Industrial relations, occupational health Books

Book Synopsis"It is splendid, finally, to have this novel back in print . . . . Nothing before or since has so successfully captured the political and emotional spirit of the women's strike of 1909."—Alice Kessler-Harris, Rutgers UniversityTrade ReviewBeautifully captures the emotionally charged atmosphere of the 1909 strike. * Industrial and Labor Relations Review *Strongly recommended to those interested in the history of labour unions, women workers and socialism in North America, as well as to those interested in the origins of feminism in the United States. * Relations Industrielles *Very effective in providing a feel for the details of the strike.... It also effectively illuminates the class tensions that existed between the strikers and some of their wealthy female supporters.... Basch's fine introduction makes it a useful teaching text as well. * Labor History *

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Book SynopsisTrade ReviewFor anyone looking for empirical, scholarly evidence of both some of the sources and many of the consequences of so-called job segregation, Tomaskovic-Devey provides it. * Booklist *

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Book SynopsisOn the basis of extensive archival research, Alan Draper illuminates the role organized labor played in the southern civil rights movement.Trade ReviewDraper's Conflict of Interests is the most comprehensive and most impressively researched study yet published of organized labor in the South during the great conflict over desegregation. * The Journal of American History *Conflict of Interests is an extraordinarily good book, and important work that needed writing. * Business Library Review *

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Book SynopsisIn the depths of a depression in 1894, a highly successful Gilded Age businessman named Jacob Coxey led a group of jobless men on a march from his hometown of Massillon, Ohio, to the steps of the nation''s Capitol. Though a financial panic and the resulting widespread business failures caused millions of Americans to be without work at the time, the word unemployment was rarely used and generally misunderstood. In an era that worshipped the self-reliant individual who triumphed in a laissez-faire market, the out-of-work tramp was disparaged as weak or flawed, and undeserving of assistance. Private charities were unable to meet the needs of the jobless, and only a few communities experimented with public works programs. Despite these limitations, Coxey conceived a plan to put millions back to work building a nationwide system of roads and drew attention to his idea with the march to Washington. In Coxey''s Crusade for Jobs, Jerry Prout recounts Coxey''s story and adds dTrade ReviewProut provides an important work in the historiography of Coxey's Army, the history of unemployment, and the broader history of the Gilded Age. Prout uses his history of Coxey's Army to illuminate multiple strains of Populism in the 1890s. This important contribution challenges historians to think about the ways in which Populism had multiple potentials, as well as how it survived into the New Deal era and shaped thinking of future government officials and reformers. Well researched and well written, this work is highly recommended for those interested in Coxey's Army, the history of unemployment, and the longer legacies of American protests. * H-Net Reviews *Coxey's Crusade for Jobs helps bridge the historical eras of narrative-based journalism, expounded by historian Hazel Dicken-Garcia, and the sensationalism and sometimes fact-stretching yellow journalism that followed. It is highly recommended for journalism historians as well as casual readers. * Journalism History *Prout has produced a highly informative and entirely satisfying study of the contribution of Coxey's 'Industrial Army' to the history of American protest. * The Annals of Iowa *

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Book SynopsisInterrogates types of commemoration and remembrance, current legacies of the Winnipeg General Strike, and its ongoing influence. Together, the essays in this collection demonstrate that the Strike continues to mobilize - revealing our radical past and helping us to think imaginatively about collective action in the future.Table of Contents Introduction Chapter 1 “Strike or Revolution” Redux: The Historiography of the Winnipeg General Chapter 2 In the Water: Race, Empire, and the Winnipeg General Strike Chapter 3 From Patriotism to Insurgency: The Shifting Allegiances of Winnipeg 1919’s Striker-Soldiers Chapter 4 Winnipeg Jews and the General Strike: “Adapt to the Institutions and the Manners of the Country” Chapter 5 The Edmonton General Strike Chapter 6 The Winnipeg General Strike in the Crowsnest Pass Chapter 7 Montréal’s Civil War: The Municipal Workers’ Strike of 1918 Chapter 8 “Justice and Not Charity Should Be Your Demand!”: Montréal’s Unemployed and the Workers’ Revolt Chapter 9 The Kansas City General Strike: Wartime Solidarity in the American Midwest Chapter 10 The Seattle General Strike: Five Days that Matter Chapter 11 The Storm Before the Calm: Social and Political Upheaval in the Western Hemisphere Chapter 12 The Rural Nothing Worth Monkey Police, or the Winnipeg Origins of 100 Years of Canadian State Spying on Labour and the Left Chapter 13 Not by Repression Alone: Defeating the Workers’ Revolt by False Promises of Reform Chapter 14 Remembering 1919: Commemoration and the Winnipeg General Strike Chapter 15 Putting History to Work: Public History and Commemoration Chapter 16 The Winnipeg General Strike in the Twenty-First Century

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Book SynopsisInequality, Uncertainty, and Opportunity provides readers with a sense of the many ways in which financial market developments influence labor and industrial relations.Table of ContentsIntroduction by Christian E. Weller1. How 401(k) Plans Make Recessions Worseby Teresa Ghilarducci and Joelle Saad-Lessler2. Financialization, Collective Bargaining, and the Public Interestby Joel Cutcher-Gershenfeld, Dan Brooks, Noel Cowell, Christos A. Ioannou, Martin Mulloy, Danny Roberts, Tanzia S. Saunders, and Søren Viemose3. Gaining Traction: Socially Responsible Investments, Targeted Markets, Sustainable Impactsby Janet Boguslaw and Alexander B. Kaufman4. Beyond Shareholder Value? The Impact of Capital Market–Oriented Business Management on Labor Relations in Germanyby Klaus Dörre5. Organizing the U.S. Financial Sector: Industry Reform and Raising Labor Standards Through Transnational Alliancesby Hina Sheikh, Stephen Lerner, and Rita Berlofa6. Labor in the 21st Century: The Top 0.1% and the Disappearing Middle Classby William Lazonick7. Investors as Managers: How Private Equity Firms Manage Labor and Employment Relationsby Rosemary Batt and Eileen Appelbaum8. Employee Stock Ownership and Profit Sharing in the New Era of Financialization and Inequality in the Distribution of Capital Incomeby Joseph R. Blasi, Richard B. Freeman, and Douglas L. Kruse9. Household Wealth Inequality, Retirement Income Security, and Financial Market Swings 1983 Through 2010by Edward N. Wolff10. Debt Lock-In: Household Debt Burden and Voluntary Quitsby Sara M. Bernardo11. Income Diversification as Insurance in an Increasingly Risky World: Identifying Policy Goalsby Christian E. Weller and Jeffrey B. Wenger

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Book SynopsisEver since the emergence of industrial relations as a field in the late 1920s, three different approaches to labor problems have been focal points for research and debate, according to Bruce E. Kaufman. What he refers to as "employers" solutions...Trade Review"An impressive collection.... Readers exploring the entire volume cannot help but have a renewed appreciation for the diversity of careful research being undertaken by IR scholars."

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Book SynopsisThis volume examines questions related to the prevention, compensation, and accommodation of work disabilities. It focuses on disabilities arising out of workplace...Trade Review"The editors and contributors highlight the inevitable trade-offs that are involved in disability in the workplace, and make policy recommendations that are generally reasonable and backed by careful analysis and often new research findings." -- Morley Gunderson, Dept. of Economics, University of Toronto * Industrial and Labor Relations Review *"Why is it so easy to recommend this book to JVIB readers —more precisely, to readers keenly interested in designing and applying disability policy to the complex area loosely summarized as 'the workplace'? Two virtues stand out: analytic sophistication and a reasonably balanced perspective on hotly debated issues." -- Corinne Kirchner * Journal of Visual Impairment and Blindness *Table of ContentsDispelling the myths about work disability; the prevention of disability from work-related sources - the roles of risk management, government intervention and insurance; the prevention of behavioural disabilities from non-work sources - employee assistance programmes and related strategies; the role of unions and collective bargaining in preventing work-related disability; reducing the consequences of disability - policies to reduce discrimination against disabled workers; facilitating employment through vocational rehabilitation; compensation for disabled workers - workers' compensation; social security disability insurance - a policy review; disputes and dispute resolutions; convergence - a comparison of European and US disability policy.

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Book SynopsisThe concept of human rights at work has advanced significantly in the last decade. The authors of the essays in Human Rights in Labor and Employment Relations focus in various ways on how the promotion and protection of human rights at workplaces here...

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Book SynopsisComplemented by an estimating tool spreadsheet based on a fixed set of chemicals to assist in risk estimations, Probability of Ignition of a Released Flammable Mass converts a best guess to a calculated value based on available information and current technology.Table of ContentsFORWARD XI 1 INTRODUCTION 1 1.1 Objectives 1 1.2 Motivation for this Book 1 1.2.1 A Brief History of Fire Protection 2 1.2.2 The Development of Risk-Based Approaches to Flammables Management 3 1.2.3 Difficulties in Developing Ignition Probability Prediction Methods 4 1.2.4 Missing Variables 5 1.2.5 Summary of Industry Needs and Path Forward 5 1.2.6 Applications for This Book 6 1.2.7 Limitations in Applying the Approaches in This Book 7 1.3 Ignition Probability Overview 8 1.3.1 Theoretical Basis for Ignition 8 1.3.2 Key Ignition Factors Related to the Properties of the Fuel, and Available Surrogates that can be Used for Developing Probability of Ignition Predictions 13 1.3.3 Key Ignition Factors Related to the Release Source 19 1.3.4 Key Ignition Factors Related to the External Environment After the Release 27 1.4 Control of Ignition Sources 30 1.4.1 Ignition Source Management 30 1.4.2 Minimization of Release 33 1.5 Vapor Cloud Explosion Probability Overview 33 1.6 Detonation Overview 35 1.6.1 Detonation Using a Strong Ignition Source 35 1.6.2 Deflagration-to-Detonation Transition 35 1.6.3 Buncefield 35 1.7 Other Ignition Topics - Hydrogen 36 1.7.1 Ignition Mechanisms 36 1.7.2 Other Hydrogen Ignition Topics 37 2 ESTIMATION METHODS 39 2.1 Introduction 39 2.1.1 Event Tree 39 2.1.2 Failure Frequency Data for Use in Event Trees 41 2.1.3 Quantification of the Event Tree 41 2.2 Factors Influencing the Probability of Immediate Ignition 41 2.2.1 Temperature of Release Relative to the Autoignition Temperature 42 2.2.2 Minimum Ignition Energy (MIE) of Material Being Released 42 2.2.3 Pyrophoricity of Released Material 44 2.2.4 Pressure/Velocity of Discharge 44 2.2.5 Droplet Size 45 2.2.6 Presence of Particulates 46 2.2.7 Configuration/Orientation of Equipment Near/At the Point of Release 46 2.2.8 Temperature of Release (as it relates to its effect on MIE) 46 2.2.9 Phase of Release (API RBI) 47 2.2.10 Flash Point and Release Rate (TNO) 47 2.3 Factors Influencing the Probability of Delayed Ignition 47 2.3.1 Strength and Numbers of Ignition Sources 47 2.3.2 Duration of Exposure 51 2.3.3 Release Rate/Amount 51 2.3.4 Material Being Released 53 2.3.5 Release Phase/Flash Point/Boiling Point 53 2.3.6 Distance from Point of Release to Ignition Source 54 2.3.7 Meteorology 54 2.3.8 Events Originating Indoors 54 2.4 Factors Influencing the Probability of Explosion, Given Delayed Ignition 57 2.5 Potential Interdependence of Variables 57 2.6 Summary of Variables Used in Each Analysis Level 58 2.7 Basic (Level 1) Probability of Ignition Algorithms 59 2.7.1 Level 1 Algorithm for Probability of Immediate Ignition 59 2.7.2 Level 1 Algorithm for Probability of Delayed Ignition 60 2.8 Level 2 Probability of Ignition Algorithms 61 2.8.1 Level 2 Algorithm for Probability of Immediate Ignition 61 2.8.2 Level 2 Algorithm for Probability of Delayed Ignition 62 2.9 Advanced (Level 3) Probability of Ignition Algorithms 67 2.9.1 Level 3 Algorithm for Probability of Immediate Ignition 67 2.9.2 Level 3 Algorithm for Probability of Delayed Ignition 67 2.10 Developing Inputs When Chemical Properties Are Not Available 69 2.10.1 Estimating Input Properties of Chemicals Not in the Pick List 69 2.10.2 Estimating the Properties of Flammable Mixtures 71 2.11 Worked Example 73 2.11.1 Problem Statement 73 2.11.2 Level 1 Analysis 74 2.11.3 Level 2 Analysis 75 2.11.4 Level 3 Analysis 76 2.12 Application of the Models to a Study with Multiple Ignition Sources 77 3 TECHNICAL BACKGROUND AND DATA SOURCES 78 3.1 Introduction and Summary 78 3.2 Government-driven studies 82 3.2.1 Rew et al. 82 3.2.2 Bevi Risk Assessment Manual (TNO Purple Book) 91 3.2.3 HSE / Crossthwaite, et al. 95 3.2.4 HSE/Thyer 95 3.2.5 HSE/Gummer and Hawksworth - Hydrogen 97 3.2.6 Cawley/U.S. Bureau of Mines 98 3.2.7 Canvey 99 3.2.8 Witcofski (NASA) Liquid Hydrogen 100 3.3 Information Developed by Industry Groups 100 3.3.1 Cox/Lees/Ang 100 3.3.2 E&P Forum 103 3.3.3 API RBI 103 3.3.4 API RP 2216 108 3.3.5 IEEE 109 3.3.6 UK Energy Institute 110 3.4 Information Developed in Academia 113 3.4.1 Ronza, et al. 113 3.4.2 Offshore Explosions (Loughborough) 116 3.4.3 Srekl and Golob 116 3.4.4 Duarte et al. 117 3.4.5 Swain - Ignition of Hydrogen 118 3.4.6 Dryer et al. – Hydrogen and Light Hydrocarbons 118 3.4.7 Britton – Silanes and Chlorosilanes 119 3.4.8 Pesce et al. 120 3.5 Information Developed by Individual Companies 121 3.5.1 Spouge 121 3.5.2 Moosemiller 122 3.5.3 Johnson – Humans as Electrostatic Ignition Sources 123 3.5.4 Jallais – Hydrogen 125 3.5.5 Zalosh – Hydrogen 125 3.5.6 Smith - Pipelines 127 3.6 Studies Specific to Ignition of Sprays 128 3.6.1 Lee et al. 128 3.6.2 Babrauskas 130 3.7 Case Histories 131 3.7.1 Britton - External Ignition Events 131 3.7.2 Pratt - Gas Well and Pipeline Blowouts 132 3.7.3 Gummer and Hawksworth – Hydrogen Events 133 4 ADDITIONAL EXAMPLES 136 4.1 Introduction to Examples, and Potential “Lessons Learned” 136 4.1.1 “Reality” vs. Predictions 136 4.1.2 “Conservatism” – Does it Exist? 137 4.1.3 Cases where the Model may not be Appropriate or the Results Misinterpreted 138 4.1.4 Summary of Worked Examples 139 4.2 Worked Examples (based on other CCPS books) 140 4.2.1 “Vapor Cloud Explosion Hazard Assessment of a Storage Site” 140 4.2.2 “Open Field Release of Propane” 145 4.2.3 “Release from Pipeline” 149 4.3 Worked Examples (chemical and petrochemical plants) 152 4.3.1 “Ethylene Tubing Failure” 152 4.3.2 “Benzene Pipe Rupture” 154 4.3.3 “Spill from Methyl Ethyl Ketone Tank” 155 4.3.4 “Indoor Puncture of MEK Tote” 158 4.3.5 “Elevated Release” 161 4.4 Worked Examples (oil refineries) 164 4.4.1 “Gasoline Release from a Sight Glass” 164 4.4.2 “Overfilling a Gasoline Storage Tank” 168 4.4.3 “Overfilling a Propane Bullet” 170 4.4.4 “Hydrogen Release from a Sight Glass” 172 4.5 Worked Examples (Unusual Cases) 174 4.5.1 “Indoor Acid Spill - Ventilation Model” 174 4.5.2 “Release of Ammonia” 179 4.6 Worked Examples (‘Out of Scope’ Cases) 180 4.6.1 “Release of Gas from an Offshore Platform Separator” 180 4.6.2 “Dust Ignition” 183 4.7 Worked Examples of the Benefits of Plant Modifications and Design Changes 186 4.7.1 “Ignition by Hot Surfaces” 186 4.7.2 Release Prevention 189 4.7.3 Duration of Exposure 189 4.7.4 Benefit of Improved Ventilation of Indoor Releases – Continuation of “Indoor Acid Spill” Example 192 5 SOFTWARE ILLUSTRATION 194 5.1 Explanation and Instructions for Software Tool 194 5.2 Opening the Software Tool 194 5.3 General Inputs and Outputs 195 5.4 Level 1 Inputs 196 5.5 Level 2 Analyses 198 5.6 Level 3 Analyses 200 5.7 Explosion Probability 200 5.8 Illustrations of Software Use 201 5.8.1 “Vapor Cloud Explosion Hazard Assessment of a Storage Site” (example from Section 4.2.1) 201 5.8.2 “Open Field Release of Propane” (example from Section 4.2.2) 204 APPENDIX A. CHEMICAL PROPERTY DATA 207 APPENDIX B. OTHER MODELS FOR CONSIDERATION 213

