Historiography Books

Book SynopsisThis book explores modern representations of the Black Death, a medieval pandemic. The concept of cultural memory is used to examine the ways in which journalists, writers of fiction, scholars and others referred to, described and explained the Black Death from around 1800 onwards. The distant medieval past was often used to make sense of aspects of the present, from the cholera pandemics of the nineteenth-century to the climate crisis of the early twenty-first century. A series of overlapping myths related to the Black Death emerged based only in part on historical evidence. Cultural memory circulates in a variety of media from the scholarly article to the video game and online video clip, and the connections and differences between mediated representations of the Black Death are considered. The Black Death is one of the most well-known aspects of the medieval world, and this study of its associated memories and myths reveals the depth and complexity of interactions between the distant and recent past.Table of Contents1. Introduction2. Rediscovering the Black Death3. The Black Death and Englishness4. Plague in the Late Nineteenth and Early Twentieth Centuries5. The Black Death and War in the Mid-Twentieth Century6. New Explanatory Frameworks and Black Death Forgetting7. Imagining Victory Over the Black Death8. Denial, Climate Change and New Evidence about the Black Death9. Conclusion

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Book SynopsisAlthough modern international law is now recognized as universally applicable to all the states as soon as they emerge as independent entities (whether members of the United Nations or not, they are accepted as members of the ever-expanding international society, and are bound by its rules and seek its protection), this is only a recent phenomenon not older than the United Nations itself. Before the Second World War, modern international law was supposed to be merely a law of and for the civilized Western European Christian states, or states of European origin, and applicable only between them. Not only Asian and African states which had come to be colonized, but also the position of independent states, such as Persia, Siam, China, Abyssinia, and the like, was said to be anomalous. Since they belonged to different civilizations, questions were raised as to how far relations with their governments could be based on the rules of international law. If that is the case, when did European international law become universally binding? Can states, which did not, and could not, participate in its origin and development question some of its rules, which are inimical to their interests? How can and does this law change, or be modified, in the absence of any supra-national legislature or other authority? What has been the attitude and practice of these newly independent Asian and African states towards international law, which was largely developed by and for the benefit of the rich and industrialized states of Western Europe and the United States, and even more importantly, their role in its development? The author, an Asian scholar and well-known Professor of International Law, trained and educated in the West, has sought to deal with these and other questions in the nine papers contained in this book.Trade ReviewIn conclusion, one may say that the historical method of the book depicts the history of international law as always related to the history of international relations, and closely interwoven with domestic political history. Ranging among diverse topics within such a conception of history and law-making, this collection of essays never loses sight of the Asian point of view. The collection also serves as a showcase for new work in the fields of the author’s own expertise, concerned about the historical roots of international law, international cooperation, law of the sea, and above all the causes of inequality between states. Katharina Zobel in Journal of the History of International Law, 2006Table of ContentsPreface, Jawaharlal Nehru and International Law and Relations, Family of "Civilized" States and Japan: A Story of Humiliation, Assimiliation, Defiance and Confrontation, The Status of Tibet in International Law, Enhancing the Acceptability of Compulsory Procedures of International Dispute Settlement, The World Court on Trial, Common Heritage of Mankind: Mutilation of an Ideal, Navigation through Territorial Sea and Straits- Revisited, South Asia and the Law of the Sea: Problems and Prospects, A New International Economic Order for Sustainable Development?, Index

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Table of ContentsTranslation.

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Book SynopsisHumanism has constantly proclaimed the belief that the only way to improve man's life on earth is to make man himself wiser and better. Unfortunately, the voice of the humanists has always been challenged by the loud and cheap promises of scientists, by the inflammatory tirades of politicians, and by the apocalyptic visions of false prophets. Material greed, nonsensical chauvinism, racial prejudice, and religious antagonism have progressively defiled the inner beauty of man. Today's bankruptcy of man's dignity in the midst of an unparalleled material abundance calls for an urgent revival of humanistic ideals and values. This book was planned from its very start as a modest step in that direction. It is not my intention, however, to attempt, once again, a global interpretation of Humanism in general, or of Renaissance Humanism in particular. I have been dissuaded from such a purpose by the failure of contemporary scholars to agree on such basic issues as whether the Renaissance was a total break with or a continuation of medieval culture, whether it was basically a Christian or a pagan movement, whether it was the effect or the cause of the classical revival. Instead, then, of discussing the significance of sixteenth century humanism, this book concentrates upon the life and the thought of a single humanist.Table of ContentsOne The Life of Juan Luis Vives.- 1. The Vicissitudes of Vives’ Fame.- 2. The Legacy of Valencia (1492–1509).- 3. The Student of Montaigu (1509–1512).- 4. From Bruges to Louvain (1512–1523).- 5. Vives in England (1523–1528).- 6. Isolation, Maturity, and Death (1528–1540).- Two Vives’ Thought.- 7. In the Steps of Erasmus and Beyond.- 8. The Eclectic Criticism of Vives.- a. Philosophy of History.- b. Principles of Critical Evaluation.- c. Concrete Historical Interpretations.- 9. Vives on Education.- a. General Principles of Vives’ Pedagogy.- b. Educational Policy.- c. Special Students: Princes, Women, the Poor.- d. The Curriculum.- 10. Individual and Social Ethics.- a. The Naturalistic Emphasis.- b. Virtue and Domestic Society.- c. The Body Politic.- d. The International Community.- 11. Range and Purpose of Human Knowledge.- a. Faith and Reason.- b. Knowing as a Reliable Instrument of Action.- c. The “Notiones Communes”.- 12. The Process of Knowledge.- a. Vegetative and Sense Operations.- b. Intellectual Process.- c. The Passional Interference.- 13. The Significance of Vives’ Thought.- a. Rhetoric and the Logic of Persuasion.- b. Medicine and “Art”.- c. Jurisprudence and Moral Wisdom.- d. Vives’ Position in the History of Education.- e. A Final Word.- Appendix I. Editions of Vives’ Main Works from 1520 to 1650.- Appendix II. Chronological List of Vives’ Books.- Index of Names.

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Book SynopsisThis work deals with the medical knowledge and beliefs of cultures outside of the United States and Europe. In addition to articles surveying Islamic, Chinese, Native American, Aboriginal Australian, Indian, Egyptian, and Tibetan medicine, the book includes essays on comparing Chinese and western medicine and religion and medicine. Each essay is well illustrated and contains an extensive bibliography.Table of Contents1. Introduction to the Series. 2. Table of Contents. 3. About the Contributors. 4. Introduction. 5. Continuity, Change, and Challenge in African Medicine. 6. Medicine in Ancient Egypt. 7. Medicine in Ancient China. 8. Ayurveda. 9. Cultural Perspectives on Traditional Tibetan Medicine. 10. Traditional Thai Medicine. 11. Oriental Medicine in Korea. 12. Globalization and Cultures of Biomedicine: Japan and NorthAmerica. 13. Traditional Aboriginal Health Practice in Australia. 14. When Healing Cultures Collide: A Case from the Pacific. 15. Native American Medicine: Herbal Pharmacology, Therapies, and Elder Care. 16. Lords of the Medicine Bag: Medical Science and Traditional Practice in Ancient Peru and South America. 17. Medicine in Ancient Mesoamerica. 18. Healing Relationships in the African Caribbean. 19. Medicine in Ancient Hebrew and Jewish Cultures. 20. Islamic Medicines: Perspectives on the Greek Legacy in the History of Islamic Medical Traditions in West Asia. 21. Chinese and Western Medicine. 22. Religion and Medicine. 23. The Relation Between Medical States and Soul Beliefs among Tribal Peoples.

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Book Synopsisand less as the emanation unden\'ent radioactive decay, and it became motion­ less after about 30 seconds. Since this process was occurring very rapidly, Hahn and Sackur marked the position of the pointer on a scale with pencil marks. As a timing device they used a metronome that beat out intervals of approximately 1. 3 seconds. This simple method enabled them to determine that the half-life of the emanations of actinium and emanium were the same. Although Giesel's measurements had been more precise than Debierne's, the name of actinium was retained since Debierne had made the discovery first. Hahn now returned to his sample of barium chloride. He soon conjectured that the radium-enriched preparations must harbor another radioactive sub­ stance. The liquids resulting from fractional crystallization, which were sup­ posed to contain radium only, produced two kinds of emanation. One was the long-lived emanation of radium, the other had a short life similar to the emanation produced by thorium. Hahn tried to separate this substance by adding some iron to the solutions that should have been free of radium, but to no avail. Later the reason for his failure became apparent. The element that emitted the thorium emanation was constantly replenished by the ele­ ment believed to be radium. Hahn succeeded in enriching a preparation until it was more than 100,000 times as intensive in its radiation as the same quantity of thorium.Trade Review`...articles which provide much interesting material on a period of the development of physics which has been relatively neglected by historians of science.' Centaurus, 28:1 Table of ContentsIntroduction: from Rutherford to Hahn.- The Nuclear Electron Hypothesis.- The Evolution of Matter: Nuclear Physics, Cosmic Rays, and Robert Millikan’s Research Program.- The Discovery of Fission and a Nuclear Physics Paradigm.- Internal and External Conditions for the Discovery of Fission by the Berlin Team.- Otto Hahn, Science, and Social Responsibility.- The Politics of British Science in the Munich Era.- Why Hahn’s Radiothorium Surprised Rutherford in Montreal.- The Discovery of Uranium Z by Otto Hahn: The First Example of Nuclear Isomerism.- Nuclear Physics in Candada in the 1930s.

