Historical geology and palaeogeology Books

Book SynopsisLynn R. Sykes played a key role in the birth of plate tectonics, conducting revelatory research on earthquakes. In this book, he gives an invaluable insider's perspective on the theory's development and its implications.Trade ReviewPlate Tectonics and Great Earthquakes is an enjoyable read about Lynn Sykes's firsthand experiences and historic contributions to seismology and to the world-shaking development of plate tectonics. -- Rick Aster, Warner College of Natural Resources, Colorado State UniversityA personal, firsthand tour through one of the great scientific revolutions of the past several centuries, from a major contributor to that revolution. -- Daniel Davis, Stony Brook UniversityLynn Sykes, one of the scientific revolutionaries who gave us plate tectonics, tells his story, with special emphasis on earthquake prediction. Although earthquake prediction has been a topic perceived by some as pursued only by “fools and charlatans,” Sykes defends it not only as worthy of pursuit but also, however imperfect, as likely to be societally valuable. -- Peter Molnar, Distinguished Professor of Geological Sciences, University of Colorado, BoulderLynn R. Sykes is world-renowned for his contributions to seismology. In this retrospective, he reflects on his fruitful scientific journey, from reading lots of seismograms and making fundamental contributions to the theory of plate tectonics and the understanding of great earthquakes, to the public policy implications of his earthquake research. -- Martin Reyners, GNS Science, New ZealandA leader in the plate tectonic revolution, Sykes also spearheaded studies of earthquake hazards and prediction for five decades. His unvarnished reflections and insights will captivate anyone intrigued by the irregular rhythms and spasms of the earth or curious about the scientists who strive to decipher them. -- Rob Wesson, former chief, USGS Office of Earthquakes, Volcanoes, and Engineering, and author of Darwin’s First Theory: Exploring Darwin’s Quest for a Theory of EarthA career-capping tour de force that is part memoir, part scientific history. * Civil Engineering *Anyone interested in earthquakes and natural hazard science will enjoy reading Plate Tectonics and Great Earthquakes and will gain new insights, even on topics they are familiar with. * Times Higher Education *Table of ContentsPreface1. Transform Faults: My Road to Seafloor Spreading, Continental Drift, and Plate Tectonics2. Childhood, High School, MIT, and Columbia University3. Earthquakes Along Fracture Zones and Mid-Oceanic Ridges, 1963–19654. Earthquakes at Subduction Zones, 1965–19675. Subduction, Plate Tectonics, and the New Global Tectonics, 1967–19696. Earthquakes in the Caribbean and Alaska7. Long-Term Earthquake Prediction, Seismic Gaps: Alaska, Mexico, and South America8. The San Francisco Earthquake of 1906 and Long-Term Prediction for California9. My Work with the U.S. National Earthquake Prediction Evaluation Council10. Japanese Earthquakes and the Fukushima Nuclear Disaster11. Earthquakes in the Eastern and Central United States12. Earthquake Risks to Nuclear-Power Reactors13. Nuclear-Power Reactors in the United States: Lessons Learned from the Fukushima Disaster14. Travels to Earthquake Countries and a Trip to the Earth’s Mantle in Newfoundland15. Advances in Long-Term Earthquake Prediction: Future ProspectsAcknowledgmentsGlossaryReferencesIndexAbout the Author

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Book SynopsisThe geologist Markes E. Johnson invites readers on a journey through deep time to find the traces of ancient islands. He visits a dozen sites around the globe, looking above and below today’s waterlines to uncover how landscapes of the past are preserved in the present.Trade ReviewIslands in Deep Time is a deep dive into the logic of geology: how vanished land- and seascapes can be conjured back into existence from the raw rock record. All geologists collect old rocks, but Markes Johnson collects entire ancient islands. This book is an exhibit of a dozen particularly fine specimens, which Johnson holds up and rotates so they can be viewed from multiple perspectives. -- Marcia Bjornerud, author of Geopedia: A Brief Compendium of Geologic Curiosities and Timefulness: How Thinking Like a Geologist Can Help Save the WorldUsing his lifetime of experience in geology, Johnson illustrates how a landscape can be read as the results of millions of years of geological, biological, and climatological processes. A fascinating and imaginative work. -- Henry Hooghiemstra, emeritus professor in the Institute for Biodiversity and Ecosystem Dynamics, University of AmsterdamIslands in Deep Time takes readers on hikes to ancient shorelines, featuring possibly the best descriptions and visualizations of field locations I have ever read. -- Gordon Chancellor, coeditor of Charles Darwin's Notebooks from the Voyage of the Beagle[A…] geological tour de force. * Deposits Magazne *Table of ContentsPreface: On the Reality of Time TravelAcknowledgments1. How to Listen to a Sky Island with Global Ambition: Climbing Mount Monadnock2. How an Island Cluster Acquires Its Shape: A Journey in Late Cambrian Time to Wisconsin’s Baraboo Archipelago3. How Islands Trade in Physical Wear and Organic Growth: A Journey in Late Ordovician Time to Hudson Bay’s Jens Munk Archipelago4. How Islands Recall Windward Surf and Leeward Calm: A Journey in Late Silurian Time to Inner Mongolia’s Bater Island5. How Bigger Islands are Broken into Smaller Pieces: A Journey in Late Devonian Time to Western Australia’s Mowanbini Archipelago6. How Softer Islands Dissolve: A Journey in Early Permian Time to the Labyrinth Karst of Western Australia7. How Islands React to Big Storms: A Journey in Early Jurassic Time to Saint David’s Archipelago of Wales8. How Island Life Aligns with Global Currents: A Journey in Late Cretaceous Time to Baja California’s Eréndira Islands9. How Island Life Adjusts to Opposing Shores on Oceanic Islands: A Journey in Middle Miocene Time to the Madeira Archipelago10. How Volcanic Islands Rise, Fall, and Renew: A Journey in Early Pliocene Time to the Azorean Santa Maria Island11. How the Youngest Islands Challenge Witness: Journeys in Pleistocene Time to Islands on the African and Pacific Tectonic Plates12. How Islands Draw Meaning and Obligation: Descending Mount Misen on Japan’s Sacred MiyajimaGlossaryNotesBibliographyIndex

