International relations Books

Book SynopsisTo understand Iraq, Charles Tripp's history is the book to read. Since its first appearance in 2000, it has become a classic in the field of Middle East studies, read and admired by students, soldiers, policymakers and journalists. The book is now updated to include the recent American invasion, the fall and capture of Saddam Hussein and the subsequent descent into civil strife. What is clear is that much that has happened since 2003 was foreshadowed in the account found in this book. Tripp's thesis is that the history of Iraq throughout the twentieth-century has made it what it is today, but also provides alternative futures. Unless this is properly understood, many of the themes explored in this book - patron-client relations, organized violence, sectarian, ethnic and tribal difference - will continue to exert a hold over the future of Iraq as they did over its past.Table of ContentsIntroduction; 1. The Ottoman provinces of Baghdad, Basra and Mosul; 2. The British Mandate; 3. The Hashemite monarchy 1932-41; 4. The Hashemite monarchy 1941-58; 5. The republic 1958-68; 6. The Ba`th and the rule of Saddam Husain 1968-2003; 7. The American occupation and the parliamentary republic; Conclusion; Notes; Bibliography; Further reading and research.

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Book SynopsisA trailblazing Quaker scientist's slender masterwork of moral courage, penned at the height of the Cold War, envisioning a transformation of the human spirit and our politics that might enable the triumph of peace

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Book SynopsisBeginning in 1947, when 'India and Pakistan were born to conflict,' this title provides a primer on what is potentially the world's one of the dangerous crisis. It distills sixty-three years of complex history, tracing the roots of the relationship between these two antagonists, and explaining the various attempts to resolve their disputes.Trade Review"An expert and brisk historical primer." -- Marc Tracy New York Times Book Review "The analysis is insightful and the conclusions are inspiring." -- R. D. Long Choice "The analysis is insightful and the conclusions are inspiring." Choice "Comprehensive perspective on the origin and nature of this urgent conflict." Interaction / Bms Book NewsTable of ContentsList of Maps Preface and Acknowledgments Introduction 1. The Historic Roots of the Problem 2. The First Indo-Pakistani War 3. The Second Indo-Pakistani War 4. The Third Indo-Pakistani War and the Birth of Bangladesh 5. From the Simla Summit to Zia's Coup 6. Afghanistan's Impact on Indo-Pakistani Relations 7. Pakistan's Proxy War and Kashmir's Azaadi Revolution 8. Recent Attempts to Resolve the Escalating Conflict 9. The Stalled Peace Process 10. Potential Solutions to the Kashmir Conflict Notes Select Bibliography Index

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Book SynopsisIs there a 'Western way of war' which pursues battles of annihilation and single-minded military victory? Is warfare on a path to ever greater destructive force? This magisterial account answers these questions by tracing the history of Western thinking about strategy - the employment of military force as a political instrument - from antiquity to the present day. Assessing sources from Vegetius to contemporary America, and with a particular focus on strategy since the Napoleonic Wars, Beatrice Heuser explores the evolution of strategic thought, the social institutions, norms and patterns of behaviour within which it operates, the policies that guide it and the cultures that influence it. Ranging across technology and warfare, total warfare and small wars as well as land, sea, air and nuclear warfare, she demonstrates that warfare and strategic thinking have fluctuated wildly in their aims, intensity, limitations and excesses over the past two millennia.Trade Review'This is a real masterpiece. As a history of strategic thinking, ancient and modern, it is comprehensive, learned and authoritative. Its discussion of contemporary issues is shrewd and illuminating. It is lucid, wise, often witty, and above all, deeply humane. It should be essential reading for all students and practitioners of strategy: indeed I doubt whether they will need any other for a long time to come.' Sir Michael Howard, former Regius Professor of Modern History, University of Oxford'Beatrice Heuser has produced a book of immense and unique scholarship. The study provides the most detailed and comprehensive survey yet written on strategic thinking across the ages from Roman times to the contemporary debates about the future of warfare in the twenty-first century. It is essential reading for any serious university or military student of strategic studies or international security.' John Baylis, Emeritus Professor and formerly Pro Vice Chancellor, Swansea University'With this work Beatrice Heuser has made a major contribution. This is much more than just a survey of strategy through the ages, but a deep, intellectual examination of the complex relationships between strategy and war through the course of history.' Williamson Murray, Professor Emeritus of History, Ohio State University'Heuser's history of strategic theory and practice demonstrates extraordinary range, erudition, intelligence, and insight. She appears to have read everything, in many languages, about attempts to apply armed force effectively. The Evolution of Strategy will be the first port of call for those wanting to check up on the development of land strategy in the eighteenth century, maritime strategy in the nineteenth century, nuclear strategy in the twentieth century, or counterinsurgency strategy in the twenty-first century.' Lawrence D. Freedman, Foreign Affairs'Beatrice Heuser … has written one of the most important books on strategy and war to appear in recent years.' H. R. MacMaster, Survival'… Hauser's deeply intellectual analysis of the history of military strategy achieves its aim and achieves it with style. It is comprehensive without being dry, it is intellectual without being geekish and it is authoritative without being academically arrogant … It should be read, digested, considered and appreciated like one would approach a Cuban cigar and cognac in the study or ante-room. The author is to be congratulated for a fine piece of work and a major contribution to the study of strategy.' Dave Mugridge, The Naval Review'There can be no dispute that this is a major work by a recognised authority. Heuser set out to provide a survey of the literature discussing this subject over much of European history and there can be little doubt that she has achieved her aim.' Australian Defence Force JournalTable of ContentsPart I. Introduction: 1. What is strategy?; Part II. Long-Term Constants: 2. Warfare and mindsets from antiquity to the middle ages; 3. Warfare and mindsets in early modern Europe; 4. Themes in early thinking about strategy; Part III. The Napoleonic Paradigm and Total War: 5. The age and mindset of the Napoleonic paradigm; 6. The Napoleonic paradigm transformed: from total mobilisation to total war; 7. Challenges to the Napoleonic paradigm vs. the culmination of total war; Part IV. Naval and Maritime Strategy: 8. Long-term trends and early maritime strategy; 9. The age of steam to the First World War; 10. The World Wars and their lessons for maritime strategists; 11. Maritime strategy in the nuclear age; Part V. Air Power and Nuclear Strategy: 12. War in the third dimension; 13. Four schools of air power; 14. Nuclear strategy; Part VI. Asymmetric or 'Small' Wars: 15. From partisan war to people's war; 16. Counterinsurgency; Part VII. The Quest for New Paradigms after the World Wars: 17. Wars without victories, victories without peace; 18. No end of history: the dialectic continues; 19. Epilogue: strategy making vs. bureaucratic politics; 20. Summaries and conclusions.

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Book SynopsisMichael Pillsbury, who has served in senior national security positions in the U.S. government since the days of Richard Nixon and Henry Kissinger, draws on Chinese documents, speeches, and books to reveal the roots of the strategy to supplant the United States as the world's dominant power.

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Book SynopsisThe need for collective action has never been greater, but geopolitics, structural changes and diverging preferences mean that existing global governance arrangements, devised at Bretton Woods in the 1940s, are either unravelling or outmoded. Reconciling this contradiction is today?s pressing global policy challenge.In this short book, two of Europe?s most-experienced policymakers and analysts outline a new agenda for global governance. They examine governance practices across several key policy areas ? climate, health, trade and competition, banking and finance, taxation, migration and the digital economy ? and consider what works and what doesn''t, and why. The global governance solutions they put forward are ambitious but pragmatic. They require complexity, flexibility and compromise. Attributes that global governments are demonstrably short of, but today?s global crises urgently demand.

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Book SynopsisCan the Euro be saved? Should it be?Nobel prize-winning economist Joseph E. Stiglitz dismantles the prevailing consensus around what ails Europe - arguing that economic stagnation is a direct result of the Euro''s flawed birth, demolishing the champions of austerity and offering solutions that can rescue the continent from further devastation.''Stiglitz could hardly have timed The Euro better ... one of those economists with a rare ability to help readers understand complex ideas'' Philip Aldrick, The Times''Original, hard-hitting ... Much more than a demolition job. These chapters are full of constructive proposals'' Martin Sandbu, Financial Times''Terrific and clarifying'' Peter Goodman, The New York Times''Coolly analytical ... he is surely right: without a radical overhaul of its workings, the Euro seems all but certain to fail'' EconomistTrade ReviewHighly readable ... passionately written ... this important book will unnerve millions * Sunday Telegraph *Stiglitz could hardly have timed The Euro better ... one of those economists with a rare ability to help readers understand complex ideas -- Philip Aldrick * The Times *Coolly analytical ... he is surely right: without a radical overhaul of its workings, the Euro seems all but certain to fail * Economist *

