History and Archaeology Books

Book SynopsisThe essays in this volume deal with the history of rhetoric and education for the thousand years from the early Middle Ages to the European Renaissance. They represent the author's pioneering efforts over four decades to piece together a kind of mosaic which will provide elements necessary to construct a history of that thousand years of language activity. Some essays deal with individual writers like Giles of Rome, Peter Ramus, Gulielmus Traversanus, or Antonio Nebrija, some focus on the influence of Cicero and Quintilian and other ancient sources. The essays dealing specifically with education open up different inquiries into the ways language use was promoted, and by whom. Others explore the relations between Latin rhetoric and medieval English literature and, finally, several deal with the impact of printing, a subject still not completely understood.Table of ContentsContents: Preface. The Middle Ages: Western rhetoric in the Middle Ages; The rhetorical lore of the Boceras in Byhrtferth's Manual; The teaching of Latin as a second language in the 12th century; Two medieval textbooks in debate; The scholastic condemnation of rhetoric in the commentary of Giles of Rome on the Rhetoric of Aristotle; Dictamen as a developed genre: the 14th century 'Brevis doctrina dictaminis' of Ventura da Bergamo (with David Thomson); Quintilian's influence on the teaching of speaking and writing in the Middle Ages and Renaissance; Poetry without genre: the metapoetics of the Middle Ages; Rhetoric in 14th-century Oxford. Applications of Latin Rhetoric in Medieval English Literature: A new look at Chaucer and the Rhetoricians; John Gower's Confessio Amantis and the first discussion of rhetoric in the English language; Rhetoric and dialectic in The Owl and the Nightingale. The Renaissance: One thousand neglected authors: the scope and importance of Renaisance rhetoric; Rhetoric in the earliest days of printing, 1465-1500; Caxton's two choices: 'Modern' and 'Medieval' rhetoric in Traversagni's Nova Rhetorica and the anonymous Court of Sapience; Ciceronian influences in Latin rhetorical compendia of the 15th century; Raffaele Regio's 1492 Quaestio doubting Cicero's authorship of the Rhetorica ad Herennium: introduction and text (with Michael Winterbottom); The double revolution of the first rhetorical textbook published in England: The Margarita Eloquentiae of Gulielmus Traversagnus (1479); Antonio Nebrija in the European rhetorical tradition; The relation between Omer Talon's Institutiones Oratoriae (1545) and the Rhetorica (1548) attributed to him; Index.

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Book SynopsisRichard Newhauser examines here aspects of the moral tradition of medieval thought, specifically the construction of the seven deadly sins, their offspring, and related schematizations of immorality in the Latin West. The emphasis in these studies is on the malleability of moral categories, their relationship to changes in medieval culture, and the creativity and sensitivity of the thinkers who made use of the concepts of sinfulness in the Middle Ages. The first section examines the contexts in which the seven deadly sins (or nine accessory sins) are found in medieval Latin, English, and German texts, and in particular the genre of the treatise on vices and virtues as the major vehicle in which concepts of immorality were examined and presented to a variety of audiences for meditative or pastoral purposes. The second section deals with one of the more interesting of the seven deadly sins, avarice, in its penitential, literary, apocalyptic, and institutional contexts, as its definition changed slowly with developing commercial experiences in medieval Europe. In the last section the breadth of the concept of a sinful curiosity is examined, and its historical development is delineated in the thought of Augustine of Hippo and the early Cistercians.Table of ContentsContents: Introduction. Part 1 Contexts: On ambiguity in moral theology: when the vices masquerade as virtues; The treatise on vices and virtues as a medieval genre and its structural foundations in the Classical tradition; Alle sunde hant vnterschidunge: Der Tugend- und Lastertraktat als literarische Gattung im Mittelalter; The Parson's Tale and its generic affiliations; From treatise to sermon: Johannes Herolt on the novem peccata aliena; A la redécouverte de Willem Jordaens. Part 2 Avarice: The love of money as deadly sin and deadly disease; Towards modus in habendo: transformations in the idea of avarice.The early penitentials through the Carolingian reforms; Avarice and the Apocalypse; Avaritia und Paupertas: zur Stellung der frühen Franziskaner in der Geschichte der Habsucht; The meaning of Gawain's greed; Patristic Poggio? The evidence of Györ, Egyházmegyei Könyvtár MS. I.4. Part 3 Curiosity: Towards a history of human curiosity: a prolegomenon to its medieval phase; Augustinian vitium curiositatis and its reception; The sin of curiosity and the Cistercians. Addenda and corrigenda; Index.

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Book SynopsisMost ancient history focuses on the urban elite. Papyrology explores the daily lives of the more typical men and women in antiquity. Aphrodito, a village in sixth-century AD Egypt, is antiquity''s best source for micro-level social history. The archive of Dioskoros of Aphrodito introduces thousands of people living the normal business of their lives: loans, rent contracts, work agreements, marriage, divorce. In exceptional cases, the papyri show raw conflict: theft, plunder, murder. Throughout, Dioskoros struggles to keep his family in power in Aphrodito, and to keep Aphrodito independent from the local tax collectors. The emerging picture is a different vision of Roman late antiquity than what we see from the view of the urban elites. It is a world of free peasants building networks of trust largely beyond the reach of the state. Aphrodito''s eighth-century AD papyri show that this world dies in the early years of Islamic rule.Trade Review'… this is an impressive book and an excellent introduction to Aphrodito and the wealth of its material BEFORE the Islamic Conquest … will leave the reader wanting more, it also provides the tools for further exploration.' Jennifer Cromwell, Bryn Mawr Classical Review'Ruffini's presentation is an optimistic vision of late antique Egypt and the ability of its inhabitants to get on and live their lives without due interference from outside. For Ruffini there is no oppressive state or crushing bureaucracy, and the religious controversies of the period pass most of the population by.' Gareth Sears, Medieval Archaeology'Life in An Egyptian Village in Late Antiquity is a well-organized exploration of a rich archival source-a corpus rendered less daunting, for the outsider, by Ruffini's imaginative prose.' Nancy Khalek, Journal of Near Eastern StudiesTable of Contents1. Aphrodito in Egypt; 2. A world of violence; 3. A world of law; 4. Dioskoros, caught in between; 5. Working in the fields; 6. Town crafts and trades; 7. Looking to heaven; 8. From cradle to grave; 9. Aphrodito's women; 10. Big men and strangers; 11. Life in the big city; 12. Conclusion.

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Book SynopsisThe first part of a two-volume history of the Habsburg Empire from its medieval origins to its dismemberment in the First World War.This important volume (which is self-contained) meets a long-felt need for a systematic survey in English of the Habsburgs and their lands in the late medieval and early modern periods. It is primarily concerned with the Habsburg territories in central and northern Europe, but the history of the Spanish Habsburgs in Spain and the Netherlands is also covered. The book, like the Habsburgs themselves, deals with an immense range of lands and peoples: clear, balanced, and authoritative, it is a remarkable feat of synthethis and exposition.Table of ContentsList of maps and Genealogical tables. Translator's Note. Foreword. Introduction. 1. The origins. 2. The Early history of Austria and its neighbouring lands. 3. The acquisition of Austria (1278). 4. The period of establishment (1291-1439). 5. The Hussite revolution and its consequences. 6. The strengthening of the power of the nobility. 7. Frederick III (1440-93). 8. Danubian Europe and the threat from the Turks. 9. The Renaissance north of the Alps. 10. The work of Maximilian I (1459-1519). 11. The Empire of Charles V and the Universal Monarchy. 12. The formation of the Austrian monarchy (1525-7). 13. The new state after 1527. 14. Ferdinand and the Reformation. 15. The struggle against the Ottoman Empire (1527-68). 16. Economic prosperity and social tensions in the 16thc. 17. Philip II, head of the House of Habsburg (1556-98). 18. Catholic reformation or Counter Reformation. 19. Rudolf II (1576-1611): the triumph of Prague. 20. Ferdinand II and the Thrity Years War. 21. The Peace of Prague to the Peace of Westphalia (1635-48). 22. The task of reconstruction. 23. The Counter-Reformation in the 17th Century. 24. The re-birth of the Turkish peril and the Siege of Vienna. 25. Baroque Austria. Chronology. Glossary of German terms. Guide to further reading. Bibliography. maps and genealogical tables. Index.

