International economics Books

Book SynopsisSubsidies and countervail have been the subject of much attention in recent decades. In this book, the editors have selected seminal contributions to the literature on the economics of subsidies and countervailing duties in international trade, their role in trade agreements and their treatment in the GATT/WTO system. Table of ContentsContents: Acknowledgements Introduction Marc Bacchetta and Michele Ruta PART I THE ECONOMICS OF SUBSIDIES AND COUNTERVAILING DUTIES A The Economics of Subsidies in Open Economy: Production Subsidies 1. Jagdish Bhagwati and V.K. Ramaswami (1963) ‘Domestic Distortions, Tariffs and the Theory of Optimum Subsidy’ 2. Harry G. Johnson (1965), ‘Optimal Trade Intervention in the Presence of Domestic Distortions’ B The Economics of Subsidies in Open Economy: Export Subsidies 3. James A. Brander and Barbara J. Spencer (1985), ‘Export Subsidies and International Market Share Rivalry’ 4. Avinash Dixit (1984), ‘International Trade Policy for Oligopolistic Industries’ 5. Jonathan Eaton and Gene M. Grossman (1986), ‘Optimal Trade and Industrial Policy Under Oligopoly’ 6. Giovanni Maggi (1996), ‘Strategic Trade Policies with Endogenous Mode of Competition’ 7. Gene M. Grossman and Henrik Horn (1988), ‘Infant-Industry Protection Reconsidered: The Case of Informational Barriers to Entry’ 8. Kyle Bagwell and Robert W. Staiger (1989), ‘The Role of Export Subsidies When Product Quality is Unknown’ 9. Horst Raff and Young-Han Kim (1999), ‘Optimal Export Policy in the Presence of Informational Barriers to Entry and Imperfect Competition’ C The Economics of Subsidies in Open Economy: Subsidies to R&D 10. Barbara J. Spencer and James A. Brander (1983), ‘International R&D Rivalry and Industrial Strategy’ 11. Kyle Bagwell and Robert W. Staiger (1994), ‘The Sensitivity of Strategic and Corrective R&D Policy in Oligopolistic Industries’ 12. Dermot Leahy and J. Peter Neary (1999), ‘R&D Spillovers and the Case for Industry Policy in an Open Economy’ D The Economics of Countervailing Duties: Countervailing Duties When Markets Are Perfect 13. Alan O. Sykes (1989), ‘Countervailing Duty Law: An Economic Perspective’ 14. Robert C. Feenstra (1986), ‘Trade Policy with Several Goods and “Market Linkages”’ E The Economics of Countervailing Duties: Countervailing Duties with Market Imperfections 15. Barbara J. Spencer (1988), ‘Capital Subsidies and Countervailing Duties in Oligopolistic Industries’ 16. Barbara J. Spencer (1988), ‘Countervailing Duty Laws and Subsidies to Imperfectly Competitive Industries’ 17. David R. Collie (1991), ‘Export Subsidies and Countervailing Tariffs’ 18. David R. Collie (1994), ‘Endogenous Timing in Trade Policy Games: Should Governments Use Countervailing Duties?’ 19. Larry D. Qiu (1995), ‘Why Can’t Countervailing Duties Deter Export Subsidization?’ F Empirical Analysis: The Effects of Subsidies 20. Dani Rodrik (1995), ‘Taking Trade Policy Seriously: Export Subsidization as a Case Study in Policy Effectiveness’ 21. Douglas A. Irwin and Nina Pavcnik (2004), ‘Airbus versus Boeing Revisited: International Competition in the Aircraft Market’ G Empirical Analysis: The Effects of Countervailing Measures 22. J.M. Finger, H. Keith Hall and Douglas R. Nelson (1982), ‘The Political Economy of Administered Protection’ 23. Wendy L. Hansen (1990), ‘The International Trade Commission and the Politics of Protectionism’ 24. Michael P. Leidy (1997), ‘Macroeconomic Conditions and Pressures for Protection Under Antidumping and Countervailing Duty Laws: Empirical Evidence from the United States’ 25. Michael P. Gallaway, Bruce A. Blonigen and Joseph E. Flynn (1999), ‘Welfare Costs of the U.S. Antidumping and Countervailing Duty Laws’ PART II LAW AND ECONOMICS OF WTO SUBSIDY AND COUNTERVAILING DISCIPLINES A Institutions and History 26. John H. Jackson (1997), ‘The Perplexities of Subsidies in International Trade’ 27. Alan O. Sykes (2005), ‘Subsidies and Countervailing Measures’ 28. Gilles Gauthier, Erin O’Brien and Susan Spencer (2000), ‘Déjà Vu, or New Beginning for Safeguards and Subsidies Rules in Services Trade?’ B The Economics of Subsidy Agreements: Subsidy Agreements 29. Kyle Bagwell and Robert W. Staiger (2002), ‘Agricultural Export Subsidies’ 30. Dermot Leahy and J. Peter Neary (2009), ‘Multilateral Subsidy Games’ C The Economics of Subsidy Agreements: Subsidy Rules in Trade Agreements 31. Kyle Bagwell and Robert W. Staiger (2006), ‘Will International Rules on Subsidies Disrupt the World Trading System?’ 32. Henrik Horn, Giovanni Maggi and Robert W. Staiger (2010), ‘Trade Agreements as Endogenously Incomplete Contracts’ D The Economics of Subsidy Agreements: Countervailing Disciplines in Trade Agreements 33. Gene M. Grossman and Petros C. Mavroidis (2003), ‘US – Lead and Bismuth II United States – Imposition of Countervailing Duties on Certain Hot-Rolled Lead and Bismuth Carbon Steel Products Originating in the United Kingdom: Here Today, Gone Tomorrow? Privatization and the Injury Caused by Non-Recurring Subsidies (WT/DS138; DSR 2000:V, 2595; DSR 2000:VI, 2623)’ 34. Henrik Horn and Petros C. Mavroidis (2003), ‘United States – Preliminary Determinations with Respect to Certain Softwood Lumber from Canada (WT/DS236; DSR 2002:IX, 3597): What Is a Subsidy?’ PART III AN ECONOMIC PERSPECTIVE ON WTO CASE LAW 35. Merit E. Janow and Robert W. Staiger (2003), ‘Canada – Dairy Canada – Measures Affecting the Importation of Dairy Products and the Exportation of Milk (WT/DS113; WT/DS103; DSR 1999:V, 2057, DSR 1999:VI, 2097; DSR 2001:XIII, 6829; DSR 2001:XIII, 6865; DSR 2003:I, 213; DSR 2003:I, 255)’ 36. Andre Sapir and Joel P. Trachtman (2008), ‘Subsidization, Price Suppression, and Expertise: Causation and Precision in Upland Cotton’ 37. Gene M. Grossman and Petros C. Mavroidis (2003), ‘United States – Countervailing Measures Concerning Certain Products from the European Communities (WTO Doc. WT/DS212/AB/R; DSR 2003:I, 5; DSR 2003:I, 73): Recurring Misunderstanding of Non-Recurring Subsidies’

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Book SynopsisGlobalization has increased both the heterogeneity and the stakes of bilateral economic relationships. Drawing on recent macroeconomic and microdata studies, Peter A.G. van Bergeijk estimates the impact of market failures and related border effects, exploring under which conditions these can be solved by state visits, export promotion and embassies. The book presents an overview of the general aspects of trade uncertainty, a central element in the analysis of economic diplomacy, illustrating that some instruments, such as sanctions (both positive and negative), increase trade uncertainty, whilst others - multilateral trade policy, for instance - aim to reduce this uncertainty. Commercial policy and bilateral economic diplomacy are explored, and economic sanctions analysed. An extensive review of the literature and empirical investigations of 161 sanctions and the commercial relationships of 37 countries provide topical and empirical perspectives on how international diplomacy may both be a cost and a benefit of the key drivers of productivity growth. Finally, policy conclusions are drawn, and a future research agenda presented.This timely, state-of-the-art treatment of economic diplomacy will be of enormous interest to students, researchers, and academics focussing on international political economy, international economics and public policy. Policy makers will also find much to engage them within this book.Trade Review'This book provides the political flesh to the bones of theoretical and empirical work in international trade. It brings together several recent developments in the literature, including the econometric developments in gravity modelling, the emphasis on firm heterogeneity, and the increased attention for political, institutional and cultural factors as relevant dimensions of distance explaining important parts of observed variations in trade intensities between nation states. The book is highly recommended to applied researchers and policy makers interested in the political economy of globalization.' -- Henri L.F. de Groot, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The NetherlandsTable of ContentsContents: Preface 1. Introduction: New Challenges to Economic Diplomacy Part I: Economic Diplomacy and Trade Uncertainty 2. Trade and Conflict (and Vice Versa) 3. Trade Uncertainty and Trade Disruption Part II: Economic Diplomacy and Commercial Policy 4. Commercial Policy and Economic Diplomacy: Why? 5. The Weight of Bilateral Economic Diplomacy and Commercial Policy Revisited Part III: Economic Statecraft: The Case of Sanctions 6. Failures and … Successes of Economic Sanctions 7. The Expected Utility of Positive and Negative Economic Sanctions Part IV: Policy Conclusions and Further Research 8. An Agenda for Economic and Commercial Diplomacy References Index

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Book SynopsisLike the ancient Roman god Janus, globalization has two faces, one benign and the other malign. In this comprehensive and authoritative book, Dilip K. Das fills a gap in the literature by examining both aspects of the contemporary phase of economic globalization.Because globalization has had both welfare-enhancing, propitious consequences as well as detrimental ones, it has become an acutely contentious subject matter among both scholarly and public policy-making communities. Contemporary globalization cannot be studied without a balanced treatment of both facets. The author provides precisely that, covering large thematic areas of the global economy and globalization through the channels of trade, financial flows, attention to newly emerging trends as well as historical perspective. Neither overly technical nor highly model-oriented, this accessible book will be of great interest to scholars, students and other readers interested in a broad and balanced view of globalization.Table of ContentsContents: Preface 1. Conceptual Globalism and Globalization: An Initiation 2. Winners of Globalization 3. Globalization, that Versatile Villain 4. A Vituperative Anti-Globalization Movement 5. The Smiling Face of Globalization: The Market-Driven Ascent of the Dynamic South Bibliography Index

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Book SynopsisThis highly topical book explores the effects of the current economic crisis on the European Union, and, illustrating that there is no single solution, prescribes the most effective ways of managing this unprecedented period of turbulence. During the current economic crisis, recurring questions on the validity of the liberal economic system have resurfaced concerning the role of the state and the free market, the proactive use of fiscal policies, economic nationalism and environmental sustainability. However, due to the depth and scope of the crisis, new emphasis is being placed on these issues. This book attaches great importance to the specific consequences for the European Union by addressing critical themes surrounding its role in the new era of global economic governance. These include the coherence of common monetary policy with national fiscal policies, new financial regulation and supervision, the future sustainability of national rescue plans and their compatibility with ambitious targets, such as those addressing climate change.Offering important insights towards a much improved system for future economic governance in Europe, this timely book will prove a fascinating read for a wide-ranging audience including academics, students and researchers with an interest in economics, European finance, money and banking, and international economics. Policymakers within those fields will also find the book to be of great interest.Table of ContentsContents: Foreword Introduction 1. Shaping a New World Economic Governance: A Challenge for America and Europe Jacques Mistral 2. Do We Understand It? Forbidden Questions on the Financial Crisis Franco Bruni 3. Concrete Steps Towards More Integrated Financial Oversight: The EU’s Policy Response to the Crisis Karel Lannoo 4. Institutional and Policy Dynamics in the EMU’s Internal Governance and External Representation Daniela Schwarzer 5. EU Fiscal Policy in the Age of Turbulence: Will the Lisbon Strategy Survive It? Carlo Altomonte, Francesco Passarelli and Carlo Secchi 6. Beyond the Current Crisis: How Should Europe Deal with Government Deficits and Public Debt in Future? Fabian Zuleeg and Hans Martens 7. Feeling the Heat: Towards a Revised Governance of Climate Change Antonio Villafranca Index

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Book SynopsisThis volume is the first to provide a comprehensive analysis of the nine environmental and health disputes that have been adjudicated at the WTO since 1995. The investigation concludes that criticism of the WTO has been overstated and, surprisingly, nations do in fact retain sovereignty over environmental and health policy. The disputes explored suggest that the WTO has been able to balance trade, environmental and health objectives. The discussion illuminates the strengths and weaknesses of the dispute resolution process and closes with suggestions for improving it.The Impact of the WTO will appeal not only to academics, be they economists, lawyers, political scientists, and academic libraries, but also practitioners, policymakers, and members of consumer, environmental, and business organizations who follow the debates surrounding the WTO's influence on environmental and health regulations.Trade Review‘The Impact of the WTO is essential to any discussion involving the group and is highly recommended to economics and political science library collections.' -- Midwest Book Review'In this important contribution to the international trade literature, Kelly presents case studies of the nine environmental and health-related disputes settled by the WTO. . . no other publication surveys the important precedent-setting cases within the WTO dispute settlement system. . . All libraries with international trade collections will need this volume. Highly recommended.' -- R.M. Fulton, Choice'Kelly's exhaustively researched and highly informative discussion of the nine WTO disputes involving environmental protection and public health represents an important scholarly contribution. This book is the most detailed and sophisticated analysis of the role of the WTO's dispute mechanisms in addressing an increasingly important and highly controversial category of trade disputes.' -- David Vogel, University of California, Berkeley, US'Does the WTO favor trade at the expense of national sovereignty, the environment and public health, as the critics contend? Or is it a democratic institution that gives all countries a seat at the table for a feast of free trade? Trish Kelly's superb book, The Impact of the WTO is the first careful and comprehensive look at the actual environmental and health disputes adjudicated at the WTO to try to answer this question. Her answers are well-researched, objective and unlikely to fully satisfy either side in this sometimes raucous argument: Kelly concludes that, so far, the WTO has not sacrificed sovereignty, the environment and public health; but looking forward, the poorest countries need more assistance to have greater access to the dispute settlement mechanisms. She also shows that strong political action at the national level is necessary to protect public health and the environment. Though controversial, this book will provide the gold standard of careful analysis on these issues for the foreseeable future.' -- Gerald A. Epstein, University of Massachusetts Amherst, USTable of ContentsContents: 1. Introduction 2. Gasoline 3. Shrimp–turtle 4. Hormones 5. Asbestos 6. Salmon, Apples and Agricultural Products 7. Generic Drugs 8. GMOs 9. Conclusion Index

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Book SynopsisProtectionism is back on the agenda as the financial crisis deepens. With calls for measures that purport to protect low income workers growing louder in the West, it is essential that the economic arguments in favour of free trade and globalization are re-emphasised.Philip Booth and Richard Wellings have brought together key papers originally published by the Institute of Economic Affairs, which, for the past 50 years, has been vigorously defending the case for free trade, and for globalization more generally. These important papers, which are not widely available, trace the development of the debate on the benefits of free trade during the last 50 years.The editors have written an authoritative introduction which offers a comprehensive overview of the arguments for and against globalization.Trade Review‘Deftly co-edited by Philip Booth and Richard Wellings, Globalization and Free Trade is a 713-page compendium consisting of informed and informative essays focused on free trade and the process of economic globalization. . . an indispensable contribution to academic library economics reference collections in general, and supplemental reading lists on the issues of economic globalization in particular.’Table of ContentsContents: Acknowledgements Foreword Deepak Lal Introduction Philip Booth and Richard Wellings 1. Harry G. Johnson (1969), ‘On Demolishing Barriers to Trade’ 2. David Greenaway and Christopher Milner (1979), ‘Identifying The Protective Motive: A. “Electoral” Influences, and B. Intervention and Market Failure’ 3. Deepak Lal ([1983] 1997), ‘Introduction’, ‘The External Environment I: Trade’ and ‘The External Environment II: Commodities and Foreign Capital’ 4. David Greenaway (1988), ‘The Politics of Protection’ 5. Charles Mensah (1991), ‘Economic Freedom for Africa’ 6. Jagdish Bhagwati (1995), ‘Free Trade, “Fairness” and the New Protectionism’ 7. Sir Alan Walters (1996), ‘Does the World Need a World Bank?’ 8. Fred L. Smith, Jr. (1996), ‘Trade and the Environment: Where Are We Going?’ 9. Paul Collier (1998), Living Down the Past: How Europe Can Help Africa Grow 10. David Henderson (1998), ‘Part 2: The Uneasy Trend to Economic Liberalism’ 11. Marcus Noland (1999), The New Protectionists: The Privatisation of US Trade Policy 12. Lord Harris of High Cross (2002), ‘Adam Smith: Revolutionary for the Third Millennium’ 13. Charles W. Calomiris (2002), A Globalist Manifesto for Public Policy: The Tenth Annual IEA Hayek Memorial Lecture 14. Forrest Capie (2002), Capital Controls: A “Cure” Worse than the Problem? 15. Deepak Lal (2003), ‘In Defence of Empires’ 16. Daniel T. Griswold (2003), ‘Migration, Globalisation and the Spirit of Peter Bauer’ 17. Andrew Ryder (2003), ‘Anti-Globalisation: Bad Wine in New Bottles?’ 18. David Henderson (2004), ‘Globalisation, “Civil Society” and “Global Governance”’ and ‘Global Salvationism and Consensus Pressures’ 19. Gerald P. O’Driscoll, Jr. and Sara F. Cooper (2005), ‘International Trade and Global Stability’ 20. E.J. Mishan (2005), ‘Can Globalisation Depress Living Standards in the West?’ 21. John Meadowcroft (2006), ‘Free Trade, “Pauper Labour” and Prosperity: A Reply to Professor Mishan’ 22. E.J. Mishan (2006), ‘A Rejoinder to John Meadowcroft’ 23. Krisztina Kis-Katos and Günther G. Schulze (2005), ‘Regulation of Child Labour’ 24. Jasson Urbach (2007), ‘Development Goes Wireless’ 25. Eamonn Butler (2007), ‘The Wealth of Nations’, in Adam Smith: A Primer’ 26. Philip Booth and Linda Whetstone (2007), ‘Half a Cheer for Fair Trade’ 27. Razeen Sally (2008), Trade Policy, New Century: The WTO, FTAs and Asia Rising Name Index

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Book SynopsisHigher education has entered center-stage in the context of the knowledge economy and has been deployed in the search for economic competitiveness and social development. Against this backdrop, this highly illuminating Handbook explores worldwide convergences and divergences in national higher education systems resulting from increased global co-operation and competition. The expert contributors reveal the strategies, practices and governance mechanisms developed by international and regional organizations, national governments and by higher education institutions themselves. They analyze local responses to dominant global templates of higher education and the consequences for knowledge generation, social equity, economic development and the public good. This comprehensive and accessible Handbook will prove an invaluable reference tool for researchers, academics and students with an interest in higher education from economics, international studies and public policy perspectives, as well as for higher education policy makers, and funding and governance bodies. Contributors include: P. Brown, V. Carpentier, Q. Chen, D.D. Dill, J. Enders, E. Hazelkorn, G.A. Jones, S.G. Kamat, T. Kim, R. King, H. Lauder, Y. Lebeau, M. Li, A. Maldonado-Maldonado, S. Marginson, K.H. Mok, M. Mollis, C. Musselin, R. Naidoo, M. Olssen, M.A. Peters, E. Sall, M. Singh, W.G. Tierney, E. Unterhalter, J. Valimaa, M. van der Wende, J. Weinrib, D. Westerheijden, C. ZigurasTrade Review‘With 29 well-researched articles written by 31 erudite scholars of high repute drawn from various parts of the world, specifically for the book, the Handbook filled with intellectual ammunition provides an excellent reading on a multiplicity of issues relating to globalisation and higher education. The volume provides diversity of interpretation of several trends. Unlike many other books, the issues are studied not just from the point of view of a few advanced countries; the Handbook includes experiences of many developing countries. . . The Handbook would certainly be a great resource material for students, teachers and policy makers engaged in higher education.’ -- Jandhyala B.G. Tilak, Journal of Educational Planning and Administration‘. . . the Handbook constitutes an essential reference source for everyone interested in studying the current meaning, scope and implications of globalization. Strongly recommended.’ -- Higher Education ReviewTable of ContentsContents: Preface PART I: GENERIC 1. Introduction to Part I Simon Marginson 2. Imagining the Global Simon Marginson 3. Rethinking Development: Higher Education and the New Imperialism Rajani Naidoo 4. The University as a Global Institution Peter Scott 5. Three Forms of the Knowledge Economy: Learning, Creativity and Openness Michael A. Peters 6. Global Institutions: The Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development Marijk van der Wende 7. Extra-national Provision Christopher Ziguras 8. Global Institutions, Higher Education and Development Yann Lebeau and Ebrima Sall 9. Globalization, Higher Education and Inequalities: Problems and Prospects Vincent Carpentier and Elaine Unterhalter PART II: CASE STUDIES 10. Introduction to Part II Rajani Naidoo 11. Regional Responses to Globalization Challenges: The Assertion of Soft Power and Changing University Governance in Singapore, Hong Kong and Malaysia Ka Ho Mok 12. Global ‘Toolboxes’, Local ‘Toolmaking’: The Contradictions of External Evaluation in South African Higher Education Reform Mala Singh 13. Globalization and Higher Education in Canada Glen A. Jones and Julian Weinrib 14. Globalization, Internationalization and the World-class University Movement: The China Experience Mei Li and Qiongqiong Chen 15. European Higher Education and the Process of Integration Jussi Välimaa 16. Neoliberal Globalization and Higher Education Policy in India Sangeeta G. Kamat 17. Globalization and Higher Education in South Korea: Towards Ethnocentric Internationalization or Global Commercialization of Higher Education? Terri Kim 18. The Invisible Topics on the Public Agenda for Higher Education in Argentina Marcela Mollis 19. Globalization, a Knowledge-based Regime and Higher Education: Where do Mexican Universities Stand? Alma Maldonado-Maldonado 20. Globalization in the USA: The Case of California William G. Tierney 21. The Strange Death of the Liberal University: Research Assessments and the Impact of Research Mark Olssen PART III: GLOBAL GOVERNANCE 22. Introduction to Part III Roger King 23. Strategizing and Ordering the Global Simon Marginson 24. Governing Knowledge Globally: Science, Structuration and the Open Society Roger King 25. Governing Quality David A. Dill 26. Convergences and Divergences in Steering Higher Education Systems Christine Musselin 27. The Bologna Process: From the National to the Regional to the Global, and Back Jürgen Enders and Don F. Westerheijden 28. The Standardization of Higher Education, Positional Competition and the Global Labor Market Hugh Lauder and Phillip Brown 29. Measuring World-class Excellence and the Global Obsession with Rankings Ellen Hazelkorn Index

