History of science Books

Book SynopsisMedicine and public health clearly advanced during the war-and continued to do so after military hostilities ceased.Trade ReviewAn immensely readable synthesis of what [Humphreys] terms 'the greatest health disaster that this country has ever experienced.' The News & Observer Humphreys' work accomplishes several tasks. It puts mid-nineteenth century health care through a prism of military concerns, civilian responses to war, medical science, and women's environment. It offers clear and concise depictions of individuals and their vendettas, such as military officers embracing or not tolerating civilian efforts. Marrow of Tragedy presents a compelling story of Americans, civilian and military, struggling together to do acts of mercy and create better environments during an era of brother against brother bloodshed. Civil War Book Review In many ways, Marrow of Tragedy is likely to remain the definitive general medical history of the war for years to come... The book has high production values and makes one of the most important contributions to our understanding of that so-called third army of the Civil War-disease-and the efforts of those on both sides of the Mason-Dixon to fight it. It needs to be read by specialists and nonspecialists alike and should find a place on the shelf of every academic library worthy of the name. Journal of the History of Medicine and Allied Sciences Margaret Humphreys has made a significant contribution to the literature of Civil War medicine and of medicine in general by sharply focusing on rear-echelon military healthcare. She adroitly uses primary and secondary sources to explain the implications of such innovations as hospitals, nongovernmental organizations, reforms in sanitation, and the employment of women as nurses and other healthcare workers. For anyone interested in war and medicine, Marrow of Tragedy shines a bright light on previously unexplored aspects of the Civil War and their impact on American society. Michigan War Studies Review Through each chapter, Humphreys challenges our understanding of mid-nineteenth-century American medicine... Humphreys has done an outstanding job presenting a comprehensive picture of the stat of health care before, during, and in the years following the Civil War... Marrow of Tragedy is a valuable contribution to the literature of the history of medicine during the Civil War and should be read by anyone seeking a deeper understanding of the time period. Margaret Humphreys is to be commended for work well done. -- Michael C. Hardy Blue and Gray MagazineTable of ContentsList of IllustrationsAcknowledgmentsIntroduction1. Understanding Civil War Medicine2. Women, War, and Medicine3. Infectious Disease in the Civil War4. Connecting Home to Hospital and Camp5. The Sanitary Commission and Its Critics6. The Union's General Hospital7. Medicine for a New Nation8. Confederate Medicine9. Mitigating the Horrors of War10. A Public Health Legacy11. Medicine in Postwar AmericaAfterwordNotesIndex

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Book SynopsisAs a result, Experimental Life is a wide-ranging summation and extension of the current state of literary studies, the history of science, cultural critique, and theory.Trade ReviewTheoretically informed and inventive, Experimental Life is one of those good books that links the concerns of Romantic scholars to broader discussions in the arts and sciences. -- Adela Pinch Studies in English Literature In addition to its compelling history of experimentation in art and science, Experimental Life also marks many before unapprehended relations among different sectors of Romantic studies, and will no doubt generate a good deal of further experiments with Romantic literature and science-which, as Mitchell proposes, is what marks any experiment's real success. Studies in Romanticism Mitchell's book displays wide erudition and an ambitious interdisciplinary agenda. Modern Language QuarterlyTable of ContentsAknowledgmentsIntroduction: Three Eras of Experimental Vitalism1. Romanticism, Art, and Experiments2. Suspended Animation and the Poetics of Trance3. Life, Orientation, and Abandoned Experiments4. Nausea, Digestion, and the Collapsurgence of System5. The Media of Life6. CryptogamiaConclusion: Biopolitics and Experimental VitalismNotesBibliographyIndex

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Book SynopsisThe questions it raises touch on ongoing controversies about newborn screening and what happens to blood samples collected at birth.Trade ReviewPaul and Brosco are to be congratulated on producing an extremely worthwhile, interesting and very readable book. I highly recommend it to geneticists, bioethicists, to those directly or indirectly involved in newborn screening, and to all others who wish to understand the basis for the current enthusiasm about the role of genetics and genetic screening in health and the prevention of disease. -- Harvey L. Levy Journal of Medical Genetics The PKU Paradox will be essential reading for anyone interested in the sociocultural, ethical and historical aspects of PKU and newborn screening more generally. -- Mara Buchbinder Social History of Medicine This book is a fascinating biography of this syndrome... enriched by illustrations from public health campaigns, advertising material for PKU-friendly supplements, and interviews with people who have lived with PKU and who have given first-hand accounts of their lived experience... The PKU Paradox is a useful and provoking addition to the Biographies of Disease series. -- Philippa Martyr Health and History The ability to illustrate a wide range of historical themes through a single, compelling case will make The PKU Paradox particularly useful for undergraduate teaching, as will the short, concisely written chapters. It is not an easy task to clearly portray the history of a subject as complex and elusive as disease, and Paul and Brosco have done an admirable job in this regard. The PKU Paradox will be essential reading for anyone interested in the sociocultural, ethical and historical aspects of PKU and newborn screening more generally. -- Mara Buchbinder Social History of Medicine Paul and Brosco are to be commended for reminding us all how central the PKU story has been to the development of genetics and medicine, the connection of genotype to phenotype to society, and to the way this society views people with intellectual disabilities. This is a book that should be read by all geneticists and physicians and people with an interest and concern about individuals for with intellectual impairments. -- John B. Jenkins Quarterly Review of Biology The PKU Paradox is a clearly and engagingly written book that provides an excellent introduction to the history of a disease and its broader implications in twentieth-century biomedicine. -- Soraya De Chadarevian Isis This is a deeply researched and most readable history of PKU from its discovery in 1930... up to the success story of the present day. -- Neil R. M. Buist Journal of Inherited Metabolic Disease Significant book for readers interested in understanding the many factors and intricacies involved in the history of diseases, in particular genetic diseases... Provides a compelling argument against the simplistic and persistent view that genetic diseases are fixed in the lab. Instead, it proposes a complex contextual history, not only a more persuasive one, but also one that provides a model for comprehensive study of other diseases, genetic or not. British Journal for the History of Science Paul and Brosco enable the reader to shift their gaze from PKU the paradigm to PKU the disease, in all its historical and biological complexity. For this reason, this book will be of interest to historians and practitioners of medicine alike. Moreover, it also serves as an excellent example of the constructive possibilities inherent in a collaboration between historians and physicians, and indeed, of the value of such an approach. University of Toronto Medical JournalTable of ContentsForeword, by Charles E. RosenbergPrefaceList of AbbreviationsIntroduction: Pearl Buck, PKU, and Mental Retardation1. The Discovery of PKU as a Metabolic Disorder2. PKU as a Form of Cognitive Impairment3. Testing and Treating Newborns, 1950–19624. The Campaign for Mandatory Testing5. Sources of Skepticism6. New Paradigms for PKU7. Living with PKU8. The Perplexing Problem of Maternal PKU9. Who Should Procreate? Perspectives on Reproductive Choice and Responsibility in Postwar America10. Newborn Screening ExpandsEpilogue: "The Government Has Your Baby's DNA": Contesting the Storage and Secondary Use of Residual Dried Blood SpotsAcknowledgmentsA Note on SourcesNotesIndex

