Medical imaging: radiology Books

Book SynopsisThe new edition of this established text has been thoroughly revised and updated. It is divided into six parts. The first two parts cover the X-ray tube and X-ray generators. Part three looks at general, multipurpose radiographic equipment. Part four considers fluroscopic equipment, and the remaining two parts provide accounts of more specialized radiographic equipment and computer-based imaging modalities.Table of ContentsPart 1 The X-Ray Tube - Chapter 1 The X-Ray Tube: X-ray production; Electrical and radiation safety; Focal spot size; The problem of heat; X-ray tube construction and operation; Care of the X-ray tube; Follow-up practical; Part 2 X-Ray Generators - Chapter 2 Control of the X-Ray Tube Kilovoltage: Introduction; Voltage transformation; The high tension primary circuit; The need for rectification; Shortcomings of a pulsating X-ray supply; High tension cables; Kilovoltage compensation; Measuring kilovoltage; Follow-up practical; Chapter 3 Control of X-Ray Tube Current: Introduction; The need for accuracy; Tube filament circuitry; Falling load generators; Tube current measurement and display; Follow-up practical; Chapter 4 Exposure Timing and Switching: Introduction; Exposure switching; Exposure timing; Follow-up practical; Part 3 General, Multipurpose Radiographic Equipment - Chapter 5 Control of Scattered X-Radiation: Introduction; The effects of scattered radiation; Methods of scatter control; Follow-up practical; Chapter 6 Radiographic Couches, Stands and Tube Supports: X-ray tube supports; Radiographic couches; Chest stands and vertical buckys; Modern basic radiographic units; Follow-up practical; Part 4 Fluoroscopic Equipment - Chapter 7 Fluoroscopic Equipment: Introduction; Types of fluoroscopic equipment; Conventional fluoroscopic couches; Mobile and specialized fluoroscopic units; The image intensifier; Television cameras; The television monitor; Image recording; Summary of intensified fluoroscopy; Follow-up clinical; Part 5 Specialised Radiographic Equipment - Chapter 8 Mobile Radiographic Equipment: Introduction; Electrical energy sources; Mains-dependent mobile equipment; Coventional generators; Capacitor discharge equipment; Battery-powered generators; X-ray tubes; Physical features; Follow-up practical; Chapter 9 Accident and Emergency X-Ray Equipment: Introduction; Basic trolley design; Isocentric skull unit with variable height table; Trolley-based system; Trauma resuscitation room; Ancillary equipment; Follow-up practical; Chapter 10 Equipment for Dental Radiography: Intra-oral equipment; Cephalostat (craniostat); Orthopantomography; Follow-up practical; Chapter 11 Mammographic Equipment: Introduction; Mammographic X-ray tubes; Compression; Exposure timing; Breast support plate; Patient reassurance; Follow-up practical; Chapter 12 Equipment for Conventional Tomography: Introduction; Principle; Main features of tomographic equipment; Types of tomographic equipment; Equipment tests; Follow-up practical; Part 6 Computer-Based Imaging Modalities - Chapter 13 Image Digitization: Introduction; The difference between analogue and digital; The benefits of diagnostic image digitization; Follow-up practical; Chapter 14 Computed Tomography: Introduction; The principle of CT; Equipment for CT; The X-ray generator; The table; The operating/display console; The computer; Image quality; Use of CT equipment - the operator's judgement; Follow-up practical; Chapter 15 Radionuclide Imaging: Introduction; Types of radioactivity; Choice of radionuclide; Radiation dosimetry; Technetium; 99m; Equipment; The gamma camera; Follow-up clinical; Chapter 16 Equipment for Ultrasound Imaging: Introduction; Basic functions of ultrasound imaging equipment; The nature of ultrasound and its propagation in human tissue; Interactions of ultrasound energy and tissue; Core modules of ultrasound equipment; Modes of ultrasound imaging; Probes, transducers and ultrasound beam shapes; B-mode, real time, grey scale ultrasound imaging systems; Doppler ultrasound; Safety in ultrasound; Care of ultrasound equipment; Conclusion; Bibliography; Chapter 17 Magnetic Resonance Imaging: Introduction; NMR; The NMR signal; The MR image; MR scanners; Control of the imaging process; The MR system; Safety considerations; The NMR equation; Follow-up practical; Index

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Book SynopsisThis highly successful manual has served for nearly three decades as the definitive guide to the safe use of radioactive materials. Completely revised and updated, the fourth edition presents a new dimension by adding coverage of nonionizing radiation, and is thus concerned with the entire field of radiation protection.Trade ReviewJacob Shapiro's well-known and successful text has been completely revised and updated in this fourth edition, expanding on the principles and practices of radiation protection and using updated ICRP quantities and concepts...Coverage of the entire spectrum of radiation protection makes this volume an important training and reference manual for a wide range of disciplines using radiation in science, medicine, academia, industry, and government. A nice touch is the inclusion of web site addresses for government agencies and scientific committees. -- Rose Marie Pratt * Health Physics *The coverage is complete, the style simple, the order logical and the whole easy to read. * Nature *The book is very well written and organized into sections so that it may be used by students of various backgrounds and interests. * American Association of Physics in Medicine *It is without doubt the finest publication of its kind. The manual addresses the principles and practices of radiation protection for those nonspecialists whose work in research or the field of medicine requires the use of radiation sources. * American Journal of Roentgenology *Table of ContentsHistorical Prologue 1. In the Beginning 2. The Discovery of Invisible, Unbelievably Energetic Radiations 3. The Development of a Radiation Technology 4. The Need for Radiation Protection PART ONE: ENERGY--THE UNIFYING CONCEPT IN RADIATION PROTECTION 1. Radiation's Dual Identity 2. Energy Relationships in the Hydrogen Atom 3. Energy Levels in Atoms with Higher Z 4. Energy Levels in Molecules 5. Energies of Motion Associated with Temperature 6. Bonding Energies 7. Energy from Mass--The Ultimate Energy Source 8. Some Interesting Energy Values PART TWO: PRINCIPLES OF PROTECTION AGAINST IONIZING PARTICLES 1. The Approach 2. Energy and Injury 3. Charged and Uncharged Ionizing Particles 4. Energy Transfer by Charged Particles 5. The Stopping Power Equation 6. Beta Particles--A Major Class of Charged Ionizing Particles 6.1 Properties of Some Common Beta-Emitting Radionuclides 6.2 Protection from External Beta Particle Sources--Time, Distance, and Shielding 7. Characteristics of Uncharged Ionizing Particles 8. Gamma Rays--A Major Class of Uncharged Ionizing Particles 8.1 Energies and Penetration of Gamma Rays from Some Gamma-Emitting Radionuclides 8.2 Positron-Emitting Radionuclides and Annihilation Radiation 8.3 The Three Major Mechanisms Affecting the Penetration of Gamma Radiation 8.4 Attenuation Coefficients of Gamma Photons in Different Materials 8.5 Calculation of Attenuation of Gamma Photons by the Half-Value Layer Method 8.6 Protection from Gamma Sources--Time, Distance, Shielding 9. Heavy Charged Ionizing Particles 9.1 The Alpha Particle--A Heavy Particle with High Linear Energy Transfer and High Capacity for Producing Damage 9.2 The Proton--Another Heavy Charged Particle with High Linear Energy Transfer 10. The Neutron--A Second Important Uncharged Ionizing Particle 10.1 Sources of Neutrons 10.2 Neutron Collisions 10.3 Attenuation of Neutrons 11. The Absorbed Dose--A Measure of Energy Imparted to a Medium 11.1 The Pattern of the Imparted Energy in a Medium 11.2 Definition of Absorbed Dose 11.3 The Gray--The SI Unit for Absorbed Dose 12. The Equivalent Dose--A Common Scale for Doses to Organs and Tissues from Different Radiation Types and Energies 12.1 The Radiation Weighting Factor and the Quality Factor--Measures of the Relative Hazard of Energy Transfer by Different Particles 12.2 The Sievert--The Special Unit of Equivalent Dose 13. Tissue Weighting Factors and the Effective Dose--A Measure of Risk and Severity of Consequences 14. The Roentgen--The Traditional Unit for Expressing Radiation Exposure 15. The Significance of External Radiation Levels 16. Exposure from Internal Radiation Sources 16.1 The Activity--A Quantity for Describing the Amount of Radioactivity 16.2 The Unit of Activity--The Becquerel 16.3 The Accumulating Dose from Radioactivity in the Body and the Committed Dose 17. The Annual Limit on Intake--The Basic Quantity for the Control of Internal Exposures 18. Limit for the Concentration of a Radionuclide in Air--A Derived Limit 19. Levels of Radioactivity Inside the Body--A Useful Benchmark for Internal Exposure 20. Protection from Radioactive Contamination 21. Some Simple Calculations in Radiation Protection 21.1 Dose from Beta Particles 21.2 Exposure Rate and Dose Rate from Gamma Photons 21.3 Reduction of Dose Rate by Both Distance and Shielding 21.4 Correction for Radioactive Decay 21.5 Shielding of Large or Complex Sources 22. X Rays--Radiation Made by Machine 22.1 Production of X Rays 22.2 Diagnostic Radiology 22.3 X-Ray Attenuation in the Body 22.4 Effects of Photon Energy Distribution on Image Formation and Absorbed Dose 22.5 A Description of an X-Ray Machine 22.6 Production of a Photograph of the X-Ray Image 22.7 Fluoroscopy 22.8 Mammography 22.9 Computed Tomography: Taking Cross Sections with X Rays 22.10 Technical Approaches for Minimizing the Doses Required to Record an X Ray 22.11 Impact of the Digital Computer in Radiation Medicine 23. Dose Measurements in Diagnostic Radiology 24. Exposure Guides and Reference Levels in Diagnostic Radiology 25. Protection of the Patient in X-Ray Diagnosis 25.1 Principles 25.2 Policy of the International Commission on Radiological Protection 25.3 Studies in the United Kingdom 25.4 Radiography of the Spine in Scoliosis 25.5 Screening for Specific Diseases 26. Radiation Levels in the Working Areas around X-Ray Machines 26.1 Shielding the X-Ray Beam 27. Dose Reduction in Nuclear Medicine 28. Exposure of the Embryo, Fetus, or Nursing Child 29. Protection of the Patient in Radiation Therapy 29.1 Treatment with External Radiation Beams 29.2 Brachytherapy 29.3 Therapeutic Use of Radiopharmaceuticals 30. Misadministrations in the Medical Use of Radiation and Radioactive Material 31. Occupational Exposures Incurred in the Medical Use of Radiation 31.1 Studies of Occupational Exposures in the Conduct of Specific Procedures 32. Comments for Users of X-Ray Diffraction Machines 33. Particle Accelerators--The Universal Radiation Source 33.1 History of Particle Accelerators 33.2 Interactions of High-Energy Particles 33.3 Shielding High-Energy Particles 33.4 Particle Accelerators in Radiation Therapy 34. Regulation of Radiation Sources and Uses 34.1 Regulatory Measures for Medical Radiation Programs PART THREE: RADIATION DOSE CALCULATIONS 1. Dose from Beta-Emitting Radionuclides inside the Body 1.1 Calculating the Initial Dose Rate 1.2 Dose Calculations for a Decaying Radionuclide 1.3 Some Relationships Governing Radioactive Decay 1.4 Relationships Involving Both Radioactive Decay and Biological Elimination 1.5 Absorbed Beta Dose over a Period of Time 2. A Closer Look at the Dose from Beta Particles 2.1 Beta Particle Point Source Dose-Rate Functions 2.2 Evaluation of Beta Particle Dose from the Fluence and Stopping Power 3. Calculation of the Absorbed Dose from Gamma Emitters in the Body 3.1 Dose Rate from a Point Source of Photons--The Specific Dose-Rate Constant for Tissue 3.2 Evaluation of the Specific Dose-Rate Constant 3.3 Dose Rate from Distributed Gamma Sources 3.4 The Absorbed-Fraction Method--Dose within the Source Volume 3.5 Dose to Targets Outside the Source Volume by the Absorbed-Fraction Method 3.6 The Specific Absorbed Fraction--Sparing the Need to Divide by the Target Mass 3.7 Use of the Equilibrium Dose Constant--Computer-Generated Source Output Data 3.8 The S Factor--Doses from Cumulated Activity 4. Summary of Formulas 4.1 Radioactive Decay 4.2 Physical Decay and Biological Elimination 4.3 Dose from Nonpenetrating Radiation from Internal Emitters 4.4 Dose from Penetrating Radiation from Internal Emitters 4.5 Inverse Square Law 4.6 Dose Rates at a Distance from Gamma Sources 4.7 Attenuation of Radiation 4.8 Equivalent Dose 5. Dose Calculations for Specific Radionuclides 5.1 Hydrogen-3 5.2 Iodine-131 and Iodine-125 5.3 Strontium-90 / Yttrium-90 / Zirconium-90 5.4 Xenon-133 and Krypton-85 5.5 Uranium-238 and Its Decay Products 5.6 Radon-222 and Its Decay Products 5.7 Plutonium-239 and Plutonium-240 6. Dose Rates from Small, Highly Radioactive Particles 6.1 Evaluation of the Dose from Beta Particles 6.2 Biological Effects of Hot Particles 6.3 Risk of Cancer from Hot Particles 6.4 Highly Radioactive Particles in Fallout 6.5 Recommendations of the NCRP on Limits of Exposure to Hot Particles 6.6 NRC Enforcement Policy for Exposures to Hot Particles 7. The Radioactive Patient as a Source of Exposure 8. Radiation Doses in Nuclear Medicine 8.1 Dose to the Fetus from Uptake of Radionuclides from the Mother 9. Evaluation of Doses within the Body from X Rays 9.1 Patient Doses in Mammography 9.2 Evaluation of Doses in CT Examinations 10. Survey Results, Handbooks, and the Internet 10.1 Surveys of Doses in X-Ray Examinations 11. Producing an Optimum Radiation Field for Treating a Tumor PART FOUR: RADIATION MEASUREMENTS 1. Radiation Counting with a Geiger-Mueller Counter 1.1 A G-M Counter Described 1.2 Adjusting the High Voltage on a G-M Counter and Obtaining a Plateau 1.3 How a G-M Counter Can Lose Counts and Even Become Paralyzed 1.4 How to Distinguish between Beta and Gamma Radiation with a G-M Counter 1.5 How to Determine Source Strength of a Beta Emitter with a G-M Counter 1.6 Factors Affecting Efficiency of Detection of Beta Particles 1.7 Correcting for Attenuation of Beta Particles by Determining Absorption Curves 1.8 Counting Gamma Photons with a G-M Counter 1.9 Standardization of Radionuclides with G-M Counters 1.10 Interpreting Counts on a G-M Counter 2. Energy Measurements with a Scintillation Detector 2.1 Description of Scintillation Detectors and Photomultipliers 2.2 Pulse Counting with a Scintillation Counter and Scaler 2.3 Pulse-Height Distributions from Scintillation Detectors 2.4 Electronic Processing of Pulses Produced by Scintillation Detectors 3. Detectors for Special Counting Problems 3.1 Gas-Filled Proportional Counters 3.2 Semiconductor Detectors 4. Measuring Radiation Dose Rates 4.1 Measuring X and Gamma Dose Rates with Ionization-Type Survey Meters 4.2 Use of Scintillation Detectors to Measure Dose Rates 4.3 Use of G-M Counters to Monitor Dose Rates 4.4 Routine Performance Checks of Survey Meters 4.5 Calibration of Survey Meters 4.6 Beta Dose-Rate Measurements 4.7 Neutron Monitoring 5. Measuring Accumulated Doses over Extended Periods--Personnel and Environmental Monitoring 5.1 Use of Biodosimetry in Reconstructing Radiation Exposures 6. Specifying Statistical Variations in Counting Results 6.1 Nature of Counting Distributions 6.2 Sample Average and Confidence Limits 6.3 Standard Deviation 6.4 The Normal Error Curve--A Good Fit for Count Distributions 6.5 Precision of a Single Radiation Measurement 6.6 The Effect of Background on the Precision of Radiation Measurements 6.7 The Precision of the Ratio of Two Measurements 6.8 Testing the Distribution of a Series of Counts--The Chi-Square Test 6.9 Measurements at the Limits of Sensitivity of Detectors 7. Comments on Making Accurate Measurements PART FIVE: PRACTICAL ASPECTS OF THE USE OF RADIONUCLIDES 1. Obtaining Authorization to Use Radionuclides 1.1 Administration of Radioactive Material to Humans 1.2 Requirements for Obtaining Approval to Use New Radioactive Drugs 1.3 Protection of the Patient in Nuclear Medicine 2. Training Required for Working with Radionuclides 2.1 Implementation of a Training Program 2.2 Radiation Safety within a Comprehensive Institutional Program in Laboratory Safety 3. Responsibilities of Radionuclide Users 4. Standards for Protection against Radiation 5. Personnel Monitoring for External Radiation Exposure 5.1 Ambiguities in Using the Personnel Dosimeter Dose as a Surrogate for Personnel Dose 6. Monitoring Personnel Subject to Intakes of Radioactive Material 7. NRC and ICRP Values for Annual Limits on Intake and Airborne Radioactivity Concentration Limits 7.1 Air Monitoring for Environmental Radioactivity 8. Posting of Areas 9. Laboratory Facilities 10. Protective Clothing 11. Trays and Handling Tools 12. Special Handling Precautions for Radioiodine 12.1 Use of Potassium Iodide as a Thyroid-Blocking Agent 13. Hygiene 14. Trial Runs 15. Delivery of Radionuclides 16. Storage and Control of Radionuclides 17. Storage of Wastes 18. Waste Disposal 18.1 Disposal of Gases to the Atmosphere 18.2 Disposal of Liquids to Unrestricted Areas 18.3 Disposal of Liquid Wastes to Sanitary Sewerage Systems 18.4 Solid Wastes 18.5 Disposal on Site by Incineration and Other Methods 18.6 Government Regulation of the Disposal of Hazardous Wastes 18.7 Volume Reduction in Waste Disposal 18.8 The Designation of De Minimus Concentrations of Radioactivity 18.9 Natural Radioactivity as a Reference in the Control of Environmental Releases 19. Use of Radioactive Materials in Animals 20. Transportation of Radionuclides 20.1 Transportation within the Institution 20.2 Mailing through the U.S. Postal Service 20.3 Shipment of "Limited Quantities" 20.4 Shipment of "Low-Specific-Activity" Materials 20.5 Shipment of Type-A Packages 20.6 Shipping Papers and Shipper's Certification 21. Contamination Control 21.1 Monitoring for Contamination 21.2 Decontamination of Equipment and Buildings--Limits for Uncontrolled Release 22. Personnel Contamination and Decontamination 23. Leak Tests of Sealed Sources 24. Notification of Authorities in the Event of Radiation Incidents 25. Termination of Work with Radionuclides Appendix A: Emergency Instructions in the Event of Release of Radioactivity and Contamination of Personnel A.1 Objectives of Remedial Action A.2 Procedures for Dealing with Minor Spills and Contamination A.3 Personnel Decontamination A.4 Major Releases of Airborne Radioactivity as a Result of Explosions, Leakage of High-Level Sealed Gaseous and Powdered Sources Appendix B: The Regulatory Process B.1 Radiation Control at the Federal Level B.2 Radiation Control at the State Level B.3 Inspection and Enforcement Appendix C: Control of Airborne Releases to the Environment C.1 Dilution in the Atmosphere C.2 Filtration of Particles C.3 Adsorption of Gases and Vapors on Charcoal C.4 Adsorbers for Radioiodine PART SIX: IONIZING RADIATION AND PUBLIC HEALTH 1. Formulation of Standards for Radiation Protection 1.1 Standards for Protection of the Public against Radioactive Contamination 1.2 Standards for the Cleanup of Sites Contaminated with Radioactivity 1.3 Protective Actions for Exposures of the Public from Long-Term and Unattributable Sources 2. Medical Findings on Humans Exposed to Radiation 2.1 Sources of Human Exposure Data 2.2 Epidemiological Studies of Leukemia and Other Cancers 2.3 Risk of Cancer from Exposure to Radiation 2.4 Effects on the Developing Embryo 2.5 Genetic Risks 2.6 Basic Mechanisms in the Genesis of Cancer by Ionizing Radiation 3. Risks to Health from Exposure to Alpha Radiation 3.1 Evolution of Protection Standards for Radon Gas and Its Decay Products 3.2 Risk of Lung Cancer from Extended Exposure to Radon and Its Short-Lived Decay Products 3.3 Exposure of Bone to Alpha Radiation 4. Implications for Humans from Results of Animal Experiments 5. Sources Producing Population Exposure 5.1 Natural Sources of External Radiation 5.2 Natural Sources of Radioactivity within the Body 5.3 Population Exposure from Medical and Dental X Rays 5.4 Population Exposure (Internal) from Radiopharmaceuticals 5.5 Environmental Radiation Levels from Fallout from Past Weapons Tests 5.6 Potential External Exposure to the Population from Large-Scale Use of Nuclear Power 5.7 Population Exposure (Internal) from Environmental Pollutants 6. Population Exposure from Radiation Accidents 6.1 Windscale, England--The First Major Nuclear Reactor Accident Causes Significant Environmental Contamination 6.2 Palomares, Spain--Atomic Bombs Drop from the Sky, Igniting and Contaminating a Countryside 6.3 Thule, Greenland--A Bomber Crashes and Its Nuclear Weapons Ignite 6.4 Rocky Flats, Colorado--A Case History in Environmental Plutonium Contamination from an Industrial Plant 6.5 Gabon, Africa--Site of Nature's Own Nuclear Reactor 6.6 Three Mile Island, Pennsylvania--A Nation Confronts the Awesome Presence of the Atom 6.7 Chernobyl 6.8 Nuclear Power from the Perspective of the Three Mile Island and the Chernobyl Accidents 7. Nuclear Weapons--Ready for Armageddon PART SEVEN: EXPOSURE TO NONIONIZING ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION 1. Electromagnetic Fields--Quantities, Units, and Maxwell's Equations 1.1 The Electric Field 1.2 The Magnetic Field 1.3 Maxwell's Equation for Faraday's Law of Induction 1.4 Maxwell's Equation for Ampere's Law as Modified for the Displacement Current 1.5 The Interactions of Electric and Magnetic Fields in a Medium 2. Interaction of Fields from Electric Power Lines with the Body 3. The Physics of Radiating Electromagnetic Fields 3.1 The Derivation of Equations for Electromagnetic Waves from Maxwell's Equations 3.2 Electromagnetic Waves Generated by a Sinusoidal Oscillator 3.3 Relationships of Photons and Waves 4. Absorption of Electromagnetic Radiation in the Body 4.1 Penetration of EMF into the Body 4.2 Induced and Contact Currents 5. Specifying Dose to Tissue from Electromagnetic Fields 5.1 The Production of Heat as the Main Biological Effect 5.2 Resonance--A Special Concern in Exposure to Radiofrequency Radiation 5.3 The Specific Absorption Rate--The Basic Quantity for Assessment of Exposure to Radiofrequency Radiation 6. Devices That Produce Electromagnetic Fields 6.1 Antennas 6.2 Cellular Phone Networks 6.3 Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) 6.4 Video Display Terminals 7. Making Measurements of ELF and Radiofrequency Electromagnetic Fields 8. Standards for Protection against Electromagnetic Fields 8.1 Power Lines 8.2 Radiofrequency Standards 8.3 Telecommunications Standards 8.4 Microwave Ovens 8.5 Video Display Units 8.6 Static Magnetic and Electric Fields 8.7 Comparison of Basic Limits for Ionizing and Nonionizing Radiation 9. Medical Findings on Humans 9.1 Static Magnetic Fields 9.2 Extremely Low Frequencies, Including Power Lines 9.3 Radiofrequencies 10. Effects on Animals--Basic Research 11. Exposures from Environmental Fields 11.1 Broadcasting: The Dominant Source of RF Radiation in the Environment 11.2 Radar Installations for Civilian and Military Purposes 11.3 Transmitters for Cellular Phone Systems 11.4 Power lines 11.5 Home and Office 12. Effects of Electromagnetic Interference on Pacemakers 13. Exposures to Patients and Staff from Medical Devices 13.1 Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) 14. Occupational Exposure to Electromagnetic Radiation 15. Beyond Microwaves PART EIGHT: CURRENT ISSUES IN RADIATION PROTECTION: WHERE THE EXPERTS STAND 1. On Electromagnetic Fields 2. On Defining and Regulating the Hazards of Exposure to Ionizing Radiation 2.1 On the Validity of the Linear No-Threshold (LN-T) Theory 2.2 The Exemption from Regulatory Control of Radiation Levels Below Which Causation of Cancer Is Considered Insignificant 3. On Reducing Population Radiation Exposure from Medical and Dental X Rays 4. On the Safety of Nuclear Power 5. On the Hazards of Nuclear Weapons Tests and Underground Explosions 5.1 Hazards to the Public from Fallout from Atmospheric Testing of Nuclear Bombs 5.2 Safety of the Use of Nuclear Explosives Underground for Large-Scale Excavation or Development of Natural Resources 6. On the Consequences to Civilization of an All-Out Thermonuclear War 7. A Personal Statement Appendix I: Problems Appendix II: Data on Selected Radionuclides Appendix III: Some Constants and Conversion Factors Selected Bibliography References Index