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Book SynopsisSoviet Russia will conquer all the millions of problems that stand in its way, on one condition: as long as the cause of the political education of the broad masses of the people continually advances. We have nothing to be afraid of, if our people fully learns to distinguish who are its friends and who are its enemies. The trial of the Socialist Revolutionaries must and shall be a great step forward in the cause of the political instruction of the very broadest masses in town and country. (Grigorii Zinov'ev, Pravda and Krasnaia gazeta, 20 June 1922) For my part, I considered this trial to be unnecessary: the Socialist Revolu­ tionaries had been beaten and represented no visible danger at all. (Charles Rappoport, Ma vie, Paris 1926-1927, Vol. 2, p. 80) The Bolsheviks seized power in Russia in October 1917 by staging a coup d'etat, and then established a dictatorship. The new rulers sup­ pressed all armed resistance in a bloody civil war, after which they made every effort to uproot and exterminate even peaceful political opposition of all kinds. Even now it is impossible in the Soviet Union to subject these developments to critical historical study. The political opponents of the Soviet regime of the time are still regarded by official Soviet his­ toriography as counter-revolutionaries and the measures taken against them are seen as completely justified.Table of Contents1. The Socialist Revolutionaries and the Soviet Regime.- 2. The Announcement of the Trial and the International Socialist Movement.- 3. Preparations for the Trial.- 4. The Treatment of the Accused, Defenders and Witnesses During the Trial.- 5. The Judicial Investigation.- 6. The Socialist Revolutionaries Versus the Bolsheviks.- 7. The Verdict and How It Was Brought About.- 8. The Propaganda Campaign.- 9. The Reactions.- 10. The End.- Conclusion.- List of Abbreviations Used in the Notes.- Notes.

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Book SynopsisAnyone making a study of the causes that led to the fall of the Chinese mainland into Communist hands will have to examine the long struggles between the two major rival parties in China, the Nationalists or the Kuomintang and the Chinese Communists. As the author once took a personal part in those struggles, he has assumed the task of giving an account of the facts as known to him. Some of the intricate events recorded in the following pages may be little known to the outside world or have not yet been revealed by others. What he has put down here has been carefully checked by him and is all backed up by firsthand sources. For example, on the eve of the March 19, 1926 Chungshan gunboat incident at Canton, an incident in which the Communists had plotted to kidnap General Chiang Kai-shek, then Commandant of the Whampoa Military Academy, someone had asked the General himself in person whether he was going back to Whampoa that day. Three telephone calls were made asking this question. In making a report of the incident after it was over, General Chiang did not identify who the individual was who was so persistent in ascertaining the General's movements on that momentous day, nor did he ever breathe a word of it even to his closest aides. Up to now few people know for sure who the person might have been.Table of ContentsI. Dr. Sun’s Policy of Aligning with Soviet Russia and Admitting Chinese Communists to Kuomintang Membership.- II. Why Did the Third International Order Chinese Reds to Become Members of the Kuomintang?.- III. The Kuomintang after Admitting Chinese Reds to its Membership.- IV. Purging of the Party and Stoppage of Kuomintang Communist Cooperation.- V. Armed Uprisings and the Trek to Yenan.- VI. Direct Talks Between the Kuomintang and the Communists.- VII. American Mediation and the Political Consultative Conference.- VIII. Peace Talks During the Acting-Presidency of Li Tsung-Jen`.

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Book SynopsisGalileo is revered as one of the founders of modern science primarily because of such discoveries as the law of falling bodies and the moons of Jupiter. In addition to his scientific achievements, Professor Pitt argues that Galileo deserves increased attention for his contributions to the methodology of the new science and that his method retains its value even today. In a detailed analysis of Galileo's mature works, Pitt reconstructs crucial features of Galileo's epistemology. He shows how Galileo's methodological insights grow out of an appreciation of the limits of human knowledge and he brings fresh insight to our concept of Galileo's methodology and its implications for contemporary debates. Working from Galileo's insistence on the contrast between the number of things that can be known and the limited abilities of human knowers, Pitt shows how Galileo's common sense approach to rationality permits the development of a robust scientific method. At the same time, Pitt argues that we should correct our picture of Galileo, the culture hero. Instead of seeing him as a martyr to the cause of truth, Galileo is best understood as a man of his times who was responding to a variety of social pressures during a period of intellectual and political turmoil. This book will be of interest to philosophers and to historians and sociologists of science as well as to a general readership interested in the scientific revolution. Table of ContentsPreface. I. Galileo as Scientist and as Philosopher and the Emergence of Mathematical Physics in the 17th Century. II. Galileo on God, Mathematics, Certainty, and the Nature and Possibility of Human Knowledge. III. The Limits of Knowledge; Mathematics and Methodological Principles. IV. The Content of Knowledge. V. Evidence; the Basis of Knowledge. VI. Galileo's Epistemology as the Basis for a Theory of the Growth of Knowledge. Works Consulted.

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Book SynopsisMURIEL MCCARTHY This volume originated from a seminar organised by Richard H. Popkin in Marsh's Library on July 7-8, 1994. It was one of the most stimulating events held in the Library in recent years. Although we have hosted many special seminars on such subjects as rare books, the Huguenots, and Irish church history, this was the first time that a seminar was held which was specifically related to the books in our own collection. It seems surprising that this type of seminar has never been held before although the reason is obvious. Since there is no printed catalogue of the Library scholars are not aware of its contents. In fact the collection of books by late seventeenth and early eighteenth century European authors on, for example, such subjects as biblical criticism, political and religious controversy, is one of the richest parts of the Library's collections. Some years ago we were informed that of the 25,000 books in Marsh's at least 5,000 English books or books printed in England were printed between 1640 and 1700.Table of ContentsIntroduction; M. McCarthy. 1. Two Treasures of Marsh's Library; R.H. Popkin. 2. Queen Christina's Latin Sefer-ha-Raziel Manuscript; S. Åkerman. 3. Henry More, Anne Conway and the Kabbalah: A Cure for the Kabbalistic Nightmare; S. Hutton. 4. Seventeenth-Century Christian Hebraists: Philosemites or Antisemites? A.P. Coudert. 5. The Prehistoric English Bible; D.S. Katz. 6. Apocrypha Canon and Criticism from Samuel Fisher to John Toland, 1650-1718; J.A.I. Champion. 7. `Liberating the Bible from Patriarchy': Poullain de la Barre's Feminist Hermeneutics; R. Whelan. 8. Faith and Reason in the Thought of Moise Amyraut; D.M. Clarke. 9. Descartes and Immortality; D. Berman. 10. Spinoza and Cartesianism; T. Verbeek. 11. La religion naturelle et révélée philosophie et théologie: Louis Meyer, Spinoza, Regner de Mansvelt; J. Lagrée. 12. Stillingfleet, Locke and the Trinity; G.A.J. Rogers. 13. `The Fighting of Two Cocks on a Dung-hill': Stillingfleet versus Sergeant; B.C. Southgate. 14. Limborch's Historia Inquisitionis and the Pursuit of Toleration; L. Simonutti. Index.

