanderungszertifikaten anhand von Simulationen miteinander verglichen. Die Ergebnisse zeigen, daß eine Versteigerung von Einwanderungszertifikaten an einheimische Unternehmen die aus ökonomischen Gesichtspunkten beste Option einer selektiven Einwanderungspolitik darstellt. Das Buch liefert dem Leser umfangreiches Hintergrundmaterial zur Entwicklung der Zuwanderung in die BRD und den geltenden institutionellen Regelungen hinsichtlich der Zuwanderung ausländischer Arbeitskräfte.Table of ContentsEinführung.- Zuwanderung in der Bundesrepublik Deutschland: Institutionelle Rahmenbedingungen, Migrationserfahrung und strukturelle Aspekte: Institutionelle Rahmenbedingungen; Strukturelle Aspekte der Ausländerbeschäftigung.- Einwanderungspolitik aus ökonomischer Sicht: Ein theoretisches Modell der Lohn- und Beschäftigungswirkungen der Immigration; selektive Nachfrage nach Migranten: Eine Kalibrierung der Einwanderungsgewinne; Selektion von Migranten: Politikoptionen; Evaluation der Effektivität verschiedener Politikoptionen.- Spezielle Probleme der Einführung einer selektiven Einwanderungspolitik: Langfristige Lohneffekte der Immigration: Empirische Evidenz; Dynamische Arbeitsmarkteffekte der Migration; Schlußbetrachtung.

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Book SynopsisChapter 1 Introduction: Indigenous People In The Struggle Against Covid-19.- Chapter 2 Indigenous Peoples And Communities: A Conceptual Account.- Chapter 3 Indigenous Peoples' Vulnerability And The Pandemic:  Between Capacity And Sensitivity.

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Book SynopsisChapter 1. A review of population policies of past dynasties.- Chapter 2. Population debates in the first thirty years of the People's Republic of China.- Chapter 3. Growing concern for population policy despite controversies.- Chapter 4. The resetting of population theory through discussion.- Chapter 5. Context for the one-child policy.- Chapter 6. Population control policy in 2000.- Chapter 7. Population strategy supported by basic national policy.- Chapter 8. General trends in population changes in the 21st century.- Chapter 9. Population policy and the population development strategy.- Chapter 10. Population policy in the future.

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Book Synopsis1. Introduction.- 2. Conceptual definition and theoretical basis.- 3. Characteristics of population aging and eldercare pressure in China.- 4. Current situation of eldercare labor system in China .- 5. Quantitative analysis of the eldercare labor demand in China.- 6. Quantitative analysis of the eldercare labor shortfall in China.- 7. International practice and implications.- 8. Main Conclusion and Coping Strategies.

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