Human biology Books
Oxford University Press, USA Vulnerability and the Politics of Care Transdisciplinary Dialogues Proceedings of the British Academy
Book SynopsisThis book brings together scholars from across the social sciences and humanities to examine what it means to be vulnerable, to care and be cared for, within conditions of inequality, violence and crisis across the globe.Table of ContentsBodies, Resistance, Despair 1: JUDITH BUTLER: Bodies that Still Matter 2: ROSALBA ICAZA: Decolonial Feminism and Global Politics 3: C. JASON THROOP: Meteorological Moods and Atmospheric Attunements Response: The Terror of InvulnerabilityRAHUL RAO: Ambiguity, Affectivity, Violence 4: ERINN GILSON: The Problems and Potentials of Vulnerability 5: THOMAS GREGORY: Vulnerable Civilians: Coalition Checkpoints and the Perception of Hostile Intent 6: OMAR DEWACHI: Revealed in the Wound: Medical Care and the Ecologies of War in Post-Occupation Iraq Response: On the Condition of Being OpenVÉRONIQUE PIN-FAT: Narrative, Relationality, Disclosure 7: JACKIE LEACH SCULLY: The politics of care: from biomedical transformation to narrative vulnerability 8: JASON DANELY: "It rips you to bits!": Woundedness and Compassion in Carers' Narratives 9: ANN CAHILL: Disclosing an Experience of Sexual Assault: Ethics and the Role of the Confidant Response: Tenuous MooringsYASMIN GUNARATNAM: Dependence, Distribution, Waiting 10: LOTTE MEINERT: Vulnerability as Radically Social: Cash and Care for the Elderly in Uganda 11: LISA BARAITSER AND WILLIAM BROOK: Watchful Waiting: Temporalities of Crisis and Care in the UK: National Health Service Response: The Hopeless Hopeful Time of CaringTIFFANY PAGE: Index
£71.25
The University of Chicago Press Principles of Geology Volume 2
Book Synopsis
£30.00
The University of Chicago Press Bones of Contention Controversies in the Search
Book SynopsisA behind-the-scenes look at the search for human origins, analyzing how the biases and preconceptions of paleoanthropologists shape their work. The stories of the Taung Child and Neanderthal Man provide the background to the modern search for an exploration of how and where humans evolved.
£30.00
The University of Chicago Press Theories of Vision from Alkindi to Kepler
Book SynopsisTable of ContentsPreface 1: The Background: Ancient Theories of Vision 2: Al Kindi's Critique of Euclid's Theory of Vision 3: Galenists and Aristotelians in Islam 4: Alhazen and the New Intromission Theory of Vision 5: The Origins of Optics in the West 6: The Optical Synthesis of the Thirteenth Century 7: Visual Theory in the Later Middle Ages 8: Artists and Anatomists of the Renaissance 9: Johannes Kepler and the Theory of the Retinal Image Appendix: The Translation of Optical Works from Greek and Arabic into Latin Notes Selected Bibliography Index
£28.00
The University of Chicago Press The Ovary of Eve Egg Sperm Preformation Egg
Book SynopsisHailed by the Greeks as the mystery of mysteries, the perplexing question of where babies come from, has puzzled men and women throughout history. This book examines the theory of preformation, which proposed that miniature creatures existed inside potential parents, waiting to be born.
£76.00
The University of Chicago Press The Ovary of Eve
Book SynopsisHailed by the Greeks as the mystery of mysteries, the perplexing question of where babies come from, has puzzled men and women throughout history. This book examines the theory of preformation, which proposed that miniature creatures existed inside potential parents, waiting to be born.
£26.00
The University of Chicago Press French DNA Trouble in Purgatory
Book Synopsis"Can a country claim to have its own genetic material?" Rabinow demonstrates that the answer to this question is far from simple. The work is cross-disciplinary, marrying news events, science and philosophical analysis to see how past events influenced current thinking.Trade Review"Can a country claim to have its own genetic material?... Rabinow demonstrates that the answer to this question is far from simple.... The wide variety of subjects that he treats guarantees the interest of a large group of readers: students, researchers, scientific managers from academic institutions as well as from industry, politicians, and interested laymen." - Wilhelm Ansorge, Science "A fast-paced story of personalities and research organizations, interspersed with chapters delving into French history and politics to analyse how past events influenced current thinking and decision making.... The author has done an excellent job of marrying presentation of 'news events,' science, and philosophical analysis, and a book such as this is valuable for its cross-disciplinary insights." - Clare Robinson, Endeavour "Rabinow's book introduces a dramatis personae that could fill the pages of a bio-tech corporate thriller." - Gary Lachman, Times Literary Supplement
£28.00
University of Chicago Press The Robots Rebellion Finding Meaning in the Age of Darwin
a huge range and FREE tracked UK delivery on ALL orders.
£20.43
Columbia University Press Human Culture A Moment in Evolution
Book Synopsis'
£84.75
Columbia University Press Finding Fran History and Memory in the Lives of
Book SynopsisExploring the intersections of biography and autobiography, East and West, faith and reason, Finding Fran tells the story of two high school friends who took radically different paths: Lois Banner became an academic feminist, while Fran Huneke converted to Islam, joining the mystical Sufi Order and moving to Egypt.Trade ReviewCandid and serious, Finding Fran is suffused with intelligence and at war with stereotypes... A deeply respectful account of very different ways of being a strong woman. Women's Review of Books Banner's book is a model for discourse and dialogue between often hostile perspectives. -- Kathy Bullock Association for Middle East Women's Studies Banner's ability to see personal choices as part of a larger societal picture has produced a special kind of autobiography, a living history, far superior to the flood of memoirs deluging the market in recent years. -- Charlotte Innes LA Weekly A spiritual quest that encompasses the roots of family and friendship-it will resonate with the women of Banner's generation and beyond. Kirkus Reviews
£78.20
Columbia University Press How Women Got Their Curves and Other JustSo
Book SynopsisTrade ReviewA delightful, thought-provoking volume on perennial questions about female biology. Publishers Weekly The book is well written and even though evolutionary biology can sometimes be difficult to comprehend, the authors do a good job in describing and explaining the various hypotheses encountered. The examples they use shed light on complex biological and evolutionary traits and adaptations. -- Hennie Weiss MetaPsychologyTable of Contents1. Introduction 2. On Scientific Mysteries and Just-So Stories 3. Why Munstruate? 4. Invisible Ovulation 5. Breasts and Other Curves 6. The Enigmatic Orgasm 7. The Menopause Mystery 8. Epilogue: The Lure of the Limpopo
£62.00
Indiana University Press Foresters Borders and Bark Beetles
Book SynopsisTrade ReviewThe three environmental policy positions and their exemplary representatives would be enough to turn the study into a cutting edge look at the recent past and present of one of the world's most controversial and at the same time most vulnerable ecosystems. Blavascunas can and wants to do more, namely not only to write ethnographically, but also to convince. It expressly does not absolutize the Kossaks, Szumarskis and Korbels, as would contemporary historical approaches, whose narratives cannot do without heroes and a simple conclusion: for or against the jungle and its preservation or deforestation. But it sets other accents; it is about a mapping of what would be possible outside of this pro-contra dichotomy. . . . Foresters, Borders, and Bark Beetles . . . dares a partisan intervention for the not so human actors in an ancient forest. -- Bruno Arich-Gerz * TEXTEM *Table of Contents1. Puszcza: Of Forests and Time 2. The Forester 3. Scientists and the Communist Past: Syndromes, Disorders, and a Proper Elite 4. Post-peasant Cosmopolitics: Man of the Forest 5. Borderline Engagements: Relict Forest, Relict Communism 6. Resurgence: Outbreaks of Bark Beetle and Right-wing Nationalism 7. Temporal Dimensions: The Past is not Safe at all
£52.70
Indiana University Press The Perfect Vagina
Book SynopsisThe Perfect Vagina highlights the complexities involved with Female Genital Cosmetic Surgery, its role in Western beauty culture, and the creation and control of body image in countries where self-care is valorized and medicine is increasingly harnessed for enhancement as well as health.Trade ReviewThe Perfect Vagina highlights the complexities involved with FGCS, its role in Western beauty culture, and the creation and control of body image in countries where self-care is valorized and medicine is increasingly harnessed for enhancement as well as health. -- Jana Byars * New Books Network *Table of ContentsAcknowledgmentsPrologue: Mandy's StoryIntroduction: Vulnerable Vulvas1. Melting Snowflakes: Toward a Clean Slit2. Normativity and the Contradictory Nature of Normal3. Seeking Vulval Perfection4. Vulva Las Vegas: Science, Magic (a Gamble) or More of the Same?5. Autonomy, Risk, Desire, and MagicAppendicesReferencesIndex
£56.10
Indiana University Press Sharing the Burden of Sickness
Book SynopsisA medical history of Accra that accounts for plural medical traditions and multiple notions of health and healing.Trade ReviewRoberts skillfully and clearly shows how Accra's evolution allowed for a pluralistic therapeutic tradition to develop. * Choice Magazine *Table of ContentsList of TermsAcknowledgmentsNote on SourcesIntroduction1. The Roots of Therapeutic Pluralism in Accra, 1677 to the mid-1800s2. The Convergence of the Five Healing Traditions in the "Healthy" Capital of the Gold Coast3. Therapeutic Pluralism during the Cocoa Boom, 1908–1930s4. Colonial Medical Culture at Korle Bu5. The Creation of an African "Bloodstream"6. The Resilience of Therapeutic Pluralism on the Eve of Ghanaian IndependenceEpilougeBibliographyIndex
£25.19
Indiana University Press Sharing the Burden of Sickness
Book SynopsisA medical history of Accra that accounts for plural medical traditions and multiple notions of health and healing.Trade ReviewRoberts skillfully and clearly shows how Accra's evolution allowed for a pluralistic therapeutic tradition to develop. * Choice Magazine *Table of ContentsList of TermsAcknowledgmentsNote on SourcesIntroduction1. The Roots of Therapeutic Pluralism in Accra, 1677 to the mid-1800s2. The Convergence of the Five Healing Traditions in the "Healthy" Capital of the Gold Coast3. Therapeutic Pluralism during the Cocoa Boom, 1908–1930s4. Colonial Medical Culture at Korle Bu5. The Creation of an African "Bloodstream"6. The Resilience of Therapeutic Pluralism on the Eve of Ghanaian IndependenceEpilougeBibliographyIndex
£59.50
WW Norton & Co Women After All
Book SynopsisA short, lively argument for the natural superiority of women.Trade Review"Konner mines evolution and anthropology to probe gender identities in the light of biology, sexual conflict across species and more. The provocative scenarios he lays out include a man-free world where women reproduce using DNA from other women's eggs." -- Nature"Melvin Konner's book has an urgent message for women – and men…" -- Times Higher Education"This is strong stuff...Konner really does know his evolutionary onions…" -- The Mail on Sunday"...it [Women After All] is witty, well paced, packed with useful information and suggests an intriguing new perspective on an old phenomenon…" -- Paul Seabright - Times Literary Supplement"...he [Konner] does support his arguments with a whole kaleidoscope of fascinating research and information." -- Human Givens
£12.34
Wiley Molecular Nutrition and Genomics
Book SynopsisThis fascinating book draws its subject matter from a range of relevant disciplines that extend from molecular nutrition, nutritional sciences, and nutrition dietetics through to genetics, genomics, and anthropology.Table of ContentsPREFACE. ACKNOWLEDGMENTS. INTRODUCTION. Chapter 1—Defining Important Concepts. 1.1 Key Concepts in Molecular Biology for the Study of Human Nutrition. 1.2 The Inheritance of Genetic Packets of Information. 1.3 A Brief Overview of Evolutionary Biology and the Ascent of Man. 1.4 The –omics Revolution. Chapter 2—Molecular Mechanisms of Genetic Variation Linked to Diet. 2.1 A Brief History of the Human Diet. 2.2 The Role of Milk in Human Evolution. 2.3 Micronutrients and the Evolution of Skin Pigmentation. 2.4 Micronutrients Optimize Gametogenesis and Reproductive Fecundity. 2.5 Direct Dietary Selection of a Human Metabolomic Profile. 2.6 The Evolution of Taste as a Survival Mechanism. 2.7 The Mystery of Alcohol Dehydrogenase Polymorphisms and Ethanol Toxicity. 2.8 Evolution of Xenobiotic Metabolism in Humans. Chapter 3—Essential Nutrients and Genomic Integrity: Developmental and Degenerative Correlates. 3.1 Micronutrients and Genomic Stability and Function. Chapter 4—Nutrients and Cerebral Function in Human Evolution. 4.1 Human Encephalisation May be Linked to an Evolutionary Reduction in Gut Mass. 4.2 Weaning and Brain Development. 4.3 Micronutrients and the Cerebral Basis of Spirituality and Social Structure. 4.4 Pharmacotoxicology of Plants and Cultural Evolution. Chapter 5—The Evolution of Micronutrient Metabolism. 5.1 Antioxidants, Evolution, and Human Health. Chapter 6—Evolved Refinement of the Human Lifecycle Based on Nutritional Criteria. 6.1 Human Breast Milk—An Evolved Food. 6.2 Conflict between Parent and Offspring over Nutrient Requirements. 6.3 Natural Selection for Foraging Efficiency. 6.4 Evolution of Senescence. Chapter 7—The Evolution of Human Disease. 7.1 The Conflict between Agriculture and Ancestral Genes. 7.2 Obesity: A Chronic Plague of our Affluent Societies. 7.3 Prion Protein Locus and Human Evolution: The Link Between Variant Creutzfeld-Jakob Disease and Cannibalism. Chapter 8—Contemporary Dietary Patterns that Work: The Mediterranean Diet. 8.1 Tomatoes. 8.2 Olive Oil. 8.3 Red Wine. 8.4 Bioflavonoids. 8.5 Fish. Chapter 9—Some Non-Micronutrient Essential and Nonessential Nutrients with Molecular and Possible Evolutionary Impact. 9.1 Lecithins. 9.2 Lipid-Derived First Messengers—The Eicosanoids.1 9.3 Isoflavones—Genomic and Nongenomic Influence at the Estrogen Receptor. 9.4 Phytic Acid. Chapter 10—Natural Food Toxins and the Human Diet. 10.1 Dietary Zootoxins. 10.2 Dietary Phytotoxins. Chapter 11—Nutrigenomics. 11.1 What is Nutrigenomics? 11.2 Genetic Buffering Underpins Nutrigenomic Relationships. Chapter 12—The Evolution of Protein Function. Chapter 13—Leading Edge Laboratory Tools in Nutrigenomics and Human Evolutionary Studies. 13.1 Denaturing HPLC. 13.2 DNA Sequencing. 13.3 Nucleic Acid Microchip Techniques. 13.4 The Polymerase Chain Reaction. 13.5 Protein Mass Spectrometry. 13.6 Bioinformatics. References. Index.