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Book SynopsisSoon after the publication of my"Ontwakende W etenschap"the need for an English translation was felt. We were very glad to find a translator fully familiar with the English and Dutch languages and with mathematical terminol· ogy. The publisher, Noordhoff, had the splendid idea to ask H. G. Beyen, professor of archeology, for his help in choosing a nice set of illustrations. It was a difficult task. The illustrations had to be both instructive and attractive, and they had t~ illustrate the history of science as well as the general background of ancient civilization. The publisher encouraged us to find better and still better illustrations, and he ordered photographs from all over the world, with never failing energy and enthusiasm. Mr. Beyen's highly instructive subscripts will help the reader to see the inter· relation between way of living, art, and science of the ancient world. Thanks are due to many correspondents, who have suggested additions and pointed out errors. Sections on Astrolabes and Stereographte Projection and on Archimedes' construction of the heptagon have been added. The sections on Perspective and on the Anaphorai of Hypsicles have been enlarged. In the second English edition I have incorporated an important discovery of P. Huber, which sheds new light upon the role of geometry In Babylonian algebra (see p. 73). The section on Heron's Metrics (see p. 277) was written anew, follOWing a suggestion of E. M. Bruins. Zurich. 1961 B. L.Table of ContentsI. The Egyptians.- Chronological Summary.- The Egyptians as the “inventors” of geometry.- The Rhind papyrus.- For whom was the Rhind papyrus written?.- The class of royal scribes.- The technique of calculation.- Multiplication.- Division.- Natural fractions and unit fractions.- Calculation with natural fractions.- Further relations between fractions.- Duplication of unit fractions.- Division once more.- The (2: n) table.- The red auxiliaries.- Complementation of a fraction to 1.- “Aha-calculations”.- Applied calculations.- The development of the computing technique.- Hypothesis of an advanced science.- The geometry of the Egyptians.- Inclination of oblique planes.- Areas.- Area of the hemisphere.- Volumes.- What could the Greeks learn from the Egyptians?.- II. Number systems, digits and the art of computing.- The sexagesimal system.- How did the sexagesimal system originate?.- Oldest Sumerian period (before 3000 B.C.).- Later Sumerian period (about 2000 B.C.).- Sumerian technique of computation.- Table of 7 and of 16,40.- Normal table of inverses.- Squares, square roots and cube roots.- The Greek notation for numbers.- Counting boards and counting pebbles.- Calculation with fractions.- Sexagesimal fractions.- Hindu numerals.- Number systems; Kharosti and Brahmi.- The invention of the positional system.- The date of the invention.- Poetic numbers.- Aryabhata and his syllable-numbers.- Where does the zero come from?.- The triumphal procession of the Hindu numerals.- The abacus of Gerbert.- III. Babylonian mathematics.- Chronological summary.- Babylonian algebra.- First example (MKT I, p. 113).- Interpretation.- Second example (MKT I, p. 280).- Third example (MKT I, p. 323).- Fourth example (MKT I, p. 154).- Fifth example (MKT III, p. 8, no. 14).- Quadratic equations (MKT III, p. 6).- Sixth example (MKT III, p. 9, no. 18).- Seventh example (MKT I. p. 485).- Eighth example (MKT I, p. 204).- Geometrical proofs of algebraic formulas?.- Ninth example (MKT I, p. 342).- A lesson-text (MKT II, p. 39).- Babylonian geometry.- Volumes and areas.- Frustra of cones and of pyramids (MKT, pp. 176 and 178).- The “Theorem of Pythagoras” (MKT II, p. 53).- Babylonian theory of numbers.- Progressions (MKT I, p. 99).- Plimpton 322: Right triangles with rational sides.- Applied mathematics.- Summary.- Greek Mathematics.- IV. The age of Thales and Pythagoras.- Chronological summary.- Hellas and the Orient.- Thales of Milete.- Prediction of a solar eclipse.- The geometry of Thales.- From Thales to Euclid.- Pythagoras of Samos.- The travels of Pythagoras.- Pythagoras and the theory of harmony.- Pythagoras and the theory of numbers.- Perfect numbers.- Amicable numbers.- Figurate numbers.- Pythagoras and geometry.- The astronomy of the Pythagoreans.- Summary.- The tunnel on Samos.- Antique measuring instruments.- V. The golden age.- Hippasus.- The Mathemata of the Pythagoreans.- The theory of numbers.- The theory of the even and the odd.- Proportions of numbers.- The solution of systems of equations of the first degree.- Geometry.- “Geometric Algebra”.- Why the geometric formulation?.- Lateral and diagonal numbers.- Anaxagoras of Clazomenae.- Democritus of Abdera.- Oenopides of Chios.- Squaring the circle.- Antiphon.- Hippocrates of Chios.- Solid geometry in the fifth century, and Perspective.- Democritus.- Cone and pyramid.- Plato on solid geometry.- The duplication of the cube.- Theodorus of Cyrene.- Theodorus and Theaetetus.- Theodorus on higher curves and on mixtures.- Hippias and his Quadratrix.- The main lines of development.- VI. The century of Plato.- Archytas of Taras.- The duplication of the cube.- The style of Archytas.- Book VIII of the Elements.- The Mathemata in the Epinomis.- The duplication of the cube.- According to Menaechmus.- Theaetetus.- Analysis of Book X of the Elements.- The theory of the regular polyhedra.- The theory of proportions in Theaetetus.- Eudoxus of Cnidos.- Eudoxus as an astronomer.- The exhaustion method.- The theory of proportions.- Theaetetus and Eudoxus.- Menaechmus.- Dinostratus.- Autolycus of Pitane.- On the rotating sphere.- On the rising and setting of stars.- Euclid.- The “Elements”.- The “Data”.- On the division of figures.- Lost geometrical writings.- Euclid’s work on applied mathematics.- VII. The Alexandrian Era (330–200 B.C.).- Aristarchus of Samos.- Archimedes’ measurement of the circle.- Tables for the lengths of chords.- Archimedes.- Stories about Archimedes.- Archimedes as an astronomer.- The works of Archimedes.- The “Method”.- The quadrature of the parabola.- On sphere and cylinder I.- On sphere and cylinder II.- On spirals.- On conoids and spheroids.- The notion of integral in Archimedes.- The book of Lemmas.- The construction of the regular heptagon.- The other works of Archimedes.- Eratosthenes of Cyrene.- Life.- Chronography and measurement of a degree.- Duplication of the cube.- Theory of numbers.- Medieties.- Nicomedes.- The trisection of the angle.- The duplication of the cube in Nicomedes.- Apollonius of Perga.- The theory of the epicycle and of the excenter.- Conica.- The conic sections before Apollonius.- The ellipse as a section of a cone according to Archimedes.- How were the symptoms derived originally?.- A question and an answer.- The derivation of the symptoms according to Apollonius.- Conjugate diameters and conjugate hyperbolas.- Tangent lines.- The equation referred to the center.- The two-tangents theorem and the transformation to new axes.- Cones of revolution through a given conic.- The second book.- The third book.- Loci involving 3 or 4 straight lines.- The fifth book.- The sixth, seventh and eighth books.- Further works of Apollonius.- VIII. The decay of Greek mathematics.- External causes of decay.- The inner causes of decay.- 1. The difficulty of geometric algebra.- 2. The difficulty of the written tradition.- The commentaries of Pappus of Alexandria.- The epigones of the great mathematicians.- 1. Diocles.- The cissoid.- 2. Zenodorus.- Isoperimetric figures.- 3. Hypsicles.- The fourteenth book of the Elements.- Anaphora.- History of trigonometry.- Plane trigonometry.- Spherical trigonometry.- Menelaus.- Transversal proposition.- Heron of Alexandria.- Metrics.- Diophantus of Alexandria.- Arithmetica.- Diophantine equations.- The precursors of Diophantus.- Connection with Babylonian and Arabic algebra.- The algebraic symbolism.- From Book II.- From Book III.- From Book IV.- From Book V.- From Book VI.- Pappus of Alexandria.- A porism of Euclid.- The theorem on the complete quadrangle.- Theorem of Pappus.- Theon of Alexandria.- Hypatia.- The Athens school. Proclus Diadochus.- Isidore of Milete and Anthemius of Tralles.

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Book SynopsisThis is the first comprehensive text on the history of color theories since Halbertsma's book of 1947. Color is discussed in close connection with the evolution of ideas of light and vision. The book has chapters on the ancient Greek ideas of vision and color; on the contributions of Arabic science; on the Scientific Revolution from Kepler to Newton; on the early history of the three-color hypothesis; on the trichromatic theory and defective color vision; and on Goethe's, Schopenhauer's and Hering's theories. New understanding of the structure and functions of the retina and the brain finally results in the modern science of color vision. A History of Color has been written for ophthalmologists, optometrists and others who are interested in visual science and its history. The book requires no specialized knowledge.Table of ContentsI. Color Theory in the Ancient World. II. The Middle Ages. III. The Renaissance. IV. Light, Color and Vision During the Scientific Revolution. V. Newton. VI. From Newton to Young. VII. Classical-Romantic Colour Theory in Germany. VIII. Disorders of Color Vision. IX. The Mixing of Color. X. The Trichromatic Theory. XI. Hering's Four-Color Theory and the Zone Theories. XII. Anatomy and Physiology of the Visual System Between 1600 and 1900. XIII. The Twentieth Century. Appendix and Synopsis: What is Color? Notes. References. Index.

