Peace studies and conflict resolution Books

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Book SynopsisSurvival, the IISSâs bimonthly journal, challenges conventional wisdom and brings fresh, often controversial, perspectives on strategic issues of the moment.In this issue: Steven Simon argues that despite the violent storming of the US Capitol, Republicans are inclined to commit to minority rule In a special forum, IISS researchers and three other experts consider whether NATOâs European members can defend themselves without US support Hanns W. Maull contends that the coronavirus pandemic has revealed deficiencies of global governance, and analyses their implications for the future of international order Christopher W. Hughes, Alessio Patalano and Robert Ward examine Japanâs grand strategy and Abe Shinzoâs legacy And seven more thought-provoking pieces, as well as our regular Book Reviews and Noteworthy column.Editor: Dr Dana AllinManagiTrade Review‘In a world of complex security challenges the need for serious, thoughtful analysis is greater than ever. Survival’s combination of elegant writing and rigorous scholarship from the world’s top experts makes it essential reading for both practitioners and academics.’-- Professor Sir Lawrence Freedman, War Studies King's College LondonTable of ContentsSurvival 63.1 (February–March 2021), pp. 1–232Trump’s Insurrection and America’s Year of Living Dangerously, by Steven SimonForum: Can Europe Defend Itself? Editor’s NoteEurope’s Defence Requires Offence, by Douglas Barrie, Ben Barry, Henry Boyd, Nick Childs and Bastian GiegerichEurope Can Afford the Cost of Autonomy, by François HeisbourgEurope Cannot Defend Itself: The Challenge of Pooling Military Power, by Stephen G. Brooks and Hugo MeijerIn Reply: To Repeat, Europe Can Defend Itself, by Barry R. PosenNoteworthyCommunity and COVID-19: Japan, Sweden and Uruguay, by Amitai EtzioniThe Coronavirus Pandemic and the Future of International Order, by Hanns W. MaullWar and Peace: Reaffirming the Distinction, by Chiara Libiseller and Lukas MilevskiTowards a Quantum Internet: Post-pandemic Cyber Security in a Post-digital World, by David C. Gompert and Martin LibickiJapan’s Grand Strategy: The Abe Era and Its Aftermath, by Christopher W. Hughes, Alessio Patalano and Robert WardDilemmas of Aiding Ukraine, by Henrik LarsenCoffee and Communism, by Russell CrandallBook ReviewsWar, Conflict and the Military, by Rosa BrooksRussia and Eurasia, by Angela StentAsia-Pacific, by Lanxin XiangLetter to the EditorBrexit and the UN Security Council: Much Ado About Not Much?, by David HannayIn Reply, by Norman DombeyIn Paranoid Style: The Last Days of Trump, by Benjamin Rhode Correction

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Book SynopsisSurvival, the IISSâs bimonthly journal, challenges conventional wisdom and brings fresh, often controversial, perspectives on strategic issues of the moment.In this issue: Daniel Deudney and G. John Ikenberry argue that liberal internationalism is more appropriate to contemporary global realities than the Quincy-coalition restraint James Crabtree explains why the Westâs Build Back Better World partnership will be hard-pressed to compete with Chinaâs Belt and Road Initiative Joelien Pretorius and Tom Sauer contend that if states are serious about nuclear disarmament, they should ditch the NPT and join the Ban Treaty instead Sameer Lalwani and Tyler Sagerstrom analyse what the IndiaâRussia defence partnership means for US policy And eight more thought-provoking pieces, as well as our regular Book Reviews and Noteworthy column.Editor: Dr Dana AllinMTrade Review‘In a world of complex security challenges the need for serious, thoughtful analysis is greater than ever. Survival’s combination of elegant writing and rigorous scholarship from the world’s top experts makes it essential reading for both practitioners and academics.’-- Professor Sir Lawrence Freedman, War Studies King's College LondonTable of ContentsSurvival 63.4 (August–September 2021), pp. 1–236Misplaced Restraint: The Quincy Coalition Versus Liberal Internationalism, by Daniel Deudney and G. John IkenberryThe War on Terror Has Not Yet Failed: A Net Assessment After 20 Years, by Hal Brands and Michael O’HanlonTrump’s Russia Legacy and Biden’s Response, by Angela StentCompeting with the BRI: The West’s Uphill Task, by James CrabtreeEnabling US Security Cooperation, by Bilal Y. SaabNoteworthyDitch the NPT, by Joelien Pretorius and Tom SauerResponse: Keep the NPT, by Matthew HarriesManoeuvre Versus Attrition in US Military Operations, by Franz-Stefan GadyWhat the India–Russia Defence Partnership Means for US Policy, by Sameer Lalwani and Tyler SagerstromThe Iran Nuclear Deal and Sanctions Relief: Implications for US Policy, by Esfandyar Batmanghelidj and Mahsa RouhiThe US–Mexico Border: Asylum, Fear and Trump, by Russell CrandallBook ReviewsPolitics and International Relations, by Steven SimonAsia-Pacific, by Lanxin XiangRussia and Eurasia, by Angela StentAustralia’s ‘Drums of War’, by Greg Austin

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Book SynopsisThis book examines how internal and external security are blurring at the EU level, and the implications this has for EU security governance and the EU as a security actor.The EU claims that internal and external security are inseparable' and requires a more integrated approach. This book critically assesses this claim in relation to the threats facing the EU, its responses to them, and the practical and normative implications for EU security governance and actorness. It sets out a novel conceptual framework the EU security continuum - to examine the ways and extent to which internal and external security are blurring along three axes: geographic, bureaucratic, and functional. This is done through an analysis of four key security issues, regional conflict, terrorism, organised crime, and cybersecurity. The book demonstrates that, to varying degrees, these security threats and/or responses do transcend boundaries. However, institutional turf wars and capability silos hamper tTable of ContentsIntroduction 1. Conceptualising EU security: toward a security continuum 2. Framing EU security: the internal-external continuum 3. Conflict and crises: external stability for internal security 4. Terrorism and counterterrorism: from internal to international 5. Tackling organised crime: from Sarajevo to the Sahel 6. Cybersecurity: networks, crime, defence, and diplomacy 7. Governing the security continuum: institutions, accountability, and secrecy 8. The security continuum and the EU as a security actor Conclusion

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Book SynopsisThis book offers a new research agenda for intelligence studies in contemporary times.In contrast to Intelligence Studies (IS), whose aim has largely been to improve the performance of national security services and assist in policy making, this book takes the investigation of the new professionals and everyday practices of intelligence as the immediate point of departure. Starting from the observation that intelligence today is increasingly about counter-terrorism, crime control, surveillance, and other security-related issues, this book adopts a transdisciplinary approach for studying the shifting logics of intelligence, how it has come to involve an expanding number of empirical sites, such as the police, local community, prison and the Internet, as well as a corresponding multiplicity of new actors in these domains. Shifting the focus away from traditional spies and Anglo-American intelligence services, this book addresses the transformations of contemporary intelligence Table of ContentsPART 1: Reconstructing the Object of Intelligence 1. Introduction: What’s the Problem with Intelligence Studies? Outlining a New Research Agenda on Contemporary Intelligence 2. Towards a Reflexive Study of Intelligence Accountability 3. Tracing Pre-Emptive Intelligence-Led Policing (ILP): Immigration, Classification Struggles, and the Expansion of Intelligence Logics in British Policing PART 2: The Practical Transformations of Contemporary Intelligence 4. Citizen-Led Intelligence Gathering under UK’s Prevent Duty 5. Prison Intelligence in France: An Empirical Investigation of the Emergence of Counter-Radicalisation Professionals 6. Manufacturing Intelligence: Police and Intelligence Services in Germany 7. Transversal Practices of Everyday Intelligence Work in New Zealand: Transnationalism, Commercialism, Diplomacy 8. The Techno-Legal Boundaries of Intelligence: NSA and FRA’s Collaborations in Transatlantic Mass Surveillance PART 3: Conceptual Reconsiderations of Intelligence 9. Regulating the Internet in Times of Mass Surveillance: A Universal Global Space with Universal Human Rights? 10. After Cambridge Analytica: Rethinking Surveillance in the Age of (Com)Modification 11. Violence Performed in Secret by State Agents: For an Alternative Problematisation of Intelligence Studies PART 4: Conclusion 12. Conclusion: Towards New Intelligence Studies

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Book SynopsisAn international and interdisciplinary perspective on the adoption and governance of artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning (ML) in defence and military innovation by major and middle powers. Advancements in AI and ML pose pressing questions related to evolving conceptions of military power, compliance with international humanitarian law, peace promotion, strategic stability, arms control, future operational environments, and technology races. To navigate the breadth of this AI and international security agenda, the contributors to this book include experts on AI, technology governance, and defence innovation to assess military AI strategic perspectives from major and middle AI powers alike. These include views of how the United States, China, Japan, South Korea, the European Union, and Russia see AI/ML as a technology with the potential to reshape military affairs and power structures in the broader international system. This diverse set of views aims to help elucTrade Review"This is a must-read volume for anybody interested in understanding both the general implications of AI in the world of defence and more specific issues, including a set of in-depth country-studies illustrating what exactly different countries are doing and trying to achieve."Andrea Gilli, Senior Researcher, NATO Defence College"This book is going to become the most important roadmap on how AI is likely to shape and influence the strategically consequential militaries of the world. No one can predict how AI is going to re-engineer wars and conflicts, but the authors offer a unique peek around the corner. And Raska and Bitzinger as co-editors remain ahead of the curve."Dr. Chung Min Lee, Senior Fellow, Carnegie Endowment for International Peace, University Professor, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), and Chairman of the International Advisory Council, IISS "This book provides important perspectives on different national approaches to the development of artificial intelligence that offer critical insights for current debates on the military and strategic impacts of AI." Elsa Kania, Adjunct Senior Fellow, Technology and National Security Program, Center for a New American SecurityTable of ContentsList of figuresList of tablesList of boxesAcknowledgmentsAcronyms and abbreviationsIntroduction: The AI Wave in Defence InnovationMichael Raska and Richard A. Bitzinger1. Artificial Intelligence in Warfare: Military Uses of AI and Their International Security Implications Jean-Marc Rickli and Federico Mantellassi2. Artificial Intelligence and Technological Governance: Catalysts for Abounding National Security Risks in the Post-COVID-19 World Tate Nurkin3. AI and Governance in Defence Innovation: Implementing an AI Ethics Framework Cansu Canca4. European Military AI: Why Regional Approaches are Lagging BehindSimona R. Soare5. US Governance of Artificial Intelligence for National Security: Competitive Advantage from the Moral High Ground?Zoe Stanley-Lockman6. China’s Evolving AI Development: Emergent Process Transcending Instrumentalism and Morality Qi Haotian7. Assessing Russia’s National Strategy for AI Development Vadim Kozyulin8. Military AI Developments in Russia Samuel Bendett9. Comparing Military AI Strategic Perspectives: Japan and South Korea Ryo Hinata-Yamaguchi10. Australia’s Approach to AI Governance in Military and Defence Kate Devitt and Damian CopelandAbout the ContributorsIndex

