Mathematical / Computational / Theoretical physics Books

Book SynopsisThis clear and pedagogical text delivers a concise overview of classical and quantum statistical physics. Essential Statistical Physics shows students how to relate the macroscopic properties of physical systems to their microscopic degrees of freedom, preparing them for graduate courses in areas such as biophysics, condensed matter physics, atomic physics and statistical mechanics. Topics covered include the microcanonical, canonical, and grand canonical ensembles, Liouville''s Theorem, Kinetic Theory, non-interacting Fermi and Bose systems and phase transitions, and the Ising model. Detailed steps are given in mathematical derivations, allowing students to quickly develop a deep understanding of statistical techniques. End-of-chapter problems reinforce key concepts and introduce more advanced applications, and appendices provide a detailed review of thermodynamics and related mathematical results. This succinct book offers a fresh and intuitive approach to one of the most challengingTrade Review'At last a textbook that contains all the required elements for a modern advanced undergraduate course on statistical physics: foundations, quantum statistical mechanics, phase transitions and dynamics. I particularly like the derivation of ensembles through maximization of Gibbs entropy and the Langevin description of Brownian motion. Plenty of instructive problems within ten digestible chapters make this a text I can recommend to my students.' Martin Evans, University of Edinburgh'Statistical mechanics is a vast and fascinating topic, sometimes intimidating beginning students. Kennett succeeds in delivering an agile, fresh and modern exposition of the essential ideas and methods, in addition to a well-thought selection of examples and applications borrowed from all branches of physics. Students and teachers alike will enjoy the carefully organized table of contents for self-study and lecture preparation.' Roberto Raimondi, Roma Tre University'This book incorporates, into a single course, ideas and theoretical techniques in statistical physics and quantum mechanics that are connected by the physical phenomena they are meant to describe. Yet they are rarely all found in the same text. Professor Kennett offers students of theoretical physics a rare opportunity to acquire a mature understanding of their impact and meaning.' Herbert Fertig, Indiana University, BloomingtonTable of ContentsPreface; 1. Introduction; 2. The microcanonical ensemble; 3. Liouville's theorem; 4. The canonical ensemble; 5. Kinetic theory; 6. The grand canonical ensemble; 7. Quantum statistical mechanics; 8. Fermions; 9. Bosons; 10. Phase transitions and order; Appendix A Gaussian integrals and stirling's formula; Appendix B Primer on thermal physics; Appendix C Heat capacity cusp in Bose systems; References; Index.

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Book SynopsisQuantum field theory (QFT), the language of particle physics, is crucial to a physicist''s graduate education. Based on lecture notes for courses taught for many years at Radboud University in the Netherlands, this book presents an alternative approach to teaching QFT using Feynman diagrams. A diagrammatic approach to understanding QFT exposes young physicists to an orthogonal introduction to the theory, bringing new ways to understand challenges in the field. Diagrammatic techniques using Feynman diagrams are used didactically, starting from simple discussions in lower dimensions to more complex topics in the Standard Model. Worked examples and exercises, for which solutions are available online, help the reader develop a deep understanding and intuition that enhances their problem-solving skills and understanding of QFT. Classroom-tested, this accessible book is valuable resource for graduate students and researchers.Trade Review'Highly recommended.' E. Kincanon, Choice MagazineTable of ContentsPreface. 1. QFT in zero dimensions; 2. Loop expansion and the effective action; 3. On renormalization; 4. More fields in zero dimensions; 5. QFT in Euclidean spaces; 6. QFT in Minkowski space; 7. Scattering processes; 8. Introduction to loop calculations; 9. More on renormalization; 10. Dirac particles; 11. Helicity techniques for Dirac particles; 12. Vector particles; 13. Quantum electrodynamics; 14. Higher-order effects in QED; 15. Quantum chromodynamics; 16. Higher-order effects in QCD; 17. Electroweak theory; 18. More example computations; Appendices.

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Book SynopsisThis book provides a detailed presentation of modern non-equilibrium field-theoretical methods, applied to examples ranging from biophysics to the kinetics of superfluids and superconductors. Suitable for graduate students and researchers in condensed matter physics, this new edition includes updated content and problems throughout.Trade ReviewPraise for the first edition 'Field Theory of Non-Equilibrium Systems, written by theoretical condensed-matter physicist Alex Kamenev, is a lively pedagogical exposition of the Keldysh technique based on functional integration … It is meant for advanced graduate students and professionals who have not had prior exposure to the technique but would like to learn it. Experts in the field may also enjoy the diversity of the subjects covered and the clarity with which they are presented. Thanks to those features, Field Theory of Non-Equilibrium Systems is a welcome introduction to the field and could well become a classic.' Vojkan Jaksic, Physics TodayTable of Contents1. Introduction; Part I. Systems with Few Degrees of Freedom: 2. Bosons; 3. Single-particle quantum mechanics; 4. Classical stochastic systems; 5. Driven-dissipative systems; Part II. Bosonic and Classical Fields: 6. Bosonic fields; 7. Dynamics of collisionless plasma; 8. Kinetics of Bose condensates; 9. Dynamics of phase transitions; Part III. Fermions: 10. Fermions; 11. Kinetic theory and hydrodynamics; 12. Aspects of kinetic theory; 13. Quantum transport; Part IV. Disordered Metals and Superconductors: 14. Disordered fermionic systems; 15. Mesoscopic effects; 16. Electron–electron interactions in disordered metals; 17. Dynamics of disordered superconductors; 18. Electron–phonon interactions; References; Index.

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Quantum mechanics is one of the most successful theories in science, and is relevant to nearly all modern topics of scientific research. This textbook moves beyond the introductory and intermediate principles of quantum mechanics frequently covered in undergraduate and graduate courses, presenting in-depth coverage of many more exciting and advanced topics. The author provides a clearly structured text for advanced students, graduates and researchers looking to deepen their knowledge of theoretical quantum mechanics. The book opens with a brief introduction covering key concepts and mathematical tools, followed by a detailed description of the WentzelKramersBrillouin (WKB) method. Two alternative formulations of quantum mechanics are then presented: Wigner''s phase space formulation and Feynman''s path integral formulation. The text concludes with a chapter examining metastable states and resonances. Step-by-step derivations, worked examples and physical applications are included throu

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Book SynopsisGinzburgLandau theory is an important tool in condensed matter physics research, describing the ordered phases of condensed matter, including the dynamics, elasticity, and thermodynamics of the condensed configurations. In this systematic introduction to GinzbergLandau theory, both common and topological excitations are considered on the same footing (including their thermodynamics and dynamical phenomena). The role of the topological versus energetic considerations is made clear. Required mathematics (symmetry, including lattice translation, topology, and perturbative techniques) are introduced as needed. The results are illustrated using arguably the most fascinating class of such systems, high Tc superconductors subject to magnetic field. This book is an important reference for both researchers and graduate students working in condensed matter physics or can act as a textbook for those taking advanced courses on these topics.Trade Review'Baruch Rosenstein and Dingping Li, renowned experts in the theory of superconductivity, will guide readers, like Dante's Virgil, through the circles of the fascinating world of Topological Matter.' Andrey Varlamov, CNR-SPIN and University of Tor VergataTable of ContentsPreface. 1. Introduction and overview; Part I. Ordered Phases of Condensed Matter Disrupted by Topological Defects: 2. The phenomenological (Landau) description of the ordered condensed matter from magnets to Bose condensates; 3. Simplest topological defects; 4. Topological defects and their classification; Part II. Structure of the Topological Matter Created by Gauge Field: 5. Repulsion between solitons and viable vortex matter created by a gauge field; 6. Abrikosov vortices created by the magnetic field; 7. Structure and magnetization of the vortex lattice within London approximation; 8. Structure and megnetization of the vortex lattice within Abrikosov approximation; Part III. Excitation Modes of Condensate: Elasticity and Stability of the Topological Matter: 9. Linear stability analysis of the homogenous states; 10. Stability and the excitation spectrum of the single soliton and the vortex lattice; 11. Forces of solitons, pinning and elasticity of the vortex matter; Part IV. Dynamics of Condensates and Solitary Waves: 12. Dynamics of the order parameter field; 13. Solitary waves; 14. Viscous flow of the Abrikosov flux lattice; Part V. Thermal Fluctuations. 15. Statistical physics of mesoscopic degrees of freedom; 16. The Landau-Wilson approach to statistical physics of the interacting field fluctuations; 17. Thermal fluctuations in the vortex matter; Appendix; Index.

