Metals technology / metallurgy Books
Taylor & Francis Ltd Metallic Materials
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£37.04
Taylor & Francis Ltd ElectronIonPlasma Modification of a Hypoeutectoid AlSi Alloy
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£65.54
Taylor & Francis Ltd Minerals in Africa
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£68.39
Taylor & Francis Ltd Shape Memory Materials
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£45.99
Taylor & Francis Ltd Thermal and Time Stability of Amorphous Alloys
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£43.69
Taylor & Francis Ltd Magnesium Alloys as Degradable Biomaterials
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£43.69
Taylor & Francis Ltd Structure and Concentration of Point Defects in Selected Spinels and Simple Oxides
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£128.25
Taylor & Francis Ltd Structure and Concentration of Point Defects in Selected Spinels and Simple Oxides
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£47.49
Taylor & Francis Ltd Corrosion Protection of Metals and Alloys Using Graphene and Biopolymer Based Nanocomposites
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£58.89
Taylor & Francis Ltd Advances in Terrestrial Drilling
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£128.25
Taylor & Francis Ltd Artificial IntelligenceAided Materials Design
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£104.50
Taylor & Francis Ltd Supramolecular Chemistry in Corrosion and Biofouling Protection
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£166.25
Taylor & Francis Ltd Friction Based Additive Manufacturing Technologies
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£51.29
Taylor & Francis Ltd Corrosion Protection of Metals by Intrinsically Conducting Polymers
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£45.99
Taylor & Francis Ltd Silicon Germanium and Their Alloys
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£45.99
Taylor & Francis Ltd Structural Steelwork Limit state design
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£114.00
Taylor & Francis Ltd Refractory Technology
Book SynopsisThis book explains the refractories from different fundamental aspects, even with the support of phase diagrams, and also details the prominent applications of these industrial materials. The initial chapters cover fundamentals of refractories, classifications, properties, and testing, while later chapters describe different common shaped and unshaped refractories in detail and special refractories in a concise manner. The second edition includes new classifications, microstructures, the effect of impurities with binary and ternary phase diagrams, and recent trends in refractories including homework problems and an updated bibliography.Features: Provides exclusive material on refractories Discusses detailed descriptions of different shaped and unshaped refractories Covers concepts like environmental issues, recycling, and nanotechnology Explores details on testing and specifications including thermochemical and corrosion behavior IncTable of Contents1. Refractory . 2. Classifications of refractories. 3. Idea of properties. 4. Standards and testing. 5. Silica refractories. 6. Alumina refractories. 7. Fire clay refractories. 8. Magnesia refractories. 9. Dolomite refractories. 10. Chromite, mag-chrome and chrome-mag refractories. 11. Magnesia-carbon refractories. 12. Special refractories. 13. Unshaped (monolithic) refractories. 14. Trend of refractories and other issues.
£78.99
Taylor & Francis Ltd HighEntropy Materials
Book SynopsisResearch in the field of high-entropy materials is advancing rapidly. High-Entropy Materials: Advances and Applications focuses on materials discovered using the high-entropy alloys (HEA) strategy. It discusses various types of high-entropy materials, such as face-centered cubic (FCC) and body-centered cubic (BCC) HEAs, films and coatings, fibers, and powders and hard-cemented carbides, along with current research status and applications: Describes, compositions and processing of high-entropy materials. Summarizes industrially valuable alloys found in high-entropy materials that hold promise for promotion and application. Explains how high-entropy materials can be used in many fields and can outperform traditional materials.This book is aimed at researchers, advanced students, and academics in materials science and engineering and related disciplines.Table of ContentsChapter 1 Brief Introduction of High-Entropy MaterialsChapter 2 FCC-Structured High-Entropy MaterialsChapter 3 BCC-Structured High-Entropy MaterialsChapter 4 Multiple-Phase High-Entropy MaterialsChapter 5 High-Entropy Films and CoatingChapter 6 High-Entropy FibersChapter 7 High-Entropy Powder and Hard-Cemented Carbide AlloysChapter 8 High-Entropy Ceramics and Intermetallic CompoundsChapter 9 High-Entropy Polymers and Entropic MaterialsChapter 10 Future and Applications
£118.75
Taylor & Francis Ltd AmorphousNanocrystalline Alloys
