Medical ethics and professional conduct Books

Book SynopsisTrusted for over 40 years for its authoritative account of medical law, this text provides the right balance between in-depth legal coverage and analysis of ethical issues.This classic textbook focuses on medical law and its relationship with medical practice and modern ethics. It provides thorough coverage of all topics found on medical law courses, and in-depth analysis of recent court decisions and legislation, encouraging students to think critically about this area of study. - Covers the whole field of modern ethical medical practice, making the book suitable for use on all undergraduate and postgraduate medical law courses- Clearly sets a diversity of views in ethical debates, and offers the authors'' own perspectives, encouraging students to explore and form their own opinions- Takes account of the influence of international policy and legal developments in shaping medical law in the UKNew to this edition: Two brand new chapters introduce students to concepts, theories, and toolTrade ReviewReview from previous edition This is the gold standard: authoritative, comprehensive, and the most readable account of a challenging subject. * Sarah Sivers, Robert Gordon University *This is the leading treatise in medical law: it preserves Mason and McCall Smith's ground-breaking work and distinct approach, while covering an impressive breadth of material. * Katherine Wade, University of Leicester *Table of Contents1: Introduction to bioethics 2: Critical frameworks in bioethics 3: Governance of the health system 4: Health and social care professionals 5: Health resource allocation 6: Health research and innovation 7: Public health 8: Consent to medical treatment 9: Children and consent to medical treatment 10: Mental health 11: Medical confidentiality and data protection 12: Clinical negligence 13: Organ donation for transplantation 14: The body as property 15: Contraception and pregnancy 16: Assisted conception 17: Withdrawal and withholding of medical treatment 18: Euthanasia and assisted suicide

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Book SynopsisThis book presents a new argument attacking the view that if the foetus has the moral standing of a person it has a right to life and abortion is impermissible. Most discussion of abortion has assumed that this premise is correct, and so has focused on the question of the personhood of the foetus. Frances Kamm, however, argues that abortion can be moral even if the foetus is indeed a person.Trade ReviewKamm is probably the most sophisticated deontologist writing on normative issues today ... Kamm's discussion is a major contribution to the literature. * Shelly Kagan, University of Illinois *

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Book SynopsisThis book constructs a virtue-based ethics for medicine and health care. Beginning with the problem of relating virtues to principles, the authors develop a theory that this linkage lies in the goals of medicine and the nature of medical practice as a moral community. Specific virtues such as trust, compassion, prudence, justice, courage, temperance, and self-effacement are discussed in separate chapters. The book ends by examining how a virtue-based ethic of medicine makes a difference in analysing problems like caring for the poor, research on human subjects, whether the medical virtues can be taught in professional training, and how a refurbished philosophy of medicine can enhance medicine and health care in the future.Trade Review...the book is impressive and important because it attempts to systematize the insights of virtue theory and medical ethics and to place these insights into the larger framework of moral philosophy. * Theoretical Medicine *This provocative and articulate study is a significant contribution to the literature. It should certainly be read by every serious physician and ethicist. * Richard M. Zaner, Vanderbilt University, Academic Medicine, Volume 69, Number 9, September 1994 *Pellegrino and Thomasma are arguably among the most influential authors now writing about the moral nature of physicianhood. * Jonathan B. Imber, Wellesley College, New England Journal of Medicine, July 1994 *The authors present an excellent introduction to current tides in bioethics ... An interesting, well-reasoned and well-written work with insight. Upper-division undergraduate through professional. * J.E. Allen, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Choice, Sep '94 *a lucid, thoughtful, and impressively organized description of the philosophical foundation of virtue-based ethics ... The Virtues in Medical Practice is a splendid book. It reads well; it is not pedantic; it is intellectually stimulating and morally refreshing; it expands our intellectual horizons; it illuminates our shortcomings and nourishes our capabilities without a trace of condescension or pontification. I urge every physician who has concerns about the moral climate of our troubled ethical scene to read this treatise. He or she will be comforted and educated by such an effort. * Bernard H. Adelson, JAMA, October 1994, Vol. 272, No.16 *The main message of the book is its call for the resuscitation of virtue and the restoration of the moral force of the medical community. * Joanna Pasek, Journal of Medical Ethics 1995, 21 *a book to be warmly recommended to all students of medical ethics and anyone else serially interested in the subject * Agneta Sutton, Ethics & Medicine 1995 11.2 *Table of ContentsPART I: Theory 1: Virtue Theory 2: The Link Between Virtues, Principles, Duties 3: Medicine as a Moral Community 4: The Ends of Medicine and its Virtues PART II: The Virtues in Medicine 5: Fidelity to Trust 6: Compassion 7: Phronesis: The Indispensable Virtue of Medicine 8: Justice 9: Fortitude 10: Temperance 11: Integrity 12: Self-Effacement PART III: The Practice of Virtue 13: How Does Virtue Make a Difference? 14: Can the Medical Virtues be Taught? 15: Postscript: An Integral Medical Ethics

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Book SynopsisThis timely and definitive book examines the nature, scope and proper place of the Nuremberg Code in medical research. Nuremberg has not only played a pivotal role in the ethics and law of human experimentation, it is also a seminal event in the history of codes of human ethics. This book analyses Nazi medicine and its role in setting the standards for human experimentation, and traces the role the Code has played in shaping research ethics and regulation from 1947 to the present.Trade Reviewfine collection of seventeen essays, written by prominent scholars in the field ... makes me appreciate the Nuremberg Code as a radical innovation in its time and as a milestone in the development of the consent doctrine in human experimentation ... renews my respect for the importance of institutional review boards as they struggle to implement the spirit of the Nuremberg Code by ensuring proper consent and protecting subects' welfare in today's research world. * Theoretical Medicine *This laudable collection of essays does much to dispel the confusion and put the whole episode in a proper perspective for those of us who need to know ... this volume of essays is well worth reading. * Claire Gilbert Foster, King's College, London, Journal of Medical Ethics, 1995, 21 *Table of Contents1: George J. Annas and Michael A. Grodin: Introduction and Overview Part I: The Nazi Doctors and the Medical Experiments 2: Robert Proctor, Ph.D.: Nazi Doctors, Racial Medicine and Human Experimentation 3: Christian Pross, M.D.: Nazi Doctors, German Medicine and the Fight for Historical Truth 4: Eva Mozes-Kor, B.S.: The Mengele Twins and Human Experimentation: A Personal Account Part II: The Doctor's Trial and the Nuremberg Code 5: Telford Taylor, LL.B., LL.D.: Opening Statement of the Prosecution 6: Judgement and Aftermath 7: Michael A. Grodin, M.D.: Historical Origins of the Nuremberg Code Part III: The Role of Codes in International and U.S. Law 8: The Nuremberg Code Revisited: An International Overview, Sharon Perley, B.A., et al. 9: Robert Drinan S.J., J.D.: The War Crimes Trials: The Nuremberg Principles as Human Rights Protection in International Law 10: Leonard H. Glantz, J.D.: The Influence of the Nuremberg Code on United States Statutes and Regulations 11: George J. Annas, J.D., M.P.H.: The Nuremberg Code in the United States Courts: Ethics Vs. Expediency Part IV: The Nuremberg Code: Ethics and Modern Medical Research 12: Jay Katz, M.D.: The Consent Principles of the Nuremberg Code: Its Significance for Then and Now 13: Ruth Machlin, Ph.D.: Universality of the Nuremberg Code: Are Ethics Relative to Time and Geography? 14: Arthur Caplan, Ph.D.: No Comparison: The Doctor's Trial and Analogies to the Holocaust in Contemporary Bioethics Debates 15: Marcia Angell, M.D.: Editorial Responsibility: Protecting Human Rights by Restricting Publication of Unethical Research 16: Wendy K. Mariner, J.D., M.P.H.: Contemporary Therapeutic AIDS Research and the Legacy of the Nuremberg Code Conclusion 17: George J. Annas, J.D., M.P.H. and Michael A. Grodin, M.D.: Where do We Go From Here?

