National liberation and independence Books

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Book SynopsisNarratives of anarchist and syndicalist history during the era of the first globalization and imperialism (1870-1930) have overwhelmingly been constructed around a Western European tradition centered on discrete national cases. This parochial perspective typically ignores transnational connections and the contemporaneous existence of large and influential libertarian movements in Africa, Asia, Latin America, and Eastern Europe. Yet anarchism and syndicalism, from their very inception at the First International, were conceived and developed as international movements. By focusing on the neglected cases of the colonial and postcolonial world, this volume underscores the worldwide dimension of these movements and their centrality in anti-colonial and anti-imperialist struggles. Drawing on in-depth historical analyses of the ideology, structure, and praxis of anarchism/syndicalism, it also provides fresh perspectives and lessons for those interested in understanding their resurgence today. Contributors are Luigi Biondi, Arif Dirlik, Anthony Gorman, Steven Hirsch, Dongyoun Hwang, Geoffroy de Laforcade, Emmet O'Connor, Kirk Shaffer, Aleksandr Shubin, Edilene Toledo, and Lucien van der Walt. With a foreword by Benedict Anderson.Trade Review"This volume is a must-read for anyone interested in a nuanced history of left-wing politics, radical labor and social movements [...] scholarly [...] but [...] accessible [...]." - Alex Bradshaw, in: FORsooth (published by the Louisville chapter of the Fellowship of Reconciliation), Volume 25, number 4 (May 2014), pp. 3, 7 “[…] a ground-breaking work [...] the collection is remarkable […] the chapters [...] are compelling [...] one might mention the sheer sense of discovery with which they overwhelm the reader [...]. All in all, the collection is remarkable [...]. The essays they have gathered and carefully knitted together fill a major gap in the historiography and form an impressive and challenging scholarly achievement.” - Yann Béliard, Université Paris 3- Sorbonne Nouvelle, in: Labour / Le Travail “The chapters develop a powerful sense of anarchism and syndicalism as global political forces, and on the whole this results in a very tightly edited and argued collection defined by excellent, committed scholarship.” - David Featherstone, University of Glasgow, UK, in: Journal of Global History "[...] [I]t is a valuable contribution. [...] [T]his is a readable, important addition to your local library." - Milan Rai, in: Peace News, Vol. 2550 (October 2012), p. 14 “[…] Hirsch and Van Der Walt’s collection is a salutary reminder of a time when a plurality of international anarchist, socialist and syndicalist initiatives broke out of narrow confines of national politics to challenge, colonialism and racism alike. It is a vital repository of revolutionary thought and practice…” - Bryan Palmer, Trent University, in: New Left Review, Vol. 77 (sept oct 2012), pp. 151-160 "[…] difficult for serious scholars to ignore this volume. […] This important book discusses anarchist and syndicalist movements in Argentina, Brazil, China, Cuba, Egypt, Ireland, Korea, Mexico, Peru, Puerto Rico, South Africa and the Ukraine in the period leading up to World War II." - Jon Bekken, in: Anarcho-Syndacalist Review, No. 60 (Summer 2013), 35-37 "[...] [T]he book investigates how anarchists and syndicalists engaged with imperialism, anti-colonial movements ‘and the national question’. Although this is an academic text, grassroots activists will find it useful too. The book offers deep insights into society and history, and it highlights relevant historical experiences that could benefit social movements worldwide." - Mandisi Majavu, in: Journal of Asian and African Studies Vol. 47, No. 122 (2012), pp. 122-124 "Let’s be clear about one thing – this book is an academic masterpiece." - Constance Bantman, in: Anarchist Studies Vol. 20 No. 1 (2012), pp. 106-108 "This