Numerical analysis Books

Book SynopsisPresenting topics that have not previously been contained in a single volume, this book offers an up-to-date review of computational methods in electromagnetism, with a focus on recent results in the numerical simulation of real-life electromagnetic problems and on theoretical results that are useful in devising and analyzing approximation algorithms. Based on four courses delivered in Cetraro in June 2014, the material covered includes the spatial discretization of Maxwell’s equations in a bounded domain, the numerical approximation of the eddy current model in harmonic regime, the time domain integral equation method (with an emphasis on the electric-field integral equation) and an overview of qualitative methods for inverse electromagnetic scattering problems.Assuming some knowledge of the variational formulation of PDEs and of finite element/boundary element methods, the book is suitable for PhD students and researchers interested in numerical approximation of partial differential equations and scientific computing.Table of ContentsPreface, Ralf Hiptmair: Maxwell's Equations: Continuous and Discrete Peter Monk: Numerical Methods for Maxwell's Equations, Rodolfo Rodriguez: Numerical Approximation of Low-Frequency Problems; Houssem Haddar: Inverse Electromagnetic Scattering Problems.

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Book SynopsisThis volume provides an introduction to the analytical and numerical aspects of partial differential equations (PDEs). It unifies an analytical and computational approach for these; the qualitative behaviour of solutions being established using classical concepts: maximum principles and energy methods. Notable inclusions are the treatment of irregularly shaped boundaries, polar coordinates and the use of flux-limiters when approximating hyperbolic conservation laws. The numerical analysis of difference schemes is rigorously developed using discrete maximum principles and discrete Fourier analysis. A novel feature is the inclusion of a chapter containing projects, intended for either individual or group study, that cover a range of topics such as parabolic smoothing, travelling waves, isospectral matrices, and the approximation of multidimensional advection–diffusion problems.The underlying theory is illustrated by numerous examples and there are around 300 exercises, designed to promote and test understanding. They are starred according to level of difficulty. Solutions to odd-numbered exercises are available to all readers while even-numbered solutions are available to authorised instructors.Written in an informal yet rigorous style, Essential Partial Differential Equations is designed for mathematics undergraduates in their final or penultimate year of university study, but will be equally useful for students following other scientific and engineering disciplines in which PDEs are of practical importance. The only prerequisite is a familiarity with the basic concepts of calculus and linear algebra.Trade Review“The book is written in an engaging and lively style that will appeal to students. … aim of the Springer SUMS series is to take a ‘fresh and modern approach’ to core foundational material through to final year topics. This book delivers on that promise with great success. ... As a first text that is set at the appropriate level … which recognizes and incorporates numerical computation as an essential tool for learning and understanding, it looks hard to beat.” (Mark Blyth, SIAM Review, Vol. 59 (1), March, 2017)“UK mathematicians Griffiths (Univ. of Dundee) and Dold and Silvester (both, Univ. of Manchester) introduce undergraduates to partial differential equations (PDEs) from both the analytical and numerical points of view. … Summing Up: Recommended. Upper-division undergraduates through professionals/practitioners.” (D. P. Turner, Choice, Vol. 53 (11), July, 2016)“This introduction to partial differential equations is designed for upper level undergraduates in mathematics. … The writing is lively, the authors make appealing use of computational examples and visualization, and they are very successful at conveying and integrating physical intuition. … This is probably the best introductory book on PDEs that I have seen in some time. It is well worth a look.” (William J. Satzer, MAA Reviews, maa.org, April, 2016)“This textbook offers a nice introduction to analytical and numerical methods for partial differential equations. … The book is self-contained and the prerequisites is a standard course in calculus and linear algebra. The textbook appeals to undergraduate students in both scientific and engineering programs in which PDEs are of practical importance.” (Marius Ghergu, zbMATH 1330.35001, 2016)Table of ContentsSetting the scene.- Boundary and initial data.- The origin of PDEs.- Classification of PDEs.- Boundary value problems in R1.- Finite difference methods in R1.- Maximum principles and energy methods.- Separation of variables.- The method of characteristics.- Finite difference methods for elliptic PDEs.- Finite difference methods for parabolic PDEs.- Finite difference methods for hyperbolic PDEs.- Projects.

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Book SynopsisFocusing on special matrices and matrices which are in some sense `near’ to structured matrices, this volume covers a broad range of topics of current interest in numerical linear algebra. Exploitation of these less obvious structural properties can be of great importance in the design of efficient numerical methods, for example algorithms for matrices with low-rank block structure, matrices with decay, and structured tensor computations. Applications range from quantum chemistry to queuing theory. Structured matrices arise frequently in applications. Examples include banded and sparse matrices, Toeplitz-type matrices, and matrices with semi-separable or quasi-separable structure, as well as Hamiltonian and symplectic matrices. The associated literature is enormous, and many efficient algorithms have been developed for solving problems involving such matrices. The text arose from a C.I.M.E. course held in Cetraro (Italy) in June 2015 which aimed to present this fast growing field to young researchers, exploiting the expertise of five leading lecturers with different theoretical and application perspectives.Table of Contents Preface.-Charles F. Van Loan: Structured Matrix Problems from Tensors.-Dario A. Bini: Matrix Structures in Queuing Models.-. Jonas Ballani and Daniel Kressner: Matrices with Hierarchical Low-Rank Structures.-Michele Benzi: Localization in Matrix Computations: Theory and Applications.-Munthe-Kaas: Groups and Symmetries in Numerical Linear Algebra.

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Book SynopsisThis book, now in a carefully revised second edition, provides an up-to-date account of Oka theory, including the classical Oka-Grauert theory and the wide array of applications to the geometry of Stein manifolds.Oka theory is the field of complex analysis dealing with global problems on Stein manifolds which admit analytic solutions in the absence of topological obstructions. The exposition in the present volume focuses on the notion of an Oka manifold introduced by the author in 2009. It explores connections with elliptic complex geometry initiated by Gromov in 1989, with the Andersén-Lempert theory of holomorphic automorphisms of complex Euclidean spaces and of Stein manifolds with the density property, and with topological methods such as homotopy theory and the Seiberg-Witten theory.Researchers and graduate students interested in the homotopy principle in complex analysis will find this book particularly useful. It is currently the only work that offers a comprehensive introduction to both the Oka theory and the theory of holomorphic automorphisms of complex Euclidean spaces and of other complex manifolds with large automorphism groups.Table of ContentsPart I Stein Manifolds.- 1 Preliminaries.- 2 Stein Manifolds.- 3 Stein Neighborhoods and Approximation.- 4 Automorphisms of Complex Euclidean Spaces.- Part II Oka Theory.- 5 Oka Manifolds.- 6 Elliptic Complex Geometry and Oka Theory.- 7 Flexibility Properties of Complex Manifolds and Holomorphic Maps.- Part III Applications.- 8 Applications of Oka Theory and its Methods.- 9 Embeddings, Immersions and Submersions.- 10 Topological Methods in Stein Geometry.- References.- Index.

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Book SynopsisThis new edition is a concise introduction to the basic methods of computational physics. Readers will discover the benefits of numerical methods for solving complex mathematical problems and for the direct simulation of physical processes. The book is divided into two main parts: Deterministic methods and stochastic methods in computational physics. Based on concrete problems, the first part discusses numerical differentiation and integration, as well as the treatment of ordinary differential equations. This is extended by a brief introduction to the numerics of partial differential equations. The second part deals with the generation of random numbers, summarizes the basics of stochastics, and subsequently introduces Monte-Carlo (MC) methods. Specific emphasis is on MARKOV chain MC algorithms. The final two chapters discuss data analysis and stochastic optimization. All this is again motivated and augmented by applications from physics. In addition, the book offers a number of appendices to provide the reader with information on topics not discussed in the main text. Numerous problems with worked-out solutions, chapter introductions and summaries, together with a clear and application-oriented style support the reader. Ready to use C++ codes are provided online.Table of ContentsSome Basic Remarks.- Part I Deterministic Methods.- Numerical Differentiation.- Numerical Integration.- The KEPLER Problem.- Ordinary Differential Equations – Initial Value Problems.- The Double Pendulum.- Molecular Dynamics.- Numerics of Ordinary Differential Equations - Boundary Value Problems.- The One-Dimensional Stationary Heat Equation.- The One-Dimensional Stationary SCHRÖDINGER Equation.- Partial Differential Equations.- Part II Stochastic Methods.- Pseudo Random Number Generators.- Random Sampling Methods.- A Brief Introduction to Monte-Carlo Methods.- The ISING Model.- Some Basics of Stochastic Processes.- The Random Walk and Diffusion Theory.- MARKOV-Chain Monte Carlo and the POTTS Model.- Data Analysis.- Stochastic Optimization.- Appendix: The Two-Body Problem.- Solving Non-Linear Equations. The NEWTON Method.- Numerical Solution of Systems of Equations.- Fast Fourier Transform.- Basics of Probability Theory.- Phase Transitions.- Fractional Integrals and Derivatives in 1D.- Least Squares Fit.- Deterministic Optimization.

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Book Synopsis​This book provides a complete and comprehensive guide to Pyomo (Python Optimization Modeling Objects) for beginning and advanced modelers, including students at the undergraduate and graduate levels, academic researchers, and practitioners. Using many examples to illustrate the different techniques useful for formulating models, this text beautifully elucidates the breadth of modeling capabilities that are supported by Pyomo and its handling of complex real-world applications. This second edition provides an expanded presentation of Pyomo’s modeling capabilities, providing a broader description of the software that will enable the user to develop and optimize models. Introductory chapters have been revised to extend tutorials; chapters that discuss advanced features now include the new functionalities added to Pyomo since the first edition including generalized disjunctive programming, mathematical programming with equilibrium constraints, and bilevel programming.Pyomo is an open source software package for formulating and solving large-scale optimization problems. The software extends the modeling approach supported by modern AML (Algebraic Modeling Language) tools. Pyomo is a flexible, extensible, and portable AML that is embedded in Python, a full-featured scripting language. Python is a powerful and dynamic programming language that has a very clear, readable syntax and intuitive object orientation. Pyomo includes Python classes for defining sparse sets, parameters, and variables, which can be used to formulate algebraic expressions that define objectives and constraints. Moreover, Pyomo can be used from a command-line interface and within Python's interactive command environment, which makes it easy to create Pyomo models, apply a variety of optimizers, and examine solutions.Trade Review“This book provides a detailed guide to Pyomo for beginners and advanced users from undergraduate students to academic researchers to practitioners. … the book is a good software guide which I strongly recommend to anybody interested in looking for an alternative to commercial modeling languages in general or in learning or intensifying their Pyomo skills in particular.” (Christina Schenk, SIAM Review, Vol. 61 (1), March, 2019)Table of Contents1. Introduction.- Part I. An Introduction to Pyomo.- 2. Mathematical Modeling and Optimization.- 3. Pyomo Overview.- 4. Pyomo Models and Components.- 5. The Pyomo Command.- 6. Data Command Files.- Part II. Advanced Features and Extensions.- 7. Nonlinear Programming with Pyomo.- 8. Structured Modeling with Blocks.- 9. Generalized Disjunctive Programming.- 10. Stochastic Programming Extensions.- 11. Differential Algebraic Equations.- 12. Mathematical Programs with Equilibrium Constraints.- 13. Bilevel Programming.- 14. Scripting.- A. A Brief Python Tutorial.- Index.

