Peace studies and conflict resolution Books

Book SynopsisThis book illustrates the diversity of current geographies, ontologies, engagements, and epistemologies of peace and conflict. It emphasizes how agencies of peace and conflict occur in geographic settings, and how those settings shape processes of peace and conflict. The essence of the book's logic is that war and peace are manifestations of the intertwined construction of geographies and politics. Indeed, peace is never completely distinct from war. Each chapter in the book will demonstrate understandings of how the myriad spaces of war and peace are forged by multiple agencies, some possibly contradictory. The goals of these agents vary as peace and war are relational, place-specific processes. The reader will understand the mutual construction of spaces and processes of peace and conflict through engagement with the concepts of agency, the mutual construction of politics and space, geographic scales, multiple geographies, the twin dynamics of empathy/othering and inclusiviTable of ContentsChapter One: Introduction: Making Geographies of Peace and Conflict Colin Flint and Kara E. DempseyChapter Two: Geography and War, Geographers and Peace: Expanding Research and Political Agendas Virginie MamadouhChapter Three: Geographies of Peace Nerve V. Macaspac and Adam MooreChapter Four: Spatializing Peace and Peacebuilding: Where is Knowledge About Peace and Peacebuilding Produced?Annika BjörkdahlChapter Five: Navigating the Ambiguous Geographies of War and Peace James A. TynerChapter Six: Forging Shared Spaces for Building Peace Kara E. DempseyChapter Seven: The Violence of Development and the Prospects for Peace Colin FlintChapter Eight: Postcolonial Conflict in Southeast Asia: Rethinking the Shatterbelt with Colonial Rupture in Asia’s Cold War Christian Lentz and Scott KirschChapter Nine: Feminist Geopolitics and Empathetic Encounters with the Unseen: Reconsidering Black Hawk Down 20 Years Later Orhon Myadar and Tony ColellaChapter Ten: The Spatialities of Nonviolent Peace Activism in the Midst of War: From Colombia to UkraineSara KoopmanChapter Eleven: Peacework: Everyday Negative Peace Across South Asian BorderscapesMd Azmeary FerdoushChapter Twelve: Hybrid Networks: Technology, Geopolitics and Ontology in Digital Warfare Ian SlesingerChapter Thirteen: Geographies of Environmental Peace and Conflict Shannon O’LearChapter Fourteen: Conflict and Cooperation: The Adverse Effects of Climate ChangeAndrew Linke and Clionadh Raleigh Chapter Fifteen: Placing Peace: The Pedagogies of Positive Peace and Environmental JusticeMark Ortiz, María Belén Noroña, Lorraine Dowler, and Joshua Inwood

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Book SynopsisThe Politics of Silence, Voice and the In-Between: Exploring Gender, Race and Insecurity from the Margins seeks to dismantle the deficit discourses generated through research about people as agency-less and, by extension, objects of study.The book argues that, regardless of marginalisation, people create spaces of liminality where they seek control over their lives by navigating the structures that exclude them. Challenging the false binary of silence as violence and voice as power, the book introduces the idea of an in-between liminal space' which is created by people to navigate conditions of oppression and move towards a politically stable and inclusive world.This book will be of great interest to students and scholars of gender studies, international development, peace and conflict studies, politics and international relations, sociology and media studies. It will be an important resource for courses incorporating gender, feminist and postcolonial perspectTable of ContentsForeword Introduction: Theorising Liminal Spaces of Silence, Voice and the ‘In-Between’ During Political Instability, Precarity and Violence Part 1: Silence, Voice and the In-Between 1. Writing In-Between: Research, Resistance, and Academic Practices 2. Exilic Narrations of Syria’s Trauma: From a Politics of Being Perceived to a Politics of Perceiving 3. Queering Silence: Beyond Binaries Through Queer Readings of Texts on Silence 4. Silencing Speech and Spoken Silence in War Memorialisation in Japan Part 2: Agency in the Face of Trauma, Memory and Survival 5. How Male Survivors of Wartime Sexual Violence Navigate Silence and Voice 6. Liminal Activism: Kosovar Wartime Sexual Violence Survivors’ Resisting Dynamics and Women’s Rights Organisations’ Defense 7. Silence, Multi-Modal Testimony, and Wartime Sexual Violence 8. Voicing and Silencing in Tandem: Feminist Activism on Abortion in Argentina and Turkey Part 3: Exploring Empowerment and Activism: Women’s Bodies in a Dangerous World 9. The Silence/Voice Synergy of Yazidi Women’s Agency During and After ISIS 10. Afghan Women and the Burqa Trope: Mapping Agency in Liminality 11. Space of Loud Silences: Digital Media Start-Ups and Women’s Experiences of Gukurahundi Atrocities

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Book SynopsisThis book provides a systematic analysis of the Russian-Ukraine war, using the concept of resilient fighting power to assess the operational performance of both sides during the first year of the full-scale invasion.The Russian war in Ukraine began in 2014 and continued for eight years, before the full-scale invasion of 24 February 2022. It is not a new war, but the intensity of the warfighting revived many discussions about the conduct of inter-state warfare, which has not been seen in Europe for decades. This book does not aim to offer an exhaustive operational analysis of the war, but rather provides a preliminary systematic analysis across various domains of warfare using the concept of fighting power to assess the operational performance of both sides. First, the book discusses the conceptual component and the post-Cold War adaptations of the Soviet strategic tradition by both the Ukrainian and the Russian Armed Forces. Following that, it gives an evaluation of the vario

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Book SynopsisThe Routledge Handbook of Arctic Security offers a comprehensive examination of security in the region, encompassing both state-based and militarized notions of security, as well as broader security perspectives reflecting debates about changes in climate, environment, economies, and societies. Since the turn of the century, the Arctic has increasingly been in the global spotlight, resulting in the often invoked idea of Arctic exceptionalism being questioned. At the same time, the unconventional political power which the Arctic's Indigenous peoples hold calls into question conventional ideas about geopolitics and security. This handbook examines security in this region, revealing contestations and complementarities between narrower, state-based and/or militarized notions of security and broader security perspectives reflecting concerns and debates about changes in climate, environment, economies, and societies.The volume is split into five thematic parts:Table of Contents1. Understanding Arctic Security: What Has Changed? What Hasn’t? Gunhild Hoogensen Gjørv, Marc Lanteigne and Horatio Sam-Aggrey 2. The Arctic Peace Projection: From Cold War Fronts to Cooperative Fora Alan Henrikson Section I: Theorising Arctic Security 3. Applying Conventional Theoretical Approaches to the Arctic Barbora Padrtova 4. Assessing Security Governance in the Arctic Andrew Chater, Wilfrid Greaves and Leah Sarson 5. Arctic Security in International Security Rasmus Gjedssø Bertelsen 6. Security as an Analytical Tool: Human and Comprehensive Security Approaches to Understanding the Arctic Gunhild Hoogensen Gjørv 7. Indigenous Security Theory: Intersectional Analysis from the Bottom Up Rauna Kuokkanen and Victoria Sweet 8. Energy Security in the Arctic Magnus DeWitt, Hlynur Stefánsson and Ágúst Valfells 9. Environmental Security in the Arctic: Shades of Grey? Horatio Sam-Aggrey and Marc Lanteigne 10. Economic Security: Employment Policy Needs for Rural and Remote Communities Gordon B. Cooke and Bui K. Petersen Section II: The Arctic Powers: "Arctic Five" and "Arctic Eight" 11. Arctic Security Perspectives from Russia Alexander Sergunin 12. Arctic Security: The Canadian Context Heather Exner-Pirot and Rob Huebert 13. US Security Policy in the American Arctic Michael T. Corgan 14. Security Perspectives from Norway Kristian Åtland 15. Denmark and Greenland’s Changing Sovereignty and Security Challenges in the Arctic Jon-Rahbek Clemmensen 16. Small State, Big Impact? Iceland’s First National Security Policy Page Wilson and Auður H. Ingólfsdóttir 17. Security Perspectives from Finland: An Arctic Case Lassi Heininen 18. Security Perspectives from Sweden Niklas Eklund Section III: Security in the Arctic through Governance 19. The Arctic Council: Soft Actions, Hard Effects? Svein Vigeland Rottem and Piotr Graczyk 20. Science Diplomacy and the Arctic Rasmus Gjedssø Bertelsen 21. Geopolitics and International Law in the Arctic Bjarni Már Magnússon and Charles H. Norchi 22. Geopolitics, Security and Governance Klaus Dodds 23. Security Issues in the Svalbard Area Tobjørn Pedersen 24. Arctic Coast Guards: Why Cooperate? Andreas Østhagen 25. Legal Reform, Governance and Security in the Russian Arctic Aytalina Ivanova and Gail Fondahl Section IV: Non-Arctic States, Regional and International Organisations 26. Concerning the Arctic as a Security Region: The Roles of China and Russia Marc Lanteigne 27. Japan and Arctic Security Wrenn Yennie-Lindgren 28. Security Aspects in EU Arctic Policy Adele Airoldi 29. NATO, the OSCE and the Arctic Region: European Security Organizations and the High North Benjamin Schaller and Horatio Sam-Aggrey Section V: People, States and Security 30. Indigenous Peoples Wilfrid Greaves 31. Human Security, Extractive Industries and Indigenous Communities in the Russian North Florian Stammler, Kara K. Hodgson and Aytalina Ivanova 32. The Role of Indigenous Local Knowledge (ILK) in Enhancing Indigenous Security in the Mackenzie Valley, Northwest Territories, Canada Horatio Sam-Aggrey 33. Gender and Intersectional Approaches to Security in the Arctic Gunhild Hoogensen Gjørv, Embla Eir Oddsdottír and Fern Wickson 34. Food Security Across the Circumpolar Region Kamrul Hossain, Thora M. Herrmann and Bamidele Raheem 35. The Widening Spectrum of Arctic Security Thinking Gunhild Hoogensen Gjørv and Marc Lanteigne

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Book SynopsisThis volume delves into the way conventional deterrence operates between nuclear-armed states in the third nuclear age. Unlike the first and second ages the advent of this new age has witnessed greater strain on the principles of mutual vulnerability and survivability that may result in increased risks of advertent or inadvertent escalation and horizontal nuclear proliferation.The book looks at the sum of three key simultaneous developments in the third nuclear age that merit attention. These include the emergence of asymmetric strategies, the introduction of unmanned platforms and the expansion of nuclear arsenals. The volume discusses how these concurrent developments might shape the practice of conventional deterrence and provides useful insights into conventional military dynamics, not just among the current nuclear dyads but also ones that may emerge in future. It seeks answers to several key issues in state security not limited to:What purpose and scope doesTable of ContentsIntroduction. 1. Conventional Military Purpose in the Third Nuclear Age 2. From Kill Chain to Kill Web 3. Unmanned Systems in Conventional Forces 4. Offense-Defence Integration and Nuclear Ambiguity: Effect on Conventional Stability. Conclusion