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Book SynopsisThe Handbook on the Economics of Conflict conveys how economics can contribute to the understanding of conflict in its various dimensions embracing world wars, regional conflicts, terrorism and the role of peacekeeping in conflict prevention. The economics of conflict is a relatively new branch of the discipline of economics. Conflict provides opportunities for applying game theory involving strategic behaviour, interactions and interdependence between adversaries. The Handbook demonstrates that conflict and its prevention is costly; it considers new dimensions such as ethnic cleansing, destructive power, terrorism, corruption, the impact of new technology, peacekeeping, the role of economists in defence ministries and the use of private contractors in conflict. This unique and comprehensive resource presents a set of original contributions by distinguished experts, providing theoretical, empirical and case-study material. It will prove invaluable for students and researchers interested in defence and peace economics, international relations and strategic studies. Policymakers and defence industry executives will also find this book a fascinating read. Contributors : C. Anderton, S.H. Bae, C.P. Barros, N. Bennett, U. Berkok, L. Bilmes, V. Bove, D. Braddon, J. Bradley, J. Brauer, J. Carter, F. Coulomb, N. Davies, S. Davies, P. Dowdall, J.P. Dunne, A. Gibbons, L.A. Gil-Alana, P. Hall, K. Hartley, J. Hudson, D. Jones, C. Kollisa, S. Markowski, A. Ott, S.M. Paleologou, K. Pittel, I. Ringel, D. Rübbelke, Selami Sezgin, Sennu Sezgin, R. Smith, B. Solomon, J. Stiglitz, A. Tishler, T. Turner, M. Vahabi, V. ZervosTrade Review’Conflict and the need for defense against conventional and nonconventional threats are as important today as they have ever been owing to nuclear proliferation, terrorism, and myriad conflicts. The Handbook offers a new look at many of the key conflict concerns that challenge the world today. The papers are authored by many of the best researchers in the field and is a must read for any policymaker, scholar, or student interested in cutting-edge treatment of these problems.’ -- Todd Sandler, University of Texas at Dallas, USTable of ContentsContents: 1. Introduction Derek L. Braddon and Keith Hartley 2. The History of Economic Thought on Conflict Fanny Coulomb PART I: THEORY 3. A Bargaining Theory Perspective on War Charles H. Anderton and John R. Carter 4. Modeling Mass Killing: For Gain or Ethnic Cleansing? Attiat F. Ott and Sang Hoo Bae 5. The Economics of Destructive Power Mehrdad Vahabi 6. The Government Budget Allocation Process and National Security: An Application to the Israeli–Syrian Arms Race Itay Ringel and Asher Tishler 7. Characteristics of Terrorism Karen Pittel and Dirk Rübbelke 8. Conflict and Corruption John R. Hudson 9. Conflict in Space Vasilis Zervos 10. The Economics of Peacekeeping Vincenzo Bove and Ron Smith 11. Peacekeeping, Private Benefits and Common Agency Ugurhan G. Berkok and Binyam Solomon 12. The Long-term Costs of Conflict: The Case of the Iraq War Linda J. Bilmes and Joseph E. Stiglitz 13. Macroeconomics and Violence Jurgen Brauer and J. Paul Dunne PART II: CASE STUDIES 14. The Macroeconomic Effects of Conflict: Three Case Studies Christos Kollias and Suzanna-Maria Paleologou 15. Economics of Conflict: Turkey’s Experience Sennur Sezgin and Selami Sezgin 16. Terrorism: The Case of ETA Carlos P. Barros and Luis A. Gil-Alana 17. Helping Secure the ‘Biggest Bang for the Taxpayers’ Buck’: Defence Resource Management in the United Kingdom Neil Davies, Tony Turner, Andrew Gibbons, Stuart Davies, David Jones and Nick Bennett 18. The Economic Impact of the Conflict in the Balkans: The Case of Serbia Derek L. Braddon, Jonathan Bradley and Paul Dowdall 19. The Strategic Bombing of Germany in the Second World War: An Economic Perspective Keith Hartley 20. The Reprivatization of War Stefan Markowski and Peter Hall Index

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Book SynopsisThe main challenges the European Single Market is facing in the 21st century result from the enlargement to Central and Eastern Europe, the EMU, and the globalization of trade and investment that has aided the rise of competitive emerging markets. This state-of-the-art book provides fresh theoretical and empirical evidence on the challenges presented by integration and globalization for both developed and developing countries. The authors demonstrate how the European Single Market remains a work in progress with many critical issues still to be addressed. These include the rigidities in product and labor markets, the need for innovation and quality upgrading, and the rapid catch-up of new member countries. They go on to show how firms use the opportunities provided by integration and globalization to fragment their production processes internationally, which brings gains but also requires structural adjustment. The book also argues that global environmental coordination may be less detrimental to the growth prospects of developing countries than is commonly believed. Illustrating a number of methodologies, this book will be a great resource tool for postgraduates and undergraduates in the fields of international economics and business, as well as researchers and policy-makers.Trade Review'In some respects, intra-EU integration and globalisation move together since the Union is very open. In other respects, there are frictions such as a slowly widening wage gap between skills and the fear of continuous relocation of companies to other continents. This book highlights the interaction between these two phenomena in various ways by adding new empirical work on globalisation e.g. outsourcing, spill-overs for developing countries under climate change strategies ("carbon leakage" in EU jargon) and exchange pass-through after opening the economy to globalisation (example, India). For the EU the double challenge of absorbing the impact of globalisation and the ambitious deepening of its internal market is discussed by (rightly) focussing on EU countries most vulnerable to globalisation, i.e. the new Member States given their new production and trade structures. Altogether, a timely and useful contribution.' -- Jacques Pelkmans, College of Europe, Bruges and Vlerick School of Management (Leuven & Gent), Belgium'This is a well-researched collection by known and aspiring authors. Their mission is to describe and analyse the phenomenon of globalization with special reference to the European exemplar of this state of affairs, namely the EU. The reader will find enlightening material here on diverse aspects of the economic impact of Europeanization-globalization: students of modern international economics should find it on their reading lists.' -- Michael Artis, University of Manchester, UK'This is a collection of papers that is stimulating and rewarding to read. This book is a "must read" for graduate students, professional researches and policy-makers.' -- Hamid Beladi, University of Texas, San Antonio, US'Here is a volume that discusses the challenges of globalization and integration for both the European Union and for developing countries. Important issues like innovation, competition, integrated markets, outsourcing and exchange rate pass-through are discussed in detail. This volume will be of interest to practitioners and researchers interested in the challenges facing the global economy.' -- Rick van der Ploeg, University of Oxford, UKTable of ContentsContents: Preface PART I: OVERVIEW 1. Integration and Globalization: An Overview Helena Marques, Elias Soukiazis and Pedro Cerqueira PART II: EUROPEAN ECONOMIES AND INTEGRATION 2. Challenges for the Internal Market in the 21st Century Fabienne Ilzkovitz, Adriaan Dierx, Viktoria Kovacs and Nuno Sousa 3. Testing Nominal Rigidities in an Integrated Economy: An Application to Spain Maria Ángeles Caraballo and Carlos Usabiaga 4. Innovation, Competitiveness and Growth: The Case of Central and Eastern European Countries Eleonora Cavallaro and Marcella Mulino 5. Price Convergence in the New EU Member States: Selected Aspects and Implications Václav Zd’árek PART III: DEVELOPING ECONOMIES AND GLOBALIZATION 6. Outsourcing: A Story of Metamorphosis Soumodip Sarkar 7. International Spillovers and Learning by Doing in a Regionalized Model of Climate Change: A Post-Kyoto Analysis Nicola Cantore 8. Assessing Exchange Rate Pass-Through in India During Recent Globalization Sushanta Mallick and Helena Marques 9. A Dynamic CGE Analysis of the EU–Jordan FTA: Welfare and Policy Implications Omar Feraboli Index

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Book SynopsisThe 2007 financial and economic crisis that began in the United States and quickly spread around the world differed from earlier crises in a number of significant ways. This book examines the causes of these events in the US, and their impacts on North America, Europe, Asia and Australia.As with previous crises, real estate booms and busts and excessive financial leverage played key roles; however, the most recent crisis had many unique aspects to it, all of which are explored here in depth. This includes the role played by large international banks, shadow banks, increased global liquidity, population growth and other factors. Collectively, these factors contributed to interconnected economies and financial markets to an extent that never existed before. The net result was the unprecedented ripple effect of the crisis from the US and into the rest of the world. The impact in the US was significantly different than the impact in Canada, Japan, Spain and other countries. Significantly, the global effects of the crisis varied widely from country to country, as did government responses to the crisis. The contributors to this book ? international academics, bank regulators, and practitioners ? critique the crises and important international regulatory issues from the point of view of various countries. Academics, regulators, legislators and financial practitioners will do well to add this book to their shelves.Table of ContentsContents: Preface PART I: NORTH AMERICA 1. Global Financial Crises Benton E. Gup 2. Spillover Effects from the US Financial Crises: Some Time-Series Evidence from National Stock Returns Apanard Penny Angkinand, James R. Barth and Hyeongwoo Kim 3. Canadian Banks and the North American Housing Crisis James A. Brox PART II: EUROPE 4. The German Banking System and the Financial Crisis Horst Gischer and Peter Reichling 5. No Free Lunch – No Decoupling, the Crisis and Hungary: A Case Study Júlia Király and Katalin Mérő PART III: ASIA AND AUSTRALIA 6. An Analysis of the Ripple Effects of the Global Financial Crisis on the South Korean Economy and the Recovery Jungeun Kim, Kyeong Pyo Ryu and Doowoo Nam 7. Promulgation of the US Housing Market Crisis into Asia: Impacts and Depths Masanori Amano and Hikari Ishido 8. How Australia Survived the Global Financial Crises Chris Bajada and Rowan Trayler PART IV: INTERNATIONAL REGULATORY ISSUES 9. A Single Financial Market and Multiple Safety-Net Regulators: The Case of the European Union María J. Nieto 10. The Global Financial Crises: Back to Basics, Bank Supervision in Developing Countries Thomas Lutton and Joseph Cauthen 11. Hedge Funds and Offshore Financial Centers: New Challenges for the Regulation of Systemic Risks Navin Beekarry Index

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Book SynopsisThis unique book synthesizes and extends the immigrant-trade literature and provides comprehensive coverage of this timely and important topic. In that vein, the author contributes to the understanding of the relationship between immigration and trade and sheds light on a noteworthy aspect of globalization that both confronts policymakers with challenges and offers the potential to overcome them. Roger White documents the pro-trade influences that immigrants have on US imports from, and exports to, their respective home countries. Variations in the immigrant-trade link are addressed, as are the underlying factors that may determine the existence and operability of that link. The findings have direct implications for US immigration policy, suggesting that too few immigrants are currently admitted to the country and that a more liberal immigration policy may enhance social welfare. This book contains valuable economic analyses for undergraduates, postgraduates, researchers, educated laypersons and practitioners who are interested in public policy, international trade and economics, migration studies, international relations and globalization.Table of ContentsContents: Part I: What is the Immigrant–Trade Link and Why it Matters 1. An Overview of the Immigrant–Trade Relationship 2. What are the Channels through Which Immigrants Affect Trade? 3. Lessons from Prior Studies of the Immigrant–Trade Link Part II: What Factors May Underline the US Immigrant–Trade Link 4. A Brief Review of US Immigration History 5. Primacy, Recency and the US Immigrant–Trade Relationship 6. The Importance of Trade-facilitating Infrastructure 7. Cultural Distance between the US and Immigrants’ Home Countries Part III: Examining the US Immigrant–Trade Link 8. Empirical Specification, Variable Construction and Data Sources 9. Verification of the Immigrant–Trade Link 10. Variation in the Immigrant–Trade Link Part IV: Implications and Opportunities 11. Lessons for US Immigration Policy 12. Summing-up: Concluding Thoughts and (Yet) Unanswered Questions References Index

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Book SynopsisFeaturing new findings and fresh insights from an international roster of labor economists, including such eminent authors as Morley Gunderson, Harry Holzer, and Paul Ryan, this book delves into a uniquely wide range of high-profile labor issues affecting youth in the US, Canada, Europe, and Japan - from declining job, wage, and training prospects to workplace health hazards, immigration, union activism, and new policy strategies. This widely accessible introduction to the latest research in the area presents original empirical economic studies in an engaging style.All may find something of interest in the host of controversial topics of lively public debate that are covered, including: youth unemployment, earnings mobility, racial/ethnic and gender inequalities, training quality and access, job hazards, health insurance coverage, immigration, minimum wage laws, union organizing, and global economic competition.Young Workers in the Global Economy is written in a clear and accessible style for a broad readership ranging from scholars and college students to employers, unions, career counselors, human resource professionals, vocational trainers, policy analysts, government officials, immigration and health care activists, as well as to the wider public concerned about the future of youth career prospects.Trade Review'This timely collection offers an analysis of youth employment in a global perspective. It examines five subject areas, ranging from current trends in labor markets through education levels of job seekers, workplace safety, immigration and strategic initiatives to deal with declining levels of employment. . . . it sets forth clear prescriptions for public policy. Recommended.' -- R.L. Hogler, Choice'. . . the volume is successful in reaching an always difficult equilibrium between scientific soundness, on the one hand, and fluency, on the other hand. . . the book is a highly enjoyable and engaging read also for a general audience interested in understanding the new dimensions of what has become a persistent affliction of many households in advanced economies.' -- Education Economics'This excellent collection addresses an important issue: Why young people in so many countries experience more unemployment and precariousness than previous generations, and what we can do about it.' -- Michael Reich, University of California, Berkeley, USTable of ContentsContents: Preface 1. Youth Employment: Crisis or Course Change? An Introduction Gregory DeFreitas PART I: CURRENT JOB TRENDS AND CHALLENGES 2. The Youth Labor Market Problem in Cross-Country Perspective Rebekka Christopoulou 3. Out of School, Out of Work, Out of Luck? Black Male Youth Joblessness in New York City Mark Levitan 4. Still With Us After All of These Years: Youth Labor Market Entry, Home-Leaving and Human Capital Accumulation in Italy, 1993–2003 Niall O’Higgins 5. Youth Employment in Japan after the 1990s Bubble Burst Naoki Mitani PART II: SCHOOL-TO-WORK TRANSITIONS 6. Youth Employment Problems and School-to-Work Institutions in Advance Economies Paul Ryan 7. Work and Non-Work Time Use of US College Students Lonnie M. Golden PART III: DYING FOR A JOB 8. Occupational Fatalities Among Young Workers Janice Windau 9. Falling Private Health Insurance Coverage Among Young Workers in the United States Niev J. Duffy PART IV: HOW DOES IMMIGRATION AFFECT AMERICAN YOUTH? 10. Immigration and Youth Employment: Recent Debates and Research Findings Gregory DeFreitas 11. Unauthorized Mexican Immigration and Youth Labor Market Outcomes in California in the 1990s Enrico A. Marcelli PART V: STRATEGIES FOR IMPROVING FUTURE JOB PROSPECTS 12. How Can We Improve Employment Outcomes for Young Black Men? Harry J. Holzer 13. Does Job Corps Training Boost the Labor Market Outcomes of Young Latinos? Alfonso Flores-Lagunes, Arturo Gonzalez and Todd Neumann 14. Have Young Workers Lost Their (Collective) Voice? Youth–Adult Preferences for Workplace Voice in Canada Michele Campolieti, Rafael Gomez and Morley Gunderson References Index

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Book SynopsisHigher education functions in a global environment of consumers, employees, competitors, and partners. It has been a force for globalization and a model for adaptation, but nonetheless faces challenges. This volume of essays examines emerging issues and opportunities for advancing education across borders.The demands upon and need for higher education have never been greater at both the individual and societal levels, and the avenues for pursuing the mission of higher education have greatly expanded due to globalization. This volume examines how strategically minded institutions can better fulfill their mission in a global environment while promoting international collaboration and strengthening the world economy. Chapter authors include prominent senior administrators from higher education and leading researchers on higher education and globalization. They provide new and actionable information to enhance decision making and inform strategic planning as well as a contemporary examination of the business of higher education and areas of potential new research.This book is an excellent resource for academic administrators, as well as for researchers and students in business, management, economics, education, and public sector economics.Trade Review‘The book serves as a practical guide on how to go with certain modes of internationalisation of higher education. However, this is more than a mere practical guide. . . though written from a distinctively US perspective, the insights provided by the scholars will be found useful by higher education administrators in other countries as well.’ -- Jandhyala B.G. Tilak, Journal of Educational Planning and Administration‘Higher Education in a Global Society delves deeply into the compelling challenges and opportunities facing higher education in cultivating world citizens. An exceptional range of scholars offers insights providing direction and guidance for colleges ready to respond to globalization – from institutions crossing borders to creating international experiences at home, from students studying abroad to international students journeying to the United States, and from the critical demands on administrators to the vital contributions of faculty.’ -- J. Michael Adams, Fairleigh Dickinson University and International Association of University Presidents, US‘Higher Education in a Global Society should be of tremendous practical value to deans and provosts contemplating an international partnership or program. Written in a most accessible style by a combination of higher education scholars and veteran academic administrators, it provides a nuanced understanding of both the pitfalls and unanticipated benefits from such programs.’‘Preparing students for the 21st century labor force requires exposure to other cultures and societies. This volume discusses ways to build richer campus experiences for achieving this requirement. Different chapters explore research connections, international visitors and students, campuses abroad, study abroad programs, and curriculum changes. By presenting case studies from different types of institutions, the editors and authors offer ideas that can be useful throughout higher education. -- Teresa A. Sullivan, President, University of Virginia, USTable of ContentsContents: Foreword Roger W. Ferguson, Jr. Introduction Paul J. Yakoboski 1. The Significance of Globalization to American Higher Education D. Bruce Johnstone 2. The Realities of Mass Higher Education in a Globalized World Phillip G. Altbach 3. Higher Education Crossing Borders: Programs and Providers on the Move Jane Knight 4. International Research Collaborations Elizabeth D. Capaldi 5. Offering Domestic Degrees Outside the United States: One University’s Experiences Over the Past Decade Mark S. Kamlet 6. Creating Successful Study Abroad Experiences M. Peter McPherson and Margaret Heisel 7. Creating an International Experience on the Domestic Campus Kathleen M. Waldron 8. The Centrality of Faculty to a More Globally Oriented Campus Patti McGill Peterson 9. Internationalizing the Scholarly Experience of Faculty Diana Bartelli Carlin 10. Bringing International Students to Campus: Who, What, When, Where, Why and How? Charles E. Phelps 11. Reinventing Higher Education in a Global Society: A Perspective from Abroad Gowher Rizvi and Peter S. Horn 12. American Higher Education in an Increasingly Globalized World: The Way Ahead D. Bruce Johnstone Index

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Book SynopsisThis unique book provides a comprehensive survey of the major economic issues that have helped shape the modern world. It includes discussions of the latest research findings in the international economic development literature and scrutinises some of the most important debates in contemporary economics. Brian Snowdon examines the many controversies relating to long-run growth and development, problems of transitions from socialism to capitalism, international competitiveness and the impacts of globalisation.To shed light on these critical issues Brian Snowdon interviewed eleven leading economists who are featured in this book: Daron Acemoglu, Alberto Alesina, Padma Desai, William Easterly, Stanley Fischer, Janos Kornai, Michael Porter, Dani Rodrik, Jeffrey Sachs, Xavier Sala-i-Martin and Jeffrey Williamson.Globalisation, Development and Transition provides an all-encompassing guide to the contemporary literature on economic development and related fields, as well as an extensive and up-to-date list of references. It will be an essential resource for all scholars and students of economics, especially those with an interest in economic growth and development, economic history, trade and globalisation, and the economics of transition.Trade Review'By reading this book, students should be able to grasp the historical background of current theory in development economics. The book provides useful supplementary reading for courses on development economics. Moreover, the comprehensive bibliography at the end is valuable not only for students, but also for researchers.' -- Hiroki Nogami, The Developing Economies'Brian Snowdon is a superb economist and chronicler who tells us about critical issues and principal players through insightful interviews that immediately command attention. He is the indispensable economist whom we can all read, and be both entertained and instructed.' -- Jagdish Bhagwati, Columbia University, US'This excellent volume can be read with pleasure and profit by everyone, whether novice or expert, who wants to understand the historical experience of economic growth.' -- Nick Crafts, University of Warwick, UK'These topics are of the utmost interest today to anyone concerned with the political and economic scene. Brian Snowdon has put together a set of conversations of the type he is already well known for, drawing out the key points from the key researchers in these areas. He has complemented these with an erudite but thoroughly accessible survey of each topic in the three opening chapters. Well done!' -- Patrick Minford, Cardiff University, UKTable of ContentsContents: Preface 1. The Fall and Rise of Globalisation 2. Economic Development in Historical Perspective 3. The Rise and Fall of the Socialist System and the Trials of Transition INTERVIEWS: Daron Acemoglu, Alberto Alesina, Padma Desai, William Easterly, Stanley Fischer, János Kornai, Michael Porter, Dani Rodrik, Jeffrey Sachs, Xavier Sala-i-Martin, Jeffrey Williamson Bibliography Index

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Book SynopsisDrawing on insights from theoretical applications, empirically based approaches and case study experience, this book contributes to the improved design and use of trade and related policy interventions in staple food markets.Trade policy interventions have a potentially critical role to play in the development of staple food markets in developing countries and, as a source of revenue, in wider processes of rural development. Governments have long defended trade and related policy interventions in staple food markets on the basis of food security concerns. However, the design and implementation of these policies has often resulted in unintended impacts, increasing the risks faced by private sector actors and reducing their incentives for investment in improved market performance. In the context of increasingly volatile staple food markets, this book, commissioned from leading experts in this field, seeks to enhance dialogue between stakeholders involved in, and affected by, the design and use of trade and related policy interventions.This significant book will appeal to policy analysts and decision makers influential in the design and implementation of trade and related market interventions, as well as students of development economics. Researchers contributing to debates on the use and impacts of trade and related market interventions in staple food markets in poor countries will also find this volume of great benefit.Trade Review‘The volume is a valuable compilation of evidence-based analysis of staple food markets in eastern and southern Africa. . . It will serve as a useful reference for applied researchers, policy-makers and development practitioners interested in food policy in developing countries.’ -- Nicholas Minot, European Review of Agricultural Economics‘As they often do, Jamie Morrison and Alexander Sarris have provided researchers, policy-makers, and the interested public with the firm empirical grounding needed for sound agricultural development policies. They have synthesized from a rich and varied set of country studies a unique contribution to one of the key challenges of our times - increasing the productivity of smallholder food production in the age of globalization.’ -- Timothy A. Wise, Tufts University, US‘Food security has been a major concern in Africa for decades, and a more pressing problem with recent increases in food prices. The editors and contributors to this volume are experts in the field and should be commended for a timely, informative and in places challenging analysis of food production and markets in eastern and southern Africa. The volume brings a refreshing variety of theoretical, analytical and informed case study approaches to bear on the food security problem; it should be read by anybody seriously interested in African development.’ -- Oliver Morrissey, University of Nottingham, UKTable of ContentsContents: Preface 1. Introduction Jamie Morrison and Alexander Sarris 2. Trade, Agriculture and Optimal Commercial Policy in Eastern and Southern Africa Edward F. Buffie 3. Smallholder Market Participation: Concepts and Evidence from Eastern and Southern Africa Christopher B. Barrett 4. Governance and Surplus Distribution in Commodity Value Chains in Africa Johan F.M. Swinnen, Anneleen Vandeplas and Miet Maertens 5. Liberalizing Trade Under Structural Constraints in Developing Countries: A General Equilibrium Analysis of Tanzania Piero Conforti and Alexander Sarris 6. Grain Marketing Policy at the Crossroads: Challenges for Eastern and Southern Africa T.S. Jayne, Antony Chapoto and Jones Govereh 7. Unofficial Cross-border Trade in Eastern Africa Peter D. Little 8. Regional Trade and Food Security: Recent Evidence from Zambia Paul A. Dorosh, Simon Dradri and Steven Haggblade 9. Maize Trade and Marketing Policy Interventions in Kenya Joshua Ariga and T.S. Jayne 10. Assessment of Maize Trade and Market Policy Interventions in Malawi Ephraim W. Chirwa 11. Alternative Staple Food Trade and Market Policy Interventions: Country-level Assessment of South Africa Lulama Ndibongo Traub and Ferdinand Meyer 12. Maize Trade and Marketing Policy Interventions in Tanzania Andrew E. Temu, Appolinary Manyama and Anna A. Temu 13. Assessment of Alternative Maize Trade and Market Policy Interventions in Zambia Jones Govereh, Antony Chapoto and T.S. Jayne 14. Trade and Market Policy Interventions: A Synthesis of Insights from Research on Eastern and Southern African Grain Markets Jamie Morrison and Alexander Sarris Index

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Book SynopsisThis book ? written by leading academics and practitioners in the field ? brings together cutting edge research on exchange rate regime and monetary union issues. There is a particular focus on the implications for member states of the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) which is itself working towards forming a monetary union for the Gulf States.The relatively dramatic movements in the US dollar in the recent past, and also in the early 1990s, have called the practice of pegging to the US dollar into question for a group of countries that predominantly rely on hydrocarbons as their primary export. The book considers the key issues which must be addressed by the GCC in trying to form a monetary union for the Gulf countries and also the rigid pegging of member states? currencies to the US dollar. The proposed monetary union raises clear issues in terms of the appropriateness of such a regime for these countries and whether, for example, the necessary institutional mechanisms are in place ahead of the proposed union. Currency Union and Exchange Rate Issues brings together the perspectives of a group of experts who focus on these important issues, and provide analysis of the policy options. Academics, policymakers and postgraduates in international finance will find much to consider and learn from in this informative book.Table of ContentsContents: 1. Introduction Ronald MacDonald and Abdulrazak Al Faris 2. Currency Union in the GCC Countries: History, Prerequisites and Implications Abdulrazak Al Faris 3. Economic, Political and Institutional Prerequisites for Monetary Union Among the Members of the Gulf Cooperation Council Willem H. Buiter 4. The Euro Experience and Lessons for the GCC Currency Union Paul De Grauwe 5. The GCC Monetary Union: Choice of Exchange Rate Regime Mohsin S. Khan 6. International Experiences in Operating Exchange Rate Regimes: Drawing Lessons from the United Arab Emirates Ronald MacDonald 7. Operational Implications of Changing to Alternative Exchange Rate Regimes Warren Coats 8. The United Arab Emirates: Exchange Rate Regime Options Zubair Iqbal Index

