Instruments and instrumentation Books

Book SynopsisProvides a comprehensive overview of the basic concepts behind the application and designs of medical instrumentation This premiere reference on medical instrumentation describes the principles, applications, and design of the medical instrumentation most commonly used in hospitals. It places great emphasis on design principles so that scientists with limited background in electronics can gain enough information to design instruments that may not be commercially available. The revised edition includes new material on microcontroller-based medical instrumentation with relevant code, device design with circuit simulations and implementations, dry electrodes for electrocardiography, sleep apnea monitor, Infusion pump system, medical imaging techniques and electrical safety. Each chapter includes new problems and updated reference material that covers the latest medical technologies. Medical Instrumentation: Application and Design, Fifth Edition covers generaTable of ContentsAcknowledgments xiii Preface xv List of Symbols xviii 1 Basic Concepts of Medical Instrumentation 1Walter H. Olson and John G. Webster 1.1 Terminology of Medicine and Medical Devices 2 1.2 Generalized Medical Instrumentation System 3 1.3 Alternative Operational Modes 5 1.4 Medical Measurement Constraints 7 1.5 Classifications of Biomedical Instruments 10 1.6 Interfering and Modifying Inputs 10 1.7 Compensation Techniques 12 1.8 Biostatistics 14 1.9 Generalized Static Characteristics 18 1.10 Generalized Dynamic Characteristics 26 1.11 Amplifiers and Signal Processing 40 1.12 Inverting Amplifiers 42 1.13 Noninverting Amplifiers 45 1.14 Differential Amplifiers 47 1.15 Comparators 53 1.16 Rectifiers 55 1.17 Logarithmic Amplifiers 60 1.18 Integrators 61 1.19 Differentiators 62 1.20 Active Filters 64 1.21 Frequency Response 68 1.22 Offset Voltage 71 1.23 Bias Current 73 1.24 Input and Output Resistance 75 1.25 Design Criteria 77 1.26 Commercial Medical Instrumentation Development Process 77 1.27 Regulation of Medical Devices 80 Problems 85 References 89 2 Basic Sensors and Principles 91Robert A. Peura and John G. Webster 2.1 Displacement Measurements 91 2.2 Resistive Sensors 92 2.3 Bridge Circuits 102 2.4 Inductive Sensors 104 2.5 Phase-Sensitive Demodulators 107 2.6 Capacitive Sensors 110 2.7 Piezoelectric Sensors 113 2.8 Accelerometer 119 2.9 Temperature Measurements 119 2.10 Thermocouples 120 2.11 Thermistors 123 2.12 Radiation Thermometry 128 2.13 Fiber-Optic Temperature Sensors 133 2.14 Optical Measurements 133 2.15 Radiation Sources 135 2.16 Geometrical and Fiber Optics 140 2.17 Optical Filters 143 2.18 Radiation Sensors 144 2.19 Optical Combinations 148 Problems 148 References 150 3 Microcontrollers in Medical Instrumentation 153Amit J. Nimunkar 3.1 Basics of Microcontroller 153 3.2 Embedded Medical System 154 3.3 ECG-Based Embedded Medical System Example 156 3.4 Selection of a Microcontroller 161 3.5 IoT-Based Medical Devices 188 Problems 191 References 193 4 The Origin of Biopotentials 196John W. Clark, Jr. 4.1 Electrical Activity of Excitable Cells 197 4.2 Volume Conductor Fields 206 4.3 Functional Organization of the Peripheral Nervous System 209 4.4 The Electroneurogram 211 4.5 The Electromyogram 216 4.6 The Electrocardiogram 219 4.7 The Electroretinogram 232 4.8 The Electroencephalogram 238 4.9 The Magnetoencephalogram 259 Problems 260 References 264 5 Biopotential Electrodes 267Michael R. Neuman 5.1 The Electrode–Electrolyte Interface 268 5.2 Polarization 271 5.3 Polarizable and Nonpolarizable Electrodes 275 5.4 Electrode Behavior and Circuit Models 282 5.5 The Electrode–Skin Interface and Motion Artifact 285 5.6 Body-Surface Recording Electrodes 289 5.7 Internal Electrodes 302 5.8 Electrode Arrays 309 5.9 Microelectrodes 311 5.10 Electrodes for Electric Stimulation of Tissue 320 5.11 Practical Hints in Using Electrodes 323 Problems 325 References 329 6 Biopotential Amplifiers 333Michael R. Neuman 6.1 Basic Requirements 333 6.2 The Electrocardiograph 335 6.3 Problems Frequently Encountered 348 6.4 Transient Protection 358 6.5 Common-Mode and Other Interference-Reduction Circuits 361 6.6 Amplifiers for Other Biopotential Signals 365 6.7 Example of a Biopotential Preamplifier 370 6.8 Other Biopotential Signal Processors 372 6.9 Cardiac Monitors 381 6.10 Biotelemetry 389 Problems 391 References 394 7 Blood Pressure and Sound 396Robert A. Peura 7.1 Direct Measurements 399 7.2 Harmonic Analysis of Blood Pressure Waveforms 403 7.3 Dynamic Properties of Pressure-Measurement Systems 405 7.4 Measurement of System Response 414 7.5 Effects of System Parameters on Response 418 7.6 Bandwidth Requirements for Measuring Blood Pressure 419 7.7 Typical Pressure-Waveform Distortion 420 7.8 Systems for Measuring Venous Pressure 422 7.9 Heart Sounds 422 7.10 Phonocardiography 428 7.11 Cardiac Catheterization 428 7.12 Effects of Potential and Kinetic Energy on Pressure Measurements 433 7.13 Indirect Measurements of Blood Pressure 435 7.14 Tonometry 442 Problems 448 References 450 8 Measurement of Flow and Volume of Blood 452John G. Webster 8.1 Indicator-Dilution Method that Uses Continuous Infusion 453 8.2 Indicator-Dilution Method that Uses Rapid Injection 455 8.3 Electromagnetic Flowmeters 459 8.4 Ultrasonic Flowmeters 467 8.5 Thermal-Convection Velocity Sensors 481 8.6 Chamber Plethysmography 484 8.7 Electrical-Impedance Plethysmography 486 8.8 Photoplethysmography 493 Problems 495 References 497 9 Measurements of the Respiratory System 499Frank P. Primiano, Jr. 9.1 Modeling the Respiratory System 501 9.2 Measurement of Pressure 508 9.3 Measurement of Gas Flow 511 9.4 Lung Volume 520 9.5 Respiratory Plethysmography 528 9.6 Some Tests of Respiratory Mechanics 535 9.7 Measurement of Gas Concentration 548 9.8 Some Tests of Gas Transport 560 Problems 568 References 571 10 Chemical Biosensors 574Robert A. Peura 10.1 Blood-Gas and Acid–Base Physiology 576 10.2 Electrochemical Sensors 580 10.3 Chemical Fibrosensors 589 10.4 Ion-Sensitive Field-Effect Transistor (ISFET) 606 10.5 Immunologically Sensitive Field-Effect Transistor (IMFET) 609 10.6 Noninvasive Blood-Gas Monitoring 610 10.7 Blood-Glucose Sensors 620 10.8 Electronic Noses 630 10.9 Lab-on-a-chip 631 10.10 Summary 632 Problems 633 References 633 11 Clinical Laboratory Instrumentation 637Lawrence A. Wheeler 11.1 Spectrophotometry 638 11.2 Automated Chemical Analyzers 649 11.3 Chromatology 653 11.4 Electrophoresis 656 11.5 Hematology 659 Problems 671 References 671 12 Medical Imaging Systems 673Melvin P. Siedband 12.1 Information Content of an Image 674 12.2 Modulation Transfer Function 678 12.3 Noise-Equivalent Bandwidth 680 12.4 Image Processing 681 12.5 Radiography 682 12.6 Computed Radiography 690 12.7 Computed Tomography 697 12.8 Magnetic Resonance Imaging 707 12.9 Nuclear Medicine 714 12.10 Single-Photon Emission Computed Tomography 722 12.11 Positron Emission Tomography 723 12.12 Ultrasonography 728 12.13 Contrast Agents 740 Problems 742 References 744 13 Therapeutic and Prosthetic Devices 746Michael R. Neuman 13.1 Cardiac Pacemakers and Other Electric Stimulators 746 13.2 Defibrillators and Cardioverters 764 13.3 Mechanical Cardiovascular Orthotic and Prosthetic Devices 771 13.4 Hemodialysis 775 13.5 Lithotripsy 778 13.6 Ventilators 780 13.7 Infant Incubators 784 13.8 Drug Delivery Devices 786 13.9 Surgical Instruments 793 13.10 Therapeutic Applications of the Laser 797 Problems 798 References 800 14 Electrical Safety 803Walter H. Olson 14.1 Physiological Effects of Electricity 804 14.2 Important Susceptibility Parameters 807 14.3 Distribution of Electric Power 813 14.4 Macroshock Hazards 818 14.5 Microshock Hazards 822 14.6 Electrical-Safety Codes and Standards 827 14.7 Basic Approaches to Protection Against Shock 829 14.8 Protection: Power Distribution 830 14.9 Protection: Equipment Design 833 14.10 Electrical-Safety Analyzers 838 14.11 Testing the Electric System 838 14.12 Tests of Electric Appliances 840 14.13 Conclusion 843 Problems 844 References 846 Appendix 848 A.1 Physical Constants 848 A.2 International System of Units (SI) Prefixes 848 A.3 International System of Units 849 A.4 Abbreviations 850 A.5 Chemical Elements 853 Index 855

