History of medicine Books

Book SynopsisMedicine and Healing in the Pre-Modern West traces the history of medicine and medical practice from Ancient Egypt through to the end of the Middle Ages. Featuring nearly one hundred primary documents and images, this book introduces students and scholars to the words and ideas of prominent physicians and humble healers, men and women, from across Europe and the Mediterranean Sea. Each of the ten chronological and thematic chapters is given a significant historical introduction, in which each primary source is described in its original context. Many of the included source texts are newly translated by the editor, some of them appearing in English for the first time.Key Features The first history of medicine reader to cover both Antiquity and the Middle Ages in a single volume. Nearly one hundred primary sources, including several images. Each topic and reading is accompanied by an introduction from the editor, and explanatory annotations are included throughout to clarify unfamiliar concepts. Significant coverage of Christian, Jewish, and Muslim cultures in the Middle Ages. Many of the primary sources are newly translated, some of them available in English for the first time. Trade Review“We finally have a sorely needed volume of primary sources that illustrates the breadth, depth, vibrancy, and development of premodern medical thinking. Winston Black has assembled a remarkable collection of key texts and provided clear and concise introductions that contextualize the sources and highlight their significance. Unfamiliar terms and references are conveniently explained in the margins, making the already clear translations even more readable. Any course that addresses premodern health or healing will find this coherent, expertly curated, and accessible set of sources absolutely essential.” — Frederick Gibbs, University of New Mexico“Medicine and Healing in the Premodern West is a welcome addition to the growing corpus of primary-source collections dealing with the history of science and medicine. Providing an eclectic range of numerous documents from the earliest civilizations in the Mediterranean basin through the central Middle Ages, the book can serve as a general grounding in the subject, as a supplemental text for survey courses, or as a source for further individualized research. The source texts—many of which are translated into English for the first time—come prefaced with helpful thematic overviews, and each text receives its own introduction. Medicine and Healing presents a nuanced yet manageable selection of sources; students will find it eminently fascinating.” — Christine Senecal, Shippensburg University“Winston Black has chosen an intriguing array of primary sources on themes such as religious healing, ancient Egyptian medicine, the Islamicate world, surgery, women’s medicine, and charms and magical medicine. Clear headnotes, careful definitions of technical or unfamiliar terms, and topic overviews will help undergraduates and new graduate students alike. Teaching early medicine just got easier!” — Mary Fissell, Johns Hopkins University“In Medicine and Healing in the Premodern West: A History in Documents, Black draws on his strengths as a historian of medicine and religion to provide a concise and accessible treatment of the development of the medical arts from Antiquity to the Late Medieval Period. … As it is meant as an introduction to the topic, Medicine and Healing in the Premodern West does not stray from its path and for this reason it is a welcome exemplar of what can be achieved in future contributions of introductory works on the history of science and medicine.” — Michael Lawson University of California-Berkeley, Journal of the Southern Association for the History of Medicine and ScienceTable of Contents Introduction Chronology Questions to Consider Documents 1. The Earliest Medical Writings of the Near East and Mediterranean (ca.2000-700 BCE) 1. The Kahun Gynaecological Papyrus 2. Diagnosis in Ancient Egypt: The Ebers Papyrus 3. A Babylonian Spell against Fever 4. Plague as Divine Punishment in Homer’s Iliad 5. Gods as the Source of Disease: Hesiod, Works and Days 6. Violence and Healing in Homeric Greece 2. Medicine and Healing among the Ancient Greeks (ca.500 BCE – 200 CE) Rational Medicine in the Age of Hippocrates 7. Hippocratic Corpus, Nature of Man 8. Plato on the Nature of Disease: Timaeus 9. Thucydides and the Plague of Athens, 430 BCE 10. Hippocratic Corpus, Aphorisms 11. Hippocratic Corpus, Airs, Waters, and Places 12. Case Histories the Hippocratic Epidemics Asclepius, the God of Physicians 13. The Hippocratic Oath 14. Pindar: Apollo leaves Asclepius with Chiron the Centaur 15. Celsus celebrates Asclepius as a Man 16. A Greek anatomical votive plaque 17. Aelius Aristides dreams of Asclepius 18. An Egyptian God in Greek Dress in a Hellenistic Papyrus 3. Professional Medicine in the Roman Mediterranean (ca.1-300 CE) 19. Galen, On the Medical Sects 20. Aretaeus the Cappadocian on the Difficult Case of Tetanus 21. Rufus of Ephesus, Medical Questions: Interrogation of the Patient 22. Celsus: A Healthy Regimen without Doctors 23. Dioscorides and the Science of Pharmacology 24. Galen, the Boastful Practitioner: On the Affected Places 25. Galen, On Black Bile: Praising and Rewriting Hippocrates 26. Herodian on a plague in the Roman Empire 4. Practical Medicine for the Roman Family and Home (ca.100-500 CE) 27. Varro, De re rustica: An early germ theory? 28. Vegetius, De re militari: Preserving the Health of Imperial Troops 29. The Legend of Agnodike, a Greek midwife and physician 30. Soranus of Ephesus: Instructions for Midwives 31. Cato the Elder’s Roman remedies: Cabbage, Wine, and Magic 32. Pliny the Elder’s homespun medicine: Remedies derived from Wool 33. Popular medicine in verse: Liber medicinalis 5. Distilling Classical Medicine in Late Antiquity (ca.300-700 CE) 34. Oribasius: A Galenic Diet in the Later Roman Empire 35. Anthimus to King Theoderic, On the Observance of Diet 36. A Medieval Primer in Ancient Medicine by St. Isidore of Seville 37. Medicine of Pliny for the Informed Traveler 38. The Herbarius of Apuleius Platonicus 39. Marcellus and His Empirical Handbook of Medicines 40. The Drug Theory of Paul of Aegina 6. Medical Diversity in the Early Middle Ages (ca.600-1000 CE) Monotheism and Medicine 41. The Oath of Asaph, a Jewish Physician’s Oath 42. A Christianized Hippocratic Oath 43. Medicine and Diet in the Rule of St. Benedict 44. Roman Doctors as Christian Saints: Cosmas and Damian 45. Islamic Medicine of the Prophet: Sunan Abu Duwud Early Medieval Responses to Plague and Pestilence 46. Evagrius Scholasticus on the Plague of Justinian 47. Gregory of Tours on Epidemic Disease and the Sickness of Kings 48. A Votive Mass against Pestilence Old English Medicine: Superstition or Empiricism? 49. The Nine Herbs Charm, from the Old English Lacnunga 50. Bald’s Leechbook: Herbal remedies for eye problems 51. Medical Prognostics in Anglo-Saxon England 7. The Arabic Tradition of Learned Medicine (ca.900-1400 CE) 52. An Introduction to Rational Medicine: Hunayn ibn Ishaq’s Isagoge 53. Avicenna, The Canon of Medicine 54. Avicenna on Prognosis through Urine 55. Maimonides and Galen on the Meaning of the Pulse 56. Al-Razi, Case Studies in the Spirit of Hippocrates 57. Usamah ibn Munqidh: A Muslim view of Frankish Medicine 58. Al-Razi on Diagnosis and Treatment for Smallpox and Measles 59. Pilgrim Medicine: Qust? ibn L?q? on “The Little Dragon of Medina” 60. Ancient Greeks in Later Medieval Prophetic Medicine: al-Tibb al-nabawi 8. Learned Medicine in High Medieval Europe (ca.1000-1400 CE) Humours, Complexion, and Uroscopy 61. A Clever Duke and a Cleverer Physician in the Tenth Century 62. Constantine the African, Pantegni: Understanding Complexion 63. Humoural Medicine in Verse: The Salernitan Regimen of Health 64. A Medieval Urine Wheel 65. Constantine the African with a Urine Glass Explaining Diseases 66. Diagnosing Lovesickness: Constantine the African’s Medicalized Emotions 67. Platearius on Leprosy in Theory and Practice 68. Guy de Chauliac’s personal experience with the Black Death Observation and Authority 69. Trota of Salerno as a Medical Master 70. Medical Education in High Medieval Europe (Three Accounts) 71. Licenses for Male and Female Surgeons in Medieval Naples 72. A Woman Physician on Trial in Medieval Paris, 1322 9. Medical Practice in the High Middle Ages (ca.1000-1400 CE) Herbalism and Pharmacology 73. Macer Floridus, On the Virtues of Herbs 74. Henry of Huntingdon, Herbalism in The English Garden 75. Matthaeus Platearius: Rationalizing Simple and Compound Medicines Arabic and Latin Surgery 76. Learned Surgery: Albucasis on the Treatment of Cataracts 77. Applying Medical Theory to Wound Treatment: Guy de Chauliac 78. Training and Decorum for the Learned Surgeon Medieval Obstetrics and Gynecology 79. Copho: Anatomy of the uterus, learned from a pig 80. A Brief Guide to Uroscopy of Women 81. Contraceptives in the Canon of Avicenna 82. St. Hildegard of Bingen: A Moralized Explanation of Menstruation 83. Trotula: Treating Retention of the Period in Medieval Italy 84. A Medieval Hebrew Treatise on Difficult Births 10. Medicine and the Supernatural: Competitors or Partners? (ca.1000-1400 CE) 85. A Doctor and a Saint in Early Salerno 86. The Life of Saint Milburga: Physicians and Saints, Healing Together? 87. Doctors and Miracles in the Canonization of Lady Delphine 88. Medieval Jewish Magical Medicine 89. Medieval Christian Healing Charms 90. John Arderne, Astrological Instructions for the Surgeon 91. Image: Astrological Bloodletting Man

