International economics Books

Book SynopsisNOW A MAJOR SKY ATLANTIC SERIES From the international bestselling author of Gomorrah, this searing exposé reveals how dirty money and the drug trade are at the heart of our lives, our economy, and our worldIn many countries, 'zero zero' or double zero flour is the finest, best flour on the market. Among narco-traffickers, then, 'zero zero zero' is the nickname for the very purest, highest quality grade of cocaine. From Mexican cartels to Milanese financiers, Guatemalan mercenaries to Ukrainian warlords, Calabrian traffickers to the traders in Wall Street and London who wash the money clean, this is an unforgettable story that goes around the globe and through every level of society to show the extent to which the drug trade affects us all.Weaving together stories, interviews, wiretaps and his own experience of the criminal underworld, Saviano reveals an international narco-state, which, in the wake of the financial crisis, is now the pillar of our global economy. It is the perfect synthesis of modern capitalism, where everything is for the taking - and all is consumed, ruined and destroyed.Trade ReviewThe most important book of the year ... Here it is, laid bare: cartel as corporation, corporation as cartel; cocaine as pure capitalism ... Saviano realises the brutal truth: that to understand narco-traffic is to understand the modern world ... it is revolutionary -- Ed Vulliamy * Observer *Impassioned . . . a literary style that switches from vivid descriptions of human depravity to a philosophical consideration of the meaning of violence in the modern world. -- Misha Glenny * Financial Times *Vivid . . . lands a resounding thump to the solar plexus * Economist *A powerful work of reportage . . . it goes to the heart of the financial sector's dependence on drug capital and its depredations -- Ian Thomson * Telegraph *After reading Saviano, it becomes impossible to see Italy, and the global market, in the same way again. * The New York Times *Saviano is a blazingly vivid and courageous writer. * Independent *Saviano has an astonishing ability to write luminously yet subtly about terrible things. * Le Parisien *A national hero. * Umberto Eco *Brave and passionate * Guardian *Saviano should be commended for his bravery, and supported by all who share his revulsion. * Observer *

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Book SynopsisGeorge Soros Ends the Speculation The outcome [of this book] is a summing up of my life''s work. . . As I finish the book, I feel I have succeeded.-George Soros from the Preface Critical praise for Soros on Soros If you have ever wanted to sit down for a candid conversation with a phenomenal financial success, George Soros''s book provides the opportunity. You will meet a complex man and a first-rate mind.-Henry A. Kissinger The best expert on Soros is undoubtedly George Soros! After all, who is better equipped to tell us what he really thinks and how he thinks, a matter of some importance given the fact that he has translated a remarkable personal financial success into a truly generous and historically significant effort to promote postcommunist democracy. -Zbigniew Brzezinski The best X-ray of the mind of the master yet. -Barton M. Biggs George Soros brings a lot more to the world of finance than the intuition and nerve of a bornTable of ContentsINVESTING AND GLOBAL FINANCE. The Investor. The Guru in Training. The Story of Quantum Fund. The Theory of Investing. Theory in Action. GEOPOLITICS, PHILANTHROPY, AND GLOBAL CHANGE. The Philanthropist. The Stateless Statesman. The Future of the United States and Open Society. PHILOSOPHY. The Failed Philosopher. The Power and the Myth. Appendix. Index.

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Book SynopsisWhat’s wrong with buying regular coffee? Does Fair Trade necessarily mean ethical trade? What impact can consumers have on global economics? Fair Trade: A Beginner’s Guide reveals why Fair Trade means more than just bananas, coffee, and chocolate. Author and activist Jacqueline DeCarlo explains the principles behind Fair Trade and its development into a powerful economic tool. Packed with inspiring ways to make a difference, this book will encourage readers of all backgrounds to help end poverty,environmental destruction, and human exploitation.Trade Review"A valiant effort to fill an umet need in providing people a fairly inviting primer on fair trade." * Green LA Girl *

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Book SynopsisThe definitive guide to technical analysis... written from a trader's perspective With the keen insight and perspective that have made him a market legend, Jack D. Schwager explores, explains, and examines the application of technical analysis in futures trading.Table of ContentsPartial table of contents: CHART ANALYSIS. Charts: Forecasting Tool or Folklore? Trends. Trading Ranges. Chart Patterns. Is Chart Analysis Still Valid? Setting Objectives and Other Position Exit Criteria. Linking Contracts for Long-Term Chart Analysis: Nearest Versus Continuous Futures. REAL-WORLD CHART ANALYSIS. Real-World Chart Analysis. OSCILLATORS AND CYCLES. Cycle Analysis of the Futures Markets (R. Mogey & J. Schwager). TRADING SYSTEMS AND PERFORMANCE MEASUREMENT. Examples of Original Trading Systems. Testing and Optimizing Trading Systems. PRACTICAL TRADING GUIDELINES. Eighty-Two Trading Rules and Market Observations. Index.

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Book SynopsisFor 5000 years shipping has served the world economy and today it provides a sophisticated transport service to every part of the globe. Yet despite its economic complexity, shipping retains much of the competitive cut and thrust of the perfect market of classical economics. This blend of sophisticated logistics and larger than life entrepreneurs makes it a unique case study of classical economics in a modern setting.The enlarged and substantially rewritten Maritime Economics uses historical and theoretical analysis as the framework for a practical explanation of how shipping works today. Whilst retaining the structure of the second edition, its scope is widened to include: lessons from 5000 years of commercial shipping history shipping cycles back to 1741, with a year by year commentary updated chapters on markets; shipping costs; accounts; ship finance and a new chapter on the return on capital new chapters on the geography of sea trade; tTrade Review'This is a splendid book, well illustrated, with plenty of technical explanation as to the hardware employed by this fascinating industry. It deserves to be at the elbow of all those who pretend to any knowledge of the amazing maritime world we cheerfully inhabit.' - Michael Grey, Lloyd's List Maritime Economics is an exceptionally well-written overview of the international shipping industry. - CHOICE Table of ContentsPart 1: Introduction to Shipping 1. Sea Transport in the Global Economy 2. The Economic Organization of the Shipping Market Part 2: Shipping Market Economics 3. Shipping Market Cycles 4. Supply, Demand and Freight Rates 5. The Four Shipping Markets Part 3: Shipping Company Economics 6. Costs, Revenue and Cashflow 7. Financing Ships and Shipping Companies 8. Risk, Return and Shipping Company Economics Part 4: Seaborne Trade and Transport Systems 9. The Geography of Maritime Trade 10. The Principles of Maritime Trade 11. Transport of Bulk Cargo 12. Transport of Specialised Cargoes 13. Transport of General Cargo Part 5: The Merchant Fleet and Transport Supply 14. The Ships that Supply the Transport 15. The Economics of Merchant Shipbuilding and Scrapping 16. The Regulation of the Maritime Industry Part 6: Forecasting and Planning 17. Maritime Forecasting and Market Research

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Book SynopsisThe economy is a complex, world-spanning, layer-upon-layer-upon-layer behemoth; one could argue that there's almost nothing in our lives that isn't in some way connected to the worlds of business and finance. And yet few of us truly understand it-even the world's foremost economists can't seem to agree on how it runs. The Global Economy as You've Never Seen It shows how the economy works in 99 brilliantly illustrated infographics that everyone can understand. From labour to business to finance to theory, and from the things you buy and the way you buy them to the way everything is made, infographic specialist Jan Schwochow and author Thomas Ramge bring to life every facet of the economic web that makes the world go. With its endlessly varied, information-rich visuals, this book invites us to see the economy differently-and to finally understand how it all fits together.Trade ReviewPRAISE FOR THE GERMAN EDITION "An economic atlas for those who want to explore the complex world of economics and its protagonists."--The Standard "Opulent, fact-rich eye candy."--Management Journal "Vivid."--Schweizer Radio und Fernsehen "A book that shows what business really is: full of colorful life. . . .Some graphics are so successful they ought to be hung in the living room."--Handelsblatt

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Book SynopsisHave you ever wondered why we can afford to buy far more clothes than our grandparents ever could . . . but may be less likely to own a home in which to keep them all? Why your petrol bill can double in a matter of months, but it never falls as fast?; Behind all of this lies economics.; It's not always easy to grasp the complex forces that are shaping our lives. But by following a dollar on its journey around the globe, we can start to piece it all together.; The dollar is the lifeblood of globalisation. Greenbacks, singles, bucks or dead presidents: call them what you will, they are keeping the global economy going. Half of the notes in circulation are actually outside of the USA - and many of the world's dollars are owned by China.; But what is really happening as our cash moves around the world every day, and how does it affect our lives? By following $1 from a shopping trip in suburban Texas, via China's central bank, Nigerian railroads, the oilfields of Iraq and beyond, The Almighty Dollar reveals the economic truths behind what we see on the news every day. Why is China the world's biggest manufacturer - and the USA its biggest customer? Is free trade really a good thing? Why would a nation build a bridge on the other side of the planet?; In this illuminating read, economist Dharshini David lays bare these complex relationships to get to the heart of how our new globalised world works, showing who really holds the power, and what that means for us all.Trade Review"A brilliant book ... everyone should buy it because it's very, very readable" - Iain Dale, LBC; "Original and engaging ... If you've ever wondered what globalisation is and why people get so passionate about it then I can think of no better guide. Economics can be fascinating and accessible. This book is proof" - Joel Hills, Business Editor, ITV News; `Brilliantly revealing' - Ian King, business presenter, Sky News, and Times columnist; `Readable and illuminating' - The BooksellerTable of ContentsContents; Introduction 1; 1 Worshipping at the temple of low prices and endless offers: The USA to China 15; 2 Making - and working - the global red carpet: China 41; 3 Finding love in the Niger Delta: China to Nigeria 65; 4 Spicing up the recipe for success: Nigeria to India 89; 5 The dark price of black gold: India to Iraq 119; 6 Funding the means of destruction: Iraq to Russia 143; 7 The trials of a blended family: Russia to Germany 169; 8 A bad day at work for the Masters of the Universe: Germany to the UK 195; 9 Feeding the addiction: The UK to the USA 221; Further reading 251; Acknowledgements 255; Index 257