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Book Synopsis

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Book Synopsis

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Book SynopsisWilliam Harris, the editor of Routledge's The Old South: New Studies of Society and Culture, aims in The New South to introduce students to the historiography of this later volatile period of southern history, which starts from the racial segregation prevalent after the end of the Civil War and continues through the Civil Rights Movements of the 1950s and 1960s. For many years, this historiography centered on the writing of C. Vann Woodward. Woodward remains an important touchstone in the field, but in The New South, Harris gathers the most significant scholarship illustrating the range of challenges to Woodward's interpretation of the South, including the importance of place, the role of women, the significance of memory, and the story of the long Civil Rights Movement. The collection also features an introduction to the historiography of the New South, and a Guide to Further Reading.Trade Review'This collection convincingly shows the diverse effects of Reconstruction on the southern states of America ... One of the key strengths of this collection is the willingness of the authors to use very specific examples to illustrate their points, allowing us to appreciate the nuances that existed across time and space.' – History Teaching ReviewTable of ContentsThe New South: New Histories Table of Contents Series Editor’s Preface Introduction. 1. Negotiating and Transforming the Public Sphere: African American Political Life in the Transition from Slavery to Freedom. Elsa Barkley Brown 2. A Changing World of Work: North Carolina Elite Women, 1865-1895. Jane Turner Censer 3. Farmers, Dudes, White Negroes, and the Sun-Browned Goddess. Stephen Kantrowitz 4. Etiquette, Lynching, and Racial Boundaries in Southern History: A Mississippi Example. J. William Harris 5. New Women Nancy Hewitt 6. Defiance and Domination: White Negroes in the Piney Woods New South. Victoria E. Bynum 7. Pilgrimage to the Past: Public History, Women, and the Racial Order. Jack E. Davis 8. Le Reveil de la Louisiane: Memory and Acadian Identity, 1920-1960 W. Fitzhugh Brundage 9. Southern Seeds of Change, 1931-1938. Patricia Sullivan 10. You Must Remember This: Autobiography as Social Critique. Jacqueline Dowd Hall 11. You Don’t Have to Ride Jim Crow: CORE and the 1947 Journey of Reconciliation Raymond Arsenault 12. Bombingham, Glenn T. Eskew 13. Sex, Segregation, and the Sacred after Brown. Jane Dailey Index

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Book SynopsisWinner of the Pulitzer Prize and the National Book AwardWith a Introduction by Adam GopnikFifty years after the March on the Pentagon, Norman Mailer’s seminal tour de force remains as urgent and incisive as ever. Winner of America’s two highest literary awards, The Armies of the Night uniquely and unforgettably captures the Sixties’ tidal wave of love and rage at its crest and a towering genius at his peak. The time is October 21, 1967. The place is Washington, D.C. Depending on the paper you read, 20,000 to 200,000 protestors are marching to end the war in Vietnam, while helicopters hover overhead and federal marshals and soldiers with fixed bayonets await them on the Pentagon steps. Among the marchers is a writer named Norman Mailer. From his own singular participation in the day’s events and his even more extraordinary perceptions comes a classic work that shatters the mold of traditional reportage. IntelleTrade ReviewPraise for The Armies of the Night“His genuine wit and bellicose charm, and his fervent and intense sense of legitimately caring, render The Armies of the Night an artful document, worthy to be judged as literature.”—Time“Only a writer steeped in American life, with all his wits about him, and with a genuinely compassionate social vision, could have produced a work so acute in its historical insights and so moving in its portraits of contemporaries.”—The Nation“Some time in 1969 in Paris, I first read Armies of the Night, Norman Mailer's account of the anti-Vietnam war march on the Pentagon...It was mesmerising, and to re-read it today is to experience an additional punch: the one that verifies that history repeats itself as (malignant) farce. Page after page you have the impression that he is commenting not on Lyndon Johnson's shameful war, but George Bush's corporate-powered skulking towards another self-serving war… supports the theory—more resonant now than then—that perhaps the most ruthless and prolonged jihad in history has been that of the American fundamentalist Christians, which began towards the end of the second world war.”—Peter Lennon, The Guardian “Just as brilliant a personal testimony as Whitman's diary of the Civil War, Specimen Days, and Whitman's great essay on the crisis of the Republic during the Gilded Age, Democratic Vistas. I believe that it is a work of personal and political reportage that brings to the inner and developing crisis of the United States at this moment admirable sensibilities, candid intelligence, the most moving concern for America itself. Mailer's intuition in this book is that the times demand a new form. He has found it.”—Alfred Kazin, The New York Times “Mailer's feints and bell-donging around his fellow ‘Notables’ is a late night popcorn joy, and there is much that is stylish and shrewd...this is an important and passionate pilgrimage.”—Kirkus Reviews

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Book SynopsisA biography of Ibn Khaldun (1332-1406), famous historian, scholar, theologian and statesman.Table of ContentsAcknowledgements; Preface; Map: Ibn Khaldun's Mediterranean; Timeline; 1. Historian meets History; 2. Ibn Khaldun's Early Life; 3. Ibn Khaldun the Statesman; 4. Egypt; 5. Ibn Khaldun's Method; 6. Modernity; 7. On being Ibn Khaldun; Bibliography; Index.

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Book SynopsisA biography of Ibn Khaldun (1332-1406), famous historian, scholar, theologian and statesman.Trade Review'A superb account of how a historian developed his own historical methodology... Highly recommended.' -- CHOICE Amazon 'A superb account of how a historian developed his own historical methodology... Highly recommended.'Table of ContentsAcknowledgements; Preface; Map: Ibn Khaldun's Mediterranean; Timeline; 1. Historian meets History; 2. Ibn Khaldun's Early Life; 3. Ibn Khaldun the Statesman; 4. Egypt; 5. Ibn Khaldun's Method; 6. Modernity; 7. On being Ibn Khaldun; Bibliography; Index.

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Book SynopsisThis volume on Hume's politics brings together essays that have been formative of the scholarly and more general debate about Hume's political thought. Unlike many theorists who express their thought in terms of system, Hume uses the incidental genre of the essay as the vehicle for his writing and his mode of presentation is a reflection, indeed an expression, of his belief in the limited power of reason to give any over-all shape to human life. Hume's politics are particularly suited for discussion of a wide range of view-points. The possibilities of seeing in Hume both the conservative and the liberal are pursued along with Hume's sophisticated analysis of party-politics. His acute and pioneering theorisation of perhaps the most central issue for 18th-century political observers, that of commerce and politics, is brought out in the context of his ideas of the international order. His fundamental theory of justice is discussed in its connection with law, property and government.Table of ContentsContents: Introduction; Hume's political science and the classical republican tradition, James Moore; Hume and the contexts of politics, Richard H. Dees; David Hume and the conservative tradition, Donald W. Livingston; The public interest vs. old rights, John B. Stewart; Hume and Madison on faction, Mark G. Spencer; Selfish and moral politics: David Hume on stability and cohesion in the modern state, Jeffrey Church; David Hume's political philosophy: a theory of commercial modernization, Carl Wennerlind; Hume, modern patriotism, and commercial society, A.B. Stilz; The European, or cosmopolitan, dimension in Hume's science of politics, Duncan Forbes; Laws not men: Hume's distinction between barbarous and civilized government, Neil McArthur; David Hume and the Common Law of England, Neil McArthur; Utility and humanity: the quest for the honestum in Cicero, Hutcheson and Hume, James Moore; Hume's 'original difference': race, national character and the human sciences, Aaron Garrett; Hume's theory of justice and property, James Moore; Hume's obligations, Knud Haakonssen; Hume's account of social artifice - its origins and originality, Annette Baier; Artificial virtues and the Sensible Knave, David Gauthier; Artificial virtues and the equally Sensible non-Knaves: a response to Gauthier, Annette C. Baier; Motive and obligation in Hume's ethics, Stephen Darwall; Hume's Knave and the interests of justice, Jason Baldwin; The first motive to justice: Hume's circle argument squared, Don Garrett; The shackles of virtue: Hume on allegiance to government, Rachel Cohon; Hume's critique of the contract theory, Stephen Buckle and Dario Castiglione; Name index.

