Natural language and machine translation Books

Book SynopsisPerspectives on Artificial Intelligence in Times of Turbulence: Theoretical Background to Applications offers a comprehensive exploration of the intricate relationship between artificial intelligence (AI) and the ever-changing landscape of our society. The book defines AI as machines capable of performing tasks that were once exclusive to human cognition. However, it emphasizes the current limitations of AI, dispelling the notion of sophisticated cyborgs depicted in popular culture. These machines lack self-awareness, struggle with understanding context—especially in language—and are constrained by historical data and predefined parameters. This distinction sets the stage for examining AI's impact on the job market and the evolving roles of humans and machines. Rather than portraying AI as a threat, this book highlights the symbiotic relationship between humans and machines. It recognizes that while certain jobs may become obsolete, new opportunities will emerge. The unique abilities of human beings—such as relational skills, emotional intelligence, adaptability, and understanding of differences—will continue to be indispensable in a rapidly transforming society. The book further explores key objectives and strategies for organizations navigating the AI-driven landscape. From maintaining focus on strategic goals to adapting to new productivity paradigms, from fostering effective communication to promoting feedback and continuous improvement, the chapters provide practical insights and methodologies for managing change and harnessing AI's potential. Its perspectives cover a wide range of topics such as business sustainability, change management, cybersecurity, digital economy and transformation, information systems management, management models and tools, and continuous improvement are comprehensively addressed. Additionally, the book delves into healthcare, telemedicine, Health 4.0, privacy and security, knowledge management, learning, and presents real-world case studies. Designed for researchers and professionals seeking to enhance their knowledge and research capabilities, this book offers a consistent theoretical and practical foundation. It serves as a springboard for further studies, supports change management initiatives within organizations, and facilitates knowledge sharing among experts. This book is an essential companion for colleges with master's and Ph.D. degree investigators, and researchers across a wide range of disciplines.

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Book SynopsisLearn how to use ChatGPT, Bing Chat / Copilot, and Bard to get the most out of these powerful tools. ChatGPT has become a tool hundreds of millions use every day - yet few have mastered the art of sweet-talking these new AI chatbots into providing detailed and accurate responses to user prompts. It's vital for every professional tech user to have an understanding of how AI chatbots work, and how best to put them to work. While the fear is that AI will take people’s jobs, it is more likely to be someone using AI that will! Getting Started with ChatGPT and AI Chatbots explores the ‘big three’ AI chatbots - OpenAI ChatGPT, Microsoft / Windows Copilot and Google Bard - demystifying their operation, and providing a wealth of tools for thinking about how to talk to these smart tools. Whether you're a business user, a tech student, or a curious professional, this book is for you to understand and demystify Large Language Models (LLMs) and generative AI tools, harnessing them to enhance your role.Trade ReviewIn this ever so timely book, one of my favourite technologists Mark Pesce, takes us through and behind the screen to explain how the latest generation of AI chatbots actually work. But this is not a book about chatbots, this is a book about how to use AI-powered chatbots in daily life, and how to use them to their fullest potential. -- Genevieve Bell, The Australian National UniversityThis book is a must-read for anyone considering using generative AI in business. Authored in non-technical language, it walks through the origins of the first chatbot into the current generative AI landscape including ChatGPT, Copilot and Bard. Furthermore, the guidance on effective prompting to achieve the right results, and a list of critical dos and don'ts to protect sensitive data really make this an all-round winner. Top marks BCS, highly recommended! -- Pauline Norstrom, Founder and CEO, Anekanta® Consulting and Anekanta® AIThis book provides practical guidance on the use of a rapidly growing technologies referred to as AI chatbots, that offer a substantial productivity advantage to those adept at crafting precise prompts and understanding their diverse applications. It is a valuable resource for mastering these emerging tools, ensuring not only competitiveness but also enabling a focus on the creative and compelling facets of one's work. I highly recommend everyone to read this book and glean insights on wielding this potent power proficiently to remain competent. -- Rashik Parmar MBE FBCS, Group CEO, BCS, The Chartered Institute for ITIn late November 2022, ChatGPT introduced a major advance in Artificial Intelligence that surprised almost everyone, including many experts in AI. Trained on text from billions of books and webpages, it can thoughtfully answer questions on a huge variety of topics and languages. The increase in our capability to access human knowledge is analogous to the increase provided by the internet in 1993. For both technologies, getting good answers requires knowing how to ask the right questions. In this timely and important book, Mark Pesce, who has been at the forefront of new digital technologies for over 30 years, provides a compelling and comprehensive introduction to ChatGPT and how to use it. -- Professor Ken Goldberg, William S. Floyd Jr. Distinguished Chair in Engineering, UC BerkeleyEverything you need to educate yourself and your colleagues about the latest hot topic is found within these pages, it’s a must share for colleagues to stimulate conversations about how your business can best adopt AI safely and where you will find business cases. From useful tips on prompts to security concerns about data, biases, and hallucinations with comparisons, get the facts you need on AI here. These are exactly the kinds of conversations I’m having two or three times a day, helping organisations bring their AI aspirations in line with what their business needs are. -- David Starkings, AI Adoption Consultant, tts digital adoption solutionsGetting Started with ChatGPT and AI Chatbots is perfectly targeted to give an introduction to ChatGPT and AI Chatbots, it compares and contrasts a range of the major options and covers how each of the competing Chatbots can answer the same question very differently. It also poses some interesting thoughts around ‘Prompt Engineering’ and how this may become a whole new skillset that people need to learn. I thought that Chapter 6 brought insight to ‘hallucinations’ and how AI chatbots have the ability to sound very confident, even when they are wrong, the importance of fact checking and using human experts is stressed well. -- Richard Parker MBCS, Chair, AELP Sector Forum, IT & DigitalMark's book is a practical and pragmatic guide to contemporary spellcasting - the magic needed to evoke useful, safe and factual results from the emerging field of large language models. Importantly the book provides the framework needed to evaluate LLM's critically and ground them in reality - a must-have resource for explorers in this field. -- Bhautik Joshi, Principal Applied Scientist, CanvaEverybody is talking about AI, and soon it will be integrated into every part of our electronic devices - always on and always available. Getting Started with ChatGPT and AI Chatbots explains in an easy-to-understand way how AI works and how to get the best results from it, safely and securely. -- David Smith MBCS MIET, Lead Business Analyst, Lloyds Banking GroupWith this book, Mark creates a path to a dialog with new and emerging AI platforms, one that I’ll be referring to again and again as these technologies evolve. Ever heard of autonomous agents? You have now. A brilliant, timely, and superbly helpful pathfinder. -- Dr Catherine Ball PhD DSc GAICD, CompIEAust, Associate Professor, The Australian National UniversityAn essential read for those venturing into Generative AI, this book seamlessly blends historical and theoretical insights with practical examples. The book adeptly navigates concerns surrounding Generative AI, making it a valuable resource for students, academics, and professionals alike. -- Professor Lasith Gunawardena FBCS, Department Head of Information Technology, University of Sri Jayewardenepura, Sri LankaIf you’ve only dabbled or toyed with ChatGPT or other generative AI tools, you’ll find Mark Pesce’s book invaluable. The book will educate you about how to use AI chatbots effectively and safely. It covers the basics of various chatbots, the technology behind them, and the concept of 'prompt engineering' to elicit desired responses. It also addresses safety and security concerns and explores advanced techniques like using personas and chain-of-reason prompts. Highly recommended! -- Tim Clements FBCS CITP FIP CIPP/E CIPM CIPT, Business Owner, Purpose and MeansA concise yet thorough take on AI and how to use it to its advantage. Taking us from our place of trust in the output of computers to encourage us think further about what we input, and to question the completion. ‘If you wouldn’t shout it from the rooftop, you shouldn’t type it into a chatbot.’ -- Kym Glover CITP MBCS MAPM, Program Manager, ForgeRock.Not yet started with an AI chatbot? This book is your call-to-action and your how-to rolled into one. A smooth and informative read that'll kickstart your practical learning and give you great ideas to get the best out of Generative AIs. A real confidence builder. -- Bronia Anderson-Kelly, IT Change Consultant, Sabiduria LtdThis book is a fantastic resource for anyone starting out with Gen AI tools. It not only covers the fundamental aspects of the leading Gen AI tools available today, but also the essentials of prompt engineering. With the widespread adoption of Gen AI in the coming years, just like the internet, this book is a useful guide. Mark not only provides a solid foundation in the basics but also delivers valuable insights into the history and potential future of these tools. Highly recommended for its clarity and depth. -- Graeme Vermeulen, Head of Technical Architecture, AdvancedTable of ContentsIntroduction 1. Getting Started 2. How AI Chatbots Work 3. Security and Privacy 4. Simple Prompts 5. Reasoning and Summarising 6. Truthiness and Chatbots 7. Character, Context and Conflict 8. Using Character, Context and Challenge to Craft Powerful Prompts 9. Chain of Thought Prompts 10. Computer Says No 11. Creating Images with Bing Chat 12. Windows Copilot 13. Autonomous Agents 14. Will and AI Chatbot Take My Job 15. What the Future Holds / Next Steps

