Medical ethics and professional conduct Books

Book SynopsisThis book examines transparency in the health context, including the many ethical and legal issues it raises. It will appeal to anyone interested in how transparency can transform existing health care policy frameworks, from the pharmaceutical industry, to Big Data, to concerns around patient privacy protections.Table of ContentsIntroduction Carmel Shachar, I. Glenn Cohen, Holly Fernandez Lynch and Barbara J. Evans; Part I. Transparency in Health and Health Care: Thematic Issues: Introduction Abigail R. Moncrieff; 1. Smashing into windows: 'the limits of consumer sovereignty in health care' Barry R. Furrow; 2. The interplay of privacy and transparency in health care: the HIPAA privacy rule as a case study Barbara J. Evans; 3. Transparency tradeoffs: priority-setting, scarcity, and health fairness Govind Persad; 4. Slightly hazy: transparency and the costs of too much information Oliver J. Kim; Part II. Transparency and Informed Consent: Introduction Luke Gelinas; 5. Transparency versus informed consent: the patient/consumer paradigms Craig J. Konnoth; 6. Transparency and financial conflicts: the uncertain case for sunshine Richard S. Saver; 7. Making religion transparent: the substance, process, and efficacy of disclosing religious restrictions on care Elizabeth Sepper; Part III. Transparency and Economics: Health Care Costs and Billing: Introduction Kristin M. Madison; 8. Transparency on prescription drug research expenditures: a lever for restraining pricing? Ameet Sarpatwari, Jerry Avorn and Aaron S. Kesselheim; 9. Is pharmaceutical price transparency an effective means to reduce high prices and wide variations? Marc A. Rodwin; 10. Price transparency: a contracts solution Wendy Netter Epstein; 11. Solving surprise medical bills Mark A. Hall; Part IV. Transparency and Innovation: Introduction Holly Fernandez Lynch; 12. Increasing the transparency of FDA review to enhance the innovation process Rachel E. Sachs and Thomas J. Hwang; 13. Transparency and clinical trial data sharing: legal and policy issues Barbara E. Bierer, Mark Barnes and Rebecca Li; 14. The European Medicines Agency's approach to transparency Stefano Marino and Spyridon Drosos; Part V. Transparency and Outcomes: Promoting Health and Safety: Introduction Gregory Curfman; 15. The role of transparency in promoting healthy behaviors: pros, cons, and perils of information sharing to foster personal responsibility in health care Anthony W. Orlando and Arnold J. Rosoff; 16. The role of transparency in patient safety improvement Michelle M. Mello, David M. Studdert, Brahmajee K. Nallamothu and Allen Kachalia; 17. Personal health records as a tool for transparency in health care Sharona Hoffman; 18. Nontransparency in electronic health record systems Jim Hawkins, Barbara J. Evans and Harlan M. Krumholz; 19. Transparency challenges in reproductive health care Dov Fox; Part VI. Challenges in Promoting and Measuring Transparency in Health Care: Introduction I. Glenn Cohen; 20. ERISA as a barrier for state health care transparency efforts Erin C. Fuse Brown and Jaime S. King; 21. Transparency and data sharing in clinical research and Big Pharma Jennifer E. Miller; 22. Promoting IRB transparency: about what, to whom, why, and how? Holly Fernandez Lynch; 23. Using disclosure to regulate PBMs: the dark side of transparency David A. Hyman and William E. Kovacic.

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Book SynopsisPsychiatry Under the Influence investigates the actions and practices of the American Psychiatric Association and academic psychiatry in the United States, and presents it as a case study of institutional corruption.Trade Review“This is an extraordinary piece of work that should be read by every mental health professional, minimally. The book might also serve well as a supplemental advanced undergraduate or graduate textbook in a psychopathology or even a research methods class. Where research methods courses separate good from bad science, Whitaker and Cosgrove have now provided us with numerous examples of bad science to which we can now add, corrupt science.” (Fred Ernst, Journal of Contemporary Psychotherapy, Vol. 46, 2016)Table of ContentsForeword PART I: SEEDS OF CORRUPTION 1. A Case Study of Institutional Corruption 2. Psychiatry Adopts a Disease Model 3. Economies of Influence PART II: SCIENCE CORRUPTED 4. The Etiology of Mental Illness is Now Known 5. Psychiatry's New Drugs 6. Expanding the Market 7. Protecting the Market 8. The End Product: Clinical Practice Guidelines PART III: THE SEARCH FOR SOLUTIONS 9. A Society Harmed 10. Putting Psychiatry on the Couch 11. Prescriptions for Reform