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Statistical physics examines the collective properties of large ensembles of particles, and is a powerful theoretical tool with important applications across many different scientific disciplines. This book provides a detailed introduction to classical and quantum statistical physics, including links to topics at the frontiers of current research. The first part of the book introduces classical ensembles, provides an extensive review of quantum mechanics, and explains how their combination leads directly to the theory of Bose and Fermi gases. This allows a detailed analysis of the quantum properties of matter, and introduces the exotic features of vacuum fluctuations. The second part discusses more advanced topics such as the two-dimensional Ising model and quantum spin chains. This modern text is ideal for advanced undergraduate and graduate students interested in the role of statistical physics in current research. 140 homework problems reinforce key concepts and further develop read

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Book SynopsisThis collection of problems in Quantum Field Theory, accompanied by their complete solutions, aims to bridge the gap between learning the foundational principles and applying them practically. The carefully chosen problems cover a wide range of topics, starting from the foundations of Quantum Field Theory and the traditional methods in perturbation theory, such as LSZ reduction formulas, Feynman diagrams and renormalization. Separate chapters are devoted to functional methods (bosonic and fermionic path integrals; worldline formalism), to non-Abelian gauge theories (Yang-Mills theory, Quantum Chromodynamics), to the novel techniques for calculating scattering amplitudes and to quantum field theory at finite temperature (including its formulation on the lattice, and extensions to systems out of equilibrium). The problems range from those dealing with QFT formalism itself to problems addressing specific questions of phenomenological relevance, and they span a broad range in difficulty, for graduate students taking their first or second course in QFT.Trade Review'… a valuable bridge between textbook treatments and the modern literature and is an example of the type of volume often reported to be missing from the shelves. Libraries that serve universities teaching quantum field theory, or any institution with active research programs involving quantum field theory, should acquire this book ... Recommended.' M. C. Ogilvie, Choice ConnectTable of ContentsPreface; Acknowledgements; Notations and Conventions; Part I. Quantum Field Theory Basics; Part II. Functional Methods; Part III. Non-Abelian Fields; Part IV. Scattering Amplitudes; Part V. Lattice, Finite T, Strong Fields; Index.

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Book SynopsisOvercome your study inertia and polish your knowledge of physics Physics I: 501 Practice Problems For Dummies gives you 501 opportunities to practice solving problems from all the major topics covered you Physics I classin the book and online! Get extra help with tricky subjects, solidify what you've already learned, and get in-depth walk-throughs for every problem with this useful book. These practice problems and detailed answer explanations will help you succeed in this tough-but-required class, no matter what your skill level. Thanks to Dummies, you have a resource to help you put key concepts into practice. Work through practice problems on all Physics I topics covered in school classesStep through detailed solutions to build your understandingAccess practice questions online to study anywhere, any timeImprove your grade and up your study game with practice, practice, practiceThe material presented in Physics I: 501 Practice Problems For Dummies is an excellent resource for students, as well as parents and tutors looking to help supplement Physics I instruction. Physics I: 501 Practice Problems For Dummies (9781119883715) was previously published as Physics I Practice Problems For Dummies (9781118853153). While this version features a new Dummies cover and design, the content is the same as the prior release and should not be considered a new or updated product.Table of ContentsPart 1: The Questions 5 Chapter 1: Reviewing Math Fundamentals and Physics Measurements 7 Chapter 2: Moving along with Kinematics 11 Chapter 3: Moving in a Two-Dimensional World 17 Chapter 4: Pushing and Pulling: The Forces around You 23 Chapter 5: Slipping and Sliding: Motion and Forces 31 Chapter 6: Describing Rotational Motion 39 Chapter 7: Rotating Around in Different Loops 45 Chapter 8: Going with the Flow: Fluids 51 Chapter 9: Getting Some Work Done 57 Chapter 10: Picking Up Some Momentum with Impulse 65 Chapter 11: Rolling Around with Rotational Kinetics and Dynamics 73 Chapter 12: Bouncing with a Spring: Simple Harmonic Motion 87 Chapter 13: Heating Up with Thermodynamics and Heat Transfer 93 Chapter 14: Living in an Ideal World with the Ideal Gas Law 99 Chapter 15: Experiencing the Laws of Thermodynamics 103 Part 2: The Answers 109 Chapter 16: Answers 111 Index 413

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Book SynopsisOver the last fifteen years, the face of knot theory has changed due to various new theories and invariants coming from physics, topology, combinatorics and alge-bra. It suffices to mention the great progress in knot homology theory (Khovanov homology and Ozsvath-Szabo Heegaard-Floer homology), the A-polynomial which give rise to strong invariants of knots and 3-manifolds, in particular, many new unknot detectors. New to this Edition is a discussion of Heegaard-Floer homology theory and A-polynomial of classical links, as well as updates throughout the text.Knot Theory, Second Edition is notable not only for its expert presentation of knot theory's state of the art but also for its accessibility. It is valuable as a profes-sional reference and will serve equally well as a text for a course on knot theory.Trade ReviewPraise for the first editionThis book is highly recommended for all students and researchers in knot theory, and to those in the sciences and mathematics who would like to get a flavor of this very active field.”-Professor Louis H. Kauffman, Department of Mathematics, Statistics and Com-puter Science, University of Illinois at ChicagoTable of ContentsKnots, links, and invariant polynomials. Introduction. Reidemeister moves. Knot arithmetics. Links in 2-surfaces in R3.Fundamental group; the knot group. The knot quandle and the Conway algebra. Kauffman's approach to Jones polynomial. Properties of Jones polynomials. Khovanov's complex. Theory of braids. Braids, links and representations of braid groups. Braids and links. Braid construction algorithms. Algorithms of braid recognition. Markov's theorem; the Yang-Baxter equation. Vassiliev's invariants. Definition and Basic notions of Vassiliev invariant theory. The chord diagram algebra. The Kontsevich integral and formulae for the Vassiliev invariants. Atoms and d-diagrams. Atoms, height atoms and knots. The bracket semigroup of knots. Virtual knots. Basic definitions and motivation. Invariant polynomials of virtual links. Generalised Jones-Kauffman polynomial. Long virtual knots and their invariants. Virtual braids. Other theories. 3-manifolds and knots in 3-manifolds. Legendrian knots and their invariants. Independence of Reidemeister moves.

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Book SynopsisThis monograph is the first to present the theory of global attractors of Hamiltonian partial differential equations. A particular focus is placed on the results obtained in the last three decades, with chapters on the global attraction to stationary states, to solitons, and to stationary orbits. The text includes many physically relevant examples and will be of interest to graduate students and researchers in both mathematics and physics. The proofs involve novel applications of methods of harmonic analysis, including Tauberian theorems, Titchmarsh''s convolution theorem, and the theory of quasimeasures. As well as the underlying theory, the authors discuss the results of numerical simulations and formulate open problems to prompt further research.Table of ContentsIntroduction; 1. Global attraction to stationary states; 2. Global attraction to solitons; 3. Global attraction to stationary orbits; 4. Asymptotic stability of stationary orbits and solitons; 5. Adiabatic effective dynamics of solitons; 6. Numerical simulation of solitons; 7. Dispersive decay; 8. Attractors and quantum mechanics; References; Index.

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Book SynopsisThis compact guide presents the key features of general relativity, to support and supplement the presentation in mainstream, more comprehensive undergraduate textbooks, or as a re-cap of essentials for graduate students pursuing more advanced studies. It helps students plot a careful path to understanding the core ideas and basics of differential geometry, as applied to general relativity, without overwhelming them. While the guide doesn''t shy away from necessary technicalities, it emphasises the essential simplicity of the main physical arguments. Presuming a familiarity with special relativity (with a brief account in an appendix), it describes how general covariance and the equivalence principle motivate Einstein''s theory of gravitation. It then introduces differential geometry and the covariant derivative as the mathematical technology which allows us to understand Einstein''s equations of general relativity. The book is supported by numerous worked exampled and problems, and imTrade Review'The strength of Gray's book lies in his concern to provide friendly, pedagogical explanations for many tricky features of the theory, starting from a basic level, and his informal style will be welcomed by the less confident reader.' Peter J. Bussey, Contemporary Physics'... this book marks a welcome move to shorter, more focussed introductions to General Relativity aimed at undergraduate students. As the mathematical half of a full GR course it works well, but perhaps a less abstract approach and greater emphasis on the geometrical nature of the theory might appeal more to some readers.' Andrew Taylor, The Observatory'This book is part of the Cambridge 'Student's Guide' series. It is based on a 10 lecture course the author taught at the University of Glasgow. The book is mostly about introducing the math needed to reach the discussion of the Einstein equation.' Jorge Pullin, zbMATHTable of ContentsPreface; 1. Introduction; 2. Vectors, tensors and functions; 3. Manifolds, vectors and differentiation; 4. Energy, momentum and Einstein's equations; Appendix A. Special relativity – a brief introduction; Appendix B. Solutions to Einstein's equations; Appendix C. Notation; Bibliography; Index.