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Book SynopsisThis edited book analyzes Kosovo's foreign policy and bilateral relations with the United States and several European countries.After the 1999 liberation from Serbia, Kosovo built close relations with various countries that supported it in the process of reconstruction, economic stabilization, institution-building, and state-building. From 1999 to 2008, many of these states were politically and operationally engaged in Kosovo under the leadership of the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) and of the United Nations Interim Administration Mission in Kosovo (UNMIK). Since its independence in 2008, the Republic of Kosovo has adopted a foreign policy in accordance with its values and strategic interests, a foreign policy that aims to strengthen Kosovo's security and foster its socio-economic prosperity in collaboration with primarily Western countries. In this volume, each chapter is dedicated to Kosovo's bilateral relations with a selected state with which it has establisheTrade Review 'This book is very timely and offers a much-needed analysis of Kosovo’s foreign policy and its diplomatic relationships with key strategic allies and partners. Outstanding scholars, as well as experienced diplomats and practitioners, provide their insightful examinations of the foreign policy and bilateral relations of Kosovo. This edited volume is also a valuable contribution to the understanding of international relations, diplomacy, and the foreign policy of small states. It serves as an excellent resource for academics, foreign policy decision-makers, diplomats, scholars, students, and a broad audience in general. We are delighted to highly recommend this book to all readers who seek an in depth understanding of the challenges, opportunities, and foreign policy perspectives of a new, young European country.'Arben Hajrullahu and Bekim Baliqi, Department of Political Science, University of Prishtina, Kosovo'This timely volume brings interesting new insights into how the young state of Kosovo has managed to establish relations with a wide range of countries and developed a distinct foreign policy profile. This study is not only attractive for scholars and students with an interest in Kosovo but also for those who want to better understand foreign policy strategies of small states.'Sophie Vanhoonacker, University of Maastricht, The Netherlands'Kosovo’s Foreign Policy and Bilateral Relations shows how a recently independent state whose statehood is contested in some quarters has nonetheless managed to establish itself as a diplomatic actor with its own foreign policy. This timely and interesting volume combines insights and experiences from both academics and practitioners on Kosovar strategies in the field and the obstacles that had to be dealt with.'Thomas Conzelmann, University of Maastricht, The Netherlands'Everything you need to know and more about Kosovo’s place on the global stage appears in this rich edited book. Liridon Lika and his contributors have done an excellent job in analysing Kosovo both as a subject and actor of international relations, in its pre-and-post independence period. The contributions provide a comprehensive and multidimensional analysis of the bilateral relations forged by Kosovo both with traditional powers and with new States, such as those emerging from the dissolution of Yugoslavia. The book provides very useful knowledge for anyone wishing to understand how diplomacy helps shape the trajectory of a new State and its preferences in international affairs. The book also makes a genuine academic contribution, filling a void on a topic that is at present poorly researched. It is a meaningful collaborative project combining stimulating academic contributions from the Balkans, Europe, and the United States.' Sebastian Santander, Director of the Center for International Relations Studies (CEFIR) and Head of the Department of Political Science, University of Liège, BelgiumTable of Contents1. Introduction: Mapping Out Kosovo’s Foreign Relations 2. The Dynamics of US–Kosovo Relations: An Investigation of Key Factors 3. Kosovo and Albania, a Special Relationship: Retrospectives and Challenges Toward the Future 4. Bilateral Relations between Kosovo and Austria: An Unknown Friendship 5. Kosovo and Belgium: Dynamics and Factors of a Solid Relationship 6. Kosovo–Croatia Bilateral Relations: A Rapport Beyond Statehood 7. Kosovo and France Bilateral Relations: Between Change and Continuity 8. Kosovo–Germany Relations: Germany’s Role in Strengthening Kosovo’s Statehood 9. Kosovo and Montenegro: A Relationship Based on Euro–Atlantic Perspective 10. Bilateral Relations between Kosovo and North Macedonia: Condemned to Cooperate? 11. Kosovo and Sweden: A Relationship Based on Values and Principles 12. Kosovo’s Bilateral Relations with Turkey: Between Cooperation and Mistrust 13. Bilateral Relations between Kosovo and the United Kingdom: A British Perspective 14. Conclusion: Assessment and Outlook of the Kosovo’s Foreign Policy and Bilateral Relations

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Book SynopsisThis edited volume focuses on civil-military relations before and during great power conflicts, and comprises historical case studies of modern supreme leadership.It aims to provide a guide for the future by shining a light on what worked and what failed in the civil-military relationships that steered great powers during the last era of rapid global change. While future civil-military relationships will have to adapt to the current global environment, the past remains, as always, a prelude. Thus, crucial concepts that underpin all such relationships are eternal and are waiting to be drawn out by historians trained to examine and present them to those who can put them to immediate good use. This volume demonstrates the relevance of history in every chapter, as readers will see parallels to today's problems throughout every case study. The world is entering an age of great challenges, many of which require nations particularly the most powerful to establish civil-military reTable of Contents1. Introduction 2. Lincoln, Grant, and the Secrets of Their Success 3. Jefferson Davis and Robert E. Lee 4. Clemenceau and Foch: How Not to Share an Armrest 5. Lloyd George, Haig and the Supreme Command, 1917-1918 6. Imperial Germany’s Supreme Command during the First World War 7. Stalin and the Stavka: Formulating Soviet Strategy during the Great Patriotic War 8. The German High Command 9. Roosevelt and Marshall: The Road to Overlord 10. Couldn’t Winston Trust His Generals? 11. Truman and MacArthur: Rendezvous with History 12. Mao and His Generals: The War to Resist America and Aid Korea Conclusion

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Book SynopsisThis book offers a multidisciplinary exploration of how climate change is impacting conflicts, contention, and competition in the world.The volume examines how climate change is creating and exacerbating insecurities for millions of people globally, and how states, inter-governmental bodies, and others are attempting to meet challenges today and in the near and medium term. It shows that climate change insecurity is relevant to a battery of security areas, including warfighting, stabilisation, human security, influence, and resilience and capacity building. The volume provides insights into how climate change has and will impact security at different scales and in different localities, including national and ethnic tensions, food and water security, resource competition, mass displacement, and even the recruitment profiles and operations of violent and extremist organisations. With contributions from pioneering researchers and practitioners, the book discusses shifting operatTrade Review'The book completes its mission to show that climate change is a driver of conflict, an obstacle to conflict resolution, and a creator of strategic shocks, tensions, opportunities, and risks… A must read for anyone interested in defence, security, or climate change.'General Tom Middendorp, International Military Council on Climate & Security (former Chief of Defence of The Netherlands)'Climate change is the single most significant long-term defence issue. Its consequences will shape threats, challenge governments (as competition for food, water increases) undermine military capabilities, and drive economic instability. The book offers insights that are at once timely, important, and alarming.'Tobias Ellwood MP, Chair of the UK House of Commons Defence Committee, 2020-2023'The climate crisis is the top geopolitical issue of our time. From the High North to equatorial Africa, global heating will be the major driver of the conflicts and threats we will face in the coming decades. This vital and timely book challenges us to marshal a much better response, urgently.'Tom Fletcher, University of Oxford (former UK Foreign Policy Adviser to three UK Prime Ministers)'There are uncomfortable gaps between knowledge, practice, and reality when it comes to how climate change is shaping human and hard security. This book is an important contribution to closing that gap, showing how to stop worrying about securitizing climate and start climatizing security.'Hon. Sharon E. Burke, Ecospherics (former US Assistant Secretary of Defense for Operational Energy)'Climate Change and Insecurity is a clarion call for the military and security sectors. This exceptional collection shows how climate change and its impacts are reshaping the world and how nations must prepare for what is to come.'Captain Dr Andrea Cameron, US Naval War CollegeTable of ContentsIntroduction: Climate Change and (In)Security Section I: Climate Security Contexts 1. Cascading and Systemic Risks from Environmental Change 2. Geopolitics and Security in the Changing Arctic 3. Geopolitics and Security in the Changing Antarctic 4. Security Politics of Climate Change in the Levant 5. Decentering Climate Security: The Research and Policy Implications of Sudden-Onset and Slow-Onset Climate Change 6. A New Framework for Understanding Risk: The Role of Climate Change in the Northern Triangle 7. Climate Change, Insecurity, and Economic Transformation Section II: Defence and Security Implications 8. Towards a Greener Alliance: NATO’s Energy Efficiency and Mitigation Efforts 9. The Evolving Climate Change Threat: UK Defence Preparations 10. Maritime Response to Climate Change 11. Climate Disruption to Hidden Networks: Understanding Human-Animal-Ecological Relationships for Conflict and Security 12. Climate Intelligence in Theory and Practice 13. Operational Risks and Opportunities from Climate Change on Western Militaries’ Conservation Activities Section III: Framings and Reflections 14. Ecological Security: The New Military Operational Priority for Humanitarian and Disaster Response 15. The Hyperthreat and Politico-Military Response: Outcomes from a Military Appreciation of Entangled Security 16. A Reflection on 30 Years of Climate and Conflict

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Book SynopsisThis book offers an original assessment of the ways in which the sociocultural code of blood revenge and its modern remnants shape irregular warfare. Despite being a common driver of communal violence, blood revenge has received little attention from scholars. With many civil wars and insurgencies occurring in areas where the custom lingers, strengthening our understanding of blood revenge is essential for discerning how conflicts change and evolve. Drawing upon extensive multidisciplinary evidence, this book is the first in the literature on civil war and insurgency to analyse the impact of blood revenge and its modern remnants on irregular warfare. Even when blood revenge undergoes erosion, its unregulated version still shapes the social fabric of insurgency, although in different ways than its institutionalised counterpart. At times of political instability, the presence of a culture of retaliation weighs heavily on the dynamics of violent mobilisation, target selection, rTable of Contents1. Introduction 2. Conceptualising Blood Revenge 3. The Erosion of Blood Revenge in Modern Society 4. The Role of Blood Revenge in Irregular Warfare 5. The Erosion of Blood Revenge in Irregular Warfare 6. Conclusion

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This book addresses key aspects relating to the use of international sanctions by assembling contributions from different fields of expertise with a view to providing readers with an interdisciplinary perspective.Unilateral or plurilateral restrictive measures, commonly referred to as sanctions, by States or regional organizations have been acquiring an enormous practical importance in the last decades, leading also to the institution of a European Union's sanctioning mechanism of its own. In addition to that, the war in Ukraine, triggered by the Russian aggression, has given them an unprecedented visibility, including in the mainstream media. The matter nevertheless remains particularly complex, given its diverse implications from a legal as well as from an economic-financial point of view, and not least in a political perspective. This book follows up the workshop that was held at the University of Florence on 9-10 December 2021 and collects original contributions from promising o