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Book SynopsisIn the global research community, English has become the main language of scholarly publishing in many disciplines. At the same time, online machine translation systems have become increasingly easy to access and use. Is this a researcher’s match made in heaven, or the road to publication perdition? Here Lynne Bowker and Jairo Buitrago Ciro introduce the concept of machine translation literacy, a new kind of literacy for scholars and librarians in the digital age. For scholars, they explain how machine translation works, how it is (or could be) used for scholarly communication, and how both native and non-native English-speakers can write in a translation-friendly way in order to harness its potential. Native English speakers can continue to write in English, but expand the global reach of their research by making it easier for their peers around the world to access and understand their works, while non-native English speakers can write in their mother tongues, but leverage machine translation technology to help them produce draft publications in English. For academic librarians, the authors provide a framework for supporting researchers in all disciplines as they grapple with producing translation-friendly texts and using machine translation for scholarly communication—a form of support that will only become more important as campuses become increasingly international and as universities continue to strive to excel on the global stage. Machine Translation and Global Research is a must-read for scientists, researchers, students, and librarians eager to maximize the global reach and impact of any form of scholarly work.Trade ReviewBowker and Ciro describe ways that machine translation is used in the context of scholarly communication, and suggest how to use it more effectively. Getting an online machine translation is easy, they say, but it is often more complex to make critical and effective use of a machine translation as part of the scholarly communication process. They cover scholarly communication, machine translation, expanding the reach of knowledge through translation-friendly writing, some wider implications of using machine translation for scholarly communication, and towards a framework for machine translation literacy. -- Annotation ©2019 * (protoview.com) *Table of ContentsIntroduction Chapter 1. Scholarly Communication Chapter 2. Machine Translation Chapter 3. Expanding the Reach of Knowledge through Translation-Friendly Writing Chapter 4. Some Wider Implications of Using Machine Translation for Scholarly Communication Chapter 5. Towards a Framework for Machine Translation Literacy

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Book SynopsisIn the global research community, English has become the main language of scholarly publishing in many disciplines. At the same time, online machine translation systems have become increasingly easy to access and use. Is this a researcher’s match made in heaven, or the road to publication perdition? Here Lynne Bowker and Jairo Buitrago Ciro introduce the concept of machine translation literacy, a new kind of literacy for scholars and librarians in the digital age. For scholars, they explain how machine translation works, how it is (or could be) used for scholarly communication, and how both native and non-native English-speakers can write in a translation-friendly way in order to harness its potential. Native English speakers can continue to write in English, but expand the global reach of their research by making it easier for their peers around the world to access and understand their works, while non-native English speakers can write in their mother tongues, but leverage machine translation technology to help them produce draft publications in English. For academic librarians, the authors provide a framework for supporting researchers in all disciplines as they grapple with producing translation-friendly texts and using machine translation for scholarly communication—a form of support that will only become more important as campuses become increasingly international and as universities continue to strive to excel on the global stage. Machine Translation and Global Research is a must-read for scientists, researchers, students, and librarians eager to maximize the global reach and impact of any form of scholarly work.Trade ReviewBowker and Ciro describe ways that machine translation is used in the context of scholarly communication, and suggest how to use it more effectively. Getting an online machine translation is easy, they say, but it is often more complex to make critical and effective use of a machine translation as part of the scholarly communication process. They cover scholarly communication, machine translation, expanding the reach of knowledge through translation-friendly writing, some wider implications of using machine translation for scholarly communication, and towards a framework for machine translation literacy. -- Annotation ©2019 * (protoview.com) *Table of ContentsIntroduction Chapter 1. Scholarly Communication Chapter 2. Machine Translation Chapter 3. Expanding the Reach of Knowledge through Translation-Friendly Writing Chapter 4. Some Wider Implications of Using Machine Translation for Scholarly Communication Chapter 5. Towards a Framework for Machine Translation Literacy

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Book SynopsisDiscover best practices for choosing, building, training, and improving deep learning models using Keras-R, and TensorFlow-R librariesKey Features Implement deep learning algorithms to build AI models with the help of tips and tricks Understand how deep learning models operate using expert techniques Apply reinforcement learning, computer vision, GANs, and NLP using a range of datasets Book DescriptionDeep learning is a branch of machine learning based on a set of algorithms that attempt to model high-level abstractions in data. Advanced Deep Learning with R will help you understand popular deep learning architectures and their variants in R, along with providing real-life examples for them.This deep learning book starts by covering the essential deep learning techniques and concepts for prediction and classification. You will learn about neural networks, deep learning architectures, and the fundamentals for implementing deep learning with R. The book will also take you through using important deep learning libraries such as Keras-R and TensorFlow-R to implement deep learning algorithms within applications. You will get up to speed with artificial neural networks, recurrent neural networks, convolutional neural networks, long short-term memory networks, and more using advanced examples. Later, you'll discover how to apply generative adversarial networks (GANs) to generate new images; autoencoder neural networks for image dimension reduction, image de-noising and image correction and transfer learning to prepare, define, train, and model a deep neural network. By the end of this book, you will be ready to implement your knowledge and newly acquired skills for applying deep learning algorithms in R through real-world examples.What you will learn Learn how to create binary and multi-class deep neural network models Implement GANs for generating new images Create autoencoder neural networks for image dimension reduction, image de-noising and image correction Implement deep neural networks for performing efficient text classification Learn to define a recurrent convolutional network model for classification in Keras Explore best practices and tips for performance optimization of various deep learning models Who this book is forThis book is for data scientists, machine learning practitioners, deep learning researchers and AI enthusiasts who want to develop their skills and knowledge to implement deep learning techniques and algorithms using the power of R. A solid understanding of machine learning and working knowledge of the R programming language are required.Table of ContentsTable of Contents Revisiting Deep Learning architecture and techniques Deep Neural Networks for multiclass classification Deep Neural Networks for regression Image classification and recognition Image classification using convolutional neural networks Applying Autoencoder neural networks using Keras Image classification for small data using transfer learning Creating new images using generative adversarial networks Deep network for text classification Text classification using recurrent neural networks Text classification using Long Short-Term Memory Network Text classification using convolutional recurrent networks Tips, tricks and the road ahead

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Book SynopsisWhen viewed through a political lens, the act of defining terms in natural language arguably transforms knowledge into values. This unique volume explores how corporate, military, academic, and professional values shaped efforts to define computer terminology and establish an information engineering profession as a precursor to what would become computer science. As the Cold War heated up, U.S. federal agencies increasingly funded university researchers and labs to develop technologies, like the computer, that would ensure that the U.S. maintained economic prosperity and military dominance over the Soviet Union. At the same time, private corporations saw opportunities for partnering with university labs and military agencies to generate profits as they strengthened their business positions in civilian sectors. They needed a common vocabulary and principles of streamlined communication to underpin the technology development that would ensure national prosperity and military dominance. investigates how language standardization contributed to the professionalization of computer science as separate from mathematics, electrical engineering, and physics examines traditions of language standardization in earlier eras of rapid technology development around electricity and radio highlights the importance of the analogy of “the computer is like a human” to early explanations of computer design and logic traces design and development of electronic computers within political and economic contexts foregrounds the importance of human relationships in decisions about computer design This in-depth humanistic study argues for the importance of natural language in shaping what people come to think of as possible and impossible relationships between computers and humans. The work is a key reference in the history of technology and serves as a source textbook on the human-level history of computing. In addition, it addresses those with interests in sociolinguistic questions around technology studies, as well as technology development at the nexus of politics, business, and human relations.Table of ContentsChapter 1 Introduction Chapter 2 From Hot War to Cold PeaceChapter 3 Who Will Control Atomic PowerChapter 4 Sharing Information (or Not) for Computer DevelopmentChapter 5 Defining Relationships among Computers, People, and InformationChapter 6 Technology Development Strains Standardization of Human Communication Chapter 7 Defining Terms and Establishing PrioritiesChapter 8 Establishing the Field of Computer Science

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Book SynopsisThis book contains a comprehensive treatment of advanced LaTeX features. The focus is on the development of high quality documents and presentations, by revealing powerful insights into the LaTeX language. The well-established advantages of the typesetting system LaTeX are the preparation and publication of platform-independent high-quality documents and automatic numbering and cross-referencing of illustrations or references. These can be extended beyond the typical applications, by creating highly dynamic electronic documents. This is commonly performed in connection with the portable document format (PDF), as well as other programming tools which allow the development of extremely flexible electronic documents.Trade Review“This book can serve as a guide for long-term users of the language in any discipline. Along with online resources, any professor or researcher could benefit from having this book in their library as a reference guide when writing and editing a lengthy work, like a book or an article collection, or when preparing presentations and posters. … Finally, teachers and instructors, whether in higher or secondary education, will find useful information for preparing consistent exam tests and textbooks.” (Lazaros Moysis, zbMATH 1491.68005, 2022)Table of ContentsIntroduction: The Basics.- Advanced Formatting.- Floating Objects.- Presentations.- Exams (Tests, Quizzes).- E-Learning: Blended Learning and Flipped Classroom Support.

