Philosophy: epistemology and theory of knowledge Books
Taylor & Francis Ltd The Internal World and Attachment
Book SynopsisHow, asks Geoff Goodman in The Internal World and Attachment, can we progress further in integrating the fruits of attachment research with the accumulated clinical wisdom of psychoanalytic theorizing about the internal world of object representations? The key, he answers, is to look more closely at the basic assumptions of each body of theory, especially those assumptions, whether embedded or explicit, that bear on the formation of psychic structure. Drawing on Kernberg''s insights into the affective and instinctual substrata of psychic organizations, Goodman proposes that insecure attachment categories can be correlated with particular constellations of self and object representations. Such convergences provide a springboard to further theoretical explanations, most especially to the relations between attachment and adult sexual behavior. Indeed, one outstanding feature of Goodman''s proposals is the light they cast on various forms and meanings of seTrade Review"In this most thoughtful and thought-provoking book, Goeff Goodman tackles what may well be the outstanding unsolved problem in contemporary psychoanalytic theory. Attachment research and the accumulated clincal understanding of self and object representations constitute two important bodies of knowledge. But how to put them together? Goodman possesses the clinical eye and the reseach acumen to make sense of the imposing literatures on both sides of the aisle; he also possesses the intellectual daring to propose an innovative model for integrating the insights of both traditions. Packed with acute discussions and fertile observations, The Internal World and Attachment represents a watershed. The search for a unified theory of psychic development suitable for clinical work is now officially begun."- John Kerr, Ph.D., Co-Editor, Attachment Theory"An exhaustive and definitive exploration of the interface of object relations theory and attachment research. Goodman provides an excellent critical appraisal of all past attempts at integration and offers one of his own that establishes him as a major theoretician in this field."- Peter Fonagy, Ph.D., Freud Professor of Psychoanalysis, University College, London "Keeping his eye on the clinical texture of attachment observations and the clinical phenomenology expressive of internal object relations, Goodman provides the reader with an experience-near basis for viewing two influential bodies of knowledge as complementary avenues for apprehending the internal meaning of externally observable behavior."—ADOLESCENCETable of ContentsIntroduction. Purposes of Integrating Object Relations Constructs and Attachment Constructs. Brief Overview of Object Relations Theory. Brief Overview of Attachment Theory. Points of Comparison and Contrast Between the Two Theories. Object Relations Theory's View of Internal Working Models. Attachment Theory's View of Object Representations. Empirical Evidence Supporting the Conceptual Relatedness of Object Representations and Internal Working Models. Object Representations and Internal Working Models: A Model for Understanding Their Structure and Function. Object Representations and Internal Working Models: Clinical Implications of the Model for Object Relations Theory and Attachment Theory. The Intergenerational Transmission of Mental Representations in Two Mother-Child Dyads. Libido and Attachment: And They Shall Be One Flesh. A Model for Understanding the Relation Between Libido and Attachment. The Expression of Libido and Attachment in Clinical Practice. The Internal World Meets External Reality: Final Thoughts on the Internal World and Attachment.
£78.84
Taylor & Francis Conjunctive Explanations
Book SynopsisPhilosophers and psychologists are increasingly investigating the conditions under which multiple explanations are better in conjunction than they are individually. This book brings together leading scholars to provide an interdisciplinary and unified discussion of such âœconjunctive explanations.âThe book starts with an introductory chapter expounding the notion of conjunctive explanation and motivating a multifaceted approach to its study. The remaining chapters are divided into three parts. Part I includes chapters on âœThe Nature of Conjunctive Explanations.â Each chapter illustrates distinct ways in which explanatory multiplicity is motivated by a careful study of the nature and concept of explanation. The second part (âœReasoning About Conjunctive Explanationsâ) includes chapters on the epistemology and logic of conjunctive explanations. Here the contributors propose and evaluate various norms for reasoning correctly about and to conjunctive explanations. Part III conce
£37.99
Taylor & Francis Ltd Skepticism The Basics
Book SynopsisThis book introduces students and other interested readers to the philosophical study of skepticism, a central and long-standing subject in philosophy. The first three chapters cover knowledge, providing the necessary foundation for introducing skepticism in the book''s final three chapters. Throughout, the volume addresses basic questions in these two areas, such as: What are the differences between the three types of knowledge: direct knowledge, knowledge by ability, and propositional knowledge? What is the Gettier problem and why does it resist easy solutions? Why do philosophers still talk about René Descartes' techniques for raising doubts about what we can know but have largely forgotten Descartes' attempts to answer these doubts? How do we know that we're not just brains in a vat? Is Pyrrhonian skepticismthe idea that we know absolutely nothingultimately self-refuting? With a glossary of key terms and suggesTrade Review"This is a well-written, engaging overview of contemporary epistemology with a significant discussion of types of skepticism. An excellent option for an introductory level course, whether as a part of a larger introduction to philosophy or as an intro text to epistemology."Ted Poston, University of AlabamaTable of ContentsIntroduction Part I : Knowledge 1. Kinds of Knowledge 2. The Tripartite Conception of Knowledge 3. The Gettier Problem Part II: Skepticism 4. Inductive Skepticism 5. Cartesian Skepticism 6. Pyrrhonian Skepticism Conclusion