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Book SynopsisThis book explains the history and development of the military design movement, featuring case studies from key modern militaries.Written by a practitioner, the work shows how modern militaries think and arrange actions in time and space for security affairs, and why designers are disrupting, challenging, and reconceptualizing everything previously upheld as sacred on the battlefield. It is the first book to thoroughly explain what military design is, where it came from, and how it works at deep, philosophically grounded levels, and why it is potentially the most controversial development in generations of war fighters. The work explains the tangled origins of commercial design and that of designing modern warfare, the rise of various design movements, and how today's military forces largely hold to a Newtonian stylization built upon mimicry of natural science infused with earlier medieval and religious inspirations. Why does our species conceptualize war as such, and how do Trade Review'Americans don’t win wars anymore. Recent events, to include the ugly end in Afghanistan and the mess in Iraq, confirm this sad reality. But it doesn’t have to be this way. Combat veteran and scholar Ben Zweibelson has thought deeply about the subject. In Understanding the Military Design Movement, he diagnoses what went wrong, how it got so mixed up, and most importantly, what to do about it. It’s past time for Americans to figure out how to win when we are forced to fight. Ben Zweibelson shows us the way.'Lieutenant General (ret.) Daniel P. Bolger, PhD, U.S. Army, Retired, USA'I have known Dr. Ben Zweibelson for a number of years and have met him in my role as a Strategic Design Sponsor during the World class Design education provided by Dr. Zweibelson and his team members. These dynamic encounters have provided me with a much wider and yet more creative perspective on complex problem solving leading to enhanced strategic and systemic thinking. Moreover, I feel encouraged to continue to reflect "on the move'' and ultimately be more innovative as well as more non-linear in my approach to complex security challenges. Military Design can be tricky to comprehend and I have come to learn that you ’Do’ Design and Exploration. Yet, to be more complete, and since the Design movement has just started to march, there has been a missing piece of the design puzzle in the form of a written theoretical backdrop. With this impactful book full of important insights, Dr. Zweibelson as the pathfinder he is, guides and provides academics, researchers, educators, practitioners and students of Design, a vast, broad and highly relevant theoretical foundation in Design which will help us appreciate and navigate in this infinite and complex environment we are surrounded by. This is a book both for the present as well as for the future.'Lieutenant General Michael Claesson, Commander Joint Forces Command, Swedish Armed Forces, Sweden'War and commerce traveled parallel paths in the 20th century. While monopolies based on new technology dominated the first half, by the dawn of the 21st century, many of those same technologies had been commoditized. This leveled the playing field, giving rise to asymmetrical advantages encouraged, for example, by the cloud in commercial contexts, or terror in a war setting. Technical differentiation, when it does exist, is no longer a determining factor in victory; rather, it is an organization’s adaptability based on ad hoc collaboration among human actors that is now the difference between success and failure. Because the human actor and their real-time decision-making capabilities are the keys to this adaptability, human-centered design becomes the most powerful tool to make sense of this new landscape. In this important book, Dr. Zweibelson provides the historical and academic underpinnings of human-centered design — pioneered and scaled most effectively in the commercial sector — and describes in detail how this tool can now be used in military contexts. It’s a foundational text; essential reading for everyone working to defend against the adaptable threat posture of our modern world.'Phil Gilbert, Retired Head of Design, IBM Corporation'Truly a landmark treatise from a master craftsman and practitioner! Dr. Zweibelson not only describes design across time and space but makes a bold and necessary call for more. He pierces the fog and friction of design, capturing its essence while describing its varied growth and application. In laying out this vast landscape he cogently illuminates what is still missing and the deadly temptation to hold on to the stale industrial tools of yesterday. Ultimately, he drives home that our tomorrows depend on what we do today…to get better at being "comfortable with being uncomfortable," to change how we think and learn, and to bring about that which did not yet exist in order to bring about a better peace.'Major General Brook J. Leonard, Chief of Staff, United State Space Command, USA'Change in the Profession of Arms is a Constant. The global foreign policy landscape evolves, reacts and resets, creating a need to adapt to a rapidly changing security and defence environment where potential adversaries have learned and adapted from the Western Way of Warfare with "Below the threshold of Armed Conflict" competition or contest; driving a need for innovation and rationalization of ‘How We Think’ and ‘How We Plan’. Through this book, Dr. Ben Zweibelson, captures the various roads and obstacles to adopting a Design Thinking Mindset able to tackle the demands of a volatile, uncertain, complex and ambiguous security environment. Ben, a practitioner grounded by operational and field experience enhanced by Academic rigour and foresight, delivers a design thinking journey for any member of the profession of Arms or Academics. Design thinking now forms the basis for modern military thought and our ability to adapt or perish. Those who do not wish to be left behind would gain from reading this book and reflect on simple, complicated, complex and chaos problem solving tools.'Major General Simon Bernard, Director-General Military Personnel – (Strategic and Canadian Armed Forces, Ambassador to the Archipelago of Design)'From its origins in the Israel Defense Forces, military design thinking has developed over the past two decades into a vibrant global intellectual movement that has gained an ever-growing cohort of adherents through its promise to disrupt and overhaul inflexible habits of thought within the armed forces and create the conditions for the perpetual innovation necessary in a tumultuous and dangerous world. As its leading proponent and intellectual contributor, Ben Zweibelson has with Understanding the Military Design Movement delivered a comprehensive and essential account of its history, fundamental tenets, and future prospects. An indispensable reference work for all military designers and readers interested in creativity in war.'Dr. Antoine Bousquet, Associate Professor, Swedish Defence University, Sweden'The modern military industrial command and control complex has been characterized as a total system of networked communications, material technologies and service personnel whose internal coherence is designed to occupy a designated space (a market, a nation state, a war zone, a region, the stratosphere) utterly, and completely. The strategic objective is one of securing primacy amongst competing systems in order to counteract what Eisenhower called the "disastrous rise of misplaced power". Ben Zweibelson’s book offers a sustained and provocative inquiry into the reasons why such a strategy and design is flawed. The flaws lay with the unchecked ambition and arrogance that such a strategy can encourage. The enemy does not have a monopoly on misplaced power. Yet by breaking down common epistemological assumptions (power need not come from control, nor control from power) Zweibelson goes further in his analysis. He offers a compelling account of why it is nearly all attempts at imposing a pre-planned design from above, no matter how well intentioned, will fail. Though many strategists and leaders would like to reduce the world to a calculable coherence of forces that can be subjected to strong willed direction, the world keeps refusing to comply. It is in accepting the unruliness of events that Zweibelson’s ideas gain their heft. He provides his readers with alternative design strategies, ones that no longer rely on the cybernetic myth of perfect and transparent system feedback, ones whose effectiveness and force rests with qualities of agility, sensitivity, invisibility and even humility. In the wake of recent military events, it seems to be imperative to attend to Zweibelson’s arguments with due seriousness: not because they offer neat and complete solutions, but precisely because they refuse them.'Professor Robin Holt, Copenhagen Business School, Denmark'Despite compelling lessons from centuries of victory and failure, the painstaking testing, refinement and practice of decision-making doctrine, and a profound level of investment in professional military education and training, delivering predictable strategic outcomes in conflict and war remain elusive to even the most advanced defense forces. As new challenges such as threats from non-state transnational actors or the complexities of pan-domain command and control continue to emerge and evolve, we must remain ever-resolved to continue critical self-reflection of how we think and make decisions, and the search for new ways. Dr. Ben Zweibelson’s Understanding the Military Design Movement does exactly that by capturing his insights uncovered through years of obsessive review and fearless consideration of what design theories, models and methods can bring to military operations. This is a must read for every military professional, defense academic and conflict armchair quarterback that knows there must be a better way.'Brigadier General Kevin Whale, Deputy Commanding General- Transformation, at Space Operations Command, US Space Force, USA'This is a fascinating new work for all studying the art of making war. In a refreshing approach, Understanding the Military Design Movement focuses on cognition and explores important issues related to ‘how’ to think about making war, rather than didactically advocating ‘what’ to think. This book is really two books elegantly intertwined. The first examines the challenges of introducing new ideas to contemporary military forces and the many difficulties for them that cognitive innovation brings. Importantly, this examination is across several different militaries, all with valuable insights to provide. The second is about the evolution of military design from its origins in commercial enterprises; to the sudden demands for new thinking arising during the Iraq War of the 2000s; and on into today and tomorrow. Most usefully, this part critically evaluates this evolution, finding the process somewhat mixed, good and poor ideas have arisen and been incorporated with varying success. This is a work of considerable sophistication and nuance and which, perhaps surprisingly for a work in this genre, grips the reader. The author’s passion leaps out and brings a sense of excitement that ensnares. This book will be a primary text for newcomers to military design but equally be a work that experts will want to return to, each time finding fresh insights and visions of what should be. The book offers much for military professionals, defence policymakers, thinktanks, staff colleges, academics and all concerned with understanding how to think about applying military power in the modern world.'Dr. Peter Layton, Griffith Asia Institute, Griffith University, Australia and the Royal United Services Institute, UK'Ben Zweibelson provides a bold attempt at creating something that is needed but does not yet exist. That is, a bold attempt at giving justice to the emerging field of design for defence and security purposes across selected NATO members and partners. Zweibelson excels in tentatively charting the uncharted: he brings forth a philosophy of knowledge to better locate and position this field in contrast to traditional planning and commercial design. If only for this reason, this book will become a seminal reference. Yet this book is so much more. It is a foundation manifesto giving credibility to design for defence and security purposes as a full-fledged field of study and practice.'Dr. Philippe Beaulieu-Brossard, Canadian Forces College and Co-Executive President of the Archipelago of Design, Canada'Teaching Design and applying it in security contexts, to those few who held both positions, is a recurring cycle of triumphs and failures. Despite appearing to be a common practice within whole of government organizations recently, the path of design in defense was paved by individuals who, regardless of institutional sponsoring, invested their totality in the intellectual, political and organizational advancement of the field. Picking upon where the pioneers of military design left off, there is no other person more identified with the spread of security design globally than Dr. Zweibelson, and for good reasons. A prolific scholar, passionate educator, capable operator and skillful diplomat, Ben Zweibelson has positioned himself favorably in writing Understanding the Military Design Movement to capture the essence of the security design movement, both theoretically and practically, through a comparable evaluation of and reflection on the changing generations of military design; and, the transcontinental military cultures that adopted it. An instrumental study that will undoubtedly solidify that field once and for all.'Dr. Ofra Graicer, Co-Founder and Instructor, the Israeli Defense Force’s Generals’ Course 'Ben Zweibelson is among the leading theorists of this important design field. He also works as a practitioner of military design, first as a field grade officer in the United States Army, now as a senior civilian in the United States Space Force. If you think about design in today’s complex and complicated world, Understanding the Military Design Movement: War, Change, and Innovation will challenge you to think about design in significant and useful ways.'Professor Ken Friedman, Chair Professor of Design Innovation Studies, College of Design and Innovation, Tongji University, China'Unless we know where have been, it is impossible to chart an effective war forward. With Understanding the Military Design Movement, Ben Zweibelson does exactly that. The acknowledged leader of the global military design movement, Ben leads us through the military design journey from where we were to where we are today and in doing so provides us a vision of the way forward. Moreover, recognizing no system exists in isolation, he leads us along several intertwined journeys of developing design, from its origins in the commercial sector to the U.S. Army post-Cold War to the Marine Corps to the Israeli Defense Forces to Canada and Australia, illustrating the impact each design effort had on the others, as well as the true globalization of military design. B.H. Liddel-Hart famously suggested, "The only thing harder than getting a new idea into a military mind is getting an old idea out." Ben documents how in the military design movement this challenge still exists today, but can be overcome through creative thinking, collaboration and practice by a small community of visionaries and dedicated professionals. His exhaustive examination of "why design" and "how to design" should be read and understood by all leaders, public and private sector, who desire to take their organization to the next level.' Colonel (ret.) James K. Greer, PhD, Former Director of the U.S. Army School of Advanced Military Studies (2001-2003), Assistant Professor at SAMS 2019-present'Ben Zweibelson tells an important story about a concept that continues to influence military doctrine AND actual operations. This is a superb book.'Colonel (ret) Kevin C.M. Benson, PhD. Former Director of the U.S. Army School of Advanced Military Studies (2003-2007)'The world seems to be an increasingly a confusing place, where the usual tools and mindsets do not seem to work any longer. Those who seek new ways of understanding complexity, and experiment with unconventional methods will most likely thrive. There is much to learn from the military, and those veterans, who also have a deep academic understanding, like Dr. Ben Zweibelson. In his must-read book, he does not just explain how and why design theory can help us in finding the way in the contemporary complex environment, but also provides a glimpse of what the future holds. His book is not only an inspiration to military planners but a useful guide to all leaders, academics, researchers, and practitioners of Design who are looking for the new normal.'Brigadier General Imre Porkolab (Hungarian Special Forces) – Deputy Armament Director for Research Development and Innovation, Hungary'Veteran and security design expert, Dr. Ben Zweibelson has written a must-read analysis on how and why design theory constitutes the evolution of modern military thinking. He lucidly explains the limits of the current western approach to conceive and plan military operations and delineates how and why design praxis can address the security demands of future conflicts. This deeply researched book provides a compelling narrative about the challenges of applying postmodern design theory to the western military world, while also offering an invaluable account on the military design movement’s origins and implementation across the countries which spearheaded this concept. Zweibelson’s unparalleled experience as a security design student and team leader clearly comes out in this superb book, which is going to inspire future military leaders and planners.'Lieutenant General Italian Army (ret.) Maurizio Boni, former Deputy Commander Allied Rapid Reaction Force, Chief of Staff NATO Rapid Reaction Corps Italy, ItalyTable of ContentsIntroduction: An Introduction to the Military Design Movement 1. Designing Commerce, Designing War: Of Chickens, Eggs and Hand Grenades 2. Premodern, Modern, and Postmodern War Designs 3. The Birth of Military Design: Heresy, Innovation and Betrayal in Israel 4. Design Comes to America: The Army Assimilation of SOD 5. Marine Design Methodology: From Innovation to Indoctrination in Two Decades 6. The Design Phoenix Rises from the Ashes: Israeli SOD Reborn 7. Designing Further Afield in Canada and Australia Conclusion: The Destruction of Old Monsters by New Ones: A Design Insurgency Continues

