Philosophical traditions and schools of thought Books

Book SynopsisFerdinand Christian Baur''s Die Christliche Gnosis, first published in 1835, is considered by many to be the most important book on Gnosticism published in the nineteenth century and is a pivotal work within Baur''s canon. Baur''s unique thesis of a link between ancient and modern religious philosophy, as well as his conception of Gnosticism - developed through dialogues with his predecessors and contemporaries - consolidate Christian Gnosis as an important contribution to Christian theology. In this seminal work, written over a hundred years before the manuscript discovery at Nag Hammadi, Baur classifies the gnostic systems in terms of how they conceive the relationship of Christianity to Judaism and paganism, describing them in detail. He then goes on to describe the criticism of and reaction to gnosis in church history, before contending with the modern religious philosophy of his time, discussing Boehme, Schelling, Schleiermacher and Hegel. Christian Gnosis is Baur''s first great rTrade ReviewThat Baur's speculative masterpiece, Die christliche Gnosis (1835), has not been translated into English before now has always struck me as a scandal. The translation by Brown of this difficult and sometimes meandering text is impeccable. But what is even more impressive is that in his translation we capture the excitement of Baur's critical retrieval of ancient forms of thought that has shaped a form of modern Protestantism that moves decisively beyond sola scriptura. Cyril O'Regan, Catherine F. Huisking Professor of Theology, Notre Dame University In Christian Gnosis, Baur set forth with vigor and surprising clarity what he referred to as the 'internal coherence' of the gnostic system, from antiquity to the thought of his older contemporaries. In this beautifully annotated translation, Peter Hodgson and Robert Brown make this important work accessible to the anglophone world at last, enabling a new generation of readers to wrestle with Baur's provocative synthesis of a perennial theme. David Lincicum, Rev. John A. O'Brien Associate Professor of Theology, Notre Dame UniversityTable of ContentsEditor's Foreword Baur's Preface Baur's Introduction: The Topic of This Investigation and How it Has Been Treated: Massuet, Mosheim, Neander Abbreviations Part One: The Concept and Origin of Gnosis, the Division of Gnosis as to Its Various Principal Forms, and Their General Determination 1. The Concept of Gnosis 2. The Origins of Gnosis 3. Classification of the Gnostic Systems Part Two: The Various Principal Forms of Gnosis 1. The Form of Gnosis Linking Christianity Closely to Judaism and Paganism 2. The Form of Gnosis Separating Christianity from Judaism and Paganism: The System of Marcion 3. The Form of Gnosis Identifying Christianity and Judaism, and Setting Forth Both of Them in Opposition to Paganism: The Pseudo-Clementine System Part Three: The Conflict of Gnosis with Neoplatonism and with the Teaching of the Church; the Further Development of Gnosis in Virtue of This Conflict Introduction: The Pagan and Christian Polemic against Gnosis 1. The Polemic of the Neoplatonists against the Gnostics 2. The Polemic against Gnosis by the Church Fathers: Irenaeus, Tertullian, and Clement of Alexandria Part Four: Ancient Gnosis and More Recent Religious Philosophy 1. The Transition from Ancient Gnosis to the More Recent Religious Philosophy 2. The More Recent Religious Philosophy Index of Persons Index of Subjects

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Book SynopsisDazzlingly original but deeply engaged with the philosophical currents of her time, Margaret Cavendish (1623â1673) was one of the most ingenious and exciting philosophers of the seventeenth century. In Cavendish, Alison Peterman provides a systematic reading of Cavendishâs natural philosophy. While highlighting interpretations of Cavendish that present her as an anthropomorphic thinker, Peterman advocates instead for reading Cavendish in light of her naturalism, materialism, and anti-anthropocentrism, explaining how these themes ramify in Cavendishâs metaphysics, philosophy of mind, epistemology, and method. Cavendish articulates and explains what is novel and heterodox in Cavendishâs views, and also examines her philosophical engagement with other seventeenth-century thinkers like Hobbes, Boyle, Descartes, and Hooke.An outstanding introduction for newcomers to Cavendish, Cavendish is essential reading for students and scholars of Cavendish as well as those taking courses in seventeenth-century philosophy, metaphysics, history of science, philosophy of mind, epistemology, and philosophical methodology.

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Book SynopsisIn this rendition, first published in 2000, Ferrari and Griffith have produced a vivid, dignified and accurate textbook of one of the great works of Western political thought. It contains an expanded introduction assessing the cultural and political background and general argument; text notes; summary of content; full glossary; chronology of events; and guide to further reading.Trade Review"[Griffith's] aim was to traslate the Greek text as if it were a conversation, and he has succeeded admirably." Library Journal"In addition to a vivid, dignified and accurate rendition of Plato's text, the student and general reader will find many aids to comprehension in this volume: an introduction that assesses the cultural background to the Republic, its place within political philosophy, and its general argument; succinct notes in the body of the text; an analytical summary of the work's content; a full glossary of proper names; a chronology of important events; and a guide to further reading. The result is an accomplished and accessible edition of this seminal work, suitable for philosophers and classicists as well as historians of political thought at all levels." African Sun Times Review of BooksTable of ContentsIntroduction: the thirty; Faction; A Spartan utopia?; The philosopher and the king; A political work?; City and soul; Mathematics and metaphysics; A guide to further reading; Principal dates; Abbreviations and conventions; Editor's synopsis of The Republic; The Republic: Book 1; Book 2; Book 3; Book 4; Book 5; Book 6; Book 7; Book 8; Book 9; Book 10.

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Book SynopsisThe four short works in Untimely Meditations were published by Nietzsche between 1873 and 1876.They deal with such broad topics as the relationship between popular and genuine culture, strategies for cultural reform, the task of philosophy, the nature of education, and the relationship between art, science and life. They also include Nietzsche's earliest statement of his own understanding of human selfhood as a process of endlessly 'becoming who one is'. As Daniel Breazeale shows in his introduction to this new edition of R. J. Hollingdale's translation of the essays, these four early texts are key documents for understanding the development of Nietzsche's thought and clearly anticipate many of the themes of his later writings. Nietzsche himself always cherished his Untimely Meditations and believed that they provide valuable evidence of his 'becoming and self-overcoming' and constitute a 'public pledge' concerning his own distinctive task as a philosopher.Table of ContentsDavid Strauss, the confessor and the writer; On the uses and disadvantages of history for life; Schopenhauer as educator; Richard Wagner in Bayreuth.

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Book SynopsisFor Michel Foucault, philosophy was a way of questioning the allegedly necessary truths that underpin the practices and institutions of modern society. He carried this out in a series of deeply original and strikingly controversial studies on the origins of modern medical and social scientific disciplines. These studies have raised fundamental questions about the nature of human knowledge and its relation to power structures, and have become major topics of discussion throughout the humanities and social sciences. The essays in this volume provide a comprehensive overview of Foucault's major themes and texts, from his early work on madness through his history of sexuality. Special attention is also paid to thinkers and movements, from Kant through current feminist theory, that are particularly important for understanding his work and its impact. This revised edition contains five new essays and revisions of many others, and the extensive bibliography has been updated.Table of ContentsPreface; Biographical chronology; Introduction: Michel Foucault: a user's manual Gary Gutting; 1. Foucault's mapping of history Thomas Flynn; 2. Foucault and the history of madness Gary Gutting; 3. The death of man, or exhaustion of the Cogito? Georges Canguilhem; 4. Power/knowledge Joseph Rouse; 5. Ethics as ascetics: Foucault, the history of ethics, and ancient thought Arnold Davidson; 6. Michel Foucault's ethical imagination James Bernauer and Michael Mahon; 7. The analytic of finitude and the history of subjectivity Beatrice Han-Pile; 8. Foucault's encounter with Heidegger and Nietzsche Hans Sluga; 9. Foucault and Habermas David Ingram; 10. Foucault's relation to phenomenology Todd May; 11. Against interiority: Foucault's struggle with psychoanalysis Joel Whitebrook; 12. Foucault's Modernism Gerald Bruns; 13. Queering Foucault and the subject of feminism Jana Sawicki.

