Impact of science and technology on society Books

Book SynopsisA pioneering call for a new understanding of scale across the humanities How is it possible that you are—simultaneously—cells, atoms, a body, quarks, a component in an ecological network, a moment in the thermodynamic dispersal of the sun, and an element in the gravitational whirl of galaxies? In this way, we routinely transform reality into things already outside of direct human experience, things we hardly comprehend even as we speak of DNA, climate effects, toxic molecules, and viruses. How do we find ourselves with these disorienting layers of scale? Enter Scale Theory, which provides a foundational theory of scale that explains how scale works, the parameters of scalar thinking, and how scale refigures reality—that teaches us how to think in terms of scale, no matter where our interests may lie. Joshua DiCaglio takes us on a fascinating journey through six thought experiments that provide clarifying yet provocative definitions for scale and new ways of thinking about classic concepts ranging from unity to identity. Because our worldviews and philosophies are largely built on nonscalar experience, he then takes us slowly through the ways scale challenges and reconfigures objects, subjects, and relations. Scale Theory is, in a sense, nondisciplinary—weaving together a dizzying array of sciences (from nanoscience to ecology) with discussions from the humanities (from philosophy to rhetoric). In the process, a curious pattern emerges: attempts to face the significance of scale inevitably enter terrain closer to mysticism than science. Rather than dismiss this connection, DiCaglio examines the reasons for it, redefining mysticism in terms of scale and integrating contemplative philosophies into the discussion. The result is a powerful account of the implications and challenges of scale, attuned to the way scale transforms both reality and ourselves.Trade Review "Scale Theory is an exceptionally astute and lucid remapping of the concept of scale. Working through a lively set of thought experiments, Joshua DiCaglio invents a scalar theory to move beyond conventional—often reductive and parochial—understandings of scale. From the not-so-simple conceptual and material status of objects, to questions of process, relations, and consciousness, to the scalar repercussions for subjects, experience, and the very practices of interpretation, DiCaglio delineates and performs a far-reaching scale theory for the predicaments of the present."—Peter C. van Wyck, Concordia University, Montréal "There are few more important, and few more difficult topics to study, than the role of scale in society and nature. This is why I’m so damn thankful for Joshua DiCaglio’s, Scale Theory. He assembles a clear and systematic theory of scale and then demonstrates how its practice can transform our understanding of ourselves and our perceptions of the world. It’s really more than a book; it’s a vision, a guide, and a provocation to help us better navigate a world that exceeds our capacity to understand it."—Phillip Thurtle, author of Biology in the Grid: Graphic Design and the Envisioning of Life "Enthralling."—Leonardo "DiCaglio’s evidence disrupts the frame of situated knowledge."—Science as Culture Table of ContentsContentsIntroduction: Learning to ScalePart I. Algorithms for a Theory of Scale1. Distance and Resolution: The First Experiential Origin of Scale2. Measurement and Perspective: The Second Experiential Origin of Scale3. Scope and Accumulation: The Third Experiential Origin of Scale4. To the Bottom: The First Thought Experiment in Scale5. From the Top: The Second Thought Experiment in Scale6. In the Scalar Simulation: The Third Thought Experiment in ScalePart II. Configurations for a Theory of Scale7. In-formations of the Whole: Scalar Configurations of Objects8. I Am the Transhuman Cosmos: Scalar Configurations of Subjects9. Cutting and Claiming Everything: Scalar Configurations of RelationsPart III. Rhetorical Technologies for a Theory of Scale10. Mapping the Vast Unknowing: The Science of Scale, the Scale of Science11. The Cosmos Seeing Itself: Representations of Scale, Scales of Representation12. Transformations by Involution: The Contemplative Practices of Scale, Scaling ContemplationAcknowledgmentsNotesBibliographyIndex

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Book SynopsisHow afforestation reveals the often-concealed politics between humans and plantsIn Plant Life, Rosetta S. Elkin explores the procedures of afforestation, the large-scale planting of trees in otherwise treeless environments, including grasslands, prairies, and drylands. Elkin reveals that planting a tree can either be one of the ultimate offerings to thriving on this planet, or one of the most extreme perversions of human agency over it. Using three supracontinental case studies—scientific forestry in the American prairies, colonial control in Africa’s Sahelian grasslands, and Chinese efforts to control and administer territory—Elkin explores the political implications of plant life as a tool of environmentalism. By exposing the human tendency to fix or solve environmental matters by exploiting other organisms, this work exposes the relationship between human and plant life, revealing that afforestation is not an ecological act: rather, it is deliberately political and distressingly social. Plant Life ultimately reveals that afforestation cannot offset deforestation, an important distinction that sheds light on current environmental trends that suggest we can plant our way out of climate change. By radicalizing what conservation protects and by framing plants in their total aliveness, Elkin shows that there are many kinds of life—not just our own—to consider when advancing environmental policy. Trade Review "In Plant Life, the misadventures of tree planting campaigns around the world expose a fundamental failure to understand things that are alive. Human cultivation—a blunt apparatus often focused only on an above-ground outcropping—usually manages to kill plants. Rosetta S. Elkin’s lush and stringent narratives travel instead within the roots and ramifying relationships that huge forests and grasslands generate when they are simply allowed to grow—a live rhizosphere in the crust of the earth."—Keller Easterling, Yale University "With climate change comes a recognition that we are part of a global landscape and that we need to think at this scale. However, even as we need to ‘think global, act local,’ what Rosetta S. Elkin shows in her in her deep and multi-faceted reading of afforestation projects is that in doing so we must really ‘think local, act global.’"—Julian Raxworthy, University of Canberra "Tightly argued and rigorously researched, Plant Life draws on history, geography, political ecology, botany, landscape ecology, and climate science to present a powerful critique of afforestation. "—Landscape Architecture Magazine "Delving into philosophical treatises, colonial archives, and botanical manuals that span such themes as soil science, plant morphology, and taxonomy, Elkin convincingly argues that planting is a social—not ecological—act that radically reshapes landscapes based on models of standardization and replicability."—H-Net Reviews Table of ContentsContentsPrefaceAbbreviationsIntroductionArtifact1. The Problem of Parts2. Great Green Wall3. Genus FaidherbiaIndex4. Confronting Treelessness5. Prairie States Forestry Project6. Ulmus pumilaL.Trace7. Contextual Indifference8. Three Norths Shelter System9. Species PopulusEpilogueNotesIndex

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Book SynopsisWhat are the implications of how we talk about apocalypse? A new philosophical field has emerged. “Existential risk” studies any real or hypothetical human extinction event in the near or distant future. This movement examines catastrophes ranging from runaway global warming to nuclear warfare to malevolent artificial intelligence, deploying a curious mix of utilitarian ethics, statistical risk analysis, and, controversially, a transhuman advocacy that would aim to supersede almost all extinction scenarios. The proponents of existential risk thinking, led by Oxford philosopher Nick Bostrom, have seen their work gain immense popularity, attracting endorsement from Bill Gates and Elon Musk, millions of dollars, and millions of views. Calamity Theory is the first book to examine the rise of this thinking and its failures to acknowledge the ways some communities and lifeways are more at risk than others and what it implies about human extinction.Forerunners: Ideas First is a thought-in-process series of breakthrough digital publications. Written between fresh ideas and finished books, Forerunners draws on scholarly work initiated in notable blogs, social media, conference plenaries, journal articles, and the synergy of academic exchange. This is gray literature publishing: where intense thinking, change, and speculation take place in scholarship.Table of ContentsIntroduction: What Is Existential Risk?1. Endgame Philosophy2. Probability and Speculation3. The Existential Roots of Existential RiskConclusion: Opening the “Letter from Utopia”Acknowledgments

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Book SynopsisRethinking our relationship with Earth in a time of environmental emergency The world is changing. Progress no longer has a future but any earlier sense of Earth as “providential” seems of merely historical interest. The apparent absence of Earthly solicitude is a symptom and consequence of these successive Western modes of engagement with the Earth, now exemplified in global capitalism. Within these constructs, Earth can only appear as constitutively indifferent to the fate of all its inhabitants. The “provisional ecology” outlined in Does the Earth Care?—drawing on a variety of literary and philosophical sources from Richard Jefferies and Robert Macfarlane to Martin Heidegger and Gaia theory—fundamentally challenges that assumption, while offering an Earthly alternative to either cold realism or alienated despair in the face of impending ecological disaster. Forerunners is a thought-in-process series of breakthrough digital works. Written between fresh ideas and finished books, Forerunners draws on scholarly work initiated in notable blogs, social media, conference plenaries, journal articles, and the synergy of academic exchange. This is gray literature publishing: where intense thinking, change, and speculation take place in scholarship.Trade Review "Smith and Young's book is a stimulating read. It offers nuggets of insight and wisdom throughout, weaving together geoscience and the posthumanities to pain on a large and vivid canvas."—The AAG Review of Books

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Book SynopsisExamining the appearance of nonhuman animals laboring alongside humans in humanitarian operations Both critical and mainstream scholarly work on humanitarianism have largely been framed from anthropocentric perspectives highlighting humanity as the rationale for providing care to others. In Nonhuman Humanitarians, Benjamin Meiches explores the role of animals laboring alongside humans in humanitarian operations, generating new ethical possibilities of care in humanitarian practice.Nonhuman Humanitarians examines how these animals not only improve specific practices of humanitarian aid but have started to transform the basic tenets of humanitarianism. Analyzing case studies of mine-clearance dogs, milk-producing cows and goats, and disease-identifying rats, Nonhuman Humanitarians ultimately argues that nonhuman animal contributions problematize foundational assumptions about the emotional and rational capacities of humanitarian actors as well as the ethical focus on human suffering that defines humanitarianism.Meiches reveals that by integrating nonhuman animals into humanitarian practice, several humanitarian organizations have effectively demonstrated that care, compassion, and creativity are creaturely rather than human and that responses to suffering and injustice do not—and cannot—stop at the boundaries of the human.Trade Review "In this incisive exploration of the ethical and political implications of nonhuman labor in humanitarian work, Benjamin Meiches raises important questions about how humanitarian practices of care and generosity may be expanded beyond the constraints of anthropocentric reason to serve a global multispecies community facing the simultaneous and intensifying threats of climate change, ecological collapse, mass extinction, and violent conflict."—Elan Abrell, author of Saving Animals: Multispecies Ecologies of Rescue and Care "For those that would dispute the relevance of the more-than-human in the study of international relations, Nonhuman Humanitarians constitutes a significant rejoinder. Benjamin Meiches’s book examines the intersection between humanitarian practice and the small, though growing, literature on the role of our fellow species in conflict situations. It has much to teach about human–nonhuman relations, the practice of humanitarianism, and the ethics of both."—Stephen Hobden, coauthor of The Emancipatory Project of Posthumanism

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Book SynopsisAn unparalleled how-to guide to citizen-sensing practices that monitor air pollution Modern environments are awash with pollutants churning through the air, from toxic gases and intensifying carbon to carcinogenic particles and novel viruses. The effects on our bodies and our planet are perilous. Citizens of Worlds is the first thorough study of the increasingly widespread use of digital technologies to monitor and respond to air pollution. It presents practice-based research on working with communities and making sensor toolkits to detect pollution while examining the political subjects, relations, and worlds these technologies generate. Drawing on data from the Citizen Sense research group, which worked with communities in the United States and the United Kingdom to develop digital-sensor toolkits, Jennifer Gabrys argues that citizen-oriented technologies promise positive change but then collide with entrenched and inequitable power structures. She asks: Who or what constitutes a “citizen” in citizen sensing? How do digital sensing technologies enable or constrain environmental citizenship? Spanning three project areas, this study describes collaborations to monitor air pollution from fracking infrastructure, to document emissions in urban environments, and to create air-quality gardens. As these projects show, how people respond to, care for, and struggle to transform environmental conditions informs the political subjects and collectives they become as they strive for more breathable worlds.Trade Review"The planet, the region, the community, the neighborhood, the block—these are all sensoria: sites of sense, sensation, and sensibility. Citizens of Worlds offers a powerful and instructive report on how to create everyday sensor infrastructures to register and combat the damage these social sensoria are suffering amidst today’s compromised atmospheres and environments. A critical handbook for theory and action."—Stefan Helmreich, Massachusetts Institute of Technology"In this timely and carefully crafted book, Jennifer Gabrys takes us on a fascinating journey to trace the multiple relations between citizens and their environments mediated though sensors. Throughout the book we encounter diverse sensing technologies, each making us reflect more deeply about how environments are made perceptible and how this allows us to act upon them in novel ways. The concept of ‘citizens of worlds’ sensitizes us to the multiple ways in which these novel experiences of the environment co-constitute political subjects. A mind-opening read inviting further explorations."—Ulrike Felt, University of Vienna

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Book SynopsisA collective engages and mirrors the critical need for energy justice and transformation Solarities considers the possibilities of organizing societies and economies around solar energy, and the challenges of a just and equitable transition away from fossil fuels. Far from presenting solarity as a utopian solution to the climate crisis, it critically examines the ambiguous potentials of solarities: plural, situated, and often contradictory. Here, a diverse collective of activists, scholars, and practitioners critically engage a wide range of relationships and orientations to the sun. They consider the material and infrastructural dimensions of solar power, the decolonial and feminist promises of decentralized energy, solarian relations with more-than-human kin, and the problem of oppressive and weaponized solarities. Solarities imagines—and demands— possibilities for energy justice in this transition.Trade Review "Hope is abundant in these pages. Readers are electrified with ideas for equitable energy regimes, mirroring the excited electrons that ambulate to generate electricity in solar panels. "—Antipode

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Book SynopsisHas society ceded its self-governance to technogovernance?The Prison House of the Circuit presents a history of digital media using circuits and circuitry to understand how power operates in the contemporary era. Through the conceptual vocabulary of the circuit, it offers a provocative model for thinking about governance and media.The authors, writing as a collective, provide a model for collective research and a genealogical framework that interrogates the rise of digital society through the lens of Foucault’s ideas of governance, circulation, and power. The book includes five in-depth case studies investigating the transition from analog media to electronic and digital forms: military telegraphy and human–machine incorporation, the establishment of national electronic biopolitical governance in World War I, media as the means of extending spatial and temporal policing, automobility as the mechanism uniting mobility and media, and visual augmentation from Middle Ages spectacles to digital heads-up displays. The Prison House of the Circuit ultimately demonstrates how contemporary media came to create frictionless circulation to maximize control, efficacy, and state power.Trade Review"Alive to historical detail and punctuated by field-shifting provocations, this stunning book enlists media genealogy to excavate the science of signals trafficking through systems of command and control. The authors triage the pulse of electronic circuitry spanning the planet, hardwiring populations and perception into real time biotechnical conduits of power."—Ned Rossiter, author of Software, Infrastructure, Labor: A Media Theory of Logistical Nightmares