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Book SynopsisThis book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 10th International Conference on Computational Data and Social Networks, CSoNet 2021, which was held online during November 15-17, 2021. The conference was initially planned to take place in Montreal, Quebec, Canada, but changed to an online event due to the COVID-19 pandemic. The 24 full and 8 short papers included in this book were carefully reviewed and selected from 57 submissions. They were organized in topical sections as follows: Combinatorial optimization and learning; deep learning and applications to complex and social systems; measurements of insight from data; complex networks analytics; special track on fact-checking, fake news and malware detection in online social networks; and special track on information spread in social and data networks. Table of ContentsCombinatorial Optimization and Learning.- Streaming algorithms for maximizing non-submodular functions on the integer lattice.- Causal Inference for Influence Propagation --- Identifiability of the In-dependent Cascade Model.- Streaming algorithms for Budgeted $k$-Submodular Maximization problem.- Approximation algorithms for the lower bounded correlation clustering problem.- Approximation Algorithm for Maximizing Nonnegative Weakly Mono-tonic Set Functions.- Differentially Private Submodular Maximization over Integer Lattice.- Maximizing the sum of a supermodular function and a monotone DR-submodular function subject to a knapsack constraint on the integer lattice.- Deep Learning and Applications to Complex and Social Systems.- A Framework for Accelerating Graph Convolution Networks on Massive Datasets.- AdvEdge: Optimizing Adversarial Perturbations against Interpretable Deep Learning.- Incorporating Transformer Models for Sentiment Analysis and News Classification in Khmer.- Deep Bangla Authorship Attribution using Transformer Models.- A Deep Learning Based Traffic Sign Detection for Intelligent Transportation Systems.- Detecting Hate Speech Contents Using Embedding Models.- MIC Model for Cervical Cancer Risk Factors Deep Association Analysis.- Power Grid Cascading Failure Prediction Based on Transforme.- Measurements of Insight from Data.- Security Breaches in the Healthcare Domain: A Spatiotemporal Analysis.- Social and Motivational Factors for the Spread of Physical Activities in a Health Social Network.- Understanding the Issues Surrounding COVID-19 Vaccine Roll Out Via User Tweets.- Complex Networks Analytics.- Minimize Travel Time with Traffic Flow Density Equilibrium on Road Network.- Network based Framework to Compare Vaccination Strategies.- Groups Influence with Minimum Cost in Social Network.- Recovering communities in temporal networks using persistent edges.- Community Detection using Semilocal Topological Features and Label Propagation Algorithm.- Twitter Analysis of Covid-19 Misinformation in Spain.- Comparing Community-aware Centrality Measures in Online Social Networks.- Two-Tier Cache-Aided Full-Duplex Content Delivery in Satellite-Terrestrial Networks.- Special Track: Fact-Checking, Fake News and Malware Detection in Online Social Networks.- Mean User-Text Agglomeration (MUTA): Practical User Representation and Visualization for Detection of Online Influence Operations.- The Role of Information Organization and Knowledge Structuring in Combatting Misinformation: A Literary Analysis.- Fake News Detection using LDA Topic Modelling and K-Nearest Neighbor Classifier.- Special Track: Information Spread in Social and Data Networks.- Summarization Algorithms for News: a Study of the Coronavirus Theme and its Impact on the News Extracting Algorithm.- Social cohesion during stay-at-home phase during the first wave of COVID-19 in Poland.- Influence and Activation Thresholds Target Set Selection within Community Structure.

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Book SynopsisThis book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 23rd International Conference on Asia-Pacific Digital Libraries, ICADL 2021, which was held in December 2021. Due to COVID-19 pandemic the conference was held virtually.The 17 full, 14 short, and 5 practice papers presented in this volume were carefully reviewed and selected from 87 submissions. The papers were organized in topical sections named: Knowledge Discovery from Digital Collections; Search for Better User Experience; Information Extraction; Multimedia; Text Classification and Matching; Data Infrastructure for Digital Libraries; Data Modeling; Neural-based Learning.

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Book SynopsisThis book evaluates the impact of relevant factors affecting the results of speech quality assessment studies carried out in crowdsourcing. The author describes how these factors relate to the test structure, the effect of environmental background noise, and the influence of language differences. He details multiple user-centered studies that have been conducted to derive guidelines for reliable collection of speech quality scores in crowdsourcing. Specifically, different questions are addressed such as the optimal number of speech samples to include in a listening task, the influence of the environmental background noise in the speech quality ratings, as well as methods for classifying background noise from web audio recordings, or the impact of language proficiency in the user perception of speech quality. Ultimately, the results of these studies contributed to the definition of the ITU-T Recommendation P.808 that defines the guidelines to conduct speech quality studies in crowdsourcing.Table of Contents1. Introduction.2. Related Work.3. Method.4. Test Structure.5. Impact of Background Noise.6. Influence of Language.7. Conclusion.

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Book SynopsisSentiment analysis and opinion mining is the field of study that analyzes people's opinions, sentiments, evaluations, attitudes, and emotions from written language. It is one of the most active research areas in natural language processing and is also widely studied in data mining, Web mining, and text mining. In fact, this research has spread outside of computer science to the management sciences and social sciences due to its importance to business and society as a whole. The growing importance of sentiment analysis coincides with the growth of social media such as reviews, forum discussions, blogs, micro-blogs, Twitter, and social networks. For the first time in human history, we now have a huge volume of opinionated data recorded in digital form for analysis. Sentiment analysis systems are being applied in almost every business and social domain because opinions are central to almost all human activities and are key influencers of our behaviors. Our beliefs and perceptions of reality, and the choices we make, are largely conditioned on how others see and evaluate the world. For this reason, when we need to make a decision we often seek out the opinions of others. This is true not only for individuals but also for organizations. This book is a comprehensive introductory and survey text. It covers all important topics and the latest developments in the field with over 400 references. It is suitable for students, researchers and practitioners who are interested in social media analysis in general and sentiment analysis in particular. Lecturers can readily use it in class for courses on natural language processing, social media analysis, text mining, and data mining. Lecture slides are also available online. Table of Contents: Preface / Sentiment Analysis: A Fascinating Problem / The Problem of Sentiment Analysis / Document Sentiment Classification / Sentence Subjectivity and Sentiment Classification / Aspect-Based Sentiment Analysis / Sentiment Lexicon Generation / Opinion Summarization / Analysis of Comparative Opinions / Opinion Search and Retrieval / Opinion Spam Detection / Quality of Reviews / Concluding Remarks / Bibliography / Author BiographyTable of ContentsPreface.- Sentiment Analysis: A Fascinating Problem.- The Problem of Sentiment Analysis.- Document Sentiment Classification.- Sentence Subjectivity and Sentiment Classification.- Aspect-Based Sentiment Analysis.- Sentiment Lexicon Generation.- Opinion Summarization.- Analysis of Comparative Opinions.- Opinion Search and Retrieval.- Opinion Spam Detection.- Quality of Reviews.- Concluding Remarks.- Bibliography.- Author Biography.

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Book SynopsisThis book provides a comprehensive introduction to Conversational AI. While the idea of interacting with a computer using voice or text goes back a long way, it is only in recent years that this idea has become a reality with the emergence of digital personal assistants, smart speakers, and chatbots. Advances in AI, particularly in deep learning, along with the availability of massive computing power and vast amounts of data, have led to a new generation of dialogue systems and conversational interfaces. Current research in Conversational AI focuses mainly on the application of machine learning and statistical data-driven approaches to the development of dialogue systems. However, it is important to be aware of previous achievements in dialogue technology and to consider to what extent they might be relevant to current research and development. Three main approaches to the development of dialogue systems are reviewed: rule-based systems that are handcrafted using best practice guidelines; statistical data-driven systems based on machine learning; and neural dialogue systems based on end-to-end learning. Evaluating the performance and usability of dialogue systems has become an important topic in its own right, and a variety of evaluation metrics and frameworks are described. Finally, a number of challenges for future research are considered, including: multimodality in dialogue systems, visual dialogue; data efficient dialogue model learning; using knowledge graphs; discourse and dialogue phenomena; hybrid approaches to dialogue systems development; dialogue with social robots and in the Internet of Things; and social and ethical issues.Table of ContentsPreface.- Acknowledgments.- Glossary.- Introducing Dialogue Systems.- Rule-Based Dialogue Systems: Architecture, Methods, and Tools.- Statistical Data-Driven Dialogue Systems.- Evaluating Dialogue Systems.- End-to-End Neural Dialogue Systems.- Challenges and Future Directions.- Bibliography.- Author's Biography .

