History of religion Books

Book SynopsisManchuria entered the twentieth century as a neglected backwater of the dying Qing dynasty, and within a few short years became the focus of intense international rivalry to control its resources and shape its people. This book examines the place of religion in the development of Manchuria from the late nineteenth century to the collapse of the Japanese Empire in 1945. Religion was at the forefront in this period of intense competition, not just between armies but also among different models of legal, commercial, social and spiritual development, each of which imagining a very specific role for religion in the new society. Debates over religion in Manchuria extended far beyond the region, and shaped the personality of religion that we see today. This book is an ambitious contribution to the field of Asian history and to the understanding of the global meaning and practice of the role of religion.Trade Review'Few scholars in the world can match DuBois' knowledge of the modern religious and political histories of China and Japan. In this book he applies that knowledge to Manchuria, a state whose history has already revolutionized global historical thinking about relations between tradition and modernity, the national and the cosmopolitan. An impressive new contribution to scholarship on the politics of religion.' Kiri Paramore, Leiden University, author of Japanese Confucianism: A Cultural History'In this exhilarating and original study of early twentieth-century Manchuria in global context, Thomas DuBois paints a lively picture of the politics and history of spiritual governance in a time and place that seems far removed from our own - but isn't as far as you might think. From an original and provocative account of the Boxer Uprising, to the politics of knowledge generation in Japanese and East Asian social science circles, to the designation of certain groups as 'religious bandits' in the Japanese owned Shengjing Times, to the politics of religious freedom and Protestant and Catholic mission in Japanese colonial Manchukuo, to the emergence of philanthropy as a civic sphere distinct from religion by groups such as the Daoyuan and the World Red Swastika Society, this book never quits. A fascinating, fun and indispensable read for anyone interested in the shifting and entangled fields of spirituality, sovereignty, empire, nationalism, and law.' Elizabeth Shakman Hurd, Northwestern UniversityTable of ContentsIntroduction; 1. Foundations of religion in society in Manchuria; 2. From the blood of the martyrs; 3. The mind of empire; 4. Piety in print; 5. The laws of men; 6. A charitable view; 7. Manchukuo's filial sons; 8. May God bless Manchukuo; Conclusion; Appendices; Bibliography.

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Book SynopsisThe Great Schism divided Western Christianity between 1378 and 1417. Two popes and their courts occupied the see of St. Peter, one in Rome, and one in Avignon. Traditionally, this event has received attention from scholars of institutional history. In this book, by contrast, Joëlle Rollo-Koster investigates the event through the prism of social drama. Marshalling liturgical, cultural, artistic, literary and archival evidence, she explores the four phases of the Schism: thebreachafter the 1378 election, the subsequent division of the Church, redressive actions, and reintegration of the papacy in a single pope. Investigating how popes legitimized their respective positions and the reception of these efforts, Rollo-Koster shows how the Schism influenced political thought, how unity was achieved, and how the two capitals, Rome and Avignon, responded to events. Rollo-Koster''s approach humanizes the Schism, enabling us to understand the event as it was experienced by contemporaries.Table of ContentsIntroduction; 1. The Great Western Schism: a social drama; 2. Performing the papacy, performing the Schism; 3. Image and responses: Antonio Baldana's de magno Schismate, Ulrich Richenthal's Chronicle, and The Apocalypse Tapestry of Angers; 4. Conflicting legitimacy: the Schism and the rhetoric of tyrannicide; 5. Finding unity in liturgy: papal funerals and the political theology of the pope's one body; 6. Rome during the Schism; 7. Avignon during the Schism; Conclusion.

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Book SynopsisDrawing on a rich variety of sources, Carlson explores Christianity in fifteenth-century Iraq and opens new possibilities for understanding this religiously-diverse pre-industrial society and culture. This book expands the possibilities for global Christianity and shows that 'Islamic Civilization' can't be understood through Muslim sources alone.Trade Review'This book is a masterpiece and a model. It is a masterpiece of discovery. Through meticulous use of seldom-considered texts in every language of the region, it brings alive a long-neglected section of the population of Iraq in the late middle ages - the Christians: the structure of their churches; their relations with their Muslim neighbors and rulers; their quite distinctive sense of religious community. The book is a model for future work. It offers a way to do justice to the unsuspected diversity of the Middle East. All too often presented to us as a monolithic, Islamic region, the creativity of medieval Iraq and elsewhere arises, in fact, from the continued juxtaposition of new and ancient faiths in what had remained, since ancient times, an ever-fertile and variegated 'cradle of civilization'.' Peter Brown, Professor Emeritus of History at Princeton University, New Jersey'Professor Carlson's study deals with a major Christian community, the Church of the East, during a deeply troubled and sometimes chaotic period in its core territory of northern Iraq. His important contribution is to show how a politically powerless Church was able to forge a strong and resilient communal identity among its members by drawing on its resources of doctrine, liturgy, and an ecclesiastical organization that reached deep into society.' R. Stephen Humphreys, Professor emeritus, University of California, Santa Barbara'In this wonderful study, Carlson illuminates the hitherto overlooked history of East Christian communities in Iraq before the rise of the Ottoman Empire. Basing his analyzes of community dynamics on a wide array of sources, Carlson's work will provide scholars with much-needed new information and a fresh perspective on a critical moment of transition in Middle Eastern history.' Sergio La Porta, California State University'Thomas A. Carlson has used his formidable linguistic skills to marshal a truly impressive and disparate set of sources and recreate a world about which little was known. But this is much more than an expert piece of detective work and fascinating historical reconstruction: it contains a profound message for how we think about both Christianity and the Middle East.' Jack B. Tannous, Princeton University, New JerseyTable of ContentsIntroduction; 1. Coming into focus: the world of fifteenth-century Iraq and al-Jazīra; 2. Muslim lords and their Christian flocks; 3. Living with suspicious neighbors in a violent world; 4. Interlude: concepts of communities; 5. Bridges and barriers of doctrine; 6. Practical theology in a dangerous time; 7. Rituals: the texture of belonging; 8. Desperate measures: the changing ecclesiastical hierarchy; 9. The power of the past: communal history for present needs; Conclusion; Appendix A. Glossary; Appendix B. Lists of rulers and patriarchs; Appendix C. The patriarchal succession of the Church of the East; Appendix D. Dating the ritual for reception of heretics.

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Book SynopsisIn this book, Cavan W. Concannon explores the growth and development of Christianity in the second century. He focuses on Dionysios of Corinth, an early Christian bishop who worked to build a network of churches along trade routes in the eastern Mediterranean. Using archaeological evidence, and analysing Dionysios'' fragmentary letter collection, Concannon shows how various networks and collectives assembled together, and how various Christianities emerged and coexisted as a result of tenuous and shifting networks. Dionysios'' story also overlaps with key early Christian debates, notably issues of celibacy, marriage, re-admission of sinners, Roman persecution, and the economic and political interdependence of churches, which are also explored in this study. Concannon''s volume thus offers new insights into a fluid, emergent Christianity at a pivotal moment of its evolution.Trade Review'Deftly employing a variety of investigative strategies and cutting-edge resources, Cavan W. Concannon in this insightful study not only provides the most comprehensive analysis ever written of the enigmatic bishop Dionysios of Corinth but also uses him as a window to illumine the second-century-CE world in all of its manifold cultural and theological complexity.' John T. Fitzgerald, University of Notre Dame, Indiana'Assembling Early Christianity will become the standard study of Dionysios of Corinth for the foreseeable future. Cavan W. Concannon ably illuminates the evidence by providing extremely erudite contextual analysis, while also making use of imaginative historical reconstruction in a way that is judicious and balanced. Furthermore, he proposes an innovative and theoretically astute historiographical model for approaching earliest Christianity in all of its complexity and variety.' Benjamin H. Dunning, Fordham University, New York'Concannon's use of connectivity and assemblage is a model for scholars who hope to eradicate the binaries, labels, and categories that have stagnated and misdirected the field of early Christian studies. But that minor key of dissolution also tantalized me, embracing disintegrated relationships and faded traces as phenomena that demand attention. The life of the historian is a reckoning with estrangement. Concannon shows how disintegration and traces are themselves points of connection between the past and the desirous historian.' Sarah F. Porter, Ancient Jew ReviewTable of Contents1. Connecting Dionysios: connectivity and early Christian difference; 2. Placing Dionysios: Corinth in the second century; 3. Defining Dionysios: ecclesial politics and second-century Christianity; 4. Debating Dionysios: sexual politics and second-century Christianity; 5. Conjuring crisis: plague, famine, and grief in Corinth; 6. Responding to Rome: patronage, kinship diplomacy, and Dionysios' letter to the Romans; Conclusion: after Dionysios: collecting, linking, and forgetting early Christian networks; Appendix A: the fragments of Dionysios.