Read more less

Book SynopsisThis 3rd edition is updated in line with the 18th edition of the wiring regulations. This book is an essential guide to the City & Guilds 2391-50 and 51, and also C&G 2391-52. There is a full coverage of technical and legal terminology used in theory exams, including the structure of exam questions and their interpretation.Table of ContentsIntroduction. Statutory and non-statutory regulations. Certification and reports. Electrical safety. Installation Testing. Initial verification. Periodic inspection. Initial verification and periodic inspection. Further questions. Calculations related to circuit parameters. 2391-50, 51 & 52 syllabi. Index.

Read more less

Book SynopsisDynamic Positioning for Engineers enables the reader to acquire the basic knowledge of the concepts and understanding of the dynamic positioning (DP) system from the systems perspective. This book illustrates the system, subsystems and components of the DP system to better tackle maintenance, problems and breakdowns, leading to an increased mean time between failures and effective fault finding on dynamic positioning DP-related equipment. Overall, this text will help professionals reduce downtime and higher repair costs. Aimed at onboard electrical engineers, engine room watch officers, chief engineers, DP professionals onboard, in onshore officers and those taking DP training courses, this book: Explains automation and its application in the DP system Describes environmental sensors and position reference sensors as important inputs to the DP system Includes chapters on power management and thrusters Aids engineers in maintaining a the DP system in good operational condition Table of Contents1. Introduction to Offshore. 2. Historical background to development of Dynamic Positioning. 3. The Seven Components of DP System. 4. Six Degrees of Freedom – Basics of Dynamic Positioning. 5. Different Types of DP Vessels and their applications. 6. DP Class / Equipment class (IMO-MSC 645/1580). 7. Basics of Electrical Propulsion and Thruster Types. 8. Thruster Controls and Automation of thrusters in DP. 9. Power Management System. 10. Harmonics in Power Syatem. 11. Introduction to Environmental Sensors. 12. Introduction to Position Reference Sensors. 13. Handling of Position Reference Sensors & Various Tests on PRS. 14. Architecture of DP System. 15. Basics of Networking in DP Systems. 16. Types of Signals used in DP Automation. 17. Consequence Analysis, Capability Plot, Foot prints and Motion Prediction. 18. DP Trials & Documentation. 19. Circuit Tracing & Fault Finding on DP. 20. Roles and Responsibilities. 21. Glossary. 22. References.

Read more less

Book SynopsisEngineering Science is a comprehensive textbook suitable for all vocational and pre-degree courses in engineering, being fully in line with the latest vocational courses at Level 2 and leading into Level 3. Taking a subject-led approach, engineering students will find the essential scientific principles necessary for their studies, developed topic by topic. Unlike most textbooks available for this field, it goes beyond the core science to include applications in the real world and the mechanical and electrical principles required for the majority of courses. It is supported by numerous worked examples and problems, with a complete set of answers. This new edition gives a detailed consideration of the basic arithmetic, algebraic and graphical methods needed in engineering courses so that it conforms completely with sections A and B of the BTEC Level 2 unit, and it provides the basic tools for the science that follows. A new chapter introduces the basic principles of cTable of Contents1. Basics 2. Statics 3. Stress and strain 4. Linear motion 5. Angular motion 6. Dynamics 7. Energy 8. Heat 9. D.C. circuits 10. Magnetism 11. Circuit analysis 12. Semiconductors 13. Capacitance 14. Magnetic flux 15. Alternating current 16. Series A.C. circuits 17. D.C. circuit analysis 18. D.C. machines 19. Transients 20. Structures 21. Beams 22. Components 23. Circular motion 24. Mechanical power transmission 25. Structural members 26. Frictional resistance 27. Angular dynamics 28. Oscillations 29. Fluid mechanics 30. Introducing calculus

Read more less

Book SynopsisSmall satellites use commercial off-the-shelf sensors and actuators for attitude determination and control (ADC) to reduce the cost. These sensors and actuators are usually not as robust as the available, more expensive, space-proven equipment. As a result, the ADC system of small satellites is more vulnerable to any fault compared to a system for larger competitors. This book aims to present useful solutions for fault tolerance in ADC systems of small satellites. The contents of the book can be divided into two categories: fault tolerant attitude filtering algorithms for small satellites and sensor calibration methods to compensate the sensor errors. MATLAB will be used to demonstrate simulations. Presents fault tolerant attitude estimation algorithms for small satellites with an emphasis on algorithms' practicability and applicability Incorporates fundamental knowledge about the attitude determination methods at large Discusses comTable of Contents1. Attitude Parameters. 2. Mathematical Models For Small Satellite Attitude Dynamics and Kinematics. 3. Attitude Sensors. 4. Attitude Sensor Measurement Models. 5. Attitude Determination Using Two Vector Measurements – TRIAD Method. 6. Statistical Methods For Three-Axis Attitude Determination. 7. Kalman Filtering. 8. Adaptive Kalman Filtering. 9. Kalman Filtering for Small Satellite Attitude Estimation. 10. Integration of Single-Frame Methods With Filtering Algorithms For Attitude Estimation. 11. Active Fault Tolerant Attitude Estimation. 12. Fault Tolerant Attitude Estimation: R-Adaptation Methods. 13. Fault Tolerant Attitude Estimation: Q-Adaptation Methods. 14. Integration of R- and Q-Adaptation Methods. 15. In-Orbit Calibration Of Small Satellite Magnetometers: Batch Calibration Algorithms. 16. In-Orbit Calibration Of Small Satellite Magnetometers: Recursive Calibration Algorithms. Index