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Book SynopsisThe essays in this collection represent the explosion of scholarly interest since the 1960s in the pioneering feminist, philosopher, novelist, and political theorist, Mary Wollstonecraft. This interdisciplinary selection, which is organized by theme and genre, demonstrates Wollstonecraft's importance in contemporary social, political and sexual theory and in Romantic studies. The book examines the reception of Wollstonecraft's Vindication of the Rights of Woman but it also deals with the full range of her work from travel writing, education, religion and conduct literature to her novels, letters and literary reviews. As well as reproducing the most important modern Wollstonecraft scholarship the collection tracks the development of the author's reputation from the nineteenth century. The essays reprinted here (from early appreciations by George Eliot, Emma Goldman and Virginia Woolf to the work of twenty-first century scholars) include many of the most influential accounts of Wollstonecraft's remarkable contribution to the development of modern political and social thought. The book is essential reading for students of Wollstonecraft and late eighteenth-century women's writing, history, and politics.Trade Review’This volume is not only the most comprehensive collection of Wollstonecraft scholarship to have appeared to date. One of its primary strengths lies in its reflection of Wollstonecraft's diversity as a writer. As Jane Moore observes in her impressive introduction, taken together, Rights of Men and the more famous Rights of Woman have widened Wollstonecraft's appeal beyond any single academic discipline or school of thought, and this is borne out in the range of critical material on offer here. Important though her Vindication of the Rights of Woman (1792) is, it illustrates but one facet of Wollstonecraft's political philosophy and social concerns.’ TLSTable of ContentsContents: Introduction; Part I Survey of the Work and Reputation: Margaret Fuller and Mary Wollstonecraft, George Eliot; Mary Wollstonecraft, her tragic life and her passionate struggle for freedom, Emma Goldman; Mary Wollstonecraft, Virginia Woolf; On the reception of Mary Wollstonecraft's A Vindication of the Rights of Woman, Regina M. Janes; Mary Wollstonecraft: texts and contexts, Gary Kelly; Remembering Mary Wollstonecraft on the bicentenary of the publication of A Vindication of the Rights of Woman, Sylvana Tomaselli. Part II Contexts: History, Politics, Culture: Wollstonecraft and Social, Philosophical and Political Theory: Mary Wollstonecraft: 18th-century commonwealthwoman, G.J. Barker-Benfield; Wollstonecraft, feminism, and democracy: 'being Bastilled', Virginia Sapiro; Mary Wollstonecraft and the 'reserve of reason', Simon Swift; Wollstonecraft, Gender and Enlightenment: Mary Wollstonecraft and Enlightenment desire, Janet Todd; The Enlightenment debate on women, Sylvana Tomaselli; Wollstonecraft Education and Conduct Literature: Her demands for the education of woman, Emma Rauschenbush-Clough; Mary, Mary, quite contrary, or, Mary Astell and Mary Wollstonecraft compared, Regina M. Janes; Advice and enlightenment: Mary Wollstonecraft and sex education, Vivien Jones; Wollstonecraft and the French Revolution: Gender in revolution: Edmund Burke and Mary Wollstonecraft, Tom Furniss; 'The grand causes which combine to carry mankind forward': Wollstonecraft, history and revolution, Jane Rendall; Wollstonecraft and Religion: Sibylline apocalyptics: Mary Wollstonecraft's Vindication of the Rights of Woman and Job's mother's womb, Mary Wilson Carpenter; For the love of God: religion and the erotic imagination in Wollstonecraft's feminism, Barbara Taylor; Wollstonecraft and Romanticism: Godwin's Memoirs of Wollstonecraft: the shaping of self and subject, Mitzi Myers; Death in the face of nature: self, society and body in Wollstonecraft's Letters Written in Sweden, N

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Book SynopsisThe papers in this second selection of articles by Professor Colish focus on thinkers of the patristic age, and relate to her three monographic studies in this area published over the last two decades. At the same time these papers look beyond the patristic period, both backward to these authors' appropriation of the classical and Christian traditions, and forward to their function as authorities in later medieval intellectual history, from the Carolingian Renaissance to Anselm of Canterbury, the scholastics, and Dante. Themes which these papers address include the transmission and use of Platonism and Stoicism, logic and linguistic theory, and the ethics of lying, moral indifference, and the salvation of the virtuous pagan.Trade Review’... Colish's erudition was for me a source of all sorts of information and insights.’ The Catholic Historical ReviewTable of ContentsContents: Introduction; The Neoplatonic tradition: the contribution of Marius Victorinus; St Augustine's rhetoric of silence revisited; The Stoic hypothetical syllogisms and their transmission in the Latin West through the early Middle Ages; Cosmetic theology: the transformation of a Stoic theme; Cicero, Ambrose, and Stoic ethics: transmission or transformation?; Classicism and catechesis in the patriarch treatises of Ambrose of Milan; Ambrose of Milan on chastity; Why the Portiana? Reflections on the Milanese basilica crisis of 386; Carolingian debates over nihil and tenebrae: a study in theological method; Mathematics, the Monad, and John the Scot's conception of nihil; John the Scot's Christology and soteriology in relation to his Greek sources; 11th-century grammar in the thought of St Anselm; St Anselm's philosophy of language reconsidered; The Stoic theory of verbal signification and the problem of lies and false statements from antiquity to St Anselm; Rethinking lying in the 12th century; Sanz 'nfamia e sanza lodo: moral neutrality from Alan of Lille to Dante; The virtuous pagan: Dante and the Christian tradition; Index.

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Book SynopsisIn the articles collected here Nancy Struever explores the basic assumption that rhetoric is not simply a bag of persuasive tricks, but functions, necessarily, as a mode of inquiry investigating not simply the mechanics of production and reception of discourse, but the psychological factors of reason and passion engaged by the assertion, modification, and contest of beliefs and dispositions of the civil communities. The first section looks both at contemporary historians employing rhetorical constructs and tactics and at contemporary accounts of the employment of rhetorical pedagogical material and theoretical texts in medieval and Renaissance cultural practices. The second set of articles considers change and continuity in the rhetorical exploitation''s of genre forms in cultural programs, focuses on the strong reorientation of Classical forms of moral inquiry, on the ingenious use of the proverb, of etymology, of the exemplum, as well as on the changes in strategies in the theater, Trade Review’For a resource on the application of rhetoric as a mode of historical inquiry, this collection offers a plethora of case studies.’ MetapsychologyTable of ContentsContents: Introduction; Part 1 Rhetoric as Inquiry: The pertinence of rhetorical theory and practice for current Vichian scholarship; Topics in history; Subtilitas applicandi in rhetorical hermeneutics: Pierce's gloss and Kelly's example; Dilthey's Hobbes and Cicero's rhetoric; Political rhetoric and rhetorical politics in Juan Luis Vives (1492-1540); Alltäglichkeit, timefullness in the Heideggerian program; Historical priorities. Part 2 The Rhetoric of Genres: Lorenzo Valla: humanist rhetoric and the critique of the classical languages of morality; Fables of power; Proverbial signs: formal strategies in Guicciardini's Ricordi; Pasquier's Recherches de la France: the exemplarity of his medieval sources; Shakespeare and rhetoric; The conversable world: 18th-century transformations of the relation of rhetoric and truth; Ethos and pathos in Ruskin's rhetoric; Florence and his aesthetic politics; Rhetoric: time, memory, memoir. Part 3 Rhetoric and the Disciplines: Petrarch's Invective contra medicum: an early confrontation of rhetoric and medicine; Rhetoric and medicine in Descartes' Passions de l'âme: the issue of intervention; Lionardo di Capoa's Parere (1681): a legal opinion on the use of Aristotle in medicine; Hobbes and Vico on law: a rhetorical gloss; Index.

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Book SynopsisLudmilla Jordanova is Emeritus Professor of History and Visual Culture, Durham University, where she was Director of the Centre for Visual Arts and Culture 2015-19. She was previously Professor of Modern History, King's College, London and Director of the Centre for Research in the Arts, Social Sciences and Humanities at the University of Cambridge. Her most recent books are The Look of the Past: Visual and Material Evidence in Historical Practice (2012) and Physicians and their Images (2018).Trade ReviewOne of the last half-century's most insightful, level-headed, and humane reflections on the practice of history and its cultural significance. * History Journal *A major, deeply reflective work upon the nature of studying and writing history. No other author has treated the subject in the same way. She writes with equal facility about the history of society, high-politics, economics and science and displays a genuine understanding of the differing spirits and methods of sociology, anthropology and philosophy and the ways in which these have made an impact upon history. * Ronald Hutton, Professor of History, University of Bristol, UK *Now thoroughly revised and updated, Jordanova's book offers a distinctive and insightful perspective on the historical enterprise. Wise, witty and gracious, it is highly recommended. * Patrick Finney, UK Editor, Rethinking History *Ludmilla Jordanova’s History in Practice remains an essential guide to what History is, how it has and can be done, and how it might be done better. Subtle, yet refreshingly forthright, and above all humane, it offers a thought-provoking discussion of History as a methodologically diverse ‘craft’. Wide-ranging and erudite in her range of reference, Jordanova sets History in the context of other academic disciplines, including philosophy, anthropology, psychology and literature, and explores its interrelation with these disciplines. She provides an authoritative map of the variant forms of historical practice, examines the kinds of knowledge produced by historians, surveys trends and fashions, and considers the opportunities and challenges posed by the twenty first-century ‘digital age’. Reading (and re-reading) History in Practice reminds me why I became an historian; but it also reminds me why History matters. It is an inspirational book. * Paul Readman, Professor of History, King’s College, London, UK and author of Storied Ground: Landscape and the Shaping of English National Identity *History is the most slippery of disciplines, hard to grasp and harder still to pin down. Ludmilla Jordanova makes it look easy. With deft precision she lays out the tools that furnish History’s workshop, sharpening their functionality while explaining their use, with the occasional cautionary note. Neither a how-to manual nor a philosophical treatise, History in Practice has long been a vital resource for every student of History. This new edition hones its relevance for a new generation of historians. * Penny Russell, Bicentennial Professor of Australian History, University of Sydney, Australia *There is no better introduction to what historians do and how they do it. Concise, elegant and informative, this book will enable anyone interested in history to find their way in a discipline that offers virtually unlimited opportunities for exploration. * Lynn Hunt, Distinguished Research Professor of History, University of California LA, USA *Table of ContentsList of Illustrations Acknowledgements Note to Readers Introduction 1. History in General 2. Mapping the Discipline of History 3. History in the Humanities 4. History in the Social Sciences 5. The Status of Historical Knowledge 6. Periodisation 7. Public History 8. Historians’ Skills 9. History in a Digital Age 10. Trends Endnotes Bibliography Index