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Book SynopsisThe relationship between literature and religion in German is unique in the European tradition. It is essential to the definition of German, Austrian and Swiss cultural identity in both the Protestant and Catholic traditions, and is crucial to our understanding of what has been called the ''special path'' of German intellectual life. Offering in-depth essays by leading scholars, Literature and Religion in the German-Speaking World analyses this relationship from the beginnings of vernacular literature in German, via the Reformation, early-modern and Enlightenment periods, to the present day. It shows how such fundamental concepts as ''subjectivity'', ''identity'' and ''modernity'' itself arise from the interrelation between religious and secular modes of understanding, and how this interrelation is inseparable from its expression in literature.Trade Review'… an exceptional contribution to studies on literature and religion in the German-speaking world. It provides an over-view of 800 years of cultural history …' Jadwiga Kita-Huber, MonatshefteTable of ContentsIntroduction: literature and religion in the German-speaking world, 1200 to the present Ian Cooper and John Walker; 1. Pagan, Christian, secular: German writing until 1450 Almut Suerbaum; 2. Literature and religion in the Holy Roman Empire, 1450–1700 Helen Watanabe-O'Kelly; 3. German literature and religion, 1700–1770: the shock and normalization of the infinite John H. Smith; 4. Literature and religion in Germany, 1770–1830 Ian Cooper; 5. Culture, society and secularization: literature and religion in the German-speaking world, 1830–1900 John Walker; 6. Religion in German modernism, 1900–1945 Carolin Duttlinger; 7. German literature and religion, 1945 to the present day Daniel Weidner; Index.

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Book SynopsisThis masterful work on Kant''s Religion within the Boundaries of Mere Reason explores Kant''s treatment of the Idea of God, his views concerning evil, and the moral grounds for faith in God. Kant and Religion works to deepen our understanding of religion''s place and meaning within the history of human culture, touching on Kant''s philosophical stance regarding theoretical, moral, political, and religious matters. Wood''s breadth of knowledge of Kant''s corpus, philosophical sharpness, and depth of reflection sheds light not only on Kant, but also on the fate of religion and its relation to philosophy in the modern world.Trade Review'In this penetrating study, Wood argues that Kant affirms neither traditional theism nor atheism. Rather, Kant interprets the central ideas of Christianity as invaluable symbols of the foundation of morality: that human beings are radically free, that because of their freedom they are capable of evil, but are equally free to undertake a lifelong 'change of heart,' working unremittingly to put morality ahead of self-love. Wood has written a masterpiece.' Paul Guyer, Brown University'Very few scholars are able to write the definitive work in a subject area when they are in their 20's. Even fewer have the chance to do it again 50 years later. This book shows us where the author's views have changed and evolved since Kant's Moral Religion (1970), and also – as importantly – where they have stayed the same. Like their namesake, Kantians tend to age well; this book is vintage Allen Wood.' Andrew Chignell, Princeton University'Kant and Religion, by its topic's foremost living scholar, presents the upshot of Wood's half a century of ground-breaking research on Kant's engagement with religion, not merely as a topic in metaphysics, but as a major factor in the social and individual dimensions of a moral life. Organized around Kant's Religion within the Boundaries of Mere Reason, this book deals insightfully with all three of Kant's Critiques and the major ethical works of his final years. This lively, accessible book combines Wood's engaging passion for his subject with carefully balanced judgment.' Robert Merrihew Adams, Rutgers University'… an original and exciting contribution to the literature on Kant's understanding of religion.' Jacqueline Mariña, Journal of the History of Philosophy'Wood's writing is … snappy, self-assured, and entertainingly bold …' Jessica Tizzard, Journal of the American Academy of ReligionTable of Contents1. Religion and reason; 2. Moral faith in God; 3. The radical evil in human nature; 4. The change of heart; 5. The son of God; 6. Grace and salvation; 7. The ethical community and the Church; 8. Freedom of conscience; Concluding remarks.

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Book SynopsisArgues that Augustine's dialogues betray a sophisticated pedagogical method combining strategies for 'un-learning' and self-reflection with a willingness to proceed via provisional answers. By shifting the focus from doctrinal content to questions of method, it seeks to reframe scholarly discussions of Augustine's earliest surviving body of works.Table of ContentsIntroduction: back to the drawing board; 1. The pursuit of wisdom: Contra Academicos; 2. From Plato to Augustine; 3. The measure of happiness: De beata vita; 4. God's classroom: De ordine and De Musica; 5. An advanced course: Soliloquia + De immortalitate animae; 6. Philosophy and kathartic virtue: De quantitate animae; 7. Piety, pride and the problem of evil: De libero arbitrio; Conclusion: Augustine and the academy today.

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Book SynopsisPost-war British culture was initially dominated by religious-led sexual austerity and, from the sixties, by secular liberalism. Using five case studies of local licensing and a sixth on the BBC, conservative Christians are exposed here as the nation''s censors, fighting effectively for purity on stage, screen and in public places. The Anglican-led Public Morality Council was astonishingly successful in restraining sex in London''s media in the fifties, but a brazen sexualised culture thrived amongst the millions of tourists to Blackpool, whilst Glasgow and the Isle of Lewis were gripped by conservatism. But come the late 1960s, tourists took Blackpool''s sexual liberalism home, whilst progressive Humanism burrowed into Parliament and the BBC to secularise moral reform and the national narrative. Using extensive archival research, Callum G. Brown adopts a secular gaze to show how conservative Christians lost the battle for the nation''s moral culture.Trade Review'Grounded in meticulous archival research, Callum G. Brown's insightful historical explication is a vital contribution to understanding the how and why of contemporary non-religion. Brown expertly demonstrates why it is important for all of us interested in non-religion to pay careful attention to the historical forces that shape the present.' Lori G. Beaman, University of Ottawa'A fascinating examination of how the resurgent religious culture of 1950s Britain was undermined by the intellectual, political and social shifts of the 1960s and 1970s. Deeply researched, and written with the author's customary verve, Brown's regional approach offers an important challenge to London-centric narratives of permissiveness.' Adrian Bingham, University of Sheffield'This work admirably illuminates both the miasmatic conservative Christian moral vigilantism that pervasively afflicted the 'long 1950s', and its collapse. It makes a powerful case for looking beyond narratives that centre London and 'the establishment' to explore regional differences and localised initiatives in social change.' Lesley Hall, author of Sex, Gender and Social Change in Britain since 1880'This rollicking survey of the defeat of a formidable Christian social, cultural and moral hegemony by sex, drugs, rock and roll and TV satire fundamentally reappraises religious change in Sixties Britain. A daring and devastating sortie on the scholarly consensus.' Alana Harris, King's College London'For twenty years Brown has set the international agenda for histories of secularisation. He now breaks new ground by highlighting the rising influence of Humanists in the 1960s and 70s, through campaigning and especially through television. Well-researched, forcefully argued and highly readable, the book will stimulate a lively debate.' Hugh McLeod, University of Birmingham'Brown's work is a meticulously researched meditation on the entanglements between sex and religion … this book will provoke lively debate among historians of modern Britain.' David Geiringer, Journal of British Studies'… The battle for Christian Britain makes a valuable contribution to questioning and rethinking the ways in which historians research and write about the religious and sexual transformations of the period. Its most significant contribution is likely to be in provoking further discussion and debate on these issues.' Laura Ramsay, Journal of Ecclesiastical HistoryTable of ContentsPart I. The Battle in Context: 1. Introduction; Part II. The Heyday of Christian Vigilance 1945–1965: 2. Moral vigilance; 3. Licensing at the front line: London and Blackpool; 4. Licensing in the provinces: Sheffield, Glasgow and Lewis; 5. Battle at the Beeb part I; Part III. The Sixties Crisis and its Legacy, 1965–1980: 6. The privatisation of moral vigilance; 7. The sixties liberalisation of licensing; 8. The Humanist challenge; 9. Battle at the Beeb part II; Part IV. Conclusion: 10. The birth of civilised Britain.