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Book SynopsisEdited in collaboration with FoLLI, the Association of Logic, Language and Information this book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 28th Workshop on Logic, Language, Information and Computation, WoLLIC 2022, Iasi, Romania, in September 2022. The 25 full papers presented included with 8 extra abstracts, 5 invited talks and 3 tutorials were fully reviewed and selected from 46 submissions. The conference aims fostering interdisciplinary research in pure and applied logic.Table of ContentsProof theory,.- Model theory.- Modal and temporal logics.- Automated reasoning.-Constraint and logic programming.- Constructive mathematics.- Equational logic and rewriting.- Finite Model Theory.- Descriptive complexity,.- Higher order logic.- Programming logic.- Model checking.- Type theory.- Lambda calculus.- Semantics of programming languages.- Computational linguistics.-Language and computation.- Logic and language.

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Book SynopsisThis open access book presents an interdisciplinary approach to reveal biases in English news articles reporting on a given political event. The approach named person-oriented framing analysis identifies the coverage’s different perspectives on the event by assessing how articles portray the persons involved in the event. In contrast to prior automated approaches, the identified frames are more meaningful and substantially present in person-oriented news coverage. The book is structured in seven chapters: Chapter 1 presents a few of the severe problems caused by slanted news coverage and identifies the research gap that motivated the research described in this thesis. Chapter 2 discusses manual analysis concepts and exemplary studies from the social sciences and automated approaches, mostly from computer science and computational linguistics, to analyze and reveal media bias. This way, it identifies the strengths and weaknesses of current approaches for identifying and revealing media bias. Chapter 3 discusses the solution design space to address the identified research gap and introduces person-oriented framing analysis (PFA), a new approach to identify substantial frames and to reveal slanted news coverage. Chapters 4 and 5 detail target concept analysis and frame identification, the first and second component of PFA. Chapter 5 also introduces the first large-scale dataset and a novel model for target-dependent sentiment classification (TSC) in the news domain. Eventually, Chapter 6 introduces Newsalyze, a prototype system to reveal biases to non-expert news consumers by using the PFA approach. In the end, Chapter 7 summarizes the thesis and discusses the strengths and weaknesses of the thesis to derive ideas for future research on media bias. This book mainly targets researchers and graduate students from computer science, computational linguistics, political science, and further social sciences who want to get an overview of the relevant state of the art in the other related disciplines and understand and tackle the issue of bias from a more effective, interdisciplinary viewpoint.Table of Contents1. Introduction.- 2. Media Bias Analysis.- 3. Person-Oriented Framing Analysis.- 4. Target Concept Analysis.- 5. Frame Analysis.- 6. Prototype.- 7. Conclusion.

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Book Synopsis​This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 11th Conference on Artificial Intelligence and Natural Language, AINL 2022, held in St. Petersburg, Russia, in April 2022. The 8 revised full papers and 1 short paper were carefully reviewed and selected from 20 submissions. The volume presents recent research in areas of of text mining, speech technologies, dialogue systems, information retrieval, machine learning, articial intelligence, and robotics. Table of ContentsInferring image background from text description.- Topical Extractive Summarization.- The Semantic Shifts of the Topical Structure in the Corpus of Lentach News Posts.- Development of folklore motif classifie using limited data.- Morphological and Emotional Features of the Speech in Children with Typical Development, Autism Spectrum Disorders and Down Syndrome.- WikiMulti: a Corpus for Cross-Lingual Summarization.- Rethinking Crowd Sourcing for Semantic Similarity.- Interplay of Visual and Acoustic Cues of Irony Perception: a Case Study of Actor’s Speech.- Findings of Biomedical Russian to English Machine Translation Competition.- Translation of medical texts with ensembling and knowledge distillation.

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Book SynopsisThis book constitutes the proceedings of the 6th International Workshop on Chatbot Research and Design, CONVERSATIONS 2022, which was held during November 2022.The 12 papers included in this volume were carefully reviewed and selected from a total of 27 submissions. They were organized in topical sections named: chatbot users and user experience; chatbot design and applications.

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Book SynopsisFor millennia humans have used visible marks to communicate information. Modern examples of conventional graphical symbols include written language, and non-linguistic symbol systems such as mathematical symbology or traffic signs. The latter kinds of symbols convey information without reference to language. This book presents the first systematic study of graphical symbol systems, including a history of graphical symbols from the Paleolithic onwards, a taxonomy of non-linguistic systems – systems that are not tied to spoken language – and a survey of more than 25 such systems. One important feature of many non-linguistic systems is that, as in written language, symbols may be combined into complex “messages” if the information the system represents is itself complex. To illustrate, the author presents an in-depth comparison of two systems that had very similar functions, but very different structure: European heraldry and Japanese kamon. Writing first appeared in Mesopotamia about 5,000 years ago and is believed to have evolved from a previous non-linguistic accounting system. The exact mechanism is unknown, but crucial was the discovery that symbols can represent the sounds of words, not just the meanings. The book presents a novel neurologically-inspired hypothesis that writing evolved in an institutional context in which symbols were “dictated”, thus driving an association between symbol and sound, and provides a computational simulation to support this hypothesis. The author further discusses some common fallacies about writing and non-linguistic systems, and how these relate to widely cited claims about statistical “evidence” for one or another system being writing. The book ends with some thoughts about the future of graphical symbol systems. The intended audience includes students, researchers, lecturers, professionals and scientists from fields like Natural Language Processing, Machine Learning, Archaeology and Semiotics, as well as general readers interested in language and/or writing systems and symbol systems.Trade Review“The book is the first systematic study of graphical symbol systems, ranging from the imagery found in Paleolithic cave paintings, through ancient and contemporary writing systems employing both phonetic and logographic symbols, to modern language-independent symbols such as meteorological icons and emoji.” (Andrew Robinson, Science, science.org, Vol. 382 (6669), October 27, 2023)Table of ContentsPreface1 Introduction 1.1 What’s in a Symbol? 1.2 Syntax 1.3 What this book is about 2 Semiotics 2.1 Introduction 2.2 The Field of Semiotics 2.3 Iconicity 2.4 Syntax 2.5 Articulation 3 Taxonomy 3.1 Introduction 3.2 History 3.3 Preliminary Taxonomy 3.4 Examples of systems 3.5 Kamon/Heraldry 3.5.1 Kamon 3.5.2 British heraldry 3.5.3 Structural Differences: Summary 3.A Symbol system survey (A detailed analysis of 26 symbol systems) 3.B Statistics of kamon 4 Writing Systems 4.1 Introduction 4.2 Writing 4.2.1 Preliminaries 4.2.2 Types of Writing Systems 4.2.3 Blissymbolics 4.3 Limitations of writing 4.3.1 Inclusiveness 4.3.2 Graphocentrism 4.3.3 Summary 4.4 Writing: A summary 5 Symbols in the Brain 5.1 Brain areas 5.2 Meaning in the brain 5.3 Reading in the brain 5.3.1 The letterbox 5.3.2 Summary: the evolution of the letterbox 5.4 Non-linguistic symbols in the brain 5.5 A Hypothesis 6 The Evolution of Writing 6.1 Evolution 6.2 A Hypothesis 6.3 Schools 7 Simulations 7.1 Prior work 7.2 Simulation 7.2.1 Description of the model 7.2.2 Simulation of evolution 7.2.3 Summary and discussion 7.3 Pre-writing 7.4 Summary 7.A Details 7.A.1 Data Generation 7.A.2 Model 7.B Compounds 7.B.1 Monosyllabic cases 7.B.2 Sesquisyllabic cases 7.B.3 Disyllabic cases 8 Misrepresentations 8.1 Introduction 8.2 What does it mean to say something "Looks like writing"? 8.3 Statistics 8.3.1 Statistical analysis of the Indus Valley inscriptions 8.3.2 More on structure in the Indus inscriptions 8.3.3 Variations of distributions of symbols 8.4 Summary 9 The Future 9.1 The Dream of a Universal Written Language 9.2 Semasiography 9.3 The Prestige of Writing 9.4 Final Thoughts