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Book SynopsisThis book takes readers on a multi-perspective tour through state-of-the-art mathematical developments related to the numerical treatment of PDEs based on splines, and in particular isogeometric methods. A wide variety of research topics are covered, ranging from approximation theory to structured numerical linear algebra. More precisely, the book provides (i) a self-contained introduction to B-splines, with special focus on approximation and hierarchical refinement, (ii) a broad survey of numerical schemes for control problems based on B-splines and B-spline-type wavelets, (iii) an exhaustive description of methods for computing and analyzing the spectral distribution of discretization matrices, and (iv) a detailed overview of the mathematical and implementational aspects of isogeometric analysis. The text is the outcome of a C.I.M.E. summer school held in Cetraro (Italy), July 2017, featuring four prominent lecturers with different theoretical and application perspectives. The book may serve both as a reference and an entry point into further research.Table of ContentsFoundations of Spline Theory: B-Splines, Spline Approximation, and Hierarchical Refinement.- Adaptive Multiscale Methods for the Numerical Treatment of Systems of PDEs.- Generalized Locally Toeplitz Sequences: A Spectral Analysis Tool for Discretized Differential Equations.- Isogeometric Analysis: Mathematical and Implementational Aspects, with Applications.

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Book SynopsisThis book is a guide to numerical methods for solving fluid dynamics problems. The most widely used discretization and solution methods, which are also found in most commercial CFD-programs, are described in detail. Some advanced topics, like moving grids, simulation of turbulence, computation of free-surface flows, multigrid methods and parallel computing, are also covered. Since CFD is a very broad field, we provide fundamental methods and ideas, with some illustrative examples, upon which more advanced techniques are built. Numerical accuracy and estimation of errors are important aspects and are discussed in many examples. Computer codes that include many of the methods described in the book can be obtained online. This 4th edition includes major revision of all chapters; some new methods are described and references to more recent publications with new approaches are included. Former Chapter 7 on solution of the Navier-Stokes equations has been split into two Chapters to allow for a more detailed description of several variants of the Fractional Step Method and a comparison with SIMPLE-like approaches. In Chapters 7 to 13, most examples have been replaced or recomputed, and hints regarding practical applications are made. Several new sections have been added, to cover, e.g., immersed-boundary methods, overset grids methods, fluid-structure interaction and conjugate heat transfer.Table of ContentsBasic Concepts of Fluid Flow.- Introduction to Numerical Methods.- Finite Difference Methods.- Finite Volume Methods.- Solution of Linear Equation Systems.-Methods for Unsteady Problems.- Solution of the Navier-Stokes Equations.- Complex Geometries.- Turbulent Flows.- Compressible Flows.- Efficiency, Accuracy and Grid Quality.- Special Topics.

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Book SynopsisTable of Contents1. Einleitung.- 2. Algebraische Grundlagen.- 3. Geringte Räume.- 4. Supermannigfaltigkeiten.- 5. Analysis auf Supergebieten.- 6. Anwendungen.- 7. Lie—Algebren und Grundbegriffe der Darstellungstheorie.- 8. Höchstgewichtsdarstellungen der Virasoro-Algebra.- 9. Vertexoperatoren.- 10. Beweis der Kac’schen Determinantenformel.- 11. Konstruktion singulärer Vektoren im Fockraum.- 12.Unitäre Höchstgewichtsdarstellungen der Virasoro-Algebra.

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Book SynopsisDas Buch ist ein Hilfsmittel zur Bearbeitung von Übungsaufgaben bzw. zur Vorbereitung auf die Prüfung zur Vorlesung in Numerischer Mathematik bzw. wissenschaftliches Rechnen. Es ist unabhängig von einem bestimmten Lehrbuch konzipiert und umfaßt den Standardstoff einer einführenden Vorlesung in Numerik oder in das wissenschaftliche Rechnen. Es ist in Paragraphen gegliedert, welche jeweils einem bestimmten Sachgebiet der Numerik entsprechen. Jedem Paragraphen ist in ein bis zwei Seiten eine kurze Zusammenstellung der wichtigsten Tatsachen und Formeln vorangestellt, die als Arbeitsgrundlage und Verweismöglichkeit bei den Aufgaben dient. Jeder Paragraph enthält eine Sammlung für das Gebiet typischer Übungsaufgaben mit mustergültig ausgearbeiteten Lösungen.Table of ContentsRechnerarithmetik - Polynome und Interpolation - Numerische Differentiation und RICHARDSON-Extrapolation - BANACHscher Fixpunktsatz und Konvergenzordnung - Nichtlineare Gleichungen - Matrixanalyse und Normen - Lineare Gleichungssysteme

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Book SynopsisThe authors consider applications of singularity theory and computer algebra to bifurcations of Hamiltonian dynamical systems. They restrict themselves to the case were the following simplification is possible. Near the equilibrium or (quasi-) periodic solution under consideration the linear part allows approximation by a normalized Hamiltonian system with a torus symmetry. It is assumed that reduction by this symmetry leads to a system with one degree of freedom. The volume focuses on two such reduction methods, the planar reduction (or polar coordinates) method and the reduction by the energy momentum mapping. The one-degree-of-freedom system then is tackled by singularity theory, where computer algebra, in particular, Gröbner basis techniques, are applied. The readership addressed consists of advanced graduate students and researchers in dynamical systems.Table of ContentsIntroduction.- I. Applications: Methods I: Planar reduction; Method II: The energy-momentum map.- II. Theory: Birkhoff Normalization; Singularity Theory; Gröbner bases and Standard bases; Computing normalizing transformations.- Appendix A.1. Classification of term orders; Appendix A.2. Proof of Proposition 5.8.- References.- Index.

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Book SynopsisThese notes are an elaboration of the first part of a course on foliations which I have given at Strasbourg in 1976 and at Tunis in 1977. They are concerned mostly with dynamical sys­ tems in dimensions one and two, in particular with a view to their applications to foliated manifolds. An important chapter, however, is missing, which would have been dealing with structural stability. The publication of the French edition was re­ alized by-the efforts of the secretariat and the printing office of the Department of Mathematics of Strasbourg. I am deeply grateful to all those who contributed, in particular to Mme. Lambert for typing the manuscript, and to Messrs. Bodo and Christ for its reproduction. Strasbourg, January 1979. Table of Contents I. VECTOR FIELDS ON MANIFOLDS 1. Integration of vector fields. 1 2. General theory of orbits. 13 3. Irlvariant and minimaI sets. 18 4. Limit sets. 21 5. Direction fields. 27 A. Vector fields and isotopies. 34 II. THE LOCAL BEHAVIOUR OF VECTOR FIELDS 39 1. Stability and conjugation. 39 2. Linear differential equations. 44 3. Linear differential equations with constant coefficients. 47 4. Linear differential equations with periodic coefficients. 50 5. Variation field of a vector field. 52 6. Behaviour near a singular point. 57 7. Behaviour near a periodic orbit. 59 A. Conjugation of contractions in R. 67 III. PLANAR VECTOR FIELDS 75 1. Limit sets in the plane. 75 2. Periodic orbits. 82 3. Singular points. 90 4. The Poincare index.Table of ContentsI. Vector Fields on Manifolds.- 1. Integration of vector fields.- 2. General theory of orbits.- 3. Invariant and minimal sets.- 4. Limit sets.- 5. Direction fields.- A. Vector fields and isotopies.- II. The Local Behaviour of Vector Fields.- 1. Stability and conjugation.- 2. Linear differential equations.- 3. Linear differential equations with constant coefficients.- 4. Linear differential equations with periodic coefficients.- 5. Variation field of a vector field.- 6. Behaviour near a singular point.- 7. Behaviour near a periodic orbit.- A. Conjugation of contractions in R.- III. Planar Vector Fields.- 1. Limit sets in the plane.- 2. Periodic orbits.- 3. Singular points.- 4. The Poincaré index.- 5. Planar direction fields.- 6. Direction, fields on cylinders and Moebius strips.- A. Singular generic foliations of a disc.- IV. Direction Fields on the Torus and Homeomorphisms of the Circle.- 1. Direction fields on the torus.- 2. Direction fields on a Klein bottle.- 3. Homeomorphisms of the circle without periodic point.- 4. Rotation number of Poincaré.- 5. Conjugation of circle homeomorphisms to rotations.- A. Homeomorphism groups of an interval.- B. Homeomorphism groups of the circle.- V. Vector Fields on Surfaces.- 1. Classification of compact surfaces.- 2. Vector fields on surfaces.- 3. The index theorem.- A. Elements of differential geometry of surfaces.

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Book SynopsisHigh resolution upwind and centered methods are a mature generation of computational techniques. They are applicable to a wide range of engineering and scientific disciplines, Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) being the most prominent up to now. This textbook gives a comprehensive, coherent and practical presentation of this class of techniques. For its third edition the book has been thoroughly revised to contain new material.Table of ContentsThe Equations of Fluid Dynamics.- Notions on Hyperbolic Partial Differential Equations.- Some Properties of the Euler Equations.- The Riemann Problem for the Euler Equations.- Notions on Numerical Methods.- The Method of Godunov for Non#x2014;linear Systems.- Random Choice and Related Methods.- Flux Vector Splitting Methods.- Approximate#x2014;State Riemann Solvers.- The HLL and HLLC Riemann Solvers.- The Riemann Solver of Roe.- The Riemann Solver of Osher.- High#x2013;Order and TVD Methods for Scalar Equations.- High#x2013;Order and TVD Schemes for Non#x2013;Linear Systems.- Splitting Schemes for PDEs with Source Terms.- Methods for Multi#x2013;Dimensional PDEs.- Multidimensional Test Problems.- FORCE Fluxes in Multiple Space Dimensions.- The Generalized Riemann Problem.- The ADER Approach.- Concluding Remarks.