Read more less

Book SynopsisLidar (Light Detection and Ranging) operates on similar principles to RADAR but in lieu of radio waves, lidar uses a laser to scan through the atmosphere. In elastic lidar, light scattered back towards the lidar instrument from molecules and particles in the atmosphere is collected by a telescope and measured with a photodetector.Trade Review"A comprehensive overview of lidar technology, this handbook is intended for researchers, graduate students and lidar users." (Sea Technology, November 2004) "This book should be of significant value to researchers applying remote sensing to atmospheric problems, and of course will be of great interest to lidar specialists." (E-STREAMS, November 2004)Table of ContentsPreface. Definitions. 1. Atmospheric Properties. 1.1 Atmospheric Structure. 1.2 Atmospheric Properties. 2. Light Propagation in the Atmosphere. 2.1 Light Extinction and Transmittance. 2.2 Total and Directional Elastic Scattering of the Light Bean. 2.3 Light Scattering by Molecules and Particulates: Inelastic Scattering. 2.4 Light Absorption by Molecules and Particulates. 3. Fundamentals of the Lidar Technique. 3.1 Introduction to the Lidar Technique. 3.2 Lidar Equation and Its Constituents. 3.3 Elastic Lidar Hardware. 3.4 Practical Lidar Issues. 3.5 Eye Safety Issues and Hardware. 4. Detectors, Digitizers, Electronics. 4.1 Detectors. 4.2 Electric Circuits for Optical Detectors. 4.3 A-D Converters/Digitizers. 4.4 General. 5. Analytical Solutions of the Lidar Equation. 5.1 Simple Lidar-Equation Solution for a Homogene ous. 5.2 Basic Transformation of the Elastic Lidar Equation. 5.3 Lidar Equation Solution for a Single-Component Heterogeneous Atmosphere. 5.4 Lidar Equation Solution for a Two-Component Atmosphere. 5.5 Which Solution is Best? 6. Uncertainty Estimation for Lidar Measurements. 6.1 Uncertainty for the Slope Method. 6.2 Lidar Measurement Uncertainty in a Two-Component Atmosphere. 6.3 Background Constituent in the Original Lidar Signal and Lidar Signal Averaging. 7. Backscatter-to-Extinction Ratio. 7.1 Exploration of the Backscatter-to-Extinction Ratio on the Inversion Result. 7.2 Influence of Uncertainty in the Backscatter-to-Extinction Ratio. 8. Lidar Examination of Clear and Moderately Turbid Atmospheres. 8.1 One-Directional Lidar Measurements: Methods and Problems. 8.2 Inversion Techniques for a “Spotted” Atmosphere. 9. Multiangle Methods for Extinction Coefficient Determination. 9.1 Angle-Dependent Lidar Equation and Its Basic Solution. 9.2 Solution for the Layer-Integrated Form of the Angle-Dependent Lidar Equation. 9.3 Solution for the Two-Angle layer-Integrated Form of the Lidar Equation. 9.4 Two-Angle Solution for the Angle-Independent Lidar Equation. 9.5 High-Altitude Tropospheric Measurements with Lidar. 9.6 Which Method Us the Best? 10. Differential Absorption Lidar Technique (DIAL). 10.1 DIAL Processing Technique: Fundamentals. 10.2 DIAL Processing Technique: Problems. 10.3 Other Techniques for DIAL Data Processing. 11. Hardware Solutions to the Inversion Problem. 11.1 Use of N2 Raman Scattering for Extinction Measurement. 11.2 Resolution of Particulate and Molecular Scattering by Filtration. 11.3 Multiple-Wavelength Lidars. 12. Atmospheric Parameters from Elastic Lidar Data. 12.1 Visual Range in Horizontal Directions. 12.2 Visual Range in Slant Directions. 12.3 Temperature measurements. 12.4 Boundary Layer Height Determination. 12.5 Cloud Boundary Determination. 13. Wind Measurement Methods from Elastic Lidar Data. 13.1 Correlation Methods to Determine Wind Speed and Direction. 13.2 Edge Technique. 13.3 Fringe Imaging Technique. 13.4 Kinetic Energy, Dissipation Rate, and Divergence. Bibliography. Index.

Read more less

Book SynopsisA book which deals with the practical aspects of both analogue and digital electronic measuring systems. The author discusses these systems with the designer in mind, giving information which will help readers to use electronic measuring tools in the most effective way.Table of ContentsIntroduction about Measuring Systems. Transducer Interfacing. Practical Aspects of Noise Reduction in Electronic MeasuringSystems. Amplifiers. Analog Signal Processing for Measurement Signals. Comparators Analog Switches. Digital-analog Converters, Analog-digital Converters. Sample and Hold Circuits, Multiplexers. Data Acquisition and Processing.

Read more less

Book SynopsisAn introduction to the principles of industrial control and instrumentation. It is concerned with the basic principles of measurement, control systems and the hardware used, and covers the Business and Technician Education unit Industrial Control and Instrumentation U86/345.Table of Contents1. Measurement systems. 2. Control systems. 3. Transducers. 4. Signal conditioning and processing. 5. Controllers. 6. Correction units. 7. Data display. 8. Measurement systems. 9. Control systems.

Read more less

Book SynopsisSince its development in the late 1970s, the Moiré Fringe method has become a standard technique for the measurement of the behavior of materials and structures. Edited by one of the co-inventors of the technique, the Handbook of Moiré Measurement brings together a series of extended case studies from recognized experts in the field. The emphasis is on the application of the method to real situations, and presents a very readable account of the technique from the point of view of the user. As an introduction to the Moiré technique and its variants, this book will be of interest to readers at all levels, but is particularly suitable for undergraduates and graduate students in physics, materials science, and structural and mechanical engineering.Table of Contents1 Introduction, 1.1 A brief history of the moiré method, References, CHAPTER 2: STRAIN MEASUREMENTS AT THE LIMIT—THE MOIRÉ MICROSCOPE, 2.1 Nonlinear analysis of interferometric moiré fringes, 2.1.1 Example fringe data reduction, References, 2.2 Microscopic moiré interferometry, 2.2.1 Immersion interferometer, 2.2.1.1 Optical configuration, 2.2.1.2 Four-beam immersion interferometer, 2.2.2 Mechanical configuration, 2.2.3 Fringe shifting and O/DFM method, References, 2.3 Localized thermal strains in electronic interconnections by microscopic moiré interferometry, 2.3.1 Specimen preparation, 2.3.2 Thin small outline package, 2.3.3 Leadless chip carrier, 2.3.4 Effect of underfill encapsulation on flip chip solder bump, 2.3.5 Plated through hole, References, 2.4 Titanium in elastic tension: micromechanical deformation, 2.4.1 Introduction, 2.4.2 Specimen and loading fixture, 2.4.3 Experimental procedure and fringe patterns, 2.4.4 Anomalous strains along the grain boundaries, 2.4.5 Discussion, References, 2.5 Micromechanical thermal deformation of unidirectional boron/aluminum composite, 2.5.1 Experimental procedure and fringe patterns, 2.5.2 Analysis and results, 2.5.3 Discussion, References, CHAPTER 3: FRACTURE MECHANICS, 3.1.1 Assessment of the shape of crack-tip plastic zones as a function of applied load, 3.1.1.1 Introduction, 3.1.1.2 Experimental details, 3.1.1.3 Measurement of Von Mises yield locus, 3.1.1.4 Discussion of results, 3.1.1.5 Conclusions, References, 3.1.2 Deformation around fatigue cracks from moiré fringe measurement, 3.1.2.1 Introduction, 3.1.2.2 Basic crack-tip models, 3.1.2.2.1 Stationary crack under monotonie loading, 3.1.2.2.2 Stationary crack under cyclic loading, 3.1.2.3 Experimental details, 3.1.2.4 Fatigue crack-tip deformation, 3.1.2.4.1 Local yielding, 3.1.2.4.2 Non-singular stresses, 3.1.2.4.3 Cyclic plasticity, 3.1.2.4.4 Local mode-mixity, 3.1.2.5 Summary, Acknowledgment, References, 3.2.1 Applications of moiré to cellulosic (paper and woo