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Book SynopsisSafety continues to be a primary concern in the food, water, and pharmaceutical industries. Written by experts in food, drug, and water safety, this book examines some of the ways in which communication has affected safety issues in the recent past and encourages discussions about what improvements can be made.Table of ContentsA Note from the Series Editor ix Preface xi List of Contributors xiii Acknowledgments xv 1 Cowboys and Computers: Communicating National Animal Identification in the Beef Industry 1David Wright 1.1 Industries Collide 1 1.1.1 Resistance to Technology in the Beef Industry 3 1.1.2 Having a Cow over Mad Cow Disease 3 1.1.3 Change Is Slow in the Beef Industry 6 1.1.4 Communication Breakdowns and Coffee Shop Policymaking 7 1.1.5 Can We All Just Get Along? 9 1.1.6 USDA Strategies for Communication 10 1.2 A New Approach to Studying Complex Communication Issues 11 1.2.1 Ethnography and Diffusion in the Beef Supply Chain 13 1.2.2 Communication Theory Linguistics and Diffusion in the Beef Supply Chain 16 1.2.3 Linguistic Textual Analysis 19 1.2.4 Diffusing Innovations in the Real World 23 1.2.5 Diffusion and Communication Networks 24 1.3 Results of My Investigation 25 1.3.1 Alice at the Auction 26 1.3.2 Backstage at the Sale Barn 27 1.3.3 Buying the NAIS 29 1.3.4 Down on the Farm 30 1.3.5 Interviews with Members of the Beef Industry 32 1.3.6 Interviews with Livestock Market Owners 33 1.3.7 Rules from the Road 38 1.3.8 Communication Gaps and Communication Theory 40 1.3.9 Textual Analysis with Implicature and Pragmatics 48 1.4 Lessons of Beef and Bandwidth 49 1.4.1 No Pardon for Jargon 51 1.4.2 Alice Is Not in Wonderland 52 1.4.3 The Telephone Game Still Happens 53 1.4.4 It All Comes Down to Doin’ Business 54 1.4.5 What We Have Here Is a Failure to Communicate 56 1.4.6 Culture Is King 58 1.4.7 The Situation Now 59 References 60 2 Children Communicating Food Safety/Teaching Technical Communication to Children: Opportunities Gleaned from the FIRST® LEGO® League 2011 Food Factor Challenge 63Edward A. Malone and Havva Tezcan-Malone 2.1 Enhancing the Visibility and Recognition of Technical Communication 63 2.2 Literature Review: Teaching Technical Communication Engineering and Food Safety to Children 65 2.3 Background: The League the Challenge and the Team 67 2.3.1 First Lego League 67 2.3.2 The Food Factor Challenge 69 2.3.3 The Team: Global Dreamers 70 2.4 Examples of Technical Communication Activities in FLL Projects 71 2.4.1 Branding (Creating a Name and Logo) 72 2.4.2 Conducting Primary and Secondary Research 72 2.4.3 Giving Presentations and Demonstrations 74 2.4.4 Designing a Document 77 2.5 The Food Factor Challenge as a Model of Food-Safety Education 77 2.5.1 Fostering Food-Safety Habits in Children 78 2.5.2 Promoting Dialogue Rather Than Monologue 79 2.5.3 Generating Interest in Food-Safety Careers 79 2.6 Conclusion 80 Acknowledgments 81 References 81 3 The Role of Public (Mis)perceptions in the Acceptance of New Food Technologies: Implications for Food Nanotechnology Applications 89Mary L. Nucci and William K. Hallman 3.1 Accepting New Foods: Consumers Technology and Media 89 3.1.1 Food Technology Acceptance 90 3.1.2 The Role of the Media in Public Perceptions of Food Technologies 92 3.2 Nanotechnology: Unseen Unknown 95 3.2.1 Nanotechnology in the Media 96 3.2.2 Public Perceptions of Nanotechnology 96 3.2.3 Perceptions and Acceptance of Nanotechnology 97 3.3 Discussing New Food Technologies 101 Acknowledgments 103 References 103 4 The New Limeco Story: How One Produce Company Used Third-Party Food Safety Audit Scores to Improve Its Operation 119Roy E. Costa 4.1 Food Safety in Modern Food Supply Operations 119 4.2 Safety Audits Cause Some Level of Controversy 122 4.3 New Limeco’s Journey to Safety 122 4.3.1 Implementing Changes 124 4.3.2 Sanitation Issues 125 4.3.3 Gradual Safety Improvement 125 References 126 5 Communication Practices by Way of Permits and Policy: Do Environmental Regulations Promote Sustainability in the Real World? 129Becca Cammack 5.1 Communication in the Modern Environmental Movement 129 5.2 Background 130 5.2.1 Who Is on the Receiving End of Environmental Regulation? 131 5.2.2 What Are the Effects of Construction and Storm Water on the Environment? 131 5.3 Studying Groundwater Regulation 133 5.3.1 Textual Analysis 133 5.3.2 Case Study 134 5.4 Results of My Investigation 134 5.4.1 The CGP Fact Sheet Background Section 135 5.4.2 The CGP Rationale Section 136 5.4.3 Construction General Permit (CGP) 136 5.4.4 A Targeted Case Study of CGP 137 5.5 Discussion of Study Results 142 References 144 6 Influences of Technical Documentation and Its Translation on Efficiency and Customer Satisfaction 145Elena Sperandio 6.1 Considering Technical Documentation 145 6.1.1 The Problem with Integrating Systems 146 6.1.2 Enterprise Resource Planning Systems 147 6.1.3 Production Information Management Systems 148 6.1.4 Document Management Systems/Content Management Systems 148 6.1.5 Translation Memory Systems/Computer-Aided Translation 149 6.2 Data Management in Technical Communication 150 6.2.1 Development and Diffusion of Data Management Tools 150 6.3 Technical Communication in Small Companies 153 6.3.1 Workflow Advantages in Small Companies 153 6.3.2 Workflow Disadvantages in Small Companies 154 6.4 Technical Communication in Medium-Sized Companies 154 6.4.1 Workflow Advantages in Medium-Sized Companies 155 6.4.2 Workflow Disadvantages in Medium-Sized Companies 156 6.5 Technical Communication in Large Companies 156 6.5.1 Workflow Advantages in Large Companies 158 6.5.2 Workflow Disadvantages in Large Companies 159 6.6 Translation of Technical Information 159 6.6.1 Translations in Small Companies 160 6.6.2 Translations in Medium-Sized Companies 162 6.6.3 Translations in Large Companies 163 6.7 Consequences for Technical Communication 165 6.8 Assumptions About Technical Communication 166 6.9 Outlook 168 References 169 7 Communicating Food Through Muckraking: Ethics Food Engineering and Culinary Realism 171Kathryn C. Dolan 7.1 Muckraking and Promoting Food Safety 172 7.2 Culinary Realism and Food Safety 173 7.2.1 Tubercular Beef in The Jungle 174 7.3 High Fructose Corn Syrup in The Omnivore’s Dilemma and In Defense of Food 179 7.4 Literature as a Watchdog in Food Safety 184 7.5 The Effects of Literature on Everyday Practices 186 References 186 Index 189

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Book SynopsisAn understanding of organizational change management (OCM) an often overlooked subject is essential for successful corporate decision making with little adverse effect on the health and safety of employees or the surrounding community.Table of ContentsList of Tables xi List of Figures xiii Files on the Web Accompanying This Book xv Acronyms and Abbreviations xvii Glossary xxi Acknowledgements xxiii Preface xxv Introduction and Scope 1 1.1 Case Study- Hickson and Welsh LTD, England (1994) 1 1.2 Introduction 3 1.3 The Need for Management of Organizational Change 5 1.4 Organization of the Book 6 1.5 A History of Organizational Change Management 11 1.6 Definitions Related to Management of Organizational Change 16 Corporate Standard for Organizational Change Management 21 2.1 Case Study – BP – Grangemouth, Scotland (2000) 21 2.2 OCM Background 24 2.3 Management Commitment 25 2.4 OCM Policy 26 2.5 OCM Workflow 27 2.6 OCM Procedure 28 2.7 Definition of Organizational Change 29 2.8 Roles and Responsibilities 32 2.9 Initiate an Organizational Change 32 2.10 Review the Change 34 2.11 OCM Risk Assessment 35 2.12 Action and Implementation/Transition Plans 55 2.13 Post-Implementation Monitoring 59 2.14 Closeout 61 2.15 Conclusion 61 Modification of Working Conditions 65 3.1 Case Study – Esso – Longford, Victoria, Australia (1998) 65 3.2 Modifying location, communication, or time allocation for people 68 3.3 Case Study – Changes in shift schedules and staffing during turnarounds 69 3.4 Changes to terms and conditions of employment (e.g. hours, shifts, allowable overtime) 72 3.5 Staffing during turnarounds, facility-wide emergencies, or extreme weather events 74 3.6 Impacts and Associated Risks 76 3.7 Special Training Requirements 79 3.8 Conclusion 80 Personnel Changes 83 4.1 Case Study – Union Carbide – Bhopal, India (1984) 83 4.2 Case Study – Bayer CropScience, LLC – Institute, West Virginia, USA (2008) 87 4.3 Changes in Plant Management, Such as Plant Manager or EHS Manager 91 4.4 Replacement of a Subject Matter Expert (SME) 92 4.5 Replacing the Incumbent in a Position that Directly Affects Process Safety 93 4.6 Strikes, work stoppages, slowdowns, and other workforce actions 93 4.7 Emergency Response Team Staffing 95 4.8 Impacts/Associated Risks 95 4.9 Organizational Change Procedures versus OCM for new hires, promotions, etc. 97 4.10 Conclusion 98 Task Allocation Changes 99 5.1 Downsizing Examples 99 5.2 Task Allocation Changes 101 5.3 Job Competency Change 102 5.4 Case Study – Bayer CropSscience LLC – Institute, West Virginia, USA (2008) 103 5.5 Assigning New Responsibilities 105 5.6 Temporary Backfilling 106 5.7 Vanishing Task Allocations 106 5.8 Case Study – BP – Whiting, Indiana, USA (1998 – 2006) 107 5.9 Impacts/Associated Risks 109 5.10 Conclusions 111 Organizational Hierarchy Changes 113 6.1 Centralization or Decentralization of Job Functions 114 6.2 Case Study – Esso – Longford, Victoria, Australia (1998) 115 6.3 Reorganizations and De-layering the Hierarchy 117 6.4 Impacts/Associated Risks 119 6.5 Changes to Span of Control 121 6.6 Impacts/Associated Risks 122 6.7 Linear vs. Matrix Organization 122 6.8 Case Study – BP, Texas City, Texas, USA (2005) 124 6.9 Impacts/Associated Risks 126 6.10 Acquisitions, Mergers, Divestitures, and Joint Ventures 127 6.11 Case Study – Anonymous, USA (1998) 127 6.12 Associated Risks 128 6.13 Case Study – Union Carbide, Bhopal, India (1984) 129 6.14 Changing Service Providers 132 6.15 Impacts/Associated Risks 132 6.16 Conclusion 133 Organizational Policy Changes 135 7.1 Case Study – Dupont, Delaware, USA (1818) 135 7.2 Changes to Mission and Vision Statements 136 7.3 New and Revised Corporate Process Safety Related Policies/Procedures 138 7.4 Major Changes to Policy of Budgets for Maintenance or Operations 139 7.5 Impacts/Associated Risks 140 7.6 In/Outsourcing of Key Departmental Functions Such as Engineering Design or Maintenance 142 7.7 Staffing Level Policy Changes (shutdowns, turnarounds, startups) 144 7.8 Special Training Requirements 146 7.9 Conclusion 146 Appendix A. Example Tools for Evaluating Organizational Changes 149 Appendix B. Example Procedures for Managing Organizational Changes 199 Index 236