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Book SynopsisAnscombe on thought, experience, sensation, and the ethics of virtue Gertrude Elizabeth Margaret Anscombe is one of analytical philosophy''s most prominent figures, the founder of consequentialism, and a leading mind in the field of virtue ethics. Metaphysics and the Philosophy of Mind: The collected Philosophical Papers of G.E.M. Anscombe, Volume 2, is part of a multivolume compilation of her life''s work, providing insight into the mind of a groundbreaking 20th century philosopher. This volume''s work explores memory, intentionality, causality and time, delving into the language, actions, and logic of perception, sensation, and more.Table of ContentsPart 1 The Philosophy of Mind Part 2 Memory and the Past Part 3 Causality and Time Index 233

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Book SynopsisThis is a book on philosophy which subjects several theories to critical examination and asks how they relate to our commonsensical notions of reality. Among the celebrated philosophers whom the author tries to debunk are Plato, Hegel, Kant, Foucault, Popper, Nozick, Feyerabend and Goodman.Table of ContentsCole Porter and Karl Popper, or the Jazz Age in the philosphy of science; philosophy and lunacy, or Nelson Goodman and the omnipotence of words; "always apologize, always explain - Robert Nozick's war wounds; "I only am escaped alone to tell thee" - epistemology and the Ishmael effect; idealism - a Victorian horror story; what is wrong with our thoughts? - a neo-positivist credo.

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Book SynopsisIncluding three of his most famous and important essays, Utilitarianism, On Liberty, and Essay on Bentham, along with formative selections from Jeremy Bentham and John Austin, this volume provides a uniquely perspicuous view of Mill''s ethical and political thought. Contains Mill''s most famous and influential works, Utilitarianism and On Liberty as well as his important Essay on Bentham. Uses the 1871 edition of Utilitarianism, the last to be published in Mill''s lifetime. Includes selections from Bentham and John Austin, the two thinkers who most influenced Mill. Introduction written by Mary Warnock, a highly respected figure in 20th-century ethics in her own right. Provides an extensive, up-to-date bibliography with the best scholarship on Mill, Bentham and Utilitarianism. Trade Review"Anyone interested in the utilitarianism of Bentham and Mill will be pleased to have the essential readings in one volume and grateful to Mary Warnock for her informative and insightful introduction." William H. Shaw, San Jose State University "The creed which accepts as the foundation of morals Utility, or the Greatest Happiness Principle, holds that actions are right in proportion as they tend to promote happiness, wrong as they tend to produce the reverse of happiness." John Stuart Mill, Utilitarianism "The sole end for which mankind are warranted, individually or collectively, in interfering with the liberty of action of any of their number, is self-protection." John Stuart Mill, On LibertyTable of ContentsIntroduction by Mary Warnock 1 BENTHAMAn Introduction to the Principles of Morals and Legislation (chapters I–V) 17 MILL Bentham (from Dissertations and Discussions, volume I) 52 On Liberty 88 Utilitarianism 181 Appendix AUSTIN The Province of Jurisprudence Determined. Lecture II 236 Bibliography 252 Chronological table 255 Index 257

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Book SynopsisTrade ReviewCombines polyglot philological rigor with supple intellectual sympathy, and it is all presented—as Geuss puts it—hilaritatis causa, or in a spirit of fun…This bracing and approachable book [demonstrates] that there is life in philosophy yet. -- Jonathan Rée * Times Literary Supplement *If one of philosophy’s crucial tasks is to snap us out of complacency and re-frame the parameters of debate, then there is always scope for a roll call of practitioners who have particularly enjoyed inspiring the ‘moment when the gears shift.’ Raymond Geuss defines his splendid book as an ‘intellectually relaxed, essayistic introduction’ to the rule-benders. Big names predominate—Montaigne, Hobbes, Hegel, Nietzsche, et al—but Geuss, who wears his expansive learning lightly, has interesting things to say about them all. * Catholic Herald *Exceptionally engaging…All of the book’s chapters exhibit an unusually deep understanding of the thinkers they cover. Like a good teacher of philosophy, Geuss goes straight to what he takes to be the heart of the systems of thought he means to explain, without getting lost in scholarly details…Geuss has a remarkable knack for putting even familiar thinkers in a new light…A perfect remedy for harried professional philosophers…[who] sometimes forget why they fell in love with philosophy in the first place. -- Frederick Neuhouser * Notre Dame Philosophical Reviews *Geuss is something like the consummate teacher, his analyses navigable and crystal, his guidance on point. -- Doug Phillips * Key Reporter *Changing the Subject is the fruit of a long lifetime mastering the subject, and so demonstrates much more than an impressive breadth of scholarship: the work’s structure, style, and often trenchant critical evaluations give expression to a genuinely distinctive and distinguished view of the world. -- Stephen Mulhall, University of OxfordGeuss is an astute reader and conveys with remarkable clarity, elegance, and wit some of the essential ideas of the authors whose work he is discussing. His thinking is always fresh and provocative, and arises out of a deep engagement with these philosophers. -- Richard Kraut, Northwestern University

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Book SynopsisBerlin''s main theme in these essays is the importance in the history of ideas of dissenters whose thinking still challenges conventional wisdom - among them Machiavelli, Vico, Montesquieu, Herzen and Sorel. With his unusual powers of imaginative re-creation, he brings to life original minds that swam against the current of their times, and in the process offers a powerful defence of variety in our visions of life. Roger Hausheer''s introduction surveys Berlin''s whole oeuvre, and the full bibliography of his pubication has been updated for this Pimlico edition.Trade ReviewA most remarkable intellectual achievement. There are few books published in our time which more dazzlingly illuminate some of the most crucial problems of western culture and civilisation * Encounter *Berlin expounds with idea of half-forgotten thinkers with luminous clarity and imaginative empathy... exhilirating to read * Observer *The most imaginative, distinguished and erudite of historians of ideas in this country -- Anthony Quinton * Spectator *Isaiah Berlin has a masterly grasp. He is one of the most concerned liberal minds in Europe -- V.S. Pritchett * New Statesman *