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Book SynopsisGiven the importance of globalization in today?s world, this salutary and timely book explores how globalization is specifically shaping the Asia-Pacific. It investigates future prospects and challenges, identifies the key winners and losers, and concludes in many cases that the portents for globalization are not particularly promising. Prominent economists and policy scholars examine a wide range of topics pertinent to globalization and economic integration in the Asia-Pacific, encompassing macroeconomic coordination and financial market integration; regionalism and preferential trade agreements; and immigration and labor markets, including gender issues and the impact of outsourcing. Through these analyses, the expert contributors illustrate the importance of market participants and regulators clearly understanding the risks associated with the present stage of globalization. They show that national policy makers need to reconfigure the regulatory framework following international lessons from previous financial crises experienced in the last two decades, and that financial literacy is essential for market participants, especially in emerging economies. Many of the issues discussed will prove useful in promoting the development of a new international financial architecture, comprising measures that will help reap the full benefits of globalization.This stimulating and challenging book will strongly appeal to academics, advanced undergraduates, postgraduates, researchers, and policy makers in the fields of Asian studies, international economics, and international business.Trade Review‘Noel Gaston and Ahmed M. Khalid’s volume offers fascinating insights on the development, causes, and consequences of globalization in the Asia-Pacific. The outstanding collection of chapters combines theory with rigorous econometrics, making the book a must-read for every student of globalization. At a time where the global crisis gave new arguments to the critics of globalization, the questions raised in this book, and the answers given, are essential reading for academics and politicians alike.’ -- Axel Dreher, University of Goettingen, GermanyTable of ContentsContents: PART I: INTRODUCTION 1. Globalization and Integration in the Asia-Pacific: Prospects and Risks Noel Gaston and Ahmed M. Khalid PART II: GLOBALIZATION AND THE PROSPECTS FOR INTEGRATION 2. The Twilight of Globalization? Marcus Noland 3. Economic Integration in Extended East Asia: Toward a New Trade Regime Fukunari Kimura 4. The Politics of (Anti-)Globalization: What do we Learn from Simple Models? David Greenaway and Douglas Nelson PART III: MACROECONOMIC COORDINATION AND FINANCIAL MARKET INTEGRATION 5. Asian Financial Integration Jennifer Corbett 6. Forecasting International Financial Prices with Fundamentals: How do Stocks and Exchange Rates Compare? Robert P. Flood and Andrew K. Rose 7. Trade Policy, Exchange Rate Adjustment and Unemployment Yoshiyasu Ono 8. Trade and Wage Inequality in a World of Incomplete Diversification Christis G. Tombazos PART IV: GLOBALIZATION, IMMIGRATION AND LABOR MARKET ISSUES 9. Globalization and Labor Markets: Developments in the Asia-Pacific Ian Harper 10. Aging and Migration in Japan Junichi Goto 11. Labor Market Transitions for Female Workers in Japan: The Role of Global Competition Tomoko Kishi and Noel Gaston 12. The Effects of Overseas Operations on Home Employment of Japanese Multinational Enterprises Nobuaki Yamashita and Kyoji Fukao Index

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Book SynopsisThis original and authoritative book analyzes how the WTO?s restrictions on the use of trade measures for social goals affects the development of the law of the international community.The author examines international law on the use of trade measures to promote non-trade values including human health, environmental protection, and cultural diversity in order to determine whether the WTO decisions in these areas promote the development of the international legal system in a way that benefits the individual. Including an analysis of the most important ?trade-&? cases handed down by the WTO?s Appellate Body, the book stimulates creative consideration of the extent to which the international trading system?s prohibition on the use of trade measures may stifle progress on legal norms that would foster an international community. Krista Nadakavukaren Schefer suggests using the law of equity to fully take into account both the trade and the social issues at stake in any particular case.With its thorough analysis of WTO trade and decisions, this path-breaking book will be a stimulating read for scholars and students of international law, international economic law and international relations.Trade Review‘Recourse to restrictions of international trade for the promotion of non-economic goals is at the heart of international trade regulation. This book offers a fresh, broad, but equally detailed analysis of such restrictions. It places WTO law in the broader framework of public international law and explores new ways and means as to how tensions and conflict in the pursuit of non-economic policy goals should be addressed. It is essential reading for all seeking answers beyond the existing framework of WTO law and policies.’ -- Thomas Cottier, World Trade Institute, University of Bern, Switzerland and Institute of European and International Economic Law‘This book presents a thoughtful and very readable analysis of “social trade regulation”, that is, the use of border measures for non-trade purposes. The study examines how such measures are regarded in international law and in the more specialized law of the World Trade Organization. After she concludes that such unilateral measures may often be illegal under trade law, Professor Schefer’s original contribution to the debate is to unpack that unlawful status into the categories of “law-disabling”, “law-supporting”, and “law-creating” trade regulation. Through a careful exposition of these concepts, the book shows ways in which social trade regulation can improve the progress of the international community.’ -- Steve Charnovitz, The George Washington University, USTable of ContentsContents: Preface Part I: Introduction 1. The Social Impacts of Trade 2. The Evolving Character of the International Legal System Part II: Trade Regulation in International Law 3. Unilateral Trade Regulation and the United Nations Charter Principles 4. Unilateral Trade Regulation, the Law of State Responsibility and the Law of Treaties Part III: Social Trade Regulations in WTO Law 5. WTO Obligations Affected by Members’ Use of Social Trade Regulations 6. Legal Remedies for Violations of WTO Law 7. Social Trade Regulations in the WTO Dispute Settlement System: Looking at the Evidence Part IV: Analysis 8. How Can a WTO Member Pursue a Social Goal with Trade Regulations? 9. Is There a Modality to Decide when Trade Measures can be Used to Pursue Social Goals? Index

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Book SynopsisThis timely book examines the legal and policy challenges in international, regional and national settings, faced by developing countries in mitigating and adapting to climate change.With contributions from over 20 international scholars from developing and developed countries, the book tackles both long-standing concerns and current controversies. It considers the positions of developing countries in the negotiation of a new international legal regime to replace the Kyoto Protocol and canvasses various domestic issues, including implementation of CDM projects, governance of adaptation measures and regulation of the biofuels industry.Through a unique focus on the developing world, this book makes a significant contribution to understanding current challenges and future directions of climate law. It will prove a stimulating read for legal academics, undergraduate and graduate law students as well as policymakers interested in the role of developing countries in climate change law. The book originates from an international conference on Climate Law in Developing Countries Post-2012, co-sponsored by the IUCN Academy of Environmental Law, the University of Ottawa Faculty of Law and Osgoode Hall Law School. The book is part of the ongoing mandate of the IUCN Academy of Environmental Law to generate collaborative research on the most pressing issues in environmental law.Trade Review'. . . the book is rich and unique. It offers very useful analysis of climate law in developing countries and the key issues in the ongoing negotiations. . . an important source of reference.' -- Environmental Law Review'The editors of Climate Law and Developing Countries have brought together a star-studded group of authors with often innovative views on how climate law works (or fails to work) in those countries where it arguably matters more than elsewhere. This volume largely avoids the pitfalls of climate and carbon jargon. It may well succeed in reconnecting the regulatory community to a field of law which has rapidly become the exclusive habitat of banking and finance lawyers. A superb read and reference treasure trove.' -- Geert van Calster, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Belgium'Global warming is essentially an issue of human rights and justice severely affecting poor countries and indigenous peoples. This book shows why and how climate justice must shape international and domestic climate law. A timely, must-read companion for climate experts and activists, but equally a reminder of how much is left to be learned by negotiators of post-Kyoto agreements.'R>- Klaus Bosselmann, University of Auckland, New Zealand and IUCN Commission on Environmental Law Ethics Specialist Group'The phenomenon of anthropogenic climate change has become of critical importance to all countries. However, while the majority of developing countries contribute the least to global greenhouse gas emissions, they will generally bear the major burden of the social, environmental and economic impacts of climate change imposed upon them by developed countries. This cutting-edge book contains outstanding contributions by scholars from around the world on the need to expand the range of legal and policy mechanisms and strategies required to bridge the gaps between the north and the south to achieve global climate justice.' -- Ben Boer, University of Sydney and former Co-director of the IUCN Academy of Environmental LawTable of ContentsContents: 1. Introduction: Climate Law and Developing Countries Benjamin J. Richardson, Yves Le Bouthillier, Heather McLeod-Kilmurray and Stepan Wood PART I: CLIMATE JUSTICE 2. Climate Change, Differentiated Responsibilities and State Responsibility: Devising Novel Legal Strategies for Damage Caused by Climate Change Sumudu Atapattu 3. India’s Constitutional Challenge: A Less Visible Climate Change Catastrophe Deepa Badrinarayana 4. Promoting Justice within the International Legal System: Prospects for Climate Refugees Angela Williams 5. Climate Change and Indigenous Peoples in the South Pacific: The Need for Regional and Local Strategies Eric Kwa PART II: EXPANDING THE SCOPE OF THE CLIMATE CHANGE LEGAL REGIMES 6. Supporting Adaptation in Developing Countries at the National and Global Levels Jolene Lin 7. Designing a REDD Mechanism: The TDERM Triptych Claire Stockwell, William Hare and Kirsten Macey 8. The Role of Marine ‘Forests’ and Soils as Carbon Sinks: Enhanced Bio-Sequestration as a Mitigation Strategy to Help Avoid Dangerous Climate Change Robert Fowler 9. Adaptation to Climate Change to Save Biodiversity: Lessons Learned from African and European Experiences Saja Erens, Jonathan Verschuuren and Kees Bastmeijer PART III: THE CLEAN DEVELOPMENT MECHANISM AND MITIGATION STRATEGIES 10. The Deadlock of the Clean Development Mechanism: Caught between Sustainability, Environmental Integrity and Economic Efficiency Christina Voigt 11. Beautifying Africa for the Clean Development Mechanism: Legal and Institutional Issues Considered Damilola S. Olawuyi 12. Policy and Legal Dimensions of CDM Projects in the Forestry Sector: Implications for Climate Change Mitigation and Adaptation in Uganda Emmanuel B. Kasimbazi 13. Brazilian Policy on Biodiesels: A Sound Means of Mitigating Climate Change? Solange Teles da Silva and Carolina Dutra PART IV: CLIMATE POLICY BRIDGING THE NORTH AND SOUTH 14. Improving Citizen Responsibility in the North and its Consequences for the South: Voluntary Carbon Offsets and Government Involvement Marjan Peeters 15. Climate and Trade in a Divided World: Can Measures Adopted in the North End Up Shaping Climate Change Legislative Frameworks in the South? Francesco Sindico 16. Climate Change in the European Union Development Cooperation Policy Marie-Pierre Lanfranchi and Sandrine Maljean-Dubois Index

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Book SynopsisThis insightful book collects empirical analyses and case studies to clarify issues and draw policy recommendations for facilitating greater regional trade through increased cooperation.Asia s rapid development has been heavily dependent on markets external to the region. However, given the unlikely timely recovery of the United States or Europe there is an urgent need to develop domestic and regional markets. While greater integration has long been a regional goal, its importance has never been more pressing. To facilitate trade and promote growth and regional integration, and to counteract declining markets in other regions, Asian countries have announced large expenditures for developing infrastructure. Thus, a look at how investment in regional infrastructure promotes and supports interregional trade growth has never been timelier. While the focus is on informing policy-making in Asia, the findings also have relevance for other regions. The detailed studies in this book will be of particular interest to academic economists, policy-makers, and the broader development community.Contributors: N. Banik, D.H. Brooks, J. Gilbert, L. Shantong, S. Stone, A. Strutt, T.S. Yean, H. WangTrade Review'The first chapter provides an excellent introductory overview of the issues at hand and why they are of critical importance for businesses and policymakers in the region. . . this book is well-researched and balanced in terms of policy analysis and analytical rigor. This makes it a very valuable resource for academics, businesses, policymakers, and students who are interested in further study and research on the issues related to improving trade facilitation and its impact on regional economic integration in Asia. . . the editors and authors deserve to be congratulated on their efforts at bringing out this highly interesting and well-researched volume. This book serves its purpose as a regional study of this important issue.' --Rahul Sen, The Developing Economies'This book is an important contribution to the policy debate on the future of regional integration around the world, and in Asia in particular. The complex linkages between regional integration and regional cooperation, soft and hard integration, trade facilitation and regional infrastructure are all addressed competently in different chapters of this publication, which should be read by all of those concerned with the future of regional integration and cooperation in Asia.' --Antoni Estevadeordal, Inter-American Development Bank (IDB)'As we emerge from the worst global economic setback in two generations, the momentum of Asian economies suggests that this region will redefine the geography of trade and growth even more quickly and decisively than expected. Because Asia offers the largest emerging markets, superior growth rates, and new patterns of trade diversification, this region is becoming the leading edge of the global economy for the next generation. This volume addresses the essential issues related to Asian trade and regionalism with intellectual authority and essential timeliness. Brooks and Stone have assembled leading experts, distilled evidence, and synthesized policy lessons on the salient issues and trends that will drive the world s most dynamic economic region. Their book should be a desk reference for policy-makers and leading private sector players who want to respond effectively to the momentous challenges and opportunities presented by the Asian century.' --David Roland-Holst, University of California, Berkeley, USTable of ContentsContents: 1. Regional Cooperation, Infrastructure and Trade Costs in Asia Douglas H. Brooks 2. ASEAN Open Skies and the Implications for Airport Development Strategy in Malaysia Tham Siew Yean 3. Transforming Trade Competition into Coordination with the People’s Republic of China Li Shantong and Wang Huijiong 4. Regional Integration and Trade Costs in South Asia Nilanjan Banik and John Gilbert 5. Transport Infrastructure and Trade Facilitation in the Greater Mekong Subregion Susan Stone and Anna Strutt Index

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Book SynopsisThis timely book addresses the interaction between policies addressing climate change and the rules of the WTO. The authors expertly examine the law and economics behind the application of trade rules in the area of climate, including the implications of WTO rules for domestic climate measures, the unilateral use of trade measures to attempt to force other countries to take climate action, and the role of trade measures in multilateral climate agreements. The book argues that while there is a possibility of conflict between international trade rules and progress on climate change, it need not be the case. Thus the major focus is on the ways in which trade measures can aid in addressing climate change.Trade Review‘Epps and Green have submitted an excellently written, innovative, and well-balanced study that deserves a wide relationship. Their conclusions are drawn based on a comprehensive and well-documented examination of existing WTO law and practice of the GATT panels and the Appellate Body. The authors do not limit themselves to a purely legal analysis, but also include the necessary considerations of political theory and economy. Above all, they deserve the credit for having rejected the traditional antagonism between trade and protection of the environment.’ -- Alexander Proelss, European Yearbook of International Economic Law‘Reconciling Trade and Climate provides an interesting and timely contribution to the debate on the interaction between climate policy and the international trade regime.’ -- Anatole Boute, International Energy Law Review‘. . . the book contains an interesting analysis of the aspects of WTO law relevant to climate change [and] constitutes an important step in the right direction.’ -- Kati Kulovesi, Climate Law‘Reconciling Trade and Climate is a 280-page compendium of impeccable scholarship that begins with an informative introduction reflecting the necessity of reconciling international trade rules and climate policies. What follows is a series of superbly researched and presented issues involving linkages between trade and climate change, trade rules and domestic policies, unilateral action to compel countries to take climate change action, and multilateral solutions that will increase environmentally sound and beneficial trading. Enhanced with a comprehensive index, Reconciling Trade and Climate is a strongly recommended and seminal contribution to professional and academic libraries.’ -- The Midwest Book ReviewTable of ContentsContents: Part I: Introduction 1. Reconciling Trade Rules and Climate Policies Part II: Linkages between Trade and Climate Change 2. Climate Change, Trade and International Agreements 3. The Existing Trade and Climate Change Frameworks 4. The Role of Trade Measures in Addressing Climate Change Part III: Trade Rules and Domestic Policies 5. Regulations and Domestic Emissions Trading 6. Taxes 7. Subsidies 8. Border Tax Adjustments 9. The Role of Environmental Exceptions 10. Judging Domestic Policy Part IV: Unilateral Action to Force Other Countries to Take Climate Change Action 11. Carrots – Positive Inducements 12. Dismantling Roadblocks 13. Negative Incentives: Using ‘Sticks’ Part V: Multilateral Solutions 14. Trade Measures in a Climate Agreement 15. Increasing Environmentally Beneficial Trade Part VI: Conclusion 16. Trade, Climate Protection and Development Index

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Book SynopsisThis book discusses the impact of taxation on economic growth, employment, investment, consumption and the environment. The public finance literature commonly distinguishes between three major functions of taxation: the traditional function of raising revenue to finance government expenditure; the distributional function as an instrument to alter the distribution of income and wealth amongst households; and the regulatory function that uses taxation at the benefit of stabilization and other economic policies. Especially after the Second World War, OECD countries have increasingly used taxation to achieve a variety of economic and social objectives. Today many governments use the tax system to stimulate economic growth and employment. Fiscal measures also play a role in creating a favourable climate for business investment and to promote a long-term sustainable environmental policy. Currently, in the debate on global warming, the use of tax instruments to tackle climate change is on the top of the international agenda.The authors aim to provide the reader with the necessary empirical information, while at the same time presenting an overview of the latest theory and best practices. In doing so, many relevant policy issues are touched upon. Based on theoretical and empirical studies and practical experiences in OECD countries, the book establishes guidelines for effective tax policy. The book offers tools for tax design in a globalising economy and the world of the internet with increasing tax competition and a growing battle for companies and brains between countries. The book also presents a 'carrot and stick' model to promote clean technologies, reduce pollution and combat climate change. The message from the authors is straightforward: broad, low, simple, and a shift from income to consumption taxation. These principles are illustrated in a concept proposal for a so-called Second Life Tax system.Table of ContentsContents: Preface Introduction Part I: Principles of Taxation 1. Taxation and Economic Policy 2. The Design of Tax Systems Part II: Key Macroeconomic Variables 3. Taxes, Benefits and Labour Market Performance 4. Capital Markets, Investment and Taxation 5. Taxes on Consumption Part III: Knowledge-based Society and Economic Growth 6. Tax Incentives for Research and Development 7. Taxes and Human Capital Accumulation Part IV: Sustainable Development 8. Tax Competition 9. Greening Tax Systems Part V: Lessons for Tax Policy 10. Summary of Findings and Recommendations Appendices: A1. Economic Growth A2. Keynesian Economics A3. Microeconomic Topics in Commodity Taxation A4. The OECD Classification of Taxes A5. Revenue Statistics A6. Relevant Web Links References Index

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Book SynopsisThis book investigates the contributions of Non-Governmental Organizations (NGOs) to policymaking at the WTO, challenging the idea that NGOs can be narrowly understood as potential 'democratic antidotes' to the imperfections of Inter-Governmental Organizations (IGOs).The book highlights the significance of interactions between states, NGOs and IGOs, in order to understand their contributions to international trade governance. Based on case studies in the areas of labour standards, intellectual property and investment rules, the author finds that NGO activities serve an agenda setting function: they publicize neglected trade-related issues, persuade others to support their positions, enhance the resources of less developed member states and highlight normative rationales for policy change. In evaluating NGO campaign tactics and emphasizing relations between NGOs and WTO member states, this book advances understandings of the parameters of NGO agency in global governance.The Making of International Trade Policy will appeal to scholars and students with an interest in NGOs, research institutes and thinktanks, as well as policymakers, national trade negotiators, government departments and the trade policy community. NGO personnel active on WTO and trade policy issues - both researchers and activists - will also find this book thought-provoking.Trade Review'The discipline of international relations is in disarray, now that sovereign national states are no longer its exclusive actors. But what can non-state, non-governmental actors accomplish - or prevent from happening? In this pioneering work, Hannah Murphy explores both the potentialities and limits of NGO intervention in the substantive arena of international trade policy.' --From the foreword by Philippe C. Schmitter, European University Institute, Italy'Hannah Murphy provides a refreshingly realistic account of NGO influence in international trade policy. Carefully argued and persuasive, her book lays out the possibilities and limits of advocacy. Throwing cold water on overheated claims about NGO power to democratize the WTO, Murphy emphasizes how WTO rules shape NGO activities. As she deftly shows, this leaves room for activists to help set the WTO agenda even as they often legitimate, rather than challenge, state interests.' --Clifford Bob, Duquesne University, USTable of ContentsContents: Foreword 1. Introduction: NGOs and the WTO 2. NGOs, States and the WTO: Towards a Governance-centred Perspective 3. Conceptualizing NGO Activity in the WTO Contex 4. The Campaign for International Core Labour Standards at the WTO 5. Safeguards Pending: TRIPS and the Access to Medicines Campaign 6. The NGO Campaign Against a WTO Investment Agreement 7. Understanding the Agenda-setting Roles of NGOs at the WTO 8. Conclusion Index

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Book SynopsisRecurrent instability has characterized the global financial system since the 1980s, eventually leading to the current global financial crisis. This instability and the resultant disruptions - sovereign debt defaults, exchange rate misalignments, financial market illiquidity and asset price bubbles - are linked, in this book, to the shortcomings of the global financial system which tends to generate cycles of boom and bust in credit flows. These cycles are set in motion by the monetary impulses of major industrial countries and are amplified and propagated through the operation of global financial markets. Fabrizio Saccomanni argues that to counter such systemic instability requires that national authorities give adequate weight to financial stability objectives when formulating their monetary and regulatory policies. He maintains that appropriate multilateral strategies to deal with unsustainable trends in credit aggregates and asset prices should be devised in the International Monetary Fund in the context of a strengthened framework to deal with global payments imbalances and exchange rate misalignments.Providing a comprehensive historical and analytical survey of the causes, consequences and possible cures of international financial instability, this book will be of great interest to students and academics of international economics and finance. It will also appeal to financial market participants and analysts, government officials and central bankers as a comprehensive survey of the relevant academic literature and of the state of the policy debate.Trade Review'This book is a masterpiece. It combines a clear historical analysis of issues and causes of past international instability with a contemporary discussion of how to avoid future occurrences. It is a very informative book that caters to the need of the savvy and the uninformed. It reviews in a rigorous manner the core obstacles to achieving a durable global financial stability. The presentation is clear, simple and well organised. . . Saccomanni demonstrated a great understanding of monetary and financial matters. The book could not have been better timed given the deepening recession caused by the global financial meltdown. I am very delighted to recommend it.' -- Chika B. Onwuekwe, Journal of International Banking Law and Regulation'. . . the timing of this publication could not have been better, Fabrizio Saccomanni provides the reader with a well-written analytical and historical survey of the causes and consequences of international financial crisis and possible solutions. . . the book is enjoyable, compendious and concise. . . the book is worth reading by anyone who is interested in understanding the global financial system and is looking for a critical appraisal of its performance. In particular, students and academics of international economics can get a good overview on the issue of international financial stability, since the book bridges the gap between theoretical models and practical policy implications. . . Saccomanni's book is a well-written and valuable contribution to the debate - as already said before - the timing of its publication could hardly be better.' -- Ralf Fendel, Journal of Economics and StatisticsTable of ContentsContents: Foreword by Tommaso Padoa-Schioppa Preface Part I: The Tigers, the Tamers, the Circus 1. An Uneasy Relationship 2. Global Financial Players 3. Monetary and Financial Authorities 4. The Global Market for Foreign Exchange Part II: Global Finance between Crisis and Reform 5. The Crises of Global Finance 6. In Search of International Monetary and Financial Stability Part III: Challenging the Tigers 7. A Cage for the Dollar: The Plaza and Louvre Accords (1985–87) 8. The Seven-Year War of the French Franc (1991–98) 9. The Resistible Rise of the Yen (1995) 10. Double Play in Hong Kong (1998) 11. A Safety Net for the Euro (2000) 12. The Great Wall of the Chinese Renminbi (1994–2005) 13. How Did They Do It? Part IV: Epilogue 14. The Golden Mean Bibliography Index