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This book explains the history and development of the military design movement, featuring case studies from key modern militaries.Written by a practitioner, the work shows how modern militaries think and arrange actions in time and space for security affairs, and why designers are disrupting, challenging, and reconceptualizing everything previously upheld as sacred on the battlefield. It is the first book to thoroughly explain what military design is, where it came from, and how it works at deep, philosophically grounded levels, and why it is potentially the most controversial development in generations of war fighters. The work explains the tangled origins of commercial design and that of designing modern warfare, the rise of various design movements, and how today's military forces largely hold to a Newtonian stylization built upon mimicry of natural science infused with earlier medieval and religious inspirations. Why does our species conceptualize war as such, and how do

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Book SynopsisThe IISS Strategic Dossier China's Belt and Road Initiative provides a geopolitical and geo-economic assessment of President Xi Jinping's flagship foreign-policy initiative. The dossier explores the Belt and Road Initiative's role in China's domestic industrial strategy and in the country's growing influence around the world. It studies how Beijing's ambitions, management and financing of the initiative have evolved since its launch in 2013. In addition, the volume reflects on the future of China's initiative following the COVID-19 pandemic.The dossier is organised around a region by region assessment of what Beijing has sought to achieve in different countries and how the Belt and Road Initiative has played out over time. The volume examines recipient countries' responses to the Belt and Road Initiative and how these have affected it. It also looks at responses from other global and regional powers to China's economic activities around the world and offers thoughts onTable of ContentsIntroduction 1. Strategy: China’s Evolving Ambitions 2. Management: From Disorder to Direction 3. Financing: State Capitalism Overseas 4. Regions: Introduction and Comparison Conclusion

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Book SynopsisThis book offers the first comprehensive study of defence offsets and its economic, security, political and theoretical implications.Originating in the second half of the 19th century, defence offsets - additional economic, industrial and technological benefits to states for buying foreign weapons - have since been a key feature of the global arms trade and defence industry. And yet, offsets are an under-researched and under-theorised phenomenon. This book fills this gap in the literature by offering the first general theory of defence offsets, as well as the first systematic analysis of the offset phenomenon. By building on the insights of scholars of defence economics and drawing from the International Relations liberal paradigm, as well as reviving and adapting Robert Putnam's two-level game framework, the book proposes a liberal-rationalist theory of defence offsets. It then proves the worth of such a theory through Qualitative Comparative Analysis (QCA) of fifty-four figTrade Review'Jonata Anicetti’s treatment of defence offset is both novel and refreshing. A liberalist-rationalist theoretical framework is employed to critically evaluate the conceptual, historical and contemporary application of offset. In particular, the author examines the offset performance of fighter aircraft programmes by reference to Brazilian, Indian and South Korean case studies, and poses questions as to why offset was sought, why the respective offset packages proved so materially different and why the goal of ‘strategic partnership’ was not a generic outcome. The book represents a huge contribution to knowledge and is a must-read by all scholars of defence-related technology management.'Ron Matthews, Chair, Defence and Security Capability at Rabdan Academy, Abu Dhabi, and Visiting Professor in Defence Economics at Cranfield University at the UK Defence Academy, UK'Jonata Anicetti's defence offset study is very timely and reflects a need to better understand this persistent and demand driven practice in defence procurement. His deep analysis of the significant Korean, Indian and Brazilian defence acquisition programs, together with a survey of the breadth of offset transactions in aerospace, present for the first time a holistic analysis in his liberalist-rationalist approach. The importance of the work is as much in the powerful policy options it shows are clearly available to governments, as in the new directions in defence and industrial policy research opened by these thorough and well researched papers.'Rodrik Cave, Publisher, Countertrade & Offset (CTO), London, UKTable of ContentsIntroduction 1. Everything You Need to Know About Defence Offsets: Ontology, History, Politics, and Trends 2. Toward a Liberal-Rationalist Theory of Defence Offsets 3. Performing QCA Analysis on 54 FGA Transfers 4. Brazil’s FX(2) Fighter Aircraft Competition 5. India’s MMRCA Tender: The ‘Mother of All Defence Deals’ 6. South Korea’s F-X3 Conclusions

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Book SynopsisThis book improves our understanding of battlefield coalitions, providing novel theoretical and empirical insight into their nature and capabilities, as well as the military and political consequences of their combat operations. The volume provides the first dataset of battlefield coalitions, uses primary sources to understand how non-state actors of varying types form such groupings, reports interviews with policymakers illuminating North Atlantic Treaty Organization operations, and uses cases studies of various wars waged throughout the nineteenth, twentieth, and twenty-first centuries to understand how other such collectives have operated. Part I introduces battlefield coalitions as an object of study, demonstrating how they are distinct from other wartime collectives. Using a novel dataset of actors fighting in 492 battles during interstate wars waged between 1900 and 2003, it provides, for the first time, a comprehensive portrait of the universe of battlefield coalitionsTrade Review'Many wars are fought by alliances and coalitions, yet we have very little systematic study of how such groupings fight together on the battlefield. Cappella Zielinski and Grauer amass a terrific team of analysts to ask and answer important questions about how wartime cooperation works or fails on the ground.'Stephen Saideman, Carleton University, Canada'Understanding Battlefield Coalitionsis an impressive effort to consider the political and operational challenges of an increasingly common aspect of war-fighting. This theoretically and empirically rich collection of studies improves our understanding of modern warfare and sets an agenda for future research.'Brett Ashley Leeds, Rice University, USATable of ContentsPart I: Introducing Battlefield Coalitions 1. Battlefield Coalitions: Preparation, Organisation, Execution 2. A Century of Coalitions in Battle: Incidence, Composition, and Performance, 1900-2003 Part II: Preparation 3. Exercising Escalation: Do Multinational Military Exercises Provoke Interstate Security Crises? 4. When the Coalition Determines the Mission: NATO’s Detour in Libya Part III: Organisation 5. Battlefield Coalitions as International Institutions: A Conceptual Framework 6. Command and Military Effectiveness in Rebel and Hybrid Battlefield Coalitions 7. Learning from Losing: How Defeat Shapes Coalition Dynamics in Wartime Part IV: Execution 8. Regime Type, War Aims, and Coalition Member Effort in Combat 9. Why Rebels Rely on Terrorists: The Persistence of the Taliban--al-Qaeda Battlefield Coalition in Afghanistan 10. Coalitions and Wartime Diplomacy: Speaking with One Voice Part V: Looking Ahead 11. Next Steps in the Study of Battlefield Coalitions

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Book SynopsisThis book on the economics of defence industry assesses a series of historical and contemporary case studies that consistently demonstrate the need for governments to recognise, and thereafter factor, the financial needs of a narrow industrial sector that is capital intensive, technologically advanced and that requires a highly skilled labour force.Since the end of the cold war, Western governments have systematically reduced financial support to their domestic defence industry and have seemingly ignored planning and funding industrial mobilisation. In all cases, government policy has been to encourage industries to consolidate capacity to become financially viable in a sector that has seen diminished demand. The 2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine has caused Western governments to reassess their previous assumptions. Efforts to increase industrial capacity have been met with the iron laws of economics whereby businesses need to show return on investments. The chapters in this vTable of ContentsIntroduction—The economics of defense industry: contemporary prospects and challenges Part 1: Historical perspectives 1. Defence procurement in perspective: what the history of the aircraft industry can tell us about UK defence procurement 2. Why the Turkish defense industry between 1919 and 1950 failed? 3. The Czech defence and security industry: taking the pulse to an ailing man 4. Defence industry in Iran - between needs and real capabilities 5. The decline of South Africa’s defence industry 6. The Greek defence industry: from crisis to equilibrium 7. Addressing the “headwinds” faced by the European arms industry Part 2: Defence industrial policies and practices 8. Success and failures of the Gripen offsets in the Visegrad Group countries 9. Clustering in defence-related procurement: the case of a Belgian naval construction cluster 10. Make or buy? Explaining diverging frigate procurement approaches in Denmark and Norway 11. The challenges in buyer-supplier relationship for technological absorption capability in international defence acquisition: the case of Southeast Asia Conclusion: Economics of Defense Industry

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Book SynopsisHeritage, Conflict, and Peace-Building examines the possibilities arising from, and challenges associated with, transforming heritage from a casualty of conflict into an opportunity for peacebuilding.The contributors to this book, who hail from academia and practice, present case studies that shed light on the multifaceted factors and conditions influenced by diplomacy, nationalism, victimhood, and the roles of diverse institutional actors in fostering peace. They demonstrate the possibilities and pitfalls of the work heritage does for local communities, the nation-state, and the international community, when these different actors and their peace aspirations and agendas intersect. Looking at heritage and peace processes on all continents, the contributions in this volume amount to a compelling analytical account of how the discourses of heritage and peace connect, overlap, and diverge. They also emphasise that our shared aspiration for peace should not be taken for gr

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Book SynopsisSurvival, the IISS's bimonthly journal, challenges conventional wisdom and brings fresh, often controversial, perspectives on strategic issues of the moment.In this issue: Hans Binnendijk and David C. Gompert assess that Sino-US talks on nuclear stability should start with a nuclear no-first-use declaration Irene Mia argues that fiscal constraints might prevent new leftist governments in Latin America from implementing their policy pledges Agnieszka Gehringer makes the case that the EU will benefit in the longer term from reducing its economic dependency on China Jean-Yves Haine observes that the Ukraine crisis may be more dangerous than the Cuban Missile Crisis insofar as Vladimir Putin considers Ukraine strategically crucial to Russia Cesare Merlini believes that the legacies of Henry Kissinger and Jean Monnet may help us to Trade Review‘In a world of complex security challenges the need for serious, thoughtful analysis is greater than ever. Survival’s combination of elegant writing and rigorous scholarship from the world’s top experts makes it essential reading for both practitioners and academics.’ Professor Sir Lawrence Freedman, War Studies King's College London Table of ContentsSurvival 65.1 (February–March 2023), pp. 1–184 Towards Nuclear Stewardship with China Rethinking Arms Control with a Nuclear North Kore Can the Left Deliver Change in Latin America? The Crowded Red Sea Noteworthy Europe’s Fragile Unity Calibrating the EU’s Trade Dependency Kindred Crises? Cuba 1962, Ukraine 2022 The Resilience Requirement: Responding to China’s Rise as a Technology Power Kissinger and Monnet: Realpolitik and Interdependence in World Affairs Gambling the World: The Cuban Missile Crisis Revisited Book Reviews Russia and Eurasia Africa Asia-Pacific The Weakness of Indispensable Leaders

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Book SynopsisA Short Introduction to Geospatial Intelligence explains the newest form of intelligence used by governments, commercial organizations, and individuals. Geospatial intelligence combines late 20th century historically derived ways of thinking and early 21st century technologies of GIS, GPS, digital imaging satellites and communications satellites to identify, measure, and analyze the current risk in the world.These ways of thinking have developed from military engineering, cartography, photointerpretation, and imagery analysis. While the oldest example dates back to the early 16th century, all the ways of spatial thinking share the common thread of being developed and refined during conflicts to help military leaders make informed decisions prior to action. In the 21st century thanks in great part to advances in digital precision technology, miniaturization, and the commercialization of satellites these ways of thinking have expanded from the military into various othTable of Contents1: The Genome of GEOINT 2: Envisioning 3: Discovery 4: Recording 5: Comprehending 6: Tracking 7: Contemporary Geospatial Intelligence 8: Future Issues for GEOINT

