Mechanical engineering and materials Books

Book SynopsisTable of Contents1. Elementary Crystallography. 1-1 The Crystalline State. 1-1.1 Crystalline and Amorphous Solids. 1-1.2 Definition of a Crystal. 1-1.3 Characteristics of the Crystalline and Vitreous States. 1-2 Crystal Geometry. 1-2.1 External Form and Habit of Crystals. 1-2.2 Constancy of Interfacial Angles. 1-2.3 Symmetry Elements of Crystals. 1-2.4 Pseudosymmetry, 13. 1-2.5 Crystallographic Axes. 1-2.6 Axial Ratios. 1-2.7 The Six Crystal Symmetry Systems. 1-2.8 Miller Indices. 1-2.9 The Law of Rational Indices. 1-2.10 Crystal Forms. 1-2.11 Composite Crystals and Twinning. 1-2.12 Equation for the Plane (hkl). 1-2.13 Zones and Zone Relationships. 1-3 Space Lattices. 1-3.1 Historical Introduction. 1-3.2 Definition. 1-3.3 The Unit Ceil. 1-3.4 The 14 Bravais Lattices. 1-3.5 Some Crystallographic Implications of Space Lattices. 1-3.6 Distance between Neighboring Lattice Planes in the Series (hkl). 1-3.7 The Reciprocal Lattice. 1-4 Point Groups and Space Groups. 1-4.1 The Point Group or Crystal Symmetry Class. 1-4.2 The Space Group. General References. Specific References. 2. The Production and Properties of X-rays. 2-1 X-Ray Safety and Protection. 2-2 The Production of X-Rays. 2-2.1 The Origin of X-Rays. 2-2.2 X-Ray Tubes. A. Gas tubes. B. Hot-cathode tubes. C. Modern diffraction tube design. D. Cold-cathode diffraction tubes. E. High-intensity diffraction tubes. F. Microfocus diffraction tubes. 2-2.3 Power Equipment for the Production of X-rays. 2-2.4 Commercial X-ray Generators for Diffraction. 2-2.5 Isotopic X-ray Sources. 2-3 Properties of X-Rays and their Measurement. 2-3.1 The X-ray Spectrum of an Element. A. The continuous x-ray spectrum. B. The characteristic x-ray spectrum. 2-3.2 The Precise Determination of X-ray Wavelengths. 2-3.3 Absorption of X-rays. 2-3.4 Secondary Fluorescent and Scattered X-rays. 2-3.5 Refraction of X-rays. 2-3.6 Monochromatization of X-radiation. A. Single filter technique. B. Balanced-filter technique. C. Crystal monochromator techniques. D. Graphite monochromators. 2-3.7 The Photographic Effects of X-rays. General References. Specific References. 3. Fundamental Principles of X-ray Diffraction. 3-1 Kinematical and Dynamical Diffraction Theory. 3-2 The Geometry of Diffraction. 3-2.1 Scattering of X-rays by Electrons and Atoms. 3-2.2 Scattering by a Regularly Spaced Row of Atoms. 3-2.3 Conditions for Diffraction by a Linear Lattice of Atoms. 3-2.4 Diffraction by a Simple Cubic Lattice. 3-2.5 Proof that the "Diffracting Plane" is a Lattice Plane. 3-2.6 The Bragg Equation. 3-2.7 Derivation of the Bragg Equation from the "Reflection" Analogy. 3-2.8 The Geometrical Picture of Diffraction in Reciprocal Space. 3-3 The Intensity of Diffraction. 3-3.1 Perfect and Imperfect Crystals. 3-3.2 Primary and Secondary Extinction. 3-3.3 Relative and Absolute Intensities. 3-3.4 Factors Affecting the Diffraction Intensities. A. The polarization factor. B. The Lorentz and "velocity" factors. C. The temperature factor. D. The atomic scattering factor. E. The structure factor. F. The multiplicity factor. G. The absorption factor. 3-3.5 Expressions for the Relative Intensity of Diffraction by the Various Techniques. 3-3.6 Lattice-Centering and Space-Group Extinctions. General References. Specific References. 4. Photographic Powder Techniques. 4-1 The Debye-Scherrer Method. 4-1.1 Introduction. 4-1.2 Camera Design. A. General geometry. B. Details of camera construction. C. Camera support and alignment. 4-1.3 Preparation of the Powder. 4-1.4 Mounting the Powder. 4-1.5 Making the Exposure. 4-1.6 Processing the Film. 4-2 Parafocusing Methods. 4-3 Monochromatic-Pinhole Techniques. 4-3.1 Forward-Reflection Method. 4-3.2 Back-Reflection Method. 4-4 Microcameras and Microbeam Techniques. 4-5 High-Temperature Techniques. 4-6 Low-Temperature Techniques. 4-7 High-Pressure Techniques. General References. Specific References. Diffractometric Powder Technique. 5-1 Geometry of the Powder Diffractometer. 5-1.1 General Features. 5-1.2 Details of the Optical Arrangement. 5-1.3 The Seemann-Bohlin Diffractometer. 5-1.4 Alignment and Angular Calibration of the Diffractometer. A. Operations appropriately performed in advance by the manufacturer. B. Further internal alignment of the goniometer. C. Alignment of the goniometer with respect to the x-ray tube. D. Calibration of the O° 2Θ position. E. Calibration of angular registration between 0 and 180° 2Θ. 5-2 Profiles and positions of diffraction maxima. 5-2.1 Convolution Synthesis of Line Profiles. A. X-ray source, gI. B. Flat specimen surface, gII. C. Axial divergence, gIII. D. Specimen transparency, gIV. E. Receiving slit, gv. F. Comparison of calculated and experimental line profiles. 5-2.2 Displacement and Breadth of Diffraction Maxima. A. Line position. B. Line breadth. C. The practical determination of the centroid and variance. 5-2.3 Accurate Determination of Interplanar (d) Spacings. 5-2.4 "Routine" Determination of Interplanar (d) Spacings. 5-3 Electrical Characteristics of the Diffractometer. 5-3.1 General Arrangement of Components. 5-3.2 Radiation Detectors (Quantum Counters). A. Gas-ionization counters. B. Geiger-Müller counters. C. Proportional counters. D. Scintillation counters. E. Solid-state (energy-dispersive) detectors. 5-3.3 Nonlinearity of Detector Response. 5-3.4 Monochromatizing Techniques. A. Pulse-height discrimination and analysis. B. Ross balanced filters. C. Crystal monochromators. 5-4 Choice of Experimental Conditions and Procedures. 5-4.1 Statistical Accuracy of Counter Measurements. 5-4.2 The Specimen. A. Preparation of powders. B. Rotation of the specimen. C. Preferred orientation and the specimen mount. D. High-temperature techniques. E. Low-temperature techniques. F. Other special specimen techniques. 5-4.3 Transmission Techniques. 5-4.4 Continuous-Scan Techniques. 5-4.5 Step-Scan Techniques and Automation. General References. Specific References. 6. The Interpretation of Powder Diffraction Data. 6-1 The Viewing and Precision Measurement of Powder Photographs. 6-2 Determination of Interplanar (d) Spacings. 6-2.1 Debye-Scherrer Patterns, 424. 6-2.2 Monochromatic-Pinhole (Flat-Film) Patterns, 435. 6-3 Indexing Cubic Powder Patterns. 6-3.1 Reciprocal-Lattice Picture of Diffraction by a Cubic Powder. 6-3.2 Indexing a Cubic Pattern by sin2 Θ Ratios. 6-3.3 Determination of the Unit-Cell Dimension a. 6-3.4 Indexing a Cubic Pattern When a Is Known. 6-4 Determination of Lattice Type. 6-5 Indexing Noncubic Powder Patterns. 6-5.1 Indexing Noncubic Patterns When the Unit-Cell Dimensions are Known. 6-5.2 Graphical Methods of Indexing. 6-5.3 Analytical Methods of Indexing: Tetragonal, Hexagonal, and Orthorhombic Patterns. 6-5.4 Analytical Methods of Indexing: Monoclinic and Triclinic Patterns. 6-6 Automated Computing Procedures for Indexing Powder Patterns. 6-6.1 Programs for Patterns of Orthorhombic and Higher Symmetry. 6-6.2 Programs for Patterns of Low Symmetry. 6-7 The Measurement of Intensities from Photographic Blackening. 6-7.1 Introduction. 6-7.2 Preparation of a Graded Intensity Scale. 6-7.3 Visual Estimation of Intensities. 6-7.4 Photometer Techniques. 6-8 The Measurement of Intensities with the X-Ray Diffractometer. 6-9 Putting Intensities on an Absolute Scale. 6-10 Special Scattering and Diffraction Effects. 6-10.1 Background Effects. A. Background due to lattice imperfections. B. Background due to general radiation. C. Absorption discontinuities. D. Air scatter. E. Secondary fluorescence radiation. 6-10.2 Reflections of Unusual Character. A. Spotty lines. B. Arclike lines. C. Broadened lines. D. Two-dimensional lattice lines. E. Splitting of lines. 6-10.3 Spurions lines. A. Lines due to misalignment of camera elements. B. Diffraction effects from the sample mount. C. Diffraction from radiation contaminants. General References. Specific References. 7. Qualitative and Quantitative Analysis of Crystalline Powders. 7-1 Routine Qualitative Identification of Crystalline Powders. 7-1.1 The JCPDS Powder Diffraction File (PDF). 7-1.2 Experimental Technique of the PDF Method. A. Preparation of the diffraction pattern. B. Measurement of lines on films and diffractometer charts. C. Identification interpretation of the data. 7-1.3 Computer Applications in the PDF Method. 7-1.4 Complications and Limitations of the PDF Method. 7-1.5 Special Identification Techniques. A. Compound identification by isomorphism. B. Procedures for or ganic compounds. C. Identification of clay minerals. 7-2 Quantitative Analysis of Powder Mixtures. 7-2.1 Basic Aspects of Absorption in Quantitative Analysis. A. Mixtures of N components: µ*J = ???*. B. Mixtures of two components: µ*1 ??? µ*M. C. Mixtures of N components: (N > 2); µ*1 ??? µ*M. 7-2.2 Photographic-Microphotometric Technique. 7-2.3 Counter Diffractometric Technique. A. Instrumental requirements. B. General recommendations on procedure. 7-2.4 Outline of Important Analytical Procedures. A. Direct analysis when µ*J = ???*. B. Direct analysis of two-component syatems, µ*1 ??? µ*2. C. Direct analysis by absorption-diffraction, multicomponent systems. D. Internal-standard analysis for one component of a multicomponent system, no interfering lines. E. Internal-standard analysis for one component, interfering lines of unknown and standard. F. Simultaneous analysis for several components with allowance for line superpositions. G. Analysis by dilution of sample with yJ grams of unknown per gram of sample. 7-2.5 Selected Examples and Applications. A. Dust analysis. B. Retained austenite in steel. C. Organic mixtures. D. Miscellaneous inorganic analyses. E. Analysis of solid-solution phases. General References. Specific References. 8. The Precision Determination of Lattice Constants. 8-l General Considerations. 8-2 Sources of Systematic Errors in the Debye-Scherrer Method. 8-2.1 Radius Errors and Film Shrinkage. 8-2.2 Specimen Eccentricity. 8-2.3 Sample Absorption and Radial Divergence of the Beam. A. Bradley and Jay's approximate treatment. B. More rigorous investigations of the absorption error. 8-2.4 Axial Divergence of the Beam. 8-3 Methods of Correcting for Errors in the Debye-Scherrer Method. 8-3.1 Use of Calibrating Substances. 8-3.2 The Straumanis Method of Refined Experimental Technique. A. Essential features of the Straumanis method. B. Illustrative film measurements and calculations. 8-3.3 The Convolution-Film Method with the Likelihood Ratio Method. A. The Convolution-Film Method (CFM). B. The Likelihood Ratio Method (LRM). C. Application of the Convolution-Film Method to IUCr Silicon. 8-3.4 Use of Extrapolation Methods. A. Bradley and Jay's extrapolation against cos2 Θ. B. Extrapolation against (cos2 Θ)/sin Θ + (cos2 Θ)/Θ. C. Cohen's Least-Squares Extrapolation. 8-4 Precise Lattice Constants by other Film Techniques. 8-5 Precise Lattice Constants from Diffractometric Measurements. 8-6 The Precision Determination of Lattice Constants of Noncubic Materials. 8-7 Summary. General References. Specific References. 9. Crystallite Size and Lattice Strains From Line Broadening. 9-1 Determination of the Pure Line Profile. 9-1.1 The Fourier-Transform Method. The Rachinger Correction. 9-1.2 The Method of Iterative Folding. 9-1.3 Simplified Methods. Gaussian or Cauchy Profiles. B. Jones' Correction Curves for Debye-Scherrer Lines. C. The Kα1α2 Doublet Correction for the Debye-Scherrer Technique. D. Correction Curves for Diffractometer Line Profiles. 9-2 Determination of Crystallite Size and Lattice Imperfections Simultaneously. 9-2.1 Introduction. 9-2.2 The Fourier Method of Warren and Averbach. A. Derivation of the Fourier series expression. B. Separation of size and distortion components. C. Generalization of the Warren-Averbach theory. 9-2.3 Use of Variance of the Line Profile. A. Contribution of crystallite size to the variance. B. Contribution of lattice distortions to the variance. 9-2.4 Method of Integral Breadths. 9-2.5 Determination of Faulting in Layered Structures. A. Deformation and twin faulting. B. Random-layer (turbostratic) structures. 9-2.6 Very Defective Lattices. 9-2.7 Illustrative Analyses. A. Cold-worked copper-silicon single crystal, Fourier method. Deformed thoriated tungsten, variance method. C. Deformed cubic metals, Fourier and integral-breadth methods, compound fault probability evaluated. D. Comparison of size and strain values derived by four methods. E. Additional literature. 9-3 Determination of Crystallite Size-No Lattice Imperfections. 9-3.1 The Scherrer Equation. Crystallites of markedly anisotropic shapes. 9-3.2 The Variance Method. 9-3.3 Size Distributions. 9-3.4 Some Practical Considerations. 9-3.5 Illustrative Analyses. A. Crystallite shape-Magnesium Oxide (MgO) powder. B. MgO from decomposition of MgCO3 at 600°C. C. MgO from decomposition of MgCO3 at 900°C. D. Micronized quartzite powder, fraction < 5µ. E. Lc dimension of a carbon black. F. La dimension of a carbon black. General References. Specific References. 10. Investigation of Preferred Orientation and Texture. 10-1 Orientation and Texture in Materials. 10-2 Geometry of Fiber Patterns. 10-2.1 Ideal Fiber Patterns. 10-2.2 Bragg Geometry of Fiber Patterns. 10-2.3 Real Fiber Patterns. 10-3 Preparation of Fiber Patterns. 10-4 Analysis of Simple Fiber Patterns. 10-5 Representation of Preferred Orientation. 10-5.1 Pole Figtires. 10-5.2 The Stereographic Projection. 10-5.3 Inverse Pole Figures. 10-6 Preparation of Pole Figures. 10-6.1 Photographic Methods. 10-6.2 Diffractometric Techniques. A. Introduction. B. Transmission technique; sheet specimen. C. Reflection technique; sheet specimen. D. Special instrumentation. E. The specimen and its alignment. 10-7 Miscellaneous. General References. Specific References. 11. Stress Measurement in Metals. 11-1 Advantages and Disadvantages of Diffraction Methods. 11-2 Elastic Stress-Strain Relationships. 11-3 Sum of the Principal Stresses in a Surface. 11-4 Component of Stress in any Desired Direction in a Surface. 11-4.1 Photographic Techniques. A. Double-Exposure Technique (DET). B. Single-Exposure Technique (SET). C. General Considerations. 11-4.2 Diffractometric Techniques. 11-4.3 Selected Investigations. A. Hardened Steel: Comparison of X-Ray and Mechanical Stress Measurements. B. Aluminum Alloy 2024 and Ingot Iron: Determination of Elastic constants. C. High-strength aluminum alloys: residual stress measurements. D. Measurement of a triaxial residual stress. E. Other experimental work and information. 11-5 Problems Raised by Plastic Deformation. General Reverences. Svecific References. 12. Radial-Distribution Studies of Noncrystalline Materials. 12-1 Theory. 12-2 Experimental Requirements. 12-3 Correction and Scaling of Experimental Intensities to Absolute (Electron) Units. 12-3.1 Correction for Air Scatter. 12-3.2 Correction for Absorption by the Sample. 12-3.3 Correction for Polarization. 12-3.4 Correction for Incoherent Scattering. 12-4 Unified Determination of µT, i(S), and Scaling Factor K. 12-5 Representative Experimental Procedure. 12-6 Sources of Error. 12-6.1 Choice of Increment ΔS in the Computation of ΣSi(S) sin rS ΔS. 12-6.2 Scaling of the Experimental Intensity Curve; Absorption orrections. 12-6.3 Discrete Errors in Si(S); Termination-of-Series Errors. 12-7 Specific Procedures for Minimizing Errors. 12-7.1 Application of a Damping Factor. 12-7.2 Use of an Electronic Distribution Function. 12-7.3 General Procedure for Removing Spurious Features from the RDF. 12-7.4 Method for Correcting the RDF for Termination-of-Series Errors Only. 12-8 Practical Examples. 12-8.1 Carbon Black. 12-8.2 Carbon Black: Unified Determination of µT, i(S), and Scaling Factor K. 12-8.3 Silica Glass. 12-8.4 Liquid Argon. 12-8.5 Vitreous Selenium. 12-8.6 Identification of Noncrystalline Patterns. 12-8.7 Other Representative Studies. A. Liquid hydrocarbons. B. Binary alloys. C. Aggregates of oriented linear and planar molecules. D. Helical molecules in solution. E. Biological systems. F. Oriented systems. 12-9 Further Remarks on Experimental Techniques. 12-10 Characterization of Ordering in Polymers. General References. Specific References. Appendix I Layout for a Diffraction Laboratory. Appendix II The Handling and Processing of X-ray Film. Appendix III Miscellaneous Constants and Numerical Data. Appendix IV International Atomic Weights. Appendix V Mass Absorption Coefficients µ/??? of the Elements (Z = 1 to 83) for a Selection of Wavelengths. Appendix VI Quadratic Forms for the Cubic System. Appendix VII Atomic and Ionic Scattering Factors. Appendix VIII Lorentz and Polarization Factors. Appendix IX Temperature Factor Table. Appendix X Warren's Powder Pattern Power Theorem. Author Index. Subject Index.

