Political parties and party platforms Books

Book SynopsisChristian and Social Democratic parties have been the driving force behind welfare state developments post-WWII. This valuable book investigates whether continued party differences have contributed significantly to the design of social welfare in three conservative welfare states, Austria, Germany and the Netherlands, since the mid-1970s. Rather than assuming continued differences or convergence between parties, the primary focus is to empirically analyze party positions with regard to employment and labour market policies, social security, and family policies as well as the implemented policies themselves. The analysis demonstrates how changed interpretative patterns have led to a programmatic convergence amongst Christian Democrats and Social Democrats, largely resulting in a liberal-communitarian approach to the development of social welfare policies.Providing a comprehensive approach to welfare state analysis and scrutinizing the policy domains of employment, social security and family policies, this book will be of great interest to political scientists and sociologists interested in welfare state developments. It will also appeal to lecturers and postgraduate students in (comparative) social policy.Trade Review'This is a well-researched and very informative study of the relative impact of social democracy and Christian democracy on welfare state reform in the past three decades. . . I highly recommend it, because the book makes a great contribution to the debate on whether and how partisan politics still makes a difference for social and economic policy developments. . . The book is a must for students of the welfare state and it would provide perfect reading material for any course on the politics of welfare state reform.' -- Kees van Kersbergen, Journal of European Social PolicyTable of ContentsContents: Introduction 1. Institutions and Political Parties in Historical Contexts 2. Welfare State Arrangements: A Historical Perspective 3. Welfare Policy Changes Since the Mid-1970s 4. Theories Explaining Welfare State Change 5. Changed Interpretative Patterns of Welfare State Parties 6. Christian Democratic and Social Democratic Welfare Policies and Politics in Comparative Perspective: Towards a Liberal Communitarian Welfare State? References Index

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Book SynopsisNow fully revised and updated for the second edition, this unique and authoritative account of the party systems in Eastern Europe examines their development from the revolutions of the late 1980s to the present day. The New Democracies in Eastern Europe presents a genuinely comparative perspective on the old and new party systems. Featuring detailed assessment and analysis of the situation in Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania, Poland, the Czech Republic, Slovakia, Hungary, Romania and Bulgaria, the volume draws upon research and opinion from a distinguished group of European scholars. Recognising that many of the social and political problems of the inter-war period continue to make themselves felt, the authors contend that the breakdown of the old authoritarian system was a by-product of a built-in and progressively worsening legitimacy crisis. Despite the great progress made by some East European countries, recent events confirm the view that authoritarianism has not lost its appeal.As an up-to-date and comprehensive survey of political change and development in Eastern Europe - rapidly produced to present the most recent information - this book will be welcomed by researchers, teachers and students.Trade Review‘The New Democracies in Eastern Europe is a useful book, particularly in its illustration of the different histories and traditions of party politics in Eastern Europe, which affect the various prospects for democracy in the area.’- Ann Griffiths, International InsightsTable of ContentsContents: 1. The Breakdown of Communism in Eastern Europe (Sten Berglund and Jan Åke Dellenbrant) 2. The Failure of Popular Democracy Sten Berglund and Jan Åke Dellenbrant) 3. Poland – Towards Overdeveloped Pluralism (Marian Grzybowski) 4. The Re-Emergence of Multi-Partism in the Baltic States (Jan Åke Dellenbrant) 5. The Breakdown of the German Democratic Republic (Jan Åke Dellenbrant) 6. Czechoslovakia – From Masaryk to Havel (Marek Bankowicz) 7. The Transition to Competitive Pluralism in Hungary (Marian Grzybowski) 8. Romania – The Slow Revolution (Jan Åke Dellenbrant) 9. Bulgaria – The Continuing Revolution (Marek Bankowicz) 10. Prospects for the New Democracies in Eastern Europe (Sten Berglund and Jan Åke Dellenbrant)

