Hydrology and the hydrosphere Books

Book SynopsisHydrometeorology presents an introduction to relevant topics in the interdisciplinary fields of hydrology and meteorology. This book is one of the few books aiming to provide a balance between aspects of meteorological and hydrological processes.Table of ContentsSeries Foreword xiv Preface xv Acknowledgements xvii About the Companion Website xviii 1 The Hydrological Cycle 1 1.1 Overview 1 1.2 Processes comprising the hydrological cycle 3 1.3 Global influences on the hydrological cycle 4 1.4 Water balance 6 1.5 Impact of aerosols on the hydrological cycle 6 1.6 Coupled models for the hydrological cycle 7 1.7 Global Energy and Water Cycle Exchanges Project (GEWEX) 8 1.8 Flooding 8 Summary of key points in this chapter 9 Problems 10 References 10 2 Precipitation 11 2.1 Introduction 11 2.2 Equation of state for a perfect gas 11 2.3 Hydrostatic pressure law 12 2.4 First law of thermodynamics 12 2.5 Atmospheric processes: dry adiabatic lapse rate 13 2.6 Water vapour in the atmosphere 15 2.7 Atmospheric processes: saturated adiabatic lapse rate 16 2.8 Stability and convection in the atmosphere 16 2.9 The growth of precipitation particles 18 2.10 Precipitation systems 21 2.10.1 Localized convection 22 2.10.2 Mesoscale precipitation systems 23 2.10.3 Mid-latitude depressions 26 2.10.4 Tropical storms 30 2.10.5 Orographic effects on precipitation distribution 31 2.10.6 Topographical effects on precipitation distribution 33 2.11 Global atmospheric circulation 33 Appendix 2.1 Growth of a raindrop 33 Summary of key points in this chapter 35 Problems 36 References 37 3 Evaporation and Transpiration 41 3.1 Introduction 41 3.2 Modelling potential evaporation based upon observations 41 3.3 Aerodynamic approach 42 3.4 Energy balance 44 3.5 The Penman equation 44 3.6 Sensible and water vapour fluxes 45 3.7 Evaporation of water from wet vegetation surfaces: the interception process 47 3.8 Measuring evaporation and transpiration 47 3.9 Water circulation in the soil–plant–atmosphere continuum 48 3.10 Water circulation and transpiration 50 3.11 Water flux in plants 50 3.12 Modelling land surface temperatures and fluxes 51 3.13 Soil–vegetation–atmosphere transfer schemes 54 3.14 Estimation of large scale evapotranspiration and total water storage in a river basin 56 Appendix 3.1 Combination of aerodynamic and energy balance methods of computing lake evaporation 57 Appendix 3.2 Modelling soil moisture wetness 57 Summary of key points in this chapter 58 Problems 59 References 60 4 Snow and Ice 63 4.1 Introduction 63 4.2 Basic processes 63 4.2.1 Formation of snow 63 4.2.2 Formation of snow cover and its effects on the atmosphere 65 4.2.3 Formation of ice 67 4.3 Characteristics of snow cover 68 4.4 Glaciers 70 4.5 Sea ice 71 4.6 Permafrost 71 4.7 The physics of melting and water movement through snow 71 4.8 Water equivalent of snow 74 4.9 Modelling snowmelt and stream flow 76 4.10 Snow avalanches 80 4.11 Worldwide distribution and extremes of snow cover 81 Appendix 4.1 Estimates of catchment snowmelt inflow rates 83 Summary of key points in this chapter 84 Problems 86 References 87 5 Measurements and Instrumentation 90 5.1 Measurement, resolution, precision and accuracy 90 5.2 Point measurements of precipitation 90 5.2.1 Raingauge types 90 5.2.2 Measuring snow and hail 92 5.2.3 Errors in measurement 94 5.3 Areal measurements of precipitation using raingauge networks 96 5.4 Radar measurements of rainfall 96 5.4.1 Basics 96 5.4.2 Errors in radar measurements 97 5.4.3 Adjustment using raingauges 101 5.4.4 Summary of problem areas associated with radar measurements of precipitation 102 5.4.5 The use of multi]parameter radar 103 5.4.6 Drop size distributions 104 5.4.7 Rainfall estimation using parametric variables 104 5.4.8 Measurement of snow 106 5.4.9 Measurement of hail 107 5.4.10 Precipitation type 108 5.5 Soil moisture 109 5.5.1 Approaches 109 5.5.2 Gravimetric method 109 5.5.3 Electrical resistance method 110 5.5.4 Neutron method 110 5.5.5 Gamma ray attenuation method 110 5.5.6 COSMOS-UK 111 5.5.7 Dielectric methods 111 5.5.8 Tensiometric method 113 5.5.9 Satellite remote sensing 113 5.6 Evaporation and evapotranspiration 113 5.7 Flow measurement: basic hydrometry 113 5.8 Measuring stream discharge 115 5.8.1 The stage-discharge curve 115 5.8.2 Automated moving boat methods 117 5.9 Brief overview of modern telemetry 117 5.9.1 Ground-based telemetry links 117 5.9.2 VHF and UHF radio links 117 5.9.3 Satellite links 118 Appendix 5.1 Combining dissimilar estimates by the method of least squares 118 Summary of key points in this chapter 119 Problems 121 References 121 6 Satellite-Based Remote Sensing 125 6.1 Overview of satellite remote sensing 125 6.2 Surface scattering of electromagnetic radiation 129 6.3 Interaction of electromagnetic radiation with the atmosphere 131 6.4 Visible and infrared data 132 6.4.1 Precipitation 134 6.4.2 Snow depth 135 6.4.3 Soil moisture and evapotranspiration 136 6.5 Multispectral data 137 6.5.1 Precipitation 137 6.5.2 Cloud recognition 137 6.5.3 Snow 138 6.6 Passive microwave techniques 138 6.6.1 Precipitation 141 6.6.2 Global Precipitation Climatology Project (GPCP) 143 6.6.3 Global Precipitation Measurement mission (GPM) 143 6.6.4 Snow depth 143 6.6.5 Sea ice and sea surface temperature 145 6.6.6 Soil moisture and evapotranspiration 145 6.7 Active (radar) microwave techniques 147 6.7.1 Synthetic aperture radar 147 6.7.2 Radar systems 149 6.7.3 Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM) 150 6.8 The surface energy balance system (SEBS) 150 6.9 Summary of satellite measurement issues 151 Appendix 6.1 Radiation balance 154 Summary of key points in this chapter 155 Problems 157 References 157 7 Analysis of Precipitation Fields and Flood Frequency 163 7.1 Introduction 163 7.2 Areal mean precipitation 163 7.3 Spatial and temporal storm analysis 165 7.3.1 Spatial statistical analyses 165 7.3.2 Temporal analyses 167 7.3.3 Oscillations in precipitation 168 7.3.4 Conditional probabilities 169 7.3.5 Kriging 169 7.3.6 Accuracy of the precipitation products 171 7.4 Model storms for design 172 7.5 Approaches to estimating flood frequency 173 7.6 Probable maximum precipitation (PMP) 175 7.7 Probable maximum flood (PMF) 177 7.8 Flood Studies Report (FSR) 177 7.9 Flood Estimation Handbook (FEH) 180 Appendix 7.1 Three-dimensional description of a rainfall surface 182 Appendix 7.2 Gumbel distribution 183 Summary of key points in this chapter 183 Problems 185 References 185 8 Precipitation Forecasting 188 8.1 Introduction 188 8.2 Nowcasting 188 8.2.1 Definition 188 8.2.2 Impact of errors in precipitation measurements 189 8.2.3 Extrapolation of radar data 189 8.3 Probabilistic radar nowcasting 192 8.4 Numerical models: structure, data requirements, data assimilation 194 8.4.1 Probabilistic quantitative precipitation forecasting 194 8.4.2 Mesoscale models 197 8.4.3 Data assimilation 197 8.4.4 Performance of high resolution mesoscale model-based nowcasting systems 198 8.5 Medium range forecasting 198 8.6 Seasonal forecasting 201 Appendix 8.1 Brier skill score 203 Summary of key points in this chapter 203 Problems 205 References 205 9 Flow Forecasting 209 9.1 Basic flood forecasting techniques 209 9.2 Model calibration and equifinality 210 9.3 Flood forecasting model development 210 9.4 Conversion of detailed hydrodynamic models to simplified models suitable for real]time flood forecasting 213 9.5 Probabilistic flood forecasting and decision support methods 215 9.6 Derivation of station rating (stage]discharge) curves 216 9.7 Performance testing of forecasting models and updating procedures 216 9.8 Configuration of models on to national and international forecasting platforms 218 9.9 Flood warnings and levels of service 222 9.9.1 United Kingdom 222 9.9.2 United States and Canada 222 9.10 Case studies worldwide: river and urban 224 Appendix 9.1 St Venant equations 224 Appendix 9.2 Flow in unsaturated and saturated zones 226 Summary of key points in this chapter 227 Problems 228 References 229 10 Coastal Flood Forecasting 233 10.1 Types of coastal flooding 233 10.2 Models used to predict storm surge flooding 233 10.2.1 Empirical models 234 10.2.2 First-generation models 235 10.2.3 Second-generation models 235 10.2.4 Third-generation models 235 10.2.5 Wave, tide and surge models 235 10.3 Probabilistic surge forecasting 238 10.4 Tsunamis 239 10.5 Examples of coastal flooding in the United Kingdom 241 10.5.1 The surge of 1953 241 10.5.2 Wirral floods 2013 241 10.5.3 Surges along the east coast of England, December 2013 241 10.5.4 Aberystwyth floods January 2014 242 10.6 Some examples of coastal flooding worldwide 243 Appendix 10.1 Wave overtopping at the coast 244 Summary of key points in this chapter 245 Problems 247 References 247 11 Drought 249 11.1 Definitions 249 11.2 Drought indices 250 11.3 The physics of drought 253 11.4 Frequency analysis: predictability 254 11.5 Modelling the occurrence of drought 256 11.6 Major drought worldwide 258 11.7 Examples of the consequences of drought 258 11.8 Strategies for drought protection, mitigation or relief 260 Appendix 11.1 Defining aridity 261 Summary of key points in this chapter 261 Problems 263 References 263 12 Wind and the Global Circulation 266 12.1 Equations of motion 266 12.2 Atmospheric Ekman layer 268 12.3 Fronts 269 12.4 Jet streams 270 12.5 Hurricanes 271 12.6 Lee waves 272 12.7 Land and sea breezes 272 12.8 The wind structure of the atmospheric circulation 273 12.9 Hadley cell 273 12.10 Polar cell 274 12.11 Ferrel cell 275 12.12 Walker circulation 275 12.13 El Niño/Southern Oscillation 276 12.14 Monsoons 276 Appendix 12.1 Large scale air motion 278 Appendix 12.2 Ageostrophic motion 278 Summary of key points in this chapter 279 Problems 281 References 282 13 Climatic Variations and the Hydrological Cycle 284 13.1 An introduction to climate 284 13.2 Evidence of climate change 286 13.2.1 Climatology of the last ice age 292 13.2.2 Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) 295 13.3 Causes of climatic change 297 13.3.1 The natural energy system 298 13.3.2 The hydrological cycle 299 13.3.3 The carbon cycle 301 13.3.4 Other biochemical cycles 301 13.4 Modelling climatic change 303 13.5 Possible effects of climate change upon the hydrological cycle and water resources 307 Appendix 13.1 Estimating return times for events in a long term climate record 310 Summary of key points in this chapter 310 Problems 313 References 314 14 Hydrometeorology in the Urban Environment 318 14.1 Introduction 318 14.2 Urban boundary layer and the water cycle 318 14.3 Urban development and rainfall 320 14.4 Sewer flooding 322 14.5 Surface runoff from urban areas 324 14.6 Floodplain development 326 14.7 Acid rain 327 14.7.1 Basics 327 14.7.2 Modelling wet deposition 328 14.8 Urban air and water pollution 329 Appendix 14.1 Number of runoff events from an urban drainage system 330 Summary of key points in this chapter 331 Problems 332 References 333 Glossary 336 Index 347

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Book SynopsisFloods can have a devastating impact on life, property and economic resources. However, the systematic collection of damage data in the aftermath of flood events can contribute to future risk mitigation. Such data can support a variety of actions including the identification of priorities for intervention during emergencies, the creation of complete event scenarios to tailor risk mitigation strategies, the definition of victim compensation schemes, and the validation of damage models to feed cost-benefit analysis of mitigation actions. Volume highlights include: Compilation of real world case studies elaborating on the survey experiences and best practices associated with flood damage data collection, storage and analysis, that can help strategize flood risk mitigation in an efficient manner Coverage of different flooding phenomena such as riverine and mountain floods, spatial analysis from local to global scales, and stakeholder perspectives, e.g. publiTable of ContentsContributors vii Preface xi Acknowledgments xv Part I: Introduction 1 Overview of the United Nations Global Loss Data Collection InitiativeJulio Serje 3 2 Technical Recommendations for Standardizing Loss DataDaniele Ehrlich, Christina Corbane, and Tom De Groeve 17 Part II: Data Storage 3 Overview of Loss Data Storage at Global ScaleRoberto Rudari, Marco Massabo, and Tatiana Bedrina 33 4 Direct and Insured Flood Damage in the United StatesMelanie Gall 53 5 HOWAS21, the German Flood Damage DatabaseHeidi Kreibich, Annegret Thieken, Soren-Nils Haubrock, and Kai Schroter 65 Part III: Data Collection 6 Best Practice of Data Collection at the Local Scale: The RISPOSTA ProcedureNicola Berni, Daniela Molinari, Francesco Ballio, Guido Minucci, and Carolina Arias Munoz 79 7 Data Collection for a Better Understanding of What Causes Flood Damage–Experiences with Telephone SurveysAnnegret Thieken, Heidi Kreibich, Meike Muller, and Jessica Lamond 95 8 Utilizing Post]Disaster Surveys to Understand the Social Context of Floods–Experiences from Northern AustraliaDavid King and Yetta Gurtner 107 9 Understanding Crowdsourcing and Volunteer Engagement: Case Studies for Hurricanes, Data Processing, and FloodsShadrock Roberts and Tiernan Doyle 121 Part IV: Data Analysis 10 After the Flood Is Before the Next Flood: The Post]Event Review Capability Methodology Developed by Zurich’s Flood Resilience AllianceMichael Szoenyi, Kanmani Venkateswaran, Adriana Keating, and Karen MacClune 137 11 Defining Complete Post]Flood Scenarios to Support Risk Mitigation StrategiesScira Menoni, Funda Atun, Daniela Molinari, Guido Minucci, and Nicola Berni 151 12 Rebuild and Improve Queensland: Continuous Improvement After the 2010–2011 Floods in AustraliaBrendan Moon 173 13 Forensic Disaster Analysis of Flood Damage at Commercial and Industrial FirmsMartin Dolan, Nicholas Walliman, Shahrzad Amouzad, and Ray Ogden 195 Part V: Information and Communication Technology Tools 14 Response to Flood Events: The Role of Satellite]based Emergency Mapping and the Experience of the Copernicus Emergency Management ServiceAndrea Ajmar, Piero Boccardo, Marco Broglia, Jan Kucera, Fabio Giulio]Tonolo, and Annett Wania 213 15 Data Collection and Analysis at Local Scale: The Experience within the Poli]RISPOSTA ProjectCarolina Arias Munoz, Mirjana Mazuran, Guido Minucci, Danilo Ardagna, and Maria Brovelli 229 ConclusionsDaniela Molinari, Scira Menoni, and Francesco Ballio 247 Index 257

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Book SynopsisFLUID FLOW IN FRACTURED ROCKS The definitive treatise on the subject for many years to comeProf. Ruben Juanes, MIT Authoritative textbook that provides a comprehensive and up-to-date introduction to fluid flow in fractured rocks Fluid Flow in Fractured Rocks provides an authoritative introduction to the topic of fluid flow through single rock fractures and fractured rock masses. This book is intended for readers with interests in hydrogeology, hydrology, water resources, structural geology, reservoir engineering, underground waste disposal, or other fields that involve the flow of fluids through fractured rock masses. Classical and established models and data are presented and carefully explained, and recent computational methodologies and results are also covered. Each chapter includes numerous graphs, schematic diagrams and field photographs, an extensive reference list, and a set of problems, thus providing a comprehensive learning experience that is both mathematically rigorousTrade Review"Fractures are ubiquitous in geologic formations, and they are often the key determinants of fluid flow and transport in the subsurface, controlling processes that are critical in environmental flows and in the energy transition, such as geothermal energy extraction, in situ mining of metals and minerals, and migration of radionuclides from geological nuclear waste disposal facilities. Despite their fundamental role in subsurface technologies, modeling fluid flow in fractured rocks is notoriously challenging because of their multiscale (fractal) nature, and the complex behavior that emerges from their interconnected network structure. In this book, world-leading experts Zimmerman and Paluszny present a didactive and insightful synthesis of the physics, mathematics, and computational modeling of fluid flow in fractured rock, that is destined to become the definitive treatise on the subject for many years to come." (Ruben Juanes, Professor of Civil and Environmental Engineering, MIT, Cambridge, USA)Table of ContentsPreface ix Author Biographies xi About the Companion Website xiii 1 Genesis and Morphology of Fractures in Rock 1 1.1 What Are Fractures, and Why Are They Important? 1 1.2 Formation of Fractures in Rock 2 1.3 Morphology of Single Fractures 5 1.4 Morphology of Fracture Networks 14 2 Fluid Flow in a Single Fracture 27 2.1 Introduction 27 2.2 The Navier–Stokes Equations and the Cubic Law 28 2.3 The Stokes Equations 32 2.4 The Reynolds Lubrication Equation 36 2.5 Effect of Contact Area 41 2.6 Accuracy of the Lubrication Model 43 2.7 Fracture in a Permeable Matrix 46 2.8 Fracture Filled with Porous or Granular Material 49 3 Effect of Stress on Fracture Transmissivity 57 3.1 Introduction 57 3.2 The Effect of Normal Stress on Fracture Deformation 58 3.3 Models for the Normal Stiffness of Rock Fractures 60 3.4 "Row of Elliptical Voids" Model for Fracture Transmissivity 63 3.5 Relation Between Transmissivity and Mean Aperture During Normal Compression 68 3.6 Effect of Shear Deformation on Fracture Transmissivity 70 4 Fluid Flow Through Fractures at Moderate to High Reynolds Numbers 75 4.1 Introduction 75 4.2 Approximate Analytical Solution for a Sinusoidal Fracture Aperture 76 4.3 Weak Inertia Regime and Forchheimer Regime 77 4.4 Verification of theWeak Inertia and Forchheimer Regimes 80 4.5 Experimental Data on Fluid Flow at Moderate to High Reynolds Numbers 84 4.6 Flow of Compressible Gases Through Fractures 85 5 Thermo-Hydro-Chemical-Mechanical Effects on Fracture Transmissivity 91 5.1 Introduction 91 5.2 Fracture Contact 92 5.3 Pressure Dissolution 94 5.4 Diffusion Rates 97 5.5 Solute Precipitation 98 5.6 Aperture Changes 99 5.7 Relationship Between Aperture, Contact Fraction, and Transmissivity 101 5.8 Numerical Simulations of Pressure Solution 103 5.9 Lehner–Leroy Model for Pressure Dissolution 104 5.10 Bernabé–Evans Model for Pressure Dissolution 106 5.11 Dissolution and Precipitation in Open and Closed Systems 109 6 Solute Transport in a Single Fracture 113 6.1 Introduction 113 6.2 Advection–Diffusion Equation 114 6.3 Taylor–Aris Problem in a Uniform Channel 118 6.4 Influence of Fracture Morphology on Solute Transport 121 6.5 Non-Fickian Transport in Rock Fractures 123 6.6 Influence of Adsorption, Matrix Diffusion, and Radioactive Decay 126 7 Analytical Models for the Permeability of a Fractured Rock Mass 133 7.1 Introduction 133 7.2 Snow's Model of Planar Fractures of Infinite Extent in an Impermeable Matrix 134 7.3 Upper and Lower Bounds on the Effective Permeability 136 7.4 Spheroidal Inclusion Model of a Fractured Rock Mass 137 7.5 Effective Permeability in the Regime (α/κ much less than) 140 7.6 Effective Permeability in the Regime (α/κ much greater than) 142 7.7 Semi-empirical Model of Mourzenko et al. 144 8 Fluid Flow in Geologically Realistic Fracture Networks 149 8.1 Introduction 149 8.2 Stochastically Generated Fracture Networks 150 8.3 Geomechanically Generated Fracture Networks 152 8.4 Intersections and Connectivity in Fracture Networks 155 8.5 Fracture Apertures in Discrete Fracture Networks 156 8.6 Numerical Computation of Fractured Rock Mass Permeability 159 8.7 Effect of Fracture Density on Equivalent Permeability 163 8.8 Effect of In Situ Stresses on Equivalent Permeability 166 8.9 Channels and Preferential Flow Pathways 170 9 Dual-Porosity Models for Fractured-Porous Rocks 177 9.1 Introduction 177 9.2 Pressure Diffusion Equation for the Fractured Continuum 178 9.3 Fracture/Matrix Fluid Interaction Term 180 9.4 Equation for the Evolution of the Mean Pressure in the Matrix Blocks 182 9.5 Warren–Root Solution for Flow to aWell in a Dual-Porosity Medium 184 9.6 Fully Transient model for Matrix-to-Fracture Flow 188 9.7 Nonlinear Matrix-Fracture Transfer Model 190 9.8 Multi-Phase Flow, Gravity Effects, and Other Extensions 193 10 Matrix Block Shape Factors 199 10.1 Introduction 199 10.2 Approaches to Choosing the Shape Factor 200 10.3 Some Specific Results and General Theorems 202 10.4 Upper and Lower Bounds on the Shape Factor 203 10.5 Methodology for Numerical Calculation of the Shape Factor 204 10.6 Scaling Laws for Irregularly Shaped Matrix Blocks 207 10.7 Shape Factor Under Constant-Flux Boundary Conditions 209 10.8 Constant-Flux Shape Factor for a Brick-like Matrix Block 213 11 Solute Transport in Fractured Rock Masses 219 11.1 Introduction 219 11.2 Advection–Dispersion and Solute Transport Equations 220 11.3 Numerical Solution of the Advection–Dispersion and Solute Transport Equations 222 11.4 Non-Fickian Transport 226 11.5 Channel Models 227 11.6 Particle Tracking Methods 230 11.7 Continuous Time RandomWalk Approach 232 11.8 Effects of Matrix Permeability 234 11.9 Effects of In Situ Stresses 235 12 Two-Phase Flow in Fractured Rocks 241 12.1 Introduction 241 12.2 Basic Concepts of Two-Phase Flow 242 12.3 Pruess–Tsang Model of Two-Phase Flow in a Single Fracture 246 12.4 Other Models and Observations of Two-Phase Flow in a Single Fracture 248 12.5 Dual-Porosity and Dual-Permeability Models for Two-Phase Flow 251 12.6 Discrete-Fracture Network Models for Two-Phase Flow in Fractured Rock Masses 254 Problems 256 References 256 List of Symbols 259 Index 265