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Book SynopsisPrecision medicine is rapidly becoming the standard-of-care for the treatment of cancer patients. Precision Medicine Oncology: A Primer is a concise review of the fundamental principles and applications of precision medicine, and intended for clinicians, particularly those working in the field of oncology.Table of ContentsPreface: Introduction to Precision Medicine Authors: Lorna Rodriguez-Rodriguez, MD, PhD, Kim M. Hirshfield, MD, PhD, Shridar Ganesan, MD, PhD Chapter I: Genomic Technology/Next-Generation Sequencing Authors: Hossein Khiabanian, PhD, Shridar Ganesan, MD, PhD, Kim M. Hirshfield, MD, PhD, Gregory Riedlinger, MD, PhD, Chapter II: The Precision Medicine Oncology Molecular Tumor Board: Interpreting and Applying Precision Medicine to Patient Care Authors: Shridar Ganesan, MD, PhD, Kim M. Hirshfield, MD, PhD, Gregory Riedlinger, MD, PhD, Lorna Rodriguez-Rodriguez, MD, PhD Chapter III: Clinical Research in Precision Medicine Oncology Authors: Kim M. Hirshfield, MD, PhD, Shridar Ganesan, MD, PhD Chapter IV: Infrastructures in Precision Medicine Oncology: Biobanks, Biomedical Informatics, and Big Data Authors: Shridar Ganesan, MD, PhD, Kim M. Hirshfield, MD, PhD Chapter V: Future Directions in Precision Medicine Oncology Authors: Shridar Ganesan, MD, PhD, Kim M. Hirshfield, MD, PhD, Lorna Rodriguez-Rodriguez, MD, PhD

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Book SynopsisProvides readers with an overview of the new developments of precision medicine in radiation oncology, further advancing the integration of new research findings into individualized radiation therapy and its clinical applications.Table of ContentsContributors Precision Radiation Oncology: An Introduction by Sharad Goyal, Sachin Jhawar, and Bruce G. Haffty 1. Combining Cytotoxic Chemotherapy and Radiation Therapy by Vivek Verma and Charles B. Simone II 2. Molecular Targeted Therapy and Radiation by Stephen A. Rosenberg, Zachary S. Morris, and Randall J. Kimple 3. Current State of the Art in Intracranial Stereotactic Radiosurgery Technology: Accuracy, Precision, and Clinical Impact by George Farha, David Schlesinger, Arman Sarfehina, Argun Sahgal, and Mark Ruschin 4. Spine Radiosurgery in the Management of Spine Metastasis by Neil K. Taunk and Sharad Goyal 5. Body Radiosurgery by Jordan A. Torok, Manisha Palta, and Joseph K. Salama 6. Brachytherapy by Dodul Mondal, Omar Mahmoud, and Atif J. Khan 7. Proton Beam Therapy by Ryan Rhome and Rahul R. Parikh 8. Intraoperative Radiation Therapy by Daniel J. Tandberg, Christopher G. Willett, Manisha Palta, and Brian G. Czito 9. Nanomedicines: Diagnostic and Therapeutic Applications in Radiation Oncology by Joseph M. Caster, Tian Zhang, Artish N. Patel, Nichole J. Newman, and Andrew Z. Wang 10. Radiolabeled Spheres by John Byun, John L. Nosher, and Salma K. Jabbour 11. Radiogenomics: Advancing Precision Radiation Oncology Through Development of a Genomic-Based Predictive Instrument by Barry S. Rosenstein 12. Combined Effects of Immunotherapy and Radiation Therapy by Sachin Jhawar and Ann W. Silk 13. Radiomics by Ke Nie and Min-Ying Lydia Su 14. Big Data and Radiation Oncology by Sanjay Aneja and James B. Yu Index

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Book SynopsisDesigned for busy medical students, The Radiology Handbook is a quick and easy reference for any practitioner who needs information on ordering or interpreting images.The book is divided into three parts:- Part I presents a table, organized from head to toe, with recommended imaging tests for common clinical conditions.-

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Book SynopsisThe first book-length treatment of this absolutely essential topic, Health Care Reform in Radiology provides a cogent, concise discussion of major issues related to health care reform from the perspective of fellow imaging specialists.Table of ContentsContributors vii Preface viii 1 Health Care Reform: The Scope of the Problem 1Richard C. Semelka, Diane Armao, and Jorge Elias Jr 2 Only Studies Which are Necessary 6Diane Armao, Jorge Elias Jr, and Richard C. Semelka 3 Radiation Dose Reduction 22Jorge Elias Jr and Richard C. Semelka 4 Alternate Imaging Studies To CT 36Jorge Elias Jr, Lauren M. B. Burke, and Richard C. Semelka 5 Patient Information 64Jorge Elias Jr and Richard C. Semelka 6 Are we Doing the Right Study? 86Diane Armao, Jorge Elias Jr, and Richard C. Semelka 7 Radiology Medical Education 115Jorge Elias Jr and Richard C. Semelka 8 Quality Metrics for Radiology Practice 123Richard C. Semelka and Jorge Elias Jr 9 Medicolegal Reform 140Jorge Elias Jr and Richard C. Semelka 10 Pressures on Reduced Compensation For Clinical Service 151Jorge Elias Jr and Richard C. Semelka 11 National Health Care Systems 159Jorge Elias Jr, Lauren M. B. Burke, and Richard C. Semelka 12 Research In Radiology 170Richard C. Semelka, Michael Brand, Michael Uder, Michael A. Kuefner, John Stonestreet and Jorge Elias Jr Subject index 195 Color Plate Section can be Found Facing Page 184

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Book SynopsisTable of ContentsForeword 1 xxix Foreword 2 xxxi Foreword 3 xxxiii Preface to the Third Edition xxxv Preface to the Second Edition xxxix Acknowledgments xliii H.K. Huang Short Biography xlv List of Acronyms xlvii Part 1 The Beginning: Retrospective 1 1 Medical Imaging, PACS and Imaging Informatics: Retrospective 3 PART I TECHNOLOGY DEVELOPMENT AND PIONEERS 4 1.1 Medical Imaging 4 1.2 PACS and its Development 8 1.3 Key Technologies: Computer and Software, Storage, and Communication Networks 15 1.4 Key Technologies: Medical Imaging Related 17 PART II COLLABORATIONS AND SUPPORTS 22 1.5 Collaboration with Government Agencies, Industry and Medical Imaging Associations 22 1.6 Medical Imaging Informatics 29 1.7 Summary 32 1.8 Acknowledgments 34 References 35 Part 2 Medical Imaging, Industrial Guidelines, Standards, and Compliance 37 2 Digital Medical Imaging 39 2.1 Digital Medical Imaging Fundamentals 39 2.2 Two-Dimensional Medical Imaging 46 2.3 Three-Dimensional Medical Imaging 55 2.4 Four-Dimensional, Multimodality, and Fusion Imaging 78 2.5 Image Compression 85 Further Reading 93 3 PACS Fundamentals 97 3.1 PACS Components and Network 97 3.2 PACS Infrastructure Design Concept 101 3.3 Generic PACS-Based Multimedia Architecture and Workflow 103 3.4 PACS-Based Architectures 105 3.5 Communication and Networks 110 Further Reading 121 4 Industrial Standards: Health Level 7 (HL7), Digital Imaging and Communications in Medicine (DICOM) and Integrating the Healthcare Enterprise (IHE) 123 4.1 Industrial Standards 124 4.2 The Health Level 7 (HL7) Standard 124 4.3 From ACR-NEMA to DICOM 127 4.4 DICOM 3.0 Standard 129 4.5 Examples of Using DICOM 136 4.6 DICOM Organizational Structure and New Features 138 4.7 IHE (Integrating the Healthcare Enterprise) 142 4.8 Some Operating Systems and Programming Languages useful to HL7, DICOM and IHE 151 4.9 Summary of Industrial Standards: HL7, DICOM and IHE 153 References 153 Further Reading 154 5 DICOM-Compliant Image Acquisition Gateway and Integration of HIS, RIS, PACS and ePR 155 5.1 DICOM Acquisition Gateway 156 5.2 DICOM-Compliant Image Acquisition Gateway 157 5.3 Automatic Image Data Recovery Scheme for DICOM Conformance Device 162 5.4 Interface PACS Modalities with the Gateway Computer 164 5.5 DICOM Compliance PACS Broker 166 5.6 Image Preprocessing and Display 167 5.7 Clinical Operation and Reliability of the Gateway 168 5.8 Hospital Information System (HIS), Radiology Information System (RIS), and PACS 169 References 178 6 Web-Based Data Management and Image Distribution 179 6.1 Distributed Image File Server: PACS-Based Data Management 179 6.2 Distributed Image File Server 179 6.3 Web Server 181 6.4 Component-based Web Server for Image Distribution and Display 183 6.5 Performance Evaluation 188 6.6 Summary of PACS Data Management and Web]based Image Distribution 189 Further Reading 189 7 Medical Image Sharing for Collaborative Healthcare Based on IHE XDS-I Profile 191 7.1 Introduction 192 7.2 Brief Description of IHE XDS/XDS-I Profiles 193 7.3 Pilot Studies of Medical Image Sharing and Exchanging for a Variety of Healthcare Services 194 7.4 Results 206 7.5 Discussion 209 Acknowledgements 212 References 212 Part 3 Informatics, Data Grid, Workstation, Radiotherapy, Simulators, Molecular Imaging, Archive Server, and Cloud Computing 215 8 Data Grid for PACS and Medical Imaging Informatics 217 8.1 Distributed Computing 217 8.2 Grid Computing 219 8.3 Data Grid 222 8.4 Fault-Tolerant Data Grid for PACS Archive and Backup, Query/Retrieval, and Disaster Recovery 226 References 230 Further Reading 230 9 Data Grid for Clinical Applications 233 9.1 Clinical Trials and the Data Grid 233 9.2 Dedicated Breast MRI Enterprise Data Grid 239 9.3 Administrating the Data Grid 247 9.4 Summary 250 References 251 Further Reading 251 10 Display Workstations 253 10.1 PACS-Based Display Workstation 254 10.2 Various Types of Image Workstation 260 10.3 Image Display and Measurement Functions 263 10.4 Workstation Graphic User Interface (GUI) and Basic Display Functions 267 10.5 DICOM PC-Based Display Workstation Software 269 10.6 Post-Processing Workflow, PACS-Based Multidimensional Display, and Specialized Post-Processing Workstation 276 10.7 DICOM-Based Workstations in Progress 277 References 289 11 Multimedia Electronic Patient Record (EPR) System in Radiotherapy (RT) 291 11.1 Multimodality 2-D and 3-D Imaging in Radiotherapy 292 11.2 Multimedia ePR System in Radiation Treatment 298 11.3 Radiotherapy Planning and Treatment 301 11.4 Radiotherapy Workflow 302 11.5 The ePR Data Model and DICOM-RT Objects 303 11.6 Infrastructure, Workflow and Components of the Multimedia ePR in RT 306 11.7 Database Schema 309 11.8 Graphical User Interface Design 311 11.9 Validation of the Concept of Multimedia ePR System in RT 312 11.10 Advantages of the Multimedia ePR system in RT for Daily Clinical Practice 319 11.11 Use of the Multimedia ePR System in RT For Image-Assisted Knowledge Discovery and Decision Making 320 11.12 Summary 321 Acknowledgement 321 References 321 12 PACS-Based Imaging Informatics Simulators 325 12.1 Why Imaging Informatics Simulators? 326 12.2 PACS–ePR Simulator 328 12.3 Data Grid Simulator 329 12.4 CAD–PACS Simulator 331 12.5 Radiotherapy (RT) ePR Simulator 335 12.6 Image]assisted Surgery (IAS) ePR Simulator 338 12.7 Summary 344 Acknowledgements 344 References 344 13 Molecular Imaging Data Grid (MIDG) 347 13.1 Introduction 348 13.2 Molecular Imaging 348 13.3 Methodology 351 13.4 Results 358 13.5 Discussion 360 13.6 Summary 361 Acknowledgements 361 References 362 14 A DICOM-Based Second-Generation Molecular Imaging Data Grid (MIDG) with the IHE XDS-i Integration Profile 365 14.1 Introduction 366 14.2 Methodology 369 14.3 System Implementation 371 14.4 Data Collection and Normalization 375 14.5 System Performance 378 14.6 Data Transmission, MIDG Implementation, Workflow and System Potential 380 14.7 Summary 383 Acknowledgements 386 References 386 15 PACS-Based Archive Server and Cloud Computing 389 15.1 PACS-Based Multimedia Biomedical Imaging Informatics 390 15.2 PACS-Based Server and Archive 390 15.3 PACS-Based Archive Server System Operations 396 15.4 DICOM-Compliant PACS-Based Archive Server 397 15.5 DICOM PACS-Based Archive Server Hardware and Software 399 15.6 Backup Archive Server and Data Grid 400 15.7 Cloud Computing and Archive Server 403 Acknowledgements 414 References 414 Part 4 Multimedia Imaging Informatics, Computer-Aided Diagnosis (CAD), Image-Guide Decision Support, Proton Therapy, Minimally Invasive Multimedia Image-Assisted Surgery, Big Data 417 Prologue – Chapters 16, 17 and 18 417 16 DICOM-Based Medical Imaging Informatics and CAD 419 16.1 Computer]Aided Diagnosis (CAD) 420 16.2 Integration of CAD with PACS-Based Multimedia Informatics 425 16.3 The CAD–PACS Integration Toolkit 429 16.4 Data Flow of the three CAD–PACS Editions Integration Toolkit 432 References 433 Further Reading 434 17 DICOM-Based CAD: Acute Intracranial Hemorrhage and Multiple Sclerosis 435 17.1 Computer]Aided Detection (CAD) of Small Acute Intracranial Hemorrhage on CT of the brain 435 17.2 Development of the CAD Algorithm for AIH on CT 436 17.3 CAD-PACS Integration 452 17.4 Multiple Sclerosis (MS) on MRI 456 References 461 Further Reading 461 18 PACS-Based CAD: Digital Hand Atlas and Bone Age Assessment of children 463 18.1 Average Bone Age of a Child 464 18.2 Bone Age Assessment of Children 466 18.3 Method of Analysis 473 18.4 Integration of CAD with PACS-Based Multimedia Informatics for Bone Age Assessment of Children: The CAD System 479 18.5 Validation of the CAD and the Comparison of CAD Result with Radiologists’ Assessment 483 18.6 Clinical Evaluation of the CAD System for Bone Age Assessment (BAA) 489 18.7 Integrating CAD for Bone Age Assessment with Other Informatics Systems 493 18.8 Research and Development Trends in CAD–PACS Integration 497 Acknowledgements 499 References 499 Further Reading 500 19 Intelligent ePR System for Evidence-Based Research in Radiotherapy 503 19.1 Introduction 503 19.2 Proton Therapy Clinical Workflow and Data 506 19.3 Proton Therapy ePR System 508 19.4 System Implementation 511 19.5 Results 512 19.6 Conclusion and Discussion 520 Acknowledgements 522 References 522 20 Multimedia Electronic Patient Record System for Minimally Invasive Image]Assisted Spinal Surgery 525 20.1 Integration of Medical Diagnosis with Image]Assisted Surgery Treatment 526 20.2 Minimally Invasive Spinal Surgery Workflow 535 20.3 Multimedia ePR System for Image]Assisted MISS Workflow and Data Model 536 20.4 ePR MISS System Architecture 538 20.5 Pre-Op Authoring Module 543 20.6 Intra-Op Module 547 20.7 Post-Op Module 553 20.8 System Deployment, User Training and Support 554 20.9 Summary 557 References 557 21 From Minimally Invasive Spinal Surgery to Integrated Image-Assisted Surgery in Translational Medicine 559 21.1 Introduction 560 21.2 Integrated Image-Assisted Minimally Invasive Spinal Surgery 561 21.3 IIA-MISS EMR System Evaluation 565 21.4 To Fulfill some Translational Medicine Aims 569 21.5 Summary 571 21.6 Contribution from Colleagues 572 Acknowledgement 572 References 572 22 Big Data in PACS-Based Multimedia Medical Imaging Informatics 575 22.1 Big Data in PACS-Based Multimedia Medical Imaging Informatics 575 22.2 Characters and Challenges of Medical Image Big Data 577 22.3 Possible and Potential Solutions of Big Data in DICOM PACS-Based Medical Imaging and Informatics 581 22.4 Research Projects Related to Medical Imaging Big Data 586 22.5 Summary of Big Data 587 Acknowledgements 588 References 588 Index 591

