Life sciences: general issues Books

Book SynopsisDespite the widespread growth and acceptance of particulate technology, challenges in the design, operation, and manufacturing of these systems still exists. These critical issues must be resolved so that particle technology may continue to serve as a foundation for new nano and biotechnologies. Particulate Systems in Nano- and Biotechnologies presents a summary of the revolutionizing developments that have occurred during the last decade and proposes solutions for overcoming present and future challenges. The world's foremost scientific experts from European, Australian, Asian, and North American research centers give their critical view of particulate systems and adsorbed films and review the current status of state-of-the-art technologies, such as FloDots, functionalized magnetite nanoparticles, and zero-valent iron nanoparticles for abatement of environmental pollutants. A survey of the cutting-edge technologies, this book offerTable of ContentsParticle Technology—Then and Now—A Perspective. The Production of Nanoparticles, the "Top-Down" Approach, with the Emphasis on Aerosol Routes, Especially Electrohydrodynamic Atomization. Use of Self-Assembled Surfactants for Nanomaterials Synthesis. Synthesis and Engineering of Polymeric Latex Particles for Hemodialysis: Part I—A Review. Synthesis and Engineering of Polymeric Latex Particles for Hemodialysis: Part II—An Experimental Study. Product Engineering of Nanoscaled Materials. Surface Engineering Quantum Dots at the Air-Water Interface. Fundamental Forces in Powder Flow. Characterization of Pharmaceutical Aerosols and Dry Powder Inhalers for Pulmonary Drug Delivery. Imaging of Particle Size and Concentration in Heterogeneous Scattering Media Using Multispectral Diffuse Optical Tomography. Surfactants/Hybrid Polymers and Their Nanoparticles for Personal Care Applications. FloDots for Bioimaging and Bioanalysis. Photocatalytic Particles for Biocidal Applications. Zero-valent Iron Nanoparticles for Abatement of Environmental Pollutants: Materials and Engineering Aspects. Functionalized Magnetite Nanoparticles—Synthesis,Properties, and Bioapplications. The Emergence of "Magnetic and Fluorescent" Multimodal Nanoparticles as Contrast Agents in Bioimaging.

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Book SynopsisProton and Carbon NMR Spectra of Polymers is an updated, consolidated volume featuring the spectra published in three previous volumes, plus 150 newly derived spectra. It contains 458 NMR spectra with associated analytical notes covering acrylics, amides, dienes, ethers, olefins, siloxins, styrenes and derivatives, urethanes, vinyls, vinylidenes, and others. The spectra obtained are either 1H or 13C; extended bibliographic references are attached. Each entry provides details of the chemical structure of the analyzed sample, in addition to analytical conditions including nucleus, frequency, spectrometer, detection technique, solvent, temperature, reference, lock and, where appropriate, flip angle. The wealth of information contained in this single volume make Proton and Carbon NMR Spectra of Polymers an essential acquisition for all academic, industrial research, and analytical laboratories and libraries involved with polymer chemistry.Table of ContentsAcrylics, Amides, Dienes, Esters, Ethers, Miscellaneous, Olefins, Siloxanes, Styrenes and Derivatives, Urethanes, Vinyls and Vinylidenes

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Book SynopsisExtensively revised, reorganized, and expanded, the third edition of the industry standard, The Lipid Handbook reflects many of the changes in lipid science and technology that have occurred in the last decade. All chapters have been rewritten, many by new authors, to match the updated thinking and practice of modern lipid science and bring a fresh perspective to twenty years of tradition.Retaining the general structure of the previous editions, The Lipid Handbook with CD-ROM, Third Edition collates a wide range of information into a single volume. New contributions highlight the latest technologies utilized in today's lipid science such as chromatographic analysis and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. An entirely new chapter is devoted to non-food uses such as lipids as surfactants, cosmetics, and biofuels. Expanded sections illustrate a growing emphasis on lipid metabolism and the nutritional, medical, and agricultural aspects including human dietary requirements and disorders of lipid metabolism. The dictionary section is vastly expanded to cover chemical structure, physical properties, and references to thousands of lipid and lipid related molecules. The handbook now includes a CD-ROM that allows instant access to tabulated and referenced information and can be searched either as the full text or by structure or substructure.Drawing from the best minds in the field, The Lipid Handbook with CD-ROM, Third Edition presents the latest technological developments and the current and future directions and applications of lipid science to the next generation of researchers.Trade Review"… it provides an impressive amount of excellent information on a wide range of topics… is should be in the library of every large food company and university . . . Throughout the text, each section has its own list of up-do-date and useful references immediately following the section. The text is well written with numerous references." — William E. Artz, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, in Inform, November 2008, Vol. 19, No. 11"Readers will note that, rather than restrict the analysis of lipids to the somewhat narrow medicinal and cardiovascular arenas (which is what the public hears about regularly), the editors instead have deconstructed the fatty acid from its molecular state and then rebuilt it layer by layer as a means to demonstrate just how many facets of life lipid science intersects. Moreover, the information on the technologies now being employed to refine and process fats and oils is invaluable, as these industrial 'leaps' are likely to have profound impact on other areas of scientific research in the coming years … Recommended as in-office reference for lipid researchers in both industrial and science-based realms. Further recommended to Health Science libraries as the authoritative voice in this fascinating area." -John Aiello, The Electric Review, www.electricrev.net, May 2007Table of ContentsFatty Acid and Lipid Structures. Composition of Natural Lipids. Extraction, Refining, and Processing. Chemical and Biochemical Synthesis. Analysis. Physical Properties. Chemical Properties. Non-food Uses. Lipid Metabolism. Nutrition, Medical, and Agricultural Aspects.

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Book SynopsisThe manufacturing industry currently employs a wide variety of welding processes. The main technological process applied in the production of weldments is fusion welding. Presenting the latest research on the topic, Surface Phenomena in Fusion Welding Processes is a cutting-edge and comprehensive book that details the various courses of action that occur during welding procedures. It explains established regularities that are useful in the development of processes; details the formation of defects, allowing for an understanding of the role of surface properties and surface phenomena during the formation of defects; and describes welding in space, elucidating the determination role of surface phenomena in that environment. The text also contains 217 figures, 29 tables, and 336 equations to provide the reader with a better understanding of the various processes. In the development of welding technologies, as well as welding consumables, it is essential to know and to takeTable of ContentsCharacterization of the Fusion Welding Process.Surface Properties and Phenomena. Results of Studying the Surface Properties and Phenomena. Electrode-Metal Transfer and Surface Phenomena. Formation of Weld and Deposited Metal. Non-Metallic Inclusions. Porosity in Welds. Solidification Cracking. Development of Welding and Surfacing Technologies with Allowance for Surface Phenomena. Appendix. References. Index.

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Book SynopsisMicroscopy of Oxidation: the proceedings of the Second International Conference Held at Selwyn College, University of Cambridge, in 1991.

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Book SynopsisThis volume contains the results of tests on the corrosivity of European sea waters towards three types of stainless steels as well as reviews and reports covering materials selection.

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Book SynopsisProceedings of the 3rd International Seminar of the International Federation for Heat Treatment held in Melbourne, in 1991 with the special focus on Quenching and Carburising'. Quenching and Carburising are two of the most basic and widely practised steel heat treatment processes. Each allows the base properties and performance of the steel to be significantly enhanced, such that a relatively inexpensive and simple starting material can be used for a wide range of demanding applications. Nevertheless, the technological developments within those two processes are often ignored in favour of high tech' surface treatments. The aim of Quenching and Carburising was to review the recent advancements that have been made in these fields.

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Book SynopsisProceedings of a Conference Held at the National Physical Laboratory, in Teddington, UK, on the 13-14 April 1994, with the main focus of Hydrogen Transport and Cracking in Metals.

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Book SynopsisNanotechnology has become one of the most important fields in science. Nanoparticles exhibit unique chemical, physical and electronic properties that are different from those of bulk materials, due to their small size and better architecture. Nanoparticles can be used to construct novel sensing devices; in particular electrochemical sensors. Electrochemical detection is highly attractive for the monitoring of glucose, cancer cells, cholesterol and infectious diseases. Unique nanocomposite-based films proposed in this book open new doors to the design and fabrication of high-performance electrochemical sensors.Table of ContentsIntroductionLiterature ReviewExperimental procedures and MaterialsFabrication of Cobalt(II) Immobilized ZnO/MWCNT/PCL Nanocomposite Film: Electrocatalytic Detection of GlucoseSynthesis and Characterization of Gelatin Stabilized Anatase Titanium Dioxide Nanoparticles via the Sol-Gel Method and its Applications for Sensitive Detection of L-TryptophanFabrication of Ni(II)/PAN/MWCNT Nanocomposite Films Electrocatalytic Detection of CarbohydratesFabrication of Chitosan-Multi Walled Carbon Nanotube Nanocomposite Containing Ferri/Ferrocyanide: Applications for Simultaneous Detection of D-Penicillamine and L-TryptophanConclusion