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Book SynopsisThe nineteenth century seems to have been full of hysterical women - or so they were diagnosed. Where are they now? The very disease no longer exists. In this fascinating account, Andrew Scull tells the story of Hysteria - an illness that disappeared not through medical endeavour, but through growing understanding and cultural change. More generally, it raises the question of how diseases are framed, and how conceptions of a disease change through history.The lurid history of hysteria makes fascinating reading. Charcot''s clinics showed off flamboyantly ''hysterical'' patients taking on sexualized poses, and among the visiting professionals was one Sigmund Freud. Scull discusses the origins of the idea of hysteria, the development of a neurological approach by John Sydenham and others, hysteria as a fashionable condition, and its growth from the 17th century. Some regarded it as a peculiarly English malady, ''the natural concomitant of England''s greater civilization and refinement''. Women were the majority of patients, and the illness became associated with female biology, resulting in some gruesome ''treatments''. Charcot and Freud were key practitioners defining the nature of the illness. But curiously, the illness seemed to swap gender during the First World War when male hysterics frequently suffering from shell shock were also subjected to brutal ''treatments''. Subsequently, the ''disease'' declined and eventually disappeared, at least in professional circles, though attenuated elements remain, reclassified for instance as post-traumatic stress disorder.Hysteria: the biography is part of the Oxford series, Biographies of Diseases, edited by William and Helen Bynum. In each individual volume an expert historian or clinician tells the story of a particular disease or condition throughout history - not only in terms of growing medical understanding of its nature and cure, but also shifting social and cultural attitudes, and changes in the meaning of the name of the disease itself.Trade ReviewReview from previous edition Elegantly constructed book...Skull is otherwise exemplary on the whole historical curve. * George Rousseau, TLS *The stories they tell are often fascinating and alarming - pitched somewhere between farce, genius, horror and a lab report. * The Scotsman *These four 'biographies' of diseases go far beyond questions of biology or medical practice; they talk politics, sex and class, faith. * The Scotsman *The notion of an ailment having a birth, a lifespan, and - ideally - a demise...is an illuminating and useful concept. * Wendy Moore, British Medical Journal *Andrew Scull's exploration...provides an utterly enthralling study of medical ideology and sociology. * Wendy Moore, British Medical Journal *Should be required reading for all students of medicine. * Wendy Moore, British Medical Journal *Table of ContentsPrologue: Suffocation of the mother ; 1. Mysteria ; 2. Neurologie ; 3. An English malady? ; 4. Reflexly mad ; 5. American Nervousness ; 6. A hysterical circus ; 7. Freudian hysterics ; 8. The wounds of war ; 9. L'hysterie morte? ; Further reading

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Book SynopsisNothing experienced in human history, before or since, eclipses the terror, tragedy and scale of the Black Death, the disease which killed millions of people in Medieval Europe. The Scourging Angel tells the story of Britain immediately before, during and after this catastrophe. Against a backdrop of empty homes, half-built cathedrals and pestilence-saturated cities, we see communities gripped by unimaginable fear, shock and paranoia. By the time it completed its pestilential journey through the British Isles in 1350, the Black Death had left half the population dead. Despite the startling toll of life, physical devastation and sheer human chaos it inflicted, Britain showed an impressive resilience. Amid disaster many found opportunity, and the story of the Black Death is ultimately one of survival.Trade ReviewThis remarkable, ambitious book by a new, young historian is positive about the new society that survived disaster * The Times *Benedict Gummer's highly impressive book charts the subsequent spread of the disease in meticulous and terrible detail * Sunday Telegraph *A rich, thoughtful and utterly riveting historical narrative... A treasure chest of detail * Daily Telegraph *A fearsomely ambitious book from an exciting new writer... A compelling and sobering picture of a world - peopled with kings, soldiers, bishops, peasants - that is both remote and familiar -- Simon Russel BealeThe enormous value of Gummer's book, for all its apparent narrowness of focus, is that it concentrates attention on the plague as an episode in the Hundred Years War and the new mercantilism that was opening up northern seas and nations to world trade - (a) fine book * Herald *

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Book SynopsisThis work is a sampling of the Hippocratic Corpus, a collection of ancient Greek medical works. At the beginning, and interspersed throughout, there are discussions on the philosophy of being a physician. There is a large section about how to treat limb fractures, and the section called The Nature of Man describes the physiological theories of the time. The book ends with a discussion of embryology and a brief anatomical description of the heart.For more than seventy years, Penguin has been the leading publisher of classic literature in the English-speaking world. With more than 1,700 titles, Penguin Classics represents a global bookshelf of the best works throughout history and across genres and disciplines. Readers trust the series to provide authoritative texts enhanced by introductions and notes by distinguished scholars and contemporary authors, as well as up-to-date translations by award-winning translators.Table of ContentsHippocratic Writings - Edited with an Introduction by G. E. R. Lloyd Preface IntroductionMedicineTranslated by J. Chadwick and W. N. MannTranslators' IntroductionThe OathThe CanonTradition in MedicineEpidemics, Book IEpidemics, Book IIIThe Science of MedicineAirs, Waters, PlacesPrognosisRegimen in Acute DiseasesAphorismsThe Sacred DiseaseDreams (Regimen IV)The Nature of ManA Regimen for HealthSurgeryTranslated by E. T. WithingtonFracturesEmbryology and AnatomyTranslated by I. M. LonieThe Seed and The Nature of the ChildThe HeartNotes on the Translation of Some Hippocratic TermsBibliographyGlossary of NamesIndices

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Book SynopsisIn this book, Daniel P. Todes provides concise introduction to the life and science of the great Russian physiologist Ivan Pavlov (1849-1936). Todes weaves together Pavlov''s life, values, context, and science by focusing upon his quest to understand the psyche and the torments of our consciousness. This introduction follows the origins and maturation of Pavlov''s quest from his early life in a priestly family in provincial Riazan, to his struggles and late professional success in the glittering capital of St. Petersburg, through the cataclysmic destruction of his world during the Bolshevik seizure of power and civil war of 1917-1921, to the rebuilding of his life in his 70s as a prosperous dissident during the Leninist 1920s, and his success and personal torments in 1929-1936 during the industrialization, cultural revolution, and terror of Stalin times. Beyond a basic biography, Todes devotes particular attention to Pavlov''s Nobel Prize-winning research on digestion (1891-1903) and his iconic studies of conditional reflexes and higher nervous activity (1903-1936), as well as his experiments with dogs. Fundamentally reinterpreting Pavlov''s famous research on conditional reflexes, Todes shows that Pavlov was not a behaviorist, did not use a bell, and was uninterested in training dogs. The Russian scientist sought to explain not merely external behaviors, but the emotional and intellectual life of animals and humans. Furthermore, this iconic objectivist was a profoundly anthropomorphic thinker whose science was suffused with his own experiences and values. Exploring the two unpublished manuscripts upon which Pavlov was working when he died, Todes shows the importance of his little-known experiments on chimps and explores his final thoughts about the relationship of science, Christianity, and Bolshevism.Trade ReviewA magnificent overview of the life, work, and scientific passions of the experimental biologist who revealed the 'conditioned reflex' and became the first Russian Nobel Prize winner. Dan Todes provides concise and masterful insight into this fascinating figure. * Janet Browne, author of Charles Darwin: Voyaging and The Power of Place *Table of ContentsList of illustrations Chapter 1. Winter at Koltushi Chapter 2. Certainty: Religious and Scientific Chapter 3. The Haunted Factory Chapter 4. Pavlov's Quest Chapter 5. Come the Bolsheviks Chapter 6. Nervous Types Chapter 7. Year of Climaxes Chapter 8. Final Reflections Chapter 9. Epilogue References Further Reading Index

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Book SynopsisThe last half century has witnessed two landmark events in medical history. The 1970s saw euphoria about the defeat of one of humankind''s oldest disease scourges with the global eradication of smallpox. To set against this, the 2020s are experiencing the pandemic ravages of new viral diseases, of which COVID-19 is currently the most potent. But it is only the latest of a succession of threats. A Geography of Infection explores the distinctive spatial patterns and processes by which such infectious diseases spread from place to place and can grow from local and regional epidemics into global pandemics. This resource focuses initially on the local scale of doctors'' practices and small islands where epidemic outbreaks are slight in the numbers infected and in geographical extent. Such local area studies raise two questions. First, how and where do epidemic diseases emerge and second, why do more diseases appear to be emerging now? To approach such questions implies a shift in spatial ge

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Book SynopsisBefore the discovery of insulin, a diagnosis of Type 1 diabetes was a death sentence. One hundred years after a milestone medical discovery, ''Insulin - The Crooked Timber'' tells the story of how insulin was transformed from what one clinician called ''thick brown muck'' into the very first drug to be produced using genetic engineering, one which would earn the founders of the US biotech company Genentech a small fortune.Yet when Canadian doctor Frederick Banting was told in 1923 that he had won the Nobel Prize for this life-saving discovery, he was furious. For the prize had not been awarded to him alone - but jointly with a man whom he felt had no right to this honour. The human story behind this discovery is one of ongoing political and scientific controversy.Taking the reader on a fascinating journey, starting with the discovery of insulin in the 1920s through to the present day, ''Insulin - The Crooked Timber'' reveals a story of monstrous egos, toxic career rivalries, and a few Trade Review[uses] a blend of profound research, lively writing and personal knowledge of diabetes * Andrew Robinson, Nature *The lengthy bibliography and endnotes are a testament to the extensive research that has been carried out to produce this fascinating account. * Arpan K. Banerjee, Hektoen International *The story of insulin over the past 100 years, as the historian of science (and former molecular biologist) Kersten Hall shows in this dense and fascinating book, is also a microcosm of developments in science more widely, and of changes in the politics and economics of healthcare.[...] The pleasures of this book lie mainly in the storytelling detail and the gossipy richness of the lives, friendships and feuds glimpsed in the hubbub of decades pursuing the improvement of human health. * Steven Poole, Daily Telegraph *... comprehensive account of the modern medical history of the hormone... * Jerome Groopman, New York Review of Books *A fascinating book by an author with excellent credentials, well written and meticulously researched. * Geoff Gill, University of Liverpool *A timely book, pulling together many interesting stories about the scientific side of insulin. * John Pickup, King's College London School of Medicine *Reviews the events around the discovery of insulin in an original and well-documented manner. * Pierre Lefèbvre, University of Liège *Written in a clear and engaging style, the book provides a fresh take on historic events and also delves into aspects that have not been adequately explored previously. * Jeffrey Friedman, Rockefeller University *It is a good read and scholarly account. * Arpan Banerjee, Hektoen International Journal *Insulin-the Crooked Timber is essential reading for anyone concerned with the history of insulin. * Social History of Alcohol and Drugs. *Hall's The Crooked Timber expertly combines careful attention to the science with thoughtful consideration of its historical and philosophical dimensions. * Neelanjana Ray, History and Philosophy of the Life Sciences *Table of ContentsPreface Looking a Gift Horse in the Mouth? Introduction Taming the Tiger 1: The Pissing Evil - a colourful description of diabetes by 17th century English physician Thomas Willis 2: Thick Brown Muck - Canadian scientist Fred Banting wins the Nobel Prize for the discovery of insulin... and is furious 3: The Vision of Ezekiel - clinicians are stunned at the power of insulin to save lives, but it proves to be a double-edged sword 4: A Greek Tragedy - German clinician Georg Zuelzer snatches defeat from the jaws of victory 5: The Wasp's Nest - insulin proves to be a poisoned chalice for its discoverers 6: Be Careful What You Wish For - the case of Romanian scientist Nicolai Paulesco underlines the truth of an old proverb 7: 'In Praise of Wool' - the humble wool fibre sets in motion a revolution in biochemistry 8: A Boastful Undertaking - a discovery made in a fume-filled stable offers the key to unlocking insulin 9: The Blobs That Won a Nobel Prize - or two, all thanks to some coloured spots on a piece of filter paper 10: The Prophet in the Labyrinth - biochemist Erwin Chargaff helps unlock the secrets of DNA, but fears where this may lead 11: The Clone Wars - a conflict in which insulin proves to be a decisive weapon 12: Wall Street Gold - in an act of modern day alchemy, insulin makes stock market history 13: 'Don't You Want Cheap Insulin?' - What is it exactly that we want from science? And does the story of insulin have any lessons for us today? Bibliography Figures List and Acknowledgements for Images Acknowledgements End notes