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Book SynopsisWave propagation is an important topic in engineering sciences, especially, in the field of solid mechanics. A description of wave propagation phenomena is given by Graff [98]: The effect of a sharply applied, localized disturbance in a medium soon transmits or 'spreads' to other parts of the medium. These effects are familiar to everyone, e.g., transmission of sound in air, the spreading of ripples on a pond of water, or the transmission of radio waves. From all wave types in nature, here, attention is focused only on waves in solids. Thus, solely mechanical disturbances in contrast to electro-magnetic or acoustic disturbances are considered. of waves - the compression wave similar to the In solids, there are two types pressure wave in fluids and, additionally, the shear wave. Due to continual reflec­ tions at boundaries and propagation of waves in bounded solids after some time a steady state is reached. Depending on the influence of the inertia terms, this state is governed by a static or dynamic equilibrium in frequency domain. However, if the rate of onset of the load is high compared to the time needed to reach this steady state, wave propagation phenomena have to be considered.Table of Contents1. Introduction.- 2. Convolution quadrature method.- 2.1 Basic theory of the convolution quadrature method.- 2.2 Numerical tests.- 2.2.1 Series expansion of the test functions f1 and f2.- 2.2.2 Computing the integration weights ?n.- 2.2.3 Numerical convolution.- 3. Viscoelastically supported Euler-Bernoulli beam.- 3.1 Integral equation for a beam resting on viscoelastic foundation.- 3.1.1 Fundamental solutions.- 3.1.2 Integral equation.- 3.2 Numerical example.- 3.2.1 Fixed-simply supported beam.- 3.2.2 Fixed-free viscoelastic supported beam.- 4. Time domain boundary element formulation.- 4.1 Integral equation for elastodynamics.- 4.2 Boundary element formulation for elastodynamics.- 4.3 Validation of proposed method: Wave propagation in a rod.- 4.3.1 Influence of the spatial and time discretization.- 4.3.2 Comparison with the “classical” time domain BE formulation.- 5. Viscoelastodynamic boundary element formulation.- 5.1 Viscoelastic constitutive equation.- 5.2 Boundary integral equation.- 5.3 Boundary element formulation.- 5.4 Validation of the method and parameter study.- 5.4.1 Three-dimensional rod.- 5.4.2 Elastic foundation on viscoelastic half space.- 6. Poroelastodynamic boundary element formulation.- 6.1 Biot’s theory of poroelasticity.- 6.1.1 Elastic skeleton.- 6.1.2 Viscoelastic skeleton.- 6.2 Fundamental solutions.- 6.3 Poroelastic Boundary Integral Formulation.- 6.3.1 Boundary integral equation.- 6.3.2 Boundary element formulation.- 6.4 Numerical studies.- 6.4.1 Influence of time step size and mesh size.- 6.4.2 Poroelastic half space.- 7. Wave propagation.- 7.1 Wave propagation in poroelastic one-dimensional column.- 7.1.1 Analytical solution.- 7.1.2 Poroelastic results.- 7.1.3 Poroviscoelastic results.- 7.2 Waves in half space.- 7.2.1 Rayleigh surface wave.- 7.2.2 Slow compressional wave in poroelastic half space.- 8. Conclusions — Applications.- 8.1 Summary.- 8.2 Outlook on further applications.- A. Mathematic preliminaries.- A.1 Distributions or generalized functions.- A.2 Convolution integrals.- A.3 Laplace transform.- A.4 Linear multistep method.- B. BEM details.- B.1 Fundamental solutions.- B.1.1 Visco- and elastodynamic fundamental solutions.- B.1.2 Poroelastodynamic fundamental solutions.- B.2 “Classical” time domain BE formulation.- Notation Index.- References.

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Book SynopsisThis work provides an introduction to four central problems in analytic number theory. These are (1) the problems of estimating the number of integer points in planar domains, (2) the problem of the distribution of prime numbers in the sequence of all natural numbers and in arithmetic progressions, (3) Goldbach's problems on sums of primes, and (4) Waring's problem on sums of k-th powers. The following fundamental methods of analytic number theory are used to solve these problems: complex integration, I.M. Vinogradov's method of trigonometric sums, and the circle method of G.H. Hardy, J.E. Littlewood, and S. Ramanujan. There are numerous exercises at the end of each chapter. These exercises either refine the theorems proved in the text, or lead to new ideas in number theory. The author also includes a section of hints for the solution of the exercises.

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Book SynopsisThe main theme is the integration of the theory of linear PDE and the theory of finite difference and finite element methods. For each type of PDE, elliptic, parabolic, and hyperbolic, the text contains one chapter on the mathematical theory of the differential equation, followed by one chapter on finite difference methods and one on finite element methods. The chapters on elliptic equations are preceded by a chapter on the two-point boundary value problem for ordinary differential equations. Similarly, the chapters on time-dependent problems are preceded by a chapter on the initial-value problem for ordinary differential equations. There is also one chapter on the elliptic eigenvalue problem and eigenfunction expansion. The presentation does not presume a deep knowledge of mathematical and functional analysis. The required background on linear functional analysis and Sobolev spaces is reviewed in an appendix. The book is suitable for advanced undergraduate and beginning graduate students of applied mathematics and engineering.Trade ReviewFrom the reviews:"The book under review is an introduction to the field of linear partial differential equations and to standard methods for their numerical solution. … The balanced combination of mathematical theory with numerical analysis is an essential feature of the book. … The book is easily accessible and concentrates on the main ideas while avoiding unnecessary technicalities. It is therefore well suited as a textbook for a beginning graduate course in applied mathematics." (A. Ostermann, IMN - Internationale Mathematische Nachrichten, Vol. 59 (198), 2005)"This book, which is aimed at beginning graduate students of applied mathematics and engineering, provides an up to date synthesis of mathematical analysis, and the corresponding numerical analysis, for elliptic, parabolic and hyperbolic partial differential equations. … This widely applicable material is attractively presented in this impeccably well-organised text. … Partial differential equations with numerical methods covers a lot of ground authoritatively and without ostentation and with a constant focus on the needs of practitioners." (Nick Lord, The Mathematical Gazette, March, 2005)"Larsson and Thomée … discuss numerical solution methods of linear partial differential equations. They explain finite difference and finite element methods and apply these concepts to elliptic, parabolic, and hyperbolic partial differential equations. … The text is enhanced by 13 figures and 150 problems. Also included are appendixes on mathematical analysis preliminaries and a connection to numerical linear algebra. Summing Up: Recommended. Upper-division undergraduates through faculty." (D. P. Turner, CHOICE, March, 2004)"This book presents a very well written and systematic introduction to the finite difference and finite element methods for the numerical solution of the basic types of linear partial differential equations (PDE). … the book is very well written, the exposition is clear, readable and very systematic." (Emil Minchev, Zentralblatt MATH, Vol. 1025, 2003)"The author’s purpose is to give an elementary, relatively short, and readable account of the basic types of linear partial differential equations, their properties, and the most commonly used methods for their numerical solution. … We warmly recommend it to advanced undergraduate and beginning graduate students of applied mathematics and/or engineering at every university of the world." (Ferenc Móricz, Acta Scientiarum Mathematicarum, Vol. 71, 2005)"The presentation of the book is smart and very classical; it is more a reference book for applied mathematicians … . The convergence results, error estimates, variation formulations, all the theorems proofs, are very clear and well presented, the annexes A and B summary the necessary background for the understanding, without redundant generalisation or forgotten matter. The bibliography is presented by theme, well targeted on the topic of the book." (Anne Lemaitre, Physicalia Magazine, Vol. 28 (1), 2006)“Offers basic theory of linear partial differential equations and discusses the most commonly used numerical methods to solve these equations. … There are two appendices providing some extra basic material, useful to help understanding some of the theoretical principles that might be unfamiliar to unexperienced readers and students. The text is elementary and meant for students in mathematics, physics, engineering. … The bibliography is well arranged according to the important issues, which makes it easy to get informed about possible references for further study.” (Paula Bruggen, Bulletin of the Belgian Mathematical Society, Vol. 15 (1), 2008)Table of ContentsA Two-Point Boundary Value Problem.- Elliptic Equations.- Finite Difference Methods for Elliptic Equations.- Finite Element Methods for Elliptic Equations.- The Elliptic Eigenvalue Problem.- Initial-Value Problems for Ordinary Differential Equations.- Parabolic Equations.- Finite Difference Methods for Parabolic Problems.- The Finite Element Method for a Parabolic Problem.- Hyperbolic Equations.- Finite Difference Methods for Hyperbolic Equations.- The Finite Element Method for Hyperbolic Equations.- Some Other Classes of Numerical Methods.

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Book SynopsisFrom the reviews: "The account is quite detailed and is written in a manner that will appeal to analysts and numerical practitioners alike...they contain everything from rigorous proofs to tables of numerical calculations.... one of the strong features of these books...that they are designed not for the expert, but for those who whish to learn the subject matter starting from little or no background...there are numerous examples, and counter-examples, to back up the theory...To my knowledge, no other authors have given such a clear geometric account of convex analysis." "This innovative text is well written, copiously illustrated, and accessible to a wide audience"Trade ReviewFrom the reviews: "The account is quite detailed and is written in a manner that will appeal to analysts and numerical practitioners alike...they contain everything from rigorous proofs to tables of numerical calculations.... one of the strong features of these books. . . [is] that they are designed not for the expert, but for those who wish to learn the subject matter starting from little or no background...there are numerous examples, and counter-examples, to back up the theory...To my knowledge, no other authors have given such a clear geometric account of convex analysis." "This innovative text is well written, copiously illustrated, and accessible to a wide audience"Table of ContentsIX. Inner Construction of the Subdifferential.- X. Conjugacy in Convex Analysis.- XI. Approximate Subdifferentials of Convex Functions.- XII. Abstract Duality for Practitioners.- XIII. Methods of ?-Descent.- XIV. Dynamic Construction of Approximate Subdifferentials: Dual Form of Bundle Methods.- XV. Acceleration of the Cutting-Plane Algorithm: Primal Forms of Bundle Methods.- Bibliographical Comments.- References.

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Book SynopsisBackward stochastic differential equations (BSDEs) provide a general mathematical framework for solving pricing and risk management questions of financial derivatives. They are of growing importance for nonlinear pricing problems such as CVA computations that have been developed since the crisis. Although BSDEs are well known to academics, they are less familiar to practitioners in the financial industry. In order to fill this gap, this book revisits financial modeling and computational finance from a BSDE perspective, presenting a unified view of the pricing and hedging theory across all asset classes. It also contains a review of quantitative finance tools, including Fourier techniques, Monte Carlo methods, finite differences and model calibration schemes. With a view to use in graduate courses in computational finance and financial modeling, corrected problem sets and Matlab sheets have been provided. Stéphane Crépey’s book starts with a few chapters on classical stochastic processes material, and then... fasten your seatbelt... the author starts traveling backwards in time through backward stochastic differential equations (BSDEs). This does not mean that one has to read the book backwards, like a manga! Rather, the possibility to move backwards in time, even if from a variety of final scenarios following a probability law, opens a multitude of possibilities for all those pricing problems whose solution is not a straightforward expectation. For example, this allows for framing problems like pricing with credit and funding costs in a rigorous mathematical setup. This is, as far as I know, the first book written for several levels of audiences, with applications to financial modeling and using BSDEs as one of the main tools, and as the song says: "it's never as good as the first time".Damiano Brigo, Chair of Mathematical Finance, Imperial College LondonWhile the classical theory of arbitrage free pricing has matured, and is now well understood and used by the finance industry, the theory of BSDEs continues to enjoy a rapid growth and remains a domain restricted to academic researchers and a handful of practitioners. Crépey’s book presents this novel approach to a wider community of researchers involved in mathematical modeling in finance. It is clearly an essential reference for anyone interested in the latest developments in financial mathematics. Marek Musiela, Deputy Director of the Oxford-Man Institute of Quantitative FinanceTable of ContentsPart I: An Introductory Course in Stochastic Processes.- 1.Some classes of Discrete-Time Stochastic Processes.-2.Some Classes of Continuous-Time Stochastic Processes.- 3.Elements of Stochastic Analysis.- Part II: Pricing Equations.- 4.Martingale Modeling.- 5.Benchmark Models.- Part III: Numerical Solutions.- 6.Monte Carlo Methods.- 7.Tree Methods.- 8.Finite Differences.- 9.Callibration Methods.- Part IV: Applications.- 10.Simulation/ Regression Pricing Schemes in Diffusive Setups.- 11.Simulation/ Regression Pricing Schemes in Pure Jump Setups.- Part V: Jump-Diffusion Setup with Regime Switching (**).- 12.Backward Stochastic Differential Equations.- 13.Analytic Approach.- 14.Extensions.- Part VI: Appendix.- A.Technical Proofs (**).- B.Exercises.- C.Corrected Problem Sets.​