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Book Synopsis1. Introduction and Summary.- 2. Dynamics and Work.- 3. Information Entropy.- 3.a Entropy and relative entropy.- 3.b Gibbs states.- 3.c Entropy-increasing processes.- 4. Heat Baths.- 5. Reversible Processes.- 6. Closed Finite Systems.- 6.a Available work.- 6.b Recurrences.- 6.c Entropy functions.- 7. Open Systems.- 7.a Markov description.- 7.b Available work and entropy.- 7.c Master equation models.- 8. External Perturbations.- 8.a Models of the perturbations.- 8.b Classical systems.- 8.c Quantum systems.- 8.d Effects on the entropy functions.- 9. Thermodynamic Limit.- 10. Thermodynamic Entropy.- 10.a Thermodynamic processes and entropy.- 10.b Properties of the entropy functions.- 10.c Irreversibility and approach to equilibrium.- 11. Measurements, Entropy and Work.- 11.a Observations on the system.- 11.b Information and entropy.- 11.c Exchange of work and heat.- 12. Other Approaches.- Appendix A. Quantum Markov Processes.- A.1 Reduced dynamics.- A.2 Markov processes.- A.3 Non-passivitTable of Contents1. Introduction and Summary.- 2. Dynamics and Work.- 3. Information Entropy.- 3.a Entropy and relative entropy.- 3.b Gibbs states.- 3.c Entropy-increasing processes.- 4. Heat Baths.- 5. Reversible Processes.- 6. Closed Finite Systems.- 6.a Available work.- 6.b Recurrences.- 6.c Entropy functions.- 7. Open Systems.- 7.a Markov description.- 7.b Available work and entropy.- 7.c Master equation models.- 8. External Perturbations.- 8.a Models of the perturbations.- 8.b Classical systems.- 8.c Quantum systems.- 8.d Effects on the entropy functions.- 9. Thermodynamic Limit.- 10. Thermodynamic Entropy.- 10.a Thermodynamic processes and entropy.- 10.b Properties of the entropy functions.- 10.c Irreversibility and approach to equilibrium.- 11. Measurements, Entropy and Work.- 11.a Observations on the system.- 11.b Information and entropy.- 11.c Exchange of work and heat.- 12. Other Approaches.- Appendix A. Quantum Markov Processes.- A.1 Reduced dynamics.- A.2 Markov processes.- A.3 Non-passivity of Markov processes.- A.4 Non-KMS property of Markov processes.- A.5 Quantum thermal fluctuations.- Appendix B. Sensitivity of Hyperbolic Motion.- References.- Notation Index.

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Book SynopsisIt is an ideal companion for courses such as mathematical methods of physics, classical mechanics, electricity and magnetism, and relativity.Trade ReviewThis book is well written and has sufficient rigor to allow students to use it for independent study. Choice An introductory Tensor Calculus for Physics book is a most welcome addition... Professor Neuenschwander's book fills the gap in robust fashion. American Journal of PhysicsTable of ContentsPrefaceAcknowledgmentsChapter 1. Tensors Need Context1.1. Why Aren't Tensors Defined by What They Are?1.2. Euclidean Vectors, without Coordinates1.3. Derivatives of Euclidean Vectors with Respect to a Scalar1.4. The Euclidean Gradient1.5. Euclidean Vectors, with Coordinates1.6. Euclidean Vector Operations with and without Coordinates1.7. Transformation Coefficients as Partial Derivatives1.8. What Is a Theory of Relativity?1.9. Vectors Represented as Matrices1.10. Discussion Questions and ExercisesChapter 2. Two-Index Tensors2.1. The Electric Susceptibility Tensor2.2. The Inertia Tensor2.3. The Electric Quadrupole Tensor2.4. The Electromagnetic Stress Tensor2.5. Transformations of Two-Index Tensors2.6. Finding Eigenvectors and Eigenvalues2.7. Two-Index Tensor Components as Products of Vector Components2.8. More Than Two Indices2.9. Integration Measures and Tensor Densities2.10. Discussion Questions and ExercisesChapter 3. The Metric Tensor3.1. The Distinction between Distance and Coordinate Displacement3.2. Relative Motion3.3. Upper and Lower Indices3.4. Converting between Vectors and Duals3.5. Contravariant, Covariant, and "Ordinary" Vectors3.6. Tensor Algebra3.7. Tensor Densities Revisited3.8. Discussion Questions and ExercisesChapter 4. Derivatives of Tensors4.1. Signs of Trouble4.2. The Affine Connection4.3. The Newtonian Limit4.4. Transformation of the Affine Connection4.5. The Covariant Derivative4.6. Relation of the Affine Connection to the Metric Tensor4.7. Divergence, Curl, and Laplacian with Covariant Derivatives4.8. Disccussion Questions and ExercisesChapter 5. Curvature5.1. What Is Curvature?5.2. The Riemann Tensor5.3. Measuring Curvature5.4. Linearity in the Second Derivative5.5. Discussion Questions and ExercisesChapter 6. Covariance Applications6.1. Covariant Electrodynamics6.2. General Covariance and Gravitation6.3. Discussion Questions and ExercisesChapter 7. Tensors and Manifolds7.1. Tangent Spaces, Charts, and Manifolds7.2. Metrics on Manifolds and Their Tangent Spaces7.3. Dual Basis Vectors7.4. Derivatives of Basis Vectors and the Affine Connection7.5. Discussion Questions and ExercisesChapter 8. Getting Acquainted with Differential Forms8.1. Tensors as Multilinear Forms8.2. 1-Forms and Their Extensions8.3. Exterior Products and Differential Forms8.4. The Exterior Derivative8.5. An Application to Physics: Maxwell's Equations8.6. Integrals of Differential Forms8.7. Discussion Questions and ExercisesAppendix A: Common Coordinate SystemsAppendix B: Theorem of AlternativesAppendix C: Abstract Vector SpacesBibliographyIndex

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Book SynopsisThis introduction to applied nonlinear dynamics and chaos places emphasis on teaching the techniques and ideas that will enable students to take specific dynamical systems and obtain some quantitative information about their behavior. The new edition has been updated and extended throughout, and contains a detailed glossary of terms. From the reviews: Will serve as one of the most eminent introductions to the geometric theory of dynamical systems. --Monatshefte für MathematikTrade ReviewFrom the reviews of the second edition:"This is a very substantial revision of the author’s original textbook published in 1990. It does not only contain much new material, for instance on invariant manifold theory and normal forms, it has also been restructured. … The presentation is intended for advanced undergraduates … . This second edition … will serve as one of the most eminent introductions to the geometric theory of dynamical systems." (R. Bürger, Monatshefte für Mathematik, Vol. 145 (4), 2005)"This is an extensively rewritten version of the first edition which appeared in 1990, taking into account the many changes in the subject during the intervening time period. … The book is suitable for use as a textbook for graduate courses in applied mathematics or cognate fields. It is written in a readable style, with considerable motivation and many insightful examples. … Overall, the book provides a very accessible, up-to-date and comprehensive introduction to applied dynamical systems." (P.E. Kloeden, ZAMM-Zeitschrift für Angewandte Mathematik und Mechanik, Vol. 85 (1), 2005)"The second edition of this popular text … is an encyclopedic introduction to dynamical systems theory and applications that includes substantial revisions and new material. It should be on the reading list of every student of the subject … . Also, the new organization makes the book more suitable as a textbook that can be used in graduate courses. This book will also be a useful reference for applied scientists … as well as a guide to the literature." (Carmen Chicone, Mathematical Reviews, 2004h)"This volume includes a significant amount of new material. … Each chapter starts with a narrative … and ends with a large collection of excellent exercises. … An extensive bibliography … provide a useful guide for future study. … This is a highly recommended book for advanced undergraduate and first-year graduate students. It contains most of the necessary mathematical tools … to apply the results of the subject to problems in the physical and engineering sciences." (Tibor Krisztin, Acta Scientiarum Mathematicarum, Vol. 75, 2009)“It is certainly one of the most complete introductory textbooks about dynamical systems, though no single book can be really complete. … Some chapters can certainly be used as a course text for a master’s course, but the whole book is to thick for a single course. … a suitable first text for Ph.D. students who want to do research in dynamical systems, and a useful reference work for more experienced people. I definitely enjoyed reading this book and can only recommend it.” (Kurt Lust, Bulletin of the Belgian Mathematical Society, Vol. 15 (1), 2008)Table of ContentsEquilibrium Solutions, Stability, and Linearized Stability * Liapunov Functions * Invariant Manifolds: Linear and Nonlinear Systems * Periodic Orbits * Vector Fields Possessing an Integral * Index Theory * Some General Properties of Vector Fields: Existence, Uniqueness, Differentiability, and Flows * Asymptotic Behavior * The Poincaré-Bendixson Theorem * Poincaré Maps * Conjugacies of Maps, and Varying the Cross-Section * Structural Stability, Genericity, and Transversality * Lagrange's Equations * Hamiltonian Vector Fields * Gradient Vector Fields * Reversible Dynamical Systems * Asymptotically Autonomous Vector Fields * Center Manifolds * Normal Forms * Bifurcation of Fixed Points of Vector Fields * Bifurcations of Fixed Points of Maps * On the Interpretation and Application of Bifurcation Diagrams: A Word of Caution * The Smale Horseshoe * Symbolic Dynamics * The Conley-Moser Conditions or 'How to Prove That a Dynamical System is Chaotic' * Dynamics Near Homoclinic Points of Two-Dimensional Maps * Orbits Homoclinic to Hyperbolic Fixed Points in Three-Dimensional Autonomous Vector Fields * Melnikov's Method for Homoclinic Orbits in Two-Dimensional, Time-Periodic Vector Fields * Liapunov Exponents * Chaos and Strange Attractors * Hyperbolic Invariant Sets: A Chaotic Saddle * Long Period Sinks in Dissipative Systems and Elliptic Islands in Conservative Systems * Global Bifurcations Arising from Local Codimension-Two Bifurcations * Glossary of Frequently Used Terms

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Book SynopsisThis book offers an introduction to the key ideas, basic analysis, and efficient implementation of discontinuous Galerkin finite element methods (DG-FEM) for the solution of partial differential equations.Trade ReviewFrom the reviews: "This book provides comprehensive coverage of the major aspects of the DG-FEM, from derivation, analysis and implementation of the method to simulation of application problems. It is a highly valuable volume in the literature on the DG-FEM. It is also suitable as a textbook for a graduate-level course for students in computational and applied mathematics, physics and engineering." -Mathematical Reviews "The book under review presents basic ideas, theoretical analysis, MATLAB implementation and applications of the DG-FEM. … The representative references quoted are useful for any reader interested in applying the method in a particular area. … This book provides comprehensive coverage of the major aspects of the DG-FEM … . It is a highly valuable volume in the literature on the DG-FEM. It is also suitable as a textbook for a graduate-level course for students in computational and applied mathematics, physics, and engineering." (Weimin Han, Mathematical Reviews, Issue 2008 k) "This book is intended to offer a comprehensive introduction to, and an efficient implementation of discontinuous Galerkin finite element methods … . Each chapter of the book is largely self-contained and is complemented by adequate exercises. … The style of writing is clear and concise … . is an exceptionally complete and accessible reference for graduate students, researchers, and professionals in applied mathematics, physics, and engineering. It may be used in graduate-level courses, as a self-study resource, or as a research reference." (Marius Ghergu, Zentralblatt MATH, Vol. 1134 (12), 2008)Table of ContentsThe key ideas.- Making it work in one dimension.- Insight through theory.- Nonlinear problems.- Beyond one dimension.- Higher-order equations.- Spectral properties of discontinuous Galerkin operators.- Curvilinear elements and nonconforming discretizations.- Into the third dimension.