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Book SynopsisIn this important book, three of the leading authors in the field of international economic law discuss the law and economics of the three most frequently used contingent protection instruments: anti-dumping, countervailing measures, and safeguards. When discussing countervailing measures, the authors also discuss legal challenges against prohibited and/or actionable subsidies. The authors' choice is mandated by the fact that the effects of a subsidy cannot always be confined to the market of the WTO Member wishing to react against it. Assuming there are effects outside its market, an injured WTO Member can challenge the scheme as such before a WTO Panel. Taking the three agreements for granted as a starting point, the book provides comprehensive discussion of both the original contracts, and the case law that has substantially contributed to the understanding of these agreements.The agreements discussed by the authors provide generally worded disciplines on Members and leave a lot of discretion to the investigating authorities of such Members. A great number of the many questions that arise in the course of a domestic trade remedies investigation are not explicitly addressed in these agreements. In such a situation, the authors highlight the important role that the judge has to play. Much like domestic investigating authorities adopt a line which is either more liberal or more protectionist in the application of trade remedies, the WTO adjudicator on numerous occasions was faced with similar policy problems in applying the general rules to the facts of the case before them. The authors point out that the adjudicating bodies have insisted on the unfair character of dumping in order to substantiate their relatively deferential standard of review. In the anti-dumping / countervailing duties context, case law has generally emphasized the limited character of the obligations on investigating authorities. This implies that domestic investigating authorities, following the evolution of case law, are now facing a deferential standard of review when imposing anti-dumping and countervailing duties.The book offers a contrasting view of the Agreement on Safeguards, an instrument the use of which, according to the authors, could, in principle, be defensible: WTO Members will have extra incentives to make commitments within a flexible contract. Moreover, safeguards can, in their view, help ease the pressures from domestic lobbies by facilitating (sometimes necessary) adjustment costs. However, the case law is described by the authors as having adopted a rather inflexible stance, the end result of which is that no imposition of safeguards has survived the test of consistency with WTO law. They identify the apparent rationale for the case law as an over-insistence on what they label the highly uninformative fair/unfair trade distinction.The economic analysis employed by the authors would suggest that - in the light of the unsatisfactory nature of anti-dumping measures, contrasted with the positive incentives inherent in safeguards - ultimately one could envisage merging the three instruments of contingent protection into one new safeguards instrument. Equally, they argue, this economic approach, combined with legal doctrine, offers great insight into the current provisions, allowing them to be interpreted in a more coherent and meaningful manner.Trade Review'All three parts [of the book] are without question extremely detailed and thorough treatises of the three different instruments of contingent protection. The case "law" of the DSB as well as policy proposals put forward in the Doha Round are referred to and analysed extensively. Every part of the book is an excellent and very thoughtful work on the respective instrument and will be helpful for everyone working in the field.' -- Christoph Herrmann, Common Market Law Review'Although the legal landscape is littered with literature about the WTO, antidumping, safeguards, subsidies and countervailing measures, the missing piece has been a comprehensive text tying together the law and economics of these topics. Mavroidis, Messerlin and Wauters fill this gap. The authors form an unparalleled triumvirate who successfully draw on their complementary legal-economic experiences from policymaking, practitioner expertise and academic scholarship to comprehensively examine contingent protection. In a single book, they manage to explain the economics to the lawyers, the law to the economists, and the increasing importance of contingent protection policies to everyone.' -- Chad P. Bown, The World Bank, US'The new book by Petros Mavroidis, Patrick Messerlin and Jasper Wauters, The Law and Economics of Contingent Protection in the WTO, fills a gap in the international trade literature by providing a comprehensive, interdisciplinary (law and economics) treatment of three of the most arcane and least well-understood trade protection regimes permitted under the GATT/WTO, i.e., anti-dumping, countervailing duties, and safeguards. The authors expertly weave together both a comprehensive and rigorous analysis of the complex legal rules and case law with an economic critique of the law governing each of these three regimes. The book is a tour de force and will become the standard reference work for scholars, policy makers, and practitioners specializing in these areas.' -- Michael Trebilcock, University of Toronto, Canada'Trade barriers that are contingent on the existence of specific conditions - dumping by, or subsidization of, exporters, and injury of domestic firms - have historically been used intensively by many OECD countries and are now increasingly applied by developing countries. This volume provides an excellent discussion and accessible analysis of WTO rules on contingent protection and the rapidly expanding case law. The authors have done a major service to both legal practitioners and trade policy analysts with an interest in this area.' -- Bernard Hoekman, The World Bank, USTable of ContentsContents: PART I: ANTI-DUMPING 1. General introduction 2. Dumping 3. Injury and Causality Analysis 4. Procedural Obligations – The Tasks of the Domestic Investigating Authority 5. Conclusions PART II: SUBSIDIES 6. General Introduction to the Agreement on Subsidies and Countervailing Measures: ‘Thou Shall Not Subsidize’ 7. Conditions for Imposition of Countervailing Measures 8. Procedural Requirements Relevant to the Countervailing Duty Investigation 9. Counteracting Subsidies – A Two-track Approach 10. Thou Shall Not be Punished in Any Other Way 11. Special and Differential Treatment 12. Standard of Review 13. Concluding Remarks PART III: SAFEGUARDS 14. The Rationale for Safeguards 15. The Regulation of Safeguards in the WTO 16. Conclusions References Index

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Book SynopsisIntermediate input trade is regarded as an important contributory factor in explaining the increase in world trade in recent years. This timely book presents, for the first time, meticulous empirical analyses of the growth of input trade, and includes detailed studies that capture the main features and characteristics of production networks in East Asia. Intermediate input trade has grown markedly in East Asia, and at a much faster rate than in the rest of the world. Since the early 1990s, when technological developments made it possible to separate the production process into many stages, East Asia as a region has developed sophisticated production networks in the manufacture of various products. Different countries have installed production stages according to their levels of technology or factor endowments, and consequently sequential production stages are now located across various countries. In order to produce final goods, East Asian nations have therefore relied on the trade of inputs back and forth. Containing unique and important data, this book will appeal to academics, researchers and policymakers interested in trade, economic integration and Asian studies.Trade Review‘Spatial fragmentation of production is linked with two great waves of unbundling. The first one was a century and a half ago when the spatial location of production of goods was separated from their consumption. We live in the age of a second unbundling where certain operations within the same factory can be fragmented and performed elsewhere. There is trade in certain tasks and components which was made possible by cheaper and better communication and transport. This book considers production networks in East Asia, which is and will continue to be the most dynamic economic region in the decades to come.’ -- Miroslav N. Jovanovic, University of Geneva, SwitzerlandTable of ContentsContents: Preface 1. The Development of Input Trade and Production Networks in East Asia Daisuke Hiratsuka and Yoko Uchida 2. Vertical Specialization: Some Evidence from East Asia from 1975 to 2000 David Hummels and Yoko Uchida 3. Some Evidence on the Nature and Growth of Input Trade David Hummels and Laura Puzzello 4. Characteristics and Determinants of East Asia’s Trade Patterns Daisuke Hiratsuka 5. Japan’s Parts and Components Exports and Complementarity with Foreign Investment Kazuhiko Yokota 6. Complex FDI in Japanese Multinationals Kazunobu Hayakawa and Toshiyuki Matsuura 7. Production Networks in East Asia: Evidence from a Survey of Japanese Firms Hiromichi Ozeki 8. The Spatial Structure of Production/Distribution Networks and its Implication for Technology Transfers and Spillovers Fukunari Kimura 9. International Fragmentation in Laos: Patterns, Progress and Prospects Keola Souknilanh Index

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Book SynopsisThis original and authoritative book analyzes how the WTO?s restrictions on the use of trade measures for social goals affects the development of the law of the international community.The author examines international law on the use of trade measures to promote non-trade values including human health, environmental protection, and cultural diversity in order to determine whether the WTO decisions in these areas promote the development of the international legal system in a way that benefits the individual. Including an analysis of the most important ?trade-&? cases handed down by the WTO?s Appellate Body, the book stimulates creative consideration of the extent to which the international trading system?s prohibition on the use of trade measures may stifle progress on legal norms that would foster an international community. Krista Nadakavukaren Schefer suggests using the law of equity to fully take into account both the trade and the social issues at stake in any particular case.With its thorough analysis of WTO trade and decisions, this path-breaking book will be a stimulating read for scholars and students of international law, international economic law and international relations.Trade Review‘Recourse to restrictions of international trade for the promotion of non-economic goals is at the heart of international trade regulation. This book offers a fresh, broad, but equally detailed analysis of such restrictions. It places WTO law in the broader framework of public international law and explores new ways and means as to how tensions and conflict in the pursuit of non-economic policy goals should be addressed. It is essential reading for all seeking answers beyond the existing framework of WTO law and policies.’ -- Thomas Cottier, World Trade Institute, University of Bern, Switzerland and Institute of European and International Economic Law‘This book presents a thoughtful and very readable analysis of “social trade regulation”, that is, the use of border measures for non-trade purposes. The study examines how such measures are regarded in international law and in the more specialized law of the World Trade Organization. After she concludes that such unilateral measures may often be illegal under trade law, Professor Schefer’s original contribution to the debate is to unpack that unlawful status into the categories of “law-disabling”, “law-supporting”, and “law-creating” trade regulation. Through a careful exposition of these concepts, the book shows ways in which social trade regulation can improve the progress of the international community.’ -- Steve Charnovitz, The George Washington University, USTable of ContentsContents: Preface Part I: Introduction 1. The Social Impacts of Trade 2. The Evolving Character of the International Legal System Part II: Trade Regulation in International Law 3. Unilateral Trade Regulation and the United Nations Charter Principles 4. Unilateral Trade Regulation, the Law of State Responsibility and the Law of Treaties Part III: Social Trade Regulations in WTO Law 5. WTO Obligations Affected by Members’ Use of Social Trade Regulations 6. Legal Remedies for Violations of WTO Law 7. Social Trade Regulations in the WTO Dispute Settlement System: Looking at the Evidence Part IV: Analysis 8. How Can a WTO Member Pursue a Social Goal with Trade Regulations? 9. Is There a Modality to Decide when Trade Measures can be Used to Pursue Social Goals? Index

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Book SynopsisThis unique Handbook illustrates how entrepreneurs across Europe tackle internationalization. This timely and important book identifies patterns and builds a theory of international entrepreneurship in Europe.The contributors discuss the performances of SMEs on the road to internationalization. Each chapter emphasizes how the process of internationalization of SMEs operates, the challenges and opportunities that arise due to each country's specific political and economic situation, and their subsequent internationalization performance. These processes, challenges and performances can be understood through theories of international business and entrepreneurship. Although at times these theories cannot fully explain certain phenomena, nevertheless they help to derive new extensions of thought. Together, they constitute a foundation for a new way of thinking about and understanding the importance and effect of internationalization of SMEs to country-level competitiveness in Europe. The role of theoretically important issues such as cooperation and trust, venture capital, research and development, learning, networks and government policy is also explored and analysed, and will be of great interest to researchers, academics and graduates interested in international business and entrepreneurship.Trade Review'This book is an important contribution to the field of international entrepreneurship. . . it provides a comprehensive account of internationalization strategies adopted by SMEs in a wide range of European countries, and by drawing on a number of empirical studies, it enriches the theory of SME internationalization with a new theoretical framework that can be useful for understanding the complexity of SME internationalization processes in Europe.' -- Julia Korosteleva, Thunderbird International Business Review'From Andorra to Wales with stops in more than 35 other European countries along the way, this comprehensive collection of articles is required reading for scholars interested in international entrepreneurship. It provides information on how entrepreneurs and their firms go international from virtually every country in Europe. This unique volume permits researchers to compare how the process of entrepreneurial internationalization is affected by differences in culture, location, technology, and other influences within Europe. Furthermore, the various authors consider a range of theoretically important issues, such as cooperation and trust, venture capital, research and development, learning, networks, and government policy. This book serves as an essential departure point from which scholars can embark on their study of international entrepreneurship in Europe.' -- Benjamin M. Oviatt, Georgia State University, US'This is a timely and interesting book that brings together some of the most insightful contributions on the internationalization of new ventures, with an emphasis on the European experiences. Assembling some of the best scholars, the book offers a distinctively European perspective - one that deserves recognition, analysis, and discussion. I applaud the editors for doing such a masterful job in bringing a great group of researchers and ideas together. I highly recommend this book for any serious researcher and scholar.' -- Shaker A. Zahra, University of Minnesota, Twin Cities, US'This remarkable book provides valuable contributions on how the process of SMEs' internationalization is operating in 37 different European countries. Researchers in international entrepreneurship will find new materials for theorization. Numerous facets of international business are carefully documented by a great many well-known scholars. Also, given the variety of situations typical of the European small business sector, the book may prove to be helpful to small-scale entrepreneurs wishing to take steps towards internationalization. Overall, this coordinate work makes you realize why Europe is so fascinating.' -- Jean-Jacques Obrecht, University Robert Schuman, Strasbourg, FranceTable of ContentsContents: Foreword: A Theory of Internationalization for European Entrepreneurship David Storey PART I: INTRODUCTORY CHAPTERS 1. Introduction Léo-Paul Dana, Isabell M. Welpe, Mary Han and Vanessa Rutten 2. How International are European Venture Capital Firms? Sophie Manigart, Wouter De Maeseneire, Mike Wright, Sarika Pruthi, Andy Lockett, Hans Bruining, Ulrich Hommel and Hans Landström PART II: COUNTRY STUDIES 3. Internationalization of Small and Medium-sized Firms (SMEs) in a Western European Service Economy: The Case of Andorra Sanford L. Moskowitz 4. Trust-based Cooperation as Driver for the Internationalization of SMEs: Empirical Evidence from Austria Matthias Fink and Slawomir Teodorowicz 5. Internationalization of SMEs in Belarus Friederike Welter, David Smallbone, Anton Slonimski and Marina Slonimska 6. Internationalization of SMEs in Belgium Jan Degadt 7. Internationalization of SMEs in Bosnia and Herzegovina William R. Pendergast, Mugdim Pasic and Aziz Sunje 8. Internationalization of Bulgarian SMEs Kiril Todorov and Kostadin Kolarov 9. Internationalization of SMEs in Croatia Tihomir Vranešević, Branko Bogunović and Miroslav Mandić 10. Internationalization of SMEs in Cyprus Demetris Vrontis and Alkis Thrassou 11. Internationalization of Danish SMEs Per Servais, Erik S. Rasmussen, Bo B. Nielsen and Tage Koed Madsen 12. Internationalization of Enterprises in Estonia Tiit Elenurm 13. Internationalization of SMEs: The Case of Finland Asko Miettinen 14. Internationalization of SMEs: The Case of The Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia Marija Risteska and Zhidas Daskalovski 15. Internationalization of French SMEs Hervé Mesure and Rita Klapper 16. Patterns of Internationalization of German SMEs: Surveying Manufacturing Offshoring Steffen Kinkel, Gunter Lay and Spomenka Maloca 17. Growth of Archetypon S.A.: Exploitation of Opportunities in Greek and European Marketplaces Irini Voudouris and Pavlos Dimitratos 18. The Internationalization of Hungarian SMEs László Kállay and Imre Lengyel 19. Irish Perspectives of International Entrepreneurship Cecilia B. Hegarty 20. Israeli, Born Global, Knowledge-intensive Firms: An Empirical Inquiry Tamar Almor and Gilad Sperling 21. Italian SME International Strategies: State of the Art and Some Empirical Evidences Alberto Mattiacci, Christian Simoni and Lorenzo Zanni 22. Analysis of the Environment for Small and Medium-size Enterprises in Latvia for Further Internationalization Development Tatjana Volkova and Andra Brige 23. Internationalization of SMEs in Liechtenstein Hans-Rüdiger Kaufmann 24. The Path to the Internationalization of Lithuanian Manufacturing SMEs Audra I. Mockaitis 25. The Internationalization of SMEs in Malta: A Critical Assessment in the Context of Five European Island Regions Godfrey Baldacchino 26. Issues on the Internationalization of SMEs in Eastern Europe: The Case of Moldova Sanford L. Moskowitz 27. Monaco’s Forgotten Glitter: Industrial SMEs and their Worldwide Appeal Martine Spence 28. Internationalization of Dutch SMEs Jolanda A. Hessels 29. The Impact of the Single Market Programme on the Internationalization of Polish SMEs Anna Rogut and Bogdan Piasecki 30. Export Performance and Productivity in Portuguese Manufacturing SMEs Margarida Proença, Isabel Correia and Orlando Petiz 31. Small and Medium Size Enterprises in Russia Anatoly Zhuplev and Vladimir Shein 32. The Internationalization of Small and Medium Companies in San Marino Donata Vianelli 33. Internationalization of Slovenian SMEs as a Learning and Unlearning Process Miroslav Rebernik and Ksenja Pušnik 34. The Internationalization of Small and Medium Firms in Spain Alicia Coduras, Cristina Cruz, Ignacio de la Vega and Rachida Justo 35. Network Coordination as a Key to External Resources: A Study of an Internationalizing Biotech SME Angelika Löfgren, Daniel Tolstoy, D. Deo Sharma and Jan Johanson 36. Managing the Challenges of Globalization: Evidence from Swiss Small and Medium-sized Enterprises Thierry Volery 37. Outward Internationalization of Turkish SMEs Serdar Karabati 38. Internationalization of SMEs in Ukraine Nahum Goldmann, Svitlana Slava, Yuriy Makogon, Tetyana Orekhova and Alena Dubouskaya PART III: CONSTITUENTS OF THE UNITED KINGDOM 39. Business Support for Internationalization in England Leigh Sear and Robert T. Hamilton 40. Supporting SMEs in Scotland: Strategies for Internationalizing Mike Danson, Ewa Helinska-Hughes, Michael Hughes and Geoff Whittam 41. Internationalization of Welsh SMEs: The Role of Wales Trade International David Pickernell, David Brooksbank, Helena Snee, Farid Ullah and Dylan Jones-Evans PART IV: CONCLUSION 41. Toward a Theory of Internationalization for European Entrrepreneurship Léo-Paul Dana, Mary Han, Vanessa Rutten and Isabell M. Welpe Index

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Book Synopsis'. . . provides a good overview of the issues in economic geography both in terms of theory and applications. This is a good book for starters, who want to find a direction within economic geography, and are looking for a book that provides a brief, but interesting, outlook of the main topics investigated in economic geography.'- Vítor Braga, Economic Geography Research GroupThis well-researched book provides a concise contribution to a large-scale debate on economic globalization. Martin Sokol introduces key theoretical approaches that help us to understand how economies work, why they suffer recessions and crises, and why economic inequalities at various levels are growing in the context of globalization. He introduces key economic geography concepts and theories, demonstrating their application to our contemporary globalizing world. The role that economic geography may play in informing policy making is highlighted, and debates surrounding the recent global financial and economic crisis are expounded. This highly accessible book will prove an essential reference tool for academics, students and researchers focusing on geography, economics, planning and regional development, development studies, international politics and international business. Policy makers and practitioners in local, regional and national authorities, international bodies and non-governmental organizations will also find this book to be an invaluable resource. Contents: Introduction 1. Economic Globalisation, Inequality and Instability 2. What is Economic Geography About? 3. Key Approaches in Economic Geography 4. Neo-classical Approach, Location Theory and Beyond 5. Marxist-inspired Approaches and Uneven Development 6. Alternative Approaches and New Economic Geography 7. Economic Geographies of the Contemporary World 8. Economic Geography and Policy Challenges Appendix: Useful Journals and Internet Sources Bibliography IndexTrade Review'Telling it like it is in a direct and engaging style, this is a book without preconceptions. It is a vital intervention that makes sense of the sorry state of the contemporary global economy and its formative geographies and shows what is involved in constructing an alternative.' --Roger Lee, Queen Mary University of London, UKThis introductory text is about economic geography and globalization in all their different stripes and colours. It introduces clearly the subject matters in economic geography through a wide range of important conceptual lenses and theoretical perspectives. It does so without a facts-based rendition of what globalization actually is. Instead, Sokol offers a refreshingly light touch on the various approaches in understanding contemporary economic geographies and applies these conceptual insights, in a helpful and straightforward manner, to our appreciation of such key challenges of globalization as inequality, instability, and uneven development. It is both wide in coverage and contemporary in relevance. The text will be well adopted in courses on economic geography, global studies, development studies, and international political economy. --Henry Yeung, National University of SingaporeTable of ContentsContents: Introduction 1. Economic Globalisation, Inequality and Instability 2. What is Economic Geography About? 3. Key Approaches in Economic Geography 4. Neo-classical Approach, Location Theory and Beyond 5. Marxist-inspired Approaches and Uneven Development 6. Alternative Approaches and New Economic Geography 7. Economic Geographies of the Contemporary World 8. Economic Geography and Policy Challenges Bibliography Index

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Book Synopsis'. . . provides a good overview of the issues in economic geography both in terms of theory and applications. This is a good book for starters, who want to find a direction within economic geography, and are looking for a book that provides a brief, but interesting, outlook of the main topics investigated in economic geography.'- Vítor Braga, Economic Geography Research GroupThis well-researched book provides a concise contribution to a large-scale debate on economic globalization. Martin Sokol introduces key theoretical approaches that help us to understand how economies work, why they suffer recessions and crises, and why economic inequalities at various levels are growing in the context of globalization. He introduces key economic geography concepts and theories, demonstrating their application to our contemporary globalizing world. The role that economic geography may play in informing policy making is highlighted, and debates surrounding the recent global financial and economic crisis are expounded. This highly accessible book will prove an essential reference tool for academics, students and researchers focusing on geography, economics, planning and regional development, development studies, international politics and international business. Policy makers and practitioners in local, regional and national authorities, international bodies and non-governmental organizations will also find this book to be an invaluable resource. Contents: Introduction 1. Economic Globalisation, Inequality and Instability 2. What is Economic Geography About? 3. Key Approaches in Economic Geography 4. Neo-classical Approach, Location Theory and Beyond 5. Marxist-inspired Approaches and Uneven Development 6. Alternative Approaches and New Economic Geography 7. Economic Geographies of the Contemporary World 8. Economic Geography and Policy Challenges Appendix: Useful Journals and Internet Sources Bibliography IndexTrade Review'Telling it like it is in a direct and engaging style, this is a book without preconceptions. It is a vital intervention that makes sense of the sorry state of the contemporary global economy and its formative geographies and shows what is involved in constructing an alternative.' --Roger Lee, Queen Mary University of London, UKThis introductory text is about economic geography and globalization in all their different stripes and colours. It introduces clearly the subject matters in economic geography through a wide range of important conceptual lenses and theoretical perspectives. It does so without a facts-based rendition of what globalization actually is. Instead, Sokol offers a refreshingly light touch on the various approaches in understanding contemporary economic geographies and applies these conceptual insights, in a helpful and straightforward manner, to our appreciation of such key challenges of globalization as inequality, instability, and uneven development. It is both wide in coverage and contemporary in relevance. The text will be well adopted in courses on economic geography, global studies, development studies, and international political economy. --Henry Yeung, National University of SingaporeTable of ContentsContents: Introduction 1. Economic Globalisation, Inequality and Instability 2. What is Economic Geography About? 3. Key Approaches in Economic Geography 4. Neo-classical Approach, Location Theory and Beyond 5. Marxist-inspired Approaches and Uneven Development 6. Alternative Approaches and New Economic Geography 7. Economic Geographies of the Contemporary World 8. Economic Geography and Policy Challenges Bibliography Index