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Book SynopsisThis book gives an introduction to the finite element method as a general computational method for solving partial differential equations approximately. Our approach is mathematical in nature with a strong focus on the underlying mathematical principles, such as approximation properties of piecewise polynomial spaces, and variational formulations of partial differential equations, but with a minimum level of advanced mathematical machinery from functional analysis and partial differential equations. In principle, the material should be accessible to students with only knowledge of calculus of several variables, basic partial differential equations, and linear algebra, as the necessary concepts from more advanced analysis are introduced when needed. Throughout the text we emphasize implementation of the involved algorithms, and have therefore mixed mathematical theory with concrete computer code using the numerical software MATLAB is and its PDE-Toolbox. We have also had the ambition to cover some of the most important applications of finite elements and the basic finite element methods developed for those applications, including diffusion and transport phenomena, solid and fluid mechanics, and also electromagnetics.​ Trade ReviewFrom the reviews:“The authors give an introduction to the finite element method as a general computational method for solving partial differential equations (PDEs) approximately. … The book should be accessible to students with only knowledge of calculus of several variables, basic partial differential equations, and linear algebra, as the necessary concepts from more advanced analysis are introduced when needed.” (Răzvan Răducanu, Zentralblatt MATH, Vol. 1263, 2013)Table of Contents1. Piecewise Polynomial Approximation in 1D.- 2. The Finite Element Method in 1D.- 3. Piecewise Polynomial Approximation in 2D.- 4. The Finite Element Method in 2D.- 5. Time-dependent Problems.- 6. Solving Large Sparse Linear Systems.- 7. Abstract Finite Element Analysis.- 8. The Finite Element.- 9. Non-linear Problems.- 10. Transport Problems.- 11. Solid Mechanics.- 12. Fluid Mechanics.- 13. Electromagnetics.- 14. Discontinuous Galerkin Methods.- A. Some Additional Matlab Code.- References.

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Book SynopsisI. In this second volume, we continue at first the study of non­ homogeneous boundary value problems for particular classes of evolu­ tion equations. 1 In Chapter 4 , we study parabolic operators by the method of Agranovitch-Vishik [lJ; this is step (i) (Introduction to Volume I, Section 4), i.e. the study of regularity. The next steps: (ii) transposition, (iii) interpolation, are similar in principle to those of Chapter 2, but involve rather considerable additional technical difficulties. In Chapter 5, we study hyperbolic operators or operators well­ defined in thesense of Petrowski or Schroedinger. Our regularity results (step (i)) seem to be new. Steps (ii) and (iii) are all3.logous to those of the parabolic case, except for certain technical differences. In Chapter 6, the results of Chapter'> 4 and 5 are applied to the study of optimal control problems for systems governed by evolution equations, when the control appears in the boundary conditions (so that non-homogeneous boundary value problems are the basic tool of this theory). Another type of application, to the characterization of "all" well-posed problems for the operators in question, is given in the Ap­ pendix. Still other applications, for example to numerical analysis, will be given in Volume 3.Table of Contents4 Parabolic Evolution Operators. Hilbert Theory.- 1. Notation and Hypotheses. First Regularity Theorem.- 1.1 Notation.- 1.2 Statement of the Problems.- 1.3 (Formal) Green’s Formulas.- 1.4 First Existence and Uniqueness Theorem (Statement).- 1.5 Orientation.- 2. The Spaces Hr, s(Q). Trace Theorems. Compatibility Relations.- 2.1 Hr, s-Spaces.- 2.2 First Trace Theorem.- 2.3 Local Compatibility Relations.- 2.4 Global Compatibility Relations for a Particular Case.- 2.5 General Compatibility Relations.- 3. Evolution Equations and the Laplace Transform.- 3.1 Vector Distribution Solutions.- 3.2 L2-Solutions.- 4. The Case of Operators Independent of t.- 4.1 Hypotheses.- 4.2 Basic Inequalities.- 4.3 Solution of the Problem.- 5. Regularity.- 5.1 Preliminaries.- 5.2 Basic Inequalities.- 5.3 An Abstract Result.- 5.4 Solution of the Boundary Value Problem.- 6. Case of Time-Dependent Operators. Existence of Solutions in the Spaces H2r m, m(Q), Real r ? 1.- 6.1 Hypotheses. Statement of the Result.- 6.2 Local Result in t.- 6.3 Proof of Theorem 6.1.- 6.4 Regular Non-Homogeneous Problems.- Adjoint Isomorphism of Order r.- 7.1 The Adjoint Problem.- 7.2 Adjoint Isomorphism of Order r.- 8. Transposition of the Adjoint Isomorphism of Order r. (I): Generalities.- 8.1 Transposition.- 8.2 Orientation.- 8.3 The Spaces H??, ??(Q), H??, ??(?), ?, ? ? 0.- 8.4 (Formal) Choice of L.- 9. Choice of f. The Spaces ?2rm,r(Q).- 9.1 The Space ?2rm,r(Q).- 9.2 The Space ??2rm,?r(Q).- 9.3 Choice of f. The Space D?(r?1)(P)(Q).- 10. Trace Theorems for the Spaces D?(r?1)(P)(Q), r ? 1.- 10.1 Density Theorem.- 10.2 Trace Theorem on ?.- 10.3 Continuity of the Trace on Surfaces Neighbouring ?.- 10.4 Trace Theorem on ?0.- 10.5 Continuity of the Trace on Sections Neighbouring ?.- 11. Choice of gj and uo. The Spaces H2?m ??(?).- 11.1 The Spaces H2?m ??(?).- 11.2 Choice of gj.- 11.3 Choice of uo.- 12. Transposition of the Adjoint Isomorphism of Order ?. (II): Results; Existence of Solutions in H2mr,r(Q)-Spaces, Real r ? 0.- 12.1 Final Choice of L.- 12.2 Results.- 12.3 Complements.- 13. State of the Problem. Complements on the Transposition of the Adjoint Isomorphism of Order 1.- 13.1 State of the Problem.- 13.2 Complements on the Transposition of the Adjoint Isomorphism of Order 1.- 13.3 Orientation.- 14. Some Interpolation Theorems.- 14.1 Notation. Statement of the Main Result.- 14.2 Outline of the Proof.- 14.3 First Auxiliary Interpolation Theorem.- 14.4 Second Auxiliary Interpolation Theorem.- 14.5 Third Auxiliary Interpolation Theorem.- 14.6 Proof of Theorem 14.1.- 15. Final Results; Existence of Solutions in the Spaces H2mr,r(Q), 0 < r < 1. Applications.- 15.1 Application of the Results of Section 14.- 15.2 Examples; Generalities.- 15.3 Examples (I).- 15.4 Examples (II).- 15.5 Some Complements on the Dirichlet Problem.- 16. Comments.- 17. Problems.- 5 Hyperbolic Evolution Operators, of Petrowski and of Schroedinger. Hilbert Theory.- 1. Application of the Results of Chapter 3 and General Remarks.- 1.1 Notation. Hypotheses.- 1.2 Application of the Results of Chapter 3.- 1.3 A Counter-Example.- 2. A Regularity Theorem (I).- 3. Regular Non-Homogeneous Problems.- 3.1 Statement of the Problem.- 3.2 The Compatibility Relations.- 3.3 The Case of the Dirichlet Problem.- 4. Transposition.- 4.1 Adjoint Isomorphism.- 4.2 Transposition.- 4.3 Choice of L.- 4.4 Conclusion.- 5. Interpolation.- 5.1 Statement of the Problem.- 5.2 Some Interpolation Results.- 5.3 Consequences.- 5.4 The Case of the Dirichlet Problem.- 6. Applications and Examples.- 6.1 General Results.- 6.2 Examples.- 7. Regularity Theorem (II).- 7.1 Statement.- 7.2 Proof of Theorem 7.1.- 8. Non-Integer Order Regularity Theorem.- 8.1 Orientation.- 8.2 Interpolation in r.- 8.3 Interpretation of the Space V(2r?1)m,2r(Q), r ? 1.- 9. Adjoint Isomorphism of Order r and Transposition.- 9.1 Adjoint Isomorphism of Order r.- 9.2 Transposition.- 9.3 Formal Choice of L.- 10. Choice of f, $$ \vec g $$, u0, u1.- 10.1 Choice of f.- 10.2 The Space $$ D_{A + D_t^2}^{ - \left( {2r - 1} \right)}\left( Q \right) $$.- 10.3 Choice of gj.- 10.4 Choice of u0, u1.- 10.5 Conclusion.- 11. Trace Theorems in the Space $$ D_{A + D_t^2}^{ - \left( {2r - 1} \right)}\left( Q \right) $$.- 11.1 Density Theorem.- 11.2 Traces on ?.- 11.3 Continuity of the Trace on Neighbouring Surfaces.- 11.4 Traces on ?0.- 11.5 Continuity of the Trace on Sections Neighbouring ?0.- 11.6 Remark.- 12. Schroedinger Type Equations.- 12.1 Notation.- 12.2 First Regularity Theorem. Parabolic Regularization.- 12.3 Second Regularity Theorem.- 12.4 r-Isomorphism Theorem.- 12.5 Choice of L.- 12.6 Trace Theorem.- 13. Comments.- 14. Problems.- 6 Applications to Optimal Control Problems.- 1. Statement of the Problems for the Linear Parabolic Case.- 1.1 Notation.- 1.2 Optimization Problems.- 2. Choice of the Norms in the Cost Function.- 2.1 Reminder. Condition on K1(Q).- 2.2 Space Described by $$ \vec S\,y $$. Conditions on K2(?).- 2.3 Space Described by y(x, T; u). Condition on K3(?).- 3. Optimality Condition for Quadratic Cost Functions.- 3.1 Notation.- 3.2 Optimality Condition.- 4. Optimality Condition and Green’s Formula.- 4.1 Optimality Condition. Application of Section 3.2.- 4.2 The Isomorphisms ?i.- 4.3 The “Adjoint” Problem.- 4.4 New Form of the Optimality Condition.- 5. The Particular Case $$ \mu \,\, = \,\,m\,\, + \,\,\frac{1}{2} $$, E3 ? 0.- 5.1 Properties of y.- 5.2 Choice of K1(Q).- 5.3 Choice of K2(?) and K3(?).- 5.4 Adjoint Problem and Optimality Condition.- 6. Consequences of the Optimality Condition (I).- 6.1 Generalities.- 6.2 Consequences of Theorem 6.1.- 7. Consequences of the Optimality Condition (II).- 7.1 Additional Hypotheses.- 7.2 Optimality Condition.- 8. Complements on the Choice of the Spaces Ki.- 8.1 Orientation.- 8.2 Choice of K1(Q).- 8.3 Choice of K2(?).- 8.4 Choice of K3(?).- 9. Examples.- 10. Non-Parabolic Cases. Statement of the Problems. Generalities.- 10.1 Notation.- 10.2 Cost Function.- 10.3 Optimality Condition (I).- 10.4 Adjoint Problem.- 10.5 Green’s Formula.- 10.6 Optimality Condition (II).- 10.7 Consequences.- 11. Applications. Examples.- 11.1 Control in the Boundary Conditions.- 11.2 Choice of K1.- 11.3 Choice of K2.- 11.4 Examples.- 12. Comments.- 13. Problems.- Boundary Value Problems and Operator Extensions.- 1. Statement of the Problem. Well-Posed Spaces.- 1.1 Notation.- 2. Abstract Boundary Conditions.- 2.1 Boundary Spaces and Operators.- 2.2 Characterization of Well-Posed Spaces.- 3. Example 1. Elliptic Operators.- 3.1 Notation.- 3.2 The Boundary Operators and Spaces.- 3.3 Consequences.- 3.4 Various Remarks.- 4. Example 2. Parabolic Operators.- 4.1 Notation.- 4.2 The Boundary Operators and Spaces.- 4.3 Consequences.- 5.1 Notation.- 5.2 Formal Results.- 6. Comments and Problems.