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Book SynopsisContact mechanics is a specialist area in engineering mechanics. It deals with non standard mechanics which frequently appear in real technical applications. Examples include the simulation of car crashes, human joints, car tyres, rubber seals and metal forming processes.Table of ContentsPreface. Introduction. Introduction to Contact Mechanics. Continuum Solid Mechanics and Weak Forms. Contact Kinematics. Constitutive Equations for Contact Interfaces. Contact Boundary Value Problem and Weak Form. Discretization of the Continuum. Discretization, Small Deformation Contact. Discretization, Large Deformation Contact. Solution Algorithms. Thermo-mechanical Contact. Beam Contact. Adaptive Finite Element Methods for Contact Problems. Computation of Critical Points with Contact Constraints. Appendix A: Gauss Integration Rules. Appendix B: Convective Coordinates. Appendix C: Parameter Identification for Friction Materials. References. Index.

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Book SynopsisThis Second Edition continues the fine tradition of its predecessor by exploring the various automatic control systems in aircraft and on board missiles. Considerably expanded and updated, it now includes new or additional material on: the effectiveness of beta-beta feedback as a method of obtaining coordination during turns using the F-15 as the aircraft model; the root locus analysis of a generic acceleration autopilot used in many air-to-air and surface-to-air guided missiles; the guidance systems of the AIM-9L Sidewinder as well as bank-to-turn missiles; various types of guidance, including proportional navigation and line-of-sight and lead-angle command guidance; the coupling of the output of a director fire control system into the autopilot; the analysis of multivariable control systems; and methods for modeling the human pilot, plus the integration of the human pilot into an aircraft flight control system. Also features many new additions to the appendices.Table of ContentsLongitudinal Dynamics. Longitudinal Autopilots. Lateral Dynamics. Lateral Autopilots. Inertial Cross-Coupling. Self-Adaptive Autopilots. Missile Control Systems. Guidance Systems. Integrated Flight/Fire Control System. Multivariable Control Systems. Structural Flexibility. Application of Statistical Design Principles. Pilot Modeling. Appendices. Index.

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Book SynopsisExamines the fundamentals and practice of both the design and operation of face seals, ranging from washing machines to rocket engine turbopumps. Topics include materials, tribology, heat transfer and solid mechanics. A variety of simple and complex models are proposed and evaluated and specific problems such as heat checking, blistering and instability are considered. Offers 64 tables and 364 references plus useful recommendations regarding the future of seal design.Table of ContentsThe Literature. Metrology, Tribology, and Materials. Seal Interface Tribological Modeling. Mechanical Seal Thermal System. Seal Face Deformation. Seal Systems and System Studies. Experimental Results and Model Validation. Design. Special Problems. Contemporary Design. Conclusions. Appendix. References. Index.

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Book SynopsisWritten for people of various professions and offering a modern approach to using value analysis for product development, this is a structured process that unites interdisciplinary teams in an organization to select and analyze projects in terms of investment potential and to integrate quality and productivity. It contains four sections that describe the nature, measurement, design and management of value.Table of ContentsTHE NATURE OF VALUE. The Value Force. Value, Growth, and Evolution. THE MEASUREMENT OF VALUE. Value Measurement. Value Measurement Techniques. Modeling the Dynamics of Value. Value and Decision Making. THE DESIGN OF VALUE. Function Analysis. Quality Function Deployment: The Total Product Concept. The Technology Road Map. Customer-Oriented Product Concepting. THE MANAGEMENT OF VALUE. Valuism. Value Management Methodologies. Value Management: Behavioral and Organizational Aspects. Value Planning. Valuism, Value Management, and the Future. Index.

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Book SynopsisExplores the heart of pattern recognition concepts, methods and applications using statistical, syntactic and neural approaches. Divided into four sections, it clearly demonstrates the similarities and differences among the three approaches. The second part deals with the statistical pattern recognition approach, starting with a simple example and finishing with unsupervised learning through clustering. Section three discusses the syntactic approach and explores such topics as the capabilities of string grammars and parsing; higher dimensional representations and graphical approaches. Part four presents an excellent overview of the emerging neural approach including an examination of pattern associations and feedforward nets. Along with examples, each chapter provides the reader with pertinent literature for a more in-depth study of specific topics.Table of ContentsSTATISTICAL PATTERN RECOGNITION (StatPR). Supervised Learning (Training) Using Parametric and NonparametricApproaches. Linear Discriminant Functions and the Discrete and Binary FeatureCases. Unsupervised Learning and Clustering. SYNTACTIC PATTERN RECOGNITION (SyntPR). Overview. Syntactic Recognition via Parsing and Other Grammars. Graphical Approaches to SyntPR. Learning via Grammatical Inference. NEURAL PATTERN RECOGNITION (NeurPR). Introduction to Neural Networks. Introduction to Neural Pattern Associators and MatrixApproaches. Feedforward Networks and Training by Backpropagation. Content Addressable Memory Approaches and Unsupervised Learning inNeurPR. Appendices. References. Permission Source Notes. Index.

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Book SynopsisNot only enables readers to include radiation as part of their design and analysis but also appreciate the radiative transfer processes in both nature and engineering systems.Table of ContentsThe Nature of Thermal Radiation. Radiative Properties and Simple Transfer. Diffuse Surface Transfer. Electromagnetic Theory Results. Classical Dispersion Theory. Monte Carlo Surface Transfer. Radiative Transfer Equation. Thermal Radiation Properties of Gases. Radiative Properties of Particles. Radiative Transfer in Nonscattering, Homogeneous Media. Nonisothermal Transfer: Radiative Equilibrium and Diffusion withIsotropic Scattering. Radiative Transfer with Anisotropic, Multiple Scattering. Radiative Transfer Coupled with Conduction and Convection. Monte Carlo in Participating Media. Appendices. Index.