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Book SynopsisI Newtonian Mechanics.- 1 Experimental facts.- 2 Investigation of the equations of motion.- II Lagrangian Mechanics.- 3 Variational principles.- 4 Lagrangian mechanics on manifolds.- 5 Oscillations.- 6 Rigid bodies.- III Hamiltonian Mechanics.- 7 Differential forms.- 8 Symplectic manifolds.- 9 Canonical formalism.- 10 Introduction to perturbation theory.- Appendix 1 Riemannian curvature.- Appendix 2 Geodesics of left-invariant metrics on Lie groups and the hydrodynamics of ideal fluids.- Appendix 3 Symplectic structures on algebraic manifolds.- Appendix 4 Contact structures.- Appendix 5 Dynamical systems with symmetries.- Appendix 6 Normal forms of quadratic hamiltonians.- Appendix 7 Normal forms of hamiltonian systems near stationary points and closed trajectories.- Appendix 8 Theory of perturbations of conditionally periodic motion, and Kolmogorov's theorem.- Appendix 9 Poincaré's geometric theorem, its generalizations and applications.- Appendix 10 Multiplicities of characteristic frequencies, and ellipsoids depending on parameters.- Appendix 11 Short wave asymptotics.- Appendix 12 Lagrangian singularities.- Appendix 13 The Korteweg-de Vries equation.- Appendix 14 Poisson structures.- Appendix 15 On elliptic coordinates.- Appendix 16 Singularities of ray systems.Trade ReviewSecond Edition V.I. Arnol’d Mathematical Methods of Classical Mechanics "The book's goal is to provide an overview, pointing out highlights and unsolved problems, and putting individual results into a coherent context. It is full of historical nuggets, many of them surprising . . . The examples are especially helpful; if a particular topic seems difficult, a later example frequently tames it. The writing is refreshingly direct, never degenerating into a vocabulary lesson for its own sake. The book accomplishes the goals it has set for itself. While it is not an introduction to the field, it is an excellent overview." —AMERICAN MATHEMATICAL MONTHLYTable of ContentsI Newtonian Mechanics.- 1 Experimental facts.- 2 Investigation of the equations of motion.- II Lagrangian Mechanics.- 3 Variational principles.- 4 Lagrangian mechanics on manifolds.- 5 Oscillations.- 6 Rigid bodies.- III Hamiltonian Mechanics.- 7 Differential forms.- 8 Symplectic manifolds.- 9 Canonical formalism.- 10 Introduction to perturbation theory.- Appendix 1 Riemannian curvature.- Appendix 2 Geodesics of left-invariant metrics on Lie groups and the hydrodynamics of ideal fluids.- Appendix 3 Symplectic structures on algebraic manifolds.- Appendix 4 Contact structures.- Appendix 5 Dynamical systems with symmetries.- Appendix 6 Normal forms of quadratic hamiltonians.- Appendix 7 Normal forms of hamiltonian systems near stationary points and closed trajectories.- Appendix 8 Theory of perturbations of conditionally periodic motion, and Kolmogorov’s theorem.- Appendix 9 Poincaré’s geometric theorem, its generalizations and applications.- Appendix 10 Multiplicities of characteristic frequencies, and ellipsoids depending on parameters.- Appendix 11 Short wave asymptotics.- Appendix 12 Lagrangian singularities.- Appendix 13 The Korteweg-de Vries equation.- Appendix 14 Poisson structures.- Appendix 15 On elliptic coordinates.- Appendix 16 Singularities of ray systems.

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Book SynopsisI Fundamentals.- 1 Ordinary Differential Equations.- 2 Difference Equations.- II Local Analysis.- 3 Approximate Solution of Linear Differential Equations.- 4 Approximate Solution of Nonlinear Differential Equations.- 5 Approximate Solution of Difference Equations.- 6 Asymptotic Expansion of Integrals.- III Perturbation Methods.- 7 Perturbation Series.- 8 Summation of Series.- IV Global Analysis.- 9 Boundary Layer Theory.- 10 WKB Theory.- 11 Multiple-Scale Analysis.Trade Review"This book is a reprint of the original published by McGraw-Hill \ref [MR0538168 (80d:00030)]. The only changes are the addition of the Roman numeral I to the title and the provision of a subtitle, "Asymptotic methods and perturbation theory". This latter improvement is much needed, as the original title suggested that this was a teaching book for undergraduate scientists and engineers. It is not, but is an excellent introduction to asymptotic and perturbation methods for master's degree students or beginning research students. Certain parts of it could be used for a course in asymptotics for final year undergraduates in applied mathematics or mathematical physics. This is a book that has stood the test of time and I cannot but endorse the remarks of the original reviewer. It is written in a fresh and lively style and the many graphs and tables, comparing the results of exact and approximate methods, were in advance of its time. I have owned a copy of the original for over twenty years, using it on a regular basis, and, after the original had gone out of print, lending it to my research students. Springer-Verlag has done a great service to users of, and researchers in, asymptotics and perturbation theory by reprinting this classic." (A.D. Wood, Mathematical Reviews) Table of ContentsI Preface. 1 Ordinary Differential Equations. 2 Difference Equations. 3 Approximate Solution of Linear Differential Equations. 4 Approximate Solution of Nonlinear Equations. 5 Approximate Solution of Difference Equations. 6 Asymptotic Expansion of Integrals. 7 Perturbation Series. 8 Summation of Series. 9 Boundary Layer Theory. 10 WKB Theory. 11 Multiple Scales Analysis. Appendix, References, Index

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Book SynopsisI. Basic Properties of Particles and Fields.- 1. Electromagnetism.- 2. Interaction of Fields and Particles.- 3. Dynamics of Classical Fields.- 4. Solitons.- 5. Path Integrals and Instantons.- II. Basic Principles and Applications of Differential Geometry.- 6. Differentiable Manifolds?Tensor Analysis.- 7. Differential Forms and the Exterior Calculus.- 8. Integral Calculus on Manifolds.- 9. Dirac Monopoles.- 10. Smooth Maps?Winding Numbers.- 11. Symmetries and Conservation Laws.Trade ReviewFROM THE REVIEWS: MATHEMATICAL REVIEWS"It is particularly well-suited as an introductory text, since the author takes great care to anticipate points that may cause confusion…The author does a good job of focusing on the fundamentals…[The first] part of the book works as either a self-contained introduction to classical field theory, or as a complement to a good text on classical electrodynamics…[The second] part of the book is very clear and well planned…works as a self-contained introduction to manifolds and differential forms, or, even better, as a compliment to a concise mathematics text.” PHYSICS TODAY"The present volume is a welcome edition to the growing number of books that develop geometrical language and use it to describe new developments in particle physics ... It provides clear treatment that is accessible to graduate students with a knowledge of advanced calculus and of classical physics.... The second half of the book deals with the principles of differential geometry and its applications, with a mathematical machinery of very wide range. Here clear line drawings and illustrations supplement the multitude of mathematical definitions. This section, in its clarity and pedagogy, is reminiscent of Gravitation by Charles Misner, Kip Thorne and John Wheeler.... Felsager gives a very clear presentation of the use of geometric methods in particle physics.... For those who have resisted learning this new language, his book provides a very good introduction as well as physical motivation. The inclusion of numerous exercises, worked out, renders the book useful for independent study also. I hope this book will be followed by others from authors with equal flair to provide a readable excursion into the next step." Table of ContentsPart I: Basic Properties of Particles and Fields; 1. Electromagnetism; 2. Interaction of Fields and Particles; 3. Dynamics of Classical Fields; 4. Solitons; 5. Path-Integrals and Instantons; Part II: Basic Principles and Applications of Differential Geometry; 6. Differentiable Manifolds-Tensor Analysis; 7. Differential Forms and the Exterior Algebra; 8. Integral Calculus on Manifolds; 9. Dirac Monopoles; 10. Smooth Maps-Winding Numbers; 11. Symmetries and Conservation Laws