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Book SynopsisTrade Review"A fascinating study of an overlooked topic."---Andrew Stuttaford, Wall Street Journal"[Bankers and Bolsheviks] is lucidly written, meticulously researched and painstakingly edited. It meets its stated aim of usefully filling a gap in the historiography of the Russian revolution."---Francis King, European History Quarterly

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Book SynopsisA major, new, and comprehensive look at six decades of macroeconomic policies across the region What went wrong with the economic development of Latin America over the past half-century? Along with periods of poor economic performance, the region’s countries have been plagued by a wide variety of economic crises. This major new work brings together dozens of leading economists to explore the economic performance of the ten largest countries in South America and of Mexico. Together they advance the fundamental hypothesis that, despite different manifestations, these crises all have been the result of poorly designed or poorly implemented fiscal and monetary policies. Each country is treated in its own section of the book, with a lead chapter presenting a comprehensive database of the country’s fiscal, monetary, and economic data from 1960 to 2017. The chapters are drawn from one-day academic conferences—hosted in all but one case, in the focus country—with participants including noted economists and former leading policy makers. Cowritten with Nobel Prize winner Thomas J. Sargent, the editors’ introduction provides a conceptual framework for analyzing fiscal and monetary policy in countries around the world, particularly those less developed. A final chapter draws conclusions and suggests directions for further research.A vital resource for advanced undergraduate and graduate students of economics and for economic researchers and policy makers, A Monetary and Fiscal History of Latin America, 1960–2017 goes further than any book in stressing both the singularities and the similarities of the economic histories of Latin America’s largest countries.Contributors: Mark Aguiar, Princeton U; Fernando Alvarez, U of Chicago; Manuel Amador, U of Minnesota; Joao Ayres, Inter-American Development Bank; Saki Bigio, UCLA; Luigi Bocola, Stanford U; Francisco J. Buera, Washington U, St. Louis; Guillermo Calvo, Columbia U; Rodrigo Caputo, U of Santiago; Roberto Chang, Rutgers U; Carlos Javier Charotti, Central Bank of Paraguay; Simón Cueva, TNK Economics; Julián P. Díaz, Loyola U Chicago; Sebastian Edwards, UCLA; Carlos Esquivel, Rutgers U; Eduardo Fernández Arias, Peking U; Carlos Fernández Valdovinos (former Central Bank of Paraguay); Arturo José Galindo, Banco de la República, Colombia; Márcio Garcia, PUC-Rio; Felipe González Soley, U of Southampton; Diogo Guillen, PUC-Rio; Lars Peter Hansen, U of Chicago; Patrick Kehoe, Stanford U; Carlos Gustavo Machicado Salas, Bolivian Catholic U; Joaquín Marandino, U Torcuato Di Tella; Alberto Martin, U Pompeu Fabra; Cesar Martinelli, George Mason U; Felipe Meza, Instituto Tecnológico Autónomo de México; Pablo Andrés Neumeyer, U Torcuato Di Tella; Gabriel Oddone, U de la República; Daniel Osorio, Banco de la República; José Peres Cajías, U of Barcelona; David Perez-Reyna, U de los Andes; Fabrizio Perri, Minneapolis Fed; Andrew Powell, Inter-American Development Bank; Diego Restuccia, U of Toronto; Diego Saravia, U de los Andes; Thomas J. Sargent, New York U; José A. Scheinkman, Columbia U; Teresa Ter-Minassian (formerly IMF); Marco Vega, Pontificia U Católica del Perú; Carlos Végh, Johns Hopkins U; François R. Velde, Chicago Fed; Alejandro Werner, IMF.Trade Review "Vast and informative."—EH.net "This book is a must read for anyone concerned about rising inflation in the world in the post-pandemic period."—Journal of Economic History Table of ContentsContentsForewordFrançois R. VeldeAcknowledgmentsDetecting Fiscal-Monetary Causes of InflationFernando Alvarez, Lars Peter Hansen, and Thomas SargentA Framework for Studying the Monetary and Fiscal History of Latin AmericaTimothy J. Kehoe, Juan Pablo Nicolini, and Thomas SargentThe Case of ArgentinaFrancisco J. Buera and Juan Pablo NicoliniDiscussion of the Case of ArgentinaGuillermo CalvoDiscussion of the Case of ArgentinaAndrew PowellThe Case of BoliviaTimothy J. Kehoe, Carlos Gustavo Machicado Salas, and José Peres CajíasDiscussion of the Case of BoliviaManuel AmadorThe Case of BrazilMárcio Garcia, Joao Ayres, Diogo Guillen, and Patrick KehoeDiscussion of the Case of BrazilJosé A. ScheinkmanDiscussion of the Case of BrazilTeresa Ter-MinassianThe Case of ChileRodrigo Caputo and Diego SaraviaDiscussion of the Case of ChileSebastian EdwardsThe Case of ColombiaDavid Perez-Reyna and Daniel OsorioDiscussion of the Case of ColombiaArturo José GalindoThe Case of EcuadorSimón Cueva and Julián P. DíazDiscussion of the Case of EcuadorAlberto MartinThe Case of MexicoFelipe MezaDiscussion of the Case of MexicoAlejandro WernerThe Case of ParaguayCarlos Javier Charotti, Carlos Fernández Valdovinos, and Felipe González SoleyDiscussion of the Case of Paraguay Roberto ChangDiscussion of the Case of ParaguayPablo Andrés NeumeyerThe Case of PeruCésar Martinelli and Marco VegaDiscussion of the Case of PeruMark AguiarDiscussion of the Case of PeruSaki BigioThe Case of Uruguay Gabriel Oddone and Joaquín MarandinoDiscussion of the Case of UruguayEduardo Fernández AriasDiscussion of the Case of UruguayCarlos VéghThe Case of VenezuelaDiego RestucciaDiscussion of the Case of VenezuelaLuigi BocolaDiscussion of the Case of VenezuelaFabrizio PerriLessons from the Monetary and Fiscal History of Latin AmericaCarlos Esquivel, Timothy J. Kehoe, and Juan Pablo NicoliniContributorsIndex

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Book SynopsisA groundbreaking account of British and French efforts to channel their eighteenth-century geopolitical rivalry into peaceful commercial competitionTrade Review“Shovlin challenges the conventional perception of unbridled Franco-British rivalry and aggression in the 18th century by giving greater emphasis to the cumulative process by which diplomats negotiated and merchants lobbied to cut cross-channel tariffs and pursue other means of enabling free trade.”—Christopher Silvester, Financial Times“A highly original account. . . . With skill, Shovlin challenges the conventional understanding of Franco-British rivalry and belligerence in the eighteenth-century in emphasising the process by which diplomats negotiated, and merchants lobbied, to cut tariffs and in turn to facilitate free trade.”—Paul Ridgway, Africa Ports & Ships“Original, thought-provoking, and deeply researched. Shovlin topples textbook oppositions of war and peace, rivalry and collaboration, and protection and free trade.”—Lauren Benton, author of A Search for Sovereignty“Lucid, subtle, and wide-ranging. Trading with the Enemy decisively revises views of eighteenth-century Franco-British relations as a scene of endless war, imperial rivalry, and jealousy of trade. Its recovery of more cooperative and peaceful history provides both lessons for the present and signposts for the future.”—David Armitage, author of Civil Wars: A History in Ideas“A refreshing interpretation. Through his skilful unpacking of the intertwined histories of capitalism and the state, Shovlin shows us once and for all how mythic was the supposed opposition between free trade and protectionism.”—Renaud Morieux, author of The Channel

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Book SynopsisThe Trade and Receivables Finance Companion: A Collection of Case Studies and Solutions is based on the author’s personal experience gained through more than 40 years in the field of trade finance. This Companion applies the techniques described in his first volume, Trade and Receivables Finance: A Practical Guide to Risk Evaluation and Structuring to an extensive range of international trade scenarios. Practical solutions are discussed and presented through a specially selected collection of more than 20 case studies. These books provide an unrivalled and highly practical set of manuals for the trade and receivables financier.The reader is taken on a journey from the structuring of trade products including collections, import and export letters of credit, back to back credits, guarantees and standby credits to fully and partially structured financing solutions for the importer, manufacturer, distributor, middle-party and exporter. Each funding technique provides a compelling alternative to an overdraft.The case studies include the risk assessment and financing of open account payables, stock and receivables transactions and the evaluation and use of credit insurance as a supporting tool. The structuring of commodity finance across the trade cycle, to include warehousing, and call-off is also described. Many of the chapters contain a summary ‘keynote’ overview and comprehensive ‘deal sheet’ extracts of the chosen solution detailing facility and operational requirements. Table of Contents1. Conflicting needs: the need for risk mitigation and finance 2. The trade cycle: construction and facility calculation3. Bills of lading: exercising control4. Advance against collections: an alternative to the overdraft5. Letters of credit for import: protecting the applicant 6. Letters of credit for export: protecting the beneficiary7. Letter of credit non-bank issuer: risk appreciation and negotiation8. Standby letters of credit: protecting the applicant and issuing bank9. Advance payment guarantee: Applicant risk mitigation and clause construction10. Back to back guarantees: managing risk11. Pre-export finance: use of documentation to mitigate performance risk12. Pre-shipment finance: funding the manufacturer13. Stock: structuring financing solutions14. Commercial terms: evaluation15. Credit insurance: evaluating cover16. Receivables finance: formulating the facility structure17. Specific insured debt purchase: structuring a solution to meet the client’s needs18. Financing the importer: structuring payables finance19. Supporting the middle-party: minimising risk exposure20. Discount purchase: reducing the facility requirement21. Commodity finance: financing the trade cycle22. Trade & receivables finance: structuring a compelling client focused solution