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Book SynopsisClearly illustrates how established techniques can be easily understood and used with a sample size that is smaller than normally envisioned. Provides solutions to complex industrial problems by demonstrating how to define the problem and evaluate it statistically with the aim of accelerating product design testing that requires fewer samples and offers more information with less test effort. Along with examples, it contains detailed additional material presented in tabular form for both easy reference and cross-reference.Table of ContentsPartial table of contents: MANAGEMENT PHILOSOPHY AND BASIC STATISTICAL CONCEPTS. Managing Problem Solving, Decision Making, and ProcessImprovement. Probability and Hazard Plotting. Distributions and Statistical Processes. SOLVING DEFINED PROBLEMS. Inferences: Continuous Response. Comparison Tests. Reliability Testing: Repairable System. Factorial Experiments and Variance Components Analysis:Concepts/Designs. Factorial Experiments and Variance Components: ComputerAnalyses. Factorial Experiments: Taguchi Contributions. Response Surface and Mixture Designs. Pass/Fail Functional Testing. Analyses of Processes. COMBINING VARIOUS STATISTICAL CONCEPTS AND OTHER IMPLEMENTATIONTOOLS. Determining the Needs of the Customer. Development and Manufacturing Process Improvement ``Tools''. Examples with Do-It-Smarter Considerations. Appendices. References. Indexes.

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Book SynopsisA companion volume and sequel to The Wiley Engineer''s Desk Reference. Covers major areas regarding the technology of engineering and its operational methodology, accentuating questions of schedule and schedule maintenance. Describes professional practice skills and engineering aspects essential to success. Includes a slew of examples, checklists, sample forms and documents to facilitate understanding.Table of ContentsTHE PROJECT. The Project. THE ENGINEERING PROCESS. The Engineering Process. Design Control. Engineering Organization. PROJECT OPERATIONS. Scheduling and Forecasting. Estimating and Cost Control. Material Acquisition. Project Management. International Projects. PROFESSIONAL PRACTICE. Proposals. Contracts and Legal Considerations. Human Resources. Business Operations. Appendices. Selected References. Index.

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Book SynopsisRecent advances in technology have allowed ever increasing speeds of aircraft. With this increase in speed comes the need for enhanced systems to navigate and control these vehicles to precise requirements. This book covers the basics through the recent advances in navigation theory and hardware/software.Table of ContentsThe Navigation Equations (M. Kayton). Multisensor Navigation Systems (J. Huddle & R. Brown). Terrestrial Radio-Navigation Systems (B. Uttam, et al.). Satellite Radio Navigation (A. Van Dierendonck). Terrestrial Integrated Radio Communication-Navigation Systems (W.Fried, et al.). Inertial Navigation (D. Tazartes, et al.). Air-Data Systems (S. Osder). Attitude and Heading References (M. Kayton & W. Wing). Doppler and Altimeter Radars (W. Fried, et al.). Mapping and Multimode Radars (J. Pearson, et al.). Celestial Navigation (E. Knobbe & G. Haas). Landing Systems (D. Vickers, et al.). Air Traffic Management (C. Miller & J. Scardina). Avionics Interfaces (C. Spitzer). References. Index.

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Book SynopsisUses an integrated approach to show the interrelationships between thermodynamics, heat transfer and fluid dynamics, stressing the physics of each. Mathematical description is included to allow the solution of simple problems in thermal sciences. New to this edition--SI and English units plus twice as many example problems which emphasize practical applications of the principles discussed.Table of ContentsThermodynamic Concepts and Definitions. Properties of Pure Substances. System Analysis--First and Second Laws. Control Volume Analysis. External Flow--Fluid Viscous and Thermal Effects. Internal Flows--Fluid Viscous and Thermal Effects. Conduction Heat Transfer. Thermal Radiation Heat Transfer. Appendix. Answers to Selected Problems. Index.

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Book SynopsisSurveys the wide spectrum of automated systems available to improve manufacturing productivity including robots, numerical control machines, programmable controllers, computer controllers and microprocessor-based automated systems. Completely updated, it features industry case studies, revised and expanded problem sections and new material on product design, CAD, Karnaugh Maps and CIM.Table of ContentsGetting Ready to Automate. Building Blocks of Automation. Mechanization of Parts Handling. Automatic Production and Assembly. Numerical Control and CAD/CAM. Industrial Robots. Teaching Robots to Do Work. Machine Vision Systems. Robot Implementation. Industrial Applications of Robots. Industrial Logic Control Systems. Logic Diagramming. Programmable Logic Controllers. On-Line Computer Control. Microprocessors. Computer Integrated Manufacturing. Ethics. References. Appendices. Index.

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Book SynopsisTakes into account the effective use of human factors issues in advanced manufacturing which would make the difference between the failure or success of industrial corporations. International authorities describe how to implement methods and techniques, applicable on a global basis, into manufacturing and process industries where change is being brought about as they move to concurrent engineering formats of operation.Table of ContentsPartial table of contents: Technologies of Advanced Manufacturing (H. Warnecke & M.Hueser). Evolution and Diffusion of Advanced Manufacturing Systems (J.Ranta). Human Roles in Advanced Manufacturing Technology (W. Wobbe & T.Charles). Employee Compensation (B. Gerhart & R. Bretz). Human Aspects of Total Quality Management (W. Golomski). Skill-Based Automated Manufacturing (P. Kidd). Reflecting on Work Practice: The Role of People and Organizations(E. Havn). Managing the Change to Automated Manufacturing (J. LaMarsh). International Perspectives on Computer-Integrated Manufacturing (R.Badham). Computer-Integrated Business Systems in Companies of the Future(H.-J. Bullinger, et al.). Index.

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Book SynopsisBased on methods of actual product developments from Goodyear Aerospace and Hewlett-Packard, this engrossing book provides specific guidelines plus a wealth of data for rapid and efficient development of new products using a systems theory which works vertically through an industry''s management structure and horizontally across functions that contribute to new product development. Demonstrates how to integrate the best available tools with appropriate techniques and how to deliver new products within performance objectives and budget. An abundance of checklists, data and reference material enable readers to implement the methods presented.Table of ContentsBusiness Definition. Product Definition. Plan Synthesis. Plan Analysis. Execution. Application. Appendix. Bibliography. Index.

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Book SynopsisA brand-new edition of the classic guide on low-speed wind tunnel testing While great advances in theoretical and computational methods have been made in recent years, low-speed wind tunnel testing remains essential for obtaining the full range of data needed to guide detailed design decisions for many practical engineering problems.Table of ContentsWind Tunnels. Wind Tunnel Design. Pressure, Flow, and Shear Stress Measurements. Flow Visualization. Calibration of the Test Section. Forces and Moments from Balance Measurements. Use of Wind Tunnel Data: Scale Effects. Boundary Corrections I: Basics and Two- Dimensional Cases. Boundary Corrections II: Three-Dimensional Flow. Boundary Corrections III: Additional Applications. Additional Considerations for Aerodynamic Experiments. Aircraft and Aircraft Components. Ground Vehicles. Marine Vehicles. Wind Engineering. Small Wind Tunnels. Dynamic Tests. Appendices. Index.

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Book SynopsisDue to a dramatic increase in the interest and understanding of boiler-tube failure analysis, this edition has been updated and expanded. New features include material on fluid dynamics, heat transfer and stress calculations; remaining life assessment of boilers being used beyond their original design expectations; mechanical engineering aspects of boiler design; more information on fatigue, creep, thermal stress for carbon as well as stainless steels; suggestions to prevent future failures.Table of ContentsDesign Considerations. Metallurgical Principles: Ferritic Steels. Stainless Steels. Failures Caused by Gas-Metal Reactions. Corrosion-Caused Failures. Weld Failures. Failure Prevention. Appendix. Index.

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Book SynopsisFailure of Materials in Mechanical Design: Analysis, Prediction, Prevention, 2nd Edition, covers the basic principles of failure of metallic and non-metallic materials in mechanical design applications. Updated to include new developments on fracture mechanics, including both linear-elastic and elastic-plastic mechanics. Contains new material on strain and crack development and behavior. Emphasizes the potential for mechanical failure brought about by the stresses, strains and energy transfers in machine parts that result from the forces, deflections and energy inputs applied.Table of ContentsThe Role of Failure Prevention Analysis in Mechanical Design. Modes of Mechanical Failure. Strength and Deformation of Engineering Metals. State of Stress. Relationships Between Stress and Strain. Combined Stress Theories of Failure and Their Use in Design. High-Cycle Fatigue. Concepts of Cumulative Damage, Life Prediction, and FractureControl. Use of Statistics in Fatigue Analysis. Fatigue Testing Procedures and Statistical Interpretations ofData. Low-Cycle Fatigue. Stress Concentration. Creep, Stress Rupture, and Fatigue. Fretting, Fretting Fatigue, and Fretting Wear. Shock and Impact. Buckling and Instability. Wear, Corrosion, and Other Important Failure Modes. Index.

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Book SynopsisThis comprehensive reference presents the latest techniques for numerical analysis of forming operations. This is the perfect tool for those who wish to investigate new analytical methods for forming.Table of ContentsThe Tensile Test and Basic Material Behavior. Tensors, Matrices, Notation. Stress. Strain. Standard Mechanical Principles. Elasticity. Plasticity. Crystal-Based Plasticity. Friction. Classical Forming Analysis. Index.

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Book SynopsisHandbook for the computation and empirical estimation of reliability. Introduces an incomparable volume of easily applicable, cutting-edge results originated by prominent Russian reliability specialists. Completely covers probabilistic reliability, statistical reliability and optimization with simple, step-by-step, numerical examples.Table of ContentsPartial table of contents: PROBABILITY. Basic Concepts, Measures, and Definition. Units. Unrenewable Equipment. Renewable Systems. Repairable Dual Systems. Systems with Network Structures. Evaluation of System Effectiveness. Systems with Time Redundancy. Queuing Systems with Unreliable Service Channels. Mechanical Equipment. STATISTICS. Estimation of Equipment Reliability from Tests. Acceptance-Rejection Tests. Accelerated Tests. Reliability Growth. Monte Carlo Simulations. OPTIMIZATION. Optimal Redundancy. Optimal Supply of Spare Parts. Optimal Control of Inventories of Spare Parts. Optimal Maintenance. Appendices. References. Index.

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Book SynopsisDescribes principles and methodologies necessary to build efficient and highly productive work systems in high tech organizations that must develop and deploy new products in a timely fashion with competitive advantage. Presents techniques applicable to small high tech consumer products or large complex systems requiring cost control, waste minimization and rapid product development. Stresses methodologies to be used for strategic advantage. Suggests diverse strategic plans and their pros and cons, depending on the product and markets.Table of ContentsPartial table of contents: THE TECHNOLOGICAL INNOVATION PROCESS. Some Frameworks for Viewing the Process. THE CORPORATE SETTING. The Corporate Technological Innovation Base. Technological Innovation Management: Planning and Strategies. THE R&D SETTING. R&D Management: Some General Considerations. Project-Product Evaluation. Project Management. THE OPERATIONAL SETTING. Transferring the Project from R&D to Operations. THE ENTREPRENEURIAL SETTING. Creating the New Technological Venture. Small in Large Is Also Beautiful: StimulatingIntrapreneurship. THE STRATEGIC SETTING. Interpreneurship: Technology Acquisition and Partnering. Index.