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Book SynopsisThis Companion provides a comprehensive overview of American Catholicism''s historical development and distinctive features. The essays - all specially commissioned for this volume - highlight the inner diversity of American Catholicism and trace the impact of American Catholics on all aspects of society, including education, social welfare, politics, and intellectual life. The volume also addresses topics of contemporary concern, such as gender and sexuality, arts and culture, social activism, and the experiences of Black, Latinx, Asian-American, and cultural Catholics. Taken together, the essays in this Companion provide context for understanding American Catholicism as it is currently experienced, and help to situate present-day developments and debates within their longer trajectory.Trade Review'… an outstanding overview of the US's distinctive Catholic history … Recommended.' R. A. Boisclair, Choice ConnectTable of ContentsPart I. Historical Overview: 1. American Catholicism's early foundations Maura Jane Farrelly; 2. The immigrant church, 1820-1908 Steven M. Avella; 3. The Catholic century James M. O'Toole; Part II. Catholic Life and Culture: 4. Catholic worship Katharine E. Harmon; 5. Catholic intellectual life William L. Portier; 6. Catholic education James T. Carroll; 7. Social welfare and social reform Mary Elizabeth Brown; 8. Women religious Mary Beth Fraser Connolly; 9. Catholics and politics Lawrence J. McAndrews; 10. Arts and culture Debra Campbell; 11. Anti-Catholicism in the United States Mark Massa, SJ; 12. Gender and sexuality James P. McCartin; 13. American Catholics in a global context Angelyn Dries; Part III. Many Faces of Catholicism: 14. American Catholic laywomen and feminism Paula M. Kane; 15. Black Catholics Cecilia A. Moore; 16. Latinx Catholicism Lauren Guerra and Brett C. Hoover; 17. Asian American Catholics Robert E. Carbonneau; 18. Cultural Catholicism Tom Beaudoin; Conclusion: 19. US Catholicism in the twenty-first century Mary L. Gautier.

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Book SynopsisThese accessible translations of papal documents from Late Antiquity offer a new understanding of attitudes towards key religious issues within canon law. Most papal documents were responses to questions from bishops, and not initiated from Rome. Papal Jurisprudence, c.400 reveals what bishops were asking, and why the replies mattered.Trade Review'The history of the papacy in the early Middle Ages is plagued with conflicting scholarly interpretations of its role, importance, and doctrines. David L. d'Avray has written a masterfully lucid analysis of the first papal letters, papal authority and institutions, and the problems the bishops of Rome faced as they strove to create a universal set of norms for the church.' Ken Pennington, Catholic University of America'It is a superb book.' Kenneth Pennington, Speculum: A Journal of Medieval Studies'­… d'Avray's book provides important insights for scholars and students of the medieval Church. It shows the importance of the fifth century as a formative period, when papal jurisprudence took shape as the result of the exchange of letters between popes and bishops.' Barbara Bombi, English Historical ReviewTable of ContentsAcknowledgements; Abbreviations; Manuscript sigla; 1. Introduction; 2. State of research: Caspar and after; 3. Texts and manuscripts; 4. Rituals and liturgy; 5. Status hierarchy; 6. Hierarchy of authority; 7. Celibacy; 8. 'Bigamy'; 9. Marriage; 10. Monks and the secular clergy; 11. Heretics: Novatians, Bonosians, and Photinians; 12. Heretics: in the shadow of St Augustine; 13. Penance; Epilogue; Bibliography; Index.

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Book SynopsisThis book explores how the Virgin Mary''s life is told in hymns, sermons, icons, art, and other media in the Byzantine Empire before AD 1204. A group of international specialists examines material and textual evidence from both Byzantine and Muslim-ruled territories that was intended for a variety of settings and audiences and seeks to explain why Byzantine artisans and writers chose to tell stories about Mary, the Mother of God, in such different ways. Sometimes the variation reflected the theological or narrative purposes of story-tellers; sometimes it expressed their personal spiritual preoccupations. Above all, the variety of aspects that this holy figure assumed in Byzantium reveals her paradoxical theological position as meeting-place and mediator between the divine and created realms. Narrative, whether ''historical'', theological, or purely literary, thus played a fundamental role in the development of the Marian cult from Late Antiquity onward.Table of ContentsIntroduction Thomas Arentzen and Mary B. Cunningham; Part I. Telling Visual Stories: The Virgin Mary in Art: 1. Embodied word: telling the story of Mary in early Christian art Maria Lidova; 2. Female devotion and Mary's motherhood before iconoclasm Andrea Olsen Lam; 3. The theological substance of St Anne's motherhood in Byzantine homilies and art Eirini Panou; 4. Krater of nectar and altar of the Bread of Life: the Theotokos as provider of the Eucharist in Byzantine culture Maria Evangelatou; 5. The Virgin at Daphni Leslie Brubaker; Part II. Song and Celebration: Festal Hymnography on the Theotokos: 6. The dialogue of Annunciation: Germanos of Constantinople versus Romanos the Melode Thomas Arentzen; 7. Singing Mary: the Annunciation and Nativity in Romanos the Melode Georgia Frank; 8. Mary and Adam on the threshold of Lent: counterpoint and intercession in a Kanon for Cheesefare Sunday Derek Krueger; 9. The spiritual and material temple: Byzantine Kanon poetry for the Feast of the Entrance Damaskinos Olkinuora; Part III. Preaching Her Story: Narrative Discourse in Homiletics: 10. The Coptic homily on the Theotokos attributed to Cyril of Jerusalem: an aberrant and apologetic 'life' of the Virgin from Late Antiquity Stephen J. Shoemaker; 11. Mary as 'scala caelestis' in eighth- and ninth-century Italy Francesca Dell'Acqua; 12. Christological and ecclesiological narratives in early eighth-century Greek homilies on the Theotokos Evgenios Iverites; 13. The homilies of James of Kokkinobaphos in their twelfth-century context Elizabeth Jeffreys; Part IV. New Narratives in the Middle Byzantine Period: Marian Hagiography: 14. The life of the Theotokos by Epiphanios of Kallistratos: a monastic approach to an apocryphal story Mary B. Cunningham; 15. The story of an edition: Antoine Wenger and John Geometres' Life of the Virgin Mary Maximos Constas; Afterword Susan Ashbrook Harvey.