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Book SynopsisOne of the most challenging tasks facing clinicians today is the assessment of patients'' capacities to consent to treatment. The protection of a patient''s right to decide, as well as the protection of incompetent patients from the potential harm of the decisions they might make, rests largely on clinicians'' abilities to judge patients'' capacities to decide what treatment they will receive.Confusing laws and complex ethical questions surrounding competence to consent to treatment have made the process of competence assessment intimidating for many clinicians. Health professionals - physicians, medical students nad residents, nurses, and mental health practitioners - have long needed a consice guidebook that translates the issue for practice. This is what this book accomplishes. The aurthors describe the place of competence in the doctrine of informed consent and show how assessments of competence to consent to treatment can be structured by using a specific set of general medical anTrade Review"A clinical masterpiece. Drs. Grisso and Appelbaum have written a practical, clinical gude to assessing an individual's competence to consent to treatment. Their scholarly reviews and focused clinical vignettes make this volume an essential element of all physicians' personal libraries."--Thomas N. Wise, M.D., Chairman, Department of Psychiatry, Georgetown University "...an insanely competent exercise in logic and clarity."--The Journal of Clinical Research Best Practices "Every few decade comes a book so influential that the history of the entire field is divided into 'before' and 'after'. Assessing Competence to Consent to Treatment is such a book: a clinical, legal, and scientific accomplishment so complete that it will be the odd reader who does not turn the final page and think, 'this is what scholarship should be.' A staggering accomplishment!"--John Monahan, Ph.D., Doherty Professor of Law, University of Virginia "Those who teach about informed consent, as well as those who consult on this issue, routinely turn to the works of Paul Appelbaum and Tom Grisso for guidance. Their previous academic work in this field has been excellent and this new volume is no exception....The emphasis in this book is on the clinical aspects of informed consent. The chapters are structured with helpful guidance in dealing with the dilemmas that often arise when competence is assessed....This book represents yet another significant contribution by Grisso and Appelbaum to the field of law and medicine. More importantly, and most successfully, it is a useful clinical volume that should be readily available to all consultation clinicians."--Psychosomatics "...a well-elaborated and thorough description of the subsequent steps that have to be taken to minimize the risk of neglecting important aspects in this complicated procedure. Therefore this book is essential for physicians and clinical psychologists working with cognitively impaired patients."--Medicine, Health Care and Philosophy "A clinical masterpiece. Drs. Grisso and Appelbaum have written a practical, clinical guide to assessing an individual's competence to consent to treatment. Their scholarly reviews and focused clinical vignettes make this volume an essential element of all physicians' personal libraries."--Thomas N. Wise, M.D., Chairman, Department of Psychiatry, Georgetown University "Every few decade comes a book so influential that the history of the entire field is divided into 'before' and 'after'. Assessing Competence to Consent to Treatment is such a book: a clinical, legal, and scientific accomplishment so complete that it will be the odd reader who does not turn the final page and think, 'this is what scholarship should be.' A staggering accomplishment!"--John Monahan, Ph.D., Doherty Professor of Law, University of Virginia "This is a very practical and useful book for any clinician who provides treatment to patients for whom competence to consent is an issue. It is quite user-friendly, with convenient chapter summaries and many illustrative clinical vignettes."--Doody's Journal Noted in Annals of Internal Medicine "In daily practice, it is physicians who frequently determine whether patients lack decision-making capacity. Assessing Competence to Consent to Treatment is a concise, lucid, wise, and practical book on how to do so....This book provides extremely useful guidance."--The New England Journal of Medicine "This book will appeal to anyone who has ever struggled with difficult decisions on the treatment of individuals who are dubiously competent to consent. Using frequent and relevant clinical examples, the authors, who are acknowledged experts in biomedical ethics, explore the concepts on which competency to consent is founded."--Annals of the Royal College of Physicians and Surgeons of Canada "Once in a great while comes a book that is of major significance in a professional field. This relatively small book is one of those seminal works. The authors, both nationally known figures in the field of law and mental health, present a very practical guide, written in a clear, concise, and useful manner, to assessing patients' competency to consent to treatment....Together, they have accomplished a tour de force in the field of psychiatry and law."--Psychiatric Services "Grisso and Appelbaum have given us a complete and concise description of the law, theoretical considerations, and an operational model for determining competency to consent to treatment . . . . This work is truly a guide for the assessment of competence to consent to treatment. Anyone who develops an understanding of what is written here will be competent to determine this type of competency. Even those who think they know how to do it can benefit from reading this book. It's like a brief refresher course and highly recommended." The Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease "This book, written by two authors who have written extensively about the topic of health care decision-making and issues of capacity/competence, provides an in-depth history and delineation of the process of informed consent." -- Louise Schmitt, PhD, Clinical Gerontologist "The authors, using superb clinical vignettes, flesh out the use of these elements, discussing them in the context of the demainds of the situation. This is the subject of the first half of the book: an even-handed and lucid discussion of the anatomy and physiology of the consent process. The second half is a data-based application of these principles. The utility of the instrument lies in the validity of the underlying concepts. The ease of administration, the reliability of an assessment protocol, and the fact of making a record. From a preventive risk-management point of view, such information is gold." -- The Journal of Psychiatry and Law, 28/Summer 2000 "It would be hard to find greater authorities internationally on this topic than Thomas Grisso and Paul S. Appelbaum of the Department of Psychiatry, University of Massachusetts. Their book Assessing Competence to Consent to Treatment: A Guide for Physicians and Other Health Professionals provides all you could possibly want to know about the principle of consent to treatment and what is required to be able to give valid consent.""Where Grisso and Appelbaum are ground-breaking is it in their introduction of a structured clinical instructment to assess capacity.""This book provides the most comprehensive examination of the topic available and more than enough preparation to cope with the increased importance of this clinical topic."--Journal of Forensic PsychiatryTable of Contents1. Why Competence is Important - The Doctrine of Informed Concent ; 2. Thinking About Competence ; 3. Abilities Related to Competence ; 4. When Patients' Decision Making Should be Assessed ; 5. Assessing Patients' Capacities to Consent to Treatment ; 6. Using the MacArthur Competence Assessment Tool - Treatment ; 7. Making Judgements About Patients' Competence ; 8. Substitute Decision-Making

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Book SynopsisWhy is death bad for us, even on the assumption that it involves the absence of experience? Whom should we save from death if we cannot save everyone? Kamm considers these questions, critically examining some answers other philosophers have given.Trade ReviewThis is an intellectually challenging work which raises and discusses issues which should be widely debated, not only by specialists but by the public at large. * Journal of the Institute of Health Education *Kamm is probably the most sophisticated deontologist writing on normative issues today. * Shelley Kagan, University of Illinois *

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Book SynopsisKamm explores questions of life and death as illustrations of general issues in moral theory. Resuming her development of non- consequentialist ethical theory and its application to practical ethical problems, she explores the distinction between killing and letting die, between harming and not aiding, and between intending and foreseeing harm.Trade Review"Kamm's book is a brilliant and powerful defense of the deontological perspective concerning the morality of killing. It is arguably the most impressive book-length treatment of substantive ethics since Derek Parfit's Reasons and Persons was published over a decade ago...[H]er painstakingly meticulous case method yields a wealth of important insights."--Ethics"...an impressive display of Francis Kamm's talent for discerning hard-to-see but morally salient differences between apparently similar cases. This, in conjunction with its several theoretical innovations, make the book well worth reading."--The Philosophical Review

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Book SynopsisOver the last several decades, bioethicists have championed a bewildering variety of methods for understanding and resolving difficult ethical problems in medicine, including: principlism, wide reflective equilibrium, casuistry, feminism, virtue theory, narrative, and others. Much of this advocacy overlooks the limitations of the favored method, and also neglects the strengths found in alternative approaches.Tom Tomlinson systematically uncovers and evaluates both the strengths and limits of a variety of ethical tools, and in so doing develops a comprehensive appreciation of the roles that various methods can play in deepening our understanding of ethical problems in medicine, and in supporting well-grounded judgments about what to do. He critically evaluates each method to identify both limits and advantages, which he then illustrates through discussion of specific cases and controversies. Tomlinson not only demonstrates that there is no single method adequate to the task, but tries tTrade ReviewNo other bioethics book so adroitly combines methodological survey with critical synthesis as this one does... This book should be regarded as mandatory reading for all serious students of medical ethics. * Doody's Notes, Jan 2013 *Table of ContentsIntroduction ; Chapter 1: The Indispensability of Principles ; Chapter 2: The Limits of Principles ; Chapter 3: Putting Principles in Context: Balancing, Specification and Reflective Equilibrium ; Chapter 4: Casuistry: Ruled by Cases ; Chapter 5: Narrative Ethics: The Uses of Stories ; Chapter 6: Feminism, Context and Care ; Chapter 7: Virtue Theory ; Chapter 8: Fitting Methods to Cases

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Book SynopsisWhat is it like to be sued for medical malpractice? Bad medical outcomes traumatize patients but they also traumatize physicians. The litigation that often follows is a profoundly human, rather than just a legal experience. Although every physician''s case is different, this book shows how each case goes through the same judicial stages of complaint, discovery, depositions, motions, and delays that lead to trial, settlement, or being dropped. It also gives doctors an understanding of how lawyers think and work to help defendants. Written by a physician and a lawyer, the book provides unique insights - through real-life stories - into the personal experience of litigation as well as recommendations for dealing with each of the legal process. It also includes up-to-date reviews of HIPAA legislation, the controversial subject of disclosure, and recent developments in the law affecting medical practitioners. Only about thirty percent of plaintiffs win their cases against doctors, but the jTrade Review"This book is the ultimate resoruce for physicians facing litigation...excellent case histories."--Doody's Book Review Service "The book educates physicians about the legal steps they can expect and provides information on how lawyers think and work to help defendants. The book also covers the controversial topic of disclosure."--ACOG Clinical Review "This book is a prime example of a book about which many will say. 'I wish I read this book before!' It is well written, thoughtful, and full of practical advice."--Annals of Clinical Psychiatry "The sentinel work on the management of litigation stress, Charles and Frisch's Physician's Guide: Adverse Events, Stress and Litigation teaches that in certain predisposed physicians, such as those with preexisting trauma or depression, severe or prolonged stress reactions to litigation are more likely...seems more complete, better balanced, and more immediately useful to physicians experiencing litigation stress."--JAMA "This book is the ultimate resource for physicians facing litigation...excellent case histories."--Doody's Book Review Service "The book educates physicians about the legal steps they can expect and provides information on how lawyers think and work to help defendants. The book also covers the controversial topic of disclosure."--ACOG Clinical Review "This book is a prime example of a book about which many will say. 'I wish I read this book before!' It is well written, thoughtful, and full of practical advice."--Annals of Clinical Psychiatry "The sentinel work on the management of litigation stress, Charles and Frisch's Physician's Guide: Adverse Events, Stress and Litigation teaches that in certain predisposed physicians, such as those with preexisting trauma or depression, severe or prolonged stress reactions to litigation are more likely...seems more complete, better balanced, and more immediately useful to physicians experiencing litigation stress."--JAMATable of ContentsPROLOGUE - FOUR DAYS IN THE NINETIES ; GLOSSARY

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Book SynopsisAll persons, while different from one another, have the same value: this is the author''s relatively uncontroversial starting point. Her end point is no uncontroversial: an ideal of justice as human flourishing, based on each person''s unique set of capabilities. Because the book''s focus is women''s health care, gender justice, a necessary component of justice, is central to examination of the issues. Classical pragmatists and feminist standpoint theorists are enlisted in support of a strategy by which gender justice is promoted.Two features of the book are unique: (1) the topics presented cover the entire life span of women, not just those related to reproduction; (2) a range of views about moral status are applied not only to fetuses but also to individuals already born. Attention to these features is intended to facilitate ethical consistency or moral integrity and respect for those who hold different moral views.While delineating and defending the book''s perspective, the first section provides an overview of bioethics, critiques prevalent approaches to bioethics and models of the physician-patient relationship, and sketches distinguishing aspects of women''s health care that are prevalently neglected. Positions about moral status are also present.The second section identifies topics that are indirectly as well as directly related to women''s health, such as domestic violence and caregiving. Brief cases illustrate variables relevant to each topic. Empirical and theoretical considerations follow each set of cases; these are intended to precipitate more expansive and critical examination of the issues raised.The last section is devoted to an egalitarian ideal that may be pursued through an ethic of virtue or supererogation rather than obligation. By embracing this ideal, according to the author, moral agents support a more demanding level of morality than guidelines or laws require.Trade Reviewone of the nice aspects of this book is the extensive body cases that Mahowald employs. While other works in medical ethics tend to either present an abundance of cases without any analysis or a small number of cases with extensive analysis, this book succeeds in giving us a text that achieves both a wide range of cases and analyses sufficient to stimulte thoughtful discussion. * Leah McClimans, Ethical Theory and Moral Practice *Mahowald succeeds in presenting a diverse series of bioethical issues relating to women's health. Her analysis is often sophisticated and original. * Medical Health Care and Philosophy journal *her [Mahodwald's] ethics stand as a postmodern ideal * Michele Pridmore-Brown, TLS01/06/07 *This is a well-written, thought-provoking book and a welcome addition to any library. * Doody's Notes *Table of ContentsPART ONE: A BIOETHICS FOR WOMEN; PART TWO: TOPICS, ISSUES, AND CASES; PART THREE: AN EGALITARIAN IDEAL