Book SynopsisAmorphous-nanocrystalline alloys are a relatively new class of materials born from the rapid development of new technologies and different methods of producing amorphous and nanocrystalline powders and films, compacting, melt quenching, megaplastic deformation, implantation, laser, plasma, and other high-energy methods. This book considers methods of producing these materials (melt quenching, controlled crystallization, deformation effect, and pulse treatments (photon, laser and ultrasound), spraying thin films, and ion implantation). Theoretical and experimental studies describe plastic deformation mechanisms and physico-mechanical properties. Practical applications are also presented.Table of ContentsPreface. Amorphous metal materials. Methods for preparing. Features of the structure. Structural relaxation. Defects in amorphous alloys. .Mechanical properties. Methods of study of mechanical properties. Resistance. The plasticity and mechanisms of plastic deformation. Destruction. Phenomenon of temper brittleness. Magnetic properties. Ferromagnetism and ferrimagnetism of amorphous metals. Magnetoelastic phenomena in amorphous alloys. Nanocrystalline alloys.Classification of nanocrystalline alloys. Methods of preparing bulk nanocrystalline materials. Structure. Physical and mechanical properties. Theoretical strength and the theoretical hardness. Hall-Petch ratio and its anomaly. The structural mechanisms of plastic deformation. Disruption. Magnetic properties. Amorphous nanocrystalline alloys. Methods for the preparation of crystalline-amorphous materials. Melt quenching. Controlled curve of crystallization. Strain effect. Compacting of powders. Pulse formation processing. Preparation of thin films. Ionic implantation. The structure of alloys. Features of the transition of the amorphous state to a crystalline. state with the thermal effects. Special features of transformation of amorphous alloys to the crystalline state during deformation. Structure during compaction of powders. The structure under pulsed light annealing. Changes in the structure under the influence of the pulse laser light. The structure of amorphous-crystalline films. Mechanical properties. The mechanical properties of amorphous alloy in the early stages of crystallization. Mechanical properties in the later crystallization steps. Mechanical properties in melt quenching at a critical speed. Mechanical properties at deformation effects. Mechanical properties after pulse processing. Mechanical properties of amorphous-nanocrystalline film. Magnetic properties. The theory of magnetism in nanocrystals with strong grain interactions. The magnetic properties of the Fe-Si-Nb-Cu-B alloys ( «Finemet»). Magnetic properties of alloys after megaplastic deformation. Magnetic properties of Fe-M-B-Cu ( «Nanoperm") and (Fe, Co) -M-B-Cu ( «Termoperm") allopys. Magnetic properties of Fe-Nd-B alloys. Magnetic properties of the films.
£185.25
Taylor & Francis Ltd Advanced Fracture Mechanics and Structural
Book SynopsisAdvanced Fracture Mechanics and Structural Integrity is organized to cover quantitative descriptions of crack growth and fracture phenomena. The mechanics of fracture are explained, emphasizing elastic-plastic and time-dependent fracture mechanics. Applications are presented, using examples from power generation, aerospace, marine, and chemical industries, with focus on predicting the remaining life of structural components and advanced testing metods for structural materials. Numerous examples and end-of-chapter problems are provided, along with references to encourage further study.The book is written for use in an advanced graduate course on fracture mechanics or structural integrity.Table of Contents1. Introduction and Review of Linear Elastic Fracture Mechanics 2. Analysis of Cracks under Elastic–Plastic Conditions 3. Methods of Estimating J-Integral 4. Crack Growth Resistance Curves and Measures of Fracture Toughness 5. Effects of Constraint on Fracture and Stable Crack Growth under Elastic–Plastic Loading 6. Microscopic Aspects of Fracture 7. Fatigue Crack Growth under Large-Scale Plasticity 8. Analysis of Cracks in Creeping Materials 9. Creep–Fatigue Crack Growth 10. Applications
£128.25
Taylor & Francis Ltd Machining of Light Alloys
Book SynopsisAluminium, magnesium and titanium are alloys of special interest for engineering applications in a wide range of sectors such as aeronautics, automotive and medical. Their low density, along with sufficient mechanical properties, makes them especially adequate for sectors such as transportation allowing diminishing weight less fuel consumption and emissions to the atmosphere.Nowadays, machining is still one the most important manufacturing processes, not only for metal parts, but also for specially designed hybrid parts for more demanding new applications. A wide range of valuable research has been done on the machining of conventional engineering materials. However, when dealing with light alloys and hybrid materials containing them, they need to face new challenges. Particularly, it is important to analyse the suitability of the machining of these alloys in the current context of Industry 4.0, focusing on the development of cost-effective and sustainable processes.ThTable of ContentsLight alloys and their machinability: A review. Investigation on the built-up edge process when dry machining aeronautical aluminum alloys. Advances in the machining of holes and internal threads in light alloys. Design, manufacturing, and machining trials of magnesium-based hybrid parts. Laser surface processing of magnesium alloys. Sensor monitoring of titanium alloy machining. Cryogenic machining of titanium alloys. Advanced technologies in drilling of light alloys and CFRP hybrid stacks for airframe structure manufacturing in the aerospace industry.