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Book SynopsisHave you ever wondered why we can afford to buy far more clothes than our grandparents ever could . . . but may be less likely to own a home in which to keep them all? Why your petrol bill can double in a matter of months, but it never falls as fast?; Behind all of this lies economics.; It's not always easy to grasp the complex forces that are shaping our lives. But by following a dollar on its journey around the globe, we can start to piece it all together.; The dollar is the lifeblood of globalisation. Greenbacks, singles, bucks or dead presidents: call them what you will, they are keeping the global economy going. Half of the notes in circulation are actually outside of the USA - and many of the world's dollars are owned by China.; But what is really happening as our cash moves around the world every day, and how does it affect our lives? By following $1 from a shopping trip in suburban Texas, via China's central bank, Nigerian railroads, the oilfields of Iraq and beyond, The Almighty Dollar reveals the economic truths behind what we see on the news every day. Why is China the world's biggest manufacturer - and the USA its biggest customer? Is free trade really a good thing? Why would a nation build a bridge on the other side of the planet?; In this illuminating read, economist Dharshini David lays bare these complex relationships to get to the heart of how our new globalised world works, showing who really holds the power, and what that means for us all.Trade Review"A brilliant book ... everyone should buy it because it's very, very readable" - Iain Dale, LBC; "Original and engaging ... If you've ever wondered what globalisation is and why people get so passionate about it then I can think of no better guide. Economics can be fascinating and accessible. This book is proof" - Joel Hills, Business Editor, ITV News; `Brilliantly revealing' - Ian King, business presenter, Sky News, and Times columnist; `Readable and illuminating' - The BooksellerTable of ContentsContents; Introduction 1; 1 Worshipping at the temple of low prices and endless offers: The USA to China 15; 2 Making - and working - the global red carpet: China 41; 3 Finding love in the Niger Delta: China to Nigeria 65; 4 Spicing up the recipe for success: Nigeria to India 89; 5 The dark price of black gold: India to Iraq 119; 6 Funding the means of destruction: Iraq to Russia 143; 7 The trials of a blended family: Russia to Germany 169; 8 A bad day at work for the Masters of the Universe: Germany to the UK 195; 9 Feeding the addiction: The UK to the USA 221; Further reading 251; Acknowledgements 255; Index 257

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Book SynopsisTrade Review"Catão and Obstfeld's book offers valuable insights into what globalization can and cannot deliver. The rich diversity of perspectives among a distinguished cast of contributors makes these collective readings unique, stimulating, and informative to policymakers, academics, and the general public at large."—Carmen M. Reinhart, coauthor of This Time Is Different: Eight Centuries of Financial Folly"Bringing together leading experts who lay out the key issues we face today, Meeting Globalization's Challenges offers a nuanced, insightful, and balanced exploration that will serve as an invaluable reference."—Pinelopi Goldberg, Chief Economist, World Bank Group, and Elihu Professor of Economics, Yale University"This is an extremely topical book that brings together an impressive group of top economists to discuss pressing issues related to globalization. A superb overview of a controversial subject."—Douglas A. Irwin, author of Clashing over Commerce: A History of US Trade Policy"Economists tend to believe that globalization has been good for humanity. The public often thinks it brings inequality, unemployment, and social instability. This important book explains how to reconcile these different perspectives with fresh thinking about how the benefits of globalization can be preserved while the risks can be better managed."—Minouche Shafik, director of the London School of Economics, former deputy governor of the Bank of England

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Book SynopsisThe next financial collapse will resemble nothing in history. . . . Deciding upon the best course to follow will require comprehending a minefield of risks, while poised at a crossroads, pondering the death of the dollar.The U.S. dollar has been the global reserve currency since the end of World War II. If the dollar fails, the entire international monetary system will fail with it. But optimists have always said, in essence, that confidence in the dollar will never truly be shaken, no matter how high our national debt or how dysfunctional our government.In the last few years, however, the risks have become too big to ignore. While Washington is gridlocked, our biggest rivals—China, Russia, and the oil-producing nations of the Middle East—are doing everything possible to end U.S. monetary hegemony. The potential results: Financial warfare. Deflation. Hyperinflation. Market collapse. Chaos.James Rickards, the acclaimed author of Currency Wars, shows why money itself is now at risk and what we can all do to protect ourselves. He explains the power of converting unreliable investments into real wealth: gold, land, fine art, and other long-term stores of value.

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Book SynopsisIndia is the fastest-growing trillion dollar economy in the world and poised to be the sixth largest economy in the world, overtaking the UK in 2019. As such, more and more businesses world-wide are looking to do business in this market. However, India's unique business environment, culture and traditions make it a challenging market for most foreigners. Doing Business in India is designed to make anyone exploring, starting or already doing business in India better aware of the cultural and business etiquette's necessary to succeed in this market. This concise and attractive book is a one-stop guide that aims to shed light on the intricacies and complexities of doing business in India.

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Book SynopsisCrafting an engrossing journey from the Pennsylvania oil fields of the 1860s to today's Middle East, Crude Volatility shows how past periods of stability and volatility in oil prices help us understand the new boom-bust era. Robert McNally explains how oil became so central to our world and why it is subject to such extreme price fluctuations.Trade ReviewRobert McNally has written an excellent biography of a world-famous character, known for volatility and violent mood swings, sometimes reviled but always a player in the world economy and politics—the oil price. Insightful and timely, Crude Volatility explores the clash over many decades between "boom and bust" prices and the efforts to harness them. In the current market, McNally explains why volatility is likely to win out over stability—highly significant for what will remain the world's most important commodity for many years to come. -- Daniel Yergin, Pulitzer Prize winning author of The Prize and The Quest and Vice Chairman of IHS MarkitPioneer's strong balance sheet and successful hedging program—before and since the latest price bust—depended largely on McNally's sound advice and his outstanding grasp of oil market dynamics and OPEC. This same expertise is on display in his lively book, which will help any reader understand the history of oil markets, and how we got to where we are today. -- Scott Sheffield, CEO, Pioneer Natural ResourcesThis is an important book. Bob McNally is the first to place shale oil in its proper historical context and explain the ramifications. His conclusions have profound implications for policymakers and the market. It would be unwise to venture out into this new and more volatile oil market without using McNally as your guide. -- Paul Horsnell, Global Head of Commodities at Standard CharteredThis completely fresh viewpoint from Robert McNally is a must read for anyone involved in the oil market. The historical perspective provided in Crude Volatility is critical to understanding the future of prices and the impact they will have on the geopolitical order in years to come. Buckle up for a wild ride! -- Paul Tudor Jones, founder of Tudor Investment Corporation and the Robin Hood FoundationSplendid... McNally is both a skillful historian and an astute analyst... for readers who do not have the time to tackle Daniel Yergin's 900-page standard-bearer, The Prize (1990), Crude Volatility is a concise alternative for understanding the grand narrative of oil. -- R. Tyler Priest * Wall Street Journal *[McNally] deftly explains the motivation behind attempts to temper oil market swings. . . . McNally uses history and two new oil data sets - on prices and global spare capacity - to explain that the greater the market imbalance, the wider the potential price swings, which in itself reinforces greater supply fluctuations. -- Anjli Raval * Financial Times *The most comprehensive treatment of concerted attempts to stabilize oil prices...Recommended. * Choice *If you're an investor in the sector, a policy-maker or diplomat, or you just want a heads up about the next threats facing the global economy, read it. * Petroleum Economist *[McNally] paints a compelling picture of the colorful history of the global oil industry . . . of interest and pertinence to nearly every energy economist (and many macroeconomists). . . . Well-researched and documented. * Energy Journal *Table of ContentsPrefaceAcknowledgmentsAuthor's NoteIntroduction: The Texas ParadoxI. The Long Struggle for Stability: 1859–19721. And Then There Was Light: From Chaos to Order in the Kerosene Era (1859–1911)2. No Rockefeller, No Peace: Boom-Bust Returns3. Why Are Oil Prices Prone to Boom-Bust Cycles?4. The Texas Era of Price Stability: U.S. Supply Controls and International Cartelization (1934–1972)II. The OPEC Era: 1973–20085. The Birth of OPEC: 1960–19696. OPEC Takes Control from Texas and the Seven Sisters: 1970–19807. OPEC's Rude Awakening: 1981–19908. OPEC Muddles Through: 1991–20039. Twilight: OPEC's Power to Prevent Price Spikes Ebbs and Vanishes: 2004–200810. Oil's Third Boom-Bust Era: 2009–?EpilogueNotesBibliographyIndex