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Book SynopsisProvides an understanding of the relationship between social-ecological systems and multilevel governance so that readers can properly deal with hydrometeorological extreme events and hazards Based on field investigations from EU research projects, this book is the first to devote itself to scientific and policy-related knowledge concerning climate change-induced extreme events. It depicts national and international strategies, as well as tools used to improve multilevel governance for the management of hydrometeorological risks. It also demonstrates how these strategies play out over different scales of the decision-making processes. Facing Hydrometeorological Extreme Events: A Governance Issue offers comprehensive coverage of such events as floods, droughts, coastal storms, and wind storms. It showcases real-life success stories of multilevel governance and highlights the individuals involved and the resources mobilized in the decision-making processes.Table of ContentsList of Contributors xvii Editors xxi The Series Editor xxiii Series Preface xxv Part I: Introduction 1 1 Governance Challenges Facing Hydrometeorological Extreme Events 3Isabelle La Jeunesse and Corinne Larrue 1.1 Introduction 3 1.2 Facing hydrometeorological extreme events 3 1.3 Floods 5 1.4 Drought 8 1.5 Coastal storms 11 1.6 Governance issues related to hydrometeorological extreme events 15 Notes 19 References 20 2 Overview of the Content of the Book 23Isabelle La Jeunesse and Corinne Larrue 2.1 Floods 24 2.2 Droughts 24 2.3 Coastal storms 24 Part II: Floods 27 II.1: Actors Involved in Flood Risk Management 29 3 European Actors Facing Floods Risks 31Thomas Schellenberger 3.1 European actors in the field of civil security: A competence which develops within a strict framework of cooperation between the Member States 32 3.2 European actors in the field of the environment: Powers that are paradoxically limited 34 3.3 European actors in the field of agriculture: Could there be specific powers to deal with floods? 37 3.4 Conclusion 39 Notes 39 References 40 4 Multi‐actor, Multilevel Assessment of Social Capacity for Community Engagement in Flood Risk Preparedness: Results of Implementation in Five European Cases 41Lila Oriard Colin 4.1 Introduction 41 4.2 Social capacity building framework for community engagement 44 4.3 The capacity assessment tool 46 4.4 Indicators and case findings 47 4.5 Conclusions 52 References 53 II.2: Strategies, Instruments, and Resources Used to Face Floods 55 5 Flood Risks Perceptions and Goals/Ambitions 57Ann Crabbé 5.1 Introduction 57 5.2 The problem stream: Perceptions on increased flood risks 58 5.3 The policy stream: Perceptions on the solutions needed to deal with increased flood risks 60 5.4 The political stream: Willingness to take action 62 5.5 International policies 63 5.6 European directives and policy documents 64 5.7 Experiences with flood risk management in other countries 65 5.8 Research on impacts and adaptation 65 5.9 Economic costs (of inaction) 65 5.10 Facilitating factors 66 5.11 Factors contributing to agenda‐setting 66 5.12 Conclusions 66 Note 68 References 68 6 Instruments for Strategies to Face Floods through Prevention, Mitigation, and Preparation in Europe: The Age of Alignment 71Mathilde Gralepois 6.1 Introduction 71 6.2 Conceptual framework 75 6.3 Comparison. Similarities and differences in flood instruments’ implementation in Europe 77 6.4 Discussion. Political effects, power relations, and governance choices in flood management: What do flood instruments teach? 86 6.5 Conclusion 94 Notes 94 References 95 II.3: Lessons from Cases of Flood Governance 99 7 A House of Cards: The Challenge of Establishing Societal Resilience to Flooding Through Multi‐Layered Governance in England 101Meghan Alexander and Sally Priest 7.1 Introduction 101 7.2 Deciphering multi‐layered governance 102 7.3 Methodology 103 7.4 Flood‐risk governance and implications for societal resilience 105 7.5 Reflections on the ‘house of cards’ of flood risk governance 110 Notes 111 References 111 8 Understanding Dutch Flood‐Risk Management: Principles and Pitfalls 115Mark Wiering 8.1 Introduction 115 8.2 Historical background 116 8.3 The concept of public interest 117 8.4 Solidarity and subsidiarity 117 8.5 Resilience 120 8.6 Challenges and pitfalls 120 8.7 Conclusion and recommendations 121 References 123 9 Flood Governance in France: From Hegemony to Diversity in the French Flood‐Risk Management Actors’ Network 125Marie Fournier 9.1 Flood‐risk management governance: A stakeholders’ network still dominated by central government and municipalities 126 9.2 Inter‐municipalities as new players within the French FRM governance 131 9.3 Where are citizens in FRM? 134 9.4 Conclusion 138 Notes 138 References 139 10 Flood‐Risk Governance in Belgium: Towards a Resilient, Efficient, and Legitimate Arrangement? 141Hannelore Mees 10.1 Introduction 141 10.2 Evaluation framework 142 10.3 Methods 144 10.4 Flood risk governance in Belgium 144 10.5 Comparing intra‐state developments 145 10.6 Evaluating resilience, efficiency, and legitimacy 149 10.7 Conclusion 152 Notes 153 References 153 Part III: Droughts 157 III.1: Actors Involved in Drought Risk Management 159 11 European Actors and Institutions Involved in Water Scarcity and Drought Policy 161Ulf Stein and Ruta Landgrebe 11.1 Introduction 161 11.2 Actors in the European Union related to WS&D policy 162 11.3 Roles and powers of European actors and institutions involved in WS&D policy 163 11.4 Mapping European actors and institutions involved in WS&D policy 165 11.5 Discussion 167 11.6 Conclusion 169 References 169 12 National and Local Actors of Drought Governance in Europe: A Comparative Review of Six Cases from North‐West Europe 171Gül Özerol 12.1 Introduction 171 12.2 Methodology 172 12.3 Assessment of the national and local actors of drought governance 174 12.4 Conclusions and recommendations 182 References 186 III.2: Strategies, Instruments, and Resources Used to Face Droughts 189 13 Awareness of Drought Impacts in Europe: The Cause or the Consequence of the Level of Goal Ambitions? 191Isabelle La Jeunesse 13.1 Introduction 191 13.2 Drought governance analysis based on two methodological approaches 192 13.3 Case studies in NWE 194 13.4 Case studies in the Mediterranean region 196 13.5 Drought perceptions and goal ambitions in NWE 197 13.6 Drought perceptions and goal ambitions in the Mediterranean region 198 13.7 Conclusions 199 Acknowledgements 201 References 201 14 Strategies and Instruments to Face Drought and Water Scarcity 203Hans Bressers, Nanny Bressers, and Stefan Kuks 14.1 Introduction 203 14.2 Reactive measures 205 14.3 Preventive measures 208 14.4 Adaptive measures 210 14.5 Supportive measures 212 14.6 Discussion and overview 215 References 217 III.3: Lessons from Cases of Droughts Governance 219 15 Multilevel Governance for Drought Management in Flanders: Using a Centralized and Data Driven Approach 221Jenny Tröltzsch 15.1 Introduction 221 15.2 Water management in Flanders 222 15.3 Past and future drought events 224 15.4 Governance dimensions for Flemish drought management 225 15.5 Summary and recommendations 229 Notes 231 References 231 16 Drought Governance in the Eifel‐Rur Region: The Interplay of Fixed Frameworks and Strong Working Relationships 233Rodrigo Vidaurre 16.1 Introduction 233 16.2 The water resources system in the Eifel‐Rur region 234 16.3 Beyond the water board: The role of other governance levels in Eifel‐Rur’s water management 236 16.4 The drought perspective on Eifel‐Rur’s water governance 237 16.5 Conclusions: Factors for current and future success 241 Notes 243 References 244 17 Adaptation of Water Management to Face Drought and Water Scarcity: Lessons Learned from Two Italian Case Studies 245Claudia Cirelli and Isabelle La Jeunesse 17.1 Introduction 245 17.2 Water management in Italy and the autonomous regime 246 17.3 The Rio Mannu catchment 248 17.4 The Noce catchment 249 17.5 Comparative analysis and discussion 251 17.6 Conclusions 256 Acknowledgements 257 Notes 258 References 258 18 Power Asymmetries, Migrant Agricultural Labour, and Adaptation Governance in Turkey: A Political Ecology of Double Exposures 261Ethemcan Turhan, Giorgos Kallis, and Christos Zografos 18.1 Introduction 261 18.2 Double Exposures and political ecology of vulnerability 263 18.3 Case study and methods 265 18.4 A political ecology of Double Exposure in Kapı village 268 18.5 Discussion 273 18.6 Conclusion 275 Acknowledgements 276 Notes 276 References 277 19 Drought Governance in Catalonia: Lessons Learnt? 283Alba Ballester and Abel La Calle 19.1 Introduction 283 19.2 Drought management in Spain 284 19.3 Drought management in Catalonia 287 19.4 Drought crisis in Catalonia 2007–2008 289 19.5 Drought planning in Catalonia after the crisis 296 19.6 Deliberative public participation in drought management: Need, obligation, and opportunity 298 19.7 Conclusions 299 Notes 299 References 299 20 What Could Change Drought Governance in Europe?: A Comparative Analysis between Two Case Studies in France and the UK 301Isabelle La Jeunesse, Hans Bressers, and Alison Browne 20.1 Introduction 301 20.2 Vilaine catchment and Arzal dam 302 20.3 Somerset Levels and moors 303 20.4 Methodology 303 20.5 Results and discussion 306 20.6 Conclusions 310 Acknowledgements 311 References 311 Part IV: Coastal and Wind Storms 313 IV.1: Actors Involved in Coastal Risks Prevention and Management 315 21 Sustainable Communities and Multilevel Governance in the Age of Coastal Storms 317Yves Henocque 21.1 Introduction: Addressing a social‐ecological system 317 21.2 Harmonizing coastal management, disaster risk reduction, and climate change adaptation goals through meaningful public participation 318 21.3 As a response, are national climate change strategies efficient enough? 322 21.4 Key principles and responses for building sustainable, hazard‐resilient communities 327 21.5 Conclusion: ‘Hazard‐resilient’ communities vs. ‘waves of adversity’ 335 Notes 336 References 337 IV.2: Strategies, Instruments, and Resources Used to Face Coastal Risks Prevention 339 22 European Challenges to Coastal Management from Storm Surges: Problem‐Structuring Framework and Actors Implicated in Responses 341Suzanne Boyes and Michael Elliott 22.1 Storm surge threats in European coasts 341 22.2 European governance 346 22.3 Discussion and conclusions 354 22.4 Conclusions 357 References 358 23 Perceptions of Extreme Coastal Events: The Case of the French Atlantic and Mediterranean Coasts 363Lydie Goeldner‐Gianella and Esmeralda Longépée 23.1 Contemporary society is increasingly unaware of risks related to the sea 365 23.2 Multiple factors behind the gradual dwindling of the ‘culture of coastal risks’ 374 23.3 What recommendations for public policy emerge from this research into the perceptions and representations of risks? 382 23.4 Conclusion 387 Acknowledgements 387 Notes 387 References 388 IV.3: Lessons from Cases of Coastal Risks Governance 391 24 After Xynthia on the Atlantic Coast of France: Preventive Adaptation Methods 393Denis Mercier, Axel Creach, Elie Chevillot‐Miot, and Sophie Pardo 24.1 Introduction 393 24.2 A normal storm in terms of natural hazard but a major coastal flood due to the concomitance of the meteorological and marine agents 394 24.3 A tragic human and expensive material toll due to the addition of natural factors and management issues 396 24.4 Post‐Xynthia policy: A new strategy for coastal management in France 397 24.5 Life‐saving maps: New geographical tools for a better coastal management 400 24.6 Discussion about these different methods 405 24.7 Conclusion 407 Acknowledgements 408 References 408 25 Coastal Flooding and Storm Surges: How to Improve the Operational Response of the Risk Management Authorities: An Example of the CRISSIS Research Program on the French Coast of Languedoc 413Brice Anselme, Paul Durand, and Alexandre Nicolae‐Lerma 25.1 Introduction 413 25.2 The coastal flood hazard and its likely evolution 417 25.3 Vulnerability of the stakes 420 25.4 Social representations and perceptions of the coastal flooding risk 423 25.5 Crisis management 425 25.6 Conclusion 428 References 430 26 Lessons Learnt from Coastal Risks Governance on Reunion Island, Indian Ocean, France 433Virginie K.E. Duvat and Alexandre K. Magnan 26.1 Introduction 433 26.2 Context of the study 435 26.3 Impacts of TC Bejisa and post‐cyclone stakeholders’ responses 442 26.4 Key findings and challenges for adaptation to climate change 452 26.5 Conclusion 455 Acknowledgements 457 References 457 27 Lessons from Cases of Coastal Risks Governance in the United Kingdom 461Brian Golding, Thomas Waite, and Virginia Murray 27.1 Introduction: Windstorms and their impacts in the UK 461 27.2 Events that have shaped governance of natural disasters in the UK 464 27.3 New developments in the warning environment 471 27.4 How the warning systems work now 473 27.5 Current and future issues 477 References 479 Part V: Conclusions, Perspectives 483 28 Hydrometeorological Extreme Events’ Effects on Populations: A Cognitive Insight on Post‐Traumatic Growth, Resilience Processes and Mental Well‐Being 485Mauro Galluccio 28.1 Introduction 485 28.2 Resilient ecological systems for a psychological concept 487 28.3 Psychosocial factors and post‐traumatic growth 487 28.4 Building resilience to mitigate social vulnerability 488 28.5 Post‐traumatic growth: Training for preventive psychological strategies 490 28.6 Modern initiatives to coordinate a global governance 491 28.7 The EU coordination to build up integrated resilient governance to decrease impacts on health and wellbeing due to hydrometeorological extreme events 494 28.8 Elements of conclusion 495 References 496 29 Overview of Multilevel Governance Strategies for Hydrometeorological Extreme Events 499Corinne Larrue and Isabelle La Jeunesse 29.1 Governance specificities depending on hydrometeorological extreme events 500 29.2 Actor systems facing hydrometeorological extreme events 502 29.3 Perception and strategies 504 Note 504 Index 505

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Book SynopsisTrade ReviewBecause of the simple and straightforward language used by the author throughout the text, reading this book is very pleasant. The book’s content covers a wide range of disciplines including the initial studies for implementation of the dam, design, construction and operation of hydraulic schemes.The most important issues of design and construction of dams and associated structures are analysed and described in depth, giving the reader a complete overview on the subject. The presentation of the themes is done in a didactic way, and the book can be used as a manual for engineering of dams. […] All chapters are profusely documented with drawings, charts, and photos of recent examples of achievement. Figures and photographs are of high quality. […] In short, the updated edition is an indispensable tool for both advanced students and practising engineers of design and operation of dams and appurtenant hydraulic structures.Paulo Erbisti, Engineering Consultant, BrazilThe first edition of the Dams and Appurtenant Hydraulic Structures treatise […] was in my opinion one of the best ever books written on dams, providing a complete and comprehensive picture of dams and the appurtenant hydraulic structures which are essential for their safety. I am pleasantly surprised that after only 10 years the author brings to the dam community an even better book, the second revised and enriched edition.The prime added value of this new edition is the extension of the embankment dam part, focusing on new achievements in concepts and on updated methods of analysis. Special attention is given to the advanced methods of static and dynamic analysis of embankment dams. All valuable papers in the field are reviewed and pertinent syntheses are included in the book. The second major contribution of the new edition is the chapters concerning the new types of concrete dams - roller-compacted concrete gravity dams, hardfill dams and roller-compacted concrete arch dams.I strongly recommend the book to professionals. It is also an excellent textbook for (graduate) students in civil, hydraulic and environmental engineering.Prof. Dan Stematiu, Technical University of Civil Engineering of Bucharest, Bucharest, Romania The reader will find that the book provides a wealth of examples of all kinds of existing dam projects worldwide. By providing a complete and comprehensive picture of dams the author´s work ensures that this book will be a frequently consulted reference for those having frontline experience as dam construction engineers, planners, superintendents, designers and graduate students to increase their knowledge and expertise in this field.Fidencio Mendez, Consulting Engineer, Guadalajara, MexicoThe enhanced 2nd edition of the reference book by L. Tancev on Dams and Appurtenant Hydraulic Structures has recently been published. This is not only an important reference book for dam engineers but all engineers, students and interested people, who want to understand the technical aspects of dams. The author has discussed the various aspects of dam engineering and the possible solutions based on a large number of case studies rather than focusing on pure analysis aspects. It is obvious that before any analysis can be done, the problem and the possible solutions must be understood first and it has to be demonstrated that the solutions are feasible, which is shown by the examples given. […] The author has also shown that many solutions for dams are possible depending on the topography and geology as well as on the flood and seismic hazards at the site. Therefore all dams are prototypes and none is like the other. The emphasis of the book is clearly on dams. However, appurtenant hydraulic structures such as spillways, surface and high head gates, bottom outlets, run-of-river power plants, locks, and pump storage plants are also discussed. This book provides an overview on both the state-of-practice and state-of-the-art in dam engineering and is written in a way that it can easily be understood by non-experts as well. The book is very useful and is highly recommended.Dr. Martin Wieland, Chairman Committee on Seismic Aspects of Dam Design (International Commission on Large Dams), c/o Poyry Switzerland Ltd., Zurich/SwitzerlandTable of Contents1. Dams and appurtenant hydraulic structures – General 2. Embankment dams 3. Concrete dams 4. Hydromechanical equipment and appurtenant hydraulic structures 5. Hydraulic schemes.