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Book SynopsisThe 9/11 attacks, as well as the ones in Madrid, London, Paris and Brussels; the genocides in Nazi Germany, Rwanda and Cambodia; the torture in dictatorial regimes; the wars in former Yugoslavia, Syria and Iraq and currently in Ukraine; the sexual violence during periods of conflict, all make us wonder: why would anyone do something like that? Who are these people? Drawing on 30 years of research, in this book Alette Smeulers explores the perpetrators of mass atrocities such as war crimes, crimes against humanity, genocide and terrorism. Examining questions of why people kill and torture and how mass atrocities can be explained, Smeulers presents a typology of perpetrators, with different ranks, roles and motives.Devoting one chapter to each type of perpetrator, the book combines insights from academic research with illustrative case studies of well-known perpetrators, from dictators to middlemen, to lower ranking officials and terrorists. Their stories are explored in depth Trade Review"In this ground-breaking volume, Prof. Smeulers summarizes findings of three decades of research on perpetrators of mass atrocities. On the basis of her extensive database, she developed an original classification of more than a dozen types of perpetrators. Surprisingly, this typology manages to unlock the door to a new and differentiated understanding of evil as specific human weaknesses that allow certain manifestations of violence to occur. In doing so, she offers the international criminal justice system a new instrument to assess levels of responsibility for crimes against humanity, genocide, war crimes and terrorism."Prof. em. Alex P. Schmid, former Research Coordinator of PIOOM the Interdisciplinary Research Programme on Root Causes of Human Rights Violations."This is an outstanding book. It classifies high level perpetrators of extreme mass violence, the killing of large numbers of people, such as the Criminal Mastermind, the Careerist, the Fanatic, the True Believer, altogether 14 categories. It gives detailed examples of each type, from varied countries, describing their life histories and actions. The book is highly informative, easy to read, a tremendous contribution to the literature on atrocities."Ervin Staub, Professor Emeritus of Psychology, author of The Roots of Evil, Overcoming Evil, and The Roots of Goodness and Resistance to Evil. "Smeuler’s typology of perpetrators of mass atrocities authoritatively deconstructs the criminal pyramid to unfold the role(s) played by each actor in the spiral leading to the Unthinkable. Building a bridge to the courtroom, Smeulers’ typology is key to apprehend individual criminal responsibility. A must-read for international criminal law practitioners."Caroline Fournet, Professor of Law at the University of Exeter and Editor-in-Chief of International Criminal Law Review."Alette Smeulers has written an amazing book that is a must-read for scholars and policy makers in the field of atrocity crimes and human rights in general. Drawing on her previous work about persons engaged in extreme violence and serious human rights violations, she has now produced an extensive and innovative typology of perpetrators. Each of them contains activities, justifications, personality traits and the social context of specific offenders and their offences. This book hugely increases the readers' understanding of the who, why and how of the heinous crimes committed, and also provide very valuable options for the repression and prevention of such behaviour."Stephan Parmentier, Professor of Criminology and Human Rights at KU Leuven, and Specialized in Political Crimes and Transitional Justice'In this ground-breaking volume, Prof. Smeulers summarizes findings of three decades of research on perpetrators of mass atrocities. On the basis of her extensive database, she developed an original classification of more than a dozen types of perpetrators. Surprisingly, this typology manages to unlock the door to a new and differentiated understanding of evil as specific human weaknesses that allow certain manifestations of violence to occur. In doing so, she offers the international criminal justice system a new instrument to assess levels of responsibility for crimes against humanity, genocide, war crimes and terrorism.'Prof. em. Alex P. Schmid, former Research Coordinator of PIOOM the Interdisciplinary Research Programme on Root Causes of Human Rights Violations.'This is an outstanding book. It classifies high level perpetrators of extreme mass violence, the killing of large numbers of people, such as the Criminal Mastermind, the Careerist, the Fanatic, the True Believer, altogether 14 categories. It gives detailed examples of each type, from varied countries, describing their life histories and actions. The book is highly informative, easy to read, a tremendous contribution to the literature on atrocities. Ervin Staub, Professor Emeritus of Psychology, Author of 'The Roots of Evil'; 'Overcoming Evil'; and 'The Roots of Goodness and Resistance to Evil'. 'Smeuler’s typology of perpetrators of mass atrocities authoritatively deconstructs the criminal pyramid to unfold the role(s) played by each actor in the spiral leading to the Unthinkable. Building a bridge to the courtroom, Smeulers’ typology is key to apprehend individual criminal responsibility. A must-read for international criminal law practitioners.' Caroline Fournet is Professor of Law at the University of Exeter and Editor-in-Chief of the International Criminal Law Review.Table of ContentsIntroduction 1.The Criminal Mastermind 2.The Fanatic 3.The Careerist 4.The Devoted Warrior 5.The Professional 6.The True Believer 7.The Holy Warrior 8.The Avenger 9.The Profiteer 10.The Criminal 11.The Predator 12.The Deranged 13.The Follower 14.The Compromised Conclusion

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Book SynopsisThis volume presents a collection of diplomatic documents describing Britain's relations with Eastern Europe from 1979 to 1982, with special focus on the crisis in Poland.After coming to power in 1979, the Conservative Government of Margaret Thatcher reaffirmed a policy of differentiation' between the Soviet Union and the rest of Eastern Europe, and between individual countries; concurrently it encouraged states to exercise a limited amount of independence. This policy was soon put to the test when in 1980 Solidarnosc, the Solidarity trade union led by Lech Walesa, challenged the power of the Party state in Poland. Political demands, social unrest and economic crisis culminated in the imposition of martial law in December 1981, finally suspended in December 1982. The volume maps the UK response, in consultation with Western partners, to the unfolding crisis in Poland, the threat of Soviet intervention and the impact on other Communist states iTable of ContentsPrefaceI: ‘Differentiation’ and the emergence of Solidarity: 18 September 1979 — 10 December 1981II: The imposition of martial law in Poland: 13 December 1981 — 23 December 1982

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Book SynopsisThis volume documents the UK Government's response to the unfolding social and political changes in Eastern Europe during 1989.The year 1989 saw momentous change in Europe. It was the year in which Communist rule in Eastern Europe finally ended: with mass demonstrations, an end to one-Party rule, free elections and the opening of borders. In Poland, the independent trade union Solidarity went from being an illegal organisation to running the country. Vaclav Havel went from being a jailed dissident to President of Czechoslovakia. In October 1989, the German Democratic Republic marked the 40th anniversary of the Socialist state, only to see that state collapse a month later following the opening of the Berlin Wall. In December, the Romanian leader Nicolae Ceausescu saw his near quarter century rule brought to an end in a matter of days. This volume charts the events of an historic year in Bulgaria, Czechoslovakia, the GDR, Hungary, Poland and Romania, and looks at BriTable of ContentsPreface Abbreviations for Printed Sources Abbreviated Designations List of Persons Document Summaries 1. Britain and the Revolutions in Eastern Europe, 1989

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Book SynopsisThe Asia-Pacific Regional Security Assessment examines key regional security issues relevant to the policy-focused discussions of the IISS Shangri-La Dialogue, Asia's premier defence summit convened by the International Institute for Strategic Studies. It is published and launched at the Dialogue and the issues analysed within its covers are central to discussions at the event. Since February 2022, the war in Ukraine has provided a bleak backdrop for discussions about international security. While the war has affected many aspects of security and defence in the Asia-Pacific, the region also has its own dynamics, and important security-related developments have occurred there since the invasion. Among these, China's ever-growing power and increasingly assertive posture remain the leading long-term challenges for the region. This tenth edition of the Asia-Pacific Regional Security Assessment contains an introduction and six chapters, authored by IISS expertTable of ContentsIntroductionChapter 1: War in Ukraine and the Asia-Pacific Balance of PowerChapter 2: Strained US–China Relations and the Growing Threat to TaiwanChapter 3: Asia-Pacific Naval and Maritime Capabilities: the New Operational DynamicsChapter 4: China’s Belt and Road Initiative a Decade onChapter 5: Japan Steps Up: Security and Defence Policy Under KishidaChapter 6: Conflict in Myanmar and the International ResponseIndex

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Book SynopsisThis book examines hybrid threats within the broader context of a security crisis in Europe.As geopolitical tensions increase and great power rivalries intensify, can states protect their communities? While conventional wars are fought, parallel battles take place by more subtle and non-violent means. This multi-disciplinary book examines how hybrid threats undermine political governance and social stability in liberal democracies, covering aggressors, targeted states and victimized communities. It seeks to address how aggressor states undermine liberal democracies under the threshold of conflict, and the role played by hybrid threats as aggressor states prepare for full-scale war. The chapters also explore how liberal democracies organize and interact to detect hybrid threats, arguing that, in order to increase resilience, politicians and government agencies must involve the private sector and citizens in threat-reduction policies. The analysis builds upon the latest researc

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Book SynopsisThis book examines the interplay between sanctions and nuclear disarmament and non-proliferation.The volume aims to tackle three separate but closely intertwined issues: It aims to revisit the debate on, and deconstruct the concept of, sanctions; to provide a working theoretical framework; to differentiate between positive sanctions (or incentives or carrots) and negative sanctions; to identify the actors who may initiate sanctions (i.e. states, regional, and/or international organizations); to ascertain the legality and legitimacy of such sanctions taking place; to problematize and discuss the utility of sanctions; and so on. It aims to disentangle the concepts of nuclear disarmament and non-proliferation, particularly in light of the most recent geopolitical global shifts on nuclear powers-interplay taking place in the background of the war in Ukraine and rising tensions in Southeast Asia, and so on. Finally, it aims to conjoin the cause-and-effec

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Book SynopsisPetho-Kiss and Gunaratna understand the nature of the threat posed by the far right because of their findings and they propose effective provisions and mechanisms for detecting and countering it.The book undertakes a consistent procession and empirical examination of available information to arrive at the recognition that in order to dissolve the complexity of the associated threat, we need to scrutinize the functioning of far-right threat groups. In-depth and consistent analysis on their mode of operation and mindset enables us to identify ways to detect and counter their malicious efforts and activities. The theoretical framework for the analysis lies upon the concept of wave theory. The main question that this book examines is whether far-right terrorism constitutes a new wave of global terrorism. One question emerges from this statement that requires further elaboration. Is far-right terrorism a novel wave of terrorism? If yes, how is it novel and what are the novelties o

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Book SynopsisThis book provides a comprehensive analysis of North Koreaâs nuclear strategies and of the decisions which explain its strategic motivations.The existence of two separate Koreas is an accepted outcome of the current international system. However, in todayâs emerging multipolar order, the question of Korean legitimacy remains unresolved and South Korea finds itself surrounded by three nuclear powersâ China, Russia, and, de facto, North Korea. This book traces North Koreaâs nuclear quest across three major epochs: the Cold War, the post-Cold War, and post- September 11 periods. Through these lenses, the book reveals the underlying drivers of North Koreaâs nuclear decisions and strategies, providing evidence that North Koreaâs nuclear weapons are not only intended to guarantee the survival of the Kim regime but also hold the key for Pyongyang to resolve the lingering question over Korean legitimacy. The book provides evidence, through a longitudinal case study, that North Koreaâ

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Book SynopsisThe book offers a vivid analysis of the new geopolitics in the Indo-Pacific in terms of big power rivalry between the US-China and country-wise perspectives situating largely within the late 2000s and culminates with the developments of the COVID-19 period. The great power shift, marked by the rise of China and the relative decline of the US, poses a serious challenge to the balance of power in the Indo-Pacific region and the world order in general. Ironically, the play of realism in the region is stymied by broad partnerships of key countries that utilise the liberal approaches of cooperation with both rivals the US and China. The book captures the mosaic of stakeholders rivals the US and China along with Russia; other QUAD members Australia, India, and Japan; key ASEAN members, Indonesia, Malaysia, Singapore, and Vietnam; vulnerable states in East Asia, viz. Taiwan and South Korea; and groupings including the ASEAN and QUAD that constitute the new world politics of the Indo-Pac