£98.96
John Wiley & Sons Inc Culture and Health
Book SynopsisCulture and Health offers an overview of different areas of culture and health, building on foundations of medical anthropology and health behavior theory.Table of ContentsFigures, Tables, and Exhibits. Special Features. Preface. Medical Anthropology’s Perspectives. Chapter Overviews. Special Features of the Text. Dedication. The Author. Acknowledgments. ONE: APPLIED MEDICAL ANTHROPOLOGY AND HEALTH CARE. Culture and Health. Culture, Ethnomedicines, and Biomedicine. Cultural Competence in the Health Professions. Concepts of Health. Systems Approaches to Health. Chapter Summary. TWO: DISEASE, ILLNESS, SICKNESS, AND THE SICK ROLE. Experience of Maladies. Biomedical Assumptions About Disease. Social Models of Maladies and Diagnoses. Illness and Sickness Accounts. The Sick Role and Sickness Career. AIDS as Disease, Sickness, and Illness. Health Beliefs and Explanatory Models. Chapter Summary. THREE: CULTURAL COMPETENCE IN HEALTH CARE. Cross-Cultural Adaptations in Health Care. Cultural Competence. Anthropological Perspectives on Cross-Cultural Adaptation. Concepts of Culture. Interpersonal Skills for Intercultural Relations. Specialty Cross-Cultural Applications of Medical Anthropology. Using Culture to Care for Patients and Providers. Chapter Summary. FOUR: CULTURAL SYSTEMS MODELS. Cultural Models for Health Assessment. Cultural Systems Approaches to Health. Cultural Infrastructure, Structure, and Superstructure. Infrastructure. Family Infl uences on Health and Development. Understanding Worldview and Symbolic Resources. Community Health Assessment. Rapid Assessment, Response, and Evaluation (RARE). Chapter Summary. FIVE: ETHNOMEDICAL SYSTEMS AND HEALTH CARE SECTORS. Popular, Folk, and Professional Health Care Sectors. Popular-Sector Health Resources. Folk Sectors and Ethnomedicines. Professional Healers. Chapter Summary. SIX: TRANSCULTURAL PSYCHIATRY AND INDIGENOUS PSYCHOLOGY. Culture and Personality. Cultural Concepts of Normalcy and Abnormalcy. Personality and Self in Indigenous Psychology. Possession in Clinical and Cross-Cultural Perspectives. Biocultural Approaches to Indigenous Psychology. Ethnomedical Theories of Illness. Cross-Cultural Ethnomedical Syndromes. Chapter Summary. SEVEN: MEDICAL- ECOLOGICAL APPROACHES TO HEALTH. Medical Ecology and Disease. Evolutionary Adaptations and Health. Genetic, Individual, and Cultural Adaptations to the Environment. Epidemiology of Disease. Racial and Ethnic Categories and Health. Triune Brain Structures and Functions. Evolution of the Sickness-and-Healing Responses. Emotions in Biocultural Perspective. Chapter Summary. EIGHT: POLITICAL ECONOMY AND CRITICAL MEDICAL ANTHROPOLOGY. Political Economy Approaches to Health. Critical Medical Anthropology. Social Conditions as Causes of Disease and Health. Social Networks and Support. Macrolevel Social Effects on Clinical Health. Changing Health Through Public Policy and Community Involvement. Chapter Summary. NINE: PSYCHOBIOLOGICAL DYNAMICS OF HEALTH. Cultural Healing. Religion, Ritual, and Symbolic Healing. Stress Response. Placebos and Placebo Effects. Psychoneuroimmunology. Metaphoric Processes in Symbolic Healing. Chapter Summary. TEN: THE SHAMANIC PARADIGM OF ETHNOMEDICINE. What Is Shamanism? The Integrative Mode of Consciousness. Neurognostic Structures. Bases for Shamanistic Therapies. Shamanic Roots in Contemporary Religious Experiences and Healing. Chapter Summary. GLOSSARY. REFERENCES. NAME INDEX. SUBJECT INDEX.
£66.56
John Wiley & Sons Inc Age Estimation in the Living
Book SynopsisThis book summarizes and explains the main approaches to age estimation in the living, defining when a parameter may be of use and raising awareness of its limitations. This text ensures that practitioners recognize when an assessment is beyond their area of expertise or beyond verification depending upon the clinical data available. Each key approach to age evaluation has been allotted a single chapter, written by an international leader in the particular field. The book also includes summary chapters that relay readily accessible data for use by the practitioner, and includes important ageing milestones. This book is indispensable where problems of immigration and legal standing, juvenile vs. adult criminal status, and responsibilities of law enforcement to protect vulnerable persons are key issues on a daily basis. Medical practitioners, forensic practitioners such as pathology, odontology, anthropology andnursing, lawyers, and police would find this book incredibly usefulTrade Review"I strongly recommend this book to anyone interested in human growth and development, or any of the many factors that influence the timing of human maturation." (The American Journal of Human Biology, 2012) "All in all, a very useful book. I would highly recommend this book not only to all forensic physicians, but to everyone practicing in this field. I would imagine that his book would be highly useful for lawyers, police, medical and dental practitioners, forensic scientists. I would also recommend this book to all undergraduate and postgraduate law and medical students preparing for forensic medicine examinations." (Internet Journal of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, 1 January 2011) "The book is of value by advising not only what can or should be done in certain situations, but by also stating what ought not to be done . . . this publication will, I believe be of great value to the many professionals engaged in this field world wide, and will also be an excellent reference tool." (Internet Law Book Reviews, 2011) "Medical researchers explain some of the approaches used to estimate the age of people who for some reason or another do not know their age, or who are trying to conceal their age. They begin by setting out the nature of the problem, in chapters on immigration, asylum seekers, and undocumented identity; clinical and legal requirements for age determination in the living; and consent issues and other legal implications of age determination. Then they consider biological matters such as challenges of the psychological assessment of maturity; principles of physical age estimation; growth, maturation, and age; practical imaging techniques for age estimation; external soft tissue indicators of age from birth to adulthood; odontology in the living; the skeleton; age evaluation after growth cessation; presenting results and statistics for legal purposes; and key practical elements for age estimation in the living. (Annotation ©2011 Book News Inc. Portland, OR)" (Reference and Research Book News, February 2011) "I would recommend this book to any individual that was responsible for determining age of subjects for legal requirements. The authors have created a very organized text to aid in verifying scientific methods used in age determination. I thank the authors for going the extra mile and creating such a complete text for use in forensic investigations." (Anil Aggrawal's Internet Journal of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, January 2011) "This subject area of Age Assessment in the Living needed this book; it fills a void in the field to a very high standard." (King's College London, January 2011)Table of ContentsForeword xiii Preface xv Glossary of Abbreviations xvii 1 An Introduction to the History of Age Estimation in the Living 1 Andreas Schmeling and Sue Black 1.1 Introduction 1 1.2 Dental Development 3 1.3 Skeletal Maturation 5 1.4 Secondary Sexual Development 8 1.5 Conclusion 10 References 12 2 Immigration, Asylum Seekers and Undocumented Identity 19 Heather Law, Lorraine Mensah, Sue Bailey and Julia Nelki 2.1 Asylum Seeker to Refugee 26 References 28 3 Clinical and Legal Requirements for Age Determination in the Living 30 Philip Beh and Jason Payne-James 3.1 Introduction 30 3.2 Contrasts between Age Assessment in the Living and the Deceased 31 3.3 Reasons for Age Estimation of Bodies and Human Remains 32 3.4 Reasons for Age Estimation of Living Individuals 32 3.5 Assessment Techniques 37 3.6 How Age May Be Specifically Documented 37 3.7 Birth Certificates 38 3.8 Identity Cards 38 3.9 Driving Licence 38 3.10 Passports 39 3.11 Age Verification Cards 40 3.12 Other Documents 40 3.13 Medical Issues 40 3.13.1 Duties to Examinee 40 3.14 Communication 41 3.15 Summary and Conclusions 41 References 42 4 Legal Implications of Age Determination: Consent and Other Issues 43 George Fernie and Jason Payne-James 4.1 Introduction 43 4.2 Principles of Practice 44 4.3 Duties of the Examining Practitioner 47 4.4 Criminal Issues in Age Determination in the Living 48 4.5 Practical Implications 51 4.6 Summary 53 References 54 5 The Challenges of Psychological Assessments of Maturity 55 Julia Nelki, Pete Grady, Sue Bailey and Heather Law 5.1 Introduction 55 5.1.1 Current Status in the UK 57 5.2 Need for Determination of Maturity 58 5.3 Psychological Maturity as a Concept 59 5.3.1 Child Development 60 5.3.2 Middle Childhood 61 5.3.3 Adolescence 62 5.3.4 Ethical Framework 63 5.4 Current Practice 65 5.5 Suggestions for a Framework for Good Practice 67 5.5.1 Setting 68 5.6 Summary and Conclusion 69 Appendix 5.A Proposed Framework, Based on Common Assessment Framework (Department of Schools Families and Children, 2007) 69 References 74 6 Principles of Physical Age Estimation 77 Sue Black and George Maat 6.1 Intra-uterine Growth and Development 79 6.2 Birth and Infancy 82 6.3 Childhood 83 6.4 Juvenile 85 6.5 Adolescence 85 6.6 Adult 86 6.7 Senescence 87 6.8 Summary 88 6.9 Growth Studies 89 References 91 7 Growth, Maturation and Age 95 Noël Cameron and Laura L. Jones 7.1 Growth, Maturation and Age 95 7.1.1 The Concept of Time 95 7.1.2 Maturity Indicators 98 7.1.3 Maturational Variation 99 7.1.4 Uneven Maturation 99 7.1.5 Sexual Dimorphism 100 7.1.6 Maturity and Size 100 7.2 Assessment of Maturation 101 7.2.1 Skeletal Maturity 101 7.2.2 Dental Maturity 101 7.2.3 Secondary Sexual Development 102 7.2.4 Independence of Methods 102 7.3 Secular Trends 102 7.4 Worldwide Variation in the Timing of Maturation 104 7.4.1 Secondary Sexual Development 104 7.4.2 Dental Development 109 7.4.3 Skeletal Development 109 7.5 Factors Associated with the Timing of Maturation 112 7.5.1 Genetic Variability 112 7.5.2 Demographic Factors 113 7.5.3 Biological Factors 114 7.5.4 Environmental Factors 116 7.6 Summary 120 References 120 8 Practical Imaging Techniques for Age Evaluation 130 Andreas Schmeling, Sven Schmidt, Ronald Schulz, Andreas Olze, Walter Reisinger and Volker Vieth 8.1 Introduction 130 8.2 Radiation Exposure in X-ray Examinations for the Purpose of Age Estimation 131 8.3 Radiological Examination of the Hand 133 8.4 Radiological Examination of the Teeth 138 8.5 Radiological Examination of the