£114.00
Cambridge University Press FiniteElement Plasticity and Metalforming Analysis
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£35.14
Cambridge University Press Metal Forming Analysis
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£46.54
Cambridge University Press Superplasticity in Metals and Ceramics
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£52.60
Cambridge University Press Molybdenum in Agriculture
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£34.19
Cambridge University Press Spray Simulation
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Cambridge University Press The Electrical Properties of Disordered Metals
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£97.85
Cambridge University Press The Theory of Metals
Book SynopsisThis second edition, first published in 1953 when the mathematical formulation of the theory of metals was substantially completed, provides a valuable survey for physicists and research metallurgists. It is a critical survey of the electronic properties of solids. A detailed index provides a useful aid to independent reading.Table of ContentsPreface; 1. Historical introduction; 2. The motion of an electron in a perfect crystal lattice; 3. Metallic structures; 4. The structure of alloys; 5. Semi-conductors; 6. The thermal and magnetic properties of metals; 7. Ferromagnetism; 8. The formal theory of conduction; 9. The mechanism of conductivity; 10. Application of the variation principle to conduction phenomena; Appendix: the Firmi-Dirac statistics; List of important symbols, units and physical constants; Index of subjects; Index of names.
£46.54
Cambridge University Press Stability of Microstructure in Metallic Systems
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£101.65
Cambridge University Press Introduction to the High Temperature Oxidation of Metals
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£64.59
Cambridge University Press Physical Metallurgy
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£161.50
Cambridge University Press Physical Metallurgy
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£85.49
Cambridge University Press Superplasticity in Metals and Ceramics
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£153.90
Cambridge University Press Spray Simulation
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£93.00
Schiffer Publishing Ltd Forging Damascus Steel Knives for Beginners
Book Synopsis
£19.54
Schiffer Publishing Ltd The Art of the Tinsmith
Book Synopsis
£23.39
John Wiley & Sons Inc Metal Failures Mechanisms Analysis Prevention
Book SynopsisOne of the only texts available to cover not only how failure occurs but also examine methods developed to expose the reasons for failure, Metal Failures has long been considered the most definitive and authoritative resources in metallurgical failure analysis.Table of ContentsPreface xv 1. Failure Analysis 1 I. Introduction 1 II. Examples of Case Studies Involving Structural Failures 6 III. Summary 25 References 25 Problems 26 2. Elements of Elastic Deformation 27 I. Introduction 27 II. Stress 27 III. Strain 32 IV. Elastic Constitutive Relationships 35 V. State of Stress Ahead of a Notch 44 VI. Summary 46 References 46 Appendix 2-1: Mohr Circle Equations for a Plane Problem 46 Appendix 2-2: Three-Dimensional Stress Analysis 49 Appendix 2-3: Stress Formulas Under Simple Loading Conditions 54 Problems 57 3. Elements of Plastic Deformation 59 I. Introduction 59 II. Theoretical Shear Strength 59 III. Dislocations 61 IV. Yield Criteria for Multiaxial Stress 68 V. State of Stress in the Plastic Zone Ahead of a Notch in Plane-Strain Deformation 70 VI. Summary 74 For Further Reading 75 Appendix 3-1: The von Mises Yield Criterion 75 Problems 76 4. Elements of Fracture Mechanics 80 I. Introduction 80 II. Griffith’s Analysis of the Critical Stress for Brittle Fracture 80 III. Alternative Derivation of the Griffith Equation 83 IV. Orowan-Irwin Modification of the Griffith Equation 84 V. Stress Intensity Factors 85 VI. The Three Loading Modes 88 VII. Determination of the Plastic Zone Size 88 VIII. Effect of Thickness on Fracture Toughness 89 IX. The R-Curve 91 X. Short Crack Limitation 92 XI. Case Studies 92 XII. The Plane-Strain Crack Arrest Fracture