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Book SynopsisWritten for engineering students, this textbook on numerical methods stresses the typical methods that engineers use in daily practice. A chapter on design introduces problems which bring relevance to the use of this tool in engineering situations.Table of ContentsFOUNDATIONS. Systems of Linear Algebraic Equations. Nonlinear Algebraic Equations. DATA ANALYSIS. Statistics and Least-Squares Approximation. Curve Fitting. NUMERICAL CALCULUS. Differentiation and Integration. Ordinary Differential Equations. ADVANCED TOPICS. Matrix Eigenproblems. Introduction to Partial Differential Equations. Design and Optimization. Appendices. References. Bibliography. Answers to Selected Problems. Index.

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Book SynopsisAddresses fundamentals and advanced topics relevant to the behavior of materials under in-service conditions such as impact, shock, stress and high-strain rate deformations. Deals extensively with materials from a microstructure perspective which is the future direction of research today.Table of ContentsDynamic Deformation and Waves. Elastic Waves. Plastic Waves. Shock Waves. Shock Waves: Equations of State. Differential Form of Conservation Equations and Numerical Solutionsto More Complex Problems. Shock Wave Attenuation, Interaction, and Reflection. Shock Wave-Induced Phase Transformations and ChemicalChanges. Explosive-Material Interactions. Detonation. Experimental Techniques: Diagnostic Tools. Experimental Techniques: Methods to Produce DynamicDeformation. Plastic Deformation at High Strain Rates. Plastic Deformation in Shock Waves. Shear Bands (Thermoplastic Shear Instabilities). Dynamic Fracture. Applications. Indexes.

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Book SynopsisTakes into account the human element as well as the classical aspects of mechanical, electrical and chemical designs that contribute to risk. Features a significant amount of data essential for risk analysis not normally available. Contains numerous examples of authentic applications and case studies.Table of ContentsConducting Human Reliability Analysis. Formal Methods for Estimating Human Reliability. HRA Fault and Event Trees. Existing Data Sources and Data Bank. HRA: A Case Study for Nuclear Processing Facility Design. HRA Case Study for a Nuclear Power Plant: Containment VentingProcedure. Relation of HRA to Systems Safety and System Performance. Simulators and Simulation as a Tool for Evaluating HumanReliability. Organizational Factors and Human Reliability. Outstanding Issues. Behavioral Mechanisms Underlying Human Error. The Problem: Representation of Errors of Commission (CognitiveError) in PRA. HRA and the Impact of Emerging Hardware and SoftwareTechnologies. Bibliography. Index.

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Book SynopsisAddresses the key aspects of modern soldering technology and the methods used in the manufacturing process of microelectronic chips and electronic circuit boards. Demonstrates how to control contamination during cleaning procedures. Covers material dynamics of heat soldering incurred during the assembly of diverse substances.Table of ContentsSolders, Solder Fluxes, and Solder Pastes. Wave Soldering. Reflow Soldering. Cleaning and Contamination. Reliability and Quality. Rework, Repair, and Manual Assembly. Appendix. Glossary of Soldering Terms. Index.

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Book SynopsisCircuit designers, packaging engineers, printed board fabricators, and procurement personnel will find this book''s microelectronic package design-for-reliability guidelines and approaches essential for achieving their life-cycle, cost-effectiveness, and on-time delivery goals. Its uniquely organized, time-phased approach to design, development, qualification, manufacture, and in-service management shows you step-by-step how to: * Define realistic system requirements in terms of mission profile, operating life, performance expectations, size, weight, and cost * Define the system usage environment so that all operating, shipping, and storage conditions, including electrical, thermal, radiation, and mechanical loads, are assessed using realistic data * Identify potential failure modes, sites, mechanisms, and architecture-stress interactions--PLUS appropriate measures you can take to reduce, eliminate, or accommodate expected failures * CharacterizTable of ContentsDesign for Reliability Concepts. Starting the Design Process. Substrates. Wire and Wirebonds. Tape Automated Bonding. Flip-Chip Bonding. Attachment. Case. Leads. Lead Seals. Lid Seal and Lid. Index.

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Book SynopsisPresents a framework of worldwide problems, issues and solutions relevant to the design of work and development of personnel in advanced manufacturing systems. Focuses on people and their central roles in automated production resulting from rapid computer-based integration. Addresses social, technical, organizational, managerial and ecological design issues relating to manufacturing success and the business objectives of a firm. Provides solutions to problems of integrating the human element into the production process.Table of ContentsPartial table of contents: Job Design (G. Spur, et al.). Human Supervisory Control (T. Sheridan). Design of Work and Technology (P. Brodner). Personnel Selection and Training (J. Hedge, et al.). Decision Support Systems for Computer-Integrated Manufacturing (G.Evans & M. Gupta). Sources of Performance Variability (T. Smith, et al.). Human Factors in Test and Inspection (C. Drury & P.Prabhu). Managing Human Reliability in Advanced Manufacturing Systems (B.Zimolong & R. Trimpop). Human Aspects of Indutrial Robotics (W. Karwowski, et al.). Future Trends in Computer-Integrated Manufacturing (W. He & A.Kusiak). Index.

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Book SynopsisThe use of hydraulic control is rapidly growing and the objective of this book is to present a rational and well--balanced treatment of its components and systems. Coverage includes a review of applicable topics in fluid mechanisms; components encountered in hydraulic servo controlled systems; systems oriented issues and much more.Table of ContentsHydraulic Fluids. Fluid Flow Fundamentals. Hydraulic Pumps and Motors. Hydraulic Control Valves. Hydraulic Power Elements. Electrohydraulic Servovalves. Electrohydraulic Servomechanisms. Hydromechanical Servomechanisms. Nonlinearities in Control Systems. Pressure and Flow Control Valves. Hydraulic Power Supplies. Index.

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Book SynopsisThis popular reference offers a clear understanding of the scientific principles of ceramics processing required for the development and production of new advanced ceramics. In the latest edition significant new material has been added to the chapters on raw materials, liquids and surfactants, vapor deposition, printing, coating processes and firing. Contains several new features including processing flow diagrams, tables summarizing important points, 100+ new figures as well as descriptions of defects and their causes which are either itemized in the text or summarized in a table. Also includes numerous problems and examples following each chapter.Table of ContentsPartial table of contents: Ceramics Processing and Ceramic Products. Surface Chemistry. CERAMIC RAW MATERIALS. Special Inorganic Chemicals. MATERIALS CHARACTERIZATION. Particle Size and Shape. Density, Pore Structure, and Specific Surface Area. PROCESSING ADDITIVES. Liquids and Wetting Agents. Flocculants, Binders, and Bonds. PARTICLE PACKING, CONSISTENCY, AND BATCH CALCULATIONS. Batch Consistency and Formulation. PARTICLE MECHANICS AND RHEOLOGY. Mechanics of Unsaturated Bodies. BENEFICIATION. Comminution. Granulation. FORMING. Pressing. Injection Molding. POSTFORMING PROCESSES. Drying. Firing. Appendices. Index.

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Book SynopsisWritten by an author who has devoted the past twenty--five years of his life to studying and designing shock wave engines, this unique book offers comprehensive coverage of the theory and practice of shock wave engine design.Table of ContentsReview of Thermodynamics. One-Dimensional Adiabatic Flow. Time-Dependent Flow. Applications of Time-Dependent, One-Dimensional Flow with ShockWaves. Design of the Wave Rotor. Seals, Materials, and Blade Temperatures. Losses, Flow, and Wave Approximations. Wave Engine Compounded with Gas Turbine. Compound Engines. Off-Design Operation of the Wave Rotor. Preliminary Design of the Basic Wave Engine. Appendices. List of Symbols. References. Index.

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Book SynopsisDesigned to provide students with the core understanding necessary to pursue the subject of ceramics as it now exists and to be prepared for any surprises likely to emerge. Key concepts are developed in a sequence which builds on firm foundations, using the material learned so that its significance is continuously reinforced.Table of ContentsStructure of Ceramics. Defects in Ceramics. Mass and Electrical Transport. Phase Equilibria. Microstructure. Index.

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Book SynopsisThe first book to combine all of the various topics relevant to low--cost automation. Practical approach covers methods immediately applicable to industrial problems, showing how to select the most appropriate control method for a given application, then design the necessary circuit.Table of ContentsMotion Actuators. Sensors. Introduction to Switching Theory. Industrial Switching Elements. Electric Ladder Diagrams. Sequential Systems with Random Inputs. Pneumatic Control Circuits. Miscellaneous Switching Elements and Systems. Semiflexible Automation: Hardware Programmers. Flexible Automation: Programmable Controllers. Flexible Automation: Microcomputers. Introduction to Assembly Automation. Robotics and Numerical Control. Appendices. Index.

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Book SynopsisComprehensive in scope, it describes the process of system safety--from the creation and management of a safety program on a system under development to the analysis that must be performed as this system is designed and produced to assure acceptable risk in its operation. Unique in its coverage, it is the only work on this subject that combines full descriptions of the management and analysis processes and procedures in one handy volume. Designed for both system safety managers and engineers, it incorporates the safety procedures used by the Department of Defense and NASA and explains basic statistical methods and network analysis methods which provide an understanding of the engineering analysis methods that follow.Table of ContentsMANAGEMENT. System Life Cycle. System Safety Implementation. System Safety Management Organization. System Safety Control. System Safety in System Operation. STATISTICAL METHODS. Probability--A Safety Evaluation Tool. Descriptive Data Measures. Methods of Safety Data Analysis. Binomial Distribution. Multinomial Distribution. Hypergeometric Distribution. Poisson Distribution. Normal Distribution. Lognormal Distribution. Weibull Distribution. Confidence Limits. NETWORK ANALYSIS. Event Systems. Boolean Algebra. Cut Sets. HAZARD ANALYSIS. Elements of Hazard Analysis. Preliminary Hazard Analysis. Subsystem Hazard Analysis. System Hazard Analysis. Operating and Support Hazard Analysis. Fault Hazard Analysis.. Failure Mode and Effects Analysis. Fault Tree Analysis. Software Hazard Analysis. Sneak Circuit Analysis. RISK ANALYSIS. Risk Assessment in Safety. DECISION ANALYSIS. Decision Methods for Safety. Appendices. Index.

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Book SynopsisThis up-to-date reference covers the thermal design, operation and maintenance of the three major components in industrial heating and air conditioning systems including fossil fuel-fired boilers, waste heat boilers and air conditioning evaporators.Table of ContentsBasic Design Methods of Heat Exchangers (S. Kakac & E.Paykoc). Forced Convection Correlations for Single-Phase Side of HeatExchangers (S. Kakac & R. Oskay). Heat Exchanger Fouling (A. Agrawal & S. Kakac). Industrial Heat Exchanger Design Practices (J. Taborek). Fossil-Fuel-Fired Boilers: Fundamentals and Elements (J. Kitto& M. Albrecht). Once-Through Boilers (R. Leithner). Thermohydraulic Design of Fossil-Fuel-Fired Boiler Components (Z.Lin). Nuclear Steam Generators and Waste Heat Boilers (J. Collier). Heat Transfer in Condensation (P. Marto). Steam Power Plant and Process Condensers (D. Butterworth). Evaporators and Condensers for Refrigeration and Air-ConditioningSystems (M. Pate). Evaporators and Reboilers in the Process and Chemical Industries(P. Whalley). Appendix. Tables. Index.

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Book SynopsisFundamental equations are used to study the different transport properties of fluids as they have significant design implications. Offering comprehensive coverage of both transport phenomena and numerical and analytical solutions to problems, this is a treatment of a field.Trade Review"...a valuable text not only for senior and graduate students...but also for engineers working in these fields." (Zentralbaltt MATH, May 2005)Table of ContentsTRANSPORT PHENOMENA. Conservation Equations. Incompressible Fluid Dynamics. Conduction Heat Transfer. Forced Convection. Natural Convection. Radiation Heat Transfer. Mass Transfer. NUMERICAL SOLUTION. Finite Differences. Elliptic Equations. Finite Volume Method. Index.