£18.99
Taylor & Francis The Routledge Handbook of Social Epistemology
Book SynopsisEdited by an international team of leading scholars, The Routledge Handbook of Social Epistemology is the first major reference work devoted to this growing field. The Handbookâs 46 chapters, all appearing in print here for the first time, and written by philosophers and social theorists from around the world, are organized into eight main parts: Historical Backgrounds The Epistemology of Testimony Disagreement, Diversity, and Relativism Science and Social Epistemology The Epistemology of Groups Feminist Epistemology The Epistemology of Democracy Further Horizons for Social Epistemology With lists of references after each chapter and a comprehensive index, this volume will
£43.99
Taylor & Francis Ltd Volume 15 Tome IV Kierkegaards Concepts
Book SynopsisKierkegaard's Concepts is a comprehensive, multi-volume survey of the key concepts and categories that inform Kierkegaard's writings. Each article is a substantial, original piece of scholarship, which discusses the etymology and lexical meaning of the relevant Danish term, traces the development of the concept over the course of the authorship, and explains how it functions in the wider context of Kierkegaard's thought. Concepts have been selected on the basis of their importance for Kierkegaard's contributions to philosophy, theology, the social sciences, literature and aesthetics, thereby making this volume an ideal reference work for students and scholars in a wide range of disciplines.Table of ContentsContents: Preface; Individual, Lydia B. Amir; Inner/outer, Philipp Schwab; Intensity/extensity, Noreen Khawaja; Interesting, the, K. Brian Soderquist; Inwardness/inward deepening, Christian Fink Tolstrup; Irony, Nassim Bravo Jordán; Irrational, Sean Anthony Turchin; Joy, Benjamin Miguel Olivares Bøgeskov; Judaism, Tamar Aylat-Yaguri; Language, Steven Shakespeare; Law, David Coe; Leap, Gerhard Schreiber; Legends, Matthew Brake; Leveling, Leo Stan; Life-view, Lee C. Barrett; Logic, Gabriel Ferreira da Silva; Love, William McDonald; Lyric, Nassim Bravo Jordán; Marriage, Deidre Nicole Green; Martyrdom/persecution, Jack Mulder, Jr.; Mediation/sublation, Jamie Turnbull; Melancholy, Steven M. Emmanuel; Metaphor, Frances Maughan-Brown; Metaphysics, Corey Benjamin Tutewiler; Middle Ages, Diego Giordano; Miracles, Heiko Schulz; Mohammedanism, Diego Giordano; Moment, William McDonald; Monasticism, Curtis L. Thompson; Money, Gabriel Guedes Rossatti; Mood/emotion/feeling, Sara Carvalhais de Oliveira; Movement, motion, Shannon M. Nason; Music, William McDonald; Myth, Diego Giordano and William McDonald; Nature, Thomas Posch; Necessity, Gabriel Ferreira da Silva; Negation, Archie Graham; Novel, Gabriel Guedes Rossatti; Index of persons; Index of subjects.
£39.99
Taylor & Francis Ltd The Epistemology of Democracy
Book SynopsisThis is the first edited scholarly collection devoted solely to the epistemology of democracy. Its fifteen chapters, published here for the first time and written by an international team of leading researchers, will interest scholars and advanced students working in democratic theory, the harrowing crisis of democracy, political philosophy, social epistemology, and political epistemology.The volume is structured into three parts, each offering five chapters. The first part, Democratic Pessimism, covers the crisis of democracy, the rise of authoritarianism, public epistemic vices, misinformation and disinformation, civic ignorance, and the lacking quantitative case for democratic decision-making. The second part, Democratic Optimism, discusses the role of hope and positive emotions in rebuilding democracy, proposes solutions to myside bias, and criticizes dominant epistocratic approaches to forming political administrations. The third and final part, DemocratTable of ContentsIntroduction: What the Epistemology of Democracy Is All AboutHana SamaržijaPart I: Democratic Pessimism1. Sexy but Wrong: Diversity Theorem Defenses of DemocracyJason Brennan2. A Belated Failure: Condorcet in Contemporary Epistemic ConditionsHana Samaržija3. Social Epistemic Miserliness: Populism against DemocracyNenad Miščević4. Critical Thinking and Trusting Experts in Real-life DemocraciesSnježana Prijić Samaržija5. The Dangers of DisinformationÅsa WikforssPart II: Democratic Optimism6. The Politics of Resentment: Hope, Mistrust, and PolarisationAlessandra Tanesini7. Against the Individual Virtue Approach in the Epistemology of DemocracyMarko Luka Zubčić8. Institutional Cynicism and Civic VirtueIan James Kidd9. Myside Bias in Individuals and InstitutionsKeith Stanovich10. Listening for Epistemic CommunityHanna Kiri GunnPart III: Democratic Realism11. Sensemaking, Empathy, and DemocracyQuassim Cassam12. Political Skepticism, Bias, and Epistemic ColonizationMichael P. Lynch 13. Economic Inequalities and Epistemic DemocracyIvan Cerovac14. What Political Enemies Are forRobert B. Talisse15. Top-Down and Bottom-Up Solutions to the Problem of Political IgnoranceIlya Somin
£118.75
Taylor & Francis Ltd Microaggressions and Philosophy