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Book SynopsisSediments, which constitute the surface of the Earth, start their journey to rivers with the energy obtained from rainfalls, fl oods and other natural processes. Due to transport of sediments, rivers develop with various appearances and functions, and play a crucial role in the activities of human beings and the life cycles of other species. River sediment, as a conventional topic for river management, has been the topic of continuing research since ancient times, and since then significant progresses in river sediment research has been made. Nowadays, river sediment is much more connected to the activities of mankind and other species, following the increasing awareness of the co-existence of humans and nature.Advances in River Sediment Research comprises the proceedings of the 12th International Symposium on River Sedimentation (ISRS2013, Kyoto, Japan, 2-5 September 2013). The book contains two keynote papers and 274 peer-reviewed regular contributions from all over Table of ContentsKeynote lecturesTechnical papersSediment yieldSediment transportLocal scour & erosionReservoir sedimentationSediment in estuarine & coastal areaEnvironmental & ecological aspects of sedimentModeling & measurement techniquesSediment related disastersIntegrated sediment management

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Book SynopsisGuidelines for Evaluating Water in Pit Slope Stability is a comprehensive account of the hydrogeological procedures that should be followed when performing open pit slope stability design studies. Created as an outcome of the Large Open Pit (LOP) project, an international research and technology transfer project on the stability of rock slopes in open pit mines, this book expands on the hydrogeological model chapter in the LOP projectâs previous book Guidelines for Open Pit Slope Design (Read & Stacey, 2009; CSIRO Publishing/CRC Press). The book comprises six sections which outline the latest technology and best practice procedures for hydrogeological investigations. The sections cover: the framework used to assess the effect of water in slope stability; how water pressures are measured and tested in the field; how a conceptual hydrogeological model is prepared; how water pressures are modelled numerically; how slope depressurisation systems are implemented; and how thTable of Contents1. Framework: assessing water in slope stability 2. Site characterisation 3. Preparing a conceptual hydrogeological model 4. Numerical Model 5. Implementation of slope depressurisation systems 6. Monitoring and design reconciliation.Appendices: 1. Hydrogeological background to pit slope depressurisation 2. Guidelines for field data collection and interpretation 3. Case study: Diavik North-west wall 4. Case studies: Escondida East wall; Chuquicamata; Radomiro Tomic; Antamina West wall; Jwaneng; Cowal; Whaleback South wall; La Quinua (Yanacocha) 5. Case studies for numerical modelling 6. The lattice formulation and the Slope Model code 7. Lessons learnt and basic guidelines to monitoring for general dewatering.

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Book SynopsisA stream flowing in alluvium deforms its bed surface, forming ripples, dunes, bars, etc., and, in many instances, it deforms its channel entirely, thereby creating meandering or braiding patterns. It could be said that, in general, an alluvial stream and its deformable boundary undergo a variety of fluvial processes leading to the emergence of a multitude of alluvial forms.This book concerns the physics and analytical treatment of various fluvial processes and the associated alluvial bed and plan forms listed above. Following an introductory chapter on the basics of turbulent flow and sediment transport, the book covers the origin, geometric characteristics and effects of bed forms, from small- to meso-scale (ripples, dunes, alternate and multiple bars); the initiation, geometry and mechanics of meandering streams; the computation of flow, bed deformation and the planimetric evolution of meandering streams; and braiding and delta formation. The book also covers the regime conTrade Review"From fundamental hydraulic principles to recent finding on alluvial channel formation and evolution, this monograph thoroughly reviews the hydraulics, sediment characteristics, and engineering relationships that lead to our current understanding of fluvial processes and geomorphic features in the landscape. Unifying the pioneering work of professor Yalin with the contemporary research of professor da Silva, the revised monograph includes recent lab and theoretical advances in open channel hydraulics, coherent flow structures, resistance of bedforms, application of thermodynamic principles to alluvial systems, as well as the formation and maintenance of regime channels. Professor da Silva takes on the many complex issues of open channel flow and presents them in an elegant and approachable manner, with mathematical relations and excellent illustrations that develop the respective topics. Given the vast experimental findings of the authors’ research, each chapter includes the authors’ perspective and remarks that range from pragmatic application of principles to theoretical specifics that should not be overlooked. This is an excellent reference for graduate students, instructors, and active researchers in the fields of fluid mechanics, hydraulic engineering, sedimentation, and fluvial geomorphology that is applicable to experimental and field based research. The monograph includes thorough references to both previous findings in the literature as well as sources of data for a range of fluvial research topics. Additionally, each chapter contains thought provoking problem sets for educational applications. Overall, this monograph is a great library addition for anyone working in fluvial systems."Dr. Andrew Tranmer, Research Assistant Professor at the Center for Ecohydraulic Research, University of IdahoTable of Contents1 Fundamentals2 Bed forms3 Flow past undulated beds4 Regime channels and their computation5 Formation of regime channels; meandering and braiding6 Geometry and mechanics of meandering streams7 Meandering-related computationsAppendices

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Book SynopsisUsers Guide to Ecohydraulic Modelling and Experimentation has been compiled by the interdisciplinary team of expert ecologists, geomorphologists, sedimentologists, hydraulicists and engineers involved in HYDRALAB IV, the European Integrated Infrastructure Initiative on hydraulic experimentation which forms part of the European Communityâs Seventh Framework Programme. It is designed to give an overview of our current knowledge of organism-environment interactions in marine and freshwater aquatic systems and to provide guidance to those wishing to use hydraulic experimental facilities to explore ecohydraulic processes. By highlighting the current state of our knowledge, this design manual will act as a guide to the use of living organisms in physical models and experiments and help scientists and engineers understand limitations on the use of surrogates. It incorporates chapters on the general decisions that need to be taken when designing an ecohydraulic experiment as well aTable of ContentsIntroduction. Section 1: Methods, Materials and Measurement. Husbandry. Surrogates. Flow Measurement. Section 2: Organism Specific Considerations. Biofilms. Plants. Macrozoobenthos. Conclusions and Decision Matrix.