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Book SynopsisIn this book, Gavin Francis writes about the resonance for him as medic in reading the work of early modern polymath Sir Thomas Browne.Trade Review[S]plendid...[an] excellent panegyric. * John Quinn, The Tablet *It always good to read something coming towards Browne from several directions at once. And especially the sympathies of a medical man, writer, and general practitioner. * Iain Sinclair *The biographical material and quotes from his writings accompany the beautifully written analysis, creating a book that reads well and is a fine introduction to the life and work of this remarkable seventeenth century physician. * Arpan K. Banerjee, Solihull, UK, Hektoen International *In Sir Thomas Browne: The opium of time,...autobiography and intellectual history are woven together under the conceptual generosity of eight thematic chapters and two letters to its subject. * Georgina Wilson, Times Literary Supplement *A compelling read ... Gavin Francis's perspective on Browne's life and works ... beautifully encapsulate[s] the complexity of [Browne's] character. * Nick Golding, Church Times *This slim volume forms part of a series of biographies whose authors express deeply rooted ties with their subjects and who share something of themselves and their own experiences to add an autobiographical dimension. The formula works and the result is a compelling read. * Revd Richard Greatrex, Church Times *Table of ContentsChronology An Introductory Letter to Dr Browne 1: Ambiguity 2: Curiosity 3: Vitality 4: Piety 5: Humility 6: Misogyny 7: Mobility 8: Mortality A Concluding Letter to Dr Browne

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Book SynopsisThe human body is thought of conventionally as a biological entity, with its longevity, morbidity, size and even appearance determined by genetic factors immune to the influence of society or culture. Since the mid-1980s, however, there has been a rising awareness of how our bodies, and our perception of them, are influenced by the social, cultural and material contexts in which humans live.Drawing on studies of sex and gender, education, governance, the economy, and religion, Chris Shilling demonstrates how our physical being allows us to affect the material and virtual world around us, yet also enables governments to shape and direct our thoughts and actions. Revealing how social relationships, cultural images, and technological and medical advances shape our perceptions and awareness, he exposes the limitations of traditional Western traditions of thought that elevate the mind over the body as that which defines us as human. Dealing with issues ranging from cosmetic and transplant surgery, the performance of gendered identities, the commodification of bodies and body parts, and the violent consequences of competing conceptions of the body as sacred, Shilling provides a compelling account of why body matters present contemporary societies with a series of urgent and inescapable challenges.ABOUT THE SERIES: The Very Short Introductions series from Oxford University Press contains hundreds of titles in almost every subject area. These pocket-sized books are the perfect way to get ahead in a new subject quickly. Our expert authors combine facts, analysis, perspective, new ideas, and enthusiasm to make interesting and challenging topics highly readable.Table of ContentsIntroduction ; 1. Natural bodies or social bodies? ; 2. Sexed bodies ; 3. Educating bodies ; 4. Governing bodies. ; 5. Bodies as commodities ; 6. Bodies matter! Dilemmas and controversies ; References and Further Reading ; Index

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Book SynopsisVery Short Introductions: Brilliant, Sharp, Inspiring Throughout history plague has been the cause of many major catastrophes. It was responsible for the ''Plague of Justinian'' in 542, the Black Death of 1348, and the Great Plague of London in 1665, as well as for devastating epidemics in China and India between the 1890s and 1920s. In the 21st century Coronavirus pandemics have served as a powerful reminder that we have not escaped the global impact of epidemic diseases. In this Very Short Introduction, Paul Slack takes a global approach to explore the historical and social impact of plague over the centuries, looking at the ways in which it has been interpreted, and the powerful images it has left behind in art and literature. Examining what plague meant for those who suffered from it, and how governments began to fight against it, he demonstrates the impact plague has had on modern notions of public health, and how it has shaped our history. This new edition also includes evidence on the nature of plague taken from recent discoveries in ancient DNA as well as new research on plague in the Middle East. ABOUT THE SERIES: The Very Short Introductions series from Oxford University Press contains hundreds of titles in almost every subject area. These pocket-sized books are the perfect way to get ahead in a new subject quickly. Our expert authors combine facts, analysis, perspective, new ideas, and enthusiasm to make interesting and challenging topics highly readable.Trade ReviewReview from previous edition Slack takes a thematic approach to the global and comparative history of plague that provides a wonderful survey for the newcomer to the topic, while still providing food for thought to readers already well versed in the literature. * Patrick Wallis, LPS *This book is not a textbook on Pasteurella pestis. Rather, using the disease it causes as a link, the text has the potential to attract the interest and attention of a wide range of readers, encompassing historical, social, geographical and economic factors and the role they played in changing European and wider social development. In these days of internet access, soundbites and the decline of text on paper, this book presents an excellent opportunity for those who wish for an absorbing and educational narrative, contained within an extremely portable package and with no risk of the battery losing its charge at an inconvenient moment. * The Bulletin of The Royal College of Pathologists, April 2013 *Table of ContentsAcknowledgements List of Illustrations Introduction 1: Plague: what's in a name?? 2: Pandemics and epidemics 3: Big impacts: the Black Death 4: Private horrors 5: Public health 6: Enduring images 7: The lessons of histories References Further Reading Index

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Book SynopsisPublic health is a term much used in the media, by health professionals, and by activists. At the national or the local level there are ministries or departments of public health, whilst international agencies such as the World Health Organisation promote public health policies, and regional organisations such as the European Union have public health funding and policies. But what do we mean when we speak about ''public health''? In this Very Short Introduction Virginia Berridge explores the areas which fall under the remit of public health, and explains how the individual histories of different countries have come to cause great differences in the perception of the role and responsibilities of public health organisations. Thus, in the United States litigation on public health issues is common, but state involvement is less, while some Scandinavian countries have a tradition of state involvement or even state ownership of industries such as alcohol in connection with public health. In its narrowest sense, public health can refer to the health of a population, the longevity of individual members, and their freedom from disease, but it can also be anticipatory, geared to the prevention of illness, rather than simply the provision of care and treatment. In the way public health deals with healthy as well as sick people it is therefore a separate concept from health services, which deal with the sick population. Drawing on a wide range of international examples, Berridge demonstrates the central role of history to understanding the amorphous nature of public health today.ABOUT THE SERIES: The Very Short Introductions series from Oxford University Press contains hundreds of titles in almost every subject area. These pocket-sized books are the perfect way to get ahead in a new subject quickly. Our expert authors combine facts, analysis, perspective, new ideas, and enthusiasm to make interesting and challenging topics highly readable.Trade ReviewThis is an easy but thought-provoking read for anyone wishing to understand the scope and origins of public or global health policy. It is well referenced with suggestions for further reading. * Peter Noone, Occupational Medicine *Table of Contents1: What is public health? 2: Current challenges 3: The origins of public health into the 1700s 4: Sanitation to education 1800-1900s 5: The rise of lifestyle 1900-1980s 6: Tropical and international public health 7: Present and future in the light of history References Further Reading

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Book SynopsisAcross early modern Europe, men and women from all ranks gathered medical, culinary, and food preservation recipes from family and friends, experts and practitioners, and a wide array of printed materials. Recipes were tested, assessed, and modified by teams of householders, including masters and servants, husbands and wives, mothers and daughters, and fathers and sons. This much-sought know-how was written into notebooks of various shapes and sizes forming treasuries for health, each personalized to suit the whims and needs of individual communities. In Recipes and Everyday Knowledge, Elaine Leong situates recipe knowledge and practices among larger questions of gender and cultural history, the history of the printed word, and the history of science, medicine, and technology. The production of recipes and recipe books, she argues, were at the heart of quotidian investigations of the natural world or household science. She shows how English homes acted as vibrant spaces for knowled