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The Routledge Handbook of the Northern Ireland Conflict and Peace is the first multi-authored volume to specifically address the many facets of the 30-year Northern Ireland conflict, colloquially known as the Troubles, and its subsequent peace process. This volume is rooted in opening space to address controversial subjects, answer key questions, and move beyond reductive analysis that reproduces a simplistic two community theses. The temporal span of individual chapters can reach back to the formation of the state of Northern Ireland, with many starting in the late 1960s, to include a range of individuals, collectives, organisations, understandings, and events, at least up to the Good Friday/Belfast Agreement in 1998.This volume has forefronted creative approaches in understanding conflict and allows for analysis and reflection on conflict and peace to continue through to the present day. With an extensive introduction, preface, and 45 individual chapters, this volu

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Book SynopsisPolitical elites in liberal democracies are showing heightened concern about threats to national security from the overseas political activities of the People's Republic of China (PRC) and its supporters. This Whitehall Paper argues that an effective liberal democratic policy response requires careful disaggregation of distinct sets of risks: to national security; civil liberties; and academic freedom. Although widely cited as a model to follow, Australia's response to these issues illustrates how aggregation of these diverse risks into a singular national security threat commonly labelled Chinese influence' can produce alarmist public policy discourse, legislative overreach and mismatched institutional responsibilities. The Paper suggests a set of measures for liberal democracies to manage their engagement with China's powerful and increasingly authoritarian party-state.Table of ContentsIntroduction 1. Conceptual Language: The Problem with 'Chinese Influence' 2. Disaggregating the Risks 3. Risks of Reaction: Australia's Experience with Aggregation 4. Managing the risks Conclusions: Two 'World Outlooks'

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Book SynopsisHealth Security Intelligence introduces readers to the world of health security, to threats like COVID-19, and to the many other incarnations of global health security threats and their implications for intelligence and national security.Disease outbreaks like COVID-19 have not historically been considered a national security matter. While disease outbreaks among troops have always been a concern, it was the potential that arose in the first half of the twentieth century to systematically design biological weapons and to develop these at an industrial scale, that initially drew the attention of security, defence and intelligence communities to biology and medical science. This book charts the evolution of public health and biosecurity threats from those early days, tracing how perceptions of these threats have expanded from deliberately introduced disease outbreaks to also incorporate natural disease outbreaks, the unintended consequences of research, laboratoTable of ContentsIntroduction: Health Security Intelligence: engaging across disciplines and sectors 1. The West Africa Ebola outbreak (2014– 2016): a Health Intelligence failure? 2. The use of HUMINT in epidemics: a practical assessment 3. Influenza pandemic warning signals: Philadelphia in 1918 and 1977– 1978 4. The 1999 West Nile virus warning signal revisited 5. Rapid validation of disease outbreak intelligence by small independent verification teams 6. Threat potential of pharmaceutical based agents 7. Towards understanding cybersecurity capability in Australian healthcare organisations: a systematic review of recent trends, threats and mitigation 8. Improving ‘Five Eyes’ Health Security Intelligence capabilities: leadership and governance challenges

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Book SynopsisThis textbook offers an accessible introduction to the topic of cybersecurity ethics. The second edition has been revised and updated, and contains new chapters on social justice, AI, and Big Data. The book is split into three parts. Part I provides an introduction to the field of ethics, philosophy, and philosophy of science, three ethical frameworks virtue ethics, utilitarian ethics, and communitarian ethics and the notion of ethical hacking. Part II applies these frameworks to particular issues within the field of cybersecurity, including privacy rights, surveillance, and intellectual property. The third part concludes by exploring current codes of ethics used in cybersecurity, with chapters on artificial intelligence, social diversity, Big Data, and cyberwarfare. The overall aims of the book are to: Provide ethical frameworks to aid decision-making Present the key ethical issues in relation to computer security Highlight the connection betweeTrade Review‘This book is a rich and valuable resource for students to learn more about non-technical aspects of cybersecurity.’ Markus Christen, Managing Director, Digital Society Initiative, University of Zurich, Switzerland ‘The authoritative text on cybersecurity ethics, covering a wide selection of topics including privacy, intellectual property theft, artificial intelligence and big data. This is a terrific resource for students in Europe and beyond.’ Max Smeets , ETH Zurich, Center for Security Studies (CSS) and Director of European Cyber Conflict Research Initiative 'A comprehensive tour de force in cybersecurity ethics. This illuminating book weaves together ethical frameworks that address the evolving nature of some of the most complicated cyber issues in the 21st century. Are we prepared to understand and respond to the ethical challenges that continue to emerge across cyber domains and technological advances? The author addresses these challenges head on and this book will prove to be an excellent resource to those who wish to advance their understanding of cybersecurity ethics.' William Travis Morris, Director, Norwich University Peace and War Center, USA 'This book is relevant and accessible, providing clear definitions and real-world examples connecting theory and practice. Computational and communications technologies continue to evolve and transform daily life and military operations, and also conceptions of peace and war, identity, and agency. Dr. Manjikian’s text proceeds from a premise that is now widely recognized: the design and use of cyber-related technologies are value-laden activities. This book promotes the kind of critical thinking and discussion about cyber and information warfare that we need in military and civilian classrooms today.' Karen Guttieri, Army Cyber Institute at West Point, USA Praise for the 1st edition: 'This book is a bold and innovative synthesis of thinking from diverse yet interlinked disciplines. It is vital reading for scholars, policymakers, security professionals and organizational leaders. Manjikian's explication of the ACM Code of Ethics shows why it is a foundational concept for cybersecurity.' Steven Metz, U.S. Army War College, USA ‘As cyber conflict, espionage and crime increasingly challenge nations and their citizens, Manjikian's Cybersecurity Ethics provides a comprehensive and needed addition to the cyber literature cannon. This work constitutes a robust framework for decisions and actions in cyberspace and is essential reading for policymakers, practitioners, and students engaging the field of cybersecurity.’ Aaron F. Brantly, Army Cyber Institute, United States Military Academy, West Point 'Mary Manjikian’s introduction to cybersecurity ethics nicely links philosophy to practical cyber concerns of students, corporate and government information managers, and even cyber warriors. Complicated concepts are easy to understand and relevant to personal decision-making.' J John A. Gentry, Georgetown University, USA 'Dr Manjikian has done a masterful job of outlining ethical standards to the constantly evolving cybersecurity domain. This book is a vital reference for those who are concerned with ethics related to hacking, privacy, surveillance, and cyberwarfare in an ever changing virtual environment that transcends boundaries and cultures and challenges the traditional ways that humans have dealt with each other. Ground-breaking and should be required reading for any serious cybersecurity professional.' Keith Dayton, George C. Marshall European Center for Security Studies, Germany 'A great introductory text to complex conceptual and practical issues in cybersecurity.' Heather Roff, Arizona State University, USA 'Mary Manjikian's excellent textbook, Cybersecurity Ethics, delivers an eminently readable perspective for the experienced professional as well as a casual cyberspace consumer. ...Overall, Cybersecurity Ethics excellently fulfills the stated goal to provide an ethical framework and illustrate several current issues regarding cybersecurity through a new textbook. The construction was splendid, material assembled coherently, and sources presented thoroughly and accurately. This book is an excellent introduction to ethical processes associated with cyberspace.' Mark Peters, Strategic Studies Quarterly 'Cybersecurity Ethics is a comprehensive and timely textbook that offers to help educate members to understand the ethics of current and imagined future technologies and their applications.' Darren Cronshaw, The Cove, USA Table of ContentsPart I 1. What is Ethics? 2. Three Ethical Frameworks 3. The Ethical Hacker Part II 4. The Problem of Privacy 5. The Problem of Surveillance 6. The Problems of Intellectual Property Part III 7. Ethics of Artificial Intelligence 8. Cybersecurity, Diversity, Equity, and Inclusion 9. Big Data and the Ethics of Cybersecurity 10. Military Aspects of Cybersecurity Ethics

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Applied Crowd Science outlines the theory and applications of the crowd safety course that Keith Still has developed and taught worldwide for over thirty years. It includes the background and applications of the crowd risk assessment tools, as well as essays and case studies from international users (UK, Ireland, Canada, Australia, Holland, Belgium and Japan) -- see Support Material on www.routledge.com/9781138626560. Keith's courses are mandatory training for all UK Police Public Event Commanders.The text covers legislation and guidance for crowd safety in places of public assembly, and outlines the requirements of a crowd risk assessment for mass gatherings. It draws on Prof. Still's expert witness experience, highlighting both the problems you need to understand for your event planning.