groundbreaking volume on anarchism and syndicalism in the colonial and postcolonial world sheds new light on hitherto neglected historical – yet ever more useful – anti-colonial movements that reverberate with today’s growing resistance towards transnational corporate powers. [...] [T]his volume is an incredibly valuable addition to existing postcolonial theory." - Ole Birk Laursen, in: Journal of Postcolonial Writing 2012, First Review, 1–2 "The edited volume [...] contains a wealth of experience drawn from the colonial and postcolonial worlds for activists to reflect upon and scholars to debate." - Andrew Lawrence, in: Marx & Philosophy Review of Books, 26 April 2012 "The book is an excellent collection of narratives from the anarchist and syndicalist resistance to globalisation first attempt by the block of authoritarian and imperialist development (1870-1930) and goes beyond the usual Western European tradition [...]" - Dimitri Troaditis, in: Anarkismo.net (article 20751) "This is a superb book. " - Wayne Price, in: www.anarkismo.net & www.utopianmag.com (2011)Table of ContentsList of Illustrations Acknowledgments List of Contributors Foreword, Benedict Anderson Rethinking Anarchism and Syndicalism: the colonial and post-colonial experience, 1870-1940, Lucien van der Walt and Steven J. Hirsch Preface to the Paperback Edition, Steven J. Hirsch and Lucien van der Walt PART ONE: ANARCHISM AND SYNDICALISM IN THE COLONIAL WORLD “Diverse in race, religion and nationality… but united in aspirations of civil progress”: the anarchist movement in Egypt 1860-1940, Anthony Gorman Revolutionary syndicalism, communism and the national question in South African socialism, 1886-1928, Lucien van der Walt Korean Anarchism before 1945: a regional and transnational approach, Dongyoun Hwang Anarchism and the Question of Place: thoughts from the Chinese experience, Arif Dirlik The Makhnovist Movement and the National Question in the Ukraine, 1917-1921, Аleksandr Shubin Syndicalism, Industrial Unionism, and Nationalism in Ireland, Emmet O’Connor PART TWO: ANARCHISM AND SYNDICALISM IN THE POSTCOLONIAL WORLD Peruvian Anarcho-Syndicalism: adapting transnational influences and forging counterhegemonic Practices, 1905-1930, Steven J. Hirsch Tropical Libertarians: anarchist movements and networks in the Caribbean, Southern United States, and Mexico, 1890s-1920s, Kirk Shaffer Straddling the Nation and the Working World: anarchism and syndicalism on the docks and rivers of Argentina, 1900-1930, Geoffroy de Laforcade Constructing Syndicalism and Anarchism Globally: the transnational making of the syndicalist movement in São Paulo, Brazil, 1895-1935, Edilene Toledo and Luigi Biondi Final Reflections: the vicissitudes of anarchist and syndicalist trajectories, 1940 to the present, Steven J. Hirsch and Lucien van der Walt Index

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Book SynopsisCars, Conduits and Kampongs offers a wide panorama of the modernization of the cities in Indonesia between 1920 and 1960. The contributions present a case for asserting that Indonesian cities were not merely the backdrop to processes of modernization and rising nationalism, but formed a causal factor. Modernization, urbanization, and decolonization were intrinsically linked. The various chapters deal with such innovations as the provision of medical treatments, fresh water and sanitation, the implementation of town planning and housing designs, and policies for coping with increased motorized traffic and industrialization. The contributors share a broad critique of the economic and political dimensions of colonialism, but remain alert to the agency of colonial subjects who respond, often critically, to a European modernity. Contributors include: Freek Colombijn, Joost Coté, Saki Murakami, Michelle Kooy, Karen Bakker, Pauline K.M. van Roosmalen, Hans Versnel, Farabi Fakih, Radjimo Sastro Wijono, Gustaaf Reerink, Arjan Veering, Johny A. Khusyairi, Purnawan Basundoro, Ida Liana Tanjung, and Sarkawi B. Husain.