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Book SynopsisEthics in Mental Health Research explores how ethical issues arise in mental health research and offers guidance to researchers who seek to comply with regulations while conducting research that is both ethical and scientifically credible. Case studies used throughout illustrate a variety of ethical issues and effective problem-solving strategies.Trade ReviewThis compendium of resources is a landmark contribution to the mental health field. * Joseph G. Ponterotto, PsycCritiques, Vol 53, Release 40 *This outstanding book on mental health research ethics certainly will become obligatory reading for anyone contemplating research on mental illness as well as anyone responsible for the ethical and regulatory review of such research. * Doody's Notes *Table of ContentsIntroduction: Why Focus on Mental Health Research? ; 1. Ethics and Regulatory Compliance: Competing or Complementary Approaches? ; 2. An Ethical Framework for Research ; 3. Solving Ethical Problems: Analyzing Ethics Cases and Justifying Decisions Case Study: Willowbrook Revisited ; 4. Informed Consent Case Study: Withholding information on study purpose ; 5. Decision-Making Capacity and the Involvement of Surrogates Case Study: Questionable capacity Case Study: Waiving parental permission ; 6. Thinking about Harms and Benefits Case Study: A study of suicidality with at-risk teens ; 7. Justice in Recruitment and Research Case Study: Reimbursing participants for their time in a psychotherapy trial Case Study: Biological studies of aggressive behavior in preteens ; 8. Research Questions and Study Design Case Study: The ethics of placebo controls ; 9. Protecting Privacy and Confidentiality Case Study: Confidentiality and mandatory reporting ; 10. Identifying and Managing Conflicts of Interest Case Study: Multiple illustrative vignettes

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Book SynopsisThis text focuses on areas of public health practice in which the systematic application of epidemiologic methods can have a large and positive impact. It describes how best to apply traditional epidemiologic methods for determining disease etiology to real-life problems in public health and health services research. Brownson and Petitti''s much-needed book bridges the gap between theoretical epidemiology and public health practice, and covers a number of topics not addressed by other epidemiology texts with a focus on methods. This second edition contains a new chapter on the development and use of systematic reviews and one on epidemiology and the law. Each chapter includes one or more case studies intended to illustrate major points from the chapter and to provide a basis for teaching exercises. All of the chapters are authored by leading experts in the fields of epidemiology and public health, and all are fully revised and updated.Trade Review"A distinguished all-American multi-author offering...Excellent chapters on Public Health Surveillance, Outbreak and Cluster Investigation, and Epidemiologic Issues in Community Interventions."--Public Health "A distinguished all-American multi-author offering...Excellent chapters on Public Health Surveillance, Outbreak and Cluster Investigation, and Epidemiologic Issues in Community Interventions."--Public HealthTable of Contents1. Epidemiology: A Foundation of Public Health ; 2. Public Health Surveillance ; 3. Outbreak and Cluster Investigations ; 4. Systematic Reviews in Public Health ; 5. Epidemiology and Risk Assessment ; 6. Epidemiologic Issues in Community Intervention ; 7. Outcomes Research ; 8. Measuring the Quality of Health Care ; 9. Epidemiology and Health Policy ; 10. Epidemiology and the Law ; 11. Communicating Epidemiologic Information

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Book SynopsisThis is a comprehensive resource of original essays by leading thinkers exploring the newly emerging inter-disciplinary field of the philosophy of psychiatry. The contributors aim to define this exciting field and to highlight the philosophical assumptions and issues that underlie psychiatric theory and practice, the category of mental disorder, and rationales for its social, clinical and legal treatment.As a branch of medicine and a healing practice, psychiatry relies on presuppositions that are deeply and unavoidably philosophical. Conceptions of rationality, personhood and autonomy frame our understanding and treatment of mental disorder. Philosophical questions of evidence, reality, truth, science, and values give meaning to each of the social institutions and practices concerned with mental health care. The psyche, the mind and its relation to the body, subjectivity and consciousness, personal identity and character, thought, will, memory, and emotions are equally the stuff of traTrade Review"The publication of this book is a major event in the ongoing development of the field....a significant accomplishment...it simultaneously represents, announces, and consolidates the arrival of an exciting new field."--Metapsychology Online Book Reviews"Highly recommended."--ChoiceTable of ContentsPART I - PSYCHOPATHOLOGY AND NORMALCY ; PART 2 - EPISTEMOLOGY OF PRACTICE ; PART 3 - NORMS, VALUES AND ETHICS ; PART 4 - THEORETICAL MODELS ; PART 5 - CIRCUMSCRIBING MENTAL DISORDER

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Book SynopsisThe central idea behind this book is that we lack consensus on principles for allocating medical resources, and in the absence of such a consensus we must develop and rely on a fair decision-making process for setting limits on health care. The authors provide an analysis of the current situation, reviewing typical solutions, before describing their own approach. The audience for the book is global since the problem of limited resources cuts across all types of health care systems whether or not they have universal coverage.In its first edition Setting Limits Fairly stimulated considerable work on setting priorities in health care. The second edition includes a new chapter on the international response to accountability for reasonableness and two new chapters on applications of the approach in developing countries and in human rights approaches to health.Trade Review"A valuable addition to the discourse on health policy making."--Doody'sTable of Contents1. Our Lives in Whose Hands ; 2. Justice, Scarcity, and Public Accountability for Limits ; 3. The Legitimacy Problem and Fair Process ; 4. Accountability for Reasonableness ; 5. Managing Last-Chance Therapies ; 6. Lung Volume Reduction Surgery: A Case Study ; 7. Making Pharmacy Benefits Accountable for Reasonableness ; 8. Indirect Limit Setting: Accountability for Physician Incentives ; 9. Accountability for Reasonableness in Action: Public Sector Mental Health Care Contracting ; 10. An International Learning Curve ; 11. Learning to Share Medical Resources ; 12. Revisiting the International Learning Curve ; 13. Developing Country Applications of Accountability for Reasonableness ; 14. New Uses for Accountability for Reasonableness ; Conclusion: What Next?

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Book SynopsisSo You Want to Be a Scientist offers readers a glimpse into the job of being a research scientist. It is not intended to be a step-by-step how to book. Rather, it is intended to fill a hole in the education of most would-be scientists, addressing explicitly many issues that are rarely addressed directly in training programs. Starting with thoughts about how to decide whether you''d want to pursue such a career (and if so, how to get started), the book works through some of the obvious topics relevant to a research profession (e.g. how to write a paper, give a talk, construct a grant proposal). It also examines less obvious, but equally important topics that are generally incorporated into a research education only by trial and error-e.g., thinking like a scientist, negotiating scientific politics, dealing with research ethics, and understanding social interactions. Chapters on the challenges and rewards of a career in research science include reflections on science as art and on the soTrade Review"There are too few good books about the positives and negatives of research careers in science, books aimed at young people who need to make choices in high school or college or even in graduate school. Philip A. Schwartzkroin, a neurosurgeon who specializes in epilepsy research, has written such a book. His book has something for everyone from high school through graduate school. His focus is a career in research, and nearly everything he says is equally applicable to careers in all the basic and applied sciences. It's a readable book, and I cannot imagine anyone interested in a career in science not finding it enormously useful."--Dan Agin, as reviewed in The Huffington Post "The author is a professor in the Department of Neurological Surgery at the University of California, Davis. Here, he offers 'an invaluable glimpse into the day-to-day life of the researcher' and gives advice on deciding 'whether you'd want to pursue such a career (and, if so, how to get started.'"--As featured in the "What's New in Sciences books section of Scibook.org and Science Book News "If you're a confused college student, still grasping for some direction in your life, you may have considered a career in research at some point. It's a little daunting to think about, being such a broad field, but Philip Schwartzkroin's helpful book, So You Want to Be a Scientist? makes it surprisingly navigable. Schwartzkroin has obviously experienced what students are going through; his clear and entertaining narrative outlines the whole process, from applying to grad school to working in a faculty position. He explains the challenges and opportunities students will encounter at every step of the journey, and provides advice and encouragement along the way."--As reviewed in The Observer, the student newspaper of Case Western University So You Want to Be a Scientist?...is intended as an introduction to the job of a research scientist. The intended audience is a student in college or high school who is contemplating such a career. However, even graduate students and post-doctoral fellows may also benefit from the perspective of a highly successful scientist who has trained and mentored many people...Dr. Schwartzkroin offers many insights and suggestions and discusses issues that, although obvious to most researchers, many young students may not have contemplated or even be aware of....While it is only a single person's viewpoint, the book is unbiased and general enough to be useful to almost anyone contemplating or starting a career as a research scientist. Readers will find this book useful for focusing their own thoughts and perceptions about research, and, hopefully, helping them to make some decisions regarding their personal path."--Saurabh R. Sinha, MD, PhD, as reviewed in Epilepsy & Behavior "...a crisp new book that should be on the reading list for all young scientists, Philip Schwartzkroin, a Professor of Neuroscience at the University of California Davis, rolls up his sleeves and quickly dispenses with this fairy tale notion of science in which the lone genius dreams up brilliant ideas that change the world. He lays bare the challenges that young scientists will face and the compromises that they may have to make...That the author can engage in these discussions without detracting from the big, beautiful ideas that draw people into science in the first place is a testament to his skill as a writer and mentor...We live in a time of enormous potential for scientific research, but which often feels plagued by a raging epidemic of angst about science as a career. Schwartzkroin's book, combined with a deeper appreciation of the extended value of a PhD, could be a much-needed antidote."--Reviewed by John E. Spiro in Nature NeuroscienceTable of ContentsIntroduction ; 1. Getting Started ; 2. Career Choices and Laboratory Nitty-Gritty ; 3. How to Think like a Scientist ; 4. How to Write a Scientific Paper ; 5. Giving Presentations and Talks ; 6. How to Compose/Submit Grant Applications ; 7. The Politics of Science ; 8. Ethical Conduct of Research ; 9. Scientific Research as a Creative Enterprise ; 10. The Role of the Scientist in Society ; 11. Personal Challenges ; 12. Rewards and Riches

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Book SynopsisPrinciples of Biomedical Ethics, sixth edition, the highly original and now classic biomedical ethics text, focuses on four principles at the core of moral reasoning in health care - respect for autonomy, nonmaleficence, beneficence, and justice - using real-life examples and vivid scenarios.