Book SynopsisThis is the first book to offer a philosophical engagement with microaggressions. It aims to provide an intersectional analysis of microaggressions that cuts across multiple dimensions of oppression and marginalization, and to engage a variety of perspectives that have been sidelined within the discipline of philosophy. The volume gathers a diverse group of contributors: philosophers of color, philosophers with disabilities, philosophers of various nationalities and ethnicities, and philosophers of several gender identities. Their unique frames of analysis articulate both how the concept of microaggressions can be used to clarify and sharpen our understanding of subtler aspects of oppression and how analysis, expansion, and reconceiving the notion of a microaggression can deepen and extend its explanatory power. The essays in the volume seek to defend microaggressions from common critiques and to explain their impact beyond the context of college students. Some of the guiding questiTrade Review"This book provides an important critique of some common conversations about micoaggressions, but it also shows us what more informed and more interesting conversations about them look like." – Stacey Goguen, Northeastern Illinois University, USA"Microaggressions and Philosophy is a bold volume whose contributions span the scope of the structural, the interpersonal, and the scientific. It is essential reading for anyone interested in philosophy that engages with oppression and social justice." – Nora Berenstain, University of Tennessee, USATable of Contents Introduction: Microaggressions and Philosophy Lauren Freeman Sticks and Stones Can Break Your Bones and Words Can Really Hurt You: A Standpoint Epistemological Reply to Critics of the Microaggression Research Program Lauren Freeman and Heather Stewart Microaggressions, Mechanisms, and Harm Cameron Evans and Ron Mallon Psychological Research on Racial Microaggressions: Community Science and Concept Explication Morgan Thompson Taking the Measure of Microaggression: How to Put Boundaries on a Nebulous Concept Regina Rini Escalating Linguistic Violence: From Microaggressions to Hate Speech Emma McClure Outing Foreigners: Accent and Linguistic Microaggressions Saray Ayala-López I Know What Happened to Me: The Epistemic Harms of Microaggression Saba Fatima A Defense of Intentional Microaggressions and Microaggressive Harassment: The Fundamental Attribution Error, Harassment, and Gaslighting of Transgender Athletes Christina Friedlaender & Rachel McKinnon Microaggressions as a Disciplinary Technique for Fat and Potentially Fat Bodies Alison Reiheld The Message in the Microaggression: Epistemic Oppression at the Intersection of Disability and Race Jeanine Weekes Schroer and Zara Bain Racial Methodological Microaggressions: When Good Intersectionality Goes Bad Tempest M. Henning
£39.99
Taylor & Francis The Philosophers Habitat
Book SynopsisFirst published in 1990 The Philosopher's Habitat introduces the subject by investigating a variety of the problems which are currently engaging philosophers, and which can be made intelligible to an absolute beginner. Rather than introducing philosophy by examining, in the traditional way, the writings of great philosophers, the author has inverted this procedure. The idea is that the reader will become absorbed in these dramas, will thereby come to appreciate the ways in which the stage was set by the great writers of the past, and will feel the urge to participate. Questions at the end of each chapter encourage the reader to push beyond the text. This book is a must read for students of philosophy.
£26.59
Taylor & Francis Xenolinguistics
Book SynopsisXenolinguistics brings together biologists, anthropologists, linguists, and other experts specializing in language and communication to explore what non-human, non-Earthbound language might look like. The 18 chapters examine what is known about human language and animal communication systems to provide reasonable hypotheses about what we may find if we encounter non-Earth intelligence.Showcasing an interdisciplinary dialogue between a set of highly established scholars, this volume: Clarifies what is and is not known about human language and animal communication systems Presents speculative arguments as a philosophical exercise to help define the boundaries of what our current science can tell us about non-speculative areas of investigation Provides readers with a clearer sense of how our knowledge about language is better informed through a cross-disciplinary investigation Offers a better understanding of future avenues of reseTable of Contents1. Goals of the Volume—Jeffrey Punske2. Many Ways to Say Things: What the Diversity of Animal Communication on Earth Can Tell Us About the Likely Nature of Alien Language—Arik Kershenbaum3. Recognizing Intentional Signals and Their Meaning in Non-Human Communication—Catherine Hobaiter, Adriano R. Lameira, and Derek Ball 4. Getting Out of Our Skin: What Decoding Interspecies Communication and Nonhuman Intelligence Can Tell Us About Deciphering Alien Languages—Denise L. Herzing5. Communicative Resources Beyond the Verbal Tier: A View on Xenolinguistics from Interactional Linguistics—Heike Ortner 6. How Studies of Communication Among Nonhumans and Between Humans and Nonhumans Can Inform SETI—Irene M. Pepperberg 7. Patterns of Communication of Human Complex Societies as a Blueprint for Alien Communication—Anamaria Berea 8. Interstellar Competence: Applications of Linguistics and Communicative and Cultural Competencies to Extraterrestrial Communication—Sumayya K.R. Granger, Judd Ethan Ruggill, and Ken S. McAllister 9. Why Do We Assume That We Can Decode Alien Languages?—Con Slobodchikoff 10. Xenolinguistic Fieldwork—Claire Bowern 11. Investigating the Foundations of Meaning in a Xenolanguage—Andrew McKenzie 12. A Linguistic Perspective on the Drake Equation: Knowns and Unknowns for Human Languages and Extraterrestrial Communication—Daniel Ross 13. Cognition, Sensory Input, and Linguistics : A Possible Language for Blind Aliens—Sheri Wells-Jensen 14.The Design Features of Extraterrestrial Language: A Domain-General Approach—Darcy Sperlich 15. Universal Grammar—Ian Roberts, Jeffrey Watumull, and Noam Chomsky 16. Where Does Universal Grammar Fit in the Universe? Human Cognition and the Strong Minimalist Thesis—Bridget D. Samuels and Jeffrey Punske 17. Learning and Adaptation of Communication Systems in Biological Life Forms—Jessie S. Nixon and Fabian Tomaschek 18. Writing Systems and METI: Off-the-Shelf Encoding of Human Physiology, Language, Cognition, and Culture—Daniel Harbour