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Book SynopsisNow fully revised and updated for the second edition, this unique and authoritative account of the party systems in Eastern Europe examines their development from the revolutions of the late 1980s to the present day. The New Democracies in Eastern Europe presents a genuinely comparative perspective on the old and new party systems. Featuring detailed assessment and analysis of the situation in Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania, Poland, the Czech Republic, Slovakia, Hungary, Romania and Bulgaria, the volume draws upon research and opinion from a distinguished group of European scholars. Recognising that many of the social and political problems of the inter-war period continue to make themselves felt, the authors contend that the breakdown of the old authoritarian system was a by-product of a built-in and progressively worsening legitimacy crisis. Despite the great progress made by some East European countries, recent events confirm the view that authoritarianism has not lost its appeal.As an up-to-date and comprehensive survey of political change and development in Eastern Europe - rapidly produced to present the most recent information - this book will be welcomed by researchers, teachers and students.Trade Review‘The New Democracies in Eastern Europe is a useful book, particularly in its illustration of the different histories and traditions of party politics in Eastern Europe, which affect the various prospects for democracy in the area.’- Ann Griffiths, International InsightsTable of ContentsContents: 1. The Breakdown of Communism in Eastern Europe (Sten Berglund and Jan Åke Dellenbrant) 2. The Failure of Popular Democracy Sten Berglund and Jan Åke Dellenbrant) 3. Poland – Towards Overdeveloped Pluralism (Marian Grzybowski) 4. The Re-Emergence of Multi-Partism in the Baltic States (Jan Åke Dellenbrant) 5. The Breakdown of the German Democratic Republic (Jan Åke Dellenbrant) 6. Czechoslovakia – From Masaryk to Havel (Marek Bankowicz) 7. The Transition to Competitive Pluralism in Hungary (Marian Grzybowski) 8. Romania – The Slow Revolution (Jan Åke Dellenbrant) 9. Bulgaria – The Continuing Revolution (Marek Bankowicz) 10. Prospects for the New Democracies in Eastern Europe (Sten Berglund and Jan Åke Dellenbrant)

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Book SynopsisParty Formation in East-Central Europe is one of the first books to present detailed studies of politics in Czechoslovakia, Hungary, Poland and Bulgaria during the initial three years of post-communist rule. International scholars have collaborated to produce a volume which examines the first steps in regime change and the opportunities for a successful transition to democracy. As well as examining the creation of new party systems after the end of communist rule in each country, the papers in this volume adopt a comparative perspective which highlights the regional dimension. In particular, the authors place the post-communist experience in the context of the earlier transitions from authoritarian rule in Southern Europe. They discuss whether the experience of Portugal and Spain in the 1970s and Italy in the 1940s might serve as a framework for the analysis of East-Central Europe in the 1990s.Trade Review'. . . a welcome addition to our stock of knowledge regarding the process of democratization. . . . the real value of the book lies in the empirical details and occasional suggestive comparisons rather than in a consistently convincing conceptual rendering of the opening pages of the new chapter in East-Central European history.'Table of ContentsContents: 1. Political Parties and their Strategies in the Transition from Authoritarian Rule: the Comparative Perspective (G. Pridham) 2. Poland’s New Parties in the Post-communist Political System (P.G. Lewis) 3. On the Road to Democracy: the Emergence of Political Parties in Poland (R.Gortat and P. Marciniak) 4. The Development of the Party System and the Break-up of Czech-oslovakia (G. Wightman) 5. Changing Party Allegiances in a Changing Party System: the 1990 and 1992 Parliamentary Elections in Czechoslovakia (T. Kosteleck) 6. Political Parties, Value Orientations and Slovakia’s Road to Independence (Z. Bútorova and M. Bútora) 7. The First Three Years of a Multi-party System in Hungary (L. Kéri and A. Levendel) 8. Differentiation Postponed: Party Pluralism in Bulgaria (G. Karasimeonov) 9. Impediments to Democratization in Post-communist East–Central Europe (Bill Lomax) 10. Impediments to the Development of Democratic Politics: A Czech Perspective (Z. Zboril) 11. Starting-up Problems: Communists, Social Democrats and Greens (M. Waller) 12. Conclusions (G. Wightman) Bibliography Index