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Book SynopsisThis comprehensive and useful handbook represents a definitive up-to-date compendium of key in vitro bioassay methods that are employed to quantify and validate the anticancer activity of a drug candidate before it makes its way in to animal or clinical trials.In Vitro Bioassay Techniques for Anticancer Drug Discovery and Development covers the screening and evaluation of potential drug candidates in a wide category of anticancer assays demonstrating the specific ways in which various pharmaceutical bioassays interpret the activity of drug molecules. The major emphasis of the book is to present those bioassays which can be readily set up and practiced in any laboratory with limited funds, facilities or technical know-how.Table of ContentsIntroduction to Anticancer Drug Development. Cancer. Chemotherapy. Need for Effective Anticancer Drugs. Stages of Anticancer Drug Development. References. In Vitro Biological Assays for Anticancer Chemotherapeutics. Introduction. Advantages of In Vitro Assays. Disadvantages of In Vitro Assays. Classification of In Vitro Assays. Essential Techniques of Cell Cultures. Primary Cell Cultures. Maintenance of Cell Lines. Subculture of Cells. References. Cell Viability and Cytotoxicity Assays. Introduction. Cell Membrane Integrity Assays. Dye Exclusion Assays. LDH Release Assays. Functional or Metabolic Assays. Tetrazolium Reduction Assays. Sulforhodamine B Assay. Acid Phosphatase Assay. Alamar Blue Oxidation-Reduction Assay. Neutral Red Assay. Protease Viability Marker Assay. Cell Adhesion Assay. References. Cell Proliferation Assays. Introduction. DNA Labeling Assays. [3H]-Thymidine Assay. BrdU Incorporation Assay. Metabolic Assays. Dye Assays. ATP Assays. Clonogenic Reproductive Assay.References. Apoptosis Assays. Introduction. Light Microscopy. Western Blot Caspase Activation Assay. Annexin V Ataining. DNA Ladder Assay. ELISA. TUNEL Assay. Comet Assay. Acridine Orange/Ethidium Bromide Staining. Mitochondrial Membrane Potential Assay. Chromatin Condensation Assay. APOPercentageTM Apoptotic Assay.PARP Cleavage Assay. Flow Cytometry. References. Cell Migratory Assays. Introduction.2D Cell Migration Assays. Wound Healing Assay. Cell Exclusion Zone Assay. Transwell Migration Assay. Fence Assay. Microfluidic Assays. Single Cell Motility Assay. 2D/3D Migration Assays. Microcarrier Bead Assay. Spheroid Migration Assay. References. In Vitro Cell Invasion Assays. Introduction. Transwell Invasion Assay. Platypus Invasion Assay. Gelatin Degradation Assay. 3D Cell Tracking Assay. Vertical Gel 3D Invasion Assay. Spheroid/Monodispersed Cell Invasion Assay. Spheroid Confrontation Assay.Spheroid Gel Invasion Assays. References. Anti-Angiogenesis Assays. Introduction. Endothelial Tube Formation Assay. Rat Aortic Ring Assay. References.High-Throughput Screening Assays.Introduction.Cell Cultures.High-Throughput Cytotoxicity and Apoptosis Screening in 2D Cultures.3D Cell-Based HTS Assays.References.Index.

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Book SynopsisThe primary objective of this book is to bridge this gap by presenting the concepts in composites in an integrated and balanced manner and expose the reader to the total gamut of activities involved in composite product development. It includes the complete know-how for development of a composite product including its design & analysis, manufacture and characterization, and testing.The book has fourteen chapters that are divided into two parts with part one describing mechanics, analytical methods in composites and basic finite element procedure, and the second part illustratesr materials, manufacturing methods, destructive and non-destructive tests and design.Trade Review"This book covers the mechanics, analysis, design, manufacturing and testing of composite materials and composite beams, columns and plates. The book is illustrated with solved examples and includes numerous exercise problems. A well-written book for engineers and students in the field of composite materials and structures."— Qing Quan Liang, Victoria University, Australia"Written by an expert in the field, this book provides a comprehensive and authoritative treatment of the subject, from basic mechanics, to manufacturing, testing, analysis and design of composites and composite structures.This book should appeal to both students interested in learning the behavior and applications of composites as well as professionals interested in expanding their knowledge on the subject."— Eric Lui, Syracuse University, USA"This book provides a detailed information about the entire spectrum of composites from Design to Analysis to Manufacturing and Testing. This is a very informative compilation which is a true reflection of author’s rich experience in design and development of composite structures. A book which is clear, easy to read and insightful that provides extensive and adequate coverage of product development cycle. The presentation style is eloquent, timely and prescriptive. The book is contemporary and best explained with significant illustrations and exercise problems. The reader is guided through the book by book road map, chapter road maps and a reading plan. This book offers a wide spectrum of information which will be of great value to students as well as professionals."— Tessy Thomas, Scientist, ASL, Hyderabad, India "This book covers the mechanics, analysis, design, manufacturing and testing of composite materials and composite beams, columns and plates. The book is illustrated with solved examples and includes numerous exercise problems. A well-written book for engineers and students in the field of composite materials and structures."— Qing Quan Liang, Victoria University, Australia"Written by an expert in the field, this book provides a comprehensive and authoritative treatment of the subject, from basic mechanics, to manufacturing, testing, analysis and design of composites and composite structures.This book should appeal to both students interested in learning the behavior and applications of composites as well as professionals interested in expanding their knowledge on the subject."— Eric Lui, Syracuse University, USA"This book provides a detailed information about the entire spectrum of composites from Design to Analysis to Manufacturing and Testing. This is a very informative compilation which is a true reflection of author’s rich experience in design and development of composite structures. A book which is clear, easy to read and insightful that provides extensive and adequate coverage of product development cycle. The presentation style is eloquent, timely and prescriptive. The book is contemporary and best explained with significant illustrations and exercise problems. The reader is guided through the book by book road map, chapter road maps and a reading plan. This book offers a wide spectrum of information which will be of great value to students as well as professionals."— Tessy Thomas, Scientist, ASL, Hyderabad, India "This is an excellent book for students of structural design of laminated composites at undergraduate and graduate level. It provides exhaustive treatment of micromechanics of lamina & laminates and covers analysis of laminated Beams, columns and plates, giving numerous exercise problems. This book covers materials, manufacturing, testing and NDT of fiber reinforced polymeric composites and touches upon the "Design versus Analysis" issues along with design examples. Overall, an ideal book for engineering students of composite materials with emphasis on structural analysis and design."—Pradeep Thakar, ASLTable of ContentsIntroduction to Composites. Basic Solid Mechanics. Micromechanics of a Lamina. Macromechancis of a Lamina. Macromechanics of a Laminate. Analysis of Laminated Beams, Columns and Rods. Analytical Solutions for Laminated Plates. Finite Element Method in Laminated Composites. Reinforcements and Matrices for Polymer Matrix Composites. Manufacturing Methods for Polymer Matrix Composites. Testing of Composites and their Constituents. Non-Destructive Testing of Polymer Matrix Composites. Metal Matrix, Ceramic Matrix, Carbon/Carbon Composites. Design of Composite Structures.

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Book SynopsisThe book focuses on Application of Nanotechnology in Membranes for Water Treatment but not only provides a series of innovative solutions for water reclamation through advanced membrane technology but also serves as a medium to promote international cooperation and networking for the development of advanced membrane technology for Universal well-being and to achieve the common goal of supplying economically, environmentally and societally sustainable freshwater and better sanitation systems. This book is unique because the chapters were authored by established researchers all around the globe based on their recent research findings. In addition, this book provides a holistic coverage of membrane development for water treatment, from the membrane preparation and characterizations to the performance for specific processes and applications. Since that water scarcity has become a global risk and one of the most serious challenges for the scientific community in this century, the publicaTable of ContentsChapter 1: IntroductionAlberto Figoli, Jan Hoinkis, Sacide Altinkaya, Jochen Bundschuh Section I: Membrane development and characterizationChapter 2: Fabrication and application areas of nanocomposite flat-sheet membranes Chapter 3: Polymerizable microemulsion membranes: from basic to applications Chapter 4: The use of layer-by-layer technique in the fabrication of thin film composite membranes for water treatmentChapter 5: Stimulus-responsive nano-structured bio-hybrid membranes reactors in water treatment Chapter 6: Study of carbon nanotubes’ embedment into porous polymeric membranes for waste-water treatment Chapter 7: Effects of the solvent ratio on carbon nanotube blended polymeric membranes Chapter 8: Photocatalytic activity and synthesis procedures of TiO2 nanoparticles for potential applications in membranesChapter 9: Application of nano-sized TiO2 in membrane technology Chapter 10: Nanosized metal oxides (NMOs) and polyoxometalates (POMs) for antibacterial water treatment Chapter 11: Atomic Force Microscopy investigations of filtration membranesSection II: Modeling and simulationChapter 12: Molecular simulations of water and ion transport through nanoporous membranesChapter 13: Carbon nanotubes used in polymer membranes for wastewater purification: an ab-initio theoretical study Section III: Membrane processesChapter 14: Recovery of bioactive compounds in citrus wastewater by membrane operationsChapter 15: Integration of membrane bioreactor (MBR) treatment with nanofiltration (NF) and reverse osmosis (RO) processes for wastewater reclamation and reuse

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Book SynopsisConsidered Mother Nature's medicine cabinet in many areas of the world, marine organisms have been known from time immemorial to possess curative powers. But until recently, their bioactive compounds, nutraceutical properties, and commercial potential remained undiscovered. Bringing together widely scattered literature, Marine Products for Healthcare: Functional and Bioactive Nutraceutical Compounds from the Ocean discusses the importance of marine products as a source of nutraceuticals, food additives, and other useful ingredients in health protection and product formulationThe book begins with a discussion of the general characteristics of functional foods and an overview of the functionality of marine fishery products. It includes detailed discussions on nutraceutical and other functional properties of their seafood components including proteins, bioactive peptides, polyunsaturated fatty acids, polysaccharides, chondroitin, carotenoids, minerals, anTable of ContentsFunctional Foods and Nutraceuticals: An Overview. Marine Resources: Availability and Quantity. Seafood: Global Consumption Pattern and Role in Nutrition. Nutritional and Functional Value of Marine Proteins. Lipids and Unsaturated Fatty Acids. Chitin and Chitosan. Carotenoids. Vitamins, Minerals, and Trace Elemtns. Seaweed: Sources as Food Hydrocolloids. Marine Bio-active Compounds. Aquaculture for Production of Nutraceuticals and Bio-active Compounds. Food Fortification with Marine Nutraceuticals. Edible Films from Marine Macromolecules. Processing Aspects of Marine Resources.