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Book SynopsisThis definitive and comprehensive book, with contributions from world-renowned foreign trade zone expert, the late Walter Diamond, provides an up-to-date guide to the free trade zones and subzones in the United States and around the world. Economic reasons for using free trade zones are explored, encompassing the benefits gained and profits earned, such as exemptions, reductions from customs duties, proximity to foreign export markets, and low-cost processing and packaging of goods designed to lower duties or freight charges. Practical, hard-to-locate data and contact details are provided on every free trade zone in the US, as well as information on the history, growth and types of users in each zone, storage space, transportation access, the cost of user facilities, utilities, communications, labor availability, warehousing features, and enterprise zones within the free trade zone. Tax Free Trade Zones of the World and in the United States will be an invaluable reference tool for a wide-ranging professional audience including: international, multinational and business law firms, tax advisory and finance firms, international sales and marketing executives, import, export and shipping companies, customs brokers and insurance agencies. In addition, it will prove a useful, practical resource for law students focusing on international business and international trade.Table of ContentsContents: Introduction Index of Zones by Number 1. New York (New York) No. 1 and Special Purpose Subzone No. 1A at Brooklyn 2. New Orleans (Louisanna) No. 2 and Special Purpose Subzones No. 2C at Avondale Industries’ main shipyard, No. 2D at Westwego, No. 2E at Harvey, No. 2F at Algiers, No. 2G (temporary) at Equitable Shipyard’s shipbuilding facility at the Inner Harbor Navigation Canal, No. 2H in St. Bernard/Jefferson/St Charles Parishes, and No. 2I in Plaquemines Parish 3. San Francisco (California) No. 3 Special Purpose Subzone No. 3A at San Francisco, No. 3B at Richmond, CA, AND No. 3C at Martinez, CA 5. Seattle (Washington) No. 5 7. Mayaguez (Puerto Rico) No. 7 and Special Purpose Subzones No. 7B at Penuelas, No. 7C at Humacao, and No. 7D at Barceloneta, No. 7E at Manati, No. 7G at Las Piedras, No. 7H at Manati, and No. 7I at Barceloneta 8. Toledo (Ohio) No. 8 and Special Purpose Subzones No. 8A at Toledo, No. 8B at Perrysburg, No. 8C at Sandusky, No. 8D at Van Wert, No. 8E at Toledo, No. 8F in Lucas, Allen, Wood Counties, No. 8G (Site 2 of No. 8F) in Limo, and 8H in Toledo 9. Honolulu (Hawaii) No. 9 and Special Purpose Subzones No. 9A at Ewa, No. 9B at Honolulu, No. 9C at Honolulu, No. 9D at Kahului and No. 9E at Ewa 12. McAllen (Texas) No. 12 14. Little Rock (Arkansas) No. 14, Special Purpose Subzone No. 14A at Forrest City, No. 14B at Helena, No. 14C at El Dorado, No. 14D at El Dorado, snd No. 14E at Little Rock 15. Kansas City (Missouri) No. 15 and Special Purpose Subzones No. 15A at Claycomo, No. 15B at Kansas City (terminated), No. 15C at Kirksville, Missouri, No. 15D at Kansas City, No. 15E at Nodaway County, Missouri, and No. 15G at Hamilton 16. Sault Ste. Marie (Michigan) No. 16 and No. 16A at Harbor Springs and Newberry 17. Kansas City (Kansas) No. 17 and Special Purpose Subzone No. 17A at Kansas City 18. San Jose (California) No. 18 and Special Purpose Subzones No. 18A at San Jose, No. 18B, No. 18C at Freemont, No. 18D at the San Jose area and No. 18E at Palo Alto, Menlo and Mountain View 19. Omaha (Nebraska) No. 19 and Special Purpose Subzone No. 19A Omaha 20. Hampton Roads (Virginia) No. 20 and Special Purpose Subzones No. 20A at Virginia Beach, No. 20B in Newport News, No. 20C at Yorktown, and No. 20D at Newport News 21. Dorchester County (South Carolina) No. 21 and Special Purpose Subzones No. 21A at Charleston and No. 21B at Goose Creek 22. Chicago (Illinois) No. 22 and Special Purpose Subzones No. 22A, No. 22B in Chicago, No. 22C, No. 22D, No. 22E in West Chicago, No. 22F in North Chicago, No. 22G in Des Plaines, No. 22H in Manhattan, No. 22I and No. 22J in Will County, No. 22K at Kankakee, No. 22L at Cook County and No. 22M at Rolling Meadows 23. Buffalo (New York) No. 23 and Special Purpose Subzones No. 23B in Chautauqua County and No.23C in Buffalo 24. Wilkes-Barre/Scranton (Pennsylvania) No. 24 and Special Purpose Subzones No. 24A at Harrisburg, No. 24B at Riverside, and No. 24C at Throop 25. Port Everglades (Florida) No. 25, No. 25B at Broward County, No. 25C at Port Everglades, No. 25D at Broward County, and No. 25E at Port Everglades 26. Atlanta (Georgia) No. 26 and Special Purpose Subzones No. 26A at Atlanta and Doraville, No. 26B at LaGrange, No. 26C at Hapeville, No. 26D at Newnon, No. 26H in Coweta County, No. 26G at LaFayette No. 26H at Lawrence and No. 26I at LaGrange 27. Boston (Massachusetts) No. 27 and Special Purpose Subzones No. 27A at Fall River (terminated), No. 27B at Quincy, No. 27C at Lawrence, No. 27D at Framingham, and Special Purpose Subzones 27E, F, H, I, J and K at Norwood, Needham, Waltham, Freetown, Boston and Cambridge respectively and No. 27L at Westborough and No. 27M at Lancaster 28. New Bedford (Massachusetts) No. 28 and Special Purpose Subzones No. 28A at New Bedford, No. 28B at Avon, No. 28C at Randolph, No. 28D at New Bedford, 28E at New Bedford and 28F at New Bedford 29. Louisville and Jefferson County, Louisville (Kentucky) No. 29 and Special Purpose Subzones No. 29A at Georgetown, No. 29B at Louisville, No. 29C in Jefferson County, No. 29D at Lexington, No. 29E at Georgetown in Scott County, No. 29F at Harrodsburg, No.29G at Campton, and No. 29H at Calvert City 30. Salt Lake City (Utah) No. 30 31. Granite City (Illinois) No. 31 and Special Purpose Subzone No. 31A, No. 31B at Madison County, and No. 31C at Hartford 32. Miami (Florida) No. 32 and Special Purpose Subzones No 32A and No. 32B in Miami 33. Pittsburgh (Pennsylvania) No. 33 and Special Purpose Subzones No. 33A at New Stanton, No. 33B in Allegheny County, No. 33C at Mt. Pleasant, and No. 33D at Warrendale 34. Niagara County (New York) No. 34 35. Philadelphia (Pennsylvania) No. 35 and Special Purpose Subzones No. 35A at Lansdale, and No. 35B in Philadelphia 36. Galveston (Texas) No. 36 and Special Purpose Subzone No. 36A at Galveston 37. New Windsor (New York) No. 37 and Special Purpose Subzones No. 37A at Tarrytown, No. 37B at New Rochelle, and 37C at Poughkeepsie 38. Greenville/Spartanburg (South Carolina) No. 38 and Special Purpose Subzones No. 38A in Spartanburg County, No. 38B in Seneca, No. 38C at Greenwood, No. 38D at Fountain Inn, No. 38E at Charlotte, and No. 38F at Duncan 39. Dallas/Fort Worth (Texas) No. 39 and Special Purpose Subzones No. 39A at Athens, No. 39B at Arlington, No. 39C at Wylie, No. 39D at Mansfield, 39E at Richardson, 39F at Irving, 39H at Grand Prairie, and 39I at Grand Prairie 40. Cleveland/Cuyahoga County (Ohio) No. 40 and Special Purpose Subzones No. 40A at Lorain, No. 40B at Lordstown, No. 40C at Avon Lake, Lauren County, No. 40D at Euclid and Mentor, No. 40E at Bedford Heights, No. 40F in Valley View, and No. 40G at Bedford 41. Milwaukee (Wisconsin) No. 41 and Special Purpose Subzones No. 41A at Kenosha, No. 41C at Janesville, No. 41D at Oak Creek, No. 41E at Green Bay, No. 41F in Milwaukee (authority expired) and No. 41G at Blue Mounds 42. Orlando (Florida) No. 42 and Special Purpose Subzone No. 42A at Orlando 43. Battle Creek (Michigan) No. 43 and Special Purpose Subzones No. 43A at Springfield and Oshtemo (terminated), No. 43B in Zeeland, No. 43C at Sturgis. No. 43D at Battle Creek and No. 43E at Kalamazoo 44. Mt. Olive, Morris County (New Jersey) No. 44 and Special Purpose Subzones No. 44B at Hazlett, No. 44C at Union Beach, No. 44D at South Brunswick, No. 43C at Sturgis, No. 43D at Battle Creek and No. 43E at Kalamazoo 45. Portland (Oregon) No. 45 and Special Purpose Subzones No. 45A, No. 45B and No. 45C at Portland, No. 45D at Pendleton, No. 45E at Tualatin, and No. 45F at Hillsboro 46. Cincinnati (Ohio) No. 46 and Special Purpose Subzones No. 46A at Evendale, No. 46B at Columbus, No. 46D in Shelby County, No. 46E at Cincinnati and No. 46A at Cincinnati 47. Campbell County (Kentucky) No. 47 and Subzone No. 47A at Walton and No. 47C at Erlonger 48. Papago Tucson (Arizona) No. 48 49. Newark/Port Elizabeth (New Jersey) No. 49 and Special Purpose Subzones No. 49B at Linden, No. 49C at New Brunswick, No. 49E at Linden, No. 49G at Bridgewater and Washington Long Beach (California), No. 49H at Plainsboro, No. 49I at Somerville, and No. 49J at Moonachie 50. No. 50 and Special Purpose Subzones No. 50A and No. 50B at San Diego, No. 50C at Perris, No. 50D at Pasadena, No. 50E in Garden Grove and Compton, No. 50F in Seneca, No. 50G in Los Angeles, No. 50H at Long Beach, No. 50I at Los Angeles, No. 50J at Orange County, and No. 50K at Santa Fe Spring 51. Duluth (Minnesota) No. 51 and Special Purpose Subzone No. 51A at Cambridge 52. Suffolk County (Islip, Long Island, New York) No. 52 and Special Purpose Subzone No. 52A at Hauppauge 53. Tulsa Port of Catoosa (Oklahoma) No. 53, and Special Purpose Subzone No. 53B in Lincoln County (Special Purpose Subzone No. 53A at Oklahoma City was withdrawn) 54. Clinton County (New York) No. 54, Site 1 at Plattsburgh and Site 2 at Champlain 55. Burlington (Vermont) No. 55 and Special Purpose Subzones No. 55A at St. Albans and No. 55B at Georgia 56. Oakland (California) No. 56 and Special Purpose Subzone No. 56A at Benicia 57. Mecklenburg County (North Carolina) No. 57 and Special Purpose Subzone No. 57A, No.57B at Asheville, and No. 57C at Concord 58. Bangor (Maine) No. 58 59. Lincoln (Nebraska) No. 59 and Special Purpose Subzone No. 59A at Lincoln 60. Nogales (Arizona) No. 60 61. San Juan (Guaynabo) No. 61 and Special Purpose Subzones No. 61A at Caguas, 61B at Barceloneta, No. 61C at Cidra, No. 61D at Arecibo, No. 61E at Barceloneta, No. 61F at Guayama, No. 61G at Carolina, No. 61H at Guayama, No. 61I at Yubucor, No. 61J at Cidra, and 61K at Barceloneta 62. Brownsville (Texas) No. 62 63. Prince George’s County (Maryland) No. 63 64. Jacksonville (Florida) No. 64 and Special Purpose Subzone No. 64A at Jacksonville 65. Panama City (Florida) No. 65 66. Wilmington (North Carolina) No. 66 and Special Purpose Subzones No. 66A at Burlington and No. 66B at Kernersville 67. Morehead City (North Carolina) No. 67 68. El Paso (Texas) No. 68 70. Detroit Metropolitan Area (Michigan) No. 70 and Special Purpose Subzones No. 70A at Romeo, No. 70B at Detroit, No. 70C at Wayne, No. 70D at Wixom, No. 70E at Dearborn, No. 70F at Ypsilanti, No. 70G at Pontiac, No. 70H at Sterling Heights, No. 70I at Flat Rock, No. 70J at Trenton, No. 70K at Detroit, No. 70L in Orion Township, No. 70M at Lansing, No. 70N at Detroit, No. 70O at Trenton (terminated), and Nos. 70P, 70Q, and 70R at Detroit and No. 70U at Adrian 71. Windsor Locks (Greater Hartford) (Connecticut) No. 71 72. Indianapolis (Indiana) No. 72 and Special Purpose Subzones No. 72A at Kokomo and Nos. 72B, 72C and 72D at Indianapolis, Lafayette, and Clinton, respectively, No. 72E at Indianapolis, No. 72F at Kokomo, No. 72G at New Castle, No. 72H in Tippecanoe County, No. 72I at Greenwood and Indianapolis, No. 72J at Greenwood, No. 72K in Bartholomew County, No. 72L in Indianapolis, Bloomington, and Marion, No. 72M in Rushville, No.72N in Indianapolis, No. 72O in Indianapolis, No. 72P at Indianapolis, No. 72Q at Indianapolis, and 72R at North Vernon 73. Baltimore/Washington International Airport (Maryland) No. 73 and Special Purpose Subzone No. 73A at Walkersville 74. Baltimore (Maryland) No. 74 75. Phoenix (Arizona) No. 75 and Special Purpose Subzones No. 75A at Glendale, No. 75B at Buckeye, No. 75C at Chandler, No. 75D in Phoenix, 75E at Casa Grande, 75F at Phoenix, 75H at Chandler and Tempe, and 75I at Tolleson 76. Bridgeport (Connecticut) No. 76 77. Memphis (Tennessee) No. 77 and Special Purpose Subzones No. 77A, No. 77B at Bartlett, and 77C at Ripley 78. Nashville (Tennessee) No. 78 and Special Purpose Subzones No. 78A at Smyrna, No. 78B at Lebanon, No. 78C at Hartsville, No. 78D at Surgionsville, No. 78E in Maury County, No. 78F in Hawkins County, and No. 78G at Columbia 79. Tampa (Florida) No. 79, and Special Purpose Subzones No. 79A and No. 79B in Tampa 80. San Antonio (Texas) No. 80 and Special Purpose Subzones No. 80A, No. 80B, and No. 80C in San Antonio, and No. 80D in San Angelo 81. Portsmouth (New Hampshire) No. 81 and Special Purpose Subzones No. 81A at Nashua and Merrimack, No. 81B at Colebrook, No. 81C at Newington, and No. 81D at Jaffrey 82. Mobile (Alabama) No. 82 and Special Purpose Subzones No. 82A on Pinto Island, No. 82B in Mobile County, No. 82C at Foley, No. 82D in Dothan, No. 82E at Bucks, No. 82F, No. 82G in Mobile County . No. 82H at Mobile 83. Huntsville (Alabama) No. 83 and Special Purpose Subzones No. 83A in Huntsville and No. 83B in Madison 84. Harris County (Houston)(Texas) No. 84 and Special Purpose Subzones No. 84C in La Porte and No. 84D, No. 84E, No. 84F and No. 84G in Houston, No. 84H and No. 84I in Harris County, and No. 84J, No. 84K, No. 84L, No. 84M in Houston, and No. 84N, No. 84O, No. 84P, No. 84Q at Harris County, No. 84R at Houston, and No. 84S at Katy and Brookshire 85. Everett (Washington) No. 85 86. Tacoma (Washington) No. 86 and Special Purpose Subzones No. 86A at Tacoma, No. 86B at Arlington, 86C at Skagit County, and 86E at Vancouver 87. Lake Charles (Louisiana) No. 87 and Special Purpose Subzones No. 87A and No. 87B in Calcasieu Parish 88. Great Falls (Montana) No. 88 89. Clark County (Nevada) No. 89 and Special Purpose Subzone No. 89A at Las Vegas 90. Greater Syracuse (New York) No. 90 and Special Purpose Subzones No. 90A in Cortland County and No. 90B in Onondaga County 92. Greater Gulfport/Biloxi (Mississippi) No. 92 and Special Purpose Subzones No. 92A at Escatawpa, No. 92B at Pascagoula, No. 92C in Harrison County, and No. 92D in Pascagoula 93. Research Triangle Park of Raleigh/Durham (North Carolina) No. 93 and Special Purpose Subzones No. 93A in Wake County, No. 93B in Raleigh/Durham, No. 93C in Wilson, No. 93D in Goldsboro, No. 93E in Whitsett, No. 93F at Durham, No. 93G at Oxford, and No. 93H at Durham 94. Laredo (Texas) No. 94 95. Rio Grande City - Roma/Starr County (Texas) No. 95 96. Eagle Pass/Maverick County (Texas) No. 96 98. Birmingham (Alabama) No. 98 and Special Purpose Subzone No. 98A in Tuscaloosa County 99. Wilmington and Kent County (Delaware) No. 99 and Special Purpose Subzones No. 99A at Wilmington, No. 99B at Newark and No. 99C at Wilmington, No. 99D at Newark, and No. 99E at New Castle 100. Dayton (Ohio) No. 100 and Special Purpose Subzones No. 100A at Dayton, No. 100B at Keltering, and No. 100C at Dayton 101. Clinton County (Ohio) No. 101 102. St. Louis County (Missouri) No. 102 and Special Purpose Subzones No. 102A at Hazelwood, No. 102B at Wentzville, No. 102C in Jefferson City, Girardeau, Kirksville and West Plains, and No. 102D at St. Louis 103. Grand Forks (North Dakota) No. 103 and No. 103A at Wahpeton 104. Chatham County (Georgia) No. 104 and Special Purpose Subzones No. 104A in Dougherty County, No. 104B in Bullock County, No. 104C in Chatham County, and 104D at Vidalia 105. Providence and North Kingston (Rhode Island) No. 105 106. Oklahoma City (Oklahoma) No. 106 and Special Purpose Subzones No. 106A, No. 106B at Oklahoma City, No. 106 C at Weatherford, No. 106D at Oklahoma City, and No. 106E at Ponca City 107. Des Moines/Polk County (Iowa) No. 107 and Special Purpose Subzone No. 107A at Forest City 108. Valdez (Alaska) No. 108 109. Watertown/Jefferson County (New York) No. 109 and Special Purpose Subzone No. 109A at Watertown 110. Albuquerque (New Mexico) No. 110 and Special Purpose Subzone No. 110A 111. John F. Kennedy International Airport (New York) No. 111 and Special Purpose Subzone No. 111A at St. Albans (Queens) 112. Colorado Springs (Colorado) No. 112 and Special Purpose Subzone No. 112A in Fountain 113. Midlothian (Texas) No. 113 114. Peoria (Illinois) No. 114 and Special Purpose Subzones No. 114A at Peoria, No. 114C at Normal, No. 114D at El Paso, and No. 114E at Champaign 115. Beaumont (Texas) No. 115 and Special Purpose Subzones No. 115A in Jefferson County and 115B in Jefferson and Liberty Counties 116. Port Arthur (Texas) No. 116 and Special Purpose Subzones No. 116A in Port Arthur and No. 116B in Jefferson County 117. Orange (Texas) No. 117 118. Ogdensburg (New York) No. 118 119. Minneapolis/St. Paul (Minnesota) No. 119, and Special Purpose Subzones No. 119A at St. Peter, Nicollet, and Le Sueur, No. 119B at Apple Valley, No. 119C at Howard Lake, No. 119D at Preston, No 119E at Lindstrom, and 119F at Redwood Falls 120. Cowlitz County (Washington) No. 120 121. Albany (New York) No. 121, and Special Purpose Subzones No. 121A and No. 121B in Rensselaer 122. Corpus Christi (Texas) No. 122 and Special Purpose Subzones Nos. 122A through 122J in Nueces County, No. 122K at Corpus Christi, No. 122L in Nueces and San Patricio Counties, No.122M at Three Rivers, No. 122N at Ingleside, and No. 122O at Corpus Christi 123. Denver/City and County (Colorado) No. 123 and Special Purpose Subzone No. 123A in Boulder County, 123B at Broomfield 124. Gramercy (Louisiana) (Parishes of St. Charles, St. John the Baptist and St. James) No. 124 and Special Purpose Subzones No. 124A at Destrehan, No. 124B in Lafourche Parish, and No. 124C in Convent, No. 124D in Lafourche and St. James Parishes, No. 124E in Garyville, and 124G and 124H at Lockport, No. 124I at St. James, and No. 124J at St. James 125. South Bend (Indiana) No. 125 and Special Purpose Subzones No. 125A at South Bend and No. 125B at Middlebury, No. 125C at Elkhart County, and No. 125D at Elkhart 126. Sparks (Nevada) No. 126 and Special Purpose Subzones No. 126B at Carson City 127. West Columbia (South Carolina) No. 127 and Special Purpose Subzone No. 127A at Columbia and No. 127B at Hartsville 128. Lummi Indian Reservation (Whatcom County, Washington) No. 128 129. Bellingham (Washington) No. 129 and Special Purpose Subzone No. 129A at Bellingham 130. Blaine (Washington) No. 130 131. Sumas (Washington) No. 131 132. Coos County (Oregon) No. 132 133. Quad City Customs Port of Entry at Davenport (Iowa) and Milan (Illinois) No. 133 and Special Purpose Subzones No. 133A, No. 133B in Galesburg and Herrin, Illinois respectively and No. 133C at Newton, Iowa, and No. 133D at Davenport 134. Chattanooga (Tennessee) No. 134 and Special Purpose Subzone No. 134A at Chattanooga 135. Palm Beach County (Florida) No. 135 136. Brevard County (Port Canaveral, Florida) No. 136 and Special Purpose Subzones No. 136A at Cocoa and No. 136B and No. 136C at Melbourne 137. Washington Dulles International Airport (Virginia) No. 137 138. Franklin County (Ohio) No. 138 and Special Purpose Subzones No. 138A in the Village of Richwood, Union County, No. 138B in Grove City, No. 138C in Columbia, No. 138D in Beverly and No. 138F at Circleville 139. Sierra Vista (Arizona) No. 139 140. Flint (Michigan) No. 140 and Special Purpose Subzones No. 140A at “Buick City,” Flint and No. 140B at Midland 141. Monroe County (Rochester, New York) No. 141 and Special Purpose Subzones No. 141A at Rochester, No. 141B at Webster, and No. 141C, No. 141D at Rochester, and No. 141A at Rochester 142. Salem (New Jersey) No. 142 and Special Purpose Subzones No. 142A and No. 142B in Gloucester County 143. West Sacramento (Yolo County, California) No. 143 and Special Purpose Subzone No. 143A in Auburn, 143B is Roseville and 143C Sacramento in Yolo 144. Brunswick (Georgia) No. 144 and Special Purpose Subzone No. 144A at Valdosta 145. Caddo Bossier Parishes (Louisiana) No. 145 and Special Purpose Subzone No. 145A at Shreveport 146. Lawrence and Clay Counties (Illinois) No. 146 and Special Purpose Subzones Nos. 146A and 146B in Clay County, No. 146C in Effingham, and No. 146D in Robinson 147. Berks County (Pennsylvania) No. 147 and Special Purpose Subzone No. 147A at Hanover 148. Knox, Blount, Anderson Counties (Tennessee) No. 148 and Special Purpose Subzone No. 148A at Bristol and 148B at Knoxville 149. Brazoria County (Texas) No. 149 and Special Purpose Subzones Nos. 149A and 149B at Freeport, and Nos. 149D, 149E at Brazoria County, No. 149F at Brazoria County and 149G at Brazoria County 150. El Paso (Texas) No. 150 151. Findlay (Ohio) No. 151 and Special Purpose Subzones No. 151A at Findlay and Moraine, No. 151B at Findlay, and No. 151C at McComb 152. Burns Harbor (Indiana) No. 152 and Special Purpose Subzones No. 152A at Lafayette (Indiana) and No. 152B in Whiting 153. San Diego (California) No. 153, and Special Purpose Subzones No. 153A and 153B in San Diego and No. 153C in Chula Vista and No. 153D at Carlsbad 154. Greater Baton Rouge (Louisiana) No. 154 155. Victoria and Calhoun Counties (Texas) No. 155 and Special Purpose Subzones No. 155A and No. 155B at Victoria and No. 155C in Calhoun County 156. Weslaco (Texas) No. 156 and Special Purpose Subzones No. 156A, No. 156B and No. 156C at Weslaco 157. Natrona County (Wyoming) No. 157 158. Vicksburg/Jackson (Mississippi) No. 158 and Special Purpose Subzones No. 158A at Cornith, No. 158B in Meridian, No. 158C at Iuka, and No. 158E at Vicksburg 159. St. Paul Island (Alaska) No. 159 160. Anchorage (Alaska) No. 160 and No. 160A at Kenai 161. Sedgwick County (Kansas) No. 161, and Special Purpose Subzone No. 161A in McPherson 162. North Haven (Connecticut) No. 162 and Subzone No. 162A at West Haven 163. Ponce (Puerto Rico) No. 163 164. Muskogee (Oklahoma) No. 164 165. Midland (Texas) No. 165 and Special Purpose Subzone No. 165A at Borger 166. Homestead (Florida) No. 166 167. Brown County (Wisconsin) No. 167 and Special Purpose Subzones 167A in Hudson, 167B in Osceola and 167C at Plymouth 168. Dallas Fort Worth (Southport Center) (Texas) No. 168 and Special Purpose Subzones 168A at Dallas and 168B at Lewisville 169. Port Manatee (Florida) No. 169 and Special Purpose Subzone No. 169A at Sarasota County 170. Clark County (Indiana) No. 170, and Special Purpose Subzones No. 170A at Indianapolis 171. Liberty County (Texas) No. 171 172. Oneida County (New York) No. 172 173. Grays Harbor County (Washington) No. 173 174. Pima County (Arizona) No. 174 and Special Purpose Subzone No. 174A at Tucson 175. Cedar Rapids (Iowa) No. 175 176. Rockford (Illinois) No. 176 and Special Purpose Subzones No. 176A in Dundee, No. 176B in Loves Park, No. 176C at Belvidere, and No. 176E at Marengo 177. Evansville (Indiana) No. 177 and Special Purpose Subzone No. 177A at Evansville and Mt. Vernon, No. 177B at Indiana and No. 177C at Terre Haute 179. Madawaska (Aroostook County) (Maine) No. 179 and Special Purpose Subzone No. 179A at Madawaska 180. Wynwood (Miami)(Florida) No. 180 181. Akron Canton (Ohio) No. 181 182. Fort Wayne (Indiana) No. 182 183. Central Texas (Austin) (Texas) No. 183 and Special Purpose Subzone No. 183A at Austin 184. Klamath Falls (Oregon) No. 184 185. Culpeper County (Virginia) No. 185, and Special Purpose Subzones No. 185A, No. 185B and No. 185C 186. Waterville (Maine) No. 186 187. Toole County (Montana) No. 187 189. Kent, Ottawa and Muskegon Counties (Michigan) No. 189 and Special Purpose Subzones No. 189A at Kentwood, No. 189B at Muskegon 191. Palmdale (California) No. 191 193. Pinellas County (Florida) No. 193 and Special Purpose Subzone No. 193A at Pinellas County 195. Fairbanks (Alaska) No. 195 196. Alliance Corridor (Fort Worth/Denton Area) (Texas) No. 196 197. Dona Ana County (New Mexico) No. 197 198. Volusia County (Florida) No. 198 199. Texas City (Texas) No. 199 and Special Purpose Subzones No. 199A, No. 199B, No. 199C, No. 199D at Texas City, and No. 199E at Texas City 200. Mercer County (New Jersey) No. 200 201. Holyoke (Massachusetts) No. 201 and Special Purpose Subzone No. 201A at Holyoke 202. Los Angeles (California) No. 202, and Special Purpose Subzones No.202A in Los Angelas, No. 202B in El Segundo, No. 202C in Los Angeles, and No. 202D at Lebec 203. Moses Lake (Washington) No. 203 and Special Purpose Subzone No. 203A at Moses Lake 204. Tri City Area (Tennessee, Virginia) No. 204 205. Ventura County (California) No. 205 and Special Purpose Subzone No. 205A at Camarillo 206. Medford-Jackson County (Oregon) No. 206 and Special Purpose Subzone No. 206A at White City 207. Richmond (Virginia) No. 207 and Special Purpose Subzone 207A in Altavista, No. 207B at Richmond, No. 207C at Blackstone 208. New London (Connecticut) No. 208 and Special Purpose Subzone No. 208A at Groton 210. St. Clair County (Michigan) No. 210 211. Anniston (Alabama) No. 211 212. Tacoma (Washington) No. 212 213. Fort Myers (Florida) No. 213 214. Lenoir County (North Carolina) No. 214 and Special Purpose Subzone No. 210A at Brattleboro 215. Sebring (Florida) No. 215 216. Olympia (Washington) No. 216 217. Ocala (Florida) No. 217 218. St. Lucie County (Florida) No. 218 219. Yuma County (Arizona) No. 219, and Special Purpose Subzones No.219A and 219B in Yuma 220. Sioux Falls (South Dakota) No. 220 221. Mesa (Arizona) No. 221 222. Montgomery (Alabama) No. 222 and Special Purpose Subzone No. 222A at Montgomery 223. Memphis (Tennessee) No. 223 224. Spokane (Washington) No. 224 225. Springfield (Missouri) No. 225 226. Merced, Madera & Fresno Counties (California) No. 226 227. Durant (Oklahoma) No. 227 and Special Purpose Subzone No. 227A at Ardmore 229. Charleston (West Virginia) No. 229 and Special Purpose Subzone No. 229B at Belle 230. Guilford, Forsyth, Davidson and Surry Counties (North Carolina) No. 230 and Special Purpose Subzone No. 230A at Lansing 231. Stockton (California) No. 231 and Special Purpose Subzone No. 231A at Lathrop 232. Kodiak Island (Alaska) No. 232 233. Dothan (Alabama) No. 233 234. Gregg County (Texas) No. 234 and Special Purpose Subzone No. 234A at Longview and No. 234B at Longview 235. Lakewood (New Jersey) No. 235 236. City of Palm Springs (California) No. 236 237. Santa Maria (California) No. 237 238. Dublin (Virginia) No. 238 239. Terre Haute (Indiana) No. 239 240. Martinsburg (West Virginia) No. 240 241. Fort Lauderdale (Florida) No. 241 242. Boundary County (Idaho) No. 242 243. Victorville (California) No. 243 and Special Purpose Subzone No. 243A at Rialto 244. Riverside County (California) No. 244 245. Decatur (Illinois) No. 245 and Special Purpose Subzone No. 245A at Decatur 246. Waco (Texas) No. 246 247. Erie (Pennsylvania) No. 247 248. Eureka (California) No. 248 249. Pensacola (Florida) No. 249 and Special Purpose Subzone 249A at Pensacola 250. Seminole County (Florida) No. 250 251. Edinburg (Texas) No. 251 252. Amarillo, (Texas) No. 252 253. Butte County (California) No. 253 254. Jefferson County (Pennsylvania) No. 254 255. Washington County (Maryland) No. 255 256. (Roswell) New Mexico No. 256 257. Imperial County (California) No. 257 258. Bowie County, (Texas) No. 258 259. Koochiching County, (Minnesota) No. 259 and Special Purpose Subzone 259A at Thief River Fall 260. Lubbock (Texas) No. 260 261. Alexandria (Louisiana) No. 261 262. Southaven (Mississippi) No. 262 263. Auburn (Maine) No. 263 264. Washington County (Ohio) No. 264 265. Conroe, Montgomery County (Texas) No. 265 and Special Purpose Subzone No. 265A at Montgomery 266. Dane County, (Wisconsin) No. 266 267. Fargo (North Dakota) No. 267 268. Brattleboro, Vermont No. 268 269. Athens (Texas) No. 269 270. Lawrence County (Ohio) No. 270 271. Jo-Daviess And Carroll Counties (Illinois) No. 271 272. Lehigh Valley (Pennsylvania) No. 272 Alphabetical Index to Free Trade Zones by States in the United States