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Book SynopsisThis book offers a multidisciplinary examination of the international crimes committed in the Russia-Ukraine War, and the challenges of their prosecution and documentation.As the largest international armed conflict in Europe since World War II, Russiaâs war against Ukraine has provoked strong reactions and questions about the post-1945 world order, the utility of the war, and the effectiveness of international criminal justice. Throughout the chapters in this volume, scholars and legal practitioners from Canada, Germany, Poland, Ukraine, the UK, and the United States present the results of interdisciplinary research, insights from the perspective of other post-communist states, and first-hand expertise from directly working on the documentation and prosecution of these crimes. This offers a broader picture of post-Cold War relations and sheds light on the roots and nature of the war and the importance of regional approaches. The chapters also present some possible responses to the crimes committed in the conflict, with a focus on a victims-centered approach to transitional justice.This volume will be of interest to scholars and students of international criminal and humanitarian law, security studies, peace and conflict studies, and Eastern European history.An electronic version of this book is freely available, thanks to the support of libraries working with Knowledge Unlatched (KU). KU is a collaborative initiative designed to make high quality books Open Access for the public good. The Open Access ISBN for this book is 9781003493785. More information about the initiative and links to the Open Access version can be found at www.knowledgeunlatched.org

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Book SynopsisThis book considers Chinaâs recent engagement in the Middle East, to what extent its approach has fundamentally changed, and how this role change has been received by regional and other actors. Based on content analysis, qualitative interviews and archival records analysis, the author examines the evolution of Beijingâs involvement in the region. Analysis of first-hand and full-sample data contributes to the role theory literature and has important policy implications, as it points out the main difference between established powers such as the US and EU and rising extra regional powers, and sheds light on what Chinaâs growing economic, political, and strategic clout means for the geopolitical landscape of the Middle East. This text will be of interest to scholars and students of politics, international relations, Chinaâs foreign policy, and Middle Eastern and North African studies along with journalists, researchers of think tanks, analysts of investment banks and transnatio

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Book SynopsisSurvival, the IISS's bimonthly journal, challenges conventional wisdom and brings fresh, often controversial, perspectives on strategic issues of the moment.In this issue: Benjamin Rhode examines the threat of Europe's security guarantor of the past 80 years stepping back Ellen Laipson and Douglas Ollivant explore how the Gaza war has threatened Iraq's balancing act between the US and Iran Nigel Gould-Davies cautions that, despite the West's economic superiority over Russia, it is starting to look like the balance of resolve in the Ukraine war favours Russia Dana H. Allin and Jonathan Stevenson examine the mystery of why new aid for Ukraine is blocked in the US Congress in spite of bipartisan support And eight more thought-provoking pieces, as well as our regular Book Reviews and Noteworthy column.Editor: Dr Dana AllinManaging Editor: Jonathan StevensonAssociate Editor: Carolyn WestEditorial Assistant: Conor Hod

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Book SynopsisSurvival, the IISS's bimonthly journal, challenges conventional wisdom and brings fresh, often controversial, perspectives on strategic issues of the moment.In this issue: Douglas Barrie and Timothy Wright underscore the need for Washington to prioritise qualitative rather than quantitative improvements to its nuclear capabilities free to read Catherine Fieschi examines the implications of an indecisive French election Daniel Byman and Seth G. Jones explore the increasing ties between China, Russia, Iran and North Korea and obstacles to deeper cooperation Veronica Anghel and Erik Jones examine how the European Union can utilise its most powerful instrument enlargement to stabilise its peripheries And eight more thought-provoking pieces, as well as our regular Book Reviews and Noteworthy column.Editor: Dr Dana AllinManaging Editor: Jonathan StevensonAssociate Editor: Carolyn WestEditorial As

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Book SynopsisEmpowering educators and policymakers to effect positive change in their communities, this book critically examines how sustained dialogue and cooperation between scientific inquiry and religious discourse can contribute to the fostering of successful peace education initiatives.Providing an overview of the historical and cultural context of peace education in Eastern Europe, the chapters look initially at the theoretical foundations, emphasising the need for empathy, internal peace, and traditional values. Featuring contributions from the United States, Germany, Italy, Slovakia, Turkey, and Poland, subsequent sections outline ethical, moral, and religious dimensions to inform effective peace education strategies, along with a discussion on how they can be harmonised with secular approaches to provide a holistic framework for peace education. Case studies and practical applications follow, ranging from Maria Montessoriâs educational approach to the role of social media and su

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Book SynopsisThis book investigates and compares two contemporary Israeli peace movements through the angle of collective emotions, and specifically of hope.Drawing on empirical qualitative research combining interviews with Jewish and Arab-Palestinian activists and ethnographic work, the work provides unique documentation of the birth and development of Standing Together (a mixed-gender peace movement) and Women Wage Peace (a womenâs peace movement). It explores the meaning of hope for Israeli peace activists, and shows the concrete efforts that both movements undertake to trigger hope, as part of an intersectional peace politics and of a non-partisan womenâs peace politics, respectively. The book also engages with the post-October 2023 developments in the Middle East, showing how both peace movements, now followed by others in the Israeli peace camp, continue to invest in their politics of hope amid devastation, fatigue and fear. Offering a gendered typology of hope-related emotion work useful beyond the cases at hand, the book proposes that collective hope-based action, combined with other emotions, might be powerful in all contexts of despair and protracted conflicts.This book will be of interest to students of peace and conflict studies, social and peace movements, gender studies, nonviolent resistance, international relations, and Israel-Palestine/Middle East.

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Book SynopsisThe Routledge Handbook of Human Rights and Disasters provides the first comprehensive review of the role played by international human rights law in the prevention and management of natural and technological disasters.Each chapter is written by a leading expert and offers a state-of-the-art overview of a significant topic within the field. In addition to focussing on the role of human rights obligations in disaster preparedness and response, the volume offers a broader perspective by examining how human rights law interacts with other legal regimes and by addressing the challenges facing humanitarian organizations. Preceded by a foreword by the International Law Commissionâs Special Rapporteur on the Protection of Persons in the Event of Disasters, the volume is divided into four parts: Part I: Human rights law and disasters in the framework of public international law Part II: Role and application of human rights law in dTrade Review'This collection of essays is not the first enquiry on the subject-matter of international disaster law (IDL), but it is a very welcome addition to a more and more well-grounded branch in the panorama of international law practice and scholarship. The book under review brings a breath of fresh air into the debate, by addressing the issue of disasters through the human rights law lens in a comprehensive way.'--Mariangela La Manna Journal of International Humanitarian Legal Studies Table of ContentsForeword, Eduardo Valencia Ospina Part I: Human Rights Law and Disasters in the Framework of Public International Law 1.Introduction, Flavia Zorzi Giustiniani, Emanuele Sommario, Federico Casolari, Giulio Bartolini 2. A Taxonomy of Disasters in International Law, Giulio Bartolini 3. R.I.P 'R2P': On the Controversial Responsibility to Protect Doctrine and Why it Adds No Value to Disasters, Karen Da Costa 4. Assistance to Disaster Victims in an Armed Conflict: The Role of International Humanitarian Law, Sarah Williamsn and Gabrielle Simm Part II: Role and Application of Human Rights Law in Disaster Settings 5. A Right to International (Humanitarian) Assistance in Times of Disaster: Fresh Perspectives from International Human Rights Law, Marlies Hesselman 6. The Human Rights Approach of the International Law Commission in its Work on the Protection of Persons in the Event of Disasters, Ronan McDermott 7. Limitation and Derogation Provisions in International Human Rights Law Treaties and Their Use in Disaster Settings, Emmanuele Sommario 8. States’ Failure to Take Preventive Action and to Reduce Exposure to Disasters as a Human Rights Issue, Mirko Sossai 9. Integrating Human Rights into Disaster Management: Normative, Operational and Methodological Aspects, Annalisa Creta 10. Non-State Humanitarian Actors and Human Rights in Disaster Scenarios: Normative Role, Standard Setting and Accountability, Tommaso Natoli Part III: (Categories of) Rights of Particular Significance in a Disaster Context 11. Mapping Basic Subsistence Rights in Post-disaster Scenarios, Marco Inglese 12. The Human Right to Adequate Housing in Post-Disaster Contexts, Raquel Rolnik 13. Addressing Discrimination in Disaster Scenarios: An International and EU Law Perspective, Federico Casolari 14. The Right to a Healthy Environment: Delineating the Content (and Contours) of a Slippery Notion, Giovanna Adinolfi 15. The Right to Know: The Role of Transparency, Access to Information and Freedom of Expression in Overcoming Disasters, Alice Riccardi 16. Economic and Social Rights in Times of Disaster: Obligations of Immediate Effect and Progressive Realization, Ellen Nohle and Gilles Giacca 17. Cultural Rights in the Prevention and Management of Disasters, Eleni Polymenopoulou Part IV: Protection of Vulnerable Groups in Disaster Settings 18. A Human Rights–based Vulnerability Paradigm: Lessons from the Case of Displaced Women in Post-quake Haiti, Ingrid Nifosi-Sutton 19. Indigenous Communities: From Victims to Actors of Disaster Management, Kristin Hausler 20. The Protection of Migrants in Disasters, Alice Sironi and Lorenzo Guadagno 21. Temporary Protection after Disasters: International, Regional and National Approaches, Flavia Zorzi Giustiniani 22. The Nansen Initiative’s Protection Agenda for People Displaced by Disasters across Borders, Walter Kälin 23. Conclusions, Gabriella Venturini

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Book SynopsisCreating peace for a cityâs intimate enemies is harder than making war.This book is about the trajectories of urban conflict and peace in the politically polarized cities of Jerusalem and Belfast since 1994 â how sometimes there has been hopeful change while at other times debilitating stasis and regression. Based on extensive research, fieldwork, and interviews, Scott Bollens shows how seeking peace in these cities is shaped by the interaction of city-based actors and national elites, and that it is not just a political process, but a social and spatial one that takes place problematically over an extended period. He intertwines academic precision with ethnography and personal narrative to illuminate the complex political and emotional kaleidoscopes of these polarized cities. With hostility and competition among groups defined by ethnic, religious, and nationalistic identity on the increase across the world, this timely investigation contributes to our understanding of todayâs fractured cities and nations. Table of ContentsPreface List of Illustrations 1. National and Urban Co-Production of Conflict and Peace 2. Jerusalem I: Urban Spatial Changes amid Political Impasse 3. Jerusalem II: Interlocking Trajectories of National Politics and Urban Dynamics 4. Jerusalem III: The Self-Perpetuating Cycle of Israeli Hegemonic Territoriality 5. Belfast I: Building Peace in a Post-Violent Conflict City 6. Belfast II: Peacebuilding as Process - Disrupted Trajectories and Urban Outcomes 7. Belfast III: The Competing Demands of Political Stability and Urban Peacebuilding 8. Conflict and Peace: Political and Spatial Trajectories Interviews References Index

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Book SynopsisThe once numerous and vital Jewish communities of Morocco, Algeria and Tunisia have disappeared, succumbing during the past century to the assimilating temptations of French culture, or, more recently, to the pressures of migration. Only the two communities of the island of Jerba still remain. Only they have succeeded in maintaining and reproducing their religious and social institutions, in adjusting to the new realities around them while preserving intact their cultural, communal identity. This lavishly-illustrated book, first published in 1984, portrays the life and history of two Jerban Jewish villages and explores the paradoxes of their continuity. How and why are they so fully Jewish while, at the same time, so thoroughly embedded in their Muslim, North African environment? Although its focus is one small ethnic group, the implications of this study extend to the broad subject of relations between Arabs and Jews in modern times.Table of ContentsPreface. A Long History. Symbols of Identity. Communal Life: ‘Building a Wall around the Torah’. The Rhythm of Time: Being Jewish, a Full Time Activity. Ahl al-Kitab: People of the Book. Merchants and Craftsmen. Pilgrimage to Jerba. Epilogue. Images of Jerba.