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Book SynopsisDiscover the Applicability, Benefits, and Potential of New Technologies As advances in algorithms and computer technology have bolstered the digital signal processing capabilities of real-time sonar, radar, and non-invasive medical diagnostics systems, cutting-edge military and defense research has established conceptual similarities in these areas. Now civilian enterprises can use government innovations to facilitate optimal functionality of complex real-time systems. Advanced Signal Processing details a cost-efficient generic processing structure that exploits these commonalities to benefit commercial applications. Learn from a Renowned Defense Scientist, Researcher, and InnovatorThe author preserves the mathematical focus and key information from the first edition that provided invaluable coverage of topics including adaptive systems, advanced beamformers, and volume visualization methods in medicine. Integrating the bTable of ContentsSignal Processing Concept Similarities among Sonar, Radar, and Non-Invasive Medical Diagnostics Systems. GENERIC TOPICS PROCESSING. Adapting Systems In Signal Processing. Advanced Beamformers. Advanced Applications of Volume Visualization Methods in Medicine. Non-Destructive Computed Tomography. Blind Deconvolution in Image Processing. A Review of Medical Image Registration and Fusion Techniques. SONAR AND RADAR SYSTEM APPLICATIONS. Sonar Systems. Advanced Sonar Signal Processing, Theory and Implementation. Phased Array Radars. NON-INVASIVE MEDICAL DIAGNOSTIC SYSTEMS APPLICATIONS. Correction of Motion Artifacts in x-ray CT Medical Imaging Applications. Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) Systems)Functional Imaging of Tissues by Kinetic Modeling of Contrast Agents in MRI. Technologies on Non-Invasive Monitoring of Vital Signs.

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Book SynopsisThis volume contains papers from the Technical Proceedings of the 2004, 2005 and 2006 NSTI (NanoScience & Technology Institute) Nanotechnology Conference and Trade Shows.

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Book SynopsisAlthough chemists, biochemists, biologists, and material scientists are often interested in using nonlinear optical techniques for characterizing their samples, they seldom have the necessary background to exploit these methods. Designed for nonspecialists, Second-Order Nonlinear Optical Characterization Techniques: An Introduction focuses on the potential of second-order nonlinear optics as a powerful characterization tool. Avoiding extensive mathematical details, this multidisciplinary book does not require a background in advanced mathematics or physics. After introducing linear optics from the perspective of polarizability and linear susceptibility, the authors cover incoherent second-harmonic generation. They then deal with the study of surfaces and interfaces, exploiting the intrinsic surface sensitivity of second-harmonic generation and sum-frequency generation. The final chapter discusses second-order imaging techniques, including confTable of ContentsGeneral Aspects of Second-Order Nonlinear Optics. Determination of Molecular Symmetry with Hyper-Rayleigh Scattering. Characterization of Interfaces, Surfaces, and Thin Films. Characterization of Surface Chirality by Second-Harmonic Generation and Sum-Frequency Generation. Second-Order Nonlinear Optical Imaging Techniques. Appendix. Index.

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Book SynopsisUnravels Complex Problems through Quantum Monte Carlo MethodsClusters hold the key to our understanding of intermolecular forces and how these affect the physical properties of bulk condensed matter. They can be found in a multitude of important applications, including novel fuel materials, atmospheric chemistry, semiconductors, nanotechnology, and computational biology. Focusing on the class of weakly bound substances known as van derWaals clusters or complexes, Stochastic Simulations of Clusters: Quantum Methods in Flat and Curved Spaces presents advanced quantum simulation techniques for condensed matter.The book develops finite temperature statistical simulation tools and real-time algorithms for the exact solution of the Schrödinger equation. It draws on potential energy models to gain insight into the behavior of minima and transition states. Using Monte Carlo methods as well as ground state variational andTable of ContentsFundamentals. Atomic Clusters. Methods in Curved Spaces. Applications to Molecular Systems. Bibliography. Index.

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Book SynopsisMacroporous polymers are rapidly becoming the material of choice for many tissue engineering, bioseparation, and bioprocessing applications. However, while important information is scattered about in many different publications, none, to date, have drawn this information together in user-friendly format, until now. Meeting the need for an accessible, organized resource, Macroporous Polymers: Production Properties and Biotechnological/Biomedical Applications supplies a systematic presentation of the production, characterization, and application of these polymers.The text discusses traditional methods of production, including phase separation polymerization, leaching, foaming, and double emulsion as well as emerging methods such as cryogelation. The chapters also detail the various applications of macroporous gels for the separation of biomolecules and for the cultivation of mammalian cells in bioreactors and for tissue engineering. The book underscores Table of ContentsMacroporous Gels: A Theoretical Overview. Production of Macroporous Polymeric Materials by Phase Separation Polymerization. Production and Properties of Poly(Vinyl Alcohol) Cryogels. Production and Properties of Cryogels by Radical Polymerization. Cryogels from Carbohydrate Polymers. Macroporous Agarose Produced from Double Emulsions. Porous Polylactides and Polyalkonoates. Production of Macroporous Polymers using Foaming. Production of Macroporous Polymers using Leaching. Fast Responsive Macroporous Gels. Characterization of Macroporous Gels: Structure, Chemistry, and Physical Properties. Monolithic Macroporous Polymers as Chromatographic Matrices. Chromatographic Separation of Plasmid DNA using Macroporous Agarose-based Matrices. Cryogels as Matrices for Cell Separation and Cell Cultivation. Macroporous Gels for Isolation of Small Molecules From Crude Mixtures (Solutions Containing Suspended Material). Fundamentals of Growing Mammalian Cells in 3D Cultures: The Effect of Matrix Porosity. Production of Pharmaceuticals by Cultivation of Cells on Macroporous Polymeric Scaffolds. Macroporous Polymeric Scaffolds for Tissue Engineering: Recent Developments. Macroporous Polymeric Filters and Bioreactors for Biomedical Applications.

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Book SynopsisThese proceedings from the 2008 NSTI Nanotech conference provide the most prestigious forum in the world for leading nano scientists. The papers from the conference have been compiled into three volumes to create the most authoritative and comprehensive compendium available across all of nanotechnology. Including the latest information on industrial development, investments, and ventures, each volume explores cutting-edge research and applications. Volume II covers various aspects of cancer treatment, biomarkers, nanoparticles, drug delivery systems, nanobiotechnology, nanomedicine, nanoneurology, sensors, and soft nanotechnology.Table of ContentsCancer Diagnostics, Imaging, & Treatment. Environment, Health, & Toxicology. Biomarkers, Nano Particles, & Materials. Drug & Gene Delivery Systems. Phage Nanobiotechnology. Nano Medicine & Neurology. Bio & Chem Sensors. Soft Nanotechnology & Polymers.

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Book SynopsisThese proceedings from the 2008 NSTI Nanotech conference provide the most prestigious forum in the world for leading nano scientists. The papers from the conference have been compiled into three volumes to create the most authoritative and comprehensive compendium available across all of nanotechnology. Including the latest information on industrial development, investments, and ventures, each volume explores cutting-edge research and applications. Volume III covers photonics, nanowires, lab-on-a-chip, nanofluidics, MEMS, and NEMS. This volume also explores the modeling and simulation of microsystems, computational nanoscience, and compact modeling.Table of ContentsPhotonics & Nanowires. Sensors & Systems. Lab-on-a-Chip, Micro, & Nano Fluidics. MEMS & NEMS. Modeling & Simulation of Microsystems. Computational Nanoscience. Compact Modeling.

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Book SynopsisKnown as the bible of biomedical engineering, The Biomedical Engineering Handbook, Fourth Edition, sets the standard against which all other references of this nature are measured. As such, it has served as a major resource for both skilled professionals and novices to biomedical engineering.Biomedical Engineering Fundamentals, the first volume of the handbook, presents material from respected scientists with diverse backgrounds in physiological systems, biomechanics, biomaterials, bioelectric phenomena, and neuroengineering. More than three dozen specific topics are examined, including cardiac biomechanics, the mechanics of blood vessels, cochlear mechanics, biodegradable biomaterials, soft tissue replacements, cellular biomechanics, neural engineering, electrical stimulation for paraplegia, and visual prostheses. The material is presented in a systematic manner and has been updated to reflect the latest applications and research findings.Table of ContentsPhysiologic Systems. Biomechanics. Biomaterials. Bioelectric Phenomena. Neuroengineering.