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Book SynopsisFundamentals of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology provides a concise overview of the principles of dental radiology, emphasizing their application to clinical practice.Table of ContentsAcknowledgments ix About the Companion Website x Part One: Fundamentals 1 A. Introduction 3 What is dental radiology? 3 What are x rays? 3 What’s the big deal about x‐ray images? 5 B. History 6 Discovery of x rays 6 Who took the world’s first “dental” radiograph? 8 Dr. C. E. Kells, Jr., a New Orleans dentist and the early days of dental radiography 8 C. Generation of X Rays 11 D. Exposure Controls 13 Voltage (V) 13 Amperage (A) 13 Exposure timer 14 E. Radiation Dosimetry 15 Exposure 15 Absorbed dose 15 Equivalent dose 15 Effective dose 16 F. Radiation Biology 17 What happens to the dental x‐ray photons that are directed at a patient? 18 Determinants of biologic damage from x‐radiation exposure 19 G. Radiation Protection 22 1. Radiation protection: Patient 22 Protective apron 23 Collimation 24 Filtration 25 Digital versus analog 26 Exposure settings 26 Operator technique 26 2. Radiation protection: Office personnel 27 How much occupational radiation exposure is permitted? 29 H. Patient Selection Criteria 30 I. Film versus Digital Imaging 32 Film 32 Digital imaging 33 Imaging software 36 J. What do Dental X‐ray Images Reveal? 38 Alterations to the dentition 38 Periodontal disease 39 Growth and development 39 Alterations to periapical tissues 40 Osseous pathology 40 Temporomandibular joint disorder 40 Implant assessment (pre‐ and post‐placement) 40 Identification of a foreign body 40 K. Intraoral Imaging Techniques 41 1. Paralleling technique 42 Maxillary incisors paralleling projection 45 Maxillary cuspid paralleling projection 45 Maxillary bicuspid paralleling projection 46 Maxillary molar paralleling projection 46 Mandibular incisor paralleling projection 47 Mandibular cuspid paralleling projection 48 Mandibular bicuspid paralleling projection 48 Mandibular molar paralleling projection 49 2. Bisecting angle technique 50 Maxillary incisor bisecting angle projection 51 Maxillary cuspid bisecting angle projection 51 Maxillary bicuspid bisecting angle projection 52 Maxillary molar bisecting angle projection 52 Mandibular incisor bisecting angle projection 53 Mandibular cuspid bisecting angle projection 53 Mandibular bicuspid bisecting angle projection 54 Mandibular molar bisecting angle projection 54 3. Bitewing technique 55 Bicuspid bitewing 56 Molar bitewing 56 Anterior bitewing projection 56 4. Distal oblique technique 57 5. Occlusal imaging technique 58 Maxillary occlusal projection 59 Mandibular occlusal projection 60 L. Intraoral Technique Errors 61 Cone‐cut 61 Apex missing 62 Elongation 63 Foreshortening 63 Overlapped contacts 64 Missing contacts 64 Overexposure and underexposure 65 Motion artifact 66 Foreign object 66 M. Extraoral Imaging Techniques 68 1. Panoramic imaging 68 Positioning the patient 69 Exposure settings 71 Advantages and disadvantages 71 Technique errors 74 Anatomic landmarks 84 2. Lateral cephalograph imaging 85 3. Cone beam computed tomography 86 Introduction 86 Anatomic landmarks 89 N. Quality Assurance 96 O. Infection Control 97 Excerpt from “CDC Guidelines for Infection Control in Dental Health‐Care Settings” 97 General instructions for cleaning and disinfecting a solid‐state receptor (courtesy of Sirona™) 98 P. Occupational Radiation Exposure Monitoring 100 Q. Hand‐held X‐ray Systems 102 Dental radiographic examinations: recommendations for patient selection and limiting radiation exposure 102 Commentary 102 Part Two: Interpretation 105 R. Localization of Objects (SLOB Rule) 107 S. Recommendations for Interpreting Images 111 T. X‐ray Puzzles: Spot the Differences 113 U. Radiographic Anatomy 124 1. Dental anatomy 124 2. Anatomic landmarks of the maxillary region 126 Radiopaque landmarks 126 Radiolucent landmarks 129 3. Anatomic landmarks of the mandibular region 133 Radiopaque landmarks 133 Radiolucent landmarks 136 V. Dental Caries 141 Limitations to visualizing caries on x‐ray images 141 Classification of caries 143 W. Dental Anomalies 149 Number 149 Size 149 Shape 151 Developmental factors 157 Environmental factors 161 X. Osseous Pathology (Alphabetic) 170 Y. Lagniappe (Miscellaneous Oddities) 188 Part Three: Appendices 195 Appendix 1: FDA Recommendations for Prescribing Dental X‐ray Images 197 Appendix 2: X‐radiation Concerns of Patients: Question and Answer Format 200 1. How often should I get x rays taken? 200 2. How much radiation am I receiving from dental x rays? 200 3. Can I get cancer from dental x rays? 201 4. Why do I need to wear a protective apron for dental x rays and why does the assistant leave the room before taking my x rays, if dental x rays are so safe? 201 5. Your protective apron does not have a thyroid collar, why not? 201 6. I am pregnant, should I get dental x rays taken? 201 7. When should my child first get dental x rays taken? 201 8. Will I glow in the dark after all of the x rays that I received at the dental office? 202 9. What are 3‐D x rays? 202 10. Why does the dentist require additional 3‐D x rays before placing my dental implant? 202 Appendix 3: Helpful Tips for Difficult Patients 203 1. Hypersensitive gag reflex 203 2. Small mouth/shallow palate/ constricted arch/torus 204 3. Large frenulum 205 4. Trismus 205 5. Cuspid superimposition 205 6. Rubber dam 206 7. Third molar imaging 206 Appendix 4: Deficiencies of X‐ray Imaging Terminology 207 Survey results 207 Appendix 5: Tools for Differential Diagnosis 210 1. Number 210 2. Location 210 3. Density 211 4. Shape 211 5. Size 211 6. Borders 212 7. Changes to surrounding anatomic structures 212 Appendix 6: Table of Radiation Units 213 Appendix 7: Table of Anatomic Landmarks 214 Tooth 214 Tooth‐related structures 214 Landmarks associated with the maxilla 214 Landmarks associated with the mandible 214 Appendix 8: Table of Dental Anomalies 216 Number 216 Size 216 Shape 216 Developmental defects 216 Environmental effects 216 Appendix 9: Table of Osseous Pathology 217 Radiolucent anomalies in the maxilla and mandible 217 Radiopaque anomalies in the maxilla and mandible 217 Mixed (radiolucent–radiopaque) anomalies in the maxilla and mandible 218 Appendix 10: Common Abbreviations and Acronyms 219 Appendix 11: Glossary of Terms 221 Suggested Reading 238 Index 251

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Book SynopsisRadiation protection is a core element of radiologic technology programmes and daily practice alike.Rad Tech''s Guide to Radiation Protectionis a comprehensive yet compact guide designed to illuminate the extensive field of radiation protection for technologists, trainees, and radiology students. Organised into ten digestible chapters, the second edition of this popular book provides new discussions of dose factors in computed tomography, the debate concerning the use of the LNT model, Diagnostic Reference Levels (DRLs), dose optimization, and more. Written by a recognised expert in medical radiation sciences, this valuable guide: Helps students and technologists acquire the skills required to protect patients, personnel, and members of the public in the radiology department Reflects the most current standards for radiation protection, with references to relevant organisations and resources Covers basic radiobiology, sources of radiation Table of ContentsPreface to the Second Edition xi Acknowledgments xiii 1 Nature and Scope of Radiation Protection 1 What is Radiation Protection? 2 Scope of Radiation Protection 2 Diagnostic Radiology Modalities 3 Why Protect Patients and Personnel in Diagnostic Radiology? 3 Framework for Radiation Protection 4 Basic Schemes for Patient Exposure in Digital Radiography, Fluoroscopy, and Computed Tomography 6 Factors Affecting Dose in Diagnostic Radiology 8 Dose Management Techniques 10 Pregnancy: Radiation Protection Considerations 11 2 Diagnostic X-Rays: Essential Physical Factors 13 X-Ray Production 14 Mechanisms for Creating X-Rays 14 X-Ray Spectrum 16 X-Ray Attenuation 20 X-Ray Interactions 23 Increasing kV and Scatter Production 26 3 Radiation Quantities and Units 27 Sources of Radiation Exposure 29 Types of Exposure 30 Quantities and Units for Quantifying Ionizing Radiation 31 Quantities and Units for Quantifying Biologic Risks 33 Radiation Measurement 36 Wearing a Personnel Dosimeter 38 4 Basic Radiobiology 39 What is Radiobiology? 41 Essential Physics and Chemistry 41 Fundamental Concepts of Radiobiology 44 Deterministic Effects (Early Effects of Radiation) 49 Stochastic Effects (Late Effects of Radiation) 51 Radiation Exposure During Pregnancy 54 5 Current Standards for Radiation Protection 55 Radiation Protection Organizations 56 Objectives of Radiation Protection 57 Radiation Protection Criteria and Standards 58 Recommended Dose Limits 60 Diagnostic Reference Levels: A Useful Tool for Optimization of Protection 62 6 Dose Factors in Digital Radiography 65 Digital Radiography: Essential Considerations 66 The Standardized Exposure Indicator: Basics 68 Factors Affecting Dose in Digital Radiography 70 7 Dose Factors in Fluoroscopy 77 Major Components of Fluoroscopic Imaging Systems 78 Factors Affecting Dose in Fluoroscopy 82 Scattered Radiation in Fluoroscopy 87 8 Factors Affecting Dose in Computed Tomography 89 Computed Tomography: A Definition 90 Nobel Prize for CT Pioneers 91 CT Principles: the Basics 91 Multislice CT Technology: The Pitch 93 Dose Distribution in CT 93 CT Dose Metrics 94 Factors Affecting the Dose in CT 96 Dose Optimization in CT 99 9 Dose Management Regulations and Optimization 101 Federal Regulations for Dose Management 103 Equipment Specifications for Radiography 104 Equipment Specifications for Fluoroscopy 106 Procedures for Minimizing Dose to Patients and Personnel 109 Shielding: Design of Protective Barriers 112 Quality Assurance: Dose Management and Optimization 114 10 Pregnancy: Essential Radiation Protection Considerations 117 Rationale for Radiation Protection in Pregnancy 118 Factors Affecting Dose to the Conceptus 119 Estimating the Dose to the Conceptus 120 Continuing/Terminating a Pregnancy After Exposure 120 Dose Reduction Techniques for Pregnant Patients 121 The Pregnant Worker 121 References 125 Index 129

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Book SynopsisCOMPUTED TOMOGRAPHY: PHYSICS AND TECHNOLOGY In the newly updated second edition of Computed Tomography: Physics and Technology A Self Assessment Guide, distinguished computed tomography (CT) educator Euclid Seeram delivers a completely revised and expanded collection of multiple-choice questions covering all relevant technological advances, including the use of artificial intelligence, in the field of CT. In the book, readers will find a focused emphasis on physics and technology an area where students of this discipline have traditionally struggled. The questions are presented in a format similar to those found on the certification examinations of the American Registry of Radiologic Technologists (ARRT), the Canadian Association of Medical Radiation Technologists (CAMRT), and other professional medical imaging organizations around the world. The author has also included true-false questions, short answer questions, and relevant learning outcomes to aid students inTable of ContentsPreface Acknowledgements Chapter 1: Computed Tomography (CT): Pioneering Work and Technical Overview Chapter 2: Data Acquisition Principles Chapter 3: X-Ray Tubes and Generator Technologies Chapter 4: Radiation Attenuation in CT: Essential Physics Chapter 5: CT Detector Technology - Fundamentals Chapter 6: Image Reconstruction in CT: Basic Principles Chapter 7: CT Image Display, Storage, Communications, and Image Postprocessing Chapter 8: Multi-Slice CT: Fundamental Principles Chapter 9: Image Quality in CT Chapter 10: Dose Optimization in CT Chapter 11: CT Quality Control for Technologists/Radiographers Chapter 12: Practice CT Examination: Physics and Technology References Appendix A: Answers to CT Practice Examination: Physics and Technology Index

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Book SynopsisFrom choosing the relevant investigation through to interpretation and its effects on patient management, Radiology: Clinical Cases Uncovered provides an overview of the modern imaging department, including radiation and safety considerations, putting radiology in its clinical context. The cases, covering a broad spectrum of disease processes in all body systems,are illustrated with over 250 high-quality images, while the extensive self-assessment section and accompanying explanatory notes consolidates learning and provides invaluable examination practice. Radiology: Clinical Cases Uncovered is perfect for medical students, Foundation doctors and radiographers.Trade Review"The book provides an overview of a modern imaging department and will prove useful for reviewing commonly encountered conditions and their radiological appearances." (Journal of Tropical Pediatrics, January 2010)Table of ContentsPreface. Acknowledgements. How to use this book. List of abbreviations. Part 1: Basic science. Introduction to clinical radiology. Radiation exposure in diagnostic radiology. Approach to interpreting a radiological image. Part 2: Cases. Case 1 A 58-year-old man with hemiplegia. Case 2 A 65-year-old woman with visual disturbance, headache, and vomiting. Case 3 A 26-year-old woman with numb hands and feet. Case 4 A 45-year-old woman with weight loss. Case 5 A 47-year-old woman with severe back pain. Case 6 An 11-month-old boy presents with abdominal pain. Case 7 A 10-year-old boy with a painful arm. Case 8 A 48-year-old woman with a breast lump. Case 9 A 70-year-old man with haemoptysis. Case 10 A 31-year-old woman with shortness of breath. Case 11 A 30-year-old man with night sweats. Case 12 A 27-year-old woman involved in a road traffic accident. Case 13 A 30-year-old man with painful swollen fingers. Case 14 A 42-year-old woman with abdominal pain. Case 15 A 57-year-old man with jaundice. Case 16 A 23-year-old woman presents with diarrhoea. Case 17 A 67-year-old man with rectal bleeding. Case 18 A 60-year-old woman presents with abdominal pain. Case 19 A 34-year-old man with microscopic haematuria. Case 20 A 53-year-old man with frank haematuria. Case 21 A 69-year-old woman presents with post-menopausal bleeding. Case 22 A 30-year-old woman presents with right iliac fossa pain. Case 23 A 75-year-old man presents with back pain. Case 24 A 30-year-old man with headache. Case 25 A 50-year-old woman with a cough. Part 3: Self-assessment. MCQs. EMQs. SAQs. Answers. Index of cases by diagnosis. Index.