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Book SynopsisFrom its first publication, what is now known as the Immortality Ode has been praised for the magnificence of its verse and disparaged for its paucity of meaning - the ''immortality'' of the subtitle unsubstantiated, and the ''recollections'' insubstantial. Yet Wordsworth''s idea of immortality has clear precedents in the seventeenth century, and recollections of childhood are Traherne''s starting point for the recovery of a lost vision comparable to Wordsworth''s. Via the power of the imagination, or reason, they believed they could experience a renewed vision that both termed variously Paradise, or infinity, or immortality. Graham Davidson traces the origins of Wordsworth''s poetic impetus to his resistance to the Cartesian division between mind and nature, first adumbrated by the Cambridge Platonists. If reunited, Paradise was regained, but this personal trajectory was tempered by a deep sympathy for the woes of mortal life. Davidson explores the consequent dialogue through some of Trade Review{\rtf1\ansi\ansicpg1252\deff0\deflang2057{\fonttbl{\f0\fnil\fcharset0 Verdana;}} {\colortbl ;\red0\green0\blue0;} \viewkind4\uc1\pard\hyphpar0\sb283\sl288\slmult1\qj\cf1\f0\fs20 "Many attempts have been made to fit Wordsworth\rquote s thought to the various templates of Anglicanism, Methodism, Pantheism, or to the very different philosophies of Locke, Berkeley or Kant. But, bar that of Plato, he avowed no \lquote ism\rquote . Davidson demonstrates that the framework of Wordsworth\rquote s thinking closely matches, and might be derived from, that of the very undogmatic Cambridge Platonists." Douglas Hedley, Professor of the Philosophy of Religion, University of Cambridge\par "A thorough investigation of the merits of Wordsworth\rquote s Intimations Ode from which any reader will learn. Freshly conceived, meticulously worked through, probing, respectful, exciting: a book to send readers back to the poem enlivened." James C.C. Mays, Emeritus Professor of Modern English and American poetry, University College Dublin\par "The fruit of a lifetime\rquote s engagement with Wordsworth, this is a deeply pondered, questioning study, full of insight into the poet\rquote s endless struggle to shape his thoughts. Of particular interest is how Davidson tackles Wordsworth\rquote s enigmatic \lquote life of things\rquote and its relationship to the thing itself. Uniquely, his study of Traherne illustrates how the progress of the Ode follows the pattern of Traherne\rquote s thought." David Fairer, Emeritus Professor of English, University of Leeds\par "In this strikingly original discussion of Wordsworth\rquote s major poems, free of theoretical obfuscation, Graham Davidson persuasively demonstrates that the poet\rquote s refusal to publish his work in chronological order, and The Prelude in his lifetime, resulted in the failure of the Victorians and the Modernists, especially Eliot, to understand fully what he had done." Stephen Gill, Supernumerary Fellow, Lincoln College Oxford\par Stimulating, stylish and meticulously researched, Graham Davidson\rquote s latest book offers new ways of reading William Wordsworth\rquote s Immortality Ode, a poem central to his poetic oeuvre, but often wildly misread or simply misunderstood.\par Jayne Thomas, Time Literary Review, October, 20, 2023 - Online\par \par \pard\cf0\par } For Davidson, Eliot's poetry points the reader to a gesture of salvation beyond this world, whereas Wordsworth and Coleridge felt it incarnated before them and passed on their experience of its power to others. By drawing on the Cambridge Platonists, as well as Douglas Hedley's discerning work on them, Davidson brings into focus a Wordsworth for whom paradise was regained through an intellectual acuity inseparable from sympathy, compassion, and faith. Emma Mason, University of Warnick, In The Charles Lamb Bulletin, Wintr 2023, New Series No. 178, pp87-88. Davidson's readings are admirably dedicated to preserving and explicating the terms of Wordsworth's writings, not only in the poetry, but in the prose and letters; he immerses his readers in generous quotations selected from throughout Wordsworth's body of work; and he is confident that Wordsworth speaks to any who will hear. Owen Boynton In A Tremble Ever Since In Essays In Criticism, Vol 73, Issue 4, October 2023, pages 460-467.Table of ContentsAbbreviations Acknowledgements Preface Part I: Patterns 1 A Philosophical Framework: Understanding the Intelligible 2 Expostulation and Reply: The Tables Turned 3 Tintern Abbey: His First and Happiest Ode 4 Geometry, Poetry and the Sublime of Man Part II: Principles 5 Intimations 6 Recollections Part III: A Crisis: The Poems of 1802 7 Several Kinds of Poem 8 Heaven and Earth Part IV: Reading the Ode 9 Origins 10 Verse, Grammar and Imagery 11 Competing Forces 12 Stanzas I-IV: The Statement of Loss 13 Stanzas V-VIII: The Analysis of Loss 14 Stanzas IX-X: Recovery 15 Stanza XI: Resolution Part V: Looking Forward into History 16 Poems Published and Unpublished 17 What if? A Counterfactual Reading Bibliography Index

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Book SynopsisThis is a lucid and highly readable account of Wittgensteins philosophy, set against the background of his extraordinary life and character. Woven together with a biographical narrative, this book is ideal for students seeking a clear and concise introduction to the work of this seminal 20th century philosopher.Trade Review"This is an excellent new introduction to Wittgenstein. It is highly recommendable for graduate students and advanced undergraduates. It is also highly recommendable for professional philosophers, since Schroeder is likely to challenge one's current conception of Wittgenstein." --Brian Armstrong, Grazer Philosophische Studien "This book is a truly impressive achievement … What is particularly striking is the combination of three elements that have rarely if ever been combined in such a forceful way: a well-informed and succinct presentation of the biographical and cultural context of Wittgenstein’s work, an exposition of his central texts which combines lucid introduction with novel scholarship, and a dialectically astute discussion of the substantive philosophical issues." --Hans-Johann Glock, University of Zurich "Dr Schroeder has written an excellent introduction to Wittgenstein's philosophy. He surveys the Tractatus and the Investigations with exemplary clarity and sweeps away recent misinterpretations with decisive arguments. His careful and methodical elucidations of the major themes in Wittgenstein's work will greatly benefit students." --Peter Hacker, St John’s College, OxfordTable of ContentsAcknowledgements. Abbreviations.. Chapter 1: Between Vienna and Cambridge. 1.1 The Wittgensteins. 1.2 Vienna. 1.3 Moral Solipsism. 1.4 Aviator or Philosopher. 1.5 Logic. 1.6 Norway and the War.. Chapter 2: Tractatus Logico-Philosophicus. 2.0 Logic and Sins. 2.1 Foundations: Referentialism, Analysis, Determinacy & Bi-polarity. 2.2 Logical Atomism. 2.3 Pictures: Language & Thought. 2.4 Logic. 2.5 Whereof One Cannot Speak. (a) Sense, logical syntax, internal properties and formal concepts. (b) The logical form of reality. (c) Solipsism. (d) Ethics. (e) The Tractatus Paradox.. Chapter 3: Schoolmaster, Architect and Professor of Philosophy.. Chapter 4: Philosophical Investigations. 4.0 Only an Album. 4.1 The Dissolution of Logical Atomism. (a) Referentialism. (b) Determinacy of sense. (c) Logical analysis. (d) Bi-polarity. (e) Essentialism. (f) Meaning through meaning. 4.2 The Nature of Philosophy. 4.3 Meaning and Use. 4.4 The Philosophical Problem about Mental Processes and States. 4.5 Understanding and Meaning An instructive misinterpretation. 4.6 The Inner-Object Conception of Sensations. (a) The Ascribability Argument. (b) The Idle-Wheel Argument. (c) Knowledge of other minds. (d) The No-Criterion Argument. (e) An understandable use. (f) The grammar of a sensation word. 4.7 Actions and Reasons. (a) Voluntary action. (b) Acting for reasons.. Chapter 5: The final years. Chapter 6: After Wittgenstein. 6.1 Oxford Philosophy & American Philosophy. 6.2 Challenges to Wittgenstein's Philosophy. (a) Attacks on the distinction between conceptual and empirical statements. (b) Attacks on the common-sense view of linguistic meaning. (c) Putnam's criticism of 'logical behaviourism'. Further Reading. Bibliography.