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Book SynopsisWorking Hard for the American Dream examines the various economic, social, and political developments that shaped labor history in the United States from World War I until the present day. Presents an overview of labor history that also considers women workers, ethnic America, and post-World War II workers Incorporates the most recent scholarship in labor history Takes the story of labor up to the present day in a readable and accessible manner Trade Review “Summing Up: Highly recommended. All levels of students; faculty and researchers; professionals; general readers.” (Choice, 1 October 2013) Table of ContentsList of Illustrations vii Acknowledgments ix Introduction: Back to the Future 1 1 "Everyone Was Ready For Unionism": The Precursors, Promises, and Pitfalls of Industrial Unions in the 1930s 10 Political Prelude: Industrial Democracy Betrayed, from Wilson to Hoover 12 Corporate Prelude: The Unintended Consequences of 1920s Corporate Policies 25 Working-Class Prelude: Activism 32 A New Deal for Workers: A Failed and Flawed Start 41 Fighting for Unionism in the 1930s Without Meaningful Federal Protection 44 The Wagner Act and Industrial Unionism 48 Corporate Resistance and Workers’ Unity 58 Extending the New Deal for Workers 61 Assessing Workers' New Deal and Industrial Unionism 65 Conclusion 68 2 Big Wars, Big Labor, Big Costs 70 Wartime Mobilization, 1939–1941 73 Government Intervention: War Industries and Labor Policies, 1941–1945 87 Wartime Demographic Developments 93 Crisis in Industrial Relations, 1945–1946 103 Postwar Politics and Taft-Hartley, 1946–1948 108 Political (Mis)calculations: Operation Dixie, CIO Purges, and International Alliances, 1946–1950s 114 Big Labor, Big Costs, 1955–1960s 120 Conclusion 127 3 Civil Rights Versus Labor Rights, 1960s–1970s 128 Expanding Public and Service Sectors 131 Public Sector Workers and Union Rights 133 New Laws and Workplace Challenges 141 Women and Workplace Rights 151 The Push and Pull of Changing Times: New Unionists, Rank-and-File Movements, AFL-CIO Leaders, and Nixon 157 Unionists Divided and Under Siege 169 Conclusion 172 4 Working More for Less and Other Troubles for Workers in the Late Twentieth Century 174 Profit Making in a Global World 176 The Human Price of Modern Capitalism 182 The Political Shaping of the Economy 189 The AFL-CIO Leadership's Resistance to Change 199 Innovation and Possibilities 205 Change from the Bottom-Up 216 Conclusion 222 Epilogue: The Illusive American Dream: A Personal Journey 224 Bibliographical Essay 253 Index 278

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Book SynopsisShine a spotlight on the benefits of promoting health in the workplace Workplace Health Promotion Programs focuses on the incredible value that employee health programs can offer by exploring six key topics: behavioral health, physical health, healthy environments, health education, nutritional health, and physical activity.Table of ContentsFigures, Tables, Boxes, and Exhibits xvii Preface xxi Acknowledgments xxvix About the Author xxxi Part One: Foundation 1 Chapter 1 Workplace Health Promotion Program Foundations 3 What AreWorkplace Health Promotion Programs? 3 Historical Context for Workplace Health Promotion 5 Impact of the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act on Workplace Health Promotion 13 Workplace Health Promotion Controversies and Pitfalls 16 Summary 20 For Practice and Discussion 21 Case Study: What Is a Workplace Health Promotion Program?—WhatWould You Do? 22 Key Terms 23 References 23 Chapter 2 Health Promotion Approaches, Theories, and Models Applied toWorkplace Health Promotion 27 Workplace Health Promotion Approaches 27 Health Theory’s Role in Workplace Health Promotion Programs 36 Workplace Health Promotion Program Planning Models 40 Guidelines for Choosing Approaches, Theories, and Models 45 Summary 50 For Practice and Discussion 50 Case Study: Using Health Approaches, Theory, and Models—WhatWould You Do? 50 Key Terms 51 References 52 Chapter 3 Human ResourceManagementMakes Health a Priority 53 Human Resources, the Workplace Health Promotion Program’s Gatekeeper 53 Human Resource Management and Human Resource Departments 54 Human Resource ProfessionsWith Responsibilities for Workplace Health Promotion 57 Health Insurance Benefits and Providers 63 Four Human Resource Management Actions for Quality Workplace Health Promotion Programs 66 Summary 71 For Practice and Discussion 72 Case Study: Strategic Human ResourceManagement—What Would You Do? 73 Key Terms 74 References 74 Part Two: Planning 77 Chapter 4 Program Planning and Initial Actions 79 Workplace Health Promotion Program Planning Elements and Management 79 Data Gathering Equals Needs Assessments 84 Workplace Health Readiness 88 Workplace Capacity for Health 93 Summary 99 For Practice and Discussion 99 Case Study: Program Planning Needs Assessment Challenges—WhatWould You Do? 100 Key Terms 101 References 102 Chapter 5 Assessing the Strength of Workplace Health Promotion Champions, Advocates, Culture, and Climate 105 Champions and Advocates for Workplace Health Promotion 105 Health PromotingWorkplace Culture and Climate 106 Importance of Workplace Health Policy and Procedures 113 Legal Issues in Health Policies and Procedures 117 Summary 125 For Practice and Discussion 126 Case Study: Finding Champions and Advocates—What Would You Do? 127 Key Terms 127 References 127 Chapter 6 Assessing Workplace Health Promotion Teams, Partnerships, and Collaborations 129 Teams, Partnerships, and Collaborations: A Socioecological Approach to Promote Employee and Employer Health 129 Workplace Teams 130 Partnerships: What to Look For 138 Collaborations Work at the Regional, State, National, and International Level 143 Summary 146 For Practice and Discussion 146 Case Study: Newly Promoted National Health and Safety Director—WhatWould You Do? 148 Key Terms 148 References 149 Chapter 7 Assessing Employee Health Needs and Transition to Implementation 151 Employee Health Needs Assessment Data and Sources 151 UseNeeds Assessment Results to Support andMake Program Decisions 159 What to Expect to Have and to Know at the Conclusion of the Planning Process 170 Summary 172 For Practice and Discussion 172 Case Study: Employee Participation in HRA and Biometric Screening—What Would You Do? 173 Key Terms 174 References 174 Part Three: Implementation 177 Chapter 8 Workplace Health Promotion Program Implementation Health Priority: Physical Health 179 Program Implementation: Physical Health Priority 179 Evidence-Based Physical Health Policies, Practices, Interventions, and Services 180 Factory Floor- and Office-Level Evidence-Based Physical Health Interventions and Practices 189 Physical Health Priority Implementation Challenges 191 Advocacy and Resource Partnerships and Organizations 194 Summary 196 For Practice and Discussion 196 Case Study: Walmart Corporation Health Centers—What Would You Do? 197 Key Terms 198 References 198 Chapter 9 Workplace Health Promotion Program Implementation Health Priority: Mental and Behavioral Health 201 Program Implementation: Mental and Behavioral Health Priority 201 Evidence-Based Mental and Behavioral Health Policies, Practices, Interventions, and Services 202 Factory Floor- and Office-Level Evidence-Based Mental Health Interventions and Practices 212 Mental and Behavioral Health Priority Implementation Challenges 213 Advocacy and Resource Partnerships and Organizations 216 Summary 217 For Practice and Discussion 218 Case Study: Employer and Employee Mental Health Promotion—WhatWould You Do? 219 Key Terms 220 References 220 Chapter 10 Workplace Health Promotion Program Implementation Health Priority: Physical Activity 223 Program Implementation: Physical Activity Priority 223 Evidence-Based Physical Activity Policies, Practices, Interventions, and Services 224 Factory Floor- and Office-Level Evidence-Based Physical Activity Interventions and Practices 231 Physical Activity Priority Implementation Challenges 233 Advocacy and Resource Partnerships and Organizations 236 Summary 238 For Practice and Discussion 238 Case Study: Encouraging Employees’PhysicalActivity—What Would You Do? 239 Key Terms 240 References240 Chapter 11 Workplace Health Promotion Program Implementation Health Priority: Nutrition 243 Program Implementation: Nutrition Priority 243 Evidence-Based Nutrition Policies, Practices, Interventions, and Services 244 Factory Floor- and Office-Level Evidence-Based Nutrition Interventions and Practices 252 Nutrition Implementation Challenges 254 Advocacy and Resource Partnerships and Organizations 256 Summary 258 For Practice and Discussion 259 Case Study: Nutrition Program Implementation—What Would You Do? 260 Key Terms 261 References 261 Chapter 12 Workplace Health Promotion Program Implementation Health Priority: Physically Healthy and Safe Environments 265 Physically Healthy and Safe Workplace Environments Priority 265 Evidence-Based Physically Healthy and Safe Workplace Environment Policies, Practices, Interventions, and Services 267 Factory Floor- and Office-Level Evidence-Based Physically Healthy and Safe Workplace Interventions and Practices 273 Physically Healthy and Safe Workplace Environment Priority Implementation Challenges 274 Advocacy and Resource Partnerships and Organizations 279 Summary 282 For Practice and Discussion 282 Case Study: Safety Inspector Career Guidance Unit—What Would You Do? 284 Key Terms 285 References 285 Chapter 13 Workplace Health Promotion Program Implementation Health Priority: Psychologically Healthy and Safe Environments 287 Program Implementation: Psychologically Healthy and Safe Workplace Environments Priority 287 Evidence-Based Psychologically Healthy and Safe Environment Policies, Practices, Interventions, and Services 288 Factory Floor- and Office-Level Evidenced-Based Psychologically Healthy and Safe Workplace Interventions and Practices 295 Psychologically Healthy and Safe Workplace Environment Priority Implementation Challenges 296 Advocacy and Resource Partnerships and Organizations 301 Summary 303 For Practice and Discussion 303 Case Study: Sexual Images and Videos on Employee Computer—What Would You Do? 304 Key Terms 305 References 305 Chapter 14 Workplace Health Promotion Program Implementation Health Priority: Health Education in an eHealth Environment 309 Program Implementation: Health Education Priority in an eHealth Environment 309 Evidence-Based Health Education Policies, Practices, Interventions, and Services in an eHealth Environment 311 Factory Floor- and Office-Level Evidence-Based Health Education Interventions and Practices 317 Health Education Priority Implementation Challenges in an eHealth Environment 320 Advocacy and Resource Partnerships and Organizations 324 Summary 325 For Practice and Discussion 325 Case Study: Union and Employee eHealth Concerns—What Would You Do? 326 Key Terms 327 References 327 Part Four: Evaluation 331 Chapter 15 Best Practices in Workplace Health Promotion Program Evaluation 333 Population Health Management Evaluation Framework 333 Two Main Purposes of Program Evaluation: Improvement and Accountability 336 Economic Evaluations Including Return on Investment 339 Feasible, Scalable, Sustainable, and Scientific Workplace Evaluations 346 Strategic Alignment, Innovation, and Business Intelligence and Knowledge Management 348 Summary 349 For Practice and Discussion 350 Case Study: Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act Program Evaluation Influence—WhatWould You Do? 351 Key Terms 352 References 352 Chapter 16 Big Data,Health Information Management,Health Informatics, and Workplace Health Promotion 355 Big Data forWorkplace Health Promotion 355 Health Information Management and Health Informatics Professionals: Big Data Professional Fields 360 How Big Data Can Enhance the Impact and Sustainability of Workplace Health Promotion Programs 363 Workplace Health Promotion Big Data Evaluation Challenges 364 Big Data Applications and Services forWorkplace Health Promotion 367 Summary 370 For Practice and Discussion 370 Case Study: Getting the Data You Need and Can Use—What Would You Do? 371 Key Terms 372 References 372 Part Five: Workplaces 375 Chapter 17 Small and Midsized Employers and Health Promotion 377 How Small and Midsized Employers Promote Employee Health 377 HowtoWorkWith Small and Midsized Employers to Promote Worker Health 383 Challenges and Opportunities for Small and Midsized Employer Health Promotion Programs 386 Small and Midsized Employer Workplace Health Promotion Tools and Resources 389 Summary 393 For Practice and Discussion394 Case Study: Small Business Exhaustion—WhatWould You Do? 395 Key Terms 395 References395 Chapter 18 Hospital Employee Health Promotion Programs 399 How Hospitals Promote Employee Health 399 How toWorkWith Hospitals to Promote Employee Health 401 Challenges and Opportunities for Hospital Employee Health Promotion Programs 410 Hospital Employee Health Promotion Tools and Resources 412 Summary 415 For Practice and Discussion 416 Case Study: Hospital Worker Sleep Hygiene Program—What Would You Do? 416 Key Terms 417 References 417 Chapter 19 Federal Government Employee Health Promotion 421 How the Federal Government Promotes Employee Health 421 How to Work With the Federal Government to Promote Employee Health 427 Challenges and Opportunities for Federal Employee Workplace Health Promotion Programs 432 Federal Government EmployeeWorkplace Health Promotion Tools and Resources 435 Summary 438 For Practice and Discussion 438 Case Study: Getting a Job Working at FedStrive—What Would You Do? 439 Key Terms 440 References 440 Chapter 20 School and UniversityWorkplace Employee Health Promotion 443 How Schools and Universities Promote Employee Health 443 How to Work With Schools and Universities to Promote Employee Health 447 School and UniversityWorkplace Employee Health Promotion Program Challenges and Opportunities 454 Schools and UniversityWorkplace Employee Health Promotion Tools and Resources 458 Summary 460 For Practice and Discussion 461 Case Study: Innovative Teacher and Staff Health Promotion Program Recruitment—What Would You Do? 461 Key Terms 462 References 462 Index 465