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Book SynopsisThe financial crisis that engulfed global markets in 2008 created an acute need for improved international economic cooperation. Despite the G20’s prominent coordination role, the regulatory response to the crisis has varied considerably across governance arenas. This book focuses on international taxation and examines how the financial crisis prompted renewed attempts to enhance international tax transparency and confront tax havens. It highlights the complexity of international regime change and the significance of national and financial interests, international organizations, domestic politics and the emerging G20 leaders forum in this process.This timely book highlights the challenges in post-financial crisis global economic governance, information that will strongly appeal to scholars and graduate students in the fields of political science, international political economy, global governance, international taxation and law. Stakeholders in the international tax regime including diplomats and tax administrators, international organizations, NGO and business representatives will also find plenty of enriching information in this study.Trade Review‘This book is an exceptionally interesting and well-researched analysis of one of the most important reforms in global governance that have been put into place in the wake of the global financial crisis that began in 2007. Eccleston insightfully draws on and contributes to theories of global governance, explaining the surprisingly innovative and successful aspects of the global arrangements for combating tax evasion while also highlighting their deficiencies.’ -- Tony Porter, McMaster University, Canada‘In the atmosphere of fiscal emergency after the financial crisis, international tax policy has become a critical concern. There is no better guide to inter-linked political and economic challenges that result than Richard Eccleston’s new book, The Dynamics of Global Economic Governance. Eccleston provides a detailed and authoritative guide to global tax governance after the financial crisis, and makes a highly persuasive case that the current international tax regime is fundamentally flawed in its efforts to combat tax evasion.’ -- Jason Sharman, Griffith University, AustraliaTable of ContentsContents: Introduction: The Financial Crisis and the Politics of International Tax Cooperation 1. Governing International Taxation: Problems and Challenges 2. The Dynamics of Global Governance 3. Politics Without Conviction: The OECD’s Failed Harmful Tax Competition Initiative 4. The Financial Crisis and the Politics of International Tax Cooperation 5. The Domestic Politics of International Tax Cooperation in the United States and Switzerland 6. Beyond the Financial Crisis: Regime Implementation and Effectiveness Conclusion: Regime Dynamics and the Sustainability of International Tax Cooperation Index

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Book SynopsisThe recent financial crisis has stimulated much debate on the governance of financial institutions, as well as research on the effects of governance arrangements on risk-taking, performance and financial institutions more generally. Furthermore, researchers are asking how regulation, legislation, politics and other factors influence the governance of financial institutions and their behavior in different dimensions. The specially commissioned contributions featured in this timely Handbook confront these complex issues. The contributors - top international scholars from finance, law and business - explore the role of governance, both internal and external, in explaining risk-taking and other aspects of the behavior of financial institutions. Additionally, they discuss market and policy features affecting objectives and quality of governance. The chapters provide in-depth analysis of factors such as: ownership, efficiency and stability; market discipline; compensation and performance; social responsibility; and governance in non-bank financial institutions. Only through this kind of rigorous examination can one hope to implement the financial reforms necessary and sufficient to reduce the likelihood and severity of future crises. Bringing the reader to the frontier of research on governance of financial institutions, this volume is sure to inspire future research in scholars and students of financial institutions, governance and banking. Practitioners in financial institutions and public regulatory and supervisory authorities will also find much of value and insight in this book. Contributors: E. Arbak, F. Arnaboldi, R. Ayadi, J.R. Barth, T. Berglund, A.W.A. Boot, D. Brash, B. Casu, Y. Chang, H. Choe, W.P. De Groen, J.K. Dietrich, W. Dolde, R. Galema, S. Gangopadhyay, C. Girardone, P.A. Gompers, Y. Gong, C.A.E. Goodhart, B.E. Gup, J. Hagendorff, I. Hasan, R.J. Herring, A.G.F. Hoepner, J. Houston, J. Itzkowitz, J.D. Knopf, S. Koibuchi, R.M. Lastra, B. Lee, R. Lensink, L. Li, C. Lin, Y. Ma, P. MacKay, M. Marinc, D.G. Mayes, R. Mersland, R. Mohan, P. Molyneux, A. Mullineux, A. Naranjo, A.A. Palvia, A.P. Prabha, H.L. Root, W. Sawangngoenyuang, S.K. Shanthi, C.-H. Shen, F.M. Song, L. Song, K.R. Spong, T. Subhanij, R.J. Sullivan, F. Vallascas, P.J. Wallison, I. Walter, L.J. White, C. Wihlborg, T.D. Willett, J.O.S. Wilson, Y. Xuan, Z. ZhouTable of ContentsContents: Foreword 1 by Franklin Allen Foreword 2 by Harald Benink Foreword 3 by Gerard Caprio and Ross Levine Introduction and Overview James R. Barth, Chen Lin and Clas Wihlborg PART I: OWNERSHIP, EFFICIENCY AND STABILITY 1. Bank Governance: Concepts and Measurements Frank M. Song and Li Li 2. Bank Ownership and Performance: A Global Perspective Iftekhar Hasan and Liang Song 3. Is There a Conflict between Competition and Financial Stability? Barbara Casu, Claudia Girardone and Philip Molyneux 4. What Drives Bank Operating Efficiency? The Role of Bank Competition and Credit Information Sharing Chen Lin, Yue Ma and Frank M. Song 5. Corporate Borrower Nationality and Global Presence: Cross-Country Evidence on the Pricing of Syndicated Bank Loans Joel Houston, Jennifer Itzkowitz and Andy Naranjo 6. Lessons Learned from Recent Financial Crises Benton E. Gup PART II: COMPENSATION, PERFORMANCE AND RISK 7. Bank Ownership and Risk Taking: Improving Corporate Governance in Banking after the Crisis Kenneth R. Spong and Richard J. Sullivan 8. Executive Compensation and Risk-taking in European Banking Rym Ayadi, Emrah Arbak and Willem Pieter De Groen 9. CEO Pay and Risk-taking in Banking: The Roles of Bonus Plans and Deferred Compensation in Curbing Bank Risk-taking Jens Hagendorff and Francesco Vallascas 10. Bank Failures and CEO Compensation Walter Dolde and John D. Knopf 11. Restricting Risk-taking by Financial Intermediaries through Executive Compensation Tom Berglund PART III: MARKET DISCIPLINE: PREREQUISITES AND EFFECTIVENESS 12. The Lost Cause: The Failure of the Financial Crisis Inquiry Commission Peter J. Wallison 13. Market Discipline for Financial Institutions and Markets for Information Apanard P. Prabha, Clas Wihlborg and Thomas D. Willett 14. Moral Hazard, Bank Resolution and the Protection of Depositors David G. Mayes 15. The Governance of ‘Too Big to Fail’ Banks Andy Mullineux 16. Incentives to Improve the Corporate Governance of Risk in Financial Institutions Richard J. Herring PART IV: GOVERNANCE, REGULATION AND SUPERVISION 17. The Boundary Problems in Financial Regulation Charles A.E. Goodhart and Rosa M. Lastra 18. Financial Architecture, Prudential Regulation and Organizational Structure Ingo Walter 19. Corporate Governance and Prudential Regulation of Banks: Is There Any Connection? Lawrence J. White 20. The Policy Conundrum of Financial Market Complexity Hilton L. Root 21. The Future of Financial Regulation: Reflections from an Emerging Market Perspective Rakesh Mohan PART V: GOVERNANCE, STRATEGY AND SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY 22. Financial Innovations, Marketability and Stability in Banking Arnoud W.A. Boot and Matej Marinč 23. Bank Acquisitions and Strategy since the GLB Act J. Kimball Dietrich 24. Social, Environmental, Ethical and Trust (SEET) Issues in Banking: An Overview Andreas G.F. Hoepner and John O.S. Wilson 25. Corporate Social Responsibility, Financial Performance and Selection Bias: Evidence from Taiwan’s TWSE-listed Banks Chung-Hua Shen and Yuan Chang PART VI: GOVERNANCE IN NON-BANK FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS 26. Management Turnover, Regulatory Oversight and Performance: Evidence from Community Banks Ajay A. Palvia 27. Redeemability as Governance: A Study of Closed-end and Open-end Funds under Common Management Peter MacKay 28. The Role of Venture Capitalists in the Acquisition of Private Companies Paul A. Gompers and Yuhai Xuan 29. Governance and Microfinance Institutions Rients Galema, Robert Lensink and Roy Mersland PART VII: REGIONAL AND COUNTRY STUDIES 30. Bank Governance: The Case of New Zealand Don Brash 31. Corporate Governance in European Banking Francesca Arnaboldi and Barbara Casu 32. Debt Forgiveness during Japan’s Lost Decade Satoshi Koibuchi 33. Corporate Governance of Banks in Korea Heungsik Choe and Byungyoon Lee 34. Banking Regulatory Governance in China: A Legal Perspective Yufeng Gong and Zhongfei Zhou 35. Corporate Governance and Bank Performance in Thailand Tientip Subhanij and Wanvimol Sawangngoenyuang 36. Governance Issues in Indian Microfinance Shubhashis Gangopadhyay and S.K. Shanthi Index

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Book SynopsisForeign Direct Investment in China is one of the most comprehensive studies of FDI in China and provides a remarkable background of information on the evolution of China's FDI policies over the last 30 years. Chunlai Chen presents a compelling and thorough analysis of the leading theoretical explanations of FDI and a series of rigorous empirical examinations of the location determinants of FDI. He provides a comprehensive analysis of the differences in investment and production behavior between the major investors as well as an in-depth investigation of the impacts of FDI on China's economy. This book is a highly focused and unique work of theoretical analysis and empirical study of FDI in China. It is a valuable and important reference for scholars and students who are interested in FDI in general and in Chinese economic studies in particular.Trade ReviewFor readers looking for a comprehensive rigorously quantitative analysis of foreign direct investment (FDI) in China, there is no better work than Chunlai Chen's Foreign Direct Investment in China. In the book he analyzes a wide range of issues ranging from the contribution of FDI to China's growth to why FDI is concentrated in certain Chinese provinces and not others. Readers with an economics or statistical background will get the most out of the book, but it is accessible and informative for many others. - --Dwight H. Perkins, Harvard University, USTable of ContentsContents: Foreword by Christopher Findlay Preface 1. Introduction 2. The Evolution and Main Features of China’s FDI Laws and Policies Part I: Location Determinants 3. Location Determinants of FDI and China’s Performance in Attracting FDI Inflows 4. The Impact of China on FDI Inflows into Other Developing Countries 5. Provincial Characteristics and the FDI Location Decision within China Part II: Investor Differences 6. Composition and Investment Intensity of Source Countries in China 7. FDI in Manufacturing and Comparison of Overseas Chinese Affiliates and Foreign Country Affiliates Part III: Economic Impacts 8. The Contribution of FDI to China’s Economic Growth 9. Spillover Effects of FDI on China’s Domestic Firms’ Productivity 10. Spillover Effects of FDI on China’s Domestic Firms’ Exports 11. Conclusion, Policy Implications and Prospects References Index

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Book SynopsisOn the Brink of Deglobalization addresses the breakdown of international trade and capital flows in 2008/09 and challenges the mainstream narrative for the world trade collapse. Detailed chapters on international finance, fragmentation of production, protectionism and earlier episodes of collapsing trade reveal data that contradicts conventional explanations and demonstrates that the trade collapse was driven by the shock of (perceived) trade uncertainty. Peter van Bergeijk discusses why trade barriers and import substitution are seen as solutions during depressions while presenting empirical evidence demonstrating the risks of such policies. This book provides a broad, historical and statistical analysis relevant to understanding the recent world trade collapse. Being the first comprehensive analysis of the risks and drivers of deglobalization, this unique and challenging book will appeal to trade economists, trade policymakers and analysts as well as those involved in international business.Trade Review'Peter van Bergeijk has written a fascinating book on the recent trade collapse, that in size can only be compared to the (trade) crises of the 1930s. There are at least two reasons to read the book. The first is to get a better understanding why the world has witnessed a dramatic decline of international trade. Peter van Bergeijk systematically analyzes the standard explanations that are given for this collapse, for example those put forward by the WTO, and concludes that most are wrong or unconvincing, and provides his own thought provoking explanation: risk and uncertainty. The second reason to read the book is that it provides all those interested in international trade a clear and interesting introduction to understand the world of international trade and learn a great deal along the way, and not only about the recent trade collapse.' -- Steven Brakman, University of Groningen, The NetherlandsTable of ContentsContents: Preface 1. Introduction: Setting the Stage 2. From Peak to Trough 3. The Trade Finance Confusion: Tales of Capital, Finance, Credit and Trade 4. The International Value Chain Myth 5. Protectionism is Just Around the Corner! 6. An Alternative Hypothesis: The Forgotten Role of Trade Uncertainty 7. Let Us Test the Theories 8. Too Early to Tell? References Index

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Book SynopsisWith this Handbook, Miroslav Jovanovic has provided readers with both an excellent stand-alone original reference book as well as an integral part of a comprehensive three-volume set. This introduction into a rich and expanding academic and practical world of international economic integration also provides a theoretical and analytical framework to the reader, presenting select analytical studies and encouraging further research. International Handbook on the Economics of Integration, Volume II covers three broad themes: competition, spatial location of economic activity and financial issues. With 20 chapters written by 34 eminent authors, this comprehensive Handbook begins by examining competition and industrial policies from a European perspective. It goes on to discuss the geography of production looking at the spatial (locational) effects of economic integration from various theoretical, regional and practical angles. The third and final part of the Handbook analyses monetary issues linked with economic integration at both the European and global level, as well as fiscal matters dealing with tax competition, taxation puzzles and a review of European experiences. Contributors to this major reference work include eminent authors, some of whom contributed to the creation of economic integration theory from the outset. The authors not only survey the literature, but also present their own arguments and new ideas in order to offer a new perspective, as well as discussing the issues they believe are essential in the field. Each of the insightful chapters is approachable not only to graduate students, scholars, researchers and policymakers, but also to advanced undergraduate students.Trade Review‘This Handbook provides a comprehensive tour and in-depth analysis of the principal economic dimensions of economic intregration and the global economy. Due to diverse range of themes dealt with by the Handbook’s authors it is inevitable that the reader may agree or disagree with the expressed views , but in this lies the Handbook’s significance in that it will inspire more research, articles and books on the subjects covered. In sum, the Handbook provides a wide array of source material and information for potential future research. I would recommend this Handbook to every university library and anyone, scholars and practitioners alike, interested in the far-reaching strands of international economics and integration.’ -- Isidora Ljumović, Journal of Economic Integration‘International Handbook on the Economics of Integration edited by Miroslav Jovanović provides timely and rich academic contributions to considerations of the widest array of integration-related issues. European integration has been providing an inspiration to a number of academics and researchers. The Handbook is a recognition of the dynamic and strong solidarity of European integration. At the same time, the European Union often provided an example for integration schemes throughout the world which spread enormously since the mid-1990s. Leading experts from all continents contributed to this Handbook which will be a valuable input into academic and policy-making discussions and actions.’ -- José Manuel Barroso, President of the European Commission‘Miroslav Jovanović’s publication represents a rich contribution to the complex issue of regional integration, its benefits, its shortcomings, and its relationship with multilateral trade opening. It sheds light over an issue which is the subject of intense discussions in trade circles.’ -- Pascal Lamy, Director-General of the WTO‘Much has been written on trade agreements as a mechanism to integrate the markets of two or more countries - often inspired by the European example. In recent years, attention has increasingly focused on the importance of economic geography as a determinant of industrial location. This book combines the two strands of analysis, bringing together leading experts in the fields of economic geography and international trade. The result is an outstanding compilation of papers that illuminate how policies and economic forces affect the location of economic activity in an integrated Europe.’ -- Bernard Hoekman, Director, The World Bank, USTable of ContentsContents: Foreword Nicolas Levrat Introductory Note Petko Draganov Preface Introduction PART I: COMPETITION AND INDUSTRIAL ISSUES 1. Institutional Competition in the European Union: Causes and Consequences of the Drive to Harmonise Victoria Curzon Price 2. European Industrial Policy: Perspectives, Trends and a Sustainability-focused New Framework Christos N. Pitelis and Pellumb Kelmendi 3. European Economic Integration and Network Industries Pierre-André Buigues and Roderick Meiklejohn 4. Economic Integration and the Technological Capabilities of Domestic Firms Alvaro Cuervo-Cazurra and C. Annique Un 5. Theoretical Models of Heterogeneity, Growth and Competitiveness: Insights from the Mainstream and Evolutionary Economics Paradigms Fulvio Castellacci PART II: GEOGRAPHY AND LOCATION OF FIRMS AND INDUSTRIES 6. Market Integration: Trade versus Economic Geography Joe Tharakan and Jacques-François Thisse 7. Spatial Effects of Economic Integration: A Conceptualisation from Regional Growth and Location Theories Roberto Camagni and Roberta Capello 8. Economic Integration and Industry Reallocations: Some Theory with Numbers Kristian Behrens, Giordano Mion and Gianmarco I.P. Ottaviano 9. How the Sequence of Trade Liberalisation Affects Industrial Location Mary Amiti 10. Economic Integration, Regional Policy and the Location of Industry in a Multiregion Framework Rikard Forslid 11. Regional Integration of Production Systems and Spatial Income Disparities in East Asia Masahisa Fujita and Nobuaki Hamaguchi 12. Industrial Clusters and Economic Integration: Theoretic Concepts and an Application to the European Metropolitan Region Nuremberg Nicole Litzel and Joachim Möller 13. The Opening Up of Eastern Europe at 20: Jobs, Skills and Reverse Maquiladoras in Austria and Germany Dalia Marin 14. Persistent Distance Decay Effects in International Trade Gert-Jan M. Linders, Henri L.F. de Groot, Raymond J.G.M. Florax and Peter Nijkamp PART III: MONETARY AND FISCAL ISSUES 15. The International Monetary Fund John Williamson 16. Asymmetric Shocks and Monetary Disintegration: The Case of the Eurozone Franco Praussello 17. Puzzles Over International Taxation of Cross-border Flows of Capital Income John Whalley 18. European Financial Integration: Economic Aspects, the Existing Legal Framework and the Way Ahead Christos V. Gortsos 19. Fiscal Integration in the European Union Frans Vanistendael 20. Tax Competition and the Harmonisation of Corporate Tax Rates in Europe Killian J. McCarthy, Frederik van Doorn and Brigitte Unger Index