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Book SynopsisFar from being solely an academic enterprise, the practice of theology can pique the interest of anyone who wonders about the meaning of life. This introduction to Christian theology exploring its basic concepts, confessional content, and history emphasizes the relevance of the key convictions of Christian faith to the challenges of today''s world. Part I introduces the project of Christian theology and sketches the critical context that confronts Christian thought and practice today. Part II offers a survey of the key doctrinal themes of Christian theology, including revelation, the triune God, and the world as creation, identifying their biblical basis and the highlights of their historical development before giving a systematic evaluation of each theme. Part III provides an overview of Christian theology from the early church to the present. Thoroughly revised and updated, the second edition ofAn Introduction to Christian Theology includes a range of new visual and pedagogical feaTable of ContentsPart I. Introduction to Theology: 1. What is theology?; 2. The critical context of theology today; Part II. Key Themes of Christian Theology: 3. Revelation and knowledge of God; 4. A tale of two theisms; 5. The triune God; 6. The world as creation; 7. Humanity in the image of God and the disfigurement of sin; 8. The problem of evil and the question of theodicy; 9. The identity and person of Jesus Christ; 10. The reconciling work of Jesus Christ; 11. The person and work of the Holy Spirit; 12. Dimensions of salvation; 13. The church and its mission; 14. Christianity in a global context; 15. Hope and the future; Part III. Historical Survey of Christian Theology: 16. Theology in the patristic era (c. 100–500); 17. Theology in the middle ages (c. 500–1400); 18. Theology in the Reformation period (c. 1400–1700); 19. Theology in modernity (c. 1700–1960); 20. Theology in the contemporary period (c. 1960–present).

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Book SynopsisJohn Calvin in Context offers a comprehensive overview of Calvin''s world. Including essays from social, cultural, feminist, and intellectual historians, each specially commissioned for this volume, the book considers the various early modern contexts in which Calvin worked and wrote. It captures his concerns for Northern humanism, his deep involvement in the politics of Geneva, his relationships with contemporaries, and the polemic necessities of responding to developments in Rome and other Protestant sects, notably Lutheran and Anabaptist. The volume also explores Calvin''s tasks as a pastor and doctor of the church, who was constantly explicating the text of scripture and applying it to the context of sixteenth-century Geneva, as well as the reception of his role in the Reformation and beyond.Demonstrating the complexity of the world in which Calvin lived, John Calvin in Context serves as an essential research tool for scholars and students of early modern Europe.Trade Review'The clarity and economy of the essays will prove useful to instructors introducing students to Calvin and his world, and to more advanced students seeking a clear overview of an aspect of Calvin's thought and career.' J. Harrie, Choice'The purpose of R. Ward Holder's splendid handbook … is not to justify the ways of Calvin to men. And yet it may partly achieve that, since its mission is to explain him: to look at his myriad contexts, social, political, theological, and more.' Alec Ryrie, Church Times'The volume is brought to a masterful conclusion by a forty-eighth chapter that surveys the fortunes of Calvinism in the twentieth and twenty-first centuries … each chapter was excellent in its own right … if one must choose only one, let it be Calvin in Context.' Kenneth J. Stewart, Calvin Theological Journal'The expert guidance provided by authors on such a wide range of topics in this admirable collection also highlights possibilities for further research. All contributions to this volume are supported by short reading lists to assist in that endeavour.' Graeme Murdock, The Journal of Ecclesiastical HistoryTable of ContentsIntroduction. John Calvin in context R. Ward Holder; Part I. France and its Influence: 1. John Calvin's life G. Sujin Pak; 2. French Christianity in the early 1500s Raymond A. Mentzer; 3. The University of Paris during Calvin's life Greta Grace Kroeker; 4. French humanism Olivier Millet; 5. French religious politics Jonathan Reid; 6. The French wars of religion Diane Margolf; Part II. Switzerland, Southern Germany, and Geneva: 7. The Swiss Confederation in the age of John Calvin Bruce Gordon; 8. Strasbourg in the sixteenth century Steven Tyra; 9. Geneva and its protectors Charles Parker; 10. Daily life in Geneva Jill Fehleison; 11. Reforming the city-state: government in Geneva William Naphy; 12. Consistories and discipline Jeffrey Watt; 13. Reformed education and the Genevan Academy Karin Maag; 14. Worship, pastorale, and diaconate in early modern life Elsie A. McKee; Part III. Empire and Society: 15. The politics of the emperors Ute Lotz-Heumann; 16. Judaism in Europe during the late Middle Ages and Renaissance David Price; 17. Refugees Jesse Sponholz; 18. Calvin and women Elizabeth A. Lehfeldt; Part IV. The Religious Question: 19. Western ideals of religious reform Brad Gregory; 20. The Luther affair David M. Whitford; 21. Religious colloquies Ronald Rittgers; 22. The Council of Trent and the Augsburg Interirm Kathleen Comerford; 23. Biblical scholarship Jon Balserak; 24. The printed word Andrew Pettegree; 25. Polemic's purpose Amanda Eurich; 26. The style of theology: editions of the institutes Randall Zachman; 27. Baptism Karen E. Spierling; 28. The Eucharist Amy Nelson Burnett; 29. Predestination in early modern thought Charles Raith, III; 30. The challenge of heresy: Servetus and Stancaro Arnold Huijgen; 31. Idolatry Carlos M. N. Eire; 32. Trinitarian controversies Rebecca Giselbrecht; 33. Nicodemism and libertinism Kenneth Woo; Part V. Calvin's Influences: 34. Calvin and Luther Christopher Boyd Brown; 35. Calvin and Melanchthon Timothy Orr; 36. Calvin and the Swiss and South German evangelicals Peter Opitz; 37. Calvin's friends: Farel, Viret, and Beza Michael Bruening; 38. Calvin's critics: Bolsec and Castellio Kirk Essary; 39. Calvin's Lutheran critics Esther Chung-Kim; 40. Calvin's Catholic critics Ralph Keen; 41. Calvin and the Anabaptists Mirjam van Veen; Part VI. Calvin's Reception: Our Context: 42. International Calvinism Mack Holt; 43. Calvin legends: hagiography and demonology Jennifer Powell McNutt; 44. Calvin in the British Isles and the colonies Crawford Gribben; 45. Calvin in the Netherlands and the Dutch Atlantic world Christine Kooi; 46. Calvin in Asia Yudha Thianto; 47. Calvin's theoretical legacy in the seventeenth-nineteenth centuries Keith Stanglin; 48. Calvin's fortunes in the twentieth century Bruce Gordon; Conclusion. Calvin and Calvinism R. Ward Holder.

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Book SynopsisPost 1857, colonial India witnessed the emergence of numerous new forms of Muslim identities, some emerging as new Islamic 'sects' (maslaks), and others based on educational priorities. This book critically examines, how a feeling of utter humiliation - zillat - acted as an agentive force allowing Muslims to remake their many identities.Table of ContentsPreface: The Making of this Book; Introduction; 1. Who is a Muslim?: Identities of Exclusion; 2. Zillat, apne hathoṅ se; 3. Main majbūr hu'ā: Print Matters; 4. Performativity, and Orality in Print; Conclusions; Bibliography; Index

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Book SynopsisTracing the Gospel text from script to illustration to recitation, this study looks at how illuminated manuscripts operated within ritual and architecture. Focusing on a group of richly illuminated lectionaries from the late eleventh century, the book articulates how the process of textual recitation produced marginalia and miniatures that reflected and subverted the manner in which the Gospel was read and simultaneously imagined by readers and listeners alike. This unique approach to manuscript illumination points to images that slowly unfolded in the mind of its listeners as they imagined the text being recited, as meaning carefully changed and built as the text proceeded. By examining this process within specific acoustic architectural spaces and the sonic conditions of medieval chant, the volume brings together the concerns of sound studies, liturgical studies, and art history to demonstrate how images, texts, and recitations played with the environment of the Middle Byzantine church.Table of ContentsIntroduction; Part I. The Lectionary: Image and Text: 1. Beginnings and Initials: Text, Image, and Sound; 2. Miniatures and Marginalia: A Visual Grammar and Syntax; 3. Faltering Images: Iconography between Reading, Error, and Confusion; Part II. The Liturgy: Sound and Architecture: 4. The Reading of the Lectionary: Recitation, Inspiration, and Embodiment; 5. The Sound of the Lectionary: Chant, Architecture, and Salvation; 6. Polyvalent Images: Iconography between Image, Space, and Sound; Epilogue.