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Book SynopsisThis unprecedented study of sex trafficking, forced labor, organ trafficking, and sex tourism across twenty-four nations.Trade ReviewStephanie Hepburn and Rita J. Simon make an effective case that while the specifics of trafficking vary depending on its focal point, there are certain constants. In their review of a range of countries, they demonstrate that economics, geography, civil unrest, societal inequality, and gender disparities play a major role in how trafficking manifests itself. -- Christa Stewart, New York State Office of Human Trafficking, Office of Temporary Disability Assistance I recommend this comprehensive study to anyone wanting to understand the fight against the modern-day slavetrade. The book stands apart by augmenting nation-by-nation accounts of trafficking realities with critiques of existing local anti-trafficking measures and consideration of local obstacles. Supported by diverse sources, the authors set forth clear policy recommendations to combat trafficking. -- Lori J. Johnson, staff attorney, Farmworker Unit, Legal Aid of North Carolina Human trafficking and sexual exploitation are complex issues which differ in nature from country to country, and very often accounts of human trafficking are based on anecdotal evidence. Hepburn and Simon managed to delve beneath the surface of policies and legislation within the various countries that they studied by involving those who are involved at a grass root level and have come up with a fascinating account of these practices in the various countries covered in their book. -- Carol Bews, assistant director, Johannesburg Child Welfare Society This volume demonstrates ways in which global migration policies and programs facilitate human trafficking by focusing on law enforcement rather than promoting uniform labor standards. Its broad focus helps readers compare practices among countries and understand the transnational impact of national legislation and policies on human trafficking around the globe. -- Gretchen Kuhner, author of the American Bar Association's Human Trafficking Assessment Tool Report Immensely well-documented and useful. Kirkus Reviews an immensely learned and informative piece of work, much needed to prod and set aright the misperceptions and lethargy that beset this disturbing issue. -- John Tirman Washington Post Superior and well-written, this is the rare resource that is both scholarly and approachable, making it a must-read Library JournalTable of ContentsIntroduction Part I: Work Visa Loopholes for Traffickers 1. United States 2. Japan 3. United Arab Emirates Part II: Stateless Persons 4. Thailand 5. Israel and the Occupied Palestinian Territories Part III: Unrest, Displacement, and Who Is in Charge 6. Colombia 7. Iraq 8. Syria Part IV. Conflation 9. Canada Part V: Conflicting Agendas 10. Italy 11. France Part VI: Gender Apartheid 12. Iran Part VII: Social Hierarchy 13. India 14. Niger 15. China Part VIII: Muti Murder 16. South Africa Part IX: Hard-To-Prove Criterion and a Slap on the Wrist 17. Australia 18. United Kingdom 19. Chile 20. Germany Part X: Transparent Borders 21. Poland Part XI: Fear Factor 22. Mexico Part XII. Poverty and Economic Boom 23. Russia 24. Brazil Conclusion Notes References Index

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Book SynopsisWinner of the 2014 Lionel Trilling Book AwardAn examination of the failure of the United States as a broker in the Palestinian-Israeli peace process, through three key historical moments For more than seven decades the conflict between Israel and the Palestinian people has raged on with no end in sight, and for much of that time, the United States has been involved as a mediator in the conflict. In this book, acclaimed historian Rashid Khalidi zeroes in on the United States’s role as the purported impartial broker in this failed peace process. Khalidi closely analyzes three historical moments that illuminate how the United States’ involvement has, in fact, thwarted progress toward peace between Israel and Palestine. The first moment he investigates is the “Reagan Plan” of 1982, when Israeli prime minister Menachem Begin refused to accept the Reagan administration’s proposal to reframe the Camp David Accords more impartially. The second moment covers the period after the Madrid Peace Conference, from 1991 to 1993, during which negotiations between Israel and Palestine were brokered by the United States until the signing of the secretly negotiated Oslo accords. Finally, Khalidi takes on President Barack Obama’s retreat from plans to insist on halting the settlements in the West Bank. Through in-depth research into and keen analysis of these three moments, as well as his own firsthand experience as an advisor to the Palestinian delegation at the 1991 pre–Oslo negotiations in Washington, DC, Khalidi reveals how the United States and Israel have actively colluded to prevent a Palestinian state and resolve the situation in Israel’s favor. Brokers of Deceit bares the truth about why peace in the Middle East has been impossible to achieve: for decades, US policymakers have masqueraded as unbiased agents working to bring the two sides together, when, in fact, they have been the agents of continuing injustice, effectively preventing the difficult but essential steps needed to achieve peace in the region.

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Book SynopsisKeys offers the first major study of the political and cultural ramifications of international sports competitions in the 1930s. Focusing on the U.S., Nazi Germany, and the Soviet Union, she examines the transformation of events like the Olympics and the World Cup from small-scale events to the expensive, political, global extravaganzas of today.

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Book SynopsisReagan’s Legacy in a World Transformed offers a timely retrospective on the fortieth president’s policies and impact on today’s world, from the influence of free market ideas on economic globalization, to the role of an assertive military in U.S. foreign policy, to reduction of nuclear arsenals in the interest of stability.Trade ReviewJeffrey Chidester and Paul Kengor have assembled an outstanding set of analysts to examine the presidency and ongoing impact of Ronald Reagan, who continues to stand as one of the most important political figures of the twentieth century. These authors may differ on how Reagan changed the world, but they leave little question that he did. -- Andrew E. Busch, Claremont McKenna CollegeChidester and Kengor have produced a volume that captures the life, leadership, and legacy of President Ronald Reagan on the world stage. For those who knew and worked with President Reagan, these essays will be a reminder of a great leader and significant accomplishments. For students and those seeking to learn about Ronald Reagan, this work both lays the foundation and provides deep understanding. -- Stewart D. McLaurin, The White House Historical Association

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Book SynopsisThe Great Game in West Asia examines the strategic competition between Iran and Turkey for power and influence in the South Caucasus. These neighbouring Middle East powers have vied for supremacy and influence throughout the region and especially in their immediate vicinity, while both contending with ethnic heterogeneity within their own territories and across their borders. Turkey has long conceived of itself as not just a bridge between Asia and Europe but in more substantive terms as a central player in regional and global affairs. If somewhat more modest in its public statements, Iran's parallel ambitions for strategic centrality and influence have only been masked by its own inarticulate foreign policy agendas and the repeated missteps of its revolutionary leaders. But both have sought to deepen their regional influence and power, and in the South Caucasus each has achieved a modicum of success. In fact, as the contributions to this volume demonstrate, as much of the world's attention has been diverted to conflicts and flashpoints near and far, a new great game has been unravelling between Iran and Turkey in the South Caucasus.Trade Review[A] collection of essays by leading scholars in the field . . . this is an important addition to the literature.'Excellent. This is a highly insightful account of important trends that are impacting West Asia. Mehran Kamrava has put together an outstanding group of scholars to explain the key drivers shaping this strategically sensitive region. -- Alex Vatanka, Senior Fellow, Middle East InstituteTurkey and the South Caucasus are looming as theatres of conflict and strife, challenging longstanding assumptions about the internal stability and regional engagements of states in this part of the world. This splendid collection is the very book to set these troubling developments in a rich--if unsettling--context. -- William Maley, Professor of Diplomacy, Asia-Pacific College of Diplomacy, Australian National UniversityMehran Kamrava has edited a set of illuminating and highly innovative essays on a topic that has received scant attention. The book brings together leading scholars who deliver an outstanding compendium that is likely to make a major imprint on the field -- an important and necessary book. -- Arshin Adib-Moghaddam, Chair of the Centre for Iranian Studies, SOAS University of LondonThe South Caucasus may not view itself primarily as the stage for a great game between Iran and Turkey, but these two powers' regional rivalry makes a useful lens through which to examine the diverse trajectories of Armenia, Azerbaijan and Georgia. Chapters by well-known academics from all sides have been fluently edited into a frank and inclusive overview of the region from several unusual vantage points. -- Hugh Pope, International Crisis Group, author of 'Sons of the Conquerors: the Rise of the Turkic World'

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Book SynopsisCollection of personal essays detailing the adventures, advice, and experience of generations of CIA support and technical officers.

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Book SynopsisFirst published in 2012, Borders: A Very Short Introduction began with the premise that we live in a very bordered world. The intervening decade has witnessed a flurry of events and developments that continue to highlight the centrality of borders in contemporary domestic and international affairs, as well as the interstices between the two, including sudden surges in migrant and refugees flows; renewed emphasis on traditional border security and wall construction; growing tensions concerning maritime sovereignty; rapid advances in cybersecurity, surveillance, and biometrics; expanded detention and deportation infrastructures; proliferation of transborder organizations; revived populist and nationalist sentiments; and protectionist and integrationist trade practices, to name some prominent examples from recent headlines. This revised edition accounts for recent developments including Brexit, the 2015 migration crisis across Europe, efforts to build a border wall between the US and Mexico, growing isolationist and nativist sentiments, demands for indigenous homelands, transnational protest movements, Russian cross-border incursions, and insurgencies and rebellions across much of North Africa and Southwest Asia.