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Book SynopsisThe geologist Markes E. Johnson invites readers on a journey through deep time to find the traces of ancient islands. He visits a dozen sites around the globe, looking above and below today’s waterlines to uncover how landscapes of the past are preserved in the present.Trade ReviewIslands in Deep Time is a deep dive into the logic of geology: how vanished land- and seascapes can be conjured back into existence from the raw rock record. All geologists collect old rocks, but Markes Johnson collects entire ancient islands. This book is an exhibit of a dozen particularly fine specimens, which Johnson holds up and rotates so they can be viewed from multiple perspectives. -- Marcia Bjornerud, author of Geopedia: A Brief Compendium of Geologic Curiosities and Timefulness: How Thinking Like a Geologist Can Help Save the WorldUsing his lifetime of experience in geology, Johnson illustrates how a landscape can be read as the results of millions of years of geological, biological, and climatological processes. A fascinating and imaginative work. -- Henry Hooghiemstra, emeritus professor in the Institute for Biodiversity and Ecosystem Dynamics, University of AmsterdamIslands in Deep Time takes readers on hikes to ancient shorelines, featuring possibly the best descriptions and visualizations of field locations I have ever read. -- Gordon Chancellor, coeditor of Charles Darwin's Notebooks from the Voyage of the Beagle[A…] geological tour de force. * Deposits Magazne *Table of ContentsPreface: On the Reality of Time TravelAcknowledgments1. How to Listen to a Sky Island with Global Ambition: Climbing Mount Monadnock2. How an Island Cluster Acquires Its Shape: A Journey in Late Cambrian Time to Wisconsin’s Baraboo Archipelago3. How Islands Trade in Physical Wear and Organic Growth: A Journey in Late Ordovician Time to Hudson Bay’s Jens Munk Archipelago4. How Islands Recall Windward Surf and Leeward Calm: A Journey in Late Silurian Time to Inner Mongolia’s Bater Island5. How Bigger Islands are Broken into Smaller Pieces: A Journey in Late Devonian Time to Western Australia’s Mowanbini Archipelago6. How Softer Islands Dissolve: A Journey in Early Permian Time to the Labyrinth Karst of Western Australia7. How Islands React to Big Storms: A Journey in Early Jurassic Time to Saint David’s Archipelago of Wales8. How Island Life Aligns with Global Currents: A Journey in Late Cretaceous Time to Baja California’s Eréndira Islands9. How Island Life Adjusts to Opposing Shores on Oceanic Islands: A Journey in Middle Miocene Time to the Madeira Archipelago10. How Volcanic Islands Rise, Fall, and Renew: A Journey in Early Pliocene Time to the Azorean Santa Maria Island11. How the Youngest Islands Challenge Witness: Journeys in Pleistocene Time to Islands on the African and Pacific Tectonic Plates12. How Islands Draw Meaning and Obligation: Descending Mount Misen on Japan’s Sacred MiyajimaGlossaryNotesBibliographyIndex

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Book SynopsisEarth's climate has undergone dramatic changes over the geologic timescale. At one extreme, Earth has been glaciated from the poles to the equator for periods that may have lasted millions of years. This title presents the study of such changes and their causes.Trade Review"The work is well-written, with just enough mathematics to add to the reader's understanding, without causing confusion."--Choice "The author has succeeded admirably in producing a clear, concise, yet detailed summary of a very important topic. The text is supplemented by an excellent selection of diagrams and data displays ... and more than 300 references to the primary research literature. I found it easy to read yet thought provoking, consistently interesting and, perhaps best of all, not at all intimidating in bulk or style. Highly recommended!"--William R. Green, Leading Edge "Paleoclimate gives the reader a concise, clear view of how Earth's climate has changed over geologic time and the major drivers for this change. I heartily recommend the book for those interested in understanding Earth's rich climate complexity."--Jeffrey T Kiehl, Reports of the National Center for Science EducationTable of ContentsList of Boxes vi Preface vii Acknowledgments xiii 1 Earth's Climate System 1 2 The Faint Young Sun 24 3 Precambrian Glaciations 38 4 Regulation of the Earth System and Global Temperature 54 5 The Late Paleozoic Ice Ages 73 6 Equable Climates of the Mesozoic and Paleogene 97 7 The Paleocene-Eocene Thermal Maximum 125 8 The Long Cooling of the Cenozoic 144 9 The Origin of Northern Hemisphere Glaciation and the Pleistocene Ice Ages 172 10 Rapid Climate Change during the Last Glacial Period 235 11 The Holocene 264 12 Anthropogenic Global Warming in the Context of Paleoclimate 287 Glossary 295 Index 303

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Book SynopsisTrade Review"Evocative and vivid."---Steven Carroll, Sydney Morning Herald"Gripping and informative to the last page."---Nick Smith, The Explorers Journal"Like Antarctica itself: dynamic and unexpected, but always fascinating."---Gemma Tarlach, Discover Magazine"Cold begone! Here be wonders. . . . [Wood] approaches Antarctica with refreshing breeziness."---Fergus Fleming, Literary Review"Three nations sent expeditions to the Antarctic in the late 1830s and early 1840s. This fascinating account describes their members’ heroism and often disastrous experiences without ignoring the significant discoveries that followed. . . . Outstanding history accompanied by outstanding popular science." * Kirkus, starred review *"Wood’s approach links exploration and scientific study, showing how researchers have followed in the footsteps—sometimes literally—of trailblazing Antarctic adventurers. Moreover, the vulnerability of those early explorers, with their wooden ships and primitive equipment, reminds Wood of our collective vulnerability today to planetary systems shifting under the pressure of climate change."---Marissa Grunes, Boston Review"A masterful means of emplacing Antarctica – and the history of science – in deep time: an urgent concern in our moment of climate crisis."---Alexis Rider, Polar Journal"In a book that is both science and adventure story, Land of Wondrous Cold weaves together the human and natural history of the Antarctic by connecting early Victorian explorers and their discoveries with ancient and modern geological findings."---Midge Raymond, EcoLit Books"[A] superb account."---Nick Smith, Engineering & Technology"Gripping and informative to the last page."---Dr Alyson Hitch, Bay Magazine"The book recounts the stories of . . . rival expeditions in relation to each other in vivid detail, bringing out the various personalities involved." * Paradigm Explorer *"Land of Wondrous Cold blew me away with its clever twin narrative. Readers interested in polar exploration, science history, earth sciences, or deep-time history should all take note. This book is far more interesting and satisfying than a casual glance might suggest."---Leon Vlieger, The Inquisitive Biologist"This is a well written book that remains clear even whilst juggling three different expeditions. It could easily have been three times the length, but this would rather have spoilt the whole package, which is digestible and easy to read."---Dave Munday, Ocean Challenge

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Book SynopsisTrade Review"Evocative and vivid."---Steven Carroll, Sydney Morning Herald"Gripping and informative to the last page."---Nick Smith, The Explorers Journal"Like Antarctica itself: dynamic and unexpected, but always fascinating."---Gemma Tarlach, Discover Magazine"Cold begone! Here be wonders. . . . [Wood] approaches Antarctica with refreshing breeziness."---Fergus Fleming, Literary Review"Three nations sent expeditions to the Antarctic in the late 1830s and early 1840s. This fascinating account describes their members’ heroism and often disastrous experiences without ignoring the significant discoveries that followed. . . . Outstanding history accompanied by outstanding popular science." * Kirkus, starred review *"Wood’s approach links exploration and scientific study, showing how researchers have followed in the footsteps—sometimes literally—of trailblazing Antarctic adventurers. Moreover, the vulnerability of those early explorers, with their wooden ships and primitive equipment, reminds Wood of our collective vulnerability today to planetary systems shifting under the pressure of climate change."---Marissa Grunes, Boston Review"A masterful means of emplacing Antarctica – and the history of science – in deep time: an urgent concern in our moment of climate crisis."---Alexis Rider, Polar Journal"In a book that is both science and adventure story, Land of Wondrous Cold weaves together the human and natural history of the Antarctic by connecting early Victorian explorers and their discoveries with ancient and modern geological findings."---Midge Raymond, EcoLit Books"[A] superb account."---Nick Smith, Engineering & Technology"Gripping and informative to the last page."---Dr Alyson Hitch, Bay Magazine"The book recounts the stories of . . . rival expeditions in relation to each other in vivid detail, bringing out the various personalities involved." * Paradigm Explorer *"Land of Wondrous Cold blew me away with its clever twin narrative. Readers interested in polar exploration, science history, earth sciences, or deep-time history should all take note. This book is far more interesting and satisfying than a casual glance might suggest."---Leon Vlieger, The Inquisitive Biologist"This is a well written book that remains clear even whilst juggling three different expeditions. It could easily have been three times the length, but this would rather have spoilt the whole package, which is digestible and easy to read."---Dave Munday, Ocean Challenge