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Book Synopsis125 cases addressing "real-life" clinical problems Complete with the insights of leading pediatric radiologists, Teaching Atlas of Pediatric Imaging provides 125 cases that address the challenging "real-life" clinical problems that you are likely to encounter. Each chapter presents a different case with a complete patient work-up that includes clinical presentation, diagnosis, differential diagnoses, radiological and clinical findings, treatment summary and suggested readings. With a view to providing the opportunity for self-assessment, the authors omit the diagnosis from the first pages of each case to enable self-testing and review. Highlights: Easy-to-access arrangement of cases based on anatomy: head and neck, chest, heart, abdomen, pelvis, and the musculoskeletal system Coverage of a wide spectrum of diseases, from the very common to more important uncommon entities, including congenital heart disease, bone dysplasias and more Differential diagnoses for each case, as well as information on etiology, pathology, treatment, and complications "Pearls" and "Pitfalls" that help you identify important points and avoid errors in image interpretation Here is a valuable resource for the clinician at every level, from the resident preparing for the radiology board examinations, to the practitioner seeking the Certificate of Added Qualification in Pediatric Radiology, to the general radiologist or pediatrician seeking a practical reference text.Trade ReviewA very useful book to pediatricians in training and practice.--Pediatric Endocrinology Reviews "Very useful to medical imaging facilities...[T]his resource can be employed to enhance ones knowledge of paediatric pathology possibilities and the important areas to consider when undertaking this task. It is well worth considering." -- The Radiographer

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Book SynopsisExpert guidance on managing interventional radiology in trauma Interventional Radiology in Trauma Management brings together the insights and expertise of Dr. Tisnado, an interventional radiologist, and Dr. Ivatury, a trauma surgeon, to guide surgeons on how to effectively integrate both specialties into their management of trauma patients. This reference book provides comprehensive coverage of the increasingly important role of interventional radiology in the care of trauma patients and will be an essential text for interventional radiologists and surgeons specializing in trauma and critical care. Key Features: Emphasizes the importance of a team approach to the care of trauma patients undergoing interventional procedures Includes chapters on imaging of thoracic, abdominal, and peripheral vascular trauma, complemented by over 600 high-quality images Describes a wide range of interventional procedures and techniques such as embolotherapy, stenting, and balloon occlusion, in detail This book will be an indispensable resource for radiologists, trauma surgeons, emergency medicine physicians, and all others involved in the care of trauma patients.Table of Contents1 Historical Aspects of Interventional Radiology 2 Mechanism of Injury in Trauma 3 Resuscitation of the Traumatized Patient 4 Imaging of Thoracic Trauma 5 Imaging of Abdominal Trauma 6 Imaging of Peripheral Vascular Trauma 7 The Role of Nuclear Medicine Imaging in Trauma 8 The Role of the Interventional Radiology Technologist 9 Interventional Radiology Techniques 10 Interventional Radiology in Neck Trauma 11 Interventional Radiology in Head Trauma 12 Interventional Radiology in Cardiac Trauma 13 Interventional Radiology in Thoracic Vascular Trauma 14 Interventional Radiology in Abdominal Trauma: Surgery versus Interventional Radiology 15 Interventional Radiology in Abdominal Trauma: Spleen 16 Interventional Radiology in Abdominal Trauma: Liver 17 Interventional Radiology in Abdominal Trauma: Vessels 18 Interventional Radiology in Pelvic Trauma 19 Interventional Radiology in Obstetric and Gynecologic Trauma 20 Interventional Radiology in Genitourinary Trauma 21 Interventional Radiology in Extremity Vascular Trauma 22 Interventional Radiology in Pediatric Trauma 23 Interventional Radiology in Thromboembolic Disease in Trauma 24 Interventional Radiologic Management of Retrievable Vena Cava Filters 25 Interventional Radiology in Iatrogenic Trauma 26 Endovascular Techniques and the Hybrid Operating Room 27 The Future of Interventional Radiology in Trauma

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Book SynopsisAll the key Radiology cases for your rounds, rotations, and exams Ultrasound Imaging refines your ultrasound diagnostic skills and prepares you for board exams in radiology. Features of Ultrasound Imaging: Covers a wide range of radiological specialties, including renal, gastrointestinal, genitourinary, thyroid, vascular, pediatric, and obstetric Each case includes valuable tips to help readers properly interpret ultrasound images and avoid potential pitfalls Nearly 100 high-quality color illustrations and 350 black and white radiographs demonstrating key ultrasound imaging cases RadCases contains cases selected to simulate everything that you'll see on your rounds, rotations, and exams. RadCases also helps you identify the correct differential diagnosis for each case— including the most critical. RadCases covers: Cardiac Imaging · Interventional Radiology · Musculoskeletal Radiology · Neuro Imaging · Thoracic Imaging · Pediatric Imaging · Gastrointestinal Imaging · Breast Imaging · Nuclear Medicine · Ultrasound Imaging · Head and Neck Imaging · Genitourinary Imaging Each RadCases title features 100 carefully selected, must-know cases documented with clear, high-quality radiographs. The organization provides maximum ease of use for self-assessment. Each case begins with the clinical presentation on the right-hand page; simply turn the page for imaging findings, differential diagnoses, the definitive diagnosis, essential facts, and more. This RadCases book comes with a code providing access to additional online cases: 100 in this book plus 150 more cases. Learn your cases, diagnose with confidence, and pass your exams. RadCases. This print book includes complimentary access to a digital copy on https://medone.thieme.com. Publisher's Note: Products purchased from Third Party sellers are not guaranteed by the publisher for quality, authenticity, or access to any online entitlements included with the product.Table of Contents100 Radiology Cases

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Book SynopsisA practical case-based approach to state-of-the-art neurointerventional techniques Featuring comprehensive coverage of the latest developments and technology in the field, Case-Based Interventional Neuroradiology provides a thorough review of commonly encountered neurovascular diseases, as well as detailed background information on the rationale for each treatment choice. Cases center on "real life" scenarios with high-quality images, and offer readers a concise, practical, and up-to-date approach to the diseases neurointerventionalists face. A separate section in each case contains alternate treatment options -- including medical, surgical, or radiosurgical treatment options -- in order to broaden the reader's understanding of the benefits and disadvantages of treatments provided by related disciplines. Clinicians can rapidly refresh their knowledge on the success and complications rates of the different treatment options using the up-to-date literature review featuring the latest references. Features: 72 clinical cases enhanced by over 750 high-quality radiographs cover the full range of vascular and nonvascular neurointerventional diseases Interpretations of clinical and imaging findings help readers to fully understand the reasons for the treatment choice and the specific goals to be achieved Presents tips on how to avoid complications, as well as how to recognize and manage complications Examples of both successful and unsuccessful cases offer a well-rounded perspective Readers are brought up to speed quickly with practical information on imaging findings, the physical exam, epidemiology, differential diagnoses, treatment modalities, the risks of alternate treatments, and current studies This cutting-edge compendium is an essential resource for both the beginning interventionalist and the seasoned practitioner in radiology, interventional radiology, neuroradiology, and vascular neurosurgery. Residents will find the succinct presentation of cases an invaluable learning tool.Table of ContentsPart I Aneurysms and Subarachnoid Hemorrhage Case 1 Embolization of a Ruptured Basilar Tip Aneurysm Case 2 Embolization of a Ruptured Anterior Communicating Artery Aneurysm Case 3 Multiple Aneurysms in a Patient with Subarachnoid Hemorrhage Case 4 Management of an Unruptured Internal Carotid Artery Aneurysm Case 5 Balloon-Assisted Embolization of a Ruptured Wide-Necked Anterior Communicating Artery Aneurysm Case 6 Stent-Assisted Embolization of a Wide-Necked Recurrent Posterior Communicating Artery Aneurysm Case 7 Management of Complications during Aneurysm Coiling: Proximal Mechanically Induced Vasospasm Case 8 Management of Complications during Aneurysm Coiling: Periprocedural Aneurysm Rupture Case 9 Management of Complications during Aneurysm Coiling: Periprocedural Thrombus Formation Case 10 Management of Subarachnoid Hemorrhage-Induced Vasospasm Case 11 Management of Giant "Partially Thrombosed" Aneurysms Case 12 Embolization of a Dissecting Vertebral Artery Aneurysm Case 13 Embolization of a Dissecting Distal Anterior Inferior Cerebellar Artery Aneurysm Case 14 Embolization of an Infectious Distal Middle Cerebral Artery Aneurysm Part II Brain Arteriovenous Malformations Case 15 Arterial Embolization of an Unruptured Pial Arteriovenous Malformation Case 16 Partial Targeted Embolization of an Unruptured Pial Arteriovenous Malformation Case 17 Pre-radiosurgical Embolization of an Unruptured Pial Arteriovenous Malformation Case 18 Embolization of an Acutely Ruptured Arteriovenous Malformation with Intranidal Aneurysm Case 19 Management of Hydrocephalus in an Unruptured Pial Arteriovenous Malformation Case 20 Embolization of a Pial Fistulous Arteriovenous Malformation Case 21 Partial Embolization of a Choroidal Fistulous Arteriovenous Malformation Case 22 Embolization of a Microshunt into a Developmental Venous Anomaly Part III Cranial Dural Arteriovenous Shunts Case 23 Arterial Embolization of a Lateral Epidural Type of Dural Arteriovenous Fistula Case 24 Arterial Embolization of an Ethmoidal Dural Arteriovenous Fistula Case 25 Transarterial Embolization of a Transverse Sinus Dural Arteriovenous Fistula Case 26 Transvenous Embolization of a Transverse Sinus Dural Arteriovenous Fistula Case 27 Transvenous Embolization through Thrombosed Dural Sinus of an Aggressive Transverse Sinus Dural Arteriovenous Fistula at the Level of an Isolated Dural Sinus Case 28 Transvenous Embolization of a Condylar Confl uence Dural Arteriovenous Fistula Case 29 Transvenous Embolization of a Cavernous Sinus Dural Arteriovenous Fistula Case 30 Multiple Dural Arteriovenous Fistulae Part IV Head and Neck Vascular Lesions Case 31 Transarterial Embolization of a Mandibular Arteriovenous Fistula Case 32 Combined Direct Puncture and Transarterial Embolization of a Scalp Arteriovenous Malformation Case 33 Percutaneous Puncture of a Facial Venous Vascular Malformation with Injection of Bleomycin Case 34 Percutaneous Puncture of a Facial Venous Malformation with Injection of Alcohol Case 35 Transarterial Particle Embolization of a Facial Hemangioma Part V Tumors Case 36 Preoperative Transarterial Particle Embolization of a Meningioma Case 37 Preoperative Transarterial Particle Embolization of a Juvenile Angiofi broma Case 38 Preoperative Embolization of a Carotid Body Tumor Case 39 Preoperative Embolization of a Recurrent Temporal Paraganglioma Case 40 Preoperative Transarterial Embolization of a Spinal Hemangioblastoma Case 41 Preoperative Embolization of a Hypervascular Vertebral Body Metastasis Part VI Trauma Case 42 Balloon Embolization of a Traumatic Carotid-Cavernous Fistula Case 43 Coil Embolization of a Traumatic Carotid-Cavernous Fistula Case 44 Carotid Artery Blowout Case 45 Balloon Occlusion Test of a Traumatic Internal Carotid Artery Aneurysm Treated by Internal Carotid Artery Sacrifice with Detachable Balloons Case 46 Transarterial Particle Embolization for Epistaxis Part VII Stroke Case 47 Intra-arterial rtPA Thrombolysis in Acute Ischemic Stroke Case 48 Mechanical Thrombolysis in Acute Stroke with an Aspiration Device Case 49 Mechanical Thrombectomy in Acute Stroke with a Retrievable Stent Case 50 Stent-Assisted Angioplasty of a Symptomatic Extracranial Internal Carotid Artery Stenosis Case 51 Stenting of a Symptomatic Post-surgical Internal Carotid Artery Stenosis Case 52 Intracranial Revascularization with a Self-Expandable Stent Case 53 Balloon-Mounted Intracranial Stenting of a High-Grade Vertebral Artery Stenosis Case 54 Subclavian Steal Syndrome Case 55 Direct Thrombolysis of Cerebral Venous Sinus Thrombosis Part VIII Pediatric Vascular Interventions Case 56 Transarterial Embolization of a Vein of Galen Aneurysmal Malformation Case 57 Embolization of a Pial Arteriovenous Fistula in a Patient with Hereditary Hemorrhagic Telangiectasia Case 58 Management of Pediatric Cerebral Aneurysm Case 59 Transarterial Embolization of a Dural Sinus Malformation Part IX Spine Vascular Interventions Case 60 Spinal Dural Arteriovenous Fistulae: Successful Arterial Embolization Case 61 Spinal Dural Arteriovenous Fistulae: Unsuccessful Arterial Embolization Case 62 Spinal Arteriovenous Malformation of the Fistulous Type: Treatment with Liquid Embolic Material Case 63 Spinal Arteriovenous Malformation of the Fistulous Type: Treatment with Coils Case 64 Spinal Arteriovenous Malformation of the Glomerular or Nidus Type: Treatment with Liquid Embolic Material Case 65 Balloon Embolization of a Vertebrovertebral Fistula Part X Spine Percutaneous Interventions Case 66 Fluoroscopy-Guided Percutaneous Vertebral Biopsy Case 67 Percutaneous Vertebroplasty in Osteoporotic Vertebral Compression Fracture Case 68 Balloon-Assisted Kyphoplasty in Osteoporotic Vertebral Compression Fracture Case 69 Multilevel Kyphoplasty in Multiple Myeloma Case 70 Radiofrequency Kyphoplasty in an Osteoporotic Vertebral Compression Fracture Case 71 Radiofrequency Kyphoplasty in Multiple Myeloma Case 72 Intra-articular Facet Joint Block

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Book SynopsisA new third edition of the outstanding introduction to radiologic imaging As an overview to radiology this high quality text from Thieme provides a comprehensive picture of current imaging practice and is suitable for reading by a range of healthcare professionals at undergraduate or post-graduate level. -- RAD Magazine Essential Radiology, Third Edition, is an extensively revised and updated text that provides a highly engaging, integrated overview of the use of radiology in every specialty and subspecialty, covering all imaging modalities and organ systems. It gives medical students in radiology clerkships a solid understanding of how each imaging modality works and how a variety of pathologic conditions appear on different imaging modalities.Key Features: Directly correlates radiologic findings with gross pathologic specimens Contains updated discussions of clinical conditions and imaging techniques Includes high-quality imaging that illustrates the appearance of diseases and injuries in radiologic images Written by a master teacher and premier expert on medical education in the U.S. Medical students will find this book indispensable for their radiology coursework and refer to it repeatedly during their training.