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Book SynopsisThe two-volume set LNAI 13495 and LNAI 13496, constitute the refereed post-workshop proceedings of the 23rd Chinese Lexical Semantics Workshop, CLSW 2022, held as a virtual event, during May 14-15, 2022. In total the two-volume set includes 39 full papers and 19 short papers which were carefully reviewed and selected from 214 submissions. They are organized in the following topical sections: lexical semantics; corpus linguistics; general linguistics, lexical resources; computational linguistics, applications of natural language processing.Table of ContentsSemantic Prosody: The Study of Gei in BA and BEI Constructions.- Corpus-Based Lexical Features and Thematic Analysis of China's Five-Year Plan for the 21st Century.- Corpus Construction for Generating Knowledge Graph of Sichuan Cuisine.- Building a Semantically Annotated Corpus of Chinese Directional Complements.- BBAE: a Method for Few-Shot Charge Prediction with Data Augmentation and Neural Network.- A Preliminary Quantitative Investigation of Chinese Monosyndetic Coordinators.- Frequency in Chinese Ballad Song Lyrics: A Quantitative Morpheme-Based Study.- Gender-Related Use of Tonal Patterns in Mandarin Chinese: The Case of Sentence-Final Particle ma.- A Quantitative Study on the Low-Degree Adverb “Shaowei”--A Stylistic Perspective.- The Relationship of Lexical Richness to the Quality of CSL Writings.- Research on Korean "Long-before-Short" Preference from the Perspective of Dependency Distance.- A Dependency Structure Annotation for Modality in Chinese News Articles.- How Do People React to COVID-19 Vaccination? A Corpus-based Study of Macau Netizens’ Online Comments.- REFORM IS A JOURNEY: Conceptualizing China’s Reform and Opening-up in the Official News Discourse.- The Emotion Code in Sensory Modalities: An investigation of the relationship between sensorimotor dimensions and emotional valence-arousal.- From Genitive to Conjunctive: Coordinator li55 in Chongqing Mandarin.- The Prediction Function of Collocations on the Quality Assessment of Chinese Second Language Learners’ Oral Production.- Verb Raising and the Construction Mechanism of Synthetic Compounds.- The Construction of Grammatical Synonym Resources of Disyllabic Verbs in Modern Chinese.- Extraction and Application of Verb Event Structure Based on Grammatical Knowledge-Base of Contemporary Chinese(GKB).- Semantic Classification of Adverbial Nouns Based on Syntactic Treebank and Construction of Collocation Da-tabase.- A Framework for Dictionary Development: Building Domain Dictionary for Legal Field.- RoBERTa: An Efficient Dating Method of Ancient Chinese Texts.- Building a Corpus for Chinese Causality Extraction in Futures Domain.- Research on Hotspots of Educational Application of Natural Language Processing Based on LDA Topic Model.- A Metrological Study on the Spatial Narrative of the Qishu Genre: Take A Dream of Red Mansions and Water Margin as Examples.- Chinese Argument Identification Based on Bert.- Irony Recognition in Chinese Text Based on Linguistic Features and Attention Mechanism.- A Phrase Disambiguation Method of “Quanbu V de N” Based on SBERT Model and Syntactic Rule.- Automatic Recognition of Verb-complement Separable Words Based on BCC.

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Book SynopsisThis book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 14th International Conference on Combinatorics on Words, WORDS 2023, held in Umeå, Sweden, during June 12–16, 2023.The 19 contributed papers presented in this book were carefully reviewed and selected from 28 submissions. In addition, the volume also contains 3 invited papers. WORDS is the main conference series devoted to combinatorics on words. This area is connected to several topics from computer science and mathematics, including string algorithms, automated proofs, discrete dynamics, number theory and, of course, classical combinatoricsTable of Contents​Invited Papers: Minimal Complexities for Infinite Words Written with d Letters.- Alternate Base Numeration Systems.- On the number of distinct squares in finite sequences: some old and new results. Contributed Papers: Ranking and Unranking k-Subsequence Universal Words.- Longest common subsequence with gap constraints.- On Substitutions Preserving their Return Sets.- Recurrence and frequencies.- Sturmian and infinitely desubstitutable words accepted by an ω-automaton.- String attractors for factors of the Thue-Morse word.- Critical exponent of Arnoux-Rauzy sequences.- On a class of 2-balanced sequences.- Order conditions for languages.- On Sensitivity of Compact Directed Acyclic Word Graphs.- Smallest and Largest Block Palindrome Factorizations.- String attractors of fixed points of k-bonacci-like morphisms.- Magic Numbers in Periodic Sequences.- Dyck Words, Pattern Avoidance, and Automatic Sequences.- Rudin-Shapiro Sums Via Automata Theory and Logic.- Automaticity and Parikh-collinear morphisms.- On the solution sets of entire systems of word equations.- On arch factorization and subword universality for words and compressed words.- Characteristic sequences of the sets of sums of squares as columns of cellular automata.

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Book SynopsisThis book constitutes refereed proceedings from the First International Conference on Speech and Language Technologies for Low-resource Languages, SPELLL 2022, held in Kalavakkam, India, in November 2022. The 25 presented papers were thoroughly reviewed and selected from 70 submissions. The papers are organised in the following topical sections: ​language resources; language technologies; speech technologies; multimodal data analysis; fake news detection in low-resource languages (regional-fake); low resource cross-domain, cross-lingualand cross-modal offensie content analysis (LC4).Table of ContentsLanguage Resources.- Language Technologies.- Speech Technologies.- Multimodal data analysis.- Fake News Detection in Low-Resource Languages (Regional-Fake).- Low Resource Cross-Domain, Cross-Lingualand Cross-Modal Offensie Content Analysis (LC4).

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Book SynopsisThis book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 27th International Conference on Developments in Language Theory, DLT 2023, held in Umeå, Sweden, during June 12–16, 2023. The 20 full papers included in this book were carefully reviewed and selected from 32 submissions (31 regular ones and one invited).The DLT conference series provides a forum for presenting current developments informal languages and automata. Its scope is very general and includes, among others, the following topics and areas: grammars, acceptors and transducers for words; trees and graphs; relations between formal languages and artificial neural networks; algebraic theories of automata; algorithmic, combinatorial, and algebraic properties of words and languages; variable length codes; symbolic dynamics; cellular automata; groups and semigroups generated by automata; polyominoes and multidimensional patterns; decidability questions; image manipulation and compression; efficient text algorithms; relationships to cryptography, concurrency, complexity theory, and logic; bio-inspired computing; and quantum computing.Table of ContentsTransducers and the Power of Delay.- When the Map is More Exact than the Terrain.- Formal Languages and the NLP Black Box.- On Structural Tractability Parameters for Hard String Problems.- Jumping Automata over Infinite Words.- Isometric Words based on Swap and Mismatch Distance.- Set Augmented Finite Automata over Infinite Alphabets.- Fast detection of specific fragments against a set of sequences.- Weak Inverse Neighborhoods of Languages.- The exact state complexity for the composition of Root and reversal.- Bit catastrophes for the Burrows-Wheeler Transform.- The Domino problem is undecidable on every rhombus subshift.- Synchronization of Parikh Automata.- Completely Distinguishable Automata and the Set of Synchronizing Words.- Zielonka DAG Acceptance and Regular Languages over Infinite Words.- On Word Representable and Multi-Word Representable Graphs.- On the Simon's Congruence Neighborhood of Languages.- Tree-Walking-Storage Automata.- Rewriting rules for arithmetics in alternate base systems.- Synchronizing Automata with Coinciding Cycles.- Approaching Repetition Thresholds Via Local Resampling and Entropy Compression.- Languages Generated by Conjunctive Query Fragments of FC[REG].- Groups whose word problems are accepted by abelian G-automata.