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Book SynopsisTrade Review"Winner of the Gold Medal in International Business / Globalization, Axiom Business Book Awards""[The] exploration of trade’s future is particularly thought-provoking. . . . One lesson of Mr. Levinson’s absorbing, centuries-long survey is that evolving global systems are always vulnerable to unexpected events."---Matthew Rees, Wall Street Journal"Smart and exceptionally well-timed."---Justin Fox, Bloomberg"Ostensibly a history of international trade through three distinct ‘globalizations,’ Outside the Box is most useful as a chronicle of how the pre-2008 model of complex, globe-spanning, just-in-time manufacturing has been exposed as fragile, inefficient, and opaque."---Mike Jakeman, strategy+business"Outside the Box is an intriguing synergy of social-sciences analysis, a useful aide memoire, a captivating read. Marc Levinson synthesizes well and writes smoothly, with a light touch of irony—very smart non-fiction."---Linda Quest, International Social Science Review"Marc Levinson’s Outside the Box is a timely and fascinating discussion of globalization."---Andreas Grein, Journal of Economic Literature"A valuable and stimulating contribution to the literature which can be profitably (and enjoyably) read by economist and non-economist alike."---Ian Harwood, Society of Professional Economists"Levinson provides a captivating account of globalisation by interlinking historical events that we know a great deal about with more obscure ones. Globalisation is not over – just different. I, for one, am glad it is ongoing as it will allow Levinson to produce a follow-up book."---Alex Gray, Financial World"This book is an interesting addition to the reading list of professionals and policymakers, which will help them think outside the box to integrate globalization and resilience for a sustainable global supply chain that is essential during this uncertain and challenging times. Nevertheless, this book can also serve as an idea-generating platform for academic readers in the field of globalization and international trade."---Satya Sahoo, Journal of Maritime Affairs

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Book SynopsisJohannes Urpelainen provides an expert guide to India’s energy and environmental issues that incorporates both domestic and global perspectives. He details how unequal economic development and rapid population growth have brought the country to its current state.Trade ReviewUrpelainen provides a social and historical context for the development of India’s environment and energy policy since independence. Not many books do this in an approachable manner, and hence Energy and Environment in India is a welcome intervention. The book convincingly makes the case that meeting India’s growing energy needs sustainably is central to maintaining the global carbon budget. -- Kaushik Deb, Columbia UniversityUrpelainen’s analysis addresses two of 21st century India’s most entrenched, interrelated policy and political challenges: expanding energy access while also protecting a fragile environment. The volume, which deftly situates these problems within their complex social, political, and historical settings, will be equally valuable for researchers, students, and policymakers. -- Sunila S. Kale, University of WashingtonThe book convincingly argues that to produce fair, equitable, and sustainable outcomes for almost two billion Indians, the country must strive for a sustainable future through democratic norms. It’s a great reference book to understand India’s domestic issues and its role in the global energy and environment politics. * The Hindu *An excellent model through which we might argue for the utility of history in environment and energy policy. * H-Environment *Table of ContentsIntroduction1. Foundations and History2. Economic Growth and Environmental Degradation3. Governance and Policy4. Flexing Muscle in Global Environmental Politics5. The Future of Energy and Environment in IndiaNotesBibliographyIndex

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Book SynopsisMichael H. Moffett is Continental Grain Professor in Finance at the Thunderbird School of Global Management, where he has been since 1994. He has also held teaching or research appointments at Oregon State University (1985 to 1993), the University of Michigan, Ann Arbor (1991 to 1993), the Brookings Institution, Washington, DC, the University of Hawaii at Manoa, the Aarhus School of Business (Denmark), the Helsinki School of Economics and Business Administration (Finland), the International Centre for Public Enterprises (Yugoslavia), and the University of Colorado, Boulder. Moffett received a BA (Economics) from the University of Texas at Austin (1977), an MS (Resource Economics) from Colorado State University (1979), an MA (Economics) from the University of Colorado, Boulder (1983), and a PhD (Economics) from the University of Colorado, Boulder (1985). He has authored, co-authored, or contributed to a number of books, articles and other publications. He has coauthoTable of ContentsPART 1: GLOBAL FINANCIAL ENVIRONMENT Multinational Fin Mgmt: Challenges & Opportunities The International Monetary System The Balance of Payments Financial Goals and Corporate Governance PART 2: FOREIGN EXCHANGE THEORY & MARKETS The Foreign Exchange Market International Parity Conditions Appendix: An Algebraic Primer to Parity Conditions Foreign Currency Futures & Options Interest Rate Derivatives & Swaps Exchange Rate Determination & Forecasting PART 3: FOREIGN EXCHANGE EXPOSURE Transaction Exposure Translation Exposure Operating Exposure PART 4: FINANCING THE GLOBAL FIRM The Global Cost and Availability of Capital Funding the Multinational Firm Multinational Tax Management International Trade Finance PART 5: FOREIGN INVESTMENTS & OPERATIONS Foreign Direct Investment & Political Risk Multinational Capital Budgeting & Cross-Border Acquisitions Answers to selected end-of-chapter problems

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Book SynopsisAn informed argument for an economic policy based on bridges of preparation and adaptation rather than walls of protection and exclusionTrade Review“Given the tight global labour market, [Hubbard’s] points on training workers—that corporations benefit in the long term by investing in the development of their workers—are timely. The upshot is that to flourish, we all need to build bridges. Government policy must play a central role, while businesses must invest in its people and communities.”—Financial Times“Those who gain from change need to compensate the losers. But ‘compensation is not a check from a gainer to the loser, but a basic principle that support for preparation (opportunity) and reconnection (social insurance) must accompany market acceptance of change. It preserves both the gains of market capitalism and dynamism, and popular support for those gains.’ Hubbard’s support for such ideas is to me surprising, important and correct.”—Martin Wolf, The Economist, “Best New Books on Economics”“In the tortured partisan debate on economic policy, it is a rare pleasure to find a superb scholar such as Glenn Hubbard framing issues from the center.”—Kenneth Rogoff, Harvard University“Glenn Hubbard’s rare blend of a keen mind, a facile pen, and copious government experience makes him a voice worth listening to. I always do, even when we disagree. The Wall and the Bridge is a great read—packed with good ideas and sprightly writing.”—Alan S. Blinder, Princeton University“When technological change and globalization in recent decades brought frustration over the resulting losses to jobs and communities, there were no guardrails to get these workers back on track. As this compelling book shows, our nation is going to need bridges to help people get through the unavoidable transformations.”—Edmund Phelps, 2006 Nobel Laureate in Economics and author of Mass Flourishing

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Book SynopsisA bold new account of the state of globalization today—and what its collapse might mean for the world economyTrade Review“Braw excels herself in this book. Sharply illustrated with real-life examples and vivid character sketches, closely argued and clearly written, she outlines the dangers unthinking globalisation created for our domestic cohesion and national security – and plots a path back from the brink.”—Edward Lucas, author of The New Cold War“Braw writes with long-established research authority and great personal wit, tracing the way so many optimistic expectations have been redefined; events and trends that leave us, indeed, with a new world to fashion as best we can. It’s the story of our era, and Elisabeth Braw tells it beautifully.”—Michael Clarke, author of The Challenge of Defending Britain“Braw has crafted a gem of a book, a trenchant, big-hearted account of the helter skelter history of globalisation, its slippery rise and apparent fall. Who shaped it, how did it lose its steam? GoodbyeGlobalization is peopled with hucksters and schemers but also philanthropists. . . . A fantastically eclectic cast of interview partners give insights into how it all went wrong.”—Roger Boyes, Diplomatic Editor of The Times “Braw has brilliantly explained the challenges we face now and in the coming years. We, the West, must get organized, strengthening our alliances while also strengthening our own national resilience in order to protect what has made us secure and prosperous. Elisabeth has shown us how.”—Lt Gen (ret.) Ben Hodges, former Commander General of United States Army Europe“The idea of mutual dependency between liberal democracies and authoritarian states brought money to some, but war and misery to many. Elisabeth Braw brilliantly analyses the causes behind the current global turmoil. Unfortunately more are set to come due to these misjudgements. Read this book and buckle up.”—Artis Pabriks, former Deputy Prime Minister of Latvia

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Book SynopsisThe Art of Sanctions offers a practical framework for planning and applying sanctions based on two critical factors: pain and resolve. Focusing on lessons learned from sanctions on Iran and Iraq, Richard Nephew provides policymakers with practical guidance on how to measure and respond to pain and resolve to achieve successful sanctions regimes.Trade ReviewAs Richard Nephew points out in this highly readable book, the use of economic sanctions to affect the behavior of others internationally has been around for a long time. Precisely because he has been a practitioner in the application of sanctions, his insights and conclusions are thoughtful and should inform policy makers. Experts as well as the interested public will learn a great deal from this book. -- Dennis Ross, former special assistant to President Obama and Secretary of State Clinton, and counselor, Washington Institute for Near East PolicySanctions have become a hot policy tool and Richard Nephew—a key sanctions policy practitioner during the Obama administration—has written a masterful insider's how-to guide. Those dealing with or worried about North Korea, Russia, or Iran would do well to learn lessons from The Art of Sanctions. -- Daniel Fried, former U.S. State Department coordinator for sanctions policy, and distinguished fellow, Atlantic CouncilDrawing on his firsthand experience as a senior U.S. policymaker and negotiator, Nephew provides an essential user’s guide to the development and implementation of sanctions, an increasingly vital tool of U.S. statecraft. A must-read for officials and outside experts dealing with North Korea, Iran, Russia, and other pressing national security challenges. -- Robert Einhorn, former senior advisor for nonproliferation and arms control at the U.S. State Department and senior fellow at the Brookings InstitutionRichard Nephew's excellent book provides a basic framework for effectively employing sanctions. It makes a very important contribution to our understanding of how to use these tools—particularly from a practitioner's perspective. -- Eric B. Lorber, Financial Integrity NetworkNephew draws on his experiences at the U.S. Department of State as deputy coordinator for sanctions policy to provide anecdotes about the U.S. experience applying sanctions on Iran and Iraq, which help illustrate his framework and make for an entertaining read. * Arms Control Today *