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Book Synopsis1. Introduction.- 1.1. Order Symbols, Uniformity.- 1.2. Asymptotic Expansion of a Given Function.- 1.3. Regular Expansions for Ordinary and Partial Differential Equations.- References.- 2. Limit Process Expansions for Ordinary Differential Equations.- 2.1. The Linear Oscillator.- 2.2. Linear Singular Perturbation Problems with Variable Coefficients.- 2.3. Model Nonlinear Example for Singular Perturbations.- 2.4. Singular Boundary Problems.- 2.5. Higher-Order Example: Beam String.- References.- 3. Limit Process Expansions for Partial Differential Equations.- 3.1. Limit Process Expansions for Second-Order Partial Differential Equations.- 3.2. Boundary-Layer Theory in Viscous, Incompressible Flow.- 3.3. Singular Boundary Problems.- References.- 4. The Method of Multiple Scales for Ordinary Differential Equations.- 4.1. Method of Strained Coordinates for Periodic Solutions.- 4.2. Two Scale Expansions for the Weakly Nonlinear Autonomous Oscillator.- 4.3. Multiple-Scale Expansions for General Weakly Nonlinear Oscillators.- 4.4. Two-Scale Expansions for Strictly Nonlinear Oscillators.- 4.5. Multiple-Scale Expansions for Systems of First-Order Equations in Standard Form.- References.- 5. Near-Identity Averaging Transformations: Transient and Sustained Resonance.- 5.1. General Systems in Standard Form: Nonresonant Solutions.- 5.2. Hamiltonian System in Standard Form; Nonresonant Solutions.- 5.3. Order Reduction and Global Adiabatic Invariants for Solutions in Resonance.- 5.4. Prescribed Frequency Variations, Transient Resonance.- 5.5. Frequencies that Depend on the Actions, Transient or Sustained Resonance.- References.- 6. Multiple-Scale Expansions for Partial Differential Equations.- 6.1. Nearly Periodic Waves.- 6.2. Weakly Nonlinear Conservation Laws.- 6.3. Multiple-Scale Homogenization.- References.Table of Contents1. Introduction.- 1.1. Order Symbols, Uniformity.- 1.2. Asymptotic Expansion of a Given Function.- 1.3. Regular Expansions for Ordinary and Partial Differential Equations.- References.- 2. Limit Process Expansions for Ordinary Differential Equations.- 2.1. The Linear Oscillator.- 2.2. Linear Singular Perturbation Problems with Variable Coefficients.- 2.3. Model Nonlinear Example for Singular Perturbations.- 2.4. Singular Boundary Problems.- 2.5. Higher-Order Example: Beam String.- References.- 3. Limit Process Expansions for Partial Differential Equations.- 3.1. Limit Process Expansions for Second-Order Partial Differential Equations.- 3.2. Boundary-Layer Theory in Viscous, Incompressible Flow.- 3.3. Singular Boundary Problems.- References.- 4. The Method of Multiple Scales for Ordinary Differential Equations.- 4.1. Method of Strained Coordinates for Periodic Solutions.- 4.2. Two Scale Expansions for the Weakly Nonlinear Autonomous Oscillator.- 4.3. Multiple-Scale Expansions for General Weakly Nonlinear Oscillators.- 4.4. Two-Scale Expansions for Strictly Nonlinear Oscillators.- 4.5. Multiple-Scale Expansions for Systems of First-Order Equations in Standard Form.- References.- 5. Near-Identity Averaging Transformations: Transient and Sustained Resonance.- 5.1. General Systems in Standard Form: Nonresonant Solutions.- 5.2. Hamiltonian System in Standard Form; Nonresonant Solutions.- 5.3. Order Reduction and Global Adiabatic Invariants for Solutions in Resonance.- 5.4. Prescribed Frequency Variations, Transient Resonance.- 5.5. Frequencies that Depend on the Actions, Transient or Sustained Resonance.- References.- 6. Multiple-Scale Expansions for Partial Differential Equations.- 6.1. Nearly Periodic Waves.- 6.2. Weakly Nonlinear Conservation Laws.- 6.3. Multiple-Scale Homogenization.- References.

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Book SynopsisIn this study we are concerned with Vibration Theory and the Problem of Dynamics during the half century that followed the publication of Newton's Principia. In fact, it was through problems posed by Vibration Theory that a general theory of Dynamics was motivated and discovered.Table of Contents1. Introduction.- 2. Newton (1687).- 2.1. Pressure Wave.- 2.2. Remarks.- 3. Taylor (1713).- 3.1. Vibrating String.- 3.2. Absolute Frequency.- 3.3. Remarks.- 4. Sauveur (1713).- 4.1. Vibrating String.- 4.2. Remarks.- 5. Hermann (1716).- 5.1. Pressure Wave.- 5.2. Vibrating String.- 5.3. Remarks.- 6. Cramer (1722).- 6.1. Sound.- 6.2. Remarks.- 7. Euler (1727).- 7.1. Vibrating Ring.- 7.2. Sound.- 8. Johann Bernoulli (1728).- 8.1. Vibrating String (Continuous and Discrete).- 8.2. Remark on the Energy Method.- 9. Daniel Bernoulli (1733; 1734); Euler (1736) …..- 9.1. Linked Pendulum and Hanging Chain.- 9.2. Laguerre Polynomials and J0.- 9.3. Double and Triple Pendula.- 9.4. Roots of Polynomials.- 9.5. Zeros of J0.- 9.6. Other Boundary Conditions.- 9.7. The Bessel Functions Jv.- 10. Euler (1735).- 10.1. Pendulum Condition.- 10.2. Vibrating Rod.- 10.3. Remarks.- 11. Johann II Bernoulli (1736).- 11.1. Pressure Wave.- 11.2. Remarks.- 12. Daniel Bernoulli (1739; 1740).- 12.1. Floating Body.- 12.2. Remarks.- 12.3. Dangling Rod.- 12.4. Remarks on Superposition.- 13. Daniel Bernoulli (1742).- 13.1. Vibrating Rod.- 13.2. Absolute Frequency and Experiments.- 13.3. Superposition.- 14. Euler (1742).- 14.1. Linked Compound Pendulum.- 14.2. Dangling Rod and Weighted Chain.- 15. Johann Bernoulli (1742) no.- 15.1. One Degree of Freedom.- 15.2. Dangling Rod.- 15.3. Linked Pendulum I.- 15.4. Linked Pendulum II.- Appendix: Daniel Bernoulli’s Papers on the Hanging Chain and the Linked Pendulum.- Theoremata de Oscillationibus Corporum.- De Oscillationibus Filo Flexili Connexorum.- Theorems on the Oscillations of Bodies.- On the Oscillations of Bodies Connected by a Flexible Thread.

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Book SynopsisMany physical problems that are usually solved by differential equation methods can be solved more effectively by integral equation methods.Trade ReviewA nice introductory text... Presents the basics of linear integral equations theory in a very comprehensive way... [The] richness of examples and applications makes the book extremely useful for teachers and also researchers. —Applications of Mathematics (Review of the Second Edition) This second edition of this highly useful book continues the emphasis on applications and presents a variety of techniques with extensive examples...The book is ideal as a text for a beginning graduate course. Its excellent treatment of boundary value problems and an up-to-date bibliography make the book equally useful for researchers in many applied fields.—MathSciNet ​(Review of the Second Edition)Table of ContentsIntroduction.- Integral Equations with Separable Kernels.- Method Of Successive Approximations.- Classical Fredholm Theory.- Applications of Ordinary Differential Equations.- Applications of Partial Differential Equations.- Symmetric Kernels.- Singular Integral Equations.- Integral Transformation Methods.- Applications to Mixed Boundary Value Problems.- Integral Equations Perturbation Methods.- Appendix.- Bibliography.- Index.​

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Book SynopsisExplores active research on vertex operator algebras and vector-valued modular forms and offers original contributions to the areas of vertex algebras and number theory, surveys on some of the most important topics relevant to these fields, introductions to new fields related to these, and open problems from some of the leaders in these areas.Table of Contents P. Bantay, Orbifold deconstruction: A computational approach. K. Barron, N. Vander Werf, and J. Yang, The level one Zhu algebra for the Virasoro vertex operator algebra. L. Candelori, J. Fogliasso, C. Marks, and S. Moses, Period relations for Riemann surfaces with many automorphisms. A. Ros Camacho, On the Landau-Ginzburg/conformal field theory correspondence. J. F. R. Duncan, From the monster to Thompson to O'Nan. C. Franc and S. Rayan, Nonabelian Hodge theory and vector valued modular forms; R. L. Griess, Jr., Research topics in finite groups and vertex algebras. C. H. Lam, Automorphism group of an orbifold vertex operator algebra associated with the Leech lattice. L. Long, Some numeric hypergeometric supercongruences. K. Nagatomo, G. Mason, and Y. Sakai, Vertex operator algebras with central charge 8 and 16. K. Nagatomo, Y. Kurokawa, and Y. Sakai, Pseudo-characters of the symplectic fermions and modular linear differential equations. G. Mason, Five not-so-easy pieces: Open problems with vertex rings. M. Miyamoto, Vertex operator algebras and modular invariance..