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Book SynopsisDuring most of the nineteenth century, physicians and pharmacists alike considered medical patenting and the use of trademarks by drug manufacturers unethical forms of monopoly; physicians who prescribed patented drugs could be, and were, ostracized from the medical community. In the decades following the Civil War, however, complex changes in patent and trademark law intersected with the changing sensibilities of both physicians and pharmacists to make intellectual property rights in drug manufacturing scientifically and ethically legitimate. By World War I, patented and trademarked drugs had become essential to the practice of good medicine, aiding in the rise of the American pharmaceutical industry and forever altering the course of medicine. Drawing on a wealth of previously unused archival material, Medical Monopoly combines legal, medical, and business history to offer a sweeping new interpretation of the origins of the complex and often troubling relationship between the phaTrade Review"Immensely informative." * New York Review of Books *"Gabriel’s brilliant account of patent and trademark law and use is the first comprehensive attempt to integrate the history of pharmaceuticals . . . in the wider setting of economic history and intellectual property law history and represents a milestone in that respect." * Isis *"In his thought-provoking and well-researched book, Gabriel explores the evolution of patenting, and to a lesser extent, trademark registration, in the American pharmaceutical industry. It is a fascinating and timely contribution." * EH.net *"To legal historians interested in the regulatory state and corporate capitalism, Gabriel's well researched book offers new insight into monopoly as an analytic category and antimonopoly sentiment as a driver for law and policy. Gabriel also provides a unique perspective on the development of modem intellectual property, a story not previously told from the viewpoint of pharmacists and travelling drug salesmen." * Law & History Review *"This fascinating book serves as a pointed reminder that the sources of therapeutic rationale are just as much tied to the production and regulation of therapies as the collective decision-making on ethical practice." * New Books in Medicine *"Medical Monopoly: Intellectual Property Rights and the Origins of the Modern Pharmaceutical Industry, by historian of medicine and the biomedical sciences Joseph M.Gabriel, is a significant and beautifully written book. By linking the study of patenting and other monopolistic practices in the pharmaceutical industry, such as trademarks, to the history of therapeutic reform, it makes an original and valuable contribution to the historiography in a variety of fields, from intellectual property to therapeutic reform, medical ethics, and the pharmaceutical industry. Medical Monopoly is therefore of relevance to a broad range of scholars, but also to clinicians, bioethicists, and the wider public concerned by the power of companies and the potential for conflicts of interest within modern medicine." * Bulletin of the History of Medicine *"Gabriel’s study of the early pharmaceutical industry in the U.S. is an outstanding addition to new literature. To illustrate this complex argument, Gabriel does a superb job of weaving together broad trends in patent, trademark, and antitrust law with the evolution of drug manufacturing and medical practice. The book is packed with fascinating case studies of products and their makers. Like a skilled ethnographer, Gabriel is more intent on reconstructing how past actors conceived of their actions than passing judgment on them. Paying careful and fruitful attention to “the relationship between names and things,” he avoids oversimplifying the motives of makers, prescribers, and users of drugs. Gabriel rewrites not only the history of the pharmaceutical industry but that of American medicine as well. Specialists in the history of medicine, science, and technology will appreciate his work for the fresh perspective he provides on familiar subjects. Specialists in health care policy and public health will find useful insights into contemporary debates over bioequivalence and its global implications. Finally, historians of intellectual property rights will find much to interest them in this book." * The American Historical Review *“In this important new book, Gabriel traces the surprisingly dynamic relationship between intellectual property and the economics and politics of the pharmaceutical industry. Medical Monopoly narrates the formation and reorganization of the ‘ethical pharmaceutical industry’ in the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries around questions of patents, trademarks, and a series of mutually defining alliances made between the medical profession and the modern pharmaceutical enterprise. Gabriel’s research in preparation for this volume has been meticulous, and his narrative pacing will help audiences from many different fields engage with the provocative story he has to tell. The resultant work is an elegant demonstration of the power of historical analysis in understanding the present-day connections between patents, trademarks, medical science, and the marketplace, with substantial implications for contemporary policy and practice.” -- Jeremy A. Greene, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine“In this lively account, Gabriel takes us back to the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries to explore the early histories of the manufacturing, marketing, patenting, and regulation of drugs and their roles in transforming the practice of American medicine. Marrying a keen eye for detail with attention to the larger picture, Gabriel explores the tensions between beneficence and business in the emergent pharmaceutical industry. This meticulously researched book establishes Gabriel as one of the nation’s experts on the pharmaco-medical enterprise in America from the early Republic to the Progressive Era.” -- Elizabeth Watkins, University of California, San Francisco“Medical Monopoly is a fascinating book about the history of intellectual property (IP) rights in pharmaceuticals. Gabriel traces the role that patents and trademarks played in the development of the pharmaceutical industry, explores the question of whether IP rights promoted research and development, and identifies the changing attitudes of physicians and scientists to the propriety of patenting drugs. The book reaches a number of conclusions that are surprising to the contemporary student of both IP and pharmaceuticals, and Gabriel does a nice job of marshaling the massive amount of evidence he uncovered into a chronological narrative. This important work will be of interest to historians of patents and trademarks; to historians of medicine, science, and technology; and to scholars of contemporary IP and science policy.” -- Catherine Fisk, University of California, IrvineTable of ContentsA Note about Terms Introduction 1 Medical Science and Property Rights in the Early Republic 2 Monopoly and Ethics in the Antebellum Years 3 In the Shadow of War 4 Therapeutic Reform and the Reinterpretation of Monopoly 5 The Ambiguities of Abundance 6 The Embrace of Intellectual Property Conclusion: The Promise of ReformAcknowledgments Archival Collections ConsultedNotes Index

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Book SynopsisAn eye-opening look at how incarcerated people, health professionals, and others behind and beyond bars came together to problem-solve incarceration. Raising the Living Dead is a history of Puerto Rico's carceral rehabilitation system that brings to life the interactions of incarcerated people, their wider social networks, and health care professionals. Alberto Ortiz Díaz describes the ways that multiple communities of care came together both inside and outside of prisons to imagine and enact solution-oriented cultures of rehabilitation from the 1930s to the 1960s. Scientific and humanistic approaches to well-being were deliberately fused to raise the living dead, an expression that reemerged in the modern Caribbean to refer to prisoners. These reform groups sought to raise incarcerated people physically, mentally, socially, spiritually, and civically. The book is based on deep, original archival research into the Oso Blanco (White Bear) penitentiary in Puerto Rico, yet it situates its study within Puerto Rico's broader carceral archipelago and other Caribbean prisons. The agents of this history include not only physical health professionals, but also psychologists and psychiatrists, social workers, spiritual and religious practitioners, and, of course, the prisoners and their families. By following all these groups and emphasizing the interpersonal exercise of power, Ortiz Díaz tells a story that goes beyond debates about structural and social control. The book addresses key issues in the history of prisons and the histories of medicine and belief, including how prisoners' different racial, class, and cultural identities shaped their incarceration and how professionals living in a colonial society dealt with the challenge of rehabilitating prisoners for citizenship. Raising the Living Dead is not just about convicts, their immediate interlocutors, and their contexts, however, but about how together these open a window into the history of social uplift projects within the (neo)colonial societies of the Caribbean. There is no book like this in Caribbean historiography; few examine these themes in the larger literature on the history of prisons.Trade Review“Humanizing and nuanced . . . [Ortiz’s] overarching approach, centered on human action, agency and (self-)determination, will inspire many with its obvious relevance to the present and future of mass incarceration. In this vital and public-facing conversation, Ortiz’s voice and scholarship will undoubtedly be not only welcome, but essential.” * Social History of Medicine *“Raising the Living Dead makes an excellent case for a new wave of scholarship on the history of crime and punishment. It builds on the existing literature then applies an innovative multiperspectival approach grounded in theory and rich primary sources.” -- Julia E. Rodriguez, University of New Hampshire“This is at once a deeply personal project for the author and a penetrating and nuanced analysis of prison reform and rehabilitation policies in a society caught in between—between imperial projects (declining Spain and rising US), between cultures (Spanish and Anglo-American), between races (‘white’ to ‘black’), and between carceral systems (dungeon to rehabilitative institution). By diving into a rich trove of individual and institutional records, Ortiz Díaz has produced a multifaceted understanding of efforts to change the way punishment worked in Puerto Rico in the second quarter of the twentieth century.” -- Thomas Holloway, University of California, Davis“Through meticulous archival research, Ortiz Díaz has rediscovered a surprising and overlooked era of prison reform in mid-twentieth-century Puerto Rico. Defying the stereotype of the exclusively passive or resistant colonial subject, inmates were active participants in the rehabilitation of their bodies, minds, and social identities. Raising the Living Dead constitutes an important and innovative contribution to the new and vibrant field of international prison history.” -- Mary Gibson, John Jay College and the Graduate Center, City University of New YorkTable of ContentsPreface Introduction: Toward a Holistic History of Incarceration 1 Under a Microscope: Convict Bodies and Prison Biomedicine 2 To Classify and Treat: Correctional Psychology and Psychiatry 3 Interactional Care: Social Workers, Parole Officers, and Social Rehabilitation 4 More Than Flesh: Sacred Knowledge and Experiential Healing 5 In Pursuit of Awakening: Carceral Therapeutic Humanities 6 Health Activism: Executive Clemency on the Mona Passage Conclusion: A Rehabilitative Dream Turned Punitive Nightmare Acknowledgments Notes Bibliography Index

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Book SynopsisTrade Review“Brilliant and sobering.”—Paul Kennedy, Wall Street Journal"Snowden . . . examines the ways in which disease outbreaks have shaped politics, crushed revolutions, and entrenched racial and economic discrimination. . . . Gigantic in scope, stretching across centuries and continents, Snowden’s account seeks to explain, too, the ways in which social structures have allowed diseases to flourish."—Isaac Chotiner, New Yorker“[A] necessary and persuasive book…In an updated introduction to his book, Snowden traces a comparable arrogance in our own leaders, who have allowed global inequalities to foster the illusion that infectious diseases, old and new, are a thing of the past.”—Tim Adams, The Guardian"Frank Snowden’s book presents a comprehensive historical perspective on societies' vulnerabilities to pandemics. The author presents these not as random events but rather endogenous: "Every society produces its own specific vulnerabilities". Pandemics help us understand societies' structures and their political priorities. A well-written, highly entertaining and relevant book."—Milton Hayek, Financial Times ‘Readers' Best Books’ “[A] wide-ranging study”—Laura Spinney, Nature"Covering roughly a millennium on about 550 pages is no small task…very readable"—Christoph Gradmann, The Lancet“This book shows us horrors and positive results of the past, from greater suffering and inequality to the creation of the World Health Organisation and Doctors Without Borders.”—Gloria Steinem, The Week“This wide-ranging book…argues that [epidemics] have been central to the development of our world, and continue to pose a significant threat to its survival. Such a grim reminder could hardly be more timely.”—Christopher Kissane, Irish Times Weekend“Epidemics and Society offers space for discussion and interdisciplinary perspectives that allow the reader to grasp the role played by infectious diseases in shaping human societies in all its complexity.”—Baptiste Baylac‐Paouly, Metascience“The worst demographic disaster of the twentieth century, is mentioned, but not analysed, in Snowden’s splendidly readable book, originally given as lectures to his undergraduate class at Yale. If the inter-disciplinary lectures were as clear and provocative with ideas as the book, they were fortunate students indeed.”—David Killingray, Family & Community History"Essential reading for anyone who is concerned about society’s preparedness to meet new microbial challenges and who appreciates the importance of history to develop effective and efficient responses."—Socrates Litsios, author of The Tomorrow of Malaria“A superb synthesis of a complex and important topic. Snowden brings to the subject a wealth of previous research on disease and brilliantly integrates his work into more general historical concerns. A major achievement.”—William Bynum, author of A Little History of Science"Professor Snowden provides an authoritative and very readable historical account of several of the major the major infectious diseases epidemics that have afflicted mankind with a focus on their impact on society."—Brian Greenwood, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine"In an era of rapidly emerging diseases, Epidemics and Society reminds us that in framing epidemics we are also, always, refiguring human life and fate in relation to ecology and society."—Warwick Anderson, author of Colonial Pathologies: American Tropical Medicine, Race, and Hygiene in the Philippines“A distinctive and very useful contribution to the public understanding of disease."—Mark Harrison, author of Contagion: How Commerce Has Spread Disease and Director, Wellcome Unit for the History of Medicine