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Book SynopsisParty Structure and Organization in East-Central Europe focuses on the origin and development of new political parties within different countries in East-Central Europe. The book has a clear focus on party structure and organization. It is one of the first books to present empirical studies of the development of political parties in Eastern Europe. Whilst making a distinctive contribution, it also feeds into the broader debate about party development and links with other issues of political theory. The book fills a major gap in our understanding of developments within political parties and their structural evolution. It raises questions about the status and role of a modern political party - not least in East-Central Europe - and the links that can be drawn between developments within the parties and their changing position within the political system as a whole. All those with an interest in comparative party development and the processes of post-communist change in Eastern Europe will welcome this well focused empirical study.Trade Review'. . . this volume represents one of the best works written to date on party organizational development in east central Europe and is essential reading for all political scientists interested in party politics in postcommunist systems.' -- John T. Ishiyama, Slavonic ReviewTable of ContentsContents: 1. Introduction and Theoretical Overview (P.G. Lewis) 2. The Structure and Organization of Hungary’s Political Parties (B. Lomax) 3. Hungarian Case Studies: The Alliance of Free Democrats and the Alliance of Young Democrats (M. Balázs, Z. Enyedi) 4. Parties in the Czech Parliament: From Transformative Towards Arena Type of Legislature (P. Kopecky) 5. Party Organization and Structure at National and Local Level in the Czech Republic Since 1989 (A. Kroupa, T. Kostelecky) 6. Parliamentary and Electoral Parties in Poland (S. Gebethner) 7. Party Organization in Post-communist Bulgaria (M. Waller, G. Karasimeonov) 8. Parties in Post-communist Society – the German Case (S. Padgett) 9. Transnational Party Links and Transition to Democracy: Eastern Europe in Comparative Perspective (G. Pridham) Index

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Book SynopsisThroughout the formerly communist world a single party monopoly has been replaced by multi-party politics and competitive elections. Drawing on the most recent work of the leading specialists in modern Russian politics, this path-breaking volume marks a decisive advance in our understanding of the relationships between voters, political parties and the conduct of the government in what is still the world's largest country.Issues addressed include: the effects of the electoral system and of electoral campaigns regional dimensions of party support parties in the state Duma and the uncertain evolution of a post-communist party system< the turnout of voters for elections leader popularity and party development ideological divisions and party-building the divisions between the left and right Written in a clear, accessible style, this book links developments in Russia to general themes in political science, and especially to other post-communist countries. It will be welcomed by scholars and students of the development and transformation of post-communist politics, and by a wider readership in comparative politics.Trade Review -- Michael McFaul, Slavic Review 'Students of Russian public opinion and electoral behavior will find this book must reading. Particularly suitable for graduate students, researchers, and specialists.'– T.D. Clark, ChoiceTable of ContentsContents: 1. Elections and Voters in the New Russia 2. To Vote or Not to Vote 3. Regional Patterns of Voter Turnout in Russian Elections, 1993–96 4. The Emerging Structure of Partisan Divisions in Russian Politics 5. Leader Popularity and Party Development in Post-Soviet Russia 6. Ideological Divisions and Party-Building Prospects in Post-Soviet Russia 7. Ideology and Russian Mass Politics 8. The Mystery of Opponents of Economic Reform among the Yeltsin Voters 9. Consistency and Change among Russian Voters 10. The CPRF: Towards Social Democracy or National Socialism? Appendices Index

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Book SynopsisIn this highly original book, Patrick O'Neil analyses the catalysts of the collapse of socialism in Eastern Europe and offers explanations for these events. The exceptional case of Hungary is used to support theoretical concepts regarding the transition in Eastern Europe using new empirical evidence and institutional theory.The Hungarian transition from communism is distinct in that the Hungarian Socialist Workers' Party was the initiator of its own transition but also acted as its own greatest enemy. This book provides a detailed analysis of the internal reform movement within the Hungarian Communist Party and its role in the incremental transition to democracy in the late 1980s. The author utilises party archives and primary interviews with important figures in the Communist Party to examine the effect of institutional relationships on the collapse of the authoritarian order. He also emphasises the role of reform circles in accelerating the disintegration of the Communist Party in Hungary. The book concludes that the way in which an autocratic order perpetuates itself affects the manner of its decline and the new system that takes its place.This authoritative book will be welcomed by academics and students interested in the politics of transition both in Hungary and Eastern Europe and the politics of the demise of communism in general.Trade Review'. . . this work is highly original. It is a complete account of the process or organizational development and of the fate, rivalries, constraints, and political shortcomings of the reform circles and their predecessors. This book will be very useful for historians, political scientists, sociologists, and undergraduate, graduate, and postgraduate students of socialism and its transformation in eastern Europe. . .' -- Maria Csanadi, Slavic ReviewsTable of ContentsContents: Introduction Part I: Theoretical Approaches 1. Transitions, Institutions and State Socialism Part II: The Hungarian Case 2. State Socialism and the Intelligentsia in Eastern Europe: Hungary in Comparative Institutional Perspective, 1948–1988 3. The Rise of the Reform Cycles 4. The Organization of the Reform Circle Movement and the Party in Disorder 5. The Final Party Congress and the Reform Alliance: Victory or Defeat? Part III: Conclusions 6. Institutional Order and the Path of Political Change: Hungary and Eastern Europe Appendices Bibliography Index