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Book SynopsisHas society ceded its self-governance to technogovernance?The Prison House of the Circuit presents a history of digital media using circuits and circuitry to understand how power operates in the contemporary era. Through the conceptual vocabulary of the circuit, it offers a provocative model for thinking about governance and media.The authors, writing as a collective, provide a model for collective research and a genealogical framework that interrogates the rise of digital society through the lens of Foucault’s ideas of governance, circulation, and power. The book includes five in-depth case studies investigating the transition from analog media to electronic and digital forms: military telegraphy and human–machine incorporation, the establishment of national electronic biopolitical governance in World War I, media as the means of extending spatial and temporal policing, automobility as the mechanism uniting mobility and media, and visual augmentation from Middle Ages spectacles to digital heads-up displays. The Prison House of the Circuit ultimately demonstrates how contemporary media came to create frictionless circulation to maximize control, efficacy, and state power.Trade Review"Alive to historical detail and punctuated by field-shifting provocations, this stunning book enlists media genealogy to excavate the science of signals trafficking through systems of command and control. The authors triage the pulse of electronic circuitry spanning the planet, hardwiring populations and perception into real time biotechnical conduits of power."—Ned Rossiter, author of Software, Infrastructure, Labor: A Media Theory of Logistical Nightmares

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Book SynopsisA timely and trenchant commentary on the centrality of Nietzsche’s thought for our time While many posthumanists claim Nietzsche as one of their own, rarely do they engage his philosophy in any real depth. Nietzsche’s Posthumanism addresses this need by exploring the continuities and disagreements between Nietzsche’s philosophy and contemporary posthumanism. Focusing specifically on Nietzsche’s reception of the life sciences of his day and his reflections on technology—research areas as central to Nietzsche’s work as they are to posthumanism—Edgar Landgraf provides fresh readings of Nietzsche and a critique of post- and transhumanist philosophies. Through Landgraf’s inquiry, lesser-known aspects of Nietzsche’s writings emerge, including the neurophysiological basis of his epistemology (which anticipates contemporary debates on embodiment), his concerns with insects and the emergent social properties they exhibit, and his reflections on the hominization and cultivation effects of technology. In the process, Landgraf challenges major commonplaces about Nietzsche’s philosophy, including the idea that his social theory asserts the rights of “the strong” over “the weak.” The ethos of critical posthumanism also offers a new perspective on key ethical and political contentions of Nietzsche’s writings. Nietzsche’s Posthumanism presents a uniquely framed introduction to tenets of Nietzsche’s thought and major trends in posthumanism, making it an essential exploration for anyone invested in Nietzsche and his contemporary relevance, and in posthumanism and its genealogy. Retail e-book files for this title are screen-reader friendly.Trade Review "Nietzsche’s Posthumanism is a timely, lucid, and incisive commentary on the problematic centrality of Nietzsche’s thought for our time. It shows the continued potential that Nietzsche’s writings have for navigating a way through the dangers and excesses of contemporary posthumanist politics. In doing so, Edgar Landgraf’s critical posthumanist stance produces fresh readings of both Nietzsche and posthumanist philosophies."—Stefan Herbrechter, University of Heidelberg "Edgar Landgraf’s Nietzsche’s Posthumanism is a fantastic book. Through the lens of Nietzsche’s philosophy, Landgraf offers a fresh perspective on contemporary debates on posthumanism and its many variants, engaging with key thinkers in science and technology studies, new materialism, and biopolitics, including Foucault, Maturana and Varela, Deleuze and Guattari, Haraway, Braidotti and Esposito. Landgraf draws on thorough research and engagement with Nietzsche's texts, shedding new light on aspects of Nietzsche’s philosophy that are perhaps less known, such as his writing on insects. Nietzsche's Posthumanism asks what we can learn from swarms and hives about human ethics and politics. I highly recommend it!"—Vanessa Lemm, author of Homo Natura and Nietzsche's Animal Philosophy Table of Contents Contents Acknowledgments Abbreviations Introduction 1. Posthumanism and Its Nietzsches 2. Posthumanist Epistemology 3. Insect Sociality 4. Instinct, Will, and the Will to Power 5. Media Technologies of Hominization 6. Cultivating the Sovereign Individual 7. The Ethics and Politics of Nietzschean Posthumanism Notes Bibliography Index

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Book SynopsisA timely and trenchant commentary on the centrality of Nietzsche’s thought for our time While many posthumanists claim Nietzsche as one of their own, rarely do they engage his philosophy in any real depth. Nietzsche’s Posthumanism addresses this need by exploring the continuities and disagreements between Nietzsche’s philosophy and contemporary posthumanism. Focusing specifically on Nietzsche’s reception of the life sciences of his day and his reflections on technology—research areas as central to Nietzsche’s work as they are to posthumanism—Edgar Landgraf provides fresh readings of Nietzsche and a critique of post- and transhumanist philosophies. Through Landgraf’s inquiry, lesser-known aspects of Nietzsche’s writings emerge, including the neurophysiological basis of his epistemology (which anticipates contemporary debates on embodiment), his concerns with insects and the emergent social properties they exhibit, and his reflections on the hominization and cultivation effects of technology. In the process, Landgraf challenges major commonplaces about Nietzsche’s philosophy, including the idea that his social theory asserts the rights of “the strong” over “the weak.” The ethos of critical posthumanism also offers a new perspective on key ethical and political contentions of Nietzsche’s writings. Nietzsche’s Posthumanism presents a uniquely framed introduction to tenets of Nietzsche’s thought and major trends in posthumanism, making it an essential exploration for anyone invested in Nietzsche and his contemporary relevance, and in posthumanism and its genealogy. Retail e-book files for this title are screen-reader friendly.Trade Review "Nietzsche’s Posthumanism is a timely, lucid, and incisive commentary on the problematic centrality of Nietzsche’s thought for our time. It shows the continued potential that Nietzsche’s writings have for navigating a way through the dangers and excesses of contemporary posthumanist politics. In doing so, Edgar Landgraf’s critical posthumanist stance produces fresh readings of both Nietzsche and posthumanist philosophies."—Stefan Herbrechter, University of Heidelberg "Edgar Landgraf’s Nietzsche’s Posthumanism is a fantastic book. Through the lens of Nietzsche’s philosophy, Landgraf offers a fresh perspective on contemporary debates on posthumanism and its many variants, engaging with key thinkers in science and technology studies, new materialism, and biopolitics, including Foucault, Maturana and Varela, Deleuze and Guattari, Haraway, Braidotti and Esposito. Landgraf draws on thorough research and engagement with Nietzsche's texts, shedding new light on aspects of Nietzsche’s philosophy that are perhaps less known, such as his writing on insects. Nietzsche's Posthumanism asks what we can learn from swarms and hives about human ethics and politics. I highly recommend it!"—Vanessa Lemm, author of Homo Natura and Nietzsche's Animal Philosophy Table of Contents Contents Acknowledgments Abbreviations Introduction 1. Posthumanism and Its Nietzsches 2. Posthumanist Epistemology 3. Insect Sociality 4. Instinct, Will, and the Will to Power 5. Media Technologies of Hominization 6. Cultivating the Sovereign Individual 7. The Ethics and Politics of Nietzschean Posthumanism Notes Bibliography Index

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Book SynopsisA groundbreaking book that combines the environmental humanities and social sciences to study the impact of environmental stories There is a growing consensus that environmental narratives can help catalyze the social change necessary to address today’s environmental crises; however, surprisingly little is known about their impact and effectiveness. In Empirical Ecocriticism, Matthew Schneider-Mayerson, Alexa Weik von Mossner, W. P. Malecki, and Frank Hakemulder combine an environmental humanities perspective with empirical methods derived from the social sciences to study the influence of environmental stories on our affects, attitudes, and actions. Empirical Ecocriticism provides an approachable introduction to this growing field’s main methods and demonstrates their potential through case studies on topics ranging from the impact of climate fiction on readers’ willingness to engage in activism to the political empowerment that results from participating in environmental theater. Part manifesto, part toolkit, part proof of concept, and part dialogue, this introductory volume is divided into three sections: methods, case studies, and reflections. International in scope, it points toward a novel and fruitful synthesis of the environmental humanities and social sciences. Contributors: Matthew Ballew, Yale U; Helena Bilandzic, U of Augsburg; Rebecca Dirksen, Indiana U; Greg Garrard, UBC Okanagan; Matthew H. Goldberg, Yale U; Abel Gustafson, U of Cincinnati; David I. Hanauer, Indiana U of Pennsylvania; Ursula K. Heise, UCLA; Jeremy Jimenez, SUNY Cortland; Anthony Leiserowitz, Yale U; David M. Markowitz, U of Oregon; Marcus Mayorga; Jessica Gall Myrick, Penn State U; Mary Beth Oliver, Penn State U; Yan Pang, Point Park U; Mark Pedelty, U of Minnesota; Seth A. Rosenthal, Yale U; Elja Roy, U of Memphis; Nicolai Skiveren, Aarhus U; Paul Slovic, U of Oregon; Scott Slovic, U of Idaho; Nicolette Sopcak, U of Alberta; Paul Sopcak, MacEwan U; Sara Warner, Cornell U. Table of Contents Contents Introduction: Toward an Integrated Approach to Environmental Narratives and Social Change Matthew Schneider-Mayerson, Alexa Weik von Mossner, W. P. Malecki, and Frank Hakemulder Part I. Methods 1. Experimental Methods for the Environmental Humanities: Measuring Affects and Effects W. P. Malecki 2. Qualitative Approaches to Empirical Ecocriticism: Understanding Multidimensional Concepts, Experiences, and Processes Paul Sopcak and Nicolette Sopcak 3. Exploring the Environmental Humanities through Film Production Rebecca Dirksen, Mark Pedelty, Yan Pang, and Elja Roy Part II. Case Studies 4. Does Climate Fiction Work? An Experimental Test of the Immediate and Delayed Effects of Reading Cli-Fi Matthew Schneider-Mayerson, Abel Gustafson, Anthony Leiserowitz, Matthew H. Goldberg, Seth A. Rosenthal, and Matthew Ballew 5. The Roles of Exemplar Voice, Compassion, and Pity in Shaping Audience Responses to Environmental News Narratives Jessica Gall Myrick and Mary Beth Oliver 6. The Reception of Radical Texts: The Complicated Case of Alice Walker’s “Am I Blue?” Alexa Weik von Mossner, W. P. Malecki, Matthew Schneider-Mayerson, Marcus Mayorga, and Paul Slovic 7. Screening Waste, Feeling Slow Violence: An Empirical Reception Study of the Environmental Documentary Plastic China Nicolai Skiveren 8. All the World’s a Warming Stage: Applied Theater, Climate Change, and the Art of Community-Based Assessments Sara Warner and Jeremy Jimenez 9. Tracing the Language of Ecocriticism: Insights from an Automated Text Analysis of ISLE: Interdisciplinary Studies in Literature and Environment Scott Slovic and David M. Markowitz Part III. Reflections 10. Empirical Ecocriticism and the Future of (Eco)Narratology Ursula K. Heise 11. Two Cheers for Empirical Ecocriticism Greg Garrard 12. Empirical Ecocriticism and Modes of Persuasion David I. Hanauer 13. Stories about the Environment for Diverse Audiences: Insights from Environmental Communication Helena Bilandzic Acknowledgments Contributors Index

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Book SynopsisFrom the telegraph to the touchscreen, how the development of binary switching transformed everyday life and changed the shape of human agency The Switch traces the sudden rise of a technology that has transformed everyday life for billions of people: the binary switch. By chronicling the rapid growth of binary switching since the mid-nineteenth century, Jason Puskar contends that there is no human activity as common today as pushing a button or flipping a switch—the deceptively simple act of turning something on or off. More than a technical history, The Switch offers a cultural and political analysis of how reducing so much human action to binary alternatives has profoundly reshaped modern society. Analyzing this history, Puskar charts the rapid shift from analog to digital across a range of devices—keyboards, cameras, guns, light switches, computers, game controls, even the “nuclear button”—to understand how nineteenth-century techniques continue to influence today’s pervasive digital technologies. In contexts that include musical performance, finger counting, machine writing, voting methods, and immersive play, Puskar shows how the switch to switching led to radically new forms of action and thought. The innovative analysis in The Switch makes clear that binary inputs have altered human agency by making choice instantaneous, effort minimal, and effects more far-reaching than ever. In the process, it concludes, switching also fosters forms of individualism that, though empowering for many, also preserve a legacy of inequality and even domination. Trade Review "In this deeply ambitious and sophisticated book, Jason Puskar invites us to think more seriously about what happens almost every time we touch one of our devices and turn it on or swipe or click. From the technologies at our fingertips to the vastly larger networks of politics and language that they operate and represent, The Switch provides a fascinating cultural history of how we have made the modern world, and been remade in turn, by the simplest of human actions and the connections they enable."—Mark Goble, author of Beautiful Circuits: Modernism and the Mediated Life "A dazzling, beautifully written history of a pervasive but seemingly unremarkable technology of modern life: the binary switch. Jason Puskar’s delightful and important book will fascinate historians of media and technology; it should be required reading for anyone curious about how fantasies of liberal agency are cultivated in the buttons, keyboards, triggers, and toys that make us human."—Justus Nieland, author of Happiness by Design: Modernism and Media in the Eames Era Table of Contents Contents Acknowledgments Introduction: Awake at the Switch Part I. Start 1. Origin Stories 2. Designing the Button 3. Analogs and Analogies Part II. Digital Bodies 4. The Point of Touch 5. Counting on the Body 6. Darth Vader’s Nipples Part III. Keyboard Rationality 7. The Keyboard’s Checkered Past 8. Human Types 9. Chording and Coding 10. The Archaeology of Qwerty Part IV. Objects of Play 11. The Toys of Dionysus 12. Pinball Wizards Part V. Haptic Liberalism 13. The Control Panel of Democracy 14. Switching Philosophies 15. Pistolgraphs 16. First-Person Shooters Epilogue: Self-Destruct Notes Index

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Book SynopsisHow analyzing scientific practices can alter debates on the relationship between science and reality Numerous scholarly works focus solely on scientific metaphysics or biological practice, but few attempt to bridge the two subjects. This volume, the latest in the Minnesota Studies in the Philosophy of Science series, explores what a scientific metaphysics grounded in biological practices could look like and how it might impact the way we investigate the world around us. From Biological Practice to Scientific Metaphysics examines how to reconcile the methods of biological practice with the methods of metaphysical cosmology, notably regarding the origins of life. The contributors take up a wide range of traditional metaphysics and philosophy of science topics, including natural kinds, medicine, ecology, genetics, scientific pluralism, reductionism, operationalism, mechanisms, the nature of information, and more. Many of the chapters represent the first philosophical treatments of significant biological practices. From causality and complexity to niche constructions and inference, the contributors review and discuss long-held objections to metaphysics by natural scientists. They illuminate how, in order to learn about the world as it truly is, we must look not only at what scientists say but also what they do: for ontology cannot be read directly from scientific claims. Contributors: Richard Creath, Arizona State U; Marc Ereshefsky, U of Calgary; Marie I. Kaiser, Bielefeld U; Thomas A. C. Reydon, Leibniz U Hannover and Michigan State U; Lauren N. Ross, U of California, Irvine; Rose Trappes, U of Exeter; Marcel Weber, U of Geneva; William C. Wimsatt, U of Chicago. Retail e-book files for this title are screen-reader friendly with images accompanied by short alt text and/or extended descriptions.