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Book SynopsisThe extraordinary story of an unjustly forgotten group of Black men in Pittsburgh who became the first paramedics in America, saving lives and changing the course of emergency medicine around the world Until the 1970s, if you suffered a medical crisis, your chances of survival were minimal. A 9-1-1 call might bring police or even the local funeral home. But that all changed with Freedom House EMS in Pittsburgh, a group of Black men who became America’s first paramedics and set the gold standard for emergency medicine around the world, only to have their story and their legacy erased—until now.In American Sirens, acclaimed journalist and paramedic Kevin Hazzard tells the dramatic story of how a group of young, undereducated Black men forged a new frontier of healthcare. He follows a rich cast of characters that includes John Moon, an orphan who found his calling as a paramedic; Peter Safar, the Nobel Prize-nominated physician who in

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Book SynopsisThis volume is a major contribution to the field of disability history in the ancient world. Contributions from leading international scholars examine deformity and disability from a variety of historical, sociological and theoretical perspectives, as represented in various media. The volume is not confined to a narrow view of âantiquityâ but includes a large number of pieces on ancient western Asia that provide a broad and comparative view of the topic and enable scholars to see this important topic in the round.Disability in Antiquity is the first multidisciplinary volume to truly map out and explore the topic of disability in the ancient world and create new avenues of thought and research.Trade Review"After two millennia the voices of some of the most silent people of antiquity are finally being heard. This volume opens up a world previously all but unknown to us. It is an important collection of essays, in terms of both content and approach, that every ancient historian and classicist, as well as anyone interested in the history of disability, needs to read." - Tim Parkin, University of Manchester, UK"Christian Laes and the contributors to this volume emancipate the disabled in antiquity, not only in the Greek and Roman world, but also in the Near, Middle and Far East. They show them in their social and cultural context and in comparative perspective, making visible the invisible."- Manfred Horstmanshoff, Leiden University, The Netherlands"...the volume’s strength is the breadth of material that has been selected for inclusion ... the volume serves as a fitting starting point for a new era in disability history focussing on the ancient Mediterranean."- Jane Draycott, University of Glasgow, UK, Bryn Mawr Classical Review 2017"Disability in Antiquity is a valuable contribution to the recent field of historical disability studies ... The strength of this book lies in its endeavor to be comprehensive and comparative: collating a wide range of materials from different eras and cultures provides the reader with a holistic understanding of the topic at hand ... this book is an excellent addition to any scholarly library and a must-read for anyone interested in the history of disability. Readers are left not just with a thorough understanding of the topic but also an invitation for future research, as the authors put forth compelling and insightful questions to continue the conversation regarding disability in antiquity."- Heidi De Baerdemaeker-Poole, The Waterford School, USA, The Classical Journal 2018"This collection, richly diverse, holds much of use for the future work in the field. The bibliographies at the end of each chapter are extensive and current and care has been taken by the editor to locate the individual studies in the context of the history of disability studies as a whole."- Patricia Clark, University of Victoria, Canada, H-Net: Humanities and Social Sciences OnlineTable of Contents Preface and Acknowledgements Note on the Bibliography List of Contributors Introduction: Disability History and the Ancient World. Past, Present and Future - Christian Laes Disability and Infirmitas in the Ancient World: Demographic and Biological facts in the longue durée - April Pudsey The Ancient (Near) East Disabilities from Head to Toe in Hittite Civilisation - Richard Beal Mesopotamia and Israel - Edgar Kellenberger Ancient Persia and Silent Disability - Omar Coloru Egyptian Medicine and Disabilities: from Pharaonic to Graeco-Roman Egypt - Rosalie David India: Demystifying Disability in Antiquity - M. Miles Disability in Ancient China - Olivia Milburn The Greek World The Greek vocabulary of disabilities - Evelyn Samama Ability and Disability in Classical Athenian Oratory - Martha Lynn Rose Disabilities in Comedy and Tragedy - Robert Garland Legal (and Customary?) Approaches to the Disabled in Ancient Greece - Matthew Dillon The Hellenistic Turn in Bodily Representations: Venting Anxiety in Terracotta Figurines - Alexandre Mitchell Plutarch's 'Philosophy' of Disability: Human after All - Michiel Meeusen The Roman World Roman Perfect bodies. The Stoic View - Bert Gevaert Foul and Fair Bodies, Minds, and Poetry in Roman Satire - Sarah Bond and T.H.M. Gellar-Goad The 'Other' Romans: Deformed Bodies in the Visual Arts of Rome - Lisa Trentin Mobility Impairment in the Sanctuaries of Early Roman Italy - Emma-Jayne Graham Mental Disability? Galen on Mental Health - Chiara Thumiger Madness and Mad Patients According to Caelius Aurelianus - Danielle Gourevitch Disability in the Roman Digest - Peter Toohey The Late Ancient World Hysterical Women? Gender and Disability in Early Christian Narrative – Anna Rebecca Solevåg Augustine's Sermons and Disabilities - Martin Claes and Anthony Dupont Infirmitas in Monastic Rules - Jenni Kuuliala The Coptic and Ethiopic Tradition on Disabilities - Carol Downer The Disability Within: Sexual Desire as Disability in Syriac Christianity - John Martens The Disabled in the Byzantine Empire - Stephanos Efthymiadis What Difference did Islam Make? Disease and Disability in Early Medieval North Africa - Matthew Gaumer Impotent Husbands, Eunuchs and Flawed Women in Early Islamic Law - Hocine Benkheira Disability in Rabbinic Judaism - Lennart Lehmhaus and Julia Watts Belser The endurance of tradition Then and now. Canonical law on disabilities - Irina Metzler The Imperfect body in Nazi Germany: Ancient Concepts, Modern Technologies - Toon Van Houdt Bibliography Index

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Book SynopsisUsing diaries, journals, and correspondences, Druett recounts the daily grind surgeons on nineteenth-century whaling ships faced: the rudimentary tools they used, the treatments they had at their disposal, the sorts of people they encountered in their travels, and the dangers they faced under the harsh conditions of life at sea.Trade Review"This book is literally a page-turner - I could not put it down - filled with new windows on history, technology and personal experience. It can be highly recommended." -- John Townley, International Journal of Maritime History"...You definitely do want to read the author's colorful stories." -- The Dallas Morning News"Those who enjoyed Patrick O'Brian's eye for historical detail will delight in Druett." -- Publisher's Weekly"Druett offers us a vivid sense of shipboard life in her descriptions of medicines, surgical tools, the tumult of a whale hunt and treatment of such common ailments as dysentery, dropsy, syphilis, scurvy and insanity." -- TheArizona Republic"Joan Druett's latest work lives up to her reputation as one of our foremost chroniclers of maritime lore." -- Roy Porter, author of The Greatest Benefit to Mankind"A wonderfully effective therapy for anyone interested in the story of the sea...Invigorating." -- Tim Severin, author of In Search of Moby Dick and The Brendan Voyage"Filled with accounts of the drama and tedium of whaling, exciting battles with whales, and the occasional gruesome medical event, the book should please sailing buffs, history buffs, and fans of the well-told, lifely story." -- William Beatty, BooklistTable of ContentsChapter One - Medicine ar Sea: Woodall's the Surgion's Mate Chapter Two- Shipping Out Chapter Three- The Medicine Chest Chapter Four - the First Leg: Day-to-Day Life Chapter Five- The Whale Hunt Chapter Six Accidents, Injuries and Ailments Chapter Seven- Battling Scurvy Chapter Eight- Encounters with Native Peoples Chapter Nine- Motley, Reckles & Profligate:Troubles with Captains and Crews Epilogue0 The Fates of Our Surgeons Acknowledgements Bibliography Glossary John King's Patient Log Medical Chests:Comparative Chart Index

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Book SynopsisHans Sloane was the greatest collector of his time, and one of the greatest of all time. His name is familiar today through the London streets and squares named after him, but the man himself, and his achievements, are almost forgotten.Born in the north of Ireland, Sloane made his fortune as a physician to London''s wealthiest residents. In 1687 he travelled to Jamaica, then at the heart of Britain''s commercial empire, to survey its natural history, and later organised a network of correspondents who sent him curiosities from across the world. He became one of the eighteenth century''s preeminent natural historians and assembled an astonishing collection of specimens, artefacts and oddities - the most famous curiosity cabinet of the age. Shortly after his death, Sloane''s vast collection was then acquired - as he had hoped - by the nation. It became the nucleus of the world''s first national public museum, the British Museum.This is the first biography of Sloane in over sixty years and the first based on his surviving collections. Early modern science and collecting are shown to be global endeavours intertwined with empire and slavery but which nonetheless produced one of the great public institutions of the Enlightenment, as the cabinet of curiosities gave way to the encyclopaedic museum. Collecting the World describes this pivotal moment in the emergence of modern knowledge, and brings this totemic figure back to life.Trade ReviewA magnificent scholarly coup and an enthralling read -- John Carey * The Sunday Times *A superb biography - human, judicious and as passionately curious as Sloane himself - and a model of how to write a history of collecting -- Arnold Hunt * Times Literary Supplement *Robust, thoughtful and elegantly crafted ... Not before time, the smart lad from Killyleagh, creator of one of the world's great civilising resources, has found his ideal chronicler -- Jonathan Keates * Spectator *In this fine and erudite book, Delbourgo recovers Sloane from the oblivion into which he has fallen -- Ruth Scurr * Financial Times *Approachable yet authoritative ... Delbourgo has at last given us a readable and entertaining single-volume account of Sloane's life and legacy -- Michael Hunter * Literary Review *

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Book SynopsisThe photographs in this fascinating illustrated history will stir the memory of all those who have entered The Royal Hospital Haslar, as either staff or patients, and provide a unique record of a singular and celebrated institution.