Clavicles 142 8.6 Summary and Conclusions 144 References 145 9 External Soft Tissue Indicators of Age from Birth to Adulthood 150 Anil Aggrawal, Puneet Setia, Avneesh Gupta, and Anthony Busuttil 9.1 Growth Patterns 151 9.2 Anthropometric Parameters in Children 151 9.2.1 Growth Charts 152 9.2.2 Developmental Milestones 159 9.2.2.1 Head Control 159 9.2.2.2 Rolling 159 9.2.2.3 Sitting 160 9.2.2.4 Gross Motor 160 9.2.2.5 Fine Motor 161 9.2.2.6 Social and cognitive 161 9.2.2.7 Speech and language 162 9.3 Pubertal Changes 162 9.3.1 Stages of Pubic Hair Development Derived from Tanner (1962) 163 9.3.1.1 Pubic Hair Development in Males 164 9.3.1.2 Pubic Hair Development in Females 164 9.3.2 Stages of Axillary Hair Development Derived from Tanner (1962) 164 9.3.3 Stages of Development of Male Genitalia Derived from Tanner (1962) 166 9.3.3.1 Testicular Volume 166 9.3.3.2 Age of First Erection and Ejaculation 167 9.3.4 Stages of breast development as derived from Tanner (1962) 168 9.3.5 Age of Menarche 168 9.4 Areas of New Research 170 9.5 Conclusion 170 References 171 10 Age Evaluation and Odontology in the Living 176 Jane Taylor and Matthew Blenkin 10.1 Introduction 176 10.2 Overview of the Development of the Dentition 177 10.3 Techniques of Dental Age Estimation 179 10.4 The Sub-adult Dentition 180 10.4.1 Sub-adult: Physical/Anatomical 180 10.4.1.1 Tooth Counts 180 10.4.2 Sub-adult: Radiographic 182 10.4.2.1 Atlas Style Techniques 182 10.4.2.2 Techniques Employing Measurement 184 10.4.3 Sub-adult: Destructive 187 10.4.3.1 Histological Techniques 187 10.4.3.2 Aspartic Acid Racemization 187 10.5 The Adult Dentition 187 10.5.1 Adult: Physical 188 10.5.1.1 Tooth Wear 188 10.5.2 Adult: Radiographic 188 10.5.2.1 Third Molars 189 10.5.2.2 Secondary Dentine Apposition 190 10.5.3 Adult: Destructive 191 10.5.3.1 The Gustafson Method 191 10.5.3.2 Root Transparency 191 10.5.3.3 Amino Acid Racemization and Histological Techniques 191 10.6 Summary 191 References 193 11 Age Evaluation from the Skeleton 202 S. Lucina Hackman, Alanah Buck and S. Black 11.1 Background 202 11.2 Fetal Age 204 11.3 Birth 208 11.4 Juvenile/Child 210 11.5 Age Estimation from the Skeleton in Living Adults 221 11.6 Medial Clavicle 222 11.7 Sternal Ribs and Costal Cartilages 223 11.8 Pelvis 224 11.9 Skull Sutural Closure 224 11.10 Laryngeal Cartilages 225 11.11 Other General Ageing Features 226 11.12 Summary 226 References 226 12 Age Evaluation after Growth Cessation 236 Anil Aggrawal, Puneet Setia, Avneesh Gupta and Anthony Busuttil 12.1 Background 236 12.2 Consent 237 12.3 Radiology 237 12.3.1 Pubic Bones 239 12.3.2 Long Bones 242 12.3.3 Skull Sutures 243 12.3.4 Costal Cartilages 246 12.3.4.1 Sternum 246 12.3.5 Vertebrae 247 12.3.6 Laryngeal Cartilages 250 12.4 Odontology 250 12.5 Soft Tissues of Face 251 12.6 Genetics in Age Estimation 252 12.7 Physiological and Biochemical Parameters for Age Estimation 253 12.8 Areas of Future Research 254 12.8.1 Small Long Bones 254 12.8.2 Scapula 254 12.8.3 Others 254 12.8.4 Histology 256 12.9 Conclusion 257 References 257 13 The Presentation of Results and Statistics for Legal Purposes 267 David Lucy 13.1 Introduction 267 13.2 Evidence and Intelligence 269 13.3 Statistical Methods in Age Estimation 270 13.4 Classical, or Frequentist, Approaches 271 13.5 Bayesian Approaches 271 13.6 The Relevance to Age Estimation 272 13.7 Likelihood Ratio Approaches 274 13.8 Errors of Interpretation 279 13.9 Concluding Comments 280 Appendix 13.A Age-Related Data from Gustafson (1950) 281 References 282 14 Key Practical Elements for Age Estimation in the Living 284 Sue Black, Jason Payne-James and Anil Aggrawal 14.1 The Four Pillars of Age Estimation 286 14.1.1 Pillar 1: Social and Psychological Evaluation 286 14.1.2 Pillar 2: External Estimation of Age 286 14.1.3 Pillar 3: Skeletal Estimation of Age 288 14.1.4 Pillar 4: Dental Estimation of Age 289 14.2 Conclusion 290 Index 291
£106.16
John Wiley and Sons Ltd Human Genetics and Genomics Includes Wiley EText
Book SynopsisThis fourth edition of the best-selling textbook, Human Genetics and Genomics, clearly explains the key principles needed by medical and health sciences students, from the basis of molecular genetics, to clinical applications used in the treatment of both rare and common conditions.Table of ContentsPreface vii How to get the best out of your textbook viii PART ONE: BASIC PRINCIPLES OF HUMAN GENETICS 1 1 DNA Structure and Function 3 2 Genetic Variation 20 3 Patterns of Inheritance 38 4 The Human Genome 64 5 Multifactorial Inheritance 87 6 Cell Division and Chromosomes 100 7 Population Genetics 125 8 Cancer Genetics 137 PART TWO: GENETICS AND GENOMICS IN MEDICAL PRACTICE 155 9 Chromosome Translocation 157 10 Molecular Diagnosis 171 11 Newborn Screening 182 12 Developmental Genetics 194 13 Carrier Screening 203 14 Genetic Risk Assessment 213 15 Genetic Testing for Risk of Cancer 222 16 Pharmacogenetics 230 17 Treatment of Genetic Disorders 239 Answers to Review Questions 248 Glossary 253 Index 262
£44.60
John Wiley & Sons Inc Biology Evolution and Human Nature
Book SynopsisThis book uses evolution as the unifying theme to trace the connections between levels of biological complexity from genes through nervous systems, animal societies, and human cultures.Trade Review"This is a well written and illustrated introduction to modern biology, notably thorough and useful in the way it builds upon evolutionary explanation." --Edward O. Wilson, Museum of Comparative Zoology, Harvard University "An excellent introduction to a body of knowledge and concepts that should be mastered by every educated person." --Steven Pinker, Massachusetts Institute of Technology "The explanations of many difficult concepts are the best I've seen." --Donald Kennedy, Standford University "Truly a pleasure to read...The authors have a real knack for style and ease of expression.... The concepts and ideas are clearly stated, well developed, and easily understood." --Charles Mallery, University of Miami "This is a remarkable book." --Martin Daley, McMaster University "This is a superb book ? highly engaging, extremely well written, and well stocked with fascinating information." --David M. Buss, University of Texas - AustinTable of ContentsFOUNDATIONS. Why Study Biology? Charles Darwin and the Origins of Evolutionary Theory. Cells and the Molecules of Life. Genetic Continuity and Change: Organisms, Environments, and Microevolution. After Darwin: Molecular Evolution, Selection, and Adaptation. Evolutionary Social Theory. EVOLUTION IN ACTION. The Success of Social Insects. Parasites, Hosts, and the Evolutionary Warfare of Infectious Disease. THE BIOLOGY OF BEHAVIOR. Nervous Systems Generate Behavior. Individual Organisms are the Product of Development. Behavior as Phenotype. OUR PLACE IN NATURE. The Physical Record of Human Origins. Exploring Our Behavioral Heritage. Viewing Human Cultures in an Evolutionary Context. Bibliography. Credits. Index.
£142.45
John Wiley and Sons Ltd The Scientific Bases of Human Anatomy
Book SynopsisToday?s students require a readable and succinct overview of human anatomy from a modern, integrative perspective. The Human Body provides a means for understanding the exciting underlying scientific principles, with an emphasis on the connection between the structure of the human body and a vast array of scientific disciplines.Table of ContentsForeword vii Preface xi Chapter 1 A New System of Human Anatomy 1 1.1 Why a New System? 1 1.2 For Whom Is This System Useful? 4 1.3 What is This System? 6 1.4 Why, Therefore, This Book? 7 1.5 What is My Hope for My Readers? 10 Chapter 2 A Bird’s-eye View of the Human Body 13 2.1 The Scientific Basis of Anatomy 13 2.2 Foundations: From Cell to Embryo 28 2.3 Blueprints: Across the Chordates 41 2.4 Functions: External Lifestyles and Internal Milieux 52 2.5 Integration and Control, Body and Brain 63 2.6 Evolution: Forwards from Deep Time 69 Chapter 3 “The Naming of the Parts”: Some Wrinkles 87 3.1 Terminological Confusions 88 3.2 Implications for Names from Developmental Anatomy 90 3.3 Conclusion 95 Chapter 4 Building the Human Trunk 97 4.1 The External Trunk: From Plan to Layout 97 4.2 The Internal Trunk: From Shell to Frsmework 118 4.3 The Trunk: Comparative Plans 129 Chapter 5 Building Human Limbs 139 5.1 The Limbs, from Fetus to Adult 139 5.2 Limbs across the Vertebrates 157 5.3 Limb Variations 169 Chapter 6 Understanding the Human Head 193 6.1 Insights from Building the Trunk 193 6.2 Now into the Head 197 6.4 Head Differences from the Trunk 215 6.5 Final Head Anatomy in the Resultant Adult 222 6.6 Head Structures and the Nervous System 230 6.7 Heads over the Long Haul, from Lampreys to Humans 240 Chapter 7 Building the Human Brain 247 7.1 The Beginnings of the Central Nervous System 247 7.2 From Spinal Cord to Brain: the Initial Brain 252 7.3 The Ultimate Brain 258 7.4 The Size and Complexity of the Brain 264 Chapter 8 Postlude: Possible Human Futures 283 References 291 Index 295
£78.26
John Wiley & Sons Inc The Growth of Humanity
Book SynopsisThe Growth of Humanity Barry Bogin The growth of human populations and human physical growth are intimately related, and their combined study links several fields including anthropology, demography, economics, and history.Trade Review"...using historical and archaeological evidence unavailable to the bards, Bogin...shows that both the human population and the human body are getting larger, and argues that the two phenomena are intimately linked..." (Reference & Research Book News, Vol. 16, No. 3, August 2001) "...this book would be a wonderful text...it could be used for a wide array of courses...reflects the breadth of human biological research and...provides an important and exciting step in building a much-needed theoretical framework..." (American Journal of Human Biology, Vol. 1, January/February 2002) "...excellent, skillfully written volume...It will serve as a valuable textbook for many courses...In fact, anyone with intellectual curiosity about the biological and social history of human populations will find a wealth of authoritative information...a novel approach to many subjects familiar to demographers, evolutionists, developmental biologists, and other life scientists. They should read it." (The Quarterly Review of Biology, June 2002) this book should be an integral part of reading lists of all population-related courses (Population and Development Review, Vol. 28, No. 3, June 2002)Table of ContentsAcknowledgments. Series Introduction. Of Populations and People. How Populations Grow: History, Methods, and Principles of Demography. How People Grow. Evolution of the Human Life History. Food, Demography, and Growth. Migration and Human Health. Growth of Humanity. The Aging of Humanity. Glossary. References. Index.