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Book SynopsisTable of Contents*Frontmatter, pg. i*Preface, pg. v*Acknowledgments, pg. ix*Contents, pg. x*I. History's Lessons, pg. 3*II. The Moon's Shape and Motion, pg. 24*III. Remote Sensing Techniques, pg. 36*IV. Lunar Craters and Terrestrial Analogs. Part 1, pg. 59*IV. Lunar Craters and Terrestrial Analogs. Part 2, pg. 88*V. Imbrium Basin Stratigraphy, pg. 117*VI. Other Basins-Other Stratigraphies, pg. 140*VII. Crater Stratigraphy, pg. 161*VIII. Volcanic Stratigraphy. Part 1, pg. 176*VIII. Volcanic Stratigraphy. Part 2, pg. 206*IX. Highland Stratigraphy, pg. 237*X. Relative and Absolute Ages of Lunar Materials, pg. 255*XI. Lunar Stratigraphy Reconsidered, pg. 277*XI. Apollo Results. Part 1, pg. 281*XI. Apollo Results. Part 2, pg. 320*Appendix A: GEOLOGIC MAPS OF THE MOON AT A SCALE OF 1:1,000,000, pg. 359*Appendix B. INDEX MAP OF THE MOON, pg. 361*References, pg. 365*Index, pg. 386

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Book SynopsisMud-mounds are build-ups of biogenic carbonate sediment and are economically important as hosts of lead-zinc mineralization as well as oil and gas deposits. This book investigates the structure, origin and evolution of carbonate mud-mounds. It reviews the different mechanisms, principally microbial and detrital, of mud-mound formation.Table of ContentsIntroduction and Overviews. A review of the origin and evolution of carbonate mud-mounds. The rise and nature of carbonate mud-mounds: an introductory actualistic approach. The origin, biota and evolution of deep-water mud-mounds. Palaeozoic Mud-Mounds. Shallow water stromatactis mud-mounds on a middle Ordovician foreland basin platform, western Newfoundland. Silurian microbial build-ups of the Canadian Arctic. The environmental setting of Early Carboniferous mud-mounds. Waulsortian banks. Carbonate mud-mounds in the Fort Payne Formation (lower Carboniferous), Cumberland Saddle region, Kentucky and Tennessee, USA. Late Dinantian (Brigantian) carbonate mud-mounds of the Derbyshire carbonate platform. Mesozoic Mud-Mounds. Mud-mounds with reefal caps in the upper Muschelkalk (Triassic), eastern Spain. Initiation and development of small-scale sponge mud-mounds, Late Jurassic, Southern Franconian Alb, Germany. Albian carbonate mounds: comparative study in the context of sea-level variations (Soba, northern Spain). Nature and origin of late Cretaceous mud-mounds, North Africa. Sedimentation, diagenesis and syntectonic erosion of Upper Cretaceous rudist mounds in central Tunisia. Cenozoic Mud-Mounds. An Eocene biodetrital mud-mound from the southern Pyrenean foreland basin, Spain: an ancient analogue for Florida Bay mounds?. Origin and growth of carbonate banks in south Florida. Anatomy of a Recent biodetrital mud-mound, Florida Bay, USA. Growth and burrow-transformation of carbonate banks: comparison of modern skeletal banks of south Florida and Pennsylvanian phylloid banks of south-eastern Kansas, USA. Index

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Book SynopsisTuzo is the never-before-told story of one of Canada's most influential scientists and the discovery of plate tectonics, a pivotal development that forever altered how we think of our planet.Trade Review"This book presents a long overdue appreciation of the geologist J. Tuzo Wilson and his profound contributions to the development of our understanding of plate tectonics…The book is very well written, delightful to read and superbly illustrated." -- Andrew Hynes, McGill University * Geoscience Canada *"In accessible language, Eyles provides an outstanding biography of John Tuzo Wilson, the geophysicist responsible for clarifying today's understanding of continent movement." -- L.T. Spencer, Plymouth State University * CHOICE *“In accessible language, Eyles provides an outstanding biography of John Tuzo Wilson, the geophysicist responsible for clarifying today's understanding of continent movement…Readers unfamiliar with the plate tectonics controversy will find this book extremely informative. Knowledgeable readers will enjoy the nuanced overview of Tuzo's contributions to the present knowledge of plate tectonics and continental drift.” -- L.T. Spencer, emeritus, Plymouth State University * CHOICE *“For me, it was a gripping page-turner and an unforgettable account of a scientific revolution occurring in my lifetime … A must‐read for geographers or indeed, for anyone interested in the history of earth science and paradigmatic change.” -- Ian MacLachlan, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School * Canadian Geographies *Table of ContentsPrologue: The Day the Earth Moved 1. In the Beginning 2. Continents Adrift? 3. Sources of Friction 4. Permanentist Foundations 5. Tuzo’s War 6. A Geologist in a Strange Land 7. Seismic Shift 8. The New World of Plate Tectonics 9. An Unlikely Revolutionary Appendix I: Medals and Awards Appendix II: Select Primary Sources Appendix III: The Geological Timescale Index

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Book SynopsisMany people appreciate the stunning vistas of the Great Basin desert; understanding the region’s geological past can provide a deeper way to know and admire this landscape. In The Great Basin Seafloor, Frank DeCourten immerses readers in a time when the Basin was covered by a vast ocean in which volcanoes exploded and sea life flourished. Written for a nontechnical audience, this book interprets the rock record left by more than 500 million years of oceanic activity, when mud and sand accumulated and solidified to produce today’s Great Basin across parts of modern Utah, Nevada, and California. DeCourten deciphers clues within exposed slopes and canyons to reconstruct the vanished seafloor and its volcanic events and examines fossils to reveal once-thriving ancient marine communities. Supplemental material is available online to serve as a field guide for readers wishing to explore this ancient ocean themselves as they travel through the region.

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Book SynopsisRifted margins mark the transition between continents and oceans, which are the two first-order types of land masses on Earth. Rifted margins contribute to our understanding of lithospheric extensional processes and are studied by various disciplines of Earth Science (geology, geophysics, geochemistry). Thanks to better and wider public access to high-quality data, our understanding in these areas has improved significantly over these last two decades.This book summarizes this knowledge evolution and details where we stand today, with a series of case examples included. It is structured in a practical way, with concise text descriptions and comprehensive diagrams. Continental Rifted Margins 1 is a useful resource for students and newcomers to the rifted margin community - a "cookbook" of sorts to facilitate the reading of scientific publications and provide basic definitions and explanations.Table of ContentsPart 1. Rifting and Rifted Margins: Definitions.1. What is Rifting? Introduction and Basic Definitions, Gwenn Peron-Pinvidic.2. What is a Rifted Margin? From the Early Models to Modern Views and Future Challenges, Gwenn Peron-Pinvidic.Part 2. How Do We Study Rifted Margins?3. How Can We Identify and Study Remnants of Rifted Margins in Orogens?, Geoffroy Mohn, Julie Tugend Benoît Petri, Anders McCarthy and Dominique Frizon de Lamotte.4. What Can We Learn from Marine Geophysics to Study Rifted Margins?, Julia Atin and Louise Watremez.5. Numerical Modeling of Rifting: An Overview, Marta Pérez-Gussinyé and Zhonglan Liu.6. Analogue Modeling of Continental Rifting: An Overview, Frank Zwaan and Guido Schreurs.