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Book SynopsisMost accounts of the history of Greek and Roman medicine are based on ancient medical texts. As a study of the subject through its material remains, this book will be a unique contribution to the understanding of ancient medical implements and surgical instruments, of surgery, and of the history of medicine.Table of ContentsChapter 1: Introduction: the British Museum Greek and Roman Medical Collections Chapter 2: Greek and Roman Surgical and Medical Instruments Chapter 3: Catalogue of Greek and Roman Surgical and Medical Instruments in the British Museum Chapter 4: Scientific Examination and Element Analysis of the Metal Medical Instruments (Susan La Niece and Duncan Hook) Chapter 5: Chemical Analysis of Medicinal Residues: Ingredients, Properties and Purpose (Rebecca Stacey) Chapter 6: Selected Greek and Roman Objects in the British Museum Related to Medicine and Health Appendix 1: An Important Group of Roman Surgical Instruments from Italy in the City of Bristol Museum and Art Gallery Appendix 2: A Unique Roman Plunger Forceps in the Ashmolean Museum, Oxford Bibliography Concordance Index

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Book SynopsisIn this captivating memoir, Anne Buckingham Young shares her trailblazing journey in the male-dominated world of 20th century medicine towards becoming the first female chief at a major United States academic teaching hospital. Anne recounts her remarkable laboratory experiences identifying new neurotransmitters and their receptors. She shares her life with husband and collaborator Jack Penney, their quest to understand the brain circuits responsible for disorderly movements and their adventures in the hunt for the Huntington''s disease gene with neuropsychologist Nancy Wexler. When Jack dies suddenly, Anne must confront her personal demons and a diagnosis of bipolar disorder. Through it all, Anne builds a cutting-edge research center, offering hope for new therapies for movement disorders and neurodegenerative diseases. This raw and honest portrayal is a testament to the power of perseverance and resilience. It is a must-read for anyone who has ever faced adversity and come out the other side stronger.

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Book SynopsisTaking a holistic approach, this book describes the developments in medicine and medical technology from ancient times to modern days. It is an exciting journey where readers will learn about the many great inventions by people that did not take the knowledge of their times as a fact. They challenged mysticism, beliefs, the religion, and the Church. They were true scientists long before we knew how to define what a scientist is. This book is, in a way, connecting the dots between the past and the future within healthcare.Features * Provides details on further developments that gave new and exceptional information for diagnostic or therapeutic purposes Gives the reader a new perspective and a common thread of life on medicine and MedTech as well as an improved understanding of how far we have come and how much there still is to work on before we fully understand the human body and its functionality DiscuTable of ContentsPart 1: Healthcare in the historic times - Chapter 1: The history of medicine under prehistoric time (2.5 million years ago - 600 years BC) - Chapter 2: Ancient Medicine, (700 BC - 476 AD) - Chapter 3: Medieval medicine, (400 - 1400 AD) - Chapter 4: The Renaissance Medicine, (1350 -1650 AD) - Chapter 5: Medicine in the 17-th Century, (1600 – 1700) - Chapter 6: Medicine in the 18-th Century, (1700 – 1800) - Chapter 7: Medicine & Technology in the 19-th Century, (1800 – 1900) - Chapter 8: Medicine & Technology in the 20-th Century …accelerated (1900 - 2000) PART 2: Present time - Chapter 9: Modern Medicine: from diagnosis to therapy, up to 2022 - Chapter 10: Molecular Imaging (2000 – up to 2022) - Chapter 11: Microscopy and other MedTech equipment for use in the operating room - Chapter 12: Developments and discoveries 21st century to present, 2022 - Chapter 13: Other important MedTech equipment in our hospitals, clinics, and outpatient centers that are indispensable today - Chapter 14: Medicine and MedTech businesses - Chapter 15: Medical Biomarkers, critical tools today and tomorrow PART 3: The Future - Chapter 16: Our Healthcare System: - Chapter 17: An Introduction to the clinical chapters on Cancer-, Cardiovascular-, and Neurological diseases - Chapter 18: Present status for the Cancer disease, 2022 - Chapter 19: Present status for Cardiovascular & Heart diseases - Chapter 20: Present status for Neurological diseases - Chapter 21: Artificial Intelligence, AI - Chapter 22: Genomics - Chapter 23: What about the healthcare in the developing world? - Chapter 24: What type of healthcare can we expect in the future - Chapter 25: Conclusions & Summary

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Book SynopsisFrom childrenâs visions of angels to the cancerous belly of a king, this book shows how the body was at the centre of religious experience in seventeenth-century Lutheran culture. It explores what it was like to live in a body that was situated between the heavenly and earthly realms in the century following the Reformations, how faith shaped the experience of the body, and how the body shaped religious experience. Lutherans fasted and fortified their bodies through asceticism or exposure to harsh conditions, people of all types could feel the Holy Spirit entering their bodies, and follow its movement within. Early modern Lutherans used their bodies to understand the complexities of their world, and by knowing about their physiology we come closer to grasping it.Based on a varied set of sources from the expansive Swedish empire, with connections from Lapland to the North American colonies, the book shows how spiritual experience played out in relation to gender and age, and the powerful resemblances that connected bodies spiritually, politically, socially and emotionally. The book challenges received notions that Lutheranism implied a removed corporeality, mediated by an abstracted faith, and offers new insights into studying early modern corporeality.The World made Flesh will be of interest to scholars and students in history, religion, history of medicine, gender and body studies.

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Book SynopsisAccording to its Constitution, the mission of the World Health Organization (WHO) was nothing less than the ''attainment by all peoples of the highest possible level of health'' without distinction of race, religion, political belief, economic status, or social condition. But how consistently and how well has the WHO pursued this mission since 1946? This comprehensive and engaging new history explores these questions by looking at its origins and its institutional antecedents, while also considering its contemporary and future roles. It examines how the WHO was shaped by the particular environments of the postwar period and the Cold War, the relative influence of the US and other approaches to healthcare, and its place alongside sometimes competing international bodies such as UNICEF, the World Bank, and the Gates Foundation. The authors re-evaluate the relative success and failure of critical WHO campaigns, from early malaria and smallpox eradication programs to struggles with Ebola today.Trade Review'Finally, an up-to-date history of the World Health Organization. This deft account spans the institution's aspirational post-World War II beginnings, the tensions and turnarounds of the Cold War period, and the embattled contemporary era of private encroachment on WHO turf. The authors bring together the contentious politics, personae, and programs through a grand narrative and little-known inside stories.' Anne-Emanuelle Birn, University of Toronto'This long-awaited volume by three distinguished historians of public health, does not disappoint. Though the general lines of this history are familiar, this extensively researched, clearly written volume greatly enriches this history, providing new details on nearly every page, and situating the WHO within the wider history of global political change.' Randall Packard, The Johns Hopkins University'… the authors are to be congratulated, not only for presenting us with this splendid, up-to-date and excellently contextualized history of the WHO, which constitutes a reference work about this international agency; but also for inviting us to engage in a historical reflection, and for drawing lessons from this history to be applied to the present and future of the mission of the WHO.' María-Isabel Porras-Gallo, MetascienceTable of ContentsIntroduction; 1. The making of an international health establishment; 2. The birth of the World Health Organization, 1945–8; 3. The start-up years, 1948–55; 4. The Cold War and eradication; 5. Overcoming the warming of the Cold War: smallpox eradication; 6. The transition from 'family planning' to 'sexual and reproductive rights'; 7. The vicissitudes of primary health care; 8. The response to the HIV/AIDS pandemic; 9. An embattled director-general and the persistence of the WHO; 10. The competitive world of global health; 11. The World Health Organization in the second decade of the twenty-first century.

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Book SynopsisIn the heart of 19th-century London, a remarkable woman emerged from adversity to reshape the landscape of nursing education. Born in 1843, Rebecca Strong faced the challenges of widowhood and motherhood by the tender age of 20. Her indomitable spirit and commitment to service led her to the hallowed halls of nursing, where she became a protege of none other than Florence Nightingale. Collaborating with the esteemed Scottish surgeon Sir William Macewen, Rebecca Strong became a catalyst for change in the field of healthcare. Together, they crafted a groundbreaking training scheme for nurses, incorporating visionary concepts that have withstood the test of time. Their legacy endures in the very fabric of nursing education, influencing generations of caregivers. Retiring in 1907 after a lifetime dedicated to healing, Rebecca Strong embarked on a global journey that transcended borders and cultures. Her adventures took her to the far reaches of the world, from meetings with the likes o

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Book SynopsisDesigned to be read and taught, the book offers a critical historical view, providing historians, policy makers, researchers, program managers, and students with an essential new perspective on the formation and implementation of global-health policies and practices.Trade ReviewFrequent epidemics of yellow fever, the first disease threatening to destroy continents, and the more recent scourges of HIV/AIDS, SARS, and Ebola show Packard's scope in enlightening readers who are rarely likely to be so captivated by a university publication. This is a powerful book demanding substantial time and attention. Manhattan Book Review A History of Global Health gives us an unrivalled view from within the belly of the beast, revealing the physiology and pathologies of the organism. Journal of the History of Medicine and Allied SciencesTable of ContentsList of AbbreviationsList of Illustrations and TablesIntroductionPart One1. Colonial Training Grounds2. From Colonial to International HealthPart Two3. The League of Nations Health Organization4. Internationalizing Rural Hygiene and NutritionPart Three5. Planning for a Postwar World6. A Narrowing VisionPart Four7. Uncertain Beginnings8. The Good and the Bad CampaignsPart Five9. The Birth of the Population Crisis10. Accelerating International Family-Planning Programs11. Rethinking Family PlanningPart Six12. Rethinking Health 2.013. Challenges to Primary Health CarePart Seven14. AIDS and the Birth of Global Health15. The Global Fund, PEPFAR, and the Transformation of Global Health16. Medicalizing Global HealthConclusionAcknowledgmentsNotesIndex