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Book SynopsisA text/reference on analysis of structures that deform in use. Presents a new, integrated approach to analytical dynamics, structural dynamics and control theory and goes beyond classical dynamics of rigid bodies to incorporate analysis of flexibility of structures.Table of ContentsNewtonian Mechanics. Principles of Analytical Mechanics. Concepts from Linear System Theory. Lumped-Parameter Structures. Control of Lumped-Parameter Systems: Classical Approach. Control of Lumped-Parameter Systems: Modern Approach. Distributed-Parameter Structures: Exact and ApproximateMethods. Control of Distributed Structures. A Review of Literature on Structural Control. References. Author Index. Subject Index.

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Book SynopsisThis Second Edition of the well--received work on design, construction, and operation of heat exchangers. Demonstrates how to apply theories of fluid mechanics and heat transfer to practical problems posed by design, testing, and installation of heat exchangers.Table of ContentsHeat Exchanger Types and Construction. Heat Exchanger Fabrication. Heat Transmission and Fluid Flow. Performance Estimation. Boiling Heat Transfer and Flow Stability. Heat Pipes. Fluidized Beds. Flow Distribution Problems. Stress Analysis. Service Life, Reliability, and Maintenance. General Design Considerations and Approaches. Liquid-to-Liquid Heat Exchangers. Gas-to-Gas Heat Exchangers. Liquid-to-Gas Heat Exchangers. Steam Generators. Condensers. Heat Exchangers for Liquid Metals and Molten Salts. Heat Exchangers Operating on Radiant Energy. Cooling Towers. Heat Exchanger Tests. Handbook. Nomenclature, Constants, and Conversion Factors. Physical Properties Affecting Heat Transfer. Fluid Flow and Pressure Drop. LMTD and Thermal Effectiveness. Heat Transfer. Geometric Data for Tube Bundles and Header Sheets. Dimensional and Related Data for Pipes, Tubes, and Fins. Stress Analysis. Cost Estimation. Index.

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Book SynopsisThe Fifth Edition of this classic work retains the most useful portions of Timoshenko''s book on vibration theory and introduces powerful, modern computational techniques. The normal mode method is emphasized for linear multi-degree and infinite-degree-of-freedom systems and numerical methods dominate the approach to nonlinear systems. A new chapter on the finite-element method serves to show how any continuous system can be discretized for the purpose of simplifying the analysis. Includes revised problems, examples of applications and computer programs.Table of ContentsPreface xi 1 Systems with One Degree of Freedom 1 1.1 Examples of One-Degree Systems 1 1.2 Undamped Free Translational Vibrations 2 1.3 Rotational Vibrations 12 1.4 Energy Method 24 1.5 Rayleigh’s Method 24 1.6 Forced Vibrations: Steady State 39 1.7 Forced Vibrations with Viscous Damping 52 1.8 Free Vibrations with Viscous Damping 61 1.9 Forced Vibrations with Viscous Damping 61 1.10 Equivalent Viscous Damping 69 1.11 General Periodic Forcing Functions 76 1.12 Arbitrary Forcing Functions 84 1.13 Arbitrary Support Motions 93 1.14 Response Spectra 99 1.15 Step-by-Step Response Calculations 107 References 113 Problems 114 2 Systems with Nonlinear Characteristics 139 2.1 Examples of Nonlinear Systems 139 2.2 Direct Integration for Velocity and Period 149 2.3 Approximate Methods for Free Vibrations 157 2.4 Forced Nonlinear Vibrations 166 2.5 Piecewise-Linear Systems 175 2.6 Numerical Solutions for Nonlinear Systems 190 References 207 Problems 208 3 Systems with Two Degrees of Freedom 217 3.1 Examples of Two-Degree Systems 217 3.2 Action Equations: Stiffness Coefficients 223 3.3 Displacement Equations: Flexibility Coefficients 225 3.4 Inertial and Gravitational Coupling 233 3.5 Undamped Free Vibrations 241 3.6 Undamped Forced Vibrations 251 3.7 Free Vibrations with Viscous Dampling 260 3.8 Forced Vibrations with Viscous Dampling 265 References 267 Problems 267 4 Systems with Multiple Degrees of Freedom 275 4.1 Introduction 275 4.2 Frequencies and Mode Shapes for Undamped Systems 276 4.3 Principal and Normal Coordinates 287 4.4 Normal-Mode Response to Initial Conditions 295 4.5 Normal-Mode Response to Applied Actions 301 4.6 Normal-Mode Response to Support Motions 309 4.7 Iteration Method for Frequencies and Mode Shapes 318 4.8 Damping in Multidegree Systems 333 4.9 Damped Response to Periodic Forcing Functions 337 4.10 Transient Response of Damped Systems 343 4.11 Step-by-Step Response Calculations 347 References 352 Problems 352 5 Continua with Infinite Degrees of Freedom 363 5.1 Introduction 363 5.2 Free Longitudinal Vibrations of Prismatic Bars 364 5.3 Forced Longitudinal Response of Prismatic Bars 373 5.4 Normal-Mode Method for Prismatic Bars 380 5.5 Prismatic Bar with a Mass or Spring at the End 387 5.6 Bars Subjected to Longitudinal Support Motions 395 5.7 Torsional Vibrations of Circular Shafts 401 5.8 Transverse Vibrations of Stretched Wires 409 5.9 Transverse Vibrations of Prismatic Beams 416 5.10 Transverse Vibrations of a Simple Beam 422 5.11 Vibrations of Beams with Other End Conditions 425 5.12 Effects of Rotary Inertia and Shearing Deformations 433 5.13 Forced Response of a Simple Beam 436 5.14 Forced Response of Beams with Other End Conditions 442 5.15 Beams Subjected to Support Motions 444 5.16 Beams Traversed by Moving Loads 448 5.17 Effect of Axial Force on Vibrations of Beams 454 5.18 Beams on Eastic Supports or Elastic Foundations 456 5.19 Ritz Method for Calculating Frequencies 461 5.20 Vibrations of Nonprismatic Beams 466 5.21 Coupled Flexural and Torsional Vibrations of Beams 474 5.22 Vibrations of Circular Rings 478 5.23 Transverse Vibrations of Membranes 495 5.24 Transverse Vibrations of Plates 495 References 505 Problems 506 6 Finite-Element Method for Discretized Continua 511 6.1 Introduction 511 6.2 Stresses and Strains in Continua 513 6.3 Equations of Motion for Finite Elements 516 6.4 One-Dimensional Elements 520 6.5 Vibrations of Beams by Finite Elements 534 References 542 Problems 543 Bibliography 551 Appendix A Systems of Units and Material Properties 553 A.1 Systems of Units 553 A.2 Material Properties 555 Appendix B Computer Programs 557 B.1 Introduction 557 B.2 Step-by-Step Solutions for Linear One-Degree Systems 558 B.3 Numerical Solutions for Nonlinear One-Degree Systems B.4 Iteration of Eigenvalues and Eigenvectors 562 B.5 Step-by-Step Solutions for Linear Multidegree Systems 565 B.6 Program Notation 567 Flowcharts for Programs 569 Answers to Problems 587 Index 603

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Book SynopsisOffers practical coverage of vibration stresses and stress-induced displacements, isolation of sensitive components, and evaluation of elastic instability, fatigue and fracture as potential failure modes that arise in mechanical designs and aerospace. The approach taken is particularly useful in the early design stage--the physical problem is defined via known paramaters and a methodology is given for determining the unknown quantities and relating them to specified limiting values and failure modes to obtain an acceptable design. Many of the calculations can be performed on a PC or programmable calculator.Table of ContentsMechanical Loads and Failure Modes. Natural Frequency of Simple Components. Natural Frequency of Simple Structures. Random Vibration. Shock. Isolation. Fatigue. Fracture. Elastic Instability. Structural Analysis of Mounted Housings. Venting. Thermal Analysis. References. Appendices. Index.

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Book SynopsisThe Eighth Edition of the standard engineering economy text and reference explains the principles and techniques needed for making decisions about the acquisition and retirement of capital goods by industry and government, as well as alternative types of financing and other applications. Arranged in four parts: basic concepts, principles, and mathematics; procedures and methods for evaluating alternatives; techniques for handling special situations; and special applications. Introduces the use of computers and spreadsheets in evaluating engineering alternatives. Includes up-to-date coverage of federal tax legislation, extensive discussions and problems dealing with personal finance, and material on handling multiple alternatives by rate of return and benefit/cost ratio methods. Contains numerous examples and 476 problems, many entirely new. Accompanied by a complete solutions manual for the instructor.Table of ContentsPartial table of contents: SOME BASIC CONCEPTS IN ENGINEERING ECONOMY. JUDGING THE ATTRACTIVENESS OF PROPOSED INVESTMENTS. Equivalent Uniform Annual Cash Flow. Measures Involving Costs, Benefits and Effectiveness. Estimating Income Tax Consequences of Certain Decisions. TECHNIQUES FOR EVALUATING ALTERNATIVES. Financing Effects on Economy Studies. Capital Budgeting and the Choice of a Minimum Attractive Rate ofReturn. Prospective Inflation and Sensitivity Analysis. SPECIAL APPLICATIONS OF ENGINEERING ECONOMY. Aspects of Economy Studies for Governmental Activities. Aspects of Economy Studies for Regulated Businesses. Index.