£116.96
John Wiley & Sons Inc Genomics
Book SynopsisA unique exploration of the principles and methods underlying the Human Genome Project and modern molecular genetics and biotechnology-from two top researchers In Genomics, Charles R. Cantor, former director of the Human Genome Project, and Cassandra L. Smith give the first integral overview of the strategies and technologies behind the Human Genome Project and the field of molecular genetics and biotechnology. Written with a range of readers in mind-from chemists and biologists to computer scientists and engineers-the book begins with a review of the basic properties of DNA and the chromosomes that package it in cells. The authors describe the three main techniques used in DNA analysis-hybridization, polymerase chain reaction, and electrophoresis-and present a complete exploration of DNA mapping in its many different forms. By explaining both the theoretical principles and practical foundations of modern molecular genetics to a wide audience, the book brings the scientific communiTrade Review"this book is to be highly recommended..."(Human Genetics, May 2000)Table of ContentsDNA Chemistry and Biology. A Genome Overview at the Level of Chromosomes. Analysis of DNA Sequences by Hybridization. Polymerase Chain Reaction and Other Methods for In Vitro DNA Amplification. Principles of DNA Electrophoresis. Genetic Analysis. Cytogenetics and Pseudogenetics. Physical Mapping. Enhanced Methods for Physical Mapping. DNA Sequencing: Current Tactics. Strategies for Large-Scale DNA Sequencing. Future DNA Sequencing Without Length Fractionation. Finding Genes and Mutations. Sequence-Specific Manipulation of DNA. Results and Implications of Large-Scale DNA Sequencing. Appendix. Index.
£183.56
The University of Michigan Press Building a New Biocultural Synthesis
Book Synopsis
£23.70
University of California Press Writing at the Margin
Book SynopsisAn exploration of the border between medical and social problems, the boundary between health and social change, and a study of the body as the mediator between individual and collective experience. The author argues for an ethnographic approach to moral practice in medicine.Table of ContentsPREFACE 1 Introduction: Medical Anthropology as Intellectual Career PART ONE: THE CULTURE OF BIOMEDICINE 2 What Is Specific to Biomedicine? 3 Anthropology of Bioethics 4 A Critique of Objectivity in International Health PART TWO: SUFFERING AS SOCIAL EXPERIENCE 5 Suffering and Its Professional Transformation: Toward an Ethnography of Interpersonal Experience (with Joan Kleinman) 6 Pain and Resistance: The Delegitimation and Relegitimation of Local Worlds 7 The Social Course of Epilepsy: Chronic Illness as Social Experience in Interior China (with Wen-zhi Wang, Shi-chuo Li, Xue-ming Cheng, Xiu-ying Dai, ICun-tun Li, and Joan Kleinman) 8 Violence, Culture, and the Politics of Trauma (with Robert Desjarlais) PART THREE: THE STATE OF MEDICAL ANTHROPOLOGY 9 The New Wave of Ethnographies in Medical Anthropology APPENDIX: WORKS BY ARTHUR KLEINMAN NOTES REFERENCES INDEX
£26.10
University of California Press Living Color
Book SynopsisInvestigates the social history of skin color from prehistory to the present, showing how our body's most visible feature influences our social interactions in profound and complex ways. This book explains why skin color has become a biological trait with great social meaning - a product of evolution perceived differently by different cultures.Trade Review"Accessible to general readers... The book fascinates! Highly recommended." -- D. C. Cook, Indiana University Choice "Clear [and] thorough, but not exhaustive or boring." American Journal of AnthropologyTable of ContentsList of Illustrations Preface and Acknowledgments Introduction Part One. Biology 1. Skin's Natural Palette 2. Original Skin 3. Out of the Tropics 4. Skin Color in the Modern World 5. Shades of Sex 6. Skin Color and Health Part Two. Society 7. The Discriminating Primate 8. Encounters with Difference 9. Skin Color in the Age of Exploration 10. Skin Color and the Establishment of Races 11. Institutional Slavery and the Politics of Pigmentation 12. Skin Colors and Their Variable Meanings 13. Aspiring to Lightness 14. Desiring Darkness 15. Living in Color Notes References Index
£22.50
University of California Press A Global History of Sexual Science 18801960 26
Book SynopsisTrade Review"Full of compelling critical observations and original historical insights, [A Global History of Sexual Science] makes an important addition to the histories of sex, science, and modernity." * Isis Journal *"This groundbreaking volume of essays offers the first historical account of the impact that the work of sexual scientists, doctors, writers and political activists from around the world had on the field of sexology and on wider sociopolitical changes during the 1880–1960 period." * Isis: A Journal of the History of Science Society *"A thoroughly vivid, nuanced, and much more inclusive picture of the historical making of sexual science and sexualities than previously available. This important volume will not only serve as a welcome resource in a variety of classrooms but also certainly remain standard reading for future scholars of (the history of) sexuality, colonialism, and science, as well as a range of area studies disciplines." * Journal of the History of Sexuality *Table of ContentsList of Illustrations Acknowledgments Introduction: Toward a Global History of Sexual Science: Movements, Networks, and Deployments Veronika Fuechtner, Douglas E. Haynes, and Ryan M. Jones PART ONE: EVOLUTION, SEXUAL SCIENCE, AND THE ANTHROPOLOGY OF THE OTHER 1 • Global Modernity and Sexual Science: The Case of Male Homosexuality and Female Prostitution, 1880–1950 Pablo Ben 2 • “Let Us Leave the Hospital; Let Us Go on a Journey around the World”: British and German Sexual Science and the Global Search for Sexual Variation Kate Fisher and Jana Funke 3 • Westermarck’s Morocco: The Epistemic Politics of Cultural Anthropology and Sexual Science Ralph Leck 4 • Monogamy’s Nature: Global Sexual Science and the Secularization of Christian Marriage Angela Willey 5 • The “Hottentot Apron”: Genital Aberration in the History of Sexual Science Rebecca Hodes PART TWO: SCIENCE BY THE BOOK AND UNRULY APPROPRIATIONS 6 • Sexology in the Southwest: Law, Medicine, and Sexuality in Germany and Its Colonies Robert Deam Tobin 7 • Understanding R. D. Karve: Brahmacharya, Modernity, and the Appropriation of Global Sexual Science in Western India, 1927–1953 Shrikant Botre and Douglas E. Haynes 8 • The “Ellis Effect”: Translating Sexual Science in Republican China, 1911–1949 Rachel Hui-Chi Hsu 9 • Takahashi Tetsu and Popular Sexology in Early Postwar Japan, 1945–1970 Mark McLelland 10 • Mexican Sexology and Male Homosexuality: Genealogies and Global Contexts, 1860–1957 Ryan M. Jones 11 • The Science of Sexual Difference: Ogura Seizaburo, Hiratsuka Raicho, and the Intersection of Sexology and Feminism in Early-Twentieth-Century Japan Michiko Suzuki 12 • Time for Sex: The Education of Desire and the Conduct of Childhood in Global/Hindu Sexology Ishita Pande PART THREE: MOBILITY, TRAVEL, EXILE, AND THE CIRCUITS OF SEXOLOGICAL KNOWLEDGE 13 • Latin Eugenics and Sexual Knowledge in Italy, Spain, and Argentina: International Networks across the Atlantic Chiara Beccalossi 14 • “Forms So Attenuated That They Merge into Normality Itself”: Alexander Lipschütz, Gregorio Marañón, and Theories of Intersexuality in Chile, circa 1930 Kurt MacMillan 15 • “Tyranny of Orgasm”: Global Governance of Sexuality from Bombay, 1930s–1950s Sanjam Ahluwalia 16 • Magnus Hirschfeld’s Onnagata Rainer Herrn 17 • Agnes Smedley between Berlin, Bombay, and Beijing: Sexology, Communism, and National Independence Veronika Fuechtner 18 • The Limits of Transnationalism: The Case of Max Marcuse Kirsten Leng Afterword: In the Shadow of Empire: The Words and Worlds of Sexual Science Howard Chiang List of Contributors Index
£64.00
John Wiley and Sons Ltd The Origins of Human Disease
Book SynopsisThis book is a history of the diseases of humankind and their causes from earliest times to the present day. It is a tour de force drawing upon the authora s extensive work on the history of infection, as well upon evidence drawn from archaeology, history and demography.Table of ContentsPart One: Disease History ; 1. Hunting and Gathering ; 2. Agriculture ; 3. Industry ; Part Two: Disease Origins, Introduction ; 4. Prenatal Diseases ; 5. Diseases Due to Deficiencies and Hazards: Diseases of Poverty ; 6. Diseases Due to Maladaptation and Hazards: Diseases of Affluence ; Part Three: Disease Control, Introduction ; 7. Prenatal Diseases ; 8. Diseases of Poverty ; 9. Diseases of Affluence ; Conclusions.
£37.00
John Wiley and Sons Ltd The Sociology of Medical Science and Technology
Book SynopsisContributors examine the relationship between science and clinical practice; the development, assessment and regulation of health care technologies; and the implications of the ''new genetics''.Table of Contents1. Assessing the Social Impact of Genetic Biotechnologies: Evan Willis (La Trobe University Australia). 2. The Abortion Pill RU486: A Case of Organizational and Technological Change: Sharon Tabberer (Anglia Polytechnic University). 3. 'Strange Bedfellows' in the Laboratory of the NHS? An Institutional and Methodological Analysis of the new Science of Health Technology Assessment in the United Kingdom: Alex Faulkner (University of Bristol). 4. The Rhetoric of Prediction and Chance in the Research to Clone a Disease Gene: Paul Atkinson, Claire Bachelor and Evelyn Parsons (University of Wales, Cardiff). 5. Knowledge of the Body: Lay and Biomedical Understanding of Musculoskeletal Disorders: Helen Busby, Gareth Williams and Anne Rogers (University of Salford). 6. The Science and Politics of Medicines Regulation: John Abraham (University of Sussex). 7. Medical Pedigrees and the Visual Production of Family Disease in Canadian and Japanese Genetic Counseling Practices: Yoshio Nukaga and Alberto Cambrosio (McGill University, Canada). 8. Vital Comparisons: The Social Construction of Measurement in Health: Mel Bartley (University College, London) and David Blane (Charing Cross and Westminster Medical School, London).
£18.99
John Wiley and Sons Ltd Humans Before Humanity
Book SynopsisThis work looks at the hominid species that lived and flourished for around one million years before and, in some cases, after the evolution of modern humans some 200,000 years ago. It also investigates how, when, where and why the modern human species appeared and in due course became dominant.Trade Review"Foley offers clear and often original answers to crucial questions. A number of conventional ideas are usefully broken and the result is really fascinating. Anyone interested in evolution must read this book." Nature "The excellence of the writing allows the author to deal with complex topics which many of his academic colleagues continue to render incomprehensible. It is written with a style and clarity that are exceptional. It would make an excellent basis for a graduate seminar programme." Journal of the Royal Anthropological InstituteTable of ContentsPreface. 1. A Question of Evolution. 2. Why Darwinism?. 3. What are Human Beings?. 4. When did we become Human?. 5. Was Human Evolution Progressive?. 6. Why Africa?. 7. Is Human Evolution Adaptive?. 8. Why are Humans such an Evolutionary Rarity?. 9. How do we Explain the Evolution of Humans?. 10. Does Human Evolution Matter? A Tabular Guide to the Naming and Discovery of Hominid Species and Subspecies. Notes. References. Index.