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Book SynopsisThe behaviour of river systems is a result of the complex interaction between flow, sediments, morphology and habitats. Furthermore, rivers are often used as a source of water supply and energy production as well as a waterway for transportation. The main challenge faced by river engineers today, in collaboration with environmental and ecological scientists, is to restore the channelized rivers under the constraints of high urbanization and limited space, as well as sustainable water use.During the seventh International Conference on Fluvial Hydraulics River Flow 2014 at École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Switzerland, scientists and professionals from all over the world addressed this challenge and exchanged their knowledge regarding fluvial hydraulics and river morphology. This book comprises the proceedings of the high quality contributions of the participants, which reflect the state-of-the-art in the fields of river hydrodynamics, morphodynamics, sediment trTable of ContentsPreface Acknowledgements Organization Sponsors Keynote lectures River networks as ecological corridors for species, populations and pathogens of water-borne disease A. Rinaldo River turbulence: Current state, challenges, and prospects V. Nikora Climate and human forcing of Alpine river flow S.N. Lane, M. Bakker, D. Balin, B. Lovis & B. Regamey A sediment journey through the Bermejo River of Argentina and Bolivia: From debris flows to meandering, ending in washload M.H. Garcia A River hydrodynamics A.1 Turbulent open-channel flow and transport phenomena Measurement of mass exchange between a main flow and an adjacent lateral cavity W. Cai, M. Brosset, E. Mignot & N. Riviere Entrainment mechanisms in river embayments Y. Akutina, S.J. Gaskin & L.B. Mydlarski Three-dimensional turbulent structure and spatial distribution of tractive force in open channel flow with side-overflow N. Yamashita & T. Ohmoto Streamwise vorticity generation in a compound meandering channel I. Mera, J. Anta & E. Pena Experiments on two consecutive open channel bends A. Farhadi, M. Tritthart, M. Glas & H. Habersack Vortex interaction in patches of randomly placed emergent cylinders A.M. Ricardo, S. Di Carlo, M.J. Franca, A.J. Schleiss, P.M. Sanches & R.M.L. Ferreira Surface velocity divergence in open-channel flows with strip roughness M. Sanjou, T. Okamoto, Y. Tanaka & K. Toda Transition from permeable to impermeable beds and vice versa in open channels: Effects on the velocity distribution of turbulent flow G. Pechlivanidis, E. Keramaris & I. Pechlivanidis Laboratory experiments and shallow water simulations of gravity currents moving on flat and up-sloping beds C. Adduce, V. Lombardi, G. Sciortino, M. La Rocca & M. Morganti Investigation of the turbulent boundary layer and associated energy dissipation in an open channel flow behind a series of regular grids T.A. Earl, S. Cochard, L. Thomas & L. David Effect of spatial average on turbulence measurement D. Li, Q. Lin, J. Zhuang & X. Wang Experimental characterization of the near-wall turbulence in rough supercritical flows E. Carvalho, R. Maia, R. Aleixo & R. Ferreira Mechanical model for velocity profile and flow resistance G. Smart Investigation of the impacts of coherent flow structures upon turbulence properties in regions of fluvial scour H. Maity & B.S. Mazumder Numerical modeling of complex solid-fluid flows with meshless methods R.B. Canelas, R.M.L. Ferreira, A.J.C. Crespo & J.M. Dominguez A new immersed boundary method for simulating free-surface flows around arbitrary objects X. Liu Dispersion of a passive scalar in turbulent open channel flow S. Bomminayuni, T. Stoesser & N. Ruether Spatial development of a constant-depth shallow mixing layer in a long channel Z. Cheng & G. Constantinescu Prediction of compound channel secondary flows using anisotropic turbulence models M.S. Filonovich, L.R. Rojas-Solorzano & J.B. Leal Flow in compound open-channels: Investigation of small-scale eddy viscosity variability using a Smagorinsky turbulence closure model C. Pham Van, E. Deleersnijder, D. Bousmar & S. Soares-Frazao Numerical study on secondary currents of the second kind in wide shallow open channel flows R. Suzuki, I. Kimura, Y. Shimizu, T. Iwasaki & T. Hosoda Large Eddy Simulation of gravity currents moving on up-sloping boundaries L. Ottolenghi, C. Adduce, R. Inghilesi, F. Roman & V. Armenio Density current propagation in a tidal river M.R. Soliman, S. Ushijima & S. Kantouch Modeling of the spread of thermal pollution in rivers with limited data M.B. Kalinowska & P.M. Rowinski Simple depth-averaged model considering deformation of velocity distribution for hydraulic jump and bore T. Hosoda & M.N. Langhi In situ measurement of advection-dispersion processes in a torrential river, comparison with numerical modeling A. Hauet, G. Buannic, G. Antoine, M. Jodeau, M. Esteves & F. Thollet Discharge distribution and salt water intrusion in the Rhine-Meuse river delta network N.E. Vellinga, M. van der Vegt, A.J.F. Hoitink & P. Hoekstra Two-dimensional hydrodynamic model of the St. Lawrence fluvial estuary P. Matte, Y. Secretan & J. Morin Experimental investigation of a propeller jet induced velocity field P. Nardone, P. Geisenhainer, Ka. Koll & C. Di Cristo A study in hydraulic performance indices for sediment retention ponds A. Farjood, B.W. Melville & A.Y. Shamseldin On the re-aeration coefficient in channels of complex shape S.G. Wallis, J.R. Manson & B.O.L. Demars Prediction of velocity profile in river bends: A hydraulic geometry approach S. Fasihi, E. Karrabi & J. Attari A.2 Bed roughness and flow resistance Direct measurement of river-bed form resistance in rivers with sand waves Y. Motonaga, A. Yorozuya, Y. Iwami & M. Yamasaka Near-bed flow over a fixed gravel bed H. Friedrich, S.M. Spiller & N. Ruther Roughness parameters in shallow open-channel flows O. Eiff, E. Florens & F.Y. Moulin Roughness coefficient determination and fine scale flow field characterisation of fish baffles in HDPE slip lined culverts J. Duguay, R.W.J. Lacey, E. Jaillet & F. Floriani Shallow gravel-bed river flows: The behaviour of the free surface and the flow information contained within A. Nichols, K.V. Horoshenkov & S.J. Tait Assessing surface DEM and roughness with a 3D-printed gravel bed S. Bertin, H. Friedrich, P. Delmas, E. Chan & G. Gimel'farb Turbulent flow over fast moving dunes: Improved method for studies in natural streams J. Krick & A. Sukhodolov Simulation of the free surface and flow velocity in depth-limited flows over rough beds E. Gabreil, S. Shao & S. Tait A numerical calculation method for flow in the presence of isolated boulders atop a rough bed by using an enhanced depth integrated model with a non-equilibrium resistance law T. Uchida, S. Fukuoka, A.N. Papanicolaou & A.G. Tsakiris Sphere drag revisited using Shuffled Complex Evolution algorithm R. Barati, S.A.A. Salehi Neyshabouri & G. Ahmadi Field measurements of mean velocity and boundary shear stress with an acoustic Doppler current profiler J. Petrie, P. Diplas, M. Gutierrez & S. Nam Stage discharge prediction for highly sinuous meandering channels S.S. Dash & K.K. Khatua Bathymetric changes, roughness and conveyance of a compound, regulated by groynes river channel during low and high water conditions R. Banasiak, M. Krzyzanowski, J. Gierczak & M. Wdowikowski Explicit computation of bed form roughness for operational flood modelling, a case study for the river Rhine J.J. Warmink & R.M.J. Schielen A.3 Vegetated flows Physically and numerically modelling turbulent flow in a patchy open channel O.P. Folorunso, J. Bridgeman & M. Sterling Diverging flow and 3-D flow structure at leading edge and in interior of submerged vegetation patch T. Okamoto, M. Sanjou, S. Aoki, K. Toda & I. Nezu Patches in a side-by-side configuration: A description of the flow and deposition fields D. Meire, J. Kondziolka & H.M. Nepf LES of turbulent flows in open channel with patched vegetation zones S. Yokojima, Y. Kawahara & K. Matsubara LES of flow past a submerged circular patch of vegetation W.Y. Chang, G. Constantinescu & W.F. Tsai Relation between sandbar mode and vegetation expansion in sand-bed river Y. Toda, S.N. Kim, T. Tsujimoto & N. Sakai Development of coherent structure and turbulence behind a finite-length emergent vegetation patch in open-channel flow T. Okamoto, M. Sanjou, S. Aoki, K. Toda & I. Nezu Soil in braided rivers: An overlooked component of braided river morphodynamics N. Batz, E.P. Verrecchia & S.N. Lane Influence of vegetated bed material on erosional patterns of meandering rivers: Preliminary experimental results D. Termini Flow-induced uprooting of young vegetation on river bedforms K. Edmaier, B. Crouzy & P. Perona Modelling river flow responses to weed management P. Rameshwaran, A. Sutcliffe, P. Naden & G. Wharton Field experiments in vegetated groyne fields A.N. Sukhodolov & T.A. Sukhodolova Effects of trees along floodplain edges on the flow structure in compound meandering channel Y. Kawahara, R. Tsubaki & F.S. Nhavotso Flow and bedload transport in a straight compound channel with vegetation roughened floodplains M. Khademishamami, M.H. Omid & J. Farhoudi Numerical simulation of exchange flow between open water and floating vegetation M. Tsakiri & P. Prinos Extending the canopy flow model for natural, highly flexible macrophyte canopies T.I. Marjoribanks, R.J. Hardy, S.N. Lane & D.R. Parsons Dynamic drag modeling of submerged aquatic vegetation canopy flows T.I. Marjoribanks, R.J. Hardy, S.N. Lane & D.R. Parsons Reynolds stress modeling of 3-D turbulent flow in a partially vegetated open channel T. Koftis, P. Prinos & C. Papakyritsis Measurements of drag force of cylindrical rods and trees in a river K. Shiono, E. Ferreira, J.H. Chandler, R. Wackrow & T. Ishigaki Spatially varying stem drag forces in vegetated mixing layers L. Buckman, W.S.J. Uijttewaal, W.E. Penning & J.T. Dijkstra Experimental assessment of riverbed sediment reinforcement by vegetation roots N. Pasquale & P. Perona Analysis of equivalent Manning's roughness coefficient for trees vegetated on floodplain K. Michioku, S. Kometani, T. Uotani, K. Kanda, Y. Irie & K. Yanagida Development and application of vegetation dynamics model for effective river management tasks in the Asahi River, Japan K. Yoshida, S. Maeno, S. Matsuyama & S. Fujita Vegetation effects on vertical jet structures M. Ben Meftah, D. Malcangio & M. Mossa A.4 Overbank flows and flood propagation A coupled surface-subsurface model of overbank flood flow and air entrapment in a permeable floodplain D. Pokrajac & M.J.S. de Lemos Celerity of kinematic wave in trapezoidal channel S.B. Sokolov & E.E. Egorov A conservative strategy to couple 1D and 2D numerical models: Application to flooding simulations M. Morales-Hernandez, J. Murillo, A. Lacasta, P. Brufau & P. Garcia-Navarro Unsteady characteristics of tsunami flow propagating over a land after overtopping seawall H. Shirai & T. Hosoda 2D shallow water GPU parallelized scheme for high resolution real-field flood simulations R. Vacondio, F. Aureli, P. Mignosa & A. Dal Palu Analysis of depth averaged velocity in meandering compound channels K.C. Patra, E. Padhi, L. Mohanty & M. Patnaik Prediction of energy loss along the non-prismatic reach of a compound channel using ANN B. Naik, K.K. Khatua & K. Miri Composite roughness for rough compound channels S. Pradhan & K.K. Khatua A.5 Interaction between river flow and structures Numerical simulation of turbulent flow in open channel with groynes Th.I. Koutrouveli, N.Th. Fourniotis, A.C. Demetracopoulos & A.A. Dimas Influence of submerged groynes on turbulence and flow structure at Sawmill Creek in Ottawa, Canada M.A. Ruta, C.D. Rennie, R.D. Townsend & E.C. Jamieson Submergence effect on flow and resistance due to a single groyne A. Kadota & W.S.J. Uijttewaal Three-dimensional flow structures around large-scale groins on the flood plain in the Kiso River T. Ito & A. Tominaga Water surface response to flow through bridge openings S. Kara, S. Mulahasan, T. Stoesser & T.W. Sturm Physics of shallow recirculation zones downstream lateral expansions M. Chatelain, L. Han, N. Riviere & E. Mignot A comparison of wood-sediment-water mixture flows at a closed type and an open type of check dams in mountain rivers F. Maricar & H. Hashimoto Log jam formation by an obstruction in a river M.I. Rusyda, H. Hashimoto & S. Ikematsu Contribution of riprap to local turbulence at the downstream of a low-head sill C.C. Wu, Y.Y. Wu, C.Y. Tao & K.H. Wu Representing skewed bridge crossing on 1-D and 2-D flood propagation models: Compared analysis in practical studies P. Costabile, F. Macchione, G. Petaccia & L. Natale Experimental investigation on the flow field around a spur dike in a 90 sharp bend M. Mehraein, M. Ghodsian & S.A. Najibi Experimental study on the discharge released by Bric Zerbino Dam spillways A. Fenocchi & G. Petaccia B River morphology and sediment transport B.1 Mechanics of sediment transport Particle motion of bed-load sediment moving over a smooth bed J. Campagnol, F. Ballio, S.A. Hosseini Sadabadi & H. Sazadul Modelling the non-uniform sediment transport by means of the statistical moment approach G. Rosatti, G. Garegnani & A. Armanini Experimental investigation on vertical size sorting using spherical glass beads A.R. Dudill, P. Frey & M. Church Experimental study of sheet flow regime of sediment transport in a laboratory flume T. Revil-Baudard, J. Chauchat, D. Hurther & E. Barthelemy Experiments in shear flow of granular-fluid suspension and dense mixture A.M. Pellegrino, L. Schippa, E. Guazzelli & O. Pouliquen Effects of particle collisions on motions of mixed-size particles and bed structures T. Fukuda & S. Fukuoka Laboratory study on transport of nonuniform bed material particles M. Sajedi sabegh, M. Habibi, J. Soltani & M.M. Vafaee Shields diagram's extension for applications in steady non-uniform flows J.S.A. do Carmo Comparison of two models for bed load sediment transport in rivers A. Paquier, B. Camenen, J. Le Coz & C. Beraud Numerical simulation of the sediment transport in the saltation regime R. Barati, S.A.A. Salehi Neyshabouri & G. Ahmadi A natural-scale study of cohesive sediment transport: The Misa River case M. Brocchini, A. Russo, J. Calantoni, A.H. Reed, M. Postacchini, C. Lorenzoni, S. Corvaro, A. Mancinelli, G. Moriconi & L. Soldini Applicability of kinematic wave approximation to shallow mud-flows with a yield stress C. Gisonni, M. Iervolino, A. Vacca & C. Di Cristo The role of interphase forces in submerged granular flows driven by gravity E. Nucci, A. Armanini & M. Larcher Large eddy simulation of suspended sediment transport M. Dallali & V. Armenio Ripple formation and sediment suspension events in unsteady depth varying open channel flow F. Bagherimiyab, A. Roy & U. Lemmin Coherent structures in open channel flows with bed load transport over an hydraulically rough bed B.O. Santos, M.J. Franca & R.M.L. Ferreira Flow and turbulence characterization as an onset for assessing the stability of gravel beds D. Duma, S. Erpicum, P. Archambeau, M. Pirotton & B. Dewals Sediment transport in steep channels with large roughness elements T. Ghilardi, M.J. Franca & A.J. Schleiss Tracking bed load particles in a steep flume: Methods and results J. Heyman & C. Ancey Intense transport of bed load in steep flume V. Matousek & J. Krupicka Bedload particle velocity in supercritical open channel flows C. Auel, I. Albayrak & R.M. Boes Study of sediment transport using soft computing technique H. Bonakdari & I. Ebtehaj Reconstruction of event-related bed-load transport processes in alpine catchments-application of TomSed on a large spatial scale B. Gems, M. Sturm, M. Aufleger & J. Neuner Influence of river ice break-up on stream hydraulics and sediment transport S.G.A. Zare, S.A. Moore, C.D. Rennie, O. Seidou & H. Ahmari Analysis of suspended sediment transport data in the River Nile B.A. Zaid, Ka. Koll, J.-U. Wiesemann & A.S. Elzein Quantification of suspended load, sinks and sources for a sediment budget of the German river Rhine N. Gehres, B. Brandstetter, G. Hillebrand, S. Vollmer, K. Banhold, R.M. Frings & H. Schuttrumpf Non-uniform sediment input of the middle Yangtze River, China H. Ge, R. Huang & L. Zhu B.2 River morphology and morphodynamics Morphodynamic differences induced by different confluence angles in widen confluences S. Guillen, M.J. Franca, A.J. Schleiss & A.H. Cardoso Flow patterns in an open channel confluence with a small ratio of main channel to tributary discharge L. Schindfessel, S. Creelle, T. Boelens & T. De Mulder Effect of bed elevation discordance in the main river on the confluence hydrodynamics in 90 straight-channels' confluences D. Dordevic Three dimensional flow field at confluent fixed-bed open channels O. Birjukova, S. Guillen, F. Alegria & A.H. Cardoso Numerical simulation of local tributary widening impacts on hydro-morphological processes of river confluence using CCHE2D M. Rostami & S. Habibi Characterization of confluences of free meander trains at the upper Amazon basin R. Gutierrez, M. Choi, J. Abad & H. Montoro Trapping effect of fine sediment in Wando K. Uno, G. Tsujimoto, T. Kakinoki & N. Kazuuma Sediment transport distribution along developing sand dunes S. Naqshband, J.S. Ribberink, S.J.M.H. Hulscher & D. Hurther Modelling time dependent flow fields over three dimensional dunes R.J. Hardy, T.I. Marjoribanks, D.R. Parsons, A.J. Reesink, B. Murphy, P.J. Ashworth & J.L. Best Coupled numerical simulation of flow and bed and suspended sediment transport over dunes based on the Immersed Boundary method G.A. Leftheriotis & A.A. Dimas Objective method for ranking bedforms with a 3-dimensionality-index F. Nunez-Gonzalez, D. Hesse, B. Ettmer & O. Link Modelling the transition from dunes to the upper-stage plane bed O.J.M. van Duin & S.J.M.H. Hulscher Occurrence and characterization of bed forms at the Danube to the east of Vienna M. Liedermann, P. Gmeiner, M. Tritthart, M. Glas & H. Habersack Flow structure and large scale turbulence in an open channel bend of strong curvature with flat and deformed bed G. Constantinescu & M. Koken The wall shear velocity, u*, in fixed and eroded beds of 180 -curved open channel flow B.A. Kironoto, B.Y. Istiarto, D. Legono, Sumiadi & P.A.B. Sangging Numerical modeling of dune progression in a high-amplitude meandering channel A. Mendoza, D. Wang, J.D. Abad, E.J. Langendoen, P. Tassi & K. El Kadi Abderrezzak 2D and 3D numerical simulations of morphodynamics structures in large-amplitude meanders D. Wang, P. Tassi, K. El Kadi Abderrezzak, A. Mendoza, J.D. Abad & E. Langendoen Modulation of the flow structure by progressive bed forms in the Meandering Wabash River J. Abad, C. Frias, K. Konsoer, J. Best, B. Rhoads, E. Langendoen & M.H. Garcia Ecomorphodynamic conditions for the emergence of river anabranching patterns B. Crouzy, D. Wuthrich, P. Perona & P. D'Odorico Integration of a geotechnical model within a morphodynamic model to investigate river meandering processes Y.Y. Rousseau, M.J. Van de Wiel & P.M. Biron Numerical studies on bed variations under interactions of vegetation and bank strength T. Uchida, I. Kimura, Y. Shimizu & S. Kawamura Stability analysis on periodically changing of channel width Y. Watanabe & K. Hasegawa A diffusive 1D model for the evolution of a braided network subject to varying sediment supply M. Redolfi & M. Tubino Morphodynamic modelling of a tortuous meandering clay bed river using Delft3D: Stillwater Creek, Ottawa 172 P. Parsapour-Moghaddam & C.D. Rennie Variation of the bankfull area in a braided reach of the LYR over the past 30 years X.J. Li, J.Q. Xia & J. Li Sediment transport and bedform development in the lee of bars: Evidence from fixed- and partially-fixed bed experiments A.J.H. Reesink, D.R. Parsons & R.E. Thomas Characteristics of subsurface water flow influenced by formation process of gravel bar M. Obana, T. Chibana & T. Tsujimoto A new equation for alternate bar length A.A. Boraey & A.M. Ferreira da Silva Spatial distribution of porosity of bed material, bed strength and size distribution of bed material on bars H. Takebayashi, M. Fujita, R. Kamito & Y. Samoto Morphodynamics of alternate bars in the Alpine Rhine River: Methods for the applicability of mathematical models using fields observations L. Adami, W. Bertoldi & G. Zolezzi Modelling river bed form dynamics: Large scale application S. Giri, S. Yamaguchi, M. Nabi & Y. Shimizu Sensitivity of morphodynamic simulations due to input variability-implications on sedigraph estimations due to limited data S. Jocham, R. Klar, S. Achleitner & M. Aufleger Numerical modelling of morpho-dynamic processes with multi-thread flows J. Sun, B. Lin & H. Yang Numerical simulation for bed aggradations due to sediment overloading in alluvial channels A.L. Qureshi & A. Baloch Multi-scale modelling of river morphodynamics M. Nabi, S. Giri, T. Iwasaki, I. Kimura & Y. Shimizu Recovering Elder's equation: A new view on river morphology A.J. Constain, D.J.M. Fernandez, J.L.C. Rivera & C.A. Pena-Guzman Temporal bed adjustments to a series of water pulses in gravel bed rivers C. Ferrer-Boix & M.A. Hassan River morphological evolution in earthquake-hit region: Effects of floods and pulsed sediment supply C.G. An, X.D. Fu & G. Parker Sediment transport, sorting and three-dimensional flow patterns in pool-riffle sequences: Implications for self-maintenance E. Bayat, J.F. Rodriguez, G.A.M. de Almeida & P. Saco River rejuvenation for a sediment-laden torrent from the viewpoint of river morphology C.C. Wu & P.H. Wang Quasi-stable channel morphology in response to hydromodification B.D. Plumb & W.K. Annable Simulation of local river widenings-a matter of 1D or 2D modelling? Th. Berchtold, V. Weitbrecht, D. Vetsch & R.M. Boes Analysis of morphological changes in rivers M. Gharbi, A. Soualmia, D. Dartus & L. Masbernat Comparison of morphological predictions in the Lower Rhine River by means of a 2-D and 3-D model and in situ measurements L. Backhaus, T. Brudy-Zippelius, T. Wenka & J. Riesterer Analysis of the Solis Chico river mouth migration C. Chreties, S. Solari, G. Lopez & L. Teixeira Analysis of the estuarine sediment of the Taimali River in Taiwan Wei-Po Huang, John Z. Yim & Yi Jiun Liao The effect of potential discharges on the stability of the Rosetta promontory, Egypt A. Masria, M. Iskander, A. Negm & O.C. Saavedra B.3 Local scour and erosion processes Clear water scouring around bridge piers and the phenomenological theory of turbulence C. Manes Local scour at bridge piers founded in coarse-bed streams D.C. Froehlich Spatiotemporal changes in bed elevations with turbulence around submerged cylinders embedded in sand beds B.S. Mazumder, K. Sarkar & C. Chakraborty Temporal evolution of live-bed pier scour J.H. Hong, H.W. Wang, Y.C. Wang, S.C. Li & Y.M. Chiew Local scour at a cylindrical bridge pier under a flood hydrograph S.A. Salamatian, M. Karimaee Tabarestani & A.R. Zarrati Experimental and computational study of local scour pool around finite patches of vegetation H.S. Kim, I. Kimura & Y. Shimizu A preliminary study on scour at submerged weirs in live bed conditions D. Guan, B.W. Melville & H. Friedrich Experimental and numerical study of the scour process around a slit weir K. Ota & T. Sato An experimental and numerical study on the spatial and temporal evolution of a scour hole downstream of a rigid bed G. Dodaro, A. Tafarojnoruz, F. Calomino, R. Gaudio, F. Stefanucci, C. Adduce & G. Sciortino Equilibrium scour hole downstream of an apron: A model A. Sarkar Numerical modeling on response of fluvial geomorphology to weir removal S.N. Kim, Y. Toda & T. Tsujimoto The dynamic of streams equipped with Check Dams G. Piton & A. Recking Influence of a single submerged groyne on the bed morphology and the flow field R. Mows & Ka. Koll Laboratory analysis of armor layer development in a local scour around a groin G.T. Torok, S. Baranya, N. Ruther & S. Spiller Riverbed layering impact on scour at the abutments B. Gjunsburgs, E. Govsha & G. Jaudzems Spatial and temporal variations in bed morphology at river contractions G. Oliveto & M.C. Marino Location of the maximum scouring depth at the outlet of partially-blocked and non-blocked box culvert S. Sorourian, A. Keshavarzi, J. Ball & B. Samali Investigation of the effective parameters sensitivity with respect to both shear and beam-type failures in overhanging riverbanks A. Samadi, E. Amiri-Tokaldany & S.E. Darby Experimental study of cantilevered riverbank stability E. Amiri-Tokaldany, A. Samadi & M.H. Davoudi Flow structure and bed deformation around a sphere on movable bed A. Tominaga Scour on alluvial bed downstream of falling jets V. Fiorotto, E. Caroni & S. Calligaris Clear-water bridge scour under triangular-shaped hydrographs with different peak discharges G. Bombar Verification of equation for non-deposition sediment transport in flood water canals H. Bonakdari & I. Ebtehaj Scour development caused by propeller jet of moving vessels P. Geisenhainer & Ka. Koll Application and validation of sediment erosion models to time dependent wall shear stresses around a wall-mounted circular cylinder W. Schanderl, O. Chmiel, P. Huttner, S. Zischkale & M. Manhart Influence of pore pressure on clay erosion H.S. Salem, C.D. Rennie & C.Z. Custodio Bank retreat at typical cross-sections in the Jingjiang Reach due to the operation of TGP J.Q. Xia, Q.L. Zong, Y. Zhang & Q.X. Xu Instream river training: Fundamentals and practical example N. Werdenberg, M. Mende & C. Sindelar B.4 Geomorphic unsteady flows Numerical simulation of snow avalanches as a Bingham fluid flow using SPH method A.M. Abdelrazek, I. Kimura & Y. Shimizu Debris flow monitoring in the French Alps C. Bel, F. Liebault, H. Bellot, F. Fontaine, D. Laigle & O. Navratil Unsteady 2D flow over mobile bed with variable density C. Juez, J. Murillo & P. Garcia-Navarro Hydro-morphologic modelling for different calamitous scenarios in a mountain stream A. Radice & S.M. Elsayed Modelling bedload transport for mixed flows in presence of a non-erodible bed layer G. Corestein, E. Blade & D. Ninerola The response of bed-load sediment transport and bed evolution under unsteady hydrograph flows L. Wang, A. Cuthbertson, G. Pender & Z. Cao Morphological changes in River Nile at Bani-Sweif for probable flood flow releases A.S. Foda & A.M.A. Sattar B.5 Dyke and dam erosion Laboratory experiments on dam-break flow of water-sediment mixtures Y. Ozeren, R. Aleixo, M. Altinakar & D. Wren Spatial dike breach: Accuracy of photogrammetric measurement system P.-J. Frank & W.H. Hager Mechanism of embankment dam breach D. Verma, B. Setia & V.K. Arora Dike erosion due to a sudden-wave overtopping: Preliminary results S. Evangelista, A. Leopardi & M. Mingarelli Limitations of the shallow water assumptions for problems involving steep slopes: Application to a dike overtopping test case S. Van Emelen, Y. Zech & S. Soares-Frazao Numerical simulation of a dam-break with a wide range of shields parameter C. Di Cristo, S. Evangelista, A. Leopardi, M. Greco & M. Iervolino Tailings dam-break flow analysis by means of a combined PIV-PTV tool R. Aleixo, Y. Ozeren & M. Altinakar One-dimensional and two-dimensional hydraulic-numerical modeling of dam break waves A. Bornschein C River engineering and restoration C.1 Flow management and flood control Floods in the Guadalquivir river (Southern Spain) P. Bohorquez, V. Aranda, J. Calero, F. Garcia-Garcia, P.A. Ruiz-Ortiz, T. Fernandez & C. Salazar A mobile bed 1D numerical model to support Red River (VietNam) basin management D. Bernardi & L. Schippa Unraveling the contribution of wind, sea level and discharge to design water levels in the Dutch delta R.M.J. Schielen, A. Bomers & D. Kroekenstoel Hydrodynamics of Ribarroja Reservoir (Ebro River, Spain): Water temperature, water velocities and water age M. Arbat-Bofill, M. Sanchez-Juny, E. Blade, D. Ninerola, J. Dolz & A. Palau The numerical investigation of the effect of subsequent check dams on flood peaks and the time of concentration using the MIKE 11 modeling system (Case study: Golabdareh catchment, Iran) P.H. Namadi, B. Saghafian & M. Rostami Flood disaster and training of River Ganga and its two tributaries in India-some case study S.K. Mazumder & K.N. Keshri The Bisagno River diversion M. Ferrari, M. Belicchi, D. Cerlini, U. Majone, S. Venturini, A. Marchi, A. Galli, U. Galli & S. Pinasco Applying river stage forecasting for early inundation warning M.-H. Hsu, J.-C. Fu & W.-H. Teng The Isere Amont project: 16 expanding flood areas along the river O. Manin, A. Le Peillet & L. Boutonnier Semi-automatic conceptual model identification and calibration tool for river hydraulic computations V. Wolfs, P. Meert & P. Willems New computation method for flood flows and bed variations in a low-lying river with complex river systems K. Tabata & S. Fukuoka Lateral flood discharge at rivers: Concepts and challenges M. Buhlmann & R.M. Boes Mitigation measures for unsteady flow effects on riverbeds during hydropower peaking S. Spiller, N. Ruther & H. Friedrich A study on selection of probability distributions for at-site flood frequency analysis in Mahanadi river basin, India N. Guru & R. Jha Iowa watersheds project: Planning and assessment of flood reduction strategies in agricultural watersheds N.W. Thomas, L.J. Weber & N.C. Young Freeboard allowance at rivers-experiences from Germany R. Pohl Managing materials across the Isere river and Isere Amont works O. Manin, J.-F. Frezet & L. Boutonnier Large wood dynamics in a wide mountain river: The Czarny Dunajec, Polish Carpathians V. Ruiz-Villanueva, M. Stoffel, B. Wyzga, P. Mikus & Z.W. Kundzewicz Effect of Black Hole Dams in the Eastern Nile River Basin: Changes in water quantity and quality of downstream countries S.A. Kantoush C.2 Risk mitigation and assessment in river basins One-dimensional flood inundation modeling and sediment transport characterization for a potential mining site in southern Virginia, USA C.F. Castro-Bolinaga & P. Diplas Site selection for sand and gravel mining using an integrated GIS/MCDM approach A. Effati, A.M. Malek, S. Seyf & A. Karaji The Romanche Sechilienne project, an integrated approach to river development M. Grenier, T. Monier & C. Moiroud Sediment management measures for river restoration and flood protection in alpine valleys B. Roquier, J. Dubois & J.-L. Boillat Estimating the combined effect of flood mitigation measures F. Huthoff, J. Udo, H. Barneveld, M. Bakker & N. Asselman PMP-PMF and their occurrence probability in alpine region by 2-3D modelling J.A. Hertig, R.G. Receanu & J.M. Fallot C.3 Flow monitoring and remote sensing methods Bedload grain size estimation from the indirect monitoring of bedload transport with Swiss plate geophones at the Erlenbach stream C.R. Wyss, D. Rickenmann, B. Fritschi, J.M. Turowski, V. Weitbrecht & R.M. Boes Deriving formulas for gravel transport velocity from tracer measurements M. Klosch & H. Habersack Monitoring of sediment transport processes for determining future trends J. Schneider, M. Redtenbacher, G. Harb, O. Sass, J. Stangl, A. Gobiet, G. Heinrich & S. Tani Gravity wave effects on the calibration uncertainty of hydrometric current meters M.A. de Huu & B. Wuthrich Remote monitoring of volumetric discharge based on surface mean and turbulent metrics E. Johnson & E. Cowen Acoustic sediment flux observations on the Fraser River, Canada D.W. Haught, J.G. Venditti & M. Church A quality analysis of the Vectrino II instrument using a new open-source MATLAB toolbox and 2D ARMA models to detect and replace spikes B. MacVicar, S. Dilling, J. Lacey & K. Hipel Image-based velocity and discharge measurements in field and laboratory river engineering studies using the free Fudaa-LSPIV software J. Le Coz, M. Jodeau, A. Hauet, B. Marchand & R. Le Boursicaud Evaluation of 2D river flow simulation with the aid of image-based field velocity measurement techniques I. Fujita, G. Kumano & K. Asami Three dimensional flow analyses for accuracy estimation of floats flow measurement A. Kadota & S. Okada Operational river velocity surveillance at whole reach-scale by implementing time-of-arrival algorithms on upstream-downstream conductivity signals D. Petrovic, I. Vulpe, J.-P. Vanderborght & M.A. Verbanck Using airborne hydromapping to study an alpine torrent W. Dobler, R. Baran, F. Steinbacher, M. Ritter & M. Aufleger Helicopter-based surface PIV experiments at Thur River M. Detert & V. Weitbrecht Wetted width of Norwegian rivers-results of a pilot study P. Zinke & C. Carnerero Stream temperature forecasting by means of ensemble of neural networks: Importance of input variables and ensemble size M.J. Napiorkowski, A.P. Piotrowski & J.J. Napiorkowski Decomposition of a cloud of gaugings into hydraulically homogeneous families for the tracing of the rating curves by using existing segmentation procedures T. Morlot, C. Perret & A.-C. Favre Harmonizing water and energy, available tools from the AIM Alpine Space in Movement project M.A. Peviani, A. Danelli & M. Cesca C.4 Protection against local scour and erosion Studies on the effect of an upstream pier as a scour protection measure of a downstream bridge pier S.K. Khaple, P.R. Hanmaiahgari & S. Dey Application of collars as scour countermeasure at various contraction ratios caused by two spill through abutments M. Koken, M. Gogus & K. Yilmaz Designing rock riprap falling aprons to protect bridge piers and abutments D.C. Froehlich Effect of compressed riprap thickness on the stability of river banks M. Jafarnejad, M.J. Franca, M. Pfister & A.J. Schleiss Predicting stable river bank