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Book SynopsisAddressing some of the most challenging issues of the industrial world today including, risk and security, green building design, design for green chemistry, globalization, and corporate responsibility, this book provides managers with a practical framework to identify and assess options for improving the sustainability of their firm.Trade Review"...an excellent description of the state of the chemical industry with regard to sustainability...it is a daunting, virtually impossible task to do credit to the wide-ranging discussion in this book." (Journal of Hazardous Materials, August 2006) "...a very significant addition to the efforts to advance sustainable development. It will be widely read and applied by those who are working in the chemical industry." (Journal of Environmental Quality, March/April 2006)Table of ContentsForeword. Preface. 1. Introduction. 2. Addressing Sustainability in the Chemical Industry (Marianne Lines (BRIDGES to Sustainability)). 2.1 Introduction. 2.2 Understanding the Chemical Industry. 2.3 Drivers of Sustainability. 2.4 The Role of Responsible Care in Advancing Sustainable Development. 2.5 Challenges Ahead. 3. Views on Key Issues Facing the Chemical Industry. 3.1 Introduction (Marianne Lines (BRIDGES to Sustainability)). 3.2 The Chemical Industry and the Public: Will the Chemical Experiment Continue? (Beverley Thorpe (Clean Production Action)). 3.3 Risk Assessment. 3.4 The Limits of Risk Management and the New Chemicals Policies (Ken Geiser (Lowell Center for Sustainable Production, University of Massachusetts–Lowell)). 3.5 Impacts to Human Health and the Environment. 3.6 Impacts of, and Issues Associated with, Chemical Production from Manufacture to Final Use and Disposal (Richard Sigman (Organisation for Economic Co-Operation and Development [OECD])). 3.7 Closing the Gap on Chemical Plant Security (Agnes M Shanley (Pharmaceutical Manufacturing Magazine)). 3.8 Economic Issues and Competitiveness (Peter H Spitz (Chemical Advisory Partners)). 4. Planning for Sustainability (Beth Beloff (BRIDGES to Sustainability)). 4.1 Introduction. 4.2 GEMI’s Approach to Sustainable Development Planning (Elizabeth C Girardi Schoen (Pfizer, Inc.), Stephen Poltorzycki (The Boston Environmental Group)). 4.3 Environmental Management Systems (EMS) Frameworks for Sustainability. 4.4 The Natural Step Framework: Backcasting from Principles of Sustainability (Karl-Henrik Robe`rt (Blekinge Technical University and The Natural Step, Stockholm), Sissel Waage (The Natural Step, USA) and Dicksen Tanzil (BRIDGES to Sustainability)). 4.5 Natural Capitalism for the Chemical Industry (Catherine Greener (Rocky Mountain Institute)). 4.6 Sustainable Value in the Chemical Industry (Dave Sherman (Sustainable Value Partners)). 4.7 CSR/SRI Reporting Complexity and the Future 500 CAP Gap Audit: An Opportunity for Improved Strategic Business Planning and Stakeholder Alignment (Cate Gable (Future500)). 5. Designing for Sustainability. 5.1 Introduction. 5.2 Cradle-to-Cradle Material Assessment and Product Design (Lauren Heine (GreenBlue)). 5.3 Principles of Sustainable Engineering (Martin A Abraham (University of Toledo)). 6. Implementing Sustainable Development: Decision-Support Approaches and Tools. 6.1 Assessing Impacts: Indicators and Metrics. 6.2 Assessing Values: Costs and Benefits. 6.3 Auditing Sustainability Performance. 6.4 Reporting Sustainability Performance: Latest Trends in Corporate Reporting, New Tools, and Practices (Stephanie Meyer (Stratos Inc.)). 6.5 Security and Sustainability (Scott Berger (American Institute of Chemical Engineers [AIChE])). 6.6 Building Corporate Social Responsibility (Neil Smith and Joan Bigham (Smith O’Brien)). 7. Future Directions for the Chemical Industry. 7.1 Sustainable Directions for the Chemical Industry: A Look to the Future (Ken Geiser (Lowell Center for Sustainable Production, University of Massachusetts–Lowell)). 7.2 Rethinking Products. 7.3 New Directions. 8. The Business Case for Sustainable Development. 8.1 Introduction. 8.2 PricewaterhouseCoopers/ BRIDGES Survey Results) (Andrew Savitz, Douglas Hileman and Michael Besly (PricewaterhouseCoopers, LLP)). 8.3 Sustainability and Performance: An Overview (Karina Funk (Massachusetts Renewable Energy Trust)). 8.4 DuPont: Growing Sustainably (Dicksen Tanzil (BRIDGES to Sustainability), Dawn G Rittenhouse (DuPont), Beth R Beloff (BRIDGES to Sustainability)). 8.5 Business Value from Sustainable Development at shell (Mark Wade (Shell International Limited) and Joe Machado (Shell Chemical LP)). 8.6 Sustainable Development: An Integral Part of BASF’s Corporate Values (Ernst Schwanhold (BASF Aktiengesellschaft)). 8.7 The GSK Approach to Sustainable Development (David J C Constable, Alan Curzons, Ailsa Duncan, Concepcion Jiménez-González and Virginia L Cunningham (Glaxo Smith Kline, USA)). 8.8 Moving 3M Toward Sustainability: The Business Case for Sustainable Development (Keith J Miller (3M)). 8.9 Achieving Business Value: The Investment Community Perspective on the Importance of Including Environmental and Social Aspects in Valuations (Don Reed (ECOS Corporation)). 8.10 Investment Analysis: Dow and Bhopal, India (Marc Brammer (Innovest Strategic Value Advisors)). 8.11 Scientific, Political, and Investor Drivers of Chemical Industry Sustainability: An NGO Perspective (Richard Liroff (WWF)). 8.12 The Role of Leadership and Corporate Governance (David Robert Taschler (Air Products & Chemicals, Inc.)). Appendix 1: Responsible Care® Global Charter. Appendix 2: Directory of Standards and CSR-Related Organizations. Appendix 3: Author Biographies. Index.

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Book SynopsisThis junior/senior textbook presents fundamental concepts of structure property relations and a description of how these concpets apply to every metallic element except iron. Part One of the book describes general concepts of crystal structure, microstructure and related factors on the mechanical, thermal, magnetic and electronic properties of nonferrous metals, intermetallic compounds and metal matrix composites. Part Two discusses all the nonferrous metallic elements from two perspectives: First it explains how the concepts presented in Part One define the properties of a particular metallic element and its alloys. Second is a description of the major engineering uses of each metal. This section features sidebar pieces describing particular physical property oddities, engineering applications and case studies. An Instructor''s Manual presenting detailed solutions to all the problems in the book is available from the Wiley editorial department. An Instructor''s ManuaTrade Review"...it contains a wealth of information on a wide variety of metals for which it is relatively difficult to locate information." (Materials and Manufacturing Process, January 2007) "...a text that is informative and useful for the practicing engineer, as well as interesting and instructional for the student of metallurgy." (Journal of Metals Online, January 24, 2006) "...well-written, illustrated, and presented...would be helpful to junior/senior-level undergraduates, graduate students, faculty, and practicing metallurgists. An excellent acquisition for academic or industrial libraries." (CHOICE, November 2005)Table of ContentsPreface. PART ONE. 1. Crystal and Electronic Structure of Meals. 1.1 Introduction. 1.2 Crystal Structures of the Metallic Elements. 1.3 Exceptions to the Rule of the Metallic Bond. 1.4 Effects of High Pressure on Crystal Structure. 1.5 Effect of Electronic Structure on Crystal Structure. 1.6 Periodic Trends in Material Properties. 2. Defects and their Effects on Materials Properties. 2.1 Introduction. 2.2 Point Defects. 2.3 Line Defects (Dislocations). 2.4 Planar Defects. 2.5 Volume Defects. 3. Strengthening Mechanisms. 3.1 Introduction. 3.2 Grain Boundary Strengthening. 3.3 Strain Hardening. 3.4 Solid-Solution Hardening. 3.5 Precipitation Hardening (or Age Hardening). 4. Disclocations. 4.1 Introduction. 4.2 Forces on Dislocations. 4.3 Forces Between Dislocations. 4.4 Multiplication of Dislocations. 4.5 Partial Dislocations. 4.6 Slip Systems in Various Crystals. 4.7 Strain Hardening of Single Crystals. 4.8 Thermally Activated Dislocation Motion. 4.9 Interactions of Solute Atoms with Dislocations. 4.10 Dislocation Pile-ups. 5. Fracture and Fatigue. 5.1 Introduction. 5.2 Fundamentals of Fracture. 5.3 Metal Fatigue. 6. Strain Rate Effects and Creep. 6.1 Introduction. 6.2 Yield Point Phenomenon and Strain Aging. 6.3 Ultrarapid Strain Phenomena. 6.4 Creep. 6.5 Deformation Mechanism Maps. 6.6 Superplasticity. 7. Deviations from Classic Crystallinity. 7.1 Introduction. 7.2 Nanocrystalline Metals. 7.3 Amorphous Metals. 7.4 Quasicrystalline Metals. 7.5 Radiation Damage in Metals. 8. Processing Methods. 8.1 Introduction. 8.2 Casting. 8.3 Powder Metallurgy. 8.4 Forming and Shaping. 8.5 Material Removal. 8.6 Joining. 8.7 Surface Modification. 9. Composites. 9.1 Introduction. 9.2 Composite Materials. 9.3 Metal Matrix Composites. 9.4 Manufacturing MMCs. 9.5 Mechanical Properties and Strengthening Mechanisms in MMCs. 9.6 Internal Stresses. 9.7 Stress Relaxation. 9.8 High-Temperature Behavior of MMCs. PART TWO. 10. Li, Na, K, Rb, Cs, and Fr. 10.1 Overview. 10.2 History, Properties, and Applications. 10.3 Sources. 10.4 Structure–Property Relations. 11. Be, Mg, Ca, Sr, Ba, and Ra. 11.1 Overview. 11.2 History and Properties. 11.3 Beryllium. 11.4 Magnesium. 11.5 Heavier Alkaline Metals. 12. Ti, Zr, and Hf. 12.1 Overview. 12.2 Titanium. 12.3 Zirconium. 12.4 Hafnium. 13. V, Nb, and Ta. 13.1 Overview. 13.2 History and Properties. 13.3 Vanadium. 13.4 Niobium. 13.5 Tantalum. 14. Cr, Mo, and W. 14.1 Overview. 14.2 Chromium. 14.3 Molybdenum. 14.4 Tungsten. 15. Mn, Tc, and Re. 15.1 Overview. 15.2 History and Properties. 15.3 Manganese. 15.4 Technetium. 15.5 Rhenium. 16. Co and Ni. 16.1 Overview. 16.2 Cobalt. 16.3 Nickel. 17. The Platinum Group Metals: Ru, Rh, Pd, Os, Ir, and Pt. 17.1 Overview. 17.2 History, Properties, and Applications. 17.3 Toxicity. 17.4 Sources. 17.5 Structure–Property Relations. 18. Cu, Ag, and Au. 18.1 Overview. 18.2 Copper. 18.3 Silver. 18.4 Gold. 19. Zn, Cd, and Hg. 19.1 Overview. 19.2 Zinc. 19.3 Cadmium. 19.4 Mercury. 20. Al, Ga, In, and Ti. 20.1 Overview. 20.2 Aluminum. 20.3 Gallium. 20.4 Indium. 20.5 Thallium. 21. Si, Ge, Sn, and Pb. 21.1 Overview. 21.2 Silicon. 21.3 Germanium. 21.4 Tin. 21.5 Lead. 22. As, Sb, Bi, and Po. 22.1 Overview. 22.2 Arsenic. 22.3 Antimony. 22.4 Bismuth. 22.5 Polonium. 23. Sc, Y, La, Ce, Pr, Nd, Pm, Sm, Eu, Gd, Tb, Dy, Ho, Er, Tm, Yb, and Lu. 23.1 Overview. 23.2 History. 23.3 Physical Properties. 23.4 Applications. 23.5 Sources. 23.6 Structure–Property Relations. 24. Ac, Th, Pa, U, Np, Pu, Am, Cm, Bk, Cf, Es, Fm, Md, No, and Lr. 24.1 Overview. 24.2 History and Properties. 24.3 Thorium. 24.4 Uranium. 24.5 Plutonium. 24.6 Less Common Actinide Metals. 25. Intermetallic Compounds: Their Promise and the Ductility Challenge. 25.1 Overview. 25.2 Bonding and General Properties. 25.3 Mechanical Properties. 25.4 Oxidation Resistance. 25.5 Nonstructural Uses of Intermetallics. 25.6 Stoichiometric Intermetallics. 25.7 Nonstoichiometric Intermetallics. 25.8 Intermetallics with Third-Element Additions. 25.9 Environmental Embrittlement. Index.