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Book SynopsisThe Roman sanctuary at Bath has long been used in scholarship as an example par excellence of religious and artistic syncretisms in Roman Britain. With its monumental temple, baths, and hot springs, its status as one of the most significant Roman sites in the province is unquestioned. But our academic narratives about Roman Bath are also rooted in the narratives of our more recent past. This book begins by exploring how Georgian and Victorian antiquaries developed our modern story of a healing sanctuary at Roman Bath. It shows that a curative function for the sanctuary is in fact unsupported by the archaeological evidence. It then retells the story of Roman Bath by focusing on three interlinked aspects: the entanglement of the sanctuary with Roman imperialism, the role of the hot springs in the lives of worshipers, and Bath''s place within the wider world of the western Roman Empire.Table of Contents1. Discovering Roman Bath; 2. From Bath to Aquae Sulis; 3. Experiencing Roman Bath; 4. Aquae Sulis and empire; 5. Water from the Earth; 6. The local writ large; Conclusion: from Aquae Sulis to Bath.

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Book SynopsisThe nature and reliability of the ancient sources are among the most important issues in the scholarship on the Dead Sea Scrolls. It is noteworthy, therefore, that scholars have grown increasingly skeptical about the value of these materials for reconstructing the life of the Teacher of Righteousness. Travis B. Williams'' study is designed to address this new perspective and its implications for historical inquiry. He offers an important corrective to popular conceptions of history and memory by introducing memory theory as a means of informing historical investigation. Charting a new methodological course in Dead Sea Scrolls research, Williams reveals that properly representing the past requires an explanation of how the mnemonic evidence found in the relevant sources could have developed from a historical progression that began with the Teacher. His book represents the first attempt in Dead Sea Scrolls scholarship to integrate history and memory in a comprehensive way.Trade Review'Williams provides a welcome advancement of my own and others' past work on the Teacher.' Jutta Jokiranta, Dead Sea Discoveries'… this more sustained application of memory theory to the scrolls is a welcome undertaking which certainly invites further discussion.' Matthew A. Collins, Religious Studies ReviewTable of Contents1. Introduction; Part I. Methodological Considerations: 2. A theoretical approach toward history; 3. A mnemonic approach toward history; Part II. The Circumstances of Memory: 4. Dating the teacher and the sources; 5. The availability of memory carriers; 6. Memory and the impact of sources materials; 7. The teacher of righteousness in ancient media; Part III. The Processes of Memory: 8. The cognitive origins of memory: scripturalizing the life of the teacher; 9. From cognitive perceptions to community traditions: the formation of collective memory; 10. Tracing the development of memory: the transmission of the teacher tradition; 11. Evaluating the potential for change: the malleability and persistence of the teacher tradition; Appendix 1: the historical value of attributed authorship; Appendix 2: the life of the teacher as an interpretive frame; Appendix 3: the instructions of the teacher.

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Book SynopsisThe aesthetics of everyday life, as reflected in art museums and galleries throughout the western world, is the result of a profound shift in aesthetic perception that occurred during the Renaissance and Reformation. In this book, William A. Dyrness examines intellectual developments in late Medieval Europe, which turned attention away from a narrow range liturgical art and practices and towards a celebration of God''s presence in creation and in history. Though threatened by the human tendency to self-assertion, he shows how a new focus on God''s creative and recreative action in the world gave time and history a new seriousness, and engendered a broad spectrum of aesthetic potential. Focusing in particular on the writings of Luther and Calvin, Dyrness demonstrates how the reformers'' conceptual and theological frameworks pertaining to the role of the arts influenced the rise of realistic theater, lyric poetry, landscape painting, and architecture in the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries.Trade Review'… the book is loaded with excellent references … [This book] … an invaluable resource for theologians, church historians, art historians, cultural critics, and liturgical scholars.' Michael N. Jagessar, Canadian Journal of Netherlandic StudiesTable of Contents1. Introduction: the medieval context of the Reformation; 2. Like and presence in Holbein, Luther and Cranach; 3. John Calvin: creation, drama and time; 4. Calvin, language and the rise of literary culture; 5. Portraits and dramatic culture in sixteenth century England; 6. The emerging aesthetics of early modern England: a new world with echoes of the past; 7. The new visual culture of reformed Holland and France; 8. Epilogue: the cultural afterlife of Protestant aesthetics.

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Book SynopsisHistorians of the English legal profession have written comparatively little about the lawyers who served in the courts of the Church. This volume fills a gap; it investigates the law by which they were governed and discusses their careers in legal practice. Using sources drawn from the Roman and canon laws and also from manuscripts found in local archives, R. H. Helmholz brings together previously published work and new evidence about the professional careers of these men. His book covers the careers of many lesser known ecclesiastical lawyers, dealing with their education in law, their reaction to the coming of the Reformation, and their relationship with English common lawyers on the eve of the Civil War. Making connections with the European ius commune, this volume will be of special interest to English and Continental legal historians, as well as to students of the relationship between law and religion.Trade Review'This valuable book by one of our most eminent legal historians is the product of fifty years engagement with the history of the Church courts in England. It not only provides new insights into the careers of eighteen very different ecclesiastical lawyers over seven centuries but also (in the first half) prepares the way with an accessible and authoritative history of their profession.' John H. Baker, Downing Professor Emeritus of the Laws of England, University of Cambridge'The Profession of Ecclesiastical Lawyers: An Historical Introduction is an important contribution to the literature on the history of the legal profession by the leading scholar of canon law. It combines a thorough and insightful analysis of the development, education, and regulation of a somewhat neglected segment of the English legal profession with a view of the profession through the activities of its practitioners.' Jonathan Rose, Willard H. Pedrick Distinguished Research Scholar Emeritus, Arizona State University'No one knows the history of ecclesiastical law in the British Isles better than R. H. Helmholz. This volume provides a unique and authoritative overview of the training and practice of English ecclesiastical lawyers, together with biographical portraits of some twenty leading practitioners brought to life with skill and energy. Drenched with fresh and fascinating insights, this is a mighty work of scholarship.' Mark Hill, Inner Temple, London'The Profession of Ecclesiastical Lawyers is an illuminating work from one of the leading historians of canon law, and it has value for both a specialist and a general audience.' Jennifer McNabb, Reviews in HistoryTable of ContentsPart I. The Profession Described: Introduction; 1. Law of the legal profession: advocates and proctors; 2. The education of ecclesiastical lawyers; 3. Ecclesiastical lawyers and the Protestant Reformation; 4. English ecclesiastical lawyers and the courts before the coming of the Civil War; Part II. The Profession Illustrated: 5. Roger of Worcester (d. 1179); 6. Gilbert Foliot (d. 1187); 7. William of Drogheda (d. 1245); 8. John de Burgh (d. 1398); 9. Adam Usk (d. 1430); 10. Richard Rudhale (d. 1476); 11. Daniel Dun (d. 1617); 12. Clement Colmore (d. 1619); 13. Arthur Duck (d. 1648); 14. William Somner (d. 1669); 15. Richard Zouche (d. 1661); 16. Leoline Jenkins (d. 1685); 17. Hugh Davis (d. 1694); 18. George Lee (d. 1758); 19. Thomas Bever (d. 1791); 20. Francis Dickins (d. 1755); 21. Arthur Browne (d. 1805); 22. Henry Charles Coote (d. 1865).