Read more less

Book SynopsisSignificant changes have occurred in materials science, including increasing demands on life extensions, and the reliability and exploitability of components, materials, and structures. These changes provide smart technologies with excellent application opportunities in aerospace, civil and electrical engineering, transportation, manufacturing, communications, defense, and medicine. Smart Materials and Structures presents an overview of current developments in the characterization and applications of materials and actuators, issues surrounding their control, and the integration of smart systems and technologies. This compendium provides a valuable synopsis of this rapidly expanding and topical research field for engineers, program managers, technologists, physicists, materials scientists, and mathematicians working to advance smart materials, research methods, their applications, and robotic technologies.Table of ContentsPlenary Lectures (J F V Vincent: Smart by name, smart by nature; R Lammering et al: Design, optimazation and realization of smart structures.) Adaptive structures and active control (9 papers). Active control: Actuators (9 papers). Active control: Applications (5 papers). ER fluids (3 papers). ER properties (3 papers). ER models and applications (3 papers). MR/ER Fluids (4 papers). Shape memory alloys (6 papers). Actuators: Shape memory alloys (3 papers). Damage detection (3 papers). Health monitoring (9 papers). Sensor location/systems (6 papers). Novel materials (9 papers). Numerical modelling and related topics (6 papers). Modelling smart structures (3 papers). Piezo devices (4 papers). PZT: Poling/deposition (3 papers). Demonstrator workshop (15 papers). Author index.

Read more less

Book SynopsisThis book reviews the applications of various spectroscopic techniques and, in particular, electron spin resonance spectroscopy in evaluating the structure and composition of materials and their associated dating layers for archaeological and cultural heritage research. With contributions from an international pool of researchers and case studies to demonstrate the applications of the techniques under discussion.

Read more less

Book Synopsis

Read more less

Book SynopsisShakespeare's poems and plays are rich in reference to "measure, number, and weight," which were the key terms of an early modern empirical and quantitative imagination. Shakespeare's investigation of Renaissance measures of reality centers on the...Trade ReviewShakespeare and the Mismeasure of Renaissance Man succeeds in combining wide-ranging interdisciplinary comment with minute scrutiny of language and verse. It is a satisfying read and one that will yield a wealth of interesting observations to scholars of Shakespeare and of early modern culture. * Times Literary Supplement *

Read more less

Book SynopsisAddresses phenomenological characteristics of radar clutter and propagation in the millimeter-wave region, particularly important in the design, test and permutation of millimeter-wave sensors, giving in-depth information on electromagnetic propagation and clutter backscatter effects.Table of ContentsBackscatter and attenuation theory; clutter characteristics; detection of targets immersed in clutter.

Read more less

Book SynopsisThe subject of the first volume is the issues related to the components and systems of transport machines. Motor vehicle systems tests are described: suspension dampers, steering, brakes and differentials. Design issues of machine elements operating in extreme conditions are also addressed. The possibility of increasing wear resistance in high-speed and ethanol-powered engines is analyzed. An extensive part covers the dynamics of hydraulic, electro-hydraulic and mechanical-hydraulic systems and the issues of diagnostics and automatic control in such systems. Aspects of the regional system of motor transport, public transport and transport and logistics of agricultural machinery are also addressed. The volume also examines selected technical and economic issues of gas transport. Topics on modelling of production processes with the transport of products are a complement.

Read more less

Book SynopsisBecause of their novel chemical and physical properties, functional nanomaterials have found increasing industrial applications in nanoelectronics, energy science, and biological applications. Functional Nanomaterials for Sensors surveys advances in functional nanomaterials and their use in sensing. It covers their properties, synthesis, design, fabrication, and their applications, including in chemical, biological, and gas sensing, environmental remediation, fuel cells, catalysis, electronic devices, and biotechnology. â Describes how nanomaterial functionalization is being used to create more effective sensors. â Discusses various synthesis procedures, characterization techniques, and which nanomaterials should be used for sensing applications. â Provides an in-depth look into oxide nanostructures, carbon nanostructures, and 2D material fabrication. â Explores the challenges of using nanoscale sensors for large-scale industrial applications. This book is aimed at materials, chemical, biotech, and electronics researchers and industry professionals working on sensor design and development.

Read more less

Book SynopsisSoftware Engineering for Automotive Systems: Principles and Applications discusses developments in the field of software engineering for automotive systems.This reference text presents detailed discussion of key concepts including timing analysis and reliability, validation and verification of automotive systems, AUTOSAR architecture for electric vehicles, automotive grade Linux for connected cars, open-source architecture in the automotive software industry, and communication protocols in the automotive software development process.Aimed at senior undergraduate and graduate students in the fields of electrical engineering, electronics and communication engineering, and automobile engineering, this text: Provides the fundamentals of automotive software architectures. Discusses validation and verification of automotive systems. Covers communication protocols in the automotive software development

Read more less

Book Synopsis

Read more less

Book SynopsisMost of the real-life signals are non-stationary in nature. The examples of such signals include biomedical signals, communication signals, speech, earthquake signals, vibration signals, etc. Time-frequency analysis plays an important role for extracting the meaningful information from these signals. The book presents time-frequency analysis methods together with their various applications. The basic concepts of signals and different ways of representing signals have been provided. The various time-frequency analysis techniques namely, short-time Fourier transform, wavelet transform, quadratic time-frequency transforms, advanced wavelet transforms, and adaptive time-frequency transforms have been explained. The fundamentals related to these methods are included. The various examples have been included in the book to explain the presented concepts effectively. The recently developed time-frequency analysis techniques such as, Fourier-Bessel series expansion-based methods, synchrosqueezed wavelet transform, tunable-Q wavelet transform, iterative eigenvalue decomposition of Hankel matrix, variational mode decomposition, Fourier decomposition method, etc. have been explained in the book. The numerous applications of time-frequency analysis techniques in various research areas have been demonstrated. This book covers basic concepts of signals, time-frequency analysis, and various conventional and advanced time-frequency analysis methods along with their applications. The set of problems included in the book will be helpful to gain an expertise in time-frequency analysis. The material presented in this book will be useful for students, academicians, and researchers to understand the fundamentals and applications related to time-frequency analysis.

Read more less

Book SynopsisThis book elaborates fuzzy machine and deep learning models for single class mapping from multi-sensor, multi-temporal remote sensing images while handling mixed pixels and noise. It also covers the ways of pre-processing and spectral dimensionality reduction of temporal data. Further, it discusses the âindividual sample as meanâ training approach to handle heterogeneity within a class. The appendix section of the book includes case studies such as mapping crop type, forest species, and stubble burnt paddy fields.Key features: Focuses on use of multi-sensor, multi-temporal data while handling spectral overlap between classes Discusses range of fuzzy/deep learning models capable to extract specific single class and separates noise Describes pre-processing while using spectral, textural, CBSI indices, and back scatter coefficient/Radar Vegetation Index (RVI) Discusses the role of training data to handle the heterogeneity within a class Supports multi-sensor and multi-temporal data processing through in-house SMIC software Includes case studies and practical applications for single class mapping This book is intended for graduate/postgraduate students, research scholars, and professionals working in environmental, geography, computer sciences, remote sensing, geoinformatics, forestry, agriculture, post-disaster, urban transition studies, and other related areas.