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Book SynopsisPeople often believe that we can overcome the profound environmental and climate crises we face by smart systems, green innovations and more recycling. However, the quest for complex technological solutions, which rely on increasingly exotic and scarce materials, makes this unlikely. A best-seller in France, this English language edition introduces readers to an alternative perspective on how we should be marshalling our resources to preserve the planet and secure our future. Bihouix skilfully goes against the grain to argue that ‘high’ technology will not solve global problems and envisages a different approach to build a more resilient and sustainable society.Table of ContentsPrologue ~ The mad dance of the shrimps; Part I ~ The rise and fall of ‘engineering miracle-workers’; Part II ~ The principles of simple technologies; Part III ~ Daily life in the era of simple technologies; Part IV ~ Is ‘transition’ possible?; Epilogue ~ A dream if there ever was one.

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Book SynopsisThe concept of transhumanism emerged in the middle of the 20th century, and has influenced discussions around AI, brain–computer interfaces, genetic technologies and life extension. Despite its enduring influence in the public imagination, a fully developed philosophy of transhumanism has not yet been presented. In this new book, leading philosopher Stefan Lorenz Sorgner explores the critical issues that link transhumanism with digitalization, gene technologies and ethics. He examines the history and meaning of transhumanism and asks bold questions about human perfection, cyborgs, genetically enhanced entities, and uploaded minds. Offering insightful reflections on values, norms and utopia, this will be an important guide for readers interested in contemporary digital culture, gene ethics, and policy making.Table of ContentsTranshumanism: In a Nutshell On a Silicon- based Transhumanism On a Carbon- based Transhumanism A Fictive Ethics The End as a New Beginning

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Book SynopsisThis accessible book introduces students to perspectives from the field of science and technology studies. Putting forward the thesis that science and democracy share important characteristics, it shows how authority cannot be taken for granted and must continuously be reproduced and confirmed by others. At a time when fundamental scientific and democratic values are being threatened by sceptics and populist arguments, an understanding of the relationship between them is much needed. This is an invaluable resource for all who are interested in the role of scientific knowledge in governance, societal developments and the implications for democracy, concerned publics and citizen engagement.Table of Contents1. The Best Knowledge and the Best Mode of Governance Part 1: Separation 2. Science and Politics as Separate Domains 3. The Relationship between Science and Politics Part 2: Overlap 4. Close but Not Too Close Part 3: Co-production 5. Co-production of Scientific Knowledge and Societal Order 6. Participation as Co-production 7. Scientific Citizenship 8. What Can Science and Technological Studies Say about Science and Democracy?

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Book SynopsisThis accessible book introduces students to perspectives from the field of science and technology studies. Putting forward the thesis that science and democracy share important characteristics, it shows how authority cannot be taken for granted and must continuously be reproduced and confirmed by others. At a time when fundamental scientific and democratic values are being threatened by sceptics and populist arguments, an understanding of the relationship between them is much needed. This is an invaluable resource for all who are interested in the role of scientific knowledge in governance, societal developments and the implications for democracy, concerned publics and citizen engagement.Table of Contents1. The Best Knowledge and the Best Mode of Governance Part 1: Separation 2. Science and Politics as Separate Domains 3. The Relationship between Science and Politics Part 2: Overlap 4. Close but Not Too Close Part 3: Co-production 5. Co-production of Scientific Knowledge and Societal Order 6. Participation as Co-production 7. Scientific Citizenship 8. What Can Science and Technological Studies Say about Science and Democracy?

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Book SynopsisFrom health tracking to diet apps to biohacking, technology is changing how we relate to our material, embodied selves. Drawing from a range of disciplines and case studies, this volume looks at what makes these health and genetic technologies unique and explores the representation, communication and internalization of health knowledge. Showcasing how power and inequality are reflected and reproduced by these technologies, discourses and practices, this book will be a go-to resource for scholars in science and technology studies as well as those who study the intersection of race, gender, socio-economic status, sexuality and health.Table of ContentsIntroduction 1. Social and Behavioural Genomics and the Ethics of (In)Visibility - Daphne Oluwaseun Martschenko 2. PureHealth: Feminist New Materialism, Posthuman Auto-Ethnography and Hegemonic Health Assemblages - Tina Sikka 3. Ambivalent Embodiment and HIV Treatment in South Africa - Elizabeth Mills 4. An ‘Artificial’ Concept as the Opposite of Human Dignity - Kazuhiko Shibuya 5. Health Praxis in the Age of Artificial Intelligence: Diagnostics, Caregiving and Reimagining the Role(s) of Healthcare Practitioners - Kevin Cummings and John Rief 6. Digital Health Technological Advancements and Gender Dynamics in STS - Anamika Gulati 7. Automation in Medical Imaging: Who Gets What AI Sees? Insights from the Adopters’ Perspective - Filomena Berardi and Giorgio Vernoni 8. Robots for Care: A Few Considerations from the Social Sciences - Miquel Domènech and Núria Vallès-Peris 9. Are Ovulation Biosensors Feminist Technologies? - Joann Wilkinson and Celia Roberts Conclusion

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Book Synopsis•The first book to bring the field of science communication into conversation with queer theory. •Includes ‘practice spotlights’ by practitioners that highlight specific science communication initiatives relevant to queer people and queer topics.Table of ContentsIntroduction - Tara Roberson and Lindy A. Orthia Part 1: Negotiating Queer Identities with Science, Technology, and Medicine 1. Where to ‘Keep’ the Queer: Contestations and Anxieties in Clinical Communications - Aritra Chatterjee Practice Spotlight: Gender and Sex in Research Communications - Sophia Frentz 2. The Question of Queer Complexity: Science Communication and Queer Activism - V de Kauwe and Emily Standen 3. Queer Interests in Technology and Innovation Discourse - Tara Roberson Practice Spotlight: All We Need Is … The Endosymbiotic Love Calendar - Annalaura Alifuoco, Natalie E.R. Beveridge, Yasmine Kumordzi, and Hwa Young Jung Practice Spotlight: GENDERS: Shaping and Breaking the Binary, an Exhibition at Science Gallery London - Helen Kaplinsky and Jessie Krish Teaching Notes for Part 1 Part 2: Representations of Queerness in Public Science Communication 4. Queering Science Museums, Science Centres, and Other Public Science Institutions - Eleanor S. Armstrong and Simon J. Lock Practice Spotlight: Queer by Nature: The LGBTQ+ Natural History Tour - Josh Davis Practice Spotlight: Science Queers: Overacted Representation in Science Communication - Òscar Aznar-Alemany Practice Spotlight: Science is a Drag! Online Events - Carla Suciu, Brynley Pearlstone, and Sam Langford 5. Queer Characters in Science-themed Fiction - Lindy A. Orthia and Leo P. Visser Practice Spotlight: Using #QueerInSTEM and Related Hashtags to Promote Your Science Communication - Luis Lopez and Alberto I. Roca Practice Spotlight: Queer Science Blogs: Public Communication Before the Age of Social Media - Ron Buckmire and Alberto I. Roca Teaching Notes for Part 2 Part 3: Queer People in Science Communication Communities 6. Malayang Paglaladlad para sa Mapagpalayang Paglalahad: Coming Out and Queering Science Communication in Contested Spaces - John Noel Viaña, Mario Carlo Severo, Miguel Barretto-Garcia, Paul James Magtaan, Jason Tan Liwag, Roemel Jeusep Bueno, Christer de Silva, and Shaira Panela Practice Spotlight: Queer Scientists PH: Visibility Towards Community Building and Empowerment - Jason Tan Liwag, Jay S. Fidelino, Rey Audie S. Escosio, Almira B. Ocampo, and Nikki Santos-Ocampo Practice Spotlight: 500 Queer Scientists at the Sydney Gay and Lesbian Mardi Gras - Alice Motion and Hervé Sauquet 7. Including Queerness and Improving Belonging of Intersectional Queer Identities in Science Communication Communities - Katherine Canfield Practice Spotlight: Rainbow Spectrums: Embracing Our Queer Disabled Family in Science Communication - V de Kauwe and Kai Fisher 8. Have Rainbow, Will Collect Data: How Citizen and Community Science Engages Queer Volunteers - Todd A. Harwell Teaching Notes for Part 3 Part 4: Queering Institutional Science Communication Agendas 9. Science OUTreach: A Queer Approach to Science Communication Practice - Alice Motion and Lee Wallace Practice Spotlight: Queer Communicators in Environmental, Climate Change, and Sustainability Conversations - Franzisca Weder Practice Spotlight: How LGBTIQA+ Representation in Organization Leadership Impacts Inclusivity and Visibility - Sarah Durcan and Andrea Bandelli Practice Spotlight: Outer Edge: Queer(y)ing STEM Collections – A Community Workshop - Eleanor S. Armstrong and Sophie Gerber 10. The Possibilities of Queer in Science Communication Teaching and Pedagogies - Simon J. Lock and Eleanor S. Armstrong 11. Queering Science Communication Theory Beyond Deficit and Dialogue Binaries - Lindy A. Orthia and V de Kauwe Teaching Notes for Part 4 Conclusions - Tara Roberson and Lindy A. Orthia

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Book SynopsisDrawing on an extensive study with young individuals who migrated to Singapore and Tokyo in the 2010s, this book sheds light on the friendships, emotions, hopes and fears involved in establishing life as Europeans in Asia. It demonstrates how migration to Asian business centres has become a way of distinction and an alternative route of middle-class reproduction for young Europeans during that period. The perceived insecurities of life in the crisis-ridden EU result in these migrants’ onward migration or prolonged stays in Asia. Capturing the changing roles of Singapore and Japan as migration destinations, this pioneering work makes the case for EU citizens’ aspired lifestyles and professional employment that is no longer only attainable in Europe or the West.Table of ContentsIntroduction PART I: Spatial Mobility to Asia: Moving Ahead by Moving Out 1. The EU Generation and Their Migration Motivations 2. Destination Singapore: The Dream of a Cosmopolis 3. Global City Tokyo: Japan’s Diversification from Within PART II: Organisational and Career Mobility: Seizing Security, Success and Self-Realisation 4. Singapore: Professionalising the Self 5. Tokyo: (Dis)Embedding in the Japanese Labour Market 6. Career Trajectories through an Intersectional Lens PART III: (Im)Mobility through Differentiated Embedding: The Ties That Bind 7. Immobility and Emplacement: Making the City Home 8. Belonging through Romantic Relationships Conclusion

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Book SynopsisDo numbers have a life of their own or do we give them meaning? How do data play a role in constructing people’s perceptions of the world around them? How far can we trust numbers to speak truth to power? The COVID-19 pandemic offers a unique moment to answer these questions. This book examines how politicians, experts and journalists gave meaning to data through the story of seven iconic numbers from the pandemic. Shedding light on a new dawn of data, this book makes a valuable contribution to our understanding of the relationship between numbers, meaning and society.Table of Contents1. Introduction 2. Data bounds Are Reinforced by Policy 3. Quantitative Realism Underpins Data Bounds 4. Quantitative Realism is Mathematical and Abstract 5. Desire for Data Bounds Underpins Quantitative Realism 6. Data Bounds Are Emotive 7. Data Boundaries Are Drawn Within Historical Norms 8. Critically Engaging with Data Bounds Afterword References

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Book SynopsisThe threat of social-environmental destruction is a fundamental challenge for those who are interested in creating and maintaining liveable worlds. This volume will bring together international scholars in science and technology studies, environmental studies, ecological humanities, art and design, geography and other social sciences to explore practices of repairing damaged and precarious ecologies through various societal, environmental and material involvements across different locations and geographies. Contributions will offer novel theoretical perspectives and empirical insights on the reparative and insurgent capacity of mending ecologies to craft relations of care and sustenance of human and nonhuman communities. The volume will be divided into several sections that are organized around a series of concepts that denote countervailing forces, processes and movements of damaging and repairing. Each section will consist of two or three contributions that offer experimental explorations of what ecological reparation means, and each section will begin with a short note that briefly describes the key concepts and issues that will be explored within.Table of ContentsIntroduction: No justice, no ecological peace: The groundings of ecological reparation (Dimitris Papadopoulos, Maria Puig de la Bellacasa, Maddalena Tacchetti) Acknowledgements PART I Depletion: Resurgence 1. Experiments in situ: Soil repair practices as part of place-based action for change in El Salvador (Naomi Millner) 2. Hesitant: three theses on ecological reparation (otherwise) (Manuel Tironi) 3. The False Bay Coast of Cape Town: A Critical Zone (Lesley Green and Vanessa Farr) PART II Deskilling: Experimenting 4. Reflections on a mending ecology through pastures for life (Claire Waterton) 5. Fab Cities as Infrastructures for Ecological Reparation: Maker Activism, Vernacular Skills, and Prototypes for Self-Grounding Collective Life (Atsuro Morita and Kazutoshi Tsuda) 6. The Cosmoecological Workshop: Or, How to Philosophise with a Hammer (Martin Savransky) PART III Contaminating: Cohabiting 7. Multispecies mending from micro to macro: Biome restoration, carbon recycling, and ecologies of participation (Eleanor Hadley Kershaw) 8. Involvement as an ethics for more than human interdependencies (Nerea Calvillo) 9. From Museum to MOB (Timothy Choy) PART IV Enclosing: Reclaiming Land 10. Land in Our Names: Building an Anti-Racist Food Movement (Sam Siva) 11. Land reparations and ecological justice – an Interview with Sam Siva (Maria Puig de la Bellacasa and Dimitris Papadopoulos) 12. Waste, improvement and repair on Ireland's Peat Bogs (Patrick Bresnihan and Patrick Brodie) 13. New Peasantries in Italy: Eco-commons, Agroecology and Food Communities (Andrea Ghelfi) 14. “Obedecer a la Vida”: Environmental Citizenship Otherwise? (Juan Camilo Cajigas) PART V Loss: Recollecting 15. Travelling Memories: Repairing the past and imagining the future in medium-secure forensic psychiatric care (Steven D. Brown, Paula Reavey, Donna Ciarlo and Abisola Balogun-Katung) 16. Conversations on benches (Leila Dawney and Linda Brothwell) 17. Curating reparation and recrafting solidarity in post-accord Colombia (Fredy Mora-Gámez) PART VI Representing: Self-governing 18. Commons-based mending ecologies (Doina Petrescu and Constantin Petcou) 19. Ri-Maflow: des-pair, resistance and re-pair in an urban industrial ecology (Marco Checchi) 20. Chilean streets: An archive against the grain of History (Cristobal Bonelli and Marisol de la Cadena) PART VII Isolating: Embodying 21. (Un)crafting ecologies: actions involving special skills at (un)making things humans with your hands (Eliana Sánchez-Aldana) 22. Cultivating Attention to Fragility: The Sensible Encounters of Maintenance (Jérôme Denis and David Pontille) 23. Technological black boxing versus ecological reparation: From encased-industrial to open-renewable wind energy (Aristotle Tympas) PART VIII Growth: Flourishing 24. Algorithmic Food Justice (Lara Houston, Sara Heitlinger, Ruth Catlow and Alex Taylor) 25. Being affected by páramo: Maps, landscape drawings, and a risky science (Alejandra Osejo and Santiago Martínez Medina) 26. Ordinary Hope (Steven J. Jackson)