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Book SynopsisCurrently and for centuries past, sickness has been understood to be primarily the physical result of bodily disease. Yet this definition of illness is out-of-date and untrue to life at a time when chronic illness and the problems of disability and aging are increasingly common. When persons are sick, it pervades their whole being. The Nature of Healing is based on a different definition of sickness, one that recognizes persons as sick when they cannot achieve their goals and purposes because of impairments of function, ranging from the molecular to the spiritual, which they believe to fall under the scope of medicine. Such impairments may result from disease, but certainly not all.As the sick person has increasingly become the focus of medicine, there have been repeated but mostly failed attempts to achieve both technological and humanistic goals in caring for patients. This approach is flawed because there is only one ultimate goal -- the well-being of the patient. Whether it involveTrade ReviewIt will make you think and reflect * IAHPC News *...Eric Cassell has been one of medicine's foremost thinkers about suffering. The Nature of Healing is full of insightfully presented and sometimes moving case histories that help Cassell make a case that practitioners need to hear patients' stories so they can understand them enough to help them move toward healing. * Christian Century *Cassell is a great listener and a natural storyteller. I hope that he will write a third volume in which he develops those stories more fully. * John D. Lantos, The Hastings Center *The Nature of Healing: The Modern Practice of Medicine offers effective and strategic ways to practice patient-centered medicine. [It] offers readers specific ways to reconsider the negative effects of reductionism in medicine, which can manifest as a distancing between clinician and patient as a patient disconnects from the world in descent into illness. * Adrianne Vincent, Journal of Palliative Medicine *Table of ContentsChapter 1 Sickness ; Chapter 2 The Person, Sick or Well ; Chapter 3 Functioning ; Chapter 4 What is Healing? ; Chapter 5 Listening: The Foundation of the Healing Relationship of Patient and Clinician ; Chapter 6 The Evaluation of the Patient ; Chapter 7 Knowing the Patient ; Chapter 8 The Patient's Reaction to Illness ; Chapter 9 The State of Illness ; Chapter 10 Healing the Sick Patient ; Chapter 11 Healing the Suffering Patient ; Chapter 12 Respect for Persons and Autonomy ; Chapter 13 Purposes, Goals, and Well-Being

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Book SynopsisA physician says I have an ethical obligation never to cause the death of a patient, another responds, My ethical obligation is to relieve pain even if the patient dies. The current argument over the role of physicians in assisting patients to die constantly refers to the ethical duties of the profession. References to the Hippocratic Oath are often heard. Many modern problems, from assisted suicide to accessible health care, raise questions about the traditional ethics of medicine and the medical profession. However, few know what the traditional ethics are and how they came into being. This book provides a brief tour of the complex story of medical ethics evolved over centuries in both Western and Eastern culture. It sets this story in the social and cultural contexts in which the work of healing was practised and suggest that, behing the many different perceptions about the ethical duties of physicians, certain themes appear constantly, and may be relevant to modern debates. The booTrade Review"This historical analysis highlights ways in which the reflections on the role of character, moral obligations, and the relationship between the individual and the community (which stimulates contemporary bioethics) have a history that reaches deep into the past and across cultural boundaries...An important resource for a discipline just beginning to discover its historical roots."--Choice "Albert Jonsen, a distiguished theoretician and practitioner of bioethics, has written what is essentially a prehisotry of the field...A Short History of Medical Ethics is a scholarly prologue to the evolving world of contemporary bioethics...Not surprisingly, A Short History of Medical Ethics is at least as useful for what it tells us about earlier societies as it is for what it tells us about bioethics."--New England Journal of Medicine "This historical analysis highlights ways in which the reflections on the role of character, moral obligations, and the relationship between the individual and the community (which stimulates contemporary bioethics) have a history that reaches deep into the past and across cultural boundaries...An important resource for a discipline just beginning to discover its historical roots."--Choice "As Jonsen shows, the history of medical ethics is not short, despite the title of his book. In about one hundred and twenty pages he tells the story of over two thousand years of moral discourse about medicine, covering traditions in both the East and West. Jonsen's tour through time and cultures highlights particular events and persons, and shows that even though there are some cultural differences, common themes coalesce in a long tradition of the ethics of medicine."--Philosophy in ReviewTable of ContentsINTRODUCTION: THE LONG TRADITION OF ETHICS IN MEDICINE

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Table of ContentsIntroduction ; I.Bioethics and Human Rights ; 1.Bioethics and Bioterrorism ; 2.Human Rights and Health ; 3.The Man on the Moon ; 4.The Endangered Human ; 5.The Right to Health ; 6.Capital Punishment ; II.Bioethics and Health Law ; 7.Conjoined Twins ; 8.Patient Rights ; 9.White Coat Police ; 10.Partial Birth Abortion ; 11.The Shadowlands ; 12.Waste and Longing

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Book SynopsisRespect for patient autonomy and data privacy are generally accepted as foundational western bioethical values. Nonetheless, as our society embraces expanding forms of personal and health monitoring, particularly in the context of an aging population and the increasing prevalence of chronic diseases, questions abound about how artificial intelligence (AI) may change the way we define or understand what it means to live a free and healthy life. Who should have access to our health and recreational data and for what purpose? How can we find a balance between users'' physical safety and their autonomy? Should we allow individuals to forgo continuous health monitoring, even if such monitoring may minimize injury risks and confer health and societal benefits? Would being continuously watched by connected devices ironically render patients more isolated and their data more exposed than ever?Drawing on different use cases of AI health monitoring, this book explores the socio-relational contexTrade ReviewAI-enabled home health monitoring, care delivery and health apps are transforming healthcare. Using the lens of relational autonomy theory, Anita Ho carefully assesses both the potential benefits of these technologies and the ethical challenges they raise for users' autonomy. She demonstrates the importance of situating AI health technologies in a wider socio-relational context, and argues that to truly enhance users' autonomy, these technologies should complement, rather than replace the therapeutic relationship. Timely, informative and thoroughly researched, Ho's book makes an important contribution to contemporary debates about AI and healthcare. * Catriona Mackenzie, Philosophy *Anita Ho parts the fog of technological determinism with moral clarity. Her deeply informed analysis explains the structuring power of AI health monitoring, leading to new understanding of what's at stake for all of us. Live Like Nobody Is Watching is essential reading in graduate programs -- including all health sciences. * Clara Berridge, School of Social Work, University of Washington *Table of ContentsAbbreviations Acknowledgments Preface Introduction Chapter 1: Artificial Autonomy or Relational Intelligence: How Relationality Matters in Health Monitoring Chapter 2: Independent Living With(out) Privacy: AI Home Health Monitoring Chapter 3: Artificial Doctoring: The Case of Direct-to-Consumer Health Monitoring Chapter 4: A Digital Pill to Swallow: AI Monitoring for Medication Adherence and Therapeutic Relationship Chapter 5: From One-Way Mirror to Two-Way Street: Realigning Goals and Practices of AI Health Monitoring Prologue Bibliography Index

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Book SynopsisBioethicist Mark Navin and policy scholar Katie Attwell explore the evolution of American childhood vaccination policy through the prism of political history, contemporary parenthood, and diverse governance strategies. America''s New Vaccine Wars focuses on the origins and the outcomes of America''s recent efforts to eliminate nonmedical exemptions to school and daycare vaccine mandates. These policy developments have increased immunization rates, but they have also ignited polarizing, nationwide debates about parents'' rights, democracy, and the authority of the government to use coercion to promote health. This book explores the meaning of these battles for parents, doctors, the politics of public health, and the future of bioethics.Navin and Attwell ground the book with a case study of California''s efforts to exclude unvaccinated children from school and daycare following the Disneyland Measles Outbreak of 2014. The authors use original interviews with key policymakers and activistTrade ReviewAmerica's New Vaccine Wars is a timely and important addition to the literature on vaccination policy. Navin and Attwell provide a comprehensive overview of the events leading up to California's elimination of non-medical exemptions to school vaccination requirements and what has happened since that time, along with a nuanced discussion of the legal and ethical issues surrounding vaccination requirements and vaccine policy. The interdisciplinary approach- history, law, ethics, philosophy, psychology, politics- enhances our understanding of the complex issues related to vaccine policy. This book should be required reading for those interested in and involved with the ethical and policy issues surrounding vaccination. * Douglas S. Diekema, University of Washington School of Medicine *Meticulously researched and carefully argued, America's New Vaccine Wars grapples with some of the most complex and urgent public policy issues of our time: the relationship between the people and their government, trust in medical and scientific authority, and what we all owe to each other in the name of public health. Navin and Attwell's nuanced account resists easy explanations and provides clear guidance for policy makers. This is a superb case study of the political, legal, and ethical dimensions of public health. * James Colgrove, Columbia Mailman School of Public Health *This book nicely blends sociological, historical, and philosophical considerations in an overarching account of vaccine mandates in California. However, the issues raised here are relevant to political and sociological reflection on vaccine mandates more broadly. Discussing vaccination policy after the COVID-19 pandemic will require the kind of interdisciplinarity and depth of analysis of which this book is a perfect example. * Alberto Giubilini, University of Oxford *Table of ContentsKey Dates Preface Chapter One: Introduction Chapter Two: The Mandates & Exemptions Regime Chapter Three: Last Tweaks Chapter Four: Mobilizing for the Nonmedical Exemptions Bill Chapter Five: Social Meaning and Political Conflict Chapter Six: Drawing the Wrong Lessons from the History Of Mandates Chapter Seven: Powerful Doctors and Underfunded Public Health Chapter Eight: The Ethics and Public Acceptability of Mandates Chapter Nine: Policy Limitations and America's Institutions Chapter Ten: Conclusion: Confronting Dystopia Acknowledgments Bibliography Index

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Book SynopsisWhy do American Black people generally have worse health than American White people? To answer this question, Black Health dispels any notion that Black people have inferior bodies that are inherently susceptible to disease. This is simply false racial science used to justify White supremacy and Black inferiority. A genuine investigation into the status of Black people''s health requires us to acknowledge that race has always been a powerful social category that gives access to the resources we need for health and wellbeing to some people, while withholding them from other people. Systemic racism, oppression, and White supremacy in American institutions have largely been the perpetrators of differing social power and access to resources for Black people. It is these systemic inequities that create the social conditions needed for poor health outcomes for Black people to persist. An examination of social inequities reveals that is no accident that Black people have poorer health than WhTrade ReviewBioethics has not always engaged directly the serious ethical problems regarding health and health care disparities along racialized and gender lines. Dr. Ray tackles these issues head on. She does so in a manner that is accessible and straightforward while raising what is ethically and professionally at stake. I recommend that all of us working in this area read this book. * Patrick T. Smith *Black Health is a monumental contribution to bioethics and contemporary race theory that illuminates the role health disparities have in the maintenance of anti-Black racism. Carefully attending to the consequences of illness and loss, Black Health is a clarion call urging bioethicists and clinicians to attend to the sickness created by racism and the indifference shown towards Black life by the medical community at large. * Tommy J. Curry *Dr. Ray brilliantly amplifies the lived experiences of Black individuals and patients to call attention to long-standing health and health care inequities driven by structural and systemic forces. This timely and humanizing book clearly demonstrates why current and future health care professionals should care about social and structural determinants of health. * Faith E. Fletcher *Black Health is a call for bioethics to concern itself with histories and futures alike. Ray strikes a balance between a realistic telling of history -a history that's laden with blatant racism, at that-and a call for hope. If the field reckons with the widespread anti-Blackness that pervades it, a better bioethics is possible. * Bioethics Today *Table of ContentsPreface Introduction: What is Black Health? Chapter 1: Why are Hospital Births Unsafe for Black People? Chapter 2: Who Believes Our Pain? Chapter 3: Is Cardiovascular Disease A Part of the Black Experience? Chapter 4: Does Where We Sleep Matter? Acknowledgements Index