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Book SynopsisThis self-contained monograph presents matrix algorithms and their analysis. The new technique enables not only the solution of linear systems but also the approximation of matrix functions, e.g., the matrix exponential. Other applications include the solution of matrix equations, e.g., the Lyapunov or Riccati equation. The required mathematical background can be found in the appendix.The numerical treatment of fully populated large-scale matrices is usually rather costly. However, the technique of hierarchical matrices makes it possible to store matrices and to perform matrix operations approximately with almost linear cost and a controllable degree of approximation error. For important classes of matrices, the computational cost increases only logarithmically with the approximation error. The operations provided include the matrix inversion and LU decomposition.Since large-scale linear algebra problems are standard in scientific computing, the subject of hierarchical matrices is of interest to scientists in computational mathematics, physics, chemistry and engineering.Trade Review“Every line of the book reflects that the author is the leading expert for hierarchical matrices. … Hierarchical matrices: algorithms and analysis is without a doubt a beautiful, comprehensive introduction to hierarchical matrices that can serve as both a graduate level textbook and a valuable resource for future research.” (Thomas Mach, Mathematical Reviews, April, 2017)“The book ‘Hierarchical matrices: algorithms and analysis’ is a self-contained monograph which presents an efficient possibility to handle the numerical treatment of fully populated large scale matrices appearing in scientific computations, and therefore it is of interest to scientists in computational mathematics, physics, chemistry and engineering.” (Constantin Popa, zbMATH 1336.65041, 2016)Table of ContentsPreface.- Part I: Introductory and Preparatory Topics.- 1. Introduction.- 2. Rank-r Matrices.- 3. Introductory Example.- 4. Separable Expansions and Low-Rank Matrices.- 5. Matrix Partition.- Part II: H-Matrices and Their Arithmetic.- 6. Definition and Properties of Hierarchical Matrices.- 7. Formatted Matrix Operations for Hierarchical Matrices.- 8. H2-Matrices.- 9. Miscellaneous Supplements.- Part III: Applications.- 10. Applications to Discretised Integral Operators.- 11. Applications to Finite Element Matrices.- 12. Inversion with Partial Evaluation.- 13. Eigenvalue Problems.- 14. Matrix Functions.- 15. Matrix Equations.- 16. Tensor Spaces.- Part IV: Appendices.- A. Graphs and Trees.- B. Polynomials.- C. Linear Algebra and Functional Analysis.- D. Sinc Functions and Exponential Sums.- E. Asymptotically Smooth Functions.- References.- Index.

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Book SynopsisEinleitung.- Teil I Numerische Methoden der linearen Algebra. Grundlagen der linearen Algebra.- Lineare Gleichungssysteme.- Orthogonalisierungsverfahren und die QR-Zerlegung.- Berechnung von Eigenwerten.- Teil II Numerische Methoden der Analysis. Nullstellenbestimmung.- Numerische Iterationsverfahren für lineare Gleichungssysteme.- Interpolation und Approximation.- Verzeichnis der Exkurse.- Literaturverzeichnis.- Sachverzeichnis.

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Book SynopsisThe book serves as an introductory course for undergraduate and graduate students in engineering, science, and mathematics, encompassing all disciplines. It addresses key topics, such as numerical computation, linear systems of equations, algebraic and transcendental equation solutions, numerical differentiation, finite differences and interpolation, curve fitting, regression and correlation, numerical integration, and ordinary and partial differential equation solutions. The books language is simple and easy to understand, presented in a systematic and student-friendly manner, with a focus on numerical problem-solving. The balance between theory and practical examples is well-maintained. Each concept is supported by examples, which are unavailable in other books, helping students to better understand and remember the material. Exercise questions are provided at the end of each chapter for further practice.

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Book SynopsisEste livro é uma introdução ao Cálculo Científico. O seu objectivo consiste em apresentar vários métodos numéricos para resolver no computador certos problemas matemáticos que não podem ser tratados de maneira mais simples. São abordadas questões clássicas como o cálculo de zeros ou de integrais de funções contínuas, a resolução de sistemas lineares, a aproximação de funções por polinómios e a construção de aproximações precisas de soluções de equações diferenciais. Todos os algoritmos são apresentados nas linguagens de programação MATLAB e Octave, cujos comandos e instruções principais se introduzem de forma gradual, visando em particular a sua compatibilidade nas duas linguagens. O leitor pode assim verificar experimentalmente propriedades teóricas como a estabilidade, a precisão e a complexidade. O livro inclui ainda a resolução de problemas através de numerosos exercícios e exemplos, frequentemente ligados a aplicações concretas. No fim de cada capítulo encontra-se uma secção específica que apresenta assuntos não abordados e as referências bibliográficas que permitem ao leitor aprofundar os conhecimentos adquiridos.Table of ContentsO que não se pode ignorar.- Equações não lineares.- Aproximação de funções e de dados.- Derivação e integração numéricas.- Sistemas lineares.- Valores próprios e vectores próprios.- Equações diferenciais ordinárias.- Métodos numéricos para problemas de valores iniciais e na fronteira.- Soluções dos exercícios.

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Book SynopsisUnderstanding earth systems and its dynamic behavior requires objective insights into the complex observational data sets and their interrelationships. Drawing meaningful inferences from such data is not always an easy task as the deterministic relationships between various geological variables often remain obscured. These interrelationships need to be determined empirically through the analysis of a large set of data and validated through numerical simulations. The ever widening horizon of techniques of numerical analysis and simulation now provides a good number of tools to aid the interpretation. However, due to the inherent complexity of earth science data, expert supervision is required at all stages of analysis from collection to dissemination. This ensures that the most appropriate methodology is adopted and the results remain consistent with the geological principles. Discussions on these practical issues often lie beyond the scope of textbooks and this is precisely where this book is placed. In this book eminent geoscientists present their experiences in analyzing and managing earth science data as well as in designing numerical models to simulate earth processes. Apart from giving a discourse of their own approach towards a particular research problem they also discuss at length the relative merits of alternative methodologies. These seven authoritative articles, richly illustrated, will be a valuable resource for research students and professionals interested in research and teaching in various branches of earth science like, tectonics, GPS geodesy, sedimentology, geographical information science, and evolutionary biology.Table of Contents1. Active deformation in the Darjiling-Sikkim Himalaya based on 2000-2004 geodetic global positioning system measurements. 2. Preliminary results of a study of crustal deformation in the Himalayan Frontal zone in North Bengal using GPS Geodesy. 3. Spatial and temporal variations of the strain fields in orogenic belts: an analysis based on kinematic models. 4. Grain size distribution patterns of some rivers in the light of three model distributions. 5. Estimation of shape changes of skull roof bones in Benthosuchus Sushkini, a Temnospondyl amphibian from the Triassic of Russia. 6. Spatial mathematical models for mineral potential mapping. 7. Enterprise GIS in Geological Survey of India.

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Book SynopsisThis book deals with the application of spectral methods to problems of uncertainty propagation and quanti?cation in model-based computations. It speci?cally focuses on computational and algorithmic features of these methods which are most useful in dealing with models based on partial differential equations, with special att- tion to models arising in simulations of ?uid ?ows. Implementations are illustrated through applications to elementary problems, as well as more elaborate examples selected from the authors’ interests in incompressible vortex-dominated ?ows and compressible ?ows at low Mach numbers. Spectral stochastic methods are probabilistic in nature, and are consequently rooted in the rich mathematical foundation associated with probability and measure spaces. Despite the authors’ fascination with this foundation, the discussion only - ludes to those theoretical aspects needed to set the stage for subsequent applications. The book is authored by practitioners, and is primarily intended for researchers or graduate students in computational mathematics, physics, or ?uid dynamics. The book assumes familiarity with elementary methods for the numerical solution of time-dependent, partial differential equations; prior experience with spectral me- ods is naturally helpful though not essential. Full appreciation of elaborate examples in computational ?uid dynamics (CFD) would require familiarity with key, and in some cases delicate, features of the associated numerical methods. Besides these shortcomings, our aim is to treat algorithmic and computational aspects of spectral stochastic methods with details suf?cient to address and reconstruct all but those highly elaborate examples.Table of ContentsIntroduction: Uncertainty Quantification and Propagation.- Basic Formulations.- Spectral Expansions.- Non-intrusive Methods.- Galerkin Methods.- Detailed Elementary Applications.- Application to Navier-Stokes Equations.- Advanced topics.- Solvers for Stochastic Galerkin Problems.- Wavelet and Multiresolution Analysis Schemes.- Adaptive Methods.- Epilogue.

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Book SynopsisAddressing students and researchers as well as Computational Fluid Dynamics practitioners, this book is the most comprehensive review of high-resolution schemes based on the principle of Flux-Corrected Transport (FCT). The foreword by J.P. Boris and historical note by D.L. Book describe the development of the classical FCT methodology for convection-dominated transport problems, while the design philosophy behind modern FCT schemes is explained by S.T. Zalesak. The subsequent chapters present various improvements and generalizations proposed over the past three decades. In this new edition, recent results are integrated into existing chapters in order to describe significant advances since the publication of the first edition. Also, 3 new chapters were added in order to cover the following topics: algebraic flux correction for finite elements, iterative and linearized FCT schemes, TVD-like flux limiters, acceleration of explicit and implicit solvers, mesh adaptation, failsafe limiting for systems of conservation laws, flux-corrected interpolation (remapping), positivity preservation in RANS turbulence models, and the use of FCT as an implicit subgrid scale model for large eddy simulations.Table of ContentsThe conception, gestation, birth and infancy of FCT.- The design of flux-corrected transport (FCT) algorithms for structured grids.- On monotonically integrated large eddy simulation of tubulent flows based on FCT algorithms.- Large scale urban simulations with FCT.- 30 years of FCT.- Algebraic flux corretion I.- Algebraic flux correction II.- Algebraic flux correction III.- Algebraic flux correction IV.- An evaluation of the FCT method for high-speed flows.- Flux-corrected and optimization-based remap.