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Book SynopsisA step-by-step guide to Nietzsche's Thus Spoke ZarathustraTrade ReviewBurnham and Jesinghausen have provided an intelligent commentary, interspersed with brief amplifying excursions, that will help new and returning readers to disclose many meanings in the text, along its literary as well as philosophical dimensions. -- Graham Parkes, translator of Thus Spoke Zarathustra Burnham and Jesinghausen have provided an intelligent commentary, interspersed with brief amplifying excursions, that will help new and returning readers to disclose many meanings in the text, along its literary as well as philosophical dimensions.Table of ContentsSeries Editor's Preface; Authors' Note; 1. Introduction and Historical Context; 2. A Guide to the Text; 3. Study Aids: Types of Question You Will Encounter; Common Assessment Criteria; Tips for Writing about Nietzsche; Bibliography and Guide to Further Reading; Index.

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Book SynopsisWritten in 1714, the Monadology is widely considered to be the classic statement of Leibniz's mature philosophy. This is a fresh translation and in-depth commentary of Leibniz's seminal text, the Monadology.Table of ContentsAcknowledgements; Introduction; About the Text and Translation; Key; The Monadology; The Structure of the Monadology; The Monadology: Text with Running Commentary; Appendix; Glossary of Terms; Questions for Further Study; Further Reading; Index.

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Book SynopsisShows the author concerned with reality and moving toward a metaphysical system. This title includes twelve essays which are originally appeared in journals between 1904 and 1906. It contains such seminal essays as "Does Consciousness Exist?" and "A World of Pure Experience."

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Book SynopsisIn this book of brilliantly erudite and precise discussions, which also serves as an introduction to Pierre Hadot's more scholarly works, Hadot explains that for the Ancients, philosophy was not reducible to the building of a theoretical system: it was above all a choice about how to live one's life.Trade Review"Hadot's refreshing efforts to free philosophy and its history from the sterile constraints of abstract theorizing and academic specialization find a lively and productive outlet in the interviews collected here. Introduced by Jeannie Carlier, a French scholar of Neo-platonic religious thought and friend of Hadot, and conducted in turns by Carlier and Arnold Davidson, the American philosopher and intellectual historian most responsible for the introduction and dissemination of Hadot's work in English-speaking contexts, these conversations explore in depth and varied detail both the personal and the intellectual development of a scholar whose own work insists above all that the personal or existential cannot rightly or fruitfully be separated from the intellectual or philosophical. Enacting the kind of dialogue that Hadot believes essential to any philosophy that would constitute a living relation between persons rather than an abstract relation to ideas, these interviews could not find a more suitable subject."—Thomas A. Carlson, University of California, Santa Barbara

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Book SynopsisFrom the 1970s cult TV show, Monty Python’s Flying Circus, to the current hit musical Spamalot, the Monty Python comedy troupe has been at the center of popular culture and entertainment. The Pythons John Cleese, Graham Chapman, Eric Idle, Terry Jones, Michael Palin, and Terry Gilliam are increasingly recognized and honored for their creativity and enduring influence in the worlds of comedy and film. Monty Python and Philosophy extends that recognition into the world of philosophy. Fifteen experts in topics like mythology, Buddhism, feminism, logic, ethics, and the philosophy of science bring their expertise to bear on Python movies such as Monty Python’s Life of Brian and Flying Circus mainstays such as the Argument Clinic, the Dead Parrot Sketch, and, of course, the Bruces, the Pythons’ demented, song-filled vision of an Australian philosophy department. Monty Python and Philosophy follows the same hit format as the other titles in this popular series and explains all the philosophical concepts discussed in laymen’s terms.

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Book SynopsisProposes a vision of survival and flourishing in the face of economic and environmental catastrophe

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Book SynopsisFor more than two thousand years, philosophers and theologians have wrestled with the irreconcilable opposition between Greek rationality (Athens) and biblical revelation (Jerusalem).

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Book SynopsisA textbook for teachers that demonstrates how philosophical thinking can be used in teaching childrenTable of Contents PrefacePart I: Encouraging Children to Be Thoughtful 1. The Need for Educational RedesignEducational Dysfunction • Failure of Remedial Approaches • Meeting Expectations • Discovery • Frustration • Meaningful Experiences • Need for Adventure • Meaning versus Rationality 2. Thinking and the School CurriculumThe Child's Hunger for Meaning • Thinking Skillfully • Thinking Skills and Basic Skills • Thinking Skills and Other Academic Disciplines • The Relationship between Dialogue and Thinking • Thinking Well about Things That Matter 3. Philosophy: The Lost Dimension in EducationPhilosophy Begins in Wonder • Wonder and Meaning • Scientific Explanation • Symbolic Interpretation • Philosophical Investigation 4. Some Educational Presuppositions of Philosophy for ChildrenPreserving the Integrity of Philosophy as a Discipline • Converting the Classroom into a Community of Inquiry • Preparing the Teacher and the CurriculumPart II: Aims and Methods of Philosophy for Children 5. The Philosophy for Children CurriculumDescription of Curriculum • Aims and Objectives of Philosophy for Children • Improvement of Reasoning Ability • Development of Creativity • Personal and Interpersonal Growth • Development of Ethical Understanding • Development of the Ability to Find Meaning in Experience 6. Teaching Methodology: Value Considerations and Standards of PracticeGetting Children to Think for Themselves • Conditions for Teaching Philosophical Thinking • Teaching Behavior Conductive to Helping Children Engage in Philosophical Thinking 7. Guiding a Philosophical DiscussionPhilosophy and the Strategies of Dialogue • Guiding a Classroom Discussion • The Role of Ideas in a Philosophical Dialogue • Fostering Philosophical Dialogue • Eliciting Views or Opinions • Helping Students Express Themselves: Clarification and Restatement • Explicating Students' Views • Interpretation • Seeking Consistency • Requesting Definitions • Searching for Assumptions • Indicating Fallacies • Requesting Reasons • Asking Students to Say How They Know • Eliciting and Examining Alternatives • Orchestrating a DiscussionPart III: Applying Thinking Skills to School Experience 8. Encouraging Children to Be LogicalFormal Logic as an Aid to Philosophical Thinking • Giving Reasons: The Good Reasons Approach • Acting Rationally • Conclusion 9. Can Moral Education Be Divorced from Philosophical InquiryThe Presumption of Rationality • Setting the Stage for Moral Growth • Socialization and Autonomy in Moral Education • Dangerous Dichotomies in Moral Education • What to Do to Help the Children Know What to Do • Imagination and Moral Education • Where to Begin • Why Moral Education Cannot Be Divorced form Philosophical Education • The Relationship between Logic and Morality • The Improvement of Moral Judgment 10. Philosophical Themes in Ethical Inquiry for ChildrenThe Relation of Logic to Ethics • Consistency • The Right and the Fair • Perfect and Right • Free Will and Determination • Natural • Change and Growth • Truth • Caring • Standards and Rules • Questions and Answers • Thinking and Thinking for Oneself in Ethical Inquiry Appendix A: The Reform of Teacher Education Appendix B: Experimental Research in Philosophy for Children Bibliography

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Book SynopsisProposes to return with fresh eyes to the beginning of liberalism and the political philosophy of John Locke. Instead of looking at Lockean liberalism as a simple and timeworn ideological program, the essays reexamine Locke's project by remaining alive to the complexity and nuance with which he addressed his subject.