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Book SynopsisEvery year the Swiss Commission for Flood Protection (KOHS) of the Swiss Association for Water Management (SWV) organizes a symposium where professionals, officers of public administrations, and researchers exchange their experiences on special topics and key projects in river engineering and restoration. In 2014, this symposium was organized as a special session of the seventh International Conference on Fluvial Hydraulics âœRiver Flow 2014â at Ãcole Polytechnique FÃdÃrale de Lausanne (EPFL), Switzerland. In addition to the Swiss participants, scientists and professionals from all over the world were informed about Swiss competences in river engineering and restoration. The aim of the book is to enrich flood protection and river restoration projects all over the world.Table of ContentsPreface; Organization; Invited papers: Swiss strategy for integrated risk management: Approaches to flood protection and river restoration; Revitalization of rivers in Switzerland—a historical review; Swiss contribution to bed load transport theories; Freeboard analysis in river engineering and flood mapping—new recommendations; Alpine Rhine Project (Section River Ill—Lake Constance); Flood protection along the Alpine Rhone river: Overall strategy and 3rd correction project; Flood control and revitalisation along the Aare river between Thun and Berne—experiences with recreational use and other conflicts of interest; Flood characteristics and flood protection concepts in the Reuss catchment basin; Innovative measures for management of bed load sediment transport: Case studies from alpine rivers in western Switzerland; Integrated flood forecasting and management system in a complex catchment area in the Alps—implementation of the MINERVE project in the Canton of Valais; Flood protection and river restoration in the urban catchment basin of Cassarate river: An opportunity to restore public areas along an urban watercourse running through the city of Lugano; Intervention and management of floods in mountain rivers and torrents in the Bernese Oberland; Conference papers: Driftwood retention in pre-alpine rivers; Design of a bed load and driftwood filtering dam, analysis of the phenomena and hydraulic design; Design of a diversion structure for the management of residual risks using physical model tests; From vision to realisation—opportunities and challenges in restoring the river Bünz; Physical modeling of the third stage of Aire River revitalisation project; Restoration of the Broye delta into the Lake of Morat (Salavaux, Switzerland); Hydropeaking and fish migration—consequences and possible mitigation measures at the Schiffenen Dam; Flow restoration in Alpine streams affected by hydropower operations—a case study for a compensation basin; Morphodynamic changes in a natural river confluence due to a hydropower modified flow regime

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Book SynopsisThe book presents a thorough overview of the latest trends and challenges in renewable energy technologies applications for water desalination, with an emphasis on environmental concerns and sustainable development. Emphasis is on the various uses of renewable energy, as well as economics & scale-up, government subsidies & regulations, and environmental concerns. It provides an indication on how renewable energy technologies are rapidly emerging with the promise of economic and environmental viability for desalination. Further it gives a clear indication on how exactly to accelerate the expansion and commercialization of novel water production systems powered by renewable energies and in what manner environmental concerns may be minimized. This book is all-inclusive and wide-ranging and directed at decision makers in government, industry and the academic world as well as students.Table of ContentsApplications of renewable neergy technology for desalination. Economic analysis & scale-up considerations. Regulatory factors, environmental concerns & globalization. Selecting the most suitable renewable energy technology for desalination.

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Book SynopsisThe expansion of unconventional petroleum resources in the recent decade and the rapid development of computational technology have provided the opportunity to develop and apply 3D numerical modeling technology to simulate the hydraulic fracturing of shale and tight sand formations. This book presents 3D numerical modeling technologies for hydraulic fracturing developed in recent years, and introduces solutions to various 3D geomechanical problems related to hydraulic fracturing. In the solution processes of the case studies included in the book, fully coupled multi-physics modeling has been adopted, along with innovative computational techniques, such as submodeling. In practice, hydraulic fracturing is an essential project component in shale gas/oil development and tight sand oil, and provides an essential measure in the process of drilling cuttings reinjection (CRI). It is also an essential measure for widened mud weight window (MWW) when drilling through naturally fractured Table of Contents1. Introduction to Continuum Damage Mechanics: theory and numerical scheme.2. 3-D optimized design of multistage fracturing of horizontal wells based on Continuum Damage Mechanics.3. Numerical simulation on Interaction between parallel wells in Zipper-Frac.4. Integrated 3-dimensional numerical simulation on Cutting Reinjection: hydraulic fracturing, fault reactivation, seismicity.5. Wellbore trajectory optimization for drilling in naturally fractured shale formation: criteria and numerical scheme.6. Numerical solution of widened mud weight window for drilling through naturally fractured reservoirs.7. Natural fracture: measurements and mathematical representation.8. Numerical simulation of hydraulic fracturing on formation with natural fractural.9. Stress orientation analysis related to pressure depletion and production enhancement measures.10. Utility software for data processing platform: FE to FEM, and FEM to wellbore trajectory

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Book SynopsisThis book focuses on green and innovative wastewater treatment technologies that promote sustainability. It discusses a variety of biological, physical, and chemical treatment technologies. It covers biological processes for recovery of value-added products from wastewater and gives an overview of enzymatic hydrolysis and bioremediation of wastewater using immobilized enzyme and fungus. It offers a case study and future trends of wastewater treatment through membrane bioreactor technologies, describes advanced chemicalphysical processes for recalcitrant pollutant, and emphasizes the use of low-cost materials and cost-effective treatment methods.Trade Review"The book includes a balanced list of items concerning various consolidated and innovative wastewater treatment technologies, useful to both scientists and environmental engineers. Exhaustive literature data analysis, detailed description of research achievements and application of the proposed approaches to ‘real’ case studies are of potential concern to scientific and technological operators involved in design-upgrading of green and efficient water management policies."—Francesco Arena, University of Messina, ItalyTable of ContentsSection 1: Innovative Biological Processes for the Recovery of Value Added Products from Wastewater. Enzymatic Hydrolysis of Used Cooking Palm Oil by PVA- Alginate-Sulfate Immobilized Lipase. Bioremediation of POME for Itaconic Acid Production by Aspergillus terreus NRRL 1960 Immobilized in PVA- Alginate-Sulfate Beads. Optimization of Lipid Content in Microalgae Biomass Using Diluted Palm Oil Mill Effluent (POME) by Varying Nutrient Ration. Section 2: MBR Technologies. Removal of Micropollutants from Wastewater through MBR Technologies: A Case Study on Spent Caustic Wastewater. The Outlook on Future MBR Technologies. Integration of Membrane Bioreactor with Various Wastewater Treatment Systems. Section 3: Advanced Chemical–Physical Processes for Industrial Wastewater Treatment. Wet Air Oxidation Processes: A Pretreatment to Enhance the Biodegrability of Pharmaceutical Wastewaters. Application of Nonthermal Plasma in the Treatment of VOCs from Wastewater. Removal of Color Wastewater Using Low Cost Adsorbent: A Comparative Study. Bioparticle Development in Constructed Wetland for Domestic Wastewater.

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Book SynopsisPlasma methods that effectively combine ultraviolet radiation, active chemicals, and high electric fields offer an alternative to conventional water treatment methods. However, knowledge of the electric breakdown of liquids has not kept pace with this increasing interest, mostly due to the complexity of phenomena related to the plasma breakdown process. Plasma Discharge in Liquid: Water Treatment and Applications provides engineers and scientists with a fundamental understanding of the physical and chemical phenomena associated with plasma discharges in liquids, particularly in water. It also examines state-of-the-art plasma-assisted water treatment technologies.The Physics & Applications of Underwater Plasma DischargesThe first part of the book describes the physical mechanism of pulsed electric breakdown in water and other liquids. It looks at how plasma is generated in liquids and discusses the electronic and bubble mechanism theories for how the electric discharge in liquid is initiated. The second part of the book focuses on various water treatment applications, including: Decontamination of volatile organic compounds and remediation of contaminated water Microorganism sterilization and other biological applications Cooling water treatment Drawing extensively on recent research, this one-stop reference combines the physics and applications of electric breakdown in liquids in a single volume. It offers a valuable resource for scientists, engineers, and students interested in the topic of plasmas in liquids.Trade Review"The approach and selection of topics are relevant to the technology for effective water treatment. The book can be useful to the researchers and students in this field, and can provide practical solutions for water treatment technology. In addition this book may aid knowledge in usage of plasma technology in other liquid domain."—Rupak K. Banerjee, PhD, PE, Fellow ASME, University of Cincinnati and Kallol Bera, PhD, Applied Materials, Inc., California, USATable of ContentsIntroduction. Generation of Plasma in Liquid. Bubble and Electronic Initiation Mechanism. Decontamination of Volatile Organic Compounds. Biological Applications. Cooling Water Treatment Using Plasma. References. Index.

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Book SynopsisWater plays a key role in addressing the most pressing global challenges of our time, including climate change adaptation, food and energy security, environmental sustainability and the promotion of peace and stability. This comprehensive handbook explores the pivotal place of law and policy in efforts to ensure that water enables positive responses to these challenges and provides a basis for sound governance.The book reveals that significant progress has been made in recent decades to strengthen the governance of water resource management at different scales, including helping to address international and sub-national conflicts over transboundary water resources. It demonstrates that âeffectiveâ laws and policies are fundamental drivers for the safe, equitable and sustainable utilization of water. However, it is also shown that what might constitute an effective law or policy related to water resources management is still hotly debated. As such, the handbook provides an impTable of ContentsIntroduction Andrew Allan, Sarah Hendry and Alistair Rieu-Clarke Part 1: Comparative National Water Law and Policy 1. Customary Water Rights and Legal Pluralism Barbara van Koppen 2. A Comparative Analysis of the Public Trust Doctrine for Managing Water in the United States and India Melissa Scanlan 3. Water Rights and Permitting: A South African Approach Michael Kidd 4. The EU Approach for Integrated Water Resource Management: Transposing the EU Water Framework Directive within a National Context – Key Insights from Experience Marleen van Rijswick and Andrea Keessen 5. Water Markets Michael Hantke-Domas 6. Water Pollution and Water Quality: Shifting Regulatory Paradigms William Howarth 7. Contaminants of Emerging Concern Sarah Hendry 8. The Human Right to Water Inga T. Winkler 9. Governance and Regulation of Water and Sanitation Services Provision Richard Franceys and Paul Hutchings 10. Legal Aspects of Flood Management Andrew Allan 11. Water Allocation and Management During Drought Dan Tarlock 12. Stakeholder Engagement for Inclusive Water Governance Aziza Akhmouch and Delphine Clavreul 13. Monitoring and Enforcement: The United States Clean Water Act Model LeRoy Paddock and Laura Mulherin Part 2: Transboundary Water Law and Policy 14. The Treaty Architecture for the Governance of Transboundary Aquifers, Lakes and Rivers Alistair Rieu-Clarke 15. The Evolution of International Law Relating to Transboundary Waters Stephen C. McCaffrey 16. International Law and Transboundary Aquifers Gabriel E. Eckstein 17. Substantive Rules of International Water Law Owen McIntyre 18. The Significance of the Duty to Cooperate for Transboundary Water Resources Management under International Water Law Christina Leb 19. Joint Institutional Arrangements for Governing Shared Water Resources: A Comparative Analysis of State Practice Susanne Schmeier 20. Strengthening the Implementation of Transboundary Water Agreements: Insights from the UNECE Water Convention Implementation Committee Nataliya Nikiforova 21. The Role of Non-state Actors in the Development and Implementation of International Water Law Komlan Sangbana 22. Hydro-hegemons and International Water Law Rebecca L. Farnum, Stephanie Hawkins, and Mia Tamarin Part 3: Cross-cutting Issues 23. Water Resources and International Investment Law Ana Maria Daza Vargas 24. Water Justice: Understanding the Philosophical Underpinning of Decision-making in the Context of International Water Governance Marian J. Neal (Patrick) and Peter S. Wenz 25. Adaptive Water Governance: A Theoretical Approach Reflected in the Mauri and Desaguadero River Basin Adaptation Plan Juan Carlos Sánchez Ramírez, Paula Pacheco Mollinedo and Natalia Aguilar Porras 26. A Brief History of Global Water Governance Joshua Newton 27. The Sustainable Development Goals in relation to Water Management: What Role for Legal Frameworks? Anna Schulz 28. Water Security as an Evolving Paradigm: Local, National, Regional and Global Considerations Bjørn-Oliver Magsig Conclusions Andrew Allan, Sarah Hendry and Alistair Rieu-Clarke

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Book SynopsisGuidelines for Mine Waste Dump and Stockpile Design is a comprehensive, practical guide to the investigation, design, operation and monitoring of mine waste dumps, dragline spoils and major stockpiles associated with large open pit mines. These facilities are some of the largest man-made structures on Earth, and while most have performed very well, there are cases where instabilities have occurred with severe consequences, including loss of life and extensive environmental and economic damage.Developed and written by industry experts with extensive knowledge and experience, this book is an initiative of the Large Open Pit (LOP) Project. It comprises 16 chapters that follow the life cycle of a mine waste dump, dragline spoil or stockpile from site selection to closure and reclamation. It describes the investigation and design process, introduces a comprehensive stability rating and hazard classification system, provides guidance on acceptability criteria, and sets out the key Table of Contents1. Introduction2. Basic Design Considerations3. Waste Dump and Stockpile Stability Rating and Hazard Classification System4. Site Characterisation5. Material Characterisation6. Surface Water and Groundwater Characterisation 7. Diversions and Rock Drains8. Stability Analysis 9. Runout Analysis 10. Risk Assessment11. Operation 12. Instrumentation and Monitoring13. Dragline Spoils14. Management of Acid Rock Drainage15. Emerging Technologies16. Closure and Reclamation17. Appendices18. References

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Book SynopsisThis book provides a balanced discussion about the wastewater generated by hydraulic fracturing operations, and how to manage it. It includes an in-depth discussion of the hydraulic fracturing process, the resulting water cycle, and the potential risks to groundwater, soil, and air. The fracking process involves numerous chemicals that could potentially harm human health and the environment, especially if they enter and contaminate drinking water supplies. Treatment, reuse, and disposal options are the focus, and several case studies will be presented. The book also discusses the issues of the large amounts of water required for drilling operations, the impacts on water-sensitive regions.Trade Review"This book provides an introduction to typical types of borehole design and fracking fluid practice. The information is founded upon extensive referencing from industry technical publications from the past 20 years and the authors own experience. This provides an introductory text to an interested professional reader, written in an informal yet communicative style." — Stuart Haszeldine, University of Edinburgh, Scotland, United Kingdom"The format is very well organized, I like the ‘Did You Know?’ features, and the figures are clear"— Andrew Barron, Rice University, Houston, Texas, USA"Having in recent years been a geology student and professional in the oil and gas field (both as a regulator and consultant), I can attest to the book being a suitable and timely resource for these audiences, as well as individuals in the engineering sciences and the interested environmentalist."—Groundwater, November-December 2017Table of ContentsPreface. Hydraulic Fracturing. Environmental Impacts of Fracking. Fracking Wastewater. Hydraulic Fracking Water Cycle. Impacts of Hydraulic Fracking on Drinking Water Resources. Treatment of Fracking Wastewater. Disposal of Fracking Wastewater. Reuse of Fracking Wastewater. Glossary. Index.

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Book SynopsisEffective urban drainage to manage stormwater and control flooding depends on good engineering, especially when an environmentally sustainable approach is being applied. This new text focuses on green methods and modelling techniques. It covers the principles of hydrology and drainage, low-impact-development (LID) designs, computer modelling techniques, the evaluation of existing systems, and planning for both new development and urban renewal. It outlines design procedures using examples, spreadsheet models, photos, and real-world design examples.Unlike other books, which focus on extreme events, this book covers hydrologic designs for both extreme and frequent events, and reflects the latest revolution in stormwater LID management, and takes a quantitative as well as a qualitative approach.PowerPoint presentations and Excel computer models are provided to follow and build on the exercises in the book. It is written especially for students on urban waterTable of ContentsContentsPrefaceAcknowledgmentsAuthor1 Urban Stormwater Planning2 Rainfall Analysis3 Watershed Hydrology4 Hydrologic Frequency Analysis5 Rational Method6 Watershed Modeling7 Flood Channel Design8 High-Gradient Concrete Channel9 Street Hydraulic Capacity10 Street Inlet Hydraulics11 Culvert Hydraulics12 Storm Sewer System Design13 Detention Basin Design14 Flow Diversion15 Grate and Rack Hydraulics16 Stormwater Quality Capture Volume17 Low-Impact Development Facilities18 Design of Infiltration Basin19 Hydraulic Routing20 Hydrologic RoutingIndex

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Book SynopsisTreatment Marshes for Runoff and Polishing represents the most comprehensive and up-date-date resource for the design, construction, and operation of marsh treatment systems.This new edition represents a complete rewrite of the surface flow sections of previous editions of Treatment Wetlands. It is based on the performance hundreds of treatment marshes over the past 40 years. Treatment Marshes focuses on urban and agricultural runoff, river and lake water improvement, and highly treated municipal effluents.New information from the past dozen years is used to improve data interpretation and design concepts. Topics included in this book are Diversity of marsh vegetation Analyses of the human use of treatment marshes New concepts of underground processes and functions Spectrum of marsh values spanning mitigation, restoration, enhancement, and water quality improvement Table of ContentsChapter 1 Introduction Chapter 2 Hydrology Chapter 3 Surface Water Movement Chapter 4 The Marsh Underground Chapter 5 Microbial and Plant Communities Chapter 6 Energy Flows and Temperature Chapter 7 Representing Treatment Performance Chapter 8 Suspended Solids Chapter 9 Nitrogen Chapter 10 Phosphorus Chapter 11 Event-Driven Systems Chapter 12 Ancillary Substances Chapter 13 Trace Metals Chapter 14 Trace Organics Chapter 15 Ecological Perspective Chapter 16 Footprints and Performance Chapter 17 Interior Design and Construction Chapter 18 Management, Operations, and Maintenance Chapter 19 Economics

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Book SynopsisNow in its second edition, Water Resources: An Integrated Approach provides students with a comprehensive overview of natural processes associated with water and the modifications of these processes by humans through climate change and land management, water-related health issues, engineering approaches to water and socio-economic processes of huge importance to water resources. The book contains chapters written by 24 specialist contributors, providing expert depth of coverage to topics. The text introduces the basic properties of water and its importance to society and the nature of the different regional imbalances between water resource availability and demand. It guides the reader through the changing water cycle impacted by climate and land management, water flows in river basins, surface water quality, groundwater and aquatic ecosystems, and covers the role of water in human health and associated hazards before turning to engineering solutioTable of ContentsList of contributors Preface Acknowledgements 1. Water basics 2. The changing water cycle 3. Surface water hydrology 4. Surface water quality 5. Groundwater 6. Aquatic ecosystems 7. Water and health 8. Potable water and wastewater treatment 9. Water demand planning and management 10. Water economics 11. Water conflict, law and governance 12. Virtual water 13. The future of water Glossary Index