£40.80
Harvard University Press On Fertile Ground
Book SynopsisRanging from the latest achievements of modern fertility clinics to the lives of subsistence farmers in the rain forests of Africa, this book offers both a remarkably broad and a minutely detailed exploration of human reproduction. Ellison combines the perspectives of anthropology, ecology, and evolutionary biology.Trade ReviewEllison gives a clear, beautifully written account of human reproductive physiology in relation to human evolution and ecology. His very readable narrative--including his stands on some still controversial questions--will enlighten anyone interested in reproduction, population, and people's place on the planet. -- Joel E. Cohen, Professor of Populations at The Rockefeller University and Columbia University, New York and 1999 winner of the Tyler Prize for Environmental AchievementOn Fertile Ground is a fine overview of the role of hormones in human reproduction, and of the way hormones and behavior interact. Authoritative and lively, it is the best place to start. -- Melvin Konner, Emory UniversityA splendid synthesis by one of the pioneers in the study of the evolution of the human reproductive system. Ellison provides a readable, marvelously informative account of the physiology of reproduction as it relates to women's lives. -- Sara Blaffer Hrdy, author of Mother NatureBecause of the many subfields it covers, not to mention the contradictory claims made by its practitioners, human reproduction has been a difficult topic for non-specialists to master. Peter Ellison has now turned a fearsome set of data-rich puzzles into a single elegant story. On Fertile Ground shows readers where the intellectual problems lie, what's wrong with past solutions, and why his views are right. On Fertile Ground is a riveting tale of adaptation and a major contribution to mammalian evolutionary ecology. It shows science at its best. -- Richard Wrangham, author of Demonic MalesOn Fertile Ground provides the finest available integration of detailed information on human reproductive physiology with evolutionary explanations; it can serve as a model for other areas of human biology...A novel synthesis of a fast-growing field, On Fertile Ground will interest specialists and nonspecialists alike and can be used as an undergraduate text as well. It is an excellent read that significantly advances our understanding of human reproduction. -- Hillard S. Kaplan * Science *Peter Ellison grips your attention from his opening contrast between a difficult birth in central Africa that ended in the death of the baby and a successful delivery in the U.S. that mobilised up-to-date medical facilities. He isn't sensationalist. Fascination comes from following the progress from conception to maturity in minute detail...On Fertile Ground is enjoyable and Ellison has an individual voice. -- Roy Herbert * New Scientist *[This book] is truly extraordinary, state-of-the-art book on a topic that concerns all human beings as individuals and a host of others professionally. So many superlatives may seem inappropriate, but they are not. Ellison is a cutting-edge scientist: a leading researcher in the field of human reproductive physiology. He brings to bear an unparalleled perspective--derived from both anthropology and biology--that makes a diverse and conflicting field of research suddenly comprehensible by demanding that human reproduction be viewed as the product of evolution, responsive to ecological conditions, with its own unique evolutionary history. -- Jane B. Lancaster * Harvard Magazine *Given Peter Ellison's major contributions to reproductive ecology, it should come as no surprise that he has written a unique, readable book on what determines and influences reproductive success in humans...One of the hallmarks of this book is that, in his efforts to understand why human reproduction has evolved its own particular pattern, Ellison repeatedly asks questions that would never cross the minds of many of us, and in so doing stimulates new ways of thinking about old topics...This is an excellent and thoughtful discussion of the many interesting theories surrounding human reproductive physiology and its constraints. Written in accessible language, it should appeal to a non-academic audience as well as the specialist. It could also be assigned as a graduate and/or undergraduate supplementary text in courses on human reproductive ecology/behavioral biology or reproductive physiology. I can thoroughly recommend it to any and all of these readers! -- Gillian R. Bentley * Journal of Human Evolution *This is an splendid book that is so clearly written and yet so rigorously detailed that it can be recommended to teenage daughters and sons as well as specialists in reproductive ecology and life history theory. The book covers everything about the female reproductive system in intricate detail from conception and early fetal development through childhood, the onset of sexual maturation, female ovulatory cycling, pregnancy, birth and lactation and finally through menopause and the post reproductive lifespan. It also includes a fascinating chapter on male reproductive physiology that clearly explains how the sexes are similar and how and why males are different...Peter Ellison has been an outstanding leader of the field of reproductive ecology for more than 20 years. This book is the distillation of his ideas over that time period and a sparklingly transparent presentation of what sometimes seems to be a muddy pond of complicated details...It will undoubtedly be on the forefront of a new era in human reproductive studies, helping to lead those who study human reproductive patterns back down a pathway where questions and hypothesis about functional design are central, and firmly grounded in the realization that the whole system evolved by natural selection. -- Kim Hill * Journal of Anthropological Research *Ellison describes the evolution of human reproduction clearly and concisely, beginning with the forces that shaped the process of conception and proceeding to the reproductive process, birth, and the subsequent six months of development...Sure to delight anyone interested in the external forces that helped create humanity. -- Bonnie Johnston * Booklist *In clean, elegant prose, Ellison has crafted a synthesis of current knowledge in a range of disciplines...his exposition offers a superb overview. -- Bethany Torode * Books & Culture *Table of ContentsTwo Births Surviving the First Cut A Time to Be Born The Elixir of Life Why Grow Up? Balancing Act The Arc of Life The Body Builders The Journey and the Procession Notes Acknowledgments List of Illustrations Index
£27.86
Harvard University Press Brain Storm
Book SynopsisFemale and male brains are different, thanks to hormones coursing through the brain before birth. This title argues passionately that the analysis of gender differences deserves far more rigorous, biologically sophisticated science.Trade ReviewI'm the ideal test reader for Brain Storm. I've always had reservations about the sweeping claims that there are fundamental differences in the organization of male and female brains, caused by prenatal hormones. But the sheer number of published studies that seemed to give incontrovertible evidence led me to assume that the theory was sound. This elegantly written and fascinating book has changed my mind. Jordan-Young's comprehensive analysis of the array of conflicting results and methodological weaknesses shows that we have closed the book on this topic far too soon. Her warning is one that all scientists can agree with: Careful! -- Lisa Diamond, author of Sexual FluidityThis important and intellectually powerful book shows that a dominant paradigm in human sex differences is held together by chewing gum. By painstakingly examining a large and contradictory literature, Jordan-Young shows the weakness of the brain organization hypothesis. She has so much respect for the scientific method that she can hope that reason and integrity will help create a better, more empirically sound theory of sex differences, and she reaches out to scientists to offer a glimpse of a new psychobiology. -- Anne Fausto-Sterling, author of Myths of GenderThis is a book of remarkable depth that sets a new standard for clear scientific thinking about complex behavioral traits, as well as for interdisciplinary scholarship. Rebecca Jordan-Young charts a fresh new course through the morass of questions about gender and sexuality with enviable humor, fairness, and intellectual power. -- Evan Balaban, McGill UniversityBrain Storm poses the most comprehensive challenge yet to the claim that prenatal hormone exposure permanently structures the brain to be either masculine or feminine, and does so in a highly engaging, fair-minded narrative that is a delight to read. -- Stephen J. Ceci and Wendy M. Williams, Cornell UniversityJordan-Young has written a stunning book that demolishes most of the science associated with the dominant paradigm of the development of sex and gender identity, behavior, and orientation. The current paradigm, brain organization theory, proposes: "Because of early exposure to different sex hormones, males and females have different brains"; and these hormones also create "gay" and "straight" brains. Jordan-Young interviewed virtually every major researcher in the field and reviewed hundreds of published scientific papers. Her conclusion: "Brain organization theory is little more than an elaboration of longstanding folk tales about antagonistic male and female essences and how they connect to antagonistic male and female natures." She explains, in exquisite detail, the flaws in the underlying science, from experimental designs that make no statistical sense to "conceptually sloppy" definitions of male and female sexuality, contradictory results, and the social construction of normality. Her conclusion that the patterns we see are far more complicated than previously believed and due to a wider range of variables will shake up the research community and alter public perception. * Publishers Weekly (starred review) *A carefully researched volume that exposes the problems with the widely accepted idea that gender differences are created by certain hormones in the womb. -- Alex Spanko * Boston Globe *What Jordan-Young's analysis uncovered is by turns fascinating and appalling...This book is not only a tonic, it's also full of scientific insights presented in plain, intelligent prose--an absorbing read, if you've ever wondered what was going on in the secret parts of your attic. -- Sara Lippincott * Los Angeles Times *It was with appreciation verging on glee that I read Barnard professor Rebecca Jordan-Young's devastatingly smart and definitive critique: Brain Storm: The Flaws in the Science of Sex Differences. Jordan-Young argues that the science of prenatal hormones, gender, and the mind "better resembles a hodgepodge pile than a solid structure." And she knows of what she speaks. An expert on measures and study designs, Jordan-Young has spent the last 13 years combing the literature on brain organization, unpacking assumptions, questioning methods and statistical practices, holding one paper up against another. She stresses that fetal hormones must matter to the brain--somehow. But after picking apart more than 400 studies that try to understand the genesis of particular psychological sex differences (real or supposed), she concludes that fetal T looks like an awfully anemic explanation...After decades of determined research, if robust links between prenatal hormones and "male" or "female" minds really exist, shouldn't we see those links across lots of different kinds of studies? This matters because the obsession with prenatal T can easily become a distraction. It can make us forget how much gender norms have changed--think of all those female accountants, lawyers, and doctors who weren't around 50 or even 30 years ago--and how remarkably similar men's and women's brains and minds actually are. All this unwarranted hammering away at difference (and its putative explanations) causes real trouble, too. As a growing body of research shows, cues that foreground gender and bring stereotypes to mind can dampen men's performance on tests of social sensitivity, women's scores on math tests, and women's stated interest in quantitative pursuits. Jordan-Young has done an enormous amount of work to untangle the gender claims. We ought to read her, cite her, thank her. And then, let's move on. -- Amanda Schaffer * Slate *Jordan-Young ferret[s] out exaggerated, unreplicated claims and other silliness regarding research on sex differences. The book [is] strongest in exposing research conclusions that are closer to fiction than science. -- Diane F. Halpern * Science *Exhaustively analyses every relevant study on hormonal sex differentiation of the human brain, and argues that they are riddled with weaknesses, inconsistencies and ambiguity. It's a clarion call for better science on the subject. -- Madeleine Bunting * The Guardian *In her exhaustive survey of the literature, Jordan-Young discovers a hodge-podge of tiny samples, inadequate controls, conflicting data and extravagant conclusions...By meticulously revealing the flawed research behind brain organization theory, she opens the way to a non-hierarchical study of sex difference that will be both more fruitful for science and less damaging for society. -- Hilary Rose and Steven Rose * London Review of Books *Jordan-Young's detailed and exhaustive critique of brain organization research is quite welcome. -- Vernon Rosario * Gay and Lesbian Review *
£24.26
Harvard University Press Curious Behavior