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Book SynopsisKierkegaard's thought is more relevant than ever to contemporary debates about the self, truth, ethics, and religion. This study explains how to make sense of controversial ideas in Kierkegaard's work, such as wholeheartedness, subjective truth, 'the leap' into faith and 'the teleological suspension of the ethical'.Trade Review'Professor Fremstedal conducts a compelling reconstruction of how Kierkegaard develops wholeheartedness based on his views of moral psychology, metaethics, and the ethics of religious belief … This monograph provides unique understanding and reliable resources, tackling some controversial issues, and is a timely reference worthy of being read by researchers interested in the study of Kierkegaard and his outstanding cognitive philosophy on selfhood, ethics, and religion.' Chuandai Qiao, Dialog A Journal of Theology'While this book will serve as an indispensable resource for contemporary Kierkegaard scholarship, it also has something to offer for ongoing conversations about Kant, German Romanticism, Idealism, ethics, religious epistemology, and Kierkegaard's subsequent relevance to these areas. In this way, Fremstedal has done a tremendous service to Kierkegaard scholarship by re-presenting him as a figure worthy of immediate consideration across multiple subdisciplines of philosophical and theological inquiry and scholarship.' Charles Duke, Journal for Continental Philosophy of ReligionTable of ContentsIntroduction; Part I. Self, Despair and Wholeheartedness: 1. Selfhood and anthropology; 2. Why be moral? The critique of amoralism; 3. Moral inescapability: Moral agency and meta-ethics; Part II. Morality, Prudence and Religion: 4. The critique of eudaimonism: Virtue ethics, kantianism and beyond; 5. Non-eudaimonistic ethics and religion: Happiness and salvation; 6. The 'Teleological suspension of the ethical' and Abraham's sacrifice of Isaac; 7. Moralized religion: The identity of the good and the divine; Part III. 'Subjectivity, Inwardness, is Truth': 8. 'Hidden inwardness' and humor: Kantian ethics and religion; 9. Subjective truth: 'Kierkegaard's most notorious…claim'; Part IV. Faith and Reason: 10. A leap of faith? The use of lessing, Jacobi and Kant; 11. Faith neither absurd nor irrational: The neglected reply to Eiríksson; 12. Faith beyond reason: Supra-rationalism and anti-rationalism; 13. The ethics of belief: Fideism and pragmatism; Conclusion; References; Index.

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Book SynopsisHarriet Taylor Mill is an overlooked figure in the history of political philosophy, ethics, economics and politics, over-shadowed by the fame of her writing partner, and eventual husband, John Stuart Mill. This Element explores her contribution to political theory; ethics; political economy; and political reform.Table of Contents1. Introduction; 2. Liberty, Individuality and Toleration; 3. Marriage, Sexual Relationships and Divorce; 4. Gender and Patriarchy; 5. Women's Rights; 6. Socialism; 7. Morality and Religion; 8. Conclusion.

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Book SynopsisThis book examines the ways in which classical Chinese philosophy compares with Western philosophy, contemporary issues and the context of world philosophy.Schools of thought essential to the development of Chinese philosophy, such as Confucianism, Daoism, Legalism and the School of Names, are considered in their relation to contemporary and popular culture, ethical situationism and social psychology, social media and internet addiction, Platoâs philosophy, algorithmic thinking, Machiavelli and political realism, the contemporary workforce, and contemporary categorical logic. By engaging Chinese philosophy in dialogue with these contemporary themes, this book illustrates how Chinese philosophy can contribute to the development of world philosophy.Presenting a novel approach to the study of pre-Qin philosophical texts, this book will be a valuable resource to scholars and students of philosophy, particularly those interested in Chinese philosophy.

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Book SynopsisThis book examines how early German Romanticism combined post-Kantian idealism and Platonic-Christian realism to develop a new aesthetics of religion. In explicating the religious vision of Romanticism, it offers a new historical appreciation of the movement, and furthermore demonstrates its importance for our understanding of religion today.Trade Review'Hampton's book is very bold but very needed. It is an attempt at a comprehensive interpretation of early German romanticism, one that strives to recreate its central concerns and ideals and to do justice to them. Hampton's interpretation is a timely attempt to find the via media between the one-sided idealist and realist, transcendent and secular, interpretations of early romanticism. It is one of the strengths of his interpretation that it puts Platonism in the very heart of Early German Romanticism, which is exactly where it belongs. This is a very valuable contribution to the growing literature on the subject, one that avoids and corrects the trendy reductivist interpretations current today.' Frederick Beiser, University of Syracuse'Deftly argued and wide-ranging, Hampton's new book is a breakthrough in our understanding of what may well have been the most exciting fifteen years in German literary and intellectual history. The compelling readings of Herder, Moritz, Jacobi, Fichte, Schiller, Novalis, Schlegel, and Hölderlin, offered here are further enriched by the author's impressive grasp of Romanticism's philosophical and theological backstory. Hampton makes a compelling case for a Romantic dialectic circumscribed less by Spinoza and Fichte than by the participatory ontology of a Christian realism whose deep Platonic roots have long been under-appreciated. In tracing early Romanticism's development of 'a new language of transcendence in an age that had come to think in terms of immanence', Hampton has given us a startlingly original appraisal of a period when questions of transcendence were shaping, perhaps for the last time in European thought, the project of cultural and social self-understanding.' Thomas Pfau, Duke University, North Carolina'In this superb study, Alexander J. B. Hampton develops much further the radically new scholarly understanding of German Romanticism as a critically realist qualification of idealist concerns. He shows that it was nothing less than a novel, aesthetic and anti-totalising recovery of the Platonic Christian tradition. He has hereby transcended both post-Kantian and postmodern readings of this remarkable body of thought, whose relevance for today cannot be exaggerated.' Catherine Pickstock, University of Cambridge'Proceeding from the provocative claim that early German Romanticism was impelled by a 'need to create a new language for religion', Hampton's new study offers an original, erudite, and closely argued alternative to the established (and opposed) accounts of the movement in terms of Fichtean subjectivism or Spinozist monism. In Hampton's interpretation, Romanticism sought neither to secularise religion in an immanent form nor to reassert old theological orthodoxies but rather to reconceive transcendence in the language of aesthetics and with the assistance of concepts from the Christian Platonist tradition. Not the least of the book's virtues is its placement of Jacobi, Herder, and Karl Philipp Moritz - who, like the Romantics Friedrich Schlegel, Hölderlin, and Novalis, resist easy classification as philosophical or literary figures - firmly in the genealogy of early German Romanticism.' Nicholas Halmi, University of Oxford, author of The Genealogy of the Romantic Symbol'This is an impressive achievement, which anchors its claims in a wealth of resources from and about early German Romanticism. Hampton's re-evaluation of the significance of the Romantic movement goes beyond the conflicting ideas of it as either a form of Fichtean idealism or of Spinozist pantheism. Instead, the movement is seen as engaged in a re-articulation of metaphysical and religious concerns through a synthesis of post-Kantian idealism and Platonic realism that gives a decisive role to art. The book offers a persuasively unorthodox presentation of one of the most remarkable moments of modern philosophical history, linking it to new ways of understanding religion in contemporary thought.' Andrew Bowie, Professor Emeritus of Philosophy and German, Royal Holloway, University of London, author of Aesthetics and Subjectivity: From Kant to Nietzsche, Introduction to German Philosophy: From Kant to Habermas'The persisting power and relevance of the Romantic vision in contemporary thought and culture should not be ignored. In this remarkable book, Hampton is able to draw upon some of the lesser known figures of German Romanticism to great effect. Adroit and accomplished, it is a far sighted and discerning work.' Douglas Hedley, University of Cambridge'This splendid book brings together what belongs together. The early Romantic tradition cannot be understood without its Platonic roots. Hampton's study takes up what German-language scholarship on the tradition has tended to neglect. The result is a book that is an eye-opening achievement which will become an essential resource for the study of religion and modernity.' Jörg Lauster, Chair of Dogmatics, Philosophy of Religion, and Ecumenism, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany'The main thesis of Hampton's book is compelling … Hampton does a great service to the history of this period by explaining exactly how disputes over Spinoza and Fichte indelibly shaped a new generation of philosophers, artists, and poets in their mission to rearticulate the terms of a viable modern religiosity.' Evan Kuehn, Reading ReligionTable of ContentsPart I. Romantic Religion: Transcendence for an Age of Immanence: 1. The romantic vocation; 2. Realism, idealism and the transcendentals; 3. Re-contextualising romanticism: the problem of subjectivity; 4. Re-contextualising romanticism: the question of Religion; Part II. Give Me a Place to Stand: The Absolute at the Turn of the Nineteenth Century: 5. The immanent absolute: Spinoza and Fichte; 6. Jacobi and the transcendence of the absolute; 7. Herder and the immanent presence of the transcendent absolute; 8. Moritz and the aesthetics of the absolute; Part III. Romantic Religion: The Transcendent Absolute: 9. Platonism and the transcendent absolute; 10. Schlegel: the poetic search for an unknown God; 11. Holderlin: becoming and dissolution in the absolute; 12. Novalis: the desire to be at home in the world; Part IV. Our Romantic Future.