Toughness, K I a, of Ferritic Steels 95 XIII. Elastic-plastic Fracture Mechanics 96 XIV. Failure Assessment Diagrams 98 XV. Summary 101 References 101 Problems 102 5. Alloys and Coatings 105 I. Introduction 105 II. Alloying Elements 106 III. Periodic Table 107 IV. Phase Diagrams 108 V. Coatings 126 VI. Summary 130 References 130 Problems 130 6. Examination and Reporting Procedures 132 I. Introduction 132 II. Tools for Examinations in the Field 132 III. Preparation of Fracture Surfaces for Examination 133 IV. Visual Examination 133 V. Case Study: Failure of a Steering Column Component 134 VI. Optical Examination 135 VII. Case Study: Failure of a Helicopter Tail Rotor 136 VIII. The Transmission Electron Microscope (TEM) 136 IX. The Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) 138 X. Replicas 142 XI. Spectrographic and Other Types of Chemical Analysis 143 XII. Case Study: Failure of a Zinc Die Casting 144 XIII. Specialized Analytical Techniques 145 XIV. Stress Measurement by X-Rays 146 XV. Case Study: Residual Stress in a Train Wheel 149 XVI. The Technical Report 150 XVII. Record Keeping and Testimony 151 XVIII. Summary 154 References 155 Problem 155 7. Brittle and Ductile Fractures 156 I. Introduction 156 II. Brittle Fracture 156 III. Some Examples of Brittle Fracture in Steel 159 IV. Ductile-Brittle Behavior of Steel 161 V. Case Study: The Nuclear Pressure Vessel Design Code 168 VI. Case Study: Examination of Samples from the Royal Mail Ship (RMS) Titanic 172 VII. Ductile Fracture 177 VIII. Ductile Tensile Failure, Necking 177 IX. Fractographic Features Associated with Ductile Rupture 183 X. Failure in Torsion 185 XI. Case Study: Failure of a Helicopter Bolt 185 XII. Summary 188 References 191 Problems 191 8. Thermal and Residual Stresses 196 I. Introduction 196 II. Thermal Stresses, Thermal Strain, and Thermal Shock 196 III. Residual Stresses Caused by Nonuniform Plastic Deformation 200 IV. Residual Stresses Due to Quenching 204 V. Residual Stress Toughening 207 VI. Residual Stresses Resulting from Carburizing, Nitriding, and Induction Hardening 207 VII. Residual Stresses Developed in Welding 209 VIII. Measurement of Residual Stresses 211 IX. Summary 211 References 211 Appendix 8-1: Case Study of a Fracture Due to Thermal Stress 212 Problems 213 9. Creep 216 I. Introduction 216 II. Background 216 III. Characteristics of Creep 217 IV. Creep Parameters 220 V. Creep Fracture Mechanisms 222 VI. Fracture Mechanism Maps 224 VII. Case Studies 225 VIII. Residual Life Assessment 230 IX. Stress Relaxation 232 X. Elastic Follow-up 233 XI. Summary 234 References 234 Problems 234 10. Fatigue 237 I. Introduction 237 II. Background 237 III. Design Considerations 240 IV. Mechanisms of Fatigue 246 V. Factors Affecting Fatigue Crack Initiation 254 VI. Factors Affecting Fatigue Crack Growth 257 VII. Analysis of the Rate of Fatigue Crack Propagation 261 VIII. Fatigue Failure Analysis 273 IX. Case Studies 276 X. Thermal-Mechanical Fatigue 285 XI. Cavitation 285 XII. Composite Materials 286 XIII. Summary 287 References 287 For Further Reading 290 Problems 290 11. Statistical Distributions 293 I. Introduction 293 II. Distribution Functions 293 III. The Normal Distribution 294 IV. Statistics of Fatigue; Statistical Distributions 296 V. The Weibull Distribution 298 VI. The Gumbel Distribution 302 VII. The Staircase Method 307 VIII. Summary 310 References 310 Appendix 11-1: Method of Linear Least Squares (C. F. Gauss, 1794) 311 Problems 314 12. Defects 316 I. Introduction 316 II. Weld Defects 316 III. Case Study: Welding Defect 321 IV. Casting Defects 328 V. Case Study: Corner Cracking during Continuous Casting 329 VI. Forming Defects 329 VII. Case Studies: Forging Defects 330 VIII. Case Study: Counterfeit Part 332 IX. The Use of the Wrong Alloys; Errors in Heat Treatment, etc. 333 X. Summary 334 References 334 Problems 334 13. Environmental Effects 336 I. Introduction 336 II. Definitions 336 III. Fundamentals of Corrosion Processes 337 IV. Environmentally Assisted Cracking Processes 342 V. Case Studies 348 VI. Cracking in Oil and Gas Pipelines 350 VII. Crack Arrestors and Pipeline Reinforcement 352 VIII. Plating Problems 353 IX. Case Studies 353 X. Pitting Corrosion of Household Copper Tubing 356 XI. Problems with Hydrogen