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Book SynopsisThese private journals, made available here for the first time, record Hugh Trevor-Roper's visit to the People's Republic of China in the autumn of 1965, shortly before the outbreak of the Cultural Revolution, and describe the controversial aftermath of his journey on his return to England.The visit was a catalogue of frustrations, which he relates with the verve and irony of a master narrator who relished the human comedy. His efforts to meet the real life and mind of China, in whose history and politics he had long been interested, were blocked at every turn by the resources of state propaganda and the claustrophobic attention of sullen Party guides. The visit was arranged by the London-based Society for Anglo-Chinese Understanding, which was ostensibly committed to the impartial interchange of culture and ideas. It proved to be run by a Communist claque whose ruthless methods of control outwitted the well-connected membership.Back in England, and with help from MITrade ReviewEnjoyable for the human comedy and high quality of Trevor-Roper's prose. * The Spectator *Expertly edited, with touches of wit, but with pathos, too... The China Journals is a book as suitable for relishing Trevor-Roper's bitchy brilliance as it is for its fascinating insight into a China about to change forever. * History Today *Scholarly, incisive and omniscient, Davenport-Hines has done another wonderful job … Consistently entertaining. * Literary Review *These diaries are as much about the forgotten world of Britain's intellectual and academic élite in the Cold Wars as they are about China. They offer unusual light on the cultural Cold War underway in the West between fellow travellers of the Communist regimes, then apparently on the rise, and Western anti-Communists of various strains. * The Oldie *Table of ContentsA Note on the Text List of Illustrations List of Abbreviations Introduction 1. China, 1965 2. London and Oxford, 1965 3. History of a Front Organisation, 1966 4. Taiwan and Cambodia, 1967 Appendix A. Through Others' Eyes: Peking and London Appendix B. Trevor-Roper's Companions in China Acknowledgements Bibliography Index

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Book SynopsisShortlisted for the 2021 TaPRA Edited Collection PrizeThe Methuen Drama Handbook of Theatre History and Historiography offers an authoritative guide to contemporary debates and practices in this field. The book covers current key themes and methods in theatre history research, and expands the object of study to include engagement with theatre and performance practices and the development of theatre histories around the world. Central to the book are 16 specially commissioned essays by established and emerging scholars from a wide range of international contexts, whose discussion of individual case studies is predicated on their understanding and experience of their local' landscape of theatre history. These essays reveal where important work continues to be done in the field and, most valuably, draw on academic contexts beyond the Western academy to expand our knowledge of the exciting directions that such an approach opens up. Prefaced by an introduction tracing the deveTrade ReviewThe collection’s impressive range of case studies, thought-provoking organization and attentiveness to innovative methodologies offer readers a wealth of possibilities and ideas. This is a book that should change forever how we think about – and practice – theatre history and historiography. * Susan Bennett, University of Calgary, Canada *Table of ContentsList of Illustrations List of Contributors Acknowledgements How to Use this Book Claire Cochrane (University of Worcester, UK) and Jo Robinson (University of Nottingham, UK) 1. Introduction Claire Cochrane (University of Worcester, UK) and Jo Robinson (University of Nottingham, UK) 2. Research Methods and Methodologies Claire Cochrane (University of Worcester, UK) and Jo Robinson (University of Nottingham, UK) 3. Current Research: Case Studies from the Field 3.1 Seeing Differently Through Time and Space Introduction: Claire Cochrane (University of Worcester, UK) and Jo Robinson (University of Nottingham, UK) 3.1.1 A-foot in Time: Temporality in the Space of a Moment in Theatre History Rosemarie Bank (Kent State University, USA) 3.1.2 Nuwhju and the Archive: Recuperating the History of Aboriginal Australian Performance Practice Maryrose Casey (Monash University, Australia) 3.2 Challenging Dominant Histories Introduction: Claire Cochrane (University of Worcester, UK) and Jo Robinson (University of Nottingham, UK) 3.2.1 Theatre History vs Theatre Canon: the Chilean Case Milena Grass Kleiner (Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, USA), Mariana Hausdorf Andrade (Independent Scholar), Nancy Nicholls (Universidad Católica de Chile, USA) 3.2.2 When Napoleon went to the Theatre: A Closer Examination of Stories and the History of the Milanese Patriotic Scene Laura Peja (Università Cattolica, Italy) 3.3 Politics, Precursors and Erasure Introduction: Claire Cochrane (University of Worcester, UK) and Jo Robinson (University of Nottingham, UK) 3.3.1 How to Make Political Theatre? Polish Socialist Realism as a Historiographical Problem Dorota Sosnowska (Institute of Polish Culture, University of Warsaw, Poland) 3.3.2 The First Actress Party:Adunni Oluwole and the First Guerrilla Theatre in Nigeria Ngozi Udengwu (University of Nigeria, Nigeria) 3.4 Mapping Landscapes of Theatre Introduction: Claire Cochrane (University of Worcester, UK) and Jo Robinson (University of Nottingham, UK) 3.4.1 Mapping London’s Amateur Theatre Histories David Coates (University of Warwick, UK) 3.4.2 Between Back Province and Metropolis. Actor Autobiographies as Sources to Trace Cultural Mobility Katharina Wessely (University of Vienna, Austria) 3.5 Place and the Performance Event Introduction: Claire Cochrane (University of Worcester, UK) and Jo Robinson (University of Nottingham, UK) 3.5.1. History vs Historiography. A Renaissance Case Study Revisited Clelia Falletti (University of Rome, Italy), trans. by Victor Emmanuel Jacono 3.5.2 Of Shrine and Stage: A Study of Huizhou Temple Theatre in Late Imperial China Xiaohuan Zhao (Shanxi Normal University & Donghua University, Shanghai, China) 3.6 Material Evidence and the Archive Introduction: Claire Cochrane (University of Worcester, UK) and Jo Robinson (University of Nottingham, UK) 3.6.1 Historiography of Yellowface: Stage Makeup, Materiality and Technology Esther Kim Lee (Duke University, USA) 3.6.2 Archived Voices: Attempting to Listen to the Theatrical Past Ruthie Abeliovich (University of Haifa, Israel) 3.7 The Imperatives of Local Difference Introduction: Claire Cochrane (University of Worcester, UK) and Jo Robinson (University of Nottingham, UK) 3.7.1 What’s in a Name? The Performance of Language in the Invention of Colonial and Postcolonial South Asian Theatre History Rashna Darius Nicholson (University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong) 3.7.2 Korean Masked Dance Drama and a Historiography of Emotions Hyunshik Ju (Kyonggi University, South Korea) 3.8 Rhizomes and Palimpsests: Theatre Histories Across Cultures Introduction: Claire Cochrane (University of Worcester, UK) and Jo Robinson (University of Nottingham, UK) 3.8.1 Erased Trails: Investigating Icelandic-Canadian Theatre History Magnus Thor Thorbergsson (University of Iceland, Iceland) 3.8.2 Decolonizing Theatre History in the Arab World (The Case of the Maghreb) Khalid Amine (Abdelmalek Essaadi University, Tétouan, Morocco) 4. Changing Perspectives and Current Challenges Introduction: Claire Cochrane (University of Worcester, UK) and Jo Robinson (University of Nottingham, UK) 4.1 A Manifesto for Performance Research Elisabeth Dutton (University of Fribourg, Switzerland) 4.2 Digital Histories, Digital Landscapes: New Possibilities of Arranging the Record Jo Robinson (University of Nottingham, UK) 4.3 Historians in Dialogue: a Roundtable Discussion 5.1. Works Cited 5.2 Annotated Bibliography 5.3 Selected Resources Index

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Book SynopsisBeate Dignas is Associate Professor at the University of Oxford, UK, and Fellow and Tutor of Ancient History at Somerville College. Her research focuses on Greek Religion and the History of Asia Minor. She is the author of Economy of the Sacred in Hellenistic and Roman Asia Minor (2002) and Rome and Persia in Late Antiquity (2007). She has also edited the collective volumes Historical and Religious Memory in the Ancient World (2012) and Wandering Myths: Transcultural Uses of Myth in the Ancient World (2018).Table of ContentsList of Illustrations General Editors’ Preface Introduction 1. Power and Politics 2. Time and Space 3. Media and Technology 4. Knowledge: Science and Education 5. Ideas: Philosophy, Religion and History 6. High Culture and Popular Culture 7. The Social: Rituals, Faith, Practices and the Everyday 8. Remembering and Forgetting Notes Bibliography Contributors Index

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Book SynopsisExamines how the imagination of space in the early modern period influenced the development of the modern concept of political universalism