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Book SynopsisThis book presents an analytical framework which assesses how ''land-for-peace'' agreements can be achieved in the context of territorial conflicts between de facto states and their respective parent states.The volume examines geographic solutions to resolving ongoing conflicts that stand between the principle of self-determination (prompted by de facto states) and the principle of territorial integrity (prompted by parent states). The authors investigate the conditions under which territorial adjustments can bring about a possibility for peace between de facto states and their parent states. It does so by interrogating the possibility of land-for-peace agreements in four de facto stateparent state pairs, namely KosovoSerbia, NagornoKarabakhAzerbaijan, Northern CyprusRepublic of Cyprus, and AbkhaziaGeorgia. The book suggests that the value that parties put on land to be exchanged and peace to be achieved stand at odds for land-for-peace agrTrade Review'Are there geographic solutions to peacefully resolving ongoing conflicts between the principles of self-determination and territorial integrity? Given repeated failures to implement power-sharing agreements, Berg and Kursani’s pioneering work directs our attention to the problems and prospects for land for peace agreements.'--Scott Pegg, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis (IUPUI), USA'This is an extraordinarily timely book about secessionist conflicts, and the creation and persistence of quasi-independent states within the territories of recognised nation-states. Territorial revanchism, irredentism, and secessionism illuminate their well-chosen case studies. The territorial rules of the game are changing and they explain how, where and why.'--Klaus Dodds, Royal Holloway University of London, UK'Land for peace agreements have fallen out of favour in modern international relations. The idea of trading territory to resolve longstanding disputes is seen as passé at best, if not an affront to norms of contemporary peace-making. But is this preventing the settlements of many conflicts? Using real case studies, this ground-breaking work opens up a much needed conceptual and practical debate about the role of land for agreements in contemporary conflict resolution practices.'--James Ker-Lindsay, London School Economics and Political Science, UKTable of ContentsIntroduction 1. Sovereignty contestations and emergence of de facto states 2. Territorial aspects of conflict settlements and the recognition conundrum 3. Bringing land-for-peace in the study of de facto states: An analytical framework 4. Lessons from the past: Land-for-peace in the Arab–Israeli conflict 5. Kosovo–Serbia land swap under mutual recognition 6. Exchanging occupied territories for a mutually recognised status of Nagorno-Karabakh 7. Territorial adjustments in Northern Cyprus: An accepted slice of an unaccepted chunk 8. The status of the Gali region in Abkhazia: A non-starter for negotiations Conclusion

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Book SynopsisThis edited volume offers an in-depth study of heritage and warfare from the perspective of defence studies.The book focuses on how, in different contexts, heritage can be a catalyst and target of conflict, an obstacle to stabilisation, and a driver of peace-building. It documents the changing role of heritage â in terms of both exploitation and protection â in various military capabilities, theatres, and operations. With particular concern for the areas of subthreshold and hybrid warfare, stabilisation, cultural relationships, human security, and disaster response, the volume reviews the historical relationship between heritage and armed conflict, including the roles of embedded archaeologists, safeguarding of ethics, and dislodgement and destruction of material culture. Various chapters in the book also demonstrate the value of understanding how state and non-state actors exploit cultural heritage across different defence postures and within both subthreshold and proxy warfTable of ContentsForeword Preface Introduction: Culture, Heritage, Conflict Part I: The Past on Parade 1.Heritage and the (Re)shaping of Social Identities in Conflict Cycles: Anchor or Quicksand? 2. Napoleon, Savants, and the Description de l’Égypte: Capturing History 3. Military Cultural Property Protection from Hague 1907 to Hague 1954 4. Cultural Property Protection in the 21st Century: The Privilege of Working with the Most Deployed Division Part II: The Past as Propaganda 5. Islamic Terrorist Targeting of Contemporary Western Culture: ‘Deviant Chaos’ 6. The Russian Weaponization of Cultural Heritage 7. Heritage as Focus in US-Iran tensions: Implications for Aspects of Culture and Power in Modern Warfare Part III: The Past as Peacekeeper 8. Museums and the Restitution of ‘Spoils of War’ 9. Cultural Property Protection: The Work of the Blue Shield 10. Cultural Heritage and Peacebuilding in Rakhine State, Myanmar 11. An Excavation of the Bullecourt Battlefield: From Mud Through Blood to the Green Fields Beyond? Part IV: The Practice of Protection 12. Integrating Cultural Heritage into Civil Affairs Operations: Reinventing the Monuments Men and Women for the 21st Century Force 13. Rescuing Heritage in ‘Natural’ Disasters 14. Culture, heritage, security: an interview with Colonel Rosie Stone, Captain Mark Waring, Major Anne Seton-Sykes, and Major Luke Wattam

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Book SynopsisThis book analyzes the civil war in Yemen and how intervening external actors have shaped the trajectory of the conflict.The work examines the conflict in Yemen as a testing ground for expectations about the autonomy and control of proxies by external patrons and the direct consequences for civilian victimization and duration of war. Like other proxy wars, the international dimensions of the war made the conflict in Yemen subject to the geopolitical interests of intervening powers. The longstanding power rivalry between Saudi Arabia and Iran over Middle East supremacy resulted in a competitive intervention in Yemen, where the initial belligerents of the civil warâthe Houthi and the Hadi regimeâwere used as proxies by Tehran and the Gulf coalition led by Riyadh, respectively. Their intervention ultimately translated into a prolonged and destructive conflict. The often contradictory and self-interested patronage strategies by the coalitionâs two central patrons, Saudi Arabia an

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Book SynopsisAt a time of great global uncertainty and instability, communities face fracturing from the increasing influence of extremist movements hostile to democratic and multicultural norms. Europe and the West have grown increasingly polarised in recent years, beset with financial crises, political instability, the rise of malicious actors and irregular violence, and new forms of media and social media. These factors have enabled the spread of new forms of extremism and suggest a growing need for a response sensitive to inequalities and divisions in wider society a task made even more urgent by the COVID- 19 pandemic.The Routledge Handbook of Violent Extremism and Resilience brings together research conducted throughout Europe and the world, to analyse various articulations of violent extremism and consider the impact that such groups and networks have had on the wellbeing of communities and societies. It examines different theories, factors, and national case studies of extTable of ContentsPart I: Core Issues on Violent Extremism and Resilience 1. Violent Extremism and Resilience in the 21st Century 2. Assessing our Understanding of (Violent) Extremism 3. Resilience to Violent Extremism at the Crossroads 4. European Trends in Polarisation and Resilience 5. Young People, Radicalisation, and Resilience 6. Online Extremism and Resilience Part II: Country Cases Western Europe 7. France 8. United Kingdom Northern Europe 9. The Netherlands 10. Norway Central and Eastern Europe 11. Germany 12. Hungary 13. Poland Southern Europe 14. Italy 15. Greece Australasia and North America 16. Australia 17. New Zealand 18. Canada 19. United States of America

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Book SynopsisHumanitarians operate on the frontlines of today's armed conflicts, where they regularly negotiate to provide assistance and to protect vulnerable civilians. This book explores this unique and under-researched field of humanitarian negotiation. It details the challenges faced by humanitarians negotiating with armed groups in Yemen, Myanmar, and elsewhere, arguing that humanitarians typically negotiate from a position of weakness. It also explores some of the tactics and strategies they use to overcome this power asymmetry to reach more favorable agreements.The author applies these findings to broader negotiation scholarship and investigates the implications of this research for the field and practice of humanitarianism. This book also demonstrates how non-state actors both humanitarians and armed groups have become increasingly potent diplomatic actors. It challenges traditional state-centric approaches to diplomacy and argues that non-state actors constitute an increasinglTable of ContentsIntroduction: Negotiating on the Frontlines 1. The Negotiator’s Weak Hand 2. Yemen: The Houti Ascendance3. Myanmar: A Return to Arms in Kachinland 4. Overcoming Power Asymmetry 5. Advancing the Frontlines of Humanitarian Negotiation 6. Conclusion

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This textbook introduces the reader to the field of military sociology through narrative reviews of selected key studies in the discipline.The book provides a guided introduction. In each chapter, the authors set the stage and then immerse the reader in Spotlights that is, descriptions of essential studies that inform the discipline of military sociology. The goal is to afford readers a ready pathway into how sociologists and social scientists have thought about topics in the study of the military and war.Topics covered in the book include: What is military sociology? What does it have to offer in understanding armed forces, wars, and societies? What basic tools are needed to ply sociological, or more broadly, social science perspectives for studying war and the military? What are the bio-social bases of war? What does the spectrum of such societally organized violence look like? How do societie