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Book Synopsis`International Handbook of Economic Integration edited by Miroslav Jovanović provides timely and rich academic contributions to considerations of the widest array of integration-related issues. European integration has been providing an inspiration to a number of academics and researchers. The Handbook is a recognition of the dynamic and strong solidarity of the European integration. At the same time, the European Union often provided an example for integration schemes throughout the world which spread enormously since the mid-1990s. Leading experts from all continents contributed to this Handbook which will be a valuable input into academic and policy-making discussions and actions.' - José Manuel Barroso, President of the European Commission `Miroslav Jovanović's publication represents a rich contribution to the complex issue of regional integration, its benefits, its shortcomings, and its relationship with multilateral trade opening. It sheds light over an issue which is the subject of intense discussions in trade circles.' - Pascal Lamy, Director-General of the WTO `Much has been written on trade agreements as a mechanism to integrate the markets of two of more countries - often inspired by the European example. In recent years, attention has increasingly focused on the importance of economic geography as a determinant of industrial location. This book combines the two strands of analysis, bringing together leading experts in the fields of economic geography and international trade. The result is an outstanding compilation of papers that illuminate how policies and economic forces affect the location of economic activity in an integrated Europe.' - Bernard Hoekman, Director, The World Bank, US `The open multilateral trading system is a tremendous success of the past half century, and has contributed greatly to the world's unprecedented rate of economic growth. Over the past two decades however, preferential trading arrangements have proliferated, raising questions as to how compatible they are with the open multilateral system, and what policies might be adopted to improve outcomes. The essays in this volume detail the emergence of PTAS and provide comprehensive and up-to-date analyses of the state of play of preferential arrangements in all regions of the world. The volume will provide a useful reference for all those wanting to understand existing preferential arrangements and their role in the international economy today.' - Anne O. Krueger, Johns Hopkins University and Stanford University, US `Economic integration is a complex and multifaceted giant, with a myriad aspects ranging from regional and global concentration and dispersal of economic activity to social and political consequences for individuals and communities in developed and developing countries alike. This landmark, three volume collection of chapters by leading authors, drawn from many fields, is a worthy and timely contribution to the analysis of a phenomenon with profound implications for the future world economy - and its governance.' - James Zhan, Director, Investment & Enterprise Division, UNCTAD With this Handbook, Miroslav Jovanović has provided readers with both an excellent stand-alone original reference book as well as an integral part of a comprehensive three-volume set. This introduction into a rich and expanding academic and practical world of international economic integration also provides a theoretical and analytical framework to the reader, presenting select analytical studies and encouraging further research. International Handbook on the Economics of Integration, Volume III covers three broad themes: factor mobility (transnational corporations and labour migration); agriculture and environment; and quantitative studies of integration effects. A removal of barriers for the mobility of factors in certain integration arrangements among countries has an impact on the mobility of capital, firms and individuals within the group. Various aspects of this factor mobility are analysed in eight detailed chapters. The second theme of the Handbook is devoted to agriculture and environment. This is of great global relevance as the Common Agricultural Policy of the EU has been a bone of contention in international relations over several decades. Finally, seven quantitative studies of the effects of integration attempt to measure various potential benefits of regional integration efforts. Contributors to this major reference work include eminent authors, some of whom contributed to the creation of economic integration theory from the outset. The authors not only survey the literature, but also present their own arguments and new ideas in order to offer a new perspective, as well as discussing the issues they believe are essential in the field. Each of the insightful chapters is approachable not only to graduate students, scholars, researchers and policymakers, but also to advanced undergraduate students.Trade Review‘This Handbook provides a comprehensive tour and in-depth analysis of the principal economic dimensions of economic intregration and the global economy. Due to diverse range of themes dealt with by the Handbook’s authors it is inevitable that the reader may agree or disagree with the expressed views , but in this lies the Handbook’s significance in that it will inspire more research, articles and books on the subjects covered. In sum, the Handbook provides a wide array of source material and information for potential future research. I would recommend this Handbook to every university library and anyone, scholars and practitioners alike, interested in the far-reaching strands of international economics and integration.’ -- Isidora Ljumovic, Journal of Economic Integration‘International Handbook on the Economics of Integration edited by Miroslav Jovanovic provides timely and rich academic contributions to considerations of the widest array of integration-related issues. European integration has been providing an inspiration to a number of academics and researchers. The Handbook is a recognition of the dynamic and strong solidarity of European integration. At the same time, the European Union often provided an example for integration schemes throughout the world which spread enormously since the mid-1990s. Leading experts from all continents contributed to this Handbook which will be a valuable input into academic and policy-making discussions and actions.’ -- José Manuel Barroso, President of the European Commission‘Miroslav Jovanovic’s publication represents a rich contribution to the complex issue of regional integration, its benefits, its shortcomings, and its relationship with multilateral trade opening. It sheds light over an issue which is the subject of intense discussions in trade circles.’ -- Pascal Lamy, Director-General of the WTO‘Much has been written on trade agreements as a mechanism to integrate the markets of two or more countries – often inspired by the European example. In recent years, attention has increasingly focused on the importance of economic geography as a determinant of industrial location. This book combines the two strands of analysis, bringing together leading experts in the fields of economic geography and international trade. The result is an outstanding compilation of papers that illuminate how policies and economic forces affect the location of economic activity in an integrated Europe.’ -- Bernard Hoekman, Director, The World Bank, US‘The open multilateral trading system is a tremendous success of the past half century, and has contributed greatly to the world’s unprecedented rate of economic growth. Over the past two decades however, preferential trading arrangements have proliferated, raising questions as to how compatible they are with the open multilateral system, and what policies might be adopted to improve outcomes. The essays in this volume detail the emergence of PTAS and provide comprehensive and up-to-date analyses of the state of play of preferential arrangements in all regions of the world. The volume will provide a useful reference for all those wanting to understand existing preferential arrangements and their role in the international economy today.’ -- Anne O. Krueger, Johns Hopkins University and Stanford University, US‘Economic integration is a complex and multifaceted giant, with a myriad aspects ranging from regional and global concentration and dispersal of economic activity to social and political consequences for individuals and communities in developed and developing countries alike. This landmark, three volume collection of chapters by leading authors, drawn from many fields, is a worthy and timely contribution to the analysis of a phenomenon with profound implications for the future world economy – and its governance.’ -- James Zhan, Director, Investment & Enterprise Division, UNCTADTable of ContentsContents: Foreword Nicolas Levrat Introductory Note Petko Draganov Preface Introduction PART I: FACTOR MOBILITY Section 1. Transnational Corporations 1. Foreign Direct Investment and Economic Integration Christos N. Pitelis 2. An Enlarged EU, Institutional Challenges and European Competitiveness John H. Dunning and Jeremy Clegg 3. The Integration and Fragmentation Roles of Transnational Companies Grazia Ietto-Gillies 4. Multinational Enterprises and Regional Economic Integration: Rethinking Key Metrics in International Business Alan M. Rugman and Chang Hoon Oh 5. Economic Integration from Above and Below with the Evidence of Japanese MNEs in Europe Ken-ichi Ando 6. International Mergers and Acquisitions A. Edward Safarian Section 2. Labour Migration 7. Migration, Ethnicity and Economic Integration Amelie F. Constant and Klaus F. Zimmermann 8. Reforming the System of International Migration Slobodan Djajić PART II: AGRICULTURE AND ENVIRONMENT 9. European Integration and Agricultural Protection: An Introduction Piet van den Noort 10. The Reforms of the Common Agricultural Policy Huib Silvis and Roel Jongeneel 11. Agricultural Policy as a Barrier to Global Economic Integration Kym Anderson and Ernesto Valenzuela 12. The Differential Impact of Economic Integration on Environmental Policy Jale Tosun and Christoph Knill PART III: QUANTIFICATION OF EFFECTS OF INTEGRATION 13. Estimating the Effects of Integration Nigel Grimwade, David G. Mayes and Jiao Wang 14. The Quantitative Effects of European Post-war Economic Integration Harald Badinger and Fritz Breuss 15. Measuring the Extent and Costs of EU Protectionism Vo Phuong Mai Le, Patrick Minford and Eric Nowell 16. Econometric Evaluation of EU Cohesion Policy: A Survey Tobias Hagen and Philipp Mohl 17. Policy Liberalisation and US Integration with the Global Economy: Trade and Investment between 1980 and 2006 Gary Hufbauer and Matthew Adler 18. GATT/WTO Membership and its Effect on Trade: Where Do We Stand? Andrew K. Rose 19. Do Economic Integration Agreements Lead to Deeper Integration of Services Markets? Juan A. Marchetti Index

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Book Synopsis`The Estey Centre Journal of International Law and Trade Policy has become required reading among trade policy specialists, not least for Bill Kerr's "Editor's Pages" essay in each volume. Kerr has the ability in a dozen pages to engage, inform and entertain the reader with his careful scholarship, interesting choice of topic and highly-readable style. Kerr sets the tone for the volume and whets the appetite for the other articles. Over the ten years of the Estey Journal's life Kerr's pages have drawn our attention to a range of trade-law topics from the golf-club-like voting rules of the WTO to the delights of sipping incorrectly-labeled port. The decision to bring these twenty short papers together in a volume was inspired. Students and teachers will benefit from the convenience of the collection as source material for classes on trade law and policy. But above all, scholars in the fascinating area of the interplay of economics and law in multilateral trade institutions will have the wisdom of Bill Kerr readily to hand.' - Tim Josling, Stanford University, US After 15 years the WTO is not functioning as envisioned and is faced with many new trade challenges − climate change, terrorism, pandemics, genetically modified organisms, food safety − which it is ill-equipped to handle. Conflict, Chaos and Confusion sheds light on this deep and acute crisis, focusing on contentious and complex new trade issues and how they will affect international trade in the future. William Kerr demonstrates that there is no obvious way forward out of the current antagonistic climate. In the absence of any constructive initiatives the system appears chaotic. Everyone from seasoned trade policy veterans, business people engaging in international transactions, to domestic politicians and voters seem confused and apprehensive given the complexity of the problems brought by globalization. In just over a decade, the WTO has gone from an institution that was imbued with considerable optimism to one in deep crisis. The author explores in detail the major issues confronting the international trading system that have hitherto not enjoyed a great deal of attention. He provides insights that will inform the debate and discounts some of the simplistic solutions that are all too often proffered. Informative, accessible and thought provoking, this book combines economic analysis with law, political science and institutional development within an historical context. As such, it will prove a fascinating read for a wide ranging audience encompassing academics and students of economics, international economics and international law, trade officials in both governments and NGOs, as well as trade policymakers in developing and developed countries.Trade Review‘The Estey Centre Journal of International Law and Trade Policy has become required reading among trade policy specialists, not least for Bill Kerr’s “Editor’s Pages” essay in each volume. Kerr has the ability in a dozen pages to engage, inform and entertain the reader with his careful scholarship, interesting choice of topic and highly-readable style. Kerr sets the tone for the volume and whets the appetite for the other articles. Over the ten years of the Estey Journal’s life Kerr’s pages have drawn our attention to a range of trade-law topics from the golf-club-like voting rules of the WTO to the delights of sipping incorrectly-labeled port. The decision to bring these twenty short papers together in a volume was inspired. Students and teachers will benefit from the convenience of the collection as source material for classes on trade law and policy. But above all, scholars in the fascinating area of the interplay of economics and law in multilateral trade institutions will have the wisdom of Bill Kerr readily to hand.’ -- Tim Josling, Stanford University, USTable of ContentsContents: Preface Part I: The Institutions of International Trade 1. A New World Chaos? International Institutions in the Information Age 2. Taming the Dragon: The WTO after the Accession of China co-authored with A.L. Hobbs 3. Homeland Security and the Rules of International Trade 4. A Club No More – The WTO after Doha Part II: Economic Issues in International Commercial Policy 5. International Harmonisation and the Gains from Trade 6. Dumping – One of Those Economic Myths 7. Special and Differential Treatment: A Mechanism to Promote Development? 8. Science-based Rules of Trade – A Mantra for Some, Anathema for Others 9. The Efficacy of TRIPS: Incentives, Capacity and Threats 10. Enjoying a Good Port with a Clear Conscience: Geographic Indicators, Rent Seeking and Development 11. Recession, International Trade and the Fallacies of Composition Part III: The Conduct of Trade Negotiations 12. Vested Interests in Queuing and the Loss of the WTO's Club Good: The Long-run Costs of US Bilateralism 13. Too Smart for Their Own Good! Complexity, Capacity and Credence in Trade Negotiations 14. Trade Agreements: The Important Role of Transparency 15. ‘Waiting for Godot’ or Riding the Orient Express? Trade Negotiations and the Global Audience Part IV: The Future of the International Trading System 16. Is it time to Re-think the WTO? A Return to the Basics 17. The Changing Nature of Protectionism: Are ‘Free Traders’ Up to the Challenges it Presents? 18. Who Should Make the Rules of Trade? The Complex Issue of Multilateral Environmental Agreements 19. Political Precaution, Pandemics and Protectionism 20. International Trade Education: Do We Need a New Model for the Global Market? Index

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Book SynopsisThe past decade has witnessed a surge in interest in the area of financial globalization and economic performance. This was stimulated by the 1997-1998 Asian financial crisis after plans to adopt full capital account liberalization by IMF member states failed. Scholars have since focused on the dangers that may result from foreign-exchange crises and increased market volatility. This essential volume brings together the seminal contributions to this important field and will be of great value to lectures and students, as well as politicians and officials involved in international economic policy making.Trade Review‘Here are the key classics on financial globalization one needs to read to understand what is going on in the world. Not only the hard economic contributions are included, but also the key economic history and political economy papers. Great for researchers, students and interested laymen.’ -- Rick Van der Ploeg, University of Oxford, UKTable of ContentsContents: Acknowledgements Introduction Hans Visser PART I HISTORY 1. Robert Pringle (1989), ‘Foreign Lending Revisited 1880–1980’ 2. Alan M. Taylor and Jeffrey G. Williamson (1994), ‘Capital Flows to the New World as an Intergenerational Transfer’ 3. James R. Lothian (2002), ‘The Internationalization of Money and Finance and the Globalization of Financial Markets’ PART II THE IMPACT OF FINANCIAL GLOBALIZATION ON GROWTH AND PRODUCTIVITY 4. Dennis Quinn (1997), ‘The Correlates of Change in International Financial Regulation’ 5. Dani Rodrik (1998), ‘Who Needs Capital-Account Convertibility?’ 6. Jagdish Bhagwati (1998), ‘The Capital Myth: The Difference Between Trade in Widgets and Dollars’ 7. Barry P. Bosworth, Susan M. Collins and Carmen M. Reinhart (1999), ‘Capital Flows to Developing Economies: Implications for Saving and Investment’ 8. Barry Eichengreen (2001), ‘Capital Account Liberalization: What do Cross-Country Studies Tell Us?’ 9. Hali J. Edison, Ross Levine, Luca Ricci and Torsten Sløk (2002), ‘International Financial Integration and Economic Growth’ 10. Barry Eichengreen, Carlos Arteta and Charles Wyplosz (2003), ‘When Does Capital Account Liberalization Help More Than It Hurts?’ 11. Peter Blair Henry (2007), ‘Capital Account Liberalization: Theory, Evidence, and Speculation’ 12. Dani Rodrik and Arvind Subramanian (2009), ‘Why Did Financial Globalization Disappoint?’ PART III CRISES AND VOLATILITY 13. Guillermo A. Calvo, Leonardo Leiderman and Carmen M. Reinhart (1996), ‘Inflows of Capital to Developing Countries in the 1990s’ 14. Guillermo A. Calvo (1998), ‘Capital Flows and Capital-Market Crises: The Simple Economics of Sudden Stops’ 15. Joseph E. Stiglitz (2004), ‘Capital-Market Liberalization, Globalization, and the IMF’ 16. Geert Bekaert, Campbell R. Harvey and Christian Lundblad (2006), ‘Growth Volatility and Financial Liberalization’ 17. M. Ayhan Kose, Eswar S. Prasad and Marco E. Terrones (2007), ‘How Does Financial Globalization Affect Risk Sharing? Patterns and Channels’ 18. Olivier Blanchard, (2009) ‘The Crisis: Basic Mechanisms, and Appropriate Policies’ PART IV MICRO STUDIES 19. Todd Mitton (2006), ‘Stock Market Liberalization and Operating Performance at the Firm Level’ 20. Kristin J. Forbes (2007), ‘One Cost of the Chilean Capital Controls: Increased Financial Constraints for Smaller Traded Firms’ PART V THE LUCAS PARADOX 21. Robert E. Lucas, Jr. (1990), ‘Why Doesn’t Capital Flow from Rich to Poor Countries?’ 22. Carmen M. Reinhart and Kenneth S. Rogoff (2004), ‘Serial Default and the “Paradox” of Rich to Poor Capital Flows’ 23. Eswar Prasad, Raghuram Rajan and Arvind Subramanian (2007), ‘The Paradox of Capital’ PART VI DISTRIBUTIONAL EFFECTS 24. Ajit Singh and Ann Zammit (2000), ‘International Capital Flows: Identifying the Gender Dimension’ 25. Philip Arestis and Asena Caner (2010), ‘Capital Account Liberalization and Poverty: How Close is the Link?’

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Book SynopsisTrade as an engine of growth has played a catalyst role in East Asian development; through vigorous study of performances in past decades, East Asian trade and industrialization experiences may offer some lessons for other developing countries. This book covers trade and industrial structures for ten countries and regions including Japan, China, Hong Kong, Korea, Singapore, Taiwan, Indonesia, Malaysia, the Philippines and Thailand. The author addresses the comparative advantages and trade similarity indices of Asian economies from regional and global perspectives. He also analyzes the impacts of regional trade agreements from both member and non-member countries' perspectives. After a vigorous examination of the sources of export growth by the methodology of the constant market share analysis, the book examines the trade-investment nexus, the development of fragmentation of manufacturing production, and trade in parts and components as the dominant trade flows after the mid-1980s. It then studies the trade complementarity index among countries to further pursue the analysis of natural trading partners, and looks at the Krugman-Baldwin hub-spoke thesis by empirically identifying the 'degree of hub-ness' in three major markets in China, Japan, and the USA. Various scenarios of economic integration in East Asia are assessed and an open regionalism is proposed for East Asian economic integration and sustainable development in the conclusion of the book. Students and researchers of international trade, economic development, and Asian Studies will find the data and analyses in the volume invaluable in understanding the economic development of the Asia Pacific.Trade Review‘Chow’s book provides a comprehensive description of trade and foreign direct investment in East Asian economies by using a wide variety of trade-related indexes and regression analysis. Such detailed analysis is also complemented with an interesting narrative of institutional building for economic integration in East Asia. Thus, the book offers an invaluable reference and insights not only for those who are interested in the success of East Asian economies but also for those who plan to conduct an economic analysis on the East Asian model of economic development.’ -- Kiyoyasu Tanaka, The Developing Economies‘. . . this volume will be of interest to researchers interested in applying the standard tools of quantitative international economics to East Asian development experiences.’ -- Hal Hill, Economic RecordTable of ContentsContents: Preface 1. East Asian Models of Development 2. Catching up or Falling Behind Hypothesis I: Trade Competitiveness between the Leader and Followers on All Manufactured Exports 3. Catching up or Falling Behind Hypothesis II: Trade Competitiveness on Exports by Technology Levels between the Leader and Followers 4. Trade Similarity Index and the Level of Development 5. The Dynamics of Changing Trade Structures: Export Sophisticated Index 6. Sources of Export Growth: A Constant Market Share Analysis 7. Trade–Investment Nexus and Intra-Industry Trade 8. Is East Asia a “Natural Trade Bloc”? The Trade Complementarity Index, the Intensity Index, and the Bias Index 9. East Asian Economic Integration and its Impacts on Regional and Global Economies 10. Conclusion Index

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Book SynopsisThe Financial Crisis and Developing Countries is an invaluable discussion and analysis of the regional and country specific impacts of the financial crisis in both emerging markets and developing countries. Using heterodox and mainstream methodologies, the book develops a multidisciplinary perspective on the crisis, showing empirical impacts on the poor and vulnerable. It examines how the crisis continues to change our concepts of development, critically discusses mainstream approaches, and analyses (global) governance responses including of the G20. The contributors critically assess the measures taken to deal with the crisis, and reveal that many elements that have led to crisis (inequality, inappropriate international financial architecture, structural imbalances) have not been dealt sufficiently, and as a result new crises will continue to emerge. Exploring a global and inter-disciplinary view, this timely book provides accessible information on the impact of the crisis that will prove relevant for students of development studies and international economics. Researchers and policymakers including in foreign and economic affairs, development cooperation, and international institutions interested in understanding the impact of the global economy will also find much to learn from this important book. Contributors: F. Cheru, H. Clemens, A. de Haan, A.M. Fischer, J. Ghosh, S. Gong, D. Green, K. Jansen, A. Kapoor, R. King, R. Marconi, M. Messkoub, S.M. Murshed, F.B. Schiphorst, K.A. Siegmann, M. Spoor, P.A.G. van Bergeijk, R. van der Hoeven, I. van Staveren, R. Vos, B. WhiteTable of ContentsContents: Preface 1. Introduction: Crisis? What Crisis? For Whom? Peter A.G. van Bergeijk, Arjan de Haan and Rolph van der Hoeven PART I: THE CRISIS AND CONCEPTS OF DEVELOPMENT 2. Re-orienting Development in Uncertain Times Jayati Ghosh 3. How Have Poor Women and Men Experienced the Global Economic Crisis: What Have We Learned? Duncan Green and Richard King 4. After the Gold Rush: Prospects for Africa, Economic Recovery and Long-term Growth Fantu Cheru 5. A Historical Ethnography of Recessions: Crises in Yogyakarta Ben White PART II: HETERODOX (POLITICAL) ECONOMIC INTERPRETATIONS 6. Chinese Savings Gluts or Northern Financialisation? The Ideological Expediency of Crisis Narratives Andrew Martin Fischer 7. Short- and Long-run Macroeconomic Effects of Keynesian Trade Policies in the Presence of Debt Servicing Syed Mansoob Murshed 8. FDI Volatility and Development Irene van Staveren 9. Financial Globalization, Current Crisis and Labour in Developing Countries Rolph van der Hoeven PART III: REGIONAL AND COUNTRY EXPERIENCES 10. Impact of the Global Crises (Financial, Economic and Food): The Case of Microfinance in Latin America Reynaldo Marconi and Harry Clemens 11. Crisis, Employment and Poverty in the Middle East and North Africa Mahmood Messkoub 12. Crisis and Exclusionary Growth in Europe’s ‘East’ Max Spoor 13. The Crisis in South Asia: From Jobless Growth to Jobless Slump? Karin Astrid Siegmann 14. Diamonds are for Never: The Economic Crisis and the Diamond Polishing Industry in India Astha Kapoor 15. Defending Vulnerable Workers in South Africa after the Crisis: What Role for COSATU? Freek B. Schiphorst 16. How China Managed the Impact of the Financial Crisis: Globalization and Public Policy Responses in an Emerging Economy Arjan de Haan and Sen Gong 17. Thailand From Crisis to Crisis: Do We Ever Learn? Karel Jansen PART IV: PREPARING FOR THE NEXT CRISIS? 18. The Global Economic Crisis and the Future of Globalization Rob Vos References Index

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Book SynopsisSince the financial crisis began numerous ideas for monetary and financial cooperation in East Asia have been proposed both within and outside the region. Despite this strong level of interest, however, there are few studies that aim to comprehensively address the issue from multiple perspectives. This insightful book redresses the balance and illustrates how East Asian countries plan to take advantage of their rising economic power in rearranging the new international monetary and financial order in the post-crisis era. The authors examine the history, conditions and current efforts towards monetary integration in Asia and explore possible future paths, highlighting the roles and perspectives of East Asian countries in the integration process. They consider how East Asian economies could establish their own zone of monetary stability, and show that this stability cannot be separately addressed from the issues of economic growth and solidarity. Against this backdrop, the book tackles the issues of East Asian monetary integration underpinned by the broad framework of economic growth and solidarity. Scholars of economics, monetary integration, Asian studies and regionalism will find this book to be an illuminating and thought-provoking read.Table of ContentsContents: Preface 1. Introduction 2. Silver and the Origin of Asian Currencies 3. Destined to Fail? The History of the Yen Bloc Before the Second World War 4. Globalization and Regionalization of East Asian Economies 5. Conditions for Monetary Integration in East Asia 6. Need for Regional Monetary and Financial Arrangements in East Asia 7. The Beginning of Monetary Cooperation in East Asia and the Chiang Mai Initiative 8. Financial Market Integration and Asian Bond Market Initiatives 9. Exchange Rate Coordination and Regional Currency Unit 10. The Road Towards Monetary Union 11. Hurdles and Challenges Bibliography Index