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Book SynopsisThis book provides an introduction to peatlands for the non-specialist student reader and for all those concerned about environmental protection, and is an essential guide to peatland history and heritage for scientists and enthusiasts.Peat is formed when vegetation partially decays in a waterlogged environment and occurs extensively throughout both temperate and tropical regions. Interest in peatlands is currently high due to the degradation of global peatlands which is disrupting hydrology and contributing to greenhouse gas emissions. This book opens by explaining how peat is formed, its properties and worldwide distribution, and defines related terms such as mires, wetlands, bogs and marshes. There is discussion of the ecology and wildlife of peatlands as well as their ability to preserve pollen and organic remains as environmental archives. It also addresses the history, heritage and cultural exploitation of peat, extending back to pre-Roman times, and the degradatTrade Review"Ian Rotherham provides a welcome, yet novel, blend of the science and history of peatlands as he elegantly explains their importance from the past and into the future. As he says 'the human history of peatlands is central to understanding both their loss, and in some cases, their survival'" — Simon Caporn, Professor in Ecology & Environmental Science, Manchester Metropolitan University, United Kingdom Table of Contents1. Introduction & overview: peat & peatlands 2. Global peat resources 3. Temperate peatlands - their ecology, wildlife, & functioning 4. Tropical & sub-tropical peatlands 5. Peatland ecosystem services 6. The hydrology & chemistry of peatlands 7. The people of the bogs & fens – history, heritage & peatlands 8. Peatlands & human conflicts 9. Some detailed case-studies of peat & conflict 10. Peat removal & peatland destruction – Part 1: the lowlands 11. Reclaiming the peatlands 12. Peat removal & destruction – Part 2: the British uplands 13. The peatland industries 14. Conservation & restoration 15. Fenscape & peat bog: a future nature

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Book SynopsisIlluminating opportunities to develop a more integrated approach to municipal water system design, Natural and Engineered Solutions for Drinking Water Supplies: Lessons from the Northeastern United States and Directions for Global Watershed Management explores critical factors in the decision-making processes for municipal water system delivery. The book offers vital insights to help inform management decisions on drinking water supply issues in other global regions in our increasingly energy- and carbon-constrained world.The study evaluates how six cities in the northeastern United States have made environmental, economic, and social decisions and adopted programs to protect and manage upland forests to produce clean drinking water throughout their long histories. New York, New York; Boston and Worcester, Massachusetts; New Haven and Bridgeport, Connecticut; and Portland, Maine have each managed city watersheds under different state regulations, plannTable of ContentsGray to Green: An Introduction to Four Case Studies on Drinking Water Supply in the Northeastern United States. An Assessment of Drinking Water Systems in Connecticut: Optimizing Natural and Engineered Systems for Protecting the Quality of Surface Drinking Waters. Source Water Protection in Massachusetts: Lessons from and Opportunities for Worcester and Boston. New York City Watershed Management: Past, Present, and Future. The Crooked River Watershed, Sebago Lake, and the Drinking Water Supply for the City of Portland, Maine. Comparing Drinking Water Systems in the New England/New York Region: Lessons Learned and Recommendations for the Future. Global Relevance of Lessons Learned in Watershed Management and Drinking Water Treatment from the Northeastern United States. Index.

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Book SynopsisFundamental Mass Transfer Concepts in Engineering Applications provides the basic principles of mass transfer to upper undergraduate and graduate students from different disciplines. This book outlines foundational material and equips students with sufficient mathematical skills to tackle various engineering problems with confidence. It covers mass transfer in both binary and multicomponent systems and integrates the use of Mathcad for solving problems. This textbook is an ideal resource for a one-semester course.Key Features The concepts are explained with the utmost clarity in simple and elegant language Presents theory followed by a variety of practical, fully-worked example problems Includes a summary of the mathematics necessary for mass transfer calculations in an appendix Provides ancillary Mathcad subroutines Includes end-of-chapter problems and aTable of ContentsIntroduction, Conservation of Chemical Species, Foundations of Diffusion in MulticomponentMixtures, Mass Transfer in Binary Systems without Bulk Flow:Steady-State Examples, Mass Transfer in Binary Systems without Bulk Flow:Steady-State Examples, Mass Transfer in Binary Systems without Bulk Flow:Pseudosteady-State Examples, Mass Transfer in Binary Systems without Bulk Flow Unsteady-State Examples, Mass Transfer in Binary Systems with Bulk Flow, Mass Transfer in Multicomponent Mixtures, Approximate Solution of the Species Continuity Equation, Appendices A -J , Index

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Book SynopsisBioremediation: A Sustainable Approach to Preserving Earth’s Water discusses the latest research in green chemistry practices and principles that are involved in water remediation and the quality improvement of water.The presence of heavy metals, dyes, fluoride, dissolved solids and many other pollutants are responsible for water pollution and poor water quality. The removal of these pollutants in water resources is necessary, yet challenging. Water preservation is of great importance globally and researchers are making significant progress in ensuring this precious commodity is safe and potable. This volume illustrates how bioremediation in particular is a promising green technique globally.Features: Addresses bioremediation of all the major water pollutants Approaches the chemistry of water and the concept of water as a renewable resource from a green chemistry aspect Discusses environmental cTrade ReviewProcessing of water is a major activity that affects health and safety in all countries of the world. While many water treatment processes have a long history of development and improvement, there is continuing progress both in terms of remediating new chemicals found in effluents and through ongoing laboratory research. The ten chapters in this book address varied subjects such as green chemistry in water processing, biofunctionalized adsorbents, biodegradation and adsorption of dyes, synthesis of adsorbents, olive oil waste treatment, and processing of industrial effluents. Notably, more than five thousand publications related to remediation of water have been gathered in a bibliometric study; the results are presented in chapter 2. Chapter 4 covers adsorption of heavy metals and includes information on many equilibrium isotherms. Bioremediation of industrial contaminants found in soil as well as industrial effluents are discussed in chapter 8. This chapter includes tables of effective microorganisms for biodegradation of different industrial wastes. All chapters, indeed, provide numerous citations and references as well as helpful tables and figures. Contributing authors hail from many different countries including Brazil, Colombia, India, Indonesia, Portugal, and Turkey. This collection will be especially useful for scholars and civil engineers concerned with preserving water resources through remediation. --L. E. Erickson, emeritus, Kansas State University, Choice Reviews and Highly Recommended Summing Up: Highly recommended. All readers. Processing of water is a major activity that affects health and safety in all countries of the world. While many water treatment processes have a long history of development and improvement, there is continuing progress both in terms of remediating new chemicals found in effluents and through ongoing laboratory research. The ten chapters in this book address varied subjects such as green chemistry in water processing, biofunctionalized adsorbents, biodegradation and adsorption of dyes, synthesis of adsorbents, olive oil waste treatment, and processing of industrial effluents. Notably, more than five thousand publications related to remediation of water have been gathered in a bibliometric study; the results are presented in chapter 2. Chapter 4 covers adsorption of heavy metals and includes information on many equilibrium isotherms. Bioremediation of industrial contaminants found in soil as well as industrial effluents are discussed in chapter 8. This chapter includes tables of effective microorganisms for biodegradation of different industrial wastes. All chapters, indeed, provide numerous citations and references as well as helpful tables and figures. Contributing authors hail from many different countries including Brazil, Colombia, India, Indonesia, Portugal, and Turkey. This collection will be especially useful for scholars and civil engineers concerned with preserving water resources through remediation. --L. E. Erickson, emeritus, Kansas State University, Choice Reviews and Highly Recommended Summing Up: Highly recommended. All readers. Table of ContentsChapter 1: Green Chemistry and Its Applications in Water Remediation. Chapter 2: Share of Bioremediation in Research Journals: A Bibliometric Study. Chapter 3: Biofunctionalized Adsorbents for Treatment of Industrial Effluents. Chapter 4: Applications of Biosorption in Heavy Metals Removal. Chapter 5: Biodegradation of Synthetic Dyes in Wastewaters. Chapter 6: The Cross-Talk between Bioremediation and Valuation of Residues of the Olive-Oil Production Chain. Chapter 7: Applications of Biosorption in Dyels Removal. Chapter 8: Use of Bioremediation in Treatment of Industrial Effluents. Chapter 9: Biosorption: A Promising Technique against Dye Removal. Chapter 10: Green Synthesis of Carbonaceous Adsorbents and Their Application for Removal of Polyaromatic Hydrocarbons from Water.

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Book SynopsisField Hydrogeology Pocket-sized field workbook for students studying hydrogeology at undergraduate and postgraduate levels The fully revised Fifth Edition of Field Hydrogeology serves as a comprehensive guide to conducting a hydrogeological study, beautifully presented with full colour photos and diagrams throughout, in a practical pocket size for easy use in the field. This new edition includes recent developments in the environmental regulations, with particular focus on the use of innovative technology. New topics in the Fifth Edition include the monitoring of boreholes using piezometers, how to identify the origin of water in the basement of a building, and an expanded section on geothermal energy. The text also includes case studies and text boxes to aid in reader comprehension, with a particular emphasis on practical application throughout. The Fifth Edition of Field Hydrogeology addresses key topics such as: Horizontal wells and shTable of ContentsPreface to the Fifth Edition viii Preface to the Fourth Edition ix Acknowledgements x 1 Introduction 1 1.1 Groundwater Systems 1 1.2 Conceptual Model 4 1.3 Groundwater Computer Modelling 8 1.4 Hydrogeological Report Writing 9 1.5 Expert Witness 9 2 Desk Study 13 2.1 Defining the Area 13 2.2 Identifying the Aquifers 14 2.3 Groundwater Levels 15 2.4 Surface Water 17 2.5 Recharge 17 2.6 Groundwater Use 18 2.7 Groundwater Chemistry 18 2.8 Aerial Photographs and Satellite Imagery 19 2.9 Planning a Fieldwork Programme 20 3 Field Evaluation of Aquifers 23 3.1 Grain Size Analysis 23 3.2 Hydraulic Properties of Aquifers 25 3.3 Hydraulic Properties and Rock Types 27 3.4 Assessing Hydraulic Properties 33 3.5 Using Hydraulic Property Information 34 3.6 Recharge through the Vadose Zone 38 4 Groundwater Levels 45 4.1 Water Level Dippers 45 4.2 Continuous Water Level Recorders 48 4.3 Measuring Ground Levels and Locations 53 4.4 Tool-Box 56 4.5 Well Catalogue 57 4.6 Field Surveys for Wells, Boreholes and Springs 57 4.7 Interpretation of Abstraction Borehole Water Levels 62 Case History 1 – Interpretation of Groundwater Strikes 66 4.8 Groundwater-Level Monitoring Networks 70 Case History 2 – Groundwater-Level Interpretation 70 4.9 Groundwater-Level Fluctuations 71 4.10 Managing Groundwater-Level Data 78 4.11 Constructing Groundwater Contour Maps and Flow Nets 79 4.12 Interpretation of Contour Maps and Flow Nets 82 4.13 Using Other Groundwater Information 83 5 Rainfall, Springs and Streams 85 5.1 Precipitation 85 5.2 Evaporation 89 5.3 Springs 91 Case History 3 – Measuring Flows with Low Heads 92 5.4 Stream-Flow Measurement 98 5.5 Stage–Discharge Relationships 107 5.6 Choosing the Best Method 109 5.7 Processing Flow Data 109 6 Pumping Tests 111 6.1 What Is a Pumping Test? 111 6.2 Planning a Pumping Test 112 6.3 Pumps and Pumping 113 6.4 On-Site Measurements 116 6.5 Pre-Test Monitoring 121 6.6 Test Set-up 121 6.7 Step Tests 123 6.8 Constant Rate Tests 123 6.9 Recovery Tests 125 6.10 Pumping Test Analysis 125 6.11 Tests on Single Boreholes 134 6.12 Packer Tests 137 7 Groundwater Chemistry 141 7.1 Analytical Suites and Determinands 141 7.2 Sampling Equipment 142 7.3 Sampling Protocols 153 7.4 Monitoring Networks 160 7.5 Using Chemical Data 161 8 Recharge Estimation 165 8.1 Water Balance 165 8.2 Rainfall Recharge 167 8.3 Induced Recharge 168 8.4 Other Sources of Recharge 170 9 Specialist Techniques 171 9.1 Borehole and Piezometer Installation 171 9.2 Down-Hole Geophysics 177 Case History 4 – The Use of Borehole Geophysics 178 9.3 Using Artificial Tracers 181 Case History 5 – The Use of Groundwater Tracers 182 10 Practical Applications 189 10.1 Borehole Prognoses 189 10.2 Groundwater Supplies 190 10.3 Wells in Shallow Aquifers 195 10.4 Contaminated Land Investigations 197 10.5 Landfills and Leachate 198 10.6 Geothermal Energy 201 10.7 Groundwater Lowering by Excavation 202 10.8 Rising Water Tables 206 10.9 Soakaways 208 10.10 Investigating Wetland Hydrology 208 Appendix A Good Working Practice 211 A. 1 Safety Codes 211 A1. 2 Safety Clothing and Equipment 211 A1. 3 Distress Signals 212 A1. 4 Exposure or Hypothermia 212 A1. 5 Heat Exhaustion 213 A1. 6 Working near Wells, Boreholes and Monitoring Piezometers 213 A1. 7 Hygiene Precautions for Water Supplies 213 A1. 8 Trial Pits 214 A1. 9 Electrical Equipment 214 A1.10 Filling Fuel Tanks 214 A1.11 Waste Disposal Sites 214 A1.12 Stream Flow Measurement 214 Appendix B Conversion Factors 217 References 219 Index 225

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Book SynopsisMaster the in-depth knowledge and higher-level skills that A-level Geography students need to succeed; this focused topic book extends learning far beyond your course textbooks.Blending detailed content and case studies with questions, exemplars and guidance, this book:- Significantly improves students'' knowledge and understanding of A-level content and concepts, providing more coverage of The Water and Carbon Cycles than your existing resources- Strengthens students'' analytical and interpretative skills through questions that involve a range of geographical data sources, with guidance on how to approach each task- Demonstrates how to evaluate issues, with a dedicated section in every chapter that shows how to think geographically, consider relevant evidence and structure a balanced essay- Equips students with everything they need to excel, from additional case studies and definitions of key terminology, to suggestions for further res

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Book SynopsisThis book presents both general and comprehensive observations of unsuccessful and successful experiences in water pollution trading programs within the U.S. These experiences help in understanding the major environmental, economic and regulatory barriers that prevent the application of pollution trading in water media to become successful.Table of ContentsCHAPTER 1 BACKGROUND; 1.1 Definition of Water Quality and Water Pollution; 1.2 Water Quality Regulation and Policy Reviews; 1.3 Introduction to Water Quality Trading; CHAPTER 2 CONCEPT, FRAMEWORK AND CONSIDERATIONS FOR WATER QUALITY; 2.1. Concept about Tradable Permit Systems; 2.2 Framework for Establishing WQT Systems; 2.3 Considerations in Establishing Tradable Permit Schemes; CHAPTER 3 OVERVIEW OF OBSERVATIONS IN WATER QUALITY TRADING; 3.1 Overview of Water Trading Programs in the U.S.; 3.2 Observations Derived from Trading Programs; CHAPTER 4 THE ROLE OF TRADING; 4.1 A Specific Role of Trading in WQT programs; 4.2 Important Barriers Hindering the Role of Trading; 4.3 Generic Roles of Water Quality Trading; CHAPTER 5 CONCLUSION; 5.1 What distinguishes the success of one WQT program vs. another; 5.2 How well do the WQT programs within the U.S. perform?; 5.3 Why did WQT programs fail to have active trading; 5.4 What should the roles of trading be in water quality management? ; 5.5 What is the suggested guidance for designing WQT programs; 5.6 What are the recommended approaches for promoting a WQT implementation; REFERENCES; APPENDIX; Appendix Summary Details of Water Quality Trading Programs; Appendix A- 1: Part I Regarding Activity, Type of Participants, Pollutants and Market Structure; Appendix A-2: Part II Regarding Size of Watershed, Number of PS, Trading Ratio, Number of Trade, and Characteristics of Participants; Appendix A-3: Part III Regarding TMDL in the Program and Cost-Saving; Appendix A-4: Summary of Analysis Results from Appendix A-1, A-2, A-3; References.