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Book SynopsisThis edited volume explores how artificial intelligence (AI) is transforming international conflict in cyberspace.Over the past three decades, cyberspace developed into a crucial frontier and issue of international conflict. However, scholarly work on the relationship between AI and conflict in cyberspace has been produced along somewhat rigid disciplinary boundaries and an even more rigid sociotechnical divide wherein technical and social scholarship are seldomly brought into a conversation. This is the first volume to address these themes through a comprehensive and cross-disciplinary approach. With the intent of exploring the question what is at stake with the use of automation in international conflict in cyberspace through AI?', the chapters in the volume focus on three broad themes, namely: (1) technical and operational, (2) strategic and geopolitical and (3) normative and legal. These also constitute the three parts in which the chapters of this volume are organised, Trade Review"An impressive and much-needed cross-disciplinary assessment of the adoption of AI-enabled cyber capabilities, Artificial Intelligence and International Conflict in Cyberspace offers an expertly edited, nuanced, and ultimately cautionary view on the rising intersections of AI and cyberspace. The volume brings technical and social science scholarship together into conversations over the potential and perils of AI as an object and subject for cyber threats, as a strategic asset to be acquired (and threatened) by great and middling powers alike, and as a technology whose development demands ethical and legal boundaries even as those boundaries may shift via iterations in AI’s deployment by states and other stakeholders. Simply put, this book is essential reading for all those interested in the securitization of information technologies in the digital age" Duncan B. Hollis, Laura H. Carnell Professor of Law, Temple University Law School, United States"AI is set to become a constitutional component of economic, political, and military power. But in what ways? This timely book provides us with the necessary cross-disciplinary expertise to understand what is at stake when AI mingles with cyber conflict and how the international community should react to reduce the risks of the AI transformation."Myriam Dunn Cavelty, Deputy for Research and Teaching at the Center for Security Studies (CSS) and Senior Lecturer for Security Politics at ETH Zurich, SwitzerlandTable of Contents1. Artificial Intelligence and International Conflict in Cyberspace: Exploring Three Sets of Issues Part I: Technical and Operational Challenges 2. The Unknowable Conflict: Tracing AI, Recognition, and the Death of the (Human) Loop 3. Artificial Intelligence in Hybrid and Information Warfare: A Double-Edged Sword Part II: Strategic and Geopolitical Challenges 4. Algorithmic Power? The Role of Artificial Intelligence in European Strategic Autonomy 5. The Middleware Dilemma of Middle Powers: AI-Enabled Services as Sites of Cyber Conflict In Brazil, India, and Singapore 6. Artificial Intelligence and Military Superiority: How the ‘Cyber-AI Offensive-Defensive Arms Race’ Affects the US Vision of the Fully Integrated Battlefield Part III: Normative and Legal Challenges 7. Ethical Principles for Artificial Intelligence in the Defence Domain 8. Is Stuxnet the Next Skynet? Autonomous Cyber Capabilities as Lethal Autonomous Weapons Systems 9. Advanced Artificial Intelligence Techniques and the Principle of Non-Intervention in the Context of Electoral Interference: A Challenge to the "Demanding" Element of Coercion?

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Book SynopsisThis book presents a history of radioecology, from World War II through to the critical years of the Cold War, finishing with a discussion of recent developments and future implications for the field. Drawing on a vast array of primary sources, the book reviews, synthesizes and discusses the implications of the ecological research supported by the Atomic Energy Commission (AEC) of the United States government, from World War II to the early 1970s. This was a critical period in the history of ecology, characterized by a transition from the older, largely descriptive studies of communities of plants and animals to the modern form of the science involving functional studies of energy flow and mineral cycling in ecosystems. This transition was in large part due to the development of radioecology, which was a by-product of the Cold War and the need to understand and predict the consequences of a nuclear war that was planned but has never occurred. The book draws on important case Table of ContentsPART 1 1. Introduction 2. Early Studies in Radioecology PART 2 3. The Pacific Proving Grounds 4. The Nevada Test Site 5. Alaska Coast 6. The Oak Ridge National Laboratory 7. El Verde, Puerto Rico 8. The Brookhaven National Laboratory 9. The Savannah River Ecology Laboratory PART 3 10. Radioecology Since the Cold War 11. Summary and Conclusions

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Book SynopsisThis book introduces a comprehensive and integrative collection of psychological intergroup interventions. These evidence-based interventions are scientifically established and tested in several real-world contexts of intergroup animosities and tensions, from prejudice and inequality reduction to peace promotion. Intergroup hostility, violence, and discrimination have become more and more prevalent in recent decades. To address this challenge, recently, social scientists have shown an increasing shift from a descriptive to a more interventionist science, developing evidence-based interventions to improve intergroup relations. For the first time, this book includes research on intergroup interventions and their applications to the field, from a global collection of leading voices in the discipline. It also includes a conceptualization of intergroup interventions, a typology of different types of interventions, as well as a guideline for effective development of intergroTable of ContentsList of ContributorsPrefacePart 1: Psychological Intergroup InterventionsChapter 1: Reducing Prejudice through Intergroup Contact InterventionsRebecca Littman, Alexandra Scacco, and Chagai WeissChapter 2: Redrawing the boundaries: Creating positive intergroup relations interventions through shared values, memberships, and identitiesDanielle Blaylock, Rhiannon N. Turner, and Richard J. CrispChapter 3: Empathy and Perspective-Taking Interventions in Intergroup Contexts: Catalysts, Caveats, and ContraindicationsJacquie D. Vorauer and Corey PetsnikChapter 4: Using Social Norms to Promote Positive Relations Between Social GroupsSohad Murrar and Markus BrauerChapter 5: Diversity Training is Just TeachingCalvin K. Lai, R. Grace Drake, and Jennifer F. BeattyChapter 6: Self-Affirmation and Intergroup Biases: Changing the Narrative and the Potential for Conflict ReductionDavid K. Sherman, W. Connor Gibbs, and Kevin R. BinningChapter 7: Malleability Interventions in Intergroup RelationsSmadar Cohen-Chen, Amit Goldenberg, James J. Gross, and Eran HalperinChapter 8: Using Intergroup Emotion Regulation Interventions to Reduce Intergroup ConflictTamar Avichail, Maya Tamir, James Gross, and Eran HalperinChapter 9: Paradoxical Thinking Interventions in Intergroup Conflicts: A Promising Method to Affect Cognitions and Behavior Among People with Strongly Held AttitudesShira Hebel-Sela, Nadine Knab, and Boaz HameiriChapter 10: Interventions Based on Moral ExemplarsMarta Witkowska, Michal Bilewicz, and Sabina Čehajić-ClancyChapter 11: The power of correcting meta-perceptions for improving intergroup relationshipsSamantha L. Moore-BergPart 2: Platforms for Delivering Psychological Intergroup InterventionsChapter 12: School-based Interventions to Improve Intergroup Relations from Early Childhood to AdolescenceDearbháile Counihan and Laura K. TaylorChapter 13: Promoting Peace through Mass Media InterventionsRebecca Littman, Rezarta Bilali, and Boaz HameiriChapter 14: Improving Intergroup Relations through Interactive MediaBéatrice S. Hasler, Yiftach Ron, and Patrice L. (Tamar) Weiss

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Book SynopsisThis handbook offers a critical and substantial analysis of maritime security and documents the most pressing strategic, economic, socio-cultural and legal questions surrounding it.Written by leading international experts, this comprehensive volume presents a wide variety of theoretical positions on maritime security, detailing its achievements and outlining outstanding issues faced by those in the field. The book includes studies which cover the entire spectrum of activity along which maritime security is developing, including, piracy, cyber security, energy security, terrorism, narco-subs and illegal fishing. Demonstrating the transformative character and potential of the topic, the book is divided into two parts. The first part exhibits a range of perspectives and new approaches to maritime security, and the second explores emerging developments in the practice of security at sea, as well as regional studies written by local maritime security experts. Taken together, these

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Book SynopsisThis handbook provides a comprehensive, problem-driven and dynamic overview of the future of warfare. The volatilities and uncertainties of the global security environment raise timely and important questions about the future of humanity's oldest occupation: war. This volume addresses these questions through a collection of cutting-edge contributions by leading scholars in the field. Its overall focus is prognostic rather than futuristic, highlighting discernible trends, key developments and themes without downplaying the lessons from the past. By making the past meet the present in order to envision the future, the handbook offers a diversified outlook on the future of warfare, which will be indispensable for researchers, students and military practitioners alike. The volume is divided into six thematic sections. Section I draws out general trends in the phenomenon of war and sketches the most significant developments, from the past to the present and into the future. SectioTrade Review'The editors have assembled an impressive and diverse collection of experts to describe and analyze how state and non-state actors will likely wield violence in the future. Taking a comprehensive and cutting-edge perspective, the volume covers a broad range of topics from new concepts of warfare to novel technologies of coercion and violence. This important volume will become a must-read for those seeking to understand how technology and trends will shape future warfare.'Nina Tannewald, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island, USA'Any book that seeks to comprehensively survey not only the current landscape of military and security studies but also its volatile future sets for itself a daunting task, but this extraordinarily wide-ranging volume delivers the goods. Assembling an array of accomplished authors from a refreshingly broad range of national, geopolitical, and epistemological perspectives, The Routledge Handbook of the Future of Warfare is in equal parts informative and thought-provoking, offering a combination of sophisticated theory and insightful analysis of recent and contemporary events "on the ground." This book will be an indispensable resource for anyone looking to understand twenty-first century warfare in all its complexity, with particular appreciation of the paradoxical interplay between cutting-edge technology and elemental patterns of human conflict.'Ward Thomas, College of the Holy Cross, Worcester, Massachusetts, USA'Thinking about the future of war is by definition a difficult task. The speed, the secrecy, the intangible nature of strategy and culture make it perhaps the most difficult intellectual challenge to encounter. This book meets this challenge brilliantly. It invites reflection, change of perception, innovative thinking, addresses old and new questions we have about what is to come when it comes to war. It brings together the greatest minds of our times, and fills an important gap in the landscape on all things future.'Florence Gaub, Research Director, NATO Defence College in RomeTable of ContentsIntroduction: Gazing into the Future Of Warfare Part I: Approaching Future Wars 1. Strategic Foresight and Future War: A Discussion of Methodologies 2. Predicting the Future of War in the 21st Century: A Future War Studies? 3. Thinking About the Future of War 4. Human Security in Future Military Operations 5. Great Powers and War in the Twenty-First Century: Blast from the Past 6. The Ecology of Violence 7. Militainment for Future Warfare Part II: The Systemic Variables of the Future of Warfare 8. How our Accelerating Interactions in Cyberspace Have Shifted Global Power and Made a Kinetic World War More Likely: The Riddle of Steel 9. State Fragility as a Major Challenge to the Existing World Order: "Too Fragile to Hold the World" 10. Lawfare in the 21st Century 11. Privatization of Warfare 12. Terrorism: The Never-Changing Chameleon 13. Deterritorialization and Violent Networks Part III: Concepts and Theories of Future Warfare 14. Understanding Western Perceptions of War and Insecurity: Unravelling Hybridity 15. Irregular and Unconventional Warfare 16. The Future of Proxy Wars 17. Remote Warfare: Drivers, Limits, Challenges 18. Vicarious War and the United States: Imperial Antecedents and Anticipations 19. Post-Modern Warfare Part IV: Structural Complexity 20. The Persistent Appeal of Chaoplexic Warfare: Towards an Autonomous S(War)M Machine? 21. Ethnic Conflict and Modern Warfare 22. Just War Thinking and Wars of Information: War, Not-War, and the Places Between 23. Gender in Future Warfare 24. Intelligence and Awareness 25. Criminality and Delinquency: The Impact on Regional and Global Security Part V: Technoscience 26. Cybernetics at War: Military Artificial Intelligence, Weapon Systems and the De-Skilled Moral Agent 27. Digitizing the Battlefield: Augmented and Virtual Reality Applications in Warfare 28. Quantum Warfare 29. Lethal Autonomous Weapon Systems and their Potential Impact on the Future of Warfare 30. Military Neuroenhancement 31. High-Energy Laser-Directed Energy Weapons: Military Doctrine and Implications for Warfare 32. Space-Based Systems and Counterspace Warfare Part VI: Harbingers of Future Warfare 33. Prospects of Great Power Rivalry: Escaping the Tragedy? 34. Internationalized Civil War 35. Challenges to the Nuclear Order: Between Resilience and Contestation 36. Conflict in Cyberspace 37. Large-Scale Criminal Violence in the 21st Century 38. Staging the Conflicts to Come: Visions of the Future-Tracing Security Practices 39. Savage Wars and Conflict Dehumanization