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Book SynopsisAlthough the construction and engineering sector makes important contributions to the economic, social, and environmental objectives of a nation, it has a notorious reputation for being an unsafe industry in which to work. Despite the fact that safety performance in the industry has improved, injuries and fatalities still occur frequently.Table of ContentsForeword vii Acknowledgements ix 1 Safety Management in Construction and Engineering: An Introduction 1 The importance of the industry 1 Characteristics of the construction and engineering sector 2 Why a book on strategic safety management? 6 Historical development and current trends in construction safety management 6 The book’s contents 10 References 14 2 Economics of Safety 17 Costs of construction accidents 18 Benefits of investment in safety 29 Return on investment in safety management 33 A case study on return on investment in safety risk management 35 Optimisation of investment in safety risk management 40 Evaluation of investment in safety risk management 44 Conclusions 49 References 49 3 Safety Climate and Culture 53 Safety climate 54 Safety culture 58 Safety culture maturity measurement criteria and frameworks 62 Safety culture maturity measurement instrument 65 Case studies 69 Utility of safety culture 80 Conclusions 81 References 82 4 Skills for Safety 86 An overview of the skill set 86 Conceptual skill 92 Human skill 95 Political skill 99 Technical skills 103 Skill development model 106 Skill development strategies 111 Conclusions 117 References 118 5 Safety Training and Learning 123 Training and learning defined 124 Approaches to learning: pedagogy and andragogy 124 Safety learning in construction and engineering 128 Techniques for evaluating safety training and learning 139 Case study 142 Conclusions 148 References 149 6 Safety in Design, Risk Management and BIM 152 What is safety in design? 152 Why is it necessary to implement safety in design? 155 Safety in design policies and guidelines 156 Safety risk management 160 Current issues and possible solutions 170 Case studies 172 Building information modelling (BIM) for safety in design 175 Conclusions 177 References 177 7 Research Methodology and Research–Practice Nexus 180 A typical research process 181 Research methodologies 183 Current state of play on safety research methodologies 193 Social desirability bias in research design 195 Why and how social desirability bias happens 197 Techniques for minimising social desirability bias in safety research 200 Research-practice nexus 203 Discussions 207 Assessing the relevance of research outcomes in practical application 208 Conclusions 208 References 210 8 Strategic Safety Management 214 A strategic safety management framework 215 Developing safety management strategies 216 Implementing safety management strategies 220 Evaluating safety management strategies 224 Case study 225 Conclusions 230 References 231 Bibliography 234 Index 237

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Book SynopsisDescribes how to make economic decisions regading safety in the chemical and process industries Covers both technical risk assessment and economic aspects of safety decision-making Suitable for both academic researchers and practitioners in industry Addresses cost-benefit analysis for safety investments Table of ContentsPreface xi Disclaimer xiv Acknowledgements xv List of Acronyms xvii 1 Introduction 1 1.1 The “Why” of Operational Safety 1 1.2 Back to the Future: the Economics of Operational Safety 3 1.3 Difficulties in Operational Safety Economics 4 1.4 The Field of Operational Safety within the Profitability of an Organization 5 1.5 Conclusions 6 References 7 2 Operational Risk, Operational Safety, and Economics 8 2.1 Defining the Concept of Operational Risk 8 2.2 Dealing with Operational Risks 10 2.3 Types of Operational Risk 11 2.4 The Importance of Operational Safety Economics for a Company 15 2.5 Balancing between Productivity and Safety 18 2.6 The Safety Equilibrium Situation or “HRO Safety” 19 2.6.1 HRO Principle 1: Targeted at Disturbances 20 2.6.2 HRO Principle 2: Reluctant for Simplification 21 2.6.3 HRO Principle 3: Sensitive toward Implementation 21 2.6.4 HRO Principle 4: Devoted to Resiliency 21 2.6.5 HRO Principle 5: Respectful for Expertise 22 2.7 The Egg Aggregated Model (TEAM) of Safety Culture 22 2.8 Safety Futures 24 2.9 The Controversy of Economic Analyses 25 2.10 Scientific Requirements for Adequate Economic Assessment Techniques 26 2.11 Four Categories of Data 27 2.12 Improving Decision-making Processes for Investing in Safety 28 2.13 Conclusions 29 References 30 3 Economic Foundations 31 3.1 Macroeconomics and Microeconomics 31 3.2 Safety Demand and Long-term Average Cost of Production 32 3.2.1 Safety Demand 32 3.2.2 Long-term Average Cost of Production and Safety 33 3.3 Safety Value Function 35 3.4 Expected Value Theory, Value at Risk, and Safety Attitude 37 3.4.1 Expected Value Theory 37 3.4.2 Value at Risk 38 3.4.3 Safety Attitude 39 3.5 Safety Utilities 40 3.5.1 Safety Utility Functions 40 3.5.2 Expected Utility and Certainty Equivalent 41 3.6 Measuring Safety Utility Functions 42 3.7 Preferences of Safety Management – Safety Indifference Curves 43 3.8 Measuring Safety Indifference Curves 45 3.8.1 Questionnaire-based Type I Safety Indifference Curves 45 3.8.2 Problems with Determining an Indifference Curve 48 3.8.3 Time Trade-off-based Safety Utilities for Type II Safety Indifference Curves 48 3.9 Budget Constraint and n-Dimensional Maximization Problem Formulation 50 3.10 Determining Optimal Safety Management Preferences within the Budget Constraint for a Two-dimensional Problem 52 3.11 Conclusions 54 References 54 4 Operational Safety Decision-making and Economics 55 4.1 Economic Theories and Safety Decisions 55 4.1.1 Introduction 55 4.1.2 Expected Utility Theory 56 4.1.3 Prospect Theory 56 4.1.4 Bayesian Decision Theory 60 4.1.5 Risk and Uncertainty 60 4.1.6 Making a Choice Out of a Set of Options 62 4.1.7 Impact of Affect and Emotion in the Process of Making a Choice between Alternatives 64 4.1.8 Influence of Regret and Disappointment on Decision-making 64 4.1.9 Impact of Intuition on Decision-making 65 4.1.10 Other Influences while Making Decisions 66 4.2 Making Decisions to Deal with Operational Safety 66 4.2.1 Introduction 66 4.2.2 Risk Treatment Option 1: Risk Reduction 67 4.2.3 Risk Treatment Option 2: Risk Acceptance 69 4.2.4 Risk Treatment 70 4.2.5 The “Human Aspect” of Making a Choice between Risk Treatment Alternatives 74 4.3 Safety Investment Decision-making – a Question of Costs and Benefits 76 4.3.1 Costs and Hypothetical Benefits 76 4.3.2 Prevention Benefits 78 4.3.3 Prevention Costs 78 4.4 The Degree of Safety and the Minimum Overall Cost Point 79 4.5 The Type I and Type II Accident Pyramids 83 4.6 Quick Calculation of Type I Accident Costs 85 4.6.1 Accident Metrics 86 4.6.2 A Quick Cost-estimation Approach for Type I Risks 87 4.7 Quick Calculation of Type II Accident Costs 88 4.7.1 Introduction to a Study on Type II Event Decision-making 88 4.7.2 Results of the Study on Type II Event Decision-making 90 4.7.3 Results by Gender 92 4.7.4 Rational and Intuitive Thinking Styles 92 4.7.5 Conclusions of the Study on Type II Event Decision-making 94 4.8 Costs and Benefits and the Different Types of Risk 95 4.9 Marginal Safety Utility and Decision-making 97 4.10 Risk Acceptability, Risk Criteria, and Risk Comparison – Moral Aspects and Value of (Un)safety and Value of Human Life 101 4.10.1 Risk Acceptability 101 4.10.2 Risk Criteria and Risk Comparison 104 4.10.3 Economic Optimization 110 4.10.4 Moral Aspects and Calculation of (Un)safety, Monetizing Risk and Value of Human Life 111 4.11 Safety Investment Decision-making for the Different Types of Risk 123 4.11.1 Safety Investment Decision-making in the Case of Type I Risks 123 4.11.2 Safety Investment Decision-making for Type II Risks 126 4.11.3 Calculation of the Disproportion Factor, taking Societal Acceptability of Risks into Account 130 4.12 Conclusions 142 References 142 5 Cost-Benefit Analysis 149 5.1 An Introduction to Cost-Benefit Analysis 149 5.2 Economic Concepts Related to Cost-Benefit Analyses 150 5.2.1 Opportunity Cost 150 5.2.2 Implicit Value of Safety 151 5.2.3 Consistency and Uniformity of Safety Investment Decisions 152 5.2.4 Decision Rule, Present Values, and Discount Rate 154 5.2.5 Different Cost-Benefit Ratios 157 5.3 Calculating Costs 158 5.3.1 Safety Measures 158 5.3.2 Costs of Safety Measures 158 5.4 Calculating Benefits (Avoided Accident Costs) 175 5.4.1 Distinction between Various Accident Costs 176 5.4.2 Avoided Accident Costs 178 5.4.3 Investment Analysis (Economic Concepts Related to Type I Risks) 200 5.5 The Cost of Carrying Out Cost-Benefit Analyses 201 5.6 Cost-Benefit Analysis for Type I Safety Investments 202 5.7 Cost-Benefit Analysis for Type II Safety Investments 202 5.7.1 Introduction 202 5.7.2 Quantitative Assessment Using the Disproportion Factor 204 5.7.3 Decision Model 206 5.7.4 Simulation on Illustrative Case Studies 208 5.7.5 Recommendations with Regard to Using the DF0 216 5.8 Advantages and Disadvantages of Analyses Based on Costs and Benefits 216 5.9 Conclusions 217 References 217 6 Cost-effectiveness Analysis 219 6.1 An Introduction to Cost-effectiveness Analysis 219 6.2 Cost-effectiveness Ratio 220 6.3 Cost-effectiveness Analysis Using Constraints 222 6.4 User-friendly Approach for Cost-effectiveness Analysis under Budget Constraint 223 6.4.1 Input Information 223 6.4.2 Approach Cost-effectiveness Working Procedure and Illustrative Example 225 6.4.3 Illustrative Example of the Cost-effectiveness Analysis with Safety Budget Constraint 226 6.4.4 Refinements of the Cost-effectiveness Approach 227 6.5 Cost-effectiveness Calculation Often Used in Industry 232 6.6 Cost–Utility Analysis 233 6.7 Conclusions 233 References 233 7 Beyond the State-of the Art of Operational Safety Economics: Bayesian Decision Theory 235 7.1 Introduction 235 7.2 Bayesian Decision Theory 237 7.2.1 The Criterion of Choice as a Degree of Freedom 237 7.2.2 The Proposed Criterion of Choice 240 7.2.3 The Algorithmic Steps of the Bayesian Decision Theory 241 7.3 The Allais Paradox 241 7.3.1 The Choosing of Option 1B 242 7.3.2 The Choosing of Option 2A 243 7.3.3 How to Resolve an Allais Paradox 245 7.4 The Ellsberg Paradox 245 7.5 The Difference in Riskiness Between Type I and Type II Events 247 7.5.1 Outcome Probability Distributions with Equal Expectation Values 247 7.5.2 The Risk of the Type I Event 248 7.5.3 The Risk of the Type II Event 249 7.5.4 Comparing the Risks of the Type I and Type II Events 250 7.6 Discussion 251 7.7 Conclusions 253 References 253 8 Making State-of-the-Art Economic Thinking Part of Safety Decision-making 254 8.1 The Decision-making Process for an Economic Analysis 254 8.2 Application of Cost-Benefit Analysis to Type I Risks 256 8.2.1 Safety Investment Option 1 257 8.2.2 Safety Investment Option 2 259 8.3 Decision Analysis Tree Approach 262 8.3.1 Scenario Thinking Approach 263 8.3.2 Cost Variable Approach 263 8.4 Safety Value Function Approach 267 8.5 Multi-attribute Utility Approach 270 8.6 The Borda Algorithm Approach 272 8.7 Bayesian Networks in Relation to Operational Safety Economics 274 8.7.1 Constructing a Bayesian Network 274 8.7.2 Modeling a Bayesian Network to Analyze Safety Investment Decisions 276 8.8 Limited Memory Influence Diagram (LIMID) Approach 280 8.9 Monte Carlo Simulation for Operational Safety Economics 284 8.10 Multi-criteria Analysis (MCA) in Relation to Operational Safety Economics 286 8.11 Game Theory Considerations in Relation to Operational Safety Economics 292 8.11.1 An Introduction to Game Theory 292 8.11.2 The Prisoner’s Dilemma Game 294 8.11.3 The Prisoner’s Dilemma Game Involving Many Players 295 8.12 Proving the Usefulness of a Disproportion Factor (DF) for Type II Risks: an Illustrative (Toy) Problem 297 8.12.1 The Problem of Choice 297 8.12.2 The Expected Outcome Theory Solution 298 8.12.3 The Expected Utility Solution 299 8.12.4 The Bayesian Decision Theory Solution 300 8.12.5 A Numerical Example Comparing Expected Outcome Theory, Expected Utility Theory, and Bayesian Decision Theory 302 8.12.6 Discussion of the Illustrative (Toy) Problem – Link with the Disproportion Factor 304 8.13 Decision Process for Carrying Out an Economic Analysis with Respect to Operational Safety 305 8.14 Conclusions 308 References 309 9 General Conclusions 310 Index 313