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Book SynopsisThus does Dent, a little-known Supreme Court case, influence how Americans receive health care more than a hundred years after the fact.Trade ReviewThe tale told by Professor Mohr is not a dry sequence of facts, but is instead an evocative page-turner. Mohr's description of the characters in this tale is massively evocative and filled with palace intrigue and scheming worthy of Henry II... To learn the fascinating details I refer you wholeheartedly to this marvelous depiction. -- Howard Wainer Journal of Medical Regulation Mohr presents a thoroughly researched and eminently readable account of the times, people and circumstances that led to the passage of the West Virginia licensing law and its subsequent legal challenges... Reading this fascinating and personal history of a watershed moment in physician regulation encourages one to dig deeper into the history of medical regulation. -- John Harris Social History of Medicine In sprightly prose Mohr explains how the practice of medicine came to be licensed. His archival sleuthing has unearthed a complex drama involving personalities, ideas, and interests. -- Jeffrey Kahana Journal of American History Mohr clearly explains the rationale for opposing licensing and makes it easy to understand why for over a decade legal authorities remained confused and unconvinced by the decision. This book will be a useful case study for historians attempting to make the case for the contingent nature of change to non-historian policy makers. -- Joel D. Howell Bulletin of the History of Medicine Licensed to Practice covers a lot of ground... [James C. Mohr] provides a definitive account of Dent, makes an important contribution to the history of medicine in the United States, and offers an interesting study of regulation in the Progressive era. The Federal Lawyer Licensed to Practice is a valuable contribution to the history of US medicine and public health. Mohr frames the unique features of the West Virginia law and its subsequent legal history. He presents new information on the individuals involved. West Virgina History Mohr's book does a superb job presenting not just the history and the legal debates leading to Dent, but also offers well-thought-out criticisms of the consequences of the Supreme Court's Dent decision for issues such as the medical malpractice system and the policing of physician competence post-licensure. He manages to present all of this, including the rather arcane and complex legal issues in an accessible and easily-understood manner even for those who are not steeped in constitutional law or historical research. Kennedy Institute of Ethics Journal Mohr's effective blending of engaging narrative with cogent historical analysis makes this book a useful resource for historians of medicine, legal historians, as well as those interested in social history. But the book is also appealing to medical, legal, and regulatory professionals seeking a historical perspective on medical licensing, its impact on practice, and the implementation of public health in the United States. Journal of the History of Medicine and Allied SciencesTable of ContentsIntroductionProloguePart One: Background1. Medical Regulation in the United States through the Civil WarPart Two: The Medical Society of West Virginia2. Dr. Reeves and the Founding3. Building the "True Church"4. Challenges from WithinPart Three: The Board of Health5. Securing Legislation6. Exercising Power7. The Dents Confront the BoardPart Four: The Courts8. The West Virginia State Supreme Court9. Conflict and Enforcement10. The United States Supreme Court11. American Medical Practice after DentEpilogueAcknowledgmentsNotesIndex

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Book SynopsisThus does Dent, a little-known Supreme Court case, influence how Americans receive health care more than a hundred years after the fact.Trade ReviewThe tale told by Professor Mohr is not a dry sequence of facts, but is instead an evocative page-turner. Mohr's description of the characters in this tale is massively evocative and filled with palace intrigue and scheming worthy of Henry II... To learn the fascinating details I refer you wholeheartedly to this marvelous depiction. -- Howard Wainer Journal of Medical Regulation Mohr presents a thoroughly researched and eminently readable account of the times, people and circumstances that led to the passage of the West Virginia licensing law and its subsequent legal challenges... Reading this fascinating and personal history of a watershed moment in physician regulation encourages one to dig deeper into the history of medical regulation. -- John Harris Social History of Medicine In sprightly prose Mohr explains how the practice of medicine came to be licensed. His archival sleuthing has unearthed a complex drama involving personalities, ideas, and interests. -- Jeffrey Kahana Journal of American History Mohr clearly explains the rationale for opposing licensing and makes it easy to understand why for over a decade legal authorities remained confused and unconvinced by the decision. This book will be a useful case study for historians attempting to make the case for the contingent nature of change to non-historian policy makers. -- Joel D. Howell Bulletin of the History of Medicine Licensed to Practice covers a lot of ground... [James C. Mohr] provides a definitive account of Dent, makes an important contribution to the history of medicine in the United States, and offers an interesting study of regulation in the Progressive era. The Federal Lawyer Licensed to Practice is a valuable contribution to the history of US medicine and public health. Mohr frames the unique features of the West Virginia law and its subsequent legal history. He presents new information on the individuals involved. West Virgina History Mohr's book does a superb job presenting not just the history and the legal debates leading to Dent, but also offers well-thought-out criticisms of the consequences of the Supreme Court's Dent decision for issues such as the medical malpractice system and the policing of physician competence post-licensure. He manages to present all of this, including the rather arcane and complex legal issues in an accessible and easily-understood manner even for those who are not steeped in constitutional law or historical research. Kennedy Institute of Ethics Journal Mohr's effective blending of engaging narrative with cogent historical analysis makes this book a useful resource for historians of medicine, legal historians, as well as those interested in social history. But the book is also appealing to medical, legal, and regulatory professionals seeking a historical perspective on medical licensing, its impact on practice, and the implementation of public health in the United States. Journal of the History of Medicine and Allied SciencesTable of ContentsIntroductionProloguePart One: Background1. Medical Regulation in the United States through the Civil WarPart Two: The Medical Society of West Virginia2. Dr. Reeves and the Founding3. Building the "True Church"4. Challenges from WithinPart Three: The Board of Health5. Securing Legislation6. Exercising Power7. The Dents Confront the BoardPart Four: The Courts8. The West Virginia State Supreme Court9. Conflict and Enforcement10. The United States Supreme Court11. American Medical Practice after DentEpilogueAcknowledgmentsNotesIndex

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Book SynopsisThis book seeks to explain why, among the innumerable problems faced by societies, some problems in some places become viewed as critical public issues that shape health policy.Trade ReviewThis book is brave and insightful and succeeds in raising the possibility that cultural histories of health must acknowledge the distinct vocabulary and sociocultural definitions that are inherent to specific disease states. It is full of potential leads and insights, reference and analysis that will be consulted time and time again. -- Paul Weindling Science Weisz shows beautifully that concern with chronic diseases is hardly new. -- Bill Bynum Lancet This is a valuable resource for all academic professionals in the health field, especially those in public policy. Choice This is a valuable study. It is the first long overview of the emergence of one of the most significant health policy issues in modern times. Chronic Illness As this book shows, chronic disease has long been neglected, by both health care systems and historians. Weisz took up the challenge of writing the history of a diffuse and undramatic concept, and has done it well. -- David Jones Global Public Health The recent globalisation of 'chronic disease' serves to demonstrate the importance of Weisz's book not just for historians of medicine, but for policy makers and practitioners too. By highlighting the constructed nature of 'chronic disease' Weisz draws attention to the political foundations of a category too often taken for granted. Crisply written, clearly structure, and presenting a wealth of detail without ever overwhelming, this is sure to become a classic text. -- Alex Mold Social History of Medicine The book is scholarly, builds on the work of prominent thinkers in the field such as Daniel Fox, and provides new insights on the history of American health care. Gesnerus Weisz has produced an intriguing and original argument that will be of great interest to historians of health care and health care policy, in both national and international contexts. IsisTable of ContentsPrefaceList of AbbreviationsIntroductionPart I: Chronic Disease in the United States1. "National Vitality" and Physical Examination2. Expanding Public Health3. Almshouses, Hospitals, and the Sick Poor4. New Deal Politics and the National Health Survey5. Mobilizing against Chronic Illness at Midcentury6. Long-Term Care7. Public Health and PreventionPart II: Chronic Disease in the United Kingdom and France8. Health, Wealth, and the State9. Alternative Paths in the United Kingdom10. Maladies chroniques in FranceEpilogueNotesIndex