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Book SynopsisCitizenship and Democratization in Southeast Asia redirects the largely western-oriented study of citizenship to postcolonial states. Providing various fascinating first-hand accounts of how citizens interpret and realize the recognition of their property, identity, security and welfare in the context of a weak rule of law and clientelistic politics, this study highlights the importance of studying citizenship for understanding democratization processes in Southeast Asia. With case studies from Thailand, Indonesia, the Philippines and Cambodia, this book provides a unique bottom-up perspective on the character of public life in Southeast Asia. Contributors are: Mary Austin, Laurens Bakker, Ward Berenschot, Sheri Lynn Gibbings, Takeshi Ito, David Kloos, Merlyna Lim, Astrid Norén-Nilsson, Oona Pardedes, Emma Porio, Apichat Satitniramai, Wolfram Schaffer and Henk Schulte Nordholt.Trade Review"The international debate over the democratizing effects of citizenship especially in postcolonial societies is gathering strength. Social movements from Asia and Africa to Latin America and Middle East have successfully challenged postcolonial authoritarian regimes and began democratizing political citizenship though not without variations or paradoxes. This book on democratizing citizenship in Southeast Asia is a brilliant and original contribution that walks the reader through these paradoxes. It not only contributes to citizenship studies in general but also in postcolonial societies with a sharp focus on Southeast Asia." – Engin Isin, The Open University, UKTable of ContentsAbout the Authors List of Illustrations 1. Introduction: Citizenship and Democratization in Postcolonial Southeast Asia, Ward Berenschot, Henk Schulte Nordholt and Laurens Bakker Part I: Clientelism and Citizenship 2. Citizen Participation and Decentralization in the Philippines, Emma Porio 3. Everyday Citizenship in Village Java, Takeshi Ito 4. Elections and Emerging Forms of Citizenship in Cambodia, Astrid Norén-Nilsson 5. Sosialisasi, Citizenship and Street Vendors in Yogyakarta, Sheri Lynn Gibbings Part II: Identity and Citizenship 6. Militias, Security and Citizenship in Indonesia, Laurens Bakker 7. Custom and Citizenship in the Philippine Uplands, Oona Thommes Paredes 8. Citizenship and Islam in Malaysia and Indonesia, David Kloos and Ward Berenschot Part III: Middle Classes Engaging the State 9. Digital Media and Malaysia’s Electoral Reform Movement, Merlyna Lim 10. Citizenship, Rights and Adversarial Legalism in Thailand, Wolfram Schaffar 11. Defending Indonesia’s Migrant Domestic Workers, Mary Austin 12. The Yellow Shirts versus the Red Shirts and the Rise of a New Middle Class in Thailand, Apichat Satitniramai

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Book SynopsisThe Non-Aligned Movement had an important impact on the history of decolonization, South-South cooperation, the Global Cold War and the North-South conflict. During the 20th century nearly all Asian, African and Latin American countries joined the movement to make their voice heard in global politics. In The Non-Aligned Movement, Jürgen Dinkel examines for the first time the history of the NAM since the interwar period as a special reaction of the “Global South” to changing global orders. The study shows breaks and caesurae as well as continuities in the history of globalization and analyses the history of international relations from a non-western perspective. For this book, empirical research was undertaken in Germany, Great Britain, Indonesia, Russia, Serbia, and the United States.

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Book SynopsisParadise Lost. Race and Racism in Post-apartheid South Africa is about the continuing salience of race and persistence of racism in post-apartheid South Africa. The chapters in the volume illustrate the multiple ways in which race and racism are manifested and propose various strategies to confront racial inequality, racism and the power structure that underpins it, while exploring, how, through a renewed commitment to a non-racial society, apartheid racial categories can be put under erasure at exactly the time they are being reinforced.Trade Review[...] Paradise Lost is an essential read for understanding South Africa’s inextricable and heartbreaking entanglement with its deep history of racist colonial and apartheid systems. Throughout each book chapter, each author strives to outline solutions or ways forward within their particular sites of research—from the possibilities and limits of Ubuntu and decoloniality (citing Ndlovy-Gatsheni), to calls for African knowledge production and raciolinguistic decolonial thinking, to the necessity of radical democratic politics. These essays culminate in Modimowarbarwa Kanyane’s thoughtful elaborations of the ways South Africans need to work towards decolonizing both white and black minds to create substantive equality, social justice, and national reconciliation. The strength of this collection, however, is in giving us the realities of both past and present as a platform for reimagining what South Africa could be. Ultimately, the paradox that Paradise Lost reveals is that South Africa must think with race in mind or the country will never move through or beyond racism. Kathryn Mathers, Duke University, in Research Africa Reviews Vol. 7 No. 1, April 2023, pp. 60-63