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Book SynopsisThis book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 28th International Conference on Applications of Natural Language to Information Systems, NLDB 2023, held in Derby, UK, in June 21–23, 2023The 31 full papers and 14 short papers included in this book were carefully reviewed and selected from 89 submissions. They focus on the developments of the application of natural language to databases and information systems in the wider meaning of the term.Table of ContentsLarge Language Models in the Workplace: A Case Study on Prompt Engineering for Job Type Classification.- How Challenging is Multimodal Irony Detection?.- Less is more: A Prototypical Framework for Efficient Few-Shot Named Entity Recognition.- Don’t Lose the Message while Paraphrasing: A Study on Content Preserving Style Transfer.- A Review of Parallel Corpora for Automatic Text Simplification. Key Challenges Moving Forward.- Explaining a Deep Learning Model for Aspect-Based Sentiment Classification Using Post-hoc Local Classifiers.- Arabic Privacy Policy Corpus and Classification.- SmartEDU: Accelerating Slide Deck Production with Natural Language Processing.- Explainable Integration of Knowledge Graphs using Large Language Models.- Cross-domain and cross-language irony detection: The impact of bias on models’ generalization.- Prompt and Instruction-Based Tuning for Response Generation in Conversational Question Answering.- IndQNER: Named Entity Recognition Benchmark Dataset from the Indonesian Translation of the Quran.- Comparing object recognition models and studying hyperparameter selection for the detection of bolts.- Morphosyntactic Evaluation for Text Summarization in Morphologically Rich Languages: A Case Study for Turkish.- Building Knowledge Graphs in Heliophysics and Astrophysics.- Text to Image Synthesis Using Bridge Generative Adversarial Network and Char CNN Model.- Evaluation of transformer-based models for punctuation and capitalization restoration in Spanish and Portuguese.- Sentence-to-Label Generation Framework for Multi-task Learning of Japanese Sentence Classification and Named Entity Recognition.- Could KeyWord Masking strategy improve language model?.- Regularization, Semi-supervision, and Supervision for a Plausible Attention-Based Explanation.- Node-Weighted Centrality Ranking for Unsupervised Long Document Summarization.- Characterization of the city of the future from a science fiction corpus.- On the Rule-based Extraction of Statistics Reported in Scientific Papers.- GRAM: Grammar-Based Refined-Label Representing Mechanism in the Hierarchical Semantic Parsing Task.- Expanding Domain-specific Knowledge Graphs with Unknown Facts .- Knowledge Graph Representation Learning via Generated Descriptions.- LonXplain: Lonesomeness as a Consequence of Mental Disturbance in Reddit Posts.- A Comparative Study of Evaluation Metrics for Long-Document Financial Narrative Summarization with Transformers.- Effective Information Retrieval, Question Answering and Abstractive Summarization on Large-scale Biomedical Document Corpora.- Abstractive Summarization Based Question-Answer System for Structural Information.- Adversarial Capsule Networks for Romanian Satire Detection and Sentiment Analysis.- A Few-shot Approach to Resume Information Extraction via Prompts.- Decoding Strategies for Code Conciseness and Efficiency in Transformer-Generated Programs.- SP-BERT: A Language Model for Political Text in Scandinavian Languages.- Improving Context-Awareness on Multi-Turn Dialogue Modeling with Extractive Summarization Techniques.- Document Knowledge Transfer for Aspect-Based Sentiment Classification Using a Left-Center-Right Separated Neural Network with Rotatory Attention.- Argument and counter-argument generation: a critical survey.- Novel Benchmark Data Set for Automatic Error Detection and Correction.- Weakly-Supervised Multimodal Learning for Predicting the Gender of Twitter Users.- Cross-Domain Toxic Spans Detection.- How shall a machine call a thing?.- Detecting Artificially Generated Academic Text: the Importance of Mimicking Human Utilization of Large Language Models.- Leveraging Small-BERT and Bio-BERT for Abbreviation Identification in Scientific Text.- RoBERTweet: A BERT Language Model for Romanian Tweets.- Evaluating the Effect of Letter Case on Named Entity Recognition Performance.

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Book SynopsisThis volume LNCS 14163 constitutes the refereed proceedings of 14th International Conference of the CLEF Association, CLEF 2023, in Thessaloniki, Greece, during September 18–21, 2023. The 10 full papers and one short paper included in this book were carefully reviewed and selected from 35 submissions. The conference focuses on authorship attribution, fake news detection and news tracking, noise-detection in automatically transferred relevance judgments, impact of online education on children’s conversational search behavior, analysis of multi-modal social media content, knowledge graphs for sensitivity identification, a fusion of deep learning and logic rules for sentiment analysis, medical concept normalization and domain-specific information extraction.In addition to this, the volume presents 7 “Best of the labs” papers which were reviewed as full paper submissions with the same review criteria. 13 lab overview papers were accepted and represent scientific challenges based on new datasets and real world problems in multimodal and multilingual information access. Table of ContentsConference Papers.- I​nception Models for Fashion Image Captioning: an Extensive Study on Multiple Datasets.- The Best is yet to Come: A Reproducible Analysis of CLEF eHealth TAR Experiments.- Predicting Retrieval Performance Changes in Evolving Evaluation Environments.- Predicting Retrieval Performance Changes in Evolving Evaluation Environments.- Cem Mil Podcasts: A Spoken Portuguese Document Corpus For Multi-modal, Multi-lingual and Multi-Dialect Information Access Research.- Using authorship embeddings to understand writing style in social media.- Trend Detection in Crime-related Time Series with Change Point Detection Methods.- DAVI: a Dataset for Automatic Variant Interpretation.- qCLEF: a Proposal to Evaluate Quantum Annealing for Information Retrieval and Recommender Systems.- Graph-Enriched Biomedical Entity Representation Transformer.- Supervised Machine-Generated Text Detectors: Family and Scale Matters.- Best of CLEF 2022 Labs.- Cross-lingual Candidate Retrieval and Re-ranking for Biomedical Entity Linking.- Humour Translation with Transformers.- Fight Against Misinformation on Social Media: Detecting Attention-Worthy and Harmful Tweets and Verifiable and Check-Worthy Claims.- A Re-labeling Approach based on Approximate Nearest Neighbors for Identifying Gambling Disorders in Social Media.- Touch´e 2022 Best of Labs: Neural Image Retrieval for Argumentation.- SimpleText Best of Labs in CLEF-2022: Simplify Text Generation with Prompt Engineering.- Answer Retrieval for Math Questions using Structural and Dense Retrieval.- CLEF 2023 Lab Overviews.- Overview of BioASQ 2023: The eleventh BioASQ challenge on Large-Scale Biomedical Semantic Indexing and Question Answering.- Overview of the CLEF–2023 CheckThat! Lab Checkworthiness, Subjectivity, Political Bias, Factuality, and Authority of News Articles and Their Source.- Overview of DocILE 2023: Document Information Localization and Extraction.- Overview of eRisk 2023: Early Risk Prediction on the Internet.- Overview of EXIST 2023 – Learning with Disagreement for Sexism Identification and Characterization.- Intelligent Disease Progression Prediction: Overview of iDPP@CLEF 2023.- Overview of the ImageCLEF 2023: Multimedia Retrieval in Medical, Social Media and Internet Applications.- Overview of JOKER – CLEF-2023 Track on Automatic Wordplay Analysis.- Overview of LifeCLEF 2023: evaluation of AI models for the identification and prediction of birds, plants, snakes and fungi.- Overview of the CLEF-2023 LongEval Lab on Longitudinal Evaluation of Model Performance.- Overview of PAN 2023: Authorship Verification, Multi-Author Writing Style Analysis, Profiling Cryptocurrency Influencers, and Trigger Detection.- Overview of the CLEF 2023 SimpleText Lab: Automatic Simplification of Scientific Texts.- Overview of the CLEF 2023 SimpleText Lab: Automatic Simplification of Scientific Texts.

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Book SynopsisThis book introduces the new paradigm of lifelong and continual learning dialogue systems to endow dialogue systems with the ability to learn continually by themselves through their own self-initiated interactions with their users and the working environments. The authors present the latest developments and techniques for building such continual learning dialogue systems. The book explains how these developments allow systems to continuously learn new language expressions, lexical and factual knowledge, and conversational skills through interactions and dialogues. Additionally, the book covers techniques to acquire new training examples for learning new tasks during the conversation. The book also reviews existing work on lifelong learning and discusses areas for future research. Table of Contents1 Introduction.- 2 Open-world Continual Learning: A Framework.- 3 Continuous Factual Knowledge Learning in Dialogues.- 4 Continuous and Interactive Language Learning and Grounding.- 5 Continual Learning in Chit-chat Systems.- 6 Continual Learning for Task-oriented Dialogue Systems.- 7 Continual Learning of Conversational Skills.- 8 Conclusion and Future Directions.

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Book SynopsisSince the last edition of this book (2014), progress has been astonishing in all areas of Natural Language Processing, with recent achievements in Text Generation that spurred a media interest going beyond the traditional academic circles.

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Book SynopsisIntroduction.- AQG System Architectures.- Generating Questions from Ontologies and Knowledge Graphs.- Use Cases.- Advances in AQG for Training Automatic Question Answering (QA) Systems.- Evaluation.- Content Selection and Question Focusing.- Related and Future Research Directions.