Book SynopsisRobert Provine boldly goes where other scientists seldom treadin search of hiccups, coughs, yawns, sneezes, and other lowly, undignified human behaviors. Upon investigation, these instinctive acts bear the imprint of our evolutionary origins and can be uniquely valuable tools for understanding how the human brain works and what makes us different from other species. Many activities showcased in Curious Behavior are contagious, but none surpasses yawning in this regardjust reading the word can make one succumb. Though we often take it as a sign of sleepiness or boredom, yawning holds clues to the development of our sociality and ability to empathize with others. Its inescapable transmission reminds us that we are sometimes unaware, neurologically programmed beasts of the herd. Other neglected behaviors yield similar revelations. Tickling, we learn, may be the key to programming personhood into robots. Coughing comes in musical, medical, and social varieties. Farting and belching have Trade ReviewIn this charmingly written and profoundly informative book, Provine gives us what he calls ‘sidewalk’ neuroscience, a ‘scientific approach to everyday behavior based on simple observations and demonstrations that readers, even advanced grade-schoolers, can use to confirm, challenge, or extend the reported findings.’ In this era of ‘neurorealism,’ where much of the public believes you aren’t doing real science if you aren’t using fMRI to scan some brains, Provine’s work in ‘small science’ is refreshing. ‘The Small Science of this book is “small,”’ he explains, not because it is trivial but because it does not require ‘fancy equipment and a big budget.’ Small science teaches the art of observation and methods of interpretation: ‘Everyday life is teeming with the important and unexpected, if you know where to look and how to see.’ This message alone is worth the price of admission… Provine romps through the range of ‘curious behaviors’ of his title, with each chapter offering up enlightening and unexpected findings… [A] marvelous book… ‘Small science’ at its best. -- Carol Tavris * Wall Street Journal *[Provine] is a valiant man and this is an original book: a book about people’s quirks and the uncomfortable noises that we have suppressed, particularly after Victorian times. Why would someone study those seemingly uninteresting and inappropriate acts? I would say the answer lies in the questions this neuroscientist has asked himself: why do we burp or sneeze? What is a cough? What has really gone with the wind? Well, you don’t really know—and you won’t until you read Curious Behavior… This disarmingly enchanting book manages to ‘handle’ even flatulence in the most skillful and scientific manner without ever losing focus on Provine’s aim: an accurate description of the topic via a look at mechanisms, evolutionary advantages, limits and statistics… Prepare to be contaminated by this book and get ready to analyze the way you sneeze, cough and everything else. -- Tristan Bekinschtein * Times Higher Education *With its many facts and anecdotes and unexpected stories, [Curious Behavior] begs you to continue where curiosity leads you, down both the boulevards and the back alleys of science. And that is exactly how [Provine] thinks science should be pursued. -- James Gorman * New York Times *Why do we yawn, tickle, laugh, cough, scratch, sneeze, hiccup, vomit, or cry? Over the years, Provine has investigated these and other behaviors in the lab and on the street, and the result is beautifully written and constantly surprising. -- Steven Poole * The Guardian *How can farting, sneezing and other marginal biological realities illuminate humanness? Neuroscientist Robert Provine turns an evolutionary lens on everything from the gross to the faintly improper. The ‘contagiousness’ of yawning, for instance, hints at the roots of empathy and herd behavior. Burping and farting were involved in the development of speech, says Provine. And tickling may play a part in our early understanding that we are distinct beings (you can’t tickle yourself). An exercise in ‘small science’—some of it speculative, all of it fascinating. * Nature *In Curious Behavior, neuroscientist Robert Provine discusses common yet seemingly strange actions, such as crying, tickling and yawning—subjects often overlooked by science. Beyond explaining how each of these actions work anatomically, Provine explores their functions, similarities and whether they might be linked by some higher, social purpose… Follow his advice, and Curious Behavior will leave you trying to yawn with clenched teeth, sneeze with your eyes open and noticing just how often you laugh at things that really aren’t funny. -- Jessica Hamzelou * New Scientist *In this engrossing account of some curious physiological behaviors, neuroscientist Robert Provine not only describes the biologic basis for some curious human actions such as laughing, itching, hiccuping, vomiting, coughing, sneezing and several more curiosities, he also describes the experiments performed to clarify these sometimes embarrassing operations… Fascinating descriptions and explanations about human behavior oddities are candidly presented with added whimsy for sweetening. Suitable for all ages, it’s the sort of a book on quirky embarrassing behaviors that you observed and performed, but were too afraid to talk about. -- Aron Row * Sacramento Book Review *Provine has written a charming ode to ‘Small Science’—science that does not require a large budget or fancy equipment but that is interesting nonetheless. Taking examples from his own research, some of which involved nothing more complicated than stalking graduate students and observing how and when they laugh, he explains the origins of some of the most prevalent, but often overlooked, human behaviors. -- Anna Kuchment * Scientific American *In Curious Behavior, Robert Provine provides clear, entertaining, and (most importantly) data-driven accounts of familiar yet overlooked human quirks. These include yawning, laughing, crying, tears, coughing, sneezing, hiccupping, vomiting and nausea, tickling, itching and scratching, farting and belching, and finally prenatal behavior. If you think you know when and why you laugh, what makes a face look sad, or why people yawn, you’re probably in for a surprise… Written with humor and wit, Curious Behavior is an accessible and entertaining read with its musings about the theoretical Doomsday yawn, ineffectual astronaut tears, and the social implications of coughing and laughter. But it is also serious science about the importance of defining stimuli, using specific language, and understanding the difference between what people think they do, and what they actually do. The book may provide new windows into autistic behaviors, schizophrenia, and the definition of self… In a world where there is an increasing gulf between the public and scientists, Provine leads by example with straightforward science communication… This book is a must-have for any connoisseur of human behavior, whether studying in a classroom or from a barstool. -- Kenneth C. Catania * The Scientist *Readers will enjoy the stories and find the glimpses into the neuroscience of these curious behaviors engaging. -- K. S. Milar * Choice *Do you think that each of the behaviors covered here is merely a randomly eccentric human quirk? Think again. For each of these odd functions, Provine dexterously combines wit, a fine way with words, and precise scientific context, to show us the evolutionary reason behind it… This is a delectable presentation for all who love the territory between pop and hardcore science writing. Highly recommended. -- Margaret Heilbrun * Library Journal *The book provides a not-yet definitive, but often fascinating, take on our most curious behaviors. * Publishers Weekly *Robert Provine shows how the methods of sidewalk neuroscience (simple and cheap observations of everyday life that everyone can do) can give rise to an alternative science of psychology. This is a delight to read, fascinating and humane and very often funny. -- Paul Bloom, Yale University, author of How Pleasure WorksCurious Behavior offers a lively and often surprising look at all the different ways we sneeze, cough, yawn, and broadcast other bodily functions. Open this book, which is based on serious research but reads like a detective novel, and find out how much more there is to such behavior than you ever thought. -- Frans de Waal, Emory University, author of The Age of EmpathyA lively and entertaining romp through the quirks and oddities of the least controllable of human behaviors. The writing style and topics are so provocative, one is hard pressed not to enact these behaviors while reading. -- Rachel Herz, Professor of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, Brown University, author of That’s DisgustingWhy do we laugh? Why do we yawn? Why do we cry? What is itch? Finally, here is a book that addresses these age-old issues! Provine, the leading researcher of such phenomena, discovers the extraordinary hidden in plain sight. It’s a joy to read. -- James W. Kalat, North Carolina State University, author of Biological Psychology (11th ed.)The indefatigably curious Robert Provine explores the little quirks of behavior that—so far—have fascinated everyone but the scientists, and in doing so illuminates many aspects of our social lives, inner lives, and evolutionary origins. -- Steven Pinker, Harvard College Professor of Psychology, Harvard University, author of How the Mind Works and The Better Angels of Our NatureIn this marvelous book, Provine—a pioneer in the field—puts these phenomena in proper evolutionary contexts, arguing that such seemingly odd quirks can often illuminate our understanding of human nature. -- V. S. Ramachandran, University of California, San Diego, author of The Tell-Tale Brain
£24.26
Harvard University Press Ingenious
Book SynopsisThe trouble with innovation is that it can seldom be undone. We invent technologies to modify our environments in immediately beneficial ways, but the long-term consequences can be costly. From obesity to antibiotic resistance, we pay for our successes. Peter Gluckman and Mark Hanson explore what happens when our creations lead nature to bite back.Trade ReviewThis fascinating book offers a panoramic perspective of how social interactions, and our understanding of them, has emerged. The distinguished authors have the expertise to share ideas across a range of subjects, including evolutionary biology, history, and sociology. Their insights deserve wide readership. -- Martin Rees, author of On the FutureIngenious is a magisterial, wonderfully entertaining, superbly written overview of the history of our species, its attempts to escape nature, and the price of our success. -- Randolph Nesse, author of Good Reasons for Bad FeelingsGluckman and Hanson make the compelling argument that creativity and ingenuity are uniquely human traits, ones that shape our course of evolution with potential inadvertent consequences. This is a new and important dimension to our understanding of evolution and its aftermaths. -- Alan I. Leshner, American Association for the Advancement of ScienceA fascinating tour of humanity and its capacity for innovation. Part explanation, part users’ guide, Ingenious combines knowledge from evolutionary theory, genomics, environmental studies, and science and technology policy to produce compelling insights regarding our past, present, and technology-driven future. -- Eric M. Meslin, Council of Canadian AcademiesTogether, the authors have published many highly technical articles that challenge received wisdom about how evolution works. In Ingenious they apply these views to argue not only that technological change is best understood as an evolutionary process but also that traditional understandings of evolution fail to capture the role and rate of technological change in society. -- G. Pascal Zachary * Stanford Social Innovation Review *Usefully critiques the unchecked faith—common in developed nations—in our abilities to create technologies that will save us from any potential harm. -- Steve Elliott * Quarterly Review of Biology *
£24.26
Princeton University Press Lowly Origin Where When and Why Our Ancestors
Book SynopsisExplains the sources and consequences of bipedalism. Following the evolution of two-legged creatures from our earliest lowly forebears, this book concludes with future options for the last surviving biped.Trade Review"[A] remarkable new book... [I]n Kingdon we find a primate who is unafraid to give the establishment a good hard shake, and whose keen powers of observation and reasoning make him impossible to summarily dismiss... Indeed so packed with novel ideas is Lowly Origin that it presents us with a picture of human evolution quite unlike anything that has come before it."--Tim Flannery, New York Review of Books "Lowly Origin is brimming with information, insight, experience and speculation about how we became human... [A] comprehensive and evocative rendition of who we are and how we fit in to the natural world."--Donald Johanson, Los Angeles Times Book Review "Elegant and thoughtful... Jonathan Kingdon commands a unique position at the interface of science and art ... Whether or not [he] manages to convince you of his larger thesis, you will be provoked along the way by the many connections he makes. And just as important, Lowly Origin is a landmark for its thoroughness in integrating the story of human evolution (which he brings up to the present day) with that of the evolving landscapes and habitats of the African continent."--Ian Tattersall, Natural History "Lowly Origin ... provides much new food for thought for lay readers and specialists alike."--Osbjorn M. Pearson, Journal of Anthropological Research "Naturalist-artist Kingdon is well known for his books on African mammals and his beautiful illustrations of them... [This] book is well written and charmingly illustrated."--Choice "Every so often ... a new concept comes into being. In Lowly Origin, Jonathan Kingdon puts forward just such a new concept... Lowly Origin is full of insights and displays the profound knowledge of African geography and ecology that is the hallmark of all Kingdon's work."--Peter Andrews, Times Literary Supplement "Jonathan Kingdon is a subtle amalgam of artist and scientist. He has a deep and up-to-date knowledge of human prehistory, and of the topology and geography of Africa, the continent where most of human prehistory happened. But he is also our leading zoological artist, and I think it must be his artist's eye that gives his writing style its vividness... Kingdon is a wonderful example of a "Third Culture" writer: a scientist who communicated his original ideas to fellow scholars in books that can be read--and enjoyed--by any educated person."--Richard Dawkins, Times Literary Supplement "Lowly Origin is an evocative book that highlights one of the key factors that makes us human--our bipedality... Kingdon's writing is lucid and his illustrations are beautiful in showcasing just how this important component of human evolution took place... A must read. A must have."--Ann Haley MacKenzie, American Biology Teacher "Jonathan Kingdon is ... singularly well equipped to cast an eye over the thorny problem of human origins... Kingdon has read widely and wisely... [He] does not claim to have found the answer to human origins. The real message of the book is the rich contextual evidence it provides. Wise students of human evolutionary history would be well advised to think carefully about that message."--Bernard Wood, Bioscience "There are people who will authoritatively disagree ... however, any subsequent account will have to parry Kingdon's version with equally explicit consideration of ... equally vivid pictures of ways of life."--Alison Jolly, London Review of Books