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Book SynopsisHistory Flows through Us introduces a new dialogue between leading historians and psychoanalysts and provides essential insights into the nature of historical trauma. The contributors German historians, historians of the Holocaust and psychoanalysts of different disciplinary backgrounds address the synergy between history and psychoanalysis in an engaging and accessible manner. Together they develop a response to German history and the Holocaust that is future-oriented and timely in the presence of today's ethnic hatreds. In the process, they help us to appreciate the emotional and political legacy of history's collective crimes.This book illustrates how history and the psyche shape one another and the degree to which history flows through all of us as human beings. Its innovative cross-disciplinary approach draws on the work of the historian and psychoanalyst Thomas Kohut. The volume includes an extended dialogue with Kohut in which he reflects on the studyTrade Review"History Flows Through Us offers an array of essays by a distinguished group of historians and psychoanalysts that will be important for future studies of trauma, the Holocaust, and other instances of extreme violence in both history and personal life. It offers interacting ways of attempting to understand the past as accurately and compassionately as possible while also entering into critical dialogue with voices that continue to haunt the present. Roger Frie’s concluding, thought-provoking exchange with Thomas Kohut on history and psychoanalysis is one among many outstanding features of the book."-Dominick LaCapra, Professor Emeritus of History and of Comparative Literature, Bowmar Professor Emeritus of Humanistic Studies, Cornell University"This book is a beautiful tribute to the imaginative oeuvre of the historian-psychoanalyst Thomas Kohut. The authors gathered here offer a wealth of marvelously fresh, provocative and crucial critical insights into the workings of memory and history alike."-Dagmar Herzog, author of Cold War Freud: Psychoanalysis in an Age of Catastrophes"Roger Frie's wide-ranging volume addresses the German and Jewish pasts from historical, psychoanalytic and philosophical perspectives. In doing so, readers are introduced to cutting-edge research on memory, transference, trauma and emotions as they pertain to the study of mass violence in the twentieth century. The book is a most welcome reminder that the disciplines of history and psychology can benefit from a closer dialogue."-Anthony D. Kauders, Reader in Modern European History, Keele UniversityTable of ContentsHistorical Trauma and Lived Experience: An Introduction Roger Frie I. Remembering the Past 1. From Psychohistory to Memory Studies: Or how some Germans became Jews and some Jews became Nazis Alon Confino 2. "Memory" and its Discontents Dorothee Wierling II. Responding to the Past 3. Experiential History: Understanding Backwards Donna M. Orange 4. "Unprecedented": Concepts and Narratives about Mass Violence and the Holocaust Alexandra Garbarini 5. Transmitting Hate: On the Process of Hating and Being Hated Jörg Bose III: Confronting the Past 6. The Stowaway: Reality, the Holocaust and the Historical Unconscious Robert Prince 7. National Nightmare: The Legacy of Perpetrator Trauma M. Gerard Fromm 8. Not as One Would Like to Imagine: Psychoanalysis During and After the Third Reich Emily Kuriloff IV: Bridging Psychoanalysis and History 9. Psyche and History: Wilhelm II and his Role in German Politics Reconsidered Ute Daniel 10. Fathers and Sons: The Kohut Odyssey Geoffrey Cocks 11. Psychoanalysis and History at the Crossroads: A Dialogue with Thomas Kohut Roger Frie

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Book Synopsis This is a new series which publishes for the first time the correspondences of Sir Harry Smith Parkes (1828 1885) the second British Minister of Japan, and includes the complete transcriptions of his private' letters to and from Edmund Hammond, permanent Under-Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs, who was the decision maker about major issues in the British relation to Asia, and his successors at the Ministry of Foreign Affairs. Chronologically arranged, the series covers all such letters during his 18 years in Japan and with the first volume for Bakumatsu, the end of the Shogunate era. Parkes arrived in Japan in 1865 as the second Minister Plenipotentiary and Consul General of the United Kingdom to Japan and stayed at the position till 1883. He was one of the few who observed Japan during its turbulent period of Westernization, and supported the reformers to establish the new government. His efforts and services, alongside his secretaries sucTable of ContentsPlatesForeword by Mayuko Sano Introduction PRIVATE CORRESPONDENCE BETWEEN SIR HARRY PARKES AND EDMUND HAMMOND18 November – 30 December 1865 26 January – 31 December 186616 January – 29 December 1867 5 January – 31 December 1868 Appendix 1: Minutes of a Conference of the 14th Nov. 1865Appendix 2: Establishment of Tariff Duties Index

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Book Synopsis Crime and Society in Twentieth-Century England traces the broad pattern of criminal offending over a hundred year period that experienced unprecedented levels of upheaval and change. This period included two world wars, the end of the British Empire, significant shifts in both gender relations and ethnic mix and a decline in the power of the economy. In this new textbook, Professor Clive Emsley provides an up-to-date assessment of changes in attitudes to crime as well as of the developments in policing, in the courts and in penal sanctions over the course of the century. He explores the impact of growing gender equality and ethnic diversity on crime and criminal justice, and looks at the way in which crime became increasingly central to political agendas in the last third of the century.Written in a clear and accessible manner, the book examines:    Perceptions of crime and criminality across the century    VTrade Review"There is much to savour here. Crime and Society in Twentieth-Century England provides a very good introduction to the historiography...Emsley points out some of its deficiencies, which should inspire undergraduate dissertations on property crime amongst other things. Like its sister volume, this should become a standard text for courses on crime in modern England and is the ideal accompaniment to Police and Policing in the Twentieth Century." - Mark Roodhouse, University of YorkTable of ContentsList of tables and figures. Preface and acknowledgements. Abbreviations used in the notes. Introduction. The Pattern of Crime. Criminal Lives. Crime and the Young. Organised Crime: Professional Criminals. Media Narratives. Expert Narratives. Police and Policing. The Courts. Penal Policy and Penal Experience. Some Conclusions.Further Reading: Further Research. Index.

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Book SynopsisP.D.A. Harvey is a historian of medieval rural England with a wide interest in the history of cartography; this collection of his essays brings together both these strands. It first looks at the English countryside from the 10th century to the 15th, investigating problems in particular documents, in the village community and in underlying long-term changes. How landlords drew profits from their property in the eleventh and twelfth centuries, how and why there followed changes in the way landed estates were run and in the written records they produced, what new light their personal seals can throw on medieval peasants, are all among the topics discussed, while the local management of large estates and the development of the peasant land market are themes that recur throughout. There follow essays on the way maps were brought into the management of landed estates in the 16th and 17th centuries, starting with the introduction of consistent scale into mapping, a new concept crucially imporTrade Review'Manors and Maps is a fitting testament to the oeuvre of Professor Harvey and is recommended to any serious scholar of medieval and early modern English history and cartography.' IMCoS Journal 'All of the essays brought together in this collection are masterpieces that will stand the test of time, and each is a delight to read, expressed in clear, jargon-free prose, of a kind all too rare in academic writing today.' Nigel Saul, Economic History ReviewTable of ContentsContents: Preface; Rectitudines singularum personarum and Gerefa; The manorial reeve in 12th-century England; English cathedral estates in the 12th century; Non-agrarian activities in 12th-century English estate surveys; Initiative and authority in settlement change; The Pipe Rolls and the adoption of demesne farming in England; The English inflation of 1180-1220; Boldon Book and the wards between Tyne and Tees; Aspects of the peasant land market in England, 13th-15th centuries; The peasant land market in medieval England - and beyond; Personal seals in 13th-century England; Agricultural treatises and manorial accounting in medieval England; Mid-13th-century accounts from Bury St Edmunds Abbey; The Portsmouth map of 1545 and the introduction of scale maps into England; Estate surveyors and the spread of the scale-map in England 1550-80; A manuscript estate map by Christopher Saxton; English estate maps: their early history and their use as historical evidence; The documents of landscape history: snares and delusions; Index.

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Book SynopsisThis selection of nineteen essays by Nigel Wilkins, in English and in French, is characterised by an inter-disciplinary approach crossing the borders between music, language, literature, history, palaeography and iconography. The principal topic is lyric poetry in the fourteenth and fifteenth centuries, mostly French and English, both with and without music, and in various contexts. Guillaume de Machaut, the dominant poet-musician of the age, is the central figure: his influence is traced in poets such as Froissart, Deschamps, Christine de Pisan, Charles d''Orléans, Villon, Gower and Chaucer, and in the poet-musicians who came after him. The question of patronage is investigated. The development of the principal lyric forms, rondeau, ballade and virelai, is explored on both sides of the Channel, as is the way they were used, for example in miracle plays and in court entertainment. A Flemish painting of 1493 helps us discover the rÃle of music in the ceremonies of trade and religious guTable of ContentsContents: Preface; Part I Old and Middle French Literature: Yet more concerning the tavern bills in Jean Bodel's Jeu de Saint Nicolas; The structure of ballades, rondeaux and virelais in Froissart and in Christine de Pisan; Charles d'Orléans: avec musique ou non?; François Villon, poète universel; En regardant vers le païs de France: the ballade and the rondeau, a cross-Channel history. Part II Lyric Poetry and Music in the 14th Century: The Codex Reina: a revised description; Some notes on Philipoctus de Caserta (c.1360?-c.1435); The post-Machaut generation of poet-musicians; Music in the 14th century Miracles de Nostre Dame; Guillaume de Machaut 1300-1377; The late medieval French lyric: with music and without; A pattern of patronage: Machaut, Froissart and the Houses of Luxembourg and Bohemia in the 14th century; Music and poetry at court: England and France in the late Middle Ages; Chaucer and music. Part III Musical Iconography: The birds, the bishop and the music of brass; Le fête de la guilde des Archers du Maître de Francfort (1493) et la musique des confréries. Part IV General Studies in Music, Language and Literature: The Devil's music; Le plurilinguisme au Moyen Age dans le contexte musical; D'où vient la créativité musicale? Le rôle de l'inspiration dans la musique médiévale; Index.