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Book SynopsisUse your imagination! The demand is as important as it is confusing. What is the imagination? What is its value? Where does it come from? And where is it going in a time when even the obscene seems overdone and passé? This book takes up these questions and argues for the centrality of imagination in human cognition. It traces the development of the imagination in Kant’s critical philosophy (particularly the Critique of Aesthetic Judgment) and claims that the insights of Kantian aesthetic theory, especially concerning the nature of creativity, common sense, and genius, influenced the development of nineteenth-century American philosophy. The book identifies the central role of the imagination in the philosophy of Peirce, a role often overlooked in analytic treatments of his thought. The final chapters pursue the observation made by Kant and Peirce that imaginative genius is a type of natural gift (ingenium) and must in some way be continuous with the creative force of nature. It makes this final turn by way of contemporary studies of metaphor, embodied cognition, and cognitive neuroscience.Table of ContentsAcknowledgments | ix 1 The Cultivation of the Imagination | 1 2 Enlightening Thought: Kant and the Imagination | 25 3 C. S. Peirce and the Growth of the Imagination | 57 4 Abduction: Inference and Instinct | 75 5 Imagining Nature | 93 6 Ontology and Imagination: Peirce on Necessity and Agency | 120 7 The Evolution of the Imagination | 139 8 Emergence, Complexity, and Creativity | 165 9 Be Imaginative! Suggestion and Imperative | 192 Notes | 211 Bibliography | 235 Index | 249

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Book SynopsisGlobalization and climate weirding are two of the leading phenomena that challenge and change the way we need to think and act within the planetary community. Modern Western understandings of human beings, animals, and the rest of the natural world and the subsequent technologies built on those understandings have thrown us into an array of social and ecological crises with planetary implications. Earthly Things: Immanence, New Materialisms, and Planetary Thinking, argues that more immanent or planetary ways of thinking and acting have great potential for re-thinking human-technology-animal-Earth relationships and for addressing problems of global climate weirding and other forms of ecological degradation. Older and often-marginalized forms of thought from animisms, shamanisms, and other religious traditions are joined by more recent forms of thinking with immanence such as the universe story, process thought, emergence theory, the new materialisms (NM’s), object-oriented ontologies (OOO’s), affect theory, and queer theory. This book maps out some of the connections and differences between immanent frameworks to provide some eco-intellectual commons for thinking within the planetary community, with a particular emphasis on making connections between more recent theories and older ideas of immanence found in many of the world’s religious traditions. The authors in this volume met and worked together over five years, so the resulting volume reveals sustained and multifaceted perspectives on “thinking and acting with the planet.”Table of ContentsIntroduction Karen Bray, Heather Eaton, and Whitney Bauman | 1 Confucianism as a Form of Immanental Naturalism Mary Evelyn Tucker | 15 Immanence in Hinduism and Jainism: New Planetary Thinking? Christopher Key Chapple | 31 Mountains Preach the Dharma: Immanence in Maha¯ya¯na Buddhism Christopher Ives | 49 Africana Sacred Matters: Religious Materialities in Africa, the Caribbean, and the Americas Elana Jefferson-Tatum | 60 We have always been animists . . . Graham Harvey | 74 Indigenous Cosmovisions and a Humanist Perspective on Materialism John Grim | 88 Amorous Entanglements: The Matter of Christian Panentheism Catherine Keller | 99 On the Matter of Hope: Weaving Threads of Jewish Wisdom for the Sake of the Planetary O’neil Van Horn | 111 Oily Animations: On Protestantism and Petroleum Terra Schwerin Rowe | 123 Interreligious Approaches to Sustainability Without a Future: Two New Materialist Proposals for Religion and Ecology Kevin Minister | 136 Which Materialism, Whose Planetary Thinking? Joerg Rieger | 148 Rewilding Religion for a Primeval Future Sarah M. Pike | 161 Planetary Thinking, Agency, and Relationality: Religious Naturalism’s Plea Carol Wayne White | 173 Dancing Immanence: A Philosophy of Bodily Becoming Kimerer L. LaMothe | 186 The Animist, Almost Feminist, Quite Nearly Pantheist Old Materialism of Giordano Bruno Mary-Jane Rubenstein | 198 Emergence Theory and the New Materialisms Kevin Schilbrack | 210 New Materialisms and Planetary Persistence, Purpose, and Politics Heather Eaton | 222 Gut Theology: The Peril and Promise of Political Affect Karen Bray | 234 The Entangled Relations of Our Ecological Crisis: Religion, Capitalism’s Logics, and New Forms of Planetary Thinking Matthew R. Hartman | 248 Solidarity with Nonhumans: Being Ecological with Object-Oriented Ontology Sam Mickey | 260 Developing a Critical Romantic Religiosity for a Planetary Community Whitney A. Bauman | 274 Matter Values: Ethics and Politics for a Planet in Crisis Philip Clayton | 289 Acknowledgments | 303 Bibliography | 305 List of Contributors | 335 Index | 341

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Book SynopsisGlobalization and climate weirding are two of the leading phenomena that challenge and change the way we need to think and act within the planetary community. Modern Western understandings of human beings, animals, and the rest of the natural world and the subsequent technologies built on those understandings have thrown us into an array of social and ecological crises with planetary implications. Earthly Things: Immanence, New Materialisms, and Planetary Thinking, argues that more immanent or planetary ways of thinking and acting have great potential for re-thinking human-technology-animal-Earth relationships and for addressing problems of global climate weirding and other forms of ecological degradation. Older and often-marginalized forms of thought from animisms, shamanisms, and other religious traditions are joined by more recent forms of thinking with immanence such as the universe story, process thought, emergence theory, the new materialisms (NM’s), object-oriented ontologies (OOO’s), affect theory, and queer theory. This book maps out some of the connections and differences between immanent frameworks to provide some eco-intellectual commons for thinking within the planetary community, with a particular emphasis on making connections between more recent theories and older ideas of immanence found in many of the world’s religious traditions. The authors in this volume met and worked together over five years, so the resulting volume reveals sustained and multifaceted perspectives on “thinking and acting with the planet.”Table of ContentsIntroduction Karen Bray, Heather Eaton, and Whitney Bauman | 1 Confucianism as a Form of Immanental Naturalism Mary Evelyn Tucker | 15 Immanence in Hinduism and Jainism: New Planetary Thinking? Christopher Key Chapple | 31 Mountains Preach the Dharma: Immanence in Maha¯ya¯na Buddhism Christopher Ives | 49 Africana Sacred Matters: Religious Materialities in Africa, the Caribbean, and the Americas Elana Jefferson-Tatum | 60 We have always been animists . . . Graham Harvey | 74 Indigenous Cosmovisions and a Humanist Perspective on Materialism John Grim | 88 Amorous Entanglements: The Matter of Christian Panentheism Catherine Keller | 99 On the Matter of Hope: Weaving Threads of Jewish Wisdom for the Sake of the Planetary O’neil Van Horn | 111 Oily Animations: On Protestantism and Petroleum Terra Schwerin Rowe | 123 Interreligious Approaches to Sustainability Without a Future: Two New Materialist Proposals for Religion and Ecology Kevin Minister | 136 Which Materialism, Whose Planetary Thinking? Joerg Rieger | 148 Rewilding Religion for a Primeval Future Sarah M. Pike | 161 Planetary Thinking, Agency, and Relationality: Religious Naturalism’s Plea Carol Wayne White | 173 Dancing Immanence: A Philosophy of Bodily Becoming Kimerer L. LaMothe | 186 The Animist, Almost Feminist, Quite Nearly Pantheist Old Materialism of Giordano Bruno Mary-Jane Rubenstein | 198 Emergence Theory and the New Materialisms Kevin Schilbrack | 210 New Materialisms and Planetary Persistence, Purpose, and Politics Heather Eaton | 222 Gut Theology: The Peril and Promise of Political Affect Karen Bray | 234 The Entangled Relations of Our Ecological Crisis: Religion, Capitalism’s Logics, and New Forms of Planetary Thinking Matthew R. Hartman | 248 Solidarity with Nonhumans: Being Ecological with Object-Oriented Ontology Sam Mickey | 260 Developing a Critical Romantic Religiosity for a Planetary Community Whitney A. Bauman | 274 Matter Values: Ethics and Politics for a Planet in Crisis Philip Clayton | 289 Acknowledgments | 303 Bibliography | 305 List of Contributors | 335 Index | 341

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Book SynopsisContinued economic growth, human welfare, and national security depend upon constant technological progress; and the chief area for innovation in the coming years will be converging technologies, the synergistic combination of the "NBIC" fields: nanotechnology, biotechnology, information technology, and new technologies based in cognitive science. The significance of convergence was initially recognized in the first National Science Foundation conference on the societal implications of nanotechnology in 2000, which reported that the newly developed ability to measure, manipulate, and organize matter on the nanoscale was revolutionizing science and technology. This volume will mark a major step forward, for three reasons: (1) Enough is understood about convergence now to permit serious consideration of governance issues and the likely human consequences. (2) Among the many convergence-related research projects, several in diverse areas have begun to deliver real results. (3) The network of NBIC researchers and analysts has developed to the point of being a real scientific and engineering community. One cross-cutting theme will be the ethical, legal, and social consequences of technological convergence. Another is the hunt for areas of remarkable research opportunities and the transforming tools required to take maximum advantage of them. Convergence will bring new approaches to what are currently diverse areas of research, such as converging technology platforms, physical and mental performance, human-machine interfaces, human cognition and communication, education and training, work efficiency, and many others. On their own, each of the NBIC technologies offers the potential for extraordinary advancement, but combined their potential is enormous and may provide revolutionary progress in human longevity, quality of life, learning, and productivity. NOTE: Annals volumes are available for sale as individual books or as a journal. For information on institutional journal subscriptions, please visit www.blackwellpublishing.com/nyas. ACADEMY MEMBERS: Please contact the New York Academy of Sciences directly to place your order (www.nyas.org). Members of the New York Academy of Science receive full-text access to the Annals online and discounts on print volumes. Please visit http://www.nyas.org/MemberCenter/Join.aspx for more information about becoming a memberTable of ContentsIntroduction: The Reality of Rapid Convergence. Part I: Perspectives on Convergence. 1. Progress in Governance of Converging Technologies (Mihail C. Roco). 2. Transformative Concepts in Scientific Convergence (William Sims Bainbridge). 3. Consillence and Convergence: The Ideas of E. O. Wilson (Ullica Segerstrale). 4. "Converging Technologies in Higher Education: A Paradigm for the “New” Liberal Arts?" (Robert T. Balmer). Part II: Nano-Bio-Info Technology. 5. Biomimetic Nanotechnology (Osamu Takai). 6. Signal-Transducing Proteins for Nanoelectronics (Fabio Pichierri). 7. The Case for Nanogeoscience (Michael F. Hochella, Jr). 8. Nano-bio Convergence at the Molecular Level (Chih-Ming Ho and Jia Ming Chen 9. Three Levels of Neuroelectronic Interfacing: Silicon Chips with Icon Channels, Nerve Cells and Brain Tissue: Peter Fromherz). Part III: Informatics for Convergence. 10. Designing Highly Flexible and Usable Cyberinfrastructures for Convergence (Bruce Herr, Weixia Huang, Shashikant Penumarthy, Katy Börner). 11. The Problem of Patent Thickets in Convergent Technologies (Gavin Clarkson and David DeKorte). Part IV: Cognitive Enhancement. 12. Converging Cognitive Enhancements (Anders Sandberg and Nick Bostrom). 13. Affective Computing: Bio-Info-Cogno Convergence (Rana el Kaliouby and Rosalind Picard). 14. Building Personal Maps from GPS Data (Lin Liao, Donald J. Patterson, Dieter Fox, and Henry Kautz). 15. Embodiment Awareness, Mathematics Discourse, and the Blind (Frances Quek and David McNeill). Part V: Social and Ethical Implications. 16. Nanotechnology and the Human Future: Policy, Ethics, and Risk (Nigel M. de S. Cameron). 17. Rethinking Enhancement in Sport (Andy Miah). 18. Justice, Fairness and Enhancement (Julian Savulescu). 19. Regulation: The Threat To Converging Technologies (Alan S. Ziegler). Appendices. APPENDEX I: Glossary of Convergence (The Editors). APPENDIX II: Annotated Convergence Bibliography (William Sims Bainbridge).

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Book SynopsisIn a time when the relation of theology to science is in question, due in part to the unwitting fideism of religious fundamentalists and, conversely, as a result of the equally fundamentalist diatribes of the so-called “New Atheists,” How Science Enriches Theology provides a much-needed demonstration of the possibility and necessity for dialogue and integration between the two perspectives or fields of inquiry. Far from being in the unhappy throes of divorce, theology and science must renew their common commitment to the use of reason! This work is written by two formidable thinkers who have each written extensively on the foundations of natural science and related issues – including the inherently evolutionary nature and development of the cosmos. Now they team up to show the fruitful impact of science on theology as a use of reason in the service of Christian faith. In its philosophical or ‘cenoscopic’ foundations, science can support the truths of monotheistic faith and provide a corrective to both materialist and spiritualist forms of monism. Meanwhile, with the advance of science in the modern sense, the special sciences as ‘ideoscopic,’ we can see not only the traces of God’s existence, but of the Trinitarian nature of God, the Divine Persons of the Godhead, as proposed in Christian faith. Make no mistake, the authors are sure to uphold the indemonstrability of Christian-specific doctrines, such as the Trinity and the Incarnation; but, with Augustine and Aquinas, they affirm that creation is rife with traces of the divine. The validity of theology does not reduce to the deliverances of the modern sciences, but the latter can undoubtedly aid the person of faith in the “evolution” of his or her theological understanding and embrace of faith as beyond – but not contrary to – reason properly exercised. For example, the immensity and depth of our universe, as indicated alike by relativity theory and quantum theory, along with the biological, chemical, and physical diversity and dynamic stability contained within the universe’s vast limits, enrich our understanding of God the Father. Our universe’s order, uniqueness, and intelligibility suggest how we may better understand the Divine Logos, Jesus Christ. While further the evolution, freedom, and plenitude of the cosmos reveal the character of God the Holy Spirit. In How Science Enriches Theology, Ashley and Deely present a veritably “theosemiotic picture” of the universe, and one which avoids the naïve reductionisms of mind to matter, culture to society, biology to physics, and cenoscopic to ideoscopic science. But not only do the authors of this stellar book explore the diverse riches of creation’s many nooks and crannies; they do not balk at concluding with the speculative but inevitable question, Where is creation headed?, while also providing a tentative answer to how we might reconcile the inevitable consequences of the Second Law of Thermodynamics with the Book of Revelation’s eschatological promise of a New Heavens and a New Earth.

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Book SynopsisEvolution has long shaped human behavior. Yet just recently have we learned that evolution based on natural selection is not the continuous process Darwin assumed. It is instead a two-part process of change and stability called punctuated equilibrium, with natural selection operating mainly on the frontiers of change.

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Book SynopsisChallenges to Silicon Valley’s dominant role in conjuring and patenting the world’s technological futures are arising around the world. As digital media technologies emerge from new, globally dispersed locations, a multipolar order of communication innovation seems to be in the making. Yet recovering our ability to imagine futures otherwise requires negotiating conditions—economic, geopolitical, sociocultural, and ecological—rather than reproducing them under the pretext of breaking with the present. The essays in this volume examine research on such conditions critically and comparatively in a variety of geographies. Paying due attention to China’s rise as an innovative platform society and AI powerhouse, this book addresses the broader question of a shifting world order and trends that are shaped by China’s influence but that extend beyond its borders. Looking at multipolar communication innovation through various critical lenses, our technological futures simultaneously appear to be old, new, and uncertain, while the infrastructures and platforms underpinning communication innovation both affiliate communities and set them apart.