£37.80
Princeton University Press Applications of Modern Physics in Medicine
Book SynopsisMany remarkable medical technologies, diagnostic tools, and treatment methods have emerged as a result of modern physics discoveries in the last century--including X-rays, radiation treatment, laser surgery, high-resolution ultrasound scans, computerized tomography (CT) scans, and magnetic resonance imaging. This undergraduate-level textbook descriTrade Review"Applications of Modern Physics in Medicine fills an important need: it explains the physics principals behind commonly used medical diagnostic and therapeutic procedures to scientists, engineers, and technicians working in the field. The necessary basic physics is discussed clearly and simply in early chapters and then used effectively and convincingly in later chapters covering medical applications. This lovely book should lead to the creation of new physics courses all over the world."—Gerald Miller, University of Washington"With a refreshing and accessible style, this textbook grounds medical physics in familiar physical principles, making it useful for undergraduate physics teaching. This book will have a place in a wide range of biomedical science courses and medical physics undergraduate modules, and as supplementary reading for medical doctors, radiographers, and other health professionals." —Mike Partridge, Gray Institute for Radiation Oncology and Biology, University of Oxford"Bridging the gap between the fundamental concepts of modern physics and medical technology in modern medicine, this book encompasses large numbers of topics from X-rays and gamma rays to lasers, MRI, ultrasound, and therapeutic applications of modern physics technologies. It will serve as a good introductory text to students in biomedical engineering, medical physics, health physics, and biophysics."—Terry T. Yoshizumi, Duke University School of MedicineTable of ContentsPreface and Guide to Using This Book xi Technical Abbreviations xv Timeline of Seminal Discoveries in Modern Physics xvii Timeline of Discoveries and Inventions in Modern Medical Physics xix Chapter 1 Introduction 1.1 Overview 1 1.2 The Meaning of the Term Modern Physics 5 1.3 Mortality 6 1.4 How to Use This Book 7 Exercises 8 Chapter 2 When You Visit Your Doctor: The Physics of the "Vital Signs" 2.1 Introduction 10 2.2 Stethoscope 11 2.3 Sphygmomanometer and Blood Pressure 12 2.4 Electrocardiogram 15 2.5 Physics and Physiology of Diet, Exercise, and Weight 17 Exercises 21 Chapter 3 Particles, Waves, and the Laws that Govern Them 3.1 What Is Modern Physics? 22 3.2 Light: Particle or Wave? 25 3.3 Atoms 30 3.4 Lasers 41 3.5 Relativity 45 3.6 Nuclei 53 3.7 X-Rays and Radioactivity 63 Exercises 80 Chapter 4 Photon and Charged-Particle Interactions with a Medium 4.1 Overview 84 4.2 Mean Free Path and Cross Sections 85 4.3 Photon Interactions 87 4.4 Electron and Positron Interactions 98 Exercises 104 Chapter 5 Interactions of Radiation with Living Tissue 5.1 Introduction 107 5.2 Cell Death Due to DNA Radiation Damage 108 5.3 Dependence of Cell Survival on the Dose 112 5.4 Low Doses of Radiation 116 5.5 Radiation Dose versus Altitude 119 Exercises 121 Chapter 6 Diagnostic Applications I: Photons and Radionuclides 6.1 Overview 122 6.2 Photons 122 6.3 X-Rays and Gamma Rays 133 6.4 Radionuclides 156 6.5 Novel Ideas for Nuclear Imaging 166 Exercises 168 Chapter 7 Diagnostic Applications II: MRI and Ultrasound 7.1 Overview 171 7.2 Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) 172 7.3 Ultrasound 199 7.4 Multimodal Imaging 220 Exercises 224 Chapter 8 Applications in Treatment 8.1 Overview 226 8.2 Treatment with Radiation 226 8.3 Treatment with Particles 233 8.4 Treatment with Ultrasound 239 8.5 Treatment with Microwaves 244 8.6 Treatment with Lasers 244 Exercises 246 Appendix A Constants, Powers of 10, and Conversions Mentioned in the Text Fundamental Constants 247 Powers of 10 and Their Prefixes 247 Conversion Factors and Equations 248 Appendix B Mortality Modeling 251 Appendix C Evaluation of the Sound Field from One Transducer Far-field (Fraunhofer) Region 255 Near-field (Fresnel) Region 257 Notes 261 Index 267
£63.75
Princeton University Press How Men Age What Evolution Reveals about Male
Book SynopsisWhile the health of aging men has been a focus of biomedical research for years, evolutionary biology has not been part of the conversation--until now. How Men Age is the first book to explore how natural selection has shaped male aging, how evolutionary theory can inform our understanding of male health and well-being, and how older men may have cTrade Review"[T]he best short summation I've seen of a massive body of research."--Michael Shermer, Wall Street Journal "Bribiescas draws on the latest findings in anthropology, endocrinology, and genetics to help us understand the male-aging process... How Men Age is wry, sly, informative, and provocative."--Glenn Altschuler, Psychology Today "Bribiescas makes a wonderful case for considering evolutionary ideas in human health, and provides a great introduction for anyone wishing to join the conversation."--Emily Gregg, Lateral magazine "An enjoyable and humane look at what could have been a bleak subject, spiced with just the right amounts of humour, anecdote, and quirky personal perspective."--David Bainbridge, Literary Review "[T]he lens through which Bribiescas views [male aging], evolutionary biology, offers a nuanced explanation of why, during almost every phase of human life, men die at a higher rate than women."--Brian Bethune, Maclean's "[Richard Bribiescas] applies anthropological and evolutionary biological lenses to a sweeping, succinct review of the phenomenon [of male aging], and does so with good humor."--Harvard Magazine "Do not buy or borrow some book on aging written by a web site, a fake MD, or some other charlatan. Read a book on aging (in men) that first appeared many times in the peer reviewed literature, written by Harvard Trained Yale Expert Richard Bribiescas... You will enjoy this book, especially if you are a man of a certain age."--Greg Laden "Biological anthropologist Richard Bribiescas covers some interesting uncharted territory... Testosterone peaks in early adulthood, so that men are past their physical prime by the age of 30. It's tempting to see it as all downhill from there. But with wit and insight, Bribiescas shows convincingly that's not the case."--Kate Douglas, New Scientist "[How Men Age] certainly enriches our understanding of male health and well-being."--Wan Lixin, Shanghai DailyTable of ContentsAcknowledgments ix Chapter 1 A Gray Evolutionary Lens 1 Chapter 2 Dead Man's Curve 17 Chapter 3 Getting a Handle on Love Handles 45 Chapter 4 Older Fathers, Longer Lives 70 Chapter 5 Dear Old Dad 88 Chapter 6 Darwinian Health and Other Contradictions 106 Chapter 7 Older Men and the Future of Human Evolution 133 Notes 145 Index 169
£18.00
Princeton University Press The Cheating Cell
Book SynopsisTrade Review"Aktipis takes an evolutionary approach to cancer, tracing the ways cells ‘cheat’ natural selection and showing how the human body evolved to outsmart many of those threats. She invites readers to put themselves in the role of a cancer cell and learn about the ways in which the disease and the history of human existence are intertangled."---Erin Blakemore, Washington Post"Darwinian approach to evolution of cancer and cancer-resistance. Brilliant book, up there with Nesse & Williams."---Richard Dawkins on Twitter"The Cheating Cell reads like a deep and personal hypothesis coming from a researcher who has spent over a decade studying the evolutionary foundations of cancer."---David C. S. Filice, Evolution"The Cheating Cell makes for fascinating reading and forces a radical reconsideration of what cancer is and how we should deal with it."---Leon Vlieger, The Inquisitive Biologist
£18.00
Princeton University Press Nano Comes to Life
Book SynopsisIncreasingly, scientists are gaining control over matter at the nanometer scale. Spearheaded by physical scientists operating at the interfaces of physics and biology, advances in nanoscience and technology are transforming how people think about life and treat human health.Trade Review"Nano Comes to Life draws on author Sonia Contera’s adventures in molecular-scale engineering to herald the coming of age of nanotechnology, and its promise to re-engineer tissue and transform lives." * New Scientist *"[The photographic section] is truly striking with its visual illustration of laying down single atomic designs and smart insulin-releasing patches containing microneedles."---Simon Cocking, Irish Tech News"[A] succinct study . . . Contera frames this near-future transmaterial science, with its focus on human well-being, as an effort allied to social justice even as it probes existential questions of what it means to be human."---Barbara Kiser, Nature"This is a readable although necessarily technical introduction to the way that physics is coming to biology."---David Lorimer, Paradigm Explorer
£18.00
Princeton University Press How Men Age
Book SynopsisTrade Review"Winner of the W.W. Howells Book Award, Biological Anthropology Section of the American Anthropological Association""2017 Regional Finalist in Science, ForeWord Reviews INDIEFAB Book of the Year Awards""The best short summation I've seen of a massive body of research."---Michael Shermer, Wall Street Journal"How Men Age is wry, sly, informative, and provocative."---Glenn Altschuler, Psychology Today"Bribiescas makes a wonderful case for considering evolutionary ideas in human health, and provides a great introduction for anyone wishing to join the conversation."---Emily Gregg, Lateral magazine"Charming. . . . [A]n enjoyable and humane look at what could have been a bleak subject, spiced with just the right amounts of humour, anecdote and quirky personal perspective."---David Bainbridge, Literary Review"[T]he lens through which Bribiescas views [male aging], evolutionary biology, offers a nuanced explanation of why, during almost every phase of human life, men die at a higher rate than women."---Brian Bethune, Maclean's"[Richard Bribiescas] applies anthropological and evolutionary biological lenses to a sweeping, succinct review of the phenomenon [of how men age], and does so with good humor." * Harvard Magazine *"Richard Bribiescas covers some interesting uncharted territory. This is not a mere description of ageing. Instead, by considering male ageing in the light of natural selection, it aims to answer big questions. . . . Testosterone peaks in early adulthood, so that men are past their physical prime by the age of 30. It's tempting to see it as all downhill from there. But with wit and insight, Bribiescas shows convincingly that's not the case."---Kate Douglas, New Scientist"[How Men Age] certainly enriches our understanding of male health and well-being."---Wan Lixin, Shanghai Daily
£14.24
Princeton University Press A Most Interesting Problem
Book SynopsisTrade Review"DeSilva's volume provides a welcome opportunity to reflect on the history of evolutionary theory as a legacy complicated by Darwin's prescience as well as prejudice."---Erika Lorraine Milam, Science"Together with ten colleagues, DeSilva courageously takes up this perennially red-hot founding text of his discipline."---Jessica Riskin, New York Review of Books"A fascinating, comprehensive, and accessible collection of essays. . . . A Most Interesting Problem gives credit to Darwin where credit is due, but is unabashed in its systematic rejection of outdated science."---Lydia Pyne, JSTOR Daily"In this ‘tribute to how science operates,’ 10 contributors revisit Descent on the 150th anniversary of its publication in a ‘quest for understanding the origin, biological variation, behavior, and evolution of humans.’ . . . Each of the contributors adds something valuable to the conversation." * Kirkus Reviews *"This important new collection of commentaries on what is perhaps the most challenging of Darwin's books in our own time, takes up the evidence for human evolution, our place in the family tree, the origins of civilization, of human races, and of sex differences in ways that are both meaningful as well as accessible to those both inside and outside of the scholarly world who are interested in reading and wrestling with this important and core work of Charles Darwin for themselves."---Johannes E. Riutta, The Well-Read Naturalist"[A] unique presentation of the many scientific ideas and hypotheses of Darwin’s “Descent of Man”. [A Most Interesting Problem] is a very interesting book about how sometimes scientific beliefs that have existed for decades can easily be debunked using modern technology."---Molly Gabler-Smith, Integrative and Comparative Biology"This is an especially important and timely project because Darwin’s volume is chock-full of creative, thought-provoking arguments and speculations about human evolution that span an extremely wide range of subjects, and after 150 years, many of these are overdue for a fresh reconsideration."---Jason Winning, Quarterly Review of Biology"This summary of Darwin's contributions to understanding human evolution should interest not only biologists and anthropologists but all concerned about the fate of the human species."---J. S. Schwartz, CHOICE"A Most Interesting Problem is a fantastic run-down of today’s understanding of human evolution and a great showcase of the scientific process."---Tibi Puiu, ZME Science"Fascinating reading about the development of science, and the cultural blindspots than can misdirect even the most brilliant scientists."---Ian Angus, Climate & Capitalism