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Book SynopsisThis book captures that heady, fleeting moment when a biologist could expect to do great science through the private sector and be rewarded with both wealth and scientific acclaim.Trade ReviewBiologist and science historian Nicolas Rasmussen delicately unravels the tangled fibres of discovery, entrepreneurship and lab life in the first decades of genetic engineering... An engaging, ultimately elegiac tale of lost innocence, as researchers struggle with the angel of the search for truth on one shoulder, and the devil of wealth and fame on the other. -- Nathaniel Comfort Nature This provides an engrossing blend of technical survey and business history reconmmended for science and business collections alike! Midwest Book Review An engaging, informative work appropriate for general readers and beginning students of molecular biology or biotechnology. Choice Gene Jockeys deftly conveys a sense of the excitement and technical challenges of this time when free-wheeling scientists pursued their passions in newly evolving commercial settings. -- Jonathan Khan Journal of American History Scholars generally should appreciate Rasmussen's careful research and the wide sweep of source material that he references in extensive notes. -- Sally Smith Hughes Social History of Medicine Rasmussen achieves admirably what he sets out to accomplish... Gene Jockeys will be the go-to source on the history of the biotech industry for some time to come, and particularly regarding the scientific and legal developments on which that industry's growth rested. -- Elizabeth Popp Berman American Historical Review Rasmussen's book deserves to be read by business historians, historians of science, journalists, and anyone who wants to better understand the early days of genetic engineering through the days of investor hype to the absorption of small biotech experiments by much greater entities. Studies in History and Philosophy of Science Overall, Gene Jockeys is an impressive book that brings together many known, but scattered, narratives with a new frame of reference... Any scholars interested in the history of early biotechnology will find Gene Jockeys essential reading. Journal of the History of Biology It should be emphasized that although Gene Jockeys productively complements other historical accounts of biotech, the book also stands on its own quite well. Rasmussen's account owes much of its usefulness to his creativity and care in supporting his claims by drawing from the scientific literature, oral histories, and especially legal documents. Isis .. Any one interested in the history of modern biotech and the attitudes that shaped it will find valuable insights. The BiologistTable of ContentsAcknowledgmentsIntroduction: Biology's Day at the Races1. Biology, Industry, and the Cold War2. The Insulin Trophy3. Growing Pains: Commercial Strains on a Way of Life4. The Interferon Derby: Markets in Credit, Tournaments of Value5. Epo: The Making of the Biotech Blockbuster6. tPA: The End of the BeginningConclusion: Science, Business, and Medicine in the First Age of BiotechCited SourcesNotesGlossary of Technical TermsIndex

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Book SynopsisAs accessible as it is fascinating, The Large Hadron Collider reveals the inner workings of this masterful achievement of technology, along with the mind-blowing discoveries that will keep it at the center of the scientific frontier for the foreseeable future.Trade ReviewThe book is a fast read brimming with personality. Reading about the Large Hadron Collider, with its spinning particle streams, hypercontrolled collisions, and awesome implications, is like learning about what wizards do. -- Anna Call Foreword Reviews Lincoln's tales of the LHC... offer readers fresh insight into some of the most significant research in modern physics. Publishers Weekly Laypersons interested in the building blocks of the universe and/or the newsworthy LHC will learn a lot from this work and enjoy the process. Library Journal Physics blends with some amazing stories of the Higgs boson and other details in a powerful scientific survey packed with insights that are both scientifically detailed and widely accessible to general-interest readers. California Bookwatch This engaging story will be appreciated by readers interested in the frontiers of science... Highly recommended. Choice Written in accessible language and an engaging manner. Metascience I was pleased to see how Lincoln's sense of humor... lightens what might otherwise be a tedious enumeration of technical details. MetascienceTable of ContentsPrefaceAcknowledgments1. Beginnings and Building Blocks2. Stuff We Already Know3. Accelerators and the LHC4. Incredible Detectors5. Teething Pains and Triumphs6. The Dramatic Higgs Saga7. Looking for Something New8. The Future Is Bright!Suggested ReadingIndex

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Book SynopsisBroad in scope and sweep, Hamlin's study is a reflection of how the meanings of diseases continue to shift, affecting not only the identities we create but often our ability to survive.Trade ReviewHamlin expounds, with grace, wit and learning, the thinking of many of the major figures of medicine... Hamlin trawls medicine's history with great effect, uncovering a number of forgotten figures who had their own ideas about the causes, consequences and treatment of fever. -- W.F. Bynum Times Literary Supplement A senior historian of disease and public health, Hamlin displays considerable breadth and depth in his knowledge of medical theory and practice from different eras... What makes the book most impressive and compelling is Hamlin's ability to integrate the history of medicine and science with social and cultural history. PsycCRITIQUESTable of ContentsForeword, by Charles E. RosenbergAcknowledgments1. More Than HOTPart I: The Fevers of Classical Medicines2. Words3. BooksPart II: Fever as Social4. Communities5. SelvesPart III: Fever Becomes Modern6. Facts7. Naming the Wild8. Numbers and NursesPart IV: Fever, Modern and Poer-Modern9. Machines, Mothers, Sex, and ZombiesNotesIndex

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Book SynopsisThis fascinating book traces the growing awareness of that epistemological gap through textbooks and natural philosophy treatises to canonical poetry and plays, presciently registering and exploring the magnitude of the human loss that accompanied the beginnings of modern science.Trade ReviewLosing Touch with Nature is a stimulating read. Crane gives clear explanations of complex philosophical and scientific subjects-particularly those which are unfamiliar to the modern mind-and sets out her argument lucidly. The view she advances is groundbreaking, providing a new perspective on an important period of history. Her book deserves a wide readership, both within academia and more generally, than just among literary historians. -- Clive Prince Magonia Review Crane's discussion is an exceptionally intelligent guide to the history of early modern science for nonscientists, as well as a useful corrective to some of the unexamined donnees of current writing about early modern science and literature. Perhaps because she is not a scientist or a historian of science, her care in explicating the state of scientific knowledge, its sources and traditions, together with the competing, mingling systems that offered such fecund ground for imaginative writers, is precise, clear, and suggestive. Renaissance Quarterly Crane's synchronic approach to multiple contexts related to science and literature resonates with current interdisciplinary views... Crane's approach to her material is comprehensive and represents an important resource for research. British Society for Literature Of the books that I found most rewarding among this year's crop...I would flag Mary Thomas Crane's Losing Touch with Nature: Literature and the New Science in Sixteenth Century England. Studies in English LiteratureTable of ContentsAcknowledgments1. Introduction2. Aristotelian Naturalism and Its Discontents3. Losing Touch with Nature4. Spenser and the New Science5. Shakespeare and New Forms of Nothing6. Matter and PowerEpilogue: What about Bacon?NotesIndex