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Book SynopsisRifted margins mark the transition between continents and oceans, which are the two first-order types of land masses on Earth. Rifted margins contribute to our understanding of lithospheric extensional processes and are studied by various disciplines of Earth Science (geology, geophysics, geochemistry).Thanks to better and wider public access to high-quality data, our understanding in these areas has improved significantly over these last two decades. This book summarizes this knowledge evolution and details where we stand today, with a series of case examples included. It is structured in a practical way, with concise text descriptions and comprehensive diagrams. Continental Rifted Margins 2 is a useful resource for students and newcomers to the rifted margin community – a "cookbook” of sorts to facilitate the reading of scientific publications and provide basic definitions and explanations.Table of ContentsIntroduction ixGwenn PERON-PINVIDIC Chapter 1. The West Iberian Margin: Past and Current Research Concepts and Future Challenges 1Gaël LYMER and Tim J. RESTON 1.1. Introduction: the West Iberian Margin, the "classic" magma-poor margin? 2 1.2. Structures of the West Iberian Margin 6 1.3. Synrift tectono-stratigraphy and age and evolution of extension across the West Iberian Margin 13 1.4. Current models of development of the West Iberian Margin 18 1.5. Remaining questions at the West Iberian Margin and other magma-poor margins 21 1.6. Conclusions and outlook 25 1.7. References 26 Chapter 2. Tectonic Evolution of the Mid-Norwegian Rifted Margin 35Per Terje OSMUNDSEN and Gwenn PERON-PINVIDIC 2.1. Introduction 36 2.2. Large-scale structure 39 2.3. Syn-rift basin configuration and evolution 51 2.4. Breakup 57 2.5. Post-rift evolution 58 2.6. Future challenges 59 2.7. Acknowledgments 60 2.8. References 60 Chapter 3. South and Equatorial Atlantic Margins 69Daniel ASLANIAN and Maryline MOULIN 3.1. Introduction 69 3.2. Geodynamics and understanding passive margins genesis 76 3.3. Crustal structures in the South Atlantic and equatorial margins 79 3.4. Conclusion 84 3.5. References 87 Chapter 4. The Continental Margins of the Gulf of Aden 93Sylvie LEROY and Chloé NONN 4.1. Introduction 93 4.2. Geological and geodynamic context and heritage 94 4.3. Continental rifting timing, initiation and depositional environments 96 4.4. Structure of the conjugate margins 98 4.5. Ocean-continent transition (OCT) and the birth of an oceanic ridge 102 4.6. Opening of the Gulf of Aden 103 4.7. References 104 Chapter 5. The South China Sea -- Rifting and the Evolution of a Marginal Basin 107Manuel PUBELLIER, Sung-Ping CHANG and Matthias DELESCLUSE 5.1. Introduction 108 5.2. Geodynamic setting and particularities 109 5.3. Propagators and implications on the rifting and the timing of breakup 113 5.4. A wide rift with boudinage crust resulting from contrasted crustal rheologies 116 5.5. Impact of the subduction and collision of the neighboring basin 118 5.6. Post rifting evolution; uplift of margins and delayed subsidence of the basin 121 5.7. Conclusion 122 5.8. Acknowledgments 123 5.9. References 124 Chapter 6. Arctic Continental Margins 133Carmen GAINA 6.1. Introduction 133 6.2. Passive continental margins in the Arctic 134 6.3. Discussion and concluding remarks 141 6.4. References 145 Chapter 7. Alpine Tethys Margins 149Gianreto MANATSCHAL and Pauline CHENIN 7.1. Background and historical overview 149 7.2. From dispersed outcrops to the 2D architecture of the Alpine Tethys rift system 157 7.3. Evolution of the Alpine Tethys rift system 165 7.4. Continuous deformation vs. succession of distinct deformation phases 168 7.5. Three-dimensional aspect of the Alpine Tethys rift system 169 7.6. The Alpine Tethys remnants in the Alps: a laboratory to investigate and calibrate rift systems 171 7.7. References 173 Chapter 8. A Fossil Magma-rich Rifted Margin in the Scandinavian Caledonides 185Johannes JAKOB, Hans Jørgen KJØLL and Torgeir Bjørge ANDERSEN 8.1. Introduction 186 8.2. Opening of the Iapetus Ocean and formation of the Central Iapetus Magmatic Province 187 8.3. Discussion 193 8.4. Conclusion 194 8.5. Acknowledgments 195 8.6. References 195 Chapter 9. Cretaceous Rifting at the Pyrenean Iberia--Eurasia Border: Crustal Thinning under a Pre-rift Cover -- Application to Passive Margins 203Yves LAGABRIELLE 9.1. The North Pyrenean area within the Pyrenees 203 9.2. Mechanisms of crustal thinning deduced from the study of the NPZ 206 9.3. Crustal thinning at the Iberian--Eurasian plate boundary: smooth-slope basins and the legacy of Triassic paleogeography 209 9.4. Conclusion: from the Pyrenean basins to the formation mechanisms of passive continental margins 219 9.5. Acknowledgments 222 9.6. References 222 List of Authors 235 Index 237 Summary of Volume 1 239

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Book SynopsisThe updated textbook is intended to serve as an advanced and detailed treatment of the evolution of the subject of stratigraphy from its disparate beginnings as separate studies of sedimentology, lithostratigraphy, chronostratigraphy, etc., into a modern integrated discipline in which all components are necessary. There is a historical introduction, which now includes information about the timeline of the evolution of the components of modern stratigraphy. The elements of the various components (facies analysis, sequence stratigraphy, mapping methods, chronostratigraphic methods, etc.) are outlined, and a chapter discussing the modern synthesis is included near the end of the book, which closes with a discussion of future research trends in the study of time as preserved in the stratigraphic record.Table of Contents