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Book SynopsisThis book focuses on various facets of stainless steel, including processing, component design, properties, fabrication, and applications. It covers a broad spectrum of topics spanning the entire life cycle of stainless steel, from alloy design and characterization to engineering design, fabrication, mechanical properties, corrosion, quality assurance of components, in-service performance assessment, and life prediction and failure analysis of materials and components. Exploring contemporary developments in stainless steels, the text discusses component design, modeling and structural integrity, manufacturing technology, property evaluation, alloy development and applications, nondestructive evaluation methods, and corrosion and surface modification.

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Book SynopsisDeveloped from the author's lectures and years of teaching experience, this book presents the principles behind the methods of solving problems on material behavior when subjected to different types of loads. It elucidates the subject in simple language, lucidly and clearly, to enable students to comprehend the principles involved. Each chapter deals with definitions, analysis of problems involved, derivations and applications. It contains more than 380 worked examples and exercises have also been added at the end of each chapter for practice. S.I units have been adopted throughout.Trade Review… [The authors] have drawn on their long experience as teachers to present a well-organized text for students of engineering and architecture. Each chapter offers definitions, analysis of problems, derivations, applications, worked problems (380 in all), and exercises. Coverage begins with simple, then compound, stresses and strains, and proceeds through bending moments and shearing forces, bending stresses in beams, deflection of beams, tursion, fixed and continuous beams, columns and struts, thin and thick cylinders, and theories of elastic failure. …—SciTech Book News, February 2011Table of ContentsSimple Stresses and Strains. Compound Stresses and Strains. Bending Moments and Shearing Forces. Bending Stresses in Beams. Deflection of Beams. Torsion. Fixed and Continuous Beams. Columns and Struts. Thin and Thick Cylinders. Theories of Elastic Failure. Appendix. Index.

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Book SynopsisFiber-reinforced polymer (FRP) decks have been increasingly used for new construction and rehabilitation projects worldwide. The benefits of using FRP bridge decks, such as durability, light weight, high strength, reduced maintenance costs, and rapid installation, outweigh their initial in-place material costs when implemented in highway bridge projects. FRP Deck and Steel Girder Bridge Systems: Analysis and Design compiles the necessary information to facilitate the development of the standards and guidelines needed to promote further adoption of composite sandwich panels in construction. It also, for the first time, proposes a complete set of design guidelines.Providing both experimental investigations and theoretical analyses, this book covers three complementary parts: FRP decks, shear connectors between the deck and steel girders, and the behavior of bridge systems. The text presents stiffness and strength evaluations for FRP deck panels and FRP deck-girder bridgTable of ContentsIntroduction. FRP Deck: Stiffness Evaluation. FRP Deck: Strength Evaluation. Mechanical Shear Connector for FRP Decks. FRP Deck–Steel Girder Bridge System. Design Guidelines for FRP Deck–Steel Girder Bridge Systems. A Systematic Analysis and Design Approach for Single-Span FRP Deck-Stringer Bridges.

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Book SynopsisNSTI''s nanotechnology conferences have built a tradition of being the most prestigious forum in the world for leading nano scientists, and Nanotech 2012 is no exception. Top nano scientists offer an up-to-date global perspective on the latest developments in nanotechnology. More than mere proceedings, these volumes cut across every scientific and engineering discipline to provide the most complete record of current accomplishments in Nanotech. Information from past conferences has been compiled into authoritative and comprehensive compendiums and made available (along with pricing information) here on our site. Contents of the proceedings for this year''s conference and expo are provided here as well. Nanotech proceedings also include Cleantech, Microtech, Bionanotech.Table of ContentsVOLUME 1:Nanotechnology 2012: Advanced Materials, CNTs, Particles, Films and Composites Nanoscale Materials Characterization Graphene Carbon Nano Structures & Devices Nanoparticle Synthesis & Applications Nanomaterials for Catalysis Composite Materials Polymer Nanotechnology Soft Nanotechnology & Colloids Nanostructured Coatings, Surfaces & Films Nanostructured Materials & Devices

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Book SynopsisPhysicalChemical Mechanics of Disperse Systems and Materials is a novel interdisciplinary area in the science of the disperse state of matter. It covers the broad spectrum of objects and systems with dimensions ranging from nanometers to millimeters and establishes a fundamental basis for controlling and tuning the properties of these systems as well as the processes taking place in them.Physicalchemical mechanics focuses on the analysis of the complex physicalchemical interfacial phenomena taking place both in the transition of a dispersed system into a material, such as in the course of pressing, sintering, hydration hardening, and sol-gel transitions, and in the course of the dispersion of bulk materials taking place in milling, mechanical treatment, friction and wear, and fracturing. These studies are based on thorough experimental investigation of contact interactions between particles in these processes.The book is divided into two sections. The firTable of ContentsCOAGULATION CONTACTS AND STRUCTURES. Surface Forces and Contact Interactions. Adsorption of Surfactants and Contact Interactions. Coagulation Structures. Contact Interactions and the Stability of Free-Disperse Systems. SURFACE PHENOMENA IN STRUCTURES THAT HAVE PHASE CONTACTS AND ARE IN CONTINUOUS SOLID BODIES. Deformation and Degradation of Solid Bodies and Materials: Description and Measurements. Structures with Phase Contacts. Interfacial Phenomena in Processes of Deformation and Failure of Solids.

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Book SynopsisA great deal of progress has been made in the development of materials, their application to structures, and their adaptation to a variety of systems and integrated across a wide range of industrial applications. This encyclopedia serves the rapidly expanding demand for information on technological developments. In addition to providing information for manufacturers and assemblers of materials, components, systems. and structures, it is for use by managers responsible for technology development, research projects, R&D programs, business development and strategic planning in the various industries that are considering using these technologies.Trade Review"... an excellent collection of well-defined and common materials science and engineering terms."—George Totten, G.E. Totten & Associates, LLC, Seattle, Washington, USA"... scrupulously researched, vetted, and organized. ... a convenient, easy-to-access, desktop, initial reference on classical, traditional, new, or emerging materials, parts, processes, or finishes."—Robert W. Messler, Jr., Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, New York, USA"... anyone who is in need of a glossary of the matters contained with the book will deem it a ‘must-have’ publication. ... people who need to know the precise meaning of an item covered in the text will find it an invaluable source of information. ... The name of the author is all I need to see to know with certainty that the content will be accurate, succinct, and relevant."—Philip Roberts, Delphi Brazing Consultants, Congleton, UK"... a compact but in-depth reference that will be useful to practitioners, researchers, and students in many engineering disciplines. Entries range from short paragraphs to several pages in length."—John B. Napp, University of Toledo, Ohio, USA"This encyclopedia and handbook explains information with high quality on materials, processes, systems, parts, finishes and coatings used in the automotive, aeronautic, computer, electronic, chemical and biomedical industries, etc. This handbook describes with accuracy and relevance great number of metallic, polymeric, ceramics, composites and other materials types, namely, nanomaterials."—International Journal of Materials Engineering Innovation, 2016Table of ContentsPreface A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z

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Book SynopsisIsotope Ratio Mass Spectrometry of Light Gas-Forming Elements explores different methods of isotope analysis, including spark, secondary ion, laser, glow discharge, and isotope ratio mass spectrometry. It explains how to evaluate the isotopic composition of light elements (H, C, N, O) in solid, liquid, and gaseous samples of organic and inorganic substances, as well as: Presents a universal, economical, simple, and rapid technique for sample preparation of organic substances to measure the isotopic composition of carbon Describes how to determine microbial mineralization of organic matter in soil and the effect of exogenous substrates on environmental sustainability Examines use of the isotopic composition of n-alkanes from continental vegetation to study the paleoclimate and plant physiology Proposes a systematic approach to identifying tobacco areas of origin and tobacco products based on data from the isotopic compositionTable of ContentsIsotope Ratio Mass Spectrometry: Devices, Methods, and Applications. Universal Method for Preparation of Liquid, Solid, and Gaseous Samples for Determining the Isotopic Composition of Carbon. Using Isotope Ratio Mass Spectrometry for Assessing the Metabolic Potential of Soil Microbiota. Study of the Isotopic Composition of Normal Alkanes of Continental Plants. Using Isotope Ratio Mass Spectroscopy for Analysis of Tobacco. Using Isotope Mass Ratio Spectrometry of Carbon in Doping Control. Isolation Methods in Isotope Geochemistry of Noble Gases. Using Laser Spectroscopy for Measuring the Ratios of Stable Isotopes.

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Book SynopsisFor more than a century, bioactive heterocycles have formed one of the largest areas of research in organic chemistry. They are important from a biological and industrial point of view as well as to the understanding of life processes and efforts to improve the quality of life. Heterogeneous Catalysis: A Versatile Tool for the Synthesis of Bioactive Heterocycles highlights the recent methodologies used in the synthesis of such bioactive systems and focuses on the role of heterogeneous catalysis in the design and synthesis of various biologically active heterocyclic compounds of pharmacological interest. Topics include: Synthetic protocols for the construction of heterocyclic systems employing silica-bound catalysts Recent advances in heterogeneous copper-catalyzed reactions for the synthesis of bioactive heterocycles Features of silica-based heterogeneous catalysts, such as abundance, ease of use, and stabilityTable of ContentsSynthesis of Bioactive Heterocyclic Systems Promoted by Silica-Supported Catalysts. Eco-Benign Synthesis of Indole Derivatives Employing Diverse Heterogeneous Catalysts. Solid Heterogeneous Catalysts Based on Sulfuric Acid and Transition-Metal Salts: Synthesis of Bioactive Heterocycles. Heterogeneous Copper-Catalyzed Synthesis of Bioactive Heterocycles. Silica Sulfuric Acid: A Simple and Powerful Heterogeneous Catalyst in Organic Synthesis. Application of Silica-Based Heterogeneous Catalysis for the Synthesis of Bioactive Heterocycles. Application of Organometallic Compounds as Heterogeneous Catalysts in Organic Synthesis. Ultrasound: An Efficient Tool for the Synthesis of Bioactive Heterocycles. Nano–Zinc Oxide: An Efficient Heterogeneous Catalyst for the Synthesis of Heterocyclic Compounds. Application of Heterogeneous Catalysts for the Synthesis of Bioactive Coumarins. Silver: A Versatile Heterogeneous Catalyst for Heterocyclic Synthesis. Mesoporous Materials from Novel Silica Source as Heterogeneous Catalyst.