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Book SynopsisPeace through Tourism considers the possibilities for tourism to contribute to efforts to unmask conflict and promote peace. This edited volume considers the intersections between tourism, peace, justice and sustainability through conceptual and empirical works surveying practices, problems and challenges all around the globe. It presents a complex and critical approach, arguing that peace through tourism is dialogic and not as simple as describing a few good niche segments of tourism.The pedagogies of peace represented here work to analyse structural violence associated with tourismsuch as in the dominance of neoliberal market imperatives over local or social economies; colonising, patriarchal and anthropocentric practices in tourism; and tourism's complex role in post-conflict settings. Analyses found here place scholars, industry and communities in conversation about building shared tourism futures where peace is understood as peace with justice and differencesTable of ContentsIntroduction Peace through tourism: Critical reflections on the intersections between peace, justice, sustainable development and tourism Part 1: Addressing structural violence 1. Fortress tourism: exploring dynamics of tourism, security and peace around the Virunga transboundary conservation area 2. Tourism, peace and sustainability in sanctions-ridden destinations 3. Insurgent citizens: mobility (in)justice and international travel 4. The role of dark commemorative and sport events in peaceful coexistence in the Western Balkans 5. Peacebuilding and post-conflict tourism: addressing structural violence in Colombia 6. Disrupting structural violence in South Africa through township tourism Part 2: Peace Tourism Pedagogies 7. “We are reconciliators”: when Indigenous tourism begins with agency 8. Exploring a unifying approach to peacebuilding through tourism: Abraham and Israel/Palestine 9. Promoting sustainable tourism futures in Timor-Leste by creating synergies between food, place and people 10. Living in the Wake of Rural Irish Troubles: building an institution for sustainable peace through emotive out-of-place tourism 11. Beyond multicultural ‘tolerance’: guided tours and guidebooks as transformative tools for civic learning 12. One stone, two birds: harnessing interfaith tourism for peacebuilding and socio-economic development 13. “Don’t look back in anger”. War museums’ role in the post conflict tourism-peace nexus 14. Dances with despots: tourists and the afterlife of statues Part 3: Radical Peace Tourism in Practice 15. Making waves: Peace Boat Japan as a model of sustainable peace through tourism 16. A diverse economies approach for promoting peace and justice in volunteer tourism 17. Te Awa Tupua: peace, justice and sustainability through Indigenous tourism Part 4: Postscript 18. WWOOFing in Australia: ideas and lessons for a de-commodified sustainability tourism 19. Gender and sustainability – exploring ways of knowing – an ecohumanities perspective 20. “This is a holy place of Ama Jomo”: buen vivir, indigenous voices and ecotourism development in a protected area of Bhutan 21. The land has voice: understanding the land tenure –sustainable tourism development nexus in Micronesia 22. Colonizing space and commodifying place: tourism’s violent geographies

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Book SynopsisWhat kind of state emerges from the pandemic? The pandemic caused two crises, in biosecurity and in the economy. The state was forced to tackle both; but subduing one inevitably exacerbated the other. Emerging from the impossible task of handling two conflicting crises is a new form of state, the state to come.To outline the emerging state, this book offers an in-depth critical account of the state''s responses to the biosecurity and the economic crises. It is thus the first study to address both crises ensuing from the pandemic, and to synthesise the responses to them in a comprehensive account of political power. Addressing biosecurity, the book deciphers its key modalities, epistemic premises, its law, the threat it aims to oppose and the ways in which it relates to public health and society especially its extraordinary power to suspend society. Addressing the economic crisis, the book deciphers the actuality and prospects of both the economy and the

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Book SynopsisThe Police Manager provides a roadmap for the challenges that police administrators face in their day-to-day duties, including considerations for dealing with subordinate officers and for interacting with the public. Covering a wide range of topics, from fiscal management to use-of-force policies, this text prepares readers for the tasks that police managers are confronted with. Readers benefit by gaining a thorough understanding of the complexities involved in an occupation that creates demands from the public, from public officials, and from other police officers. The book delivers information on these issues, with chapters dedicated to leadership styles and planning for leadership loss, as well civil liability considerations. New material in this edition covers specific challenges for small and underexamined police agencies such as university police departments. The Police Manager is an ideal textbook for college students hoping to work in police administration in the fuTable of ContentsPART I Introductory Concepts of Police Management 1. A History and Philosophy of Police Management 2. From Philosophy to Outcomes 3. Organizational Culture PART II Behavioral Aspects of Police Management 4. Leadership Behavior Styles 5. Creating a Breed of Super-Sergeants 6. Succession Planning 7. Organizational Environment 8. Transactional Analysis 9. Understanding Personnel Through Personality Inventories PART III Functional Aspects of Police Management 10. Management Planning 11. Problem Identification and Decision-Making 12. Management by Objectives 13. Fiscal Management PART IIII Modern Police Management: Major Issues 14. Use of Power 15. Use of Force 16. Communication During High Profile Crises 17. Civil Liability and Accreditation 18. Ethics for the 21st Century 19. The School Resource Officer Program: Establishing a Police Presence in Schools 20. Assessment Center Process 21. Managing Small Agencies and Agencies with Unique Jurisdictions

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Book SynopsisSurvival, the IISSâs bimonthly journal, challenges conventional wisdom and brings fresh, often controversial, perspectives on strategic issues of the moment.In this issue: Robert DalsjÃ, Michael Jonsson and Johan Norberg reconsider Russiaâs military capability given its recent battlefield performance in Ukraine William Alberque and Benjamin Schreer argue that Finland and Swedenâs NATO membership would, if managed judiciously, bolster deterrence and European security Chuck Freilich contends that encouraging diplomacy is the best of Israelâs limited options for postponing Iranâs nuclear-weapons programme Nicolas Lippolis and Harry Verhoeven assess that if a wave of African defaults materialises in the near future, it will be catalysed more by private-sector manoeuvring and intransigence than by Chinese scheming Dana H. Allin and Erik Jones argue tTrade Review‘In a world of complex security challenges the need for serious, thoughtful analysis is greater than ever. Survival’s combination of elegant writing and rigorous scholarship from the world’s top experts makes it essential reading for both practitioners and academics.’ Professor Sir Lawrence Freedman, War Studies King's College London Table of ContentsSurvival 64.3 (June–July 2022), pp. 1–222 A Brutal Examination: Russian Military Capability in Light of the Ukraine War In the Shadow of Ukraine: India’s Choices and Challenges Strategic Unpredictability: Assessing the Doctrine from Nixon to Putin NATO Membership NATO Facing China: Responses and Adaptations UK Defence Policy After Ukraine: Revisiting the Integrated Review The State of NATO: An American View Noteworthy Israel and the Iran Nuclear Deal: The Best of Bad Options How the al-Qaeda–Taliban Alliance Survived Politics by Default: China and the Global Governance of African Debt Culture and War Book Reviews Europe Latin America Environment and Resources Sleepwalking to Solidarity? Russia, Ukraine and the European Dream