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Book Synopsis

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Book SynopsisAll disciplines can count on a noble founder, and the representation of this founder as an authority is key in order to construe a discipline's identity. This innovative volume explores how Plato and other authorities were represented in one of the most long-lasting traditions of all time.Trade Review'The volume is a success. It addresses problems about conceptions of authority, a topic that is rightly seeing growing interest by historians of philosophy, in the diverse yet cognate contexts of the Platonic tradition. Its contributions are engaging and provoke thought on a wide range of material.' Peter Osorio, Bryn Mawr Classical Review'The importance of this volume goes far beyond the field of Platonic studies.' Olga Alieva, MéthexisTable of ContentsIntroduction Michael Erler, Jan E. Heßler and Federico M. Petrucci; 1. Xenocrates' invention of Platonism David Sedley; 2. An iconography of Xenocrates' Platonism David Sedley; 3. Arcesilaus' appeal to Heraclitus as a philosophical authority for his sceptical stance Anna Maria Ioppolo; 4. Authority beyond doctrines in the 1st century BC: Antiochus' model for Plato's authority Federico M. Petrucci; 5. Authority and doctrine in the pseudo-pythagorean writings Bruno Centrone; 6. Constructing authority: a re-examination of some controversial issues in the theology of Numenius Alexandra Michalewski; 7. Plutarch's E at Delphi: the hypothesis of platonic authority George Boys-Stones; 8. Aristotle's 'physics' as an authoritative work in early Neoplatonism (Plotinus and Porphyry) Riccardo Chiaradonna; 9. Conflicting authorities? Hermias and Simplicius on the self-moving soul Saskia Aerts; 10. Kathēgemōn the importance of the personal teacher in Proclus and later Neoplatonism Christian Tornau; 11. 'In Plato we can see the bad characters being changed by the good and instructed and purified' attitudes to platonic dialogue in later Neoplatonism Anne Sheppard.

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Book SynopsisTable of ContentsPrefaces to First and Second Edition ix Sources and Acknowledgements xiii Introduction 1 1 Doubt 7 Introduction to the Problem 7 Introduction to Descartes 8Rene Descartes, ‘First Meditation: What Can Be Called into Doubt’ 9 Commentary on Descartes 12 Introduction to Moore 17G. E. Moore, ‘Proof of an External World’ (extracts) 18 Commentary on Moore 21 2 Self 27 Introduction to the Problem 27 Introduction to Descartes 28Rene Descartes, ‘Second Meditation: Of the Nature of the Human Mind…’ (extract) 29 Commentary on Descartes 32 Introduction to Ryle 35Gilbert Ryle, ‘Descartes’ Myth’ 36 Commentary on Ryle 45 3 Tragedy 51 Introduction to the Problem 51 Introduction to Hume 52David Hume, ‘Of Tragedy’ 53 Commentary on Hume 58 Introduction to Feagin 63Susan L. Feagin, ‘The Pleasures of Tragedy’ 64 Commentary on Feagin 72 4 Dilemma 77 Introduction to the Problem 77 Introduction to Lemmon 80E. J. Lemmon, ‘Moral Dilemmas’ (extract) 80 Commentary on Lemmon 85 Introduction to Foot 89Philippa Foot, ‘Moral Dilemmas Revisited’ (extracts) 89 Commentary on Foot 94 Introduction to Nussbaum 100Martha C. Nussbaum, ‘The Costs of Tragedy: Some Moral Limits of Cost‐Benefit Analysis’ (extract) 100 Commentary on Nussbaum 113 5 Friendship 119 Introduction to the Problem 119 Introduction to Aristotle 121Aristotle, Nicomachean Ethics, Book VIII (extracts) 121 Commentary on Aristotle 124 Introduction to Stroud 129Sarah Stroud, ‘Epistemic Partiality in Friendship’ (extracts) 129 Commentary on Stroud 142 6 Equality 149 Introduction to the Problem 149 Introduction to Williams 150Bernard Williams, ‘The Idea of Equality’ (extracts) 150 Commentary on Williams 165 Introduction to Nozick 173Robert Nozick, Anarchy, State and Utopia (extracts) 173 Commentary on Nozick 178 7 Identity 183 Introduction to the Problem 183 Introduction to Locke 186John Locke, An Essay Concerning Human Understanding (extracts) 187 Commentary on Locke 194 Introduction to Williams 199Bernard Williams, ‘The Self and the Future’ 199 Commentary on Williams 213 8 Freedom 219 Introduction to the Problem 219 Introduction to Schopenhauer 220Arthur Schopenhauer, Prize Essay on the Freedom of the Will (extracts) 220 Commentary on Schopenhauer 233 Introduction to Wolf 237Susan Wolf, ‘Asymmetrical Freedom’ (extract) 238 Commentary on Wolf 245 9 Consciousness 253 Introduction to the Problem 253 Introduction to Nagel 254Thomas Nagel, ‘What Is It Like to Be a Bat?’ (extracts) 255 Commentary on Nagel 262 Introduction to Churchland 266Patricia Churchland, ‘The Hornswoggle Problem’ (extracts) 267 Commentary on Churchland 274 10 Causality 279 Introduction to the Problem 279 Introduction to Hume 280David Hume, A Treatise of Human Nature, Book I (extracts from Part III) 282 Commentary on Hume 291 Introduction to Anscombe 300G. E. M. Anscombe, ‘Causality and Determination’ (extract) 300 Commentary on Anscombe 307 11 Qualities 313 Introduction to Some Problems 313 Introduction to Boyle and Locke 315Robert Boyle, The Origin of Forms and Qualities (extracts) 316 Commentary on Boyle 318John Locke, An Essay Concerning Human Understanding (extract from Book II, Chapter VIII) 322 Commentary on Locke 328 Introduction to Berkeley 332George Berkeley, The Principles of Human Knowledge and Three Dialogues between Hylas and Philonous (extracts) 333 Commentary on Berkeley 338 Further Reading and Resources 345 Index 351

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Book SynopsisReligion within the Boundaries of Mere Reason is a key element of the system of philosophy which Kant introduced with his Critique of Pure Reason, and a work of major importance in the history of Western religious thought. It represents a great philosopher''s attempt to spell out the form and content of a type of religion that would be grounded in moral reason and would meet the needs of ethical life. It includes sharply critical and boldly constructive discussions on topics not often treated by philosophers, including such traditional theological concepts as original sin and the salvation or ''justification'' of a sinner, and the idea of the proper role of a church. This new edition includes slightly revised translations, a revised introduction with expanded discussion of certain key themes in the work, and up-to-date guidance on further reading.Table of ContentsIntroduction; Chronology; Further reading; Note on the texts; What does it mean to orient oneself in thinking?; On the miscarriage of all philosophical trials in theodicy; Religion within the Boundaries of Mere Reason; The end of all things; Index.