£37.99
Taylor & Francis Ltd The Historical Value of Myths
Book SynopsisThis book explores the connection between history and mythology by engaging with myths not as allegories or falsehoods, but as representations of historical experience.Historical approaches to myth are often absent from discussions of mythology, which favour symbolic and psychological interpretations. This analysis traces certain episodes of myths' complex ancestries, from when their relationship with history could not so easily be severed, to subsequent attempts, which misunderstood myths as confused, undeveloped lenses for humanity to view the world. Drawing on the works of English philosopher R.G. Collingwood and the Romanticism movement, the book argues for the expansion of methodological approaches to myths. It explores the ways in which myths have served as clues for the history of civilization and humanity's ever-changing complexities.The Historical Value of Myths is an illuminating read for advanced undergraduates, postgraduates, and researchers in the f
£19.99
Taylor & Francis Philosophy through Film
Book SynopsisPhilosophy through Film, Fifth Edition uses recently released, well-received movies to explore answers to classic questions in philosophy in an approachable yet philosophically rigorous manner. Author Amy Karofsky uses one or more films in each chapter to examine one longstanding philosophical question and assess some of the best solutions to it that have been offered. The chosen movies are not mere âœadd-onsâ to an otherwise straightforward introductory text; instead, they are fully integrated into the discussion of the issues and the various positions. And a website www.xxxxxxx includes Story Lines of Films by Elapsed Time for each focus film, allowing students to quickly search and navigate all discussed movies. Finally, each chapter includes discussion questions, an annotated list of films related to the chapter topic, and two or three historically significant primary sources (which are collected together at the end of the book).Revised and expanded, chang
£46.54
Taylor & Francis Ltd Critical Views of Logic
Book SynopsisThis book examines positions that challenge the Fregean logic-first view. It raises criticalquestions about logic by examining various ways in which logic may be entangled with mathematics and metaphysics.Is logic topic-neutral and general? Can we take the application of logic for granted? This book suggests that we should not be dogmatic about logic but ask similar critical questions about logic as those Kant raised about metaphysics and mathematics. It challenges the Fregean logic-first view according to which logic is fundamental and hence independent of any extra-logical considerations. Whereas Quine assimilated logic and mathematics to the theoretical parts of empirical science, the present volume explores views that stop short of his thoroughgoing holism but instead take logic to be answerable to or entangled with some particular disciplines. The contributions provide views that assign primacy to mathematical reasons, Kantian metaphysical grounds, Husserlian tranTable of ContentsIntroduction to “Critical Views of Logic” 1. Infinity and a Critical View of Logic 2. Dummett’s objection to the ontological route to intuitionistic logic: a rejoinder 3. The entanglement of logic and set theory, constructively 4. Critical Plural Logic 5. Kant on the possibilities of mathematics and the scope and limits of logic 6. The infinite, the indefinite and the critical turn: Kant via Kripke models 7. Husserl on Kant and the critical view of logic 8. Logical pluralism and normativity 9. Disagreement about logic
£128.25
Taylor & Francis Ltd Political Humility
Book SynopsisThis book aims to change the way we think about politics, talk about politics, and vote.It does this in two ways. First, it shows it's impossible for a Republican, Democrat, or voter in any political party to possess a significant level of knowledge of facts that would help their party secure or maintain political power. It calls this knowledge political knowledge and shows how unfeasible it is for anyone to have it. Second, it explains how we might best be politically engaged, given that we have virtually no political knowledge.To argue that it is impossible for any person to possess a significant amount of political knowledge, the book depends on two empirically verified facts. The first is that we have virtually no means of acquiring political information except by believing what other people say. The second is that, when people start talking about politics, they become highly unreliable. They're very likely to say false things when voicing political opinions becaus
£35.14
Taylor & Francis Pierre Bourdieu
Book SynopsisThis short critical introduction to Pierre Bourdieuâs thought has been comprehensively brought up to date for the third edition. Where Bourdieuâs own writings are often complex, even ambiguous, Richard Jenkins is direct, concise and to the point. Emphasizing Bourdieuâs contributions to sociological and anthropological epistemology, Jenkins also deals in detail with Bourdieu's substantive studies of education, social stratification, cultural consumption, language, and rural society in transition. A model of clarity and insight, this book offers an accessible introduction to Bourdieuâs work for students, scholars, and all those interested in social thought.