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Book SynopsisMary Anne Warren explores a theoretical question which lies at the heart of practical ethics: what are the criteria for having moral status? In other words, what are the criteria for being an entity towards which people have moral obligations? Some philosophers maintain that there is one intrinsic property--for instance, life, sentience, humanity, or moral agency. Others believe that relational properties, such as belonging to a human community, are more important. In Part I of the book, Warren argues that no single property can serve as the sole criterion for moral status; instead, life, sentience, moral agency, and social and biotic relationships are all relevant, each in a different way. She presents seven basic principles, each focusing on a property that can, in combination with others, legitimately affect an agent''s moral obligations towards entities of a given type. In Part II, these principles are applied in an examination of three controversial ethical issues: voluntary euthaTrade ReviewThis book is well written, synoptic in its coverage of existing theories of moral status, and most useful for a beginning Contemporary Moral Problems or Medical Ethics class. * Ethics *The logic of the application of the principles she sets forth is clear. Her theory should prompt discussion and help clarify the concept of moral status. Her multicriterial approach for determining moral status has the potential to assist in the struggle to handle the complex moral issues prevalent today.Mary Anne Warren's enterprise, to delineate "obligations to persons and other living things" is potentially fruitful, and of considerable importance. * Mary Warnock, Times Higher Education Supplement *This is a thought-provoking book with much to recommend it. * Liam Clarke, Nursing Ethics *This book is ambitious in the ground it covers, attempting to discuss a number of theories of "moral status", and offer one of its own. It has much in it to interest people concerned about health care (particularly the discussions of euthanasia and abortion), as well as those interested in animal rights and environmental issues. * Journal of Medical Ethics *Table of ContentsPART I: AN ACCOUNT OF MORAL STATUS. 1. THE CONCEPT OF MORAL STATUS; 2. REVERENCE FOR LIFE; 3. SENTIENCE AND THE UTILITARIAN CALCULUS; 4. PERSONHOOD AND MORAL RIGHTS; 5. THE RELEVANCE OF RELATIONSHIPS; 6. A MULTI-CRITERIAL ANALYSIS OF MORAL STATUS. PART II: SELECTED APPLICATIONS. 7. APPLYING THE PRINCIPLES; 8. EUTHANASIA AND THE MORAL STATUS OF HUMAN BEINGS; 9. ABORTION AND HUMAN RIGHTS; 10. ANIMAL RIGHTS AND HUMAN LIMITATIONS; 11. CONCLUSION. BIBLIOGRAPHY; INDEX.

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Recent advances in the brain sciences have dramatically improved our understanding of brain function. As we find out more and more about what makes us tick, we must stop and consider the ethical implications of this new found knowledge. Will having a new biology of the brain through imaging make us less responsible for our behavior and lose our free will? Should certain brain scan studies be disallowed on the basis of moral grounds? Why is the media so interested in reporting results of brain imaging studies? What ethical lessons from the past can best inform the future of brain imaging?These compelling questions and many more are tackled by a distinguished group of contributors to this volume on neuroethics. The wide range of disciplinary backgrounds that the authors represent, from neuroscience, bioethics and philosophy, to law, social and health care policy, education, religion and film, allow for profoundly insightful and provocative answers to these questions, and open up the door

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Book SynopsisTransplantation is a medically successful and cost-effective way to treat people whose organs have failed--but not enough organs are available to meet demand. Ethics and the Acquisition of Organs is concerned with the major ethical problems raised by policies for acquiring organs. The main topics are the rights of the dead, the role of the family, opt in and opt out systems, the conscription of organs, living organ donation from adults and children, directed donation and priority for donors, and the sale of organs.In this ground-breaking work, T. M. Wilkinson uses concepts from moral and political theory such as autonomy, rights, posthumous interests, justice, and well-being, in a context informed by the clinical, legal, and policy aspects of transplantation. The result is a rigorous philosophical exploration of real problems and options. He argues that the ethics of acquiring organs for transplantation is not only of great intellectual interest, but also of practical importance. As suTrade ReviewBut Wilkinson's book is a good example of work in applied ethics which takes seriously the need to apply philosophical thinking to closely observed context, being well-informed of relevant scientific and medical facts, laws, policies, and just as importantly, giving extremely useful details on how practice often diverges from official policy. There should be more philosophical work like this. * Mind *Throughout the book, Wilkinson argues strongly for an ethics based on personal sovereignty. However, his clear analysis and criticism of competing ethical arguments gives the reader an excellent overview of the issues, whether or not one agrees with all of Wilkinson's conclusions. * J. B. Hagen, CHOICE *A robust and highly useful volume, working through many of the issues which get raised ... but seldom are offered the necessary time and attention ... This is what Wilkinson does with skill, critical engagement and coherency, bringing together different strands of thought and perspectives ... The result is an freeiring and intellectually rigorous text ... For me it was one of those books which, once I had finished reading it, I wanted to start reading it again in order to improve my understanding of the book's material and imbibe its many salient points ... I see this book as being an excellent resource not only for those studying in the field of applied ethics and bioethics but also those coming at the issues from the legal perspective, policymakers, clinicians, and lobby groups interested in transplantation. * BioCentre *Table of Contents1. INTRODUCTION ; 2. TRANSPLANTATION AND RIGHTS OVER OUR BODIES ; 3. THE POSSIBILITY OF POSTHUMOUS HARM ; 4. THE MORAL CLAIMS OF THE DEAD ; 5. THE DEAD AND THEIR FAMILIES ; 6. CONSENT AND UNCERTAINTY ABOUT THE WISHES OF THE DEAD ; 7. CONSCRIPTION ; 8. LIVING DONOR ORGAN TRANSPLANTATION ; 9. IMPARTIALITY, ACQUISITION, AND ALLOCATION ; 10. ORGANS AND MONEY ; Bibliography ; Index

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Book SynopsisThis volume explores the ethics of making or expanding families through adoption or technologically assisted reproduction. For many people, these methods are separate and distinct: they can choose either adoption or assisted reproduction. But for others, these options blend together. For example, in some jurisdictions, the path of assisted reproduction for same-sex couples is complicated by the need for the partner who is not genetically related to the resulting child to adopt this child if she wants to become the child''s legal parent. The essays in this volume critically examine moral choices to pursue adoption, assisted reproduction, or both, and highlight the social norms that can distort decision-making. Among these norms are those that favour people having biologically related children (''bionormativity'') or that privilege a traditional understanding of family as a heterosexual unit with one or more children where both parents are the genetic, biological, legal, and social parenTrade Review`Anyone grappling with such questions must immediately welcome this impressively comprehensive collection of essays, artfully edited by Françoise Baylis and Carolyn McLeod. Indeed, anyone who shares at least one of these interests, personally or professionally, will appreciate the volume's breadth of insight. The editors set out to canvas the moral terrain of nontraditional family making, or family making through adoption and/or assisted reproductive technology (ART). And they have brought together papers that shed important light on the various contemporary ethical challenges that couples and individuals face depending on the manner in which they choose to welcome children into their lives.' Vida Panitch, International Journal of Feminist Approaches to BioethicsTable of ContentsFAMILIES: OF PARENTS AND CHILDREN 15; BIONORMATIVITY: PHILOSOPHICAL AND EMPIRICAL PERSPECTIVES; BECOMING A PARENT: PERSONAL CHOICES; BECOMING A PARENT: STATE INTERESTS; SPECIAL RESPONSIBILITIES OF PARENTS; CONTESTED PRACTICES