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Book SynopsisTranslating Biomaterials for Bone Graft: Bench-top to Clinical Applications brings together the current translational research in bone tissue engineering, from design to application from materials, drugs and biologic delivery used for bone graft applications to pre-clinical and clinical considerations. The book also discusses the regulatory approval pathways, which involves consideration of the class of devices; whether they are similar to existing solutions, minimal manipulation of donor tissue or completely novel materials, drugs and biologics. These considerations drive the ability to successfully transition the latest generations of bone graft materials into the clinics. Chapters come from materials scientists, clinicians, researchers, and consultants and provide a holistic understanding of the field. As such, the book is a state-of-the-art reference to bone therapies and should appeal to clinicians, scientists, as well as students interested in the current research anTable of ContentsEditorial Foreword. Introduction. Bone Grafting Evolution. Materials. Ceramics. Polymers. Composites. Currently available grafts on the market. Growth Factors. BMP-2 and BMP-7. Other growth factors and delivery mechanisms. DBM and grafts. Cells and Biologics. Cell sources for orthopaedic defects. Cell sources for craniofacial defects. Animal Models for regeneration. Infection and antibiotics. Clinical Perspective. Orthopaedic Trauma. Spinal reconstruction. Dental and craniofacial reconstruction. Regulatory and ease-of-use

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Book SynopsisSince the first publication of this book in 2007, the field of nanoscience and nanomedicine continues to grow substantially. This second edition, Nanotoxicology: Progress toward Nanomedicine, enlists internationally recognized experts to document the continuing development and rationale for the safe design of engineered nanomaterials (ENM). This includes new improved characterization endpoints, screening, and detection methods for in vitro and in vivo toxicity testing. These tools also contribute greatly to nanosafety research applied to nanomedicines.Topics include The impacts of nanotechnology on biomedicine, including functionalization for tissue-specific targeting, the biointeractions of multifunctional nanoparticle-based therapy, and the ability to control specific physicochemical properties of nanoparticles The requirements for proper detection, measurement, and assessment both for workplace exposure and in consumer proTable of ContentsImpacts of Nanotechnology on Biomedicine. Introduction to Biomedical Nanotechnology. Impact of Bionanointeractions of Engineered Nanoparticles for Nanomedicine. Rational Approach for the Safe Design of Nanomaterials. Characterization of Manufactured Nanomaterials, Dispersion, and Exposure for Toxicological Testing. Exposure. Workplace Inhalation Exposure to Engineered Nanomaterials: Detection, Measurement, and Assessment. Nanotechnology in Consumer Products: Addressing Potential Health and Safety Implications for Consumers. Modeling. Quantitative Nanostructure–Activity Relationships: From Unstructured Data to Predictive Models for Designing Nanomaterials with Controlled Properties. Pharmacokinetics and Biodistribution of Nanomaterials. Methodologies and Techniques. Advanced Methodologies and Techniques for Assessing Nanomaterial Toxicity: From Manufacturing to Nanomedicine Screening. Detection Methods for the In Vivo Biodistribution of Iron Oxide and Silica Nanoparticles: Effects of Size, Surface Chemistry, and Shape. Quantitative Single-Cell Approaches to Assessing Nanotoxicity in Nanomedicine Systems. Imaging Techniques for Nanoparticles in Skin. Hazards. Safety Implications of Nanomaterial Exposure to Skin. Interspecies Comparisons of Pulmonary Responses to Fine and/or Nanoscale Particulates: Relevance for Humans of Particle-Overload Responses in the Rat Model. Current In Vitro Models for Nanomaterial Testing in Pulmonary Systems. Nanoparticles and the Immune System. Carbon Nanotubes and Cardiovascular Disease. Single- and Multiwalled Carbon Nanotubes Toxicity and Potential Applications in Neuroregeneration. Current In Vitro Models for Nanomaterial Testing: The Reproductive System. Current In Vitro Models for Nanomaterial Testing: Genotoxicity Issues. Cell-Based Targeting of Anticancer Nanomaterials to Tumors. Silver Nanoparticles in Biomedical Applications. Cytotoxicity of Conjugated and Unconjugated Semiconductor and Metal Nanoparticles. Risk Assessment. Issues Related to Risk Assessment of Nanomaterials.Risk Assessment of Engineered Nanomaterials: State of the Art and Roadmap for Future Research. Index.

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Book SynopsisFocusing on fundamental principles, Hydro-Environmental Analysis: Freshwater Environments presents in-depth information about freshwater environments and how they are influenced by regulation. It provides a holistic approach, exploring the factors that impact water quality and quantity, and the regulations, policy and management methods that are necessary to maintain this vital resource. It offers a historical viewpoint as well as an overview and foundation of the physical, chemical, and biological characteristics affecting the management of freshwater environments. The book concentrates on broad and general concepts, providing an interdisciplinary foundation. The author covers the methods of measurement and classification; chemical, physical, and biological characteristics; indicators of ecological health; and management and restoration. He also considers common indicators of environmental health; characteristics and operations of regulatory control structurTable of ContentsRivers and Streams. Introduction. Rivers and Streams, Characteristics. Regulated Rivers. Flows and Transport in Rivers: Measurement and Analysis. Selected Water Quality Processes in Rivers and Streams. Biota of Rivers and Streams, an Introduction. Measures of the Health of Rivers and Streams. Introduction to Stream Restoration. Lakes and Reservoirs. Introduction to Lakes and Reservoirs: Geomorphology and Classification. Those Dammed Lakes. Lakes and Reservoirs, Zones and Shapes. Lakes and Reservoirs, Light and Heat. Lakes and Reservoirs: Transport and Mixing Processes. Lakes and Reservoirs: Chemical and Water Quality Kinetic Characteristics and Processes. Biota of Lakes and Reservoirs. Lakes and Reservoirs: Lake Production, Succession and Eutrophication. Lakes and Reservoirs, Restoration and Management. Dam Tailwaters. Freshwater Wetlands, an Introduction.

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Book SynopsisCRC Materials Science and Engineering Handbook provides a convenient, single-volume source for physical and chemical property data on a wide range of engineering materials. As with the first three editions, this Fourth Edition contains information verified by major professional associations such as ASM International and the American Ceramic Society (ACerS). Patterned after the iconic CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics, this edition also: Offers a more streamlined presentation organized by categories of traditional and advanced materials Converts chemical and physical property data from US customary units to SI units, improving the handbook's usefulness on a global scale Expands coverage to include the latest material property data on low-dimensional carbons, two-dimensional (2D) nanomaterials, MAX phases, and amorphous metals Featuring extensive references to contemporary research literature, CRC Materials STrade Review"The broad scope—spanning metals, ceramics and glasses, polymers and composites, and the wide range of properties from the electronic and crystallographic to the ‘dirty’ engineering properties such as impact energy and corrosion resistance—is a unique strength. The past history of this volume and its connection with, and verification of, the ASM and the ACerS build great confidence. … I attach great significance to access to material property data that can be trusted. … [This] handbook has in the past been a unique and highly valued resource for materials scientists and engineers. This new edition, with its helpfully reorganized data structure and its new sections on emerging materials, is timely and welcome."—Michael F. Ashby, University of Cambridge, UK"This book has wide range of useful data for materials, especially for structural materials. The authors have collected data on the basis of knowledge of chemistry. Chemistry is very important to understand materials. The authors also have collected data of materials recently developed. … These data are helpful not only for students but also for people who want to start research in these areas."—Kazuyuki Kakegawa, Professor Emeritus, Chiba University, Japan"This book would be a useful addition to every well-stocked library. The overall quality of each chapter is enhanced by the excellent compilation of the data in well-laid-out tables. In conclusion, the resultant book is a joy to browse through and a "Bible" of useful technical information." —Materials and Manufactoring Processes, November 2015Table of ContentsMetals. Ceramics. Glasses. Polymers. Composites. Semiconductors. Low-Dimensional Carbons and Two-Dimensional Nanomaterials. MAX Phases. Amorphous Metals.

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Book SynopsisBasics of Molecular Recognition explores fundamental recognition principles between monomers or macromolecules that lead to diverse biological functions. Based on the author's longtime courses, the book helps readers understand the structural aspects of macromolecular recognition and stimulates further research on whether molecules similar to DNA or protein can be synthesized chemically.The book begins with the types of bonds that participate in the recognition and the functional groups that are capable of forming these bonds. It then explains how smaller molecules select their partners in the overall recognition scheme, offering examples of specific recognition patterns involving molecules other than nucleic acids. The core of the book focuses on macromolecular recognitionthe central dogma of molecular biology. The author discusses various methods for studying molecular recognition. He also describes how molecules without biological functions can be aTable of ContentsFeatures of Interacting Monomers with Different Functionalities: What Drives the Binding? Molecular Recognition among Various Monomers. Macromolecular Recognition. Methods to Follow Molecular Recognition. Macromolecular Assembly and Recognition with Chemical Entities. Suggested Readings. Index.