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Book SynopsisThis book examines the relationship between the media and party political conferences.Trade Review"Detailed case studies provide a welcome documentation of ground-level practice and bring out the complexities of current media-political relations in a way that more generalised polemical pieces often fail to do." -- Parliamentary Affairs."An excellent introduction to journalism and political spin in contemporary British politics." -- Media, Culture & Society."Well researched and highly readable, it will be of great interest to media and political communicaton specialists." -- Party Politics."The focus is on the management of television coverage of annual party conferences, until now a theme not covered in British academic media research." -- The Political Quarterly."Stanyer's book provides fascinating insights into the current organization, conduct and mediation of the modern party political conference in the UK." -- European Journal of Communication.Table of ContentsContents: Acknowledgements; Introduction: The News from Blackpool, Bournemouth and Brighton; Creating the Good' Conference; Negotiating Coverage; The Broadcasters by the Seaside; Spinning on the Conference Circuit; Packaging the Leader's Speech; Off Message: the Limits of Agenda Management; Manufacturing Debate; The Formation of Conference News Agendas; Appendix: Research Methods; Notes; Bibliography; Index.

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Book SynopsisThis book examines the relationship between the media and party political conferences.Trade Review"Detailed case studies provide a welcome documentation of ground-level practice and bring out the complexities of current media-political relations in a way that more generalised polemical pieces often fail to do." -- Parliamentary Affairs."An excellent introduction to journalism and political spin in contemporary British politics." -- Media, Culture & Society."Well researched and highly readable, it will be of great interest to media and political communicaton specialists." -- Party Politics."The focus is on the management of television coverage of annual party conferences, until now a theme not covered in British academic media research." -- The Political Quarterly."Stanyer's book provides fascinating insights into the current organization, conduct and mediation of the modern party political conference in the UK." -- European Journal of Communication.Table of ContentsContents: Acknowledgements; Introduction: The News from Blackpool, Bournemouth and Brighton; Creating the Good' Conference; Negotiating Coverage; The Broadcasters by the Seaside; Spinning on the Conference Circuit; Packaging the Leader's Speech; Off Message: the Limits of Agenda Management; Manufacturing Debate; The Formation of Conference News Agendas; Appendix: Research Methods; Notes; Bibliography; Index.

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Book SynopsisThe Democratic Party of Japan (DPJ) came to power in 2009 with a commanding majority, ending fifty years of almost uninterrupted Liberal Democratic Party (LDP) rule. What explains the DPJ's rapid rise to power? Why has policy change under the DPJ been limited, despite high expectations and promises of bold reform? Why has the party been paralyzed by internecine conflict? This volume examines the DPJ's ascendance and its policies once in power. Chapters in the volume cover: DPJ candidate recruitment, the influence of media coverage, nationalization of elections, electoral system constraints on policy change, the role of third parties, municipal mergers, the role of women, transportation policy, fiscal decentralization, information technology, response to the Fukushima nuclear disaster, security strategy, and foreign policy.Japan under the DPJ makes important contributions to the study of Japanese politics, while drawing upon and advancing scholarship on a wider range of issues of interest to political scientists.Contributors include Kenneth McElwain (University of Michigan, USA), Ethan Scheiner (University of California–Davis, USA), Steven Reed (Chuo University, Japan ), Kay Shimizu (Columbia University, USA), Daniel Smith (Stanford University, USA), Robert Pekkanen (University of Washington, USA), Ellis Krauss (University of California–San Diego, USA), Yukio Maeda (University of Tokyo, Japan), Linda Hasunuma (Franklin and Marshall College, USA), Alisa Gaunder (Southwestern University, USA), Christopher Hughes (University of Warwick, UK), and Daniel Sneider (Stanford University, USA).

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Book SynopsisDieser Band behandelt nicht nur deskriptiv das Phänomen des Rechtsextremismus, sondern analysiert die konkreten Strategien von Akteuren und Organisationen des gesamten rechten Spektrums – ihre Grundlagen, Bedingungen und Ausprägungen auf allen Ebenen der Gesellschaft. Dabei werden bewusst unterschiedliche Perspektiven der akademischen und praktischen Auseinandersetzung mit dieser heterogenen Strömung aufgegriffen und Gegenstrategien angesprochen, die sich im Umgang mit den unterschiedlichen Teilen der extremen Rechten bewährt haben. Die aktualisierte und erweiterte Neuauflage bezieht dabei verschiedene, zum Teil sogar kontroverse Standpunkte aus Wissenschaft, Publizistik, der politischen Praxis und der Zivilgesellschaft ein. Gerade in der Vielfalt der Zugänge kristallisiert sich ein Gesamtbild heraus, das den Kern des strategischen Wirkens der extremen Rechten deutlich hervortreten lässt.Table of ContentsStrategien und Gegenstrategien aus den Bereichen: Politik/ Parteien, Recht und Verfassung, Kultur und Medien.

