Medicine / Healthcare: general issues / topics Books

Book SynopsisSmallpox, yellow fever, malaria, and polio, fearful diseases that once beset Americans, are now largely, just unhappy history. Yet from our confrontations with these past plagues come lessons that inform today's struggles to understand and remedy problems like HIV/AIDS, coronary heart disease, and Ebola infection. American Plagues weaves stories of encounters with epidemics over our history with lessons that aid our present understanding of health and disease. Doctors and clergy, writers and newsmen, public health institutions, and even an entire town relate their personal experiences with various outbreaks and the ways they were identified, contained, and treated. The stories are filled with ambition and accomplishment, jealousy and disappointment, public spirit and self-interest, egotism and modesty. Some episodes lead to vital discoveries. Others were unproductive. Yet each proved instructive and expanded our abilities to gather and process information in ways that improve medicinTrade ReviewThe term plague is no longer limited to bacterial or viral infections, but is expanding to include heart disease and cancer in this updated edition of a popular textbook. Gehlbach, dean emeritus of the School of Public Health at the University of Massachusetts, Amherst, leads a thoroughly engrossing exploration of American medical history across 12 chapters, which range from a Boston smallpox outbreak in 1721 to a measles outbreak at Disneyland in 2014. Gehlbach describes how devastating epidemic diseases have been encountered, misunderstood, understood, and then conquered (smallpox, yellow fever, tuberculosis, polio) or ameliorated (heart disease, AIDS). He also addresses the deadly new problem of multiply antibiotic-resistant infections as well as contemporary medicine’s disastrous bête noire: the anti-vaccine movement. In addition to lauding fine accounts of the great historical studies (the Framingham study of heart disease, the Wynder and Graham study of lung cancer), Gehlbach warns that plenty of research turns up nonsense, and he delivers a painless primer on how to tell good studies from bad. Readers will have little trouble understanding his explanations of bias, contamination, true positives versus false positives, and meta-analysis. Gehlbach’s book is often assigned reading for college-level public health classes, and all textbooks should be as entertaining. * Publishers Weekly, Starred Review *Gehlbach provides a vivid picture of life in the United States as extraordinary health events occurred throughout history. Beginning his discourse with the yellow fever epidemic in Philadelphia in 1793, the author describes the scenes in a manner that pulls the reader into the setting, so that he or she can experience the gravity of each episode. The author serves as a ‘health detective’ by exploring the environment, events, and players involved within 11 significant health events, which include more modern scenarios (HIV/AIDS, health-related infections, the recent outbreak of measles, and the misunderstanding of vaccinations). The author recognizes the importance of public health surveillance and data analysis, and chronicles the development of epidemiology, which had an essential impact on health-related proceedings. In addition to a descriptive, insightful narrative, the author uses extensive references and frequent illustrations. Summing Up: Recommended. All readers. * CHOICE *American Plagues: Lessons from Our Battles with Disease is not just a useful text book for any public health or medical student, it is a useful read for anyone wishing to have a better understanding of public health in America and how we have learned to address plagues and epidemics over the years. * Herald and Review *The updated version of his 2005 volume, American Plagues: Lessons from Our Battles with Disease, succeeds admirably. It conveys Gehlbach’s infectious enthusiasm for his subject so effectively that general readers will also relish the historical detective’s account of medical mysteries stretching back to the founding of the nation…. Gehlbach’s updated edition includes chapters on fresh patterns of infectious disease and their spread, sometimes by the very health care providers and in hospitals dedicated to battling such diseases, a circumstance first identified 170 years ago by Dr. Oliver Wendell Homes…. Gehlbach’s considerable narrative skills are exceeded only by his mastery of how American medicine and public health have progressed incrementally, always ‘gaining from experience.’ * Bulletin of the History of Medicine *This new edition of American Plagues: Lessons from Our Battles with Disease is most welcome. Ten years ago I was impressed with how history and clinical medicine was masterfully woven together by Stephen Gehlbach into a coherent narrative that worked remarkably well in the classroom. This edition is no different. More than just a reprinting, this updated version has new chapters on the problem of infections bred by the very professions charged with combating them and the current wave of dangerous misinformation regarding vaccines. Having taught courses in the medical humanities for some twenty years, I can say with confidence that this is one of the best instructional texts I’ve ever used, a verdict rendered not just by me but by my students who used it. Even beyond the classroom, American Plagues has lessons for us all, demonstrating that history and clinical practice are inextricably