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Book SynopsisConnecting laboratory research, clinical medicine, social theory, and lived experience, Intolerant Bodies reveals how doctors and patients have come to terms, often reluctantly, with this novel and puzzling mechanism of disease causation.Trade ReviewAnderson and Mackay's engaging survey is a studious examination of autoimmune diseases, and a humble admission that their cures remain stubbornly elusive. Publishers Weekly This is a fascinating read... A solid choice for academic science and health sciences collections. Library Journal ... This book packs in serious scholarship in both science and its history, adding hefty amounts of philosophy for good measure. Historical Records of Australian Science A magisterial, historically rich biography of autoimmunity... Anderson and Mackay reveal an expert understanding of how to use 'lived experience' to bring a biography of disease to life. Personal accounts demonstrate how, as theories about the causes of inexplicable chronic debilitating diseases abounded, the variety of treatments devised to alleviate or 'cure' them expanded. -- Tilli Tansey Nature Succinct, well-written, and informed, Intolerant Bodies narrates the history of immunology through the lens of autoimmune disease... the story told here extends far beyond the topic of "attack against self" to provide perhaps the best overview of immunity (normal and pathological) available for the general reader. Metascience Few topics in contemporary science hold the wide interest commanded by immunology, so this graceful and timely account of the development of this science is a welcomed addition to the literature. Intolerant Bodies is beautifully written-an informed, informative, and engaging assessment of the history of autoimmunity. But the small book is far more than the short history it humbly claims to be; for Anderson and Mackay take on a complex subject many of us have struggled to summarize with more words than fewer. -- A. David Napier Somatosphere Anderson and MacKay reward any readers who have dedicated decades to researching a cure for type 1 diabetes, and other equally elusive autoimmune diseases, by illustrating just how far into other scholarly realms the concepts of autoimmunity have reached. -- Sarah Linklater The Lancet Highly recommended for any collection strong in health history. California Bookwatch Well researched, highly readable history of autoimmune disease... The reader will journey in company with the authors on their fascinating tour of autoimmune history, facts, and observations. And what a journey indeed! In Focus Within a limited amount of pages, it tells the complicated but intriguing development of immunology and autoimmunity in a clear and consistent narrative that constantly crosses the boundaries between laboratories, hospitals, and patients' lives. East Asian Science, Technology and Society The book's concision, its fluid prose, its courageous (and largely successful) attempt to bring four chronic diseases into a coherent historical relationship, and its bold effort to come at immunology's history from the margins all conspire to make Intolerant Bodies a valuable and unique contribution to the field. Social History of Medicine [Anderson and Mackay's] work is refreshingly different from some recent best-selling histories of medicine written by scientists and clinicians, and the authors responsibly and soberly juxtapose the exciting science with the problematic clinical reality. Bulletin of the History of Medicine With clarity, depth, and subtle provocation, Intolerant Bodies covers significant historical, biomedical, and philosophical ground to investigate and explain the aetiological paradox of autoimmune disease...discussions at biomedical science conferences, immunology seminars, and research colloquia will be all the richer if this book is widely circulated. Health and HistoryTable of ContentsForeword, by Charles E. RosenbergIntroduction: Thinking Autoimmunity1. Physiology with Obstacles2. Immunological Thought Styles3. A Sense of Unlimited Possibilities4. The Science of Self5. Doing Biographical Work6. Reframing SelfAfterword: Becoming Autoimmune, or Being NotAcknowledgmentsNotesBibliographyIndex

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Book SynopsisOnly by understanding the historical forces that have shaped our current situation, Podolsky argues, can we properly understand and frame our choices moving forward.Trade ReviewThe author deftly handles the debates that festered around the appropriate roles of industry, clinicians and government in the production and use of antibiotics... The work is scholarly, exceptionally well researched, and worthy of serious examination for those interested in past, current and future efforts to frame and inform the public about antibiotic-resistant bacteria. -- John S. Haller, Jr. Pharmacy in History This remarkable book ultimately shows that antibiotic resistance is an issue of huge cultural import that spans many disciplinary areas and which cannot be completely understood in all its significance without understanding its history: it is surely necessary to know the molecular details of the biological processes through which microbes acquire resistance; but it is also necessary to understand the conflict between the various social forces that shaped the debate concerning the misuse, abuse and overuse of antibiotics. The book accomplishes this latter result formidably well. -- Davide Vecchi Metapsychology ... this book is a fascinating reminder that the benefits of antibiotics were squandered right from the beginning of the antibiotic era. -- Roger Poole The Pharmaceutical Journal The Antibiotic Era is about more than just antibiotics per se: it is also a rich and deeply thoughtful exploration of the contested process by which notions of therapeutic rationality have been developed, enacted, and resisted. As such, it should be read by both historians and other scholars of recent American medicine and by those interested in the use and misuse of antibiotics more broadly. -- Joseph M. Gabriel Journal of the History of Medicine and Allied Sciences With access to a wide range of archives from government agencies and academia, Podolsky takes us through a host of conferences, councils, courts, congressional hearings, symposia and task forces to reveal the tensions that grew since the 1940s between the pharmaceutical industry and medical academia, patients and doctors, and government and the media concerning over-marketed and irrationally prescribed antibiotics. -- Roger Poole The Pharmaceutical Journal Podolsky's historical accounts challenge readers to be mindful of what continue to be serious concerns within the global public health system. Choice The need for an assessment such as The Antibiotic Era has never been greater... This book's value will only increase over time, and is recommended beyond health collections alone. Midwest Book Review The Antibiotic Era should be mandatory reading for those in the medical profession and is well worth the steep learning curve for those with an interest in the field but from a different background. Inside Story ... an in-depth and well researched book. Nursing Times This book is carefully researched and persuasively argued... it is a fascinating historical analysis... Nursing Times We can thank the author for the effort and hope the lessons are duly noted and learned. This is an essential addition to every academic library in the health care professions. Watermark Readers unfamiliar with the new pharma history will find The Antibiotic Era an excellent introduction to the field, while those well read in the subject will find plenty to hold their interest. Social History of Medicine [Podolsky] brilliantly reconstructs the history of how the debate on antibiotics regulation was crucial in the making of drug regulation legislation in the USA...The Antibiotics Era is an excellent book and it will clearly become a reference for all scholars interested in the history of twentieth-century medicine and drug relation. British Journal for the History of Science ... this is a fabulous book. This title contributes to a fundamental shift in the writing of the history of medicine. It tackles issues of therapeutics, and it also narrates the contemporary history of medicine, for which actors, debates, and interests are similar to those today. Scott Podolsky deserves praise as one of the drivers of this fundamental shift in the way the history of medicine is written. This publication deserves to gain the widest possible readership. Bulletin of the History of MedicineTable of ContentsAcknowledgmentsIntroduction1. The Origins of Antibiotic Reform2. Antibiotics and the Invocation of the Controlled Clinical Trial3. From Sigmamycin to Panalba4. "Rational" Therapeutics and the Limits to Delimitation5. Responding to Antibotic ResistanceConclusionList of AbbreviationsNotesIndex