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Book SynopsisThis monograph argues that although the United Wa State Party (UWSP) has been branded by the international community as a "narco-trafficking army," the organisation has an ethnic nationalist agenda whose aim is to build a Wa state within Burma. The UWSP is not innocent of narcotics-related crimes, but few conflict parties in Burma can claim to have clean hands. The weak capacity of the UWSP leadership has prevented it from developing a clear vision of how to develop a Wa state. Although the UWSP has promoted Wa nationalism, the population under its control is not mono-ethnic. The UWSP has implemented a ban on opium cultivation to comply with international pressure. It has called for international aid to offset the impact of the ban, but so far not enough assistance has come through. The organisation has relocated thousands of Wa villagers to the Thai border area, displacing part of the original Lahu, Akha, and Shan populations and aggravating ethnic tensions.Relations with the government remain tense, and peace has not been achieved. It is unlikely the UWSP will agree to disarm until some of its basic demands have been met. The United States has indicted eight UWSP leaders on drug trafficking charges. Thailand sees the UWSP as a security threat and accuses it of producing amphetamines. China has a better relationship with the UWSP and has given support and technical advice to the organisation. The drug trade is controlled by powerful ethnic Chinese syndicates that have no interest in conflict resolution and state building. Demonising and isolating the UWSP will make the organisation more dependent on them, and will obstruct reconciliation efforts in Burma.

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Book SynopsisSince the fall of long-reigning President Soeharto, in 1998, Indonesia has been in an era of transition, away from an authoritarian regime, and on a quest for democracy. This quest started with decentralization laws implemented in 2001, which gave greater autonomy to the regions, and continued with the direct elections for the national and local legislatures and the President in 2004. The latest development in this democratization process is the implementation of a system for the direct election of regional leaders, which began in 2005; the first round of elections across the nation for all governors, mayors and district heads was completed in 2008. Authors of the chapters in this volume, the result of a workshop in Singapore in 2006, present data from across the archipelago for these first direct elections for local leaders and give their assessment as to how far these elections have contributed to a deepening democracy.Table of ContentsDeepening Democracy in Indonesia? Direct Elections for Local Leaders (Pilkada); Preliminary pages; 1. Indonesia and the Quest for "Democracy", by Priyambudi Sulistiyanto Maribeth Erb; 2. Pilkada Langsung: The First Step on the Long Road to a Dualistic Provincial and District Government, by Aloysius Benedictus Mboi; PART I: POLITICAL PARTIES, POLITICIAN ELITES AND THE VOTERS; 3. Political Parties in Pilkada: Some Problems for Democratic Consolidation, by Pratikno; 4. Batam's 2006 Mayoral Election: Weakened Political Parties and Intensified Power Struggle in Local Indonesia, by Nankyung Choi; 5. The Rising Importance of Personal Networks in Indonesian Local Politics: An Analysis of District Government Head Elections in South Sulawesi in 2005, by Michael Buehler; 6. Pilkada, Money Politics and the Dangers of "Informal Governance" Practices, by Syarif Hidayat; 7. Electing District Heads in Indonesia: Democratic Deepening or Elite Entrenchment?, by Jim Schiller; 8. Gender and Reform in Indonesian Politics: The Case of a Javanese Woman Bupati, by Tri Ratnawati; 9. Pilkada in Bantul District: Incumbent, Populism and the Decline of Royal Power, by Priyambudi Sulistiyanto; PART II: MEDIA AND CAMPAIGNS: COMPARING LOCAL AND NATIONAL ELECTIONS; 10. Pomp, Piety and Performance: Pilkada in Yogyakarta, 2005, by Jennifer Lindsay; 11. Assessing Media Impact on Local Elections in Indonesia, by David T Hill; PART III: CONFLICT, ETHNICITY, AND POLITICAL DIVISIONS; 12. Autonomy, Democracy, and Internal Conflict: The 2006 Gubernatorial Elections in Papua, by Marcus Mietzner; 13. Conflict and the Growth of Democracy in Manggarai District, by Maribeth Erb Wilhelmus.