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Book SynopsisThis book presents a significant amount of structural, paleomagnetic and magnetic fabric data in the Central High Atlas (Morocco). The authors thoroughly described and analyzed the present-day structure of this intraplate chain through 22 of cross-sections, potential field data analysis and 3D reconstruction. In addition, the authors propose a palinspastic reconstruction of the structure of the basin at 100 Ma (i.e., post-extension and pre-compression) to finally evaluate its Mesozoic and Cenozoic geodynamic evolution. This books presents (1) a unique three-dimensional model at the chain scale, (2) an analysis of the ca. 100 Ma remagnetization, to perform palinspastic restorations of most representative structures, (3) as well as the interpretation of the magnetic fabrics in order to unravel the tectonic or deformation setting that the rocks underwent in different parts of the basin. This book is of interest to structural geologists in Northern Africa, the Mediterranean and Iberia, as well as to those interested in inverted intraplate basins and paleomagnetists from around the planet. Also, this book is intended to help students to understand better the geological evolution of the Atlas and therefore Morocco and surrounding areas.Table of ContentsChapter 1. The geological setting of the Moroccan High Atlas and its plate tectonics context.Moussaid, B., El-Ouardi, H., Casas-Sainz A.M., Pocoví, A., Román-Berdiel, T., Oliva-Urcia, B., Ruiz-Martínez, V.C.1.1. INTRODUCTION1.2. GEOGRAPHICAL AND GEOLOGICAL SETTING1.3. THE HIGH ATLAS IN ITS GEOLOGICAL CONTEXT: SURROUNDING GEOLOGICALUNITS1.3.1. The Sahara domain1.3.2. The Anti-Atlas1.3.3. The Meseta domain1.3.4. The Rif Chain1.4. GEOLOGICAL FRAME OF THE MOROCCAN HIGH ATLAS1.4.1. The Atlantic High Atlas1.4.2. The Marrakech High Atlas1.4.3. The Central High Atlas (CHA)1.4.4. The Eastern High Atlas1.5. GEODYNAMIC FRAME OF THE HIGH ATLAS AND EVOLUTION OF THE APWP1.6. IMPLICATIONS OF THE MAIN GEODYNAMIC EVENTS IN NORTH AFRICA IN ATLASICGEOLOGY1.6.1. Permian-Triassic stage1.6.2. First rifting event: Late Triassic to Early Jurassic1.6.3. Second rifting event: Late Liassic to Early Dogger (180Ma)1.6.4. Bajocian-Late Jurassic stage1.6.5. Early Cretaceous1.6.6. Late Cretaceous-Cenozoic inversion1.7. MAGMATIC EVENTS / HYDROTHERMALISM AND MINERALIZATION1.7.1. Triassic: the CAMP event1.7.2. Jurassic – Cretaceous event1.7.3. Cenozoic event1.7.4. Hydrothermalism and mineralization1.8. STRATIGRAPHIC FRAME OF THE CENTRAL HIGH ATLAS1.8.1. Triassic1.8.2. Jurassic1.8.3. Upper Jurassic-Lower Cretaceous1.8.4. Lower Cretaceous1.8.5. Post-Turonian Cretaceous deposits1.8.6. Cenozoic deposits1.9. STRUCTURING OF THE MOROCCAN HIGH ATLAS1.9.1. Extensional structures1.9.2. Post-basinal, pre-inversion tectonic structures1.9.3. Alpine compressional structures1.9.4. Crustal roots for Atlasic structures: the geophysical background1.9.5. Recent evolution of the Atlas belt: topographic featuresREFERENCESFIGURE CAPTIONSChapter 2. Structure of the Central High Atlas (Morocco). Constraints from potential field dataand 3D models.Casas-Sainz, A.M., Santolaria, P., Mochales, T., Pocoví, A., Izquierdo, E., El-Ouardi, H., Moussaid, B.,Manar, A., Ruiz-Martínez, V.C., Marcén, M., Torres-López, S., Gil-Imaz, A., Román-Berdiel, T., Oliva-Urcia, B., Calvín, P.2.1. MAIN STRUCTURAL FEATURES2.1.1. Southern Atlas fold-and-thrust belt (Zone 1)1. Toundoute nappe (Amejgag syncline-Tisguine syncline)2. Skoura culmination: basement thrusts associated with the Toundoute nappe (Asaka Kantoulathrust and others3. Boumalne-Dadès structures4. Central thrust system (Aït Ourena-Tamayoust-Jbel Aderbat-Jbel Badoust)5. Tadighoust anticline6. Amellago recumbent fold system7. Jbel Hamdoun thrust and related structures2.1.2. Northern Atlas thrust system (Zone 2)8. West of the Middle Atlas intersection9. East of the Middle Atlas intersection2.1.3. Western sector: the large interference synclines and basement-involved folds (Demnate area,Zone 3)10. Aït-Attab syncline11. Guettioua syncline12. Iouaridène, Tizgui and Tifni synclines (and intervening anticlines)13. Jbel Til syncline14. Jbel Rat syncline15. Amezri syncline2.1.4. Central sector (1): thrusts and diapiric anticlines (La Cathédrale area, Zone 4)16. Ouaouizaght syncline17. Taguelft syncline18. M’Goun anticline (Tameksout-Timoutiguine-Aït Baha-Toumliline)19. Wagoulzat anticline20. Tabant syncline21. Jbel Azourki anticline and Zawyat Ahansal zone22. Jbel Tilicha anticline23. Jbel Tabaghast thrust24. La Cathédrale thrust25. Aït-Mazigh anticline and western prolongation of La Cathédrale thrust26. Talmest-Tazoult anticline27. Tiffouine-Tagertetouch monocline28. Talmest interference structure29. Addendoum anticline30. Tilouguit monocline2.1.5. Central sector (2): thrusts, anticlines and diapirs (Imilchil area, Zone 5)31. Tizi’n’Isly syncline and thrust32. Chekret anticline and Ikassene syncline33. Tasraft anticline34. Anergui diapir35. Tassent anticline36. Lacs syncline37. Ikkou anticline38. Tissila anticline and Ikkou syncline39. Tadaghmamt anticline40. Timedouine diapir41. Moussa diapir42. Isselfène diapir and Taltfraout anticline/diapir43. Msmrir diapir and syncline44. Toumliline anticline and diapir45. Platform (cleavage-domain) area between Timedouine and Toumliline2.1.6. Eastern sector (1): cleavage-related linear structures (Tounfite area, Zone 6)46. Jbel Amalou anticline47. Tounfite syncline48. Jbel Masker anticline49. Tirrhist gabbro and associated structures50. Almou syncline51. Jbel Adderdoum thrust52. Taribante syncline53. Jbel Tazreft thrust54. Ameksou anticline55. Assoul syncline56. Jbel Baddou thrust2.1.7. Eastern sector (2): vergence-switching ridges (Midelt-Rich area, Ziz river, Zone 7)57. Jbel Aouja (and Aït Arouz) anticline58. Sidi Hamza anticline59. Foum Tilich thrust60. Kerrando syncline61. Bou Hamid anticline/thrust62. Gourrama syncline63. Foum Zabel anticline/thrust64. Aghbarou syncline2.2. SERIATED CROSS SECTIONS2.3. INPUT FROM MODELING OF POTENTIAL FIELD DATA2.3.1. Petrophysical properties2.3.1.1 Magnetic susceptibility and density2.3.1.2 Magnetic remanence and Koenigsberger ratio2.3.2 Magnetic maps processing2.3.2.1. Reduction to Pole and Reduction to Equator2.3.2.2. Filtering: Derivatives constraints2.3.2.3. 2.5D modelling of magnetic and gravimetric anomalies2.3.3. Results2.3.3.1. Interpretation of the corrected magnetic field map of IGRF (ICMT), Reduced to Pole(ICMTRTP) and Reduced to Equator (ICMTRTE)2.3.3.2. Interpretation of the Vertical and horizontal Derivatives2.3.3.3. Bouguer anomaly2.3.4. The geophysical anomalies in their relation to geological features and evolution2.3.5. 2.5D modelling. Configuration and interpretation of magnetic and gravimetric models2.3.5.1. Profile 2, Tagoudite2.3.5.2. Profile 8, Anergui E2.3.5.3. Profile 12, Ouaouitzaght2.4. CONTRIBUTIONS OF 3-D RECONSTRUCTIONS TO THE GEOMETRY OF THE CENTRALHIGH ATLAS2.4.1. Methods and workflow2.4.1.1 Defining the model area and resolution2.4.1.2. Modelled stratigraphic pile2.4.1.3. Input data and data compilation in a 3D environment2.4.1.4. Verifying cross-sections in a 3D environment2.4.1.5. Computing the model1. Major bounding thrust2. Faults3. Diapirs4. Diapir-fault systems5. Compiling structural surfaces6. Stratigraphic horizons2.4.2. 3D structural model of the Central High Atlas2.4.2.1. Southern Atlas fold-and-thrust belt (Zone 1)2.4.2.2. Northern Atlas thrust system (Zone 2)2.4.2.3. Western sector: the large interference synclines and basement-involved folds (Demnatearea, Zone 3)2.4.2.4. Central sector (1): thrusts and diapiric anticlines (La Cathédrale area, Zone 4)2.4.2.5. Central sector (2): thrusts, anticlines and diapirs (Imilchil area, Zone 5)2.4.2.6. Eastern sector (1): cleavage-related linear structures (Tounfite area, Zone 6)2.4.2.7. Eastern sector (2): vergence-switching ridges (Midelt-Rich area, Ziz river, Zone 7)2.4.3. Potential and limitations of the 3D modelREFERENCESFIGURE CAPTIONSChapter 3. Magnetic properties of the remagnetized carbonates of the Central High Atlas(Morocco).Calvín, P., Bógalo, M.F., Villalaín, J.J., Román-Berdiel, T., Falcón, I., Torres-López, S., Mochales, T.,Herrejón, A.3.1 METHODOLOGY3.2 GENERAL MAGNETIC FRACTION IN THE ATLASIC ROCKS3.2.1. Carbonates3.2.2. Red beds3.3 MAGNETIC PROPERTIES OF MAGNETITE-BEARING REMAGNETIZED CARBONATES3.3.1. SP versus SSD grain size3.3.2. ARM vs IRM experiment3.3.3. Coercivity spectra3.3.4 Discussion and summary3.4 CARRIERS OF THE MAGNETIC SUSCEPTIBILITY3.4.1. Magnetic susceptibility of carbonates3.4.2. Magnetic susceptibility of red-bedsREFERENCESFIGURE CAPTIONSChapter 4. Paleomagnetism of the Central High Atlas. The widespread CretaceousRemagnetization and structural implications.Villalaín, J.J., Calvín, P., Falcón, I., Torres-López, S., Bógalo, M.F., Moussaid, B., Ruiz-Martínez, V.C.,Sánchez, E.4.1. MATERIALS, SAMPLING STRATEGY AND METHODS4.2. NATURAL REMANENT MAGNETIZATION OF MESOZOIC HIGH ATLAS ROCKS4.3. DIRECTIONAL ANALYSIS OF THE CHARACTERISTIC REMANENT MAGNETIZATION4.4. AGE OF THE HIGH ATLAS REMAGNETIZATION4.5. SPREADING OF THE HIGH ATLAS REMAGNETIZATION4.6. RESTORATION OF THE PALEOMAGNETIC DIRECTIONS. PALEO-DIPS AT THEREMAGNETIZATION TIME (100 Ma)4.7. CONCLUSIONSREFERENCESFIGURE CAPTIONSChapter 5. Geodynamic evolution during the Mesozoic and Cenozoic in the Central High Atlas ofMorocco from Anisotropy of Magnetic SusceptibilityRomán-Berdiel, T., Oliva-Urcia, B., Casas-Sainz, A., Calvín, P., Moussaid, B., Soto, R., Marcén, M., ElOuardi, H., Pocoví, A., Gil-Imaz, A.5.1. SAMPLING AND METHODOLOGY5.2. MAGNETIC FABRIC (RT-AMS) RESULTS5.2.1. Global RT-AMS results5.2.2. RT-AMS by zones and types5.3. MAGNETIC SUBFABRICS (LT-AMS AND AARM) AND PETROFABRICS5.3.1. Scalar parameters5.3.2. Orientation distribution of grains, the information of the magnetic subfabrics (LT-, RT-AMSand AARM)5.3.3. Comparison with petrofabrics5.4. STRUCTURAL INTERPRETATION OF THE MAGNETIC FABRICS / TECTONICIMPLICATIONS OF THE MAGNETIC FABRIC ORIENTATION5.4.1. Strain characterization from magnetic fabrics in the Central High Atlas5.4.2. Timing of acquisition of AMS: Information derived from magnetic subfabrics separation5.5. CONCLUSIONSREFERENCESFIGURE CAPTIONSChapter 6. Kinematics of structures and basin evolution in the Central High Atlas. Constraintsfrom AMS and paleomagnetic dataCasas-Sainz, A., Villalaín, J.J., Román-Berdiel, T., Calvín, P., Marcén, M., Izquierdo, E., Santolaria, P.,Pocoví, A., Mochales, T., Oliva-Urcia, B., El-Ouardi, H., Moussaid, B.6.1. PALEODIPS AND FOLD TEST. RESULTS AND LIMITATIONS6.2. ORIGIN OF INDIVIDUAL STRUCTURES ACCORDING TO PALEOMAGNETISM ANDMAGNETIC FABRIC DATA.6.3. RESTORED CROSS SECTION6.4. SIGNIFICANCE AND MEANING OF MAJOR STRUCTURES IN THE CENTRAL HIGHATLAS FROM THE PERSPECTIVES OF MAGNETIC TECHNICS6.4.1. Deformation of the Paleozoic basement6.4.2. The asymmetry of the chain: compressional features of the southern Atlas fold-and-thrust-belt6.4.3. Compressional features of the northern belt6.4.4. Diapirism, magmatism and thrusting in the Central High Atlas6.4.5. Geophysical constraints to large-scale structural features6.4.6. Internal deformation: the cleavage domain6.4.7. Geometry of the overall extension and inversion of the Atlasic basin6.5. CONCLUSIONS. THE CONTRIBUTION OF MAGNETIC TECHNIQUES TO THEEVOLUTION OF THE CENTRAL HIGH ATLAS6.5.1. Paleomagnetism and AMS applied to the study of the CHA6.5.2. The intermediate stage in basin evolution6.5.3. Basin geometry: transtension vs. salt tectonics?6.5.4. Final considerations: comparison with other basins of the Thetys domain6.5.5. Concluding remarksREFERENCESFIGURE CAPTIONS