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Book SynopsisAdvanced Separations by Specialized Sorbents opens a new window into sorbent materials, presenting fundamental principles for their syntheses and adsorption properties. The book presents advanced techniques used to create specialized sorbents with a wide range of functions that can be used to enhance the separation and/or purification of useful bioactive compounds, heavy metals, dyes, and other substances. It discusses the most recent developments in the field of separation processes, covering specialized sorbents such as monolith cryogels, composite hydrogels, metal-impregnated ion exchangers, and molecularly imprinted polymers. The book provides a comprehensive discussion of the selectivity in separation processes by composite materials based on synthetic polymers/biopolymers and inorganic particles. It is a comprehensive resource for academic and research scientists as well as students interested in the preparation, characterization, and applicationTable of ContentsComposite Hydrogel Materials. Cryogels for Affinity Chromatography. Particulate/Cell Separations Using Macroporous Monolithic Matrices. Polysaccharide-Based Composite Hydrogels for Removal of Pollutants from Water. Iron Oxide Magnetic Composite Adsorbents for Heavy Metal Pollutant Removal. Biopolymers-Zeolites Composites as Biosorbents for Separation Processes. Metal-Impregnated Ion Exchanger for Selective Removal and Recovery of Trace Phosphate. Molecularly Imprinted Polymers for Water Polishing. Biopolymer-Based Sorbents for Metal Sorption. Mixed-Mode Sorbents in Solid-Phase Extraction. Interpenetrating Polymer Network Composite Hydrogels and Their Applications in Separation Processes. Toward Adaptive Self-Informed Membranes.

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Book SynopsisMetamaterials: Beyond Crystals, Noncrystals, and Quasicrystals is a comprehensive and updated research monograph that focuses on recent advances in metamaterials based on the effective medium theory in microwave frequencies. Most of these procedures were conducted in the State Key Laboratory of Millimeter Waves, Southeast University, China.The book conveys the essential concept of metamaterials from the microcosmic structure to the macroscopic electromagnetic properties and helps readers quickly obtain needed skills in creating new devices at microwave frequencies using metamaterials. The authors present the latest progress on metamaterials and transformation optics and provide abundant examples of metamaterial-based devices accompanied with detailed procedures to simulate, fabricate, and measure them.Comprised of ten chapters, the book comprehensively covers both the fundamentals and the applications of metamaterials. Along with an introTable of ContentsIntroduction. Effective Medium Theory. Artificial Particles. Homogeneous Metamaterials: Super Crystals. Random Metamaterials: Super Noncrystals. Inhomogeneous Metamaterials: Super Quasicrystals. Gradient-Index Inhomogeneous Metamaterials. Nearly Isotropic Inhomogeneous Metamaterials. Anisotropic Inhomogeneous Metamaterials. Conclusions and Remarks.

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Book SynopsisElectrochemical Energy: Advanced Materials and Technologies covers the development of advanced materials and technologies for electrochemical energy conversion and storage. The book was created by participants of the International Conference on Electrochemical Materials and Technologies for Clean Sustainable Energy (ICES-2013) held in Guangzhou, China, and incorporates select papers presented at the conference.More than 300 attendees from across the globe participated in ICES-2013 and gave presentations in six major themes: Fuel cells and hydrogen energy Lithium batteries and advanced secondary batteries Green energy for a clean environment Photo-Electrocatalysis Supercapacitors Electrochemical clean energy applications and markets Comprised of eight sections, this book includes 25 chapters featuring highlights from the conference and covering every facet of synthesis, charTrade Review"It covers a wide range of topics in the area of electrochemical energy storage and conversion ... It can be used as a reference for courses on energy storage and conversion. It can also be used as a reference for researchers in the field of electrochemical energy storage and conversion."—Meilin Liu, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, USA"This book is put together by an excellent team of editors who are leading scientists in the field of electrochemical energy storage and conversion, covering a wide spectrum from designing advanced materials to developing cutting-edge technologies in the field."—Chuan-Jian Zhong, State University of New York, USA"This book is perhaps the most comprehensive collection of expert explanations and in-depth reviews of various electrochemical energy technologies and the associated materials… Having researched in the area of materials electrochemistry for over 30 years in both the UK and China, I have not yet seen a book as comprehensive and in-depth as this one in coverage… I therefore strongly recommend this book…"—George Z. Chen, Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, University of Nottingham, UK"… an excellent review… good coverage … I appreciate the hard work from the authors…"—Chinbay Q. Fan, R&D Director, Technology Extensions, Gas Technology Institute, USA"This single book is designed for most of [the] electrochemical energy conversion and storage technologies, not only for students, but also for those who are engaged in all energy technologies. This is [a] one-stop source for most of all, electrochemical energy technologies."—Hasuck Kim, Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology (DGIST), Korea"It covers a wide range of topics in the area of electrochemical energy storage and conversion ... It can be used as a reference for courses on energy storage and conversion. It can also be used as a reference for researchers in the field of electrochemical energy storage and conversion."—Meilin Liu, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, USA"This book is put together by an excellent team of editors who are leading scientists in the field of electrochemical energy storage and conversion, covering a wide spectrum from designing advanced materials to developing cutting-edge technologies in the field."—Chuan-Jian Zhong, State University of New York, USA"This book is perhaps the most comprehensive collection of expert explanations and in-depth reviews of various electrochemical energy technologies and the associated materials… Having researched in the area of materials electrochemistry for over 30 years in both the UK and China, I have not yet seen a book as comprehensive and in-depth as this one in coverage… I therefore strongly recommend this book…"—George Z. Chen, Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, University of Nottingham, UK"… an excellent review… good coverage … I appreciate the hard work from the authors…"—Chinbay Q. Fan, R&D Director, Technology Extensions, Gas Technology Institute, USA"This single book is designed for most of [the] electrochemical energy conversion and storage technologies, not only for students, but also for those who are engaged in all energy technologies. This is [a] one-stop source for most of all, electrochemical energy technologies."—Hasuck Kim, Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology (DGIST), KoreaTable of ContentsOverview of Electrochemical Energy Storage and Conversion. Advanced Materials and Technologies for Li-Ion Rechargeable Batteries. Advanced Materials and Technologies for Metal-Air Rechargeable Batteries. Advanced Materials and Technologies for Lead-Acid Rechargeable Batteries. Advanced Materials and Technologies for Fuel Cells. Advanced Materials and Technologies for Supercapacitors. Advanced Materials and Technologies for Liquid Redox Rechargeable Batteries. Advanced Materials and Technologies for Water Electrolysis Producing Hydrogen.

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Book SynopsisCleavage of water to its constituents (i.e., hydrogen and oxygen) for production of hydrogen energy at an industrial scale is one of the holy grails of materials science. That can be done by utilizing the renewable energy resource i.e. sunlight and photocatalytic material. The sunlight and water are abundant and free of cost available at this planet. But the development of a stable, efficient and cost-effective photocatalytic material to split water is still a great challenge. To develop the effective materials for photocatalytic water splitting, various type of materials with different sizes and structures from nano to giant have been explored that includes metal oxides, metal chalcogenides, carbides, nitrides, phosphides, and so on. Fundamental concepts and state of art materials for the water splitting are also discussed to understand the phenomenon/mechanism behind the photoelectrochemical water splitting. This book gives a comprehensive overview and description of the manufactuTrade Review"...presents an exhaustive literature related to hydrogen generation from splitting of water by various methods. It will be welcomed by researchers as it fulfills the demand of the day."— Suresh C. Ameta, Paher University, Udaipur, India"...interesting not only to experts but also to beginners and students in the field of photoelectrochemical water splitting. The content covered will attract the broad readership in solar fuels from academia, and government to industry." — Nick Wu, West Virginia University, USA"Any courses related to Renewable Energy (as well as functional materials and solid state physics applications) could use this book. Prof. Ru-Shi Liu is a well-known scientist and highly cited in this field, so the materials presented are indeed trustworthy and of high quality."— Lionel Vayssieres, Xian Jiaotong University, ChinaTable of ContentsIntroduction to hydrogen as a green fuel. Concepts and definitions in photochemical water splitting. Water splitting technologies for hydrogen generation. Electrochemical water splitting. Oxide semiconductors (ZnO, TiO2, Fe2O3, WO3, etc) as photocatalysts for water splitting. Non oxide semiconductor materials for water splitting. Nanostructured semiconducting materials for water splitting. Giant sized materials for water splitting (supramolecular, dendrimers composite, etc). Fundamental understanding of the photocatalytic mechanisms. Photochemical cell designs, fabrication, performance, degradation, and diagnosis for efficient solar hydrogen production.