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Book SynopsisThe essays collected in this volume represent many years of Professor Nauert''s research and teaching on the history of Renaissance humanism, and more particularly on humanism north of the Alps. Much of the early work involved the significant but often-overlooked history of humanism at the University of Cologne, notoriously the most anti-humanist of the German universities. Later essays deal with the most famous humanist of the early sixteenth century, Erasmus of Rotterdam, and natural philosophy, a broad term covering many subjects now associated with natural science, is the topic of three of the pieces published here. Taken as a whole, the book presents a detailed study of intellectual development among European elites.Trade Review'... a welcome republication of articles, some of which first appeared in journals or collections that are not easy to find, and which represent the fruits of over fifty years of original research.' Sixteenth Century JournalTable of ContentsContents: Introduction: Part I Scholastic Doctors and Humanist Challengers: The clash of humanists and scholastics: an approach to pre-Reformation controversies; Humanist infiltration into the academic world: some studies of northern universities; Humanism as method: roots of conflict with the scholastics; The humanist challenge to medieval German culture; Peter of Ravenna and the 'obscure men' of Cologne: a case of pre-Reformation controversy; Graf Hermann von Neuenahr and the limits of humanism in Cologne; Humanists, scholastics, and the struggle to reform the University of Cologne, 1523-1525. Part II Erasmus and the Conflict over Humanism: 'A remarkably supercilious and touchy lot': Erasmus on the scholastic theologians; 'The articular disease': Erasmus' charges that the theologians have let the Church down. Part III 'Christian Humanism' in Renaissance Culture: Rethinking 'Christian humanism'; Marguerite, Lefèvre d'Etaples, and the growth of Christian humanism in France. Part IV Science in the Renaissance: Natural and Occult: Humanists, scientists, and Pliny: changing approaches to a classical author; Magic and skepticism in Agrippa's thought; Agrippa in Renaissance Italy: the esoteric tradition. Part V Directions in Renaissance Intellectual Life: The mind; Index.

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Book SynopsisLeon Battista Alberti (1404-1472) was the most versatile humanist of the fifteenth century: author of numerous compositions in both Latin and Italian, and a groundbreaking theorist of painting, sculpture, and architecture. His Latin writings owe much to the model of Petrarch (1304-1374), the famed poet of the Italian Canzoniere, but also a prolific author of Latin epistles, biographies, and poems that sparked the revival of classical culture in the early Italian Renaissance. The essays collected here reflect some thirty years of research into these pioneers of Humanism, and offer important insights into forms of Renaissance ''self-fashioning'' such as allegory and autobiography.Trade Review'... the volume is an invaluable resource for all Alberti scholars. Such a widely varied collection of articles provides a useful overview of Alberti, through its introductory material and through the varied types of textual analysis that it includes. Readers of Marsh's books will find both the seeds of his later projects and thoughtful reflections on previously published works, thus enjoying an intriguing glimpse in the evolution of a scholar, as well as informative studies on two significant Renaissance writers.' Sixteenth Century JournalTable of ContentsContents: Introduction; Part 1 Introductory: Alberti, Leon Battista; Leon Battista Alberti at the millennium (review essay); The self expressed: Leon Battista Alberti's autobiography. Part 2 Petrarch: Petrarch and Alberti; Petrarch and Jerome; Petrarch and Suetonius: the imperial ideal in the republic of letters; Poetics and polemics in Petrarch's invectives; The burning question: crisis and cosmology in the Secret (Secretum). Part 3 Albertian Allegory and Symbolism: Alberti's Momus: sources and contexts; Alberti and Apuleius: comic violence and vehemence in the Intercenales and Momus; Alberti, Scala, and Ficino: Aesop in quattrocento Florence; Visualizing virtue: Alberti and the early Renaissance emblem; Alberti and symbolic thinking: prolegomena to the dialogue Anuli; L'Alberti, il Pisanello e gli Este: Devises e medaglie umanistiche nel primo Quattrocento. Part 4 Poggio, Alberti and Vat. Lat. 4037: De curialium incommodis: Alberti and Poggio; Poggio and Alberti: three notes; Girolamo Massaini trascrittore dell'Alberti (with Paolo d'Alessandro). Part 5 Textual Problems in Alberti: Further notes on Leon Battista Alberti's Dinner Pieces; Textual problems in the Intercenales; Index.

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Book SynopsisThe relationship between law and science has developed apace over the last three decades. This collection brings together the most important and influential papers theorising that relationship, including papers that seek to protect law's autonomy against the perceived unwelcome inroads of science, and those that seek to shape and change law by incorporating the latest scientific developments. The papers span historical overviews of the attempts by legal scholars to model legal science on scientific methodology, to efforts by legal philosophers scrutinising the claims made on behalf of genetics and neuroscience as to their implications for law and legal concepts. The volume also includes a section on the famous debate within American case law over what constitutes good science. The volume contains a substantive introduction and detailed bibliography.Table of ContentsContents: Introduction: of empires and revolutionaries. Part I Science, Realism and Naturalism: Law & geometry: legal science from Leibniz to Langdell, M.H. Hoeflich; Rules of law, laws of science, Wai Chee Dimock; Naturalizing jurisprudence: three approaches, Brian Leiter. Part II Science on Trial: Commentary: science at the bar - causes for concern, Larry Laudan; Response to the commentary: pro judice, Michael Ruse; Commentary: science v. creation-science, William A. Thomas; Two stories of the Scopes trial, Lawrance M. Bernabo and Celeste Michelle Condit; The evolving role of the courts in educational policy: the tension between judicial, scientific, and democratic decision making in Kitzmiller v. Dover, Benjamin Michael Superfine. Part III Proof and Truth: Trial by mathematics: precision and ritual in the legal process, Laurence H. Tribe; Irreconcilable differences? The troubled marriage of science and law, Susan Haack; A science of evidence: contributions from law and probability, David A. Schum. Part IV System and Change: Gödel and Langdell - a reply to Brown and Greenberg’s use of mathematics in legal theory, David R. Dow; The zones of cyberspace, Lawrence Lessig; Rationality and the taming of complexity, Ronald J. Allen; Legal evolution: integrating economic and systemic approaches, Simon Deakin. Part V Science and Legal Concepts: The jurisprudence of genetics, Rochelle Cooper Dreyfuss and Dorothy Nelkin; The biology of culpability: pathological identity and crime control in a biological culture, Nikolas Rose; Philosophical foundations of law and neuroscience, Michael S. Pardo and Dennis Patterson; Responsible choices, desert-based legal institutions, and the challenges of contemporary neuroscience, Michael S. Moore. Name index.

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Book Synopsis''The most important art historian of his generation' is how some scholars have described the late Michael Baxandall (1933-2007), Professor of the Classical Tradition at the Warburg Institute, University of London, and of the History of Art at the University of California, Berkeley. Baxandall's work had a transformative effect on the study of European Renaissance and eighteenth-century art, and contributed to a complex transition in the aims and methods of art history in general during the 1970s, '80s and '90s. While influential, he was also an especially subtle and independent thinker - occasionally a controversial one - and many of the implications of his work have yet to be fully understood and assimilated. This collection of 10 essays endeavors to assess the nature of Baxandall's achievement, and in particular to address the issue of the challenges it offers to the practice of art history today. This volume provides the most comprehensive assessment of Baxandall's work to date, whTrade Review'The book is a palpable record of a powerful mind.'--CAA Reviews'Adopting a range of approaches, the contributors to this volume make a compelling case for the ongoing importance of Baxandall's art historical writing. Revealing the succession of intellectual identities that constituted his extraordinary career, we re-discover the Leavis disciple and "Burkhardtian" Renaissance historian of the 1950s; the philological student of humanist writing on art that emerged in the following decade; the social historian of the 1970s; and the "inferential critic" of the 80s and 90s together with the late return to the Renaissance in Words for Pictures. Anyone who cares about the role of history and criticism in writing about art will want to read this book.' --Stephen Campbell, Johns Hopkins University, USATable of ContentsContents: Introduction: Of tact and moral urgency; The visual conditions of pictorial meaning, Alex Potts; ‘To do a Leavis on visual art:’ the place of F.R. Leavis in Michael Baxandall’s intellectual formation, Jules Lubbock; Baxandall and Gramsci: pictorial intelligence and organic intellectuals, Alberto Frigo; Art history, re-enactment, and the idiographic stance, Whitney Davis; Inferential criticism and Kunstwissenschaft, Robert Williams; The presence of light, Paul Hills; Printing and experience in 18th-century Italy, Evelyn Lincoln; Pattern and individual: Limewood Sculptors and A Grasp Of Kaspar, Peter Mack; Michael Baxandall’s ‘stationing’, Elizabeth Cook; Index.