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Book SynopsisAn eye-opening look at the inevitable moral choices that come along with tremendous medical progress, Everybody Wants to Go to Heaven but Nobody Wants to Die is a primer for all Americans to talk more honestly about health care. Beginning in the 1950s when doctors still paid house calls but regularly withheld the truth from their patients, Amy Gutmann and Jonathan D. Moreno explore an unprecedented revolution in health care and explain the problem with Americans wanting everything that medical science has to offer without debating its merits and its limits. The result: Americans today pay far more for health care while having amongst the lowest life expectancies and highest infant mortality of any affluent nation. Gutmann and Moreno—“incisive, influential, and pragmatic thinkers” (Arthur Caplan)—demonstrate that the stakes have never been higher for prolonging and improving life. From health care reform and death-with-dignity to child vaccinations and gene editing, they explain how bioethics came to dominate the national spotlight, leading and responding to a revolution in doctor-patient relations, a burgeoning world of organ transplants and new reproductive technologies that benefit millions but create a host of legal and ethical challenges. With striking examples, the authors show how breakthroughs in cancer research, infectious disease and drug development provide Americans with exciting new alternatives, yet often painful choices. They address head-on the most fundamental challenges in American health care: Why do we pay so much for health care while still lacking universal coverage? How can medical studies adequately protect individuals who volunteer for them? What’s fair when it comes to allocating organs for transplants in truly life-and-death situations? A lucid and provocative blend of history and public policy, this urgent work exposes the American paradox of wanting to have it all without paying the price.

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Book SynopsisThis book is a theoretical inquiry into alternative pedagogies that challenge current standardized practices in the field of science education. Through Mandy Hoffen, a fictional persona, Dana McCullough, the author, explores how stories of Henrietta Lacks become part of a conspiracy to change science education. Mandy Hoffen, however, never expected to find herself in the middle of a conspiracy. As a science teacher of 20 plus years, she worked diligently to meet the needs of her charges, who are currently ninth and tenth grade biology students in an age of standardized testing. The author also creates imaginary dialogues which serve as the theoretical framework for each chapter. Each chapter unfolds in a form of a play with imaginary settings and events that bring Henrietta Lacks back from the grave to participate in conversations about science, society, and social justice. The imaginary conversations are based on the author's experiences in graduate courses, direct quotations from philosophers of science, historians of science, science educators, curriculum theorists, and stories of students in their study of Henrietta Lacks in a high school biology classroom. The play describes the journey of a graduate student/high school teacher as she researches the importance of the philosophy of science, history of science, science curriculum and social justice in science education. Through reflections on fictional conversations, stories of Henrietta Lacks are examined and described in multiple settings, beginning in an imaginary academic meeting, and ending with student conversations in a classroom. Each setting provides a space for conversations wherein participants explore their personal connections with science, science curriculum, issues of social justice related to science, and Henrietta Lacks. This book will be of interest to graduate students, scholars, and undergraduates in curriculum studies, educational foundations, and teacher education, and those interested in alternative research methodologies. This is the first book to intentionally address the stories of Henrietta Lacks and their importance in the field of curriculum studies, science studies, and current standardized high school science curriculum.

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Book SynopsisThis book is a theoretical inquiry into alternative pedagogies that challenge current standardized practices in the field of science education. Through Mandy Hoffen, a fictional persona, Dana McCullough, the author, explores how stories of Henrietta Lacks become part of a conspiracy to change science education. Mandy Hoffen, however, never expected to find herself in the middle of a conspiracy. As a science teacher of 20 plus years, she worked diligently to meet the needs of her charges, who are currently ninth and tenth grade biology students in an age of standardized testing. The author also creates imaginary dialogues which serve as the theoretical framework for each chapter. Each chapter unfolds in a form of a play with imaginary settings and events that bring Henrietta Lacks back from the grave to participate in conversations about science, society, and social justice. The imaginary conversations are based on the author's experiences in graduate courses, direct quotations from philosophers of science, historians of science, science educators, curriculum theorists, and stories of students in their study of Henrietta Lacks in a high school biology classroom. The play describes the journey of a graduate student/high school teacher as she researches the importance of the philosophy of science, history of science, science curriculum and social justice in science education. Through reflections on fictional conversations, stories of Henrietta Lacks are examined and described in multiple settings, beginning in an imaginary academic meeting, and ending with student conversations in a classroom. Each setting provides a space for conversations wherein participants explore their personal connections with science, science curriculum, issues of social justice related to science, and Henrietta Lacks. This book will be of interest to graduate students, scholars, and undergraduates in curriculum studies, educational foundations, and teacher education, and those interested in alternative research methodologies. This is the first book to intentionally address the stories of Henrietta Lacks and their importance in the field of curriculum studies, science studies, and current standardized high school science curriculum.

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Book SynopsisJo Bac’s groundbreaking legal study asks why and how the United States legal system should grant legal personhood to artificial intelligence (AI). This new legal status of AI is visualized as a dependent person, and the AI dependent legal person would be determined by an inextricable connection between AI and a new type of corporate body, introduced here as “AI-Human Amalgamation” (AI-HA).Artificial Intelligence has been defined as one or more computer programs with an ability to create work that is unforeseen by humans. This includes AI capacity to generate unforeseen innovations, patentable inventions, and/or infringe the rights of other patent holders. At present, AI is an entity unrecognized by law. The fact that AI is neither a natural nor a legal person indicates that it cannot be considered the owner of rights or bearer of liabilities. This in turn creates tension both in society and legal systems because questions such as who should hold the rights of AI or be liable for autonomous acts of AI remain unanswered.This book dynamically argues that the AI dependent legal person and AI-HA are necessary to address these new challenges. The creativity and actions of AI and AI-HA would be distinct from those performed by human beings involved in the creation of this amalgamation, such as AI’s operators or programmers. As such, this structure would constitute an amalgamation based on human beings and AI cooperation (AI-HA). As a dependent legal person, AI would hold the patent rights to its own inventions, thus ensuring favorable conditions for the incentives of the U.S. patent system. In addition, the proposed legal framework with the use of legislative instruments could address any liability concerns arising from foreseen and unforeseen actions, omissions, and AI’s failure to act.

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Book SynopsisThe fundamental burden of a theory of inductive inference is to determine which are the good inductive inferences or relations of inductive support and why it is that they are so. The traditional approach is modeled on that taken in accounts of deductive inference. It seeks universally applicable schemas or rules or a single formal device, such as the probability calculus. After millennia of halting efforts, none of these approaches has been unequivocally successful and debates between approaches persist.The Material Theory of Induction identifies the source of these enduring problems in the assumption taken at the outset: that inductive inference can be accommodated by a single formal account with universal applicability. Instead, it argues that that there is no single, universally applicable formal account. Rather, each domain has an inductive logic native to it. Which that is, and its extent, is determined by the facts prevailing in that domain.Paying close attention to how inductive inference is conducted in science and copiously illustrated with real-world examples, The Material Theory of Induction will initiate a new tradition in the analysis of inductive inference.

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Book SynopsisThis Handbook constitutes a global resource for the fast-growing interdisciplinary research and policy communities that have taken on the challenge of driving innovation towards socially desirable outcomes. The collection brings together well-known authors from the USA, Europe, Asia and South Africa, developing conceptual and regional perspectives on responsible innovation including issues of governance, economics and ethics. The authors explore the prospects for the further implementation of responsible innovation in emerging technological practices in sectors from agriculture and health-care to nanotechnology, robotics and artificial intelligence. The collection emphasises the socio-economic and normative dimensions of innovation, including issues of social risk and sustainability.Trade Review'After 75 years of unprecedentedly promiscuous commitment to untethered scientific and technological advance by the state and industry alike, humanity stands on the threshold of advances in human germline engineering, geoengineering of the Earth's climate, quantum computing, and applications of artificial intelligence that will accelerate our technological capabilities well beyond any capacity to steer them toward greater human benefit and away from greater harm. Racing against this momentum and the trillions of dollars that support it have been a relatively small international community of visionary scholars and practitioners who cumulatively have developed the principles, concepts and tools for assuring the wise and socially accountable governance of technology: responsible innovation. These ideas are neither radical nor utopian; indeed, they are practicable and increasingly well-tested. The International Handbook on Responsible Innovation is thus a guidebook for a shift in stance toward collective accountability for the products and consequences of our own ingenuity.' --Daniel Sarewitz, Arizona State University, US'Beyond its breadth and depth, what is most striking about this volume is how well it navigates between the theoretical and practical dimensions of responsible research and innovation (RRI). The volume thus mirrors RRI's development as simultaneously a subject of ongoing research and a matter of active policymaking, both focused on the governance of science and technology. How should policymakers address the dual demand that the pace of innovation increase to enhance societal benefits, while also advancing deliberately to avoid harming society? This volume provides the latest answers from top RRI researchers and policymakers from around the world. Ranging over the history and theory of RRI, addressing ethics and RRI, detailing the economics underlying RRI, outlining current RRI policies, and looking to the future of RRI, this work will become a classic reference point in the field.' --J. Britt Holbrook, New Jersey Institute of Technology, US'Already impressive in terms of its thematic scope, the diversity of approaches and its global aspiration, this landmark volume is, above all, testament to the coming of age of responsible innovation (RI) as a concept of practical relevance. It contains, amongst other things, illuminating discussions of the notion of responsibility, thought-provoking essays on key questions in RI, and insightful analyses of RI practices in a wide variety of contexts. The messages in bottles, released by the likes of Hans Jonas, John Ziman and the pioneers of the RI community, have obviously been found by many, and probably by many more than the pioneers themselves would have expected. Taken together, the contributions to this collection not only provide a perfect overview on the theory and practices of RI. They also show why RI is not a specialist or merely academic topic but relevant to anyone who cares about the future of our global society.' --Christopher Coenen, Institute for Technology Assessment and Systems Analysis (ITAS), GermanyTable of ContentsContents: 1. Introduction to the International Handbook on Responsible Innovation René von Schomberg and Jonathan Hankins 2. Why Responsible Innovation? René von Schomberg Part I CONCEPTS UNDERPINNING RESPONSIBLE INNOVATION Responsibility and Ethics 3. Responsible Innovation: Process and Politics Richard Owen and Mario Pansera 4. Choosing Freedom: Ethical Governance for Responsible Research and Innovation Robert Gianni 5. Towards an Ethics-of-Ethics for Responsible Innovation Vural Özdemir 6. Working Responsibly Across Boundaries? Some Practical and Theoretical Lessons Kjetil Rommetveit, Niels van Dijk, Kristrún Gunnarsdóttir, Kate O’Riordan, Serge Gutwirth, Roger Strand and Brian Wynne Governance 7. Understanding the Movement(s) for Responsible Innovation Miles Brundage and David H. Guston 8. Is Innovation Always Good for You? New Policy Challenges for Research and Innovation Luc Soete 9. First Steps in Understanding the Economic Principles of Responsible Research and Innovation Miklós Lukovics, Benedek Nagy and Norbert Buzás 10. Responsible Research and Innovation in the Broader Innovation System. Reflections on Responsibility in Standardization, Assessment and Patenting Practices. Ellen-Marie Forsberg 11. Dynamics of Responsible Innovation Constitution in European Union Research Policy: Tensions, Possibilities and Constraints. Hannot Rodríguez, Andoni Eizagirre and Andoni Ibarra 12. The Ties that Bind: Collective Experimentation and Participatory Design as Paradigms for Responsible Innovation Alfred Nordmann 13. Engaging the micro-foundations of responsible innovation: integration of social sciences and humanities with research and innovation practices Erik Fisher 14. Responsible Innovation and Technology Assessment in Europe- Barriers and Opportunities for Establishing Structures and Principles of Democratic Science and Technology Policy Leonard Hennen and Linda Nierling Responsible Innovation in Organisations 15. To what Extent Should the Perspective of Responsible Innovation Irrigate the Organization as a Whole? Xavier Pavie 16. From Participation to interruption: Toward an Ethics of Stakeholder Engagement, Participation and Partnership in Corporate Social Responsibility and Responsible Innovation Vincent Blok Part II RESPONSIBLE INNOVATION: BECOMING RESPONSIVE TO THE GLOBAL SOCIETAL CHALLENGES 17. Shared Space and Slow Science in Geoengineering Research Jack Stilgoe 18. Responsible Innovation and Healthy Ageing Ellen H.M. Moors 19. Responsible Innovation and Agricultural Sustainability: Lessons from Genetically Modified Crops Phil Macnaghten 20. Responsible Inclusive Innovation - Tackling Grand Challenges Globally Doris Schroeder and David Kaplan Part III EMBEDDING RESPONSIBLE INNOVATION IN EMERGING TECHNOLOGICAL PRACTICES 21. Embedding Responsible Innovation in Emerging Technological Practices Armin Grunwald 22. From Technology Assessment to Responsible Research and Innovation in Synthetic Biology Dirk Stemerding 23. Responsible Innovation and Public Engagement: What we can Learn from the Case of Nanotechnology Richard A.L. Jones 24. Responsible Innovation in ICT: Challenges for Industry Bernd Carsten Stahl, Elisabetta Borsella, Andrea Porcari and Elvio Mantovani 25. Ethics Management and Responsible Research and Innovation in the Human Brain Project Stephen Rainey, Bernd Stahl, Mark Shaw and Michael Reinsborough 26. Grass-roots Case Studies in ‘Poiesis Intensive’ Responsible Innovation (PIRI) Jonathan Hankins 27. Robotics and Responsible Research and Innovation Pericle Salvini, Erica Palmerini, and Bert-Jaap Koops Part IV REGIONAL PRACTICES 28. Chinese Perspectives on Responsible Innovation Zhao, Yandong and Liao Miao 29. Responsible Innovation: Constructing a Seaport in China Qian Wang and Ping Yan 30. Indian Perspectives on Responsible Innovation and Frugal Innovation Krishna Ravi Srinivas and Poonam Pandey 31. South-East European Perspectives Norbert Buzás and Miklós Lukovics 32. Responsible Innovation in a Culture of Entrepreneurship - a US Perspective Andrew D. Maynard and Elizabeth Garbee 33. Public Engagement as a Potential Responsible Research and Innovation Tool for Ensuring Inclusive Governance of Biotechnology Innovation in Low and Middle Income Countries Pamela Andanda Part V INTERVIEWS 34. Interview with Piero Bassetti, President of Fondazione Giannino Bassetti Sally Randles 35. Interview with Robert Madelin, Ex -Director General and Advisor on Innovation (European Commission) Jan Staman and René von Schomberg 36. Interview with Rob van Leen, Chief Innovation Officer, Head of DSM Innovation Center and Member of the Executive Committee of DSM Jan Staman Index

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Book SynopsisWhy do people choose to play with ideas considered antiquated? Why do they elect to act in non-productive ways? Perhaps the question can be asked in reverse: What comes to mind when we think of technology? That which is practical, efficient, invisible, fast, optimistic, constantly updated. So how can one explain the search for the opposite, that which is useless, inefficient, physically present, slow, dystopian, obsolete and governed by chance? The matter of what motivates the search for `antiquated’ forms strikes deep into the heart of value. Are people simply following trends? Are they idiots? Are they sentimental? Are they artists? Are they interested in kitsch? Are they uninformed? Are they poets? Other Paradises is a collection of essays exploring imaginative responses to science and technology, and is about people who choose to build `other paradises’, fully conscious of the alternative they offer to the dominant paradigm of technological progress.