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Book SynopsisIt is a must-read for historians of medicine and scholars in women's studies and political history, as well as for naturopaths and all readers interested in alternative medicine.Trade Review. . . in-depth look at late 19th century healing . . .—American Herb Association Quarterly. . . Nature’s Path is an entertaining and illuminating work that will be enjoyed by those readers interested in American naturopathy, and the social history of medicine more generally.—IsisCayleff holds true to her purpose and has written a fine history of naturopathy that will stand the test of time.—The HistorianTable of ContentsChapter One. Following Nature's Path and Botanic HealingChapter Two. Spokes of a Wheel: The Healing Systems of NaturopathyChapter Three. "Nature Takes the Right Road": Naturopathic PhilosophyChapter Four. Louisa Stroebele Lust, Benedict Lust, and Their Yungborn SanatoriumChapter Five. Women, Naturopathy, and PowerChapter Six. Culture Wars: Ideology, Social Trends, and Competition for ClientsChapter Seven. Medical Monsters: Vivisection and VaccinationChapter Eight. Legal Battles: Democracy or Autocracy?Chapter Nine. Professionalizing and Defining the Nature CureChapter Ten. Deepening Divides, 1945-1969Chapter Eleven. The 1970s and Beyond: Cultural Critique and Holistic Health

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Book SynopsisBy investigating how laws, myths, national aspirations, and global relations have recast and, at times, distorted the key purposes of education, this pathbreaking book sheds light on the role of ignorance in shaping ideas, public opinion, and policy.Trade Review. . . this volume makes an important contribution by prompting and inviting readers to take matters forward in their own engagement with the problem of ignorance. Even in titling the book “Miseducation” Angulo plants the seeds for exciting debate and discussion about what it might mean for historians to identify that which has been mis-educative across time and space — and on what grounds we are able to identify and understand this.—Historical Studies in Education/Revue d'histoire de l'éducationTable of ContentsIgnorance 1A. J. AnguloPART I: Legalizing Ignorance1 Slavery 13Kim Tolley2 Sex 34Jennifer Burek Pierce and Matt Pierce3 Sexuality 52Karen Graves4 Evolution 73Adam R. Shapiro5 Environment 96Kevin C. ElliottPART II: Mythologizing Ignorance6 Class 123Daniel Perlstein7 Identity 140Eileen H. Tamura8 Religion 161Adam Laats9 History 184Donald WarrenPART III: Nationalizing and Globalizing Ignorance10 US 217Lisa Jarvinen11 Germany 244Lisa Pine12 USSR 268E. Thomas Ewing13 Israel 295Soli Vered and Daniel Bar- Tal14 China 319Dongping Han and Stephen Samuel SmithRefl ections 339A. J. AnguloAcknowledgments 351Contributors 355Index 363

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Book SynopsisThe Intentional Brain is a marvelous and interdisciplinary look at the clinical interface between the mind and the brain.Trade ReviewIt reminded me exactly why I love psychiatry, for its complex history and ongoing scientific mystery. If you are feeling in need of a reminder of how far we have come, Trimble may provide just that inspiration. British Society for the History of MedicineTable of ContentsPreface1. Origins of the Romance2. The Middle Ages3. The Renaissance4. The Enlightenment5. Romanticism6. Late Romanticism7. Charcot's Joints8. The Division of the Hemispheres9. Fin de Siècle10. The Turn of the Screw11. The In-Between Years12. After the War13. Coda14. Neuropsychiatry, Then and NowAcknowledgmentsName IndexSubject Index

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Book SynopsisFrom Madman to Crime Fighter is the most comprehensive study of the image of the scientist in Western literature and film.Trade ReviewHer approach is to correlate developments in science and technology over the following seven centuries with descriptions of how scientists have been portrayed in contemporaneous literature, and more recently in fascinating read.—Times Higher EducationThis is a wonderful book, both in the sense of being a pleasure to read and being full of wonders.—SAGE BlogIn this update, Haynes has extended her purview to accommodate the growth in scholarship on science and popular culture, especially in the area of film, which has occurred in the twenty years since the publication of the first edition... Anyone wishing to design a course on science or the scientist (however he or she may define these terms) in literature, cinema or popular culture, set either in a single era or over a span of time, could easily get away with using this new volume as a one-stop shopping catalogue for primary sources.—Neeraja Sankaran, Independent Scholar, British Society for Literature and ScienceTable of ContentsList of IllustrationsPrefaceAcknowledgmentsIntroduction1. Evil Alchemists and Doctor Faustus2. Bacon’s New Scientists3. Foolish Virtuosi4. Newton5. Arrogant and Godless6. Inhuman Scientists7. Frankenstein and the Creature8. Victorian Scientists9. The Scientist as Adventurer10. Efficiency and Power11. The Scientist as Hero12. Mad, Bad, and Dangerous to Know13. The Impersonal Scientist14. Scientia Gratia Scientiae15. Robots, Androids, Cyborgs, and Clones16. Pandora’s Box17. The Scientist as Woman18. Idealism and ConscienceConclusionAppendixNotesBibliographyIndex

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Book SynopsisWritten in a lively style that mixes personal biography with scholarly research, On the Other Hand tells a comprehensive story about the science, traditions, and prejudices surrounding left-handedness.Trade ReviewThis scientific landscape in perpetual, cyclical flux is well described by Kushner’s engaging, accessible panorama.—Abigail Zuger, UndarkThis is a useful addition to the growing library of laterality literature and gives us a solid overview of the history of left-handedness.—LATERALITYHoward Kushner's On the Other Hand is a review of the history and current state of scientific knowledge about human handedness. This doesn't sound like thrilling reading, but it is.—LectionThe book will be of special interest to left-handed people, particularly those who have suffered negative consequences as a result, and to members of other stigmatized groups. For the rest of us, it is an interesting case-study in the seemingly limitless capacity of human beings to discriminate against those who are different from themselves.—The PsychologistIn this interesting and highly informative book, Howard Kushner brings together a wealth of information on handedness in humans, including research into its possible causes, and past and present attitudes to left-handedness.—The Dana FoundationThis is a very engaging and informative book that will interest scholars but should also appeal to a much wider audience.—Social History of MedicineTable of ContentsPreface Acknowledgments 1. Genes and Kangaroos2. Criminals or Victims?3. By the Numbers4. Ambiguous Attitudes5. Changing Hands, Tying Tongues6. From Genes to Populations7. The Geschwind Hypothesis8. Genetic Models and Selective Advantage9. Uniquely Human?10. A Gay Hand?11. Disability, Ability, and the Left HandConclusion Notes Index