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Book SynopsisA case-based approach that provides the advice and skills medical practitioners need to help patients and overcome ethical challengesNow in its fourth edition, Doing Right offers healthcare trainees and practitioners alike a comprehensive, user-friendly guide to contemporary biomedical ethics. Taking an applied case-based approach, this engaging text explores complex ethical issues through real-life scenarios, making it relatable to all types of healthcare professionals.Trade ReviewSo what remains for me here is overall to recommend this book as a fine introductory book on bioethics, and to join the authors in calling for what they designate as 'critical rationalism: the ability to stand back from one's beliefs, to be self-aware, to be mindful, to admit one might be wrong, and to learn from one's errors' (p. 359).I will certainly assign this book to my students. * Zohar Lederman, Rambam Medical Campus, Haifa, Israel, Bioethics *From 3/e: "Doing Right is the clearest, most complete, and functional articulation of the ethical landscape of modern Canadian medical practice. There is no other textbook presently available that does what this book does so well." * Ken Kirkwood, Western University *The reading style is very engaging and concise-far more palatable than some theoretically dense texts. The liberal use of case studies underscores the relevance to daily practice-something that medical students find very appealing." * Stacy Ackroyd-Stolarz, Dalhousie University *Table of ContentsCases Preface Acknowledgments 1. Ethics Matters I. Great Expectations: Healthcare Professionals and Ethics II. Four Ethical Principles and Questions II. The Principles and Ethical Reasoning in Medicine IV. Beyond Principles V. The Hidden Curriculum VI. Overcoming Obstacles to Ethics 2. Broadening the Horizon: What Law and Ethics Say I. What the Law Says II. What Ethics Says: Virtue, Rules, and Consequences in Medicine III. Expanding the Horizons of Ethics IV. Professional Ethics 3. Managing Medical Morality I. Managing Ethical Dilemmas II. Really Hard Choices Are Not Always About Ethics III. "Doing Right": A Process For Managing Ethical Choice IV. The Ethics Process in a Little More Detail V. Applying the Ethics Process 4. The Times Are Changing: Autonomy and Patient-Based Care I. The Autonomy Principle II. Autonomy as the Patient's Preference III. The Case of Ms. Malette and Dr. Shulman IV. Choices: The Good, the Bad, and the Ugly 5. Reasonable Persons: The Legal Roots of Informed Consent I. Medical Consent II. Informed Consent: A Brief Legal History III. Informed Consent: The Canadian Context IV. The Significance of Reibl v. Hughes: The Modified Objective Standard 6. Informed Choice and Truthtelling: The Centrality of Truth and Trust I. Disclosure and Truthtelling II. The Elements of Informed Choice III. Consent as Trust IV. Other Special Circumstances V. Special Circumstances and Limits on Truthtelling 7. Keeping Secrets: Confidentiality and Privacy in the Electronic Age I. Confidentiality and Privacy II. Privacy, Confidentiality, and Trust III. New Risks to Privacy IV. Limits to Confidentiality V. To Warn and to Protect 8. The Waning and Waxing Self: Capacity and Incapacity in Medical Care I. Incapacity and its Discontents II. Assessing Capacity III. Capacity and Consent IV. Treating and Protecting the Vulnerable V. Substitute and Assisted Decision-Making VI. Mental Illness and the Right to Refuse VII. Children's Right to Refuse 9. Helping and Not Harming: Beneficence and Non-Maleficence I. The Principles of Beneficence and Nonmaleficence II. A Duty to Attend? III. Risks to the Professional IV. Endangering One's Self V. Parental Refusals of Treatment VI. Parental Requests for Treatment 10. Conduct Becoming: Medical Professionalism I. Maintaining the Connection II. A New Professionalism III. Conflicts of Interest IV. Professionals and Industry V. Boundaries Large and Small VI. Fitness to Practise Medicine 11. The End of Forgetting: Ethical and Professional Issues with Social Media I. Friends, Boundaries, and Privacy in the Age of Social Media II. The Personal and the Private III. Patients Using Social Media IV. Photographs and Patient Privacy V. Internet Etiquette and Telling Others' Stories 12. The Error of Our Ways: Managing Medical Error I. Medical Error II. Error and Being Responsive to Patients III. How to Disclose Error IV. Apologies V. Large-Scale Adverse Events 13. Beyond the Patient: Doing Justice to Justice I. Justice in Everyday Medicine II. A System of Mmutual Recognition III. Distributive Justice IV. Squeezing the Balloon V. Guidelines and Rationing VI. Justice for All? 14. Labour Pains: Ethics and New Life I. Birthing and Reproductive Choice II. Termination and Choice III. The New Age of Reproduction IV. Desperately Seeking Stem Cells 15. A Dark Wood: End-of-Life Decisions I. Allowing Death: Refusals by Patients II. Competent Cecisions, Living Wills, and Advance Directives III. Decisions to Withhold or Withdraw Life-Sustaining Treatment IV. Persistent Vegetative States and Prognostic Error V. Unilateral Decisions Regarding Life-Sustaining Treatment VI. Palliative Sedation 16. Medical Assistance in Dying: The Triumph of Autonomy I. Assisted Death: Terminology and Other Jurisdictions II. Medically-Assisted Death in Canada: A Brief History III. Legislating Medical Assistance in Dying: Bill C-14 IV. MAID: Minors, Advance Requests, and Mental Illness V. MAID and Issues of Conscience 17. Nature and Culture: Of Genes and Memes I. All in the Genome? II. Cultural Connections III. Worlds Apart? IV. Culture and Defying Death V. Transcending Culture 18. The Ethical Regulation of Research I. Medicine's Legacy II. The Purpose of Research III. Consent for Research IV. The Tissue Issue V. Some Questions and Answers Regarding Research Conclusion: Setting our Sights References Index

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Book SynopsisHealthcare ethics has been dominated by the voices of professionals. This book listens to the voices of patients and argues that patients' perceptions should form the core ethical obligations and insights for "good care." This is the ethical meaning of "patient-centered care."Trade ReviewThis is a good resource to highlight the patient perspective for clinicians. The authors allow patient stories to be told with little interruption, preserving an authentic patient voice, and still carry out an effective discussion and analysis of the contributions that these perspectives make to the ethics of healthcare. * Doody's Notes *Table of ContentsIntroduction ; 1. Being a Patient and Living a Life ; 2. Clinical Space and Traits of Healing ; 3. False Starts and Frequent Failures ; 4. Three Journeys ; A. "Ibuprofen and Love" ; B. "Staying Tuned Up" ; C. "We All Want the Same Things" ; 5. Being a Patient: The Moral Field ; 6. Rethinking Healthcare Ethics: The Patient's Moral Authority ; Appendix ; Notes

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Book SynopsisThe Law and Ethics of Medicine: Essays on the Inviolability of Human Life explains the principle of the inviolability of human life and its continuing relevance to English law governing aspects of medical practice at the beginning and end of life.The book shows that the principle, though widely recognized as an historic and foundational principle of the common law, has been misunderstood in the legal academy, at the Bar and on the Bench. Part I of the book identifies the confusion and clarifies the principle, distinguishing it from ''vitalism'' on the one hand and a ''qualitative'' evaluation of human life on the other. Part II addresses legal aspects of the beginning of life, including the history of the law against abortion and its relevance to the ongoing abortion debate in the US; the law relating to the ''morning after'' pill; and the legal status of the human embryo in vitro. Part III addresses legal aspects of the end of life, including the euthanasia debate; the withdrawal of tube-feeding from patients in a ''persistent vegetative state''; and the duty to provide palliative treatment.This unique collection of essays offers a much-needed clarification of a cardinal legal and ethical principle and should be of interest to lawyers, bioethicists, and healthcare professionals (whether they subscribe to the principle or not) in all common law jurisdictions and beyond.Trade ReviewJohn Keowns excellent book The Law and Ethics of Medicine is primarily the work of a lawyer and is written with lawyers and judges in mind; yet few books on the law of medicine are as conversant in important topics of contemporary ethics, especially questions of double effect, the nature of the human act, and the value of human life. * Christopher Tolle fsen, Journal of Moral Philosophy *If you only have one book on your shelf about medical law, this should be it. * Christopher Kaczor, The Public Discourse *[Keown's] attention to detail and clarity of thought are admirable, but he writes in a moderate and reasoned tone and in a manner easily understood whether you are a health care professional, lawyer, politician or just an interested member of the public. The Law and Ethics of Medicine is no exception and is recommended to anyone involved in the discussions about physician-assisted death and perhaps to those thinking about better strategies for advancing palliative care. * Roger Woodruff, IAHPC News *This recent volume by John Keown is a bijou of consistency and rationality. Based on the study of numerous legal documents and cases, it fuses passion with rigor, depth with simplicity, complexity with clarity....Keown offers to his readers an excellent tool and resource to think in-depth about one of th emost significant issues of nowadays: the value of human life. * Marina Casini, Medicine, Health Care & Philosophy *[A] helpful resource. The Law and Ethics of Medicine... is not designed primarily to persuade, but rather to clarify. Keown's project is to clear away obstructions that have gathered around the keystone principle of the inviolability of human life, so that the thing itself comes into view. In this, Keown succeeds. * Adam J MacLeod, Adelaide Law Review *Table of ContentsPART I: (MIS)UNDERSTANDING THE INVIOLABILITY OF LIFE ; 1. The 'Sanctity of Life', 'Best Interests', and 'Autonomy': An Overview ; 2. Surveying the Foundations of Medical Law: A Reassessment of Glanville Williams's The Sanctity of Life and the Criminal Law ; 3. Sir Ian Kennedy and the Value of Life: Building on Glanville Williams's Shaky Foundations? ; 4. Restoring the Inviolability of Life and Replacing the Caricature ; PART II: THE BEGINNING OF LIFE ; 5. Back to the Future of Abortion Law: Roe's Rejection of America's History and Legal Traditions ; 6. 'Morning After' Pills, 'Miscarriage', and Muddle ; 7. The Scope of the Offense of Child Destruction ; 8. The Human Embryo In Vitro: Person, Chattel or Dolphin? ; PART III: THE END(ING) OF LIFE ; 9. The Euthanasia Debate in the House of Lords ; 10. Towards Euthanasia in Europe? Marty, Pretty, and Purdy ; 11. Palliative Care: An Ethical and Legal Duty? ; 12. Restoring Moral and Intellectual Shape to the Law after Bland

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Book SynopsisTo what extent should we use technology to try to make better human beings? Because of the remarkable advances in biomedical science, we must now find an answer to this question. Human enhancement aims to increase human capacities above normal levels. Many forms of human enhancement are already in use. Many students and academics take cognition enhancing drugs to get a competitive edge. Some top athletes boost their performance with legal and illegal substances. Many an office worker begins each day with a dose of caffeine. This is only the beginning. As science and technology advance further, it will become increasingly possible to enhance basic human capacities to increase or modulate cognition, mood, personality, and physical performance, and to control the biological processes underlying normal aging. Some have suggested that such advances would take us beyond the bounds of human nature. These trends, and these dramatic prospects, raise profound ethical questions. They have generatTrade ReviewReview from previous edition An excellent discussion by leading bioethicists of the issues raised by human enhancement. It would be excellent for use in classes devoted to spending at least a few weeks on enhancement, either at the upper-level undergraduate or graduate level. * Robert Streiffer, Notre Dame Philosophical Reviews *Human Enhancement gives a thorough and authoritative overview of the current state of this rapidly evolving field. * Greg Bognar, Mind *Table of ContentsPART I - HUMAN ENHANCEMENT IN GENERAL; PART II SPECIFIC ENHANCEMENTS; PART III- ENHANCEMENT AS A PRACTICAL CHALLENGE

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Book SynopsisBiotechnologies already on the horizon will enable us to be smarter, have better memories, be stronger and quicker, have more stamina, live longer, be more resistant to diseases, and enjoy richer emotional lives. To some of us, these prospects are heartening; to others, they are dreadful. In Beyond Humanity a leading philosopher offers a powerful and controversial exploration of urgent ethical issues concerning human enhancement. These raise enduring questions about what it is to be human, about individuality, about our relationship to nature, and about what sort of society we should strive to have. Allen E. Buchanan urges that the debate about enhancement needs to be informed by a proper understanding of evolutionary biology, which has discredited the simplistic conceptions of human nature used by many opponents of enhancement. He argues that there are powerful reasons for us to embark on the enhancement enterprise, and no objections to enhancement that are sufficient to outweigh themTrade ReviewWhether or not the benefits are worth the risks, Buchanan's thought-provoking work deserves careful consideration. * Rev. Ezra Sullivan, National Catholic Bioethics Quarterly *Table of Contents1. The Landscape of the Enhancement Debate ; 2. Enhancement and Human Development Enhancement and Human Development ; 3. Character ; 4. Human Nature and the Natural ; 5. Conservatism and Enhancement ; 6. Unintended Bad Consequences ; 7. Moral Status and Enhancement ; 8. Distributive Justice and the Diffusion of Innovations