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Book SynopsisWhile a good grasp of the many separate aspects of agriculture is important, it is equally essential for all those involved in agriculture to understand the functioning of the farming system as a whole and how it can be best managed.Trade ReviewFrom the reviews:“The book contains the latest information on the subject area and is produced by experts in the field. … Well-written and indexed, the abstracts and/or conclusions for each … chapters provide a rapid way of assimilating the presented information. … a unique reference book for anyone involved in this form of water-limited agriculture. It is particularly suited to undergraduate and postgraduate students and deserves a place in most university and research institute libraries as well as on farmers’ shelves. In summary, an excellent book.” (Davey Jones, Experimental Agriculture, Vol. 48 (3), 2012)Table of ContentsPreface; ForewordPART IChapter 1. Principles of a Systems Approach to Agriculture; Philip Tow, Ian Cooper, Ian Partridge, Colin Birch and Larry Harrington.Chapter 2. Types of Rainfed Farming Systems Around the World; Larry Harrington and Philip Tow.Chapter 3. A Systems Approach to Climate Risk in Rainfed Farming Systems; Peter Hayman, Jason Crean and Canesio Predo.Chapter 4. Water Availability and Use in Rainfed Farming Systems; G.J. O’Leary, S. Walker, N.L. Joshi and J.W. White.Chapter 5. Plant Nutrient Management in Rainfed Farming Systems; John Ryan.Chapter 6. Principles and Management of Soil Biological Factors for Sustainable Rainfed Farming Systems; V.V.S.R. Gupta, A.D. Rovira and D.K. Roget.Chapter 7. Technological Change in Rainfed Farming Systems; Colin Birch and Ian Cooper.Chapter 8. Weed Management in Rainfed Agricultural Systems; Colin Birch, Ian Cooper, Gurjeet Gill, Stephen Adkins and Madan Gupta.Chapter 9. Principles and Methods for Sustainable Disease Management in Rainfed Agricultural Systems; David Backhouse and Thinlay.Chapter 10. Sustainable Pest Management in Rainfed Farming Systems; T.J. Ridsdill-Smith, H.C. Sharma and H. Spafford.Chapter 11. Interactions Between Crop and Livestock Activities in Rainfed Farming Systems; E.C. Wolfe.Chapter 12. Economic and Social Influences on the Nature, Functioning and Sustainability of Rainfed Farming Systems; Ian Cooper.Chapter 13. Farming Systems Design; Craig Pearson.Chapter 14. Soil Organic Carbon – Role in Rainfed Farming Systems; F.C. Hoyle, J.A. Baldock and D.V. Murphy.PART IIChapter 15. Rainfed Farming Systems in the West Asia-North Africa (WANA) Region; John Ryan.Chapter 16. Rainfed Farming Systems in South Africa; Mark Hardy, Luthando Dziba, Willem Kilian and John Tolmay.Chapter 17. Farming Systems, Emerging Farmers and Land Reform in the Limpopo Province of South Africa; Anthony Whitbread, Neil MacLeod, Cam McDonald, Bruce Pengelly, Kingsley Ayisi and Jeffery Mkhari.Chapter 18. Modernisation of Eritrean Rainfed Farming Systems Through a Conservation Farming Systems Approach; Jay Cummins and David Coventry.Chapter 19. Rainfed Farming Systems on the Canadian Prairies; Guy P. Lafond, Stewart A. Brandt, George W. Clayton, R. Byron Irvine and William E. May.Chapter 20. Rainfed Farming Systems in the USA; Alan Franzluebbers, Jean Steiner, Doug Karlen, Tim Griffin, Jeremy Singer and Don Tanaka.Chapter 21. Rainfed Agroecosystems in South America; Gloria Rótolo, Charles Francis and Sergio Ulgiati.Chapter 22. Important Rainfed Farming Systems of South Asia; Peter R. Hobbs and Mahmood Osmanzai.Chapter 23. Rainfed Farming Systems in the Loess Plateau of China; Gaobao Huang, Wen Chen and Fengrui Li.Chapter 24. Farming Systems in the Valleys of Central Tibet; Nicholas Paltridge, Jin Tao, John Wilkins, Nyima Tashi and David Coventry.Chapter 25. Rainfed Farming Systems of North-Eastern Australia; C.J. Birth and L.W. Bell.Chapter 26. Diversity and Evolution of Rainfed Farming Systems in Southern Australia; J.A. Kirkegaard, M.B. Peoples, J.F. Angus and M.J. Unkovich.PART IIIChapter 27. Using Monitoring and Evaluation for Continuous Improvement of Rainfed Farming Sytems; Eloise Seymour and Roger Wickes.Chapter 28. More from Less – Improvements in Precipitation Use Efficiency in Western Australian Wheat Production; Neil C. Turner.Chapter 29. Transforming Farming Systems: Expanding the Production of Soybeans in Ontario; David J. Hume and Craig J. Pearson.Chapter 30. The Social Dimensions of Mixed Farming Systems; Nigel McGuckian and Lauren Rickards.Chapter 31. A Study in the Development of a Farm System on the Canadian Prairies; Scott Day.Chapter 32. Improving Traditional Crop-Pasture Farming Systems with Lucerne South Eastern Australia; Kieran Ransom and Lindsay Trapnell.Chapter 33. Use of Conservation Agriculture to Improve Farming Systems in Developing Countries; Kan Sayre and Bram Govaerts.Chapter 34. Using Conservation Agriculture and Precision Agriculture to Improve a Farming System; Mark Branson.Chapter 35. Risk Management Strategies and Decision Support Systems in Agriculture; Nam Cao Nguyen, Malcolm Wegener and Iean Russell.PART IVChapter 36. The Emergence of ‘Farming Systems’ Approaches to Grains Research, Development and Extension; David Lawrence.Chapter 37. Farmer Decision-Making in Rainfed Farming Systems; Bill Long and Ian Cooper.Chapter 38. When Culture and Science Meet, the Tension Can Mount; Brian Polkinghorne.Chapter 39. Advances in No-Till Farming Technologies and Soil Compaction Management in Rainfed Farming Systems; Rohan Rainbow and Rolf Derpsch.Chapter 40. No-Tillage Agriculture in West Asia & North Africa; Rachid Mrabet.PART VChapter 41. A Comparison of Three Farms in South Australia; Mike Krause and Ian Cooper.Chapter 42. Ruradene, South Australia; Ian and John Rohde.Chapter 43. Lindene; Dean Wormald.Chapter 44. Developments in a Mixed Farming System in Southern New South Wales, Australia; Derek Ingold.Chapter 45. The Development and Operation of No-Till Farming in Northern New South Wales (NSW), Australia; Jeff Esdaile.Chapter 46. Farming System Development in North-Central Victoria; Kieran Ransom.Chapter 47. The Jochinke Farm; David Jochinke.Chapter 48. The Halford Farm; Jim Halford.Chapter 49. Four Farms in the USA; Alan Franzluebbers.Chapter 50. Summing Up; Philip Tow, Ian Cooper and Ian Partridge.Glossary, Index

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Book SynopsisThoughtfully illustrated, carefully written, and covering a broad spectrum of topics, this classic text clarifies a subject that is often misunderstood and oversimplified.Trade ReviewThis well-illustrated (in three colors), reasonably priced volume is a worthwhile acquisition. ChoiceTable of ContentsPreface1. The Science of Hydrology2. Precipitation and Evapotranspiration3. The Basis for Analysis in Physical Hydrology: Principles of Fluid Dynamics4. Open Channel Hydraulics5. Catchment Hydrology: Streams and Floods6. Groundwater Hydraulic7. Groundwater Hydrology8. Water in the Unsaturated Zone9. Ecohydrology: Interactions between Hydrological Processes and the Biota10. Catchment Hydrology: The Hillslope-Stream Continuum11. Water, Climate, Energy, and FoodAppendixes1. Units, Dimensions, and Conversions2. Properties of Water3. Basic Statistics in HydrologyAnswers to Example ProblemsGlossaryReferencesIndex

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Book SynopsisTable of ContentsPrefacePart I. Water Availability: A Physical Science Primer1. The Hydrological Cycle2. Surface Water Resources3. Groundwater Resources4. Soil Water ResourcesPart II. Demand-Side Sectors5. Agricultural Water Use6. Energy Water Use7. Domestic Water Use8. Environmental Water UsePart III. Anthropogenic Drivers of Change9. Population10. Climate Change11. Water Law12. Water QualityPart IV. Water Resources Supply and Demand in Context13. Opportunities for WaterManagementAppendix: Units, Dimensions, and ConversionsGlossaryIndex

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Book SynopsisOnce a prosperous region, the Ganga-Brahmaputra-Meghna (GBM) river basininhabited by about a tenth of the world's populationis currently one of the poorest. Large-scale socioeconomic development is urgently needed to ensure the sustainability of the region, and the management of water resources is a crucial part of this. Ganga-Brahmaputra-Meghna Waters: Advances in Development and Management discusses water resource development and management issues related to the GBM river basin, including interactions, institutional set ups, and future perspectives. It also proposes several novel technologies, developed by the author, to help revolutionize the development of India's waters.Written by an authority in water resource management studies, the book addresses the need for a holistic, integrated, basin-wide approach to improve the quality of life for people living within the region. Pointing out that water does not recognize political boundaries, the text alTable of ContentsPart I System Characteristics: Introduction. System Environmental Characteristics. Socioeconomic Scene. Part II Current Development Policy and State: Environmental Management—Historical Perspective. Developments in Nepal and Bhutan. Post-Independence Development—India. Environmental Management in Bangladesh. Indo-Nepal and Indo-Bhutan Interaction. Indo-Bangladesh Interaction. Institutional Setup. Part III Proposed Revolutionary Policy: Current Scene and Official Future Perceptions. Revolutionizing the Development and Management of Water— Conceptual and Policy Issues. Revolutionizing the Environmental Management of the GBM Basin. Total Integrated Development of GBM—Policy and Implementation. Conclusions. References. Index.

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Book SynopsisIndia's Waters: Advances in Development and Management is a critical study of the development and management of India's waters. Its central theme is that the current methods in use are an extension of the colonial-era system, which, despite vast growth, has remained essentially the same in terms of developmental concepts, technological activities, and performance. A revolution on several fronts is possible, and this book details the author's own plans for these advancements.First the book briefly addresses both the physiographic and hydrologic characteristics of India and its waters, and the current official proposals for their development. Next, the author presents new concepts and policies for development of India's waters, followed by his proposed technological revolution. The author illustrates how India's aforementioned unique characteristics enable use of some novel technologies that are unique globally. This fact is key to his proposed revolutioTable of ContentsIntroduction. Environmental Characteristics. Development and Management of India's Waters-An Overview. Futures Challenges and Proposed Responses. Revolutionizing the Development of India's Waters- New Concepts, Policies and Technologies. The Revolution- Perspective and Developmental Planning. Some Perspectives and Institutional and Cultural Revolution. Conclusion. References. Appendices.

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Book SynopsisAquatic Dicotyledons of North America: Ecology, Life History, and Systematics brings together a wealth of information on the natural history, ecology, and systematics of North American aquatic plants. Most books on aquatic plants have a taxonomic focus and are intended primarily for identification. Instead, this book provides a comprehensive overview of the biology of major aquatic species by compiling information from numerous sources that lie scattered among the primary literature, herbarium databases, and other reference materials. Included dicotyledon species are those having an obligate (OBL) wetland status, a designation used in the USACE National Wetland Plant List. Recent phylogenetic analyses are incorporated and rationale is provided for interpreting this information with respect to species relationships. This diverse assemblage of information will be useful to a wide range of interests including academic researchers, wildlife managers, students, and virtuallTrade Review"Focusing on dicotyledonous plants considered obligatorily aquatic (i.e.,requiring water to complete some essential stage of their life history), this authoritative book offers an encyclopedic compendium of their essential characteristics, ecology, and biosystematic position.It is hard not to be impressed by a work of this magnitude and the sustained effort involved in assembling it. Aquatic Dicotyledons of North America appears destined to become an indispensable reference for almost any study of wetland plant communities on our continent and beyond."-William B. Sanders, Florida Gulf Coast University, Plant Science Bulletin Spring 2019Table of ContentsAcknowledgmentsIntroductionDicotyledonsChapter 1 Dicotyledons I: The ANA Grade and "Magnoliid" MonosulcatesChapter 2 Dicotyledons II: Basal TricolpatesEudicots (Tricolpate Dicots; Eudicotyledoneae)Chapter 3 Core Eudicots: Dicotyledons III: "Caryophyllid" TricolpatesChapter 4 Core Eudicots: Dicotyledons IV: "Rosid" TricolpatesChapter 5 Core Eudicots: Dicotyledons V: "Asterid" TricolpatesReferencesIndex

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Book SynopsisThis new edition adds several new chapters and is thoroughly updated to include data on new topics such as hydraulic fracturing, CO2 sequestration, sustainable groundwater management, and more. Providing a complete treatment of the theory and practice of groundwater engineering, this new handbook also presents a current and detailed review of how to model the flow of water and the transport of contaminants both in the unsaturated and saturated zones, covers the protection of groundwater, and the remediation of contaminated groundwater. Trade Review"This is one of the best books in groundwater science and engineering. It is comprehensive both in terms of variety of subject areas and the material covered for each subject. It includes theory, modelling, and applications. So, it can be used as textbook, reference book, and even as a book for design guidelines. It contains basic concepts as well as advanced and state-of-the-art materials. It is a must-have book for students, researchers, consultants, academics, and practitioners."— S.M. Hassanizadeh, Utrecht University, The Netherlands"This is the ideal text for students and professionals who are interested in learning the subsurface hydrology and advanced application in groundwater engineering."—Kuo-Chin Hsu, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan"I see two major attractive features of this book: first, a broad coverage of the topic of groundwater hydrology, second, chapters made by outstanding researchers in the field that provide on the edge methodologies and results. This is a familiar material for me which confirms that this book may serve as a state-of-the-art presentation of groundwater physics. As such, I would certainly like to have it on my bookshelves, and I would also strongly recommend that to my students."—Michel Quintard, Institut de Mécanique des Fluides de Toulouse, France"The book is encyclopedic in its scope and is a valuable resource for both practitioners and researchers. The handbook covers traditional topics, as well as cutting edge topics on new emerging groundwater problems. There is no other comprehensive book that includes new topics such as multiscale methods, hydraulic tomography, scaling, anomalous dispersion, CO2 sequestration, climate change, and ecohydrology."—Albert J. Valocchi, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, USA"I find the materials very concise and exceptionally well-written. …the book is an encyclopedia for beginners, and a catalogue for advanced readers; but also readable to general audience with a basic level of scientific training."—Peng Wang, Beihang University, Beijing, China"The handbook presents a nice and complete review on the most important topics related to groundwater hydrology. I do research in the field of porous media and I know very well the quality of the research published by the different scientists in charge for the writing of the handbook’s chapters. Since theoretical aspects and well as advanced and evolving approaches are described, the handbook is suitable for students that want to approach the ‘porous medium world’ as well as researchers that want to be updated on the novel issues concerning porous medium investigation and modeling." —Monica Moroni, Sapienza University of Rome, Italy"The book gives a nice ‘big-picture’ introduction to the classical and state-of-the-art concepts used in hydrology. Ideal for anyone entering a hydrological field without the specific technological background. I work with graduate students and researchers in other areas, and this book is an ideal resource for bridging fields."— Lynn Schreyer, Washington State University, USA"…a well-rounded tool useful to academicians, modelers, and engineering practitioners alike. I appreciate the very thorough approach to groundwater engineering. I am confident the materials presented can act as a reference for both academics and practitioners, and thus reach to a broad audience. The index is complete, and so is the coverage of classical and innovative topics." — Vittorio Di Federico, University in Bologna, Italy"I am sure that students, teachers, researchers and practitioners concerned with groundwater analysis will find much in this book that is instructive, useful and timely."— Gerardo Severino, University of Naples Federico II, Italy"This book could be an interesting addition to any hydrogeological library. It would be a good complement to most groundwater textbooks, particularly by providing additional material on modeling concepts and field investigations. A good overview of some advanced and emerging topics is provided."—Groundwater, July-August 2017"This is one of the best books in groundwater science and engineering. It is comprehensive both in terms of variety of subject areas and the material covered for each subject. It includes theory, modelling, and applications. So, it can be used as textbook, reference book, and even as a book for design guidelines. It contains basic concepts as well as advanced and state-of-the-art materials. It is a must-have book for students, researchers, consultants, academics, and practitioners." —S. M. Hassanizadeh, Utrecht University, The Netherlands"This is the ideal text for students and professionals who are interested in learning the subsurface hydrology and advanced applications in groundwater engineering."—Kuo-Chin Hsu, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan"The book is encyclopedic in its scope and is a valuable resource for both practitioners and researchers. The handbook covers traditional topics, as well as cutting edge topics on new emerging groundwater problems. There is no other comprehensive book that includes new topics such as multiscale methods, hydraulic tomography, scaling, anomalous dispersion, CO2 sequestration, climate change, and ecohydrology."—Albert J. Valocchi, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, USA"The book gives a nice ‘big-picture’ introduction to the classical and state-of-the-art concepts used in hydrology. Ideal for anyone entering a hydrological field without the specific technological background. I work with graduate students and researchers in other areas, and this book is an ideal resource for bridging fields."—Lynn Schreyer, Washington State University, USA"I find the materials very concise and exceptionally well-written . . . the book is an encyclopedia for beginners, and a catalogue for advanced readers; but also readable to general audience with a basic level of scientific training." —Peng Wang, Beihang University, Beijing, China"The handbook presents a nice and complete review on the most important topics related to groundwater hydrology. I do research in the field of porous media and I know very well the quality of the research published by the different scientists in charge for the writing of the handbook’s chapters. Since theoretical aspects and well as advanced and evolving approaches are described, the handbook is suitable for students that want to approach the ‘porous medium world’ as well as researchers that want to be updated on the novel issues concerning porous medium investigation and modeling." —Monica Moroni, Sapienza University of Rome, Italy" . . .a well-rounded tool useful to academicians, modelers, and engineering practitioners alike. I appreciate the very thorough approach to groundwater engineering. I am confident the materials presented can act as a reference for both academics and practitioners, and thus reach to a broad audience. The index is complete, and so is the coverage of classical and innovative topics." —Vittorio Di Federico, University of Bologna, Italy"I am sure that students, teachers, researchers and practitioners concerned with groundwater analysis will find much in this book that is instructive, useful and timely."—Gerardo Severino, University of Naples Federico II, Italy"This book could be an interesting addition to any hydrogeological library. It would be a good complement to most groundwater textbooks, particularly by providing additional material on modeling concepts and field investigations. A good overview of some advanced and emerging topics is provided."—Groundwater, July-August 2017Table of ContentsClassical Hydrogeology. History of Groundwater. Geological Occurrence of Groundwater. Field Methods for Groundwater Evaluation. Elementary Groundwater Flow and Transport. Two and Three Dimensional Groundwater Flow. Groundwater Modeling. Groundwater Contaminants. Flow and Transport in Fractured Media. Groundwater Monitoring. Well Design and Construction. Well Hydraulics and Aquifer Tests. Classical Vadose Zone Modeling. Soil Properties and Movement in the Unsaturated Zone. Infiltration. Contaminant Transport in the Unsaturated Zone. Preferential Flow. Data Acquisition and Analysis (Geophysics, etc.). Hydrogeological Characterization. Geophysicial and Tracer Characterization. Geostatistics. Hydraulic Tomography. GIS and Groundwater. Subsurface Heterogeneity/Uncertainty Quantification/Mode Validation. MADE Site and Heterogeneity. Saturated Transport Under Certainty. Risk Assessment. Optimization Under Certainty. Model Validation. Advanced Modeling Techniques and Topics. Fractal Concepts. Anomalous Transport. Mixing. Multiscale Models of Flow and Transport. Scaling. Flow and Transport in Swelling Clays. Karstic Flows. Surface/Groundwater Interactions. Sea Water Intrusion. Application Areas. CO2 Sequestration. Sustainable Groundwater Development. Global Warming and Groundwater. Ecohydrology. Biodegradation. Landfills. Remediation. Mining and Groundwater Protection. Fracking.

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Book SynopsisThis book presents the major engineering achievements in underground aqueducts from around the world and throughout history. It provides valuable insights into water technologies and management with respect to durability, adaptability to the environment, and sustainability. Comparisons of the technological underground aqueduct developments from several regions are made. These technologies are the underpinning of modern achievements in water supply engineering and water management practices, and current issues of sustainability, cost-effectiveness, and decentralization have led engineers to consider combining older proven technologies with modern infrastructure advancements.Trade Review"Underground Aqueducts Handbook offers the first synthesis on aqueducts, including those conveying water and those tapping groundwater. This is the most comprehensive review of aqueduct technology as it concerns most continents and most periods, from prehistory to the present day, thanks to a multidisciplinary approach. It underlines the necessity to preserve and reuse, or redevelop, such sustainable technologies in the global context of aridification and increasing need for water supply." — Julien Charbonnier, Laboratory ArScAn, Nanterre, France"…the material is well documented and convincing. Any specialist and many common readers should be interested to have this book on their bookshelf." — T.P. Tassios, National Technical University of Athens, GreeceTable of ContentsIntroduction. Europe. Austria. Croatia. France. Germany. Greece. Italy. Spain. Africa. Algeria. Egypt. Libya. Morocco. Sudan. Tunisia. Middle East. Afghanistan. Iran. Iraq. Israel. Jordan. Oman. Pakistan. Syria. United Arab Emirates. Yemen. Eurasia. Armenia. Azerbaijan. Georgia. Kazakhstan. Turkestan. Asia. China. India. Indonesia. South Korea. Thailand. Americas. Chile. Mexico. Peru.