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Book SynopsisTop 3 Differentials in Radiology Top 3 Differentials in Neuroradiology is an up-to-date, comprehensive review of critical topics in neuroimaging. The books unique format ranks the differentials, divides them into the Top 3, and presents additional diagnostic considerations for each case presentation. The discussion sections of each case cover the imaging and clinical manifestations for all disease processes, making this text a high-yield review for board exam preparation and a quick reference for daily clinical practice. Key Features: Presents more than 600 high-quality images with the case-based reviews Covers all neuroradiology subspecialties, including imaging of the brain, head neck, and spine Provides a prioritized list of differentials based upon key findings for each case This book is an excellent board review for all radiology residents and fellows in neuroradiology, as well as staff radiologists preparing for their certification exams. Radiologists, clinicians, and surgeons involved in reviewing or interpreting neuroradiology studies will also find it to be an invaluable, quick reference that they will refer to repeatedly in their daily practice.Table of ContentsSection I. Brain Subsection Ia. Congenital and Developmental Subsection Ib. Attenuation and Signal Abnormality Subsection Ic. Masses and Masslike Lesions Subsection Id. Vasculature and Cerebrospinal Fluid Spaces Section II. Head and Neck Subsection IIa. Calvarium and Skull Base Subsection IIb. Temporal Bone Subsection IIc. Sinonasal Subsection IId. Maxillofacial Subsection IIe. Neck (including spaces) Subsection IIf. Orbits Section III. Spine

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Book SynopsisA practical guide to the radiology of trauma and emergency medicine A practical introductory reference on the clinical radiology of trauma and acute diseases, Emergency Radiology: A Practical Guide helps readers acquire the image interpretation skills necessary to care for patients with emergent conditions. The book is organized by anatomic region, and each of the eight sections has an introduction that includes an analytical approach and checklist, anatomy, imaging techniques, and important differential diagnoses. Key Features: More than 500 high-quality images Concise discussions of more than 230 important traumatic and emergent conditions A format optimized for self-study and review, with illustrations and explanatory text on facing pages Each section includes an approach, checklist, essential anatomy, study indications, imaging protocols, and differential diagnoses Tailored to the needs of senior medical students, radiology and emergency medicine residents, and clinicians who care for emergency patients, this book is an indispensable practical reference.Table of Contents1 Introduction to Emergency Imaging 2 Brain 3 Head and Neck 4 Spine 5 Chest 6 Abdomen and Pelvis 7 Musculoskeletal 8 Pediatrics

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Book SynopsisA concise yet in-depth analysis of imaging modalities for brain tumors FOUR STARS from Doody's Star Ratings™ Brain Tumor Imaging is a practical, comprehensive reference that covers all the methods of imaging used in the diagnosis and assessment of brain tumors. It includes key information on the use of advanced imaging technologies in the clinical setting for the successful treatment of patients with brain tumors. Key Features: Includes more than 500 high-quality images (color as well as black and white) that help illustrate the latest imaging modalities used in neuro-oncology Covers advanced, functional imaging techniques, giving readers the latest information on clinically advanced imaging tools for brain tumor assessment Provides details on how to accurately evaluate treatment effects and differentiate from tumor progression This book is an essential guide to advanced imaging modalities for all radiologists, neuro-radiologists, neuro-oncologists, and neurosurgeons involved in the treatment and evaluation of patients with brain tumors.Table of Contents1 Conventional Morphological Imaging: MRI Remains the Workhorse 2 Response Assessment in Neuro-oncology 3 Going Beyond the Conventional Morphological Imaging: An Overview of Functional Imaging Techniques 4 Perfusion Imaging: Dynamic Susceptibility Contrast Magnetic Resonance Perfusion 5 Perfusion Imaging: Dynamic Contrast-Enhanced T1-Weighted MRI (DCE-MRI) Perfusion 6 Perfusion Imaging: Arterial Spin Labeling 7 Perfusion Imaging: Perfusion CT 8 Diffusion-Weighted Imaging for Gliomas 9 Diffusion Tensor Imaging 10 Functional MRI and Diffusion Tensor Imaging with Tractography 11 Metabolic Imaging: MR Spectroscopy 12 Molecular Imaging: PET and SPECT 13 It's Not Just the Tumor: Treatment Effects 14 It's Not Just the Tumor: CNS Paraneoplastic Syndromes and Cerebrovascular Complications of Cancers 15 Image-Guided Neurosurgery: Intraoperative MRI 16 On the Horizon: Ultra-High-Field MR 17 On the Horizon: Tumor Genomics 18 On the Horizon: Going Beyond Conventional MR Contrast Agents 19 On the Horizon: Molecular Imaging

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Book SynopsisResearch Methods in Radiology provides concise, practical insights on how to design clinical and experimental studies in diagnostic imaging. This unique resource encompasses contributions from leaders in academic radiology as well as top epidemiologists, biostatisticians, and librarians with vast multidisciplinary and radiology research experience. The material reflects years of expertise teaching core biostatistics in radiology principles to residents, fellows, radiologists, and epidemiologists. Given the vast amount of published information on research methodology and statistics in radiology, the authors' goal was to write a high-yield review and study tool rather than a comprehensive book. Key topics are succinctly addressed in each chapter, including measurements in radiology; decision analysis in radiology; and systemic reviews, evidence-based imaging, and knowledge translation. Online exercises related to each topic enable residents to prepare for radiology board examinations and research radiologists to apply knowledge to clinical studies. Key Highlights Introductory chapters on analysis of diagnostic tests, linear and logistic regression, meta-analysis, statistical inference, and economic evaluation provide easy-to-follow tutorials Each chapter includes learning objectives, basic concepts, supplementary tables, and ancillary online material Case studies with images, graphs, and tables highlight primary "take home" points Sample size calculations are illustrated for a wide range of research questions Code is included for use in R, free open-source software for statistical analysis This book is an indispensable review of research methodology for radiology students and residents. Practicing clinicians will also benefit from this precisely focused reference tool on clinical and experimental research.Table of ContentsChapter 1 Overview of Research Designs Applied to Radiology Chapter 2 Descriptive Statistics Chapter 3 Diagnostic Tests Chapter 4 Measurement: Validity, Reliability, and Responsiveness Chapter 5 Observational Designs Chapter 6 Randomized Controlled Trials Chapter 7 Systematic Reviews, Evidence-Based Imaging, and Knowledge Translation Chapter 8 Decision Analysis Chapter 9 Costs and Consequences: Economic Evaluation in Radiology Chapter 10 Conducting and Publishing Research Chapter 11 Obtaining Ethics Approval, Data Management, and Budget Formulation Chapter 12 Steps for Using Research as a Success Tool in Academia Chapter 13 Statistical Inference: Point Estimation, Confidence Intervals, and Hypothesis Testing Chapter 14 Linear and Logistic Regression Chapter 15 Sample Size Estimation Chapter 16 Meta-analysis Appendix: A Brief Introduction to 'R'

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Book SynopsisAll the key Radiology cases for your rounds, rotations, and exams Emergency Radiology presents the challenging cases that are most likely to be encountered by physicians and radiologists in the emergency room. It helps radiologists and emergency physicians correctly interpret images and thus quickly make initial diagnoses on both common and less common disorders. This book can also be used as an effective review guide for those studying for the radiology board exams. Key Features: Examples of critical cases that must be accurately diagnosed to avert potential disaster in daily practice and on exams Clearly labeled, high-quality images help you quickly absorb key findings RadCases contains cases selected to simulate everything that you'll see on your rounds, rotations, and exams. RadCases also helps you identify the correct differential diagnosis for each case—including the most critical. RadCases covers: Cardiac Imaging · Interventional Radiology · Musculoskeletal Radiology · Neuro Imaging · Thoracic Imaging · Pediatric Imaging · Gastrointestinal Imaging · Breast Imaging · Nuclear Medicine · Ultrasound Imaging · Head and Neck Imaging · Genitourinary Imaging Each RadCases title features 100 carefully selected, must-know cases documented with clear, high-quality radiographs. The organization provides maximum ease of use for self-assessment. Each case begins with the clinical presentation on the right-hand page; simply turn the page for imaging findings, differential diagnoses, the definitive diagnosis, essential facts, and more. This RadCases book comes with a code providing access to additional online cases: 100 from this book plus 150 more cases. Learn your cases, diagnose with confidence, and pass your exams. RadCases. This print book includes complimentary access to a digital copy on https://medone.thieme.com. Publisher's Note: Products purchased from Third Party sellers are not guaranteed by the publisher for quality, authenticity, or access to any online entitlements included with the product.Table of Contents100 Radiology Cases

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Book SynopsisA practical how-to manual on breast elastography This comprehensive reference covers the principles and techniques used in performing breast elastography, an innovative imaging technology that can dramatically reduce the need for biopsies. The book begins with an introduction of the techniques, followed by sections on how to perform each technique and methods of interpretation, and concludes with more than 60 detailed case studies. Key Features: Includes case studies covering a wide range of breast pathologies and illustrating the use of all available elastography techniques to help radiologists obtain the best images for each pathology Covers all methods of breast elastography, including sheer wave and strain wave Contains more than 200 high-quality color images that demonstrate how to perform each technique Breast Elastography is an essential reference for all radiologists, residents and fellows, and sonographers involved in breast imaging and evaluation.Table of Contents Introduction to Breast Elastography 2 Principles of Elastography 3 Strain Elastography 4 Shear Wave Elastography 5 Combination of Shear Wave and Strain Elastography 6 Clinical Cases: Benign Lesions Case 1: Cystic Lesion—Simple Cyst Case 2: Cystic Lesion—Complicated Cyst Case 3: Cystic Lesion—Complicated Cyst Case 4: Cystic Lesion Isoechoic Complicated Cyst Case 5: Cystic Lesion—Apocrine Microcyst Case 6: Cystic Lesion—Complex Cystic Lesion Case 7: Cystic Lesion—Complex Cystic Lesion Case 8: Fibrocystic Change—Lesion Blends in with Adjacent Tissue on Elastography Case 9: Fibrocystic Change—Fibroadenomoid Hyperplasia Case 10: Fibrocystic Change—Lesion Blends in with Adjacent Tissue on Elastography Case 11: Fibrocystic Change—Stromal Fibrosis Case 12: Sclerosing Lesion—Sclerosis Lobulitis Case 13: Fibroadenoma—Soft Fibroadenoma Case 14: Fibroadenoma—Intermediate Stiffness Fibroadenoma Case 15: Fibroadenoma—Stiffer Fibroadenoma Case 16: Fibroadenoma—Stiffer Fibroadenoma Case 17: Fibroadenoma—False-Positive Fibroadenoma Case 18: Papillary Lesion—Hyalinized Intraductal Papilloma Case 19: Papillary Lesion—Intraductal Papilloma Case 20: Papillary Lesion—Intraductal Papillomatosis Case 21: Papillary Lesion—Intraductal Papilloma Case 22: Phyllodes Tumor Case 23: Mastitis—Mastitis with Abscess Formation Case 24: Mastitis—Mastitis with Abscess Formation Case 25: Mastitis—Mastitis without Abscess Formation Case 26: Mastitis—Chronic Granulomatous Mastitis Case 27: Surgical Scar—Benign Surgical Scar Case 28: Surgical Scar—Surgical Scar with Recurrence Case 29: Fat Necrosis Case 30: Fat Necrosis—False-Positive Fat Necrosis Case 31: Hematoma Case 32: Hematoma—False-Positive on E/B Ratio Case 33: Pregnancy Changes—Pregnancy-Related Changes Case 34: Pregnancy Changes—Lactating Fibroadenoma Case 35: Gynecomastia Case 36: Lipoma Case 37: Epidermal Inclusion Cyst/Sebaceous Cyst Case 38: Epidermal Inclusion Cyst/Sebaceous Cyst Case 39: Seroma Case 40: Skin Lesion—Neurofibroma Case 41: Skin Lesion—Benign Skin Edema Case 42: Radial Scar Case 43: Atypical Ductal Hyperplasia 7 Clinical Cases: Malignant Lesions Case 1: Ductal Carcinoma in Situ Case 2: Ductal Carcinoma in Situ—Fibroadenoma with Foci of DCIS Case 3: Invasive Ductal Carcinoma—Borders Ill Defined, Grade 1 Case 4: Invasive Ductal Carcinoma—Grade 2 Case 5: Invasive Ductal Carcinoma—Grade 1 Case 6: Invasive Ductal Carcinoma—Grade 2 Case 7: Invasive Ductal Carcinoma—SE and SWE Not Concordant, Grade 3 Case 8: Invasive Ductal Carcinoma—SE and SWE Not Concordant, Grade 3 Case 9: Invasive Ductal Carcinoma—No Color Coding on SWE, Grade 2 Case 10: Invasive Ductal Carcinoma—Grade 2 with High-Grade DCIS Case 11: Invasive Ductal Carcinoma—Grade 3 with Central Necrosis Case 12: Invasive Ductal Carcinoma—Grade 3 Case 13: Invasive Ductal Carcinoma—No Color Coding on SWE, Grade 2 Case 14: Invasive Ductal Carcinoma—Grade 3 with Extensive Necrosis Case 15: Invasive Lobular Carcinoma Case 16: Invasive Lobular Carcinoma Case 17: Invasive Papillary Carcinoma Case 18: Mucinous Carcinoma Case 19: Mucinous Carcinoma—Mucinous Carcinoma with Adjacent Invasive Ductal Carcinoma, Grade 2 Case 20: Inflammatory Breast Carcinoma 8 Clinical Cases of Other Lesions Case 1: Lymph Nodes—Benign Intramammary Lymph Node Case 2: Lymph Nodes—Benign Axillary Lymph Node Case 3: Lymph Nodes—Metastatic Adenocarcinoma to Axillary Lymph Node Case 4: Lymph Nodes—Metastatic Adenocarcinoma to Axillary Lymph Node Case 5: Lymphoma Case 6: Adenocarcinoma Metastatic (Nonbreast)—Adenocarcinoma of Lung Origin 9 Future Perspective and Conclusions

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Book SynopsisThe definitive reference on imaging and diagnosis of neurodegenerative diseases FIVE STARS from Doody's Star Ratings™ Imaging of Neurodegenerative Disorders is a comprehensive, up-to-date reference covering the latest techniques used in neuroimaging as well as the basic structural imaging that facilitates diagnosis of various neurodegenerative disorders. All advanced imaging modalities, including MR spectroscopy, DTI, MRI, and PET scans, are discussed in detail, enabling readers to gain a solid understanding of how to use them to diagnose neurodegenerative diseases. Key Features: Each chapter covers the clinical features, pathology, and imaging of a specific disease/disorder Sections on cerebellar degeneration and dysfunction, motor neuron disorders, post-traumatic cognitive disorders, dementia with extrapyramidal syndromes, and deep brain stimulation A final section discusses the distinctions between preventable, potentially reversible, and irreversible dementia This book provides radiologists and all who care for patients suffering from neurodegenerative diseases with an invaluable reference that will be part of their medical library for many years to come.Table of ContentsPart I. Introduction Chapter 1: Overview of Neurodegenerative Diseases Part II. Imaging Techniques Chapter 2: Structural Imaging of Dementia Chapter 3: Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy in Neurodegenerative Disorders Chapter 4: SPECT and PET Imaging of Neurotransmitters in Dementia Chapter 5: Diffusion Tensor Imaging in Neurodegenerative Disorders Chapter 6: Functional Imaging of the Brain Chapter 7: Role of Noninvasive Angiogram and Perfusion in the Evaluation of Neurodegenerative Disorders Part III. Normal Aging Chapter 8: Imaging of the Normal Aging Brain Chapter 9: Iron Accumulation and Iron Imaging in the Human Brain Part IV. Alzheimer's Disease Chapter 10: Mild Cognitive Impairment Chapter 11: Overview of Alzheimer's Disease Chapter 12: Genetics, Neuropathology, and Biomarkers in Alzheimer's Disease Chapter 13: Imaging of Alzheimer's Disease: Part 1 Chapter 14: Imaging of Alzheimer's Disease: Part 2 Chapter 15: Magnetic Resonance Imaging and Histopathological Correlation in Alzheimer's Disease Part V. Non-Alzheimer's Cortical Dementia Chapter 16: Dementia with Lewy Body Disease Chapter 17: Frontotemporal Lobar Degeneration Part VI. Dementia with Extrapyramidal Syndromes Chapter 18: Parkinson's Disease Chapter 19: Atypical Parkinsonian Syndromes Chapter 20: Secondary Parkinsonism Part VII. Vascular Dementia Chapter 21: Vascular Dementia Chapter 22: Neuroimaging of Vascular Dementias Chapter 23: Imaging of Specific Hereditary Microangiopathies Chapter 24: Vasculitis and Dementia Part VIII. Infection and Inflammatory Conditions Associated with Dementia Chapter 25: Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) Dementia Chapter 26: Non-Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) Infectious Dementia Chapter 27: Prion Disease Chapter 28: Immune-Mediated Dementias Part IX. Normal Pressure Hydrocephalus Chapter 29: Normal Pressure Hydrocephalus Part X. Tumor-Related Cognitive Dysfunction Chapter 30: Brain Tumors and Cognitive Dysfunction Chapter 31: Paraneoplastic Syndrome Part XI. Trauma Chapter 32: Posttraumatic Cognitive Disorders Part XII. Endocrine and Toxins-Related Dementia Chapter 33: Endocrine-, Metabolic-, Toxin-, and Drug-Related Dementia Part XIII. Inborn Errors of Metabolism Chapter 34: Inborn Errors of Metabolism Part XIV. Cerebellar Degeneration and Dysfunction Chapter 35: Normal Anatomy and Pathways of Cerebellum Chapter 36: Imaging of Cerebellar Degeneration and Cerebellar Ataxia Part XV. Motor Neuron Disorders Chapter 37: Overview of Motor Neuron Disorders Chapter 38: Neuroimaging of Motor Neuron Disorders Part XVI. Clinical Approach and Treatment Chapter 39: Reversible versus Nonreversible Dementia: Practical Approach Chapter 40: Advances in the Treatment of Dementia Chapter 41: Imaging of Deep Brain Stimulation

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Book SynopsisA practical guide on the evaluation, diagnosis, and treatment of varicose veins Chronic venous disease is a common condition, with a prevalence as high as 50% in industrialized countries worldwide. Of those, about 20-25% of women and 10-15% of men have visible varicose veins. Varicose vein treatment has become an increasingly multidisciplinary field, and one that has seen cutting-edge advances and significant growth. Felipe B. Collares, Salomao Faintuch, and a team of venous disease experts have compiled, Varicose Veins, a concise book that covers the full range of interventional procedures for venous insufficiency. Following introductory chapters on anatomy and pathophysiology, the authors guide readers through the clinical exam, imaging, compression therapy, and various minimally invasive techniques. Highly practical and an affordable alternative to larger published tomes. Key Highlights Step-by-step guide on core venous interventions - from compression therapy to sclerotherapy - ambulatory phlebectomy to endovascular ablation Illustrations delineate anatomy and specific treatment modalities Clinical pearls on patient safety and preventing complications Discussion of emerging endovascular approaches that do not require administration of tumescent anesthesia This handy resource is a must-have for trainees and veteran physicians. The practical and focused layout provides a well-rounded reference for all specialists who perform varicose vein procedures - interventional radiologists, vascular surgeons, phlebologists, cardiologists, and dermatologists.Table of Contents1. Anatomy 2. Pathophysiology of Varicose Veins 3. Clinical Exam 4. Imaging 5. Compression Therapy 6. Endovenous Thermal Ablation 7. Sclerotherapy 8. Ambulatory Phlebectomy 9. Safety, Quality, and Complications 10. New Endovascular Techniques