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Book SynopsisThe Oxford Textbook of Clinical Research Ethics is the first comprehensive and systematic reference on clinical research ethics. Under the editorship of experts from the U.S. National Institutes of Health of the United States, the book''s 73 chapters offer a wide-ranging and systematic examination of all aspects of research with human beings.Considering the historical triumphs of research as well as its tragedies, the textbook provides a framework for analyzing the ethical aspects of research studies with human beings. Through both conceptual analysis and systematic reviews of empirical data, the contributors examine issues ranging from scientific validity, fair subject selection, risk benefit ratio, independent review, and informed consent to focused consideration of international research ethics, conflicts of interests, and other aspects of responsible conduct of research.The editors of The Oxford Textbook of Clinical Research Ethics offer a work that critically assesses and advancesTrade Review"The Oxford Textbook of Clinical Research Ethics is the most comprehensive work on this broad topic to date. It sets a high bar for clinical research writing of any kind and, for that matter, textbooks of any kind...It presents thoughtful analyses of each topic by authorities in the field." --The Journal of Clinical Research Best Practices "Overall, the authors have achieved their goals--comprehensiveness, systematic analysis and wide ranging and international perspectives--providing a valuable resource for all those interested and involved in research. For occupational health professionals, it is a book that should be accessible on the library shelf." --Occupational MedicineTable of ContentsPart. 1: The History of Research with Humans; 1. Walter Reed and the Yellow Fever Experiments 2. The Nazi Medical Experiments 3. The Imperial Japanese Experiments in China 4. The Randomized Controlled Trial of Streptomycin 5. The Salk Polio Vaccine Field Trial of 1954 6. The Jewish Chronic Disease Hospital Case 7. The Hepatitis Experiments at the Willowbrook State School 8. The Tuskegee Syphilis Experiment 9. HIV Research 10. The Gelsinger Case 11. An Ethical Framework for Biomedical Research ; Part 2: Codes, Declarations, and Other Ethical Guidance for Research with Humans; 12. The Nuremberg Code 13. The Declaration of Helsinki 14. The Belmont Report 15. Regulations for the Protection 16. International Ethical Guidance from the Council for International Organizations of Medical Sciences 17. The Council of Europe 18. The European Community Directives on Data Protection and Clinical Trials 19. National Bioethics Commissions and Research ; Part 3: Context, Purpose, and Value of Clinical Research ; 20. Exploitation in Clinical Research 21. The Nature, Scope, and Justification of Clinical research: What is Research? Who is a Subject? 22. Four Paradigms of Clinical Research and Research Oversight 23. The Role of Patient Advocates and Public Representatives in Research ; Part 4: ; Scientific Design ; 24. Equipoise and Randomization 25. The Ethics of Placebo- Controlled Trials 26. Challenge Experiments 27. Emergency Research 28. Consent for Research with Biological Samples 29. Genetic Diagnostic, Pedigree, and Screening Research 30. Deception in Clinical Research 31. Ethics of Epidemiology: Observational Studies on Human Populations 32. Ethical Issues in Behavioral and Social Science Research 33. Phase 1 Oncology Research 34. Surgical Innovation and Research ; Part 5: Participant Selection ; 35. What is Fair in Participant Selection? 36. Incentives for Research Participants 37. Ethical Issues in Recruiting Research Participants 38. Ethical Issues in Research Involving Women 39. Ethical Issues in Research with Ethnic and Minority Populations 40. Research Involving Economically Disadvantaged Participants 41. Research Involving Those at Risk for Impaired Decision-making Capacity 42. Research with Children 43. Captive Populations: Prisoners, Students, and Soldiers 44. Research with Identifiable and Targeted Communities 45. Research with Health Volunteers 46. Research with Fetuses, Embryos, and Stem Cells ; Part 6: Risk-Benefit Assessments ; 47. Risk-Benefit Analysis and the Net Risks Test 48. Assessing the Comparing Potential Benefits and Risks of Harm 49. Risk-Benefit Assessment in Pediatric Research ; Part 7: Independent Review and Oversight ; 50. Institutional Review Boards: Their Origins and the Policies that Govern Them 51. Models of Institutional Review Board Function 52. Assessing and Comparing Potential Benefits and Risks of Harm 53. Data and Safety Monitoring Boards 54. The Food and drug Administration and Drug Development: Historic, Scientific, and Ethical Considerations ; Part 8: Informed Consent ; 55. A History of Informed Consent in Clinical Research 56. Philosophical Justifications of Informed Consent in Research 57. Legal and Regulatory Standards of Informed Consent in Research 58. The Therapeutic Misconception 59. Empirical Issues in Informed Consent for Research 60. The Assent Requirement in Pediatric Research ; Part 9: Respect for Human Research Participants ; 61. Confidentiality 62. Legal Responsibility to Research Subjects: Liability and Compensation for Injury 63. The Obligation to Ensure Standards ; Part 10 Multi-National Research ; 64. Appropriate Standards 65. Benefits to Host Countries 66. The Standard of Care in Multi-National Research 67. Responsiveness to Host Community Health Needs ; Part 11: Clinical Investigator Behavior ; 68. Conflicts of Interest in Medical Research: historical Developments 69. Conflicts of Interest 70. Empirical Data on Obligations of Publication: Authorship and Dissemination ; Index

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Book SynopsisBefore curing was a possibility, medicine was devoted to the relief of suffering. Attention to the relief of suffering often takes a back seat in modern biomedicine. This book seeks to place suffering at the center of biomedical attention, examining suffering in its biological, psychological, clinical, religious, and ethical dimensions.Trade ReviewThe book is edited by a pathologist and a professor of religion. Their distinct professions inform the book, giving it a multidisciplinary feel that is necessary for addressing such a holistic subject. Although the essays are from scholars in a range of fields, they are generally jargon free. The result is a book accessible to bioethicists, theologians, medical professionals, and educated lay readers. * Doody's Notes *Table of ContentsForeword - Daniel Callahan ; Suffering and Bioethics: an introduction to the volume - Ronald M. Green and Nathan J. Palpant ; Part 1: The Nature, Meaning, and Experience of Suffering ; 1. Suffering and Human Dignity - Eric Cassell ; 2. Understanding Suffering - Barry Hoffmaster, ; 3. Paying Homage to the Silence of Suffering - Susan and Gordon Marino ; 4. Suffering, and the Promise of a World without Pain - Joseph Amato ; Part 2: Suffering in Biology ; 5. Social Neuroscience Meets Philosophy: Suffering, Empathy, and Moral Cognition -Jean Decety ; 6. The Biology of Suffering - Daniel Krashin, Natalia Murinova, Catherine Q. Howe, and Jane Ballantyne ; 7. What is Suffering and What Sorts of Beings Can Suffer? - David Degrazia ; Part 3: Suffering in Policy and Law ; 8. Individual and Social Callousness Toward Human Suffering - Daniel B. Hinshaw, Peter D. Jacobson, and Marisa P. Weisel ; 9. Human Rights and the Moral Obligation to Alleviate Suffering - Roberto Andorno and Cristiana Baffone ; 10. Exploring Interactions Between Suffering and the Law - Margaret Somerville ; Part 4: Worldview Perspectives on Suffering and Medicine ; 11. Suffering: A Catholic Theological-Ethical View -Lisa Cahill ; 12. The Orthodox Christian View of Suffering - H. Tristram Engelhardt Jr. ; 13. Redemptive Suffering Redeemed: A Protestant View of Suffering - Karen Lebacqz ; 14. Suffering: Reflections from the Jewish Tradition - Laurie Zoloth ; 15. Human Suffering through Illness in the Context of Islamic Bioethics - Abdulaziz Sachedina ; 16. Endure, Adapt, or Overcome? The Concept of 'Suffering' in Buddhist Bioethics - Jens Schlieter ; 17. Human Suffering and the Limits of Secular Bioethics - Mark Cherry ; Part 5: Suffering in the Ethics of Contemporary Medicine and Biotechnology ; 18. Reproductive Technology in Suffering's Shadow - Paul Lauritzen ; 19. Genomic Information and Suffering in the Genomic Era - Roberta Berry ; 20. Preimplantation Genetic Diagnosis and the Prevention of Suffering - Mary Anderlik Majumder ; Part 6: Concluding Thoughts ; 21. Suffering and Ethics in an Age of Empowerment - Nathan J. Palpant ; 22. The Evil of Suffering - Ronald M. Green

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Book SynopsisOf every thousand children born in Iceland, two will die before their first birthday, but in Mozambique the death rate is sixty times higher. Even within countries - including some of the wealthiest - inequalities in longevity and health can be substantial. In recent years, epidemiologists have documented the extent of these inequalities both between and within countries, stimulating in turn research both on their sources and on possible means for their alleviation. These extensive and influential efforts in research and in policy development have raised health inequalities to a prominent position among the central concerns of both national and global health. Less attention has been given to careful analysis and refinement of some key concepts and values that guide and motivate these studies of health inequalities. The essays in this book demonstrate the need to identify and debate alternative positions on the choice of measures of health inequality; the definitions of ''inequality'' aTable of ContentsNir Eyal, Samia Hurst, Sara Marchand, Ole F. Norheim, Dan Wikler - "Introduction: Inequalities in Health: Concepts, Measures, and Ethics" ; Part I: Defining and measuring health inequality ; 1. Larry Temkin - "Inequality and Health" ; 2. Tony Atkinson - "Health Inequality, Health Inequity and Health Spending" ; 3. Yukiko Asada - "A Summary Measure of Health Inequalities: Incorporating Group and Individual Inequalities" ; 4. Kasper Lippert Rasmussen - "When Group Measures of Health Should Matter ; 5. Erik Nord - "Priority to the Worse Off: Severity of Current and Future Illness Versus Shortfall in Life Time Health" ; 6. Gustaf Arrhenius- "Egalitarian Concerns and Population Change" ; Part II: Health Inequality and egalitarianism ; 7. Dan Hausman - "Egalitarian Critiques of Health Inequalities" ; 8. Alex Voorhoeve and Marc Fleurbaey - "Decide as You Would with Full Information! An Argument against ex ante Pareto" ; 9. Johann Frick - Uncertainty and Justifiability to Each Person ; 10. Shlomi Segall - "Equality of Opportunity For Health" ; 11. Wlodek Rabinowicz - "When in Doubt, Equalize" ; 12. Norman Daniels - "Reducing Health Disparities: No Simple Matter" ; 13. Nir Eyal - "Levelling Down Health" ; 14. Ole Norheim - "Atkinson's Measure of Inequality: Can Measures of Economic Inequality Help Us Understand Trade-Offs in Healthcare Priority Setting?" ; 15. Toby Ord And Nick Beckstead - "Rationing and Rationality: The Cost of Avoiding Discrimination" ; 16. Frances M. Kamm - Rationing and the Disabled: Several Proposals ; Part III: Health Inequality and Public Policy ; 17. Angus Deaton - "What does the Empirical Evidence on SES and Health Tell Us About Inequity and About Policy?" ; 18. Michael Marmot-Fair Society Healthy Lives ; 19. Julian Le Grand - "Individual Responsibility, Health and Health Care" ; 20. Ritu Sadana - "WHO's Social Determinants Commission - Concepts and Measures of Health Inequalities"