at Elevated Temperatures 356 XII. Hot Corrosion (Sulfidation) 358 XIII. Summary 358 References 358 Problems 359 14. Flaw Detection 360 I. Introduction 360 II. Inspectability 360 III. Visual Examination (VE) 364 IV. Penetrant Testing (PT) 364 V. Case Study: Sioux City DC-10 Aircraft 367 VI. Case Study: MD-88 Engine Failure 374 VII. Magnetic Particle Testing (MT) 375 VIII. Case Study: Failure of an Aircraft Crankshaft 378 IX. Eddy Current Testing (ET) 382 X. Case Study: Aloha Airlines 384 XI. Ultrasonic Testing (UT) 384 XII. Case Study: B747 389 XIII. Radiographic Testing (RT) 389 XIV. Acoustic Emission Testing (AET) 391 XV. Cost of Inspections 393 XVI. Summary 393 References 394 Problems 394 15. Wear 396 I. Wear 396 II. The Coefficient of Friction 397 III. The Archard Equation 398 IV. An Example of Adhesive Wear 399 V. Fretting Fatigue 399 VI. Case Study: Friction and Wear; Bushing Failure 403 VII. Roller Bearings 404 VIII. Case Study: Failure of a Railroad Car Axle 410 IX. Gear Failures 410 X. Summary 414 References 414 Problems 415 Concluding Remarks 417 Solutions to Problems 419 Name Index 469 Subject Index 473
£126.30
John Wiley & Sons Inc Shape Memory Alloy Actuators
Book SynopsisThis book provides a systematic approach to realizing NiTi shape memory alloy actuation, and is aimed at science and engineering students who would like to develop a better understanding of the behaviors of SMAs, and learn to design, simulate, control, and fabricate these actuators in a systematic approach. Several innovative biomedical applications of SMAs are discussed. These include orthopedic, rehabilitation, assistive, cardiovascular, and surgery devices and tools. To this end unique actuation mechanisms are discussed. These include antagonistic bi-stable shape memory-superelastic actuation, shape memory spring actuation, and multi axial tension-torsion actuation. These actuation mechanisms open new possibilities for creating adaptive structures and biomedical devices by using SMAs.Table of ContentsList of Contributors vii Preface xi Acknowledgments xiii 1 Introduction 1Christoph Haberland, Mahmoud Kadkhodaei and Mohammad H. Elahinia 2 Mathematical Modeling and Simulation 45Reza Mirzaeifar and Mohammad H. Elahinia 3 SMA Actuation Mechanisms 85Masood Taheri Andani, Francesco Bucchi and Mohammad H. Elahinia 4 Control of SMA Actuators 125Hashem Ashrafiuon and Mohammad H. Elahinia 5 Fatigue of Shape Memory Alloys 155Mohammad J. Mahtabi, Nima Shamsaei and Mohammad H. Elahinia 6 Fabricating NiTi SMA Components 191Christoph Haberland and Mohammad H. Elahinia 7 Experimental Characterization of Shape Memory Alloys 239Ali S. Turabi, Soheil Saedi, Sayed Mohammad Saghaian, Haluk E. Karaca and Mohammad H. Elahinia Index 279
£93.05
Goodheart-Wilcox Publisher Industrial Maintenance and Mechatronics
Book Synopsis
£164.00
ISTE Ltd and John Wiley & Sons Inc Duplex Stainless Steels
Book SynopsisDuplex Stainless Steels (DSSs) are chromium-nickel-molybdenum-iron alloys that are usually in proportions optimized for equalizing the volume fractions of austenite and ferrite. Due to their ferritic-austenitic microstructure, they possess a higher mechanical strength and a better corrosion resistance than standard austenitic steels. This type of steel is now increasing its application and market field due to its very good properties and relatively low cost. This book is a review of the most recent progress achieved in the last 10 years on microstructure, corrosion resistance and mechanical strength properties, as well as applications, due to the development of new grades. Special attention will be given to fatigue and fracture behavior and to proposed models to account for mechanical behavior. Each subject will be developed in chapters written by experts recognized around the international industrial and scientific communities. The use of duplex stainless steels has grown rapidly in the last 10 years, particularly in the oil and gas industry, chemical tankers, pulp and paper as well as the chemical industry. In all these examples, topics like welding, corrosion resistance and mechanical strength properties (mainly in the fatigue domain) are crucial. Therefore, the update of welding and corrosion properties and the introduction of topics like