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Book SynopsisCreatures Born of Mud and Slime is a compelling look at how we understand conceptions of scientific change, truth, and progress.Table of ContentsAcknowledgmentsIntroduction1. Spontaneous Generation in Aristotle2. Aristotle and Observational Confidence3. A Blossoming of Creatures4. Inheritance and Innovation5. Interlude6. Toward a ShowdownConclusionNotes References Index

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Book SynopsisThis short, smart analysis will engage scholars across academia.Trade ReviewEthical Imperialism is a remarkable accomplishment and a must-read for researchers and policy makers. It persuasively weaves together the scholarly, disciplinary, regulatory, and bureaucratic strands that account for today's 'omnipresent threat' to social research. Canadian Journal of Sociology This book ought to be required reading for those concerned about the political forces that make our work possible, and sometimes not possible at all. -- Susan B. Reverby American Historical Review [A]n impressive assessment of IRBs, from their tenuous beginnings in the early 1960s as a practical response to a perceived threat to the public from medical research to [their] present status as a threat to academic freedom in the social sciences... [A] significant contribution to those oral historians and related practitioners who would seek to challenge IRB's right and ability to adequately evaluate their research projects, particularly before the research has been conducted. Oral History Review A valuable contribution to the history of federal science policy and a useful critique of a system ill-suited to the uses to which it is being put. Journal of American History The book is a powerful indictment of the IRB regime. Law and Politics Book Review Exhaustively researched, drawing on... a wide array of sources. -- Donald N. Bersoff PsycCRITIQUES Thoroughly researched story of how IRBs came to be, how they came to adopt rules designed for medical, biological, and psychological researchers and then to apply them to the social sciences, how those rules became institutionalized, and how the rules protect universities rather than the people who serve as subjects and informants in social science research. Contemporary Sociology I highly recommended this book for its contribution to the discussion of academic freedom, social science research, and the regulation of research ethics. -- Ellen Marakowitz AAUP: Regulated ResearchTable of ContentsPrefaceList of AbbreviationsIntroduction1. Ethics and Committees2. The Spread of Institutional Review3. The National Commission4. The Belmont Report5. The Battle for Social Science6. Détente and Crackdown7. The Second Battle for Social Science8. Accommodation or Resistance?ConclusionNotesIndex

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Book SynopsisHow deadly cholera pandemics transformed modern Iran. Pandemic cholera reached Iran for the first of many times in 1821, assisted by Britain's territorial expansion and growing commercial pursuits. The revival of Iran's trade arteries after six decades of intermittent civil war, fractured rule, and isolation allowed the epidemic to spread inland and assume national proportions. In A Modern Contagion, Amir A. Afkhami argues that the disease had a profound influence on the development of modern Iran, steering the country's social, economic, and political currents. Drawing on archival documents from Iranian, European, and American sources, Afkhami provides a comprehensive overview of pandemic cholera in Iran from the early nineteenth century to the First World War. Linking the intensity of Iran's cholera outbreaks to the country's particular sociobiological vulnerabilities, he demonstrates that local, national, and international forces in Iran helped structure the region's susceptibilTable of ContentsAcknowledgmentsChronology of Major EventsA Note on Transliteration and StyleIntroduction 1Chapter 1. Cholera and the Globalization of Health in Iran, 1821-1889Chapter 2. The 1889-1893 Cholera EpidemicsChapter 3. Epidemics and Sanitary Imperialism, 1896-1904 Chapter 4. Cholera, Germs, and the 1906 Constitutional Revolution Chapter 5. Wars, Plagues, and Institutional Developments in Health, 1906-1926 Epilogue AppendixesA. Nasir al-Din Shah's 1879 Decree on the Hygiene of Tehran B. Muzaffar al-Din Shah's 1897 Decree Regulating Sanitary Stations and Quarantines on Iran's Eastern Frontiers C. Medical Practice Act of 1911 D. 1914 Sanitation Ordinances for Tehran NotesSelect BibliographyIndex

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Book SynopsisA comprehensive portrait of the osteopathic medical profession. Overcoming suspicion, ridicule, and outright opposition from the American Medical Association, the osteopathic medical profession today serves the health needs of more than thirty million Americans. Osteopathic medicine is now the fastest-growing segment of the US physician and surgeon population. In The DOs, historian Norman Gevitz chronicles the development of this controversial medical movement from its nineteenth-century origins in the American Midwest to the present day. He describes the philosophy and practice of osteopathy, as well as the impact of osteopathic medicine on health care. In print continuously since 1982, The DOs has now been thoroughly updated and expanded. From the theories underlying the use of spinal manipulation developed by osteopathy's founder, Andrew Taylor Still, Gevitz traces the movement's early success, despite attacks from the orthodox medical community. He also recounts the efforts of Table of ContentsPrefaceChapter 1. Andrew Taylor StillChapter 2. The Missouri MeccaChapter 3. In the FieldChapter 4. Structure & FunctionChapter 5. Expanding the ScopeChapter 6. The Push for Higher StandardsChapter 7. A Question of IdentityChapter 8. The California MergerChapter 9. Reaffirmation & ExpansionChapter 10. In a Sea of ChangeChapter 11. The Challenge of DistinctivenessNotesIndex

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Book SynopsisTable of ContentsIntroduction, by Rita FelskiI. What Do the Humanities Do?1. Stephen Muecke, An Ecology of Institutions: Recomposing the Humanities 002. Antoine Hennion, From ANT to Pragmatism: A Journey with Bruno Latour at the CSI 003. Graham Harman, Demodernizing the Humanities with Latour4. Heather Love, Care, Concern, and the Ethics of Description5. Anders Blok and Casper Bruun Jensen, Redistributing Critique6. Steven Connor, Decomposing the Humanities7. Dipesh Chakrabarty, Humanities in the Anthropocene: The Crisis of an Enduring Kantian Fable8. Yves Citton, Fictional Attachments and Literary Weavings in the Anthropocene9. Simon During, Are the Humanities Modern?10. Nigel Thrift, The University of LifeII. Latour and the Disciplines11. David J. Alworth, Critique, Modernity, Society, Agency: Matters of Concern in Literary Studies12. Claudia Breger, Cinematic Assemblies: Latour and Film Studies13. Michael Witmore, Latour, the Digital Humanities, and the Divided Kingdom of Knowledge14. Barbara Herrnstein Smith, Anthropotheology: Latour Speaking Religiously15. Gerard de Vries, Politics Is a "Mode of Existence": Why Political Theorists Should Leave Hobbes for Montesquieu 16. Patrice Maniglier, Art as Fiction: Can Latour's Ontology of Art Be Ratified by Art Lovers? (An Exercise in Anthropological Diplomacy17. Francis Halsall, Actor-Network Aesthetics: The Conceptual Rhymes of Bruno Latour and Contemporary ArtAfterwordLife among Conceptual Characters, by Bruno LatourContributorsIndex