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Book SynopsisIntroduces advanced undergraduates to Riemannian geometry and mathematical general relativity. The overall strategy of the book is to explain the concept of curvature via the Jacobi equation which, through discussion of tidal forces, further helps motivate the Einstein field equations.Table of Contents Introduction to Riemannian geometry Differential calculus with tensors Curvature General relativity Introduction to geometry analysis Bibliography Index

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Book Synopsis1. Hilbert Space.- 2. Spinors.- Finite Number of Dimensions.- 3. Rotations in n Dimensions.- 4. Null Vectors and Null Planes.- 5. The Independence Theorem.- 6. Specification of a Null Plane without Its Coordinates.- 7. Matrix Notation.- 8. Expression of a Rotation in Terms of an Infinitesimal Rotation.- 9. Complex Rotations.- 10. The Noncommutative Algebra.- 11. Rotation Operators.- 12. Fixation of the Coefficients of Rotation Operators.- 13. The Ambiguity of Sign.- 14. Kets and Bras.- 15. Simple Kets.- Even Number of Dimensions.- 16. The Ket Matrix.- 17. The Two-Ket-Matrix Theorem.- 18. The Connection between Two Ket Matrices.- 19. The Representation of Kets.- 20. The Representative of a Simple Ket. General.- 21. The Representative of a Simple Ket. Special Cases.- 22. Fixation of the Coefficients of Simple Kets.- 23. The Scalar Product Formula.- Infinite Number of Dimensions.- 24. The Need for Bounded Matrices.- 25. The Infinite Ket Matrix.- 26. Passage from One Ket Matrix to Another.Table of Contents1. Hilbert Space.- 2. Spinors.- Finite Number of Dimensions.- 3. Rotations in n Dimensions.- 4. Null Vectors and Null Planes.- 5. The Independence Theorem.- 6. Specification of a Null Plane without Its Coordinates.- 7. Matrix Notation.- 8. Expression of a Rotation in Terms of an Infinitesimal Rotation.- 9. Complex Rotations.- 10. The Noncommutative Algebra.- 11. Rotation Operators.- 12. Fixation of the Coefficients of Rotation Operators.- 13. The Ambiguity of Sign.- 14. Kets and Bras.- 15. Simple Kets.- Even Number of Dimensions.- 16. The Ket Matrix.- 17. The Two-Ket-Matrix Theorem.- 18. The Connection between Two Ket Matrices.- 19. The Representation of Kets.- 20. The Representative of a Simple Ket. General.- 21. The Representative of a Simple Ket. Special Cases.- 22. Fixation of the Coefficients of Simple Kets.- 23. The Scalar Product Formula.- Infinite Number of Dimensions.- 24. The Need for Bounded Matrices.- 25. The Infinite Ket Matrix.- 26. Passage from One Ket Matrix to Another.- 27. The Various Kinds of Ket Matrices.- 28. Failure of the Associative Law.- 29. The Fundamental Commutators.- 30. Boson Variables.- 31. Boson Emission and Absorption Operators.- 32. Infinite Determinants.- 33. Validity of the Scalar Product Formula.- 34. The Energy of a Boson.- 35. Physical Application.

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Table of Contents1. Basic definitions.- 2. The invariant bilinear form and the generalized Casimir operator.- 3. Integrable representations and the Weyl group of a Kac-Moody algebra.- 4. Some properties of generalized Cartan matrices.- 5. Real and imaginary roots.- 6. Affine Lie algebras: the normalized invariant bilinear form, the root system and the Weyl group.- 7. Affine Lie algebras: the realization (case k = 1).- 8. Affine Lie algebras: the realization (case k = 2 or 3). Application to the classification of finite order automorphisms.- 9. Highest weight modules over the Lie algebra g(A).- 10. Integrable highest weight modules: the character formula.- 11. Integrable highest weight modules: the weight system, the contravariant Hermitian form and the restriction problem.- 12. Integrable highest weight modules over affine Lie algebras. Application to ?-function identities.- 13. Affine Lie algebras, theta functions and modular forms.- 14. The principal realization of the basic representation. Application to the KdV-type hierarchies of non-linear partial differential equations.- Index of notations and definitions.- References.

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Book SynopsisThat Einstein''s insight was profound goes without saying. A strildng indication of its depth is the abundance of unexpected riches that others have found in his work - riches reserved for those daring to give serious attention to implications that at first sight seem unphysical. A famous instance is that of the de Broglie waves. If, in ac cordance with Fermat''s principle, a photon followed the path of least time, de Broglie felt that the photon should have some phys ical means of exploring alternative paths to determine which of them would in fact require the least time. For this and other rea sons, he assumed that the photon had a nonvanishing rest mass, and, in accordance with Einstein''s E = h v, he endowed the photon with a spread-out pulsation of the form A Sin(27TEt/h) in the photon''s rest frame. According to the theory of relativity such a pulsation, every where simultaTable of ContentsI. The Name and Content of the Theory of Relativity.- II. Einstein’s Postulates and the Lorentz Transformations.- III. Paradoxes in Kinematics.- IV. Paradoxes in Relativistic Dynamics.- V. Are Velocities Higher than the Velocity of Light Possible?.- VI. Negative and Imaginary Proper Masses.- Literature Cited.

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Book SynopsisIntroduction to Mathematical Modeling helps students master the processes used by scientists and engineers to model real-world problems, including the challenges posed by space exploration, climate change, energy sustainability, chaotic dynamical systems and random processes.Primarily intended for students with a working knowledge of calculus but minimal training in computer programming in a first course on modeling, the more advanced topics in the book are also useful for advanced undergraduate and graduate students seeking to get to grips with the analytical, numerical, and visual aspects of mathematical modeling, as well as the approximations and abstractions needed for the creation of a viable model.Table of ContentsThe Process of Mathematical Modeling. Modeling with ODEs. Systems of ODES. Stability. Bifurcations. Modeling with PDES. Modeling of Fluid flow. Geophysical Modeling. Nonlinear PDEs. Variational Principles.

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Book SynopsisThis book explores the numerical algorithms underpinning modern finite element based computational mechanics software. It covers all the major numerical methods that are used in computational mechanics. It reviews the basic concepts in linear algebra and advanced matrix theory, before covering solution of systems of equations, symmetric eigenvalue solution methods, and direct integration of discrete dynamic equations of motion, illustrated with numerical examples. This book suits a graduate course in mechanics based disciplines, and will help software developers in computational mechanics. Increased understanding of the underlying numerical methods will also help practicing engineers to use the computational mechanics software more effectively.Trade Review"This book is a collection of the most relevant numerical methods used in computational mechanics. It is a clear and rigorous presentation of algorithms corresponding to numerical methods for solving systems of linear and nonlinear algebraic equations, for finding eigenvalues and eigenvectors of matrices, and for integration of dynamic equations of motion. This hands-on presentation will certainly be welcomed by users of computational mechanics software interested in gaining a better understanding of the implemented algorithms as well as developers of software. In addition, the book could be used as a textbook for a graduate level course in computational mechanics." — Corina S. Drapaca, Pennsylvania State University, USA"This book is a collection of the most relevant numerical methods used in computational mechanics. It is a clear and rigorous presentation of algorithms corresponding to numerical methods for solving systems of linear and nonlinear algebraic equations, for finding eigenvalues and eigenvectors of matrices, and for integration of dynamic equations of motion. This hands-on presentation will certainly be welcomed by users of computational mechanics software interested in gaining a better understanding of the implemented algorithms as well as developers of software. In addition, the book could be used as a textbook for a graduate level course in computational mechanics." — Corina S. Drapaca, Pennsylvania State University, USATable of ContentsReview of Matrix Analysis. Review of Methods of Analysis In Structural Mechanics. Solution of System of Linear Equations. Iterative Solution Methods for System of Linear Equations. Conjugate Gradient Methods. Solution Methods for System of Nonlinear Equations. Eigenvalue Solution Methods. Direct Integration of Dynamic Equation of Motion. The Generalized Difference Method.

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Book SynopsisThe book is intended for students of graduate and postgraduate level, researchers in mathematical sciences as well as those who want to apply the spectral theory of second order differential operators in exterior domains to their own field. In the first half of this book, the classical results of spectral and scattering theory: the selfadjointness, essential spectrum, absolute continuity of the continuous spectrum, spectral representations, short-range and long-range scattering are summarized. In the second half, recent results: scattering of Schrodinger operators on a star graph, uniform resolvent estimates, smoothing properties and Strichartz estimates, and some applications are discussed.Table of ContentsSecond Order Elliptic Differential Operators in L2(Ω). Spectrum of the Operator L. Growth Estimates of the Generalized Eigenfunctions. Principle of Limiting Asorptions and Absolute Continuity. Examples. Spectral Representations and Scattering for Short-range perturbations. Spectral Representations and Scattering for "Long-range" perturbations. One Dimensional Schrodinger operator. Uniform Resolvent Estimates. Smoothing and Strichartz estimates. Several Topics for Evolution Equations.

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Book SynopsisPerturbation Theory: Advances in Research and Applications begins with a deliberation on the development of a formalism of the Exchange perturbation theory (EPT) that accounts for the general identity principle of electrons that belong to different atomic centres. The possible applications of the theory concerning scattering and collision problems are discussed, and the authors apply the TDEPT to the description of the positron scattering on a Lithium atom as an example. Next, spin fluctuations in metallic multiband systems are discussed, including how to calculate the effect of itinerant spin excitations on the electronic properties and formulate a theory of spin fluctuation-induced superconductivity. The function of spin-orbit coupling is emphasized. Following this, the authors review how, governed by chiral symmetry, the long- and intermediate-range parts of the $NN$ potential unfold order by order, proceeding up to sixth order where convergence is achieved. Perturbative and nonperturbative approaches to nuclear amplitude are discussed, including the implications for renormalization. Continuing, this book presents proof of the good convergence properties of the new expansions on mathematical models that simulate the physical polarization function for light quarks and its derivative (the Adler function), in various prescriptions of renormalization-group summation. An overview of the calculation of one-loop corrections to the baryon axial vector current in the large-Nc heavy baryon chiral perturbation theory is offered, where Nc is the number of color charges. The matrix elements of the space components of the renormalization of the baryon axial vector current between SU(6) symmetric states yield the values of the axial vector couplings.