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Book SynopsisGDP is much more than a simple statistic. It has become the overarching benchmark of success and a powerful ordering principle at the heart of the global economy. But the convergence of major economic, social and environmental crises has exposed the flaws of our economic system which values GDP above all else as a measure of prosperity and growth. In this provocative and inspiring new book, political economist Lorenzo Fioramonti sets out his vision of a world after GDP. Focusing on pioneering research on alternative metrics of progress, governance innovation and institutional change, he makes a compelling case for the profound and positive transformations that could be achieved through a post-GDP system of development. From a new role for small business, households and civil society to a radical evolution of democracy and international relations, Fioramonti sets out a combination of top-down reforms and bottom-up pressures whose impact, he argues, would be unprecedented, making it possible to build a more equitable, sustainable and happy society.Trade Review "Fioramonti's critique of the limitations of GDP is extremely well constructed, highly appropriate and relevant."—Colin Crouch, University of Warwick, UK "What governments don't track today is often far more important than what they do because what we measure changes how we behave – and how we think. And changing what we think is essential if we are to build a more sustainable economic system. Read this fascinating and well-written book – and change the way you think!"—Graeme Maxton, Secretary General of the Club of Rome and bestselling author of The End of Progress "An original, comprehensive and compelling analysis of the problems with GDP and how to make the world better without it."—Robert Costanza, Australian National University and editor-in-chief of Solutions "A well-written and persuasive analysis of how to change the world by moving beyond the current narrow focus on GDP."—Herman Daly, founder of Ecological Economics and Emeritus Professor, University of Maryland "comprehensive, passionate and detailed overview" —Edoardo Campanella, International Affairs"Prof. Fioramonti’s The World After GDP is a very important study in helping us to understand the role of GDP in getting the world into its present condition, and what aspects of our understanding of GDP may help guide us through the coming era of great change. "—Defense & Foreign Affairs Table of ContentsContents Acknowledgements Figures and Tables Introduction Chapter 1 The making of a post-GDP world Chapter 2 The rise and fall of the GDP ideology Chapter 3 Post-GDP economy Chapter 4 Post-GDP politics Chapter 5 Post-GDP world Conclusion References

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Book SynopsisModern Greek History and more general history within GreeceTrade Review"Who are the Greeks? This volume provides new answers to the long-vexing question, situating its subject both within national boundaries and broader global context. With this truly modern and sophisticated history, Liakos and Doumanis provide an account of Greece's - and the Greeks' -dynamic, complex and complicated twentieth century. " -Katherine Fleming, Alexander S. Onassis Professor of Hellenic Culture and Civilization , NYU and President of the J. Paul Getty Trust

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Book SynopsisThis final volume in John Röhl's acclaimed biography of Wilhelm II explores the Kaiser's role in the international crises leading up to the outbreak of war in 1914. It also charts his experience of exile in Holland and his frustrated hopes that the Nazis would restore him to the throne.Trade Review'A masterpiece and one of the greatest political biographies of our times.' Simon Sebag Montefiore, The Times'The single most important recent contribution to the debate on the causes of the First World War.' BBC History Magazine'One of the outstanding biographies of the past twenty years.' Philip Mansel, The Spectator'A powerful and impressive thesis.' Jonathan Sperber, The Times Literary Supplement'Devastating.' Norman Stone, Literary Review'Magisterial is the only word that adequately describes Röhl's final installment of his authoritative biography of Kaiser Wilhelm II. This massive tome examines in a most engaging way the personal role the Kaiser played in facilitating the major political and diplomatic crises leading to the Great War … Highly recommended.' M. A. Mengerink, Choice'Reviewers of Röhl's work will find it difficult to avoid echoing each other: adjectives such as 'monumental' and 'definitive' are well-nigh inescapable in the face of this enormous achievement … Future researchers with an interest in any aspect of the Kaiser's life or his role in the government of Imperial Germany will find Röhl an indispensable guide to the documentary record.' Andrew G. Bonnell, European History Quarterly'This book is the final instalment of John Röhl's exhaustive and magisterial three-volume biography of Kaiser Wilhelm II. Like the two preceding parts, this volume is meticulously researched, full of new insights, beautifully written and, notwithstanding its great length and substantial weight, difficult to put down. Taken either on its own or as the culmination of a trilogy, it is a monumental achievement…This is an outstanding work. So much new research and scholarship has gone into completing it that it is difficult to imagine what other new documents might be out there waiting to be unearthed that would materially add to what Röhl has written. Equally, with this volume and its two predecessors in the public domain it is hard to see why anyone else would attempt a new study of Wilhelm II. While no work of history ever has the final word, surely this is as close to definitive as a biography can get.' Matthew S. Seligmann, The English Historical Review'Scholars of the period owe a great debt to Röhl. Whether, in the final analysis, one agrees with his reading of Wilhelm, Röhl has redirected attention to the importance of human agency in history. In tandem, he has also liberated his subject both from being a caricature, a cardboard cutout knave, and from the less-than-benign neglect of those with structuralist predilections.' T. G. Otte, The Journal of Modern HistoryTable of Contents1. Death and transfiguration; 2. The Kaiser and England during the Boer War; 3. 'I am the balance of power in Europe': Wilhelm between Britain, Russia and France; 4. The Boxer Rebellion and the Baghdad Railway; 5. The shabby compromise: Wilhelm II and Bülow's Chancellorship; 6. Wilhelm II and the Germans, 1900–1904; 7. 'We two make history and destiny is in our hands!' Kaiser and Tsar on the eve of the Russo-Japanese War; 8. The Anglo-German antagonism: the Kaiser, the King and public opinion; 9. The Kaiser and America; 10. Uncle and nephew: Edward VII and the 'encirclement' of Germany; 11. East Asia in flames: the Russo-Japanese War and its consequences; 12. Operational plans for a war in Western Europe; 13. 'Paris must get one in the eye from us one day!' The Kaiser and the First Morocco Crisis; 14. 'A turning point in the history of Europe', or the fiasco of Björkö; 15. Balance of power or hegemony? The Anglo-German conflict and the quarrel with King Edward; 16. Humiliation in Algeciras; 17. 'Encirclement': caught in the web of the Entente; 18. Germany's 'Dreadnought Leap': the Kaiser and 'his' navy; 19. The zenith of personal monarchy: the Kaiser and the government on the eve of the great crisis; 20. 'Kings are only human, after all': scandals at the Hohenzollern court; 21. Prince Eulenburg's downfall: the campaign against the Liebenberg 'Camarilla'; 22. The Kaiser's visit to Windsor and Highcliffe, November-December 1907; 23. The hot summer of 1908: on the verge of war with Britain; 24. 'Our Kaiser and his People!' The crisis of Wilhelm's personal monarchy; 25. Nemesis: Wilhelm II and the Daily Telegraph affair; 26. Upheaval in the Balkans: Kaiser Wilhelm and the Bosnian Annexation Crisis of 1908–09; 27. The 'pantomime': from Bülow to Bethmann Hollweg; 28. Wilhelm and the direction of foreign policy under Bethmann Hollweg; 29. The king is dead, or new hopes of an agreement with England; 30. Agadir: the leap of the Panther; 31. 'The enemy identified': the acceleration of the naval race and the growing menace of war; 32. 'Already leader of the United States of Europe'? The Kaiser and the debacle of the Haldane Mission; 33. November 1912: the strategic switch from West to East; 34. Deterrence: the unresolved problem of Britain's neutrality; 35. 'Berlin has warned us off again': the 'postponed racial war against Slavdom'; 36. Kaiser and Reich: Wilhelm's Personal Monarchy on the eve of war; 37. 'With head held high and hand on hilt!' Preparations for war 1913–14; 38. Summer 1914: the decision for war; 39. The Kaiser's last Norwegian cruise; 40. Confusion in Potsdam: the fear of Britain's involvement; 41. Into the abyss: the outbreak of war; 42. The Supreme War Lord in the First World War; 43. The Kaiser's war aims; 44. Downfall: the collapse of the Hohenzollern monarchy; 45. The unicorn in winter: a new life in exile; 46. 'Blood must flow, much blood': the Kaiser and the 'swinish' Weimar Republic; 47. Monarch by the grace of Hitler? Wilhelm II and the Third Reich.

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Book SynopsisInternational lawyer Philippe Sands has a unique insider''s view of the elites who govern our lives. His sensational revelations in Lawless World changed the political agenda overnight, forcing Tony Blair to publish damning mterial that he''d tried to hide.Now, in this updated edition with a shocking new chapter, you can get the full story of how the US and UK governments are riding roughshod over international agreements on human rights, war, torture and the environment - the very laws they put in place. Here sands looks at why global rules matter for all of us. And he powerfully makes the case for preserving them ... before justice becomes history.

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Book SynopsisTHE PULITZER PRIZE-WINNING BESTSELLER, NOW AN ACCLAIMED TV SERIESThis is the definitive account of the run-up to 9/11: from the man who lit the spark of radical Islam in 1948, to those who built up a terror network, and to the FBI agent whose warnings of ''something big'' coming were ignored until the Twin Towers fell.''The Looming Tower is a thriller. And it''s a tragedy, too'' The New York Times''The most detailed (and thrilling) account we have of the events that led to the destruction of the Twin Towers'' Observer, Books of the Year''Possibly the best book yet written on the rise of al-Qaeda ... beautifully written and wonderfully compelling'' William Dalrymple''We meet some formidable schemers and killers ... fabulists crazed with blood and death'' Martin AmisTrade ReviewWright's brilliantly constructed narrative is head and shoulders above the rest. He knows important parts of the Muslim world (including Saudi Arabia) at first hand, he understands the motors of Islamist militancy ... Moreover, he is a fine writer with an eye for the telling detail. Even those who think they know the story intimately will feel they are reading it anew * New Statesman *One of the best and most important books of recent years. A masterful combination of reporting and writing -- Dan RatherLawrence Wright's integrity and diligence as a reporter shine through every page of this riveting narrative -- Robert Caro