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Book SynopsisWhy has Taiwan spent more than three decades pouring capital and talent into China? Going beyond the received wisdom of the “China miracle” and “Taiwan factor,” Wu Jieh-min’s award-winning Rival Partners shows how Taiwan benefits from partnering with its political archrival and helps to cultivate a global economic superpower.Trade ReviewWu has written a superb book that deserves the attention of historians, sociologists, political scientists, and scholars from other disciplines interested in the nuances and paradoxes of China’s post-Mao opening, its global effects, and cross-strait relations. -- Jason M. Kelly * Journal of Chinese History *Anyone wishing to go beyond simplistic formulae summarizing the narrative of China’s so-called economic miracle will have to read this detailed, nuanced, yet overarching research. -- Françoise Mengin * China Quarterly *Wu Jieh-min opens a new door by studying the experience of Taiwanese businesspeople (‘Taishang’) who played a critical role in the early stages of China’s reforms. -- Franz-Stefan Gady * Survival *Rival Partners is a major contribution to the study of Chinese development and global capitalism. Weaving together rich materials on Taiwanese manufacturers, local Chinese officials, and migrant labor, Wu details how China’s export manufacturing model thrived and unraveled, leading to today’s crisis and transformation. It is a meticulous study of the rent-seeking and developmental dual characters of the Chinese state. -- Ho-fung Hung, author of The China BoomBased on decades of theoretically informed and expertly crafted empirical research, this book is an intellectual feast connecting shop-floor realities and local citizenship regimes to cross-strait relations and global political economy. A rare and singularly insightful Taiwan perspective on China’s rise. -- Ching Kwan Lee, author of The Specter of Global China and Hong Kong: Global China’s Restive FrontierWu has written a magnificent monograph on the collaborative construction of development between two seemingly rivaling actors: Guangdong officials and Taiwanese entrepreneurs. It points to the significance of invisible coalitions in developmental theory. -- Nan Lin, Duke UniversityRival Partners explores export-oriented industrialization in China as a chapter of the post-war capitalist development of Taiwan. With its sharp research question and original argument combined with solid fieldwork, meticulous analysis, and comprehensive theoretical dialogue, Rival Partners is a milestone in our understanding of China as the world factory since the 1980s. -- Gwo-shyong Shieh, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan

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Book SynopsisCountries with smaller governments grow faster.Tobacco taxes are the best way to cut smoking. Government regulation discourages entrepreneurship.Award-winning investigative journalist Tom Bergin digs into eight mantras widely accepted by Western governments and, by talking to the people who promote those ideas and the workers, businesspeople and consumers who have felt their impacts, finds they often don't play out as expected. Smart, funny and incisive, Free Lunch Thinking is essential reading for anyone who really wants to know how economies tick - and why they often don't._______________________________________________________________'I couldn't put it down. A thorough and nuanced examination of the evolution of supply side economics . . . I loved it.' Arthur Laffer, creator of the Laffer Curve'An entertaining and thought-provoking exploration of economic theories that have been both widely accepted and largely wrong . . . I devoured it in a couple of sittings.' Reuters Breakingviews'An insightful account of the recent history of economic thought. If you are looking for a book which challenges you without being annoying - make it this one.' Institute of Economics AffairsTrade ReviewAn essential read if you want to know how economics has erred - and how it can do better.—Gabriel Zucman, author of 'The Hidden Wealth of Nations'I couldn't put it down. A thorough and nuanced examination of the evolution of supply side economics and the debates we had around how to put the theory into practice. I loved it.—Arthur Laffer, creator of the Laffer CurveA brilliant tour de force exposing the limitations of economic theories. Bergin punctures many accepted myths and - with care and rigour - demonstrates how much accepted economic orthodoxy is based on ideology and not reality. A very readable and well-researched book that we all should read.—Margaret Hodge, former chair of the UK parliament’s Public Accounts CommitteeAn entertaining and thought-provoking exploration of economic theories that have been both widely accepted and largely wrong . . . I devoured it in a couple of sittings.—Reuters BreakingviewsFantastically provocative book . . . a really great read.—David McWilliams, economist and author

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Book SynopsisThe novelist Paul Morand described the Exposition of 1900 in Paris: … a new and ephemeral city hidden in the centre of the other, a whole quarter of Paris in fancy dress, a ball, where the buildings were the masqueraders. To our childish eyes it was a marvel, a coloured picture book, a save filled by strangers with treatures. Masked in this swirl of colour and noise was an event for the political, scholarly, literary, and financial elite of all nations, an occasion for demonstrating the many preoccupations of the intellectuals of the age. Like all the World's Fairs of the nineteenth century, this was an opportunity for the awarding of excellence: the awards or lack of them could make or break an artist, craftsman, or inventor who offered his skills for judgment by the international juries; it was the arena where careers were launched or ended, fortunes made or destroyed, reputations of great firms established or ruined. And in one major respect the Paris World's

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Book SynopsisThe history of mass-market diamonds goes back to German imperialism in Southwest Africa. Corporate power and state violence combined in the genocide of the Herero and Nama peoples, whose mineral-rich land supplied budding consumer demand in the United States. Steven Press makes clear that mass luxury has always come at a huge price.Trade Review[A] deeply researched, often horrifying…study of the country’s entanglement in the diamond trade. -- Joshua Hammer * New York Review of Books *An excellent history…Looks at the story through the prism of diamonds…His careful economic history makes clear the importance of diamonds to the survival of the colony and to Germany’s economic reach at the time. -- Nicolas van de Walle * Foreign Affairs *Through the rigor, subtlety, and elegance of his work, Press has produced one of the most thought-provoking recent books in this field. -- Jean-Michel Johnston * H-Diplo *Steven Press has written a disturbing, brilliant book. Courageous and deeply researched, Blood and Diamonds brings out the full measure of transnational intrigue, cutthroat capitalist competition, and sheer callousness at the center of this long-hidden, disheartening human catastrophe. A stunning new history. -- Helmut Walser Smith, author of Germany: A Nation in Its Time: Before, During, and After Nationalism, 1500–2000Empirically rich and elegantly written, Blood and Diamonds will be received as an important landmark in the history of German colonialism and more broadly as an examination of the entanglements between colony and metropole. Press aptly combines meticulous scholarship with remarkable narrative talent. -- Andreas Eckert, Humboldt University, BerlinSteven Press’s history of conflict diamonds from Namibia under German rule shows German colonialism in a new light and in a broader context, extending into the Nazi era and beyond. Diamonds were a colonial fantasy with all-too-real consequences of premature death for African workers and of Germans’ renewed anti-Semitism and willingness for war. Fluently written, provocative, and hugely informative. -- Lora Wildenthal, author of German Women for Empire, 1884–1945Absorbing…Press masterfully interweaves the history of diamonds and empire with international economics and consumption, racism and genocidal violence, and the complexities of metropole-colony relations…An insightful, fascinating, and important book. * Choice *Press shows that the diamond wealth flowing from German Southwest Africa was crucial to both the development of German colonialism in Africa and Germany’s broader global engagement. -- Stephen Morgan * African Studies Review *An engaging examination into an important aspect of German colonialism in the pre-WWI period. -- Brian de Ruiter * International Social Science Review *

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Book SynopsisJeffrey D. Sachs presents timely and achievable plans to foster global economic growth and shift from war making to peacemaking. A New Foreign Policy explores both the danger of the “America first” mindset and the concrete steps the United States must take to build a multipolar world that is prosperous, peaceful, fair, and resilient.Trade ReviewForceful and angry, Sachs verges on hyperbole in his indictment of America past and present, but he does highlight the perils of continuing on the same path. * New York Times Book Review *His new book is entitled A New Foreign Policy: Beyond American Exceptionalism, and there is much inside to be celebrated. I never thought I would utter the words “I agree with Jeff Sachs,” let alone put them in print, yet here we are. * American Conservative *Highly recommended. * Choice *A challenging departure from the Beltway assumption that America has acted as a force for good in the world. * Financial Times *Sachs provides a broad alternative vision not only to the Trump administration’s foreign policy, but to past U.S. foreign policy more generally. * LSE Review of Books *A worthwhile read, in which Sachs demonstrates expertise on vastly different policy fields and makes a convincing case that abdicating the toxic intersection of militarism and exceptionalism is key to building a brighter future, both in the U.S. and around the world. * Global Policy *Jeffrey Sachs is one of the few prominent American academics who dares to make the bold case that the US has been on the wrong track for decades. Its non-academic style makes this book accessible to any reader who wants to gain a broad understanding of what is driving American grand strategy * International Spectator *Table of ContentsPrefaceIntroductionPart I: U.S. Exceptionalism in a Changing World 1. From Exceptionalism to Globalism2. Exceptionalism as the Civic Religion3. The Era of Global Convergence4. Eurasia on the Rise, America on the Sidelines5. Russia-U.S. Relations in the Changing World Order Part II: America’s Wars 6. American Imperialism and “Wars of Choice”7. Contradictory Promises and a Century of Conflict in the Middle East8. North Korea and the Doomsday Clock9. Trump's National Security Strategy Part III: U.S. Foreign Economic Statecraft 10. The Economic Balance Sheet on “America First”11. Foreign Policy Populism12. Economic War with China13. Will Trump Hand China the Technological Lead?14. Toward a World Economy of Regions Part IV: Renewing American Diplomacy 15. From Diplomatic Leader to Rogue Nation16. The Ethics and Practicalities of Foreign Aid17. Managing Migration and Immigration18. Achieving Sustainable Development19. A New Foreign Policy for American Security and Well-BeingNotesReferencesIndex