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Book SynopsisAn annotated English translation of the autobiography of Polish microbiologist Ludwik Hirszfeld (1884-1954), with a focus on his contributions to international public health. Ludwik Hirszfeld (1884-1954), one of the most prominent serologists of the twentieth century, discovered the inheritance and established the nomenclature of blood groups and opened the field of human population genetics. He also carried out groundbreaking research in the genetics of disease and immunology. Following World War II, he founded Poland's first Institute of Immunology in Wroclaw, which now bears his name. His autobiographical memoir, The Story of One Life, first published in Poland in 1946, immediately became a bestseller and has been reedited several times since. It is an outstanding account of a Holocaust survivor and a writer capable of depicting the uniqueness and the tragedy of countless individuals caught up in the nightmare of 1939-45. He recollects his time as a physician in the Serbian army in 1915 and his satisfaction as a scientist who helped rebuild Poland after the Treaty ofVersailles; in so doing the contrast between the world before and the world after World War II could not be starker. Hirszfeld wrote this book while in hiding after he escaped from the Warsaw ghetto in 1943; he buried the manuscript and retrieved it only after the war. Drawing on interviews with Hirszfeld's former students and family, as well as unpublished documents, this translation is annotated and has an introduction written by two scholars with unique qualifications to understand both the immediate setting in which Hirszfeld lived his life, and the broader implications of his work to the history of medicine. Marta A. Balinska is a writer and an international consultant in public health. William H. Schneider is professor of history at Indiana University.Trade ReviewBalinska and Schneider should be applauded. . . today's readers will find it an intriguing piece of cutting-edge experimental science, an example of the relation between political context and individual fate, while the contemporary story makes for a fascinating read. . . a major achievement. * COMPTES RENDUS *A thoughtful and highly historical read that belongs in any biography collection. * MIDWEST BOOK REVIEW *Fascinating on many accounts. . . The University of Rochester Press's Studies in Medical History series has just attained new heights. * FORWARD.COM *Table of ContentsForeword by Arthur E. Mourant Introduction by Marta A. Balinska and William H. Schneider Foreword by Ludwik Hirszfeld to the original 1946 edition University Years Assistantship in Heidelberg Sojourn in Zurich The Great War Armée d'Orient Home Again Life in Warsaw Life within the Institute Scientific Activities Scientific Meetings International Congress of Anthropologists in Amsterdam; Opening of Schools of Hygiene in Budapest and Zagreb The 1935 Blood Transfusion Congress in Rome The 1937 International Congress in Paris The 1937 International Cancer Congress in Brussels The 1939 General Pathology Congress in Rome Medical Academy in Paris; French Youth A Home in the Sun The Autumn Draws On Before the Storm The Siege of Warsaw Ousted The City of Death Lectures and Courses Typhus in the District The Health Council In the Shadow of the Church of All Saints Race or Tradition? The Beginning of the End Leap into the Unknown The Life of an Obscure Man My Evening Song My Greatest Defeat The Origins of This Book Extermination Camps The Last Upsurge of a Perishing Nation A Chased Animal The Turning Point for the Jewish Nation The Great Guilt Afterword Appendix: Biographical Annex of Frequently Cited Names

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Book SynopsisFew avenues of scientific inquiry raise more thorny ethical questions than the cloning of human beings, a radical way to control our DNA. In August 2001, in conjunction with his decision to permit limited federal funding for stem-cell research, President George W. Bush created the President's Council on Bioethics to address the ethical ramifications of biomedical innovation. Over the past year the Council, whose members comprise an All-Star team of leading scientists, doctors, ethicists, lawyers, humanists, and theologians, has discussed and debated the pros and cons of cloning, whether to produce children or to aid in scientific research. This book is its insightful and thought-provoking report. The questions the Council members confronted do not have easy answers, and they did not seek to hide their differences behind an artificial consensus. Rather, the Council decided to allow each side to make its own best case, so that the American people can think about and debate these questions, which go to the heart of what it means to be a human being. Just as the dawn of the atomic age created ethical dilemmas for the United States, cloning presents us with similar quandaries that we are sure to wrestle with for decades to come.