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Book SynopsisThe history of the economic contacts between Asia and Europe dates back to at least the early years of the Common Era. But it was only after the overcoming of the transport technology barrier to the growth of trade between the two continents following the discovery by the Portuguese at the end of the 15th century of the all-water route to the East Indies that these contacts became regular and quantitatively significant. The Portuguese were joined at the beginning of the 17th century by the Dutch and the English East India companies. The Europeans operated in the Indian Ocean alongside the Indian and other Asian merchants with no special privileges being available to them. The present collection of essays by Professor Om Prakash first deals with the Indian merchants' participation in the Indian Ocean trade on the eve of the Europeans' arrival in the Ocean. The subsequent essays include a discussion of the Portuguese involvement in the Euro-Asian and the Indian Ocean trade. Attention iTable of ContentsContents: Introduction. Euro-Asian Encounter: Euro-Asian encounter in the early modern period. India in the Indian Ocean Trade: India in the Indian Ocean trading network on the eve of the Europeans’ arrival in the Asian seas. European Trading Enterprises: (a) The Portuguese: Asian merchants and the Portuguese trade in Asia; The economic dimension of the Portuguese enterprise in Asia; Cooperation and conflict among European traders in the Indian Ocean in the late 18th century; (b) The Dutch: Financing the European trade with Asia in the early modern period: Dutch initiatives and innovations; 17th-century India as seen by the Dutch; (c) The English: The English East India Company and India; (d) The Dutch and the English: Alternative trading strategies: the Dutch and the English East India Companies in Asia, 1600-1650. European Private Traders: European private traders in the eastern Indian Ocean trading network in the early modern period; English private trade in the western Indian Ocean, 1720-1740. Textile Manufacturing and Trade: Bengal textiles in 17th-century international trade; From negotiation to coercion: textile manufacturing in India in the 18th century. Long Distance Trade, Coinage and Wages: Long distance trade, coinage and wages in India, 1600-1960. Trade and Politics in 18th-Century Bengal: Trade and politics in 18th century Bengal. Index.

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Book SynopsisAngeliki Laiou (1941-2008), one of the leading Byzantinists of her generation, broke new ground in the study of the social and economic history of the Byzantine Empire. Byzantium and the Other: Relations and Exchanges, the second of three volumes to be published posthumously in the Variorum Collected Studies Series, brings together fourteen articles published between 1982 and 2012 that reflect her enduring interest in Byzantium''s political, ideological, and commercial relations with its neighbours. The first three articles examine Byzantine attitudes and institutional responses to foreigners and strangers within the empire, while the next four concern Byzantium''s response to the Crusades and, more generally, to questions of justice in the spheres of conflict and colonisation. The final seven articles investigate Byzantium''s political and commercial relations with other regional and Mediterranean powers; particular emphasis is placed on Venice and Genoa, whose increasing involvement Trade Review'As this collection of papers worthily represents, Angeliki Laiou’s scholarship deserves wide dissemination and readership for those interested in Byzantium, the Crusades, and Mediterranean economic history. Her insightful interaction with numerous sources both Byzantine and otherwise coupled with her originality of approach make for both interesting and essential reading. The editors, Cécile Morrison and Rowan Dorin, as well as Ashgate, deserve our gratitude for bringing these articles together and making them accessible.' Reviews in HistoryTable of ContentsContents: Preface, Cécile Morrisson and Rowan Dorin; Introduction, David Jacoby; Part I Byzantium and the Other: The foreigner and the stranger in 12th-century Byzantium: means of propitiation and acculturation; L'étranger de passage et l'étranger privilégié Ã Byzance, XIe - XIIe siècles; Institutional mechanisms of integration. Part II Byzantium and the Crusades: Byzantium and the crusades in the 12th century: why was the 4th Crusade late in coming?; On just war in Byzantium; The just war of eastern Christians and the Holy War of the crusaders; The many faces of medieval colonization. Part III Long Distance Trade and Relations: Byzantine trade with Christians and Muslims and the crusades; Venice as a centre of trade and of artistic production in the 13th century; Italy and the Italians in the political geography of the Byzantines (14th century); Monopoly and privilege: the Byzantine reaction to the Genoese presence in the Black Sea; Monopoly and privileged free trade in the Eastern Mediterranean (8th-14th century); Regional networks in the Balkans in the middle and late Byzantine period; Byzantium and the neighboring powers: small-state policies and complexities; Index.

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Book SynopsisOriginally published between 1981 and 2003, the thirteen essays collected here cover topics in medieval rhetoric from its origins in late antiquity through the end of the Middle Ages. Most of the essays are concerned with the teaching of prose composition, especially the art of letter writing known as the ars dictaminis, and many of them focus on specific textbooks that were used for such instruction, in particular those composed in England from the twelfth through the fifteenth centuries. Individual essays are devoted to works by major figures such as Saint Augustine, Peter of Blois, and Geoffrey of Vinsauf; to teaching programmes at important academic centres such as Oxford and Bologna; and to such topics as the relationship between the art of letter writing and the art of poetry, the oral dimension of medieval epistolography, the manuscript traditions of influential textbooks, medieval genre terminology, and the position of medieval rhetoric within a continuous disciplinary history Trade Review'Alongside important theoretical discussions on the status of medieval rhetoric, Camargo's book makes major contributions to our knowledge of medieval rhetorical textbooks by discussing their pedagogy and by offering editions of two unpublished treatises.' Scriptorium-Bulletin CodicologiqueTable of ContentsContents: Introduction; Part A Theory and Practice: Defining medieval rhetoric; 'Non solum sibi sed aliis etiam': neoplatonism and rhetoric in Saint Augustine's De doctrina christiana; Where's the brief? The ars dictaminis and reading/writing between the lines; The varieties of prose dictamen as defined by the dictatores. Part B Pedagogy: The pedagogy of the dictatores; 'Si dictare velis': versified artes dictandi and late medieval writing pedagogy; Between grammar and rhetoric: composition teaching at Oxford and Bologna in the late Middle Ages; Beyond the Libri Catoniani: models of Latin prose style at Oxford University ca.1400. Part C Texts and Transmission: Tria sunt: the long and the short of Geoffrey of Vinsauf's Documentum de modo et arte dictandi et vesificandi; A 12th-century treatise on dictamen and metaphor; Toward a comprehensive art of written discourse: Geoffrey of Vinsauf and the ars dictaminis; The Libellus de arte dictandi rhetorice attributed to Peter of Blois; The English manuscripts of Bernard of Meung's Flores dictaminum; Addenda; Indexes.

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Book SynopsisThis volume brings together a selection of lectures and essays in which J.A. Burrow discusses the work of English poets of the late fourteenth and early fifteenth centuries: Chaucer, Gower, Langland, and Hoccleve, as well as the anonymous authors of Pearl, Saint Erkenwald, and a pair of metrical romances. Six of the pieces address general issues, with some reference to French and Italian writings (''Autobiographical Poetry in the Middle Ages'', for example, or ''The Poet and the Book''); but most of them concentrate on particular English poems, such as Chaucer''s Envoy to Scogan, Gower''s Confessio Amantis, Langland''s Piers Plowman, and Hoccleve''s Series. Although some of the essays take account of the poet''s life and times (''Chaucer as Petitioner'', ''Hoccleve and the ''Court''''), most are mainly concerned with the meaning and structure of the poems. What, for example, does the hero of Ipomadon hope to achieve by fighting, as he always does, incognito? Why do the stories in PiersTrade Review'What medievalist would not want to have readily available a collection of twenty-three essays by John A. Burrow, the unerringly discerning critic of Ricardian poetry?' Modern Language ReviewTable of ContentsContents: Thinking in poetry: three medieval examples; The poet and the book; The sinking island and the dying author: R.W. Chambers 50 years on; The languages of medieval England; Autobiographical poetry in the Middle Ages: the case of Thomas Hoccleve; Poems without endings; Politeness and privacy: Chaucer's Book of the Duchess; Vituperations in Chaucer's poetry; Chaucer's Sir Thopas and La Prise de Nuevile; Chaucer as petitioner: three poems; The poetry of Amans in Confessio Amantis; Gower's poetic styles; The endings of stories in Piers Plowman; Lady Meed and the power of money; God and the fullness of time in Piers Plowman; The old and new ploughs in Piers Plowman; Hoccleve and the 'court'; Hoccleve and the Middle French poets; An 18th-century edition of Hoccleve; Hoccleve's questions: intonation and punctuation; The 14th-century Arthur; The Avowing of King Arthur; The uses of incognito: Ipomadon A; Index.