tied together. This book should be on the shelf of every academic library. -- Michael A. Flannery, Professor and Assistant Dean for Special and Historical Collections, UAB Libraries, University of Alabama at BirminghamStephen Gehlbach's book provides a remarkable insight into how we came to understand the critical importance of public health measures as major determinants of disease incidence and mortality. While the book is nominally about the spread of infectious disease, it is really far more than that. Its rich trove of historical anecdotes reveals how we developed our current insights in the origins of diverse diseases and the biological processes that allowed them to flourish in human populations. The ultimate benefit from these stories come from the clear lessons they teach about disease prevention, revealing how reductions in disease incidence will lead inevitably to corresponding reductions in disease-related mortality. In fact, disease prevention has been increasingly pushed off-stage in recent decades, yielding ever more frequently to reports of dramatic advances in medical treatment. However, with every passing year, it becomes increasingly clear that major reductions in various diseases and the mortality that they cause will only come from preventing them rather than treating them once they have been diagnosed. This critical lesson is taught time and again in this highly readable and entertaining tour of the origins of the science of public health. -- Robert Weinberg, PhD, Daniel K. Ludwig Professor for Cancer Research,Whitehead Institute, Massachusetts Institute of TechnologyDr. Stephen Gehlbach has written an eminently readable and scholarly epilogue to his book of ten years ago then entitled American Plagues: Lessons from Our Battles with Disease. This updated version captures many of the more modern plagues afflicting populations world-wide and complements rather than replaces the earlier volume. Those interested in medical history will surely want to peruse this current volume. -- John D. Hamilton, MD, Professor Emeritus of Medicine, Duke University; author of the History of Infectious Diseases at Duke in the 20th CenturyIntrigued by the mysteries of medicine Gehlbach brings to life detective stories of American epidemics from the smallpox outbreak in Boston of 1721 to the Disneyland measles eruption in the 21st century. He takes us to the successes and shortcomings as physicians grappled with causes and cures and battled both the diseases and each other as epidemics raged and differences of opinion counterbalanced each other leaving the layman to ponder. Written with wit and wisdom, peppered with historical vignettes and humorous tales of eccentric physicians, along the way, the readers, both health professionals and laymen grasp the progression of the scientific method and the significance of epidemiology. -- N. Lynn Eckhert, MD, Dr PH, Senior Lecturer; Harvard Medical SchoolI recommend the revised edition of Stephen H. Gehlbach’s American Plagues. Gehlbach’s work has long been a staple text for me to familiarize my students with the history of infectious disease control in my introduction to American Medicine Courses. This new edition updates the chapter on AIDS and other parts while adding two excellent and necessary chapters: one on hospital-borne infections; and one on the consequences of misplaced and ill-informed fears about contagion and disease causation. Gehlbach’s analysis of the consequences of the anti-vaccination movement and the challenge of Ebola transmission in America will provoke excellent discussion in the classroom about the need for evidence and theories of disease. Students of public health or the history of medicine will also find the italicized terminology sprinkled throughout the historical vignettes very valuable for learning basic principles of epidemiology, clinical science, and public health. These features and this book will be of great utility to teachers for that reason as well. I strongly commend this new edition. -- Stephen Inrig, PhD, MSCS, Director, Interdisciplinary Healthcare Research; Director, Health Policy and Management Graduate Program; Mount Saint Mary's University, Los AngelesStephen Gehlbach masterfully tells the fascinating stories of major American disease outbreaks over almost three centuries. Each narrative illuminates the passion and intellect needed to solve the epidemic, both infectious and chronic. The historical context and clearly presented data evidence grab the reader. What better way to learn epidemiology than by following the steps, one by one, of resolving these public health threats. This book is a superb addition for public health students, undergraduate and graduate. As well, it is very good read. -- Harrison C. Spencer, MD, MPH, President and CEO, Association of Schools and Programs of Public HealthTable of ContentsPreface 1: Gunpowder and Calomel: Benjamin Rush and the Malignant Yellow Fever 2: Doctors and Ministers: Smallpox in Boston, 1721 3: Noddle’s Island Experiment: Benjamin Waterhouse and Vaccination 4: Scourge of the Middle West: Autumnal Fever and Daniel Drake 5: Improving the Numbers: Lemuel Shattuck’s Report 6: Adirondack Cure: Consumption and Edward Trudeau 7: The Beginning and the End: Epidemic Poliomyelitis 8: A Cancer Grows: Edward Murrow and the Cigarette 9: Searching America’s Heart: the Framingham Study 10: A Cure for Complacency: HIV/AIDS 11: Too Little, Too Much: Healthcare Related Infections 12: Another Kind of Plague: Measles and Misinformation