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Book SynopsisParty mergers are a new development in Myanmar politics. Given that such mergers often assist the consolidation of new democratic regimes, some broader system-wide effects may also occur. Myanmar’s ethnic parties consistently choose merger strategies over other forms of pre-electoral coalition. This highlights a transition from a focus on questions of authoritarianism and democracy to one on the creation of a federal system of government with a stronger cleavage between competing Bamar and ethnic nationalisms. Despite cooperation among political parties outside the electoral process, pre-electoral coalitions such as constituency-sharing or campaigning for allies have generally not been successful. Five of the six mergers among ethnic parties attempted prior to the 2015 general election failed. However, between 2017 and 2019, five mergers involving parties representing the Chin, Kachin, Kayah, Kayin or Karen, and Mon ethnicities, achieved success. The successful mergers were motivated not only by desires for electoral success in 2020 but also by shared federal aims, which involve ethnic parties in Chin, Kachin, Kayah, Kayin or Karen, and Mon states forming a strong local party in their respective regions to strive for ethnic equality and self-determination. The mergers are between parties with markedly different platforms and their success is conditioned by their preferences for particular kinds of federalism. Mergers cannot guarantee electoral success. And other pre-electoral coalitions, such as avoiding competition for the same constituencies, also proved successful in the 2018 by-elections. But what mergers can uniquely do is respond to public demand for parties to unite and make the resulting party stronger in terms of resources and public support. In general, mergers can reduce system fragmentation, avoid vote wastage and lead to the formation of stable parties. Ethnic party mergers also simplify party labels for voters and make it easier for them to vote on the basis of ethnic preferences. In addition, mergers can increase public interest and political participation among members of ethnic communities. Three common factors behind the five successful mergers are previous electoral losses, public pressure and shared federal aims. The durability of these mergers depends on continuous party building, negotiations and equality among party members. Meanwhile, a greater number of new parties will form and continue to exist under the multi-party democracy principle granted in Myanmar’s 2008 Constitution. The upcoming 2020 general election will witness a combination of mergers and other pre-electoral coalition forms between ethnic parties as they compete with Bamar national parties. Election results will influence the durability of merged parties, their political allegiance and potential parliamentary coalitions.

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Book SynopsisThe unrealized transitions were a setback for a "reform agenda", which Anwar Ibrahim articulated, but which emerged from dissident movements for diverse reforms. These movements helped the multiethnic, socially inclusive, opposition to win the 14th General Election. They are only seemingly dormant because of the pandemic.The Pakatan Harapan regime had the best chance to supply a fresh vision, deeper social understanding, and commitment to reform. The present Perikatan Nasional regime's fixation on "Malayness" overlooks twenty years of intense intra-Malay conflicts that began with the failure of the first transition.As the "7th Prime Minister", Mahathir had a rare chance to redeem himself from major errors of his first twenty-two-year tenure. He squandered his chance by not honouring the Pakatan Harapan transition plan.Anwar Ibrahim's opponents mock him for being obsessed with wanting to be prime minister. Yet they obsessively fear his becoming prime minister. Anwar may be twice loser in political succession but "the spectre of Anwar" still haunts Malaysian political consciousness.

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Book SynopsisUntil approximately two decades ago, the Democratic Action Party (DAP) struggled to make inroads in Johor due to: (1) the unique historical developments in the state, which benefited its primary opponent Barisan Nasional (BN), and (2) the decentralized party structure in Johor with party branches serving as the main player responsible for grassroots mobilization and campaigning, which resulted in an underdeveloped and less cohesive state party structure. Despite Lee Kaw playing a crucial leadership role for the nascent party to take root in the state, Johor remained in the periphery during the initial decades of the party's establishment. The party managed to achieve some electoral success only in central Johor around the Kluang. The party achieved a rare breakthrough in Johor during the 1990 General Election when numerous Chinese educationalists allied with the DAP under the call of then Dong Zong chairman Lim Fong Seng. However, the national alliance frayed soon after, with the DAP losing its momentum in Johor by the next general election. Dr Boo Cheng Hau inherited the decentralized state leadership structure when he became the DAP Johor chairman in 2005. Under Dr Boo's leadership the party prioritized welfare provision and constituency services in several state constituencies, particularly Skudai (in Gelang Patah) and Bentayan (in Bakri).

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