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Book SynopsisAutonomy is a vital principle in medical law and ethics. It occupies a prominent place in all medico-legal and ethical debate. But there is a dangerous presumption that it should have the only vote, or at least the casting vote. This book is an assault on that presumption, and an audit of autonomy's extraordinary status. This book surveys the main issues in medical law, noting in relation to each issue the power wielded by autonomy, asking whether that power can be justified, and suggesting how other principles can and should contribute to the law. It concludes that autonomy's status cannot be intellectually or ethically justified, and that positive discrimination in favour of the other balancing principles is urgently needed in order to avoid some sinister results. 'This book is a sustained attack on the hegemony of the idea of autonomy in medical ethics and law. Charles Foster is no respecter of authority, whether of university professors or of law Lords. He grabs his readers by their lapels and shakes sense into them through a combination of no-nonsense rhetoric and subtle argument that is difficult to resist.' Tony Hope, Professor of Medical Ethics, Oxford University 'This book is unlikely to be in pristine state by the time you have finished reading it. Whether that is because you have thrown it in the air in celebration or thrown it across the room in frustration will depend on your perspective. But this book cannot leave you cold. It is a powerful polemic on the dominance of autonomy in medical law, which demands a reaction. Charles Foster sets out a powerful case that academic medical lawyers have elevated autonomy to a status it does not deserve in either ethical or legal terms. In a highly engaging, accessible account, he challenges many of the views which have become orthodox within the academic community. This will be a book which demands and will attract considerable debate.' Jonathan Herring, Exeter College, Oxford University 'This is a learned, lively and thought-provoking discussion of problems central to the courts' approach to ethical issues in medical law. What principles are involved? More significantly, which really underlie and inform the process of seeking justice in difficult cases? Charles Foster persuasively argues, and demonstrates, that respect for autonomy is but one of a number of ethical principles which interact and may conflict. He also addresses the sensitive issue of the extent to which thoughts and factors which go to influence legal decisions may not appear in the judgments.' Adrian Whitfield QC. 'Introducing the Jake La Motta of medical ethics. Foster is an academic street-fighter who has bloodied his hands in the court room. He provides a stinging, relentless, ground attack on the Goliath of medical ethics: the central place of autonomy in liberal medical ethics. This is now the first port of call for those who feel that medical ethics has become autonomized.' Julian Savulescu, Uehiro Chair in Practical Ethics, University of Oxford. "This important book offers a robust challenge to anyone, whether lawyer or 'ethicist', who sees respect for autonomy as the only game in town. It argues eloquently and effectively that, on the one hand, despite the reverence paid to it by judges, in practice the law, even in the context of consent, weaves together a number of moral threads of which autonomy is merely one, in the pursuit of a good decision. It argues on the other hand, that were the day-to-day practice of law to be guided primarily by respect for autonomy, this would be wrong. Foster concludes that whilst, 'any society that does not have laws robustly protecting autonomy is an unsafe and unhappy one', so too would be a society in which too much emphasis was placed on respect for autonomy at the expense of other important moral principles. This is essential reading for anyone interested in the role of autonomy and indeed of medical ethics, in the law." Michael Parker, Professor of Bioethics, University of OxfordTrade Review...written in a very powerful and thought-provoking style and will be an intriguing read for anyone interested in understanding the wide range of concrete cases that Foster considers. ...if read open-mindedly and with a view to understanding the main principles used in biomedical contexts, Foster's book has the potential to make a distinctive contribution to the debate about the role of autonomy...he has undeniably produced a book that will inject some life into the often stale academic debates on the topic. Mirko Daniel Garasic Plurilogue August 2011 ...fresh, clear and eminently readable...This is a short book, passionately argued, which all those interested in medical law, and the rights and duties of patients and doctors, should read. You may disagree: you won't be bored. Bio-Science Law Review Vol 10, Issue 3, 2009 This is certainly a useful book for people wishing to understand some of the legal background in key areas of medical law...it is also worthy of consideration in its own right by anyone seeking an alternative perspective on autonomy in health care ethics. Vincent Mitchell Nursing Ethics 16 (6), 2009 This book provides an accessible critique of the principle of 'autonomy' in the context of medical law. As a lawyer himself, Charles Foster succinctly summarises the various legal issues arising, as the title suggests, from conception to death. Antony Blackburn-Starza BioNews Newsletter 5th January 2010 This book is an important challenge to the dominance of autonomy in medical ethics and law ... [it] will ... be a useful and thought-provoking resource for those studying or teaching medical law and ethics. Mark Campbell Triple Helix Easter 2010 This is an important addition to the ongoing ethical, as well as medico-legal debate regarding autonomy. Foster's work provides an excellent point of departure for those new to the area, as well as a rich source of reference material for subsequent investigations. Doug Morrison Medical Law Review June 2010 Are you a hirsute medical lawyer, with a low blood pressure and writer's block? Then this is the book for you. You will not have to read too many pages before your blood will be boiling, you will be pulling out your hair, and grabbing your keyboard to type a furious riposte. .. This book is a powerful challenge to the role that autonomy plays in medical law and ethics. The book demonstrates a wide-ranging understanding of the law. Few authors could hope to make as many sharp points as Foster does in such a short space of time. This must be the most fast-paced and easy-to-read book on the topic. For that reason it may well be of interest to students and no doubt lecturers will enjoy setting their chapters for students to read in order to provoke a response. Therein lies the strength of this book. It is a book that demands a reaction. Jonathan Herring Legal Studies Volume 30, No 2 Charles Foster's book provides a welcome addition to the literature by confronting some of these premises in the context of English medical law. Katri Lohmus Social and Legal Studies 19 (3) 2010 Charles Foster minces no words. Choosing Life, Choosing Death is a comprehensive and passionately argued attack against the "tyranny of autonomy" in medical ethics and law. Katharina Heyer The Journal of Law and Society Volume 45, Issue 1Table of ContentsPart 1: Principles Chapter 1: Autonomy: Challenging the Consensus Chapter 2: Other Contenders for a Voice Non-maleficence: Primum Non Nocere: Above All, Do No harm Beneficence Justice Professional Integrity Rights and Duties Chapter 3: Whose Autonomy? Part 2: Before Life Chapter 4: Reproductive Autonomy Should One Be Required to Reproduce? Should You Be Entitled to Have a Child? Applications to Adopt Applications by Prisoners Chapter 5: Abortion Chapter 6: Questions Raised by Reproductive Technology Part 3: Between Birth and Death Chapter 7: Confidentiality What Principles Are Embodied in the Law of Confidentiality? From Principle to Practice: Egdell, Genetic Counselling and Axon W v Egdell Genetic Counselling The Sue Axon Case Chapter 8: The Law of Consent Duty to Prevent Suicide: Reeves v Commissioner of Police for the Metropolis Autonomy Over One's Genitalia? R v Brown and Others The Caesarean Section Cases What Do We Mean When We Say 'I Want ...'? What is 'Relevant Information'? Patient Responsibility The Limits of Consent Incidental Findings on Operation Consent, Biobanks and the Effect of Analysing Consent Questions in ECHR Terms The Notion of Capacity Best Interests and Incompetent Adults Children Chapter 9: Litigation, Rights and Duties Chapter 10: Medical Research on Humans Chapter 11: The End of Life Part 4: After Death Chapter 12: Transplantation Xenotransplantation Live Donor Homotransplantation Post-Mortem Homotransplantation Chapter 13: The Ownership of Body Parts Tissue From the Living Tissue From the Living and the Dead Existing Holdings Who Can Give Consent? Chapter 14: Epilogue