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Book SynopsisAlthough the immense importance for the Renaissance of Greek émigrés to fifteenth-century Italy has long been recognized, much basic research on the phenomenon remains to be done. This new volume by John Monfasani gathers together fourteen studies filling in some of the gaps in our knowledge. The philosophers George Gemistus Pletho and George Amiroutzes, the great churchman Cardinal Bessarion, and the famous humanists George of Trebizond and Theodore Gaza are the subjects of some of the articles. Other articles treat the émigrés as a group within the wider frame of contemporary issues, such as humanism, the theological debate between the Orthodox and Roman Catholics, and the process of translating Greek texts into Latin. Furthermore, some notable Latin figures also enter into several of the articles in a detailed way, specifically, Nicholas of Cusa, Niccolà Perotti, and Pietro Balbi.Table of ContentsContents: Preface; The Greeks and Renaissance humanism; The pro-Latin apologetics of the Greek émigrés to quattrocento Italy; Pletho’s date of death and the burning of his Laws; George Gemistus Pletho and the West: Greek émigrés, Latin scholasticism, and Renaissance humanism; The ‘lost’ final part of George Amiroutzes’ Dialogus de Fide in Christum and Zanobi Acciaiuoli; A note on George Amiroutzes (c. 1400-c. 1469) and his moral argument against the transmigration of souls; Cardinal Bessarion’s own translation of the In Calumniatorem Platonis; Niccolò Perotti and Bessarion’s In Calumniatorem Platonis; Cardinal Bessarion’s Greek and Latin sources in the Plato-Aristotle controversy of the 15th century and Nicholas of Cusa’s relation to the controversy; The pre- and post-history of Cardinal Bessarion’s 1469 In Calumniatorem Platonis; A tale of two books: Bessarion’s In Calumniatorem Platonis and George of Trebizond’s Comparatio Philosophorum Platonis et Aristotelis; Aristotle as scribe of nature: the title-page of MS Vat. Lat. 2094; George of Trebizond’s critique of Theodore Gaza’s translation of the Aristotelian Problemata; Some quattrocento translators of St Basil the Great: Gaspare Zacchi, Episcopus Anonymus, Pietro Balbi, Athanasius Chalkeopoulos, and Cardinal Bessarion; Addenda et corrigenda; Indexes.

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Book SynopsisStarting with an essay on the Renaissance as the concluding phase of the Middle Ages and ending with appreciations of Paul Oskar Kristeller, the great twentieth-century scholar of the Renaissance, this new volume by John Monfasani brings together seventeen articles that focus both on individuals, such as Erasmus of Rotterdam, Angelo Poliziano, Marsilio Ficino, and Niccolà Perotti, and on large-scale movements, such as the spread of Italian humanism, Ciceronianism, Biblical criticism, and the Plato-Aristotle Controversy. In addition to entering into the persistent debate on the nature of the Renaissance, the articles in the volume also engage what of late have become controversial topics, namely, the shape and significance of Renaissance humanism and the character of the Platonic Academy in Florence.Trade Review"This Variorum volume is more than simply a collection of articles. It provides an informative and well-organized general overview of Monfasani's contributions to Renaissance studies over the past two decades." - Joseph S. Freedman, Alabama State UniversityTable of ContentsPreface. The Renaissance: The Renaissance as the concluding phase of the Middle Ages. Renaissance Humanism: Italian Humanism and European culture; Erasmus and the philosophers; Erasmus, the Roman Academy, and Ciceronianism: Battista Casali’s invective; The Ciceronian controversy; Renaissance Ciceronianism and Christianity; Criticism of biblical humanists in Quattrocento Italy; Angelo Poliziano, Aldo Manuzio, Theodore Gaza, George of Trebizond and chapter 90 of the Miscellaneorum Centuria Prima (with an edition and translation); The puzzling dates of Paolo Cortesi; Niccolò Perotti’s date of birth and his preface to De Generibus Metrorum; Marsilio Ficino and Eusebius of Caesaria’s Praeparatio Evangelica; Prisca Theologia in the Plato-Aristotle controversy before Ficino; Two 15th-century ‘Platonic academies’: Bessarion’s and Ficino’s; Quality control in Renaissance translations: a note of Pietro Balbi to Cardinal Oliviero Carafa. Paul Oskar Kristeller: Toward the genesis of the Kristeller thesis of Renaissance humanism: four bibliographical notes; Kristeller and manuscripts; Paul Oskar Kristeller †. Addenda et corrigenda. Indexes.

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Book SynopsisExploring the major historiographical, theoretical, and methodological approaches that have shaped studies on slavery, this addition to the Writing History series highlights the varied ways that historians have approached the fluid and complex systems of human bondage, domination, and exploitation that have developed in societies across the world. The first part examines more recent attempts to place slavery in a global context, touching on contexts such as religion, empire, and capitalism. In its second part, the book looks closely at the key themes and methods that emerge as historians reckon with the dynamics of historical slavery. These range from politics, economics and quantitative analyses, to race and gender, to pyschohistory, history from below, and many more. Throughout, examples of slavery and its impact are considered across time and place: in Ancient Greece and Rome, Medieval Europe, colonial Asia, Africa, and the Americas, and trades throughout the Atlantic and IndTrade ReviewThis is a fascinating volume on the historiography of slavery. It has interesting chapters on how historians have approached the global history of slavery and concepts such as empire, capitalism and antislavery. The book also deals with the methods and perspectives historians have used to explore slavery, including race, gender and memory. A valuable and important collection. * Prof. Gad Heuman, Emeritus University of Warwick, UK *This is the best collection of studies on the historiography, methodologies and theoretical approaches to the comparative and transnational histories of slavery. The approaches are discussed in general terms followed by excellent illustrative studies. Doddington and Dal Lago deserve high praise for the expertise and thoroughness of their selection, organization and editing of chapters that are all very informative. The authors cover their assigned areas thoroughly and accessibly, offering clear views of their specialties in styles that are often lively and inviting. The work will be indispensable for both specialists interested in alternate approaches, researchers new to the study of slavery, and teachers and students seeking context and greater depth in their study of the many cutting edge histories of the world’s slaveries. * Orlando Patterson, John Cowles Professor of Sociology, Harvard University, USA *Important reading for anyone interested in writing about slavery and its historiographical traditions, this is a hugely ambitious and multifaceted book featuring interpretations of slavery by a number of historians writing from diverse historiographical, intellectual and analytical perspectives. Deliberately spanning wide chronological and geographical contexts, the authors included reflect upon a variety of theoretical, thematic and methodological approaches for exploring slavery. * Emily West, Professor of American History, University of Reading, UK *Writing the History of Slavery is a must-read for students and specialists of the history of slavery. This important book provides an accessible examination of the methodological challenges historians of slavery have been and are still confronted to and how the multifarious methods implemented to overcome them have influenced the historiography of slavery. * Lawrence Aje, Associate Professor of American History, Paul Valéry University of Montpellier, France *Table of ContentsPart I: Global approaches 1 Defining slavery in global perspective (David Lewis, University of Edinburgh, UK) 2 Writing global histories of slavery (Michael Zeuske, University of Cologne, Germany, University of Bonn, Germany, Universidad de la Habana, Cuba) 3 Slavery and empire (Trevor Burnard, University of Hull, UK) 4 The ‘Great Divergence’: Slavery, capitalism and world-economy, (Dale Tomich, Binghamton University, USA) 5 Approaches to global antislavery (Seymour Drescher, University of Pittsburgh, USA) 6 Comparative and transnational histories of slavery (Enrico Dal Lago, National University of Ireland Galway, Ireland) Part II: Themes and methods 7 Political and legal histories of slavery (Sue Peabody, Washington State University, USA) 8 Writing national histories of slavery (Lewis Eliot, University of Oklahoma, USA) 9 Writing the religious history of the enslaved in the Atlantic World (Matt D. Childs, University of South Carolina, USA) 10 What historians of slavery write about when we write about race, (Jacqueline Jones, University of Texas at Austin, USA) 11 Gender history and slavery (David Stefan Doddington, Cardiff University, UK) 12 Dispossessed lives: Enslaved women, violence, and the archive, (Marisa J. Fuentes, Rutgers University, USA with an introduction from Elizabeth Maeve Barnes, University of Reading, UK) 13 Slavery, postcolonialism and the colonial archive, (Andrea Major, University of Leeds, UK) 14 Imagining slavery in Roman antiquity (K.R. Bradley, University of Notre Dame, USA) 15 Quantitative histories of slavery, (Andrea Livesey, Liverpool John Moores University, UK) 16 Psychohistory and slavery, (Patrick H. Breen, Providence College, USA) 17 Material culture, archaeology and slavery, (Lydia Wilson Marshall, DePauw University, USA) 18 Slavery and the cultural turn, (Raquel Kennon, California State University, Northridge, USA) 19 Re-tooling memory and memory tools: America’s ongoing re-memory of slavery, (Marcus Wood, University of Sussex, UK)

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Book SynopsisThis book examines the life and work of Rashid al-Din Tabib (d. 1318), the most powerful statesman working for the Mongol Ilkhans in the Middle East.

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