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Book SynopsisTrade ReviewKara's exploration is perhaps the most ambitious and reasoned treatment of this form of slavery in the modern era. By combining academic rigor and discipline alongside the narratives and voices of slaves, Kara offers a definitive analysis of the complexity of bonded labor as well as a reinvigoration of the movement to end this form of slavery globally. A must-read for all who want to better understand the trajectory of the global economy and its effect on labor. -- Randy Newcomb, president/CEO, Humanity United Kara's eye-opening view of bonded labor jolts the reader into acute awareness of one of the most insidious forms of modern-day slavery, inciting us to act to end this crime against humanity. -- Anne Archer, founder, Artists for Human Rights This book is a tool for a slave-free future. Incisive, relevant, and composite, it offers the latest data on bonded labor in South Asia, argues brilliantly that choice is irrelevant to bondage, and has new 'how-to' guides for activism. -- Ruchira Gupta, president/founder, Apne Aap Women Worldwide A beautifully lucid, compelling mixture of history, investigative journalism, personal testimony, and trenchant socioeconomic criticism. -- Jacqueline Bhabha, Harvard University An eloquent description of human misery and courage. The unique contribution of Kara's book is his in-depth economic analysis of industries where high profits are made on the expense of millions of poor and vulnerable people. -- Beate Andrees, International Labour Office Bonded Labor blends an historical account of the origins of slavery with meticulous research and first-hand testimonies from victims. The book enables the reader to fully grasp the extent of the problem and should move us all to act. -- Nina Smith, executive director, GoodWeave U.S.A. Beyond sobering, disturbing, yet so well and humanly written. The solutions proposed are the clearest in relegating this modern-day slavery, finally, to history. -- Erica Stone, president, American Himalayan Foundation Passionate...yet data-driven and absent of sensationalism, Kara's spotlight on debt bondage, "at once the most ancient and most contemporary face of human servitude," warrants profound attention. Publishers Weekly This book is a valuable resource for policy makers, human-rights activists, legal experts and academics, as well as for businesses with supply chains in developing countries. It deserves attention, and should inspire the eradication of the insidious crime of enslavement. -- Kathleen Hwang Asia Literary Review Researchers, academics, teachers, students, activists, community workers...would all benfit from reading Bonded Labor. -- Angie Redecopp Journal of Human TraffickingTable of ContentsList of Tables and Figures Preface Acknowledgments 1. Bonded Labor: An Overview 2. Agriculture: Kamaiya and Hari 3. Bricks and Bidis 4. Shrimp and Tea 5. Construction and Stonebreaking 6. Carpets and Other Sectors 7. Bonded Labor and the Law 8. Tackling Bonded Labor Appendix A: Global Slavery Metrics Appendix B: Select Bonded Labor Economics Appendix C: Select Bonded Labor Supply Chains Appendix D: Bonded Labor as Defined by India's Bonded Labour System (Abolition) Act Appendix E: Bonded Labor Law and Cases: Pakistan Appendix F: Select Economic and Human Development Statistics Notes Works Cited Index

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Book SynopsisThis book moves beyond the focus on economic considerations that was central to the work of New Left historians, examining the many other forces-domestic politics, bureaucratic inertia, quirks of personality, and perceptions of Soviet intentions-that influenced key decision makers in Washington.Trade Review[T]he most satisfactory post-revisionist treatment of American policy making to date. New York Times Book Review History moves fast, and it is a rare book that stays current after almost 30 years. John Gaddis's "postrevisionist" study of how the United States and Soviet Union got themselves into such sterile conflict of interests following the defeat of the Axis remains one of the best books available on this crucial period. The Daily Yomiuri An exceptionally elegant and detached example of post revisionism. (from the first edition) The New York Review of BooksTable of ContentsPreface to the New Edition Preface Abbreviations Used in the Footnotes 1. The Past as Prologue: The American Vision of the Postwar World 2. The Soviet Union and World Revolution: the American View, 1941-1944 3. Cooperating for Victory: Defeating Germany and Japan 4. Repression versus Rehabilitation: The Problem of Germany 5. Security versus Self-Determination: The Problem of Eastern Europe 6. Economic Relations: Lend-Lease and the Russian Loan 7. Victory and Transition: Harry S. Truman and the Russians 8. The Impotence of Omnipotence: American Diplomacy, the Atomic Bomb, and the Postwar World 9. Getting Tough with Russia: The Reorientation of American Policy, 1946 10. To the Truman Doctrine: Implementing the New Policy 11. Conclusion: The United States and the Origins of the Cold War Bibliography Index

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Book SynopsisTrade Review[An] important and ambitious book Survival This work is both normatively and empirically rich; its focus on data and methodology illuminates the subject rather than obscuring it...highly recommended. Choice A useful and long-overdue attempt to define and measure the important idea of legitimacy. -- Vsevolod Gunitskiy Political Science QuarterlyTable of ContentsList of Tables, Figures, and Boxes Introduction 1. The Empirical Study of Legitimacy 2. Sources of Legitimacy 3. Change Over Time: Legitimation 4. A Historical Case: Uganda After 1986 5. The Consequences of Legitimacy Conclusion: Widening Horizons Notes References Index

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Book SynopsisThe Indus Waters Treaty is considered a key example of India-Pakistan cooperation, but less has been said about its critical influence on state-making in both countries. Rivers Divided reveals the importance of the Indus Basin river system, and thus control over it, for Indian and Pakistani claims to sovereignty after South Asia's Partition in 1947. Securing water flows was a key aim for both governments. In 1960 the Indus Waters Treaty ostensibly settled the dispute, but in fact failed to address critical sources of tension. Examples include the role of water in the Kashmir conflict and the riverine geography of Punjab's militarized border zone. Despite the recent resurgence of disputes over water-sharing in South Asia, the historical causes and consequences of the region's flagship natural resources treaty remain little understood. Based on new research in South Asia, the United States and United Kingdom, this book places the Indus dispute, for the first time, in the context of decolonisation and Cold War-era development politics. It examines the discord at local, national and international levels, arguing that we can only explain its importance and longevity in light of India and Pakistan's state-building initiatives after independence.Trade Review'Competition for water in the Indus Valley has been a major example of competition for this key resource in the modern world. In this outstanding book, Haines demonstrates the local, national and international forces at work in producing the Indus Waters Treaty of 1960. It is a major contribution both to the history of decolonisation and of the environment.' * Francis Robinson, Professor of the History of South Asia, Royal Holloway, University of London *'Through the Subcontinent's long-running disputes and water-sharing agreements, Haines offers a distinctive, fresh account of how new states emerged in South Asia. Rather than viewing state-building as purely ideological or constitutional, Haines shows how everything, from peasants concerns to Cold War development projects, shaped ideas and realities of Indo-Pakistani sovereignty.' * Faisal Devji, Reader in Indian History, St Antony's College Oxford and author of Muslim Zion: Pakistan as a Political Idea *'Rivers Divided deftly takes a history of rivers into the realms of state-building, sovereignty negotiation and national identity. Sensitive to the distinctive post-colonial and Cold War contexts, Haines' unique contribution lies in addressing longer-term processes, not iconic events, intensively exploiting newly available archives in India, Pakistan, the U.K. and U.S.' * Philip Brown, Professor of History, Ohio State University *'Excellent and highly readable . . . gripping . . . an excellent contribution to historicizing notions of territory.'

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Book SynopsisThis is the first book to tell the story of the Jews of Lebanon in the twentieth century. It challenges the prevailing view that Jews everywhere in the Middle East were second-class citizens, and were persecuted after the establishment of the State of Israel in 1948. The Jews of Lebanon were just one of Lebanon's 23 minorities with the same rights and privileges, and subject to the same political tensions. The author discusses the Jewish presence in Lebanon under Ottoman Rule; Lebanese Jews under the French mandate; Lebanese Jewish identity after the establishment of the State of Israel; the increase of the community through Syrian refugees; the Jews' position in the first civil war; their involvement in the exfiltration of Syrian Jews; the beginning of their exodus after the 1967 War; the virtual extinction of the Jewish community as a result of the prolonged 1975 second civil war and the 1982 Israeli invasion of Lebanon; and finally the community's memory of their Lebanese past.Trade Review"An outstanding sociopolitical history of the Jewish community of Lebanon. Highly recommended..." -- Choice"Dr Schulze succeeds in placing the Jewish community in the broader context of Lebanese and Middle Eastern politics, and makes a highly significant and substantive contribution to the study on minorities in the Middle East." - From the foreword by Professor Avi Shlaim, St Antonys College, OxfordTable of ContentsForeword by Avi Shlaim; Introduction; Jewish life in the Arab Middle East; Jewish life in Lebanon; A literary survey; A Voyage through History; The historical legacy; Lebanon under Ottoman Rule; The Lebanese Jewish community; Culture, education and religion; Lebanese Jews under the French Mandate: Liberty, Fraternity and Equality; Grand Liban and the mandate; Merchants and financiers; Inter-communal relations and community life; The Lebanese Zionist project and contacts with the Yishuv; The Palestine question; World War II and the Vichy regime; Lebanese and Israeli Independence: Questions of Identity; Lebanese independence and the National Pact; The Jewish community and the political situation, 1943-1948; Two women remember: a privileged life in Lebanon; The establishment of the State of Israel; Jewish refugees and unavoidable changes; Syrian refugees; The First Civil War: Conflict of Identities; Dual loyalties; The Jewish community and the political situation, 1949-1957; Community life, 1943-1958; The first Lebanese civil war; Political and cultural identification; The Beginning of the Exodus; The Chehabist miracle'; Jewish emigration; The Six-Day War and beyond; The Cairo Agreement: the road to disintegration; The second civil war; The Israeli Invasion and Beyond: Renaissance or Decline?; Operation Peace for Galilee; Renaissance in Beirut; The war continues, 1985-1989; The end of the civil war; Conjectures, Considerations, and Conclusions; A Sentimental Journey; The community in history; The Arab-Israeli conflict; A history of Lebanon; Index.