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Book SynopsisThe two-volume Cambridge History of Atheism offers an authoritative and up to date account of a subject of contemporary interest. Comprised of sixty essays by an international team of scholars, this History is comprehensive in scope. The essays are written from a variety of disciplinary perspectives, including religious studies, philosophy, sociology, and classics. Offering a global overview of the subject, from antiquity to the present, the volumes examine the phenomenon of unbelief in the context of Christian, Islamic, Buddhist, Hindu, and Jewish societies. They explore atheism and the early modern Scientific Revolution, as well as the development of Charles Darwin's theory of evolution and its continuing implications. The History also includes general survey essays on the impact of scepticism, agnosticism and atheism, as well as contemporary assessments of thinking. Providing essential information on the nature and history of atheism, The Cambridge History of Atheism will be indispe

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Book SynopsisUp to its pillage by the Crusaders in 1204, Constantinople teemed with magnificent statues of emperors, pagan gods, and mythical beasts. Yet the significance of this wealth of public sculpture has hardly been acknowledged beyond late antiquity. In this book, Paroma Chatterjee offers a new perspective on the topic, arguing that pagan statues were an integral part of Byzantine visual culture. Examining the evidence in patriographies, chronicles, novels, and epigrams, she demonstrates that the statues were admired for three specific qualities - longevity, mimesis, and prophecy; attributes that rendered them outside of imperial control and endowed them with an enduring charisma sometimes rivaling that of holy icons. Chatterjee''s interpretations refine our conceptions of imperial imagery, the Hippodrome, the Macedonian Renaissance, a corpus of secular objects, and Orthodox icons. Her book offers novel insights into Iconoclasm and proposes a more truncated trajectory of the holy icon in medTrade Review'This is an exceptional book which effectively establishes the statue as an intellectual category to think with in the Byzantine world. … The book is a remarkable achievement.' Jas Elsner, University of OxfordTable of Contents1. The Byzantine Statue: Problems and Questions; 2. Prophecy; 3. History; 4. Mimesis; 5. Epigrams and Statues; Epilogue. The End: Manuel Chrysoloras and the Sense of the Past; Index.

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Book SynopsisBefore the late sixteenth century, the churches of Florence were internally divided by monumental screens that separated the laity in the nave from the clergy in the choir precinct. Enabling both separation and mediation, these screens were impressive artistic structures that controlled social interactions, facilitated liturgical performances, and variably framed or obscured religious ritual and imagery.In the 1560s and 70s, screens were routinely destroyed in a period of religious reforms, irreversibly transforming the function, meaning, and spatial dynamics of the church interior. In this volume, Joanne Allen explores the widespread presence of screens and their role in Florentine social and religious life prior to the Counter-Reformation. She presents unpublished documentation and new reconstructions of screens and the choir precincts which they delimited. Elucidating issues such as gender, patronage, and class, her study makes these vanished structures comprehensible and deepens our understanding of the impact of religious reform on church architecture.Trade Review'… This is an excellent, wonderfully researched, and deeply interesting book. I look forward to its publication, and am sure that it will be widely read, frequently cited, and have a major impact in the field.' Caroline Bruzelius, Duke University'There is no question that this is a major contribution and will remain an indispensable resource for a long time to come.' Marcia Hall, Temple University'Joanne Allen's book is a key contribution to a burgeoning field: study of the crucial role played by screens and choir enclosures - now almost entirely lost - in articulating the space, functioning, and furnishing of medieval and early modern churches. Allen meets the challenge of reconstructing stories of installation, relocation, and removal across several centuries. The result is a meticulous and richly illustrated study that transforms our understanding of the evolution of the Florentine church interior.' Joanna Cannon, Courtauld Institute of ArtTable of ContentsIntroduction; 1. Accessing the Italian church interior; 2. Transforming churches in fifteenth-century Florence; 3. Transforming churches in sixteenth-century Florence; 4. Community and access in the Mendicant church: Santa Maria del Carmine; 5. Patronage and place in monastic churches: Santa Trinita and San Pancrazio; 6. Gender and Ceremony in The Nuns' church: San Pier Maggiore; 7. Behavior and reform in the civic oratory: Orsanmichele; 8. Duke Cosimo I de' Medici, religious reform, and the Florentine church interior.

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Book SynopsisFrom his adventurous youth in a rough-and-tumble American West to his far-flung trek across a still mysterious Asia; from his two-decade search for the essence of life to the triumph of Dianetics and Scientology -- such is the story L. Ron Hubbard recounts in a lecture so legendary, it has been heard by millions. How could one man discover the source of human aberration and provide an actual technology by which Man could rise to greater heights of honesty, decency and personal freedom? The answer is here, in his personal account of his long journey to bring about a new state of being Man had dreamed of for over 2,500 years, a story that could only be told by the man who lived it.

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Book SynopsisThroughout its history, the Roman Catholic Church continues to have a complex and evolving relationship with the political societies and governments of our world. One of the foremost expressions of this relationship is in the form of the teachings and social and political engagements of Catholic bishops and other ordained. Despite the Churchs universalism, these manifestations of Catholic authority are mediated by local societal context and thus take on different character in different places. Chapter One intends to reconstruct, for the first time, and with the help of unpublished documents taken from the historical archive of the Conservatory, the history of this prestigious Roman institution, focusing on the innovations introduced in its educational-assistance program in the course of the late XIX century, during the Fascist period and after World War II. Chapter Two sets out to address the concept of collusion, forged by Roger Griffin and Emilio Gentile within the field of the Politic History, arguing that it needs to be adjusted to work properly in the field of the History of Religions. Chapter Three explores the relationship between ordained Catholic leadership and political society through an examination of recent political controversy in four countries: the Republic of Ireland, the Philippines, the United States, and Canada. Chapter Four examines the effects of Catholic parishes influence on church members political opinions in Hong Kong using Paul Djupe and Christopher Gilberts theory of church-centred influence on political behaviour.

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Book SynopsisBeacon Lights of History is a 14-volume set first published in 1902. This collection of John Lords lectures spans 6,000 years of European and American history. The first 12 volumes are all Lords work; the 13th was completed from his notes and the 14th is follow-ups by other authors.

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Book SynopsisBeacon Lights of History is a 14-volume set first published in 1902. This collection of John Lords lectures spans 6,000 years of European and American history. The first 12 volumes are all Lords work; the 13th was completed from his notes and the 14th is follow-ups by other authors.

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Book SynopsisBeacon Lights of History is a 14-volume set first published in 1902. This collection of John Lords lectures spans 6,000 years of European and American history. The first 12 volumes are all Lords work; the 13th was completed from his notes and the 14th is follow-ups by other authors.

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Book SynopsisBeacon Lights of History is a 14-volume set first published in 1902. This collection of John Lords lectures spans 6,000 years of European and American history. The first 12 volumes are all Lords work; the 13th was completed from his notes and the 14th is follow-ups by other authors.

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Book SynopsisBeacon Lights of History is a 14-volume set first published in 1902. This collection of John Lords lectures spans 6,000 years of European and American history. The first 12 volumes are all Lords work; the 13th was completed from his notes and the 14th is follow-ups by other authors.

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Book SynopsisIt has long seemed very desirable that a brief, comprehensive, and readable narrative of the origin of Christianity, and of its struggles and triumphs, should be prepared and adapted to the masses of the people. This narrative consists of the life and teachings of Jesus of Nazareth; the adventures of Paul and the apostles; and the most interesting events in the progress of Christianity from the earliest period to the present time.

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Book SynopsisGiovanni Battista Nicolini wrote this book hoping to convey to readers a just and correct idea of the character and aims of the brotherhood of Loyola. Previously, there was no serious and complete history of this Society.