Read more less

Book SynopsisPhotonic Instrumentation: Sensing and Measuring with Lasers is designed as a source for university-level courses covering the essentials of laser-based instrumentation, and as a useful reference for working engineers. Photonic instruments have very desirable features like non-contact operation and unparalleled sensitivity. They have quickly become a big industrial success, passing unaffected through the bubble years and, not any less important, well-established methods in measurement science. This book offers coverage of the most proven instruments, with a balanced treatment of the optical and electronic aspects involved. It also attempts to present the basic principles, develop the guidelines of design and evaluate the ultimate limits of performances set by noise.The instruments surveyed include: alignment instruments, such as wire diameter and particle size analyzers, telemeters, laser interferometers and self-mixing interferometers, Table of ContentsChapter 1. Introduction. Chapter 2. Alignment, Pointing, and Sizing Instruments. Chapter 3. Laser Telemeters. Chapter 4. Laser Interferometry. Chapter 5. Self-Mixing Interferometry. Chapter 6. Speckle-Pattern and Applications. Chapter 7. Velocimeters. Chapter 8. Gyroscopes. Chapter 9. Optical Fiber Sensors. Chapter 10. Quantum Sensing. Appendix A0. Nomenclature. Appendix A1. Lasers for Instrumentation. Appendix A2. Optical Interferometers. Appendix A3. Propagation through the Atmosphere. Appendix A4. Propagation and Diffraction. Appendix A5. Source of Information on Photonic Instrumentation. Index.

Read more less

Book SynopsisChoice Recommended Title, July 2020Bringing together material scattered across many disciplines, Semiconductor Radiation Detectors provides readers with a consolidated source of information on the properties of a wide range of semiconductors; their growth, characterization and the fabrication of radiation sensors with emphasis on the X- and gamma-ray regimes. It explores the promise and limitations of both the traditional and new generation of semiconductors and discusses where the future in semiconductor development and radiation detection may lie. The purpose of this book is two-fold; firstly to serve as a text book for those new to the field of semiconductors and radiation detection and measurement, and secondly as a reference book for established researchers working in related disciplines within physics and engineering. Features: The only comprehensive book covering this topic FTrade Review"In this work, Owens (Institute of Experimental and Applied Physics, Czech Republic) offers an up-to-date, encyclopedic assessment of modern radiation detection. Following a succinct historical retelling of the discovery of radiation and radiation detectors in chapter 1, chapters 2 and 3 present an exhaustive review of solid state physics at the upper-division undergraduate level, similar to material encountered in a one-semester course using C. Kittel’s Introduction to Solid State Physics (8th ed., 2005). However, Owens prefers to use the relevant quantum mechanical results (e.g., Bloch functions) rather than their derivations. The core of this volume discusses in detail the materials, fabrication, and characterization of semiconductor devices, including growth techniques and contact characteristics (electrode deposition), going far beyond the typical silicon and gallium arsenide examples. The final chapter explores the future of detector materials including nanoscintillators and biological detectors, as well as radiation detection using spintronics. The addition of extensive references after each chapter and a useful set of appendixes (including calibration sources and a handy table of radionuclides) assures that this volume is well suited for senior engineering and physics students and researchers alike. Summing Up: Recommended. Upper-division undergraduates through faculty and professionals. —J. F. Burkhart, emeritus, University of Colorado at Colorado Springs" Table of Contents1. Introduction to Radiation and Its Detection: An Historical Perspective 2. Semiconductors 3. Crystal Structure 4. Growth Techniques 5. Contacting Systems 6. Detector Fabrication 7. Detector Characterization 8. Radiation Detection and Measurement 9. Materials Used for General Radiation Detection 10. Current Materials Used for Neutron Detection 11. Performance Limiting Factors 12. Improving Performance 13. Future Directions in Radiation Detection Appendix A: Supplementary Reference Material and Further Reading List Appendix B: Table of Physical Constants Appendix C: Units and Conversions Appendix D: Periodic Table of the Elements Appendix E: Properties of the Elements Appendix F: General Properties of Semiconducting Materials Appendix G: Radiation Environments Appendix H: Table of Radioactive Calibration Sources

Read more less

Book SynopsisThe Second Edition of the bestselling Measurement, Instrumentation, and Sensors Handbook brings together all aspects of the design and implementation of measurement, instrumentation, and sensors. Reflecting the current state of the art, it describes the use of instruments and techniques for performing practical measurements in engineering, physics, chemistry, and the life sciences and discusses processing systems, automatic data acquisition, reduction and analysis, operation characteristics, accuracy, errors, calibrations, and the incorporation of standards for control purposes. Organized according to measurement problem, the Spatial, Mechanical, Thermal, and Radiation Measurement volume of the Second Edition: Contains contributions from field experts, new chapters, and updates to all 96 existing chapters Covers instrumentation and measurement concepts, spatial and mechanical variables, displacement, acoustics, flow and spot velocity, radiation, wireless sensors and instrumentation, and control and human factors A concise and useful reference for engineers, scientists, academic faculty, students, designers, managers, and industry professionals involved in instrumentation and measurement research and development, Measurement, Instrumentation, and Sensors Handbook, Second Edition: Spatial, Mechanical, Thermal, and Radiation Measurement provides readers with a greater understanding of advanced applications.Trade Review"Engineers, involved with instrumentation and measurement, will find this book an outstanding 'go to' resource, with very broad coverage and detailed descriptions of modern measurement methods and techniques."—IEEE Electrical Insulation Magazine, January/February 2015Table of ContentsInstrumentation and Measurement Concepts. Spatial Variables. Displacement. Mechanical Variables. Acoustics. Flow and Spot Velocity. Thermal and Temperature Measurement. Radiation. Wireless Instrumentation. Control and Human Factors. Appendix: Units and Conversions.

Read more less

Book SynopsisThis book deals with nonlinear dynamics of electronic circuits, which could be used in robot control, secure communications, sensors and synchronized networks. The genesis of the content is related to a course on complex adaptive systems that has been held at the University of Catania since 2005. The efforts are devoted in order to emulate with nonlinear electronic circuits nonlinear dynamics. Step-by-step methods show the essential concepts of complex systems by using the Varela diagrams and accompanying MATLAB exercises to reinforce new information. Special attention has been devoted to chaotic systems and networks of chaotic circuits by exploring the fundamentals, such as synchronization and control. The aim of the book is to give to readers a comprehensive view of the main concepts of nonlinear dynamics to help them better understand complex systems and their control through the use of electronics devices.Trade Review"This textbook offers a very comprehensive, very clear and unique course on nonlinear dynamics, synchronization and chaos control by using electronic circuits. The exercises, the numerical examples with MATLAB and laboratory experiments make it an extremely useful tool for under-graduated students or beginners in this domain."— Françoise Lamnabhi-Lagarrigue, CNRS, FranceTable of ContentsPreface. Introduction to nonlinear systems. The logistic map and elements of complex system dynamics. Bifurcations. Oscillators. Strange attractors and continuous-time chaotic systems. Cellular Nonlinear Networks. Synchronization and chaos control. Experiments and applications. Bibliography. Index.