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Book SynopsisSurvival, the IISSâs bimonthly journal, challenges conventional wisdom and brings fresh, often controversial, perspectives on strategic issues of the moment.In this issue: Alexander K. Bollfrass and Stephen Herzog argue that despite facing major challenges, the global nuclear order remains resilient Maria Shagina assesses Russiaâs status as an energy superpower, concluding that it has a bleak future in the long term Erik Jones argues that the war in Ukraine has disrupted the European Central Bankâs ability to operate by consensus Jeffrey E. Kline, James A. Russell and James J. Wirtz contend that the US Navy may struggle to adapt to the pace of technological, social and environmental change Ray Takeyh revisits the Iranian Revolution, finding that Jimmy Carter did not so much âloseâ Iran as misunderstand it And five more thought-provTrade Review‘In a world of complex security challenges the need for serious, thoughtful analysis is greater than ever. Survival’s combination of elegant writing and rigorous scholarship from the world’s top experts makes it essential reading for both practitioners and academics.’Professor Sir Lawrence Freedman, War Studies King's College LondonTable of ContentsSurvival 64.4 (August–September 2022), pp. 1–184 The War in Ukraine and the Global Nuclear Order Secret Intelligence and Public Diplomacy in the Ukraine War What Putin Fights For Russia’s Arctic Designs and NATO Russia’s Demise as an Energy Superpower The War in Ukraine and the European Central Bank Noteworthy The US Navy’s Generational Challenge The Coup that Wasn’t: Jimmy Carter and Iran Cold War Redux? Book Reviews Deterrence and Arms Control Asia-Pacific Russia and Eurasia The H-bomb in the Swamp: Taking Nuclear War Seriously Again

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Book SynopsisCyberattacks are nothing particularly new to the world and Ukraine had suffered many such attacks by Russia over recent years. Russia had knowingly been exploiting Ukraineâs digital vulnerabilities as a proving ground for nearly a decade. Malware such as Sandworm and BlackEnergy had caused untold damage to the Ukrainian population and government previously, which allowed Russia to perfect cyberattacks for further, more global events. Russia had been planting cyber sleeper digital cells for years, especially in the US and the UK.Then, coincidently, the week after the Chinese Winter Olympic games had finished, Russia launched an all-out cyber offensive against 70 Ukrainian government websites. Owing to these being poorlyâand insecurelyâmaintained, they toppled one by one, causing havoc and disruption to the Ukrainian government and to Ukraineâs critical infrastructure. As Q said in James Bond: âI can do more damage by breakfast sipping my Earl Grey tea with my keyboard than you ever can in the field.â Sadly, Q was right, as we witness daily. The keyboard and mouse have indeed become mightier than the sword.The barrage of cyberattacks against Ukraine constitutes the first cyberwar by one nation against another. This attack crossed a very thin red line. That line had the hallmarks of a nation state, but had until now been confined to cyber criminal activities, immaterial of whom the perpetrators were. This, however, was now war. The cyberwar was simply a precursor, the softening of a country that would precede a kinetic war in which tens of thousands of people would lose their lives. This war was the first war for nearly 80 years that rang out deathly klaxons across Europe and the world.Digital Blood on Their Hands addresses the issues that the digital world has created, covering the culpability, causal links and even liabilities that go towards these war crime atrocities, often too frightening to believe and also too compelling to dismiss. It tells a side to the worldâs first ever cyberwar that you would never otherwise see or possibly hear about.Table of ContentsPreface. Author. Part I History. Chapter 1 The History of War and Cyber Warfare. Chapter 2 The History of Cybersecurity. Part II Technology. Chapter 3 Domain Name System (DNS) Attacks. Chapter 4 Content Delivery Networks (CDNs). Chapter 5 Cloud Computing: A Gamble? Chapter 6 OSINT: Open-Source Intelligence. Chapter 7 Digital Perimeter Defences. Part III Examples of Previous Attacks and Insecurities. Chapter 8 US Government Security Failings. Chapter 9 UK Government Security Failings. Chapter 10 Okta Cyberattack: More Basic Security Failures. Chapter 11 Stuxnet. Chapter 12 Lloyds: Shortfall of Knowledge. Part IV The Ukraine Cyberwar. Chapter 13 Why Has Russia Invaded Ukraine? Chapter 14 Sanctions on Russia Following the War in Ukraine. Chapter 15 Eight Years of Cyberattacks on Ukraine. Chapter 16 Russian Allies and Enemies. Chapter 17 Digital Defences Down. Chapter 18 Ukraine Report: Ukraine Cyberwar Using Insecure Websites to Take Over Control. Chapter 19 Microsoft: There Is Something Rotten in Redmond. Chapter 20 Perimeter Defence Theory in Context: Ukraine. Chapter 21 Cyberattacks against Russia. Chapter 22 Global Security Errors. CONCLUSION. AFTERWORD. INDEX.

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Book SynopsisChina and the Soviet Union, first published in 1950, is written by a Chinese former diplomat and university professor, and calls on his many years of experience to provide an even-handed analysis of Sino-Russian relations. It ranges back to 1618 for some much-needed historical background, but the major part of Wuâs examination of the diplomatic relations between the two countries deals with the Soviet Union since 1918.

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Book SynopsisThis textbook provides a comprehensive introduction to the strategic history of the past two centuries, showing how those 200 years were shaped and reshaped extensively by war. The book takes a broad view of what was relevant to the causes, courses and consequences of conflict.The volume provides students with a strong grounding in the contribution of war to the development of the modern world, from the pre-industrial era to the age of international terrorism and smart weapons.  Covering all the major wars of the past two centuries, the third edition has been revised and updated and now includes: new introductory essays at the start of each section to help students recognize historical turning points and strategic themes;  revised and updated material on the post-Cold War period, accommodating new developments and contemporary perspectives; new material on non-Western views on strategy, especially Sun Tzu; a new chapter on The age Trade Review'Since it was first published in 2007 War, Peace and International Relations: An Introduction to Strategic History has been a classic and distinctive text in the Strategic Studies literature. Professor Gray, one of the great strategic thinkers of his day, argued that strategic history indicated that the future of warfare was likely to be very much like the past and that the general theory of strategy was unchanging. He also argued that great power rivalry was likely to re-emerge in the future. Following his premature death, Professor Wirtz has done a great service to students and practitioners of strategy by bringing Gray’s analysis up to date in this new edition showing how important Gray’s insights and analysis are to the understanding of the contemporary war in Ukraine and the growing geopolitical tensions in relations between the West and the developing ‘unlimited’ strategic alliance between Russia and China. Professor Wirtz is to be congratulated. This is a great testimony to the enduring value of the writings of Colin S. Gray.' Emeritus Professor John Baylis, FLSW, FRHist.S, FAcSS, USA Praise for previous editions: 'The author’s discussions and clarity of thought and expression make this work ideal as a textbook for introducing civilian students and prospective military officers of the various military academies to the subject.' Parameters Table of ContentsIntroduction: Strategic History PART I: THEORY OF WAR 1. Themes and Contexts of Strategic History 2. Carl Von Clausewitz and The Theory of War PART II: THE FRENCH AND INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTIONS 3. From Limited War to National War: The French Revolution and the Napoleonic Way of War 4. The Nineteenth Century, I: A Strategic View 5. The Nineteenth Century, II: Technology, Warfare and International Order PART III: WORLD WAR I AND THE TWENTY-YEAR ARMISTICE 6. World War I, I: Controversies 7. World War I, II: Modern Warfare 8. The Twenty-Year Armistice, 1919-39 9. The Mechanization of War PART IV: WORLD WAR II 10. World War II in Europe, I: The Structure and Course of Total War 11. World War II in Europe, II: Understanding the War 12. World War II in Asia-Pacific, I: Japan and the Politics of Empire 13. World War II in Asia-Pacific, II: Strategy and Warfare PART V: THE COLD WAR 14. The Cold War, I: Politics and Ideology 15. The Cold War, II: The Nuclear Revolution PART VI: OUR CONTEMPORARY AGE 16. War and Peace After the Cold War: An Interwar Decade 17. 9/11 and the Age of Terror 18. The Age of Acceleration and the Rise of Great Power Competition Conclusion: War, Peace and International Order

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Book SynopsisThis book illustrates the diversity of current geographies, ontologies, engagements, and epistemologies of peace and conflict. It emphasizes how agencies of peace and conflict occur in geographic settings, and how those settings shape processes of peace and conflict. The essence of the book's logic is that war and peace are manifestations of the intertwined construction of geographies and politics. Indeed, peace is never completely distinct from war. Each chapter in the book will demonstrate understandings of how the myriad spaces of war and peace are forged by multiple agencies, some possibly contradictory. The goals of these agents vary as peace and war are relational, place-specific processes. The reader will understand the mutual construction of spaces and processes of peace and conflict through engagement with the concepts of agency, the mutual construction of politics and space, geographic scales, multiple geographies, the twin dynamics of empathy/othering and inclusiviTable of ContentsChapter One: Introduction: Making Geographies of Peace and Conflict Colin Flint and Kara E. DempseyChapter Two: Geography and War, Geographers and Peace: Expanding Research and Political Agendas Virginie MamadouhChapter Three: Geographies of Peace Nerve V. Macaspac and Adam MooreChapter Four: Spatializing Peace and Peacebuilding: Where is Knowledge About Peace and Peacebuilding Produced?Annika BjörkdahlChapter Five: Navigating the Ambiguous Geographies of War and Peace James A. TynerChapter Six: Forging Shared Spaces for Building Peace Kara E. DempseyChapter Seven: The Violence of Development and the Prospects for Peace Colin FlintChapter Eight: Postcolonial Conflict in Southeast Asia: Rethinking the Shatterbelt with Colonial Rupture in Asia’s Cold War Christian Lentz and Scott KirschChapter Nine: Feminist Geopolitics and Empathetic Encounters with the Unseen: Reconsidering Black Hawk Down 20 Years Later Orhon Myadar and Tony ColellaChapter Ten: The Spatialities of Nonviolent Peace Activism in the Midst of War: From Colombia to UkraineSara KoopmanChapter Eleven: Peacework: Everyday Negative Peace Across South Asian BorderscapesMd Azmeary FerdoushChapter Twelve: Hybrid Networks: Technology, Geopolitics and Ontology in Digital Warfare Ian SlesingerChapter Thirteen: Geographies of Environmental Peace and Conflict Shannon O’LearChapter Fourteen: Conflict and Cooperation: The Adverse Effects of Climate ChangeAndrew Linke and Clionadh Raleigh Chapter Fifteen: Placing Peace: The Pedagogies of Positive Peace and Environmental JusticeMark Ortiz, María Belén Noroña, Lorraine Dowler, and Joshua Inwood