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Book SynopsisThis Handbook offers an insightful and comprehensive overview from a geographic perspective of the numerous and varied technologies that are shaping the contemporary world. It shows how geography and technology are intimately linked by examining the origins, growth, and impacts of 27 different technologies and highlighting how they influence the structure and spatiality of society. Following summaries of important conceptual issues such as diffusion, gender and science studies, the book explores various technologies, which are grouped into six main categories: Computational: code, location-based services and virtual reality Communications: fiber optics, satellites, the internet, radio, cell phones and television Transportation: automobiles, aviation, drones, railroads, and shipping and ports Energy: biofuels, dams, fracking, geothermal energy, pipelines, solar energy and LEED buildings Manufacturing: robotics, just-in-time systems and nanotechnology Life sciences: new technologies of health care, biotechnology and biometrics. Significantly, the book includes in-depth explorations of new technologies that have so far received very little attention from geographers. This much-needed Handbook offers a comprehensive and state-of-the-art summary of the geographies of major technologies and how they affect society, economies, geographies and everyday life. It will appeal to academics and advanced students interested in geography, planning and the social sciences in general.Contributors include: R. Baghel, M. Batty, R.E. Baxter, T. Birtchnell, M.J. Blair, L. Cabral, K.E. Calvert, M. Chen, J. Cidell, J.C. Comer, D. Comfort, S.W. Cunningham, M. Dodge, A.R. Goetz, A. Golub, A. Grech, D. Hillier, A. Holl, J.P. Howell, A. Johnson, P. Jones, A. Kellerman, L. Kurdgelashvili, L. Li, H. Lin, R. Lobato, B.P.Y. Loo, A. López Peláez, E. Louie, S. Maalsen, W.E. Mabee, J.D. Makholm, J. McLean, M. Nüsser, G. Popescu, R. Rama, P.L. Robertson, J.-P. Rodrigue, M.W. Rosenberg, B. Solomon, J.D. Stephen, D. Sui, G. Timilsina, N. Waldbrook, B. Warf, T.A. Wikle, C. WilkinsonTrade Review'An innovative and most valuable tour de force about geography/technology intersections in economic, social and political contexts. The thirty one chapters discuss the histories of specific technologies, 20th century advances and most recent innovations, the leading producers and consumers and current technology/social policy issues. The technologies addressed by author teams (mostly geographers) include railroads, air transport, automobiles, ports, radio, television, satellites, pipelines, geothermal sites, dams and more recent advances: the internet, drones, fiber optics, mobile phones, fracking, solar energy, nanotechnology, biometrics, location based services, code-spaces, virtual realities, LEED buildings, gender/technology interfaces, just-in-time technologies and health care advances. An excellent source of disciplinary, interdisciplinary and international literatures. Many chapters include maps and graphics. Useful for disciplinary and interdisciplinary courses and seminars and also workshops in universities, government and the private sector where cutting-edge advances are explored. This reference source will be cited and used by junior and senior scholars for the coming decades.' --(Stanley D. Brunn, University of Kentucky, US)Table of ContentsContents: 1. Introduction Barney Warf PART I: CONCEPTUAL ISSUES 2. Technological Diffusion in Local, Regional, National and Transnational Settings Paul L. Robertson 3. Beyond the Binaries: Geographies of Gender-Technology Relations Jessica McLean, Sophia Maalsen and Alana Grech 4. Space for STS: An Overview of Science and Technology Studies Jordan P. Howell PART II: COMPUTATIONAL TECHNOLOGIES 5. Code/Space and the Challenge of Software Algorithms Martin Dodge 6. Understanding Locational-based Services: Core Technologies, Key Applications, and Major Concerns Daniel Sui 7. Virtual Realities, Analogies and Technologies in Geography Michael Batty, Hui Lin and Min Chen PART III: COMMUNICATIONS TECHNOLOGIES 8. Fiber Optics: Nervous System of the Global Economy Barney Warf 9. The Internet as Geographic Technology Aharon Kellerman 10. Tuning in to the Geographies of Radio Catherine Wilkinson 11. Eyes in the Sky: Satellites and Geography Barney Warf 12. The Geography of Mobile Telephony Jonathan C. Comer and Thomas A. Wikle 13. Streaming Services and the Changing Global Geography of Television Ramon Lobato PART IV: TRANSPORTATION TECHNOLOGIES 14. Automobility in Space and Time Aaron Golub and Aaron Johnson 15. Air Transport: Speed, Global Connectivity and Time-Space Convergence Andrew R. Goetz 16. Drones in Human Geography Thomas Birtchnell 17. Geography of Railroads Linna Li and Becky P.Y. Loo 18. Ports and Maritime Technology Jean-Paul Rodrigue PART V: ENERGY TECHNOLOGIES 19. Assessing the Spatial, Economic, and Environmental Implications of Biorefining Technologies: Insights from North America Kirby E. Calvert, Jamie D. Stephen, M.J. Blair, Laura Cabral, Ryan E. Baxter and Warren E. Mabee 20. The Emergence of Technological Hydroscapes in the Anthropocene: Socio-hydrology and Development Paradigms of Large Dams Marcus Nüsser and Ravi Baghel 21. Fracking for Shale in the UK: Risks, Reputation and Regulation Peter Jones, Daphne Comfort, and David Hillier 22. Geography of Geothermal Energy Technologies Edward Louie and Barry Solomon 23. LEED Buildings Julie Cidell 24. The Interaction of Pipelines and Geography in Support of Fuel Markets Jeff D. Makholm 25. The Evolution of Solar Energy Technologies and Supporting Policies Govinda Timilsina and Lado Kurdgelashvili PART VI: MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGIES 26. Just-in-Time and Space Ruth Rama and Adelheid Holl 27. Robotics Antonio López Peláez 28. The Geography of Nanotechnology Scott W. Cunningham PART VII: LIFE SCIENCE TECHNOLOGIES 29. Biotechnology: Commodifying Life Barney Warf 30. Creating New Geographies of Health and Health Care through Technology Mark W. Rosenberg and Natalie Waldbrook 31. Biometric Technologies and the Automation of Identity and Space Gabriel Popescu Index

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Book SynopsisThe transformative impacts of digitalization on society are visible both within nation states and across borders. Information and communication technologies are typically considered beneficial for democracy. Nevertheless, this book explores the challenges that technology brings to democracy, and in so doing advances our understanding of this crucial digital, social and political phenomenon. It contributes to the broader discussion of the relationship between international, national and sub-national norms, institutions and actors in an increasingly connected world. Insightful and current, this book offers a wide variety of perspectives in an area where there is still not yet an extensive body of research. It considers, for example: the extent to which new forms of digital political engagement change traditional democratic decision-making; how receptive national governments and authorities are to digital democratic movements; how governments can uphold the values of democratic society while also ensuring flexibility with regard to the private sector; and how we should judge these developments in light of the cross-border effects of digitalization. Understanding the influence of digitalization on democracy is crucial. As such, this book will appeal to a broad audience including, but not limited to, social scientists, policy makers, legal researchers, NGOs, governments, students and lawyers.Contributors include: M. Adams, A. Banerjee, E. Bayamlioglu, C.L. Blake, J. Cudmore, C. Cuijpers, A. Dumas, C.R. Farina, M.-J. Garot, T. Gylfason, H.L. Kong, E.A. Lazzari, P.L. Lindseth, N. Luka, A. Meuwese, L.F.M. Moncau, C. Nam, M. Newhart, U. Pagallo, I. Pernice, C. Prins, R. Radu, M.S.G. Rosina, R. Weill, K. van Aeken, B. Zhao, N. ZingalesTable of ContentsContents: Introduction 1. Digitalization through the lens of law and democracy Maurice Adams and Corien Prins Part I Theoretical and Comparative Perspectives 2. E-democracy, the global citizen, and multilevel constitutionalism Ingolf Pernice 3. In search of the Holy Grail: a principled approach to multistakeholder governance in internet policy-making Nicolo Zingales, Roxana Radu 4. The broken promises of democracy in the information era Ugo Pagallo 5. Depoliticization in the digital infosphere: When communication runs counter-democratic Emre Bayamlioglu 6. The ambivalence of the impact of digitalization on democracy through the lens of privacy and transparency Colette Cuijpers 7. Election integrity: the constitutionality of transitioning to electronic voting in comparative terms Rivka Weill Part II Case Studies 8. Digital democracy in Brazil: is technology a game-changer? Mônica Steffen Guise Rosina, Luiz Fernando Marrey Moncau and Eduardo Alves Lazzari 9. Deliberative democracy and digital urban design in a Canadian city: The case of the McGill Online Design Studio Hoi L. Kong, Nik Luka, Jaimie Cudmore and Andrea Dumas 10. Digital support for enhanced democratic participation in US rulemaking Cynthia R. Farina, Cheryl L. Blake, Mary Newhart and Chaebong Nam 11. The European Citizens’ Initiative: an effective tool to promote a digital European democracy? Marie-José Garot 12. Digital tools and the derailment of Iceland´s new constitution Thorvaldur Gylfason and Anne Meuwese 13. Digital democracy in Belgium and the Netherlands. A socio-legal analysis of technologies, embedding and expectations of two Fourth Wave innovations Koen van Aeken 14. Digitization and democracy in China: the new Hunger Games Bo Zhao 15. Internet censorship in India: Internet censorship in India: the law and beyond Arpan Banerjee Epilogue 16. Technology, Democracy, and Institutional Change Peter L. Lindseth Index

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Book SynopsisDifferent theories, models and narratives of innovation compete for both legitimacy and authority. However, despite the variations, they all offer a consistent pro-innovation bias, dismissing resistance as irrational, and overlooking the value of non-users and collateral impacts. This book asks, what has been left out? It offers a reflexive view and invites researchers to consider new avenues of research, through a critique of current representations of innovation. The chapters provide a different viewpoint on innovation by exploring what has been omitted from traditional innovation studies. The book examines imitation, non-innovative roles, resistance to innovation, slow innovation, the rationale of non-users, failure, withdrawal, collateral impacts and alternative models. Calling for new definitions and frameworks, the editors have created a critical program for innovation studies with new avenues for future research. Offering state-of-the-art discussion of theories, models, narratives and ideologies of innovation and alternative approaches, this book will be an essential resource for scholars in technology and innovation, management, engineering, political and social sciences. It will also appeal to policy-makers in the science and technology sector.Contributors include: C. Bagattolli, M.W. Bauer, L. Becerra, K. Berglund, T. Brandão, C. Cañibano, M.I. Encinar, G. Gaglio, S. Garrido, B. Godin, F. Goulet, J. Juhl, J. Langrish, K.-H. Leitner, F.-F. Muñoz, S.M. Pfotenhauer, B. Segercrantz, J. Söderberg, K.-E. Sveiby, H. Thomas, D. Vinck, L. VinselTrade Review‘There is much to explore in this volume, and much to look forward to as future scholars build upon it.. . . An interdisciplinary book such as Critical Studies of Innovation is a treasure because wrestling with these unique, and varying, perspectives can yield new insights to the -- curious and patient reader.’– Logan D. A. Williams, Minerva: A Review of Science, Learning and Policy‘Critical Studies of Innovation is a critically important and seminal work of outstanding scholarship that is unreservedly recommended for both college and university library collections and supplemental studies reading lists.’ -- Midwest Book Review‘This book provides an indispensable collection of insights into the world outside the nimbus of superiority that surrounds innovation to this day. The book is a treasure trove for any student and scholar and a must-have for any library!' -- ForesightTable of ContentsContents: Innovation: From the Forbidden to a Cliché Benoît Godin and Dominique Vinck Part I Problematic frameworks and narratives of innovation 1. Why is Imitation not Innovation? Benoît Godin 2. “Innovation fads” as an alternative research topic to pro-innovation bias. The examples of Jugaad and reverse innovation Gérald Gaglio 3. ‘Best practices’ as mimesis? Innovation policies in peripheral countries Tiago Brandão and Carolina Bagattolli 4. Innovation and the political state: Beyond the myth of technology and markets Sebastian M. Pfotenhauer and Joakim Juhl Part II What is left with the pro-innovation bias 5. Moving towards innovation through withdrawal: the neglect of destruction Frédéric Goulet and Dominique Vinck 6. Comparing two cases of outlaw innovation: file sharing and legal highs Johan Söderberg 7. Unattended consequences of innovation Karl-Erik Sveiby Part III Reactions to innovation 8. Resistance as a latent factor of innovation Martin W. Bauer 9. Socio-technical dynamics of counter-hegemony and resistance Hernan Thomas, Lucas Becerra and Santiago Garrido 10. “No” and “slow” innovation strategies as a response to increased innovation speed Karl-Heinz Leitner Part IV Alternatives frameworks 11. Learning thanks to innovation failure Dominique Vinck 12. The economic rationality of NOvative behavior Carolina Cañibano, María-Isabel Encinar and Félix-Fernando Muñoz 13. Regulatory enforcement as sociotechnical systems maintenance Lee Vinsel 14. A discourse analysis of innovation in academic management literature Beata Segercrantz, Karl-Erik Sveiby and Karin Berglund 15. Physics or biology as models for the study of innovation John Langrish Conclusion: Toward Critical Studies of Innovation Benoît Godin and Dominique Vinck Index