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Book SynopsisContamination of aqueous environments by hazardous chemical compounds is the direct cause of the decline of safe clean water supply throughout the globe. The use of unconventional water sources such as treated wastewater will be a new norm. Emerging nanotechnological innovations have great potential for wastewater remediation processes. Applications that use smart nanomaterials of inorganic and organic origin improve treatment efficiency and lower energy requirements. This book describes the synthesis, fabrication, and application of advanced nanomaterials in water treatment processes; their adsorption, transformation into low toxic forms, or degradation phenomena, and the adsorption and separation of hazardous dyes, organic pollutants, heavy metals and metalloids from aqueous solutions. It explains the use of different categories of nanomaterials for various pollutants and enhances understanding of nanotechnology-based water remediation to make it less toxic and reusable.Trade Review"…an asset to all water professionals, so they can become knowledgeable in the issues and develop sustainable design for wastewater treatment plants. I feel that researchers will be inspired by reading to further investigate the potentiality of nanotechnology for wastewater treatment, overcoming the constraints to their large scale application." —Giusy Lofrano, University of Salerno, Italy"… a truly valuable contribution to the emerging field of applying various nanomaterials in environmental remediation. I cordially congratulate the authors for their remarkable achievement. Highly recommend reading!" —Mika Sillanpää, Lappeenranta University of Technology, Finland"…offers a detailed insight about recent advancements in nanotechnology for wastewater treatment and recycling. Editors have done a great job providing an informative collection of chapters which enhance understanding of nanotechnology-based water remediation to make it less toxic and reusable. As a scientist and professor, I strongly suggest this book as a must read for all Environmental Biologists, Nanotechnologists, Chemists and Biologists, and a great reference for experts and students equally!—Shivani Soni, Alabama State University, Montgomery, Alabama, USA"I would strongly recommend this book to libraries and to individuals who have some idea of chemical and environmental sciences and who wish to learn about the continuing influence of the modern developments in chemistry." —Chittaranjan Sinha, Jadavpur University, Kolkata, India"This book provides an excellent overview of technological developments and innovations in the use of nanotechnologies for water treatment. It will become an important resource for those looking to apply nanoscience technology to process water remediation, or drinking water purification." —Amy J. Forsgren, Xylem Inc., Sweden"While there are many research publications that present recent advances in nanomaterials and their application in water and wastewater treatment, a compilation of all the latest developments in a book such as this is timely and is extremely valuable for the researchers and the practitioners. This book will be a good reference for both graduate and undergraduate students in this area." —Madhumita B. Ray, University of Western Ontario, Canada"The book covers all the necessary background in advanced water/wastewater remediation and goes to a good enough level of covering nanotechnology. It will become certainly useful for researchers in the areas of wastewater treatment and remediation. This work is a great resource for any advanced undergraduate or graduate course on applications of nanotechnology in water and wastewater remediation. Each well-structured chapter first discusses general introduction and then focuses on the use of nanomaterials. I congratulate the editors and authors for their miraculous attainment. Summing up - Highly recommended." — Sanjay K. Sharma, JECRC University, Jaipur, India"The content of the book entitled Advanced Nanomaterials for Wastewater Remediation is very novel and does not intersect with the contents of any other books related to the same area. This book will be a new reading experience for young researchers, university professors and scientists working in this area. I must congratulate the editors and authors who contributed immensely for this book." — Sabu Thomas, Mahatma Gandhi University, Kerala, IndiaTable of ContentsNanomaterials Applications for Environmental Remediation. Treatment of Fluoride-Contaminated Water by Electrocoagulation Followed by Microfiltration Technique. Electrooxidation Processes for Dye Degradation and Colored Wastewater Treatment. Advanced Oxidation Processes Using Nanomaterials. Applications of Synthetic Nanocomposite Ion-Exchange Materials as Chemical and Vapor Sensors. Nanomaterial-Supported Biopolymers for Water Purification. Nanomaterial-Based Sorbents for the Removal of Heavy Metal Ions from Water. Synthesis, Properties, and Applications of Carbon Nanotubes in Water and Wastewater Treatment. Carbon- and Graphene-Based Nanocomposites for Wastewater Treatment. Nanoscale Layered Double Hydroxides for Wastewater Remediation: Recent Advances and Perspectives. Activated Carbon-Doped Magnetic Nanoparticles for Wastewater Treatment. Functionalized Fe3O4 Nanoparticles for the Removal and Remediation of Heavy Metals in Wastewater. Nanoscale Materials for the Removal of Arsenic from Wastewater. Metal Organic Framework-Based Adsorbents in Water Treatment. Environmental Fate and Ecotoxicity of Engineered Nanoparticles: Current Trends and Future Perspective.

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Book SynopsisWater and Wastewater Conveyance: Pumping, Hydraulics, Piping, and Valves provides fundamental, basic information on the conveyance of water and wastewater. Written in straight-forward and easy-to-understand language for professionals and non-professionals alike, it provides the techniques to assist water and wastewater operators to better understand basic pump operations and applications, maintenance regimens, and troubleshooting procedures. Addressing a multitude of water quality issues, it provides an introduction to water hydraulics, piping systems, tubes, hoses, and ancillaries as well as valves, and the maintenance requirements of each. It also discusses common operational problems and their appropriate corrective actions. Definitions of key terms and self-examination questions are provided at the end of each chapter. Trade Review"The main strength of Water and Wastewater Conveyance: Pumping, Hydraulics, Piping, and Valves by Spellman lies in author’s writing style on ready-to-use procedural applications for non-technical audiences. It will serve as a nice introduction to further evolutionary expansion."— Professor Jaewan Yoon, Old Dominion University, USA"...a wealth of information, easily classified for the reader and many straight forward worked calculations."— Brian Garvey, Athlone Institute of Technology, IrelandTable of ContentsWater & Wastewater Sources and Characteristics. Potable Water Sources. Wastewater Sources and Characteristics. Pumping. Introduction. Basic Pumping Calculations. Centrifugal Pumps. Well Pumping. Water Hydraulics. Water Hydraulics Introduction. Piezometric Surface & Bernoulli’s Theorem. Well & Wet Well Hydraulics. Basic Piping Hydraulics. Flow Measurement. Water & Wastewater Conveyance. Delivering the Lifeblood of Civilization. Metallic Piping. Nonmetallic Piping. Tubing. Industrial Hoses. Piping Systems: Protective Devices. Piping Ancillaries. Valves. Valves Introduction. Index.

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Book SynopsisComputer Modeling Applications for Environmental Engineers in its second edition incorporates changes and introduces new concepts using Visual Basic.NET, a programming language chosen for its ease of comprehensive usage. This book offers a complete understanding of the basic principles of environmental engineering and integrates new sections that address Noise Pollution and Abatement and municipal solid-waste problem solving, financing of waste facilities, and the engineering of treatment methods that address sanitary landfill, biochemical processes, and combustion and energy recovery. Its practical approach serves to aid in the teaching of environmental engineering unit operations and processes design and demonstrates effective problem-solving practices that facilitate self-teaching. A vital reference for students and professional sanitary and environmental engineers this work also serves as a stand-alone problem-solving text with well-defined, real-work examples aTrade Review"… written in a down-to-earth engineering style for a wide audience and bookworms. The volume helps in the design, treatment and control of water and air pollution by using mathematical equations, measured relationships and software applications that help programming water and groundwater sources and process design techniques to control gaseous contaminants and radiation harms. Equally, the scientific content of the book has a very great rank as it is linked to computer applications. Surely, it appeals to technical readers, students, engineers, consultants, environmental and health doctors, civilians, industrialists, technologists, agriculturalists, urban planners, consulting companies and policy makers, as well as a wide range of general readers."—Dr. Eng. Elham Munir Baddour, University of Tishreen and University of Aleppo, Syria"An introduction to Visual Basic.NET programming with examples from several environmental domains, including water resources management, air quality modelling and solid waste management. Suitable for freshmen, as it follows a step-by-step approach, it is especially suited for environmental engineering students with very little programming experience who want to do their first steps with Visual Basic." —I.N. Athanasiadis, Wageningen University, Netherlands"Computer Modeling Applications for Environmental Engineers is one of the greatest books that helped many students, researchers, and engineers alike to manage the ever-growing environmental data. The book institutes a step by step guide to solving different environmental problems using normal and modelling approaches. In addition to normal chapters in the first edition, the Second Edition added two new valuable chapters on municipal solid waste collection, segregation, treatment, reuse, recycle and final disposal together with noise pollution aspects and control. This is one of the most enticing books that addresses both practical problems and a computer program solution to solve it. The book will essentially help students, engineers and application developers in most environmental and engineering trends. I personally recommend this book if you are a student, engineer or a researcher in the environmental sector."—Dr. Faris Gorashi Faris, International Technical College at Jeddah, Saudi Arabia"This complementary guide and superlative new source is a must read for today's graduate and undergraduate students as well as professionals working in environmental sciences." — Ismail Anil, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia"Computer Modeling Applications for Environmental Engineers delivers an interesting ‘manual’ on Visual Basic (VB) coding for the engineering students, educators and practicing engineers. Starting with the introduction to the computer programming concept, then authors provide extensive code samples that applies in water properties, water resources, water and waste water treatment system, solid waste, air pollution and noise pollution. The codes are well written and easy to follow even for a beginner. At the end of each chapter, the practical problems require reader to do a computer code that is very useful and challenging. The samples given in the book can also be used as a basis for the readers to develop their own computer code." —Jazuri Abdullah, Universiti Teknologi Mara, Selangor, MalaysiaTable of ContentsList of Figures. List of Tables. List of Computer Programs. Appendix Contents. Preface. Authors. List of Symbols and Abbreviations. Chapter 1 Programming Concepts. Chapter 2 Computer Modeling Applications for Water and Wastewater Properties. Chapter 3 Computer Modeling Applications for Water Resources, Usage, Groundwater and Water Storage and Distribution. Chapter 4 Computer Modeling Applications for Water Treatment. Chapter 5 Computer Modeling Applications for Wastewater Collection System and Treatment Technology and Disposal. Chapter 6 Computer Modeling Applications for Municipal Solid Waste Classification, Quantities, Properties, Collection, Processing, Material Separation, and Cost Estimates. Chapter 7 Computer Modeling Applications for Air Pollution Control Technology. Chapter 8 Computer Modeling Applications for Noise Pollution and Abatement. Appendices. Index.

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Book SynopsisA timely ethnography of how Indonesia’s coastal dwellers inhabit the “chronic present” of a slow-motion natural disaster Ice caps are melting, seas are rising, and densely populated cities worldwide are threatened by floodwaters, especially in Southeast Asia. Building on Borrowed Time is a timely and powerful ethnography of how people in Semarang, Indonesia, on the north coast of Java, are dealing with this global warming–driven existential challenge. In addition to antiflooding infrastructure breaking down, vast areas of cities like Semarang and Jakarta are rapidly sinking, affecting the very foundations of urban life: toxic water oozes through the floors of houses, bridges are submerged, traffic is interrupted. As Lukas Ley shows, the residents of Semarang are constantly engaged in maintaining their homes and streets, trying to live through a slow-motion disaster shaped by the interacting temporalities of infrastructural failure, ecological deterioration, and urban development. He casts this predicament through the temporal lens of a “meantime,” a managerial response that means a constant enduring of the present rather than progress toward a better future—a “chronic present.” Building on Borrowed Time takes us to a place where a flood crisis has already arrived—where everyday residents are not waiting for the effects of climate change but are in fact already living with it—and shows that life in coastal Southeast Asia is defined not by the temporality of climate science but by the lived experience of tidal flooding.Trade Review "In this careful study of keeping water at bay in Semarang’s floodplain kampungs, Lukas Ley takes us to a material landscape riddled with the legacies of maldevelopment. With historical precision and ethnographic nuance, Building on Borrowed Time shows us how an urban world of dysfunctional flood protection systems generates everyday, intensely localized burdens of chronic breakdown and disrepair that often hinder—and sometimes fully prevent—communities from engaging with future-looking efforts to mitigate the threats of a changing climate. A must-read for anyone seeking to better understand the complexity of urban flood management and community well-being on an ever-warmer planet."—Anne Rademacher, New York University "How do residents of a sodden Semarang inhabit both the waters that now regularly soak their homes, and also crusty, transnational urban political agendas? Building on Borrowed Time is a brilliant book that wades through the muddy political environment of a frequently inundated city. It shows how Semarang’s residents occupy the chronic present—a mode of living with the violence of accreted infrastructures and their regular breakdowns. Dwelling with planners, transnational development experts, local political leaders, and residents, Lukas Ley demonstrates how socialities and politics relentlessly emerge from residents staying afloat in a meantime in which the promise of future transformation is noticeably absent. This is a rare ethnography that is both historically grounded and theoretically sophisticated—a great read for anyone thinking about the futures of coastal cities in the climate changed present."—Nikhil Anand, author of Hydraulic City: Water and the Infrastructures of Politics in Mumbai "In Building on Borrowed Time: Rising Seas and Failing Infrastructure in Semarang, Lukas Ley offers a new ethnrography exploring how people in Semarang, Indonesia, deal with the everyday threat of flooding. This fascinating book is worthwhile reading not only for urban studies scholars but for all those wanting to understand the complexity of living in a chronic disaster area from the perspective of inhabitants."—LSE Review of Books "Ley's study offers a valuable look at Indonesian politics and the complexities of living with (or despite) infrastructure."—H-Net Reviews Table of ContentsContentsIntroduction: Tidal Flooding and Chronic Infrastructural Breakdown1. Becoming: Semarang’s Swamp in Late Colonial Times2. Stuck: Never-Ending River Normalization3. Floating: Endurance and the “Quasi-Events” of Living with Flooding4. Figuring: Environmental Governance and the Political Affordances of Infrastructure5. Promise: Remodeling DrainageAfterwordAcknowledgmentsGlossaryNotesReferencesIndex

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Book SynopsisA timely ethnography of how Indonesia’s coastal dwellers inhabit the “chronic present” of a slow-motion natural disaster Ice caps are melting, seas are rising, and densely populated cities worldwide are threatened by floodwaters, especially in Southeast Asia. Building on Borrowed Time is a timely and powerful ethnography of how people in Semarang, Indonesia, on the north coast of Java, are dealing with this global warming–driven existential challenge. In addition to antiflooding infrastructure breaking down, vast areas of cities like Semarang and Jakarta are rapidly sinking, affecting the very foundations of urban life: toxic water oozes through the floors of houses, bridges are submerged, traffic is interrupted. As Lukas Ley shows, the residents of Semarang are constantly engaged in maintaining their homes and streets, trying to live through a slow-motion disaster shaped by the interacting temporalities of infrastructural failure, ecological deterioration, and urban development. He casts this predicament through the temporal lens of a “meantime,” a managerial response that means a constant enduring of the present rather than progress toward a better future—a “chronic present.” Building on Borrowed Time takes us to a place where a flood crisis has already arrived—where everyday residents are not waiting for the effects of climate change but are in fact already living with it—and shows that life in coastal Southeast Asia is defined not by the temporality of climate science but by the lived experience of tidal flooding.Trade Review "In this careful study of keeping water at bay in Semarang’s floodplain kampungs, Lukas Ley takes us to a material landscape riddled with the legacies of maldevelopment. With historical precision and ethnographic nuance, Building on Borrowed Time shows us how an urban world of dysfunctional flood protection systems generates everyday, intensely localized burdens of chronic breakdown and disrepair that often hinder—and sometimes fully prevent—communities from engaging with future-looking efforts to mitigate the threats of a changing climate. A must-read for anyone seeking to better understand the complexity of urban flood management and community well-being on an ever-warmer planet."—Anne Rademacher, New York University "How do residents of a sodden Semarang inhabit both the waters that now regularly soak their homes, and also crusty, transnational urban political agendas? Building on Borrowed Time is a brilliant book that wades through the muddy political environment of a frequently inundated city. It shows how Semarang’s residents occupy the chronic present—a mode of living with the violence of accreted infrastructures and their regular breakdowns. Dwelling with planners, transnational development experts, local political leaders, and residents, Lukas Ley demonstrates how socialities and politics relentlessly emerge from residents staying afloat in a meantime in which the promise of future transformation is noticeably absent. This is a rare ethnography that is both historically grounded and theoretically sophisticated—a great read for anyone thinking about the futures of coastal cities in the climate changed present."—Nikhil Anand, author of Hydraulic City: Water and the Infrastructures of Politics in Mumbai "In Building on Borrowed Time: Rising Seas and Failing Infrastructure in Semarang, Lukas Ley offers a new ethnrography exploring how people in Semarang, Indonesia, deal with the everyday threat of flooding. This fascinating book is worthwhile reading not only for urban studies scholars but for all those wanting to understand the complexity of living in a chronic disaster area from the perspective of inhabitants."—LSE Review of Books "Ley's study offers a valuable look at Indonesian politics and the complexities of living with (or despite) infrastructure."—H-Net Reviews Table of ContentsContentsIntroduction: Tidal Flooding and Chronic Infrastructural Breakdown1. Becoming: Semarang’s Swamp in Late Colonial Times2. Stuck: Never-Ending River Normalization3. Floating: Endurance and the “Quasi-Events” of Living with Flooding4. Figuring: Environmental Governance and the Political Affordances of Infrastructure5. Promise: Remodeling DrainageAfterwordAcknowledgmentsGlossaryNotesReferencesIndex

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Book SynopsisThis book discusses arsenic contamination in groundwater, which has emerged as a major health hazard in India. The authors review a generalised scenario of groundwater in the Greater Dhaka Area, focusing on the deterioration of groundwater quality over the years and its impact on the environment. Following this, the chemical composition of rainwater and groundwater from the Mount Cameroon area in May-July 2017 is analysed, and the impact of water-rock interactions on groundwater chemistry is assessed. The concluding study aims to assess the extent of exposure to fluoride in inhabitants of Raebareli district in Uttar Pradesh, India, generating baseline data about the fluoride-contaminated area.

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Book SynopsisThis practical reference describes the occurrence of cavitation in a centrifugal pump, and how unacceptable cavitation can be avoided. It explains cavitation problems such as hydraulic performance loss, hydrodynamically or thermodynamically induced surging, and cavitation erosion. General guidelines for acceptable operation conditions, such as, net positive suction head (NPSH) margins and minimum flowrates, are presented along with evidence and logic for these proposed guidelines.Table of Contents1.Cavitation an Unacceptable Phenomenon 2.Independent Variables and Terminology 3.Centrifugal Pump Performance Characteristics 4.Net Positive Suction Head and the Pump Operational Range 5.Cavity Dynamics-A Simplified Approach 6.Hydraulic Performance Loss-Duty Shortfall and Vapour Locking 7.Cavitation Surging-Hydrodynamically Induced 8.Cavitation Surging-Thermodynamically Induced 9.Cavitation Erosion 10.Centrifugal Pump Low-Flow Protection 11.Cavitation for Centrifugal Pumps 12.New Centrifugal Pump Specifications-Pump Selection and Cavitation 13.New Centrifugal Pump Offers-Technical Assessments and Cavitation 14.Centrifugal Pumps in Service-Resolving Cavitation Problems 15.Centrifugal Pumps and Cavitation-A View of the Past 16.Centrifugal Pumps and Cavitation-A View on the Future Appendix A.The First Centrifugal Pump-As Described by Denis Papin in 1705 Index

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Book SynopsisThe practitioner or researcher often faces complex alternatives when selecting a method to characterize properties governing a soil process. After years of research and development, environmental and agricultural professionals now have an array of methods for characterizing soil processes. Well-established methods, however, may not be suitable for the specific conditions of a study since many soil characteristics are intrinsically variable. An objective, integrated approach for soil characterization is needed to more effectively quantify parameters.Soil-Water-Solute Process Characterization goes beyond technical guidance and addresses the complicating factors such as spatial and temporal variability of soil processes, scale issues, soil structure, and the trade-offs between methods. It focuses on advanced methods for the monitoring and modeling of mass transfer processes in soil. Expert contributors present limitations to well-known methods and alternatives, discussing their practical applications for characterization efforts, evaluating strengths and weaknesses, and focusing on a reduced set of selected techniques. Three in-depth sections cover everything from multidisciplinary approaches for assessing subsurface non-point source pollution to techniques for characterizing water and energy balances at the soil-plant-atmosphere interface, field methods for monitoring soil water status, and computer models for characterizing the effect of chemicals in soil. This single-source reference is transforming method selection and our understanding of the principles, advantages, and limitations of the available monitoring techniques. Written in a simple and straightforward manner, Soil-Water-Solute Process Characterization is a detailed cookbook and a useful, practical reference for students, practitioners, and researchers.Table of Contents Table of Contents. Preface: Soil Characterization, an Integrated Approach. Integration of Soil Process Characterization. Soil and Physical Processes: Energy and Water. Soil and Solutes Processes. Soil and Microorganisms. Spatial Variability and Scale Issues. Modeling Tools.

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Book SynopsisThis book examines the management and impacts of watersheds on the ecosystem process. The authors present topics including the effects of thinning on material transformation in a stand of Cryptomeria japonica in a watershed in eastern Japan; natural and human influences on the inorganic water chemistry of the northern Xinjiang rivers in China; current land use within the Conecuh/Escambia River watershed in the Gulf of Mexico; factors affecting farmers'' adoption of best management practices in Ontario''s Grand River watershed; and the adaptation of national elevation dataset to estimate depression storage in a glaciated watershed.

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