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Book SynopsisThis volume records the proceedings of an international conference that explored recent developments and the interaction between mathematical theory and physical phenomena.Table of ContentsNON-COMMUTATIVE SPHERES and NUMERICAL QUANTUM MECHANICS; Matricial and Ultramatricial Topology; Remarks on the Three-Manifold Invariants ? p; The Crossed Product of the Irrational Rotation Algebra by the Flip; Quadratic and Exchange Algebras, and Modified Yang-Baxter Relations for the Selfdual Yang-Mills System and the WZNW Model; Regular Actions of Hopf Algebras on the C*-Algebra Generated by a Hilbert Space; Operator Algebras, Group Actions and Abstract Duals; A Classification of Certain Simple C*-Algebras; On Two Quantized Tensor Products 1; Geometry of Differential Equations and Projective Representations of the witt Algebra; Spin Model on Knot Projections; Towards Extracting Physical Predictions from Alain Connes' Version of the Standard Model (The New Grand Unification?); A Commutator Inequality; Duals of Compact Groups Realized by Semigroups of Non-Unital Endomorphisms of C *-Algebras; A New Index for Continuous Semigroups of *-Endomorphisms of B(H); Topological Orbit Equivalence; Toeplitz C *-Alegras on Pseudoconvex Domains with Transverse Symmetries; Normal Subgroups of the Automorphism Group of a Factor; Subfactors and Invariants of 3-Manifolds

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Book SynopsisThe theory of holomorphic functions of several complex variables emerged from the attempt to generalize the theory in one variable to the multidimensional situation. Research in this area has led to the discovery of many sophisticated facts, structures, ideas, relations, and applications. This deepening of knowledge, however, has also revealed more and more paradoxical differences between the structures of the two theories. The authors of this Research Note were driven by the quest to construct a theory in several complex variables that has the same structure as the one-variable theory. That is, they sought a reproducing kernel for the whole class that is universal and from same class. Integral Theorems for Functions and Differential Forms in Cm documents their success. Their highly original approach allowed them to obtain new results and refine some well-known results from the classical theory of several complex variables. The 'hyperholomorphic" theory they developed proved to be a kind of direct sum of function theories for two Dirac-type operators of Clifford analysis considered in the same domain.In addition to new results and methods, this work presents a first-look at a brand new setting, based upon the natural language of differential forms, for complex analysis. Integral Theorems for Functions and Differential Forms in Cm reveals a deep link between the fields of several complex variables theory and Clifford analysis. It will have a strong influence on researchers in both areas, and undoubtedly will change the general viewpoint on the methods and ideas of several complex variables theory.Trade Review"…the book will be interesting to specialists in complex analysis and its applications".- Mathematical Reviews, 2003a"This well-written book is a valuable contribution to the broad field of interactions between complex analysis and partial differential equations...Moreover, the book can be used for individual studies, because fundamental concepts and important theorems are explained in detail."-Mathematical Reviews, Issue 94aTable of ContentsIntroduction. Differential Forms. Differential Forms with Co-Efficients in 2x2 Matrices. Hyperholomorphic Functions and Differential Forms in Cm. Cauchy's Theorem. Morera's Theorem. Cauchy's Integral Representation. Hyperholomorphic D-problem. Complex Hodge-Dolbeault System. Relations with Clifford Analysis.

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Book SynopsisThis book introduces the class of dynamical systems called semiflows, which includes systems defined or modeled by certain types of differential evolution equations (DEEs). It focuses on the basic results of the theory of dynamical systems that can be extended naturally and applied to study the asymptotic behavior of the solutions of DEEs. The authors concentrate on three types of absorbing sets: attractors, exponential attractors, and inertial manifolds. They present the fundamental properties of these sets, and then proceed to show the existence of some of these sets for a number of dynamical systems generated by well-known physical models. In particular, they consider in full detail two particular PDEEs: a semilinear version of the heat equation and a corresponding version of the dissipative wave equation. These examples illustrate the most important features of the theory of semiflows and provide a sort of template that can be applied to the analysis of other models.The material builds in a careful, gradual progression, developing the background needed by newcomers to the field, and culminating in a more detailed presentation of the main topics than found in most sources. The authors' approach to and treatment of the subject builds the foundation for more advanced references and research on global attractors, exponential attractors, and inertial manifolds.Table of ContentsDynamical Processes. Attractors of Semiflows. Attractors for Semilinear Evolution Equations. Exponential Attractors. Inertial Manifolds. Examples. A Non-Existence Result for Inertial Manifolds. Appendix: Selected Results from Analysis. Bibliography. Index. Nomenclature

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Book SynopsisDue to the increase in computational power and new discoveries in propagation phenomena for linear and nonlinear waves, the area of computational wave propagation has become more significant in recent years. Exploring the latest developments in the field, Effective Computational Methods for Wave Propagation presents several modern, valuable computational methods used to describe wave propagation phenomena in selected areas of physics and technology.Featuring contributions from internationally known experts, the book is divided into four parts. It begins with the simulation of nonlinear dispersive waves from nonlinear optics and the theory and numerical analysis of Boussinesq systems. The next section focuses on computational approaches, including a finite element method and parabolic equation techniques, for mathematical models of underwater sound propagation and scattering. The book then offers a comprehensive introduction to modern numerical methods for time-dependent elastic wave propagation. The final part supplies an overview of high-order, low diffusion numerical methods for complex, compressible flows of aerodynamics. Concentrating on physics and technology, this volume provides the necessary computational methods to effectively tackle the sources of problems that involve some type of wave motion.Table of ContentsPreface. Nonlinear Dispersive Waves: Numerical Simulations of Singular Solutions of Nonlinear Schrödinger Equations. Numerical Solution of the Nonlinear Helmholtz Equation. Theory and Numerical Analysis of Boussinesq Systems: A Review. The Helmholtz Equation and its Paraxial Approximations in Underwater Acoustics: Finite Element Discretization of the Helmholtz Equation in an Underwater Acoustic Waveguide. Parabolic Equation Techniques in Underwater Acoustics. Numerical Solution of the Parabolic Equation in Range-Dependent Waveguides. Exact Boundary Conditions for Acoustic PE Modeling over an N2-Linear Half-Space. Numerical Methods for Elastic Wave Propagation. Introduction and Orientation. The Mathematical Model for Elastic Wave Propagation. Finite Element Methods with Continuous Displacement. Finite Element Methods with Discontinuous Displacement. Fictitious Domains Methods for Wave Diffraction. Space Time Mesh Refinement Methods. Numerical Methods for Treating Unbounded Media. Waves in Compressible Flows. High-Order Accurate Space Discretization Methods for Computational Fluid Dynamics. Governing Equations. High-Order Finite-Difference Schemes. ENO and WENO Schemes. The Discontinuous Galerkin (DG) Method. Index.

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Book SynopsisExtending and generalizing the results of rational equations,Dynamics of Third Order Rational Difference Equations with Open Problems and Conjectures focuses on the boundedness nature of solutions, the global stability of equilibrium points, the periodic character of solutions, and the convergence to periodic solutions, including their periodic trichotomies. The book also provides numerous thought-provoking open problems and conjectures on the boundedness character, global stability, and periodic behavior of solutions of rational difference equations. After introducing several basic definitions and general results, the authors examine 135 special cases of rational difference equations that have only bounded solutions and the equations that have unbounded solutions in some range of their parameters. They then explore the seven known nonlinear periodic trichotomies of third order rational difference equations. The main part of the book presents the known results of each of the 225 special cases of third order rational difference equations. In addition, the appendices supply tables that feature important information on these cases as well as on the boundedness character of all fourth order rational difference equations. A Framework for Future Research The theory and techniques developed in this book to understand the dynamics of rational difference equations will be useful in analyzing the equations in any mathematical model that involves difference equations. Moreover, the stimulating conjectures will promote future investigations in this fascinating, yet surprisingly little known area of research.Table of ContentsPreface. Introduction. Preliminaries. Equations with Bounded Solutions. Existence of Unbounded Solutions. Period Trichotomies. Known Results for Each of the 225 Special Cases. Appendices. Bibliography. Index.

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Book SynopsisThis book demonstrates some of the ways in which Microsoft Excel® may be used to solve numerical problems in the field of physics. But why use Excel in the first place? Certainly, Excel is never going to out-perform the wonderful symbolic algebra tools that we have today – Mathematica, Mathcad, Maple, MATLAB, etc. However, from a pedagogical stance, Excel has the advantage of not being a ‘black box’ approach to problem solving. The user must do a lot more work than just call up a function. The intermediate steps in a calculation are displayed on the worksheet. Another advantage is the somewhat less steep learning curve. This book shows Excel in action in various areas within physics. Some Visual Basic for Applications (VBA) has been introduced, the purpose here is to show how the power of Excel can be greatly extended and hopefully to whet the appetite of a few readers to get familiar with the power of VBA. Those with programming experience in any other language should be able to follow the code.