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Book SynopsisThis book discusses unconstrained optimization with R—a free, open-source computing environment, which works on several platforms, including Windows, Linux, and macOS. The book highlights methods such as the steepest descent method, Newton method, conjugate direction method, conjugate gradient methods, quasi-Newton methods, rank one correction formula, DFP method, BFGS method and their algorithms, convergence analysis, and proofs. Each method is accompanied by worked examples and R scripts. To help readers apply these methods in real-world situations, the book features a set of exercises at the end of each chapter. Primarily intended for graduate students of applied mathematics, operations research and statistics, it is also useful for students of mathematics, engineering, management, economics, and agriculture.Table of Contents1. Introduction.- 2. Mathematical Foundations.- 3. Basics of R.- 4. First Order and Second Order Necessary Conditions.- 5. One Dimensional Optimization Methods.- 6. Steepest Descent Method.- 7. Newton’s Method.- 8. Conjugate Direction Methods.- 9. Quasi-Newton Methods.

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Book SynopsisThis two-volume book provides an insight into the 10th International Conference on Soft Computing for Problem Solving (SocProS 2020). This international conference is a joint technical collaboration of Soft Computing Research Society and Indian Institute of Technology Indore. The book presents the latest achievements and innovations in the interdisciplinary areas of soft computing. It brings together the researchers, engineers and practitioners to discuss thought-provoking developments and challenges, in order to select potential future directions. It covers original research papers in the areas including but not limited to algorithms (artificial immune system, artificial neural network, genetic algorithm, genetic programming and particle swarm optimization) and applications (control systems, data mining and clustering, finance, weather forecasting, game theory, business and forecasting applications). The book will be beneficial for young as well as experienced researchers dealing across complex and intricate real-world problems for which finding a solution by traditional methods is a difficult task.Table of ContentsSwarm Programming using Multi-Verse Optimizer.- Muzzle Pattern based Cattle Identification Using Generative Adversarial Networks.- Diverse Sports Video Classification Using Large Space MPEG Features.- An Intelligent Method for Plastic Money Fraud Detection using Isolation Forest Classifier.- Mixed Differential Evolution and Genetic Algorithm Hybridization for Solving Global Optimization Problems.- Energy Neutral Classroom.

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Book SynopsisThis two-volume book provides an insight into the 10th International Conference on Soft Computing for Problem Solving (SocProS 2020). This international conference is a joint technical collaboration of Soft Computing Research Society and Indian Institute of Technology Indore. The book presents the latest achievements and innovations in the interdisciplinary areas of soft computing. It brings together the researchers, engineers and practitioners to discuss thought-provoking developments and challenges, in order to select potential future directions. It covers original research papers in the areas including but not limited to algorithms (artificial immune system, artificial neural network, genetic algorithm, genetic programming and particle swarm optimization) and applications (control systems, data mining and clustering, finance, weather forecasting, game theory, business and forecasting applications). The book will be beneficial for young as well as experienced researchers dealing across complex and intricate real-world problems for which finding a solution by traditional methods is a difficult task.Table of ContentsA deep semi-supervised approach for multi-label land-cover classification under scarcity of labelled images.- Role of individual samples in Modified Possibilistic c-Means classifier for handling heterogeneity within mustard crop.- Specially Structured Flow Shop Scheduling Models with processing times as Trapezoidal Fuzzy Numbers to optimize Waiting time of Jobs.- Potential Fishing Zone Characterization in the Indian Ocean by Machine Learning Approach.- A novel method to optimize interval length for intuitionistic fuzzy time series.- Low Altitude Unmanned Aerial Vehicle For Real Time Green House Plant Disease Monitoring Using Convolutional Neural Network.

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Book SynopsisThis book’s aim is to study the mathematical and computational models to analyze the progress, prognosis, prevention, and panacea of breast cancer. The book discusses application of Markov chains and transient mappings, Charlie–Simpson numerical algorithm, models represented by nonlinear reaction–diffusion-type partial differential equations, and related techniques. The book also attempts to design mathematical model of targeted strategic treatments by using Skilled Killer Drugs (SKD1 and SKD2) to suggest the improvisation of future cancer treatments. Both graduate students and researchers of computational biology and oncologists will benefit by studying this book. Researchers of cancer studies and biological sciences will also find this work helpful.Table of ContentsIntroduction.- Statistics: The Backgrounds & The Basis.- Attacker & Defender Model: The Dynamics of the Immune System.- Mathematical Modeling of Metastatic Cancer.- Mathematical/Computational Modeling of Advanced Immunotherapy.- Mathematical Modeling & Computational Studies On The War Against Breast Cancer.- Gene Therapy.- The Smartest Fighters.- Nutritional Therapy.- The Fateful Code & The Future Course.- Conclusion.

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Book SynopsisThis book collects select papers presented at the International Conference on Applications of Basic Sciences, held at Tiruchirappalli, Tamil Nadu, India, from 19-21 November 2019. The book discusses topics on singular perturbation problems, differential equations, numerical analysis, fuzzy logics, fuzzy differential equations, and mathematical physics, and their interdisciplinary applications in all areas of basic sciences: mathematics, physics, chemistry, and biology. It will be useful to researchers and scientists in all disciplines of basic sciences. This book will be very useful to know the different scientific approaches for a single physical system.Table of Contents1. Virtual Element Method for Singularly Perturbed Reaction-Diffusion Problems on Polygonal Domains: J.L. Gracia and D. Irisarri.- 2. Global Uniform Convergence for Weakly Coupled System of Singularly Perturbed Convection Diffusion Problems: S. Chandra Sekhara Rao, Varsha Srivastava, and Abhay Kumar Chaturvedi.- 3. A Parameter Uniform Fitted Mesh Method for a Weakly Coupled System of Three Partially Singularly Perturbed Convection-Diffusion Equations: Valarmathi Sigamani, Saravana Sankar Kalaiselvan, John J H Miller.- 4. Numerical Method for a Boundary Value Problem for a Linear System of Partially Singularly Perturbed Parabolic Delay Differential Equations of Reaction-Diffusion Type: Parthiban Saminathan and Franklin Victor.- 5. A First-Order Convergent Parameter Uniform Numerical Method for a Singularly Perturbed Second-Order Delay-Differential Equation of Reaction-Diffusion Type with a Discontinuous Source Term: Manikandan Mariappan, John J H Miller, Valarmathi Sigamani.- 6. Fitted Numerical Method with Linear Interpolation for Third-Order Singularly Perturbed Delay Problems: R. Mahendran and V. Subburayan.- 7. A Parameter Uniform Essentially First-Order Convergence of a Fitted Mesh Method for a Class of Parabolic Singularly Perturbed Robin Problem for a System of Reaction-Diffusion Equations: R. Ishwariya, Valarmathi Sigamani, John J H Miller.- 8. Finite Difference Method and Analysis for First-Order Hyperbolic Delay Differential Equations: S. Karthick and V. Subburayan.- 9. Fitted Mesh Methods for a Class of Weakly Coupled System of Singularly Perturbed Convection-Diffusion Equations: Saravana Sankar Kalaiselvan, Valarmathi Sigamani, John J H Miller.- 10. Numerical Analysis of a Finite Difference Method for a Linear System of Singularly Perturbed Parabolic Delay Differential Reaction-Diffusion Equations with Discontinuous Source Terms: Parthiban Saminathan and Franklin Victor.

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Book SynopsisThis book contains select papers on mathematical analysis and modeling, discrete mathematics, fuzzy sets, and soft computing. All the papers were presented at the international conference on FIM28-SCMSPS20 virtually held at Sri Sivasubramaniya Nadar (SSN) College of Engineering, Chennai, India, and Stella Maris College (Autonomous), Chennai, from November 23–27, 2020. The conference was jointly held with the support of the Forum for Interdisciplinary Mathematics. Both the invited articles and submitted papers were broadly grouped under three heads: Part 1 on analysis and modeling (six chapters), Part 2 on discrete mathematics and applications (six chapters), and Part 3 on fuzzy sets and soft computing (three chapters).Table of ContentsPART I ANALYSIS AND MODELLINGThe Second- and Third-order Hermitian Toeplitz Determinants for Some Subclasses of Analytic Functions Associated with Exponential Function,P.Gurusamy, R. Jayasankar and S. SivasubramanianSome Results on a Starlike Class with Respect to $(j, m) $-symmetric FunctionsK. Renuka Devi, S. Sivasubramanian, Hamid Shamsan and S. LathaExperimental Evaluation of Four Intermediate Filters to Improve the Motion Field EstimationVanel Lazcano and Claudio Isa-MohorOn the $s^{th}$ Derivative of a PolynomialBarchand Chanam and Kshetrimayum KrishnadasOn the Problem of Pricing a Double Barrier Option in a Modified Black–Scholes Environment G. Venkiteswaran and S. UdayabaskaranCaputo Sequential Fractional Differential Equations with ApplicationsAghalaya S. Vatsala and Govinda PageniPART II DISCRETE MATHEMATICS AND APPLICATIONSHerscovici’s Conjecture on Product of Some Complete Bipartite GraphsA. Lourdusamy and S. Saratha NellainayakiOn Fault-Tolerant Metric Dimension of Heptagonal Circular Ladder and Its Related GraphsSunny Kumar Sharma and Vijay Kumar BhatBKS Fuzzy Inference Employing h-ImplicationsSayantan Mandal and Balasubramaniam Jayaram Note on Distributivity of Different String Operations over Language SetsUjjwal Kumar Mishra, Kalpana Mahalingam and Rama RaghavanA Generalization of Chi-binding FunctionsM. A. Shalu and T. P. SandhyaA Short Proof of Ore’s f-factor Theorem using FlowsSriraman Sridharan and Patrick VilamajoPART III FUZZY SETS AND SOFT COMPUTINGA Decision-making Problem Involving Soft Fuzzy Number Valued Information System: Energy Efficient Light Emitting Diode BlubsFelbin C. Kennedy, Masilla Moses Kennedy, Arul Roselet Meryline S. andJayachandiran M.Role of Single-valued Linear Octagonal Neutrosophic Numbers in Multi-attribute Decision-making ProblemsSubasri S., Arul Roselet Meryline S. and Felbin C. Kennedy