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Book SynopsisTable of ContentsList of IllustrationsSeries Editor's ForewordAcknowledgmentsIntroduction. The Material (Con)Texts of Global ModernityPart 1. The Empire's New Clothes: British Publics and Imperial Politics, 1650–1720Chapter 1. Patterns for Plantation: New World Silk and the Natural History of Settler ColonialismChapter 2. Indo-Atlantic Modernity: The Early Global Cotton Trade and the Emergence of Racial CapitalismPart 2. Revolutionary Threads: New World Publics and Insurgent Economies, 1750–1800Chapter 3. The Republic of Homespun: Material Economies of the American RevolutionChapter 4. Materializing the Black Atlantic: African Captives, Caribbean Slaves, and Creole FashioningPart 3. The Fabric of American Empire: Imagined Communities and New Geographies, 1600–1865Chapter 5. Oriental America: Silk Geographies in the Era of the Early RepublicChapter 6. Empires in Rags: Hemispheric American Material and Literary TextsConclusion. Weaving Revolution in the Global SouthNotesEssay on SourcesIndex

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Book SynopsisRandy Moore, PhD, is professor of biology and H.T. Morse-Alumni Distinguished Teaching Professor at the University of Minnesota in Minneapolis-St. Paul, USA.Trade ReviewAt the age of 24, he was the defendant in Tennessee v. Scopes, a pivotal moment in what would become a century-long struggle over the teaching of evolution in America's public schools. But who was John Thomas Scopes really? The product of a quarter century of diligent research, Randy Moore's book is the only biography of Scopes that any reader will ever need. * Glenn Branch, Deputy Director, National Center for Science Education *World famous and controversial at 24, John Scopes spent most of his years dodging a relentless limelight. Now indefatigable researcher Randy Moore tells us what it was like off-stage during Scopes' lifelong quest for a "normal" life while continuing to advocate for the freedoms he personified in his 1925 "trial of the century." Result: a book for everyone. * James Presley, Ph.D., Historian, co-author, Center of the Storm: Memoirs of John T. Scopes *"Idealized," "vilified," or "ignored" might best describe the popular view of John T. Scopes, defendant in "The World's Most Famous Court Trial." Randy Moore, however, has dug deep into the life of this private man, finding him to be the kind of guy you would like for a next-door neighbor. From previously unavailable family records and well-documented public sources, we have a fuller picture of the life, triumphs, and struggles of this "'Man of Courage." * Tom Davis, Past President, Rhea County (TN) Historical & Genealogical Society *Table of ContentsPreface Acknowledgments Introduction Searching for John Scopes 1. Beginnings 2. Dayton, Coal, Football, and “Coach Scopes” 3. An Interrupted Tennis Match 4. Jockeying for Position 5. John Scopes Goes to Court 6. A “Scared Boy” in Graduate School and the Jungle 7. Marriage, Politics, and a Career 8. Life in Shreveport 9. Embracing Fame 10. Last Days 11. Epilogue Appendix 1: The Scopes Family Appendix 2: Where John Scopes Lived Appendix 3: What John Scopes Published about His Trial Notes Bibliography Index

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Book SynopsisIn this sweeping work of science and history, the renowned climate scientist and author of The New Climate War shows us the conditions on Earth that allowed humans not only to exist but thrive, and how they are imperiled if we veer off course.   For the vast majority of its 4.54 billion years, Earth has proven it can manage just fine without human beings. Then came the first proto-humans, who emerged just a little more than 2 million years ago—a fleeting moment in geological time. What is it that made this benevolent moment of ours possible? Ironically, it’s the very same thing that now threatens us—climate change. The drying of the tropics during the Pleistocene period created a niche for early hominids, who could hunt prey as forests gave way to savannahs in the African tropics. The sudden cooling episode known as the “Younger Dryas” 13,000 years ago, which occurred just as Earth was thawing out of the last Ice Age, spurred the development of agriculture in the fertile crescent. The “Little Ice Age” cooling of the 16th-19th centuries led to famines and pestilence for much of Europe, yet it was a boon for the Dutch, who were able to take advantage of stronger winds to shorten their ocean voyages. The conditions that allowed humans to live on this earth are fragile, incredibly so. Climate variability has at times created new niches that humans or their ancestors could potentially exploit, and challenges that at times have spurred innovation. But there’s a relatively narrow envelope of climate variability within which human civilization remains viable. And our survival depends on conditions remaining within that range.   In this book, renowned climate scientist Michael Mann will arm readers with the knowledge necessary to appreciate the gravity of the unfolding climate crisis, while emboldening them—and others--to act before it truly does become too late.    

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Book SynopsisIn the twentieth century, scientists in the relatively new field of biology played an important role in exposing the threats of environmental degradation, loss of species diversity, habitat fragmentation, scarce energy resources, and human population growth. In the essays found in A New Century of Biology, some of the world's most notable biologists consider how their discipline must evolve to address these problems in the twenty-first century. The next one hundred years, the contributors argue, will likely be dominated by breakthroughs in evolutionary biology and systems ecology; by an increased need for scientists to integrate research, teaching, and service missions; and by problem-solving ventures on greater spatial and temporal scales. Because human activity and increased population will continue to have a profound impact on the environment, biologists must define an effective strategy for integrating the biological sciences with global economics and human social structure. The eleven contributors are leaders in the fields of ecology, and evolution, morphology, and development, behavior, microbiology, ecosystem energetics and biogeochemistry, biodiversity and conservation biology, and human sciences. While acknowledging the real problems their discipline must address, they offer an optimistic agenda for the future.Trade Review"When thinking about the future of biology, let us think of the vast benefits which biology has brought to humankind in the past. Indeed, biology is likely to continue to bring us in the future equally unexpected benefits." - Ernst Mayr, from the forewordTable of ContentsChapter 1 Foreword: Biology in the Twenty-First Century Chapter 2 Preface: A New Century of Biology Chapter 3 Acknowledgements Chapter 4 Contributors Chapter 5 1. Introduction: The New Revolution in Biology Chapter 6 2. Bacteria in the Origins of Species: Demise of the Neo-Darwinian Paradigm Chapter 7 3. Bodies and Body Plans, and How They Came to Be Chapter 8 4. Ecosystems: Energetics and Biogeochemistry Chapter 9 5. Behavior, Ecology, and Evolution Chapter 10 6. Conserving Biodiversity into the New Century Chapter 11 7. The New Age of Biological Exploration Chapter 12 8. Lumpy Integration of Tropical Wild Biodiversity with Its Society Chapter 13 9. Biology and the Human Sciences: Pathways of Consilience

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Book SynopsisThe mystical writings of the world’s great physicists—now in one eye-opening volume that bridges the gap between science and religion Quantum Questions collects the mystical writings of each of the major physicists involved in the discovery of quantum physics and relativity, including Albert Einstein, Werner Heisenberg, and Max Planck. The selections are written in nontechnical language and will be of interest to scientists and nonscientists alike.