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Book SynopsisA new translation of Schopenhauer's collection of popular philosophical essays, featuring a substantial introduction explaining the context of the essays, and extensive editorial notes on the different published versions of the work. Essential for those studying Schopenhauer, the history of philosophy, and nineteenth-century German philosophy.Table of ContentsGeneral editor's preface; Editorial notes and references; Introduction; Notes on text and translation; Chronology; Bibliography; Parerga and Paralipomena: Volume 1; Preface; Sketch of a history of the doctrine of the Ideal and the Real; Fragments for the history of philosophy; On university philosophy; Transcendent speculation on the apparent deliberateness in the fate of the individual; Essay on spirit-seeing and related issues; Aphorisms on the wisdom of life; Versions of Schopenhauer's text; Glossary of names.

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Book SynopsisHumankind has a profound and complex relationship with the sea, a relationship that is extensively reflected in biology, psychology, religion, literature and poetry. The sea cradles and soothes us, we visit it often for solace and inspiration, it is familiar, being the place where life ultimately began. Yet the sea is also dark and mysterious and often spells catastrophe and death. The sea is a set of contradictions: kind, cruel, indifferent. She is a blind will that will have her way'. In exploring this most capricious of phenomena, David Farrell Krell engages the work of an array of thinkers and writers including, but not limited to, Homer, Thales, Anaximander, Heraclitus, Plato, Aristotle, Hölderlin, Melville, Woolf, Whitman, Nietzsche, Heidegger, Schelling, Ferenczi, Rank and Freud. The Sea explores the significance in Western civilization of the catastrophic and generative power of the sea and what humankind's complex relationship with it reveals about the human Trade ReviewThis is a magnificent book from one of our best philosophers and writers, now apparently at the top of his form. Ranging from Greek mythology to contemporary thinkers, and across philosophy, literature, and the natural sciences, Krell’s philosophical encounter with the sea, in bays and coves as well as texts, is consistently enthralling. -- Graham Parkes, Professorial Research Fellow, Institute of Philosophy, University of Vienna, AustriaA beautifully conceived, astonishingly erudite engagement with the sea, its enlivening beauty, terrifying force, and symbolic significance in Western civilization. David Farrell Krell brings together philosophical conception, textual exposition, and poetic inspiration in a remarkably dynamic and captivating work. I believe people who fathom this book in its depth will experience the sea differently from the way they previously understood it. -- Charles E. Scott, Distinguished Professor of Philosophy Emeritus, Vanderbilt University and Professor of Philosophy, Penn State University, USAThis is a brilliant book; even more stunning than the photographs is Krell’s profound and poetic philosophical writing. -- Dawne McCance, Distinguished Professor, Department of Religion, University of Manitoba, CanadaDavid Krell sheds deep and sometimes strange light on many ancient and new texts, seeing them cradled by the sea like a coral reef seen through transparent tropical waters. His penetrating thought is warmed by an intense love of the sea and love of all these myths, psychoanalysis, poets, novelists, philosophers. -- Alphonso Lingis, Professor Emeritus of Philosophy, Pennsylvania State University, USAThere is hardly a more seminal topic—for psychology, biology, philosophy, theology, literature, and for life in general—than the sea and David Farrell Krell has captured, with great literary sensitivity and enormous intellectual breadth, the immense power and depth of his subject. This erudite work is a literary and philosophical tour de force but it is also a major contribution to the field of psychology. It is a compelling read from beginning to end. -- Walter Brogan, Professor of Philosophy, Villanova University, USATable of Contentspreface acknowledgements Introduction 1. Let Ourselves Be Cradled 2. Amniotica, a reading of Sándor Ferenczi’s Thalassa 3. Fore and Aft—Catastrophe? 4. Full of Gods 5. The Tears of Kronos 6. These Drowning Men Do Drown 7. Waves and Drops of Time Conclusion

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Book SynopsisSikhism, one of the major spiritual-philosophical traditions of India, is often missing from discussions of cross-cultural philosophy. In this introduction, Arvind-Pal Singh Mandair, an internationally acknowledged expert in Sikh studies, provides the first rigorous engagement in the West with Sikh philosophy. Sensitive both to the historical formation of Sikh thought, and to the decolonial context in which he writes, Mandair examines some of the key concepts of Sikh philosophy and how they inform its vision of life. He asks what Sikh philosophical concepts tell us about the nature of reality, the relationship between mind/self/ego, and whether it is possible to discern broad contours of a Sikh logic, epistemology and ontology. Additionally, the book looks at how these concepts address broader themes such as the body, health and well-being, creation and cosmology, death and rebirth, the nature of action and intention, bioethics and, a theme that undergirds every chaptTrade ReviewSikh Philosophy is an essential text for scholars, students and practitioners interested in the decolonization of thought and practice. This groundbreaking text offers a response to Western dualism and religious exclusivism by reorienting how we think about the self in relation to God, others, and time. Through Sikh concepts, Arvind Mandair invites the reader to joyfully encounter the act of thinking differently. * Nirinjan Kaur Khalsa-Baker, Senior Instructor of Theological Studies, Loyola Marymount University, USA *Professor Mandair has skilfully presented Sikh philosophy in a manner that liberates it from the Christocentric theological template in which it has so often been read. The book provides an accessible, highly creative and engaging exploration of Gurmat and is recommended for all who wish to explore and understand the rich, multi-layered fabric of Sikh thought. * Richard King, Professor Emeritus of Buddhist and Asian Studies, University of Kent, UK *Table of ContentsPreface & Acknowledgements Glossary Introduction 1. Emergence of Sikh Philosophy 2. Experience 3. Epistemology 4. Consciousness 5. Death, Rebirth & Transmigration 6. Self-Realization: Liberation & Health 7. Bioethics Epilogue Index Appendix

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Book SynopsisNishihira Tadashi, one of Japan''s leading philosophers, introduces the deeply experiential philosophy of no-mind (mushin). In everyday Japanese, mushin is when one loses oneself in the reality of the present and becomes one with it, resulting in one's best performance. However, behind this everyday use is a concept that touches the core of Japanese spirituality. This book explores no-mind in its dynamic complexity. It is both the letting go of the calculations of mind and at the same time the arising of a vibrant consciousness in unity with reality. This gives rise to various tensions: Is it about negating or affirming self? Is stillness or activity? How does it relate with social ethics, or religious transcendence? And what is stopping no-mind from descending into mere mindlessness? These tensional facets are explored through philosophy and history of thought in Japan, from pre-Buddhist Japanese thought, to Zen Buddhism in D.T. Suzuki and Toshihiko I