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Book SynopsisBased on harnessing the power of light, photonics is the information-processing counterpart of electronics, using photons instead of electrons to far more efficiently process or transmit information, whether that it is inside a microchip, a drug delivery device, or even a living cell.Trade Review"...belongs in the personal library of every researcher who is interested in entering the field...if 'Nanophotonics' had not already existed, it would have been necessary to write it." (Journal of the American Chemical Society, October 12, 2005) "…a blend of textbook, reference work and a very readable assessment of new applications…will likely be the seminal work in this field for some time." (E-STREAMS, September 2005) "...Prasad provides his readers with an introductory-level, multifaceted description of the field." (Journal of Biomedical Optics, May/June 2005) "Paras Prasad has once again produced an invaluable reference source related to photonics...an indispensable reference text for anyone endeavoring to learn or teach photonics…" (Physics Today, March 2005) "The book is well written and well illustrated, covers all the important concepts, and gives the right references. It is an invaluable single resource of information on nanophotonics.” (Journal of Metals Online, September 1, 2004)Table of ContentsPreface. Acknowledgments. 1. Introduction. 1.1 Nanophotonics—An Exciting Frontier in Nanotechnology. 1.2 Nanophotonics at a Glance. 1.3 Multidisciplinary Education, Training, and Research. 1.4. Rationale for this Book. 1.5 Opportunities for Basic Research and Development of New Technologies. 1.6 Scope of this Book. References. 2. Foundations for Nanophotonics. 2.1 Photons and Electrons: Similarities and Differences. 2.1.1 Free-Space Propagation. 2.1.2 Confinement of Photons and Electrons. 2.1.3 Propagation Through a Classically Forbidden Zone: Tunneling. 2.1.4 Localization Under a Periodic Potential: Bandgap. 2.1.5 Cooperative Effects for Photons and Electrons. 2.2 Nanoscale Optical Interactions. 2.2.1 Axial Nanoscopic Localization. 2.2.2 Lateral Nanoscopic Localization. 2.3 Nanoscale Confinement of Electronic Interactions. 2.3.1 Quantum Confinement Effects. 2.3.2 Nanoscopic Interaction Dynamics. 2.3.3 New Cooperative Transitions. 2.3.4 Nanoscale Electronic Energy Transfer. 2.3.5 Cooperative Emission. 2.4 Highlights of the Chapter. References. 3. Near-Field Interaction and Microscopy. 3.1 Near-Field Optics. 3.2 Theoretical Modeling of Near-Field Nanoscopic Interactions. 3.3 Near-Field Microscopy. 3.4 Examples of Near-Field Studies. 3.4.1 Study of Quantum Dots. 3.4.2 Single-Molecule Spectroscopy. 3.4.3 Study of Nonlinear Optical Processes. 3.5 Apertureless Near-Field Spectroscopy and Microscopy. 3.6 Nanoscale Enhancement of Optical Interactions. 3.7 Time- and Space-Resolved Studies of Nanoscale Dynamics. 3.8 Commercially Available Sources for Near-Field Microscope. 3.9 Highlights of the Chapter. References. 4. Quantum-Confined Materials. 4.1 Inorganic Semiconductors. 4.1.1 Quantum Wells. 4.1.2 Quantum Wires. 4.1.3 Quantum Dots. 4.1.4 Quantum Rings. 4.2 Manifestations of Quantum Confinement. 4.2.1 Optical Properties. 4.2.2 Examples. 4.2.3 Nonlinear Optical Properties. 4.2.4 Quantum-Confined Stark Effect. 4.3 Dielectric Confinement Effect. 4.4 Superlattices. 4.5 Core-Shell Quantum Dots and Quantum Dot-Quantum Wells. 4.6 Quantum-Confined Structures as Lasing Media. 4.7 Organic Quantum-Confined Structures. 4.8 Highlights of the Chapter. References. 5. Plasmonics. 5.1 Metallic Nanoparticles and Nanorods. 5.2 Metallic Nanoshells. 5.3 Local Field Enhancement. 5.4 Subwavelength Aperture Plasmonics. 5.5 Plasmonic Wave Guiding. 5.6 Applications of Metallic Nanostructures. 5.7 Radiative Decay Engineering. 5.8 Highlights of the Chapter. References. 6. Nanocontrol of Excitation Dynamics. 6.1 Nanostructure and Excited States. 6.2 Rare-Earth Doped Nanostructures. 6.3 Up-Converting Nanophores. 6.4 Photon Avalanche. 6.5 Quantum Cutting. 6.6 Site Isolating Nanoparticles. 6.7 Highlights of the Chapter. References. 7. Growth and Characterization of Nanomaterials. 7.1 Growth Methods for Nanomaterials. 7.1.1 Epitaxial Growth. 7.1.2 Laser-Assisted Vapor Deposition (LAVD). 7.1.3 Nanochemistry. 7.2 Characterization of Nanomaterials. 7.2.1 X-Ray Characterization. 7.2.1.1 X-Ray Diffraction. 7.2.1.2 X-Ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy. 7.2.2 Electron Microscopy. 7.2.2.1 Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM). 7.2.2.2 Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). 7.2.3 Other Electron Beam Techniques. 7.2.4 Scanning Probe Microscopy (SPM). 7.3 Highlights of the Chapter. References. 8. Nanostructured Molecular Architectures. 8.1 Noncovalent Interactions. 8.2 Nanostructured Polymeric Media. 8.3 Molecular Machines. 8.4 Dendrimers. 8.5 Supramolecular Structures. 8.6 Monolayer and Multilayer Molecular Assemblies. 8.7 Highlights of the Chapter. References. 9. Photonic Crystals. 9.1 Basics Concepts. 9.2 Theoretical Modeling of Photonic Crystals. 9.3 Features of Photonic Crystals. 9.4 Methods of Fabrication. 9.5 Photonic Crystal Optical Circuitry. 9.6 Nonlinear Photonic Crystals. 9.7 Photonic Crystal Fibers (PCF). 9.8 Photonic Crystals and Optical Communications. 9.9 Photonic Crystal Sensors. 9.10 Highlights of the Chapter. References. 10. Nanocomposites. 10.1 Nanocomposites as Photonic Media. 10.2 Nanocomposite Waveguides. 10.3 Random Lasers: Laser Paints. 10.4 Local Field Enhancement. 10.5 Multiphasic Nanocomposites. 10.6 Nanocomposites for Optoelectronics. 10.7 Polymer-Dispersed Liquid Crystals (PDLC). 10.8 Nanocomposite Metamaterials. 10.9 Highlights of the Chapter. References. 11. Nanolithography. 11.1 Two-Photon Lithography. 11.2 Near-Field Lithography. 11.3 Near-Field Phase-Mask Soft Lithography. 11.4 Plasmon Printing. 11.5 Nanosphere Lithography. 11.6 Dip-Pen Nanolithography. 11.7 Nanoimprint Lithography. 11.8 Photonically Aligned Nanoarrays. 11.9 Highlights of the Chapter. References. 12. Biomaterials and Nanophotonics. 12.1 Bioderived Materials. 12.2 Bioinspired Materials. 12.3 Biotemplates. 12.4 Bacteria as Biosynthesizers. 12.5 Highlights of the Chapter. References. 13. Nanophotonics for Biotechnology and Nanomedicine. 13.1 Near-Field Bioimaging. 13.2 Nanoparticles for Optical Diagnostics and Targeted Therapy. 13.3 Semiconductor Quantum Dots for Bioimaging. 13.4 Up-Converting Nanophores for Bioimaging. 13.5 Biosensing. 13.6 Nanoclinics for Optical Diagnostics and Targeted Therapy. 13.7 Nanoclinic Gene Delivery. 13.8 Nanoclinics for Photodynamic Therapy. 13.9 Highlights of the Chapter. References. 14. Nanophotonics and the Marketplace. 14.1 Nanotechnology, Lasers, and Photonics. 14.1.1 Nanonetchnology. 14.1.2 Worldwide Laser Sales. 14.1.3 Photonics. 14.1.4 Nanophotonics. 14.2 Optical Nanomaterials. 14.2.1 Nanoparticle Coatings. 14.2.2 Sunscreen Nanoparticles. 14.2.3 Self-Cleaning Glass. 14.2.4 Fluorescent Quantum Dots. 14.2.5 Nanobarcodes. 14.2.6 Photonic Crystals. 14.2.7 Photonic Crystal Fibers. 14.3 Quantum-Confined Lasers. 14.4 Near-Field Microscopy. 14.5 Nanolithography. 14.6 Future Outlook for Nanophotonics. 14.6.1 Power Generation and Conversion. 14.6.2 Information Technology. 14.6.3 Sensor Technology. 14.6.4 Nanomedicine. 14.7 Highlights of the Chapter. References. Index.

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Book SynopsisBeyond Equilibrium Thermodynamics fills a niche in the market by providing a comprehensive introduction to a new, emerging topic in the field. The importance of non-equilibrium thermodynamics is addressed in order to fully understand how a system works, whether it is in a biological system like the brain or a system that develops plastic.Trade Review"This book would…serve graduate students in engineering and scientists working in the this field." (Materials and Manufacturing Processes, May 2006) "It is really very fortunate that Hans Christian Öttinger…one of the prominent researchers in the field…[has] produced the present book. I am convinced that it will be of use for many readers and will have a big impact on future developments in the field." (Applied Rheology, Volume 15, Issue 2, 2005)Table of ContentsPreface. Acknowledgments. Symbols and Notation. 1. Introduction. PART I: PHENOMENOLOGICAL APPROACH. 2. Hydrodynamics. 3. Linear Irreversible Thermodynamics. 4. Complex Fluids. 5. Relativistic Hydrodynamics. PART II: STATISTICAL APPROACH. 6. Projection-Operator Method. 7. Kinetic Theory of Gases. 8. Simulations. Appendix A: Crash-Course on Equilibrium Thermodynamics. Appendix B: Mechanics and Geometry. Appendix C: Functional Derivatives. Appendix D: Quantum Systems. Appendix E: List of Applications of Beyond-Equilibrium Thermodynamics. Appendix F: Solutions to Exercises. References. Author Index. Subject Index.

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Book SynopsisThe Fourth Edition of this internationally bestseller details the quick and easy way to master the basics of project management. Using a lively, conversational style, project management gurus Mickey Rosenau and Gregory Githens equip readers with fundamental principles and tested-in-the-trenches techniques for managing projects in any type of organization. They arm readers with easy-to-use tools for resolving any technical, mechanical, or personnel problem that may arise over the course of a project and break project management down into twenty-two chronological steps. Extensively revised and updated, this Fourth Edition examines the role of integration in project planning, risk-and-issues management, virtual teams, new theories, project management offices, and more! Successful Project Management, Fourth Edition is an ideal primer for students and an indispensable quick reference for experienced professionals.Table of ContentsPreface. 1. What Is a Project? Projects Are a Type of Work. Projects Distinguished From Tasks and From Processes. Programs are Collections of Projects. Project Management Maturity. Integrated Project Management. The Project Management “Hat” is Different From the Technical or Product Management “Hat”. Effective Project Managers Manage Expectations of Stakeholders. A Roadmap of Five Important Program Management Functions. Highlights. PART 1. DEFINING THE GOALS OF A PROJECT. 2. Linking the Project to the Product. Strategic Alignment of Projects. The Product Life Cycle and the Project Life Cycle. Project Completion Includes Delivering a Result that Meets the Requirements. The Delivering Organization and the Consuming Organization. All Projects Involve Agreements. Good Boundaries. Taking Action. Highlights. 3. Balancing Competing Demands with the Triple Constraint. Many Ways to Measure Project Performance. The Triple Constraint. A Model to Help Evaluate Competing Demands. Adjusting Baseline for Risk. How the Triple Constraint Helps to Explain Three Common Tradeoffs. The Triple Constraint During Control. Other Examples of Balancing Competing Demands: Financial Management. Project Management as a Decision-Making Process. Highlights. 4. Contracts, Negotiations, and Proposals. Contracts. Negotiating the Contract. Proposals: a Special Kind of Project. The Proposal Process. Typical Problems. International Projects. Highlights. PART 2. PLANNING A PROJECT. 5. Why and How to Plan a Project. Integrated Project Planning. Using Computer Software During Project Planning. "The Plan". Applying Project Plans During Execution. Project Planning is an Investment, Not an Expense. Highlights. 6. The Work Breakdown Structure. The Work Breakdown Structure. The work Package and the WBS Dictionary. Top-down Planning Approach for Developing the WBS. Organizing the WBS for Completeness and Control. Bottom-Up Planning Approach for Developing the WBS. Validating the Work Scope. Work Scope is Fundamental to Project Integration. Highlights. 7. Scheduling. Overview of Scheduling Formats. Bar Charts. Milestones. Network Diagrams. The Network Logic Diagram. Why Use a Network Diagram? Computer Software. Helpful Hints. Typical Problems. Highlights. 8. Time Estimating and Compressing the Schedule. Types of Time Estimates. Earliest and Latest Start and Finish Times. Typical Problems. Highlights. 9. Cost Estimating and Budgeting. Resource Planning. Cost Estimating. Project Cost System. Budgeting Cost. Computer Software. Typical Problems. Highlights. 10. The Impact of Limited Resources. Resources. Computer Software. Time Versus Cost Trade-Off. Typical Problems. Highlights. 11. Risk and Contingency. Ten Steps for Team-Based Risk Management. Building a Culture for Good Decision Making. Highlights. PART 3. LEADING THE PEOPLE WHO WORK ON A PROJECT. 12. Organizational Design for Delivering Projects. Three Organizational Forms. Other Organizational Forms. The Informal Organization. Typical Problems. Highlights. 13. Building the Project Team. Core Team and Extended Team. Staffing Starts with Project Scope. Formal Project Authority. Assigning Personnel to the Project. Sources of Personnel. Compromise. Control. Task Assignments. The Virtual Project Team. Turning a Group Into a True Team. Computer Software. Typical Problems. Highlights. 14. Organizing the Support Team. Involvement and Commitment. Coordination. Interaction With Support Groups. Subcontractors. Typical Problems. Highlights. 15. The Role of the Project Manager. Project Manager Competencies. Project Management Career Path. What a Project Manager Does. Theories of Motivation and Their Implications. Three Useful Techniques. Typical Problems. Highlights. 16. Practical Tips for Project Managers. Communication. Conflict Resolution. Efficient Time Management. Tips. Typical Problems. Highlights. PART 4. CONTROLLING THE PROJECT. 17. Essential of Project Control. Develop a Baseline. Develop a Performance Measurement System. Measure Performance Against Baseline and Determine Variances. Forecasts. Corrective Actions. Multiple Projects. Computer Software. Typical Problems. Highlights. 18. Project Reviews. The Necessity for Reviews. The Conduct of Reviews. Periodic Reviews. Follow-Up Actions. Topical Reviews. Typical Problems. Highlights. 19. Project Cost Reports. Cost Monitoring. Computer Cost Reports. Cost Monitoring Problems. Earned Value Management. Computer Software. Typical Problems. Highlights. 20. Handling Project Changes. A Project Performance Track Record: Good or Bad? The Process of Managing Changes. Unmanaged Risks and Issues. Typical Problems. Highlights. 21. Solving the Inevitable Problems. The General Approach. Decision Trees. Matrix Array. Problem-Solving Meeting Styles. Typical Problems. Highlights. PART 5. COMPLETING A PROJECT. 22. How to Complete a Project. Winding Down the Project. Acceptance. Managing Scope Change. Documentation. Increasing Odds of Success. Typical Problems. Highlights. 23. Final Wrap-Up. People Issues. Lessons Learned and Audits. Intellectual Property and Other Ownership Rights. Typical Problems. Highlights. PART 6. OTHER ISSUES IN PROJECT MANAGEMENT. 24. Small Projects. Simplified Management. Problems. Typical Problems. Highlights. 25. New Product Development Projects. Why New Product Development Projects Are Unique. A General Framework. Resource Overloading. Typical Problems. Highlights. 26. Project Management Software. When and Where to Use Computer Project Management Software. Cautions with Computer Project Management Software. Other Software. Typical Problems. Highlights. 27. Where Do You Go From Here? Summary. Continuing Project Management Skill Development. The Future of Project Management. A Final Thought. Appendix 1. Abbreviations Used in Project Management. Appendix 2. Glossary of Project Management Terms. Appendix 3. Examples of Planning Checklists for Project Managers. Index.