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Book SynopsisWritten by one of the world''s leading experts in the field of nuclear medicine dosimetry, this text describes in detail the use of internal dose calculations in the practice of nuclear medicine. While radiation therapy with external sources of radiation always employs calculations of dose to optimize therapy for each patient, this is not routinely conducted in nuclear medicine therapy. As the trend towards an increasing role of dosimetry in therapy planning increases, this book reviews the available methods and technologies available to make this a more common practice. The book begins by covering the mathematical fundamentals of internal dose calculations, and uses sample calculations to demonstrate key principles. The book then moves forward to describe anthropomorphic models, dosimetric models, and types and uses of diagnostic and therapeutic radiopharmaceuticals. The depth of coverage makes it useful reference and guide for researchers performing dose calculations and foTable of ContentsBasic principles of dosimetry calculations. Current anthropomorphic models for dosimetry. Use of animal models in internal dose calculations. Special dosimetry models. Dose calculations for diagnostic pharmaceuticals. Dose calculations for therapeutic pharmaceuticals. Current pharmaceuticals used for therapy. The need for patient-individualized dosimetry in therapy. Normal tissues. Tumors. Future needs and prospects.

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Book SynopsisConnecting past, present, and future instrument development and use, Biocalorimetry: Foundations and Contemporary Approaches explores biocalorimetry's history, fundamentals, methodologies, and applications. Some of the most prominent calorimeter developers and users share invaluable personal accounts of discovery, discussing innovative techniques as well as special and original applications. Wide in scope, the book also covers calorimetry use on membranes, nucleic acids, and proteins and addresses both thermodynamics and kinetics. The book begins with a look at the historical development of calorimeters needed for biological research. It then describes advanced approaches that use high-quality commercial calorimeters to study biochemical and other biological processes. It also shows how novel experimental designs and data analysis procedures are applied to proteins, DNA, membranes, and living matter. Trade Review"This is a highly specialized collection of articles mainly by European chemists, biochemists, and biologists. The article topics surround the history, theory, and application of calorimetry in biology. The measurement of heat absorbed and exuded by matter, due to changes in surrounding temperature, forms the science of relevance to characterize the materials; this can be related to their structures and properties. Historically, calories have been defined as units of heat energy. The focus of several chapters includes the problem of measuring the very small amounts of heat specific to biological matter, which requires very sensitive and sophisticated instruments. In four sections, the articles cover the history and methods of calorimetry, the use of differential scanning and isometric titration calorimetry to characterize specific membranes, the calorimetry of nucleic acids and proteins, and applications of calorimetry to other areas, such as clinical samples, enzymes, and pharmaceuticals. Every article is replete with references, graphs, and mathematical analysis. The index is useful.Summing Up: Recommended. Graduate students, researchers, professionals."—N. Sadanand, Central Connecticut State University, in the January 2017 issue of CHOICE"Whether the reader is new to the area or already an experienced scientist, this book will serve as the ultimate reference in the field of biocalorimetry. The very pioneers that gave us the instrumentation and techniques cover the history and background of biocalorimetry. The ongoing research is described by current experts in different fields of biocalorimetry. Everything is there."—Arne Schön, Research Scientist, Department of Biology, Johns Hopkins University"This book is a much-needed update on the field of biothermodynamics and biocalorimetry. It starts with historical and sometimes personal views from some of the pioneers of this field, followed by reviews on the state of the art of calorimetry application to the study of biomembranes, nucleic acids, and proteins, as well as biomedical applications. I think all newcomers should take the time to read the book from its beginning to grasp how the field started and until the end to have an idea on where it is expanding to."—Watson Loh, Professor of Physical Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, University of Campinas"This is a highly specialized collection of articles mainly by European chemists, biochemists, and biologists. The article topics surround the history, theory, and application of calorimetry in biology. The measurement of heat absorbed and exuded by matter, due to changes in surrounding temperature, forms the science of relevance to characterize the materials; this can be related to their structures and properties. Historically, calories have been defined as units of heat energy. The focus of several chapters includes the problem of measuring the very small amounts of heat specific to biological matter, which requires very sensitive and sophisticated instruments. In four sections, the articles cover the history and methods of calorimetry, the use of differential scanning and isometric titration calorimetry to characterize specific membranes, the calorimetry of nucleic acids and proteins, and applications of calorimetry to other areas, such as clinical samples, enzymes, and pharmaceuticals. Every article is replete with references, graphs, and mathematical analysis. The index is useful.Summing Up: Recommended. Graduate students, researchers, professionals."—N. Sadanand, Central Connecticut State University, in the January 2017 issue of CHOICE"Whether the reader is new to the area or already an experienced scientist, this book will serve as the ultimate reference in the field of biocalorimetry. The very pioneers that gave us the instrumentation and techniques cover the history and background of biocalorimetry. The ongoing research is described by current experts in different fields of biocalorimetry. Everything is there."—Arne Schön, Research Scientist, Department of Biology, Johns Hopkins University"This book is a much-needed update on the field of biothermodynamics and biocalorimetry. It starts with historical and sometimes personal views from some of the pioneers of this field, followed by reviews on the state of the art of calorimetry application to the study of biomembranes, nucleic acids, and proteins, as well as biomedical applications. I think all newcomers should take the time to read the book from its beginning to grasp how the field started and until the end to have an idea on where it is expanding to."—Watson Loh, Professor of Physical Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, University of CampinasTable of ContentsIntroduction: Historical and Methodological Context. Membrane Characterization and Partition to Membranes. Nucleic Acids and Proteins: Stability and Their Interactions with Ligands. Calorimetry as a Tool in Applied Fields.

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Book SynopsisHigh brightness metal vapor lasers have become the most bright and powerful in the visible spectral range among all existing laser types, resulting in numerous applications ranging from purely fundamental research to practical application in large-scale commercial problems such as isotope selection. This book presents a full series of fundamental problems on the development of physical fundamentals and mathematical models for practical realization of a high-power laser radiation on self-contained transitions in metal atoms. It is the first fundamental review on physics and the technique of high-brightness metal vapor lasers.Table of ContentsIntroduction. The devices and methods of creating metal vapors. Excitation schemes and its effect on the characteristics of the generation of self-heating copper vapor lasers. Excitation blocks of lasers on self-terminating transitions of metal atoms. Repetitively pulsed lasers on self-terminating transitions of metal atoms. The results of analytical studies on laser self-terminating transitions of metal atoms. Numerical studies of pulsed metal vapor lasers. Numerical simulation of pulsed-periodic MVL considering the inhomogeneous distribution of the plasma parameters (heterogeneity level) cross section GDT. Modeling of copper vapor lasers. Lasers with a modified kinetics (kinetically enhanced lasers).

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Book SynopsisThere has been enormous growth in the use of medical implants. However, in the case of hip replacement, loosening of metallic prosthesis fixed with polymethylmethylacrylate bone cement has resulted in painstaking revision surgery, which is a major problem for the patient, surgeon, and biomedical technology itself. In fact, global recognition of this problem led to the development of cementless fixation through the novel introduction of a bioactive hydroxyapatite (HAp) coating on biomedical-grade metallic implants. Since then, a wide variety of coating methods have evolved to make the HAp coatings on metallic implants more reliable. Microplasma Sprayed Hydroxyapatite Coatings discusses plasma spraying and other related HAp coating techniques, focusing on the pros and cons of macroplasma sprayed (MAPS)- and microplasma sprayed (MIPS)-HAp coatings. The book begins by explaining what a biomaterial really is, what the frequently used term biocompatibility stands for, and whTrade Review"This unique book on development of microplasma sprayed HAp coating has been organized in a very compact yet comprehensive manner. This book also highlights the horizons of future research that invites the attention of global community, particularly those in bio-medical materials and bio-medical engineering field. This book will surely act as a very useful reference material for both graduate/post-graduate students and researchers in the field of biomedical, orthopedic and manufacturing engineering and research. I truly believ that this is the first ever effort which covers almost all the broad subject area of "HAp coatings developed by microplasma spraying including those of the more commercially accepted plasma spraying method" for developing HAp coated implants and prosthesis."—Bikramjit Basu, Professor, Materials Research Center, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, Associate Faculty, Interdisciplinary Bio-Engineering Program, IISc, Bangalore, Adjunct Professor, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, India"The organization of topics is done very methodically covering all the related and even peripheral issues. The subject is covered well with thorough details and critical views. The book would be a good reference point for researchers working on HA based coatings for orthopedic application."—Debrupa Lahiri, IIT Roorkee, India"The lucid presentation style makes it easy for the new entrant to be gradually initiated into the field without any shock or jerk. What is most striking and appealing about the book is that even after starting from basic simple premises it has very capably provided vast and in-depth discussion to an extent that would be very lucrative for advanced researchers from both Govt. and private research organizations in the emerging field of biomedical applications of ceramic coatings."—Dr. Satyam Priyadarshy, Founder, Reignite strategyTable of ContentsIntroduction. Plasma Spraying and Other Related Coating Techniques. Hydroxyapatite Coating and Its Application. Structural and Chemical Properties of Hydroxyapatite Coating. In Vitro Studies of Hydroxyapatite Coatings. Macromechanical Properties of Hydroxyapatite Coating. Micro/Nanomechanical Properties of Hydroxyapatite Coating. Tribological Properties of Hydroxyapatite Coatings. Residual Stress of Hydroxyapatite Coating. In Vivo Studies of Microplasma Sprayed Hydroxyapatite Coating. Future Scope and Possibilities. Conclusions.