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Book SynopsisLeading to Occupational Health and Safetybrings together prominent researchers to explore the pervasive roles that leaders play indetermining the health, safety and mental well-being ofemployees in organizations. The first text to directly link organizational leadership behaviours with health and safety outcomes, covering theory, research and evidence-based best practice Argues that a leader's impact can be far more far-reaching than is commonly realized, and examines the effects of leadership on safety, physical wellness and wellbeing, and psychological wellbeing Explores the theoretical underpinnings of effective leadership styles and behaviors, and advances both research and practice in order to encourage better leadership and healthier, safer organizations Features contributions from internationally known and respected researchers including Sharon Clarke, Kara Arnold, Fred Luthans, Ståle Einarsen, Julian Barling, and Emma Donaldson-Table of ContentsNotes on Contributors viiIntroduction 1E. Kevin Kelloway, Karina Nielsen and Jennifer K. Dimoff 1 Leadership and Safety: A Self-Regulation and Social Learning Perspective 9Sharon Clarke, Sara Guediri and Allan Lee 2 Senior Management Safety Leadership Behaviour 33Kate C. Bowers, Mark Fleming and Andrea Bishop 3 Developing Safety Leadership 49Jennifer Wong, Timur Ozbilir and Jane Mullen 4 The Antecedents of Transformational Leadership and Its Consequences for Occupational Health and Safety 69Susanne Tafvelin 5 Leading to a Respectful Workplace 93Annilee M. Game 6 Leading the Psychologically Healthy Workplace: The RIGHT Way 113E. Kevin Kelloway, Samantha A. Penney and Jennifer K. Dimoff 7 Leadership and Work–Family Conflict 129Ana Isabel Sanz-Vergel and Alfredo Rodríguez-Muñoz 8 Leaders as Resources: How Managers and Supervisors Can Socially Support Employees Towards Better Mental Health and Well-Being 149Jennifer K. Dimoff and E. Kevin Kelloway 9 Destructive Forms of Leadership and Their Relationships with Employee Well-Being 163Anders Skogstad, Morten Birkeland Nielsen and Ståle Einarsen 10 Leaders Can Make or Break an Intervention – But Are They the Villains of the Piece? 197Karina Nielsen 11 Developing Positive Leadership for Employee Well-Being and Engagement 211Emma Donaldson-Feilder and Rachel Lewis 12 Mindful Leadership and Employee Well-Being: The Mediating Role of Leader Behaviours 235Megan M. Walsh and Kara A. Arnold 13 Leading and Developing Health and Safety through Collective Psychological Capital 255Julie Dyrdek Broad and Fred Luthans 14 'Choose a Job You Love, and You Will Never Have to Work a Day in your Life': A Strengths-based Leadership Approach to Optimal Functioning at Work 281Philippe Dubreuil and Jacques Forest 15 Leadership and Mental Illness: Realities and New Directions 307Erica L. Carleton and Julian Barling Index 323

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Book SynopsisA one-stop reference guide to design for safety principles and applications Design for Safety (DfSa) provides design engineers and engineering managers with a range of tools and techniques for incorporating safety into the design process for complex systems. It explains how to design for maximum safe conditions and minimum risk of accidents. The book covers safety design practices, which will result in improved safety, fewer accidents, and substantial savings in life cycle costs for producers and users. Readers who apply DfSa principles can expect to have a dramatic improvement in the ability to compete in global markets. They will also find a wealth of design practices not covered in typical engineering booksallowing them to think outside the box when developing safety requirements. Design Safety is already a high demand field due to its importance to system design and will be even more vital for engineers in multiple design disciplines as more systems become increasingly complex aTable of ContentsSeries Editor’s Foreword xvii Preface xix Acknowledgments xxiii Introduction: What You Will Learn xxv 1 Design for Safety Paradigms 1 Dev Raheja, Louis J. Gullo, and Jack Dixon 1.1 Why Design for System Safety? 1 1.1.1 What Is a System? 1 1.1.2 What Is System Safety? 2 1.1.3 Organizational Perspective 2 1.2 Reflections on the Current State of the Art 2 1.3 Paradigms for Design for Safety 3 1.3.1 Always Aim for Zero Accidents 4 1.3.2 Be Courageous and “Just Say No” 5 1.3.3 Spend Significant Effort on Systems Requirements Analysis 7 1.3.4 Prevent Accidents from Single as well as Multiple Causes 8 1.3.5 If the Solution Costs Too Much Money, Develop a Cheaper Solution 9 1.3.6 Design for Prognostics and Health Monitoring (PHM) to Minimize the Number of Surprise Disastrous Events or Preventable Mishaps 10 1.3.7 Always Analyze Structure and Architecture for Safety of Complex Systems 11 1.3.8 Develop a Comprehensive Safety Training Program to Include Handling of Systems by Operators and Maintainers 12 1.3.9 Taking No Action Is Usually Not an Acceptable Option 12 1.3.10 If You Stop Using Wrong Practices, You Are Likely to Discover the Right Practices 13 1.4 Create Your Own Paradigms 13 1.5 Summary 14 References 14 2 The History of System Safety 17 Jack Dixon 2.1 Introduction 17 2.2 Origins of System Safety 18 2.2.1 History of System Safety 19 2.2.2 Evolution of System Safety and Its Definitions 21 2.2.3 The Growth of System Safety 23 2.3 Tools of the Trade 30 2.4 Benefits of System Safety 31 2.5 System Safety Management 34 2.6 Integrating System Safety into the Business Process 34 2.6.1 Contracting for System Safety 34 References 36 Suggestions for Additional Reading 38 3 System Safety Program Planning and Management 39 Louis J. Gullo and Jack Dixon 3.1 Management of the System Safety Program 39 3.1.1 System Safety Management Considerations 40 3.1.2 Management Methods and Concepts 41 3.2 Engineering Viewpoint 44 3.2.1 Software Tools 45 3.2.2 Design Concepts and Strategy 45 3.2.3 System Development Process (SDP) 46 3.2.4 Systems Engineering V‐Model 46 3.2.5 Requirements Generation and Analysis 48 3.2.6 System Analysis 49 3.2.7 System Testing 49 3.2.8 Risk Management 50 3.3 Safety Integrated in Systems Engineering 50 3.4 Key Interfaces 51 3.5 Planning, Execution, and Documentation 52 3.5.1 System Safety Program Plan 52 3.5.2 Safety Assessment Report 58 3.5.3 Plans Related to System Safety 60 3.6 System Safety Tasks 61 References 61 Suggestions for Additional Reading 62 4 Managing Risks and Product Liabilities 63 Louis J. Gullo and Jack Dixon 4.1 Introduction 63 4.2 Risk 68 4.3 Risk Management 69 4.4 What Happens When the Paradigms for Design for Safety Are Not Followed? 71 4.5 Tort Liability 72 4.6 An Introduction to Product Liability Law 73 4.7 Famous Legal Court Cases Involving Product Liability Law 75 4.8 Negligence 77 4.9 Warnings 79 4.10 The Rush to Market and the Risk of Unknown Hazards 80 4.11 Warranty 81 4.12 The Government Contractor Defense 83 4.13 Legal Conclusions Involving Defective and Unsafe Products 84 References 85 Suggestions for Additional Reading 86 5 Developing System Safety Requirements 87 Louis J. Gullo 5.1 Why Do We Need Safety Requirements? 87 5.2 Design for Safety Paradigm 3 Revisited 89 5.3 How Do We Drive System Safety Requirements? 93 5.4 What Is a System Requirement? 94 5.4.1 Performance Specifications 96 5.4.2 Safety Requirement Specification (SRS) 98 5.5 Hazard Control Requirements 98 5.6 Developing Good Requirements 100 5.6.1 Recognize Bad Requirements 101 5.6.2 Requirements at the Top of the Issues List 102 5.6.3 Examples Good Requirements for System Safety 103 5.6.4 Negative versus Positive Requirements 104 5.7 Example of Certification and Validation Requirements for a PSDI 105 5.8 Examples of Requirements from STANAG 4404 111 5.9 Summary 113 References 114 6 System Safety Design Checklists 115 Jack Dixon 6.1 Background 115 6.2 Types of Checklists 116 6.2.1 Procedural Checklists 116 6.2.2 Observational Checklists 118 6.2.3 Design Checklists 119 6.3 Use of Checklists 122 References 123 Suggestions for Additional Reading 124 Additional Sources of Checklists 124 7 System Safety Hazard Analysis 125 Jack Dixon 7.1 Introduction to Hazard Analyses 125 7.1.1 Definition of Terms 126 7.2 Risk 126 7.3 Design Risk 127 7.3.1 Current State of the Art of Design Risk Management 127 7.3.2 Expression of Risk 127 7.3.3 Risk Management 128 7.4 Design Risk Management Methods and Hazard Analyses 135 7.4.1 Role of Hazard Analysis 135 7.5 Hazard Analysis Tools 136 7.5.1 Preliminary Hazard List 136 7.5.2 Preliminary Hazard Analysis 138 7.5.3 Subsystem Hazard Analysis (SSHA) 140 7.5.4 System Hazard Analysis (SHA) 143 7.5.5 Operating & Support Hazard Analysis (O&SHA) 145 7.5.6 Health Hazard Analysis (HHA) 148 7.6 Hazard Tracking 150 7.7 Summary 152 References 152 Suggestions for Additional Reading 152 8 Failure Modes, Effects, and Criticality Analysis for System Safety 153 Louis J. Gullo 8.1 Introduction 153 8.1.1 What Is an FMEA? 154 8.1.2 What Is an FMECA? 154 8.1.3 What Is a Single Point Failure? 155 8.1.4 Definitions 156 8.2 The Design FMECA (D‐FMECA) 156 8.3 How Are Single Point Failures Eliminated or Avoided in the Design? 158 8.4 Software Design FMECA 165 8.5 What Is a PFMECA? 172 8.5.1 What Is the Difference Between a Process FMECA and a Design FMECA? 172 8.5.2 Why PFMECAs? 173 8.5.3 Performing PFMECA, Step by Step 174 8.5.4 Performing PFMECA, Improvement Actions 180 8.5.5 Performing PFMECA and Reporting Results 181 8.6 Conclusion 182 Acknowledgments 182 References 182 Suggestions for Additional Reading 183 9 Fault Tree Analysis for System Safety 185 Jack Dixon 9.1 Background 185 9.2 What Is a Fault Tree? 186 9.2.1 Gates and Events 187 9.2.2 Definitions 187 9.3 Methodology 189 9.4 Cut Sets 193 9.5 Quantitative Analysis of Fault Trees 198 9.6 Automated Fault Tree Analysis 199 9.7 Advantages and Disadvantages 200 9.8 Example 200 9.9 Conclusion 207 References 207 Suggestions for Additional Reading 208 10 Complementary Design Analysis Techniques 209 Jack Dixon 10.1 Background 209 10.2 Discussion of Less Used Techniques 210 10.2.1 Event Tree Analysis 210 10.2.2 Sneak Circuit Analysis 213 10.2.3 Functional Hazard Analysis 217 10.2.4 Barrier Analysis 220 10.2.5 Bent Pin Analysis 222 10.3 Other Analysis Techniques 224 10.3.1 Petri Nets 225 10.3.2 Markov Analysis 225 10.3.3 Management Oversight Risk Tree (MORT) 226 10.3.4 System‐Theoretic Process Analysis 228 References 230 Suggestions for Additional Reading 230 11 Process Safety Management and Analysis 231 Jack Dixon 11.1 Background 231 11.2 Elements of Process Safety Management 232 11.3 Process Hazard Analyses 236 11.3.1 What‐If Analysis 238 11.3.2 Checklist 239 11.3.3 What‐If/Checklist Analysis 239 11.3.4 Hazard and Operability Study 239 11.3.5 Failure Modes and Effects Analysis 241 11.3.6 Fault Tree Analysis 241 11.3.7 Equivalent Methodologies 242 11.4 Other Related Regulations 242 11.4.1 US Legislation 242 11.4.2 European Directives 244 11.5 Inherently Safer Design 244 11.6 Summary 247 References 247 Suggestions for Additional Reading 248 12 System Safety Testing 249 Louis J. Gullo 12.1 Purpose of System Safety Testing 249 12.1.1 Types of System Safety Tests 250 12.2 Test Strategy and Test Architecture 252 12.3 Develop System Safety Test Plans 256 12.4 Regulatory Compliance Testing 259 12.5 The Value of PHM for System Safety Testing 265 12.5.1 Return on Investment (ROI) from PHM 266 12.5.2 Insensitive Munitions 268 12.5.3 Introduction to PHM 269 12.6 Leveraging Reliability Test Approaches for Safety Testing 271 12.7 Safety Test Data Collection 273 12.8 Test Results and What to Do with the Results 276 12.8.1 What to Do with the Test Results? 276 12.8.2 What Happens If the Test Fails? 276 12.9 Design for Testability 277 12.10 Test Modeling 277 12.11 Summary 278 References 278 13 Integrating Safety with Other Functional Disciplines 281 Louis J. Gullo 13.1 Introduction 281 13.1.1 Key Interfaces for Systems Safety Engineering 282 13.1.2 Cross‐Functional Team 283 13.1.3 Constant Communication 285 13.1.4 Digital World 285 13.1.5 Friend or Foe 286 13.2 Raytheon’s Code of Conduct 288 13.3 Effective Use of the Paradigms for Design for Safety 290 13.4 How to Influence People 293 13.5 Practice Emotional Intelligence 295 13.6 Practice Positive Deviance to Influence People 299 13.7 Practice “Pay It Forward” 301 13.8 Interfaces with Customers 303 13.9 Interfaces with Suppliers 304 13.10 Five Hats for Multi‐Disciplined Engineers (A Path Forward) 304 13.11 Conclusions 306 References 306 14 Design for Reliability Integrated with System Safety 307 Louis J. Gullo 14.1 Introduction 307 14.2 What Is Reliability? 308 14.3 System Safety Design with Reliability Data 312 14.4 How Is Reliability Data Translated to Probability of Occurrence? 316 14.5 Verification of Design for Safety Including Reliability Results 322 14.6 Examples of Design for Safety with Reliability Data 323 14.7 Conclusions 327 Acknowledgment 328 References 328 15 Design for Human Factors Integrated with System Safety 329 Jack Dixon and Louis J. Gullo 15.1 Introduction 329 15.2 Human Factors Engineering 331 15.3 Human‐Centered Design 331 15.4 Role of Human Factors in Design 332 15.4.1 Hardware 332 15.4.2 Software 334 15.4.3 Human–Machine Interface 336 15.4.4 Manpower Requirements 336 15.4.5 Workload 337 15.4.6 Personnel Selection and Training 337 15.5 Human Factors Analysis Process 337 15.5.1 Purpose of Human Factors Analysis 337 15.5.2 Methods of Human Factors Analysis 338 15.6 Human Factors and Risk 338 15.6.1 Risk‐Based Approach to Human Systems Integration 338 15.6.2 Human Error 344 15.6.3 Types of Human Error 345 15.6.4 Mitigation of Human Error 346 15.6.5 Design for Error Tolerance 347 15.7 Checklists 347 15.8 Testing to Validate Human Factors in Design 350 Acknowledgment 350 References 350 Suggestions for Additional Reading 351 16 Software Safety and Security 353 Louis J. Gullo 16.1 Introduction 353 16.2 Definitions of Cybersecurity and Software Assurance 358 16.3 Software Safety and Cybersecurity Development Tasks 368 16.4 Software FMECA 373 16.5 Examples of Requirements for Software Safety 374 16.6 Example of Numerical Accuracy Where 2 + 2 = 5 377 16.7 Conclusions 378 Acknowledgments 378 References 378 17 Lessons Learned 381 Jack Dixon, Louis J. Gullo, and Dev Raheja 17.1 Introduction 381 17.2 Capturing Lessons Learned Is Important 382 17.3 Analyzing Failure 383 17.4 Learn from Success and from Failure 385 17.5 Near Misses 387 17.5.1 Examples of Near Misses That Ended in Disaster 388 17.6 Continuous Improvement 392 17.7 Lessons Learned Process 395 17.8 Lessons Learned Examples 396 17.8.1 Automobile Industry Lessons Learned from the Takata Airbag Recall 396 17.8.2 Automobile Industry Lessons Learned from the 2014 GM Recall 398 17.8.3 Medical Safety 406 17.8.4 Hoist Systems 411 17.8.5 Internet of Things 413 17.8.6 Explosion in Florida 415 17.8.7 ARCO Channelview Explosion 417 17.8.8 Terra Industries Ammonium Nitrate Explosion 418 17.9 Summary 418 References 419 Suggestions for Additional Reading 421 18 Special Topics on System Safety 423 Louis J. Gullo and Jack Dixon 18.1 Introduction 423 18.1.1 Why Are Many Commercial Air Transport Systems Safe? 424 18.1.2 How Many Aircraft In‐Flight Accidents and Fatalities Occur in Recent Times and over History? 425 18.2 Airworthiness and Flight Safety 431 18.3 Statistical Data Comparison Between Commercial Air Travel and Motor Vehicle Travel 432 18.3.1 How Many Motor Vehicle Accidents Occurred Recently and in the Past? 432 18.3.2 When Do Systems Improve Safety? 433 18.4 Safer Ground Transportation Through Autonomous Vehicles 435 18.5 The Future of Commercial Space Travel 438 18.6 Summary 441 References 442 Appendix A: Hazards Checklist 443 Reference 449 Appendix B: System Safety Design Verification Checklist 451 Reference 472 Index 473