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Book SynopsisThe Pope, the Kings and the People, by William Arthur traces the history of Vaticanism from 1864 through 1869. The sources of the information contained in this work are, 1. Official documents; 2. Histories having the sanction of the Pope or of bishops; 3. Scholastic works of the present pontificate, and of recognized authority; 4. Periodicals and journals, avowed organs of the Vatican or of its policy, with books and pamphlets by bishops and other Ultramontane writers; 5. The writings of Liberal Catholics.Table of ContentsEditors Preface; Preface; Postscript to the Preface; List of works quoted or referred to as authorities; BOOK I. FROM THE ISSUE OF THE SYLLABUS TO ITS SOLEMN CONFIRMATION, DECEMBER 1864 TO JUNE 1867 -- The First Secret Command to commence Preparations for a General Council, December 6, 1864Meeting of CongregationAll but Cardinals sent outSecret OrderEvents of the 8thSolemn AnniversaryA historical coup de soleil; The Encyclical Quanta Cura, December 8, 1864Causes of the Ruin of Modern Society: rejection of the force of the ChurchReligious EqualityPretensions of Civil Law and of Parents to Control EducationLaws of MortmainRemediesRestoration of the Authority of the ChurchConnecting Links between Encyclical and SyllabusRetrospect of Evidences that all Society was in RuinsThe Movement for Reconstruction; Foundation of a Literature of Reconstruction, Serial and ScholasticThe Civiltá Cattolica: its Views on Education and on Church and StateTarquinis Political Principles of Pope and KingMeasures Preparatory to the Syllabus; Further Measures Preparatory to the SyllabusChanges in Italy since 1846Progress of Adverse EventsA Commination of LibertiesA Second Assembly of Bishops without Parliamentary FunctionsThe Curse on ItalyOrigin of the phrase A Free Church in a Free StateProjected Universal Monarchy; The Syllabus of Errors, December 8, 1864Character of the Propositions condemnedDisabilities of the StatePowers of the Church; The Secret Memoranda of the Cardinals, February 1865; A Secret Commission to prepare for a Council, March 1865First SummonsPoints determinedReasons why Princes are not consultedPlan for the Future Council; Memoranda of Thirty-six chosen Bishops, consulted under Bond of Strictest Secrecy, April to August, 1865Doctrine of Church and StateAntagonism of History and the Embryo DogmaNuncios admitted to the SecretAnd Oriental Bishops; Interruption of Preparations for Fourteen Months, through the consequences of SadowaThe French evacuate RomeAlleged Double Dealing of Napoleon IIIThe Civiltá on St. BartholomewsChange of PlanInstead of a Council a Great DisplaySerious Complaints of Liberal Catholics; Reprimand of Darboy, Archbishop of Paris, for disputing the Ordinary and Immediate Jurisdiction of the Pope in his DioceseSent in 1864 Published in 1869; Great Gathering in Rome, June 1867Impressions and AnticipationsImprovements in the CityLouis Veuillot on the Great Future; The Political Lesson of the Gathering, namely, All are called upon to recognize in the Papal States the Model State of the WorldSurvey of those States; Solemn Confirmation of the Syllabus by the Pope before the assembled Hierarchy, and their Acquiescence, June 17, 1867. BOOK II. FROM THE FIRST PUBLIC INTIMATION OF A COUNCIL TO THE EVE OF THE OPENING, JUNE 1867 TO DECEMBER 1869 -- First Public Intimation of the intention to hold a Council, June 26 to July 1, 1867ConsistoryAcquiescence in the Syllabus of the assembled BishopsThe Canonized InquisitorQuestions and Returns preparatory to Greater CentralizationManning on the CeremoniesOConnell on the Doctrines of the PapistsThe Doctrine of Direct and Indirect Power; Six Secret Commissions preparingInterrupted by GaribaldiA Code for the Relations of the Church and Civil SocietySpecial Sitting with Pope and Antonelli to decide on the Case of PrincesTales of the CrusadersEnglish MartyrsChildren on the AltarAutumn of 1867 to June 1868; Bull of ConvocationDoctrine of the SwordThe Crusade of St. PeterIncidentsMission to the Orientals, and Overtures to Protestants in different CountriesJune 1868 to December 1868-69; Princes, Ministers, and their ConfessorsMontalemberts part in the RevivalHis Posthumous Work on SpainIndignation against the New AssumptionsDebate of Clergy in Paris on the Lawfulness of Absolving a Liberal Prince or MinisterWrath at RomeTrue Doctrines taught to Darboy and his Clergy; What is to be the Work of the CouncilFears caused by Grandiose ProjectsReform of the Church in Head and MembersStatesmen evince Concern; Agitation in Bavaria and GermanyThe Golden RoseFall of IsabellaThe King of Bavaria obtains the opinion of the FacultiesDöllingerSchwarzenbergs Remonstrance; Intention of proposing the Dogma of Infallibility intimatedBavarian Note to the Cabinets, February to April, 1869Arnim and Bismarck; IndulgencesExcitementThe Two Brothers DufournelSenestreys SpeechHopes of the Ruin of GermanyWhat the Council will doAbsurdity of Constitutional KingsThe True Saviour of SocietyLay Address from CoblenzMontalembert adheres to itReligious Liberty does not answerImportance of keeping Catholic Children apart from the NationWar on Liberal CatholicsFlags of all Nations doing Homage to that of the Pope; Publication of JanusHotter ControversyBishop Marets BookPère HyacinthThe Saviour of Society againDressTrue Doctrine of Concordats not Contracts but Papal LawsEvery Catholic State has Two HeadsFour National Governments condemned in One DayWhat a Free Church meansFulda ManifestoMeeting of Catholic Notables in BerlinPolitical Agitation in Bavaria and AustriaStumpfs Critique of the Jesuit Schemes; Conflicting Manifestoes by BishopsAttacks on BossuetDarboyDupanloup combats InfallibilityHis relations with Dr. PuseyDeschamps repliesMannings ManifestoRetort of FriedrichDiscordant Episcopal Witnesses; Diplomatic Feeling and Fencing in Rome, November 1869Cross Policies on Separation of Church and StateOllivier, Favre, De BannevilleDoctrines of French Statesmen ridiculed at RomeSpecimens of the Utterances approved at CourtForecasts of War between France and PrussiaGrowing Strength of the Movement in France for Universities Canonically Instituted; Mustering, and Preparatory StimuliPopes HospitalityAlleged Political IntentFriedrichs First NotesThe Nations cited to JudgmentNew War of the RosaryTarquinis Doctrine of the SwordA New Guardian of the CapitolNovember and December, 1869; Great Ceremony of Executive Spectacle, called a Pro-Synodal Congregation, to forestall Attempts at Self-Organization on the Part of the CouncilThe SceneThe AllocutionOfficers appointed by Royal ProclamationOath of SecrecyPapers DistributedHow the Nine had foreseen and forestalled all Questions of Self-OrganizationThe Assembly made into a Conclave, not a General CouncilCecconis Apology for the Rules; The Eve of the CouncilRejoicingsRome the Universal FatherlandVeuillots JoyProcessionsSymbolic SunbeamsThe Joy bellsThe Vision of St. AmbroseThe Disfranchisement of KingsIndex.

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Book SynopsisThis book traces the history of Vaticanism from 1864 to 1869. The sources of the information contained in this work are, 1. Official documents; 2. Histories having the sanction of the Pope or of bishops; 3. Scholastic works of the present pontificate, and of recognized authority; 4. Periodicals and journals, avowed organs of the Vatican or of its policy, with books and pamphlets by bishops and other Ultramontane writers; 5. The writings of Liberal Catholics.

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Book SynopsisThis volume is the second of two devoted to the growth of the Christian Church over the two millennia of its existence. The volumes are meant to supplement each otherâthe first as history of the development of established faith in Jesus Christ; the second as a series of articles and citations that throw deeper light on the implications of the Church''s development and beliefs. This Reader is intended to bring the themes incipient to the evolution of Christianity into closer focus. The chapters are designed to examine some of the major areas of the faith.