texture effects, fatigue and fracture strength properties, and mechanical behavior modeling give this book specific focus and character.Table of ContentsPreface xiii Chapter 1. Process: Hot Workability 1 Isabel GUTIERREZ and Amaia IZA-MENDIA 1.1. Introduction 1 1.2. As-cast microstructure 1 1.3. Microstructural evolution during hot working 4 1.4. Mechanical behavior under hot working 16 1.5. Static softening 28 1.6. Hot workability 31 1.7. Conclusions 39 1.8. Acknowledgments 39 1.9. References 39 Chapter 2. Corrosion Resistance Properties 47 Jacques CHARLES 2.1. Introduction 47 2.2. The duplex grades and pitting resistance equivalent numbers 48 2.3. Some fundamentals concerning stainless steel corrosion resistance 50 2.4. The different forms of corrosion 60 2.5. Some complex corrosion behaviors encountered in industrial applications 100 2.6. Conclusions 111 2.7. References 111 Chapter 3. Phase Transformation and Microstructure 115 Angelo Fernando PADILHA and Ronald Lesley PLAUT 3.1. Introduction 115 3.2. Phase diagrams and typical phases 117 3.3. Solidification 120 3.4. Austenite precipitation 121 3.5. Phase changes occurring below 1,000°C 123 3.6. Cold working and annealing 132 3.7. Final remarks 134 3.8. References 135 Chapter 4. Welding Processes, Microstructural Evolution and Final Properties of Duplex and Superduplex Stainless Steels 141 Franco BONOLLO, Alberto TIZIANI and Paolo FERRO 4.1. Introduction 141 4.2. ƒÏ-ferrite ƒÏƒnaustenite transformation 142 4.3. Secondary and intermetallic phases precipitation during welding processes 145 4.4. Welding processes for DSS and SDSS 147 4.5. Final remarks 155 4.6. References 155 Chapter 5. Thermal Embrittlement of Cast Duplex Stainless Steels: Observations and Modeling 161 Andre PINEAU and Jacques BESSON 5.1. Introduction 161 5.2. Composition, elaboration, microstructure, and mechanical properties 163 5.3. Thermal embrittlement of the ferrite phase in DSS 170 5.4. Materials investigated and embrittlement heat treatments 181 5.5. Damage and rupture 186 5.6. Scale effect and scatter 189 5.7. Modeling of rupture 192 5.8. Conclusion 201 5.9. References 201 Chapter 6. Low-Cycle Fatigue at Room Temperature 209 Iris ALVAREZ-ARMAS 6.1. Introduction 209 6.2. Cyclic hardening/softening process 210 6.3. Uniaxial cyclic plasticity in DSSs 219 6.4. Final remarks 236 6.5. Acknowledgments 237 6.6. References 237 Chapter 7. Multiaxial Low-Cycle Fatigue Behavior at Room Temperature 241 Suzanne DEGALLAIX-MOREUIL 7.1. Introduction 241 7.2. Multiaxial LCF – introduction 242 7.3. Biaxial LCF of a DSS type 25-07 248 7.4. Conclusions 270 7.5. Acknowledgments 270 7.6. References 270 Chapter 8. Partition of Cyclic Plasticity in the 25Cr-7Ni-0.25N Duplex Stainless Steel Investigated by Atomic Force Microscopy 275 Jean-Bernard VOGT, Daniel SALAZAR and Ingrid PRORIOL SERRE 8.1. Introduction 275 8.2. Material 277 8.3. Experimental procedure 278 8.4. Cyclic behavior at a low strain range 280 8.5. Cyclic behavior at a high strain range 289 8.6. Conclusions 300 8.7. References 300 Chapter 9. Macro- and Micromodeling of the Monotonic and Cyclic Mechanical Behavior of a Forged DSS 303 Veronique AUBIN and Pierre EVRARD 9.1. Introduction 303 9.2. Macroscopic modeling of the mechanical behavior 304 9.3. Micromechanical modeling 318 9.4. General conclusion 332 9.5. References 334 Chapter 10. Low-Cycle Fatigue at Intermediate Temperatures 339 Alberto F. ARMAS 10.1. Introduction 339 10.2. Materials studied 342 10.3. UNS S32900 DSS 345 10.4. UNS S32750 SDSS 352 10.5. Temperature influence on the fatigue life 361 10.6. Final remarks 363 10.7. Acknowledgments 364 10.8. References 364 Chapter 11. Industrial Processing and Fatigue Response of DSSs 367 Nuri AKDUT 11.1. Introduction 367 11.2. Morphological aspects 369 11.3. The role of morphological texture on the fatigue response 372 11.4. The role of nitrogen-content on the fatigue response of DSSs 375 11.5. Cyclic plasticity and fatigue of nitrogen-alloyed DSSs – effects of cyclic softening 383 11.6. Summary and conclusions 395 11.7. References 396 Chapter 12. Applications 403 Mats LILJAS and Fredrik SJOHOLM 12.1. Introduction 403 12.2. Historical review 404 12.3. Current (modern) DSS grades 408 12.4. Modern applications 409 12.5. Conclusions 422 12.6. References 422 Appendix 425 List of Authors 429 Index 433