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Book SynopsisMaster the art of getting what you need with a more collaborative approach to negotiation Quantum Negotiation is a handbook for getting what you need using a mindset and behaviors based on a refreshingly expansive perspective on negotiation. Rather that viewing every negotiation as an antagonistic and combative relationship, this book shows you how to move beyond the traditional pseudo win-win to construct a deal in which all parties get what they need. By exploring who we are as negotiators in the context of social conditioning, this model examines the cognitive, psychological, social, physical, and spiritual aspects of negotiation to help you produce more sustainable, prosperous, and satisfying agreements. We often think of negotiation as taking place in a boardroom, a car dealership, or any other contract-centered situation; in reality, we are negotiating every time we ask for something we need or want. Building more robust negotiation behaviors that resonate beyond the boardroomTable of ContentsAcknowledgments vii The Authors ix Foreword xi Introduction: What Comes to Mind When You Think of Negotiation? xv PART I Quantum Negotiation Practice 1 Chapter 1 The WHO & WHY of Quantum Negotiation 3 Chapter 2 The WHAT & WHAT IF of Quantum Negotiation 31 Chapter 3 The HOW of Quantum Negotiation 49 PART II Quantum Negotiation Tools 77 PART III Quantum Negotiation Mindset 91 Chapter 4 Independence Is a Powerful Illusion 93 Chapter 5 What You See Is Not What You Get 111 Chapter 6 Leading Is Not about the Leader 137 Conclusion 147 QN References and Further Reading 151 Index 157

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Book SynopsisThis handbook invites readers who are interested in mediation, negotiation and conflict resolution to share the perspectives of experts in the field. Contributors include scholars, mediators, trainers and negotiators, all of whom are passionate about their work. Emphasises both internal and external factors as important sources of influence when negotiating conflicts. Explores the cultural and institutional frameworks that have shaped intervention processes. Considers what techniques might work when, how and why. Demonstrates the sophistication of contemporary studies of mediation, negotiation and conflict resolution. Trade Review"Margaret Herrman and her team have done an admirable job of sorting through what we know and what we don't know about the mediation of interpersonal disputes. They have built a comprehensive model integrating dozens of pertinent variables that seeks to link antecedent conditions, mediation practice, and short and long-term outcomes. Herrman has assembled contributions from many of the stars in the mediation field who examine the comprehensive model through the lens of framing and frame reflection, narrative, facework, interpersonal power, emotion, Social identity and organizational management. The Handbook of Mediation while not prescriptive, offers a 'platform for further theory testing' that will surely play an important part in helping to determine what makes mediators and mediations program effective." Lawrence Susskind, MIT-Harvard "The Blackwell Handbook of Mediation is an enormously important contribution to research, scholarship, and reflective practice. In a field marked by a vast range of intellectual traditions and arenas of practice, Margaret Herrman and her contributors have given us an indispensable resource and guide. - erudite, balanced, and respectful of dissenting perspectives." Kenneth Kressel, Rutgers University "Peggy Herrman's book is a solid presentation of the best current thinking and research in our changing field. She has done brilliantly what good mediators do: present the different perspectives, define the issues, and ask, "where do we go from here?" Betty McManus, National Conflict Resolution Center "Judging from the quality of the contributions to the Handbook, Herrman's model is a smashing success."-- Howard Gadlin, in the AAA Dispute Resolution JournalTable of ContentsAcknowledgements. Notes on Contributors.. Part I; Setting the Stage for a Dialog. 1. Introduction(Margaret S. Herrman). 2. Mediation from Beginning to End: A Testable Model (Margaret S. Herrman, Nancy Hollett, and Jerry Gale). Part II: Mediation and Negotiation Set in Their Contextual Frames. 3. Examining Mediation in Context: Toward Understanding Variations in Mediation Programs (Craig McEwen). 4. Policy, Practice, and Politics: Bargaining in the Shadow of Whitehall (Janet Walker and Sherrill Hayes). 5. The Role of Antecedent and Procedural Characteristics in Mediation: A Review of the Research (Roselle L. Willer). 6. Applying the Comprehensive Model to Workplace Mediation Research (Brian Polkinghorn and E. Patrick McDermott). 7. Restorative Justice Mediated Dialog (Mark S. Umbreit and Robert B. Coates). Part III: Exploring Powerful Internal Dynamics. 8. Mediation as Framing and Framing within Mediation (Barbara Gray). 9. Does the Model Overarch ten Narrative Stream (John M. Winslade and Gerald D. Monk). 10. A Facework Frame for Mediation (Stephen Littlejohn and Kathy Domenici). 11. Mediation and the Forfold Model of Justice (Donald E. Conlon). 12. The Dynamics of Power in Child Custody Mediation (Donald T. Saposnek). 13. Emotion in Mediation: Implications, Applications, Opportunities and Challenges 9Tricia S. Jones). Part IV: Extensions. 14. Preempting Disaster: Pre-Mediation Strategies to Deal with Strong Emotions (Danile L. Shapiro). 15. The Meaning of "Social" in Interpersonal Conflict and its Resolution (Sandra Schruijer and Leopold S. Vansina). 16. Manger as Mediator: Developing a Conflict-Positive Organization Dean Tjosvlod and Fang Su). 17. Mediation and Difficult Conflicts (Morton Deutsch). 18. Enhancing Mediator Artistry: Multiple Frames, Spirit, and Reflection in Action Neil H. Katz). 19. Of Time and the River: Notes on the Herman, Hollett, and Gale Model of Mediation (Kevin Avruch). 20. Mediation at the Millennium (Dean G. Pruitt). 21. A Trainer Responds to the Model 9Zena D. Zumeta). 22. Conclusion (Margaret S. Herrman). Index of Citations. General Index.

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Book SynopsisThe Construction (Design and Management) Regulations 2007 (CDM Regulations 2007) is a revision of a major piece of legislation within the wide portfolio of construction-related legislation. It seeks to improve the long term health and safety performance of the UK construction industry, with ownership of health and safety proactively undertaken by the integrated project team. Good design has always embraced health and safety issues and design teams remain essential players as well as key contributors and communicators in matters of health and safety management. Designers have a legal responsibility to ensure that their designs account for health and safety at all stages within the holistic envelope of construction. Design Risk Management: Contribution to Health and Safety gives detailed guidance to construction practitioners with design responsibility on how to identify and manage health and safety risks, and on the design strategies to be followed. It seeks to focus oTrade Review"This excellent publication, which is full of diagrams and tables (and written in a somewhat idiosyncratic way - and none the worse for that) is a mine of information, especially for those who have only ever read about the CDM Regs from the construction worker's viewpoint." (RoSPA Occupational Safety & Health Journal, 1 March 2011)Table of Contents1 Introduction. Table 1.1 Design failures. 1.1 Major design failures in British history. 1.2 Additional Reports (The Bragg Report and HSE Research. Report ) into design failure. Table 1.2 Principal recommendations of the Bragg Committee. Table 1.3 Contributory factors to historical failures. 2 Project risk management and design risk management. 2.1 Key players in project management. 2.2 Stages of the contract and their achievement. Table 2.1 CDM duty holder actions. 3 Construction-related health and safety legislation. 3.1 Approved code of practice and guidance. 3.2 Health and Safety at Work, etc. Act. 3.3 The Management of Health and Safety at Work. Regulations. 3.4 The Workplace (Health, Safety and Welfare) Regulations. 3.5 The Manual Handling Operations Regulations. 3.6 The Confi ned Spaces Regulations. 3.7 The Work at Height Regulations. 3.8 The Control of Vibration at Work Regulations. 3.9 The Control of Noise at Work Regulations. 3.10 The Control of Substances Hazardous to Health. Regulations (amended). 4 The CDM process. 4.1 Timing. 4.2 Pre-construction information. Figure .1 Holistic diagram of the construction process. 4.3 Construction phase plan. 4.4 Health and safety file. Figure .2 Systems approach. Table 4.1 Applicable regulations for duty holder compliance. Table 4.2 Construction (Design and Management) Regulations. 5 Role of the designer. 5.1 Who are designers? Figure 5.1 The designer’s duties. Table 5.1a Designer duties (all projects). Table 5.1b Designer duties (additional duties on notifiable projects). 6 The design risk management process. 6.1 Additional interfaces. 6.2 Design change. 7 Documentation. Table 7.1 Risk assessment methods. Table 7.2 Examples of potential hazards for designers to consider. 7.1 Red, amber and green lists. Table 7.3 Design risk assessment. Figure 7.1 Example of a design risk assessment proforma. Figure 7.2 Annotated notes (health and safety) on drawing. Figure7 .3 Hazard management register and design risk assessment. 7.2 Project (health and safety) risk register. Table 7.4 Project risk register (health and safety). 7.3 Design philosophy statements. 8 Information flow. Table 8.1 Communication links. 8.1 Pre-construction information. Figure 8.1 Information flow. Figure 8.2 Design interface with other duty holders. 8.2 Construction phase plan. 8.3 Health and safety file. Table 8.2 Design information for the health and safety file. Figure 8.3 Planning/programming integration. Appendix One: Roadmap. Appendix Two: References and bibliography. Appendix Three: Web page directory. Appendix Four: Workplace (Health, Safety and Welfare) Regulations. Appendix Five: Design checklist. Appendix Six: Riba Outline Plan of Work (November revision). Index. Colour plate section.

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Book SynopsisConstruction Safety Management by Tim Howarth and Paul Watson The construction industry is a global, dynamic and innovative industry that delivers buildings and infrastructure for all aspects of commercial and domestic activity. This dynamic and innovative industry is faced with safety challenges on a project by project and day to day basis.Trade Review“Notwithstanding this, the book presents a very helpful ‘one-stop-shop’ for construction OHS information relevant to the UK. It presents good value and would be a very useful prescribed textbook for UK-based undergraduate courses for the built environment professions.” (Construction Management and Economics, 1 February 2010) "[Howarth and Watson] are in prime position to write an authorative and comprehensive book with the express purpose of supporting the study of health and safety on professionally accredited undergraduate built environment degree programmes. And they succeed in this aim admirably." (RoSPA Occupational Safety & Health Bulletin, April 2009) "This book … will stand the test of time¯it is a book that the owner would refer to frequently and richly deserves its place on your book shelf at home or in the office and certainly should be in the library of colleges." (Building Engineer, February 2009)Table of ContentsList of Abbreviations viii Introduction ix 1 Issues Related to the Safety Performance of the UK Construction Industry 1 Learning objectives 1 Introduction 1 Safety performance 2 Supporting health and safety success in UK industries – the HSC and the HSE 3 The reporting and recording of injuries, diseases and dangerous occurrences 3 Standardisation of reported accident statistics 9 Exploring the safety record of the UK construction industry 10 Campaign to revitalise health and safety in the UK construction industry 20 Summary 20 References 21 Self-assessment questions 22 2 The Legal Framework and Enforcement of Construction Health and Safety 23 Learning objectives 23 The legal framework of UK construction health and safety law 23 Complying with health and safety law – fulfilling duties 28 Enforcement of health and safety law within the UK 29 Summary 38 References 39 Self-assessment questions 40 3 UK Construction Health and Safety Law 41 Learning objectives 41 Introduction 42 Key duties imposed by the act relating to the safeguarding of health and safety standards 44 Statutory instruments – regulations 52 Summary 53 References 53 Self-assessment questions 54 4 The Construction (Design & Management) Regulations 2007 55 Learning objectives 55 Introduction to the regulations 56 The structure and content of the regulations 57 Delivering notifiable construction projects 65 The duties of parties to a construction project imposed by CDM 2007 70 The requirement for welfare facilities on construction projects 78 Further information on CDM 2007 79 Summary 79 References 80 Self-assessment questions 81 5 Key Site Health and Safety Hazards and Control Measures 82 Learning objectives 82 Hazard management in practice 82 Identifying hazards 83 A ‘register’ of common site hazards 84 Construction site hazards presented by the local environment 85 Construction site hazards presented by work activities 87 Construction site hazards presented by a deficiency in people’s knowledge, attitude and behaviour 89 Construction site hazards presented by the movement of people, plant and machinery 90 Construction site hazards presented by materials 92 Summary 94 References 95 Self-assessment questions 96 6 Principles and Practice of Health and Safety Risk Assessment 97 Learning objectives 97 Definition of risk (in a safety context) 97 Duty to carry out risk assessments 99 Undertaking risk assessment 100 Evaluation of risk 101 Prevention and protective measures 106 Summary 106 References 109 Self-assessment questions 110 7 Managing for Health and Wellbeing 111 Learning objectives 111 Introduction 111 Examples of reportable ill health 112 Occupational ill health record and goals 113 The legal requirement for health and welfare provision 113 Managing for occupational health 116 Occupational health management strategy 116 Challenges to the delivery of effective health management in the construction industry 119 Summary 120 Reference 120 Self-assessment questions 121 8 The (Principal) Contractor’s Health and Safety Management System 122 Learning objectives 122 Introduction 122 The essential elements of a successful health and safety management system 123 The principal contractor’s health and safety management system 124 Summary 146 References 146 Self-assessment questions 147 9 Promoting a Positive Health and Safety Culture 148 Learning objectives 148 Introduction 148 Defining safety culture 149 Models of health and safety culture 151 Reviewing and enhancing the safety culture of an organisation or project 153 Considering the ‘human factors’ of safety culture 154 Initiatives and management tools for promoting a positive safety culture 155 Taking action to improving safety culture 160 Summary 163 References 163 Self-assessment questions 165 Appendix 1 An Example of a Site Induction Presentation 166 Appendix 2 Self-Assessment Questions and Answers 176 Subject Index 199