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Book Synopsis*Winner of the Enlightened Economist Prize 2019**Winner of Debut Writer of the Year at the Edward Stanford Travel Writing Awards 2020**Longlisted for the Financial Times & McKinsey Business Book of the Year Award 2019*'Extreme Economies is a revelation - and a must-read.' Andy Haldane, Chief Economist at the Bank of EnglandTo understand how humans react and adapt to economic change we need to study people who live in harsh environments. From death-row prisoners trading in institutions where money is banned to flourishing entrepreneurs in the world's largest refugee camp, from the unrealised potential of cities like Kinshasa to the hyper-modern economy of Estonia, every life in this book has been hit by a seismic shock, violently broken or changed in some way.In his quest for a purer view of how economies succeed and fail, Richard Davies takes the reader off the beaten path to places where part of the economy has been repressed, removed, destroyed or turbocharged. He tells the personal stories of humans living in these extreme situations, and of the financial infrastructure they create. Far from the familiar stock reports, housing crises, or banking scandals of the financial pages, Extreme Economies reveals the importance of human and social capital, and in so doing tells small stories that shed light on today's biggest economic questions.'A highly original approach to understanding what really makes economies tick.' Mervyn King, former Governor of the Bank of EnglandTrade ReviewA highly original approach to understanding what really makes economies tick. Both insightful and accessible to non-economists. * Mervyn King, former Governor of the Bank of England *Davies visits economies pushed to the limit and examines what their response teaches us about resilience in the face of climate change, demographic shifts and state failure. * Financial Times *An exploration of the lessons to be drawn from disaster-stricken economies and imperilled (but innovative) people, which ranges from the jungles of Panama to post-tsunami Indonesia to the prison system of Louisiana and Syrian refugee camps. * The Economist - Books of the Year 2019 *Financial Times Best Books of 2019: Extreme Economies is a reflection on human resilience. The author takes you from a prison to a refugee camp to Kinshasa and Santiago to explain how economies work in extreme circumstances and why markets succeed or fail. Weaving economic theory and individual life stories, this is an important and enjoyable read.We learn most about ourselves at times of extreme stress and challenge. Using nine compelling country case studies, Richard Davies brilliantly demonstrates that the same is true of our economic systems. In its approach and insights, Extreme Economies is a revelation - and a must-read. * Andy Haldane, Chief Economist at the Bank of England *