£194.70
ISTE Ltd and John Wiley & Sons Inc Extractive Metallurgy 1: Basic Thermodynamics and
Book SynopsisThis book is dedicated to the processes of mineral transformation, recycling and reclamation of metals, for the purpose of turning metals and alloys into a liquid state ready for pouring. Even though "process metallurgy" is one of the oldest technologies implemented by man, technological innovation, with the development of processes that are both focused on product quality and economically and ecologically efficient, continues to be at the heart of these industries. This book explains the physico-chemical bases of transformations, vital to their understanding and control (optimization of operational conditions), and the foundations in terms of "process engineering" (heat and matter assessment, process coupling: chemical reactions and transport phenomena), vital to the optimal execution and analysis of transformation process operations. This book is addressed to students in the field of metallurgy and to engineers facing the problem of metal and alloy development (operation of an industrial unit or development of a new process).Trade Review"The books are addressed to students in the field of metallurgy and to engineers facing the problem of metal and alloy development." (World of Metallurgy, 2011)Table of ContentsPreface xi Chapter 1. Metallurgical Thermochemistry 1 1.1. Introduction 1 1.2. Quantities characterizing the state of a system and its evolution 3 1.3. Thermodynamic fundamentals of reactions 16 1.4. Phase diagrams 36 1.5. Bibliography 39 Chapter 2. Oxides, Sulfides, Chlorides and Carbides 41 2.1. Introduction 41 2.2. Metal-oxygen/metal-sulfur systems activities in the intermediate phases 42 2.3. Standard Gibbs free energy: temperature diagrams for oxides – Ellingham-Richardson diagrams 51 2.4. Thermodynamic data for sulfides and chlorides 58 2.5. Metal-carbon phase diagrams and the Ellingham-Richardson diagram for Carbides 63 2.6. Carbon and carbon oxide reactions 67 2.7. Bibliography 71 Chapter 3. Metal Solutions, Slags and Mattes 73 3.1. Introduction 73 3.2. Metal solutions 74 3.3. Mattes 93 3.4. Slags 106 3.5. Bibliography 127 Chapter 4. Aqueous Electrolytic Solutions and Salt Melts 131 4.1. Introduction 131 4.2. Thermodynamics of aqueous electrolyte solutions 131 4.3. Thermodynamics of salt melts (fluxes) 173 4.4. Bibliography 179 Chapter 5. Reaction Kinetics 183 5.1. Introduction 183 5.2. Rate of a chemical reaction 184 5.3. Homogeneous precipitation 189 5.4. Kinetics and mechanism of heterogeneous reactions 194 5.5. Reaction rates for in situ conversion of a solid particle 211 5.6. Heterogeneous precipitation 215 5.7. Bibliography 217 Chapter 6. Transport Kinetics 219 6.1. Introduction 219 6.2. Equations of change and relationships between diffusion fluxes and driving forces 223 6.3. Interphase mass or heat transport (mass and heat transfer) 227 6.4. Mass and heat transfer coefficients 236 6.5. Overall kinetics of extraction processes under mixed control 247 6.6. Bibliography 251 Chapter 7. Particulate Kinetics 253 7.1. Introduction 253 7.2. Gasification/leaching of a particle 254 7.3. Heterogeneous precipitation: growth rate of the particles 263 7.4. In situ conversion of a solid particle 264 7.5. Conversion of a particle undergoing strong exo- or endothermic chemical reactions 270 7.6. Transfer processes between two fluid phases, one phase being dispersed (as drops or bubbles) in the second phase 276 7.7. Bibliography 280 Chapter 8. Electrochemical Reactions 283 8.1. Overview of electrochemical processes 283 8.2. Equilibrium electric potential of an elementary electrochemical reaction 285 8.3. Electrochemical equilibria of metals and metalloids (Pourbaix diagrams)292 8.4. Electrochemical kinetics 306 8.5. Redox electrochemical reactions 314 8.6. Bibliography 322 List of Symbols 325 Index 337 Summaries of Other Volumes 345
£139.60
ISTE Ltd and John Wiley & Sons Inc Extractive Metallurgy 2: Metallurgical Reaction