Read more less

Book SynopsisBecause of unique water properties, humidity affects many living organisms, including humans and materials. Humidity control is important in various fields, from production management to creating a comfortable living environment. The second volume of The Handbook of Humidity Measurement is entirely devoted to the consideration of different types of solid-state devices developed for humidity measurement. This volume discusses the advantages and disadvantages about the capacitive, resistive, gravimetric, hygrometric, field ionization, microwave, Schottky barrier, Kelvin probe, field-effect transistor, solid-state electrochemical, and thermal conductivity-based humidity sensors. Additional features include: Provides a comprehensive analysis of the properties of humidity-sensitive materials, used for the development of such devices. Describes numerous strategies for the fabrication and characterization of humidity sensitive materials Table of ContentsIntroduction in Humidity Sensors. Introduction in electronic and electrical humidity sensors. Conventional Methods and Brief History of Humidity Measurements. Gravimetric method of humidity measurement. Mechanical (hair) hygrometer. Psychrometer. Chilled mirror hygrometer or mirror-based dew-point sensors. Heated salt-solution method for humidity measurement. Electrolytic or coulometric hygrometers. Humidity measurement based on Karl Fischer titration. Other conventional methods of humidity measurement. Electronic and Electrical Humidity Sensors and Basic Principles of their Operation. Сapacitance-based humidity sensors. Resistive humidity sensors. Gravimetric humidity sensors. Cantilever- and membrane-based humidity sensors. Thermal conductivity-based hygrometers. Field ionization humidity sensors. Humidity sensors based on thin film and field-effect transistors. Hetero-junction-based humidity sensors. Kelvin probe as a humidity sensor. Solid state electrochemical humidity sensors. New Trends and Outlook. Microwave-based humidity sensors. Integrated humidity sensors. Humidity sensors on flexible substrate. Non-traditional approaches to humidity measurement. Summary and outlook.

Read more less

Book SynopsisThis book describes in detail disaster management principles with applications through software and early warning systems. The aim is to introduce the concept of advanced technology for disaster management. Hence, it starts with a basic introduction and the types of disasters this technology will address. It then examines these functions by taking into account various factors vulnerable to disaster losses. Finally, the results are discussed with the aid of software: OPNET and SAHANA Disaster Management Tool. The application of sensor systems to manage a disaster is also extensively discussed.Features Introduces the concept of disaster management from the perspective of application of advanced technologies for disaster management Provides an overview of applied electronics for disaster applications Examines the role of efficient and robust Information and Communication Technology (ICT) systems for reduction ofTrade Review"This book is for those interested in the technical aspects of the various systems under discussion—those just starting to gain knowledge in this area of emergency planning and management, those interested in learning about the technology, and the experienced technical emergency planner wishing to enhance his or her knowledge. This book is heavily referenced, packed with details on the various systems presented, and—despite its technical nature—easy to read."Glen Kitteringham, ASIS Security Management, USA Table of Contents1. Introduction. 2. Disaster Management and Early Warning Systems. 3. Disaster Engineering Computer Tools. 4. Early Warning System: A Use Case Scenario. 5. Early Warning System Architecture. 6. Modelling and Simulation of a Civionics Multihazard Early Warning System. 7. Multihazard Disaster Engineering during the Response Phase. 8. Conclusion and Future Directions.

Read more less

Book SynopsisAmbient Diagnostics addresses innovative methods for discovering patterns from affordable devices, such as mobile phones, watches, cameras, and game interfaces, to interpret multimedia data for personal health monitoring and diagnosis. This is the first comprehensive textbook on multidisciplinary innovations in affordable healthcarefrom sensory fusion, pattern detection, to classification.Connecting the DotsThe material in this book combines sensing, pattern recognition, and visual design, and is divided into four parts, which cover fundamentals, multimedia intelligence, pervasive sensors, and crowdsourcing. The author describes basic pattern discovery models, sound, color, motion and video analytics, and pattern discovery from games and social networks. Each chapter contains the material's main concepts, as well as case studies, and extensive study questions. Trade Review"... not only the first book of its kind, it's the only reference I know of that shows how designers and engineers might create a new world of ambient healthcare with non-invasive, low-cost and accessible sensors. Yang Cai's book is a very readable, extremely comprehensive collection of technologies and applications for readily accessible sensors and mobile technologies for immediate application in everyday diagnosis across the spectrum of health situations. Yang Cai's book is especially valuable as a deeply-researched and reliable source for engineers, product and medical device designers to quickly learn and adapt the emerging tools and sensors to facilitate what is so brilliantly framed as "ambient diagnostics." -Peter Jones, PhD, OCAD University, Toronto "The main contribution of this book is a comprehensive transversal approach that combines this ample background into a single matter ... a combination of diverse methodologies and strategies that are directly applicable to sense, perceive and recognize a great diversity of ambient parameters. Its easy-to-read style and its frequent references to real life examples make the book very attractive to the reader." -Julio Abascal, University of the Basque Country/Euskal Herriko UnibertsitateaTable of Contents Part I. Fundamentals. Introduction. Transformation. Pattern Recognition. Part II. Multimedia Intelligence. Sound Recognition. Color Sensors. Kinect Sensors. Video Analytics. Fatigue Sensing. Part III. Pervasive Sensors. Mobile Sensors. Body Media. Pocket Microscopes. Personal Spectrometers. Part IV. Crowd Sourcing. Remote Sensing. Games for Diagnosis. Social Media. Problems. Sample Source Code. Further Readings. Index.

Read more less

Book SynopsisThis introductory, yet in-depth, book explains the physical principles of electronic imaging and sensing and provides the reader with the information necessary to understand the design, operation, and practical applications of contemporary electronic imaging and sensing systems. The text has strong practical focus and contains examples of biomedical applications of optical electronic imaging and sensing. Each chapter draws upon the authors' extensive research, teaching, and industrial experience and provides a useful resource for undergraduate and graduate students, as well as a convenient reference for scientists and engineers working in the field of electronic imaging and sensing.Table of ContentsSection I: Technology and Devices. Theory and Experiments on THz Devices on Graphene. Theory and Experiments on THz Devices on Graphene. Photonic Engineering of Terahertz Quantum Cascade Lasers. Section II: Imaging Sensors and Systems. Intense Few-Cycle Terahertz Pulses and Nonlinear Terahertz Spectroscopy. Applications of Terahertz Technology for Plastic Industry. Cross-Sectional Velocity Distribution Measurement Based on Fiber-Optic Differential Laser Doppler Velocimetry. Integrated CMOS Optical Biosensor Systems. Design of CMOS Microsystems for Time-Correlated Single-Photon Counting Fluorescence Lifetime Analysis. Section III: Biomedical Applications. Fiber Delivery of Femtosecond Pulses for Multiphoton Endoscopy. In Vivo Flow Cytometer: A Powerful Tool to Study Cancer Metastasis. Transition Metal Luminophores for Cell Imaging. Three-Dimensional Electrical Impedance Tomography forPulmonary Embolism: A Simulation Study of a 16-Electrode System.

Read more less

Book SynopsisThis handbook is dedicated to the next generation of automation engineers working in the fields of measurement, control, and safety, describing the sensors and detectors used in the measurement of process variables.Trade ReviewPraise for the Previous Editions "The editor of this masterpiece, Bela Liptak, is a longtime engineering consultant, a teacher at Yale, and a fellow of the ISA. He is clearly devoted to producing a useful reference. ... The book is replete with simple explicatory figures and diagrams; well-organized summaries with information on the costs, suppliers, ranges, and inaccuracies of the instruments covered; and practical tips on related subjects such as good instrument maintenance practices. ... Comprehensive, practical, and well-organized, this book is highly recommended for academic libraries and engineering company libraries. It can best serve as a teaching aid for students or as a reference manual for both new and experienced practicing engineers." -E-Streams "Those [contributors] eventually selected are without doubt among the best. ... Whether used as a textbook by inexperienced engineers or as a quick reference book for the experienced engineer, this book is set to continue to be the main reference to the instrument engineer for the next decade." -Alan Reese, Control & Instrumentation "I have seen nothing with the scope of this handbook." -Roy V. Hughson, Chemical Engineering "In our smaller universe of process control, Bela Liptak is a towering presence." -Terrence K. McMahon, ControlTable of Contents1. General Considerations 2. Flow Measurement 3. Level Measurement 4. temperature Measurement 5. Pressure Measurement 6. Density Measurement 7. Miscellaneous sensors 8. Safety sensors 9. Transmitters