£26.24
Taylor & Francis Ltd The Historical Value of Myths
Book SynopsisThis book explores the connection between history and mythology by engaging with myths not as allegories or falsehoods, but as representations of historical experience.Historical approaches to myth are often absent from discussions of mythology, which favour symbolic and psychological interpretations. This analysis traces certain episodes of myths' complex ancestries, from when their relationship with history could not so easily be severed, to subsequent attempts, which misunderstood myths as confused, undeveloped lenses for humanity to view the world. Drawing on the works of English philosopher R.G. Collingwood and the Romanticism movement, the book argues for the expansion of methodological approaches to myths. It explores the ways in which myths have served as clues for the history of civilization and humanity's ever-changing complexities.The Historical Value of Myths is an illuminating read for advanced undergraduates, postgraduates, and researchers in the fTable of ContentsPart 1 1. The Enigma of Myth as History: The View from Antiquity 2. The Decadence of Myth: "Priestly Lies", Exaggerated Histories and Allegories 3. The Significance of Method: R.G. Collingwood and Fairy Tales as Myths Part 2 4. Romantic Historiography and Myths 5. Edmund Burke: The Forgotten Historian 6. Conclusion: The Historicity of Myths: Some Thoughts on History and Myth
£43.69
Taylor & Francis Ltd Philosophic Classics From Plato to Derrida
Book SynopsisPhilosophic Classics: From Plato to Derrida includes essential writings of the most important philosophers from almost two millennia of Western philosophy. In updating this Seventh Edition, editor Forrest E. Baird has continued to follow the same criteria established by the late-Walter Kaufmann when the Philosophic Classics series was first established: (1) to use complete works or, where more appropriate, complete sections of works (2) in clear translations (3) of texts central to each thinker's philosophy or widely accepted as part of the canon. To make the works more accessible to students, most footnotes treating textual matters (variant readings, etc.) have been omitted and important words from antiquity have been transliterated and put in angle brackets. In addition, each thinker is introduced by a brief essay composed of three sections: (1) biographical (a glimpse of the life), (2) philosophical (a résumé of the philosopher's thought), and (3) bibliograTable of ContentsPrefaceTimeline PART I: ANCIENT GREEK PHILOSOPHYSocrates and PlatoEuthyphroApologyCritoPhaedo (72c–83e, 114e–118b)Republic (Book I, 336b–342e, 347b–e; Book II, 357a–362c, 368a–376e; Book III, 412b–417b; Book IV, 427c–445e; Book V, 449–462e, 473b–e; and Books VI–VII, 502c–521b) 59AristotlePhysics (Book II, complete)Metaphysics (Book I, 1–4, 6, 9; and Book XII, 6–9)On the Soul (Book II, Chapters 1–3; and Book III, 4–5)Nicomachean Ethics (Books I–II; Book IV, 3; Books VI–VII; and Book X, 6–8)PART II: HELLENISTIC AND ROMAN PHILOSOPHYEpicurusLetter to MenoeceusPrincipal DoctrinesEpictetusHandbook (Enchiridion)Pyrrho and Sextus EmpiricusOutlines of Pyrrhonism (Book I, 1–13)PlotinusPorphyry’s Life of Plotinus (selections)Enneads (Ennead I, Tractate 6)PART III: CHRISTIANITY AND MEDIEVAL PHILOSOPHYAugustineConfessions (Book VIII, 5, 8–12; and Book XI, 14–28)City of God (Book XI, Chapter 26; and Book XII, Chapters 1–9)BoethiusThe Consolation of Philosophy (Book V, Chapter 6)Anselm (and Gaunilo)Proslogion (Preface; Chapters 1–4)Gaunilo and Anselm: Debate (selections)Hildegard of BingenScivias (Book I, Vision 4, 16–26)Moses MaimonidesThe Guide for the Perplexed (Part II, Introduction)Thomas AquinasSumma Theologica (selections)William of OckhamSumma Logicae (On Universals Part I, Chapters 14–16)Giovanni Pico della MirandolaOration on the Dignity of Man (in part)PART IV: MODERN PHILOSOPHYFrancis BaconNovum Organum (Preface, Book I, Chapters 3-4, 7-8, 11-12, 14, 19, 22, 24-25, 31, 36, 38-44; Book II, Chapter 10)René DescartesMeditations on the First PhilosophyCorrespondence with Princess Elizabeth (selections)Thomas HobbesLeviathan (selections from Chapters 1–3, 6, 9, 12–15, 17–18, 21)Blaise PascalPensées (selections)Baruch SpinozaEthics (Sections I and II)John LockeAn Essay Concerning Human Understanding (abridged)Gottfried LeibnizDiscourse on MetaphysicsThe MonadologyGeorge BerkeleyThree Dialogues Between Hylas and PhilonousDavid HumeAn Enquiry Concerning Human UnderstandingJean-Jacques RousseauThe Social Contract (Book I)Immanuel KantProlegomena to Any Future MetaphysicsGroundwork of the Metaphysics of MoralsOn a Supposed Right to Lie From Altruistic MotivesMary WollstonecraftA Vindication of the Rights of Woman (Chapter 6)PART V: NINETEENTH-CENTURY PHILOSOPHYG.W.F. HegelPhenomenology of Spirit (B, IV, A: "Independence and Dependence of Self-Consciousness: Relations of Master and Servant")Lectures on the History of Philosophy ("The Final Result")John Stuart MillUtilitarianismSøren KierkegaardFear and Trembling (Problema I: "Teleological Suspension of the Ethical")Concluding Unscientific Postscript (Section II, Chapter 2, "Subjective Truth, Inwardness; Truth Is Subjectivity") Karl MarxTheses on FeuerbachEconomic and Philosophical Manuscripts of 1844 ("Alienated Labor")Manifesto of the Communist Party (Chapters 1 and 2)A Contribution to the Critique of Political Economy (Preface)Notes on Bakunin’s Statehood and Anarchy (selections)William JamesPragmatism (Lecture II: What Pragmatism Means)Friedrich NietzscheThe Birth of Tragedy (Chapters 1–3)The Gay Science (selections)Twilight of the Idols (selections)The Anti-Christ (First Book, 2–7, 62)PART VI: TWENTIETH-CENTURY PHILOSOPHYEdited by Hans Bynagle Edmund HusserlPhenomenology (Encyclopaedia Brittanica article)W.E.B. Du BoisThe Souls of Black Folks (Chapter 1)Bertrand RussellThe Problems of Philosophy (Chapters 1 & 15)Martin HeideggerIntroduction to Metaphysics (Chapter 1: "The Fundamental Question of Metaphysics") 1101Ludwig WittgensteinTractatus Logico-Philosophicus (Preface Sections 1–3.1431,4, 4.06, 4.1, 5, 5.6, 6.4–7) 1131Philosophical Investigations (Paragraphs 1–47, 65–71, 241, 257–258, 305, 309) 1139A.J. Ayer Language, Truth and Logic (Preface and Chapter 1: "Elimination of Metaphysics") Jean-Paul SartreExistentialism Is a HumanismSimone De BeauvoirThe Second Sex (Introduction)Willard Van Orman QuineTwo Dogmas of EmpiricismJacques DerridaOf Grammatology ("The Written Being/The Being Written")