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Book SynopsisFULLY REVISED AND UPDATED The massacre of 1 million Rwandan Tutsis by ethnic Hutus in 1994 has become a symbol of the international community's helplessness in the face of human rights atrocities. It is assumed that the West was well-intentioned, but ultimately ineffectual. But as Andrew Wallis reveals in this shocking book, one country - France - was secretly providing military, financial and diplomatic support to the genocidaires all along. Based on new interviews with key players and eye-witnesses, and previously unreleased documents, Walliss' book tells a story which many have suspected, but never seen set out before. France, Wallis discovers, was keen to defend its influence in Africa, even if it meant complicity in genocide, for as French President Francois Mitterrand once said: "in countries like that, genocide is not so important". Wallis's riveting expose of the French role in one of the darkest chapters of human history will provoke furious debate, denials, and outrage.Trade ReviewAndrew Wallis's analysis of France's role in the 1994 genocide in Rwanda is furiously hard-hitting and thoroughly researched… His book is needed as a record. * Alex Duval Smith, The Independent *Powerful. Wallis produces plentiful evidence that some French officers were training the Hutus how to capture and tie up prisoners, how to slit their bellies so that their bodies wouldn't float... There is no part of the French past that needs honesty and a clear break more than this. * The Sunday Times *This book indicates the influence exerted by an ex-colonial power as a permanent member of the Security Council. On the difficult road that so many developing countries must travel towards the rule of law and human rights, as in the case of Rwanda, this interference and less than helpful involvement in the denouement of a civil war and genocide by different levels of the French Government is a reflection of self-interest and inept use of what should have been the moral authority of a world power. France could have led the charge to reinforce the UN mission through direct support to the Franco-African nations that were ready to come and stop the human catastrophe and civil war. The French government instead chose to intervene on the side of one off the most ruthless and destructive group of genocidaires in world history. * Romeo Dallaire, Commander of UNAMIR peace-keeping force in Rwanda, 1993-1994 *Through the quality of his sources and the rigour of his analysis, Andrew Wallis renders France's complicity in the Rwandan Genocide undeniable. * Mehdia Ba, author of 'Rwanda, Un Genocide Francais' *Wallis leaves no stone unturned in his determination to build his case for complicity. Silent Accomplice sets out a very convincing case against France. The facts, quite frankly, represent an indictment that at some point will have to be answered. * John Honderich, Literary Review of Canada *Table of ContentsAbbreviations and glossary Preface Map of Rwanda 1. A Policy of Bad Habits 2. Invasion and Intervention 3. Civil War and Peace Talks 4. Militia, Massacres and Arusha 5. Retreat 6. Arming the Genocide 7. Operation Turquoise 8. Bisesero and Withdrawal 9. Burying Genocide 10. Smokescreens and the Search for Truth Conclusion Notes References Index

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Book SynopsisAlfred Thayer Mahan has been called Americaâs nineteenth-century âevangelist of sea powerâ and the intellectual father of the modern US Navy. His theories have a timeless appeal, and Chinese analysts now routinely invoke Mahanâs writings, exhorting their nation to build a powerful navy. Economics is the prime motivation for maritime reorientation, and securing the sea lanes that convey foreign energy supplies and other commodities now ranks near or at the top of Chinaâs list of military priorities. This book is the first systematic effort to test the interplay between Western military thought and Chinese strategic traditions vis-Ã-vis the nautical arena. It uncovers some universal axioms about how theories of sea power influence the behaviour of great powers and examines how Mahanian thought could shape Chinaâs encounters on the high seas. Empirical analysis adds a new dimension to the current debate over Chinaâs âriseâ and its importance for international relations. The findings also clarify the possible implications of Chinaâs maritime rise for the United States, and illuminate how the two powers can manage their bilateral interactions on the high seas.Chinese Naval Strategy in the 21st Century will be of much interest to students of naval history, Chinese politics and security studies.Table of ContentsPreface: Is History Bunk? 1. China Turns Seaward 2. Mahanian Sea-Power Theory and History 3. China Interprets Mahan 4. China’s Littoral Dilemma 5. Mahanian Sea Power with Chinese Characteristics 6. Commanding China’s Commons 7. Potential Futures for China’s Maritime Strategy 8. A Roadmap for Asian Maritime Stability

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Book SynopsisThe 1955 Asia-Africa conference (the ""Bandung Conference"") was a meeting of 29 Asian and African nations that sought to draw on Asian and African nationalism and religious traditions to forge a new international order that was neither communist nor capitalist, and led six years later to the non-aligned movement. Few would dispute the notion that the inaugural meeting in 1955 was a watershed in international history, but there is much disagreement about its long-term legacy and its significance for present-day international affairs. Was it a post-colonial ideological reaction to the passing of the age of empire or an innovative effort to promote a new regionalism? Were its principles of peaceful coexistence a rhetorical flourish or a substantive policy initiative? Did the Conference help define North-South relations? And in what way did the Conference contribute to the regional order of contemporary Asia?The authors in the present volume argue that the Bandung Conference had a lasting normative influence on the contemporary regional order of Asia, and that it underlies the diplomatic principles and loosely defined normative framework that characterize present-day Asian international relations.

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Book SynopsisA national bestseller, Dead Aid unflinchingly confronts one of the greatest myths of our time: that billions of dollars in aid sent from wealthy countries to developing African nations has helped to reduce poverty and increase growth. In fact, poverty levels continue to escalate and growth rates have steadily declinedand millions continue to suffer. Debunking the current model of international aid promoted by both Hollywood celebrities and policy makers, Dambisa Moyo offers a bold new road map for financing development of the world''s poorest countries. Much debated in the United States and the United Kingdom on publication, Dead Aid is an unsettling yet optimistic work, a powerful challenge to the assumptions and arguments that support a profoundly misguided development policy in Africa. And it is a clarion call to a new, more hopeful vision of how to address the desperate poverty that plagues millions.

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Book SynopsisTrade Review"The authors conclude that the euro, in particular, will play a more consequential role in international reserves relative to the US dollar, while China’s renminbi will be slower to achieve acceptance."---Ian McLennan, Spear's Magazine"A readable and timely book." * Finance & Development *"How Global Currencies Work is an ambitious title that delivers fascinating analysis on the rise and fall of international currencies in the 20th century with some educated suggestions about their trajectories in the 21st."---Christopher Smart, Project Syndicate"The book gives readers an excellent introduction to the history of international reserve currencies over the past two centuries. . . . For those involved, whether at a national or international level, in government or in financial institutions, it will make compulsory reading."---Richard Parlour, Central Banking Journal"This volume offers a thrilling history of global finance over the past two centuries. It is very well written, marshals extensive new data and provides fascinating new insight into how global currencies work."---Ivo Maes, History of Economic Ideas

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Book SynopsisLooking at how armies supportive of democracy are built, this title argues that the military is the important institution that states maintain, for without military elites who support democratic governance, democracy cannot be consolidated. It demonstrates that building democratic armies is the quintessential task of democratizing regimes.Trade ReviewOne of Choice's Outstanding Academic Titles for 2013 "This is an important work on militaries in newly democratizing regimes. The scope of the work is impressive... The topic of democratization of militaries is ... very important, and the remarkable breadth of the work will make it an essential handbook."--Choice "The Soldier and the Changing State is very useful reading for democracy scholars and practitioners. It lives up to its title, and it may even displace Huntington's classic as the first stop for those seeking to understand democratic civil-military relations today."--Harold A. Trinkunas, Journal of Democracy "The Soldier and the Changing State is an extraordinary book in both senses of that word, simultaneously remarkable and rare... The Soldier and the Changing State will probably be most widely read among specialists of civil-military relations, who will learn a great deal from the case studies in particular. But it should also find a considerable audience among democratization scholars. The book neither offers up a new theory of regime change nor tests existing theories, but there is no better general historical treatment of the ways in which civil-military relations influence the transition process in countries around the world."--Brian D. Taylor, Comparative Politics "The Soldier and the Changing State will probably be most widely read among specialists of civil-military relations, who will learn a great deal from the case studies in particular. But it should also find a considerable audience among democratization scholars. The book neither offers up a new theory of regime change nor tests existing theories, but there is no better general historical treatment of the ways in which civil-military relations influence the transition process in countries around the world."--Brian D. Taylor, Perspectives on Politics "Too often are military institutions and the threat they pose to democratic consolidation ignored. The Soldier and the Changing State provides a necessary corrective to this oversight by directly tackling the many challenges of building democratic militaries. Barany's work should thus inspire a new research agenda within the democratization field."--Kristen A. Harkness, Political Science QuarterlyTable of ContentsAcknowledgments ix Introduction 1 Chapter 1 What Does a Democratic Army Look Like? 14 BUILDING DEMOCRATIC ARMIES After War Chapter 2 After World War II: Germany, Japan, and Hungary 47 Chapter 3 After Civil War: Bosnia and Herzegovina, El Salvador, and Lebanon 78 After Regime Change Chapter 4 After Military Rule in Europe: Spain, Portugal, and Greece 113 Chapter 5 After Military Rule in Latin America: Argentina, Chile, and Guatemala 143 Chapter 6 After Military Rule in Asia: South Korea, Thailand, and Indonesia 178 Chapter 7 After State-Socialism in Europe: Slovenia, Russia, and Romania 212 After State Transformation Chapter 8 After Colonial Rule in Asia: India, Pakistan, and Bangladesh 245 Chapter 9 After Colonial Rule in Africa: Ghana, Tanzania, and Botswana 275 Chapter 10 After (Re)Unification and Apartheid: Germany, South Africa, and Yemen 303 Conclusion 339 Notes 359 Bibliography 409 Index 443