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Book SynopsisFollowing the rapid development of connected technologies, which are now highly sophisticated and spread across the globe, Society 5.0 has emerged and brought with it a dramatic societal shift. In 1998, Kodak, the world leader in photographic film, had 170,000 employees. It thus seemed unthinkable that just 3 years later, the majority of people would stop taking photographs to paper film and that Kodak would have disappeared. These are the stakes of this new society that is taking shape. This book, which does not seek to critique current politics, management or marketing literature, aims to fight against the excesses of this often-misunderstood Society 5.0 and to present the ideas and associated technologies that comprise it, all working towards societal improvement. Among these technologies, artificial intelligence, robotics, digital platforms and 3D printing are undoubtedly the most important, and thus receive the greatest focus. Table of ContentsForeword xv Preface xvii Introduction xix Chapter 1. Society 5.0, Its Logic and Its Construction 1 1.1. The origins of society 5.0 1 1.2. The ancient ages 6 1.3. Cybernics or cyber-physical systems 7 1.4. The Council on Competitiveness-Nippon (COCN) 8 1.5. The lessons of history 8 1.6. The decision variables of society 5.0 9 1.6.1. Which role for information? 9 1.6.2. Which role for time? 11 1.6.3. Which role for nature? 11 1.6.4. Which role for distraction? 12 1.6.5. Which role for identity? 13 1.6.6. Which role for alienation? 16 1.6.7. Which role for action? 17 1.7. The contribution of the first revolution 18 1.8. Humanity 2.0 and society 5.0 18 1.9. The new role of society 5.0: a return to bio? 19 1.10. Growing sectors and lagging sectors 19 1.11. The elements of society 5.0 20 Chapter 2. From Society 5.0 to Its Associated Policies 23 2.1. The place of politics in organizations 23 2.1.1. The three levels: strategic, tactical, operational 23 2.1.2. Politics and ethics 24 2.1.3. The relationship between the strategic, tactical and operational levels, and the organization’s functions and tasks 25 2.2. The implementation of national policies 25 2.3. The notion of walls 27 2.3.1. Different types of walls 27 2.3.2. The “NIMBY” wall 28 2.3.3. The wall between private individuals and professionals 29 2.4. New political attitudes 30 2.4.1. Vetocracy 30 2.4.2. Ultrademocracy 33 2.5. The role of governments 34 2.5.1. The protection of national industry 34 2.5.2. The limitations required by governments 35 2.5.3. The question of public orders 36 2.5.4. New cultural policies 36 Chapter 3. Industry 4.0 at the Core of Society 5.0 37 3.1. Business in society 5.0 38 3.1.1. The recent history of the decline of industry 38 3.1.2. The impact of political choices 39 3.1.3. Pierre Musso’s perspective 40 3.2. The firm: a general theory 41 3.2.1. The management of a firm 41 3.2.2. The definition of a market 43 3.2.3. The concept of productive activity 43 3.2.4. The fundamental structures of the firm 44 3.2.5. The question of the appearance of improved structures 46 3.2.6. The usefulness of the concept of profit center 48 3.2.7. The difference between functions and structures 49 3.2.8. The relationship between environment, strategy and structure 49 3.3. The determinants of the factory of the future 50 3.3.1. The main determinants 50 3.3.2. The place of digital 52 3.3.3. Direct manufacturing 53 3.4. The different types of factories of the future 53 3.4.1. Factory 4.0: “integrated logistics chain” 54 3.4.2. The Key-Technology factory: “a highly differentiating process” 54 3.4.3. The Craft-Industrial factory: “tailor-made industrialized production” 54 3.4.4. The Client Drive factory: “the customer operates the process” 54 3.4.5. The Low Cost factory: “in Open Source” 55 3.5. The regulatory determinants of the factory of the future 56 3.6. The main questions regarding the factory of the future 56 3.6.1. The location of the factory of the future 58 3.6.2. Production cycles 58 3.6.3. Finances in the factory of the future 59 3.6.4. The conditions of its emergence 60 3.7. Changes related to the factory of the future 60 3.7.1. Actions for favoring the advent of the factory of the future 61 3.7.2. The notion of industrial revolution 61 3.8. Daily management 62 3.9. Additive manufacturing technologies 62 3.9.1. CNC tools 62 3.9.2. The notion of CPPS 62 3.10. The example of the textile industry 63 Chapter 4. The City and Mobility 3.0 67 4.1. Research 67 4.1.1. The city in motion 67 4.1.2. Transit-City program 68 4.1.3. Research on smart vehicles 69 4.2. The link between smart vehicles and road infrastructure 70 4.2.1. Smart vehicles’ levels 71 4.2.2. Current examples of autonomous vehicles 73 4.2.3. The challenges of the road environment 73 4.2.4. The smart and mobile habitat 74 Chapter 5. Information Technology 2.0, the Foundation of Society 5.0 75 5.1. The reference to Jean-Paul Sartre 75 5.2. The “Sartrian” man in the digital world 77 5.3. Schemata 79 5.4. Data in their environment 79 5.4.1. The sources of data 79 5.4.2. Regulations on data use 80 5.5. The impact of the digital world 81 5.6. The digital shift of organizations 82 5.6.1. Organizations where the digital shift has been a failure 82 5.6.2. Organizations that made the digital shift early 82 5.6.3. Organizations blocked at ICT 1.0 83 5.7. ICT infrastructure 84 5.8. Primitive technologies 84 5.8.1. Text analysis 84 5.8.2. Voice recognition 85 5.8.3. The mobile phone as an inclusive technology 85 5.9. Recent technologies 86 5.9.1. Robotics and automation 86 5.9.2. Virtual reality 87 5.9.3. Computer-aided design 87 5.9.4. Artificial intelligence 89 Chapter 6. Society 5.0 and the Management of the Future 91 6.1. The firm from the managerial viewpoint 91 6.1.1. The definition of management 91 6.1.2. Management’s contents 92 6.2. The definition of market 92 6.3. Marketing 93 6.3.1. Marketing is an approach which only makes sense in a certain context 93 6.3.2. The four historical periods of marketing.95 6.3.3. The features of the different phases 96 6.4. The logics: need, desire, expectation and demand 99 6.4.1. The Lacanian perspective applied to marketing 99 6.4.2. The place of marketing 100 6.5. New managerial skills 102 6.6. Boredom comes from repetition 103 6.7. Customer satisfaction 103 6.8. Resistance to consumption 104 6.9. Recovery, gleaning, etc 105 6.10. Customer relationship management: an essential tool 105 6.11. The holistic approach to management 106 6.11.1. Sociocracy 106 6.11.2. Holacracy 107 6.12. The hacker’s position 108 6.12.1. Corporate hacking 108 6.12.2. Managing a hacking session 111 6.12.3. Human resources management 112 6.13. Feeble signals for understanding evolution 114 6.14. The generations 115 6.14.1. The Beta generation 115 6.14.2. The more “ecological” consumption of new generations 115 6.14.3. The middle-class generation 116 6.15. Skills and generations 117 6.15.1. The distinctive skills of a firm 117 6.15.2. The history of Low and Less 117 6.15.3. The cashless generation 117 6.15.4. Changes in commercialization and in business 118 6.15.5. Changes in the market 118 Chapter 7. The Consequences of the End of Major Innovations 121 7.1. The end of the major innovations: some observations 121 7.2. Marketing philosophy as a vehicle for enhancing technology 123 7.2.1. Why do we mention a marketing philosophy? 123 7.2.2. The example of Intel processors 124 7.2.3. Innovation balance 124 7.3. The new forms of innovation 125 7.4. The globalization of research 126 7.4.1. The globalization of science does not really exist 126 7.4.2. Scientific globalization is only real for mathematics, physics and health 127 7.4.3. The key point is European research 127 7.5. The globalization of scientific publications 128 7.5.1. Scientific communication: publish or perish 128 7.5.2. The solution, to expand the scope of “publications” 129 7.6. The role of bureaucracy in research 129 7.7. The role of China 130 7.8. The solution: to restore philosophy, poetry and morality to science and innovation 131 7.9. The new research in society 5.0 132 7.10. Innovation related to opportunities 132 7.11. The paradigm of innovation 134 7.12. Design thinking 135 7.12.1. Stage 1: identifying a problem and understanding its environment, “observation phase” 135 7.12.2. Stage 2: finding the concept or idea that will make it possible to find a solution, “ideation” phase.136 7.12.3. Stage 3: designing 136 7.12.4. Stage 4: building a model and a prototype 136 7.12.5. Stage 5: the assessment phase or “evaluation” 137 7.13. The risks of innovation 138 7.14. The lessons of Thomas Edison 139 7.15. Methods for innovating 140 7.15.1. The preliminary questions related to the genesis of a product or a service 141 7.15.2. The choice on whether to innovate a product-service or to innovate a process 142 7.16. Man in innovation 142 7.16.1. The human resources of the innovative firm 142 7.16.2. The answer to the society of boredom 142 7.17. The different forms of boredom 143 7.18. The transgression phenomenon and the transcendence one 144 7.19. Boredom comes from the ugly 145 7.19.1. The risk of uniformity 145 7.19.2. The search for harmony 146 7.20. The search for equilibrium 147 7.21. Design as a technical answer 147 7.21.1. Industrial aesthetics and design laws 147 7.21.2. The evolution of design needs 149 7.21.3. The use of a former theoretical approach in design 150 7.21.4. The aesthetic components 152 7.21.5. The impact of the sociometrics and homology 154 7.22. The sources and forms of design 155 7.23. The other criteria for innovating a product or a service 156 Chapter 8. Innovation in Society 5.0 157 8.1. The innovative product service 157 8.1.1. Losses during the innovation process 158 8.1.2. The question on the validation of a new product or a service 159 8.1.3. Improving a product 160 8.2. The paradigm shift 160 8.3. Mash-up forms 162 8.4. “Co” society 163 8.5. The sharing of information 163 8.6. Social networks, Internet and innovation 164 8.7. The collaborative forms 164 8.8. Innovation ecosystems 165 8.8.1. Resource centers 165 8.8.2. The concept of the Digital Innovation Hub 166 8.9. The evolution of former innovation organizations 168 8.10. Innovation in human resources 168 Chapter 9. “Co” Society 171 9.1. “Co” society 171 9.2. The evolution from prosthetic man to the current man 171 9.2.1. Types of bored men 172 9.2.2. Prosthetic man 172 9.2.3. Civilized man 173 9.2.4. Rational man. 173 9.2.5. Information society man 174 9.2.6. Augmented or improved man 174 9.3. The split between boredom and innovation 174 9.4. New innovative strategies 175 9.4.1. Innovation must be everywhere 175 9.4.2. The end of the dynamics of jealous marketing 175 9.4.3. “Co” society as a means for understanding the consumer 176 9.5. Porter’s strategic model 176 9.5.1. The notion of strategy and of strategic model 176 9.5.2. The concept of value chain 177 9.5.3. Porter’s three basic strategies 178 9.5.4. Cost strategic advantage 179 9.5.5. Differentiation advantage 179 9.5.6. Focus strategy 180 9.5.7. Development pathways 181 9.5.8. The origins of market massification 181 9.5.9. The vision through differentiation 182 9.6. Useful partnerships 183 9.7. Different types of alliances 184 9.7.1. The conditions of alliances 184 9.7.2. Strategic alliance through fusion 185 9.7.3. Strategic alliances involved via the execution of an agreement 185 9.7.4. Alliances through the integration of products.186 9.7.5. Determinants of an alliance 187 9.8. Typology of firms (according to Kotler) 188 9.8.1. The leader’s strategy 188 9.8.2. The challenger’s strategy 189 9.8.3. The follower’s strategy 189 9.8.4. The specialist’s strategy 190 Chapter 10. The Challenges of Localization, the Market, Skills and Knowledge 191 10.1. Localization is increasingly losing its interest 191 10.2. New practices related to the lack of importance of localization 192 10.3. The importance of reconstruction 193 10.4. Changes in market shares: why and how? 193 10.5. The issue of skills and knowledge 194 10.6. The notion of intellectual capital 194 10.7. Changes in operational marketing 196 10.8. Intrusive marketing 197 10.9. The use of acquired knowledge 198 10.10. Identification of regulations in documents 199 10.11. Identification of forms of commitment 200 10.12. Implementation of normalization 200 10.13. Organizational consequences 201 10.13.1. The norm as an agent for contextual change 201 10.13.2. The norm and machines 202 10.14. The impact of change on data 203 10.15. Changes in programs and processes 203 10.16. Organizational evolution 204 10.17. The challenge of generating trust 206 10.17.1. Specialized marketplaces 206 10.17.2. Rating, the representation of trust 206 10.17.3. Commitment as an ingredient of trust 207 10.17.4. The necessary confidence for inviting financing 207 Chapter 11. On-Demand Society 209 11.1. Does boredom have any influence on need, desire, expectation and demand? 209 11.1.1. Collective neurosis and diverted uses 209 11.1.2. The theory of diverted uses and the role of boredom 210 11.1.3. Examples of diverted uses 211 11.2. “Servitization”, the products and services of revolution 5.0 212 11.3. The notion of “servitization” 213 11.4. The nature of “servitization” 213 11.4.1. Servicizing 214 11.4.2. The different forms of servicizing 214 11.4.3. “Servuction” 215 11.4.4. Competitive advantage 215 11.5. The paths toward “servitization” 216 11.5.1. The formation of value 217 11.5.2. “XaaS” logic 218 11.5.3. The “rental” rather than the “purchase” logic 219 11.6. Enterprise manufacturing services 220 11.6.1. The fabless 220 11.6.2. Original design manufacturers 221 11.6.3. The example of the EMS of electronics 221 11.7. The key points of “servitization”: visualization and virtualization 222 11.8. Recent developments 223 11.8.1. Tokyo University of Technology 224 11.8.2. The SPREE project 224 11.8.3. The example of the firm Komatsu 224 Chapter 12. The Economy of Society 5.0 227 12.1. The new economies 228 12.2. The problems in the age of connectivity 230 12.3. Evolution of economy 230 12.3.1. Hunting and gathering economy 231 12.3.2. Bartering economy 231 12.3.3. Souk economy or the basis of market economy. 232 12.3.4. Production economy 232 12.3.5. Mass distribution economy 233 12.3.6. Market economy 234 12.3.7. Environmental economy 234 12.3.8. Intangible economy 234 12.4. Economy related to digital tools 235 12.5. The power of platforms 237 12.5.1. The concept of platform 237 12.5.2. The role of trust in platforms 237 12.5.3. The different types of platforms 238 12.5.4. The State as platform 239 12.5.5. Platform as a service 242 12.5.6. Marketing platforms 243 12.6. The limits of platforms 243 12.7. Free economy 244 12.7.1. The characteristics of free economy 245 12.7.2. The example of the “free” newspaper market 245 12.8. The fight against large firms 245 12.9. The notion of data visualization 246 12.10. Technology creating new resources 247 Conclusion 249 Bibliography 251 Index 269