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Book SynopsisThis handbook provides practitioners with a collection of original ideas on foreign exchange rates, and provides the necessary background on relevant concepts, risks, and policies for working in today's international economic climate.Table of ContentsPreface xxiii Contributors xxvii part one Overview 1 Foreign Exchange Market Structure, Players, and Evolution 3 1.1 Introduction, 3 1.2 Geography and Composition of Currency Trading, 4 1.2.1 Which Currencies are Traded? 6 1.2.2 What Instruments are Traded? 9 1.2.3 How is Trading Regulated? 9 1.3 Players and Information in FX Markets, 11 1.3.1 Who Needs Liquidity? 12 1.3.2 Who Provides Liquidity? 15 1.3.3 Asymmetric Information and Exchange Rate Determination, 19 1.4 Electronic Trading Revolution in FX Markets, 21 1.4.1 The Telephone Era, 22 1.4.2 The Rise of the Computer, 22 1.4.3 Recent Developments in Electronic Trading, 30 1.5 Survey of Multibank FX Platforms, 35 1.6 Summary, 38 Glossary, 39 Acknowledgments, 41 References, 42 2 Macro Approaches to Foreign Exchange Determination 45 2.1 Introduction, 45 2.2 Models of the Nominal Exchange Rate, 46 2.2.1 The Monetary Model, 46 2.2.2 Portfolio Balance Models, 49 2.2.3 Empirical Evidence, 51 2.3 Real Models of the Real Exchange Rate, 54 2.3.1 Purchasing Power Parity, 55 2.3.2 Balassa–Samuelson and Productivity-Based Models, 56 2.3.3 Two-Good Models, 59 2.4 New Directions in Exchange-Rate Modeling, 60 2.4.1 Taking Reaction Functions Seriously, 60 2.4.2 The Impact of Financial Globalization, 63 2.4.3 The Risk Premium and Order Flow, 64 2.5 Conclusions, 65 Acknowledgments, 65 References, 66 3 Micro Approaches to Foreign Exchange Determination 73 3.1 Introduction, 73 3.2 Perspectives on Spot-Rate Dynamics, 74 3.2.1 Decomposition of Depreciation Rates, 74 3.2.2 Macro- and Microperspectives, 77 3.3 Currency Trading Models and their Implications, 80 3.3.1 The Portfolio Shifts Model, 81 3.3.2 Empirical Implications, 88 3.4 Exchange Rates, Order Flows, and the Macro Economy, 95 3.4.1 A Micro-Based Macro model, 96 3.4.2 Empirical Implications, 100 3.5 Conclusion, 105 Appendix, 105 3.6 Acknowledgment, 108 References, 108 4 The Exchange Rate in a Behavioral Finance Framework 111 4.1 Introduction, 111 4.1.1 Mainstream Exchange Rate Models, 111 4.1.2 Away from the Mainstream, 113 4.2 Exchange Rate Puzzles, 114 4.2.1 Disconnect Puzzle and Excess Volatility Puzzle, 114 4.2.2 Unit Root Property, 115 4.2.3 Volatility Clustering, 118 4.2.4 Fat-Tailed Distributed Exchange Rate Returns, 119 4.3 A Prototype Behavioral Model of the Foreign Exchange Market, 122 4.4 Conclusion, 127 References, 129 5 The Evolution of Exchange Rate Regimes and Some Future Perspectives 133 5.1 Introduction, 133 5.2 A Brief History of Currency Regimes, 135 5.3 Performance of the Laisser-Faire Exchange Rate System, 1973–2010, 138 5.3.1 Market Discipline, 139 5.3.2 Economic Policy Coordination, 140 5.3.3 Integration of Emerging Market Countries into the Global Economy, 140 5.4 Trends in Currency Use, 141 5.4.1 Global Imbalances and the Financial Crisis of 2007–2009, 143 5.5 Prospects for the Future, 144 5.5.1 The Current System, 144 5.5.2 Toward a more Managed International Monetary System? 146 5.5.3 How and When Will Reform Occur? 150 5.5.4 A Global Nominal Anchor? 151 5.6 Concluding Comments, 153 Appendix A: A Formal Test of Hollowing Out, 154 References, 156 part two Exchange Rate Models and Methods 6 Purchasing Power Parity in Economic History 161 6.1 Introduction, 161 6.2 Categorization of Purchasing-Power-Parity Theories, 162 6.3 Historical Application of PPP: Premodern Periods, 163 6.3.1 Ancient Period, 163 6.3.2 Medieval Period, 164 6.3.3 Sixteenth-Century Spain, 165 6.4 Techniques of Testing PPP Theory in Economic-History Literature, 165 6.4.1 Comparative-Static Computation, 165 6.4.2 Regression Analysis, 165 6.4.3 Testing for Causality, 165 6.4.4 Nonstationarity and Spurious Regression, 166 6.4.5 Testing for Stationarity, 167 6.4.6 Cointegration Analysis, 167 6.5 Price Variable in PPP Computations, 168 6.6 Modern Period: Testing of PPP, 169 6.6.1 Early North America, 169 6.6.2 Bullionist Periods, 170 6.6.3 Floating Rates—Second-Half of Nineteenth Century, 171 6.6.4 Classic Metallic Standards, 172 6.6.5 World War I, 172 6.6.6 Floating Rates—1920s, 173 6.6.7 1930s, 175 6.6.8 Interwar Period, 175 6.6.9 Spain—Long Term, 176 6.6.10 Guatemala—Long Term, 176 6.7 Analysis of U.S. Return to Gold Standard in 1879, 177 6.8 Establishment and Assessment of a Fixed Exchange Rate in Interwar Period, 177 6.8.1 United Kingdom, 177 6.8.2 France, 179 6.9 Conclusions, 180 References, 181 7 Purchasing Power Parity in Tradable Goods 189 7.1 Introduction, 189 7.2 The LOP and Price Indices, 190 7.3 Empirical Evidence on the LOP, 194 7.3.1 Early Tests of the LOP, 194 7.3.2 The Border Effect, 194 7.3.3 Barriers to Arbitrage and Nonlinearities, 195 7.3.4 The Tradable Versus Nontradable Goods Dichotomy, 198 7.3.5 The Aggregation Bias and Micro Price Studies, 199 7.4 Purchasing Power Parity, 200 7.4.1 Transitory and Structural Disparities from Parity, 203 7.5 Aggregating from the LOP to PPP: What Can We Infer? 205 7.5.1 An Eyeball Analysis of PPP, 207 7.6 Conclusion and Implications, 213 Appendix: TAR Modeling, 214 Acknowledgments, 215 References, 215 8 Statistical and Economic Methods for Evaluating Exchange Rate Predictability 221 8.1 Introduction, 221 8.2 Models for Exchange Rate Predictability, 224 8.2.1 A Present Value Model for Exchange Rates, 224 8.2.2 Predictive Regressions, 226 8.3 Statistical Evaluation of Exchange Rate Predictability, 228 8.4 Economic Evaluation of Exchange Rate Predictability, 231 8.4.1 The Dynamic FX Strategy, 231 8.4.2 Mean-Variance Dynamic Asset Allocation, 231 8.4.3 Performance Measures, 232 8.4.4 Transaction Costs, 234 8.5 Combined Forecasts, 235 8.6 Empirical Results, 237 8.6.1 Data on Exchange Rates and Economic Fundamentals, 237 8.6.2 Predictive Regressions, 242 8.6.3 Statistical Evaluation, 244 8.6.4 Economic Evaluation, 249 8.7 Conclusion, 256 Appendix A: The Bootstrap Algorithm, 259 Acknowledgments, 260 References, 260 9 When Are Pooled Panel-Data Regression Forecasts of Exchange Rates More Accurate than the Time-Series Regression Forecasts? 265 9.1 Introduction, 265 9.2 Panel Data Exchange Rate Determination Studies, 267 9.3 Asymptotic Consequences of Pooling, 268 9.3.1 Predictive Regression Estimated on Full Sample, 268 9.3.2 Out-of-Sample Prediction, 271 9.4 Monte Carlo Study, 272 9.5 An Illustration with Data, 275 9.6 Conclusions, 278 References, 279 10 Carry Trades and Risk 283 10.1 Introduction, 283 10.2 The Carry Trade: Basic Facts, 285 10.2.1 What is a Carry Trade? 285 10.2.2 Measuring the Returns to the Carry Trade, 286 10.3 Pricing the Returns to the Carry Trade, 290 10.4 Empirical Findings, 293 10.4.1 Traditional Risk Factors, 293 10.4.2 Factors Derived from Currency Returns, 299 10.5 Time-Varying Risk and Rare Events, 308 10.6 Conclusion, 311 Acknowledgments, 311 References, 311 11 Currency Fair Value Models 313 11.1 Introduction, 313 11.2 Models/Taxonomy, 315 11.2.1 ‘‘Adjusted PPP’’: Harrod-Balassa-Samuelson and Penn Effects, 315 11.2.2 The Behavioral Equilibrium Exchange Rate Family of Models, 316 11.2.3 The Underlying Balance (UB) Approach, 320 11.2.4 External Sustainability (ES) Approach, 324 11.2.5 The Natural Real Exchange Rate (NATREX), 325 11.2.6 The Indirect Fair Value (IFV), 325 11.3 Implementation Choices and Model Characteristics, 328 11.3.1 Horizon/Frequency, 329 11.3.2 Direct Econometric Estimation Versus ‘‘Methods of Calculation’’, 331 11.3.3 Treatment of External Imbalances , 332 11.3.4 Real Versus Nominal Exchange Rates, 333 11.3.5 Bilateral Versus Effective Exchange Rate, 333 11.3.6 Time Series Versus Cross Section or Panel, 336 11.3.7 Model Maintenance, 336 11.4 Conclusion, 337 Acknowledgments, 338 References, 339 12 Technical Analysis in the Foreign Exchange Market 343 12.1 Introduction, 343 12.2 The Practice of Technical Analysis, 345 12.2.1 The Philosophy of Technical Analysis, 345 12.2.2 Types of Technical Analysis, 346 12.3 Studies of Technical Analysis in the Foreign Exchange Market, 350 12.3.1 Why Study Technical Analysis? 350 12.3.2 Survey Evidence on the Practice of Technical Analysis, 350 12.3.3 Computing Signals and Returns, 351 12.3.4 Early Studies: Skepticism before the Tide Turns, 353 12.3.5 Pattern Recognition, Intraday Data, and Other Exchange Rates, 353 12.4 Explaining The Success of Technical Analysis, 355 12.4.1 Data Snooping, Publication Bias, and Data Mining, 355 12.4.2 Temporal Variation in Trading Rule Returns, 357 12.4.3 Do Technical Trading Returns Compensate Investors for Bearing Risk? 359 12.4.4 Does Foreign Exchange Intervention Create Trading Rule Profits? 361 12.4.5 Do Cognitive Biases Create Trading Rule Profits? 363 12.4.6 Do Markets Adapt to Arbitrage Away Trading Rule Profits? 365 12.5 The Future of Research on Technical Analysis, 366 12.6 Conclusion, 367 Acknowledgments, 368 References, 368 13 Modeling Exchange Rates with Incomplete Information 375 13.1 Introduction, 375 13.2 Basic Monetary Model, 376 13.3 Information Heterogeneity, 379 13.4 Model Uncertainty, 381 13.5 Infrequent Decision Making, 385 13.6 Conclusion, 388 Acknowledgments, 388 References, 389 14 Exchange Rates in a Stochastic Discount Factor Framework 391 14.1 Introduction, 391 14.2 Exchange Rates and Stochastic Discount Factors, 392 14.2.1 Stochastic Discount Factors, 392 14.2.2 Real Exchange Rates and Currency Risk Premia, 395 14.3 Empirical Evidence, 398 14.3.1 From UIP Regressions to Currency Portfolios, 398 14.3.2 Annual Currency Excess Returns and Aggregate Risk, 399 14.3.3 Monthly Currency Excess Returns, 403 14.3.4 Implications for Stochastic Discount Factors, 403 14.3.5 Predictability of Currency Excess Returns, 405 14.4 Models, 407 14.4.1 Habits, 407 14.4.2 Long-Run Risk, 411 14.4.3 Disaster Risk, 414 14.5 Conclusion, 417 References, 417 15 Volatility and Correlation Timing in Active Currency Management 421 15.1 Introduction, 421 15.2 Dynamic Models for Volatility and Correlation, 424 15.2.1 The Set of Multivariate Models, 425 15.2.2 The Set of Univariate Models for Volatility Timing, 427 15.2.3 Pairwise Model Comparisons, 427 15.2.4 Estimation and Forecasting, 427 15.3 The Economic Value of Volatility and Correlation Timing, 428 15.3.1 The Dynamic Strategy, 428 15.3.2 Dynamic Asset Allocation with CRRA Utility, 428 15.3.3 Performance Measures, 429 15.3.4 Transaction Costs, 430 15.4 Parameter Uncertainty in Bayesian Asset Allocation, 430 15.5 Model Uncertainty, 431 15.5.1 The BMA Strategy, 432 15.5.2 The BMW Strategy, 432 15.6 Empirical Results, 432 15.6.1 Data and Descriptive Statistics, 432 15.6.2 Bayesian Estimation, 433 15.6.3 Evaluating Volatility and Correlation Timing, 434 15.7 Conclusion, 440 Appendix A: Univariate Models for Volatility Timing, 442 Appendix B: Parameter Uncertainty and the Predictive Density, 443 Acknowledgments, 444 References, 444 part three FX Markets and Products 16 Active Currency Management Part I: Is There a Premium for Currency Investing (Beta) 453 16.1 Introduction, 453 16.2 Beta in the Foreign Exchange Markets, 455 16.2.1 Understanding the FX Carry Trade, 455 16.2.2 FX Carry as a Broader Strategy, 456 16.2.3 FX Trend-Based Strategies, 458 16.2.4 Value-Based Strategies Within FX, 460 16.2.5 USD Directional Trade, 461 16.2.6 Correlation between these FX Strategies and Other Forms of Beta, 462 16.2.7 Weighted Portfolio of FX Strategies, 463 16.3 Multiple Forms of FX Beta, 465 16.4 Carry FX Indices from Banks, 465 16.5 Trend-Following FX Indices from Banks, 467 16.6 Conclusion, 468 References, 469 17 Active Currency Management Part II: Is There Skill or Alpha in Currency Investing? 471 17.1 Introduction, 471 17.2 Alternative Currency Management Mandates, 473 17.2.1 Features of a Currency Mandate, 473 17.2.2 Structural and Operational Choices, 476 17.2.3 The Alpha Continuum and Implications of Active Currency Mandates, 477 17.3 Benchmarks for Currency Fund Management, 477 17.3.1 A Basic Factor Model for Currency Returns, 479 17.4 Empirical Evidence with the Barclay Currency Traders Index and Individual Fund Managers, 481 17.4.1 Empirical Evidence with the Barclay Currency Traders Index, 481 17.4.2 Individual Currency Manager Returns, 485 17.4.3 Alternative Information Ratio, 493 17.5 Empirical Evidence: Fund Managers on the DB FX Select Platform, 496 17.5.1 Grouping Managers into a Fund of Funds, 496 17.6 Conclusions and Investment Implications, 498 References, 499 18 Currency Hedging for International Bond and Equity Investors 503 18.1 Introduction, 503 18.2 Overview of Empirical Hedging Studies, 504 18.3 Return and Volatility Impact of Currency Hedging, 506 18.3.1 Theoretical Background, 506 18.3.2 Methodology, 508 18.3.3 Summary of Findings on the Return and Volatility Impact of Currency Hedging, 525 18.4 Hedge Instruments—Currency Forwards versus Options, 526 18.4.1 Why Do Hedge Cash Flows Matter? 526 18.4.2 Historical Performance of Hedging with Options, 527 18.4.3 Summary of Findings on Hedging with Options Versus Forwards, 532 18.5 Managing Tracking Error in Forward Hedges, 533 18.5.1 How Often to Rebalance? 533 18.5.2 Trigger-Based Versus Regular Rebalancing, 539 18.5.3 Summary of Findings on Hedge Rebalancing, 539 18.6 Conclusions, 541 References, 543 19 FX Reserve Management 545 19.1 FX Reserve Management, 545 19.2 FX Reserve Uses, 545 19.3 FX Reserve Sources, 546 19.4 Objectives of Reserves Management, 547 19.5 Techniques of Reserve Management, 547 19.6 Historical Perspective, 548 19.7 What Assets Do Central Banks Hold? 549 19.8 Constraints, 550 19.9 External Managers, 551 19.10 Costs of Accumulation and Holding of Reserves, 551 19.11 Diversification, 552 19.12 Challenges to Diversification and Size of Reserves, 552 19.13 Changing Role of the Dollar as the International Reserve Currency, 554 19.14 Reserve Management if the Dollar is Replaced as the Reserve Currency, 557 19.15 Conclusion, 559 Acknowledgments, 559 References, 559 20 High Frequency Finance: Using Scaling Laws to Build Trading Models 563 20.1 Introduction, 563 20.2 The Intrinsic Time Framework, 565 20.3 Scaling Laws, 567 20.3.1 The New Scaling Laws, 568 20.3.2 The Coastline, 573 20.4 The Scale of Market Quakes, 574 20.5 Trading Models, 577 20.5.1 Overview, 577 20.5.2 Coastline Trader, 578 20.5.3 Monthly Statistics, 580 20.6 Conclusion, 582 Acknowledgments, 582 References, 582 21 Algorithmic Execution in Foreign Exchange 585 21.1 Introduction, 585 21.1.1 Drawing from the Equity Market, 586 21.1.2 What is Going to Work for Foreign Exchange? 587 21.2 Key Components of an Algorithmic Execution Framework, 589 21.2.1 Smart Order Routing (SOR), 589 21.2.2 Intelligence, 590 21.2.3 Speed, 591 21.3 Types of Algorithms, 592 21.3.1 Time Slicers, 592 21.3.2 Sweeper, 592 21.3.3 Iceberg, 592 21.3.4 Opportunistic, 592 21.3.5 Participators, 594 21.3.6 Internalization Strategies, 594 21.3.7 Dynamic Algorithms, 595 21.4 What Execution Strategies are Most Effective? 595 21.4.1 Measuring Performance, 596 21.5 Looking Forward, 596 Appendix A, 596 References, 597 22 Foreign Exchange Strategy Based Products 599 22.1 Introduction, 599 22.2 Evolution of the Foreign Exchange Market, 600 22.2.1 Disappointing Early Years, 600 22.2.2 Emergence of ‘‘Puzzles’’ in FX, 601 22.2.3 Growth of FX Market Turnover and Currency Managers, 602 22.3 Foreign Exchange Investable Indices and Strategy-Based Products, 606 22.3.1 Why Profit Opportunities Exist? 606 22.3.2 Beta and Alpha in Foreign Exchange, 607 22.3.3 Why is FX Attractive? 613 22.3.4 Why use Strategy-Based FX Products? 619 22.4 Conclusion, 620 References, 620 23 Foreign Exchange Futures, Forwards, and Swaps 623 23.1 Introduction, 623 23.2 Market Basics and Size, 625 23.2.1 FX Outright Forwards and Futures, 625 23.2.2 FX Swaps and Cross-Currency Swaps, 628 23.2.3 Market Size, 635 23.3 Dislocations of the FX and Cross-Currency Swap Markets under Financial Crises, 637 23.3.1 Japan Premium Case in the Late 1990s, 637 23.3.2 The Global Financial Crisis from 2007, 639 23.4 Conclusion, 643 Acknowledgments, 643 References, 643 24 FX Options and Volatility Derivatives: An Overview from the Buy-Side Perspective 647 24.1 Introduction, 647 24.2 Why Would One Bother with an Option? 648 24.2.1 History, 648 24.2.2 FX Options, 649 24.3 Market for FX Options, 655 24.3.1 Overview, 655 24.3.2 Players, 656 24.3.3 Setting the Price, 658 24.4 Volatility, 660 24.4.1 Overview of Models, 660 24.4.2 Some Stylized Facts and Implied Moments, 664 24.4.3 Is Volatility an Asset Class? 666 24.4.4 Anti-Black Swan Strategies, 674 24.4.5 Black Swan Strategies, 676 24.5 FX Options from the Buy-Side Perspective, 683 24.5.1 Strike versus Leverage, 683 24.5.2 Implied Distribution, 685 24.5.3 Long-Dated Options versus Short-Dated Option, 689 24.5.4 Black Swan Fund, 692 24.5.5 Currency Hedging of Illiquid Assets, 693 Acknowledgment, 695 References, 695 part four FX Markets and Policy 25 A Common Framework for Thinking about Currency Crises 699 25.1 Introduction, 699 25.2 The KFG Model, 701 25.3 Extensions, 706 25.3.1 Attack-Conditional Monetary Policy, 706 25.3.2 Devaluation, 707 25.3.3 Sterilization and Interest Rate Defense, 709 25.3.4 Lender of Last Resort and Currency Crises, 711 25.4 Empirical Work, 713 25.5 Conclusion, 714 References, 715 26 Official Intervention in the Foreign Exchange Market 717 26.1 Introduction, 717 26.2 Official FX Interventions and Reserve Accumulation: Stylized Facts, Motives, and Effects, 721 26.3 Empirical Evidence on the Effectiveness of Official FX Interventions, 725 26.3.1 A Simple Conceptual Framework, 726 26.3.2 Time-Series Approach: Evidence on Effectiveness and Channels, 728 26.3.3 Event-Study Approach: Evidence on Longer-Term Effectiveness, 739 26.4 Conclusions, 746 26.5 Acknowledgements, 746 References, 747 27 Exchange Rate Misalignment—The Case of the Chinese Renminbi 751 27.1 Introduction, 751 27.2 Background, 752 27.3 Undervalued or Overvalued, 754 27.3.1 The FEER Misalignment Estimate, 754 27.3.2 The Penn Effect Regression, 757 27.3.3 Data Revision, 759 27.4 Concluding Remarks, 762 Acknowledgments, 763 References, 763 28 Choosing an Exchange Rate Regime 767 28.1 Five Advantages of Fixed Exchange Rates , 768 28.2 Econometric Evidence on the Bilateral Trade Effects of Currency Regimes, 770 28.2.1 Time-Series Dimension, 771 28.2.2 Omitted Variables, 772 28.2.3 Endogeneity of the Currency Decision, 773 28.2.4 Implausible Magnitude of the Estimate, 774 28.2.5 Country Size, 775 28.3 Five Advantages of Floating Exchange Rates, 775 28.4 How to Weigh Up the Advantages of Fixing Versus Floating, 777 28.5 Country Characteristics That Should Help Determine the Choice of Regime, 778 28.6 Alternative Nominal Anchors, 780 References, 781 Index 785