Book SynopsisExtractive metallurgy is the art and science of extracting metals from their ores and refining them. The production of metals and alloys from these source materials is still one of the most important and fundamental industries in both developed and developing economies around the world. The outputs and products are essential resources for the metallic, mechanical, electromagnetic, electrical and electronics industries (silicon is treated as a metal for these purposes). This series is devoted to the extraction of metals from ores, concentrates (enriched ores), scraps, and other sources and their refining to the state of either liquid metal before casting or to solid metals. The extraction and refining operations that are required may be carried out by various metallurgical reaction processes. Extractive Metallurgy 1 deals with the fundamentals of thermodynamics and kinetics of the reaction processes. Extractive Metallurgy 2 focuses on pyrometallurgical, hydrometallurgical, halide and electro-metallurgical (conversion) processes. Extractive Metallurgy 3 deals with the industrial processing operations, technologies, and process routes, in other words the sequence of steps or operations used to convert the ore to metal. Processes and operations are studied using the methodology of "chemical reaction engineering". As the fundamentals of the art and science of Extractive Metallurgy are infrequently taught as dedicated university or engineering schools courses, this series is intended both for students in the fields of Metallurgy and Mechanical Engineering who want to acquire this knowledge, and also for engineers put in charge of the operation of an industrial production unit or the development of a new process, who will need the basic knowledge of the corresponding technology.Trade Review"The books are addressed to students in the field of metallurgy and to engineers facing the problem of metal and alloy development." (World of Metallurgy, 2011) Table of ContentsPreface xi Chapter 1. Hydrometallurgical Extraction Processes 1 1.1. Overview of hydrometallurgical processes 1 1.2. Leaching processes 2 1.3. Precipitation processes 39 1.4. Solvent extraction 55 1.5. Hydrometallurgical processing routes of ores, concentrates and residue (flowsheets) 62 1.6. Bibliography 81 Chapter 2. Electrometallurgical Extraction Processes 87 2.1. Overview of electrometallurgical processes 87 2.2. Electrolysis −?nbases 88 2.3. Aqueous electrolysis: bases 98 2.4. Electrowinning of copper 103 2.5. Electrowinning of nickel 108 2.6. Electrowinning of zinc 111 2.7. Electrorefining of lead 114 2.8. Electrorefining of tin 115 2.9. Cobalt electrowinning 115 2.10. Bibliography 115 Chapter 3. Halide Extraction Processes 117 3.1. Overview of the halide extraction processes 117 3.2. Chlorination processes 118 3.3. Reduction of halides 132 3.4. Bibliography 137 Chapter 4. Reduction of Metal Oxides 139 4.1. Introduction 139 4.2. Solid state oxide reduction by a gaseous reducing agent 148 4.3. Solid-state carbothermic reduction 168 4.4. Carbothermic smelting reduction 183 4.5. Smelting reduction by slag-metal reactions 195 4.6. Carbothermic reduction of silica and alumina 203 4.7. Metallothermic reductions 212 4.8. Bibliography 216 Chapter 5. Oxygen Steelmaking 221 5.1. Overview of steel converting and refining operations 221 5.2. Converting and refining reactions 222 5.3. Oxidation of hot metal elements by gaseous oxygen 226 5.4. “Slag-metal” reactions 232 5.5. Stainless steel making 245 5.6. Ultra-low carbon steel making 249 5.7. Bibliography 252 Chapter 6. Sulfide Extraction Processes 255 6.1. Introduction 255 6.2. Oxidation of sulfides (in the solid state) 258 6.3. Matte oxidation by gaseous oxygen 269 6.4. Reactions occurring in smelting and converting operations 274 6.5. Smelting reduction of a roasted concentrate and primary converting 284 6.6. Secondary converting of Cu2S, Ni3S2 and PbS mattes 285 6.7. Bibliography 291 Chapter 7. Metal Refining Processes 295 7.1. Introduction 295 7.2. Steel refining/secondary steelmaking 296 7.3. Aluminum refining 310 7.4. Copper refining 313 7.5. Lead refining 315 7.6. Tin refining 318 7.7. Zinc refining 318 7.8. Titanium and zirconium refining 319 7.9. Nickel refining 319 7.10. Bibliography 321 List of Symbols 325 Index 337 Summary of Other Volumes 349
£139.60
Librum Publishers & Editors LLC Antike Stahlerzeugung: Ein Nachweis Der
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£66.50