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Book SynopsisChapter 1. Introduction (David Schwan).- Part 1: The Patient Experience.- Chapter 2. Telemedicine and the Doctor-patient Relationship (Simona Tiribelli).- Chapter 3. Advanced Technologies and the Care Environment (David Schwan).- Chapter 4. Artificial Intelligence: Reliability and Patient Safety (Luciano Floridi).- Chapter 5. Artificial Intelligence and Racial Bias (Ryan Tonkens).- Part 2: Regenerative Medicine and Enhancement Technologies.- Chapter 6. Gene-based Medicine (Including Personalized Medicine) (Mara Almeida).- Chapter 7. Genome Editing (Including CRISPR) (Bryan Cwik).- Chapter 8. Cell Therapy (Including Stem Cell Therapies) (Lars Assen).- Chapter 9. Enhancement Technology and Gene Doping (Julian Savulescu).- Part 3: Big Data, Privacy, and Autonomy.- Chapter 10. Data Mining and Consent (Including Electronic Health Records and Wearable Tech) (Bonnie Kaplan).- Chapter 11. Big Data and Surveillance (e.g., Contact Tracing, Traveling for Abortion Access) (Lauren Nuckols).- Chapter 12. Psychological Targeting (from Digital Footprint) and Digital nudging for Patient Health Outcomes (Matthew C. Altman).- Part 4: Technology and Justice.- Chapter 13. Equity Issues Arising from Access to Medical Technology: It Exacerbates Existing Inequalities (Caroline Brall).- Chapter 14. Equity Issues Arising from Access to Medical Technology: It Provides Broader Access and More Just Distribution of Healthcare (Marzyeh Ghassemi).

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Book Synopsis

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