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Book SynopsisThis volume explores a range of topics during a turbulent period in British history, with particular emphasis on political change and popular piety. On the eve of the Reformation, religious beliefs were shaped by a church which was falling under the growing control of the state, and by responses to England''s one and only heretical movement, Lollardy. In political life, gradual disengagement from a cross-Channel political world was followed by civil war and the eventual rise of a strong Tudor monarchy. As this volume demonstrates in a number of ways, the impact of many of these macro changes was felt across the British Isles, not just in England. But the studies presented here frequently explore major change through the experience of the middling sort: the gentry active in local government, the English merchants and Scottish immigrants making important life choices in major cities, or the industrious clerics charged with the routine administration of the church. By looking at theTable of ContentsContents: Preface; Part 1 Popular Piety and Heresy in the British Isles: St Eilund of Brecon and her cult; Wealth, poverty and mercantile ethics in late medieval London; Piety and charity in late medieval London; Tithe disputes in later medieval London; Orthodox religion and the origins of Lollardy; A Lollard rising in Kent: 1431 or 1438?; John Foxe and some sources for Lollard history: notes for a critical appraisal; Knightly piety and the margins of Lollardy. Part 2 The Church and the British Isles in the late Middle Ages: Papalism and conciliarism in Antonio Roselli’s Monarchia; ’The well of grace’. Englishmen and Rome in the 15th century; Innocent VIII and the Scottish Church; Two Exeter decanal elections, 1509; Richard Tollet and Thomas Cornish: two West Country early Tudor churchmen; Some new light on the elevation of Patrick Graham; Bishop Lionel Woodville and Richard III. Part 3 Lords and Laymen in 15th-Century England: The Courtenay family in the Yorkist period; Richard III and Lord Hastings - a problematical case reviewed; John de la Pole, Duke of Suffolk; Scots in England in the 15th century. Part 4 Sources and Problems in Late Medieval English History: ’Warkworth’s Chronicle’ reconsidered; ’The Arrival of Edward IV’ - the development of the text; The continuation of ’Gregory’s Chronicle’ - a possible author; The death of Edward V: Dr Richmond’s dating reconsidered; Index.

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Book SynopsisDespite William Hunter's stature as one of the most important collectors and men of science of the eighteenth century, and the fact that his collection is the foundation of Scotland's oldest public museum, The Hunterian, until now there has been no comprehensive examination in a single volume of all his collections in their diversity. This volume restores Hunter to a rightful position of prominence among the medical men whose research and amassing of specimens transformed our understanding of the natural world and man's position within it. This volume comprises essays by international specialists and are as diverse as Hunter's collections themselves, dealing as they do with material that ranges from medical and scientific specimens, to painting, prints, books and manuscripts. The first sections focus upon Hunter's own collection and his response to it, while the final section contextualises Hunter within the wider sphere. A special feature of the volume is the inclusion of references Trade Review'The essays in William Hunter's World firmly establish their subject in the circle of outstanding figures of late Enlightenment society. In this volume, for the first time, physical evidence for the wide range of Hunter's scholarship is examined in depth through the holdings of his museum and library, to provide a remarkable compendium of his achievements and to signpost potential lines of research that will continue to consolidate the reputation of this major figure of the later eighteenth century.' Arthur Macgregor, Editor, Journal of the History of Collections 'The essays that comprise William Hunter's World: The Art and Science of Eighteenth-Century Collecting do justice to the remarkable subject of this important publication, both in their wide intellectual compass, and in their international scope. As the first in-depth examination of the massive collections amassed by Hunter as an Enlightenment physician and experimental naturalist whose curiosity coursed the whole of the natural world, as well as the global sweep of human culture, this volume leaves no doubt that he was one of the great modern thinkers of his age. The essayists demonstrate Hunter’s signal contributions to the transformation of a broad spectrum of fields, from obstetrics and human anatomy, to ethnography and zoology, while promoting the professional practice of the visual arts, both as a collector and patron, and as the first professor of anatomy at the Royal Academy. Most importantly, the authors point to the value of Hunter’s magnificent collections as an essential means by which to gain an understanding of his drive and accomplishments, opening new lines of investigation to be pursued in the holdings of the University of Glasgow, which constitute Hunter’s great legacy.' Amy Meyers, Director, Yale Center for British Art, USA"William Hunter’s world is an excellent demonstration of how the histories of art and science can be enriched through attention to their intertwined material cultures. Interesting themes to emerge include the idea of encounters and exchanges within the collection; Hunter’s use of objects for teaching and research; museum documentation and what it can tell us about the emergence, transformation or dying away of disciplines; and questions of privacy in an era when dissection was conducted in private but its products were placed on display. The title provides a solid foundation for future William Hunter studies."- Felicity Roberts, in Archives of Natural History, 2017Table of ContentsContents: Foreword, David Gaimster; Introduction, Mungo Campbell. Part I William Hunter: Developing his Museum: The Great Windmill Street Anatomy School and Museum, Helen McCormack; Anatomy and the ’museum oeconomy’: William and John Hunter as collectors, Simon Chaplin. Part II William Hunter: Anatomy in Practice: William Hunter’s sources of pathological and anatomical specimens, with particular reference to obstetric subjects, Stuart W. McDonald and John W. Faithfull; ’An universal language’: William Hunter and the production of The Anatomy of the Human Gravid Uterus, Caroline Grigson; The anatomist and the artists: Hunter’s involvement, Anne Dulau Beveridge; William Hunter’s anatomical and pathological specimens, Stuart W. McDonald. Part III William Hunter: Collector: Animal specimens in William Hunter’s anatomical collection, Stuart W. McDonald and Margaret Reilly; William Hunter’s zoological collections, Margaret Reilly; The shaping role of Johann Christian Fabricius: William Hunter’s insect collection and entomology in 18th-century London, E. Geoffrey Hancock; Dr John Fothergill: significant donor, Starr Douglas; The mineral collection of William Hunter: assembly and function, John W. Faithfull; A collection without a catalogue: Captain John Laskey and the missing vertebrate fossils from the collection of William Hunter, Jeff Liston; Archaeological objects in William Hunter’s collection, Sally-Anne Coupar; William Hunter’s parade shield: a memento of Leonardo’s Milan?, Martin Kemp; Ethnographic treasures in the Hunterian from Cook’s voyages, Adrienne L. Kaeppler; ’At last in Dr Hunter’s library’: William Hunter’s Chinese collections, Nick Pearce; William Hunter’s numismatic books, Donal Bateson; The ’Hunterian orchard’: William Hunter’s library, David Weston. Part IV William Hunter: The Wider World: On the way to the museum: Frederich The Great’s Bildergalerie in the park of Sanssouci in the context of other paint

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Book SynopsisOne of the significant developments in scholarship in the latter half of the twentieth century was the awareness among historians of ideas, historians of theology, and medievalists of the importance of the Christian scriptures in the Latin Middle Ages. In contrast to an earlier generation of scholars who considered the medieval period as a 'Bible-free zone', recent investigations have shown the central role of scripture in literature, art, law, liturgy, and formal religious education. Indeed, to understand the Latin Middle Ages one must understand the value they placed upon the Bible, how they related to it, and how they studied it. However, despite the new emphasis on the Bible's role and the place of exegesis in medieval thought, our detailed understanding is all too meagre - and generalisations, often imagined as valid for a period of close to a millennium, abound. How the Scriptures were used in one pursuit (formal theology for example relied heavily on 'allegory') was often very Table of ContentsContents: Preface; Introduction; Part 1 Processing the Patristic Inheritance: ‘Aquae super caelos (Gen 1:6-7): the first faith-science debate?; The controversy over Methuselah’s death: proto-chronology and the origins of the western concept of inerrancy; Adam’s burial at Hebron: some aspects of its significance in the Latin tradition; A woman’s plight and the western fathers. Part 2 Developing New Exegetical Strategies: Julian of Toledo’s Antikeimenon and the development of Latin Exegesis; The exegetical purpose of Adomnán’s De Locis Sanctis; The symbol gives life: Eucherius of Lyons’ formula for exegesis; Biblical contradictions in the Periphyseon and the development of Eriugena’s method; The plan of the New Jerusalem in the Book of Armagh. Part 3 Exegesis as a Practice: Adam’s Rib and the equality of the sexes: some medieval exegesis of Gen 2:21-22; The waters above the heavens, Isidore, and the Latin tradition; Seeking the early medieval view on the Song of Songs; The gates of Hell: from metaphor to fact; The mysticism of number in the medieval period before Eriugena; Individual anonymity and collective identity: the enigma of early medieval Latin theologians; Indexes.