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Book SynopsisWhy are Muslim men portrayed as inherently violent? Does the veil violate women's rights? Is Islam stopping Muslims from integrating?Across western societies, Muslims are more misunderstood than any other minority. But what does it mean to believe in Islam today, to have forged your beliefs and identity in the shadow of 9/11 and the War on Terror? Exploding stereotypes from both inside and outside the faith, The Muslim Problem shows that while we may think we know all about Islam we are often wrong about even the most basic facts.Bold and provocative, The Muslim Problem is both a wake-up call for non-believers and a passionate new framework for Muslims to navigate a world that is often set against them.Trade ReviewI can't recommend this sober, level-headed and highly readable book too highly. It painstakingly dismantles the poisonous myths about Muslims spread in the British media and on the far right. I read it at a sitting and learnt something new from every page. * Peter Oborne, author and journalist *A thoughtful, exploratory, candid, passionate and thoroughly modern book on migration, identity, individuality, integration and faith, reflecting on what it means to be a member of the religion we both belong to. * The i *This is a remarkable, insightful, searingly honest book on how British Muslims live and feel and think, and how one can be a happy and fulfilled Muslim in a world so frequently defined by Islamicist extremists and racists. For me, a progressive Muslim, it was like finding an oasis of intelligence and truths, of hope and possibilities. * Yasmin Alibhai-Brown, author and journalist *Meticulously researched and thought-provoking... an utterly convincing treatise on Muslim identity... Even readers who consider themselves sympathetic and well informed should find food for thought in the depth of analysis Khan offers... the book's defining characteristics are humanity and hope. * Business Post *Timely, urgent and eloquent. An honest and well-researched exploration of how biases, stereotypes and prejudices affect identity both from within and outside the Muslim community. * Pragya Agarwal, author of Sway: Unravelling Unconscious Bias *Powerful and disturbing. This deeply personal and forensically researched book exposes the stain of Islamophobia that has long festered in British society * Chris Atkins, Sunday Times bestselling author of A Bit of a Stretch *A vital exploration of Islamophobia. I learned so much from reading this book. Tawseef Khan has given us an insightful, intelligent and intimate discussion of issues we all need to grapple with. * Jeffrey Boakye, author of Black, Listed *A bracing and brilliant book. From women's rights to terrorism, The Muslim Problem takes apart misconceptions and shows what it's really like to be a Muslim today. By placing Islamophobia in a historical context, Khan gives powerful insights into one of the most hotly-contested and topical issues of our times. * Reza Aslan, author of No God But God *Through an eclectic and powerful mix of personal memoir and first-hand reporting, Tawseef Khan shows the unique challenges faced by British Muslims as they seek to remedy decades of fear-baiting media narratives and government policy that have negatively impacted their communities. * Hussein Kesvani, journalist *A vital and timely book for those who wish to engage more honestly with Muslims and for those Muslims struggling with their identity in 21st century Britain. * Tez Ilyas, comedian *Essential reading. The Muslim Problem is a blisteringly honest account of what it means to be a Muslim today and a much-needed corrective to prejudice. * Magid Magid, author and former Lord Mayor of Sheffield *A powerful book demystifying the Islamic experience and a must read for those wishing to expand their world view beyond stereotypes. * Asifa Lahore, Britain’s first out Muslim drag queen *Table of Contents0: Introduction 1: 'Muslims Don't Integrate' 2: 'Islam Is Violent' 3: 'Muslim Men Are Threatening' 4: 'Islam Hates Women' 5: 'Islam Is Homophobic' 6: Conclusion: The Muslim Problem

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Book SynopsisAn affectionate but meticulously researched history of one of the most beautiful and best-loved corners of England – Crosthwaite Parish, nestling deep within the mountains and valleys of the Lake District. 'A unique contribution to English history' Hunter Davies 'A delightful, refreshingly written book, attentive to social detail and telling the only story that matters – history' Simon Jenkins 'A wonderful book' Margaret Drabble 'A completely fresh perspective on the Lakes and Lake Poets... I hugely enjoyed it' Andrew Marr Bounded by the peaks of Scafell, Skiddaw and Helvellyn, and embracing such well-known landmarks as Borrowdale, Derwentwater and Keswick, it lies within the heart of the Lake Poets' landscape and its rugged terrain excites passion in all those who know it. The Parish also boasts a remarkable history. Its 90 square miles were governed, from medieval times, by eighteen annually chosen 'customary tenants'; ancestors of the people who later prompted Wordsworth's portrayal of the area as 'a perfect Republic of Shepherds and agriculturalists'. His fellow poet Robert Southey lived within the Parish for forty years, was an active parishioner and rests in St Kentigern's churchyard. Here he is given his rightful position as a Lake Poet. In the nineteenth century, the Victorian state killed off the old parish system, sweeping away the egalitarian rule of the Eighteen Men. But a degree of redemption was at hand. Canon Rawnsley, vicar of Crosthwaite from 1883, pledged to defend the Lake District for future generations. So the Parish was at the heart of the creation of the National Trust and blazed a trail for a wider movement to preserve the English landscape. Writing with a historian's rigour and bearing aloft the banner of the Lake District statesmen, Philippa Harrison has produced a magisterial and fascinating record of a parish with a unique social, cultural and aesthetic resonance in English history.Trade ReviewHas there ever been a parish history so well researched, so filled with history and literature, campaigns and causes, and so fascinating? No chance. This is a unique contribution to English history -- Hunter Davies, author of LakelandStimulating, wide-ranging and full of interest -- Angus J L Winchester, Emeritus Professor of History, Lancaster UniversityA delightful, refreshingly written book, attentive to social detail and telling the only story that matters – history -- Simon Jenkins, Chairman of the National Trust 2008-2014A completely fresh perspective on the Lakes and Lake Poets... I hugely enjoyed it' -- Andrew MarrI love Mountain Republic. Both intimate and authoritative, it is a wonderful book -- Margaret DrabbleThis remarkable chronicle introduces the reader to Christian missionaries, Anglo-Saxon and Norse invaders, Scottish royals, local gentry, the 'Eighteen Men', Romantic poets, a succession of clergy with widely and sometimes wildly diverse convictions, and the local people who shaped the land in which they were rooted as the land shaped them. With a rare combination of finely detailed erudition and engaging, elegant, page-turning prose, Philippa Harrison charts the evolution of the Lake District. Anyone who reads her narrative will be richly rewarded -- Dr John Inge, Bishop of WorcesterPhilippa's perspective as both a local and a historian provides a fascinating take * This England *[An] affectionate scholarship grounded in the Lake District parish of Crosthwaite... [An] appropriately monumental book' * Church Times *At its heart this is a history of the farming communities of the region [...] with the ability to appeal to all those attracted to the region and not just the Lake district. A very difficult book to put down, sparking interest at each turn of the page -- Chris Craghill, Cumbria Local History FederationThere must have been thousands of books written about the Lake District, but if you thought that there could be nothing left to say about it, then think again; this fascinating social history of Crosthwaite parish stopped even this Cumbrian reader and writer in her tracks... It already looks destined for a place in the Lake District literary canon -- Sue Allan, Cumbria LifeA remarkable book with great merit... A well-written work which provides a valuable chronicle of the interplay over centuries between local management and national and regional controlling institutions, which is relevant to so many local parishes and townships -- Dr Derek Denman, Wanderer, L&DFLHSAn amazing achievement. I learned such a lot from it, from the history, from the industry, from agriculture, social history, land-ownership, museums, the economy, and then whole substories which I just found fascinating: the history of the churches in the 1830s, the sewage... Tthe mass trespass on 'Skiddaw's cub' which I knew nothing about. At times it was as though our collection was being brought alive by the portraits of some often-mentioned names, and I particularly want to thank Philippa for changing and opening my eyes about Robert Southey -- Jeff Cowton, Curator and Head of Learning, Wordsworth Grasmere, The Lake Poets: Hill Farming, Mountaineering and PoliticsA big-hearted-embrace of a book, and there are riches in it for all readers ... Philippa Harrison is a gifted narrator, Mountain Republic is a great read and a treasure trove of anecdote and fact for regional historians -- Terry McCormick, Cumberland and Westmorland Antiquarian and Archaeological Society NewsThis authoritative and well-researched history is very accessible, very enjoyable and full of fascinating details... A joy to read from beginning to end * The Local Historian *

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