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Book Synopsis

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Book SynopsisPractical LaTeX covers the material that is needed for everyday LaTeX documents. This accessible manual is friendly, easy to read, and is designed to be as portable as LaTeX itself.A short chapter, Mission Impossible, introduces LaTeX documents and presentations. Read these 30 pages; you then should be able to compose your own work in LaTeX. The remainder of the book delves deeper into the topics outlined in Mission Impossible while avoiding technical subjects. Chapters on presentations and illustrations are a highlight, as is the introduction of LaTeX on an iPad.Students, faculty, and professionals in the worlds of mathematics and technology will benefit greatly from this new, practical introduction to LaTeX. George Grätzer, author of More Math into LaTeX (now in its 4th edition) and First Steps in LaTeX, has been a LaTeX guru for over a quarter of century.From the reviews of More Math into LaTeX:``There are several LaTeX guides, but this one wins hands down for the elegance of its approach and breadth of coverage.''—Amazon.com, Best of 2000, Editors Choice``A very helpful and useful tool for all scientists and engineers.''—Review of Astronomical Tools``A novice reader will be able to learn the most essential features of LaTeX sufficient to begin typesetting papers within a few hours of time…An experienced TeX user, on the other hand, will find a systematic and detailed discussion of all LaTeX features, supporting software, and many other advanced technical issues.''—Reports on Mathematical PhysicsTrade ReviewFrom the book reviews:“I’ve been looking for a friendly and accessible manual that I could recommend to students as a way to get over the initial learning curve, and this book seemed like it would fit the bill. … The emphasis is on skills necessary for writing and presenting in an academic setting, and in particular it is geared toward students in math, physics, and numerate disciplines. … Overall, it is a well-presented volume and pleasant to read.” (Sara Kalvala, Computing Reviews, December, 2014)“The book starts with a quick survey, and then explores a bit deeper how to typeset the text, the use of environments, (mathematical) formulas and arrays, and finally the global structure of the document (top matter, body, back matter). … this book might be interesting to read, not only for the beginner, but also for the experienced LaTeX user.” (Adhemar Bultheel, euro-math-soc.eu, December, 2014)“If I really, really have to learn LaTeX, this is the book I’ll go to in a flash. … Even at a first glance or at first browse it’s abundantly clear that this is a very good book for a TeXtyro like me … . It’s eminently practical and therefore eminently worthwhile.” (Michael Berg, MAA Reviews, November, 2014)Table of Contents​Introduction.- 1. Getting LaTex.- 2. Typing Text.- 3. Text environments.- 4. Typing Formulas.- 5. Displayed Formulas.- 6. Articles.- 7. Making Presentations.- 8. Customization.- 9. The Symbol Tables.- Index.

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Book SynopsisFor over two decades, this comprehensive manual has been the standard introduction and complete reference for writing articles and books containing mathematical formulas. If the reader requires a streamlined approach to learning LaTeX for composing everyday documents, Grätzer’s © 2014 Practical LaTeX may also be a good choice.In this carefully revised fifth edition, the Short Course has been brought up to date and reflects a modern and practical approach to LaTeX usage. New chapters have been added on illustrations and how to use LaTeX on an iPad.Key features: An example-based, visual approach and a gentle introduction with the Short Course A detailed exposition of multiline math formulas with a Visual Guide A unified approach to TeX, LaTeX, and the AMS enhancements A quick introduction to creating presentations with formulas From earlier reviews:Grätzer’s book is a solution. —European Mathematical Society NewsletterThere are several LaTeX guides, but this one wins hands down for the elegance of its approach and breadth of coverage.—Amazon.com, Best of 2000, Editor’s choiceA novice reader will be able to learn the most essential features of LaTeX sufficient to begin typesetting papers within a few hours of time… An experienced TeX user, on the other hand, will find a systematic and detailed discussion of LaTeX features.—Report on Mathematical PhysicsA very helpful and useful tool for all scientists and engineers. —Review of Astronomical ToolsTrade Review“George Grätzer’s books have been nearly as successful and enduring as the amazing software they are devoted to. This well known manual provides a reliable and thorough introduction and comprehensive reference for everyone who does not want to depend on various resources available online.” (C. Baxa, Monatshefte für Mathematik, Vol. 192 (2), 2020)Table of ContentsForeword.-Preface to the fifth Edition.-Introduction.-I. Mission Impossible.-1. Short course.-2. And a few more things....-II. Text and Math.-3. Typing text.-4. Text environments.-5. Typing math.-6. More math.-7. Multiline math displays.-III. Document Structure.-8. Documents.-9. The AMS article document class.-10. Legacy documents.-IV. PDF Documents.-11. The PDF file format.-12. Presentations.-13. Illustrations.-V. Customization.-14. Commands and environments.-VI. Long Documents.-15. BibTeX.-16. MakeIndex.-17. Books in LaTeX.-A. Math symbol tables.-B. Text symbol tables.-C. Some background.-D. LaTeX and the internet.-E. Postscript fonts.-F. LaTeX localized.-G. LaTeX on the iPad.-H. Final thoughts.-Bibliography.-Index.

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Book SynopsisThe purpose of this Handbook is to highlight both theory and applications of weighted automata. Weighted finite automata are classical nondeterministic finite automata in which the transitions carry weights. These weights may model, e. g. , the cost involved when executing a transition, the amount of resources or time needed for this,or the probability or reliability of its successful execution. The behavior of weighted finite automata can then be considered as the function (suitably defined) associating with each word the weight of its execution. Clearly, weights can also be added to classical automata with infinite state sets like pushdown automata; this extension constitutes the general concept of weighted automata. To illustrate the diversity of weighted automata, let us consider the following scenarios. Assume that a quantitative system is modeled by a classical automaton in which the transitions carry as weights the amount of resources needed for their execution. Then the amount of resources needed for a path in this weighted automaton is obtained simply as the sum of the weights of its transitions. Given a word, we might be interested in the minimal amount of resources needed for its execution, i. e. , for the successful paths realizing the given word. In this example, we could also replace the “resources” by “profit” and then be interested in the maximal profit realized, correspondingly, by a given word.Trade ReviewFrom the reviews:"This book is an excellent reference for researchers in the field, as well as students interested in this research area. The presentation of applications makes it interesting to researchers from other fields to study weighted automata. ... One of the main arguments in favor of this handbook is the completeness of its index table — usually a faulty section in such volumes. The chapters are globally well-written and self-contained, thus pleasant to read, and the efforts put to maintain consistency in vocabulary thorough the book are very appreciable." (Michaël Cadilhac, The Book Review Column 43-3, 2012)“The book presents a broad survey, theory and applications, of weighted automata, classical nondeterministic automata in which transitions carry weights. … The individual articles are written by well-known researchers in the field: they include extensive lists of references and many open problems. The book is valuable for both computer scientists and mathematicians (being interested in discrete structures).” (Cristian S. Calude, Zentralblatt MATH, Vol. 1200, 2011)Table of ContentsFoundations.- Semirings and Formal Power Series.- Fixed Point Theory.- Concepts of Weighted Recognizability.- Finite Automata.- Rational and Recognisable Power Series.- Weighted Automata and Weighted Logics.- Weighted Automata Algorithms.- Weighted Discrete Structures.- Algebraic Systems and Pushdown Automata.- Lindenmayer Systems.- Weighted Tree Automata and Tree Transducers.- Traces, Series-Parallel Posets, and Pictures: A Weighted Study.- Applications.- Digital Image Compression.- Fuzzy Languages.- Model Checking Linear-Time Properties of Probabilistic Systems.- Applications of Weighted Automata in Natural Language Processing.

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Book SynopsisThe present book is based on the conference Software Development and Reality Construction held at SchloB Eringerfeld in Germany, September 25 - 30, 1988. This was organized by the Technical University of Berlin (TUB) in cooperation with the German National Research Center for Computer Science (GMD), Sankt Augustin, and sponsored by the Volkswagen Foundation whose financial support we gratefully acknowledge. The conference was an interdisciplinary scientific and cultural event aimed at promoting discussion on the nature of computer science as a scientific discipline and on the theoretical foundations and systemic practice required for human-oriented system design. In keeping with the conversational style of the conference, the book comprises a series of individual contributions, arranged so as to form a coherent whole. Some authors reflect on their practice in computer science and system design. Others start from approaches developed in the humanities and the social sciences for understanding human learning and creativity, individual and cooperative work, and the interrelation between technology and organizations. Thus, each contribution makes its specific point and can be read on its own merit. But, at the same time, it takes its place as a chapter in the book, along with all the other contributions, to give what seemed to us a meaningful overall line of argumentation. This required careful editorial coordination, and we are grateful to all the authors for bearing with us throughout the slow genesis of the book and for complying with our requests for extensive revision of some of the manuscripts.Table of ContentsPrologue.- 1 Thinking About Computer Science.- 1.1 Human Questions in Computer Science.- 1.2 Learning from our Errors.- 2 Living Computer Science.- 2.1 The Technical and the Human Side of Computer Science.- 2.2 Hermeneutics and Path.- 2.3 Computing: Yet Another Reality Construction.- 2.4 How Many Choices Do We Make? How Many Are Difficult?.- 2.5 From Scientific Practice to Epistemological Discovery.- 3 On Reality Construction.- 3.1 Self-Organization and Software Development.- 3.2 Software Development as Reality Construction.- 3.3 The Idea that Reality is Socially Constructed.- 4 Learning to Know.- 4.1 Scientific Expertise as a Social Process.- 4.2 How to Communicate Proofs or Programs.- 4.3 Making Errors, Making Sense, Making Use.- 4.4 Artifacts in Software Design.- 5 Computer Science and Beyond.- 5.1 The Denial of Error.- 5.2 Towards a New Understanding of Data Modelling.- 5.3 A Reappraisal of Information Science.- 6 Understanding the Computer Through Metaphors.- 6.1 Perspectives and Metaphors for Human-Computer Interaction.- 6.2 Software Tools in a Programming Workshop.- 6.3 Soft Engines — Mass-Produced Software for Working People?.- 6.4 Artificial Intelligence: A Hermeneutic Defense.- 7 Designing for People.- 7.1 Shared Responsibility: A Field of Tension.- 7.2 A Subject-Oriented Approach to Information Systems.- 7.3 Anticipating Reality Construction.- 7.4 On Controllability.- 7.5 Work Design for Human Development.- 8 Epistemological Approaches to Informatics.- 8.1 Truth and Meaning Beyond Formalism.- 8.2 Informatics and Hermeneutics.- 8.3 Language and Software, or: Fritzl’s Quest.- 8.4 Activity Theory as a Foundation for Design.- 8.5 Reflections on the Essence of Information.- Epilogue.- List of Authors.