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Book SynopsisThe third edition of Global Politics: A New Introduction continues to provide a completely original way of teaching and learning about world politics. The book engages directly with the issues in global politics that students are most interested in, helping them to understand the key questions and theories and also to develop a critical and inquiring perspective.Completely revised and updated throughout, the third edition offers up-to-date examples engaging with the latest developments in global politics, including the Syrian war and the refugee crisis, fossil fuel divestment, racism and Black Lives Matter, citizen journalism, populism, and drone warfare.Global Politics: examines the most significant issues in global politics from war, peacebuilding, terrorism, security, violence, nationalism and authority to poverty, development, postcolonialism, human rights, gender, inequality, ethnicity and what we can do to change the world; Trade Review"I recently read Global Politics: A New Introduction - I loved how each chapter asks a question before provoking offshoots of more questions departing from the first. I also enjoyed the real life scenarios, and the chance to understand the responses to these scenarios and to think about the questions raised within the chapter in relation to each scenario. I loved how you take complex ideas and theories and make them appear so simple and understandable." - Sabur Zeenat, Masters student at Leicester University, UK "This is the book that gets students reading, thinking and talking! It poses the questions central to the practices of global politics and pushes the boundaries of how we understand those processes. Crucially it encourages us to rethink about what constitutes the 'global' and what 'politics' involves." - Stephen Hobden, University of East London, UK "I have been using this book for undergraduate teaching since the first edition was published. This newest edition has made a good thing even better. Using up-to-date illustrative examples, the chapters offer theoretically-rich, innovative yet accessible introductions to key ideas in the study of global politics. This remarkable volume goes beyond the familiar stories about International Relations, challenging students to think critically not only about the answers, but about the questions we ask about the way the world works." - Fiona Robinson, Carleton University, Canada. "What counts as global politics? Whose lives matter? How are you involved? Edkins & Zehfuss powerfully illustrate that there are no easy answers and that details are important. Every once in a while a book changes the way we see people, places, and practices around us; the third edition of Global Politics: A New Introduction is one of those rare experiences" - Nick Vaughan-Williams, University of Warwick, UK. "Global Politics’ is the only IR textbook that works outside of the West. Having taught at international universities in Asia and the Middle East, I have seen first-hand how warmly it is received by students from Afghanistan, Bangladesh, Bhutan, Pakistan, Palestine, Syria, Myanmar, India, China and Japan, among others. This book engages with issues students care about and forces them to think outside of the sanitized and safe box of Western IR theories." - Herman T. Salton, ICU University, Japan Table of Contents1 Introduction 2 How do we begin to think about the world? 3 What happens if we don’t take nature for granted? 4 Can we save the planet? 5 Who do we think we are? 6 How do religious beliefs affect politics? 7 Why do we obey? 8 How do we find out what’s going on in the world? 9 How does the way we use the Internet make a difference? 10 Why is people’s movement restricted? 11 Why is the world divided territorially? 12 How do people come to identify with nations? 13 Does the nation-state work? 14 Is democracy a good idea? 15 Do colonialism and slavery belong to the past? 16 How does colonialism work? 17 How is the world organized economically? 18 How does finance affect the politics of everyday life? 19 Why are some people better off than others? 20 How can we end poverty? 21 Why do some people think they know what is good for others? 22 Why does politics turn to violence? 23 What makes the world dangerous? 24 Can we move beyond conflict? 25 Who has rights? 26 Conclusion: What can we do to change the world?

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Book SynopsisDissects the events of 1986 at the height of the Reagan Era and describes American involvement in acts of supreme state terror.Trade Review'Infused with the anger of a truly moral man ... powerful, always provocative stuff.' -- GuardianTable of ContentsPreface to the 2015 Edition Preface Introduction: The Public and State Violence Part I: The Scandals of 1986 1. The Challenge 2. The Cultural-Historical Context 3. The Problems of Clandestine Terrorism 4. The Limits of Scandal 5. The Culture of Terrorism 6. Damage Control 7. The Perils of Diplomacy 8. The Reality That Must be Effaced: Iran and Nicaragua Part II: Further Successes of the Reagan Administration 9. Accelerating the Race toward Destruction 10. Controlling 'Enemy Territory' 11. Freedom of Expression in the Free World Part III: The Current Agenda 12. The Threat of a Good Example 13. The Fledgling Democracies 14. Restoring Regional Standards 15. Standards for Ourselves 16. Prospects Notes Index

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Book SynopsisIn Chinese Economic Statecraft, William J. Norris introduces an innovative theory that pinpoints how states employ economic tools of national power to pursue their strategic objectives. Norris shows what Chinese economic statecraft is, how it works, and why it is more or less effective.Trade ReviewAn impressive scholarly addition to our study of the contemporary Chinese foreign policy. It should be of great interest to both China Studies scholars as well as anyone interested in foreign policy analysis and international political economy. * Journal of Chinese Political Science *Norris’ new book is one of the first to focus on Chinese state-directed economic activities and their political effectiveness.... Norris sets a very ambitious research objective by not only selecting and examining seven extremely different cases, but also trying to build a new analytical framework based on principal-agent theory. * PERSPECTIVES ON POLITICS *Table of ContentsPart I ON ECONOMIC STATECRAFT 1. What Is Economic Statecraft? 2. The Challenge of State Control 3. Economics and China's Grand Strategy Part II SECURING STRATEGIC RAW MATERIALS 4. "Going Out" and China’s Search for Energy Security 5. Rio Tinto and the (In)visible Hand of the State Part III CROSS-STRAIT ECONOMIC STATECRAFT 6. Coercive Leverage across the Taiwan Strait 7. Interest Transformation across the Taiwan Strait Part IV CHINA’S SOVEREIGN WEALTH FUNDS 8. State Administration of Foreign Exchange 9. What Right Looks Like 10. The China Investment Corporation Concluding Implications

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Book SynopsisThe atlas of contemporary capitalism is curious indeed. A desperately poor and civil-war-wracked nation, Liberia, is the world's shipping superpower; the Cayman Islands the fifth-largest financial center in the world; land-locked Zurich a venerable...Trade Review"What is the offshore world? When and why did it develop? Who supported its development? Where and how does it operate? How important is it in international commerce and finance today? To find answers to those questions, Palan (International relations and politics, Univ. of Sussex, UK) examines the offshore phenomenon in a broad sense of social and economic change. . . . Summing Up: Recommended. Graduate and Research Collections."—Choice, Dec. 2003."This practice of sovereign bifurcation, by which states divide their sovereign space into heavily and lightly regulated realms, suggests a radical redrawing of state boundaries and an important transformation in the nature of sovereignty and the relationship between state and capitalism. Offshore may be at the very heart of the transformation of modern politics: is it the beginning of 'postglobalization?'"—Future Survey 26:1, January 2004"Ronen Palan asks bold, provocative questions regarding the relationship between sovereignty and the offshore economy and its relevance to state formation, globalization, and the fate of the nation-state. The 'commercialization of sovereignty' is a very effective underlying theme."—Peter Andreas, Brown University"The Offshore World explores the important concept of 'offshore' with a high level of detail and theoretical sophistication. Ronen Palan illuminates aspects of state sovereignty that have not been fully described elsewhere. This book will extend our understanding of how contemporary international society emerged over the last century, while providing insight into how concepts like 'offshore' reshape our thinking about economic phenomena."—Peter Dombrowski, The Naval War College"The Offshore World is a subtle and intriguing look at one of the global economy's most prominent features."—Debora Spar, Harvard Business School

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Book SynopsisShe concludes that while globalization may exacerbate such conflicts, it can ultimately lead to social change.Trade ReviewBrilliant and richly informative... This book deserves to become a standard text in courses on cultural globalization and the cultural politics of gender. -- Richard A. Shweder Amici 2003 Boyle uses qualitative and quantitative data at the international, national, and individual levels to demonstrate the complexities and conflict around changing institutionalized cultural practices such as female genital cutting. In doing so, Boyle provides both an in-depth understanding of anti-female genital cutting efforts, and a unique multilevel approach to evaluating global cultural conflict. -- Kammi Schmeer Social Forces Challenging and insightful. It raises many important questions in the perspectives of the international system, governments, and individuals. -- Evelyne Accad H-Gender-MidEast, H-Net Reviews 2004 Boyle has provided the reader with smart, complex, and sophisticated arguments about the contradictions and politics of global culture. I highly recommend it. -- Stanlie M. James African Studies Review 2004 A strong sociological analysis of institutional interaction around a controversial issue. -- Zachary Androus International Journal of Human Rights 2005 A helpful and balanced synthesis of the laws, policies and literature regarding a highly controversial topic, as well as insight into international institutional dynamics. -- Christine J. Walley Modern African Studies 2005Table of ContentsContents:PrefaceONE IntroductionTWO Understanding Female Genital CuttingTHREE The Evolution of Debates over Female Genital CuttingFOUR International MobilizationFIVE The Diffusion of National Policies against Female Genital CuttingSIX Variation in the Meanings of National PoliciesSEVEN Individual Response: A Clash of Alternative Meaning SystemsEIGHT Individual Frame Resonance: Explanations for Opposing Female Genital CuttingNINE ConclusionNotesReferencesIndex