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Book SynopsisThe assessment of cancer risk is a complex process that requires the examination of etiological agents, real-world environments, and individual rates of exposure. This reference offers practical approaches to determine cancer risk in individuals, groups of exposed persons, and the general public in relation to individual genetic and acquired susceptibilities.Table of ContentsCarcinogenesis and Molecular Genetics. Cancer Epidemiology. Chemical Causes of Cancer. Viral Causes of Cancer. Radiation Causes of Cancer. Occupational Cancers. Tobacco and Alcohol. Hormones and Cancer. Genetic Predisposition for Family Cancer Syndromes. Cancer in Minority Populations. Epidemiological Approaches to Studying Cancer I. Epidemiological Approaches to Studying Cancer II. Methods For Genetic Testing I. Methods For Genetic Testing II. Standards for Clinical Pathology Laboratories. Quantification of Occupational and Environmental Exposures in Epidemiological Studies. Cancer Risk Assessment I. Cancer Risk Assessment II. Cancer Susceptibility Genes and Common Gene Variants that Increase Cancer Risk.

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Book SynopsisThe number of elderly patients with diabetes is increasing at a significant rate. Responding to this growth, this source serves as a solid arsenal of information on the varying presentations and challenges associated with diabetes in the geriatric patient, and supplies clearly written sections on the screening, diagnosis, and treatment of diabetes in elderly populations. With contributions from renowned authorities from the national and international institutions, this reference will depict the role of specific co-morbidities, socioeconomic aspects, and caregiver issues on the effective management of diabetes in the older adult.Table of ContentsIntroduction. Epidemiology. Biology of Aging and Glucose Homeostasis. Pathophysiology and Insulin Resistance. Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics. Screening and Diagnosis of Diabetes in Older Adults. Co-Morbidities in Older Adults with Diabetes. Hypertension. Lipid Disorders. Cognitive Dysfunction. Depression. Falls and Diabetes. Polypharmacy. Urinary Incontinence. Chronic Pain Syndrome. Erectile Dysfunction. Functional Disabilities. Complications of Diabetes in Older Adults. Care of Older Hospitalized Patients. Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Complications. Peripheral Vascular Diseases. Nephropathy. Neuropathy. Eye Complications. Foot Care in Diabetes. Dermatological Complications. Hypoglycemia. Multidisciplinary Management of Diabetes in Older Adults. Goal Setting in Older Adults. Oral Agents. insulin. Medical Nutrition Therapy. Exercise. Diabetes Education in Older Adults. Monitoring. Risk Factor Management. Special Populations of Older Adults with Diabetes. Community Living Older Adults of Different Ethnicity. Management of Diabetes in Transitional Care Facilities. Management of Diabetes in Assisted Care and Nursing Home. Socio-Economic Aspects and Caregiver Issues. Economic Considerations. Community Support Services. Caregiver and Family Issues. Promising Research. Stem Cell Research. Pancreatic Transplantation. New Pharmacotherapy and Technologies.

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Book SynopsisThe prominence of the Bupleurum species cannot be overstated. Across China and Japan, it serves as a main or supplementary ingredient in over two thirds of traditional medications. For over 2000 years, it has been used to treat fevers, intestinal maladies, malaria, and countless other afflictions. Modern research indicates that it may possess anti-tumor qualities, and researchers continue to report its impact on a wide range of ailments, from hepatitis and epilepsy, to irregularity and menopause, as well as psychosis and schizophrenia.Bupleurum Species: Scientific Evaluation and Clinical Applications brings together the work of leading researchers from Asia and Europe who examine this remarkable genus of plants. Providing a comprehensive look at all aspects relevant to the species, this historic volume- qTable of ContentsBotany. Cultivation. Chemistry. Pharmacology. Patents.

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