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Book SynopsisCombining the insights of a seasoned practitioner with the academic rigor of a meticulous policy and risk analyst, del Castillo discusses the major obstacles to peacebuilding that need to be removed before war-torn countries can move towards peace, stability, and prosperity. As Secretary-General António Guterres assumes leadership in January 2017, a top priority must be to address the bleak peacebuilding record where over half of the countries under UN watch relapse back into conflict within a decade.While policy debate and the academic literature have focused on the security, political, and social aspects of the war-to-peace transition, this book focuses on the economic transitionthat is, economic reconstruction or the political economy of peacewhich, in the author's view, is the much-neglected aspect of peacebuilding. The book argues that rebuilding war-torn states effectively has acquired a new sense of urgency since extremist groups increasingly recruit people by pTrade Review"Graciana del Castillo's books have demonstrated that peace is far too difficult to leave to the generals, diplomats, peacekeepers, lawyers and political scientists. She shows that sustainable peace without economic transformation is close to impossible. This volume advances that important body of work, drawing crucial distinctions among the phases of economic transformation and proposing novel solutions to the persistent failure of the international community to play its proper role in the design and implementation of the political economy of peace." - Michael Doyle, University Professor, Columbia University and author of "The Question of Intervention" (Yale, 2015)"Peacebuilding is much lionized, but rarely lives up to expectations. This is doubly puzzling as the UN has been engaged in peacebuilding for several decades. This excellent, admirably compact volume explains the need for active UN peacebuilding and the multiple challenges it faces. Graciana del Castillo is an economically literate, politically acute analyst committed above all to positive results on the ground. She is uniquely qualified to decode the objectives and challenges involved having been a lead actor in peacebuilding." - Dr. David M. Malone, Rector of the United Nations University and Under-Secretary-General of the United Nations"Accessible and unencumbered by jargon, Obstacles to Peacebuilding is an authoritative, hard-hitting and unvarnished assessment of the UN’s underwhelming record when it comes to helping countries recover from war and protracted conflict. It is an excellent and timely study, covering a broad canvas of cases and pregnant with policy implications. Of interest to practitioners, scholars and students alike, this is a contribution to the literature that deserves a very wide readership." - Mats Berdal, Professor of Security and Development, King’s College London and author of "Building Peace After War" (Routledge, 2009)"Much has been learned about building peace, stability and prosperity in countries undergoing security and political reform, national reconciliation, and economic reconstruction. With her critical eye, Graciana del Castillo pulls it all together in this tightly written, insightful and compelling book." - Ambassador Enrique ter Horst, former SRSG in El Salvador and Haiti and Assistant Secretary-General in the Office of the Director-General for Development and International Economic CooperationTable of ContentsForeword by Alvaro de SotoIntroduction 1 Peacebuilding: Conceptual Framework—From An Agenda for Peace and its Supplement to An Agenda for Development 2 Economic reconstruction amid the multidisciplinary transition to peace3 The economics of war, the economics of conflict resolution, the economics of peace, the economics of development4 Economic reconstruction vs development: Evolving conceptual views5 Peacebuilding at the UN—From conceptualization to operationalization6 The peacebuilding record, lessons, and challenges7 Specific economic issues affecting peacebuilding in selected countries8 Policymaking premises for effective economic reconstruction9 Moving forward: Thinking outside the box

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Book SynopsisThis volume provides a comprehensive, up-to-date overview of the latest management and organizational research related to risk, crisis, and emergency management. It is the first volume to present these separate, but related, disciplines together. Combined with a distinctly social and organizational science approach to the topics (as opposed to engineering or financial economics), the research presented here strengthens the intellectual foundations of the discipline while contributing to the development of the field.The Routledge Companion to Risk, Crisis and Emergency Management promises to be a definitive treatise of the discipline today, with contributions from several key academics from around the world. It will prove a valuable reference for students, researchers, and practitioners seeking a broad, integrative view of risk and crisis management.Table of ContentsPart One: An Introduction to Risk, Crisis and Emergency Management 1. Risk, Crisis and Emergency Management in Enterprises and Organizations Part Two: Foundational Processes 2. Key Challenges in Crisis Management 3. Post-disaster Recovery: Pathways for Fostering Risk Reduction 4. Crisis Communication 5. Collective Fit in Emergency Response Teams Part Three: Theoretical Viewpoints and Methods 6. Risk, Crisis, and Organizational Failure: Toward a Post-Rationalist Theory 7. Risk Sensemaking 8. Issues and Trends in Research Methods: How We Learn Affects What We Learn about Crises, Risks, and Emergency Responses 9. Researching Risk, Emergency and Crisis: Taking Stock of Research Methods on Extreme Contexts and Moving Forward 10. Local Translations of Organizational Risk Part Four: Types of Crises 11. The Co-evolution of Reputation Management, Governance Capacity, Legitimacy and Accountability Crisis Management 12. Relative Risk Construction through Risk Boundaries and Rituals: The Mining Context in the Soma Disaster 13. Systemic Planetary Risks: Implications for Organization Studies 14. Event Risks and Crises: Barriers to Learning 15. Bernacer’s Topical Theory of Crisis and Unemployment 16. Risk and Human Resource Management Part Five: International Case Studies 17. Invasive Species, Risk Management, and the Compliance Industry 18. Micro-regulation of Work Processes in Airline Risk Management 19. The Risks of Financial Management: The Case of Lehmann Brothers 20. Blame and Litigation as Corporate Strategies towards Environmental Disaster: Shell in Brazil 21. Family Firms and Stakeholder Management: Crisis at Blue Bell Ice Cream 22. Risky Double Spiral Sensemaking of Academic Capitalism 23. Managing Risk in Health Care Settings 24. Buncefield Stories: Organizational Learning and Remembering for Crisis Prevention Part Six: Current Issues 25. Spatial and Temporal Patterns in Global Enterprise Risk 26. The Development of Actionable Knowledge in Crisis Management 27. The Socio-Economic Approach to Management: Preventing Crises by Harnessing Hidden Costs and Creating Sustainable Productivity 28. Why Crisis Management Must Go Global, and How to Begin Part Seven: Dialogue and Commentary on the Future of Risk, Crisis and Emergency Management 29. Making markets for Uninsured Risk: Protection Gap Entities (PGEs) as Risk-Processing Organizations in Society 30. Risks of Addressing vs. Ignoring Our Biggest Societal Problems: When and How Moon Shots Make Sense 31. Managing for the Future: A Commentary on Crisis Management Research 32. From Risk Management to (Corporate) Social Responsibility 33. Why We Need To Think More about National Political Philosophies of Risk Management 34. Supply Chain Risk: Transcending Research Beyond Disruptions 35. The Janus Faces of Risk 36. Effectiveness of Regulatory Agencies

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Book SynopsisThe Routledge Handbook of Asian Security Studies provides a detailed exploration of security dynamics in the three distinct subregions that comprise Asia, and also bridges the study of these regions by exploring the geopolitical links between each of them.The Handbook is divided into four geographical parts:Part I: Northeast AsiaPart II: South AsiaPart III: Southeast AsiaPart IV: Cross-regional IssuesThis fully revised and updated second edition addresses the significant developments which have taken place in Asia since the first edition appeared in 2009. It examines these developments at both regional and national levels, including the conflict surrounding the South China Sea, the long-standing Sino-Indian border dispute, and Pakistan's investment in tactical nuclear weapons, amongst many others.This book will be of great interest to students of Asian politics, security studies, war and conflict studies, foreTable of ContentsIntroduction, Sumit Ganguly, Andrew Scobell and Joseph Chinyong Liow PART I: Northeast Asia 1. Whither China’s 21st Century Trajectory?, Andrew Scobell 2. Sino-Japanese Rivalry and Its Consequences for Asia, Sheila A. Smith 3. North Korea’s Nuclear Weaponization Program: Background, Context, and Trends for the Future, Bruce E. Bechtol Jr 4. False Alarm: Xinjiang and China’s National Security, Yitzhak Shichor 5. Origins, Intentions, and Security Implications of Xi Jinping’s Belt and Road Initiative, Jeffrey Reeves 6. The Dynamics of Russo-Chinese Relations, Stephen Blank 7. Taiwan’s Traditional Security Challenge as a Contested State, Ming-chin Monique Chu 8. China’s Maritime Ambitions, Andrew S. Erickson PART II: South Asia 9. The Evolution of India’s Nuclear Weapons Program, Dinshaw Mistry 10. Pakistan’s Nuclear Weapons Program: Laying the Groundwork for Impunity, C. Christine Fair 11. Insurgency and Counterinsurgency in South Asia, Shivaji Mukherjee 12. India and Pakistan: Persistent Rivalry, Rajesh Basrur 13. China and India: The Evolution of a Compound Rivalry, Manjeet S. Pardesi 14. Civil-Military Relations in South Asia, Aqil Shah 15. Human Security in India, Swarna Rajagopalan 16. India and Its Great Power Aspirations, William R. Thompson PART III: Southeast Asia 17. ASEAN Centrality Tested, Mely Caballero-Anthony 18. Genealogy of Conflict: The Roots, Evolution and Trajectory of the South China Sea Disputes, Richard Javad Heydarian 19. Indonesia as a Regional Power: A Pan-Indo-Pacific Worldview, Vibhanshu Shekhar 20. Terrorism and Counterterrorism in Indonesia, Susan Sim 21. United States’ Pivot and Southeast Asia, Daniel Wei Boon Chua 22. Democratization in Southeast Asia: Social, Institutional and Security Considerations, Michael Vatikiotis 23. Assessing Peace Processes in Southeast Asia, S.P. Harish 24. Foreign Policy and Political Changes in Post-Junta Myanmar, Renard Egreteau PART IV: Cross-Regional Issues 25. The Future of Great Power Rivalry in the Indian Ocean, Iskander Rehman 26. Asian Regionalisms, David Capie 27. Anatomy of a Rivalry: China and Japan in Southeast Asia, Hoo Tiang Boon 28. The Future of Alliances in Asia, Andrew O’Neil 29. The United States and Asia: Following Through on the Pivot, Robert Sutter

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Book SynopsisLarge-scale investments in fragile states in Latin America, Africa, the former Soviet Union and Asia become magnets for conflict, which undermines business, development and security.International policy responds with regulation, state-building and institutional reform, with poor and often perverse results. Caught up in old ways of thinking about conflict and fragility, and an age-old fight over whether multinational corporations are good or bad for peaceful development, it leaves business-related conflicts in fragile states to multiply and fester.Surveying a new strategic landscape of business and conflict, Brian Ganson and Achim Wennmann conclude that neither company shareholders nor advocates for peaceful development need, or should, accept the growing cost of business-related conflict in fragile states. Drawing on decades of experience from mainstream conflict prevention and violence reduction efforts, as well as promising company practice, they showTable of ContentsIntroduction: New lenses on business and conflict in fragile states1. Predatory companies in fragile states2. Business and peaceful development in fragile states3. The changing landscape of business and conflict in fragile states4. The limits of state-building 5. Responses to conflict that workConclusion: The case for pragmatic solutions