£128.25
Taylor & Francis Ltd Causality Probability and Medicine
Book SynopsisWhy is understanding causation so important in philosophy and the sciences? Should causation be defined in terms of probability? Whilst causation plays a major role in theories and concepts of medicine, little attempt has been made to connect causation and probability with medicine itself. Causality, Probability, and Medicine is one of the first books to apply philosophical reasoning about causality to important topics and debates in medicine. Donald Gillies provides a thorough introduction to and assessment of competing theories of causality in philosophy, including action-related theories, causality and mechanisms, and causality and probability. Throughout the book he applies them to important discoveries and theories within medicine, such as germ theory; tuberculosis and cholera; smoking and heart disease; the first ever randomized controlled trial designed to test the treatment of tuberculosis; the growing area of philosophy of evidence-based Trade Review"...[B]ound to become a must-read for any scholars interested in medical methodology, especially in how notions such as causality, evidence, mechanism, and probability intersect. These intersections have many facets, and Gillies gives us his own story of how they are linked. It is to be hoped that others will contribute to these debates, whether by examining other historical case studies, or exploring other practices in medicine where these issues are at stake." - Federica Russo, Notre Dame Philosophical Reviews"This book is just what philosophy of medicine needs – careful argumentative analysis of issues that matter to the practice of biomedical science." - Harold Kincaid, University of Cape Town, South Africa"With his usual clarity, Professor Gillies manages to deal simultaneously with two among the most complex and thorny issues in science and philosophy of science: causality and probability. And he does so in a field – medicine – where their complexity grows exponentially, because of the theoretical and practical challenges of understanding and curing disease. The book is therefore an essential guide to those who want to delve into medicine." - Federica Russo, University of Amsterdam, The Netherlands"This book develops a philosophical theory of causality in a very engaging and readable way. It sheds light on many historical examples of medical discovery and also on present-day causal modelling methods. Essential reading for anyone interested in causality, probability, or medicine." - Jon Williamson, University of Kent, UK"Although the book often deals with quite technical and complicated material, it remains accessible throughout because the written expression is characteristically clear and engaging. All of the mathematical details are confined to a couple of appendices, which sit alongside a helpful glossary of medical terms. The book is also an excellent example of an approach in the philosophy of science that draws philosophical conclusions on the basis of a close examination of historical examples from actual scientific practic[....] It is therefore essential reading for anyone working in the history and philosophy of science and in particular the philosophy of medicine." -Daniel Auker‑Howlett & Michael Wilde, University of Kent, Canterbury, UK"This book is just what philosophy of medicine needs - careful argumentative analysis of issues that matter to the practice of biomedical science." - Harold Kincaid, University of Cape Town, South Africa"With his usual clarity, Professor Gillies manages to deal simultaneously with two among the most complex and thorny issues in science and philosophy of science: causality and probability. And he does so in a field - medicine - where their complexity grows exponentially, because of the theoretical and practical challenges of understanding and curing disease. The book is therefore an essential guide to those who want to delve into medicine." - Federica Russo, University of Amsterdam, The Netherlands"This book develops a philosophical theory of causality in a very engaging and readable way. It sheds light on many historical examples of medical discovery and also on present-day causal modelling methods. Essential reading for anyone interested in causality, probability, or medicine." - Jon Williamson, University of Kent, UKTable of ContentsIntroduction Part 1: Causality and Action 1. An action-related theory of causality 2. General discussion of AIM theories of causality 3. An example from medicine. Koch’s work on bacterial diseases and his postulates Part 2: Causality and Mechanisms 4. Mechanistic theories of causality and causal theories of Mechanism 5. Types of evidence: (i) evidence of mechanism 6. Types of evidence: (ii) statistical evidence in human populations 7. Combining statistical evidence with evidence of mechanism 8. The Russo-Williamson thesis: (i) effects of smoking on health 9. The Russo-Williamson thesis: (ii) the evaluation of streptomycin and thalidomide 10. Objections to the Russo-Williamson thesis 11. Discovering cures in medicine and seeking for deeper explanations Part 3: Causality and Probability 12. Indeterministic causality 13. Causal networks 14. How should probabilities be interpreted? 15. Pearl’s alternative approach to linking causality and probability 16. Extension of the action-related theory to the indeterministic case. Appendix 1. Example of a simple medical intervention which is not an intervention in Woodward’s sense Appendix 2. Mathematical Terminology Appendix 3. Sudbury’s Theorems Glossary of Medical Terms Index