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Book SynopsisThe need for countries to facilitate trade and to reduce the transactions costs plaguing trade is receiving a lot of interest in policy circles, and in particular in the WTO, where trade facilitation has been one of the few good stories in recent multilateral negotiations. Is this interest justified? What have economic theory and empirical findings to contribute to our understanding of the value of free trade? This authoritative two-volume set, edited by two leading scholars in the field, offers a collection of seminal articles that have led our economic thinking on these issues and encouraged a new and growing literature. This important work, along with an original introduction by the editors, will be of immense value to scholars and practitioners interested in the topic of trade costs and facilitation.Table of ContentsContents: Volume I Acknowledgements Introduction Jean-Christophe Maur and John S. Wilson PART I THEORY OF TRADE COSTS 1. Robert A. Mundell (1957), ‘International Trade and Factor Mobility’ 2. Paul Krugman (1980), ‘Scales Economies, Product Differentiation, and the Pattern of Trade’ 3. Paul Krugman (1991), ‘Increasing Returns and Economic Geography’ 4. Alan V. Deardorff (2001), ‘International Provision of Trade Services, Trade and Fragmentation’ 5. Spiros Bougheas, Panicos O. Demetriades and Edgar L.W Morgenroth (1999), ‘Infrastructure, Transport Costs and Trade’ PART II EMPRICAL EVIDENCE: DATA AND GLOBAL VIEW OF TRANSACTION COSTS A. How Do Trade Transaction Costs Matter in General? 6. J. Michael Finger and A.J. Yeats (1976), ‘Effective Protection by Transportation Costs and Tariffs: A Comparison of Magnitudes’ 7. James E. Anderson and Eric van Wincoop (2004), ‘Trade Costs’ 8. Nuno Limão and Anthony J. Venables (2001), ‘Infrastructure, Geographical Disadvantage, Transport Costs and Trade’ 9. John McCallum (1995), ‘National Borders Matter: Canada-U.S. Regional Trade Patterns’ 10. Charles Engel and John H. Rogers (1996), ‘How Wide Is the Border?’ 11. Anne-Célia Disdier and Keith Head (2008), ‘The Puzzling Persistence of the Distance Effect on Bilateral Trade’ B. Recent Detailed Evidence on the Prevalence of Transaction Costs 12. John S. Wilson, Catherine L. Mann and Tsunehiro Otsuki (2003), ‘Trade Facilitation and Economic Development: A New Approach to Quantifying the Impact’ 13. David Dollar, Mary Hallward-Driemeier and Taye Mengistae (2006), ‘Investment Climate and International Integration’ 14. Gaël Raballand (2003), ‘Determinants of the Negative Impact of Being Landlocked on Trade: An Empirical Investigation Through the Central Asian Case’ 15. Alberto Portugal-Perez and John S. Wilson (2008), ‘Trade Costs in Africa: Barriers and Opportunities for Reform’ 16. Ben Shepherd and John S. Wilson (2009), ‘Trade Facilitation in ASEAN Member Countries: Measuring Progress and Assessing Priorities’ C. Empirical Evidence: Ex Ante Assessment and Computable General Equilibrium Modeling 17. Thomas W. Hertel, Terrie Walmsley and Ken Itakura (2001), ‘Dynamic Effects of the “New Age” Free Trade Agreement between Japan and Singapore’ 18. Joseph Francois, Hans van Meijl and Frank van Tongeren (2005), ‘Trade Liberalization in the Doha Development Round’ 19. Thomas W. Hertel and Roman Keeney (2006), ‘What Is At Stake: The Relative Importance of Import Barriers, Export Subsidies, and Domestic Support’ D. Time Factors 20. Simeon Djankov, Caroline Freund and Cong S. Pham (2010), ‘Trading on Time’ 21. Carolyn L. Evans and James Harrigan (1997), ‘Distance, Time, and Specialization: Lean Retailing in General Equilibrium’ 22. Maria Persson (2008), ‘Trade Facilitation and the EU-ACP Economic Partnership Agreements’ Volume II Acknowledgements An Introduction to both volumes by the editors appears in Volume I PART I LINKAGES BETWEEN TRADE TRANSACTION COSTS, TRADE AND ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT: SELECTIVE EVIDENCE A Telecommunication Services 1. Caroline L. Freund and Diana Weinhold (2004), ‘The Effect of the Internet on International Trade’ 2. Carsten Fink, Aaditya Mattoo and Ileana Cristina Neagu (2005), ‘Assessing the Impact of Communication Costs on International Trade’ B Transport Services 3. Ximena Clark, David Dollar and Alejandro Micco (2004), ‘Port Efficiency, Maritime Transport Costs, and Bilateral Trade’ 4. Carsten Fink, Aaditya Mattoo and Ileana Cristina Neagu (2002), ‘Trade in International Maritime Services: How Much Does Policy Matter?’ 5. Alejandro Micco and Tomás Serebrisky (2006), ‘Competition Regimes and Air Transport Costs: The Effects of Open Skies Agreements’ 6. David Hummels, Volodymyr Lugovskyy and Alexandre Skiba (2009), ‘The Trade Reducing Effects of Market Power in International Shipping’ C Trade Finance and Connection to International Supply Chains 7. James E. Rauch (1999), ‘Networks Versus Markets in International Trade’ 8. Marc Auboin and Moritz Meier-Ewert (2003), Improving the Availability of Trade Finance during Financial Crises 9. Hildegunn K. Nordås, Enrico Pinali and Massimo Geloso Grosso (2006), ‘Logistics and Time as a Trade Barrier’ D Customs: Pre-shipment Inspection and Security 10. Dean Yang (2008), ‘Integrity for Hire: An Analysis of a Widespread Customs Reform’ 11. Jose Anson, Olivier Cadot and Marcelo Olarreaga (2006), ‘Tariff Evasion and Customs Corruption: Does Pre-Shipment Inspection Help?’ 12. James E. Anderson and Douglas Marcouiller (2002), ‘Insecurity and the Pattern Of Trade: An Empirical Investigation’ E Trade Standards 13. Gaël Raballand and Enrique Aldaz-Carroll (2007), ‘How Do Differing Standards Increase Trade Costs? The Case of Pallets’ 14. Witold Czubala, Ben Shepherd and John S. Wilson (2009), ‘Help or Hindrance? The Impact of Harmonised Standards on African Exports’ 15. Maggie Xiaoyang Chen and Aaditya Mattoo (2008), ‘Regionalism in Standards: Good or Bad for Trade?’ PART II INSTITUTIONAL AND POLITICAL ECONOMY DIMENSIONS 16. Patrick A. Messerlin and Jamel Zarrouk (2000), ‘Trade Facilitation: Technical Regulations and Customs Procedures’ 17. C. Fred Bergsten (1997), ‘Open Regionalism’ 18. Gerard McLinden (2006), ‘Needs, Priorities and Costs Associated with Technical Assistance and Capacity Building for Implementation of a WTO Trade Facilitation Agreement: A Comparative Study Based on Six Developing Countries’ 19. J. Michael Finger (2008), ‘Trade Facilitation: The Role of a WTO Agreement’ 20. Jean-Christophe Maur (2008), ‘Regionalism and Trade Facilitation: A Primer’ 21. Minette Libom Li Likeng, Thomas Cantens and Samson Bilangna (2009), ‘Gazing into the Mirror: Operational Internal Control in Cameroon Customs’ Name Index

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Book SynopsisChina's Global Economic Footprint is large and growing. In recent years, China has contributed a third or more to the growth of the global economy following its meteoric rise starting in the 1980s and gathering momentum in the 1990s. China has convincingly demonstrated the efficacy of investment and export-led growth as a model of development and has achieved economic stardom using a mix of industrial, trade and exchange rate policies within the framework of a gradually reforming socialist market economy. This Research Review explores China's economy and will be an invaluable resource for China watchers and researchers, students and policymakers interested in learning from East Asia's development, understanding how China transformed its economy and exploring how China might come to grips with the challenges ahead.Table of ContentsContents: Research Review Shahid Yusuf PART I CHINA’S REFORM AND OPENING IN HISTORICAL PERSPECTIVE 1. Loren Brandt, Debin Ma and Thomas G. Rawski (2014), ‘From Divergence to Convergence: Reevaluating the History behind China’s Economic Boom’, Journal of Economic Literature, 52 (1), March, 45–123 2. Chenggang Xu (2011), ‘The Fundamental Institutions of China’s Reform and Development’, Journal of Economic Literature, 49 (4), December, 1076–151 3. Jeffrey Wasserstrom (2014), ‘China and Globalization’, Daedalus, 143 (2), Spring, 157–69 PART II THE ROLE OF SEZS AND TVES IN CHINA’S MODERNIZATION 4. Douglas Zhihua Zeng (2011), ‘How Do Special Economic Zones and Industrial Clusters Drive China’s Rapid Development?’, Building Engines for Growth and Competitiveness in China: Experience with Special Economic Zones and Industrial Clusters, Chapter 1, Washington, DC, USA: World Bank, 1–54 5. Chenggang Xu and Xiaobo Zhang (2009), ‘The Evolution of Chinese Entrepreneurial Firms: Township-Village Enterprises Revisited’, IFPRI Discussion Paper 00854, Washington, DC, USA: International Food Policy Research Institute, 1–32 PART III TRADE AND GROWTH 6. Lee Branstetter and Nicholas Lardy (2006), ‘China’s Embrace of Globalization’, in Loren Brandt and Thomas G Rawski (eds), China’s Great Economic Transformation, Chapter 16, New York, USA: Cambridge University Press, 633–82 7. Larry Qiu and D Ying Xue (2014), ‘Understanding China’s Foreign Trade: A Literature Review’, China Economic Journal, 7 (2), 168–86 8. Simon Sturn (2014), ‘From Internal Imbalances to Global Imbalances: A Survey on the Causes of China’s Export-Led Growth’, China Economic Journal, 7 (3), 320–42 9. Françoise Lemoine (2013), ‘From Foreign Trade to International Investment: A New Step in China’s Integration with the World Economy’, Economic Change and Restructuring, Special Issue on China: Re-thinking China’s Economic Transition and Development in the Post-Crisis Era, 46 (1), March, 25–43 PART IV THE CONTRIBUTION OF FDI TO CHINA’S DEVELOPMENT 10. John Whalley and Xian Xin (2010), ‘China’s FDI and Non-FDI Economies and the Sustainability of Future High Chinese Growth’, China Economic Review, 21 (1), March, 123–35 11. Gary H. Jefferson and Miao Ouyang (2014), ‘FDI Spillovers in China: Why Do The Research Findings Differ So Much?’, Journal of Chinese Economic and Business Studies, 12 (1), 1–27 PART V SOURCES AND CAUSES OF GROWTH DURING THE FIRST THREE DECADES 12. Shiyi Chen, Gary H. Jefferson and Jun Zhang (2011), ‘Structural Change Productivity Growth and Industrial Transformation in China’, China Economic Review, 22 (1), March, 133–50 13. Yasheng Huang (2011), ‘Rethinking the Beijing Consensus’, Asia Policy, 11 (1), January, 1–26 14. Richard B. Freeman and Wei Huang (2015), ‘China’s “Great Leap Forward” in Science and Engineering’, in Aldo Geuna (ed.), Global Mobility of Research Scientists: The Economics of Who Goes Where and Why, Chapter 6, London, UK: Academic Press, 155–75 15. Albert Guangzhou Hu and Gary H. Jefferson (2009), ‘A Great Wall of Patents: What s Behind China’s Recent Patent Explosion?’, Journal of Development Economics, 90 (1), September, 57–68 PART VI SHIFTING TRACKS TO A NEW GROWTH PARADIGM 16. Yu Yongding (2012), ‘Rebalancing the Chinese Economy’, Oxford Review of Economic Policy, 28 (3), Autumn, 551–68 17. David Dollar (2013), ‘China’s Rebalancing: Lessons from East Asian Economic History’, Brookings Institution Research Papers, Washington, DC, USA: Brookings Institution, 1–27 PART VII GROWTH PROSPECTS LOOKING FORWARD 18. Jesus Felipe, Utsav Kumar, Norio Usui and Arnelyn Abdon (2013), ‘Why Has China Succeeded? And Why Will it Continue to Do So’, Cambridge Journal of Economics, 37 (4), July, 791–818 19. Jeffrey Frankel (2016), ‘Globalization and Chinese Growth: End of Trends?’, HKS Faculty Research Working Paper, Cambridge, USA: Harvard University, 1–20 20. Robert J. Barro (2016), ‘Economic Growth and Convergence, Applied to China’, China and World Economy, Special Issue: China’s Growth Potential in the Medium and Long Run, 24 (5), September–October, 5–19 PART VIII FINANCIAL DEVELOPMENT AND THE PAST, PRESENT AND FUTURE ROLE OF THE RENMINBI 21. Patrick Hess (2014), ‘China’s Financial System: Past Reforms, Future Ambitions, Current State’, in F. Rövekamp and H. G. Hilpert (eds.), Currency Cooperation in East Asia, Switzerland: Springer International Publishing, 21–41 22. W. Max Corden (2009), ‘China’s Exchange Rate Policy, its Current Account Surplus and the Global Imbalances’, Economic Journal, 119 (541), November, F430–F441 23. Damian Tobin (2013), ‘Renminbi Internationalisation: Precedents and Implications’, Journal of Chinese Economic and Business Studies, Special Issue: The Renminbi as an International Currency: The Next Instalment of China’s Economic Reforms?, 11 (2), 81–99 24. Benjamin J. Cohen (2012), ‘The Yuan Tomorrow? Evaluating China’s Currency Internationalisation Strategy’, New Political Economy, 17 (3), July, 361–71 PART IX CHINA’S EMERGING MULTINATIONALS 25. Mike W. Peng (2012), ‘The Global Strategy of Emerging Multinationals from China’, Global Strategy Journal, 2 (2), May, 97–107 26. Kevin P. Gallagher and Amos Irwin (2014), ‘Exporting National Champions: China’s Outward Foreign Direct Investment Finance in Comparative Perspective’, China and World Economy, 22 (6), November–December, 1–21 27. Xiaohui Liu and Trevor Buck (2009), ‘The Internationalization Strategies of Chinese Firms: Lenovo and BOE’, Journal of Chinese Economic and Business Studies, 7 (2), 167–81 28. Tarun Khanna, Krishna G. Palepu and Philip Andrews (2011) ’Haier: Taking a Chinese Company Global in 2011’, Harvard Business Review Case Study, 1–23 PART X CHINA’S MULTIPRONGED AND WIDENING GLOBAL ENGAGEMENT 29. Wenjie Chen and Heiwai Tang (2014), ‘The Dragon is Flying West: Micro Level Evidence of China’s Outward Direct Investment’, Asian Development Review, 31 (2), September, 109–40 30. Peter Nolan (2015), ‘The West and China: Globalization and Competition in Financial Services’, Journal of Chinese Economic and Business Studies, 13 (2), 87–104 31. Michael D. Swaine (2015), ‘Chinese Views and Commentary on the “One Belt, One Road” Initiative’, China Leadership Monitor, 47, 1–24 32. Michael D. Swaine (2016), ‘Chinese Views on Global Governance Since 2008–2009: Not Much New’ China Leadership Monitor, 49, 1–13 33. Justin Yifu Lin and Yan Wang (2015), ‘China’s Contribution to Development Cooperation: Ideas, Opportunities and Finances’, FERDI Working Paper No. 119, Clermont-Ferrand, France: Fondation Pour Les Études et Recherches Sur Le Développment International, 1–30 PART XI A FRAGILE, TENTATIVE GLOBAL GIANT 34. David Shambaugh (2014), ‘China at the Crossroads: Ten Major Reform Challenges’, Brookings Institution Research Papers, Washington, DC, USA: Brookings Institution, 1–18 Index

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Book SynopsisThe book Asia Beyond the Global Economic Crisis, produced by the Institute of Developing Economies, offers an important contribution to the empirics of the new trade economy. The analysis focuses on the importance of economic interactions in explaining the modern global economy, and the role of international production networks.'- From the foreword by Pascal LamyThe characteristic feature of the recent global economic crisis is the speed and extent of the shock transmission. The development of cross-national production networks in recent years has significantly deepened the economic interdependency between countries, and a shock that occurs in one region can be swiftly and extensively transmitted to the rest of the globe. The sudden contraction of world trade and output is a negative outcome of this intertwined global economic system. Based on the method known as international input-output analyses, this book provides a detailed examination of the mechanics of shock transmission by probing the labyrinth of complex supply networks among nations. Written for experts and non-experts alike, this book will be a valuable read for academics and students interested in global supply chains as well as researchers from private companies or consulting agencies who consider post-crisis Asia as a significant target market. Government policymakers and specialists in international organizations will also find this book of value for designing a grand scheme for economic coordination and cooperation.Contributors include: H. Escaith, F. Gonguet, K. Hayakawa, S. Inomata, I. Kuroiwa, H. Kuwamori, B. Meng, N. Okamoto, P.A. Petri, H. Sato, Y. UchidaTrade Review‘The book Asia Beyond the Global Economic Crisis, produced by the Institute of Developing Economies, offers an important contribution to the empirics of the new trade economy. The analysis focuses on the importance of economic interactions in explaining the modern global economy, and the role of international production networks.’ -- From the foreword by Pascal LamyTable of ContentsContents: Foreword Pascal Lamy Preface Introduction Satoshi Inomata 1. The Triangular Trade: The Shock Transmission Mechanism in the Asia-Pacific Region Ikuo Kuroiwa, Hiroshi Kuwamori and Hajime Sato 2. Impact of the Global Economic Crisis on Employment in the Asia-Pacific Region Bo Meng and Satoshi Inomata 3. International Trade and Real Transmission Channels of Financial Shocks in Global Production Networks: An Asian–USA Perspective Hubert Escaith and Fabien Gonguet 4. Vertical Specialization at the Time of Economic Crisis Yoko Uchida and Satoshi Inomata 5. The Impact of the Financial Crisis on Factory Asia Kazunobu Hayakawa 6. To What Extent Will the Shock Be Alleviated? The Evaluation of China’s Counter-crisis Fiscal Expansion Nobuhiro Okamoto and Satoshi Inomata 7. An Input–Output Analysis of Post-crisis Rebalancing in the Asia-Pacific Economy Peter A. Petri 8. Explanatory Notes Satoshi Inomata Index

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Book SynopsisOn the Brink of Deglobalization addresses the breakdown of international trade and capital flows in 2008/09 and challenges the mainstream narrative for the world trade collapse. Detailed chapters on international finance, fragmentation of production, protectionism and earlier episodes of collapsing trade reveal data that contradicts conventional explanations and demonstrates that the trade collapse was driven by the shock of (perceived) trade uncertainty. Peter van Bergeijk discusses why trade barriers and import substitution are seen as solutions during depressions while presenting empirical evidence demonstrating the risks of such policies. This book provides a broad, historical and statistical analysis relevant to understanding the recent world trade collapse. Being the first comprehensive analysis of the risks and drivers of deglobalization, this unique and challenging book will appeal to trade economists, trade policymakers and analysts as well as those involved in international business.Trade Review'Peter van Bergeijk has written a fascinating book on the recent trade collapse, that in size can only be compared to the (trade) crises of the 1930s. There are at least two reasons to read the book. The first is to get a better understanding why the world has witnessed a dramatic decline of international trade. Peter van Bergeijk systematically analyzes the standard explanations that are given for this collapse, for example those put forward by the WTO, and concludes that most are wrong or unconvincing, and provides his own thought provoking explanation: risk and uncertainty. The second reason to read the book is that it provides all those interested in international trade a clear and interesting introduction to understand the world of international trade and learn a great deal along the way, and not only about the recent trade collapse.' -- Steven Brakman, University of Groningen, The NetherlandsTable of ContentsContents: Preface 1. Introduction: Setting the Stage 2. From Peak to Trough 3. The Trade Finance Confusion: Tales of Capital, Finance, Credit and Trade 4. The International Value Chain Myth 5. Protectionism is Just Around the Corner! 6. An Alternative Hypothesis: The Forgotten Role of Trade Uncertainty 7. Let Us Test the Theories 8. Too Early to Tell? References Index

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Book SynopsisAfter barely half a century of experience, Islamic banking has become established as a new niche industry across the world, offering new and sophisticated financial products designed to be compliant with Islamic legal principles and common law. This comprehensive book explores the theory, principles and practices underpinning this rapidly expanding sector of banking. Expert contributors - including eminent scholars and senior practitioners in the field - examine the roots of the principles of ethical Islamic financial transactions, which have evolved over several millennia, on issues including usury, interest rates, and financial contracting for funding enterprises, mortgages, leasing and other transactions. Regulatory and governance issues are discussed, and the practice and operation of Islamic financial institutions are explained via three distinct case studies. Importantly, the final chapter looks at what steps are being taken to provide professional accreditation to Islamic banking professional personnel, and prescribes requirements for training in this growing industry. This rich and wide-ranging guide to the foundations and fundamental principles of this new form of ethics-based financial practice will prove a fascinating and illuminating read for regulators, practitioners, and scholars in the fields of economics, finance, money and banking.Contributors: I. Abraham, S.O. Alhabshi, S.H. Aljunid, M. Ariff, M.K. Badar, I. Bhatti, M. Bhatti, E. Girard, K. Hassan, T. Hassan, M. Iqbal, M.K. Lewis, C. Mews, A. Saeed, S.H. Razak, M. Shamsher, M.T. Skully, A. Walsh, M. ZamanTrade ReviewThis wide-ranging guide to the foundations and fundamental principles of this new form of ethics-based financial practice will be of interest for regulators, practitioners, and scholars in the fields of economics, finance, money and banking. --Islamic HorizonsMohamed Ariff and Munawar Iqbal have put together a significant and useful body of productive thinking that will be of use to both academics and practitioners. . . This book is a very good collection of scholarly papers, well worth reading and reflecting upon. It will undoubtedly help students, academics and practitioners to improve their understanding of Islamic financial institutions and Islamic financial markets. It will be equally useful to specialists in economics, finance, money and banking because it combines a comprehensive discussion of theoretical aspects of the Islamic financial market with very rigorous empirical analysis. --Toseef Azid, The Muslim World Book ReviewTable of ContentsContents: Preface 1. Introduction to Islamic Financial Institutions Mohamed Ariff and Munawar Iqbal PART I: FOUNDATIONS OF ETHICAL FINANCIAL TRANSACTIONS 2. Ethics-based Financial Transactions: An Assessment of Islamic Banking Mohamed Ariff 3. Ethical Principles in Islamic Business and Banking Transactions Mervyn K. Lewis 4. Adapting Understanding of Riba to Islamic Banking: Some Developments Abdullah Saeed PART II: ISLAMIC BANKING PRINCIPLES, REGULATIONS AND GOVERNANCE 5. Development, History and Prospects of Islamic Banking Munawar Iqbal 6. Development of Legal Issues of Corporate Governance for Islamic Banking Ishaq Bhatti and Maria Bhatti 7. Corporate Governance and Islamic Banks Michael T. Skully PART III: THE PRACTICE: OPERATING ISLAMIC FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS 8. Performance of Islamic Banks and Conventional Banks Mohamed Ariff, Mohammad K. Badar, Shamsher M. and Taufiq Hassan 9. Shari’ah-consistent Investment Vehicles in Malaysia Kabir Hassan and Eric Girard 10. Takaful Insurance: Concept, History and Development Challenges Syed Othman Alhabshi and Shaikh Hamzah Razak PART IV: A DEBATE ON THE ISSUE OF REWARD FOR PARTING WITH CAPITAL 11. Usury and its Critics: From the Middle Ages to Modernity Constant Mews and Adrian Walsh 12. Riba and Interest in Islamic Banking: An Historical Review Raquib Zaman 13. Tensions in Christian Financial Ethics: An Historical Overview Ibrahim Abraham PART V: EDUCATION AND PROFESSIONAL BANKING ACCREDITATION 14. Human Capital Development in Islamic Finance: Initiatives and Challenges Syed Hamid Aljunid Index

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