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Book SynopsisThis book investigates the origins of civil wars which emerge from failed attempts at democratization.The main aim of this volume is to develop a theoretical explanation of the conditions under which and the mechanisms through which social movements' struggles for democracy end up in civil war. While the empirical evidence suggests that this is not a rare phenomenon, the literatures on social movements, democratization and civil wars have grown apart from each other. At the theoretical level, Social Movements and Civil War bridges insights in the three fields, looking in particular at explanations of the radicalization of social movements, the failure of democratization processes and the onset of civil war. In doing this, it builds upon the relational approach developed in contentious politics with the aim of singling out robust causal mechanisms. At the empirical level, the research provides in-depth descriptions of four cases of trajectory from social movements forTrade Review'Social Movements and Civil War is an ambitious and exceptionally original book. It analyses four cases of civil war through the prism of contentious politics and pushes our understanding of political violence forward significantly through the authors' imaginative use of the analytical concepts and tools of social movement research.' -- Niall Ó Dochartaigh, National University of Ireland'Many studies have tried to explain why nonviolent movements for democratization in authoritarian states succeed, yet much less attention has been paid to the mechanisms through which such democratic uprisings fail. This timely and important book looks into a particularly alarming type of failure: escalation into civil war. Studying the causal mechanisms in nonviolent social movements’ path to large scale political violence, the authors provide new empirical insights and a theoretical understanding of failed movement-driven democratization processes. This new book employs a compelling dynamic approach that seeks to move beyond the unfruitful dichotomy between structural and agency-based explanations which has, for too long, permeated research on nonviolent uprisings.' -- Isak Svensson, Uppsala University, Sweden'As mass uprisings in key Arab states have escalated into vicious and obdurate civil wars, this volume could not be timelier. Social Movements and Civil War is the first major work that comprehensively bridges Social Movement Theory with the study of civil war. It draws on theoretical rigor and deep empirical insights, providing sophisticated analyses of the wars in Syria, Libya, Yemen and former Yugoslavia. This book is sure to become a major reference work for those grappling with the tragedy of democratic aspirations degenerating into large-scale violence.' -- Reinoud Leenders, King’s College London, UK Table of Contents1. Social movements in civil wars: An introduction, Donatella della Porta2. Causal mechanisms in civil wars: A sensitizing map, Donatella della Porta3. Beyond Syria: Civil society in failed episodes of democratization, Teije Hidde Donker4. The failure of Libyan political transition and the descent into civil war, Emin Poljarevic5. Yemen’s failed transition: From peaceful protests to war of ‘all against all’, Bogumila Hall6. Yugoslavia: From social movement to state movement to civil war, Daniel P. Ritter7. Social movements, democratization, and civil wars: some conclusions, Donatella della Porta

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Book SynopsisIn the current climate of global military conflict and terrorism, Shakespeare at Peace offers new readings of Shakespeare's plays, illuminating a discourse of peace previously shadowed by war and violence. Using contemporary examples such as speeches, popular music, and science fiction adaptations of the plays, Shakespeare at Peace reads Shakespeare's work to illuminate current debates and rhetoric around conflict and peace. In this challenging and evocative book, Garrison and Pivetti re-frame Shakespeare as a proponent of peace, rather than war, and suggest new ways of exploring the vitality of Shakespeare's work for politics today.Table of ContentsIntroduction: "The Tide of War is Receding" 1. What’s So Funny ’Bout Peace, Love, and Understanding? 2. Make Love, Not War 3. Flower Power 4. Blowin' in the Wind 5. Another World Was Possible Afterword: War is not the Answer

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Book SynopsisThis book examines the question of how to deter a non-state terrorist actor.Can terrorism be deterred? This book argues that current research is unable to find strong cases of deterrence success, because it uses a flawed research design which does not capture the longitudinal dynamics of the process. So far, the focus of inquiry has been on the tactical elements of a state's counterterrorism strategy, instead of the non-state actor's grand strategies. By studying the campaigns of Hezbollah, the Palestinians, the Irish Republican Army, Chechens, the Kurdistan Workers'' Party, and Al-Qaeda/Taliban and ISIS over time, we can see that deterrence strategies that target the cost-benefit calculus of terrorist organizations lead to wars of attrition which is the non-state organization's strategy for victory. To escape the attrition trap, the state must undermine the attrition strategy of terrorist organizations by using offensive campaigns that become critical educational moments. TTable of ContentsIntroduction, Elli Lieberman 1. Theoretical Models of Deterring Terrorism, Elli Lieberman 2. Israel-Hezbollah: From ‘Rules of the Game’ to Deterrence Stability, Daniel Sobelman 3. Israel-PLO: From National Liberation to Deterrence Stability, Or Honig and Ido Yahel 4. Britain-PIRA: From National Liberation to Diplomacy and Peace, Rory Finegan 5. Russia-Chechnya: From National Liberation to Deterrence Stability, Tracey German 6. Reaching a Balance of Resolve: The Enduring Conflict between Turkey and the PKK, Metin Gurcan and Mustafa Cosar Unal 7. Israel-Hamas: From National Liberation to Partial Deterrence Stability, Joshua Arsenault and Or Honig 8. United States-Taliban, al-Qaeda, and ISIS: The Failure to Defeat Jihadist Terror, Arie Perliger and Matthew Sweeney Conclusion, Elli Lieberman

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Book SynopsisReflecting on the philosophical assumptions that sustain the development debate, Rabbani analyzes how the modern project of development and the antidevelopment discourse reduce the human condition to a struggle for self-preservation and, likewise, social and international cooperation to a strategic and self-defeating process. The book centers on core inconsistencies in the rationale of both discourses as they stand for individual autonomy, collective self-determination and mutual respect. Building these social goals around the requirement of 'non-interference' in individual or collective affairs, neither discourse can practically enhance nor coherently sustain respect to people's freedom and diversity. The author argues that any real alternative to the normative reductions and actual destructions carried on by international development theory and practice would have to recover the non-contingent solidarity implied in people's search for self-understanding. Awareness of this human condiTrade Review'...a unique, profound and daring case for why real development cannot be a unilateral endeavour. The unconventional conclusion that yet may ring so familiar to those who are sincerely engaged in the pursuit of people's well-being is that we all live in an underdeveloped world and that development can only be fostered when all parties are allowed and welcomed to contribute to the well-being of everyone else.' Greg Mortenson, Founder, Central Asia Institute, USA 'The book approaches the subject of development from a perspective that has been almost absent from the development debate: its philosophical foundations and the normative value of its arguments and counter-arguments. It goes beyond the current state of the discussion and presents an all-embracing alternative that confers meaning to development, carried within a spirit of cooperation and inclusiveness. This alternative aims towards the construction of a peaceful world. This is a highly useful book for scholarly discussions and even more so for development agents working in the so called developing countries.' Leonardo Boff, Rio de Janeiro University, Brazil 'It is time for action. Martha Jalali demonstrates that development means all the diverse people - until the limit of unicity - working together, inspired by the universal principles. We have a common destiny, a unique human family and a unique Mother Earth. Each human being is able to create, to invent. That is our hope. But now it is urgent to act. Socially, environmentally and ethically, we cannot be guided anymore by the most powerful and rich. We, the peoples..., as enshrined in the Charter of the United Nations, must resolve not to remain silent. In the dawn of a new century and millennium, the time for a new commencement has arrived.' Federico Mayor, Fundación Cultura de Paz, SpainTable of ContentsContents: Preface; Part I Grounding the Development Debate: Introduction to part I; The debate and its claims: oppression, value and poverty; The condition beneath the claims: understanding human unity; Beyond dependency: a recognition approach to the development debate. Part II Truth and Power in the Development Debate: Introduction to part II; The truth of development; Overcoming the power of development. Part III Redefining Development: Introduction to part III; The truth and power of dialogue; The community of friends; Development as the collective search for truth; Bibliography; Index.

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Book SynopsisThe Art of Investigation examines the qualities required to be a professional, thorough, and effective investigator. As the title suggests, it delves into more than the steps and procedures involved in managing an investigation, it also covers the soft skills necessary to effectively direct investigations and intuit along the way. The editors and contributing authors are the best in their field, and bring a wealth of real-world knowledge and experience to the subject. There are several publications available on the nuts-and-bolts of the process and stages of an investigation. That ground has been covered. However, little has been published on the investigative skills required, the traits necessary, and the qualities endemic to an inquisitive mind that can be cultivated to improve an investigatorâs professional skill-set.Each chapter discusses the applicability of the traits to the contributorâs own work and experience as an investigator. In doing so, the contributorsTrade Review"The Art of Investigation will help the fledging detective learn the skills to observe and solve, and the experienced detective to fine tune those skills. This book needs to be part of every investigator’s library."—Michael F. Vecchione, author and formerly Chief of the Rackets Division, Brooklyn District Attorney’s Office, and Jerry Schmetterer, author and investigative reporter"I wish I had this book when I was majoring in Criminology, or later as a rookie patrolman. The Art of Investigation is entertaining, inspirational, and informational. I have a forty-two year career as an investigator, and the stories and case studies in this book ring true."—John A. Hoda, CLI, CFE, Hoda Investigations, LLC, Private investigator, Podcaster, and Author"The innate qualities needed for the journey into truth finding are explained ... this book is an adventure for those who enjoy the art of the investigation, enjoy the finesse, the strategies, incredible flexibility, and the professionalism readily apparent to those of us that ply this trade."—From the Foreword by Robert Boyce, NYPD Chief of Detectives (Retired)Table of ContentsForeword. Acknowledgements. About the Editors. Contributors. Introduction—Editors’ Note. 1. Tenacity. 2. Self-control. 3. Curiosity. 4. Patience. 5. Energy. 6. Initiative. 7. Skepticism. 8. Discretion. 9. Adaptability. 10. Confidence. 11. Creativity. 12. Integrity. 13. Professionalism. 14. Ingenuity. 15. Empathy. Index.

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Book SynopsisDespite their Cold War rivalry, the United States and the Soviet Union frequently engaged in joint efforts to prevent the spread of nuclear weapons. Leaders in Washington and Moscow recognized that nuclear proliferation would serve neither country's interests even when they did not see eye-to-eye in many other areas. They likewise understood why collaboration in mitigating this nuclear danger would serve both their own interests and those of the international community. This volume examines seven little known examples of US-Soviet cooperation for non-proliferation, including preventing South Africa from conducting a nuclear test, developing international safeguards and export control guidelines, and negotiating a draft convention banning radiological weapons. It uses declassified and recently-digitized archival material to explore in-depth the motivations for and modalities for cooperation under often adverse political circumstances. Given the current disintegration of Russian and UTable of ContentsAcknowledgments Foreword Introduction 1. The origins of US-Soviet non-proliferation cooperation 2. The 1977 South Africa nuclear crisis 3. Peaceful nuclear explosives: from the Limited Test Ban Treaty to the Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons 4. Two NPT Snapshots—and Some Lessons and Implications for Rebuilding US-Russian Cooperation 5. The establishment of the London Club and nuclear-export controls 6. US-Soviet Cooperation on IAEA Safeguards: patterns of interaction and their applicability beyond the Cold War 7. Negotiating the Draft Radiological Weapons Convention: A Case of U.S.-Soviet Cooperation 8. Lessons for the Future

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Book SynopsisAn exploration of how political violence is constructed, this book presents the life stories of individuals once committed to political transformation through violent means in Portugal.Challenging simplistic conceptualisations about the actors of violence, this book examines issues of temporality, gender and interpersonal dynamics in the study of political violence. It is the first comprehensive case study of political violence in Portugal, based on the perspectives of former militants. These are individuals from different political spheres who became convinced that they could not be mere spectators of the circumstances of their times. For them, the only viable way of making a difference was through violent acts. Applying the Dialogical Self Theory to trace the identity positions underpinning their narratives, this book not only sheds light on radicalisation and deradicalisation processes at the individual level, but also on the meso- and macro-level contexts that instTable of ContentsIntroduction 1. Political Violence in Context: The Portuguese Armed Struggle 2. Identity Journeys through Political Narratives of Violence 3. Engagement with a Politically Violent Organisation 4. Life within a Politically Violent Organisation 5. Disengagement from a Politically Violent Organisation Concluding remarks

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