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Book SynopsisDiffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) is an integral part of routine neuroimaging, used nearly universally in brain MRIs, and more recently for the spine, spinal cord, and head and neck. DWI provides clinically relevant information on conditions including stroke, infection, and neoplasms. Diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) is a powerful, newer technique with the potential for multiple protocols, including the diagnosis of mild traumatic brain injury and psychiatric disorders. Written by leading authorities in neuroradiology and radiology, Diffusion Weighted and Diffusion Tensor Imaging: A Clinical Guide provides key points and summaries on the concepts and applications required for proper implementation and interpretation of DWI and DTI. Key Features: More than 600 high-quality illustrations Protocols and applications from early childhood to older adulthood Methods to differentiate normal versus pathological states Brain edema pathophysiology and use of DWI to distinguish between cytotoxic and vasogenic edema Utilization of DWI and DTI to diagnose trauma, white matter disease, tumors, cerebrovascular disease, and head, neck, and spine disorders This concise handbook is an invaluable resource for neuro-radiologists and radiologists, as well as fellows and residents in these disciplines. With the expanding use of these procedures, neuroscientists, neurologists, neurosurgeons, and psychiatrists will also find it indispensable.Table of Contents1 Physics of Diffusion Weighted and Diffusion Tensor Imaging 2 Brain Edema: Pathophysiology 3 Supratentorial White Matter Tracts and Their Organization 4 Diffusion Weighted Imaging and Diffusion Tensor Imaging of the Brain during Early Brain Development: The First Two Years of Life 5 Diffusion Weighted and Diffusion Tensor Imaging in Aging 6 Diffusion Weighted Imaging in Vascular Pathology 7 Diffusion Weighted Imaging in the Evaluation of Brain Tumors 8 Diffusion Weighted and Diffusion Tensor Imaging in Infectious Diseases 9 Diffusion Weighted Imaging and Diffusion Tensor Imaging in Demyelination and Toxic Diseases 10 Diffusion Weighted Imaging and Diffusion Tensor Imaging of White Matter Diseases In Children 11 Diffusion Imaging for the Assessment of Traumatic Brain Injury 12 Diffusion Weighted Imaging in Hemorrhage 13 Diffusion Weighted Imaging and Diffusion Tensor Imaging in Spine and Spinal Cord Diseases 14 Diffusion Weighted Imaging and Diffusion Tensor Imaging in Head and Neck Diseases 15 Future Applications of Diffusion Weighted Imaging: Diffusional Kurtosis and Other Nongaussian Diffusion Techniques

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Book SynopsisA practical handbook on cutting edge interventional procedures Interventional Oncology is a concise, practical guide to state-of-the-art, image-guided procedures that are among the most innovative and effective cancer treatment options available today. Each chapter is presented in a similar format that includes indications, contraindications, patient selection, pre-procedure workup, technique, post procedure management, and clinical data. This book is the perfect high-yield manual for practitioners to consult before seeing oncology patients, as well as for intra and post-procedure management. Key Features: High-quality color illustrations and multi-modality clinical images Covers all the latest interventional oncology procedures Chapter authors are leading authorities in the field Tips and pearls at the end of each chapter and a comprehensive set of references This book is an excellent clinical guide for seasoned interventional radiologists as well as trainees in interventional oncology to consult on a day-to-day basis.Table of ContentsChapter 1. Percutaneous Ablation of Renal Cell Carcinoma Chapter 2. Adrenal Malignancy Chapter 3. Ablation of Lung Cancer, Pulmonary Metastatic Disease, and Chest Wall Malignancy Chapter 4. Hepatocellular Carcinoma: Ablation Chapter 5. Hepatocellular Carcinoma: Chemoembolization Chapter 6. Hepatocellular Carcinoma: Radioembolization Chapter 7. Colorectal Hepatic Metastatic Disease: Ablation Chapter 8. Colorectal Cancer Hepatic Metastatic Disease: Intra-arterial Therapies Chapter 9. Carcinoid and Neuroendocrine Tumors: Intra-arterial Therapies Chapter 10. Cholangiocarcinoma: Ablation and Intra-arterial Therapies Chapter 11. Bone Tumors: Ablation Chapter 12. Portal Vein Embolization Chapter 13. Emerging Technologies in Interventional Oncology

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Book SynopsisThis Manual of Interventional Oncology by Douglas Coldwell is the culmination of more than 30 years of training, hands-on practice, and skills learned from oncology colleagues. The successful practice of interventional oncology (IO) requires familiarity with all cancer interventions, and the ability to recognize each of their strengths and weaknesses. Acquiring basic knowledge of all facets of the vast, ever-evolving cancer treatment paradigm enables greater understanding of how IO fits into the broad cancer management continuum. The first five chapters lay a solid foundation, detailing essentials of medical and surgical oncology and radiation, followed by interventional radiology cancer treatments and agents used in cancer chemotherapy. Twelve cancer-specific chapters cover tumor management and discussion of minimally invasive, image-guided tumor ablation techniques for each type of cancer, as well as IO for pain management and palliative care. Key Highlights IO interventions for prevalent cancers such as colorectal, pancreatic, prostate, liver, bladder, breast, lung, and gynecologic - and less common pathologies including neuroendocrine tumors of the gastrointestinal tract and cholangiocarcinoma More than 125 illustrations accompany succinct discussions of pathology, epidemiology, genetics, staging, treatment, outcomes, and IO options for each type of tumor An overview of clinical trials provides a glimpse of future IO innovations A road map to a successful IO career includes pearls gleaned from years of managing a thriving practice This definitive guide is a must-have for clinicians working in the field of vascular and interventional radiology. It provides interventional radiologists with the necessary building blocks, information, and techniques to thrive in this rapidly evolving specialty.Table of Contents1 Essentials of Medical Oncology 2 Essentials of Surgical Oncology 3 Essentials of Radiation Oncology 4 Interventional Radiology in the Treatment of the Cancer Patient 5 Chemotherapeutic Agents 6 Colorectal Cancer 7 Cancer of the Pancreas 8 Carcinoid Tumor (Neuroendocrine Tumors of the Gastrointestinal Tract) 9 Hepatocellular Carcinoma 10 Cholangiocarcinoma 11 Lung Cancer (Non-Small Cell) 12 Head and Neck Cancer 13 Renal Cell Carcinoma 14 Urothelial Cancer and Transitional Cell Cancer 15 Prostate Cancer 16 Breast Cancer 17 Gynecologic Tumors 18 Clinical Trials and Interventional Oncology 19 Building an Interventional Oncology Practice

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Book SynopsisAlthough mammography is the primary method used for breast cancer screening, screening mammography is limited especially in women with dense breasts, which includes nearly 50% of all women in the United States. Despite improvements such as digital mammography, computed aided detection, and digital breast tomosynthesis, breast cancer continues to be a leading cause of cancer-related death in women. The recent proliferation of screening breast ultrasound has led to increased health care costs and false positives, with only a slight improvement in breast cancer detection. It is time for a better test. This is the first textbook dedicated to the subject of abbreviated breast MRI (AB-MR). The editors are principal investigators in the first multicenter trial evaluating AB-MR. Each chapter is authored by a leading expert in the field of breast MRI. AB-MR only takes 10 minutes or less to perform, has a comparable cost to screening breast ultrasound, and detects twice as many cancers compared to combined screening with mammography and ultrasound. The improved performance of AB-MR is irrespective of breast density, family history, overall breast cancer risk, and cancer characteristics (e.g. type, staging, invasive or intraductal, primary or recurrent). As such, it will likely become a routine screening tool in women with dense breasts. Key Features A background on breast MR imaging including a review of current research data Fundamental guidelines for implementing, performing, and interpreting AB-MR Technical approaches with proven efficacy, including biopsy methods Accurate interpretation presented in an easy-to-read flow chart format More than 250 high quality color illustrations AB-MR has the potential to help radiologists overcome breast cancer screening limitations and change current standards of practice. This book provides radiologists with the necessary tools to quickly incorporate AB-MR into clinical practice, with an ultimate goal of improved breast cancer detection rates and patient outcomes.Table of Contents1. Introduction to Abbreviated Breast Magnetic Imaging 2. History of Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Breast Cancer Screening 3. Current Clinical Evidence on Abbreviated Breast Magnetic Resonance Imaging 4. Technical Aspects of Abbreviated Breast Magnetic Resonance Imaging: The Original Approach 5. Techniques for Performing Abbreviated Breast Magnetic Resonance Imaging 6. Abbreviated Breast Magnetic Resonance Imaging Protocols and Clinical Implementation 7. Interpretation Guidelines 8. Magnetic Resonance Imaging–Guided Biopsy Techniques

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Book SynopsisEssential neuroradiology cases and board-type Q&A review to help you pass your exam! Neuro Imaging Second Edition from Roy Riascos, Eliana Bonfante, and Susana Calle features 100 new cases along with two board-type multiple choice questions for each. This latest edition features state-of-the-art imaging technologies including perfusion techniques, spectroscopy, nuclear medicine, and 3D reconstructions. Updated and new classification systems have been integrated into brain tumor, traumatic spine injury, and intracranial aneurysm cases. For maximum ease of self-assessment, each case begins with the clinical presentation on the right-hand page; study that and then turn the page for imaging findings, differential diagnoses with the definitive diagnosis, essential facts, pearls and pitfalls, and more. Key Features New to this edition, a question-and-answer section for each case reinforces key concepts Easy-to-read bulleted formatting and concise, point-by-point presentation of the Essential Facts enables learning and retention of high-yield facts and skill-building in neuroradiologic diagnosis Online access to additional cases enables residents to arrange study sessions, quickly extract and master information, and prepare for specialized neuroradiology conferences Thieme's RadCases means cases selected to simulate what you will see on your exams, rounds, and rotations. RadCases helps you to identify the correct differential diagnosis for each case, including the most critical. The series comprehensively covers the following specialties: Breast Imaging · Cardiac Imaging · Emergency Imaging · Gastrointestinal Imaging · Genitourinary Imaging · Head and Neck Imaging · Interventional Radiology · Musculoskeletal Radiology · Neuro Imaging · Nuclear Medicine · Pediatric Imaging · Thoracic Imaging · Ultrasound Imaging This RadCases book comes with a code providing access to additional online cases: 100 in this book plus 250+ more cases and interactive Q&A. Master your cases, pass your exams, and diagnose with confidence: RadCases! This print book includes complimentary access to a digital copy on https://medone.thieme.com. Publisher's Note: Products purchased from Third Party sellers are not guaranteed by the publisher for quality, authenticity, or access to any online entitlements included with the product.Table of Contents100 Radiology Cases

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Book SynopsisCrucial musculoskeletal cases and board-type Q&A to help you pass your exam! Glenn Garcia's Musculoskeletal Radiology Second Edition prepares you to diagnose the full range of bone, ligament, muscle, and joint pathology and is ideal for exam preparation. Included in this book are 100 cases of musculoskeletal disorders, illustrated with clear, high-quality images and now with questions and answers for review. For maximum ease of self-assessment, each case begins with the clinical presentation on the right-hand page; study that and then turn the page for imaging findings, differential diagnoses with the definitive diagnosis, essential facts, pearls and pitfalls, and more. Key Highlights 547 high-resolution images guide the reader through the cases A variety of uncommon and common presentations covering everything from rheumatoid arthritis to fibrodysplasia ossificans progressiva Examples of critical cases that must be diagnosed immediately – such as septic arthritis – to avert potential disaster in daily practice and on exams Frequently encountered musculoskeletal imaging artifacts with physics-based explanations Thieme's RadCases means cases selected to simulate what you will see on your exams, rounds, and rotations. RadCases helps you to identify the correct differential diagnosis for each case, including the most critical. The series comprehensively covers the following specialties: Breast Imaging · Cardiac Imaging · Emergency Imaging · Gastrointestinal Imaging · Genitourinary Imaging · Head and Neck Imaging · Interventional Radiology · Musculoskeletal Radiology · Neuro Imaging · Nuclear Medicine · Pediatric Imaging · Thoracic Imaging · Ultrasound Imaging This RadCases book comes with a code providing access to additional online cases: 100 in this book plus 250+ more cases and interactive Q&A. Master your cases, pass your exams, and diagnose with confidence: RadCases! This print book includes complimentary access to a digital copy on https://medone.thieme.com. Publisher's Note: Products purchased from Third Party sellers are not guaranteed by the publisher for quality, authenticity, or access to any online entitlements included with the product.Table of Contents100 Radiology Cases

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Book SynopsisImaging plays an integral role in the diagnosis and intervention of debilitating, often fatal vascular diseases of the brain, such as ischemic and hemorrhagic stroke, aneurysms, and arteriovenous malformations (AVMs). Written by a world renowned neuro-radiologist and pioneer in the early adoption of magnetic resonance (MR) technology, Imaging of Cerebrovascular Disease is a concise yet remarkably thorough textbook that advances the reader's expertise on this subject. The text draws on the author's vast personal experience, case studies, and traditional educational sources, offering didactic dialogue with accompanying images. A practical clinical resource organized into six chapters, this book offers unparalleled breadth in delineating the diagnostic and treatment usages of modern imaging techniques. Chapter one sets a foundation with extensive coverage of modalities and their applications, including MR, computed tomography (CT) and digital subtraction angiography (DSA). Subsequent chapters cover utilization of imaging techniques specific to underlying pathologies. Key Features: In-depth discussion of medical and neuroradiologic/neurosurgical interventions, focusing on the use of imaging prior to, during, and following treatment Comprehensive text enhanced with more than 700 high-quality images Detailed evaluation of normal brain anatomy, as well as gyral anatomy in brain ischemia, an important subtopic Advantages, disadvantages, mortality, and morbidity of surgery (clipping) versus endovascular techniques (coiling and flow diversion) for aneurysms Presented in a style that facilitates cover-to-cover reading, this is an essential tool for residents and fellows, and provides a robust study guide prior to sitting for relevant certification exams. It is also a quick, invaluable reference for radiologists, neurosurgeons, and neurologists in the midst of a busy clinical day.Table of ContentsChapter 1 Technologic Innovations in MR and CT Chapter 2 Normal Anatomy Chapter 3 Hemorrhage Chapter 4 Ischemia Chapter 5 Aneurysms Chapter 6 Vascular Malformations and Other Vascular Lesions

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Book SynopsisEssential nuclear medicine cases and board-type Q&A review to help you pass your exam! Recently, the field of nuclear medicine has witnessed an unprecedented explosion of new clinical diagnostic tracers, radionuclide therapies, hardware, and molecular imaging paradigms. This second edition of RadCases Plus Q&A Nuclear Medicine by Daniel Appelbaum, John Miliziano, Anup Jacob Alexander, and Yong Bradley reflects these advances, presenting 100 new cases and 500 high-quality images. The book covers a wide spectrum, from classic topics, such as thyroid, bone, parathyroid, and renal scans, to the paradigm-shifting concept of "theranostics." For maximum ease of self-assessment, each case begins with the clinical presentation on the right-hand page; study that and then turn the page for imaging findings, differential diagnoses with the definitive diagnosis, essential facts, pearls and pitfalls, and more. Key Highlights The latest radionuclide therapies to treat cancers of the prostate, neuroendocrine system, and liver Discussion of up-to-date diagnostic and therapeutic PET radiotracers, theraspheres/sirspheres, and new cardiac applications for PYP SPECT Recently described important artifacts such as WBC and FDG microemboli, white fat hypermetabolism, and the potentially confusing inflammation patterns in FDG PET associated with emerging cancer immunotherapies Timeless topics include radiation handling/safety and resolving camera imaging errors Thieme's RadCases means cases selected to simulate what you will see on your exams, rounds, and rotations. RadCases helps you to identify the correct differential diagnosis for each case, including the most critical. The series comprehensively covers the following specialties: Breast Imaging · Cardiac Imaging · Emergency Imaging · Gastrointestinal Imaging · Genitourinary Imaging · Head and Neck Imaging · Interventional Radiology · Musculoskeletal Radiology · Neuro Imaging · Nuclear Medicine · Pediatric Imaging · Thoracic Imaging · Ultrasound Imaging This RadCases book comes with a code providing access to additional online cases: 100 in this book plus 250+ more cases and interactive Q&A Master your cases, pass your exams, and diagnose with confidence: RadCases! This print book includes complimentary access to a digital copy on https://medone.thieme.com. Publisher's Note: Products purchased from Third Party sellers are not guaranteed by the publisher for quality, authenticity, or access to any online entitlements included with the product.Table of Contents100 Radiology Cases

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Book SynopsisLearn the fundamental principles and clinical applications of the diagnostic and risk assessment imaging test of choice for prostate cancer: prostate MRI Although prostate cancer is the second leading cause of cancer death in men in the USA, it can be treated successfully if detected early. Disease management has gradually changed to a paradigm that relies on close monitoring through active surveillance in select patients, as well as ongoing refinements in treatment interventions, including minimally invasive procedures. This has resulted in a critical need for a more exacting methodology for performing targeted biopsies, assessing risk levels, and devising treatment strategies. Prostate MRI has emerged as the most precise, state-of-the-art imaging modality for prostate cancer diagnosis and management, thereby creating an immediate demand for radiologists to become proficient in its use. Conceived and edited by a leading authority, with contributions from renowned experts in the field, MRI of the Prostate: A Practical Approach is the first book to tackle this important topic. It provides an overview of the fundamentals of prostate MRI acquisition, interpretation, and reporting. Readers will benefit from a wide range of insightful perspectives gleaned from years of hands-on experience. Key Highlights Prostate Imaging Reporting and Data System (PI-RADS) for prostate MRI interpretation and cancer risk scoring Clinical pearls on the optimization and application of prostate MRI for risk assessment, disease staging, MRI-targeted biopsy, recurrent disease, and active surveillance The emerging utilization of PET and PET/MRI for primary prostate cancer evaluation More than 700 illustrations with one entirely image-based chapter featuring educational case studies Radiologists will learn how to optimally perform and interpret prostate MRI, and referring physicians will learn to integrate it into day-to-day practice. This book is an essential resource for radiologists and radiology residents, as well as urologists, oncologists, MRI technicians, and other medical practitioners who treat patients with genitourinary disorders.Table of Contents1 Introduction to Prostate Cancer: Clinical Considerations 2 Prostate Cancer Pathology 3 Introduction to Prostate MRI Protocols: Hardware, T2-Weighted Imaging and MR Spectroscopy 4 Diffusion-Weighted Imaging of the Prostate 5 Dynamic Contrast-Enhanced MRI of the Prostate 6 Prostate Imaging–Reporting and Data System (PI-RADS) 7 Prostate Cancer Staging and Surgical Planning 8 Post-Treatment Follow-Up and Assessment for Recurrence 9 Prebiopsy MRI and MRI-Targeted Biopsy 10 MRI and Active Surveillance 11 PET/CT and PET/MR Imaging Evaluation of Prostate Cancer 12 Teaching Atlas of Instructional and Interesting Cases