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Book Synopsis"Digital age", "digital society", "digital civilization": many expressions are used to describe the major cultural transformation of our contemporary societies. Digital Dictionary presents the multiple facets of this phenomenon, which was born of computers and continues to permeate all human activity as it progresses at a rapid pace. In this multidisciplinary work, experts, academics and practitioners invite us to discover the digital world from various technological and societal perspectives. In this book, citizens, trainers, political leaders or association members, students and users will find a base of knowledge that will allow them to update their understanding and become stakeholders in current societal changes.Table of ContentsIntroduction xiMarie CAULI, Laurence FAVIER and Jean-Yves JEANNAS A 1 Accessibility 1Nathalie Pinède Agricultural Robotics 4Philippe Le Guern Anthropology 10Marie Cauli Art and Robotics 14Philippe Le Guern Artificial Intelligence 18Jean-Michel Loubes B 23 Between Digital Transformation and Cultural Evolution 23Ilham Mekrami-Guggenheim Blockchain 25Jean-Paul Delahaye Brain-Computer Interfaces 28Frédéric Dehais and Fabien Lotte C 33 Coding 33Nicolas Pettiaux Communication 35Serge Tisseron Community 37Edwige Pierot Computer 40Laurent Bloch Computer Science 42Jean-Pierre Archambault Computer Security 47Gérard Berry Contributory Economy 50François Elie Contributory Governance 55Michel Briand Course Guidance 58Francis Danvers Critical Thinking (Education for) 61Marie Cauli Crowdsourcing 65Laurence Favier D 69 Data Economy 69Bruno Deffains Data, Information, Knowledge 73Serge Abiteboul Digital Commons 76Sébastien Shulz Digital Humanities 79Joana Casenave Digital Inclusion 83Vincent Meyer Digital Skills Repositories 87Jean-Yves Jeannas Digital Sovereignty 90François Pellegrini Digital Transition 94Vincent Meyer Disability 98Nathalie Pinède Diversity 101Samia Ghozlane E 105 Eco-digital Responsibility 105Jean-Yves Jeannas and Marie Cauli Educational Digital Technology 109Valèse Mapto Kengne Electronic Voting 113Chantal Enguehard Empathy 118Serge Tisseron Ethics 121Gilles Dowek F 125 File Formats 125Jean-Yves Jeannas Formal Language 128Gilles Dowek Free and Open Source Software 132Jean-Yves Jeannas Free Licenses 135Jean-Yves Jeannas Free Software (in French National Education) 139Jean-Pierre Archambault H 145 Habitele 145Dominique Boullier Hacking 148Éric Zufferey Health Data 151Marie Cauli Human-system 155Julien Cegarra and Jordan Navarro I 161 Indexing 161Ismaïl Timimi Information Ethics 164Widad Mustafa El Hadi Innovation 170Serge Miranda and Manel Guechtouli Interoperability 174Fabrice Papy Intimacy/extimacy 176Serge Tisseron IT (in General Education) 179Jacques Baudé IT (Teaching of) 183Jean-Pierre Archambault J 187 Jim Gray's Paradigm 187Serge Miranda and Manel Guechtouli K 191 Knowledge Organization 191Widad Mustafa El Hadi L 197 Law (Professions of -) 197Christophe Mondou Lethal Autonomous Weapon Systems 201Thierry Berthier and Gérard de Boisboissel Library 206Laure Delrue and Julien Roche M 211 Medical Imaging 211Marie Cauli and Jean-Pierre Pruvo Medicine, Health 216Marie Cauli and Jean-Pierre Pruvo mHealth 220Bruno Boidin Military Robotics 224Thierry Berthier and Gérard de Boisboissel Mobiquity 229Serge Miranda and Manel Guechtouli MOOCs 231Serge Miranda and Manel Guechtouli Museums 234Corinne Baujard O 239 Open Science (Dissemination) 239Julien Roche Open Science (Origins) 243Julien Roche P 247 Predictive Justice 247Bruno Deffains Processors 251Laurent Bloch Proprietary Licenses 255Juliette Sénéchal R 261 Rob'Autisme 261Sophie Sakka Rob'Éduc 264Sophie Sakka Robotics and Society 267Sophie Sakka Routing 269Laurent Bloch S 275 Science Fiction 275Guy Thuillier Seniors (the Internet) 279Aline Chevalier and Mylène Sanchiz Smart City 283Ornella Zaza Social Contract 287Bruno Deffains Social Network 291Zhenfei Feng Sociotics 293Vincent Meyer Source Code 297Roberto Di Cosmo Surveillance Capitalism 300Christophe Masutti Surveillance Studies 303Christophe Masutti T 309 Training 309Samia Ghozlane W 313 Web 2.0 313Zhenfei Feng Work 316Sarah Abdelnour and Dominique Méda Glossary 321 List of Authors 329 Index 333

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Book SynopsisWe are witnessing the development of new technologies that could have a dramatic impact on markets for both skilled and unskilled labour, including the use of Big Data. In addition, many welfare states have once again been restructured, sometimes weakening states? protection of employees. This timely book provides a systematic and vigorous analysis of the impact of new technology on the labour market and different kinds of welfare states.The book offers a novel contribution to the discussion of how welfare states can be maintained and developed to support groups in society who often need aid from a welfare state system. It also highlights the risk of increased social division as a consequence of these developments, and considers whether or not our response to this divide will have negative repercussions on the way societies function.With comprehensive analysis of the sharing and platform economies as well as new types of inequality, Technology and the Future of Work will appeal to academics and graduate students of social policy and readers interested in societal change more broadly.Trade Review'Ongoing technological development brings the promise of higher productivity, increased efficiencies, and convenience, but the new technologies also raise difficult questions according to Bent Greve in this ground-breaking book concerning the impact of automation on jobs, skills, wages and inequality. Are welfare states prepared and how can they cope if there are fewer earners? Greve is the acknowledged expert on such questions. Social scientists interested in labour markets and welfare state transformations will enthusiastically welcome this book.' --Christopher Deeming, Journal of Social Policy and University of Strathclyde, UKTable of ContentsContents: Foreword 1. Introduction – the big challenges 2. New technology – what is new? 3. Pressure in modern times and in the future 4. The sharing/platform economy 5. Towards a dual labour market 6. The end of labour market organisations 7. Are welfare states prepared? 8. Impact on inequality 9. Will new types of jobs change migration? 10. Coherent or split societies Index .

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Book Synopsis'A most welcome book on the most neglected of topics by a pioneering team of interdisciplinary scholars. The volume illuminates the rendering asunder of the borders that previously protected personal information, even when the individual was in ''public'' and helps us see the muddying of the simple distinction between public and private. The book asks what public and private mean (and should mean) today as smart phones, embedded sensors and related devices overwhelm the barriers of space, time, physicality, and inefficiency that previously protected information. This collection offers a needed foundation for future conceptualization and research on privacy in literal and virtual public spaces. It should be in the library of anyone interested in the social, policy and ethical implications of information technologies.'- Gary T. Marx, Massachusetts Institute of Technology'How we should think about privacy in public spaces in a world of artificial intelligence and ubiquitous sensors is among the most interesting and pressing questions in all of privacy studies. This edited volume brings together some of Europe and America's finest minds to shed theoretic and practical light on a critical issue of our time.'- Ryan Calo, University of Washington'The deepest conundrum in the privacy world-especially, in light of the internet of other people's things-is perhaps the notion of privacy in public. Unraveling this practically Kantian antinomy is the ambitious aim of this important new collection. Together and apart, this intriguing assemblage of scientists, social scientists, philosophers and lawyers interrogate subjects ranging from conceptual distinctions between ''space'' and ''place'' and the social practice of ''hiding in plain sight'', to compelling ideas such as ''privacy pollution'' and the problem of ''out-of-body DNA''. With this edited volume, the team from TILT has curated a convincing account of the importance of preserving privacy in increasingly public spaces.'- Ian Kerr, University of Ottawa, CanadaWith ongoing technological innovations such as mobile cameras, WiFi tracking, drones, and augmented reality, aspects of citizens' lives are becoming increasingly vulnerable to intrusion. This book brings together authors from a variety of disciplines (philosophy, law, political science, economics, and media studies) to examine privacy in public space from both legal and regulatory perspectives. The contributors explore the contemporary challenges to achieving privacy and anonymity in physical public space at a time when legal protection remains limited in comparison to `private' space. To address this problem, the book clearly demonstrates why privacy in public space needs defending. Different ways of conceptualizing and shaping such protection are explored, for example through `privacy bubbles', obfuscation and surveillance transparency, as well as by revising the assumptions underlying current privacy laws. Scholars and students who teach and study issues of privacy, autonomy, technology, urban geography and the law and politics of public spaces will be interested in this book.Contributors include: M. Brincker, A. Daly, A.M. Froomkin, M. Galic, J.M. Hildebrand, B.-J. Koops, M. Leta, K. Mause, M. Nagenborg, B.C Newell, A.E. Scherr, T. Timan, S.B. ZhaoTrade Review'At a time of rapid change in the technologies of surveillance and data capture, how are the spatial and informational dimensions of privacy to be articulated in ''public'' spaces? With the disruption of the distinction between the private and the public, where, when, and how may agents reasonably expect to control and maintain their own (private) space and their own (private) business? Drawing on a number of interdisciplinary perspectives, the contributions in this collection offer some valuable insights into how we might engage with these questions of privacy in public.' --Roger Brownsword, King's College London, UK'Public space is increasingly being privatised and enclosed or is subject to invasive surveillance raising a number of social, political, moral and legal questions. Adopting an interdisciplinary perspective and using empirical case studies, this volume usefully explicates a series of philosophical, legal and regulatory concerns and suggests possible responses. Collectively, the chapters add fresh impetus and insights to a long-standing and growing concern, producing a richer understanding of the relationship between privacy and public space.' --Rob Kitchin, Maynooth University, Ireland'Privacy in Public Space: Conceptual and Regulatory Challenges is a wonderful collection of chapters by contemporary privacy scholars. The book's distinctiveness arises both from the interdisciplinary approaches used by the authors to analyze various theoretical, contextual, and empirical issues, and from its singular focus on addressing the problem of privacy in public. Rich with theory and applications, the book is accessible, timely, and will repay a close reading.' --Adam D. Moore, University of Washington, USTable of ContentsContents: Introduction: Conceptual directions for privacy in public space Tjerk Timan, Bryce Clayton Newell, and Bert-Jaap Koops Part I: Philosophical and Empirical Insights 1. Conceptualising Space and Place: Lessons from Geography for the Debate on Privacy in Public Bert-Jaap Koops and Maša Galič 2. Hidden in plain sight Michael Nagenborg 3. Privacy in public and the contextual conditions of agency Maria Brincker 4. A politico-economic perspective on privacy in public spaces Karsten Mause 5. Visually Distant and Virtually Close: Public and Private Spaces in the Archives de la Planète (1909–1931) and Life in a Day (2011) Julia M. Hildebrand Part II: Law and Regulation 6. Exposure and concealment in digitized public spaces Steven B. Zhao 7. Covering up: American and European legal approaches to public facial anonymity after S.A.S. v France Angela Daly 8. Privacy impact notices to address the privacy pollution of mass surveillance A. Michael Froomkin 9. Privacy in Public Spaces: The Problem of Out-of-Body DNA Albert E. Scherr 10. The Internet of Other People’s Things Meg Leta Jones Conclusion 11. The need for privacy in public space Tjerk Timan Index

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Book SynopsisImproving the resilience of social systems is a goal increasingly adopted in our modern world. This unique and comprehensive Handbook focuses on the interdependencies of these social systems and the technologies that support them. It explores the ways in which the resilience of elements and social systems interact with each other to promote or undermine resilience for one or both, how these interactions manifest themselves through space and time, and how they can be shaped through active intervention.Original and multi-disciplinary contributions illustrate the nuances in the way resilience is interpreted through corresponding case studies and applications. The use of diverse tools, such as cost-effectiveness analysis, multi-criteria decision analysis, transition theory and network science provides readers with a balanced treatment of both theoretical issues surrounding resilience and applications to specific socio-technical systems. Case studies from across the globe are used to discuss the ways in which natural disasters, terror attacks, cyber attacks and infrastructure impact the resilience of these systems. Timely and innovative, this Handbook is an ideal resource for university think-tanks, researchers and advanced students exploring the resilience of both social and technical systems. Planners and policy-makers will also greatly benefit from the lessons drawn from contemporary case studies.Contributors include: D.L. Alderson, U. Bhatia, R. Biggs, C.R. Binder, R. Bowman, A. Cryan, N. Dormady, D. Fannon, K. Fischer, L. Fischer, A.R. Ganguly, B. Giese, S. Goessling-Reisemann, E. Gordon, H.-D. Hellige, B. Helmuth, S. Hiermaier, S. Lehnhoff, I. Linkov, K. Maciejewski, T. Malloy, S. Mirzaee, S. Mühlemeier, K. Poinsatte-Jones, A. Roa-Henriquez, J.C. Rocha, A. Rose, H. Rosoff, M. Ruth, A.J. Schaffer, B. Scharte, M. Schneider, S. Scyphers, J.C Stephens, P. Thier, B.D. Trump, A. von Gleich, M.E. Warner, D.D. Woods, R. WyssTrade Review'If you believe that resilience is the absence of vulnerability you should consult the new Handbook on Resilience of Socio-Technical Systems. The authors succeed in presenting excellent arguments and convincing evidence that resilience is an adoptive learning system that is not only able to cope with unpleasant surprises but can also grow as a result of such surprises. The book takes resilience to an alleviated stage of organizational performance: how to deal with uncertainty and ambiguity in a complex environment.' --Ortwin Renn, Institute for Advanced Sustainability Studies (IASS), Germany'Policy-makers, business leaders and everyday people are becoming increasingly disorientated as turbulence and its consequences become more disruptive and destructive to the global community. They are in desperate need of guide to help them gather their bearings and provide a path forward, which makes the Handbook on Resilience of Socio-Technical Systems an especially important and timely contribution. This interdisciplinary compendium brings together a diverse group of top researchers to share their latest findings and insights. The reader of this volume will come away with a deep understanding of what it will take to thrive in the face of the array of stressors and shocks that lie before us.' --Stephen E. Flynn, Northeastern University, USTable of ContentsContents: Part I: Background and Foundations 1. Introduction to Resilience of Socio-technical Systems Matthias Ruth and Stefan Goessling-Reisemann 2. Towards a Responsible Resilience Axel Schaffer and Martin Schneider 3. The Metaphorical Processes in the History of the Resilience Notion and the Rise of the Ecosystem Resilience Theory Hans Dieter Hellige 4. Essentials of Resilience, Revisited David D. Woods 5. Overcoming Barriers to Greater Scientific Understanding of Critical Infrastructure Resilience David L. Alderson 6. Resilient Systems as a Biomimetic Guiding Concept Arnim von Gleich and Bernd Giese 7. From Probabilistic Risk Analysis to Resilience with Network Science: Lessons from the Literature and Best Practice Mary Warner, Udit Bhatia and Auroop Ganguly 8. On the Difference between Risk Management and Resilience Management for Critical Infrastructures Stefan Goessling-Reisemann and Pablo Thier 9. Resilience and Risk Governance: Current Discussion and Future Action Benjamin D. Trump, Kelsey Poinsatte-Jones, Timothy Malloy and Igor Linkov 10. Resilience Engineering – Chances and Challenges for a Comprehensive Concept Stefan Hiermaier, Benjamin Scharte, and Kai Fischer PART II: Analyses and Applications 11. Analyzing the Resilience of a Transition: An Indicator-based Approach for Socio-technical Systems Claudia R. Binder, Susan Mühlemeier and Romano Wyss 12. Leveraging Government Resiliency Assessments and Related Reports: Identifying and Redressing Recurring Gaps and Systemic Barriers through Content Analysis and Cross-Case Synthesis Russell Bowman 13. A Survey Approach to Measuring the Cost-Effectiveness of Economic Resilience to Disasters Noah Dormady, Adam Rose, Heather Rosoff and Alfredo Roa-Henriquez 14. Ecological Design for Urban Coastal Resilience Ashley Cryan, Brian Helmuth and Steven Scyphers 15. Regime Shifts in Social-Ecological Systems Kristi Maciejewski, Reinette, Biggs and Juan.C. Rocha 16. The reception of the resilience concept in the energy discourse, and genesis of the theory of resilient energy system design Hans Dieter Hellige 17. IT-Security for Functional Resilience in Energy Systems: Effect-centric IT-Security Lars Fischer and Sebastian Lehnhoff 18. Assessing Resilience in Energy System Change through an Energy Democracy Lens Jennie C. Stephens 19. Reconciling Diverse Perspectives of Decision Makers on Resilience and Sustainability Sahar Mirzaee, Matthias Ruth and David Fannon 20. Playable Problems: Game-Design Thinking for Civic Problem Solving Eric Gordon Index

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