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Book SynopsisThis book publishes select papers presented at the 4th International Conference on Frontiers in Industrial and Applied Mathematics (FIAM-2021), held at the Sant Longowal Institute of Engineering and Technology, Longowal, Punjab, India, from 21–22 December 2021. Most of the papers deal with mathematical theory embedded with its applications to engineering and sciences. This book illustrates numerical simulation of scientific problems and the state-of-the-art research in industrial and applied mathematics, including various computational and modeling techniques with case studies and concrete examples. Graduate students and researchers, who are interested in real applications of mathematics in the areas of computational and theoretical fluid dynamics, solid mechanics, optimization and operations research, numerical analysis, bio-mathematics, fuzzy, control and systems theory, dynamical systems and nonlinear analysis, algebra and approximation theory, will find the book useful. Table of ContentsC. Özman, T. Saner, F. Gül, M. Diederich, A. C. Benim, and U. Janoske, Computational and Experimental Investigation of Flow and Convective Heat Transfer along Rough Surfaces.- M. Kumar, Neelesh S. Upadhye, and A. K. B. Chand, Distribution of Noise in Linear Recurrent Fractal Interpolation Functions for Data Sets with α-Stable Noise.- Maggie E. Habeeb, Oblivious Transfer using Non-abelian Groups.- P. Kushwah and J. Saha, Solution of Population Balance Equation using Homotopy Analysis Method.- V. Singh, Waseem A. Khan, and A. Sharma, Certain Properties and their Volterra Integral Equation Associated with the Second-Kind Chebyshev Matrix Polynomials in Two Variables.- R. Saranya, N. Annapoorani, and J. Saha, Blow-up Analysis and Global Existence of Solutions for a Fractional Reaction-Diffusion Equation.- N. Rani and V. Mishra, Ways of Constructing Multiplicative Magic Cubes.- S. Singh Rawat and Komal, Novel q-Rung Orthopair Fuzzy Hamacher Dual Muirhead Mean Operator for Multi-Attribute Decision Making.- A. Srivastava and B. S. Bhadauria, Convective Instability in a Composite Nanofluid Layer under Local Thermal Non-equilibrium.- N. Madaan and S. Sharma, Investigation of Traffic Dynamics Considering Driver’s Characteristics and Downstream Traffic Conditions.- R. Pasupathi, M. A. Navascués, and A. K. B. Chand, Fractal Convolution Bessel Sequences on Rectangle.- S. Devaiya and S. K. Srivastava, Uniform Approximation of Functions Belonging to L[0,∞)-space Using Cγ.T Means of Fourier-Laguerre Series.- M. Diederich, F. Gül, C. Özman, A. C. Benim, L. Ihringer, and D. Möller, Numerical Modelling and Experimental Validation of Mechanical Separation of Helminth Eggs for Wastewater Purification.- H. A. Kumara Swamy, Sankar Mani, N. Keerthi Reddy, and S. R. Sudheendra, Heat Transfer and Second Law Analysis of Ag-water Nanoliquid in a Non-Uniformly Heated Porous Annulus.- Anjali and M. K. Singh, Qualitative Analysis of Peer Influence Effects on Testing of Infectious Disease Model.- R. Goel, R. C. Mittal, and N. Ahlawat, B-Splines Collocation Approach to Simulate Secondary Dengue Virus (DENV) Infection Model with Diffusion.- A. Kumar, B.S Bhadauria, and A. Srivastava, Study of Heat and Mass Transfer in a Composite Nanofluid Layer.- Bhagwat R. Yewale and Deepak B. Pachpatte, On the Existence and Stability Analysis for Ψ-Caputo Fractional Boundary-value Problem.- R. Rath and K. Sharma, Alternative Crack-tip Enrichment Functions for XFEM in Arbitrary Polarized Piezoelectric Media.- S. C. Sekhara Rao and A. K. Chaturvedi, Convergence Analysis of a Layer Resolving Numerical Technique for a Class of Coupled System of Singularly Perturbed Parabolic Convection-Diffusion Equations having an Interface.- P. Megha and G. Chandhini, Filtering in Time-dependent Problems.- N. Gupta and N. Kanth, Heat Transfer Model for Silk Finishing Calendar.- H. D. Arora, A. Naithani, and Aakanksha, A Multi-attribute Decision Making Approach for Fuzzy Divergence Measure in Selection of Covid-19 Vaccine.- N. Singh and Manish K. Khandelwal, Magnetohydrodynamic Mixed Convection Flow in a Vertical Channel Filled with Porous Media.- A. Ali, R. P. Sharma, and A. Zishan, Group Action on Fuzzy Ideals of Near-Rings.- R. Revathi, D. Narsimhulu, and A. Ramu, Effect of Viscosity on the Spherical Shock Wave Propagation in a Dusty Gas with Radiation Heat Flux and Exponentially Varying Density.- M. Arora and R. Bajaj, On the Stability of a Heated Inclined Fluid Layer with Gravity Modulation.- S. C. Srivastava, N. K. Thakur, and A. Pramanayagam, Dynamical Study of an Epidemiological Model with Harvesting and Infection in Prey Population.- G. Raiya and M. Mittal, Joint Decisions on Imperfect Production Process and Carbon Emission Reduction Under Carbon Regulations.- S. Naskar, N. Islam, R. Gayen, and R. Datta, Propagation of Water Waves in the Presence of a Horizontal Plate Submerged in a Two-layer Fluid.- P. Saini, Transversely Isotropic Homogeneous Medium with Absorbing Boundary Conditions: Elastic Wave Propagation using Spectral Element Method.- K. B. Devi, Reingachan N., and T. B. Singh, Growth of Polynomials having No-zero Inside a Circle.- V. Siwach, Manju S. Tonk, and H. Poonia, Simulation of Queues in Sugar Mills using Monte-Carlo Technique.- R. Singla, G. Singh, and V. Kanwar, An Adaptive Step-size Optimized Seventh-order Hybrid Block Method for Integrating Differential Systems Efficiently.- M. Diederich, L. Di Bartolo, and A. C. Benim, Comparison of Prediction Accuracy between Interpolation and Artificial Intelligence Application of CFD Data for 3D Cavity Flow.- J. Tushar, A. Kumar, and S. Kumar, Virtual Element Methods for Optimal Control Problems Governed by Elliptic Interface Problems.- Vijay and A.K.B. Chand, Positivity Preserving Rational Quartic Spline Zipper Fractal Interpolation Functions.- Z. Mkhize, N. Parumasurand, and P. Singh, Heptic Hermite Collocation on Finite Elements.- J. Raj Sharma and H. Singh, A Computationally Efficient Sixth-order Method for Nonlinear Models.- S. Panday, W. H. Chanu, and Y. N. Devi, New Higher Order Iterative Method for Multiple Roots of Nonlinear Equations.- M. Singh and A. Gupta, Separation Axioms in Bipolar Fuzzy Topological Spaces.- V. Singh and B. Singh, A Study of Ciric Type Generalized Contraction via B-contraction with Application.- D. Amin and D. B. Singh, Evolution of Weak Discontinuities in a Perfectly Conducting Mixture of Gas and Dust Particles.- S. Chawla and S. C. Sekhara Rao, Numerical Treatment for a Coupled System of Singularly Perturbed Reaction Diffusion Equations with Robin Boundary Conditions and having Boundary and Interior Layers.- M. Arora, M. Danesh, and A. Rana, Double-Diffusive Convection with the Effect of Rotation in Magnetic Nanofluids.- R. Sasikumar and P. Arriyamuthu, Modeling for Implications of Covid-19 Pandemic on Healthcare System in India.

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Book SynopsisThis book helps the reader make use of the mathematical models of biological phenomena starting from the basics of programming and computer simulation. Computer simulations based on a mathematical model enable us to find a novel biological mechanism and predict an unknown biological phenomenon. Mathematical biology could further expand the progress of modern life sciences. Although many biologists are interested in mathematical biology, they do not have experience in mathematics and computer science. An educational course that combines biology, mathematics, and computer science is very rare to date. Published books for mathematical biology usually explain the theories of established mathematical models, but they do not provide a practical explanation for how to solve the differential equations included in the models, or to establish such a model that fits with a phenomenon of interest. MATLAB is an ideal programming platform for the beginners of computer science. This book starts from the very basics about how to write a programming code for MATLAB (or Octave), explains how to solve ordinary and partial differential equations, and how to apply mathematical models to various biological phenomena such as diabetes, infectious diseases, and heartbeats. Some of them are original models, newly developed for this book. Because MATLAB codes are embedded and explained throughout the book, it will be easy to catch up with the text. In the final chapter, the book focuses on the mathematical model of the proneural wave, a phenomenon that guarantees the sequential differentiation of neurons in the brain. This model was published as a paper from the author’s lab (Sato et al., PNAS 113, E5153, 2016), and was intensively explained in the book chapter “Notch Signaling in Embryology and Cancer”, published by Springer in 2020. This book provides the reader who has a biological background with invaluable opportunities to learn and practice mathematical biology.Table of Contents1. Preparation.- 2. Introduction to MATLAB programming .- 3. Simulating time variations in life phenomena.- 4. Simulating temporal and spatial changes in biological phenomena.

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Book SynopsisThis open access book serves as a compact source of information on sine cosine algorithm (SCA) and a foundation for developing and advancing SCA and its applications. SCA is an easy, user-friendly, and strong candidate in the field of metaheuristics algorithms. Despite being a relatively new metaheuristic algorithm, it has achieved widespread acceptance among researchers due to its easy implementation and robust optimization capabilities. Its effectiveness and advantages have been demonstrated in various applications ranging from machine learning, engineering design, and wireless sensor network to environmental modeling. The book provides a comprehensive account of the SCA, including details of the underlying ideas, the modified versions, various applications, and a working MATLAB code for the basic SCA.Table of ContentsIntroduction.- Sine Cosine Algorithm.- Sine Cosine Algorithm for Multi-Objective Optimization.- Sine Cosine Algorithm for Discrete Optimization Problems.- Advancements in the Sine Cosine Algorithm.- Conclusion and Further Research Directions.

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Book SynopsisThis Finite Element Method offers a fundamental and practical introduction to the finite element method, its variants, and their applications in engineering. Every concept is introduced in the simplest possible setting, while maintaining a level of treatment that is as rigorous as possible without being unnecessarily abstract. Various finite elements in one, two, and three space dimensions are introduced, and their applications to elliptic, parabolic, hyperbolic, and nonlinear equations and to solid mechanics, fluid mechanics, and porous media flow problems are addressed. The variants include the control volume, multipoint flux approximation, nonconforming, mixed, discontinuous, characteristic, adaptive, and multiscale finite element methods. Illustrative computer programs in Fortran and C++ are described. An extensive set of exercises are provided in each chapter. This book serves as a text a for one-semester course for upper-level undergraduates and beginning graduate students and as a professional reference for engineers, mathematicians, and scientists.Table of ContentsOne-Dimensional Model Problems; Two-Dimensional Model Problems; General Variational Formulation; One-Dimensional Elements and Their Properties; Two-Dimensional Elements and Their Properties; Three-Dimensional Elements and Their Properties; Finite Elements for Transient and Nonlinear Problems; Application to Solid Mechanics; Application to Fluid Mechanics; Application to Porous Media Flow; Other Finite Element Methods.