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Book SynopsisCardiac Imaging, Interventional Radiology, Musculoskeletal Radiology, Neuro Imaging, Thoracic Imaging, Pediatric Imaging, Gastrointestinal Imaging, Breast Imaging, Nuclear Medicine, Ultrasound Imaging, Head and Neck Imaging, Genitourinary Imaging Each RadCases title features 100 carefully selected, must-know cases documented with clear, high-quality radiographs. The organization provides maximum ease of use for self-assessment. Each case begins with the clinical presentation on the right-hand page; simply turn the page for imaging findings, differential diagnoses, the definitive diagnosis, essential facts, and more. Each RadCases title includes a scratch-off code that allows 12 months of access to a searchable online database of all 100 cases from the book plus an additional 150 cases in that book's specialty - 250 cases in total! Learn your cases, diagnose with confidence and pass your exams. RadCases. Interventional Radiology will enable you to diagnose the full range of vascular and nonvascular cases. Features of Interventional Radiology: Numerous high-resolution 3-D radiographs demonstrating the mechanics of the vascular system A variety of common and uncommon presentations covering everything from acute lower gastrointestinal bleeding to superficial femoral artery stenosis Examples of critical cases that must be diagnosed immediately - to avert potential disaster in daily practice and on exams - such as traumatic injury of the aorta Table of Contents100 Radiology Cases

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Book SynopsisSkull base anatomy is extremely complex, with vital neurovascular structures passing through multiple channels and foramina. Brain tumors such as pituitary tumors, acoustic neuromas, and meningiomas are challenging to treat due to their close proximity to cranial nerves and blood vessels in the brain, neck, and spinal cord. Medical imaging is an essential tool for identifying lesions and critical adjacent structures. Detecting and precisely mapping out the extent of disease is imperative for appropriate and optimal treatment planning and ultimately patient outcome. Eugene Yu and Reza Forghani have produced an exceptional, imaging-focused guide on various neoplastic diseases affecting the skull base, with contributions from a Who's Who of prominent radiologists, head and neck surgeons, neurosurgeons, and radiation oncologists. The content is presented in a clear and concise fashion with chapters organized anatomically. From the Anterior Cranial Fossa, Nasal Cavity, and Paranasal Sinuses - to the Petroclival and Lateral Skull Base, an overview and detailed analysis is provided for each region. Key Highlights Fundamentals of skull base imaging, including recent developments in diagnostic modalities More than 400 radiographs, color anatomical drawings, and color intraoperative photos elucidate the imaging appearances of a wide spectrum of disease affecting the skull base, as well as important anatomic variants and pathways of disease spread Clinically oriented imaging approach focuses on diagnostic and prognostic features important in the evaluation of skull base abnormalities Atlas of skull base CT and MRI anatomy provides an easy to access, quick reference for identifying important anatomic landmarks Insights on the pathways of tumor growth and the role of clinical imaging in the management of skull base cancers Critical and contrasting viewpoints from multidisciplinary experts provide a well-rounded perspective This invaluable resource chronicles current knowledge in state-of-the-art skull base tumor imaging with clinical pearls on pathophysiology, prognosis, and treatment options. It is a must-have for radiology, neurosurgery, and otolaryngology residents and clinicians who care for patients with head and neck neoplasms.Table of Contents1 Anterior Cranial Fossa, Nasal Cavity, and Paranasal Sinuses 2 Sellar, Parasellar, and Clival Region 3 Cerebellopontine Angle and Jugular Fossa 4 Petroclival and Lateral Skull Base 5 Open and Endoscopic Approaches to the Sinonasal Cavity and Skull Base 6 Posttreatment Appearance Following Skull Base Therapy 7 Neuroendovascular Procedures for Skull Base Neoplasia 8 Cross-Sectional Computed Tomography and Magnetic Resonance Imaging Atlas of the Skull Base

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Book SynopsisThe definitive work on the diagnosis and treatment of portal hypertension Previously published by the Society for Interventional Radiology (SIR), this fully revised and updated third edition of Portal Hypertension: Imaging, Diagnosis, and Endovascular Management is the first volume in collaboration between Thieme and the SIR. Edited by Wael Saad and written by internationally recognized experts, this authoritative volume is a comprehensive guide to the diagnosis and interventional management of portal hypertension. A potentially serious condition, portal hypertension presents considerable clinical challenges due to the delicate nature of the impacted organs, veins, and vessels. From pathophysiology to the latest state-of-the-art approaches, five major sections encompass diagnostic, medical, endoscopic, non-vascular, surgical, percutaneous, endovascular, and balloon-occluded methodologies, including indications, complications, and clinical trial results. Throughout this book's 33 chapters, a Who's Who of world-renowned interventional radiologists share clinical pearls and step-by-step procedural guidance. Several techniques have undergone significant advances since the second edition was published, including Transjugular Intrahepatic Portosystemic Shunt (TIPS), Balloon-Occluded Retrograde Transvenous Obliteration (BRTO), Balloon-Occluded Antegrade Transvenous Obliteration (BATO), and variations on TIPS, and all these are featured herein. Key Highlights Hepatic and portal venous anatomy relative to procedural approaches Nearly 250 figures elucidate anatomical structures and technical methodologies TIPS: patient selection, effects on kidney and liver function, hemodynamic changes, intravascular ultrasound guidance, Doppler surveillance, and utilization for Budd-Chiari Syndrome and liver transplantation TIPS clinical study outcomes for variceal bleeding, ascites, and hydrothorax BRTO and BATO techniques, clinical study outcomes, and utilization for gastric varices Management of mesenteric and portal vein stenosis, thrombosis, and hypersplenism This remarkable book is a must-have tool for interventional radiologists and for all those who care for patients with portal hypertension, from residents to practicing clinicians.Table of ContentsSection I Pathogenesis and Diagnosis Chapter 1 Pathophysiology and Classification of Liver Cirrhosis and Portal Hypertension Chapter 2 Clinical Presentation of Portal Hypertension Chapter 3 Noninvasive Cross-Sectional and Vascular Imaging of Portal Hypertension Chapter 4 Indirect Portal Pressure Measurement and Carbon Dioxide Wedged Hepatic Portography Chapter 5 Hemodynamic Evaluation of the Liver and Transjugular Liver Biopsy Section II Medical, Endoscopic, Percutaneous, and Surgical Management Chapter 6 Medical Management of Portal Hypertension Complications Chapter 7 Endoscopic Classification and Management of Varices Chapter 8 Paracentesis and the LeVeen and Denver Shunts Chapter 9 Surgical Management of Portal Hypertension Chapter 10 Percutaneous Management of Surgically Placed Portosystemic Shunts Section III Endovascular Management: Shunts and Splenic Embolization Chapter 11 Patient Selection and the Effect of Transjugular Intrahepatic Portosystemic Shunt on Liver and Kidney Function Chapter 12 Hepatic and Portal Venous Anatomy Relative to the Transjugular Intrahepatic Portosystemic Shunt Procedure Chapter 13 Technique for the Transjugular Intrahepatic Portosystemic Shunt Procedure Chapter 14 The Difficult Transjugular Portosystemic Shunt Procedure: Unconventional Techniques Chapter 15 The Intravascular Ultrasound–Guided Direct Intrahepatic Portacaval Shunt Chapter 16 Hemodynamic Changes Following the Transjugular Intrahepatic Portosystemic Shunt Chapter 17 Budd-Chiari Syndrome: Transjugular Intrahepatic Portosystemic Shunt and Hepatic Vein Recanalization Chapter 18 Transjugular Intrahepatic Portosystemic Shunt Reduction for Post-TIPS Hepatic Encephalopathy Chapter 19 Patency Outcomes of Transjugular Intrahepatic Portosystemic Shunts in the Stent-Graft Era Chapter 20 Doppler Surveillance of Transjugular Intrahepatic Portosystemic Shunts in the Stent-Graft Era Chapter 21 Transjugular Intrahepatic Shunts for Variceal Bleeding: Results of Clinical Studies Chapter 22 Transjugular Intrahepatic Portosystemic Shunts for Ascites and Hepatic Hydrothorax: Results of Clinical Studies Chapter 23 The Transjugular Intrahepatic Portosystemic Shunt as a Prelude to and After Liver Transplantation Chapter 24 Management of Mesenteric and Portal Vein Thrombosis in Nontransplanted Patients Chapter 25 Percutaneous Mesocaval Shunts Chapter 26 Splenic Artery Embolization for Management of Hypersplenism and Portal Hypertension Chapter 27 Pediatric Portal Interventions Section IV Percutaneous and Endovascular Management: Transvenous Obliteration Chapter 28 Vascular Anatomy and Classification Schema of Gastric Varices Relevant to Balloon-Occluded Retrograde Transvenous Obliteration Chapter 29 The Conventional Balloon-Occluded Retrograde Transvenous Obliteration Procedure Chapter 30 Balloon-Occluded Antegrade Transvenous Obliteration and Variations of Balloon-Occluded Retrograde Transvenous Obliteration in the Treatment of Gastric Varices Chapter 31 Clinical Outcomes of Balloon-Occluded Retrograde Transvenous Obliteration and Balloon-Occluded Antegrade Transvenous Obliteration Chapter 32 Management of Duodenal Varices Chapter 33 Management of Stomal Varices

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Book SynopsisComprehensively covers the rich spectrum of radiologic digestive disease interventions Greater understanding of gastrointestinal disease has resulted in an evolving array of minimally invasive and noninvasive techniques. Significant advances have maximized patient comfort, improved clinical outcomes, and minimized morbidity. Interventional radiologists are integral to the management of patients with a wide range of digestive disorders, often providing a critical or sole therapeutic option. The field has evolved from a procedure-based radiology subspecialty to a patient-based, clinical specialty working in concert with internists, gastroenterologists, oncologists, and surgeons. Digestive Disease Interventions edited by Baljendra Kapoor and Jonathan Lorenz fills an unmet need for a comprehensive resource covering interventional approaches. Throughout 30 succinct yet comprehensive chapters, top experts detail image-guided gastrointestinal interventions. A full spectrum of pathologies are encompassed — from benign refractory ascites and biliary strictures, to hepatocellular carcinoma, cholangiocarcinoma, pancreatic cancer, and more. Key Features Management and treatment of portal hypertension including disease knowledge, the use of shunts, and cutting-edge obliteration techniques Updates on recent advances and future directions such as obesity and bariatric embolization and islet cell transplantation State-of-the-art management of liver cancer: GI imaging, staging, ablation and embolization, liver transplants, and Y-90 Treatment of acute cholecystitis, cholelithiasis, and choledocholithiasis 640 high quality illustrations and halftones elucidate techniques This remarkable book is an invaluable resource for fellows, residents, and practitioners in the field of interventional radiology. It will also benefit other medical and surgical subspecialists who treat patients with digestive disorders. Table of Contents1 Intraprocedural Imaging and Navigational Tools in Digestive Disease Interventions 2 Imaging of Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage and Acute Mesenteric Ischemia 3 Portal Hypertension 4 Management of Complications of Portal Hypertension: Transjugular Intrahepatic Portosystemic Shunt (TIPS) 5 Management of Complications of Portal Hypertension: Special Considerations 6 Management of Complications of Portal Hypertension: Balloon-Occluded Retrograde Transvenous Obliteration, Plug-Assisted Retrograde Transvenous Obliteration, Coil-Assisted Retrograde Transvenous Obliteration, and Balloon-Assisted Antegrade Transvenous Obliteration 7 Nonvariceal Upper Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage 8 Transcatheter Management of Nonvariceal Lower Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage 9 Interventional Management of Benign Refractory Ascites 10 Mesenteric Ischemia 11 Benign Biliary Strictures 12 Malignant Obstructive Jaundice 13 Acute Cholecystitis, Cholelithiasis, and Choledocholithiasis 14 Imaging of Liver Tumors 15 Hepatocellular Carcinoma: Staging and Clinical Management 16 Management of Locally Advanced Hepatocellular Carcinoma 17 Management of Liver Metastases 18 Cholangiocarcinoma 19 Portal Vein Embolization 20 Ablation of Malignant Liver Tumors 21 Pancreatic Cancer 22 Embolization of Liver Tumors: Technical Challenges and Anatomic Considerations 23 Yttrium-90 Radioembolization of Malignant Liver Tumors 24 Liver Transplant Complications: Diagnosis and Management 25 Islet Cell Transplantation 26 Percutaneous Enteral Access 27 Image-Guided Colorectal Obstruction Management 28 Obesity and Bariatric Embolization 29 Intra-Abdominal Fluid Collections 30 Pediatric Gastrointestinal Interventions

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Book SynopsisTop Score for the Radiology Boards: Q & A for the Core and Certifying Exams is the ideal diagnostic radiology board prep resource. Written by radiologist Alan Weissman, with contributions from dozens of leading experts at renowned institutions, Top Score has a simple ambition: to improve your test scores. The book covers all exam categories, including non-interpretive skills (NIS), physics, safety, breast, cardiac, diagnostic radiology, gastrointestinal, genitourinary, interventional, musculoskeletal, neuroradiology, nuclear, pediatrics, thoracic, ultrasound/reproductive/endocrinology, vascular, and general radiology. Chapters are composed of four types of test cases of varying focus and complexity, each on a two-page spread. Essentials starts with a patient presentation, followed by board-type multiple-choice questions. Details begins with a case presentation, followed by 10 rapid-fire questions, enabling brisk, high-volume learning. Image Rich presents multiple images that require accurate identification, enabling accelerated, high-volume image assessment practice. More Challenging follows the same format as Essentials but adds a higher degree of difficulty. Key highlights High-quality, board-type Q&A with detailed answer explanations High yield "Top Tips" for each case Special radiology artifacts section Image Rich and Details sections aid in rapid and lasting topic mastery Comprehensive review, covering all sections tested by the American Board of Radiology Written by experienced, expert question writers NIS chapter emphasizes proficiency in vital practice-related skills This quintessential home-study guide will help radiology residents and fellows prep for and ace both the certifying and core exams.Table of ContentsSection I Breast Imaging Essentials Cases Details Cases Image-Rich Cases More Challenging Cases Section II Cardiac Imaging Essentials Cases Image-Rich Cases More Challenging Cases Section III Diagnostic Radiology Imaging Essentials Cases Details Cases Image-Rich Cases More Challenging Cases Section IV Gastrointestinal Imaging Essentials Cases Details Cases Image-Rich Cases More Challenging Cases Section V Genitourinary Imaging Essentials Cases Details Cases Image-Rich Cases More Challenging Cases Section VI Interventional Imaging Essentials Cases Section VII Musculoskeletal Imaging Essentials Cases Details Cases Image-Rich Cases More Challenging Cases Section VIII Neuroradiology Imaging Essentials Cases Details Cases Image-Rich Cases More Challenging Cases Section IX Nuclear Medicine Imaging Essentials Cases Details Cases Image-Rich Cases More Challenging Cases Section X Pediatric Imaging Essentials Cases Details Cases Image-Rich Cases More Challenging Cases Section XI Thoracic Imaging Essentials Cases Details Cases Image-Rich Cases More Challenging Cases Section XII Ultrasound/Reproductive/Endocrinology Imaging Essentials Cases Details Cases Image-Rich Cases More Challenging Cases Section XIII Vascular Imaging Essentials Cases Section XIV Physics Safety Essentials Cases Details Cases Image-Rich Cases More Challenging Cases Section XV Artifacts in Imaging Section XVI General Radiology Imaging Essentials Cases

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Book SynopsisA powerful spectrum of thoracic radiology cases and board-type Q&A review to help you pass your exam! This second edition of RadCases Thoracic Imaging from Carlos Restrepo and Steven Zangan presents 100 differential diagnoses covering the span of lung and thorax disease states, from common conditions such as pneumonia and ARDS to rare conditions like Mounier-Kuhn syndrome and DIPNECH. This edition includes important variations of prior cases, updated diagnostic and management strategies, and new pathological entities. Cases are strategically designed to simulate pathologies encountered in day-to-day practice, increase knowledge, and provide robust exam preparation. For maximum ease of self-assessment, each case begins with the clinical presentation on the right-hand page; study that and then turn the page for CT and chest radiograph findings, differential diagnoses with the definitive diagnosis, essential facts, pearls and pitfalls, and more. Key Features New to this edition, a question-and-answer section for each case reinforces key concepts Nearly 500 high quality figures with clear annotations and descriptions enhance understanding of underlying pathologies Easy-to-read bulleted formatting and concise, point-by-point presentation of the Essential Facts enables learning and retention of high-yield facts and skill-building in thoracic radiologic diagnosis Thieme's RadCases means cases selected to simulate what you will see on your exams, rounds, and rotations. RadCases helps you to identify the correct differential diagnosis for each case, including the most critical. The series comprehensively covers the following specialties: Breast Imaging · Cardiac Imaging · Emergency Imaging · Gastrointestinal Imaging · Genitourinary Imaging · Head and Neck Imaging · Interventional Radiology · Musculoskeletal Radiology · Neuro Imaging · Nuclear Medicine · Pediatric Imaging · Thoracic Imaging · Ultrasound Imaging This RadCases book comes with a code providing access to additional online cases: 100 in this book plus 250+ more cases and interactive Q&A. Master your cases, pass your exams, and diagnose with confidence: RadCases! This print book includes complimentary access to a digital copy on https://medone.thieme.com. Publisher's Note: Products purchased from Third Party sellers are not guaranteed by the publisher for quality, authenticity, or access to any online entitlements included with the product. Master your cases, pass your exams, and diagnose with confidence: RadCases! This print book includes complimentary access to a digital copy on https://medone.thieme.com. Publisher's Note: Products purchased from Third Party sellers are not guaranteed by the publisher for quality, authenticity, or access to any online entitlements included with the product.Table of Contents100 Radiology Cases

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Book SynopsisEssential gastroenterology cases and board-type Q&A review to help you pass your exam! RadCases Gastrointestinal Imaging Second Edition by Stephen Thomas and Jonathan Lorenz expands on the rich study experience that has been tried, tested, and popularized by radiology residents around the world. The new edition includes important variations on prior cases, updated diagnostic and management strategies, and new pathological entities. One hundred new, carefully selected GI cases are focused on helping radiology residents navigate and assimilate a daunting volume of digestive-related information. For maximum ease of self-assessment, each case begins with the clinical presentation on the right-hand page; study that and then turn the page for imaging findings, differential diagnoses with the definitive diagnosis, essential facts, pearls and pitfalls, and more. Key Highlights More than 550 high-resolution multimodality images, including computed tomography, MRI, fluoroscopic studies, positron emission tomography, and ultrasound, visually guide readers through the cases. New to this edition, a question-and-answer section for each case reinforces key concepts. Easy-to-read bulleted formatting and concise presentation of common and uncommon gastrointestinal tract diagnoses impacting the esophagus, stomach, liver, spleen, gallbladder, pancreas, intestines, appendix, and colon. Thieme's RadCases means cases selected to simulate what you will see on your exams, rounds, and rotations. RadCases helps you to identify the correct differential diagnosis for each case, including the most critical. The series comprehensively covers the following specialties: Breast Imaging · Cardiac Imaging · Emergency Imaging · Gastrointestinal Imaging · Genitourinary Imaging · Head and Neck Imaging · Interventional Radiology · Musculoskeletal Radiology · Neuro Imaging · Nuclear Medicine · Pediatric Imaging · Thoracic Imaging · Ultrasound Imaging This RadCases book comes with a code providing access to additional online cases: 100 from this book plus 250 more cases and interactive Q&A. Master your cases, pass your exams, and diagnose with confidence: RadCases! This print book includes complimentary access to a digital copy on https://medone.thieme.com. Publisher's Note: Products purchased from Third Party sellers are not guaranteed by the publisher for quality, authenticity, or access to any online entitlements included with the product.Table of Contents100 Radiology Cases