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Book SynopsisThe Politics of Silence, Voice and the In-Between: Exploring Gender, Race and Insecurity from the Margins seeks to dismantle the deficit discourses generated through research about people as agency-less and, by extension, objects of study.The book argues that, regardless of marginalisation, people create spaces of liminality where they seek control over their lives by navigating the structures that exclude them. Challenging the false binary of silence as violence and voice as power, the book introduces the idea of an in-between liminal space' which is created by people to navigate conditions of oppression and move towards a politically stable and inclusive world.This book will be of great interest to students and scholars of gender studies, international development, peace and conflict studies, politics and international relations, sociology and media studies. It will be an important resource for courses incorporating gender, feminist and postcolonial perspectTable of ContentsForeword Introduction: Theorising Liminal Spaces of Silence, Voice and the ‘In-Between’ During Political Instability, Precarity and Violence Part 1: Silence, Voice and the In-Between 1. Writing In-Between: Research, Resistance, and Academic Practices 2. Exilic Narrations of Syria’s Trauma: From a Politics of Being Perceived to a Politics of Perceiving 3. Queering Silence: Beyond Binaries Through Queer Readings of Texts on Silence 4. Silencing Speech and Spoken Silence in War Memorialisation in Japan Part 2: Agency in the Face of Trauma, Memory and Survival 5. How Male Survivors of Wartime Sexual Violence Navigate Silence and Voice 6. Liminal Activism: Kosovar Wartime Sexual Violence Survivors’ Resisting Dynamics and Women’s Rights Organisations’ Defense 7. Silence, Multi-Modal Testimony, and Wartime Sexual Violence 8. Voicing and Silencing in Tandem: Feminist Activism on Abortion in Argentina and Turkey Part 3: Exploring Empowerment and Activism: Women’s Bodies in a Dangerous World 9. The Silence/Voice Synergy of Yazidi Women’s Agency During and After ISIS 10. Afghan Women and the Burqa Trope: Mapping Agency in Liminality 11. Space of Loud Silences: Digital Media Start-Ups and Women’s Experiences of Gukurahundi Atrocities

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Book SynopsisThis book provides a systematic analysis of the Russian-Ukraine war, using the concept of resilient fighting power to assess the operational performance of both sides during the first year of the full-scale invasion.The Russian war in Ukraine began in 2014 and continued for eight years, before the full-scale invasion of 24 February 2022. It is not a new war, but the intensity of the warfighting revived many discussions about the conduct of inter-state warfare, which has not been seen in Europe for decades. This book does not aim to offer an exhaustive operational analysis of the war, but rather provides a preliminary systematic analysis across various domains of warfare using the concept of fighting power to assess the operational performance of both sides. First, the book discusses the conceptual component and the post-Cold War adaptations of the Soviet strategic tradition by both the Ukrainian and the Russian Armed Forces. Following that, it gives an evaluation of the vario

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Book SynopsisThe Routledge Handbook of Arctic Security offers a comprehensive examination of security in the region, encompassing both state-based and militarized notions of security, as well as broader security perspectives reflecting debates about changes in climate, environment, economies, and societies. Since the turn of the century, the Arctic has increasingly been in the global spotlight, resulting in the often invoked idea of Arctic exceptionalism being questioned. At the same time, the unconventional political power which the Arctic's Indigenous peoples hold calls into question conventional ideas about geopolitics and security. This handbook examines security in this region, revealing contestations and complementarities between narrower, state-based and/or militarized notions of security and broader security perspectives reflecting concerns and debates about changes in climate, environment, economies, and societies.The volume is split into five thematic parts:Table of Contents1. Understanding Arctic Security: What Has Changed? What Hasn’t? Gunhild Hoogensen Gjørv, Marc Lanteigne and Horatio Sam-Aggrey 2. The Arctic Peace Projection: From Cold War Fronts to Cooperative Fora Alan Henrikson Section I: Theorising Arctic Security 3. Applying Conventional Theoretical Approaches to the Arctic Barbora Padrtova 4. Assessing Security Governance in the Arctic Andrew Chater, Wilfrid Greaves and Leah Sarson 5. Arctic Security in International Security Rasmus Gjedssø Bertelsen 6. Security as an Analytical Tool: Human and Comprehensive Security Approaches to Understanding the Arctic Gunhild Hoogensen Gjørv 7. Indigenous Security Theory: Intersectional Analysis from the Bottom Up Rauna Kuokkanen and Victoria Sweet 8. Energy Security in the Arctic Magnus DeWitt, Hlynur Stefánsson and Ágúst Valfells 9. Environmental Security in the Arctic: Shades of Grey? Horatio Sam-Aggrey and Marc Lanteigne 10. Economic Security: Employment Policy Needs for Rural and Remote Communities Gordon B. Cooke and Bui K. Petersen Section II: The Arctic Powers: "Arctic Five" and "Arctic Eight" 11. Arctic Security Perspectives from Russia Alexander Sergunin 12. Arctic Security: The Canadian Context Heather Exner-Pirot and Rob Huebert 13. US Security Policy in the American Arctic Michael T. Corgan 14. Security Perspectives from Norway Kristian Åtland 15. Denmark and Greenland’s Changing Sovereignty and Security Challenges in the Arctic Jon-Rahbek Clemmensen 16. Small State, Big Impact? Iceland’s First National Security Policy Page Wilson and Auður H. Ingólfsdóttir 17. Security Perspectives from Finland: An Arctic Case Lassi Heininen 18. Security Perspectives from Sweden Niklas Eklund Section III: Security in the Arctic through Governance 19. The Arctic Council: Soft Actions, Hard Effects? Svein Vigeland Rottem and Piotr Graczyk 20. Science Diplomacy and the Arctic Rasmus Gjedssø Bertelsen 21. Geopolitics and International Law in the Arctic Bjarni Már Magnússon and Charles H. Norchi 22. Geopolitics, Security and Governance Klaus Dodds 23. Security Issues in the Svalbard Area Tobjørn Pedersen 24. Arctic Coast Guards: Why Cooperate? Andreas Østhagen 25. Legal Reform, Governance and Security in the Russian Arctic Aytalina Ivanova and Gail Fondahl Section IV: Non-Arctic States, Regional and International Organisations 26. Concerning the Arctic as a Security Region: The Roles of China and Russia Marc Lanteigne 27. Japan and Arctic Security Wrenn Yennie-Lindgren 28. Security Aspects in EU Arctic Policy Adele Airoldi 29. NATO, the OSCE and the Arctic Region: European Security Organizations and the High North Benjamin Schaller and Horatio Sam-Aggrey Section V: People, States and Security 30. Indigenous Peoples Wilfrid Greaves 31. Human Security, Extractive Industries and Indigenous Communities in the Russian North Florian Stammler, Kara K. Hodgson and Aytalina Ivanova 32. The Role of Indigenous Local Knowledge (ILK) in Enhancing Indigenous Security in the Mackenzie Valley, Northwest Territories, Canada Horatio Sam-Aggrey 33. Gender and Intersectional Approaches to Security in the Arctic Gunhild Hoogensen Gjørv, Embla Eir Oddsdottír and Fern Wickson 34. Food Security Across the Circumpolar Region Kamrul Hossain, Thora M. Herrmann and Bamidele Raheem 35. The Widening Spectrum of Arctic Security Thinking Gunhild Hoogensen Gjørv and Marc Lanteigne

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Book SynopsisThis volume delves into the way conventional deterrence operates between nuclear-armed states in the third nuclear age. Unlike the first and second ages the advent of this new age has witnessed greater strain on the principles of mutual vulnerability and survivability that may result in increased risks of advertent or inadvertent escalation and horizontal nuclear proliferation.The book looks at the sum of three key simultaneous developments in the third nuclear age that merit attention. These include the emergence of asymmetric strategies, the introduction of unmanned platforms and the expansion of nuclear arsenals. The volume discusses how these concurrent developments might shape the practice of conventional deterrence and provides useful insights into conventional military dynamics, not just among the current nuclear dyads but also ones that may emerge in future. It seeks answers to several key issues in state security not limited to:What purpose and scope doesTable of ContentsIntroduction. 1. Conventional Military Purpose in the Third Nuclear Age 2. From Kill Chain to Kill Web 3. Unmanned Systems in Conventional Forces 4. Offense-Defence Integration and Nuclear Ambiguity: Effect on Conventional Stability. Conclusion