£37.99
Taylor & Francis Ltd Metaethics: An Introduction
Book SynopsisDo moral facts exist? What would they be like if they did? What does it mean to say that a moral claim is true? What is the link between moral judgement and motivation? Can we know whether something is right and wrong? Is morality a fiction? Metaethics: An Introduction presents a very clear and engaging survey of the key concepts and positions in what has become one of the most exciting and influential fields of philosophy. Free from technicality and jargon, the book covers the main ideas that have shaped metaethics from the work of G. E. Moore to the latest thinking. Written specifically for beginning students, the book assumes no prior philosophical knowledge. The book highlights ways to avoid common errors, offers hints and tips on learning the subject, includes a glossary of core terms, and provides guidance for further study.Trade Review"Fills a very clear gap ... a genuinely introductory and accessible text. It would be very surprising if this book was not included as standard on most metaethics courses at undergraduate and Masters levels." – Political Studies Review"One of the greatest successes of the work is that Fisher clearly understands what a textbook should be, and how it can be of most use to students … Fisher's book constantly points beyond itself, repeatedly and strongly hinting that there is more to be done once each chapter has been gone through … There is an awful lot to praise in this first-rate textbook … If you are a student looking for an accessible and worthwhile introduction to the field of metaethics, you have found it. If you are a lecturer looking for a metaethics textbook to recommend, you can recommend this one with confidence." – Metapsychology OnlineTable of Contents1. Introduction 2. The Open Question Argument 3. Emotivism 4. Error Theory 5. Moral Realism and Naturalism 6. Moral Realism and Non-Naturalism 7. Quasi-Realism 8. Moral Relativism 9. Moral Psychology 10. Moral Epistemology 11. Fictionalism and Non-Descriptive Cognitivism. Index
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Taylor & Francis Ltd Tacit Knowledge
Book SynopsisTacit knowledge is the form of implicit knowledge that we rely on for learning. It is invoked in a wide range of intellectual inquiries, from traditional academic subjects to more pragmatically orientated investigations into the nature and transmission of skills and expertise. Notwithstanding its apparent pervasiveness, the notion of tacit knowledge is a complex and puzzling one. What is its status as knowledge? What is its relation to explicit knowledge? What does it mean to say that knowledge is tacit? Can it be measured? Recent years have seen a growing interest from philosophers in understanding the nature of tacit knowledge. Philosophers of science have discussed its role in scientific problem-solving; philosophers of language have been concerned with the speaker's relation to grammatical theories; and phenomenologists have attempted to describe the relation of explicit theoretical knowledge to a background understanding of matters that are taken for granted. This book seeks to bring a unity to these diverse philosophical discussions by clarifying their conceptual underpinnings. In addition the book advances a specific account of tacit knowledge that elucidates the importance of the concept for understanding the character of human cognition, and demonstrates the relevance of the recommended account to those concerned with the communication of expertise. The book will be of interest to philosophers of language, epistemologists, cognitive psychologists and students of theoretical linguistics.Trade Review"A prodigious engagement of all sorts of relevant literature, propounding a carefully crafted thesis and defence of tacit knowledge. Taken as a whole, the book's overarching argument is professionally and intentionally forwarded... a substantive, fresh contribution to ongoing debate." – Notre Dame Philosophical ReviewsTable of ContentsIntroduction 1. Making it Explicit: Three Sources for Tacit Knowledge 2. Knowing How and Knowing That 3. Wittgenstein's Regress Argument and Personal Knowledge 4. Being in the Background 5. Second Natures 6. Tacit Knowledge and Language
£36.99
Cambridge University Press Augustine On the Free Choice of the Will On Grace and Free Choice and Other Writings Cambridge Texts in the History of Philosophy
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Cambridge University Press The Correspondence Theory of Truth
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Cambridge University Press The Logic of the History of Ideas
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Cambridge University Press The Epistemology of the Cyrenaic School
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Cambridge University Press Kant on Representation and Objectivity
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Cambridge University Press Popper Otto Selz and the Rise of Evolutionary Epistemology
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Cambridge University Press The Physical Basis of Predication
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Cambridge University Press The Value of Knowledge and the Pursuit of Understanding
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Cambridge University Press Belief Policies
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Cambridge University Press Meaning Expression and Thought
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Cambridge University Press Intellectual Trust in Oneself and Others