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Book SynopsisA history of the largest union in the AFL-CIO and its growth in a major American cityTrade Review"This is arguably the most enlightening study of a municipal union movement yet written. AFSCME'S Philadelphia Story should become required reading for anyone who seeks to understand the rise of public sector unionism in post-World War II America and its intersection with urban politics and the movement for racial equality. By bringing these subjects together in one narrative, this book makes an indispensable contribution to the literature of recent American labor history." -Joseph A. McCartin, Associate Professor of History, Georgetown University.Table of ContentsAcknowledgments Introduction 1. Ward Politics and Municipal Labor in Philadelphia in the 1920s 2. The Founding of the Municipal Workers Union 3. Forging Municipal Unionism in Philadelphia, 1939-1945 4. The Challenge of Reform, 1946-1952 5. Working for America's City, 1952-1961 6. The New Militancy in Philadelphia 7. The Stout Era, 1970-1986 8. Philadelphia Municipal Workers in a Global Age Appendix: AFSCME Membership Notes Bibliography Index

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Book SynopsisA history of the largest union in the AFL-CIO and its growth in a major American city.Trade Review"This is arguably the most enlightening study of a municipal union movement yet written. AFSCME'S Philadelphia Story should become required reading for anyone who seeks to understand the rise of public sector unionism in post-World War II America and its intersection with urban politics and the movement for racial equality. By bringing these subjects together in one narrative, this book makes an indispensable contribution to the literature of recent American labor history." -Joseph A. McCartin, Associate Professor of History, Georgetown University.Table of ContentsAcknowledgments Introduction 1. Ward Politics and Municipal Labor in Philadelphia in the 1920s 2. The Founding of the Municipal Workers Union 3. Forging Municipal Unionism in Philadelphia, 1939-1945 4. The Challenge of Reform, 1946-1952 5. Working for America's City, 1952-1961 6. The New Militancy in Philadelphia 7. The Stout Era, 1970-1986 8. Philadelphia Municipal Workers in a Global Age Appendix: AFSCME Membership Notes Bibliography Index

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Book SynopsisContributes a deeper understanding of the changing nature of American labour.Trade Review"Besen-Cassino counters conventional wisdom that young people take undesirable service-sector jobs only because they need the money... The author also offers a critical look at how youth turn to the workplace to fill gaps left by their impersonal educational institutions and at how workforce disparities based on race, gender, and class have their roots in workers' early experiences... VERDICT [T]his engaging read will appeal to scholars of the sociology of work, as well as some high school and college students and their teachers, mentors, and parents. It could also be of great use to those who hire millennials or who work to help economically disadvantaged young people." - Library Journal "Topics include motivations for part-time work among otherwise affluent youth" - Chronicle of Higher EducationTable of ContentsAcknowledgments 1 Consuming Work: Introduction to Youth Work in America 2 “Would You Like an Application with Your Coffee?” 3 Fun or Exploitation? The Lived Experience of Suburban Youth Work 4 Pay or Play? The Youth Labor Force in the United States and Other Industrialized Countries 5 “They Need Me Here”: Work as a Perceived Alternative to School 6 “White, Young, Middle Class”: Aesthetic Labor, Race, and Class in the Youth Labor Force 7 Origins of the Gender Wage Gap: Gender Inequality in the Youth Labor Force 8 Conclusion: The Economic Recession and the Future of Youth Labor Appendix: Notes on Methodology References Index

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Book SynopsisContributes a deeper understanding of the changing nature of American labour.Trade Review"Besen-Cassino counters conventional wisdom that young people take undesirable service-sector jobs only because they need the money... The author also offers a critical look at how youth turn to the workplace to fill gaps left by their impersonal educational institutions and at how workforce disparities based on race, gender, and class have their roots in workers' early experiences... VERDICT [T]his engaging read will appeal to scholars of the sociology of work, as well as some high school and college students and their teachers, mentors, and parents. It could also be of great use to those who hire millennials or who work to help economically disadvantaged young people." - Library Journal "Topics include motivations for part-time work among otherwise affluent youth." - Chronicle of Higher EducationTable of ContentsAcknowledgments 1 Consuming Work: Introduction to Youth Work in America 2 “Would You Like an Application with Your Coffee?” 3 Fun or Exploitation? The Lived Experience of Suburban Youth Work 4 Pay or Play? The Youth Labor Force in the United States and Other Industrialized Countries 5 “They Need Me Here”: Work as a Perceived Alternative to School 6 “White, Young, Middle Class”: Aesthetic Labor, Race, and Class in the Youth Labor Force 7 Origins of the Gender Wage Gap: Gender Inequality in the Youth Labor Force 8 Conclusion: The Economic Recession and the Future of Youth Labor Appendix: Notes on Methodology References Index

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Book SynopsisTells the continuous story of queer American workers from the mid-1960s through 2013. This book chronicles the evolution of labor politics with queer activism and identity formation, showing how unions began affirming the rights of lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender workers in the 1970s and 1980s.Table of Contents Acknowledgments A Brief Chronology of LGBT Labor History, 1965–2013 Prologue: Love and Work and Queer Survival I Coming Out 1 From Construction to Couture: Coming Out in Unionized Workplaces 2 Outsiders as Insiders: Sexual Diversity and Union Leadership II Coalition Politics 3 From Common Enemies to Common Causes: The Labor Movement and the Gay Movement in Action and Coalition 4 The Heart of the Matter: Union Politics, Queer Issues, and the Life of the Local III Conflict and Transformation 5 Organizing the Gay Unorganized: Talking Union, Talking Queer Epilogue: When Connie Married Phyllis Notes Bibliography

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Book SynopsisOut in the Union tells the continuous story of queer American workers from the mid-1960s through 2013. Miriam Frank shrewdly chronicles the evolution of labor politics with queer activism and identity formation, showing how unions began affirming the rights of lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender workers in the 1970s and 1980s. She documents coming out on the job and in the union as well as issues of discrimination and harassment, and the creation of alliances between unions and LGBT communities. Featuring in-depth interviews with LGBT and labor activists, Frank provides an inclusive history of the convergence of labor and LGBT interests. She carefully details how queer caucuses in local unions introduced domestic partner benefits and union-based AIDS education for health care workers-innovations that have been influential across the U.S. workforce. Out in the Union also examines organizing drives at queer workplaces, campaigns for marriage equality, and other gay civil rights issuTable of Contents Acknowledgments A Brief Chronology of LGBT Labor History, 1965–2013 Prologue: Love and Work and Queer Survival I Coming Out 1 From Construction to Couture: Coming Out in Unionized Workplaces 2 Outsiders as Insiders: Sexual Diversity and Union Leadership II Coalition Politics 3 From Common Enemies to Common Causes: The Labor Movement and the Gay Movement in Action and Coalition 4 The Heart of the Matter: Union Politics, Queer Issues, and the Life of the Local III Conflict and Transformation 5 Organizing the Gay Unorganized: Talking Union, Talking Queer Epilogue: When Connie Married Phyllis Notes Bibliography

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Book SynopsisThe United States remains the only industrialized nation in the world that does not provide paid family leave at the national level for either men or women. In the more than two decades since the passage of the Family and Medical Leave Act, there have been numerous unsuccessful attempts to expand family leave benefits nationally. However, in the United States, it is common for innovations in family policies to arise at the state level. In her timely book, Getting Paid While Taking Time, Megan Sholar explains the development of family leave policies at both the national and state levels in the United States. She provides cogent studies of states that have passed and proposed family leave legislation, and she pays special attention to the ways in which women's movement actors and other activists (e.g., labor unions) exert pressure on public officials to help influence the policymaking process. In her conclusion, Sholar considers the future of paid family leave policies in the United StTable of ContentsChapter 1: Women’s Movements and the Passage of Family Leave Policies Chapter 2: The Passage of the National Family and Medical Leave Act (FMLA) Chapter 3: From the FMLA to the FAMILY Act: Family Leave Policy at the National Level since 1993 Chapter 4: Success in the States: Paid Family Leave in California, New Jersey, Rhode Island, and New York Chapter 5: When Paid Family Leave Fails to Pass in the States: Washington, Oregon, Massachusetts, and Hawaii Chapter 6: The Future of Family Leave in the United States

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Book SynopsisTable of ContentsChapter 1: Women’s Movements and the Passage of Family Leave Policies Chapter 2: The Passage of the National Family and Medical Leave Act (FMLA) Chapter 3: From the FMLA to the FAMILY Act: Family Leave Policy at the National Level since 1993 Chapter 4: Success in the States: Paid Family Leave in California, New Jersey, Rhode Island, and New York Chapter 5: When Paid Family Leave Fails to Pass in the States: Washington, Oregon, Massachusetts, and Hawaii Chapter 6: The Future of Family Leave in the United States

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Book SynopsisThe International Workers Order was an American consortium of ethnic mutual self-insurance societies that advocated for unemployment insurance, Social Security and vibrant industrial unions. This interracial leftist organization guaranteed the healthcare of its 180,000 white, black, Hispanic and Arabic working-class members. But what accounted for the popularityand eventual notorietyof this Order? Mining extensive primary sources, Robert Zecker gives voice to the workers inA Road to Peace and Freedom.He describes the group's economic goals, commitment to racial justice, and activism, from lobbying to end segregation and lynching in America to defeating fascism abroad. Zecker also illustrates the panoply of entertainment, sports, and educational activities designed to cultivate the minds and bodies of members. However, the IWO was led by Communists, and the Order was targeted for red-baiting during the Cold War, subject to government surveillance, and ultimately liquidated. Zecker exTrade Review"This thoroughly researched, detailed study of the International Workers Order (IWO) tells an important story of the narrowing possibilities of voluntary associations and political discourse resulting from the rampant governmental anticommunism between the 1930s and the1950s.... Zecker has illuminated an important story, and we are in his debt for the superb research and clear writing of his account."--Journal ofAmerican History

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Book SynopsisThe International Workers Order was an American consortium of ethnic mutual self-insurance societies that advocated for unemployment insurance, Social Security and vibrant industrial unions. This interracial leftist organization guaranteed the healthcare of its 180,000 white, black, Hispanic and Arabic working-class members. But what accounted for the popularityand eventual notorietyof this Order? Mining extensive primary sources, Robert Zecker gives voice to the workers inA Road to Peace and Freedom.He describes the group's economic goals, commitment to racial justice, and activism, from lobbying to end segregation and lynching in America to defeating fascism abroad. Zecker also illustrates the panoply of entertainment, sports, and educational activities designed to cultivate the minds and bodies of members. However, the IWO was led by Communists, and the Order was targeted for red-baiting during the Cold War, subject to government surveillance, and ultimately liquidated. Zecker exTrade Review"This thoroughly researched, detailed study of the International Workers Order (IWO) tells an important story of the narrowing possibilities of voluntary associations and political discourse resulting from the rampant governmental anticommunism between the 1930s and the1950s.... Zecker has illuminated an important story, and we are in his debt for the superb research and clear writing of his account."--Journal ofAmerican History

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Book SynopsisArguing that teachers' unions are working in community to re-invigorate the collective pursuit of reforms beneficial to both educators and public educationTrade Review“In A Collective Pursuit, Lesley Lavery dismantles the dubious but durable narrative that teachers’ unions are selfish and anachronistic. Using instructive case studies from Minnesota, she explains why charter school teachers are seeking greater voice through a union and why traditional public school teachers are bargaining for the common good. Through engaging stories, Lavery lays out a powerful vision for how teachers and their unions can strengthen our democracy and better help students succeed.”—Richard D. Kahlenberg, Senior Fellow, The Century Foundation, and author of Tough Liberal: Albert Shanker and the Battles Over Schools, Unions, Race, and Democracy

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Book SynopsisArguing that teachers' unions are working in community to re-invigorate the collective pursuit of reforms beneficial to both educators and public educationTrade Review“In A Collective Pursuit, Lesley Lavery dismantles the dubious but durable narrative that teachers’ unions are selfish and anachronistic. Using instructive case studies from Minnesota, she explains why charter school teachers are seeking greater voice through a union and why traditional public school teachers are bargaining for the common good. Through engaging stories, Lavery lays out a powerful vision for how teachers and their unions can strengthen our democracy and better help students succeed.”—Richard D. Kahlenberg, Senior Fellow, The Century Foundation, and author of Tough Liberal: Albert Shanker and the Battles Over Schools, Unions, Race, and Democracy

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Book SynopsisIn the 1930s, the unemployed were organizing. Jobless workers felt they were entitled to a new kind of government protectionthe protection from undeserved unemployment and the financial straits that such unemployment created. They wanted dignified forms of relief (including work relief) during the Depression, and unemployment insurance after. Becoming Entitled artfully chronicles the emergence of this worker entitlement and the people who cultivated it. Abigail Trollinger focuses largely on Chicago after the Progressive Era, where the settlement house and labor movements both flourished. She shows how reformers joined workers and relief officials to redeem the unemployed and secure government-funded social insurance for them. Becoming Entitled also offers a critical reappraisal of New Deal social and economic changes, suggesting that the transformations of the 1930s came from reformers in the middle, who helped establish a limited form of entitlement for workers. Ultimately, Trolli