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Book SynopsisWater is an important element for life on the earth. It is an essential natural resource for environmental sustenance. In India, water quality modeling studies are carried out from fresh water to marine water ecosystems. Some of the examples are Tehri reservoir, Chilka lake, Oatcake at Kashmir, Kodaikanal lake, Ooty lake at Tamil Nadu, rivers like Ganges, Narmada, Kaveri, and coastal regions like Hoogly estuary, Paradip, Vishakhapatnam, Kakinada, Chennai, Mangalore coast, Konkan coast and Gujarat coast. Water quality modeling plays a vital role in water quality studies. Numerical models are to be successfully calibrated and properly applied and it is to be improved our understanding of the complex interactions among different parameters such as temperature, biological oxygen demand, dissolved oxygen, salinity, and eutrophication in the fresh water and sea water environment.Table of Contents1. Introduction 2. Water Quality Modeling: Basics 3. Modeling: Processes and Development 4. Modeling: Applications 5. Modeling: Methodologies 6. Modeling: Rivers and Streams 7. Modeling: Coastal and Estuaries 8. Modeling: Lakes and Reservoirs 9. Modeling: Oceans and seas 10. Water Quality Modeling: BOD and DO 11. Salinity and Temperature Modeling 12. Nitrogen and Phosphorus Modeling 13. Eutrophication Modeling 14. Oil Spill Modeling 15. Tsunami Modeling 16. Littoral Drift modeling 17. An Ecohydrology Model 18. Commercially Available Models