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Book SynopsisThis book reports the developments of the Total Least Square (TLS) algorithms for parameter estimation and adaptive filtering. Specifically, it introduces the authors' latest achievements in the past 20 years, including the recursive TLS algorithms, the approximate inverse power iteration TLS algorithm, the neural based MCA algorithm, the neural based SVD algorithm, the neural based TLS algorithm, the TLS algorithms under non-Gaussian noises, performance analysis methods of TLS algorithms, etc. In order to faster the understanding and mastering of the new methods provided in this book for readers, before presenting each new method in each chapter, a specialized section is provided to review the closely related several basis models. Throughout the book, large of procedure of new methods are provided, and all new algorithms or methods proposed by us are tested and verified by numerical simulations or actual engineering applications. Readers will find illustrative demonstration examples on a range of industrial processes to study. Readers will find out the present deficiency and recent developments of the TLS parameter estimation fields, and learn from the the authors' latest achievements or new methods around the practical industrial needs. In my opinion, this book can be assimilated by advanced undergraduates and graduate students, as well as statisticians, because of the new tools in data analysis, applied mathematics experts, because of the novel theories and techniques that we propose, engineers, above all for the applications in control, system identification, computer vision, and signal processing.

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Book SynopsisThis book collects select papers presented at the 7th International Arab Conference on Mathematics and Computations (IACMC 2022), held from 11–13 May 2022, at Zarqa University, Zarqa, Jordan. These papers discuss a new direction for mathematical sciences. Researchers, professionals and educators will be exposed to research results contributed by worldwide scholars in fundamental and advanced interdisciplinary mathematical research such as differential equations, dynamical systems, matrix analysis, numerical methods and mathematical modelling. The vision of this book is to establish prototypes in completed, current and future mathematical and applied sciences research from advanced and developing countries. The book is intended to make an intellectual contribution to the theory and practice of mathematics. This proceedings would connect scientists in this part of the world to the international level.Table of ContentsA. S. Salama and R. Abu Gdair: Generalized Neighborhood Systems Approach for Information Retrieval Systems.- Emad A. Kuffi, E. S. Abbas and S. F. Maktoof: Applying “Emad–Sara” Transform on Partial Differential Equations.- A. Al-Swaftah, A. Burqan and M. Khandaqji: Estimations of the Bounds for the Zeros of Polynomials Using Matrices.- B. Ghazal, R. Saadeh and G. Gharib: Applications on Formable Transform in Solving Integral Equations.- O. Tug: On the Eigenvalue of a Norlund Type Matrix as an Operator on the Sequence Spaces L1 and bv.- N. Tahat, Obaida M. Al-hazaimeh and S. Shatnawi: A New Authentication Scheme Based on Chaotic Maps and Factoring Problems.- R. B. Albadarneh, A. M. Adawi, Sa'ud Al-Sa'di, I. M. Batiha and S. Momani: A pro rata Definition of the Fractional-order Derivative.- S. Ibrahim, M. Muhammed Al-Kassab and M. Qasim Al-Awjar: Investigating Multicollinearity in Factors Affecting Number of Born Children in Iraq.- T. Alkharabsheh, K. shebrawi and M. Abu-sSaleem: Hilbert–Schmidt Numerical Radius Inequalities For Certain 2 x 2 Operator Matrices.- Y. A. Sabawi, Mardan A. Pirdawood, Hemn M. Rasool and S. Ibrahim: Model Reduction and Implicit–Explicit Runge–Kutta Schemes for Nonlinear Stiff Initial-value Problems.- G. M. Gharib, Maha S. Alsauodi, A. Guiatni, Mohammad A. Al-Omari and A. Al-Rahman M. Malkawi: Using Atomic Solution Method to Solve the Fractional Equations.- S. Ramadan: Analysis in the Algebra A(E).- S. rasem, A. Dababneh and Ma’mon Abu Hammad: Applications of Conformable Fractional Weibull Distribution.- O. Ramadan: Stable Second-order Explicit Runge–Kutta Finite Difference Time Domain Formulations for Modeling Graphene Nano-material Structures.- Ali Shehab, Ahmed M. R. El-Baz and A. M. Elmarhomy: Hydrodynamic Analysis and CFD Modeling of PAWEC Interacted with Regular Waves Using CFX.- M. Muhammed Al-Kassab and S. Ibrahim: Using Ridge Regression to Estimate Factors Affecting the Number of Births: A Comparative Study.- T. Hamadneh, J. Merker and G. Schuldt: Discrete Maximum Principle and Positivity Certificates for the Bernstein Dual Petrov–Galerkin Method.- A. Burqan, A. Sarhan and R. Saadez: Analytical Solutions of the Fractional Riccati Differential Equations Using Laplace Residual Power Series Method.- D. Andrica and O. Bagdasa: On the Dynamic Geometry of Kasner Triangles with Complex Parameter.- D. Amr and Ma’mon Abu Hammad: Application of Conformable Fractional Nakagami Distribution.- Rawya Al-deiakeh, Maha S. Alsauodi, S. Momani, Gharib M. Gharib and T. B. Salameh: Application of Laplace Residual Series Method for Solving Time-fractional Fisher Equation.- M. Hassen Eid Abu-Sei'leek: Self-consistent Single-particle Spectra with Delta Excitations.- I. M. Batiha, N. Djenina, A. Ouannas and T. E. Oussaeif: Fractional-order SEIR Covid-19 Model: Discretization and Stability Analysis.- A. Alsoboh and M. Darus: A q-Starlike Class of Harmonic Meromorphic Functions Defined by q-Derivative Operator.- J. Oudetallah, Z. Chebana, Taki-Eddine Oussaeif, A. Ouannas and I. M. Batiha: Theoretical Study of Explosion Phenomena for a Semi-parabolic Problem.- L. Szala: Explicit Formulae of Linear Recurrences.- R. Abu Sallik, J. Al Jaraden: The Influence of S-quasinormal Subgroups on the Structure of Finite Groups.- S. J. Ansari and V. R. Lakshmi Gorty: Two-sided Clifford Wavelet Function in Cl(p, q).- L. Nemeth and L. Szalay: Generalizations of the Fibonacci Sequence with Zig-zag Walks.- D. Wafula Waswa and M. Muhammed Al-Kassab: Mathematics Learning Challenges and Difficulties: A Students’ Perspective.- V.R. Ibrahimov, G.Yu. Mehdiyeva, Xiao-Guang Yue and M.N. Imanova: Finding Solution to the Initial Value Problem for ODEs First and Second Order by One and the Same Method.- Doaa Al-Saan: On Symmetric Matrices with One Positive Eigenvalue and the Interval Property of Some Matrix Classes.- N. Anakira, A. Hioual, A. Ouannas, Taki-Eddine Oussaeif and Iqbal M. Batiha: Global Asymptotic Stability for Discrete-time SEI Reaction-diffusion Model.- G. Eid, I. Jebril, Ma’mon Abu Hammad and D. AbuJudeh: Atomic Solution of Euler Equation.- Worood A. AL-hakim, Maha S. Alsauodi, Gharib M. Gharib, Fatima Alqasem and May Abu Jalbosh: Solving Nonlinear Fractional Coupled Burgers Equation by Sub-equation Method.- S. M. Alshorm: Groups in which the Commutator Subgroup is Cyclic.- M. A. Amleh: On Point Prediction of New Lifetimes under a Simple Step-stress Model for Censored Lomax Data.- Tareq M. Al-shami and Radwan Abu-Gdairi: Infra Soft B-open Sets and Their Applications on Infra Soft Topological Spaces.- Raed M. Khalil: An Algorithm of the Prey and Predator Struggle to Survive as a Random Walk Simulation Case Study.- W. Beghami, B. Maayah and S. Bushnaq: Numerical Study of a Nonlinear Fractional Mathematical Model of the Tumor Cells Chemotherapy Effect.- O. Ababneh and K. Al-Boureeny: New Modification Methods for Finding Zeros of Nonlinear Function.- Ioan-Lucian Popa, T. Ceausu, L. Elena Biris and A. Zada: On Tempered Exponential Trisplitting for Random Semi-Dynamical Systems.- H. El-Metwally, F. M. Masood, R. Abu-Gdairi and Tareq M. Al-shami: On q-Laplace Transforms.- N. R. Anakira, G.F. Bani-Hani and O. Ababneh: An Effective Procedure for Solving Linear and Non-linear Volterra Integro-differential Equations.- S. Alkhalely, A. Burqan and M. Muhammed Al-Kassab: New Estimations for Zeros of Polynomials Using Numerical Radius and Similarity of Matrices.- J. Jawdat: Strong Coproximinal Subspaces in Köthe Function Spaces.- E. Savas: A New Paranormed Sequence Spaces and Invariant Means.

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Book SynopsisThis open access book introduces the fundamentals of the space–time conservation element and solution element (CESE) method, which is a novel numerical approach for solving equations of physical conservation laws. It highlights the recent progress to establish various improved CESE schemes and its engineering applications. With attractive accuracy, efficiency, and robustness, the CESE method is particularly suitable for solving time-dependent nonlinear hyperbolic systems involving dynamical evolutions of waves and discontinuities. Therefore, it has been applied to a wide spectrum of problems, e.g., aerodynamics, aeroacoustics, magnetohydrodynamics, multi-material flows, and detonations. This book contains algorithm analysis, numerical examples, as well as demonstration codes. This book is intended for graduate students and researchers who are interested in the fields such as computational fluid dynamics (CFD), mechanical engineering, and numerical computation.Table of ContentsIntroduction.- Non-dissipative Core Scheme of CESE Method.- CESE Schemes with Numerical Dissipation.- Multi-Dimensional CESE Schemes on Cartesian Meshes.- CESE Schemes on Unstructured Meshes.- High-Order CESE Schemes.- Numerical Features of CESE Schemes.- Application: Hypersonic Aerodynamics.- Application: Compressible Multi-Fluid.- Other Applications.- Summary.

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Book SynopsisThis open access book introduces the fundamentals of the space–time conservation element and solution element (CESE) method, which is a novel numerical approach for solving equations of physical conservation laws. It highlights the recent progress to establish various improved CESE schemes and its engineering applications. With attractive accuracy, efficiency, and robustness, the CESE method is particularly suitable for solving time-dependent nonlinear hyperbolic systems involving dynamical evolutions of waves and discontinuities. Therefore, it has been applied to a wide spectrum of problems, e.g., aerodynamics, aeroacoustics, magnetohydrodynamics, multi-material flows, and detonations. This book contains algorithm analysis, numerical examples, as well as demonstration codes. This book is intended for graduate students and researchers who are interested in the fields such as computational fluid dynamics (CFD), mechanical engineering, and numerical computation.Table of ContentsIntroduction.- Non-dissipative Core Scheme of CESE Method.- CESE Schemes with Numerical Dissipation.- Multi-Dimensional CESE Schemes on Cartesian Meshes.- CESE Schemes on Unstructured Meshes.- High-Order CESE Schemes.- Numerical Features of CESE Schemes.- Application: Hypersonic Aerodynamics.- Application: Compressible Multi-Fluid.- Other Applications.- Summary.

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