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Book SynopsisHow do public employees win and lose their collective bargaining rights? And how can public sector labor unions protect those rights? These are the questions answered in From Collective Bargaining to Collective Begging. Dominic Wells takes a mixed-methods approach and uses more than five decades of state-level data to analyze the expansion and restriction of rights. Wells identifies the factors that led states to expand collective bargaining rights to public employees, and the conditions under which public employee labor unions can defend against unfavorable state legislation. He presents case studies and coalition strategies from Ohio and Wisconsin to demonstrate how labor unions failed to protect their rights in one state and succeeded in another.From Collective Bargaining to Collective Begging also provides a comprehensive quantitative analysis of the economic, political, and cultural factors that both led states to adopt policies that reduced the obstacles to unionization and also

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Book SynopsisHow do public employees win and lose their collective bargaining rights? And how can public sector labor unions protect those rights? These are the questions answered in From Collective Bargaining to Collective Begging. Dominic Wells takes a mixed-methods approach and uses more than five decades of state-level data to analyze the expansion and restriction of rights. Wells identifies the factors that led states to expand collective bargaining rights to public employees, and the conditions under which public employee labor unions can defend against unfavorable state legislation. He presents case studies and coalition strategies from Ohio and Wisconsin to demonstrate how labor unions failed to protect their rights in one state and succeeded in another.From Collective Bargaining to Collective Begging also provides a comprehensive quantitative analysis of the economic, political, and cultural factors that both led states to adopt policies that reduced the obstacles to unionization and also

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Book SynopsisReveals how distinct cultural environments shape the patterns of gender inequalityTrade Review“Gendered Places offers the first sustained, nationally representative analysis of local gender cultures in the United States. While cross country differences have been well documented, Scarborough provides a long-overdue accounting of variability in gender beliefs within the United States. He makes a strong case that places (commuting zones) within the United States vary in their gender norms, that this variation cannot be captured on a single traditional-to-egalitarian continuum, and that the observed spatial differences have real consequences.” —Maria Charles, Professor of Sociology at the University of California, Santa Barbara, and coauthor of Occupational Ghettos: The Worldwide Segregation of Women and Men“Gendered Places attends to a crucial but understudied dimension of place culture: how people understand gender and how that matters for their lives and livelihoods. With careful research and engaging prose, Scarborough reveals the complex and sometimes surprising ways that gender works across cities and regions. Who lives in a place matters—but the story is not so simple. Nor are the stakes, for as Scarborough details, local gender norms have real implications for both the perpetuation and dismantling of inequalities.” —Krista E. Paulsen, Associate Professor of Urban Studies and Community Development at Boise State University, and coauthor of Introduction to Cities: How Place and Space Shape Human Experience"Scarborough's findings can be extrapolated and make an important contribution to the literature on gender inequality and, specifically, the gender wage gap. Summing Up: Recommended."—Choice

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Book SynopsisEvery place has its quirky attributes, cultural reputation, and distinctive flair. But when we travel across America, do we also experience distinct gender norms and expectations? In his groundbreaking Gendered Places, William Scarborough examines metropolitan commuting zones to see how each region’s local culture reflects gender roles and gender equity. He uses surveys and social media data to measure multiple dimensions of gender norms, including expectations toward women in leadership, attitudes toward working mothers, as well as the division of household labor.Gendered Places reveals that different locations, even within the same region of the country, such as Milwaukee and Madison Wisconsin, have distinct gender norms and highly influential cultural environments. Scarboroughshows how these local norms shape the attitudes and behaviors of residents with implications on patterns of inequality such as the gender wage gap. His findings offer valuabTrade Review“Gendered Places offers the first sustained, nationally representative analysis of local gender cultures in the United States. While cross country differences have been well documented, Scarborough provides a long-overdue accounting of variability in gender beliefs within the United States. He makes a strong case that places (commuting zones) within the United States vary in their gender norms, that this variation cannot be captured on a single traditional-to-egalitarian continuum, and that the observed spatial differences have real consequences.” —Maria Charles, Professor of Sociology at the University of California, Santa Barbara, and coauthor of Occupational Ghettos: The Worldwide Segregation of Women and Men“Gendered Places attends to a crucial but understudied dimension of place culture: how people understand gender and how that matters for their lives and livelihoods. With careful research and engaging prose, Scarborough reveals the complex and sometimes surprising ways that gender works across cities and regions. Who lives in a place matters—but the story is not so simple. Nor are the stakes, for as Scarborough details, local gender norms have real implications for both the perpetuation and dismantling of inequalities.” —Krista E. Paulsen, Associate Professor of Urban Studies and Community Development at Boise State University, and coauthor of Introduction to Cities: How Place and Space Shape Human Experience"Scarborough's findings can be extrapolated and make an important contribution to the literature on gender inequality and, specifically, the gender wage gap. Summing Up: Recommended."—Choice"Three aspects of Gendered Places make this book stand out. One notable feature is the book’s open and exploratory tone, especially regarding the concept of local gender norms and discussion of their causes and consequences.... Most important, however, is the idea at the heart of the book-local gender norms. This concept enriches cultural explanations of gender by adding an important spatial dimension to our understanding of gender and gender inequality. On a broader level, Scarborough urges sociologists to look more closely at local communities as sites where gender inequality is produced. This carefully researched book should have special appeal to sociologists of work, gender, and inequality."—Social Forces"Scarborough tackles the methodological challenge of studying variations and consequences of gender norms at a local scale across the United States.... [T]he methods and findings in this book do offer important new contribution to the understanding of place as gendered. Scarborough presents a strong argument for reading this work as complementary to existing research. He adeptly draws upon both quantitative and qualitative research as well as theory from multiple disciplines not only to build methodological and analytical frameworks but also to position the research findings as engaging with and contributing to much broader questions about gender, place culture, and spatial inequity."—Journal of Urban Affairs

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Book SynopsisWhat have jobs really been like for the past 40 years and what do the workers themselves say about them? InWhat Workers Say,Roberta Iversen shows that for employees in labor market industrieslike manufacturing, construction, printingas well as those in service-producing jobs, like clerical work, healthcare, food service, retail, and automotivejobs are often discriminatory, are sometimes dangerous and exploitive, and seldom utilize people's full range of capabilities. Most importantly, they fail to provide anyrealopportunity for advancement. What Workers Saytakes its cue from Studs Terkel'sWorking,as Iversen interviewed more than 1,200 workers to present stories about their labor market jobs since 1980. She puts a human face on the experiences of a broad range of workers indicating what their jobs were and are truly like. Iversen reveals how transformations in the political economy of waged work have shrunk or eliminated opportunity for workers, families, communities, and productivityTrade Review"Iversen probes the nature of working- and middle-class jobs via interviews with workers from a variety of different social, economic, and ethnic backgrounds.... This book will appeal to sociologists, social policy researchers, and anyone interested in how the predicaments of American workers may actually contain answers to how to navigate the uncertain waters of a rapidly evolving workplace. A timely and well-researched study."—Kirkus Reviews"[T]he book makes for engaging and enlightening reading, providing a sensitive, and often ennobling view of the contemporary economy from the ground up. Studs Terkel would have been pleased."—Social Forces

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Book SynopsisThe essays included in this book are the proceedings of a conference held by the Centre for Industrial Relations at the University of Toronto, 1967. They have been divided into five sections: "Wage-Price-Profit Relations in Canada—The Problem in Perspective," "A Diagnosis of the Problem," "Foreign Experience," "The Government and Wage-Price-Profit Relations," and "A Policy for Canada." The essays included are by such eminent contributors as Dr. John Deutsch, Professor G.L. Reuber, Mr. David McQueen, Dr. Arthur M. Ross, and The Honourable Mitchell Sharp.

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Book SynopsisThis collection examines the nexus between the emancipation of women, and their role(s) in civil service organisations. It covers the role of social media in organising, the significance of religion in many cultural contexts, activism in Eastern Europe and the impact of environmental degradation on women's lives.Trade Review"This anthology is a testament to both women's activism and the idea that together women's CSOs across the world can make a collective difference." Voluntas"An essential guide to research on civil society organisations and women's empowerment in a wide range of international contexts." Marjorie Mayo, Goldsmiths, University of London?"Rife with important insights for researchers and practitioners with emancipatory ambitions, and a wonderful example of the value of cross-fertilizing gender studies and research into civil society organizations." Charlotte Holgersson, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, SwedenTable of ContentsIntroduction ~ Schwabenland, Christina Schwabenland; Chris Lange, Sachiko Nakagawa and Jennifer Onyx: `Empowerment’ as women’s emancipation? A global study in the influence of feminism in women’s NGOs ~ Ruth Phillips; Section One “Se non or quando?” (If not now, when ?) Birth, growth and challenges of a new voice within the feminist scenario in Italy ~ Elena Elia; Street harassment activism in the 21st century ~ Rochelle Keyhane; New gender-political impulses from Eastern Europe: the case of Pussy Riot ~ Eva Maria Hinterhuber and Gesine Fuchs; How a feminist activist group builds its repertoire of actions: a case study ~ Fabien Hildwein; From feminist extravagance to citizen demand: the movement for abortion legalization in Uruguay ~ Ines Pousadela; Sustainability from the bottom up: Women as change agents in the Niger delta ~ Charisma Acey; Section two: Emancipating organisation(s); A Women’s NGO as an incubator: promoting identity-based associations in Nepalese civil society ~ Masako Tanaka; Gender Democracy and Women’s Self Empowerment: A case of Somali diaspora civil society ~ Marco Tavanti, Cawo Abdi and Blaire MacHarg; The role of civil society organisations in the emancipation of Portuguese Roma women ~ Raquel Rego; Breaking down dichotomies in the narratives of women’s activism in Morocco ~ Aura Lounasmaa; Working within associations: Recognition in the public space for women? ~ Annie Dussuet and Erica Flahault; Flexible working practices in charities: supporting or hindering women’s emancipation in the workplace? ~ Sally East and Gareth Morgan; Examining and contextualising the impact of Kenya’s Maendeleo ya Wanawake Organization Organization (MYWO) through an African feminist lens ~ Anne Namatsi Lutomia, Brenda Nyandiko Sanya and Dorothy Owino Rombo; Conclusions: Organizing for emancipation/ emancipating organizations? ~ Christina Schwabenland; Chris Lange, Sachiko Nakagawa and Jennifer Onyx.

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Book SynopsisThis collection examines the nexus between the emancipation of women, and their role(s) in civil service organisations. It covers the role of social media in organising, the significance of religion in many cultural contexts, activism in Eastern Europe and the impact of environmental degradation on women’s lives.Trade Review"This anthology is a testament to both women's activism and the idea that together women's CSOs across the world can make a collective difference." Voluntas"An essential guide to research on civil society organisations and women's empowerment in a wide range of international contexts." Marjorie Mayo, Goldsmiths, University of London?"Rife with important insights for researchers and practitioners with emancipatory ambitions, and a wonderful example of the value of cross-fertilizing gender studies and research into civil society organizations." Charlotte Holgersson, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, SwedenTable of ContentsIntroduction ~ Schwabenland, Christina Schwabenland; Chris Lange, Sachiko Nakagawa and Jennifer Onyx: `Empowerment’ as women’s emancipation? A global study in the influence of feminism in women’s NGOs ~ Ruth Phillips; Section One “Se non or quando?” (If not now, when ?) Birth, growth and challenges of a new voice within the feminist scenario in Italy ~ Elena Elia; Street harassment activism in the 21st century ~ Rochelle Keyhane; New gender-political impulses from Eastern Europe: the case of Pussy Riot ~ Eva Maria Hinterhuber and Gesine Fuchs; How a feminist activist group builds its repertoire of actions: a case study ~ Fabien Hildwein; From feminist extravagance to citizen demand: the movement for abortion legalization in Uruguay ~ Ines Pousadela; Sustainability from the bottom up: Women as change agents in the Niger delta ~ Charisma Acey; Section two: Emancipating organisation(s); A Women’s NGO as an incubator: promoting identity-based associations in Nepalese civil society ~ Masako Tanaka; Gender Democracy and Women’s Self Empowerment: A case of Somali diaspora civil society ~ Marco Tavanti, Cawo Abdi and Blaire MacHarg; The role of civil society organisations in the emancipation of Portuguese Roma women ~ Raquel Rego; Breaking down dichotomies in the narratives of women’s activism in Morocco ~ Aura Lounasmaa; Working within associations: Recognition in the public space for women? ~ Annie Dussuet and Erica Flahault; Flexible working practices in charities: supporting or hindering women’s emancipation in the workplace? ~ Sally East and Gareth Morgan; Examining and contextualising the impact of Kenya’s Maendeleo ya Wanawake Organization Organization (MYWO) through an African feminist lens ~ Anne Namatsi Lutomia, Brenda Nyandiko Sanya and Dorothy Owino Rombo; Conclusions: Organizing for emancipation/ emancipating organizations? ~ Christina Schwabenland; Chris Lange, Sachiko Nakagawa and Jennifer Onyx.

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Book SynopsisBetween the Great War and Pearl Harbor, conservative labor leaders declared themselves America's first line of defense against Communism. In this surprising account, Jennifer Luff shows how the American Federation of Labor fanned popular anticommunism but defended Communists' civil liberties in the aftermath of the 1919 Red Scare. The AFL's commonsense anticommunism, she argues, steered a middle course between the American Legion and the ACLU, helping to check campaigns for federal sedition laws. But in the 1930s, frustration with the New Dealorder led labor conservatives to redbait the Roosevelt administration and liberal unionists and abandon their reluctant civil libertarianism for red scare politics. That frustration contributed to the legal architecture of federal anticommunism that culminated with the McCarthyist fervor of the 1950s. Relying on untapped archival sources, Luff reveals how labor conservatives and the emerging civil liberties movement debated the proper role of th

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Book SynopsisShows that in the process of winning the US Civil War, Northerners were forced to grapple with the frauds of free labor. Labor brokers did indispensable work that helped the Northern state and Northern employers emerge victorious. They also gave rise to an economic and political system that enriched the managerial class.

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