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Book SynopsisThis edited book analyzes Kosovo's foreign policy and bilateral relations with the United States and several European countries.After the 1999 liberation from Serbia, Kosovo built close relations with various countries that supported it in the process of reconstruction, economic stabilization, institution-building, and state-building. From 1999 to 2008, many of these states were politically and operationally engaged in Kosovo under the leadership of the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) and of the United Nations Interim Administration Mission in Kosovo (UNMIK). Since its independence in 2008, the Republic of Kosovo has adopted a foreign policy in accordance with its values and strategic interests, a foreign policy that aims to strengthen Kosovo's security and foster its socio-economic prosperity in collaboration with primarily Western countries. In this volume, each chapter is dedicated to Kosovo's bilateral relations with a selected state with which it has establisheTrade Review 'This book is very timely and offers a much-needed analysis of Kosovo’s foreign policy and its diplomatic relationships with key strategic allies and partners. Outstanding scholars, as well as experienced diplomats and practitioners, provide their insightful examinations of the foreign policy and bilateral relations of Kosovo. This edited volume is also a valuable contribution to the understanding of international relations, diplomacy, and the foreign policy of small states. It serves as an excellent resource for academics, foreign policy decision-makers, diplomats, scholars, students, and a broad audience in general. We are delighted to highly recommend this book to all readers who seek an in depth understanding of the challenges, opportunities, and foreign policy perspectives of a new, young European country.'Arben Hajrullahu and Bekim Baliqi, Department of Political Science, University of Prishtina, Kosovo'This timely volume brings interesting new insights into how the young state of Kosovo has managed to establish relations with a wide range of countries and developed a distinct foreign policy profile. This study is not only attractive for scholars and students with an interest in Kosovo but also for those who want to better understand foreign policy strategies of small states.'Sophie Vanhoonacker, University of Maastricht, The Netherlands'Kosovo’s Foreign Policy and Bilateral Relations shows how a recently independent state whose statehood is contested in some quarters has nonetheless managed to establish itself as a diplomatic actor with its own foreign policy. This timely and interesting volume combines insights and experiences from both academics and practitioners on Kosovar strategies in the field and the obstacles that had to be dealt with.'Thomas Conzelmann, University of Maastricht, The Netherlands'Everything you need to know and more about Kosovo’s place on the global stage appears in this rich edited book. Liridon Lika and his contributors have done an excellent job in analysing Kosovo both as a subject and actor of international relations, in its pre-and-post independence period. The contributions provide a comprehensive and multidimensional analysis of the bilateral relations forged by Kosovo both with traditional powers and with new States, such as those emerging from the dissolution of Yugoslavia. The book provides very useful knowledge for anyone wishing to understand how diplomacy helps shape the trajectory of a new State and its preferences in international affairs. The book also makes a genuine academic contribution, filling a void on a topic that is at present poorly researched. It is a meaningful collaborative project combining stimulating academic contributions from the Balkans, Europe, and the United States.' Sebastian Santander, Director of the Center for International Relations Studies (CEFIR) and Head of the Department of Political Science, University of Liège, BelgiumTable of Contents1. Introduction: Mapping Out Kosovo’s Foreign Relations 2. The Dynamics of US–Kosovo Relations: An Investigation of Key Factors 3. Kosovo and Albania, a Special Relationship: Retrospectives and Challenges Toward the Future 4. Bilateral Relations between Kosovo and Austria: An Unknown Friendship 5. Kosovo and Belgium: Dynamics and Factors of a Solid Relationship 6. Kosovo–Croatia Bilateral Relations: A Rapport Beyond Statehood 7. Kosovo and France Bilateral Relations: Between Change and Continuity 8. Kosovo–Germany Relations: Germany’s Role in Strengthening Kosovo’s Statehood 9. Kosovo and Montenegro: A Relationship Based on Euro–Atlantic Perspective 10. Bilateral Relations between Kosovo and North Macedonia: Condemned to Cooperate? 11. Kosovo and Sweden: A Relationship Based on Values and Principles 12. Kosovo’s Bilateral Relations with Turkey: Between Cooperation and Mistrust 13. Bilateral Relations between Kosovo and the United Kingdom: A British Perspective 14. Conclusion: Assessment and Outlook of the Kosovo’s Foreign Policy and Bilateral Relations

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Book SynopsisThis edited volume focuses on civil-military relations before and during great power conflicts, and comprises historical case studies of modern supreme leadership.It aims to provide a guide for the future by shining a light on what worked and what failed in the civil-military relationships that steered great powers during the last era of rapid global change. While future civil-military relationships will have to adapt to the current global environment, the past remains, as always, a prelude. Thus, crucial concepts that underpin all such relationships are eternal and are waiting to be drawn out by historians trained to examine and present them to those who can put them to immediate good use. This volume demonstrates the relevance of history in every chapter, as readers will see parallels to today's problems throughout every case study. The world is entering an age of great challenges, many of which require nations particularly the most powerful to establish civil-military reTable of Contents1. Introduction 2. Lincoln, Grant, and the Secrets of Their Success 3. Jefferson Davis and Robert E. Lee 4. Clemenceau and Foch: How Not to Share an Armrest 5. Lloyd George, Haig and the Supreme Command, 1917-1918 6. Imperial Germany’s Supreme Command during the First World War 7. Stalin and the Stavka: Formulating Soviet Strategy during the Great Patriotic War 8. The German High Command 9. Roosevelt and Marshall: The Road to Overlord 10. Couldn’t Winston Trust His Generals? 11. Truman and MacArthur: Rendezvous with History 12. Mao and His Generals: The War to Resist America and Aid Korea Conclusion

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Book SynopsisThis book offers a multidisciplinary exploration of how climate change is impacting conflicts, contention, and competition in the world.The volume examines how climate change is creating and exacerbating insecurities for millions of people globally, and how states, inter-governmental bodies, and others are attempting to meet challenges today and in the near and medium term. It shows that climate change insecurity is relevant to a battery of security areas, including warfighting, stabilisation, human security, influence, and resilience and capacity building. The volume provides insights into how climate change has and will impact security at different scales and in different localities, including national and ethnic tensions, food and water security, resource competition, mass displacement, and even the recruitment profiles and operations of violent and extremist organisations. With contributions from pioneering researchers and practitioners, the book discusses shifting operatTrade Review'The book completes its mission to show that climate change is a driver of conflict, an obstacle to conflict resolution, and a creator of strategic shocks, tensions, opportunities, and risks… A must read for anyone interested in defence, security, or climate change.'General Tom Middendorp, International Military Council on Climate & Security (former Chief of Defence of The Netherlands)'Climate change is the single most significant long-term defence issue. Its consequences will shape threats, challenge governments (as competition for food, water increases) undermine military capabilities, and drive economic instability. The book offers insights that are at once timely, important, and alarming.'Tobias Ellwood MP, Chair of the UK House of Commons Defence Committee, 2020-2023'The climate crisis is the top geopolitical issue of our time. From the High North to equatorial Africa, global heating will be the major driver of the conflicts and threats we will face in the coming decades. This vital and timely book challenges us to marshal a much better response, urgently.'Tom Fletcher, University of Oxford (former UK Foreign Policy Adviser to three UK Prime Ministers)'There are uncomfortable gaps between knowledge, practice, and reality when it comes to how climate change is shaping human and hard security. This book is an important contribution to closing that gap, showing how to stop worrying about securitizing climate and start climatizing security.'Hon. Sharon E. Burke, Ecospherics (former US Assistant Secretary of Defense for Operational Energy)'Climate Change and Insecurity is a clarion call for the military and security sectors. This exceptional collection shows how climate change and its impacts are reshaping the world and how nations must prepare for what is to come.'Captain Dr Andrea Cameron, US Naval War CollegeTable of ContentsIntroduction: Climate Change and (In)Security Section I: Climate Security Contexts 1. Cascading and Systemic Risks from Environmental Change 2. Geopolitics and Security in the Changing Arctic 3. Geopolitics and Security in the Changing Antarctic 4. Security Politics of Climate Change in the Levant 5. Decentering Climate Security: The Research and Policy Implications of Sudden-Onset and Slow-Onset Climate Change 6. A New Framework for Understanding Risk: The Role of Climate Change in the Northern Triangle 7. Climate Change, Insecurity, and Economic Transformation Section II: Defence and Security Implications 8. Towards a Greener Alliance: NATO’s Energy Efficiency and Mitigation Efforts 9. The Evolving Climate Change Threat: UK Defence Preparations 10. Maritime Response to Climate Change 11. Climate Disruption to Hidden Networks: Understanding Human-Animal-Ecological Relationships for Conflict and Security 12. Climate Intelligence in Theory and Practice 13. Operational Risks and Opportunities from Climate Change on Western Militaries’ Conservation Activities Section III: Framings and Reflections 14. Ecological Security: The New Military Operational Priority for Humanitarian and Disaster Response 15. The Hyperthreat and Politico-Military Response: Outcomes from a Military Appreciation of Entangled Security 16. A Reflection on 30 Years of Climate and Conflict

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Book SynopsisThis book offers an original assessment of the ways in which the sociocultural code of blood revenge and its modern remnants shape irregular warfare. Despite being a common driver of communal violence, blood revenge has received little attention from scholars. With many civil wars and insurgencies occurring in areas where the custom lingers, strengthening our understanding of blood revenge is essential for discerning how conflicts change and evolve. Drawing upon extensive multidisciplinary evidence, this book is the first in the literature on civil war and insurgency to analyse the impact of blood revenge and its modern remnants on irregular warfare. Even when blood revenge undergoes erosion, its unregulated version still shapes the social fabric of insurgency, although in different ways than its institutionalised counterpart. At times of political instability, the presence of a culture of retaliation weighs heavily on the dynamics of violent mobilisation, target selection, rTable of Contents1. Introduction 2. Conceptualising Blood Revenge 3. The Erosion of Blood Revenge in Modern Society 4. The Role of Blood Revenge in Irregular Warfare 5. The Erosion of Blood Revenge in Irregular Warfare 6. Conclusion

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This book addresses key aspects relating to the use of international sanctions by assembling contributions from different fields of expertise with a view to providing readers with an interdisciplinary perspective.Unilateral or plurilateral restrictive measures, commonly referred to as sanctions, by States or regional organizations have been acquiring an enormous practical importance in the last decades, leading also to the institution of a European Union's sanctioning mechanism of its own. In addition to that, the war in Ukraine, triggered by the Russian aggression, has given them an unprecedented visibility, including in the mainstream media. The matter nevertheless remains particularly complex, given its diverse implications from a legal as well as from an economic-financial point of view, and not least in a political perspective. This book follows up the workshop that was held at the University of Florence on 9-10 December 2021 and collects original contributions from promising o

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