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Book SynopsisIs one person''s terrorist another''s freedom fighter? Is terrorism crime or war? Can there be a ''War on Terror''? For many, the terrorist attacks of September 2001 changed the face of the world, pushing terrorism to the top of political agendas, and leading to a series of world events including the war in Iraq and the invasion of Afghanistan. The recent terror attacks in various European cities have shown that terrorism remains a crucial issue today. Charting a clear path through the efforts to understand and explain modern terrorism, Charles Townshend examines the historical, ideological, and local roots of terrorist violence.Starting from the question of why terrorists find it so easy to seize public attention, this new edition analyses the emergence of terrorism as a political strategy, and discusses the objectives which have been pursued by users of this strategy from French revolutionaries to Islamic jihadists. Considering the kinds of groups and individuals who adopt terrorism, Townshend discusses the emergence of ISIS and the upsurge in individual suicide action, and explores the issues involved in finding a proportionate response to the threat they present, particularly by liberal democratic societies. Analysing the growing use of knives and other edged weapons in attacks, and the issue of ''cyberterror'', Townshend details the use of counterterrorist measures, from control orders to drone strikes, including the Belgian and French responses to the Brussels, Paris, Nice, and Rouen attacks.ABOUT THE SERIES: The Very Short Introductions series from Oxford University Press contains hundreds of titles in almost every subject area. These pocket-sized books are the perfect way to get ahead in a new subject quickly. Our expert authors combine facts, analysis, perspective, new ideas, and enthusiasm to make interesting and challenging topics highly readable.Trade ReviewA brilliant and incisive analysis of a major subject. * Richard English, Author of Does Terrorism Work? A History *Table of Contents1: The trouble with terrorism 2: Crusaders and conspirators 3: The reign of terror 4: Revolutionary terrorism 5: Nationalism and terror 6: Religious terror 7: Countering terrorism References Further Reading Index

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Book SynopsisThis updated edition of Secret Affairs covers the momentous events of the past year in the Middle East and at home in the UK. It reveals the unreported attempts by Britain to cultivate relations with the Muslim Brotherhood in Egypt after the fall of Mubarak, the military intervention on the side of Libyan rebel forces which include pro-al-Qaeda elements, and the ongoing reliance on the region's ultimate fundamentalist state, Saudi Arabia, to safeguard its interest in the Middle East. It illuminates path of Salman Abedi, the bomber who attacked Manchester in May 2017, and his terror network: how he fought in Libya in 2011 as part of a group of fighters which the UK allowed to leave the country to go and battle against Gadafi to topple him. In this ground-breaking book, Mark Curtis reveals the covert history of British collusion with radical Islamic and terrorist groups. Secret Affairs shows how governments since the 1940s have connived with militant forces to control oil resources and overthrow governments. The story of how Britain has helped nurture the rise of global terrorism has never been told.Trade ReviewAs much of history is appropriated by the media and we are beckoned into an era of endless war, this superb book could not be more timely. Sensational in the best sense, it examines the darkest corners of the imperial past to reveal the truth behind today's news -- John PilgerUnearthing this largely hidden history is a contribution of the highest significance, and could hardly be more timely. -- Noam ChomskyThis valuable and important book by Mark Curtis, the result of painstaking and extensive research into declassified files on British policy towards the Islamic world over the last half century, presents a far more accurate and balanced picture than the shallow simplicities fed by Bush?s so-called war on terror. It shows in extensive detail how Britain and the US have repeatedly sided with radical Islamic forces in the Middle East and elsewhere as counterweights to check the rise of nationalism, as shock troops to bring about pro-Western regime change, and as proxies to fight wars against the West?s enemies. There is no war between civilizations (Bush), no Manichaean struggle between the good and evil forces of Islam (Blair), rather the ever-present serpentine thread of shifting alliances to maintain British control of key energy resources and Britain?s place in a pro-Western global financial order centred on Saudi Arabia. This is a fascinating account which can change outlooks and deepen comprehension of a hugely misunderstood drama, and it should be compelling reading before any further Middle East wars are set in train. -- Michael Meacher, MPSecret Affairs deserves to become a key reference point in the debate over terrorism and Middle East policy * Metro *a work of great importance and sobering conclusions * Tribune *enthralling, encyclopedic and damning * Chartist *Gripping stuff * Sunday Business Post *In a world full of Western government-created propaganda, Secret Affairs is absolutely essential reading for anyone who wishes to understand the reality of Britain foreign policy. -- Ian Sinclair * Morning Star *