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Book SynopsisMoving away from his earlier belief in a short, catastrophic history of the Earth, this volume shows how Buckland envisages instead progressive change as the Earth gradually cooled as it was prepared for human occupation. Extinct creatures did not die out because they were poorly designed; God loved the dinosaurs and had adapted them to their various circumstances.Table of ContentsVOLUME I: I. Extent of the Province of Geology II. Consistency of Geological Discoveries with Sacred History III. Proper subjects of Geological Inquiry IV. Relation of Unstratified to Stratified Rocks V. Volcanic Rocks, Basalt, and Trap VI. Primary stratified Rocks VII. Strata of the Transition Series VIII. Strata of the Secondary IX. Strata of the Tertiary Series X. Relations of the Earth and its Inhabitants to Man XI. Supposed cases of Fossil Human Bones XII. General History of Fossil Organic Remains XIII. Aggregate of Animal Enjoyment increased, and that of Pain diminished by the existence of Carnivorous IX Strata of the Secondary Series X. Relations of the Earth and its Inhabitants to Man XI. Supposed cases of Fossil Human Bones XII. General History of Fossil Organic Remains XIII. Aggregate of Animal Enjoyment increased, and that of Pain diminished by the existence of Carnivorous Races XIV. Proofs of Design in the Structure of Fossil Vertebrated Animals CHAP. XV. Proofs of Design in the Fossil Remains of Mollusks CHAP. XVI. Proofs of Design in the Structure of Fossil Articulated Animals XVII. Proofs of Design in the Structure of Fossil Radiated Animals, or Zoophytes CHAP. XVIII. Proofs of Design in the Structure of Fossil Vegetables

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a huge range and FREE tracked UK delivery on ALL orders.

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Book SynopsisSir Harry Godwin has written a companion volume to his widely acclaimed Fenland: its ancient past and uncertain future. He follows the same historical approach that made Fenland so interesting. Vast rain-fed peat bogs still cover the landscape of northern and western Britain, their ecology, vegetation and flora unfamiliar to most of our population. Yet, through the millennia since last Ice Age, they have accumulated ever-deepening acidic peat, whose plant remains are a precious archive of the events of the past. Upon investigation, the reconstructed bog vegetation gave clues to former climatic history, pollen analysis provided a chronological scale dependent upon changes in upland forest composition and archaeological objects from the Mesolithic to the Roman period were recovered by peat-diggers from observed horizons in the bogs. The Archives of Peat Bogs will be of great interest to a wide readership comprising both amateur and professional biologists, geologists, geographers, archaeTable of ContentsAcknowledgements; 1. Introduction: Quaternary research and mires; 2. Living raised bog; 3. Raised bog stratigraphy: first steps; 4. Blanket bog; 5. Plants of the bogs: Sphagnum; 6. Plants of the bogs: sedges and such; 7. Plants of the bogs: dwarf shrubs etc.; 8. Recent peat of Somerset: a double inundation; 9. Trackways in context; 10. Geology of levels and lakes: marine transgressions and lake settlements; 11. Old peat and Neolithic culture; 12. Disforestation and agriculture; 13. Pollen zones and sea-level changes absolutely dated; 14. Climatic registration; 15. The archive appraised; References; Short glossary; Index.

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a huge range and FREE tracked UK delivery on ALL orders.

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a huge range and FREE tracked UK delivery on ALL orders.

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a huge range and FREE tracked UK delivery on ALL orders.

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a huge range and FREE tracked UK delivery on ALL orders.

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a huge range and FREE tracked UK delivery on ALL orders.

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a huge range and FREE tracked UK delivery on ALL orders.

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Lithic Technology by Jr

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Book SynopsisA valuable reference for academic researchers and graduate students in geomorphology and oceanography, this 2007 book reviews the history of geomorphological studies of the Great Barrier Reef and assesses the influences of sea-level change and oceanographic processes on the development of reefs over the last 10,000 years.Trade Review'… well written and well illustrated … a very useful contribution to the reef literature and one that should be of interest to a wide range of reef scientists and managers.' Coral Reefs'This will be a valuable source book on the GBR. The authors' thoroughness, grasps of detail and surefootedness in covering a diverse range of topics is impressive … Even though the book is strongly GBR-focussed, it still retains a general sense of critical review that was so useful in the 1982 volume, with a text often organised around key research questions.' Reef Encounter'Without doubt, this is a book of scientific quality built on several decades of first hand research experience by the authors. It is well produced and represents good value for money …deserves a place not only on the shelves of major libraries but also on those of all serious researchers, teachers and practitioners concerned with coral reef systems and wider coastal and marine environmental management.' Geoscientist'This is a valuable synthesis of data currently available on the GBR, and therefore this book is a very useful contribution to reef literature and will be of use to reef and sea-level scientists and managers.' Quaternary Science Reviews'I … recommend the book without any reservations and encourage all those interested in coral reefs the world over to buy this book.' Journal of Coastal Research'… this text is an essential … investment for anyone involved in researching or managing the GBR and could be used effectively by physical geography teachers anywhere in the world to illustrate the strengths of a modern geomorphic approach to science and environmental management.' New Zealand Geographer'Neither the authors nor the publisher could have produced a better monograph that incorporates consistently good diagrams, maps and photographs, a unique data base in tables and graphs covering every island, drill hole and reef type and a text that systematically brings together the research outputs of geoscientists working on the GBR in the last two to three decades in a coherent and synthetic manner.' Geographical Research' … we have really only scratched the surface of the limestone upon which the future of the ecological system lies. However, there could be no finer foundation than provided by this book to stimulate the scientific research, and the development of management practices necessary to make sure that there is still a magnificent reef to be seen by future generations of reef scientists, and millions more tourists.' AreaTable of ContentsPreface; Acknowledgements; 1. Geomorphology of the Great Barrier Reef; 2. Foundations of the Great Barrier Reef; 3. Sea-level: a primary control of long-term reef growth and geomorphological development; 4. Oceanography, hydrodynamics, climate and water quality as influences on reef geomorphological processes; 5. Spatial analysis of the reefs and islands of the Great Barrier Reef; 6. The non-reefal areas of the Continental Shelf; 7. Fringing and nearshore coral reefs; 8. The mid-shelf reefs of the Great Barrier Reef; 9. The coral reefs of the outer shelf of the Great Barrier Reef; 10. Reef islands of the Great Barrier Reef; 11. The accumulation of the Holocene veneer to the Great Barrier Reef; 12. The Holocene evolution of the Great Barrier Reef province; 13. Geomorphology's contribution to the understanding and resolution of environmental problems of the Great Barrier Reef; References; Index.