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Book SynopsisProcesses of Formation of Micro- and Nanodispersed Systems is a comprehensive analysis and presentation of the physical processes and phenomena that lead to the formation of disperse materials. It also details the properties of disperse materials yielded from various processes.Special attention is given to the homogeneous condensation of metal vapours from expanding metal vapours in a vacuum, as well as heterogeneous condensation of metal vapours on solid substrates in the presence of impurities during the formation of disperse condensates. The book also examines flow in thin films, the decay of thin films, and phenomena accompanying the coalescence of disperse particles.Using currently available data, this book compares different methods of producing disperse materials in terms of scale. It also describes several applications of the experimental results it presents, including:Production of composites of nanodisperse metals in an organic maTable of ContentsIntroduction. Methodological Evaluation of the Prospects for the Development of Physical Dispersion Methods. Formulation of Experimental Studies of Homogeneous and Heterogeneous Vacuum Condensation of Metal Vapours. The Formation of Disperse Systems on a Solid Substrate in Heterogeneous Condensation. The Formation of Disperse Systems by Homogeneous Condensation with Vapour Jet Expansion. ‘Genetics’ and the Evolution of the Structure of Vacuum Condensates. The Formation of Columnar Structures in Co-Condensation of Two Components as a Way of Producing Nanosized Composites. Nanodisperse Zinc-Butanol Composite. Numerical Simulation of Molecular Processes on the Substrate. Methods for Direct Conversion of Kinetic Energy to Surface Energy of the Disperse System. Production of Metallic Powders of the Required Composition by Melting a Rotating Rod. Some Aspects of Coalescence Processes in Aerosol Systems. Capture of Microparticles from Gas Flows by Condensation Processes. Conclusion.

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Book SynopsisA significant portion of biomedical applications necessitates the establishment of an interface between the cells of the patient and the components of the device. In many cases, such as in implants and engineered tissues, the interaction of the cells with the biomaterial is one of the main determinants of the success of the system. Cell and Material Interface: Advances in Tissue Engineering, Biosensor, Implant, and Imaging Technologies explores this interaction and its control at length scales ranging from the nano to the macro.Featuring contributions from leading molecular biologists, chemists, and material scientists, this authoritative reference: Presents practical examples of cell and material interface-based applications Reflects the interdisciplinary nature of bioengineering, covering topics such as biosensing, immunology, and controlled delivery Explains the role of the cell and material interface in the context of cardiacTrade Review"The book is written in a clear manner by scientists working in the field. The pages are beautifully illustrated and each chapter concludes with plenty of references. I would recommend this book to anyone working in nanotechnology, advanced optics issues, and especially to people working in life sciences." —Optics & PhotonicsNews, March 2016 "The book is written in a clear manner by scientists working in the field. The pages are beautifully illustrated and each chapter concludes with plenty of references. I would recommend this book to anyone working in nanotechnology, advanced optics issues, and especially to people working in life sciences." —Optics & Photonics News, March 2016 Table of ContentsEditorial: Introduction to Cell/Material Interface. Scaffold Processing Technologies for Tailored Cell Interactions. Nanomaterial Cell Interactions in Tissue Engineering. Engineering Cell Surface Interface in Tissue Engineering and Cell-Based Biosensors. Protein Micropatterning Techniques for Tissue Engineering and Stem Cell Research. Cell–Scaffold Interfaces in Skin Tissue Engineering. Cell and Materials Interface in Cryobiology and Cryoprotection. Micropatterning Techniques to Control Cell–Biomaterial Interface for Cardiac Tissue Engineering. Polysaccharide-Based Biomaterials for Cell–Material Interface. Macrophage-Mediated Foreign Body Responses.

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Book SynopsisPhosphorus is an essential plant nutrient, but global population growth has dramatically reduced the availability of phosphorus fertilizer resources. Despite this scarcity, there remain numerous problems associated with the excessive and inappropriate use of phosphorus leading to non-point source pollution and eutrophication of natural waters. Identifying appropriate systems for managing soil phosphorus and reducing the risks of eutrophication are needed to minimize the environmental risks. This book focuses on the availability and recycling of phosphorus; regulatory and policy issues of sustainable phosphorus use; and water quality management in agroecosystems pertaining to phosphorus. Sections are dedicated to global phosphorus reserves; cycling and pathways of phosphorus; phosphorus in agriculture; human dimensions and policy intervention; and research and development priorities.Phosphorus is a finite but crucial resource and is an essential element to all life. Sub-opTable of ContentsThe Global Phosphorus Cycle. Positive and Negative Effects of Phosphorus Fertilizer on U.S. Agriculture and the Environment. Coupled Cycling of Carbon, Nitrogen, and Phosphorus. Phosphorus in Soil and Plant Relation to Human Nutrition and Health. Phosphorus Management. Phosphorus Effluxes from Lake Sediments. Economic and Policy Issues of Phosphorus Management in Agroecosystems. Phosphorus Fertilization and Management in Soils of Sub-Saharan Africa. Phosphorus and the Environment. Enhancing Efficiency of Phosphorus Fertilizers through Formula Modifications. Soil Phosphorus Cycling in Tropical Soils: An Ultisol and Oxisol Perspective. The Use of Phosphorus Radioisotopes to Investigate Soil Phosphorus Dynamics and Cycling in Soil-Plant Systems. Pathways and Fate of Phosphorus in Agroecosystems.

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Book SynopsisMetalair and metalsulfur batteries (MABs/MSBs) represent one of the most efficient-energy storage technologies, with high round trip efficiency, a long life cycle, fast response at peak demand/supply of electricity, and decreased weight due to the use of atmospheric oxygen as one of the main reactants. This book presents an overview of the main MABs/MSBs from fundamentals to applications. Recent technological trends in their development are reviewed. It also offers a detailed analysis of these batteries at the material, component, and system levels, allowing the reader to evaluate the different approaches of their integration. The book provides a systematic overview of the components, design, and integration, and discusses current technologies, achievements, and challenges, as well as future directions. Each chapter focuses on a particular battery type including zincair batteries, lithiumair batteries, aluminumair batteries, magnesiumair batteries, lithiumsulfur batteries, and vanadTrade Review"…the publication of this book is timely. The self-contained and yet concise chapters provide readers with comprehensive information for each category of main MABs/MSBs, from history and fundamentals to up-to-date technical developments and applications. Reading the chapters in this book will be a most efficient way to bring readers to the frontier of this intriguing field. "—Juntao Lu, Wuhan University, Hubei, China"…the publication of this book is timely. The self-contained and yet concise chapters provide readers with comprehensive information for each category of main MABs/MSBs, from history and fundamentals to up-to-date technical developments and applications. Reading the chapters in this book will be a most efficient way to bring readers to the frontier of this intriguing field. "—Juntao Lu, Wuhan University, Hubei, ChinaTable of ContentsZinc–Air Batteries: Fundamentals and Applications. Lithium–Air Batteries: Fundamentals and Applications. Aluminum–Air Batteries: Fundamentals and Applications. Magnesium–Air Battery. Metal–Sulfur Batteries: Fundamentals and Applications—A Perspective. Vanadium–Air Redox Flow Batteries: Fundamentals and Applications.

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Book SynopsisThis book is dedicated to the field of conductive polymers, focusing on electrical interactions with biological systems. It addresses the use of conductive polymers as the conducting interface for electrical communications with the biological system, both in vitro and in vivo. It provides an overview on the chemistry and physics of conductive polymers, their useful characteristics as well as limitations, and technologies that apply conductive polymers for medical purposes. This groundbreaking resource addresses cytotoxicity and tissue compatibility of conductive polymers, the basics on electromagnetic fields, and commonly used experimental methods. Readers will also learn how cells are cultured in vitro with conductive polymers, and how conductive polymers and living tissues interact electrically. Throughout the contents, chapter authors emphasize the importance of conductive polymers in biomedical engineering and their potential applications in medicine. Trade Review"Profs. Zhang, Rouabhia, and Moulton have assembled a group of investigators that are working on issues ranging from materials synthesis, device characterization, and analytical measurements of performance. Of particular interest and value are several reports from clinically-inclined investigators that describe recent studies of electrically-mediated cell response. These areas represent opportunities for future developments and collaborations between chemists, materials scientists, biomedical engineers, and physicians. Taken together, these chapters provide a comprehensive overview of issues related to the interface between active devices and biological systems" —David C. Martin, Karl W. and Renate Böer Professor of Materials Science & Engineering, University of Delaware (from the Foreword)Table of ContentsEarly History of Conductive Organic PolymersSynthesis of Biomedically Relevant Conducting PolymersProperties and Characterization of Conductive PolymersMechanism in Charge Transfer and Electrical StabilityIndustry Viable Metal Anti-corrosion Application of PolyanilineMedical Device Implants for Neuromodulation. The Electromagnetic Nature of Protein-Protein InteractionsThe Impact of Electric Fields on Cell Processes, Membrane Proteins and Intracellular Signaling CascadesLipid-Protein Electrostatic Interactions in the Regulation of Membrane-Protein ActivitiesExperimental Methods to Manipulate Cultured Cells with Electrical and Electromagnetic FieldsThe Neurotrophic Factor Rationale for Using Brief Electrical Stimulation to Promote Peripheral Nerve Regeneration in Animal Models and Human PatientsIn vitro Modulatory Effects of Electrical Field on FibroblastsThe Role of Electrical Field on Neurons: In vitro StudiesModulation of Bone Cell Activities in vitro by Electrical and Electromagnetic StimulationsElectrical Stimulation of Cells Derived from MuscleThe Response of Endothelial Cells to Endogenous Bioelectric Fields The Role of Electrical Field on Stem Cells In VitroEffects of Electrical Stimulation on Cutaneous Wound Healing: Evidence from in vitro Studies and Clinical TrialsEffect of Electrical Stimulation on Bone Healing

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