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Book SynopsisFrom the masters of storytelling-meets-science and co-authors of Quackery, Patient Zero tells the long and fascinating history of disease outbreaks—how they start, how they spread, the science that lets us understand them, and how we race to destroy them before they destroy us. Written in the authors’ lively and accessible style, chapters include page-turning medical stories about a particular disease or virus—smallpox, Bubonic plague, polio, HIV—that combine “Patient Zero” narratives, or the human stories behind outbreaks, with historical examinations of missteps, milestones, scientific theories, and more. Learn the tragic stories of Patient Zeros throughout history, such as Mabalo Lokela, who contracted Ebola while on vacation in 1976, and the Lewis Baby on London’s Broad Street, the first to catch cholera in an 1854 outbreak that led to a major medical breakthrough. Interspersed are origin stories of a different sort—how a rye fungus in 1951 turned a small village in France into a phantasmagoric scene reminiscent of Burning Man. Plus the uneasy history of human autopsy, how the HIV virus has been with us for at least a century, and more.Trade Review"[A] rich and thought-provoking book... It's also a profound reconsideration of our common understanding of our most famous stories of sickness and science." —Salon.com “A thorough and morbidly funny study of some of the world’s deadliest diseases… Readers will be swept away by this energetic and enlightening survey” —Publishers Weekly, starred review “If only my AP Bio textbook had been so fun. From Mad Cow to Monkeypox, here’s everything you wanted to know about the diseases you’re glad you don’t have. Hopefully!” —Mo Rocca, author of Mobituaries “Some of these stories read like gripping crime novels, some like Victorian tragedies, and some like futuristic thrillers. Patient Zero is essential and—dare I say it—entertaining reading.” —Amy Stewart, author of The Drunken Botanist and Wicked Plants “A fascinating foray into the etiology of fevers, flus, and other foul febrilities.” —James Nestor, New York Times bestselling author of Breath: The New Science of a Lost Art “Patient Zero offers an encyclopedic presentation of historic outbreaks that tell fascinating and fast-moving tales of courage, tragedy, and loss (of life, of limbs, of freedom…of noses).” —Dr. Brandy Schillace, author of Mr. Humbleand Dr. Butcher “There is something here to astound even the most seasoned medical historian. I found myself utterly engrossed.” —Dr. Lindsey Fitzharris, author of The Butchering Art

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Book SynopsisBrilliant, volatile and invariably male, the surgeon stereotype is a widespread and instantly recognisable part of western culture. Setting out to anatomise this stereotype, Cold, hard steel offers an exciting new history of modern and contemporary British surgery. The book draws on archival materials and original interviews with surgeons, analysing them alongside a range of fictional depictions, from the Doctor in the House novels to Mills & Boon romances and the pioneering soap opera Emergency Ward 10. Presenting a unique social, cultural and emotional history, it sheds light on the development and maintenance of the surgical stereotype and explains why it has proved so enduring. At the same time, the book explores the more candid and compassionate image of the surgeon that has begun to emerge in recent years, revealing how a series of high-profile memoirs both challenge the surgical stereotype and simultaneously confirm it.Table of ContentsIntroduction: Sir Lancelot Spratt and the myth of the modern surgeon1 Self-made myths2 Surgeons in film, fiction, and on TV screens 3 Surgical conduct and surgical communities4 Gender in surgery5 Race and ethnicity in surgery6 Surgical time7 Military myths and metaphorsConclusion: moving mythsBibliographyIndex

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Book SynopsisWith a focus on mental illness, Shell-shocked British Army veterans in Ireland provides the first in-depth investigation of disabled Great War veterans in Ireland. The book is a result of five years of researching previously untouched archival sources including psychiatric records of former patients otherwise closed to the public. The remit of the work contributes to various historiographical fields including disability history, the social history of medicine, the cultural history of modern war, the history of psychiatry and Irish studies. It also seeks to extend the scope of the First World War with an emphasis on how war-induced disability and trauma continued to affect large numbers of ex-servicemen beyond the official cessation of the conflict.Trade Review'Michael Robinson’s study is a welcome addition to the study of war-related mental disabilities. [...] this is a balanced study that will be a welcome addition to scholars interested in the detailed history of mentally disturbed Great War veterans. The depth and breadth of research is a model for how to approach such a subject.'H-Disability'Michael Robinson has done an outstanding service both to twentieth-century Irish history and to medical military history more widely in his study of shell-shocked British army veterans in Ireland between 1918 and 1939. [...] As such it is a fine addition not only to the field of disability history but also to the wider social history of the time.'Irish Historical Studies -- .Table of ContentsIntroduction1: ‘A Definitive Neurasthenic Temperament’?: The Irish Tommy and Veteran2. Neurasthenic Pensioners in Revolutionary Ireland, 1918-19213. Neurasthenic Pensioners in the Irish Free State and Northern Ireland, 1922-19394. The War Hospital in Ireland5. The Service Patient Scheme in Ireland BibliographyIndex

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Book SynopsisGerms and governance brings together leading historians, practitioners and policy makers to consider the past, present and future of hospital infection control. Combining historical case-studies with practitioner experiences, this volume offers a new understanding of the emergence of theories of germ transmission and containment and how these theories played out in real-world environments, networks and professional organisations.Exploring the historical context in which technologies like gloves were developed and popularised, as well as how relationships between communities and hospitals, doctors and nurses, and the emerging role of hospital bacteriologists have shaped infection control practices, the collection emphasises the diverse contexts in which ideas about germs, infection and safety circulated. The volume also addresses the historical neglect of the critical role of nurses in the development and success of infection control measures.Trade Review'Germs and governance brings together a diverse array of scholars to give the topic its due attention, presented here as a series of eleven articles, framed by an introduction and incisive conclusion... Ultimately, it is this call for – and demonstration of – such cross-disciplinary approaches to an enduring hospital and societal concern that makes this a particularly useful volume for historians, clinicians, and policymakers alike.'Scott H. Podolsky, Social History of Medicine'Limitations to control of infections originating in hospitals have long been evident. Antibiotic-resistant organisms and their ability to transfer associated genes are increasingly problematic, and this rise of so-called superbugs alarms health care professionals on a global scale. Including contributions from medical historians, infection control specialists, and policy makers, this book presents the methods from past to present that have been and still are used to minimize the spread of infections in hospitals, providing some insight into where infection control improvements can be made. The book is organized into five parts, each comprising a historical chapter and an updating one: policy, medical training, clinical practice, control in the laboratory, and projections for future control of antibiotic resistance, especially given the threats posed by such bacteria as MRSA (staph) and Clostridium. The editors summarize current challenges for key players in a jointly authored conclusion. A great read, this book should appeal to everyone involved in health care at all stages of their careers, including bacteriologists, caregivers, and especially administrators, and will reinforce understanding of the longstanding importance of prevention and control of infection. Although many examples and data sets were collected in the UK, the book is relatable to health care systems everywhere.--M. C. Pavao, Worcester State UniversitySumming Up: Highly recommended. All readers.Reprinted with permission from Choice Reviews. All rights reserved. Copyright by the American Library Association. -- .Table of ContentsForeword – Professor Dame Sally DaviesIntroduction – Marguerite Dupree, Anne Marie Rafferty and Fay Bound AlbertiPart I: Policy and infection control1 Hospital infections and the role of the community before MRSA, 1930–1960 – Flurin Condrau2 Cleanliness costs: the evolving relationship between infection and length of stay in antibiotic-era hospitals – Sally SheardPart II: Infection control: Nurses and medical students3 Pus, pedagogy and practice: how ‘dirt’ shaped surgical nurse training and hierarchies of practice, 1900–1935 – Pamela Wood4 Septic subjects: infection control and occupational illness in British hospitals, c. 1870–1970 – Claire L. Jones5 Learning the art and science of infection prevention and control: a practical application – Susan MacqueenPart III: Practice and infection control: Focus on gloves6 Wax paste and vaccination: alternatives to surgical gloves for infection control, 1880–1945 – Thomas Schlich7 The evolving role of gloves in healthcare – Jennie WilsonPart IV: Practice and infection control: In the laboratory8 Constructing the ‘Sanitary Officer’: the Pathologist’s role in infection prevention and control at St Bartholomew’s Hospital, London, 1892–1939 – Rosemary Cresswell9 Infection control from the laboratory to the clinic: John H. Bowie and the Royal Infirmary of Edinburgh, c.1945–1970 – Susan GardinerPart V: Into the future10 Infection prevention and control in the twenty-first century: the era of patient safety – Neil Wigglesworth11 Infection control and antimicrobial resistance: the past, the present and the future – Alistair LeanordConclusion: using the past – Marguerite Dupree, Anne Marie Rafferty and Fay Bound AlbertiIndex

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Book SynopsisThe Middle Ages covers a span of roughly one thousand years, and through that time people were subject to an array of not only deadly diseases but deplorable living conditions. It was a time when cures for sickness were often worse than the illness itself mixed with a population of people who lacked any real understanding of sanitation and cleanliness. Dive in to the history of medieval medicine, and learn how the foundations of healing were built on the knowledge of ancient Greek and Roman philosophers. Understand how your social status would have affected medical care, and how the domination of the Catholic Church was the basis of an abundant amount of fear regarding life and death. We are given an intimate look into the devastating time of the Black Death, along with other horrific ailments that would have easily claimed a life in the Middle Ages. Delve inside the minds of the physicians and barbersurgeons for a better understanding of how they approached healing. As well as diving into the treacherous waters of medieval childbirth, Cummings looks into the birth of hospitals and the care for the insane. We are also taken directly to the battlefield and given the gruesome details of medieval warfare and its repercussions. Examine the horrors of the torture chamber and execution as a means of justice. _Medicine in the Middle Ages_ is a fascinating walk through time to give us a better understanding of such a perilous part of history.

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Book SynopsisCountry of Poxes is the story of land theft in North America through three diseases: syphilis, smallpox and tuberculosis. These infectious diseases reveal that medical care, widely considered a magnanimous cornerstone of the Canadian state, developed in lockstep with colonial control over Indigenous land and life.Pathogens are storytellers of their time. The 500-year-old debate over the origins of syphilis reflects colonial judgments of morality and sexuality that became formally entwined in medicine. Smallpox is notoriously linked with the project of land theft, as colonizers destroyed Indigenous land, economies and life in the name of disease eradication. And tuberculosis, considered the "Indian disease," aroused intense fear of contagion that launched separate systems of care for Indigenous Peoples in a de facto medical apartheid, while white settlers retreated to sanatoria in the Laurentians and Georgian Bay to be cured. In this immersive and deeply reflective book, physician and activist Dr. Baijayanta Mukhopadhyay provides riveting insights into the biological and social relationships of disease and empire. Country of Poxes considers a future of health in Canada that heeds redress and healing for Nations brutalized by the Canadian state.