Read more less

Book SynopsisThe Instrument and Automation Engineersâ Handbook (IAEH) is the #1 process automation handbook in the world. Volume two of the Fifth Edition, Analysis and Analyzers, describes the measurement of such analytical properties as composition.Analysis and Analyzers is an invaluable resource that describes the availability, features, capabilities, and selection of analyzers used for determining the quality and compositions of liquid, gas, and solid products in many processing industries. It is the first time that a separate volume is devoted to analyzers in the IAEH. This is because, by converting the handbook into an international one, the coverage of analyzeTrade ReviewPraise for the Previous Editions"The editor of this masterpiece, Béla Lipták, is a longtime engineering consultant, a teacher at Yale, and a fellow of the ISA. He is clearly devoted to producing a useful reference. … The book is replete with simple explicatory figures and diagrams; well-organized summaries with information on the costs, suppliers, ranges, and inaccuracies of the instruments covered; and practical tips on related subjects such as good instrument maintenance practices. … Comprehensive, practical, and well-organized, this book is highly recommended for academic libraries and engineering company libraries. It can best serve as a teaching aid for students or as a reference manual for both new and experienced practicing engineers." —E-Streams"Those [contributors] eventually selected are without doubt among the best. … Whether used as a textbook by inexperienced engineers or as a quick reference book for the experienced engineer, this book is set to continue to be the main reference to the instrument engineer for the next decade." —Alan Reese, Control & Instrumentation "I have seen nothing with the scope of this handbook." —Roy V. Hughson, Chemical Engineering "In our smaller universe of process control, Béla Lipták is a towering presence." —Terrence K. McMahon, ControlTable of ContentsAnalytical Measurement. Appendix.

Read more less

Book SynopsisNonlinear Filtering covers linear and nonlinear filtering in a comprehensive manner, with appropriate theoretic and practical development. Aspects of modeling, estimation, recursive filtering, linear filtering, and nonlinear filtering are presented with appropriate and sufficient mathematics. A modeling-control-system approach is used when applicable, and detailed practical applications are presented to elucidate the analysis and filtering concepts. MATLAB routines are included, and examples from a wide range of engineering applications - including aerospace, automated manufacturing, robotics, and advanced control systems - are referenced throughout the text.Table of ContentsPrefaceAcknowledgementsAuthorsIntroductionSection I Mathematical Models, Kalman Filtering and H-Infinity Filters1. Dynamic System Models and Basic Concepts2. Filtering and Smoothing3. H∞ Filtering4. Adaptive FilteringSection II Factorization and Approximation Filters5. Factorization Filtering6. Approximation Filters for Nonlinear Systems7. Generalized Model Error Estimators for Nonlinear SystemsSection III Nonlinear Filtering, Estimation and Implementation Approaches8. Nonlinear Estimation and Filtering9. Nonlinear Filtering Based on Characteristic Functions10. Implementation Aspects of Nonlinear Filters11. Nonlinear Parameter Estimation12. Nonlinear ObserversSection IV Appendixes – Basic Concepts and Supporting MaterialAppendix A: System Theoretic Concepts – Controllability, Observability, Identifiability and EstimabilityAppendix B: Probability, Stochastic Processes and Stochastic CalculusAppendix C: Bayesian FilteringAppendix D: Girsanov TheoremAppendix E: Concepts from Signal and Stochastic AnalysesAppendix F: Notes on Simulation and Some AlgorithmsAppendix G: Additional ExamplesIndex

Read more less

Book SynopsisMeasurement uncertainty is an important component of modern materials analysis: it indicates the boundaries within which the test results can be trusted. Such results are necessary for understanding of, for example, material and product tolerances and lifetimes, vital for plastic product reliability and safety.Determination of measurement uncertainty is normally quite laborious, but this book shows how the available interlaboratory test data for plastics can be used to calculate measurement uncertainty much more simply. It contains many interlaboratory test results in the fields of thermoanalysis, molar mass determination, and quantitative analysis of the composition of material, presented in tables and graphical charts, discussed in the text, and elaborated by practical examples.In addition to the evaluation by means of the presented data (top-down approach), the relationship to the bottom-up approach specified in the Guide to the Expression of Uncertainty in Measurement (GUM) is explained based on an example. Further sections deal with sampling, and the issue of whether or not the difference between analytical results is significant.

Read more less

Book Synopsis

Read more less

Book SynopsisThis book offers professionals and students a comprehensive overview of GPS signal acquisitions, measurements, and algorithms for estimation of dynamic programming, quality control, and filtering methods. This book discusses in-depth GPS signal transmissions, transmission procedures and calculation algorithms, using GPS positioning location data for empirical research to elucidate various dimensions of spatial phenomenon which is different from previously published books. This book also focuses on how to conduct empirical research with GPS collected data to contribute discipline theory and concepts in different domains. The book is divided into three parts. Part I introduces debates about measurements of GPS signal structure, including acquisition time, validity based on various tested GPS units, quality control of real-time positioning, data characteristics of probed density, average time, and signal disturbance of message distribution such as noise and inaccuracy positioning. Part II describes applications of GPS positioning data for monitoring analysis, movement analysis, spatial analysis and clustering analysis. Part III presents GPS sources of error and biases by discussing the technology of positioning location for underwater positioning, and clarifying the accuracy of digital maps to positioning systems for vehicle positioning. This book brings together a team of leading experts who perform a creative and empirical research of Global Positioning Systems. The book aims to share all the latest advances in systems, methods and application of GPS positioning with the readers. The topics in this book cover an integrated overview of GPS conceptions, an in-depth realisation of advanced application, and the emerging trends in GPS research.

Read more less

Book Synopsis

Read more less

Book SynopsisThe book provides design engineers an elemental understanding of the variables that influence pressure drop and heat transfer in plain and micro-fin tubes to thermal systems using liquid single-phase flow in different industrial applications. It also provides design engineers using gas-liquid, two-phase flow in different industrial applications the necessary fundamentals of the two-phase flow variables. The author and his colleagues were the first to determine experimentally the very important relationship between inlet geometry and transition. On the basis of their results, they developed practical and easy to use correlations for the isothermal and non-isothermal friction factor (pressure drop) and heat transfer coefficient (Nusselt number) in the transition region as well as the laminar and turbulent flow regions for different inlet configurations and fin geometry. This work presented herein provides the thermal systems design engineer the necessary design tools. The author further presents a succinct review of the flow patterns, void fraction, pressure drop and non-boiling heat transfer phenomenon and recommends some of the well scrutinized modeling techniques.Table of ContentsIntroduction.- Single-Phase Flow Experimental Setup .- Friction Factor Results in Plain Tube.- Proposed Correlations for Friction Factor in Plain Tube.- Heat Transfer Results in Plain Tube.- Proposed Correlations for Heat Transfer in Plain Tube.- Simultaneous Heat Transfer and Friction Factor Analysis.- Friction Factor Results in Micro-fin Tubes.- Proposed Correlations for Friction Factor in Micro-fin Tubes.- Heat Transfer Results in Micro-fin Tubes.- Proposed Correlations for Heat Transfer in Micro-fin Tubes.