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Book SynopsisThe Khoisan of the Cape are widely considered virtually extinct as a distinct collective following their decimation, dispossession and assimilation into the mixed-race group ‘coloured’ during colonialism and apartheid. However, since the democratic transition of 1994, increasing numbers of ‘Khoisan revivalists’ are rejecting their coloured identity and engaging in activism as indigenous people. Based on long-term ethnographic fieldwork in Cape Town, this book takes an unprecedented bottom-up approach. Centring emic perspectives, it scrutinizes Khoisan revivalism’s origins and explores the diverse ways Khoisan revivalists engage with the past to articulate a sense of indigeneity and stake political claims.Trade Review[...] With the acts of identity reclamation—specifically Khoisan ethnic self-assertion—reverberating in South Africa, Botswana and Namibia, this monograph is timely and pertinent. It will appeal to academics and students of history, heritage studies, ethnicity and/or subaltern studies, and postcolonial theory. Khoisan Conscious is a particularly invaluable resource for San studies and explorations of the notion of indigeneity. It will be of interest to researchers working in the space of race and ethnic identification, memory and memorialization, and emic historicization. Connie Rapoo, University of Botswana, in Research Africa Reviews Vol. 7 No. 1, April 2023, pp. 53-55Table of ContentsForeword Preface List of Figures List of Abbreviations Introduction 1 Defining a Phenomenon, Navigating a Field Studying Khoisan Revivalism through Reflexive Ethnography  1.1 Ethnography and the Interpretation of Emic Perspectives  1.2 Gathering Data on an Elusive Phenomenon: Heterogeneous Interlocutors, Reflexive Methods, and Eclectic Sources  1.2.1 Sources  1.2.2 Methods and Wider Implications of the Research part 1 Lost in Categorization? The Khoisan Extinction Discourse, and the Intellectual Roots and Aspirations of Khoisan Revivalism 2 (Re)Thinking the ‘Khoisan’ The Fate of a People, the Career of a Concept  2.1 Dispossession, Assimilation, and the ‘vanishing native’: A Brief Overview of Khoisan History  2.1.1 Dutch Colonialism Settles on South African Shores: Frontier Settlers and Expendable Natives (1652–1806)  2.1.2 British Colonialism, Assimilation, and Salvage Ethnography (1795–1910)  2.1.3 Union, Apartheid, and Coloured Citizens (1910–1970s)  2.2 Black Consciousness, Khoisan Revisionist Historiography, and the Origins of Khoisan Revivalism (1970s–1997)  2.2.1 Black Consciousness and the Reinvention of Coloured Identity in the Anti-apartheid Struggle  2.2.2 Henry Bredekamp and Khoisan revisionistRevisionist Historiography  2.2.3 Towards a New Khoisan Agenda in the Post-apartheid Era 3 The Political Accommodation and Diversification of Post-apartheid Khoisan Revivalism  3.1 Joseph Little, Traditional Leadership, and the Politicization of Khoisan identityIdentity (1997–2012)  3.1.1 From the Cape Cultural Heritage Development Council to the National Khoisan Council: Traditional Leadership and Indigenous Rights on the Agenda  3.1.2 Khoisan politicsPolitics in the Aftermath of the 2001 National Khoisan Consultative Conference: From Peak to Stagnation  3.2 Khoisan Revivalism in the 2010s: Towards a Broad-Based Identity Movement?  3.2.1 A New Cohort of Khoisan Revivalists  3.2.2 Land Reform, the Traditional and Khoi-San Leadership Act, and the Advent of a Broad-Based Identity Movement part 2 Ethnographic Encounters with Khoisan Revivalism in Cape Town 4 The Khoisan Identity Discourse (i) Reclaiming History and Remedying the ‘identity crisis’  4.1 ‘Khoisan forever, Coloured never’: Khoisan Identity as the Answer to the Identity Crisis  4.1.1 Identities Lost and Found: Khoisan Identity as a Spiritual Experience  4.1.2 An Eye-Opening Experience: Diagnosing and Healing the Identity Crisis  4.2 Reclaiming Khoisan History: Coloured Indigeneity and Indigenous Colouredness  4.2.1 Khoisan Revivalist Perspectives on the Past: Exposing Historical Continuity  4.2.2 Rewriting the Khoisan Past  4.2.3 Recuperating Khoisan Heroes: The Case of Krotoa 5 The Khoisan Identity Discourse (ii) Entitlement, Land Claims, and Traditional Leadership  5.1 Empowerment, Discursive Land Claims, and the Boundaries of