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Book SynopsisTable of ContentsPart 1 Airplane Performance Chapter 1 Introduction 3 Chapter 2 Drag Estimation 14 Chapter 3 Propulsion 116 Chapter 4 Airplane Performance 155 Part 2 Airplane Stability and Control Chapter 5 Static Longitudinal Stability and Control Stick-Fixed 213 Chapter 6 Static Longitudinal Stability and Control Stick-Free 267 Chapter 7 Maneuvering Flight 298 Chapter 8 Directional Stability and Control 315 Chapter 9 Dihedral Effect and Lateral Control 341 Chapter 10 Longitudinal Dynamics 374 Chapter 11 Lateral Dynamics 419 Appendix 475 Index 485

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Book SynopsisProject Management The one-stop resource for project management documentation and templates for all projects The success of any project is crucially dependent on the documents produced for it. The Practical Guide to Project Management Documentation provides a complete and reliable source of explanations and examples for every possible project-related document-from the proposal, business case, and project plan, to the status report and final post-project review. The Practical Guide to Project Management Documentation is packed with material that slashes the time and effort expended on producing new documents from scratch. Following the processes in the Project Management Institute''s PMBOK Guide, this one-stop, full-service book also offers tips and techniques for working with documents in each project process. Documentation for several project/client scenarios is addressed, including internal and externally contracted projects. A single project-the construction

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Book SynopsisThis text covers traditional materials and science topics like diffraction, phase equilibria, structure and mechanical properties of solids, etc. , with the primary focus on electronic materials. It treats each topic at a higher level than is done in a typical undergraduate textbook.Trade Review"...very worthwhile text to learn advanced material science theories that are focused on electronic materials." (IEEE Electrical Insulation Magazine, May/June 2006) "…the book is written well with good quality figures…" (Journal of Metals Online, July 29, 2005) “…a good treatment of…materials science…brings together key aspects of applied physics, chemistry and mechanical engineering…” (Journal of Materials Technology, Vol 20 (3) 2005)Table of ContentsPreface. 1 Introduction to Electronic Materials Science. 1.1 Introduction. 1.2 Structure and Diffraction. 1.3 Defects. 1.4 Diffusion. 1.5 Phase Equilibria. 1.6 Mechanical Properties. 1.7 Electronic Structure. 1.8 Electronic Properties and Devices. 1.9 Electronic Materials Science. 2 Structure of Solids. 2.1 Introduction. 2.2 Order. 2.3 The Lattice. 2.4 Crystal Structure. 2.5 Notation. 2.6 Lattice Geometry. 2.7 The Wigner-Seitz Cell. 2.8 Crystal Structures. Related Reading. Exercises. 3 Diffraction. 3.1 Introduction. 3.2 Phase Difference and Bragg’s Law. 3.3 The Scattering Problem. 3.4 Reciprocal Space, RESP. 3.5 Diffraction Techniques. 3.6 Wave Vector Representation. Related Reading. Exercises. 4 Defects in Solids. 4.1 Introduction. 4.2 Why Do Defects Form? 4.3 Point Defects. 4.4 The Statistics of Point Defects. 4.5 Line Defects—Dislocations. 4.6 Planar Defects. 4.7 Three-Dimensional Defects. Related Reading. Exercises. 5 Diffusion in Solids. 5.1 Introduction to Diffusion Equations. 5.2 Atomistic Theory of Diffusion: Fick’s Laws and a Theory for the Diffusion Construct D. 5.3 Random Walk Problem. 5.4 Other Mass Transport Mechanisms. 5.5 Mathematics of Diffusion. Related Reading. Exercises. 6 Phase Equilibria. 6.1 Introduction. 6.2 The Gibbs Phase Rule. 6.3 Nucleation and Growth of Phases. Related Reading. Exercises. 7 Mechanical Properties of Solids—Elasticity. 7.1 Introduction. 7.2 Elasticity Relationships. 7.3 An Analysis of Stress by the Equation of Motion. 7.4 Hooke’s Law for Pure Dilatation and Pure Shear. 7.5 Poisson’s Ratio. 7.6 Relationships Among E, e, and v. 7.7 Relationships Among E, G, and n. 7.8 Resolving the Normal Forces. Related Reading. Exercises. 8 Mechanical Properties of Solids—Plasticity. 8.1 Introduction. 8.2 Plasticity Observations. 8.3 Role of Dislocations. 8.4 Deformation of Noncrystalline Materials. Related Reading. Exercises. 9 Electronic Structure of Solids. 9.1 Introduction. 9.2 Waves, Electrons, and the Wave Function. 9.3 Quantum Mechanics. 9.4 Electron Energy Band Representations. 9.5 Real Energy Band Structures. 9.6 Other Aspects of Electron Energy Band Structure. Related Reading. Exercises. 10 Electronic Properties of Materials. 10.1 Introduction. 10.2 Occupation of Electronic States. 10.3 Position of the Fermi Energy. 10.4 Electronic Properties of Metals: Conduction and Superconductivity. 10.5 Semiconductors. 10.6 Electrical Behavior of Organic Materials. Related Reading. Exercises. 11 Junctions and Devices and the Nanoscale. 11.1 Introduction. 11.2 Junctions. 11.3 Selected Devices. 11.4 Nanostructures and Nanodevices. Index.

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Book SynopsisThis book presents an organized approach to quality management, control, and improvement. Because quality problems usually are the outcome of uncontrolled or excessive variability, statistical tools and other analytical methods play an important role in solving these problems.Trade Review“Your book Managing, Controlling, and Improving Quality worked out very well in my senior-level class in the past fall semester. Actually students really liked the book. I planned to cover a little bit of acceptance sampling plans but I didn’t have sufficient time. I did cover Chapter 9 Reliability though. It was a great mix of managing aspects of quality, tools and techniques of quality control and design of experiments, plus a little bit of reliability. Students were happy and I was also happy. We will keep using this book which is ideal for my class.” —Dr. Byung Rae Choe, Indiana University of PennsylvaniaTable of ContentsChapter 1. Introduction to Quality. 1.1 The Meaning of Quality and Quality Improvement. 1.2 A Brief History of Quality Control and Improvement. 1.3 Statistical Methods for Quality Control and Improvement. 1.4 Quality and Productivity. 1.5 Quality Costs. 1.6 Legal Aspects of quality. 1.7 Implementing Quality Improvement. Chapter 2. Management Aspects of Quality. 2.1 Introduction. 2.2 Quality Philosophy and Management Strategies. 2.3 The DMAIC Process. Chapter 3. Tools and Techniques for Quality Control and Improvement. 3.1 Introduction. 3.2 Chance and Assignable Causes of Quality Variation. 3.3 The Control Chart. 3.4 The Rest of the Magnificent Seven. 3.5 Implementing SPC in a Quality Improvement Program. 3.6 An Application of SPC. 3.7 Applications of Quality Process and Quality Improvement Tools in Transactional and Service Businesses. Chapter 4. Statistical Inference about Product and Process Quality. 4.1 Describing Variation. 4.2 Probability Distributions. 4.3 The Normal Distribution. 4.4 Statistical Inference. 4.5 Statistical Inference for a Single Sample. 4.6 Statistical Inference for Two Chapter 5. Control Charts for Variables. 5.1 Introduction. 5.2 and R x Charts. 5.3 and S Charts. 5.4 Shewart Control Chart for Individual Measurements. 5.5 Summary of Procedures for , R, S, and Individuals Charts. 5.6 Example Applications of , R, S, and Individuals Charts. 5.7 Cumulative Sum Control Charts. 5.8 Exponentially Weighted Moving Average Control Charts. 5.9 Process Capability Analysis Using Control Charts. Chapter 6. Control Charts for Attributes. 6.1 Introduction. 6.2 The Control Chart for Fraction Nonconforming. 6.3 Control Charts for Nonconformities (Defects). 6.4 Choice between Attributes and Variables Control Charts. 6.5 Guidelines for Implementing Control Charts. Chapter 7. Lot-by-Lot Acceptance Sampling Procedures. 7.1 The Acceptance Sampling Problem. 7.2 Single-Sampling Plans for Attributes. 7.3 Double, Multiple, and Sequential Sampling. 7.4 Military Standard 105E (ANSI/ASQC Z1.4, ISO 2859). 7.5 The Dodge–Romig Sampling Plans. 7.6 Military Standard 414 (ANSI/ASQ Z1.9). 7.7 Chain Sampling. 7.8 Continuous Sampling. 7.9 Skip-Lot Sampling Plans. Chapter 8. Process Design and Improvement with Designed Experiments. 8.1 What Is Experimental Design? 8.2 Examples of Designed Experiments in Process and Product Improvement. 8.3 Guidelines for Designing Experiments. 8.4 The Analysis of Variance. 8.5 Factorial Experiments. 8.6 The 2k Factorial Design. 8.7 Fractional Replication of the 2k Design. 8.8 Response Surface Methods. 8.9 Robust Product and Process Design. Chapter 9. Reliability. 9.1 Basic Concepts of Reliability. 9.2 Life Distributions. 9.3 Instantaneous Failure Rate. 9.4 Life Cycle Reliability. 9.5 Determining System Reliability from Component Reliabilities. 9.6 Life Testing and Reliability Estimation. 9.7 Availability and Maintainability. 9.8 Failure Mode and Effects Analysis. References. Glossary. Appendix. A. I Summary of Common Probability Distribution Cities Used in Quality Control and Improvement. A. II Cumulative Standard Normal Distribution. A. III Percentage Points of the Distribution. A. IV Percentage Points of the t Distribution. A. V Percentage Points of the F Distribution. A. VI Factors for Constructing Variables Control Charts. Answers to Selected Exercises. Index.

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