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Cambridge University Press Information and Meaning in Evolutionary Processes
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Cambridge University Press Physicalism and Its Discontents
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Cambridge University Press Knowledge Belief and Strategic Interaction
Book SynopsisA group of pre-eminent figures offer a conspectus of the interaction of game theory, logic and episemology in the formal models of knowledge, belief, deliberation and learning.Trade Review"...a first class collection of essays that should both advance the foundations of modern game theory and give philosophers an excellent and up-to-date view as to what is going on in this recently and increasingly important area of philosophy." Ellery Eells, University of WisconsinTable of ContentsPreface; 1. Feasibility Isaac Levi; 2. Elicitation for games Joseph B. Kadane, Isaac Levi and Teddy Seidenfeld; 3. Equilibrium, common knowledge, and optimal sequential decisions Joseph B. Kadane and Teddy Seidenfeld; 4. Rational choice in the context of ideal games Edward F. McClennen; 5. Hyperrational games: concept and resolutions Jordan Howard Sobel; 6. Equilibria and the dynamics of rational deliberation Brian Skyrms; 7. Tortuous labyrinth: noncooperative normal-form games between hyperrational players Wlodzimierz Rabinowicz; 8. On consistency properties of some strongly implementable social choice rules with endogenous agenda formation Stefano Vannucci; 9. Algorithmic knowledge and game theory Ken Binmore and Hyun Song Shin; 10. Possible worlds, counterfactuals, and epistemic operators Maria Luisa Dalla Chiara; 11. Semantical aspects of quantified modal logic Giovanna Corsi and Silvio Ghilardi; 12. Epistemic logic and game theory Bernard Walliser; 13. Abstract notions of simultaneous equilibrium and their uses Vittorioemanuele Ferrante; 14. Representing facts Krister Segerberg; 15. Introduction to metamoral Roberto Magari; 16. The logic of Ulam's games with lies Daniele Mundici; 17. The acquisition of common knowledge Michael Bacharach; 18. The electronic mail game: strategic behavior under 'almost common knowledge' Ariel Rubinstein; 19. Knowledge-depentent games: backward induction Cristina Bicchieri; 20. Common knowledge and games with perfect information Philip J. Reny; 21. Game solutions and the normal form John C. Harsanyi; 22. The dynamics of belief systems: foundations versus coherence theories Peter Gärdenfors; 23. Counterfactuals and a theory of equilibrium in games Hyun Song Shin.
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Cambridge University Press Betting on Theories
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Cambridge University Press Silence and the Word
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Cambridge University Press Kants Analytic
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Cambridge University Press Thinking with Concepts
Book SynopsisIn his preface Mr Wilson writes 'I feel that a great many adults â would do better to spend less time in simply accepting the concepts of others uncritically, and more time in learning how to analyse concepts in general'. Mr Wilson starts by describing the techniques of conceptual analysis. He then gives examples of them in action by composing answers to specific questions and by criticism of quoted passages of argument. Chapter 3 sums up the importance of this kind of mental activity. Chapter 4 presents selections for the reader to analyse, followed by questions of university entrance/scholarship type. This is a book to be worked through, in a sense a text-book.Trade Review'In this book, Mr Wilson outlines a system of mental engineering to canalise the potentialities of the youthful mind. The result is a work of absorbing interest and a model of clear thought and clear writing.' London Head Teacher'His exposition is fairly elementary … but it is always intelligent, and many readers would certainly be better for learning his lessons. This book could do good, and not only at the relatively humble level of preparation for General Papers.' Times Educational SupplementTable of ContentsPreface; Part I. The Business of Analysis: 1. what is conceptual analysis?; 2. Difficulties and methods of analysis; 3. Additional notes; Part II. Examples of Analysis: 4. Criticism of passages; 5. Answering questions of concept; Part III. Philosophy and Analysis; Part IV. Practice in Analysis: 6. Passages for criticism; 7. Questions to answer.
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Cambridge University Press Belief Truth and Knowledge
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Cambridge University Press Artistic Truth
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Cambridge University Press Intrinsic Value Concept and Warrant Cambridge Studies in Philosophy
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Cambridge University Press Ideas Qualities and Corpuscles Locke and Boyle on the External World
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Cambridge University Press Analytical Philosophy of Action
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Cambridge University Press Our Knowledge of the Past A Philosophy of Historiography
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Cambridge University Press Locke and the Compass of Human Understanding A Selective Commentary on the Essay
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Cambridge University Press Epistemology 64 Royal Institute of Philosophy Supplements Series Number 64
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Cambridge University Press Common Sense
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Cambridge University Press Achieving Knowledge A VirtueTheoretic Account of Epistemic Normativity
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Cambridge University Press The Damned and the Elect
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