Khoisan Indigeneity  5.2 On Khoisan Revivalist Traditional Leadership 6 Reviving Khoisan Culture Between Continuity and Change  6.1 ‘Like stepping into a time machine’  6.1.1 Plants, Rituals, and Inspiration from the North  6.1.2 Tourism, Mending the ‘broken string’, and Reviving Khoekhoegowab  6.2 21st Century Interpretations of Khoisan Culture: Hip-hop, Jazz, and Fashion part 3 Theoretical Perspectives on Khoisan Revivalism 7 Khoisan Revivalism and the Therapeutics of Emic History  7.1 Therapeutic History, Heritage, and the Case of Khoisan Revivalism  7.2 Subverting ‘repressive authenticity’? The Khoisan Revivalist Guide to Reclaiming History and Authenticity  7.2.1 Authenticity after Colonialism: Repressive Authenticity and the Khoisan Extinction Discourse  7.2.2 ‘Subversive authenticity’: Repressive Authenticity Turned Inside Out?  7.3 Closing Reflections on the Therapeutics of Emic History  Conclusion Khoisan Consciousness and Its Discontents in a Post-transitional South Africa Bibliography Index

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Book SynopsisMaking Russians is an innovative study dealing with Russian nationalities policy in Lithuania and Belarus in the aftermath of the 1863 Uprising. The book devotes most attention to imperial confessional and language policy, for in Russian discourse at that time it was religion and language that were considered to be the most important criteria determining nationality. The account of Russian nationalities policy presented here differs considerably from the assessments usually offered by historians from east-central Europe primarily because the author provides a more subtle description of the aims of imperial nationalities policy, rejecting the claim that the Russian authorities consistently sought to assimilate members of other national groups. At the same time the interpretation this study offers opens a discussion with western and Russian historians, especially those, who lay heavy emphasis on discourse analysis. This study asserts that the rhetoric of officials and certain public campaigners was influenced by a concept of political correctness, which condemned all forms of ethnic denationalisation. A closer look at the implementation of discriminatory policy allows us to discern within Russian imperial policy more attempts to assimilate or otherwise repress the cultures of non-dominant national groups than it is possible to appreciate simply by analysing discourse alone.Trade Review“Making Russians offers an intriguing insight into the nationalities policies of the late tsarist period. The argument is well constructed and the research is superb. … Staliūnas offers an interesting analysis for those interested in Lithuania, Russifi cation and minority integration yesterday, today and tomorrow.” - in: The Slavonic and East European Review 89.4 (October 2011) “This monograph is a work of model scholarship and an outstanding example of the new international school of the study of the practice and lived experience of tsarist rule in the empire’s borderlands.” - in: Forschungen zur baltischen Geschichte Band 6 (2011) “important … illustrated with excellent photographs … a significant contribution to the studies of imperial politics” - in: PINKAS – Culture and History of East European Jewry, Vol III, 2010 “Making Russians is an exceptionally soundly written monograph, one based on unique source materials and one that significantly enriches the existing works on the process of Russification” - in: Acta Poloniae Historica “Darius Staliunas’s book has much to recommend it. It is thoroughly researched, with extensive use of Russian, Lithuanian, and Polish archival sources … The introduction provides a detailed and highly useful of the historiography of the use of Russification and “national policies” - in: Kritika: Explorations in Russian and Eurasian History 11.2 (Spring 2010) "Il libro rappresenta uno dei più importanti risultati della recente storiografia sul-l’Impero russo" - in: Russica Romana, Volume XVI, 2009 "[Staliunas‘ book] provides more [information] on the period when Lithuanian and Belarusian territories were under the rule of the Russian Empire and shows a high methodological level of the contemporary Lithuanian historiography." - in: Ukraina Moderna “Die englische Übersetzung […] erlaubt einen Blick in Details, die sonst nur in den landessprachlichen Veröffentlichungen der Region verfolgbar wären. Das Werk setzt zugleich durch seine weit gefasste und konsequent verfolgte Fragestellung einen mächtigen Stein in den Bogen eines neuen Verständnisses der russischen Nationalitätenpolitik im Zarenreich.” - in: NORDEUROPAforum 1/2009 “(…) it‘s worth reading „Making Russians“. And in order to widen the audience one should think about translating it [into Belarusian].” - in: Belarusian Historical Review 16.1 (2009) "Staliunas has written an important