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Book Synopsis''They have left here today!'' he calls to the others. When King puts his hand down above the ashes of the fire, it is to find it still hot. There is even a tiny flame flickering from the end of one log. They must have left just hours ago.''MELBOURNE, 20 AUGUST 1860. In an ambitious quest to be the first Europeans to cross the harsh Australian continent, the Victorian Exploring Expedition sets off, farewelled by 15,000 cheering well-wishers. Led by Robert O''Hara Burke, a brave man totally lacking in the bush skills necessary for his task; surveyor and meteorologist William Wills; and 17 others, the expedition took 20 tons of equipment carried on six wagons, 23 horses and 26camels.Almost immediately plagued by disputes and sackings, the expeditioners battled the extremes of the Australian landscape and weather: its deserts, the boggy mangrove swamps of the Gulf, the searing heat and flooding rains. Food ran short and, unable to live off the land, the men n

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Book SynopsisIn Renaissance and early modern Europe, various constellations of phenomena-ranging from sex scandals to legal debates to flurries of satirical prints-collectively demonstrate, at different times and places, an increased concern with cuckoldry, impotence and adultery. This concern emerges in unusual events (such as scatological rituals of house-scorning), appears in neglected sources (such as drawings by Swiss mercenary soldier-artists), and engages innovative areas of inquiry (such as the intersection between medical theory and Renaissance comedy). Interdisciplinary analytical tools are here deployed to scrutinize court scandals and decipher archival documents. Household recipes, popular literary works and a variety of visual media are examined in the light of contemporary sexual culture and contextualized with reference to current social and political issues. The essays in this volume reveal the central importance of sexuality and sexual metaphor for our understanding of European hisTrade Review"This volume convincingly argues that historical studies have long reflected the double standard by which women are primarily blamed for adultery, while little scholarly attention has been paid to the male side of the coin. For the first time a team of historians, art historians and scholars of drama and literature investigate this ubiquitous aspect of the erotic cultures of the past by close reading of a wide and imaginative range of sources and contexts, including iconography. By so doing, contributors shed new light on a variety of diverse topics such as Renaissance comedy, medical empiricism, military culture and dynastic history. The book, which fills quite a curious gap, is highly recommended to scholars of Renaissance and early modern European society, of gender and the body, of sexual mores, and of imagery and stereotypes in the longue durée." - Alessandro Arcangeli, Universita di Verona, Italy"This interdisciplinary collection of relatively brief essays proposes to redress what the editor asserts has been an imbalance of scholarly focus on female adultery at the expense of cuckoldry. The collection is weighted toward Renaissance Italian case studies (seven essays), but also features chapters on England, Switzerland, and France, and authors engage with secondary and primary sources from wider early modern Europe. ... Chapters also refer to each other directly where relevant, which suggests good editorial direction and increases the sense of coherence across the volume."- H-Net ReviewsTable of ContentsContents: Introduction: Sexual Transgression as Social Metaphor, Sara F. Matthews-Grieco. Part I Defamed Buildings and Shamed Bodies: Adultery, cuckoldry and house-scorning in Florence: the case of Bianca Cappello, Jacqueline Marie Musacchio; Vincenzo Gonzaga and the body politic: impotence and virility at court, Molly Bourne; Historical and literary contexts for the Skimmington: impotence and Samuel Butler’s Hudibras, M. A. Katritzky. Part II Impotence, Magic and Medicine: Impotence, witchcraft, and politics: a Renaissance case, Matteo Duni; The satyr in the kitchen pantry, Laura Giannetti; Impotence and corruption: sexual function and dysfunction in the early modern Italian Books of Secrets, Meredith K. Ray. Part III Horns and Visual Innuendo: ‘Divine cuckolds’: Joseph and Vulcan in Renaissance art and literature, Francesca Alberti; Niklaus Manuel and Urs Graf: cuckolds, impotence and sex workers in Swiss Renaissance art (c.1510-1517), Christiane Andersson; The cuckoldries of Baccio del Bianco, Louise Rice; Picart’s browbeaten husbands in 17th-century France: cuckoldry in context, Sara F. Matthews-Grieco. Index.

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Book SynopsisThoroughly interdisciplinary in approach, this volume examines how concepts such as the exercising of power, the distribution of justice, and transgression against the law were treated in both textual and pictorial terms in works produced and circulated in medieval French manuscripts and early printed books. Analysing texts ranging from romances, political allegories, chivalric biographies, and catalogues of famous men and women, through saints' lives, mystery plays and Books of Hours, to works of Roman, canon and customary law, these studies offer new insights into the diverse ways in which the language and imagery of politics and justice permeated French culture, particularly in the later Middle Ages. Organized around three closely related themes - the prince as a just ruler, the figure of the judge, and the role of the queen in relation to matters of justice - the issues addressed in these studies, such as what constitutes a just war, what treatment should be meted out to prisoneTrade Review"The ambitious, overarching themes of power and justice could well have resulted in a disparate collection of miscellaneous essays; the editors are to be commended for a coherent, original collection that makes an original and substantial contribution to an under-considered field of study and will be of great interest to scholars from many disciplines."Hilary Maddocks, The University of Melbourne, Journal of the Australian and New Zealand Association for Medieval and Early Modern StudiesTable of ContentsContents: Introduction, Rosalind Brown-Grant; Translating power for the Princes of the Blood: Laurent de Premierfait’s Des cas des nobles hommes et femmes, Anne D. Hedeman; How to wield power with justice: the 15th-century Roman de Florimont as a Burgundian ‘Mirror for Princes’, Rosalind Brown-Grant; The just captain in the Jouvencel by Jean de Bueil, Michelle Szkilnik; Reconfiguring queen truth in Paris, BnF, Ms. fr. 22542 (Songe du vieil pelerin), Kristin Bourassa; Allegorical design and political image-making in late medieval France, Cynthia J. Brown; The wolf, the shepherd, and the whale: critiquing the king through metaphor in the reign of Louis XI, Lydwine Scordia; Passing sentence: variations on the figure of the judge in French political, legal, and historical texts from the 13th to the 15th century, Barbara Denis-Morel; The judge and the martyr: images of power and justice in religious manuscripts from the 12th to the 15th century, Maïté Billoré and Esther Dehoux; Beastly power, holy justice in late medieval France: from Robert Gobin’s Loups ravissans to Books of Hours, Mary Beth Winn; The queen on trial: spectacle of innocence, performance of beauty, Yasmina Foehr-Janssens; Claude of France: justice, power, and the queen as advocate for her people, Kathleen Wilson-Chevalier; List of manuscripts and early printed editions cited; Bibliography; Index.

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Book SynopsisPhilosophy in the Islamic world from the 9th to 11th centuries was characterized by an engagement with Greek philosophical works in Arabic translation. This volume collects papers on both the Greek philosophers in their new Arabic guise, and on reactions to the translation movement in the period leading up to Avicenna. In a first section, Adamson provides general studies of the 'formative' period of philosophy in the Islamic world, discussing the Arabic reception of Aristotle and of his commentators. He also argues that this formative period was characterized not just by the use of Hellenic materials, but also by a productive exchange of ideas between Greek-inspired 'philosophy (falsafa)' and Islamic theology (kalÄm). A second section considers the underappreciated philosophical impact of Galen, using Arabic sources to understand Galen himself, and exploring the thought of the doctor and philosopher al-RÄzÄ, who drew on Galen as a chief inspiration. A third section looks at al-FÄrÄbÄ aTable of ContentsRECEPTION OF GREEK PHILOSOPHY, I Arabic philosophy and theology before Avicenna II Aristotle in the Arabic commentary tradition III The last philosophers of late antiquity in the Arabic tradition GALEN AND AL-RAZI IV Galen and al-Razi on time V Galen on void VI Platonic pleasures in Epicurus and al-RazT VII Abu Bakr al-Razi on animals THE BAGHDAD SCHOOL VIII The Arabic sea battle: al-Farabi on the problem of future contingents IX Knowledge of universals and particulars in the Baghdad school X Yal;iya ibn 'AdI and Averroes on Metaphysics Alpha Elatton XI On knowledge of particulars XII Avicenna and his commentators on human and divine self-intellection XIII From the necessary existent to God

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Book SynopsisMany historic houses that open to the public in England and Wales - particularly those owned by the National Trust - preserve their contents rather than restore them to a particular period. The former owners of these houses often retained objects from various periods and this layering of history produces interiors that look aged and patinated. Although the reason for this preservation and lack of fashionable renewable can be attributed to declining economic fortunes in the twentieth century, there are many examples of families practising this method of homemaking over a much longer period. Taking National Trust properties as its central focus, this book examines three interlocking themes to examine the role of historic textiles. Firstly it looks at houses with preserved contents together with the reasons for individual families choosing this lifestyle; secondly the role of the National Trust as both guardian and interpreter of these houses and their collections; and finally, and most Table of ContentsFaded and threadbare interiors; Preserving historic houses: interpreting the fabric of the past; Families who preserved their textiles in the past; Conserving textiles: from needlework and housekeeping to professional intervention; Textiles as palimpsest: history held in the surface attributes; Historic textiles with a past and a future; Bibliography; Index.