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Book SynopsisHow do executives and managers set the right price? Underpinned by research and real-life anecdotes, this title addresses this question, offering guidelines any company - whether a multi-national conglomerate, a small business, or even a non-profit can follow to create a comprehensive pricing strategy for any product and service.Trade Review"The Art of Pricing is an entertaining primer on how to unlock 'hidden profits' and growth by aligning your product's price with the value customers place on it." -- BusinessWeek SmallBiz "A valuable insight into the strategic importance of pricing." -- Peter W. Olson, Senior Lecturer - Harvard Business School and former Chairman and CEO of Random House "This breakthrough "how to" book offers a practical and comprehensive framework that shows companies how to use price to drive profits from diverse customer segments in offensive and defensive (recession, inflation, and new competitor) situations." -- Richard Spaulding, Member of the Board of Directors, Scholastic Corporation "Pricing volatility will likely be the greatest challenge management will face in the next decade. Rafi Mohammed provides pricing guidance that equips readers to successfully navigate and profit in these uncertain times." -- George Stalk, Senior Advisor and Fellow, The Boston Consulting Group "Rafi Mohammed uses insightful real-world examples to show how small changes in a company's pricing tactics can lead to big profits. You will profit from this book - and enjoy every minute reading it!" -- Michael R. Baye, Bert Elwert Professor of Business Economics at Indiana University & former Director of the Bureau of Economics at the FTC "This is a rich resource for not-for-profits. Rafi Mohammed shows how smart pricing tactics can distribute educational and cultural benefits as widely as possible, yet still balance the books. It will change the way you think about pricing." -- Joseph C. Thompson, Director, MASS MoCA "Pricing consultant Mohammed highlights ideas and tactics that build a foundation to create a pricing strategy for every global company, answering the question, 'How would a 1% increase in price affect operating profits?' This is an excellent book." -- Booklist "The book offers practical guidelines that any sized company can follow to create a comprehensive pricing plan and increase profits without sacrificing customer loyalty. It's a tricky equation, but Mohammed offers a strategic solution." -- Consulting Magazine

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