book on nineteenth century imperial politics. Above all, it demonstrates how a differentiated view of administrative conceptions and measures can illuminate differences between central and provincial governments, while also helping to explain the generalized failure of imperial policies and their contribution to national mobilization in the late Tsarist empire." - in: Journal of Baltic Studies 29.3 (September 2008) “construct[s] a new angle in a rather cultivated field, i.e. Russification and Imperial policy towards Lithuanians in the second half of the nineteenth century …“innovative… presents a new perception in the historiography of nationalism.” - in: Lithuanian Historical Studies 13 (2008) „Insgesamt betrachtet, stellt das Werk aber eine große Hilfe für das Verständnis der durch zahlreiche Stolperfallen gekennzeichneten vormodernen russländischen Nationalitätenpolitik dar.“ - in: Jahrbücher für Geschichte Osteuropas Band 57 (2009), 1 “Staliūnas’s Making Russians is a path-breaking monograph in understanding aspects of russification, the variety of attitudes and related policy toward different languages, the shifts in nationality, linguistic and religious particularities, and marginal or forgotten ideas. All this is what makes Staliūnas’s book a bible for a scholar—no serious scholarship in the field can escape consulting it hereafter.” - Giedrius Subačius, in: Archivum Lithuanicum 10 (2008) "Staliunas gives us a detailed, careful analysis of the making of Russian policy … this study offers an interesting examination of Russia’s problems of imperial reform, and it makes clear why the imperial government did not introduce the zemstvo system into its northwest territory." - in: Slavic Review 67.3 (Fall 2008) "[a] nuanced analysis" - James P. Nielsen, in: Ab Imperio "This book is a double boon, a monograph combining original research with focused coverage of recent research and developing historiography in a Euroatlantic framework. … In Making Russians, Darius Staliūnas’ will-to-pluralize is a judicious historiographical review of the blueprints for Russification, essential for all who study the borderlands of empire." - Steven Seegel, in: Ab Imperio “Darius Staliūnas’ book has significantly contributed to our understanding of nationality politics in the North-Western province of the Russian empire in the 1860s. By drawing on his deep knowledge of local and central archives the author restores voices and actions of the empire’s actors in this region” - Juliette Cadiot, in: Ab Imperio, vol. 3 (2008) "Darius Staliūnas‘ research is distinguished by an engrossing and modern methodology of the analysis, a high level of generalization and the revelation of Russian national politics in Lithuanian and Belarusian territories which is based on numerous sources and the most objective approach to the issue. Consequently, it is worth incorporating the work of the Lithuanian historian into Belarusian scientific context and publish it in Belarusian language." - in: ARCHE (http://arche.by) "Without question Darius Staliūnas has presented us with a richly detailed study that really does make plain the intricate nature of imperial policy for managing its North Western Province. … historians of nineteenth century Russia and the history of borderlands will want to read this study." - in: Central and Eastern European Review, Volume 2 (2008) “The content of Staliūnas’s book illuminates a place, time, and set of circumstances that deserves thorough understanding. This meticulously crafted, thoughtful work rises admirable to the formidable task. It will be important reading for students of the Russian Empire and of nationality/language policy in multiethnic states, both historical and contemporary.” - in: The Russian Review 67.2 (April 2008) “The book is based on a thorough reading of secondary sources and an exhaustive use of archival materials and is not likely to be superceded soon. … The quality of the scholarship here is first rate … this important book will be required reading for anyone interested in nationality policy in the Russian Empire and, indeed, for anyone interested in nineteenth-century Russian history.” - in: Zeitschrift für Ostmitteleuropa-Forschung 56 (2007) H. 4 "An einem markanten historischen Beispiel analysierte und spezifizierte Darius Staliunas den so vagen wie politisch belasteten Begriff der „Russifizierung“. Er befasste sich mit der Integrationspolitik des Russischen Reiches im nordwestlichen Grenzgebiet nach dem Januaraufstand der Polen 1863, betrachtete sie im Fokus der Nationsbildung und widerlegte die Auffassung, Russifizierung sei als eine einheitliche und gleichförmige Politik gegenüber sämtlichen ethno-konfessionellen Gruppen abzuhandeln. Daraus ergibt sich ein differenziertes Bild." - in: H-Soz-u-Kult, 05.05.2008 “Making Russians is a valuable and insightful examination, based on a solid