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Book SynopsisThe contemporaries of Friedrich Heinrich Jacobi (1743-1819) openly acknowledged his towering importance. Both Fichte and Hegel praised him in the same breath with Kant as having launched the philosophical revolution they sought to complete. Yet for more than a century, misrepresentations of Jacobi's thought have stood in the way of a proper appreciation of his insights. In her study of this long-neglected German philosopher, internationally-renowned Jacobi expert Birgit Sandkaulen interprets his philosophical writings in their intellectual context. Originally published in German and translated into English for the first time, this is a major contribution to reading the life, work, and legacy of Jacobi. The biographical chapter on Jacobi's life as a public intellectual was written specifically for this English edition. Offering new perspectives on Fichte, Schelling, and Hegel, Sandkaulen focuses on Jacobi's specific conception of practical realism. This conception, the source

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Book SynopsisD.T. Suzuki (1870-1966) reached global fame for his writings on Zen Buddhism. In this introduction to his theories of self, knowledge, and the world, Suzuki is presented as a Buddhist philosopher in his own right.Beginning with a biography of his life providing the historical context to his thought and discussing Suzuki's influences, chapters cover the Zen notion of the non-self and Suzuki''s Zen view of consciousness, language, and religious truths. His ideas about philosophy and radical views on rationality and faith come to life in two new complete translations of The Place of Peace in our Heart (1894) and Religion and Science (1949), which helps us to understand why Suzuki's description of Zen attracted the attention of many leading intellectuals and helped it become a household name in the English-speaking world.Offering the first complete overview of Suzuki's approach, reputation, and legacy as a philosopher, this is for anyone interested in the philosophical relevaTrade ReviewThis refreshing book slices through the stale standoff between uncritical admirers and polemical detractors of this hugely influential international interpreter of Zen, a book that takes D. T. Suzuki seriously as a philosopher—albeit one who was deeply ambivalent about the limits of, and yet need for, philosophy. * Bret W. Davis, Professor & Higgins Chair in Philosophy, Loyola University Maryland, USA *Rossa Ó Muireartaigh provides a thought-provoking account and evaluation of the merits and controversies surrounding the legacy of the crucial modern Zen Buddhist thinker, D. T. Suzuki. This book, which features a couple of new translations of Suzuki's essays, is highly recommended to researchers and students of Japanese religion and society. * Steven Heine, Professor of Religious Studies and History Director of Asian Studies, Florida International University, USA *Table of Contents1. Introduction Biography of Suzuki Historical and intellectual context of Suzuki Scope of book 2. Self Introduction The Problem of one’s self Self in the Philosophy of Buddhism Self in Emptiness 3. Knowledge No-self and Knowledge Zen Wisdom Zen of Experience and Experience of Zen Language and Koans 4. World Zen of Sociology Sociology of Zen Zen and Ideology Zen in History and History in Zen 5. D.T. Suzuki’s Philosophical Legacy Criticism and responses Silent lingering Translations The Place of Peace in Our Heart (1894) Religion and Science (1949) Further Reading and Discussion Questions Bibliography Index

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Book SynopsisHeidegger's Being and Time is one of the most influential and controversial philosophical treatises of the 20th century. But what exactly are the ideas that so profoundly impacted Sartre's existentialism, influenced Gadamer's hermeneutics, and paved the way for the emergence of deconstruction? And what or who is Dasein'? Answering these questions and more, this guide is an essential resource for anyone wanting to get to grips with Heidegger''s magnum opus. Updated with the latest scholarship, the new 2nd edition features: Updated and increased engagement with the secondary literature on the treatise. Expanded coverage to guide readers through both Division I and Division II, elucidating Heidegger's thinking on time, history, and space References throughout to the leading English translations by Macquarrie and Robinson Updated study questions linking complex philosophical concepts to everyday life and an extended glossary of key termsTrade ReviewWhether one is an instructor looking to assign a companion volume to Being and Time on a syllabus, or a student approaching this text for the first time [...] Blattner's introduction will serve you well. * Brett Buchanan, Philosophy in Review (2009) [Review of 1st edition] *A most welcome expansion that now guides readers through the entirety of Being and Time. Students of Heidegger at all levels will profit from Blattner’s expert guidance for making sense of the previously omitted – and notoriously difficult – late chapters on time and temporality. * David R. Cerbone, Professor of Philosophy, West Virginia University, USA *This second edition of Heidegger’s Being and Time retains the features that made the first edition an indispensable resource: astute presentations of the main concepts, lively examples, and telling comparisons with other philosophical approaches. A completely new section on temporality and historicality, with reflections on Heidegger’s controversial relation to National Socialism, make this a perfect first choice for readers who want a clear path through Heidegger’s most important work. * Steven Crowell, Emeritus Professor of Philosophy, Rice University, USA *This second edition improves upon what was already the best compact but thorough introduction to Heidegger’s Being and Time in English. Blattner’s critical interpretation is required reading for anyone who wants to understand what remains one of the most important philosophical works of the twentieth century. * Taylor Carman, Professor of Philosophy, Barnard College, USA *This is the best introductory guide to Being and Time on the market today. Blattner succeeds in setting out Heidegger’s thought with remarkable clarity and precision. Beginning students and scholars alike will find this to be an essential resource for exploring Heidegger’s seminal work. * Mark Wrathall, Professor of Philosophy, University of Oxford, UK *Table of ContentsAcknowledgements 1. Context 2. Overview of Themes 3. Reading Division I 3.1 Ontology 3.2 Phenomenology 3.3 Existence 3.4 Being-in-the-World 3.5 The World 3.6 Significance & Worldhood 3.7 The Self & the Anyone 3.8 Disclosedness & the There 3.9 Disposedness 3.10 Understanding & Interpretation 3.11 Language 3.12 Realism and Idealism in Being and Time 3.13 Truth 4. Reading Division II 4.1 Everyday, Owned, and Disowned Life 4.2 Falling 4.3 Anxiety 4.4 Death, Guilt, & Conscience 4.5 Resoluteness & Self-Ownership 4.6 Existential Temporality 4.7 History 5. Reception and Influence Glossary Index

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Book SynopsisElvis Imafidon is Lecturer in African Philosophy and Director of the Centre for Global and Comparative Philosophies in the School of History Religions and Philosophies at SOAS University, UK.

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Book SynopsisDiscover the 50 key ideas that have defined the course of philosophical inquiry in this thought-provoking and accessible guide. What is truth? How can I lead an ethical life? Do I have free will? Questions such as these have plagued world-famous philosophers since ancient times. Find out how they have sought to answer them and more in this captivating guide to philosophy, unpacking the subject''s most intriguing and profound reflections, including: • Plato''s cave • The Stoic elimination of emotion • Descartes''s Cogito Ergo Sum • Nietzsche''s Superman • Logical Positivism • The world as a computer simulationWritten in plain, jargon-free English with helpful diagrams, this essential guide untangles complicated theories and makes abstract concepts accessible to everyone. Perfect for students or anyone wanting a fresh approach to this incredible subject.ABOUT THE SERIES:

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Book SynopsisIt seems likely that the Tao Te Ching dates from the Warring States period of Chinese history (480-222BC) and that it is a collection of ancient Taoist sayings rather than the work of one man. Originally, this text was known as the Lao Tzu, which means 'Old Man'.Translator John H. Macdonald studied several different versions of the Tao Te Ching in an attempt to find consensus between them and determine the literal meaning of the original.

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Book SynopsisDaniel Whistler argues that Hemsterhuis' philosophy matters and that its exclusion from the canon of modern philosophy has been unjust. This is not just because of its influence on later thinkers, but is primarily because Hemsterhuis' philosophy contains a rich assemblage of ideas and philosophical practices.

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