£19.80
Princeton University Press The Cheating Cell
Book SynopsisTrade Review"Aktipis takes an evolutionary approach to cancer, tracing the ways cells ‘cheat’ natural selection and showing how the human body evolved to outsmart many of those threats. She invites readers to put themselves in the role of a cancer cell and learn about the ways in which the disease and the history of human existence are intertangled."---Erin Blakemore, Washington Post"Darwinian approach to evolution of cancer and cancer-resistance. Brilliant book, up there with Nesse & Williams."---Richard Dawkins on Twitter"The Cheating Cell reads like a deep and personal hypothesis coming from a researcher who has spent over a decade studying the evolutionary foundations of cancer."---David C. S. Filice, Evolution"The Cheating Cell makes for fascinating reading and forces a radical reconsideration of what cancer is and how we should deal with it."---Leon Vlieger, The Inquisitive Biologist
£14.24
University of Pennsylvania Press Culture and PTSD
Book SynopsisSince the 1970s, understanding of the effects of trauma, including flashbacks and withdrawal, has become widespread in the United States. As a result Americans can now claim that the phrase posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is familiar even if the American Psychiatric Association''s criteria for diagnosis are not. As embedded as these ideas now are in the American mindset, however, they are more widely applicable, this volume attempts to show, than is generally recognized. The essays in Culture and PTSD trace how trauma and its effects vary across historical and cultural contexts.Culture and PTSD examines the applicability of PTSD to other cultural contexts and details local responses to trauma and the extent they vary from PTSD as defined in the American Psychiatric Association''s Diagnostic and Statistical Manual. Investigating responses in Peru, Indonesia, Haiti, and Native American communities as well as among combat veterans, domestic abuse victimsTrade Review"This book should be compulsory reading for all civilian and military mission advisors and mentors." * Journal of Global South Studies *"Stress and trauma have become part of globalized languages of suffering and healing and the construct of PTSD is at the center of this discourse. The editors have brought together a stellar group of contributors who present historical and ethnographic studies that unpack some of the complexity of trauma response and PTSD to show the interplay of social contexts, cultural practices, and psychological processes. Culture and PTSD marks important advances in cultural psychiatry and will be richly rewarding for both researchers and mental health practitioners." * Laurence J. Kirmayer, McGill University *"Culture and PTSD is a wonderful, rich, exciting book that raises and sometimes answers critical questions at the juncture of anthropology and the interdisciplinary study of PTSD. It is a valuable volume that makes a significant contribution to the field." * Erin Finley, The University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio *Table of ContentsPART I. INTRODUCTION AND THEORETICAL BACKGROUND Introduction. Culture, Trauma, and PTSD —Byron J. Good and Devon E. Hinton Chapter 1. The Culturally Sensitive Assessment of Trauma: Eleven Analytic Perspectives, a Typology of Errors, and the Multiplex Models of Distress Generation —Devon E. Hinton and Byron J. Good PART II. HISTORICAL PERSPECTIVES Chapter 2. Is PTSD a Transhistoric Phenomenon? —Richard J. McNally Chapter 3. What Is "PTSD"? The Heterogeneity Thesis —Allan Young and Naomi Breslau Chapter 4. From Shell Shock to PTSD and Traumatic Brain Injury: A Historical Perspective on Responses to Combat Trauma —James K. Boehnlein and Devon E. Hinton PART III. CROSS-CULTURAL PERSPECTIVES Chapter 5. Trauma in the Lifeworlds of Adolescents: Hard Luck and Trouble in the Land of Enchantment —Janis H. Jenkins and Bridget M. Haas Chapter 6. Gendered Trauma and Its Effects: Domestic Violence and PTSD in Oaxaca —Whitney Duncan Chapter 7. Exploring Pathways of Distress and Mental Disorders: The Case of the Highland Quechua Populations in the Peruvian Andes —Duncan Pedersen and Hanna Kienzler Chapter 8. Latinas' and Latinos' Risk for PTSD After Trauma Exposure: A Review of Sociocultural Explanations —Carmela Alcántara and Roberto Lewis-Fernández Chapter 9. Karma to Chromosomes: Studying the Biology of PTSD in a World of Culture —Brandon A. Kohrt, Carol M. Worthman, and Nawaraj Upadhaya Chapter 10. Square Pegs and Round Holes: Understanding Historical Trauma in Two Native American Communities —Tom Ball and Theresa D. O'Nell Chapter 11. Culture, Trauma, and the Social Life of PTSD in Haiti —Erica James Chapter 12. Is PTSD a "Good Enough" Concept for Postconflict Mental Health Care? Reflections on Work in Aceh, Indonesia —Byron J. Good, Mary-Jo DelVecchio Good, and Jesse H. Grayman List of Contributors Index
£31.50
University of Pennsylvania Press Culture and PTSD
Book SynopsisSince the 1970s, understanding of the effects of trauma, including flashbacks and withdrawal, has become widespread in the United States. As a result Americans can now claim that the phrase posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is familiar even if the American Psychiatric Association''s criteria for diagnosis are not. As embedded as these ideas now are in the American mindset, however, they are more widely applicable, this volume attempts to show, than is generally recognized. The essays in Culture and PTSD trace how trauma and its effects vary across historical and cultural contexts.Culture and PTSD examines the applicability of PTSD to other cultural contexts and details local responses to trauma and the extent they vary from PTSD as defined in the American Psychiatric Association''s Diagnostic and Statistical Manual. Investigating responses in Peru, Indonesia, Haiti, and Native American communities as well as among combat veterans, domestic abuse victimsTrade Review"This book should be compulsory reading for all civilian and military mission advisors and mentors." * Journal of Global South Studies *"Stress and trauma have become part of globalized languages of suffering and healing and the construct of PTSD is at the center of this discourse. The editors have brought together a stellar group of contributors who present historical and ethnographic studies that unpack some of the complexity of trauma response and PTSD to show the interplay of social contexts, cultural practices, and psychological processes. Culture and PTSD marks important advances in cultural psychiatry and will be richly rewarding for both researchers and mental health practitioners." * Laurence J. Kirmayer, McGill University *"Culture and PTSD is a wonderful, rich, exciting book that raises and sometimes answers critical questions at the juncture of anthropology and the interdisciplinary study of PTSD. It is a valuable volume that makes a significant contribution to the field." * Erin Finley, The University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio *Table of ContentsPART I. INTRODUCTION AND THEORETICAL BACKGROUND Introduction. Culture, Trauma, and PTSD —Byron J. Good and Devon E. Hinton Chapter 1. The Culturally Sensitive Assessment of Trauma: Eleven Analytic Perspectives, a Typology of Errors, and the Multiplex Models of Distress Generation —Devon E. Hinton and Byron J. Good PART II. HISTORICAL PERSPECTIVES Chapter 2. Is PTSD a Transhistoric Phenomenon? —Richard J. McNally Chapter 3. What Is "PTSD"? The Heterogeneity Thesis —Allan Young and Naomi Breslau Chapter 4. From Shell Shock to PTSD and Traumatic Brain Injury: A Historical Perspective on Responses to Combat Trauma —James K. Boehnlein and Devon E. Hinton PART III. CROSS-CULTURAL PERSPECTIVES Chapter 5. Trauma in the Lifeworlds of Adolescents: Hard Luck and Trouble in the Land of Enchantment —Janis H. Jenkins and Bridget M. Haas Chapter 6. Gendered Trauma and Its Effects: Domestic Violence and PTSD in Oaxaca —Whitney Duncan Chapter 7. Exploring Pathways of Distress and Mental Disorders: The Case of the Highland Quechua Populations in the Peruvian Andes —Duncan Pedersen and Hanna Kienzler Chapter 8. Latinas' and Latinos' Risk for PTSD After Trauma Exposure: A Review of Sociocultural Explanations —Carmela Alcántara and Roberto Lewis-Fernández Chapter 9. Karma to Chromosomes: Studying the Biology of PTSD in a World of Culture —Brandon A. Kohrt, Carol M. Worthman, and Nawaraj Upadhaya Chapter 10. Square Pegs and Round Holes: Understanding Historical Trauma in Two Native American Communities —Tom Ball and Theresa D. O'Nell Chapter 11. Culture, Trauma, and the Social Life of PTSD in Haiti —Erica James Chapter 12. Is PTSD a "Good Enough" Concept for Postconflict Mental Health Care? Reflections on Work in Aceh, Indonesia —Byron J. Good, Mary-Jo DelVecchio Good, and Jesse H. Grayman List of Contributors Index
£84.15
Rutgers University Press The White Plague Tuberculosis Man and Society
Book SynopsisDuBos et. al. examine the social aspects of the TB epidemic, along with some of the biological factors. They show how TB was romaticized, how it was portrayed as a demon coming to rob the healthy of life, and how it sparked scientific invention - in particular the stethescope. The introduction is wonderful as it lays out the basic parts of the book.Table of ContentsForeword by David Mechanic Introductory Essay: Dubos and Tuberculosis, Master Teachers by Barbara Gutmann Rosenkrantz To Our Sources Introduction to the First Edition Part One: The White Plague in the Nineteenth Century I The Captain of All the Men of Death II Death Warrant for Keats III Flight from the North Winds IV Contagion and Heredity V Consumption and the Romantic Age Part Two: The Causes of Tuberculosis VI Phthisis, Consumption and Tubercles VII Percussion, Auscultation and the Unitarian Theory VIII The Germ Theory of Tuberculosis IX Infection and Disease Part Three: Cure and Prevention of Tuberculosis X The Evaluation of Therapeutic Procedures XI Treatment and Natural Resistance XII Drugs, Vaccines and Public Health Measures XIII Healthy Living and Sanatoria Part Four: Tuberculosis and Society XIV The Evolution of Epidemics XV Tuberculosis and Industrial Civilization XVI Tuberculosis and Social Technology Appendices Bibliography and Notes Index
£28.80
Peabody Museum of Archaeology & Ethnology,U.S. The Faunas of Hayonim Cave Israel
Book Synopsis
£53.51
Temple University Press,U.S. Expected Miracles Surgeons at Work
Book SynopsisExplores the world of surgeons from their own perspective how they perceive themselves, their work, colleagues, and communities. This book uses the central metaphor of the surgical 'miracle' by illuminating the drama of the operating room, where surgeons and patients alike expect heroic performance.Trade Review"Joan Cassell's book is fair-minded and unsparing. A meticulous dissection of The Surgeon by an observer whose gaze is as sharp and precise as a scalpel. For me there was a shock of recognition on every page." --Richard Selzer, M.D., Yale Medical School (retired), and author of Mortal Lessons: Notes on the Art of Surgery and Letters to a Young Doctor "The most explicit account I have read about what surgeons do; what their experiences are like; what they are like; what they think about their successes and failures; and what an astonishing variety of experiences of being a surgeon there are. Written with great clarity and considerable grace... I hope this book will become assigned reading for surgeons, surgical residents, medical students with interest in surgery, surgical nurses and technicians, and anyone who has to undergo a surgical procedure. A fine achievement." --Arthur Kleinman, M.D., Ph.D., Department of Social Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Department of Anthropology, Harvard University "Joan Cassell gives us valuable insight into the mores, the high professional standards--as well as the lapse in and abuse of these standards--and the 'esprit de corps' of the 'fellowship of surgeons.' And she demonstrates that... this sub-profession does indeed form a Fellowship whose culture it is important for every prospective patient to understand." --James W. Fernandez, Professor of Anthropology, University of ChicagoTable of ContentsCast of Characters Preface: Some Words for Social Scientists Acknowledgments Introduction: The Surgical "Miracle" 1. The Art, Craft, and Science of Miracles The Good Surgeon: Colleagues' Evaluations Looking Upward from the Table: A Patient's-Eye View Caring and Healing Can a Bad Person Be a Good Surgeon? 2. The Temperament of Surgeons "Be Ballsy: Do It!" Surgery as Ritual Drama The Price: The "Paranoia" of Surgeons The Price for Patients 3. The Fellowship of Surgeons The Fellowship Informal Learning during Training The Morality Play 4. Costing Out Miracles: The Business of Surgery Three Surgeons in Private Practice An Exemplary Surgeon in a Prepaid Health Plan "Full-Time" Men 5. A Day with a Compassionate Young Surgeon The Day The Burden 6. Let's Go for It! 7. Deadly Surgical Sins Vices of Excess Generative Sins Defects, or Character Flaws Deficiencies Judging Sins 8. It's No Fun Anymore Fun and War Games No Fun "The Disenchantment of the World" The Bureaucratization of Charisma The Erosion of Charisma Horror Stories: The Patient as Enemy 9. Expected Miracles What of Patients? Expecting Miracles Coda: The Research Process Beginnings Access Refused Entree Sample and Methods Notes Glossary Bibliography Index
£25.19