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Book SynopsisSprachliche Verstellungen in inkriminierten Texten wie Erpresserbriefen und Drohschreiben sind ein Phänomen, mit dem Gutachter/innen – beispielsweise im Rahmen von polizeilichen Ermittlungen – immer wieder konfrontiert werden. Um ihre Identität zu verschleiern, verfremden die Autor/innen dieser inkriminierten Texte ihren Sprachstil oder ahmen den Sprachgebrauch anderer Personen und Personengruppen nach. In der forensisch-linguistischen Forschungsliteratur werden diese Verstellungen häufig genannt, Gegenstand wissenschaftlicher Untersuchungen waren sie jedoch selten, so dass bisher nur wenig über sie bekannt war.Diese Arbeit widmet sich diesem Forschungsdesiderat mit dem Ziel, anhand eines Datenkorpus des Bundeskriminalamtes Merkmale von sprachlichen Verstellungen in inkriminierten Texten herauszuarbeiten, damit sie besser erkannt und adäquat beschrieben werden können. Die Untersuchung richtet sich vor allem an Personen, die in ihrer Arbeit mit inkriminierten Texten befasst sind.Table of Contents1. Einleitung.- 2. Theoretischer Rahmen.- 3. Forschungsstand.- 4. Datenkorpus.- 5. Methoden der Analyse.- 6. Analyseergebnisse.- 7. Zusammenfassung und Diskussion der Ergebnisse.- 8. Literaturverzeichnis.- Anhang.

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Book SynopsisFür Leser, die bereits die Grundlagen der Wissensverarbeitung und Computernetzwerke beherrschen, gibt das Buch einen Überblick über innovative Verfahren, die die automatisierte Suche, Recherche, Klassifikation und Verwaltung von Texten im Kontext dezentraler Systeme und vor allem im WWW erlauben. Besondere Aufmerksamkeit wird dabei auf eine personalisierte Verarbeitung gerichtet, die auch zeitliche Aspekte, wie z. B. das digitale Vergessen, einbeziehen. An vielen Stellen werden auf interessante und neuartige Art und Weise Analogien aus anderen Wissensgebieten, so z. B. zur Verarbeitung von Informationen und zum Lernen im menschlichen Gehirn sowie der Natur schlechthin genutzt.Table of ContentsWissensverarbeitung im menschlichen Gehirn - Lernen - Netzwerke für die Textanalyse - Digitale Updates und digitales Vergessen - Exploration von Netzwerkstrukturen - Konzepte des Text Minings in dezentralen Systemen - Informationsmanagement im Web

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Book SynopsisAkustische Interfaces - Eine Lagebestimmung.- Akustische versus implizit sonische Schnittstellen - eine innertechnische Sicht.- Appunns Tonometer - zu den Politiken eines zeitkritischen akustischen Interfaces im Phonogramm-Archiv Berlin.- Werkzeuge und Medienpraktiken - Intelligente persönliche Assistenten und das Paradigma objektorientierten Programmierens.- Der Mensch als akustisches Interface - über Prozesse der Einhörung, Übertragung und Übersetzung bei der Live-Audiodeskription und im Blindenfußball.- Voice Interfacing - zum Ermöglichungspotenzial digitalen Spielens mit der Stimme für Menschen mit Behinderungen.- Körper, Stimmen, Prothesen - eine Geschichte sprechender Interfaces als Assistenztechnologien.- Die Kategorisierung von Schwerhörigkeit durch Telefonie im Großbritannien der Zwischenkriegszeit.- Mobiles Musikhören als Interface.- Als mobile Kommunikationstechnologien noch neu waren.- Schnittstellen-Hören - Auditory Display, Interface-Display & Sonic Display, eine medienpraktische Verknüpfung.- Ton auf Band - Raum-Zeit-Manipulationen und Materialwiderstände im BBC Empire Service.- Sound be-greifen - ein Versuch eines akustischen Interfaces für die (Un-)Hörbarmachung digitaler Signale.- Design Tinkering, akustische Interfaces und Crip Computing - den Turn zum Auditiven weiterdrehen.- Klang (be)schreiben - Sprachsynthese im Goldenen Zeitalter der Science Fiction (1930–1959).- A book that speaks of its own – Bücher als akustische Interfaces - eine spekulative Annäherung an Repräsentationen von Sound im Kontext von Wissenskommunikation.- Der Maschinensemiotik-Ansatz für ein akustisches Mensch-Maschine-Interface.

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Book SynopsisThis book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 14th National Conference on Man-Machine Speech Communication, NCMMSC 2017, held in Lianyungang, China, in October 2017. The 13 revised full papers presented were carefully reviewed and selected from 39 submissions. The papers address issues such as challenging issues in speech recognition and enhancement, speaker and language recognition, speech synthesis, corpus and phonetic in speech technology, speech generation, speech analyzing and modelling, speech processing of ethnic minorities, speech emotion recognition and audio signal processing.Table of ContentsChallenging issues in speech recognition and enhancement.- Speaker and language recognition, speech synthesis.- Corpus and phonetic in speech technology.- Speech generation, speech analyzing and modelling.- Speech processing of ethnic minorities.- Speech emotion recognition.- Audio signal processing.

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Book SynopsisThis book gathers selected papers presented at the International Conference on Sentimental Analysis and Deep Learning (ICSADL 2021), jointly organized by Tribhuvan University, Nepal; Prince of Songkla University, Thailand; and Ejesra during June, 18–19, 2021. The volume discusses state-of-the-art research works on incorporating artificial intelligence models like deep learning techniques for intelligent sentiment analysis applications. Emotions and sentiments are emerging as the most important human factors to understand the prominent user-generated semantics and perceptions from the humongous volume of user-generated data. In this scenario, sentiment analysis emerges as a significant breakthrough technology, which can automatically analyze the human emotions in the data-driven applications. Sentiment analysis gains the ability to sense the existing voluminous unstructured data and delivers a real-time analysis to efficiently automate the business processes. Meanwhile, deep learning emerges as the revolutionary paradigm with its extensive data-driven representation learning architectures. This book discusses all theoretical aspects of sentimental analysis, deep learning and related topics.Table of ContentsAnalysis of Healthcare Industry Using Machine Learning Approach: A Case Study in Bengaluru Region.- Dynamic Document Localization for Ecient Mining.- SentiSeries: A Trilogy of Customer Reviews, Sentiment Analysis and Time Series.- Video Summarization using Fully Convolutional Residual Dense Network.- An Efficient Deep Learning Approach for Detecting Pneumonia Using the Convolutional Neural Network.- QMCDS: Quantum Memory for Cloud Data Storage.- A Study towards Bangla Fake News Detection using Machine Learning and Deep Learning.- A Deep Learning Approach to Analyze the Propagation of Pandemic in America.- Graph Convolution Based Joint Learning of Rumour with Content, User Credibility, Propagation Context and Cognitive as well as Emotion Signals.- Deep Learning based Real Time Object Classification and Recognition using Supervised Learning Approach.

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Book SynopsisThis book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 17th China Conference on Machine Translation, CCMT 2020, held in Xining, China, in October 2021. The 10 papers presented in this volume were carefully reviewed and selected from 25 submissions and focus on all aspects of machine translation, including preprocessing, neural machine translation models, hybrid model, evaluation method, and post-editing.Table of ContentsA Document-Level Machine Translation Quality Estimation Model Based on Centering Theory.- SAUNLP'S Submission for CCMT 2021 Quality Estimation Task.- BJTU-Toshiba's Submission to CCMT 2021 QE and APE task.- Low-resource Neural Machine Translation based on Improved Reptile Meta-Learning Method.- Semantic Perception-Oriented Low-resource Neural Machine Translation.- Semantic-aware Deep Neural Attention Network for Machine Translation Detection.- Routing Based Context Selection for Document-Level Neural Machine Translation.- Generating Diverse Back-translations via Constraint Random Decoding.- Machine Translation Evaluation Technical Report for CCMT' 2021.- BJTU's Submission to CCMT 2021 Translation Evaluation Task.

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