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Book SynopsisKnowledge of the genetic basis of human diseases is growing rapidly, with important implications for pre-conceptional, prenatal, and predictive testing. While new genetic testing offers better insight into the causes of and susceptibility for heritable diseases, not all inherited diseases that can be predicted on the basis of genetic information can be treated or cured. Should we test everyone who wants to know his or her genetic status, even when there are no possibilities for treatment? What is the role of the right-not-to-know? Do we test children for adult onset disorders because the parents just have to know or do we respect the children''s right to choose when they are older? Do we allow commercial companies to offer genetic tests directly to consumers without the proper oversight regarding what the test results will mean? By using a creative approach that focuses on a single extended family as a case example to illustrate each chapter''s key point, the authors elucidate ethical issues arising in the genetics clinic and laboratory surrounding many timely issues, including: prenatal and pre-implantation genetic diagnosis assisted reproductive technologies incidental findings in genetic testing gene patenting testing children for adult onset disorders direct to consumer testing Ethical Dilemmas in Genetic Counseling: Principles through Case Scenarios is essential reading for anyone interested in the ethical issues surfacing in common genetics practice. Written exclusively by genetic counselors, it makes a significant contribution to the field of ethics in genetics and thus will appeal not only to genetic counselors but to physicians, nurses, and all those concerned with bioethics and social science.Trade ReviewThis collection of essays is sure to be a welcome addition to the library of anyone interested in genetics and genetics counselling. * Lauren L Baker, BA (Saint Louis University), Doody's Notes *Table of ContentsChapter 1: Introduction to Clinical Ethics - Rebecca R. Anderson ; Chapter 2: The (micro) Array of Options for Preconceptional and Prenatal Testing - Daragh Conrad and Christy ; Stanley ; Chapter 3: The "ART" of Assisted Reproductive Technologies - Sonja Eubanks Higgins ; Chapter 4: Testing Children for Adult Onset Conditions - Dawn Allain ; Chapter 5: These are Not the Genes You're Looking For: Incidental Findings Identified as a Result of Genetic Testing - Curtis Coughlin II ; Chapter 6: Is That a Threat or a Promise? Direct-to-Consumer Marketing of Genetic Testing - Laura Hercher ; Chapter 7: Genetics and Patent Law - Rebecca R. Anderson ; Chapter 8: Ethical Issues in Genetic and Genomic Research - Dawn Allain and Kelly Ormond

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Book Synopsis.Trade ReviewI have found this to be an excellent textbook for my bioethics students. One of its major strengths is that it is so up to date. The authors obviously have a very strong grasp of current issues in health care today. * Robert Hurd, Xavier University *Case Studies in Biomedical Ethics is extremely well written. * Robert V. Doyle, Loyola Marymount University *Table of ContentsTable of Contents ; Case Studies in Biomedical Ethics: Decision-Making, Principles, and Cases ; Table of Contents ; List of Cases ; Preface to the Second Edition ; Preface to the First Edition ; Introduction: Four Questions of Ethics ; What Are the Source, Meaning, and Justification of Ethical Claims? ; Distinguish between Evaluative Statements and Statements Presenting Non-evaluative Facts ; Distinguish between Ethical and Nonethical Evaluations ; Determine Who Ought to Decide ; What Kinds of Acts Are Right? ; Consequentialism ; Deontological or <"Duty-Based>" Ethics ; Other Issues of Normative Ethics ; Virtues: Praiseworthy Traits of Character 42 Values: Positively Evaluated Consequences ; How Do Rules Apply to Specific Situations? ; What Ought to Be Done in Specific Cases? ; Notes ; PART 1: ETHICS AND VALUES IN MEDICAL CASES ; Chapter 1 A Model for Ethical Problem Solving ; The Five-Step Model ; Application of the Model ; Notes ; Chapter 2 : Values in Health and Illness ; Identifying Value Judgments in Medicine ; Separating Ethical and Other Evaluations ; Notes ; Chapter 3 : What Is the Source of Moral Judgments? ; Grounding Ethics in the Professional Code ; Grounding Ethics in the Physician's Orders ; Grounding Ethics in Institutional Policy ; Grounding Ethics in the Patient's Values ; Grounding Ethics in Religious or Philosophical Perspectives ; Notes ; PART 2: ETHICAL PRINCIPLES IN MEDICAL ETHICS ; Chapter 4 : Benefiting the Patient and Others: The Duty to Do Good and Avoid Harm ; Benefiting the Patient ; Health in Conflict with Other Goods ; Relating Benefits and Harms ; Benefits of Rules and Benefits in Specific Cases ; Benefiting Society and Individuals Who Are Not Patients ; Benefits to Society ; Benefits to Specific Nonpatients ; Benefit to the Profession ; Benefit to the Health Professional and the Health Professional's Family ; Notes ; Chapter 5 : Justice: The Allocation of Health Resources ; Justice among Patients ; Justice between Patients and Others ; Justice in Public Policy ; Justice and Other Ethical Principles ; Notes ; Chapter 6 : Autonomy ; Determining Whether a Patient Is Autonomous ; External Constraints on Autonomy ; Overriding the Choices of Autonomous Persons ; Notes ; Chapter 7 : Veracity: Honesty With Patients ; The Condition of Doubt ; Lying in order to Benefit ; Protecting the Patient by Lying ; Protecting the Welfare of Others ; Special Cases of Truth-Telling ; Patients Who Do Not Want to Be Told ; Family Members Who Insist the Patient Not Be Told ; The Right of Access to Medical Records ; Notes ; Chapter 8 : Fidelity: Promise-Keeping, Loyalty To Patients, And Impaired ProfessionalsOther Cases Involving Fidelity ; The Ethics of Promises: Explicit and Implicit ; Fidelity and Conflicts of Interest ; Incompetent and Dishonest Colleagues ; Notes ; Chapter 9 : Avoidance of Killing ; Active Killing versus Letting Die ; Withholding versus Withdrawing Treatment ; Direct versus Indirect Killing ; Justifiable Omissions: The Problem of Nutrition and Hydration ; Voluntary and Involuntary Killing ; Killing as Punishment ; Notes ; PART 3: Special Problem Areas ; Chapter 10 : Abortion, Sterilization, and Contraception ; Abortion ; Abortion for Medical Problems of the Fetus ; Abortion Following Sexual Assault ; Abortion to Save the Life of the Pregnant Woman ; Abortion and the Mentally Incapacitated Woman ; Abortion for Socioeconomic Reasons ; Sterilization ; Contraception ; Notes ; Chapter 11 : Genetics, Birth, and the Biological Revolution ; Genetic Counseling ; Genetic Screening ; In Vitro Fertilization and Surrogate Motherhood ; Preimplantation Diagnosis ; Gene Therapy ; Notes ; Chapter 12 : Mental Health and Behavior Control ; The Concept of Mental Health ; Mental Illness and Autonomous Behavior ; Mental Illness and Third-Party Interests ; Other Behavior-Controlling Therapies ; Notes ; Chapter 13 : Confidentiality: Ethical Disclosure of Medical Information ; Breaking Confidence to Benefit the Patient ; Breaking Confidence to Benefit Others ; Breaking Confidence as Required by Law ; Notes ; Chapter 14 : Organ Transplants ; Procuring Organs ; Donation versus Salvaging ; The Grounds for Pronouncing Death ; Diseased and Poor-Quality Organs ; Preserving the Organs of the Dying ; Socially Directed Organ Donation ; Living Donor/Deceased Donor Organ Swaps ; Children and Incompetent Persons as Living Organ Sources ; Transplanting Faces and Hands: Vascular Composite Allografts ; Allocating Organs ; Maximizing Benefits and Distributing Organs Fairly ; When Voluntary Risks Cause a Need for Organs ; Age and the Allocation of Organs ; Multiple Organs and Special Priority for Special People ; Notes ; Chapter 15 : Health Insurance, Health System Planning, and Rationing ; The Problem of Small, Incremental Benefits ; Limits on Unproved Therapies ; Marginally Beneficial, Expensive Therapy ; Funding Care that Patients Have Refused ; Pharmaceutical Manufacturers versus Insurers ; Insurance and the Uninsured ; The Affordable Care Act ; Notes ; Chapter 16 : Experimentation on Human Subjects ; Calculating Risks and Benefits ; Privacy and Confidentiality ; Equity in Research ; Conflicts of Interest in Research ; Informed Consent in Research ; Notes ; Chapter 17 : Consent and the Right to Refuse Treatment ; The Elements of a Consent ; The Standards for Consent ; Comprehension and Voluntariness ; Notes ; Chapter 18 : Death and Dying ; The Definition of Death ; Competent and Formerly Competent Patients ; Never Competent Patients ; Never Competent Persons without Available Family ; Never Competent Persons with Available Family ; Futile Care and Limits Based on the Interests of Others ; Notes ; Appendix: Codes of Ethics ; Glossary ; List of Cases from Public Sources

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Book SynopsisUnder the swastika, German scientists descended into the moral abyss, perpetrating heinous medical crimes at Auschwitz and at euthanasia hospitals. But why did biomedical researchers accept such a bargain? This title offers an account of the myriad ways human heredity and Nazi politics reinforced each other before and during the Third Reich.Trade Review"This well-written study helps elucidate the relationship between science and politics in the Third Reich and has enough details to satisfy scholars. At the same time, it provides an insightful narrative that a lay audience will find accessible and that will serve as a useful learning aid for students." (German Studies Review)"

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Book SynopsisHow has bioethics evolved into a legitimate specialty? When is such expertise necessary? How do bioethicists make their decisions? And whose interests do they serve? This book addresses these questions while reflecting on the ethical dilemmas that the author's ethnographic research among surgeons and genetic counselors has provoked.Trade Review"Bosk provides in these pages a rich and rigorous account of the ways in which medical ethics, ethnography, and social science illuminate the human condition. He is the finest ethnographer of his generation, and he offers to future generations a standard of ethnographic practice and reflection that is unrivaled in its appreciation of the nuances and complexities of making sense of people's lives." - Jonathan B. Imber, Wellesley College"

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Book SynopsisIntuition is central to discussions about the nature of scientific and philosophical reasoning and what it means to be human. In this book, the author marshals his dual training as a physician and philosopher to examine the place of intuition in medicine.Trade Review"Hillel D. Braude's book is brilliant. There's nothing like it - this is a true, deep, scholarly, philosophical, historical work with real staying power." (Kathryn Montgomery, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine)"

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