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Book SynopsisIt is well-known that the fundamental problem in contemporary theoretical physics is the "pacific coexistence" between General Relativity and Quantum Mechanics. The scenarios of the explorable relationships between classical space-time and quantum land are various: the geometrodynamic one (by a proper extension of geometry), the stochastic fractal one (defining a middle land mediated by QFT-like hypotheses), the emergent one (from a physical viewpoint, by the collective behaviours of discrete entities, which mathematically means that the geometry derives from an algebraic structure of events).This anthology includes some of the most significant voices on the problem of the possible relations between the space-time dynamics and the quantum networks of events.

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Book SynopsisThis book gives an overview of Cloud Computing (CC) and presents a literature review explaining the development of CC. Selected frameworks are discussed, including those suitable for this research. Technical and organisational challenges for CC are also identified. This book focuses on organisational challenges and recommendations to address organisational challenges. To help organisations achieve good Cloud design, deployment and services, there is a need for the proposal and development of a framework, the Cloud Computing Business Framework (CCBF), which explains how three research questions are connected together. The CCBF is a conceptual and an architectural framework to be validated through modelling, simulation, experiments and hybrid case studies. The architecture of the CCBF is presented to explain how different key areas can relate to each other and fit into the framework. Results of case studies, simulations, modelling and experiments are used to validate CCBF and are discussed in details which collaborators find results of CCBF useful for their Cloud adoption. Selected results have been published including four journals and one book chapter. Finally, future work plans are proposed and followed-up steps are explained.

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Book SynopsisThe fields of study in which random fluctuations arise and cannot be ignored are as disparate and numerous as there are synonyms for the word "noise." In the nearly two centuries following the discovery of what has come to be known as Brownian motion, named in homage to botanist Robert Brown, scientists, engineers, financial analysts, mathematicians, and literary authors have posited theories, created models, and composed literary works which have accounted for environmental noise. This volume offers a glimpse into the ways in which Brownian motion has crept into a myriad of fields of study through fifteen distinct chapters written by mathematicians, physicists, and other scholars. The intent is to especially highlight the vastness of scholarly work that explains various facets of Nature made possible by one scientist''s curiosity sparked by observing sporadic movement of specks of pollen under a microscope in a 19th century laboratory.

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Book SynopsisMetrological data is known to be blurred by the imperfections of the measuring process. In retrospect, for about two centuries regular or constant errors were no focal point of experimental activities, only irregular or random error were. Today's notation of unknown systematic errors is in line with this. Confusingly enough, the worldwide practiced approach to belatedly admit those unknown systematic errors amounts to consider them as being random, too. This book discusses a new error concept dispensing with the common practice to randomize unknown systematic errors. Instead, unknown systematic errors will be treated as what they physically are- namely as constants being unknown with respect to magnitude and sign. The ideas considered in this book issue a proceeding steadily localizing the true values of the measurands and consequently traceability.Table of Contents Preface Acknowledgements Author biography 1. Basics of metrology 2. Some statistics 3. Measurement uncertainties 4. Method of least squares 5. Fitting of straight lines 6. Features of least squares estimators 7. Prospects 8. Epilogue References and suggested reading

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Book SynopsisThis book demonstrates Microsoft EXCEL-based Fourier transform of selected physics examples. Spectral density of the auto-regression process is also described in relation to Fourier transform. Rather than offering rigorous mathematics, readers will "try and feel" Fourier transform for themselves through the examples. Readers can also acquire and analyze their own data following the step-by-step procedure explained in this book. A hands-on acoustic spectral analysis can be one of the ideal long-term student projects.Table of Contents Preface Acknowledgments Author biography 1. The principle of superposition and the Fourier series 2. The Fourier transform 3. The EXCEL-based Fourier transform 4. The Fourier transform in physics 5. Beyond the Fourier transform spectroscopy Appendix

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Book SynopsisThis is a companion textbook for an introductory course in physics. It aims to link the theories and models that students learn in class with practical problem-solving techniques. In other words, it should address the common complaint that 'I understand the concepts but I can't do the homework or tests'. The fundamentals of introductory physics courses are addressed in simple and concise terms, with emphasis on how the fundamental concepts and equations should be used to solve physics problems.

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Book SynopsisThe world of single-board computing puts powerful coding tools in the palm of your hand. The portable Raspberry Pi computing platform with the power of Linux yields an exciting exploratory tool for beginning scientific computing.Science and Computing with Raspberry Pi takes the enterprising researcher, student, or hobbyist through explorations in a variety of computing exercises with the physical sciences. The book has tutorials and exercises for a wide range of scientific computing problems while guiding the user through: Configuring your Raspberry Pi and Linux operating system Understanding the software requirements while using the Pi for scientific computing Computing exercises in physics, astronomy, chaos theory, and machine learning Table of Contents Preface Acknowledgements Author biography 1. Raspberry Pi 2. Setting up your system 3. Chaos and non-linear dynamics 4. Physics and astronomy 5. Machine learning 6. Image combination and analysis Appendices

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Book SynopsisSecond harmonic generation (SHG) has a wide range of applications in today's technological era, including nonlinear optics, quantum optics, lasers, material science, medical science, biological imaging, and high-resolution optical microscopy. In the laser industry, for example, SHG is prudent to create wavelength-specific high-energy lasers. It is also used to measure ultra-short pulse width with autocorrelators. SHG is now indispensable as a spectroscopic imaging tool in applications, such as biophysical characterization of the plasma membrane, biological sensing, disease diagnostics, and investigations of biomolecular interactions at interfaces. Because of its non-destructive detection, ultrafast response, and polarization sensitivity, SHG is exploited to describe crystal structures and materials. The use of SHG to characterize two-dimensional (2D) material structures gives crucial insights into their physical properties, thereby promoting the development of the relevant basic research, leading to the investigation of the potential applications of those materials. Developments in SHG research hold promising potentials of a large class of materials, such as magnetic- and nonmagnetic layered materials, perovskites, antiferromagnetic oxides, II-VI and III-V semiconductors, and nanotubes, for a variety of technological applications. This book focuses on the process of modelling and simulations of the SHG phenomenon in the area of nonlinear and quantum optics. The first chapter provides a visualization of the scientific landscape of research in SHG using scientometric analysis from 1962 to 2020 based on Scopus database. This chapter gives new postgraduate students in the subject useful information on hot themes in SHG research and how they are related to one another. There is also a brief mention of multinational collaborative networks. The following four research chapters look at the SHG from a classical standpoint, using Maxwell's equations to describe the nonlinear optical interaction between the electromagnetic wave and the medium. Such interaction is treated quantum mechanically in the second section of the book, with the SHG process described using a propagating Hamiltonian. As such, the volume adequately describes the SHG from both the classical and quantum mechanical standpoints. This allows the postgraduate researchers, focusing on the nonlinear phenomena, resulting from light-matter interaction, to find the content useful. In the second part of this volume, readers are introduced to a full theoretical analysis of the quantum features generated in certain optical devices, such as a two-waveguide device working under the SHG and coupled waveguide arrays with the combined second- and third-order nonlinear effects. To be more specific, this part discusses how SHG-enabled devices might be a useful source of nonclassical light. This section remains relevant for postgraduate students commencing their studies in quantum optics, where the nonclassical phenomena, such as squeezing and entanglement, require a solid understanding of the underlying techniques, namely the phase space and the analytical perturbative methods.Table of ContentsPreface; Visualizing the Scientific Landscape of Research in Second Harmonic Generation: A Scientometric Review; Modeling Efficient Second Harmonic Generation in Microcrystalline KDP Fibers: Part I; Modeling Efficient Second Harmonic Generation in Microcrystalline KDP Fibers: Part II; Design and Analysis of Photonic Crystal-Based Integrated Optical Devices Using the Finite Difference Method; Nonlinear Optical Properties in Single and Coupled InAs/GaAs Quantum Dots; Quantum Properties of Light in Codirectional Coupler with Second Harmonic Generation; Quantum Dynamics of Contradirectional Nonlinear Coupler; Squeezed Light in Coupled Waveguide Networks Induced by the Nonlinear Kerr Effect and Second Harmonic Generation; About the Editor; List of Contributors; Index.

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Book SynopsisWill artificial intelligence solve all problems, making scientific formulae redundant? The authors of this book would argue that there is still a vital role in formulating them to make sense of the laws of nature. To derive a formula one needs to follow a series of steps; last of all, check that the result is correct, primarily through the analysis of limiting cases. The book is about unravelling this machinery.Mathematics is the 'queen of all sciences', but students encounter many obstacles in learning the subject — familiarization with the proofs of hundreds of theorems, mysterious symbols, and technical routines for which the usefulness is not obvious upfront. Those interested in the physical sciences could lose motivation, not seeing the wood for the trees.How to Derive a Formula is an attempt to engage these learners, presenting mathematical methods in simple terms, with more of an emphasis on skills as opposed to technical knowledge. Based on intuition and common sense rather than mathematical rigor, it teaches students from scratch using pertinent examples, many taken across the physical sciences.This book provides an interesting new perspective of what a mathematics textbook could be, including historical facts and humour to complement the material.

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