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Book SynopsisThe significance of Robert Boyle (1627-91) as the most influential English scientist in the generation before Newton is now generally acknowledged, but the complexity and eclecticism of his ideas has also become increasingly apparent. This volume presents an important group of studies of Boyle by Michael Hunter, the leading expert on Boyle's life and thought. It forms a sequel to two previous books: Hunter's Robert Boyle: Scrupulosity and Science (2000) and The Boyle Papers: Understanding the Manuscripts of Robert Boyle (2007). Like them, it conveniently brings together material otherwise widely scattered in essay volumes and academic journals, while nearly a third of the book's content is hitherto unpublished. The collection opens with a substantial introduction that places the studies that follow in the context of existing studies of Boyle; appended to it is an annotated edition of Boyle's telling list of desiderata for science. The next three essays comprise a group of essentially Table of ContentsChapter 1 Introduction; Chapter 2 Boyle’s Early Intellectual Evolution; Chapter 3 Boyle and the Early Royal Society; Chapter 4; Chapter 5 The Disquieted Mind in Casuistry and Natural Philosophy; Chapter 6; Chapter 7; Chapter 8; Chapter 9 ‘Physica Peregrinans, or the Travelling Naturalist’;

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Book SynopsisThis volume brings together a series of articles by John France, published over a span of more than forty years, covering a number of aspects of the military and crusading history of the Middle Ages, both in Europe and the Near East. An interest in understanding how war worked and why informs a first group of articles, ranging from Carolingian armies to the organisation of war in the 13th century. The focus then turns to the Crusades, the most ambitious conquests of the era, with a set of studies on the First Crusade and others on the manner and conduct of warfare in the territories of the Latin East. The volume also includes a major unpublished analysis, co-authored with Nicholas Morton, of the problems faced by the local Islamic powers in the early Crusading period, reminding us that an army is only as strong as its enemies permit, and suggesting that the crusaders should be seen in this light.Table of ContentsContents: Introduction; Close order and close quarter: the culture of combat in the West; Property, warfare and the Renaissance of the 12th century; A changing balance: cavalry and infantry 1000-1300; The composition and raising of the armies of Charlemagne; The military history of the Carolingian period; The occasion of the coming of the Normans to southern Italy; The Battle of Carcano: the event and its importance; Holy War and holy men: Erdmann and the Lives of the Saints; Patronage and the appeal of the First Crusade; The departure of Tatikios from the crusader army; The crisis of the First Crusade: from the defeat of Kerbogah to the departure from Arqa; Two types of vision on the First Crusade: Stephen of Valence and Peter Bartholemew; The election and title of Godfrey de Bouillon; The First Crusade as a naval enterprise; Arab Muslim reactions to Turkish authority in northern Syria, 1085-1128; Logistics and the Second Crusade; Warfare in the Mediterranean region in the age of the crusades, 1095-1291: a clash of contrasts; Surrender and capitulation in the Middle East in the age of the crusades; Index.

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Book SynopsisThis book shows how pirates were portrayed in their own time, in trial reports, popular prints, novels, legal documents, sermons, ballads and newspaper accounts. It examines how attitudes towards them changed with Britainâs growing imperial power, exploring the interface between political ambition and personal greed, between civil liberties and the power of the state. It throws light on contemporary ideals of leadership and masculinity - some pirate voyages qualifying as feats of seamanship and endurance. Unusually, it also gives insights into the domestic life of pirates and investigates the experiences of women whose husbands turned pirate or were captured for piracy. Pirate voyages contributed to British understanding of trans-oceanic navigation, patterns of trade and different peoples in remote parts of the world. This knowledge advanced imperial expansion and British control of trade routes, which helps to explain why contemporary attitudes towards piracy were often ambivalent. Trade Review'In terms of research, Lincoln employs a fairly comprehensive strategy, encompassing a variety of excellent sources including newspaper accounts, trial reports, parliamentary debates, and ballads as well as most of the leading scholarly works on the topic of British piracy...Well-chosen illustrations, with an assortment of black-and-white figures and color plates taken mainly from the rich collection of the National Maritime Museum, enhance the readability of this book. Sound scholarship, engagingly expressed, such as produced here by Lincoln, should find its mark among educators, researchers, and nonscholars alike.'Michael F. Dove, Western University, H-Net: Humanities and Social Sciences Online"Lincoln has been able to uncover a wide array of representations and the result is a fascinating and thought-provoking book."Rebecca Lush, The University of Sydney, Journal of the Australian and New Zealand Association for Medieval and Early Modern StudiesTable of ContentsChapter 1 Introduction: Pirate Lifestyles; Chapter 2 Punishing Miscreants: Pirates and the Metropolis; Chapter 3 Dominion of the Seas: Pirates and the Law; Chapter 4 A Growing Evil: Pirates and Commerce; Chapter 5 The Taste of the Town: Pirates and ‘Polite Society’; Chapter 6 ‘A Nest of Vermin’: Representations of Madagascar; Chapter 7 Alternative Masculinities: Pirates and Family Life; Chapter 8 ‘Stand and Deliver’: The Pirate Inheritance;

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Book SynopsisAlthough the immense importance for the Renaissance of Greek émigrés to fifteenth-century Italy has long been recognized, much basic research on the phenomenon remains to be done. This new volume by John Monfasani gathers together fourteen studies filling in some of the gaps in our knowledge. The philosophers George Gemistus Pletho and George Amiroutzes, the great churchman Cardinal Bessarion, and the famous humanists George of Trebizond and Theodore Gaza are the subjects of some of the articles. Other articles treat the émigrés as a group within the wider frame of contemporary issues, such as humanism, the theological debate between the Orthodox and Roman Catholics, and the process of translating Greek texts into Latin. Furthermore, some notable Latin figures also enter into several of the articles in a detailed way, specifically, Nicholas of Cusa, Niccolà Perotti, and Pietro Balbi.Table of ContentsContents: Preface; The Greeks and Renaissance humanism; The pro-Latin apologetics of the Greek émigrés to quattrocento Italy; Pletho’s date of death and the burning of his Laws; George Gemistus Pletho and the West: Greek émigrés, Latin scholasticism, and Renaissance humanism; The ‘lost’ final part of George Amiroutzes’ Dialogus de Fide in Christum and Zanobi Acciaiuoli; A note on George Amiroutzes (c. 1400-c. 1469) and his moral argument against the transmigration of souls; Cardinal Bessarion’s own translation of the In Calumniatorem Platonis; Niccolò Perotti and Bessarion’s In Calumniatorem Platonis; Cardinal Bessarion’s Greek and Latin sources in the Plato-Aristotle controversy of the 15th century and Nicholas of Cusa’s relation to the controversy; The pre- and post-history of Cardinal Bessarion’s 1469 In Calumniatorem Platonis; A tale of two books: Bessarion’s In Calumniatorem Platonis and George of Trebizond’s Comparatio Philosophorum Platonis et Aristotelis; Aristotle as scribe of nature: the title-page of MS Vat. Lat. 2094; George of Trebizond’s critique of Theodore Gaza’s translation of the Aristotelian Problemata; Some quattrocento translators of St Basil the Great: Gaspare Zacchi, Episcopus Anonymus, Pietro Balbi, Athanasius Chalkeopoulos, and Cardinal Bessarion; Addenda et corrigenda; Indexes.

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Book SynopsisThe reputation of Francis I, king of France (1515-47 ) has fluctuated over the centuries. Acclaimed as 'noble' and 'great' in the sixteenth century, he came to be unfairly denigrated under the Bourbon kings and the republic. But, in the twentieth century, research based on archival material has restored his standing as one of the most important rulers of his age. The present volume brings together seventeen articles by Robert Knecht published over several decades on particular aspects of the reign, with three specially translated from French into English. They examine the period in more depth than was possible in the author''s 1994 biography of Francis I, and include studies of the Concordat of 1516 with the papacy, the Field of Cloth of Gold in 1520, the lit-de-justice of 1527, and the visit to France of the Emperor Charles V in 1540. Other articles consider the king's attitude to the Reformation, his court, his relations with Paris and visits to Aquitaine, his patronage of architectuTable of ContentsContents: Introduction; The Concordat of 1516: a re-assessment; ‘Our Trinity!’: Francis I, Louise of Savoy and Marguerite d’Angoulême; The Field of Cloth of Gold; The court of Francis I; Popular theatre and the court of 16th-century France; Francis I, ‘father of letters’?; Francis I and the ‘mirror for princes’; The early Reformation in England and France: a comparison; Francis I, ‘Defender of the Faith’?; Francis I and Paris; Charles III of Bourbon, Henri VIII and Charles V; Francis I in Aquitaine: a British view; Francis I and the Lit de justice: a ‘legend’ defended; Francis I and Fontainebleau; Haulse ( Paris) haulse bien hault ta porte’: the entry of the Emperor Charles V into Paris, 1540; The French and English nobilities in the 16th century: a comparison; The sword and the pen: Blaise de Monluc and his Commentaires; Index.

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Book SynopsisIn early modern Europe, discernment emerged as a key notion at the intersection of various domains in both learned and artisanal cultures. Often used synonymously with judgment, ingenuity, and taste, discernment defined the ability to perceive and understand the secrets of nature and art, and became explicitly connected with a kind of knowledge available only to experts in the respective fields. With contributions by historians of art and historians of science, and with geographic coverage focusing on the Low Countries and their multiple connections to different parts of the world, this volume reframes recent scholarship on what the editors term 'cultures of knowledge and discernment' in the early modern period. The collection is innovative in its focus on investigating types of knowledge linked to what was then called the 'science' (scientia) of art, to artistic expertise and connoisseurship, and to 'secrets of art and nature.'Table of ContentsTable of ContentsIllustrationsNotes on ContributorsAcknowledgmentsIntroduction: Hidden ArtificesSven Dupré and Christine Göttler Part I: Sites of Discernment1 Transforming Nature into Art: Fall of the Rebel Angels (1562) by Pieter Bruegel the ElderTine Luk Meganck2 Vulcan’s Forge: The Sphere of Art in Early Modern AntwerpChristine Göttler Part II: Artifices and Imitation3 Superb Craftsmanship in Antwerp: Baroque Goldsmiths’ Work in Competition with the Visual ArtsLorenz Seelig 4 The Veronica according to Zurbarán: Painting as Figura, and Image as VestigioFelipe Pereda 5 ‘The Various Natures of Middling Colours We May Learne of Painters’. Sir Kenelm Digby Looks at Rubens and Van DyckKarin Leonhard Part III: Secrets and Knowledge6 Oil Painting as a Workshop Secret: On Calumnies, Legends, and Critical InvestigationsOskar Bätschmann 7 Peiresc in the Parisian ‘Jewel House’ Peter N. Miller 8 Germanic Antiquity in Rembrandt’s CircleThijs Weststeijn Part IV: Mechanical Science and Technique9 Rembrandt and Painting as a Mechanical Science in Dutch Seventeenth-Century ArtJan Blanc10 From Mechanism to Technique: Diderot, Chardin, and the Practice of Painting Paul Taylor