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Book SynopsisWhat happens when a distant colonial power tries to tame an unfamiliar terrain in the world's largest tidal delta? This history, which spans from 1760 to 1920, demonstrates how colonial property law and hydraulic engineering transformed the ecology of the Bengal delta to drain Calcutta.Trade Review'Debjani Bhattacharyya resurrects Calcutta's forgotten watery origins to recuperate an entirely riveting account of the city and its real estate market. The book shows how the fictitious capital of property value relies on an enduring amnesia about the intractable and transient texture of ecological landscapes. Deeply researched and brilliantly conceived, it offers a path-breaking account of the urban ecological crisis and its uncertain future.' Bhavani Raman, University of Toronto'In this fascinating study of the emergence of the metropolis of Calcutta out of the swampy landscape of the Bengal delta, Bhattacharyya shows how the production of a modern urban property regime entailed a forgotten transformation of the very earth upon which it was constructed.' Andrew Sartori, New York University'Empire and Ecology has immense potential to shape conversations across a range of disciplinary and interdisciplinary concerns. … This is a book to keep ready to hand on shelves and to place prominently on syllabi.' Jeremy J. Schmidt, Environmental Values'Empire and Ecology in the Bengal Delta is path-breaking and makes a compelling case for drawing urban studies in South Asia into the deepening folds of environmental history. This is an original effort that brims with theoretical insights and helps us recover ways for 'remembering' contemporary Kolkata's many entanglements with the Bengal delta's soaking ecology.' Rohan D'Souza, H-Water'In her innovative new book, Empire and Ecology in the Bengal Delta, Debjani Bhattacharyya, a professor of history at Drexel University, describes how Bengalis had their own story about Calcutta's origins. 'Legend has it that the city was born when the ocean started churning, and a tortoise', pressed between the mountains and the force of Ananta, the infinite, 'gasped out a deep breath'. Its breath made the Bengal Delta, a vast 40,000 square mile area where the Ganges and Brahmaputra rivers seep into the Bay of Bengal. This legend … carries an element of truth: Calcutta rests on shifting ground. It should be no surprise that its fortunes have shifted too.' Maya Jasanoff, The New York Review of Books'Beyond its clear importance to scholars of rivers, swamps, bogs, and other aqueous spaces and waterscapes, Empire and Ecology is brilliant and foundational reading for historians of environment, law, and empire in global contexts.' Benjamin Siegel, Environmental History'… Debjani Bhattacharyya's innovative, ecologically minded study takes the mobile character of the Bengal Delta as its central dynamic and aligns this with an unfolding narrative of land, law and profit … Bhattacharyya builds an effective lineage for modern India's 'technologies of property' and makes a case for Calcutta that is both unique and yet highly relevant to imperilled deltas and endangered wetlands around the globe.' David Arnold, The English Historical ReviewTable of ContentsIntroduction. Almanac of a tidal basin; Part I. Environmental Consolidations: 1. Power and silt; 2. Drying a delta; Part II. Legal Maneuvers: 3. Notarizing possessions; 4. Commerce in land; Part III. Un-real Estate: 5. Speculative properties; Conclusion: disappearing coastlines.

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Book SynopsisThe landscape of southwestern Wyoming around the ghost town of Fossil is beautiful but harsh. But during the early Eocene, more than fifty million years ago, it was a subtropical lake, surrounded by volcanoes and forests and teeming with life. Lavishly produced in full color, this title opens a window onto our planet's long-lost past.Trade Review"Lance Grande's book is a tour de force celebrating the scientific value, historical background, biodiversity, and sheer beauty of the exquisitely preserved fossils from the Fossil Butte localities in Wyoming. Elegantly written with lucid prose and enjoyable stories about the human culture of fossil collecting, it is an unforgettable, must-have biography of one the world's most significant fossil sites." -John Long, author of The Dawn of the Deed"

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Book SynopsisThis book provides a new look at the climatic history of the last 2. 6 million years during the ice age, a time of extreme climatic fluctuations that have not yet ended.Trade Review"I can thoroughly recommend this book, which clearly meets the back-cover claim to be ideal for under- and post-graduates studying the Quaternary, and for researchers in climate and environmental change as well as geology." (Proceedings of the Open University Geological Society Apr-2017)Table of ContentsAbout the Authors vii Preface ix Acknowledgements xi About the companion website xiii 1. Introduction 3 1.1 In the Beginning was the Great Flood 4 1.2 The Ice Ages of the Earth 14 1.3 Causes of an Ice Age 18 2. The Course of the Ice Age 27 2.1 When did the Quaternary Period Begin? 27 2.2 What’s in Stratigraphy? 33 2.3 Traces in the Deep Sea 35 2.4 Systematics of the Ice Age 43 2.5 Günz, Mindel, Riss and Würm: Do They Still Apply? 46 2.6 Northern Germany and Adjacent Areas 58 2.7 The British Pleistocene Succession 76 2.8 Quaternary History of North America 86 2.9 The Course of the Ice Ages: A Global View 100 3. Ice and Water 107 3.1 The Origin of Glaciers 107 3.2 Recent Glaciers: Small and Large 113 3.3 Dynamics of Ice Sheets 121 3.4 Meltwater 129 4. Till and Moraines: The Traces of Glaciers 137 4.1 Till 137 4.2 Moraines 172 5. Meltwater: From Moulins to the Urstromtal 191 5.1 Fjords, Channels and Eskers 191 5.2 Outwash Plains and Gravel Terraces 202 5.3 Ice-dammed Lakes 207 5.4 Kames: Deposits at the Ice Margin 213 5.5 Urstromtäler 220 6. Maps: Where Are We? 227 6.1 Digital Maps 229 6.2 Satellite Images: Basic Data for Ice-Age Research 236 6.3 Projections and Ellipsoids 240 7. Extent of the Glaciers 243 7.1 Exploring the Arctic by Airship 243 7.2 Glaciers in the Barents Sea 244 7.3 Isostasy and Eustasy 246 7.4 Ice in Siberia? 252 7.5 Asia: The Mystery of Tibet 258 7.6 South America: Volcanoes and Glaciers 265 7.7 Mediterranean Glaciations 269 7.8 Were Africa, Australia and Oceania Glaciated? 272 7.9 Antarctica: Eternal Ice? 273 8. Ice in the Ground: The Periglacial Areas 277 8.1 Definition and Distribution 277 8.2 Extent of Frozen Ground during the Pleistocene 281 8.3 Frost Weathering 283 8.4 Cryoplanation 286 8.5 Rock Glaciers: Glaciers (Almost) Without Ice 288 8.6 Involutions 291 8.7 Solifluction 294 8.8 Periglacial Soil Stripes 296 8.9 Frost Cracks and Ice Wedges 297 8.10 Pingos, Palsas and other Frost Phenomena 301 9. Hippos in the Thames: The Warm Stages 311 9.1 Tar Pits of Evidence 311 9.2 Development of Fauna 312 9.3 Development of Vegetation 316 9.4 Weathering and Soil Formation 324 9.5 Water in the Desert: The Shifting of Climate Zones 336 9.6 Changes in the Rainforest 345 10. The Course of Deglaciation 349 10.1 Contribution to Landforms 349 10.2 Ice Decay 350 10.3 The Origin of Kettle Holes 354 10.4 Pressure Release 357 10.5 A Sudden Transition? 359 10.6 The Little Ice Age 363 11. Wind, Sand and Stones: Aeolian Processes 369 11.1 Dunes 369 11.2 Aeolian Sand 378 11.3 Loess 378 12. What Happened to the Rivers? 383 12.1 River Processes and Landforms 383 12.2 Dry Valleys 386 12.3 The Rhine: Influences of Alpine and Nordic Ice 387 12.4 The Elbe: Once Flowed to the Baltic Sea 396 12.5 The Thames: Influence of British Ice 400 13. North and Baltic Seas during the Ice Age 405 13.1 Development of the North Sea 406 13.2 Development of the Baltic Sea 414 14. Climate Models and Reconstructions 427 14.1 Ice Cores 427 14.2 The Marine Circulation 429 14.3 Modelling the Last Ice Sheets 431 14.4 Modelling Glaciers and Climate 442 15. Human Interference 447 15.1 Out of Africa: Humans Spread Out 448 15.2 Neanderthals and Homo sapiens 452 15.3 The Middle Stone Age 452 15.4 The Neolithic Period: The Beginning of Agriculture 453 15.5 Bronze and Iron 454 15.6 The Romans 455 15.7 Middle Ages 457 15.8 Recent Land Grab 457 15.9 Drying Lakes, Melting Glaciers and other Problems 459 15.10 The Anthropocene: Defining the Human Age? 465 References 469 Index 541

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