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Book SynopsisSince the middle of the twentieth century, the development of plastics has been one of the main factors influencing the history of medicine. For example, an anaesthesiologist was formerly an expert in delivering drugs by inhalation. Today, this expert delivers drugs through plastic catheters, in particular via intravenous and epidural routes. Traditionally, the scalpel was the symbol of surgery. Today, surgeons operate on internal organs with flexible plastic endoscopes - without cutting the skin. A typical modern woman in labour has one of her arms connected to a plastic bag through a plastic tube, while a plastic catheter is inserted in the epidural space in her spine. Focusing on obstetrics, this first book about the history of medicine in relation to the plastic revolution asks vital questions about childbirth today - and tomorrow - and demonstrates that the current turning point in the history of childbirth is also a turning point in the history of humanity. Introduced as a medical student to the surgical unit of a Paris hospital in 1949, and still involved in several fields of medicine, Michel Odent has the authority to study contemporary history from this new perspective.Table of Contents1 1. The history of medicine in the light of the history of plastic; 2 2. Unasked questions about the most common medical intervention in childbirth; 3 3. Unsuited birth statistics; 4 4. A tool for the future; 5 5. The oxytocin system of our great grandaughters; 6 6. What makes a substance poisonous?; 7 7. If I were the baby; 8 8. Reasons for optimism; 9 9. Promising avenues for research; 10 10. Complying with the shyness of oxytocin; 11 11. Learning from home births; 12 12. Futuristic strategies; 13 13. Interpreting labour pain; 14 14. The future of pharmacological assistance in childbirth; 15 15. The industrialisation of pregnancy in the age of cheap plastics; 16 16. Clarified objectives; 17 17. The cost of childbirth in the age of plastics

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Book SynopsisWhat happens when you reach the threshold of life and death - and come back? As long as humans have lived on the planet, there have been wars, and injured soldiers and civilians. But today, as we engage in wars with increasingly sophisticated technology, we are able to bring people back from ever closer encounters with death. Historian Emily Mayhew explores the reality of medicine and injury in wartime, from the trenches of World War One to the plains of Afghanistan and the rehabilitation wards of Headley Court in Surrey. Mixing vivid and compelling stories of unexpected survival with astonishing insights from the front line of medicine, A Heavy Reckoning is a book about how far we have come in saving, healing and restoring the human body. From the plastic surgeon battling to restore function to a blasted hand to the double amputee learning to walk again on prosthetic legs, Mayhew gives us a new understanding of the limits of human life and the extraordinary costs paid physically and mentally by casualties all over the world.Trade ReviewAn outstanding study of medicine on the front line in Afghanistan and beyond. * The Sunday Times *A riveting description of the journey from the battlefield through every stage of resuscitation to recovery back home. * Spectator *A great book, compelling and hard hitting. A Heavy Reckoning is a crucial milestone in remembering the most important lesson learnt from recent conflict in Afghanistan -- Harry Parker, author of Anatomy of a SoldierThe most gripping non-fiction book I have read in a very long time -- Mark HaddonMoving, thought provoking and informative, it is not one to be missed. * Soldier Magazine *An extraordinary human story of resilience ... an outstanding study of a lamentably underreported aspect of modern warfare. * Sunday Times *In her book, Emily Mayhew, a medical military historian who studies the history of severe casualty in warfare, describes all of this carnage in the most extraordinary, close-up detail and by the end you appreciate her for doing it - after all, why on earth would she spare us? -- Mark Smith * Scotland Herald *Mayhew's book is a valuable contribution to the history of military medicine -- Pete Starling * British Society for the History of Medicine *Mayhew is uniquely placed to tell this story, which flits between medical science and heart-thumping narrative. -- Miles Amoore * Literary Review *

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Book SynopsisA beautifully illustrated history of Britain’s most revered and valued institution: the NHS. In March 2020 the UK went into lockdown to help contain the spread of COVID-19 and protect the NHS from one of the greatest threats that it has faced in its 72-year history. Today more than ever, all eyes are on this beloved institution as it continues to innovate and adapt to meet the challenges of providing national healthcare in the modern world. In this fully illustrated introduction, Dr Susan Cohen traces the history of the NHS from its establishment after the Second World War, through seven decades of changing management and organisation, often in controversial political circumstances, right up to the current COVID-19 crisis. Including personal recollections from healthcare professionals on the frontline, as well as the patients in their care, this important and timely volume offers a comprehensive overview of one of the world's most remarkable healthcare systems.Table of ContentsPublic Health Care Before the NHS A New Dawn 1950 to 1970 1970 to 2000 The NHS in the Twenty-first Century Further Reading Places to Visit Acknowledgements Index

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Book SynopsisAs the outbreak of a new and deadly form of coronavirus dominates headlines and triggers fear and global recession, now is a good time to reflect on the history and science of transmissible diseases. Behind every disease is a story, from the natural history of the disease and its course in the individual, to the tale of the disease's description, discovery and treatment. From the impact of tuberculosis on English dynastic history to the makeup of our DNA; from the deadliest plagues of the ancient world to twenty-first century pandemics; and from the ravages of the Black Death to the discovery of antibodies, transmissible diseases have an incredible variety of tales to tell. Contagion explores some of the most notorious, grisly, and pernicious communicable diseases in history, revealing their hidden stories. In addition to discussing their symptoms, causes, prevention, and treatment, Richard Gunderman also discusses their impact on notable figures in history, from soldiers to monarchs; the extraordinary contributions of the scientists and physicians who battled them; as well as their impacts on world history and human evolution. Here are the exploits of Edward Jenner, who invented the first vaccine; John Snow, the first person to study disease scientifically; Louis Pasteur, who established the germ theory of infection, along with a myriad other remarkable stories in the never ending struggle between humanity and disease. The narrative is brought right up to date with the desperate battle to stem the Covid-19 pandemic and discover a vaccine. Renowned medical expert Dr Richard Gunderman shows how disease has shaped the evolution of our species and, if we don't take the proper steps, may yet threaten our very existence on this planet. Table of ContentsPredictions of the Conquest of Infectious Disease Were Premature • Agents of infectious disease • Infectious Disease and Natural Selection • The Great Plague of Athens • Ancient Views of Health and Disease • Boccaccio and the Black Death • Smallpox and the Conquest of the Aztecs • Leeuwenhoek and the World of the Very Small • Edward Jenner and the Tiny Prick • Smallpox Inoculation and the American Founding • Tuberculosis, the Persistent Killer • John Snow, Founder of Epidemiology • Robert Koch and His Radical Postulates • Ignaz Semmelweis, Prophet of Handwashing • Joseph Lister, Microbe Killer • Florence Nightingale, the 'Lady with the Lamp' • Louis Pasteur, Titan of Infectious Disease • Max Pettenkofer: The Good Consequences of Erroneous Ideas • Malaria and the World's Deadliest Animal • Spanish Flu: History's Deadliest Pandemic • Diseases of the Night: STIs • Penicillin, the 'Magic Bullet' • Eradication of Infectious Diseases • HIV/AIDS and the Retroviruses • An Early Warning: SARS and Ebola • Coronavirus Castaways • Infectious Disease: The Road Ahead.

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Book SynopsisThroughout his controversial life the alchemist, physician and social radical known as Paracelsus combined traditions that were magical and empirical, scholarly and folk, learned and artisanal. He read ancient texts and then burned some of them. He endorsed both Catholic and Reformation beliefs, but believed devoutly in a female deity. He travelled constantly, learning and teaching a new form of medicine based on the experience of miners, bathers, alchemists, midwives, barber-surgeons and executioners. He argued for changes in the way the body was understood, how disease was defined and how treatments were created, but he was also moved by mystical speculations, an alchemical view of nature and an intriguing concept of creation. Bruce T. Moran tells the story of how alchemy refashioned medical practice, and brings to light the ideas, workings and major texts of an important Renaissance figure, showing how his tenacity and endurance changed the medical world for the better, and brought new perspectives to the study of nature.

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Book SynopsisPharmacy and Medicine in Ancient Egypt presents the proceedings of the 3rd International Conference on Pharmacy and Medicine in Ancient Egypt (Barcelona, October 25-26, 2018). The conference included presentations on new research and advances in the topics covered in the first two conferences (Cairo, 2007 and Manchester, 2008). It showcased the most recent pharmaceutical and medical studies on human remains and organic and plant material from ancient Egypt, together with related discussions on textual and iconographic evidence, to evaluate the present state of knowledge and the advances we have made on pharmacy and veterinary and human medicine in Ancient Egypt. The conference program combined plenary sessions, oral communications and posters with discussions that established interdisciplinary collaborations between researchers and research groups to formulate breakthrough approaches in these fi elds. Participation in the conference and poster sessions ranged from distinguished researchers and professors from academic institutions, museums and universities, to postgraduates and doctoral students at the beginning of their careers.Table of ContentsPreface and Acknowledgement ; Conference Program ; Third International Conference on Pharmacy and Medicine in Ancient Egypt (October 25-26, 2018) ; Antibacterial Analysis of the Minerals Used for Ocular Remedies in Ancient Egypt – Marc Argilés, Roger Sabi and Maria Soledad Marqués-Calvo ; Epidemics and Their Aftermath in Ancient Egypt – Rosalie David ; Application of Oils and Resins During the Process of Mummification: Experimental Analysis and Study Problems – Laura García-Jiménez ; ‘An Approach to Translating shrt and DArt Compared Methods (Mercè Gaya Montserrat) [Open Access: Download] ; Palaeopathology of an Antique Population. Kharga Oasis in Ptolemaic And Roman Times – Roger Lichtenberg ; A Second Birth to Eternity – Elizabeth Monlouis ; Experimental Mummification Using Herodotus Description - A 7-Year Longterm Experience of a Human-Sized Animal Model – Andreas G. Nerlich, Andreas Saleh, Pascale Röcker, Heike Freidank, Johannes Fischer, Michael Bock, Stephanie Panzer and Oliver Peschel ; A Case for Disease Control in Captured Birds Using Hyena Saliva? – Rosalind Park ; Bone Identification and Angulometry of the Foot and Ankle in Egypt’s Mummies – Patrícia Rodríguez Corbera, Berta Torrents Pérez, Pablo Martínez-Escauriaza Peral, Rosa Dinarès Solà and Jesús Herrerín López ; Egyptian Medical Civilization: from Dawn of History to Kasr Al Ainy School – Sahar Saleem ; The Pure Priest of Sekhmet, Between Health and Disease – Núria Torras Benezet ; A Historical Case. Dermatoglyphic Identification of Fingerprints of the TT 11 Tomb of Djehuty Project (1069 BC TO 945 BC) – Berta Torrents Pérez, Pablo Martínez-Escauriaza Peral, Patricia Rodríguez Corbera, Rosa Dinarès Solà, Jesús Herrerín López

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