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Book SynopsisThis volume brings together twenty studies relating to the history of the Latin principalities established in Palestine and Syria from their foundation in the course of the First Crusade up to their defeat by Saladin at the battle of Hattin in 1187. Half of the essays deal with the first three decades of the Frankish settlement, focusing on the monarchy of the kingdom of Jerusalem under Godfrey of Bouillon, Baldwin I and Baldwin II, and on the origins and prosopography of the Frankish nobility. Beyond this are longer-ranging studies devoted to sacred and secular aspects of the landscape and population of Palestine, including the settlement of the city of Jerusalem, the military use of the relic of the True Cross, and wider strategic considerations concerning the defence of the Holy Land. The final section considers how the Franks perceived and interacted with the Muslim and native Christian inhabitants of Syria, Palestine and neighbouring lands, with a particular emphasis on the evidenTable of ContentsContents: Preface; The Frankish Nobility: The origins of the Frankish nobility of the Kingdom of Jerusalem, 1100-1118; A note on the origin of Eustace Grenier; A little-known member of the royal family of crusader Jerusalem in William of Malmesbury’s Gesta Regum Anglorum; Norman settlement in the Latin kingdom of Jerusalem, 1099-1131; The prosopography and onomastics of the Franks in the kingdom of Jerusalem, 1099-1187; How Norman was the principality of Antioch? Prolegomena to a study of the origins of the nobility of a crusader state. Kingship in Frankish Jerusalem: The title of Godfrey of Bouillon as ruler of Jerusalem; Daimbert of Pisa, the Domus Godefridi and the accession of Baldwin I of Jerusalem; Dynastic continuity or dynastic change? The accession of Baldwin II and the nobility of the kingdom of Jerusalem; Baldwin II and his nobles: baronial factionalism and dissent in the kingdom of Jerusalem, 1118-1134; Kingship, identity and name-giving in the family of Baldwin of Bourcq. Sacred Space and the Defence of the Holy Land: Sacred space and strategic geography in 12th-century Palestine; Constructing Jerusalem as a Christian capital: topography and population of the Holy City under Frankish rule in the 12th century; The origin of money-fiefs in the Latin kingdom of Jerusalem; ‘Mighty against the enemies of Christ’: the relic of the True Cross in the armies of the kingdom of Jerusalem. Ideologies of Confrontation: Franks, Native Christians and Muslims: Ethnic identity in the crusader states: the Frankish race and the settlement of Outremer; Coroscane: homeland of the Saracens in the Chansons de Geste and the historiography of the crusades; William of Tyre and the origin of the Turks: observations on possible sources of the Gesta orientalium principum; Biblical quotations and formulaic language in the Chronicle of William of Tyre; Franks and indigenous communities in Palestine and Syria (1099-1187): a hierarchical model of social interaction in the principalities of Outremer. Index.

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Book SynopsisVenetian artistic giants of the sixteenth century, such as Giorgione, Vittore Carpaccio, Titian, Jacopo Sansovino, Jacopo Tintoretto, Paolo Veronese, and their contemporaries, continued to shape artistic development, tastes in collecting, and modes of display long after their own practices ended. The robust reverberation of the Venetian Renaissance spread far beyond the borders of the lagoon to inform and influence artists, authors, and collectors who spent very little or even no time in Venice proper. The Enduring Legacy of Venetian Renaissance Art investigates the historical resonance of Venetian sixteenth-century art and explores its afterlife and its reinvention by artists working in its shadow. Despite being a frequently acknowledged truism, the pervasive legacy of Venetian sixteenth-century art has not received comprehensive treatment in recent publication history. The broad scope of the topics covered in these essays, from Titian's profound influence on the development of landscTable of ContentsTable of ContentsList of IllustrationsNotes on the ContributorsAcknowledgementsIntroduction: In the Shadow of La SerenissimaAndaleeb Badiee Banta and Lindsey P. SchneiderChapter 1: The Neurosis of Visual Legacy: Seicento Venetian Painters Confront Their PastTaryn Marie ZarrilloChapter 2: "Il Prete Genovese:" Bernardo Strozzi and the Venetian CinquecentoAndaleeb Badiee BantaChapter 3: Titian and Tintoretto in the Sacristy of Santa Maria della Salute: a Seicento "Accademia" for Displaced Treasures of the Venetian CinquecentoAllison ShermanChapter 4: "A beautiful woman should break her mirror early:" The Rokeby Venus, the Venetians, and GraciánAneta Georgievska-ShineChapter 5: "A Good Friend of our Venetian Maniera:" Pietro da Cortona and Neo-Venetianism in Roman Painting after 1650Lindsey P. SchneiderChapter 6: Paolo Veronese Revisited: Art Collecting and Connoisseurship in Eighteenth-Century Venice Linda BoreanChapter 7: Antonio Corradini, the Collegio dei scultori, and the Neo-Cinquecentismo in Venice around 1720Matej KlemenčičChapter 8: Displaying Objects and Performing Publics: Antonio Maria Zanetti’s Delle Antiche StatueJanna IsraelChapter 9: The Long Shadows of Titian’s Trees Leopoldine ProsperettiChapter 10: Conjuring Venetian Costume: The Influence of Cinquecento Paintings in Mariano Fortuny’s Dress DesignsWendy Ligon SmithAfterword: Quick to Say Good-Bye, Hard to Forget: The Long Lives of Cinquecento Venetian PicturesJodi CranstonWorks CitedIndex

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Book SynopsisMedical texts written in English during the late Middle Ages have in recent years attracted increasing attention among scholars. From approximately 1375 onwards, the use of English began to gain a firmer foothold in medical manuscripts, which in previous centuries had been written mainly in Latin or French. Scholars of Middle English, and editors of medical texts from late medieval England, are thus faced with a huge medical vocabulary which no single volume has yet attempted to define. This dictionary is therefore an essential reference tool. The material analysed in the Dictionary of Medical Vocabulary in English, 13751550 includes edited texts, manuscripts and early printed books, and represents three main types of medical writing: surgical manuals and tracts; academic treatises by university-trained physicians, and remedybooks. The dictionary covers four lexical fields: names of sicknesses, body parts, instruments, and medicinal preparations. Entries are structured as follows: (1) Table of ContentsContents: Preface; Introduction: lexical fields included in the dictionary; Anglicized vs. non-Anglicized terms; Arrangement and content of the entries; Texts analysed for the dictionary; Editorial principles; References to pages, folios and signatures; Texts and their sigla; References to Latin, French and Dutch originals; The dictionary; Works cited, Index.

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Book SynopsisTrade ReviewThe text is punctuated with pithy judgments about historical actors … Crisp writing of this sort retains the reader’s attention, whether undergraduates or old hands. The text’s broad geographic range also offers unexpected rewards. I, admittedly not an African specialist, was especially struck by the detailed coverage of the Western Sahara dispute between Mauritania and Morocco, as well as Libyan and French involvement in Chad’s civil wars. * Journal of Modern History *The literature on international history since 1945 has become so vast and elaborate during the past decades that we badly need a compact survey of the kind that Philip Bell and Mark Gilbert provide. This consistently reliable and highly readable book will help readers to understand the main events that shaped the world we live in today. * Kiran Klaus Patel, Maastricht University, the Netherlands *The authors of the second edition of The World since 1945 have done readers a great service. Out of the complicated history of our times, they have produced an impressively streamlined and accessible account. It is recommended for anyone wishing to understand more about the forces that produced today’s world. * Mary Elise Sarotte, University of Southern California Dornsife, USA *There could be no better person than Mark Gilbert to help revise and bring up to date Philip Bell’s classic account of post-1945 international history. The book’s elegance of style, thematic coherence and mastery of the issues are all maintained, making it an essential purchase for students and specialists alike. * Christopher Hill, University of Cambridge, UK *Table of ContentsList of Maps List of Illustrations Acknowledgements Introduction Prologue: A New Era in International Politics 1. The Second World War and its consequences 2. The beginning of the post-war world The Cold War, 1945–1962 3. The antagonists 4. From Potsdam to the Marshall Plan, 1945–47 5. From the Prague Coup to the North Atlantic Treaty, 1948–49 6. From Korea to Hungary, 1949–1956 7. The Berlin and Cuba Crises, 1957–1962 Reflection: The Cold War in its early phases Decolonization and Wars of Succession, 1945–1960s 8. The Middle East, 1945–c. 1962 9. Transformation in Asia, 1945–1962 10. The New Africa 11. The Bandung Conference, 1955 and Non-alignment 12. Latin America Contested, 1945–1973 Reflection: The ‘Third World’ The Cold War: Détente 13. The Cold War and Détente, 1963–1969 14. The high tide of détente, 1969-1975 15. The end of détente, 1976–1980 Reflection: The essence of détente The Changing World Order, 1960s–1990s 16. The Arab-Israeli Conflict, 1963–1982 17. The Geopolitics of Oil, 1973-91 18. The Rise of Asia, c.1962-1990s 19. Turmoil in Africa, c.1962-1990s 20. Latin America in World Affairs, 1970s-1990s Reflection: Where is Europe? The Ending of the Cold War 21. Renewed Cold War, 1980–85 22. Gorbachev and Reagan, 1985–88 23. Three years that shook the world, 1989–91 Reflection: The Cold War in Retrospect After the Cold War 24. Global Issues 25. Nationalism, Political Conflict, and War in Europe 26. The Wounded Hegemon 27. Democracy and Human Rights Further reading Index