Read more less

Book SynopsisThis book reports on topics at the interface between manufacturing and materials engineering, with a special emphasis on smart and sustainable manufacturing. It describes innovative research in design engineering and manufacturing technology, covering the development and characterization of advanced materials alike. It also discusses key aspects related to ICT in engineering education. Based on the 5th International Conference on Design, Simulation, Manufacturing: The Innovation Exchange (DSMIE-2022), held on June 7-10, 2022, in Poznan, Poland, this first volume of a 2-volume set provides academics and professionals with extensive information on trends and technologies, and challenges and practice-oriented experience in all the above-mentioned areas.Table of ContentsMechatronic Actuator for Adaptive Machining Control.- Design and Validation of a Feeding System for the Systematic Production of Needle Beds.- An Increase in the Efficiency of Selected Production Processes Using Lean Tools.- Quality Control Monitoring in 3D Printing.

Read more less

Book SynopsisThis book covers a variety of topics in the field of mechatronics engineering, with a special focus on innovative control systems and automation concepts for a wide range of applications. Based on a set of papers presented at the 2nd International Conference “Innovation in Engineering”, ICIE, held in Minho, Portugal, on June 28-30, 2022, the chapters report on cutting-edge control algorithms for mobile robots, automatic monitoring systems and intelligent predictive maintenance techniques. They cover advanced scheduling, risk-assessment and decision-making strategies, and their applications in industrial production, training and education, and service organizations. This volume, which belongs to a three-volume set, provides engineering researchers and professionals with a timely overview and extensive information on trends and technologies behind the future developments of mechatronics systems in the era of Industry 4.0.

Read more less

Book SynopsisThis book presents a novel design framework for the development of Digital Twin (DT) models for process- and motion-control applications. It is based on system-data acquisition using cutting-edge computing technologies, modelling of physical-system behavior through detailed simultaneous simulation of different aspects of the system, and optimal dynamic behavior-matching of the process. The design framework is enhanced with real-time data analytics to improve the performance of the DT’s behavior-matching with the real system or physical twin.The methods of creating a DT detailed in Digital-Twin-Enabled Smart Control Engineering make possible the study of a system for real-time controller tuning and fault detection. They also facilitate life-cycle analysis for multiple critical and dangerous conditions that cannot be explored in the corresponding real system or physical twin. The authors show how a DT can be exploited to enable self-optimizing capabilities in feedback control systems.The DT framework and the control-performance assessment, fault diagnosis and prognosis, remaining-useful-life analysis, and self-optimizing control abilities it allows are validated with both process- and motion-control systems and their DTs. Supporting MATLAB-based material for a case study and an expanded introduction to the basic elements of DTs can be accessed on an associated website. This book helps university researchers from many areas of engineering to develop new tools for control design and reliability and life-cycle assessment and helps practicing engineers working with robotic, manufacturing and processing, and mechatronic systems to maintain and develop the mechanical tools they use.Table of ContentsDigital Twin Background.- A Digital Twin Development Framework.- Digital Twin Enabling Capabilities.- Smart Control Engineering Enabled by Digital Twin.- Summary and Future Research Opportunities.

Read more less

Book SynopsisKapitel 1. Der Bienenalgorithmus Einführung - Teil 1: Prozesse.- Kapitel 2. Minimierung der Bestückungszeit von Leiterplatten.- Kapitel 3. Ein digitaler Zwilling zur Optimierung des Drahterodierens.- Kapitel 4. Fallstudie mit BEE-miner.- Kapitel 5. Anwendung auf das pulsierende Hydroforming.- TEIL 2: Ausrüstung.- Kapitel 6. Formerkennung für Robotermanipulation.- Kapitel 7. Identifizierung und Messung von Werkzeugverschleiß - Kapitel 8. Punktwolkenregistrierung.- Kapitel 9. Toolkit für die PID-Abstimmung.- Kapitel 10. Effekt der Harmony Memory Integration - Kapitel 11. Multilevel Image Thresholding - Kapitel 12. Roboterbahnplanung.- Teil 3. Produktionspläne.- Kapitel 13. Produktionsplanung und Terminierung einer flexiblen Fertigungsanlage - Kapitel 14. Paralleles Maschinenplanungsproblem.- Kapitel 15. Cloud-Edge Collaborative Manufacturing Task Scheduling.- Teil 4. Logistik und Lieferkette - Kapitel 16. Bienen-Traplining-Metaphern für Fahrzeug-Routing.- Kapitel 17. Gestaltung der Li

Read more less

Book SynopsisSupporting multi-criteria decision-making in mass customization production in the automotive industry.- Utilization of Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning Technologies in Regeneration Processes Control and Optimization: A Literature Review.- The effect of reinforcement on selected properties of elastomers as an example of improving the quality of raw materials used in the production of rubber products.

Read more less

Book Synopsis

Read more less

Book SynopsisAsia is home to 60 per cent of the world's population, including the world's two most populous nations, China and India. The region's economic gains and rising middle class are accelerating demand for more consumer goods and a better quality of life. For further economic growth to be realised, the region will need a massive supply of additional energy, three- to five-fold 2020’s amount by 2050. These changes create new business and investment opportunities for domestic companies and overseas participants. Asia’s energy market, already the world’s biggest, will soon be the most advanced. There will be mass adoption of digital technologies, like artificial intelligence, to make the distribution of solar, wind and other clean resources, smarter and more efficient. Led by China, billions of dollars in capital investment will drive the region's shift to green, sustainable energy, replacing polluting and expensive fossil fuels, which will help to rein in climate change. In Asia’s Energy Revolution, leading energy markets analyst and practitioner Joseph Jacobelli explains why Asia is the world’s most important territory for energy transition, how developments in the region will drive change in the rest of the world as well as how it will all be financed. The book discussion includes: Analysis of past events and forward-looking analysis of the industry in the region encompassing commercial, economic, and financial aspects Appraisal of new energy technologies, such as electric vehicles, and digital solutions, such as blockchain for energy Review of the capital flows and sustainable financing channels needed to fund energy infrastructure and tech growth

Read more less

Book SynopsisThis book explains the principles of biosignal processing and its practical applications using MATLAB. Topics include the emergence of biosignals, electrophysiology, analog and digital biosignal processing, signal discretization, electrodes, time and frequency analysis, analog and digital filters, Fourier-transformation, z-transformation, pattern recognition, statistical data analysis, physiological modelling and applications of EEG, ECG, EMG, PCG and PPG signals. Additional scientifi c contributions on motion analysis by guest authors Prof. Dr. J. Subke and B. Schneider as well as classification of PPG signals by Dr. U. Hackstein.

Read more less

Book SynopsisAsia is home to 60 per cent of the world's population, including the world's two most populous nations, China and India. The region's economic gains and rising middle class are accelerating demand for more consumer goods and a better quality of life. For further economic growth to be realised, the region will need a massive supply of additional energy, three- to five-fold 2020’s amount by 2050. These changes create new business and investment opportunities for domestic companies and overseas participants. Asia’s energy market, already the world’s biggest, will soon be the most advanced. There will be mass adoption of digital technologies, like artificial intelligence, to make the distribution of solar, wind and other clean resources, smarter and more efficient. Led by China, billions of dollars in capital investment will drive the region's shift to green, sustainable energy, replacing polluting and expensive fossil fuels, which will help to rein in climate change. In Asia’s Energy Revolution, leading energy markets analyst and practitioner Joseph Jacobelli explains why Asia is the world’s most important territory for energy transition, how developments in the region will drive change in the rest of the world as well as how it will all be financed. The book discussion includes: Analysis of past events and forward-looking analysis of the industry in the region encompassing commercial, economic, and financial aspects Appraisal of new energy technologies, such as electric vehicles, and digital solutions, such as blockchain for energy Review of the capital flows and sustainable financing channels needed to fund energy infrastructure and tech growth

Read more less

Book Synopsis

Read more less

Book Synopsis

Read more less

Book Synopsis

Read more less