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Book SynopsisThe early decades of the Cold War presented seemingly boundless opportunity for the construction of "laboratories" of American society abroad: microcosms where experts could scale down problems of geopolitics to manageable size, and where locals could be systematically directed toward American visions of capitalist modernity. Among the most critical tools in the U.S.'s ideological arsenal was modernization theory, and Turkey emerged as a vital test case for the construction and validation of developmental thought and practice. With this book, Begüm Adalet reveals how Turkey became both the archetypal model of modernization and an active partner for its enactment. Through her analysis of the flow of aid money and expertise between the U.S. and Turkey, the planning of the American-funded Turkish highway network, and the development of the Turkish tourism industry, Adalet also highlights how "problems of knowledge" are fundamentally entwined with "problems of the political order": social scientific theories are produced in material spaces, through uncertain encounters between transnational actors and policy networks. In tracking the growth and transmission of modernization as a theory and in practice in Turkey, Hotels and Highways offers not only a specific history of a postwar development model that continues to influence our world, but a widely relevant consideration of how theoretical debates take shape in concrete situations.Trade Review"Hotels and Highways tells an absorbing story—from accounts of the modernization theorists' favorite research methods and the significant role Turkish intellectuals played in mutually shaping modernization theory itself, to the physical manifestations of their theories in infrastructures of modern capitalism in Turkey. A rich and fascinating account of how modernization theory came to Turkey." -- Laleh Khalili * University of London *"Hotels and Highways gives a clear understanding how U.S. hegemony was conceived and implemented in the aftermath of World War II and how thorough and decisive was its domination in Turkey and other similar places. Anybody interested in twentieth century experiences of modernity and U.S. power in the Middle East will need to read this book." -- Reşat Kasaba * University of Washington *"A brilliant history of the idea of modernization in the postwar period. By studying the projects and places in which concepts were shaped, Begüm Adalet opens a new perspective on twentieth-century political thought." -- Timothy Mitchell * Columbia University *"Adalet's deeply researched work regards modernization theory...as shaping the "central components" of US Cold War policy in the region. Wide-ranging chapters deal with modernization theory, sociological methods (e.g., survey research), and the role of highways and hotels in shaping modern Turkey. While the term "modernization" seems one more academic theory, Adalet sees it as a tool in the US political tool kit. On multiple levels, this is an important study of how the link of "theory" to "practice" serves key political interests. Must reading across several disciplines." -- H. Steck * Choice *"At first sight,Hotels and Highwaysappears to be a work of architectural history, urban studies, and infrastructural geography. But it goes beyond strict disciplinary fields, presenting important insights from the perspective of political science...[W]hat makesHotels and Highwaysan outstanding work is its critical take on the topic and its focus on knowledge production through the perspective of science and technology studies."––Husik Ghulyan, H-Socialisms"Hotels and Highways is a leap in scholarship on Turkey, with its sound exploration of American imperialism's modernization endeavors in Turkey during the Cold War. In addition to this, Adalet's book is also an exciting call for new study areas in order to understand the second half of the twentieth century in Turkey, and the Middle East."––Ilker Hepkaner, EuropeNow"By scrupulously recognizing the agency of multiple actors and reinstating perspectives that were deliberately erased or omitted from the record, Adalet demonstrates how intersections of theory with conditions on the ground produced myriad consequences that were often unpredictable and, at times, undesirable....[She] writes with lucidity and an economy of language that conveys much subtlety in few words, making this an eminently accessible book for a broad range of audiences." -- Zeynep Kezer * Traditional Dwellings and Settlements Review *"[Hotels and Highways] is an empirically rich discussion of the negotiations and translations involved when concepts, ideas and theories travel and/or are translated into different contexts." -- Zeynep Gülşah Çapan * E-International Relations *Table of ContentsContents and AbstractsIntroduction chapter abstractThis chapter outlines how American scholars, experts, and policy makers treated Turkey as a model and laboratory of modernization theory during the early phases of the Cold War. It introduces the social scientific and infrastructural measures that contributed to the production and enactment of modernization in the postwar Turkish landscape. These measures included large-scale survey research, the extension of a highway network, and the jump-starting of the tourism industry with Truman Doctrine and Marshall Plan funds. The chapter discusses the unintended consequences of developmental thought and practice, such as the resistance of recipient subjects and anxieties and hesitations on the part of practitioners. It situates the book in the literature on global histories of development and concludes with a commentary on the archives and methodology employed in the project. It also provides a chapter outline. 1Beastly Politics: Dankwart Rustow and the Turkish Model of Modernization chapter abstractThis chapter traces the emergence of modernization theory and its Turkish archetype by drawing on the published work and private papers of political scientist Dankwart Rustow. Rustow was a seminal but hesitant participant in academic and policy circles during the Cold War. The chapter proceeds by analyzing Rustow's engagements with the Committee on Comparative Politics of the Social Science Research Council, the Council on Foreign Relations, and the political science faculty at Ankara University. His travels between these institutions underscore the transnational linkages of American social science and policy making as well as the anxieties of those who benefited from the circuits of funding that joined academic centers, government agencies, and private foundations. 2Questions of Modernization: Empathy and Survey Research chapter abstractThis chapter examines survey research as an experiment that occasioned the enactment of modernization theory, with a focus on the work of sociologist Daniel Lerner, and of other research that was funded by organizations like the Voice of America, the US Agency for International Development, and the Turkish State Planning Organization. These studies, which were conducted to measure and record the attitudes of peasants, students, and administrators in Turkey in the postwar period, were also efforts to create modern subjects; the interview setting in fact was designed to produce the forms of subjectivity and interpersonal relations articulated and idealized by modernization theory. Drawing on responses from the original questionnaires as well as from interviewers' unpublished commentaries, the chapter also shows how the dissemination of survey methodology and attendant theories of modernization were derailed by skeptical respondents and disorderly interviewer behavior. 3Material Encounters: Experts, Reports, and Machines chapter abstractThis chapter examines the American-funded and -planned Turkish highway network in the immediate aftermath of World War II by focusing on the interactions between the US Bureau of Public Roads, the Turkish Directorate of Highways, and the Economic Cooperation Administration. It shows how the arrival of American aid, experts, and machinery was expected to instigate modernization in administrative and mechanical terms by acquainting the new highway organization and its civil engineers with rational methods of record keeping, time management, and machine maintenance. The location of highways, the circulation of reports, and the labeling of roadbuilding equipment were material sites where the agencies competed over the management of the Turkish economy and staked out their claims to authority and visibility. The chapter concludes by drawing attention to the personal and intimate dimensions of expertise that are otherwise often occluded by its technical and political aspects. 4"It's Not Yours If You Can't Get There": Modern Roads, Mobile Subjects chapter abstractThis chapter situates the US-funded highway program in a longer history of mobility management in Turkey, including policies of land reform and forced migration and settlement. Turkish and American social scientists, experts, and officials construed the provision of roads to the countryside as a civilizational necessity, one that would cultivate the ability for individual mobility. Developers believed that roads would grant access to remote areas populated by Kurdish minorities and that highways would shrink distances between different parts of the country, allowing its subjects to participate in a shared national space and economy. Although the experts and policy makers aimed to produce the conditions and subjects of individual economic and political rights, their projects in fact ended up enabling new critiques of inequality. 5The Innkeepers of Peace: Hospitality and the Istanbul Hilton chapter abstractThis chapter chronicles the efforts to develop a tourism industry in Turkey in the aftermath of World War II, with a focus on the design and construction of the Istanbul Hilton Hotel, which was financed by the Turkish Pension Funds and the Marshall Plan. The actors involved in the creation of the hotel alternately framed it as a bulwark against the threatening march of Communism and the signifier of a hospitable mindset, an attitude considered to be a necessary corollary to modernization. The chapter examines episodes that undermined the hotel's status as a showcase for American modernism, focusing on how local architects and politicians protested the hotel's role in the proliferation of the corporate International style, the incursion of foreign capital, and the expropriation of a public park. Conclusion chapter abstractThis chapter traces the continuing effects of modernization theory in the 2003 invasion of Iraq and the subsequent projects for its reconstruction, which once again brought together social scientists and experts who staged ideological and political battles to shape the attitudes and beliefs of their targets. It also discusses the resurgence of the Turkish model of modernization and democracy in the context of the Arab uprisings, highlighting the roots of this failed trope in the projects of social scientists, policy makers, and experts of the early Cold War period.

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Book SynopsisAn outspoken opponent of pro-Russian, authoritarian, and far-right streams in contemporary Czech society, Martin C. Putna received a great deal of media attention when he ironically dedicated the Czech edition of Rus–Ukraine–Russia to Miloš Zeman—the pro-Russian president of the Czech Republic. This sense of irony, combined with an extraordinary breadth of scholarly knowledge, infuses Putna’s book.Examining key points in Russian cultural and spiritual history, Rus–Ukraine–Russia is essential reading for those wishing to understand the current state of Russia and Ukraine—the so-called heir to an “alternative Russia.” Putna uses literary and artistic works to offer a rich analysis of Russia as a cultural and religious phenomenon: tracing its development from the arrival of the Greeks in prehistoric Crimea to its invasion by “little green men” in 2014; explaining the cultural importance in Russ of the Vikings as well as Pussy Riot; exploring central Russian figures from St. Vladimir the Great to Vladimir Putin.Unique in its postcolonial perspective, this is not merely a history of Russia or of Russian religion. This book presents Russia as a complex mesh of national, religious, and cultural (especially countercultural) traditions—with strong German, Mongol, Jewish, Catholic, Polish, and Lithuanian influences—a force responsible for creating what we identify as Eastern Europe.Trade Review“Finally a book on the development of Russian spirituality arising from extensive knowledge and a deep understanding of Russian history. In an era where many speak and write about the politics of Russia, be it positively or negatively, studying the roots is vital.” -- Karel, Prince of Schwarzenberg, former Czech Minister of Foreign Affairs * on the Czech edition *“An ideal textbook for diplomats and politicians.” -- Martin Bedrich, managing editor of "Salve" * on the Czech edition *“A fascinating examination of Russian history with unrivaled connections to culture and religion. It explores the eternal struggle between East and West, between patriotism and religious devotion—forces upwelling under Putin’s rule today.” * Respekt Magazine, Books to Buy column, on the Czech edition *

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Book SynopsisAsad Durrani served as a three star general in the Pakistan army, and later headed the Inter-Services Intelligence agency from 1990 to 1992. His time in service encompassed the Soviet Union’s withdrawal from Afghanistan and dissolution; shifting regional and international alliances, particularly with the US; and contending with India’s economic recovery. On the home front, Pakistan passed through a transition from military rule to a democratic order. As an intelligence chief, General Durrani dealt with many critical issues at home and abroad. Here he reflects on his time in office -- refined by distance and by diplomatic stints in Germany and Saudi Arabia, his assessment of the challenges faced by Pakistan in the last decades is both novel and informed. Though critical of the country’s civil and military leadership -- also conceding some of his own flaws -- he argues that the real causes of Pakistan’s travails differ from what international observers have come to believe. This insightful book concludes by offering new perspectives on Saudi involvement in and reaction to 9/11 and on the Kingdom's shifting foreign policy goals following the 2003 invasion of Iraq.Trade Review'Author, diplomat, soldier, spy: Lieutenant General Asad Durrani has been it all. This is an unprecedented memoir, the first by a Director-General of the ISI, providing an outstanding and candid insight into the political intrigues of Pakistan and the region.' -- A.S. Dulat'With dry wit, Asad Durrani provides an illuminating glimpse into the world of Pakistan's "establishment". The insight that much bloodshed can result from petty human interactions at the highest levels is well worth pondering.' -- Barnett Rubin'A deep insight into Pakistan's political power game. Highly recommended.' -- Zahid Hussain'A fascinating and courageous account of contemporary Pakistan packed with rare insights.' -- Happymon Jacob'Durrani’s combination of memoir and reflection is among the most important works to have emerged from the Pakistani Army since independence. Its dry wit and wealth of anecdote also make it a pleasure to read.' -- Anatol Lieven, author of 'Pakistan: A Hard Country'

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Book SynopsisTrade Review"Winner of the Immanuel Wallerstein Memorial Book Award, Political Economy of the World-System Section of the American Sociological Association""Roos has given us a thought-provoking book that will repay the investment of any reader with an interest in sovereign debt."---Michael Reddell, Central Banking Journal"[A] fresh and painstakingly researched approach that raises vital questions for economists, political scientists and policymakers."---Aleksandr V. Gevorkyan, LSE Review of Books"[A] timely and thoroughly researched book—destined to become an obligatory reference in the field."---Veronica Santarosa, Journal of Economic History"[I've] been reading Why Not Default? at an excruciating pace for the best reason: every page or so I get inspired some subtheme or footnote and go off chasing it down."---Quinn Slobodian"Roos makes a powerful and provocative argument." * Survival: Global Politics and Strategy *"A fantastic contribution to the growing literature on sovereign debt. . . . Why Not Default? will be a mandatory reference for scholars working on financialization, debt, and structural power."---José Tomás Labarca, Finance and Society"[Why Not Default?] does a great service . . . by synthesizing a huge amount of detailed information about these crises in one place, and by clarifying the interlocking effects of a host of social, economic and political changes over the past century."---Shaina Potts, Antipode

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