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Book SynopsisThe quintessential study prep for the gastrointestinal section on the ABR core exam Preparing for the American Board of Radiology core exam can be stressful and at times overwhelming, given the magnitude of current review material. The gastrointestinal imaging section is especially challenging because the examinee must be well acquainted with the aging modality of fluoroscopy, as well as much newer body MRI techniques. Gastrointestinal Imaging Q&A for the Radiology Boards by renowned educator and radiologist Humaira Chaudhry and esteemed colleagues Li-Hsiang Yen, Abdul-Kareem Beidas, and John C. Sabatino, presents 100 high-yield GI cases. The cases are organized in six sections: the liver, biliary system, pancreas, spleen, GI tract, and peritoneum that cover the most common pathologies, as well as more esoteric ones. Key Highlights Reflects first-hand experience from the primary author who has provided board review in gastrointestinal imaging to hundreds of residents throughout the country Covers all body imaging modalities including CT, MRI, radiographs, fluoroscopy, and ultrasound Each case is supplemented by multiple choice questions color-coded by easy, medium, and hard that challenge readers to assess different levels of knowledge and think beyond the diagnosis Detailed explanations of correct and incorrect answers enhance learning This high-yield study guide will provide radiology residents with a better understanding of gastrointestinal imaging and the knowledge to face the core exam with less trepidation. This print book includes complimentary access to a digital copy on https://medone.thieme.com.Table of ContentsChapter 1. Liver (Cases 1-20) Chapter 2. Biliary System (Cases 21-32) Chapter 3. Pancreas (Cases 33-45) Chapter 4. Spleen (Cases 46-55) Chapter 5. GI Tract (Cases 56-90) Chapter 6. Peritoneum (Cases 91-100)

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Book SynopsisThe quintessential case-based review to prep for and master ABR exams The American Board of Radiology Core, Certifying, and Neuroradiology Subspecialty Exams test an individual's knowledge and understanding of anatomy, pathophysiology, and physics concepts important in diagnostic imaging. For many residents, fellows, and practicing radiologists, preparation for these exams involves several months to years of reading text, interpreting images, and answering countless questions. Neuroradiology Q&A for the Radiology Boards, edited by neuroradiologist Michael Iv, features contributions from other academic neuroradiologists at Stanford University who are passionate about education and paying it forward. The primary goals of this book are to help current and future generations of radiologists ace the neuroradiology section of these exams and improve their clinical skills. The reader-friendly compilation of cases, questions, and answers reflects the invaluable insights of neuroradiologists who recently experienced the arduous journey of studying and sitting for the ABR exams. The book consists of a collection of 100 "standard difficulty" and "challenging" cases organized by the categories of brain, spine, and head and neck. A total 70 cases covering a wide range of brain conditions and diseases include 20 challenging cases. Spine and head and neck pathologies are represented by 15 cases each, both of which include 5 challenging cases. All of the cases illustrate specific pathologies and teaching points likely to be encountered on the exams and in the reading room. Key Features Cases encompass every area of neuroradiology and cover the full age spectrum Consistently formatted cases feature two or three high-yield images, followed by three multiple choice questions that assess comprehension of imaging diagnosis, histopathology, and management Detailed explanations for correct and incorrect answers enhance understanding and acquisition of knowledge This must-have study guide will help radiologists prepare for and ace the Core, Certifying, and/or Neuroradiology Subspecialty ABR exams and improve their clinical knowledge, which ultimately leads to improved patient care. This print book includes complimentary access to a digital copy on https://medone.thieme.com.Table of ContentsBrain Cases 1-50 Cases 51-70 (Challenge) Spine Cases 71-80 Cases 81-85 (Challenge) Head and Neck Cases 86-95 Cases 96-100 (Challenge) List of Cases

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Book SynopsisThis book, the second of two volumes dedicated to ethics in social networking and business, presents the future and changing paradigms related to ethics, and morality in our interconnected society. This volume analyzes advanced topics, including new technologies, transhumanism and uberization, to provide a more complex, shared and collective environment into why business ethics is essential for managing risks and uncertainties. The Ethics in Social Networking and Business series is the result of a cross-integration of real experiences (from IBM, society and the Rotary Club), transdisciplinary works in decision making, and advances at the boundaries of several scientific fields.Table of ContentsForeword xiii List of Acronyms xvii Introduction xxi Chapter 1 Evolution and Impact of Advanced Technologies on Humankind and Business 1 1.1 Introduction 1 1.2 Evolution of technologies 2 1.2.1 A challenge 5 1.3 The United Nations: concerns and recommendations 7 1.4 Evolution of production systems 10 1.4.1 Question: Innovation and usefulness 11 1.4.2 Question: Anticipation 12 1.4.3 Toward personification 13 1.5 Emergence of nanotechnologies 16 1.5.1 Characteristics of nanotechnologies 16 1.5.2 A paradigm change 17 1.5.3 Perspectives, prospective and comments 19 1.5.4 Questions of ethics: a new way of thinking 20 1.6 Development of biotechnologies 21 1.7 3D printing and the future of manufacturing 23 1.7.1 Impacts of innovation 23 1.7.2 Some applications of 3D printing 24 1.7.3 Basic questions of ethics 26 1.7.4 How to fulfill ethics with 3D printing? 27 1.8 The future: wedding of transdisciplinary technologies 29 1.9 New opportunities: precision and sustainability 30 1.9.1 Bio-wasting 31 1.9.2 Importance of the precision process 32 1.9.3 Application: oenology of “precision” and the sustainability 34 1.10 The current digitization strategy 35 1.11 Robotics, how and for which purpose? 37 1.12 Cognitive sciences, cognitivism 38 1.12.1 Weak artificial intelligence 39 1.12.2 Strong artificial intelligence 39 1.12.3 False artificial intelligence 41 1.13 NBIC: innovation business models 41 1.13.1 Vertical integration of the technological innovations 41 1.13.2 Horizontal integration of the technological innovations 42 1.13.3 Organization: the new business model 43 1.13.4 “Data is centric” 45 1.14 How to link ethics and innovation 48 1.14.1 Introduction 48 1.14.2 Some practices in innovation 49 1.14.3 Ethical frameworks for innovation 51 1.14.4 Conclusion on ethics and innovation 53 1.15 Conclusion 54 Chapter 2 Ethics and Transhumanism: Control using Robotics and Artificial Intelligence 57 2.1 Introduction to transhumanism 57 2.2 Ethics, robotics and artificial intelligence 58 2.2.1 Differences between computer, human brain, artificial intelligence and thinking 58 2.2.2 We cannot predict the future, as we are living in a complex system 60 2.2.3 People who fear risks are predicting reproducible robots 64 2.2.4 Ethics: why scientists are so worried 64 2.2.5 Ethics and safeguards in business 66 2.3 Ethics and robotics 67 2.3.1 Introduction 67 2.3.2 Some characteristics about the weapons sciences: intelligent robots and wars 68 2.4 Artilects 71 2.5 The world: a hybrid planet with robotics and living species 72 2.5.1 Application of the cobots 73 2.5.2 From the drone to the autonomous car 74 2.5.3 A necessary adaptation 76 2.6 Ethics and the elementary rules of Asimov in robotics 77 2.6.1 Ethics and sustainability 78 2.6.2 General comments 78 2.7 Conclusions and perspectives: the problems that could arise from robotics 79 Chapter 3 Ethics and the New Business and Labor Organizations 81 3.1 Preamble 81 3.2 The context: new BDIs of the population, new opportunities 83 3.3 Major changes in the shared and collaborative economy 84 3.4 Concepts: some definitions and recollections 85 3.4.1 The WTS is a modern market organization 85 3.4.2 Web-to-Virtual Store 86 3.4.3 Characteristics of the new ways of working 90 3.5 Key factors of the new economic models 91 3.5.1 Networking and the uberization of operations 92 3.5.2 Positive and negative impacts of uberization? 94 3.5.3 The problem of consumer–producer and producer–consumer 95 3.5.4 Underlying mechanisms: differences with the present economic systems 96 3.5.5 A social hypocrisy? 98 3.6 The P2P management rules 99 3.6.1 Ethics, liberalism and autonomy 100 3.7 Assignments of means and resources 101 3.8 Uber: a resources allocation problem 102 3.8.1 Ethics 103 3.8.2 Simplexification 104 3.8.3 Complexification: influence of the cognitive approaches 104 3.9 Business ethics: a resources allocation problem 106 3.9.1 Business ethics and goods assignment 107 3.9.2 Modeling ethics with utility theory 108 3.10 Ethics in the business: more perspectives 110 3.11 Ethics in Web-to-Virtual Store applications 111 3.11.1 Introduction 111 3.11.2 Ethics in the new transportation and moving opportunities 112 3.11.3 Four other ways Uber is ethically challenged 114 3.12 GIG economy: are the workers at Uber and Lyft happy? 116 3.13 The real price of innovation 118 3.13.1 Digitization 119 3.14 Conclusion 120 Chapter 4 Ethics and Social Networking 121 4.1 Preamble 121 4.2 Introduction: social networking 122 4.2.1 Main characteristics of social innovation 123 4.2.2 Consequences 125 4.3 Some basic social definitions and principles 127 4.3.1 Inclusion: the main principle of social networks 128 4.3.2 Inclusiveness and virtues 129 4.3.3 Principles of emergence 130 4.4 Emergence and reverse engineering 131 4.4.1 The paradigm change: principle of circularity 133 4.5 Moving beyond technology-based solutions to complexity 134 4.5.1 Changing our ways of thinking 134 4.5.2 Changing the operational context 135 4.5.3 Toward a new toolkit 138 4.5.4 Consequences 140 4.6 How to link ethics and social innovation 141 4.6.1 Introduction 141 4.6.2 Some practices in innovation 141 4.7 Ethical frameworks for innovation 144 4.7.1 Utilitarianism: the greatest good for the greatest number 144 4.7.2 Rights: an individual’s rights should not be violated 145 4.7.3 Enterprise: personal involvements 145 4.7.4 Conclusions 146 4.8 Collaboration and cooperation 147 4.8.1 Evolution: the development of cooperation and collaboration 147 4.8.2 Definitions of collaboration and cooperation 148 4.8.3 Main characteristics of collaboration and cooperation 148 4.8.4 Differences between cooperation and collaboration approaches 149 4.9 Comparison of the different modes of management 150 4.9.1 Implementation of the different modes of management 152 4.9.2 Required quality properties for an optimal management of “collective systems” 154 4.9.3 Methodologies and learning in cooperation–collaboration-based systems 155 4.9.4 Some specificities and ethical concerns 156 4.10 Ethics and mimicry: a natural approach to social networking 157 4.10.1 Artificial life and collective thinking science 159 4.10.2 Application: role of feedbacks in mimicry and ascendancy over the others 159 4.11 Conclusion 160 Chapter 5 Ethics: Misuses and Whistleblowing in Big Data and the Web 163 5.1 Introduction 163 5.2 Some statistics 164 5.3 Problematic situation 165 5.3.1 Data privacy and social networking 165 5.3.2 The root causes of data breach 167 5.3.3 The GDPR 168 5.3.4 Where did ethics begin, and is there good or bad ethics? 170 5.4 Accelerating factors 171 5.4.1 Consequences 173 5.5 Whistleblowing 174 5.5.1 Definition of a whistleblower 175 5.5.2 Two types of whistleblowing – same ethics? 176 5.5.3 Notions of ethics in the case of whistleblowing 177 5.5.4 Public support is growing for whistleblowers 178 5.6 Business ethics: elements of methodology and implementation 179 5.6.1 How to discuss new ethical issues in business? 181 5.7 Whistleblower policies and corporate governance 182 5.7.1 Lack of the above processes will erode ethics 184 5.7.2 Benefits of whistleblower policies and procedures 184 5.8 Conclusion 185 5.8.1 Useful links and further information 186 Chapter 6 The Underlying Mechanisms to Improve Ethics: Virtues, Laws and Cultures 187 6.1 Introduction 187 6.2 Examples of unethical behavior in the economy 189 6.2.1 Example 1: the climate, a common idea of “catastrophism” 189 6.2.2 Example 2: ethics and scientific advances 190 6.2.3 Example 3: ethics, risks and uncertainties in the economy 191 6.3 An exclusive or inclusive society: ethics and social relationships 194 6.3.1 Example 4: social relationships and the “inclusive society” 195 6.3.2 The challenge of aging in a company or in our society: proper ethics? 198 6.4 Better ethics? Some constitutive elements 201 6.4.1 Ethics and virtues: a reminder 201 6.4.2 Ethics, virtue and corporate culture in a company 204 6.5 Ethics and Christian culture 204 6.6 Ethics and the evaluation of a corporate culture: application to IBM 206 6.6.1 Consequence and aggregation of the concepts of ethics 209 6.6.2 Elements involved in a corporate ethics 209 6.7 Ethics and the Rotary culture 210 Chapter 7 Uses of Ethics: Between Virtue, Humanism and Illiteracy 213 7.1 Ethics: an attitude between responsibility and conviction 213 7.1.1 A reminder: evolution and the role of antagonisms 213 7.1.2 Notions of responsibility and conviction in ethics 213 7.2 Ethics: between the exact requirements and the intents of the letter and spirit of the law 214 7.2.1 Introduction 214 7.2.2 The letter and the spirit of the law 215 7.2.3 Ethics is not an ideology 219 7.2.4 Ethics: illiteracy, education and learning 220 7.2.5 The global situation of education and training in France 220 Chapter 8 Ethics, Temporality and Spirituality 227 8.1 Introduction: problematics 227 8.2 Truth: general characteristics of ethics and morals 228 8.3 Ethics and morale 231 8.3.1 Ethics: an open door to transcendence 232 8.3.2 Morality as a limited concept in the content of a law 232 8.3.3 Is there a divergence or contradiction between morale and ethics? 233 8.4 Ethics and spirituality 233 8.5 Application: ethics and bioethics 235 8.6 Ethics, spirituality, identity and religion 235 8.7 Synthesis: hierarchy of ethics concepts 238 8.8 Spirituality out of the religion framework 240 8.9 Beyond ethics: the contribution of religious fact to excluded people 240 8.10 Conclusion 241 Chapter 9 Ethics: Perspectives and the Future 243 9.1 Introduction 243 9.2 The crisis is still here 244 9.3 Post-modernism in detail: the story never ends 246 9.4 Consequences: worldwide governance and hyper-democracies 247 9.4.1 Application to a global governance 248 9.4.2 Ethics and worldwide governance 249 9.4.3 Evolution of hyper-collectivities or communities: impact on ethics 249 9.5 Business ethics: new trends and perspective 249 9.6 Ethics of consideration: a new concept 251 9.6.1 The problem 251 9.6.2 Generalization 252 9.7 Toward a more Sustainable Ethics 254 9.8 Ethics: evaluation and measurement 256 9.9 A future vision of networking and Business Ethics 258 9.10 Main conclusions 261 9.10.1 Ethics: difficulties and limits of present approaches Toward which future? 262 9.10.2 Some comments 263 Bibliography 265 Index 275

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Book SynopsisDespite years of research world-over, non-toxic and effective radiomodulators remain elusive. In recent years, there has been a shift towards the use of herbals, which are also apparently being viewed as sources of promising radiomodulatory drugs. This book discusses the potential of radiation countermeasure agents and radiosensitizers of herbal origin, their multifaceted mode of action, specifically the use of the former in a nuclear theatre of operations, rescue operations and deep space missions in addition to their application during radiotherapy.Table of Contents1: Radiomodulatory Compounds of Herbal Origin for New Frontiers in Medicine, Homeland Defence, Space and Management of Radiation Accidents 2: Indian Medicinal Herbs and Ayurvedic Formulations as Potential Radioprotectors 3: Irradiation, Radioprotection and Nigella sativa 4: Modulation of Radiation-induced Damage by Serbian Natural Plant Products: Implications for Radiation Protection 5: Phytoceuticals for Radioprotection with Special Reference to Egyptian Flora 6: Melatonin Mitigates the Damaging Effects of Ionizing Radiation 7: Radioprotective Effect of Citrus and Hawthorn Extracts against Genotoxicty induced by Gamma Irradiation 8: The Healing Potential of Indigenous Essential Oils from New Zealand in the Prevention and Management of Radiation-induced Mucositis 9: Piper betel Leaves : A Potential Gold Mine of Radioprotective and Photoprotective Compounds 10: Dietary Antioxidants and Phytochemicals in Radioprotection and Therapy 11: Effects of Berry Fruits on Neurocgnitive Deficits Produced by Exposure to Space Radiation 12: Diet as a Factor in Behavioural Radioprotection following Exposure to Heavy Particles 13: Radioprotection by the Soy Isoflavone Genistein 14: Propolis and Related Flavoniods as Radioprotective Agents 15: Radioprotective Effects of Ginko Bilboa via its Antioxidant Action 16: Novel Strategies for Protecting Mitchondria (The Cellular Powerhouse) against Low-LET Radiation 17: Andrographis paniculata: An Emerging Radioprotective Agent for Membrane Proteins 18: Mitigation of Deleterious Effects of Ionizing Radiation by Phytoceuticals: Mechanistic Stuides with Centella asiatica 19: The Radiosensitizing Effects of L-Canavanine 20: Withaferin A- A Phytoseroid of Promise for Tumour Sensitization in Cancer Therapy 21: The Radiosensitizer Hypercerin as Adjuvant Therapy in the Treatment of Central Nervous System Tumours 22: Radiosensitizing Activity of the Indian Medicinal Plant Tinospora cordifolia 23: Do Antioxidants Reduce the Efficacy of Radiotherapy?

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