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Book SynopsisThis rich, multidisciplinary curriculum to accompany Joy Hakim’s The Story of Science: Aristotle Leads the Way covers astronomy, physics, and chemistry from Mesopotamia to the Middle Ages. The course of study is divided into five units. Each unit includes an introduction (with background information, a materials list, and standards correlated to the narrative and teaching materials) and nine class sessions. The Teacher’s Quest Guide includes embedded reading strategies to facilitate greater comprehension, hands-on science experiments to encourage learning by discovery, timeline activities, and several review and assessment activities for each unit. Students will enjoy a time-traveling cartoon character, Professor Quest, who summarizes the main point of each lesson. Multiple cross-curricular links suggest additional activities in math, language arts, history, art, and other subjects to extend learning. The accompanying Student's Quest Guide includes all necessary student worksheets. This curriculum is ideal for traditional science classes, enrichment programs, and home-school settings.

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Book SynopsisAround Christmas of 1882, while peering through a microscope at starfish larvae in which he had inserted tiny thorns, Russian zoologist Elie Metchnikoff had a brilliant insight: what if the mobile cells he saw gathering around the thorns were nothing but a healing force in action? Metchnikoff’s daring theory of immunity—that voracious cells he called phagocytes formed the first line of defense against invading bacteria—would eventually earn the scientist a Nobel Prize, shared with his archrival, as well as the unofficial moniker “Father of Natural Immunity.” But first he had to win over skeptics, especially those who called his theory “an oriental fairy tale.”Using previously inaccessible archival materials, author Luba Vikhanski chronicles Metchnikoff’s remarkable life and discoveries in the first moder n biography of this hero of medicine. Metchnikoff was a towering figure in the scientific community of the early twentieth century, a tireless humanitarian who, while working at the Pasteur Institute in Paris, also strived to curb the spread of cholera, syphilis, and other deadly diseases. In his later years, he startled the world with controversial theories on longevity, launching a global craze for yogurt, and pioneered research into gut microbes and aging. Though Metchnikoff was largely forgotten for nearly a hundred years, Vikhanski documents a remarkable revival of interest in his ideas on immunity and on the gut flora in the science of the twenty-first century.Trade Review"A portrait that captures not only the man, but also the end-of-the-19th century dynamism that fostered revolutions in art, politics, and science." Kirkus Reviews"Elie Metchnikoff was one of the most remarkable scientists of the turn of the twentieth century, . . . an immunologist ahead of his time, and also, in some ways, very much behind it. In Luba Vikhanski he has finally found a biographer who brings his gripping story to life in sprightly, engaged prose for the English-reading world." Michael D. Gordin, Rosengarten Professor of Modern and Contemporary History, Princeton University"A sensitive, nuanced portrait . . . and at times reads like a thriller." Siamon Gordon, Emeritus Professor of Cellular Pathology, University of Oxford, and a Fellow of the Royal Society"[an] outstanding, enlightening and delightful biography." The Jerusalem Post"This book deftly unspools and celebrates both the profession and the personal life of a turn-of-the-century giant." Library Journal"The story of a revolutionary era in medicine." The Washington Post"Having gleaned a personal perspective from letters, the author [Vikhanski] builds Metchnikoff into a magnetic character and sets him in a vibrant scientific and historical scene. Immunity is smoothly written, with charming turns of phrase that engage and demand attention." Foreword Reviews"Vikhanski's meticulous account of this almost-forgotten scientist reminds us of just how important a role obsession and stubbornness play in research." Booklist

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Book SynopsisThroughout the Roman Empire Cities held public speeches and lectures, had libraries, and teachers and professors in the sciences and the humanities, some subsidized by the state. There even existed something equivalent to universities, and medical and engineering schools. What were they like? What did they teach? Who got to attend them? In the first treatment of this subject ever published, Dr. Richard Carrier answers all these questions and more, describing the entire education system of the early Roman Empire, with a unique emphasis on the quality and quantity of its science content. He also compares pagan attitudes toward the Roman system of education with the very different attitudes of ancient Jews and Christians, finding stark contrasts that would set the stage for the coming Dark Ages.Trade Review"Richard Carrier's deeply researched study of how knowledge of the natural world was taught as an empirical science in the Roman Empire is an enlightening contribution to ancient history." Adrienne Mayor, author, The Poison King and The Amazons"This book offers an incisive critique of apologists who discredit pre-Christian paganism for any scientific advances, while crediting Christianity with furthering science. If anything, it may be the 're-paganization' of Christianity that revived interest in science in the Middle Ages and Early Renaissance." Hector Avalos, author, Health Care and the Rise of Christianity and The Bad Jesus

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Book SynopsisIn this ambitious new interdisciplinary study, Useche proposes the metaphor of the social foundry to parse how industrialization informed and shaped cultural and national discourses in late nineteenth- and early twentieth-century Spain. Across a variety of texts, Spanish writers, scientists, educators, and politicians appropriated the new economies of industrial production—particularly its emphasis on the human capacity to transform reality through energy and work—to produce new conceptual frameworks that changed their vision of the future. These influences soon appeared in plans to enhance the nation’s productivity, justify systems of class stratification and labor exploitation, or suggest state organizational improvements. This fresh look at canonical writers such as Emilia Pardo Bazán, Concha Espina, Benito Pérez Galdós, Vicente Blasco Ibáñez, and José Echegaray as well as lesser known authors offers close readings of their work as it reflected the complexity of Spain’s process of modernization. Trade Review"At the crossroads of industry and ideology, Useche reveals the 'semiological engine' of a paradigm shift in fin-de-siglo Spain that spans the discursive horizon of modernization and progress. Attentive to economics, education, labor practices, technology, and the environment, this study explores how coetaneous, often contradictory currents of thought confronted change through new ways of imagining a symbolic advancement that was at once liberating and threatening for Spain’s tomorrow."— Travis Landry, editor of The Fruits of the Struggle in Diplomacy and War: Moroccan Ambassador al-Ghazzal and His Di "Founders of the Future establishes Spain as a vital player in late nineteenth-century discussions of modernization, industrialization, and energy. With a background in engineering and a fine ear for language, Óscar Iván Useche looks beyond well-known works to show how metaphors in popular science writing shaped attitudes toward energy, industrial production, and Spain’s possibilities."— Laura Otis, author of Banned Emotions: How Metaphors Can Shape What People Feel "Each chapter of this finely-crafted book paints a lucid picture of the productive incorporation of industrial language and imagery into the discursive fabric of fin-de-siglo Spanish society. Researchers, historians, and scholars from diverse disciplines and theoretical backgrounds will no doubt find Useche’s book a rich source for reflection."— Nicolás Fernández-Medina, author of Life Embodied: The Promise of Vital Force in Spanish Modernity "Founders of the Future uncovers the new logic in Spain’s late nineteenth-century industrialization and modernization. It offers a unique perspective for mapping how different sectors of Spanish society viewed technological innovation, a 'social foundry' whence to forge regenerative approaches to Spain’s social, political, and economic problems."— Dale Pratt, author of Signs of Science: Literature, Science and Spanish Modernity Since 1868Table of ContentsNote on Translations Introduction: Reaching Out into the Future 1 The Social Foundry 2 Economy and Other Matters of State 3 The Educational Engine 4 Social Engineering 5 Technologies of Mass Diffusion 6 Industrial Footprint Conclusion: The Unreachable Future Acknowledgments Notes Bibliography Index

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