archival foundation, of the nationalities policies in tsarist Russia’s northwestern borderlands of Lithuania and Belarus. Making Russians explores the various strategies of “Russification” that the imperial government pursued – largely unsuccessfully – in this region. The book is essential reading for all students of imperial Russia. It has applications for the present as well, when issues of national identity continue to engage the citizens of both Russia and the states of the Former Soviet Union.” - John Klier, University College London "Making Russians is a solid monograph, supported by unique sources and significantly enriching existing works on the topic of Russification (…). It is impossible to separate statements in Darius Staliunas‘ work, which are entirely new or add to our knowledge of some facts and phenomena. These numerous statements concern very specific details and more general questions. I could only suggest translating this book into Polish, so Polish readers would get an opportunity to get acquainted with it." - Leszek Zasztowt, Rozprawy z Dziejow OswiatyTable of ContentsAcknowledgements Abbreviations Map of the North Western Province and the Suvalki Gubernia (Kingdom of Poland) Introduction I. Administrative Boundaries and Nationality Policy II. The Search for a Nationality Policy Strategy in the Early 1860s III. The Meanings of Russification IV. Separating “Them” from “Us.” Definitions of Nationality in Political Practice V. Confessional Experiments VI. Metamorphoses in Language Policy Conclusions Notes Bibliography List of Illustrations Index

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Book SynopsisThe island, because of its supposed isolation, and its apparent small scale, has historically been a privileged site of colonial aggression and acquisitiveness. Yet the island has also been imagined as a uniquely sovereign space, and thus one in which the colonial enterprise can be seen as especially egregious. ‘Islandedness’ takes on a particular charge in the early twenty-first century, in the supposedly postcolonial period. While contemporary media offer a simulacrum of proximity to others, the reality is that we are ever more distant, inhabiting islands both real and conceptual. Meanwhile migrants from today’s ‘postcolonial’ islands are routinely denied access to the perceived ‘mainland’. And, in islands freed from overt colonialism, but often beset by neocolonial forces of domination and control, identities are constructed so as to differentiate insider from outsider – even when the outsider comes from within. This is the first volume devoted explicitly to the postcolonial island, conceived in a broad geographical, historical, and metaphorical sense. Branching across disciplinary parameters (literary studies, anthropology, history, cultural studies), and analyzing a range of cultural forms (literature, dance, print journalism, and television), the volume attempts to focus critically on three areas: the current realities of formerly colonized island nations; the phenomenon of ‘foreign’ communities living within a dominant host community; and the existence of (local) practices and theoretical perspectives that complement, but are often critical of, prevailing theories of the postcolonial. The islands treated in the volume include Ireland, Montserrat, Martinique, Mauritius, and East Timor, and the collection includes more broadly conceived historical and theoretical essays. The volume should be required reading for scholars working in postcolonial studies, in island studies, and for those working in and across a range of disciplines (literature, cultural studies, anthropology). Contributors: Ralph Crane, Matthew Boyd Goldie, Lyn Innes, Maeve McCusker, Paulo de Medeiros, Burkhard Schnepel, Cornelia Schnepel, Jonathan Skinner, Anthony Soares, Ritu Tyagi, Mark WehrlyTable of ContentsAcknowledgements Illustrations Introduction Matthew Boyd Goldie: Island Theory — The Antipodes Maeve McCusker: Writing Against the Tide? — Patrick Chamoiseau’s (Is)land Imaginary Jonathan Skinner: A Distinctive Disaster Literature — Montserrat Island Poetry under Pressure Ritu Tyagi: Rethinking Identity and Belonging — ‘Mauritianness’ in the Work of Ananda Devi Burkhard Schnepel and Cornelia Schnepel: From Slave to Tourist Entertainer — Performative Negotiations of Identity and Difference in Mauritius Ralph Crane: “Amid the Alien Corn” — British India as Human Island Mark Wehrly: Journalism and Identity — The Red-Top Hangover and Erosions of ‘Island Mentality’ in Postcolonial Ireland Anthony Soares: Western Blood in an Eastern Island — Affective Identities in Timor-Leste Lyn Innes: “No Man is an Island” — National Literary Canons, Writers, and Readers Paulo de Medeiros: Impure Islands — Europe and a Post-Imperial Polity Notes on Contributors Index

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