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Book SynopsisAdrian Shubert is Professor of History at York University, Toronto, Canada. He is the author of A Social History of Modern Spain, 1800-1990 (1990) and Death and Money in the Afternoon: A History of the Spanish Bullfight (2001) and the co-editor, along with José Alvarez Junco, of Spanish History since 1808 (2000). He is a Fellow of the Royal Society of Canada and Comendador de la Orden del Mérito Civil.José Álvarez Junco is Professor of History at the Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Spain. He is the author of Mater Dolorosa: La idea de España en el siglo XIX (2001), which won the National Essay Prize in 2002 and prizes from the Fastenrath Foundation and the Royal Academy of History in 2003. He is the co-editor, along with Adrian Shubert, of Spanish History since 1808 (2000).Trade ReviewAn impressive, up-to-date, and exceptionally researched glimpse into events, periods, concepts and trends, and personages of modern Spanish history. * Enrique A. Sanabria, University of New Mexico, USA *José Álvarez Junco and Adrian Shubert have brought together many of the best Spanish, British and North American scholars to provide a dazzling new history of modern Spain from 1808 to the present day. This is required reading for students and anyone interested in Spain. * Julius Ruiz, Senior Lecturer in History, University of Edinburgh, UK *[It] should be considered essential reading for all students of the modern history of Spain. While unreservedly recommended for both community, college, and university library collections, it should be noted for the personal reading lists of students and non-specialist general readers with an interest in the subject. * Midwest Book Review *Table of ContentsList of Figures Notes on Contributors Chronology Introduction (Jose Álvarez Junco, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Spain and Adrian Shubert, York University, Canada) Section I – Chronologies 2. The Crisis of the Old Regime: 1808-1833 (Gregorio Alonso, University of Leeds, UK) 3. The Time of Liberalism: 1833-1874 (Maria Sierra, Universidad de Sevilla, Spain) 4. The Restoration: 1874-1914 (Javier Moreno-Luzón, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Spain) 5. The Contested Quest for Modernization: 1914-1936 (Nigel Townson, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Spain) 6. The Spanish Civil War, 1936-1939 (Angela Cenarro, University of Zaragoza, Spain) 7. The Franco Regime, 1939-1975 (Oscar Rodriguez Barreiro, University of Almería, Spain) 8. The Transition to Democracy and the Constitutional Monarchy, 1975-2016 (Pamela Radcliff, University of California San Diego, USA) Part II – Themes 9. The Economy (Leandro Prados de la Escosura, Charles III University of Madrid, Spain) 10. Nations and Nationalism (Xosé-Manoel Núñez Seixas, Ludwig Maxmillian University of Munich, Germany) 11. Gender (Aurora G. Morcillo, Florida International University, USA) 12. Ways of Life: Cities, Towns and Villages (Jesus Cruz, University of Delaware, USA) 13. Empire and Colonies (Stephen Jacobson, Pompeu Fabra University, Spain) 14. The Environment (Josefina Gómez de la Mendoza, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Spain) 15. Culture (Rafael Núñez Florencio, Independent Scholar) 16. Intellectuals (Santos Juliá, UNED, Madrid, Spain) 17. Social Movements (Angeles Barrio Alonso, University of Cantabria, Spain) 18. Religion (Julio de la Cueva Merino, University of Castilla-La Mancha, Spain) 19. Migrations (Aitana Guia, California State University-Fullerton, USA) 20. The State (Diego Palacios Cerezales, University of Stirling, UK) 21. The Military (Geoffrey Jensen, Virginia Military Institute, USA) 22. The Politics of Memory (Paloma Aguilar, UNED, Madrid, Spain and Clara Ramírez-Barat, Auschwitz Institute for Peace and Reconciliation, USA) 23. Spain in World History (Scott Eastman, Creighton University, USA) Part III – Individuals 24. Fernando VII (Emilio la Parra, University of Alicante, Spain) 25. Francisco de Arango y Parreño (Vicent Sanz, University Jaume I, Spain) 26. Juan Álvarez Mendizábal (Mark Lawrence, University of Kent, UK) 27. Countess of Mina (Maria Cruz Romeo Mateo, University of Valencia, Spain) 28. Emilia Pardo Bazán (Isabel Burdiel, University of Valencia, Spain) 29. Juan Prim (Gregorio de la Fuente Monge, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Spain) 30. Pablo Iglesias (Jose Álvarez Junco, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Spain) 31. Francesc Cambó (Enric Ucelay da Cal, Pompeu Fabra University, Barcelona, Spain) 32. José Ortega y Gasset (Javier Zamora Bonilla, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Spain) 33. Manuel Azaña (Fernando del Rey Reguillo, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Spain) 34. Dolores Ibarruri, La Pasionaria (Rafael Cruz, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Spain) 35. Francisco Franco (Antonio Cazorla Sanchez, Trent University, Canada) 36. Manuel de Falla (Edward Baker, Independent Scholar) 37. Pilar Primo de Rivera (Inbal Ofer, The Open University of Israel) Glossary Further Reading Index

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Book SynopsisThis book presents the contribution of al-Sharif al-Murtada (d. 1044) of Baghdad, the thinker whose views still remain central to Imami identity. It analyzes his intellectual project and establishes the dynamic context which prompted him to pour the old wine of Shi'i doctrine into the new wineskin of systematic Mu'tazili theology.

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Book SynopsisA provocative new account of Scotland's history across a century of revolution and political instability

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Book SynopsisThis book examines how violent acts were assessed by Muslim intellectuals, analysing both changes and continuity within Islamic thought over time.

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Book SynopsisThis book examines the life and work of Rashid al-Din Tabib (d. 1318), the most powerful statesman working for the Mongol Ilkhans in the Middle East.

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Book SynopsisDrawing on specific historical case studies and events, this book looks at the role of women, mothers, wives, eunuchs, concubines, qahramans and atabegs in the dynamics and manipulation of medieval Islamic politics.

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Book SynopsisThis book examines the rise and collapse of Mongol rule in Iran and Iraq, and its revival by a family of sultans who claimed to be the rightful heirs to the Mongol khans. The Jalayirids offers a glimpse at a long overlooked but critical period in the history of the Middle East in the late medieval period.

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Book SynopsisThis illuminating book looks beyond the capital and political elites to examine religious and political change in communities across Scotland during a transformative period of the nation's history. Providing a clear narrative of the period, the book draws on a wide range of sources to examine the relationship between central power and the Scottish localities, and to provide a thematic analysis of political and religious developments. James VII was a radically experimental ruler, who granted unprecedented religious toleration and intervened systematically in urban government. Here the sovereign's reign is examined in the context of British and European developments, and in the light of current historical debates.Key FeaturesThe fullest examination to date of a transformative period in Scotland's pastAnalyses James VII's reign in the context of seventeenth- and eighteenth-century political and religious changeProvides a clear narrative of the period, as well as thematic analysis of polit

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Book SynopsisAn understanding of military occupation as a distinct phenomenon first emerged in the 18th century. This book shows how this understanding developed and the problems that the occupiers, the occupied, commentators and the courts encountered.

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Book SynopsisPresenting numerous interconnected insights into life in Greater Syria in the twelfth century, this book covers a wide range of themes relating to Crusader-Muslim relations.

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Book SynopsisThis beautifully illustrated history of Safavid Isfahan (1501 1722) explores the architectural and urban forms and networks of socio-cultural action that reflected a distinctly early-modern and Perso-Shi'i practice of kingship.

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Book SynopsisUsing a wide range of prosecution and trial records, along with more recent newspaper coverage of court proceedings, this book furnishes a fascinating insight into the relationship between the law, sex, and society in modern Scotland.

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Book SynopsisHave Western intelligence experts fundamentally failed to understand the dynamics, leaders and culture of the Middle East? Using the most recently declassified documents, interviews and Arabic sources, the book examines seminal case studies to explore how theintelligence agencies in the world have been so notoriously caught off-guard.

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Book SynopsisThis collection explores a range of literary and historical texts from ancient Greece and Rome, medieval Iceland and medieval and early modern England to provide an understanding of wider historical continuities and discontinuities in representations of gender and revenge.

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Book Synopsis

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Book SynopsisA new edition of a painstakingly researched and comprehensive biography of a hero of the early 20th century labour movement in the USA.

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