Health, illness or addiction: social aspects Books

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Book SynopsisThe slow violence being inflicted on our environment—through everything from carbon emissions to plastic pollution—also represents an impending public health catastrophe. Yet standard health care practices are more concerned with short-term outcomes than long-term sustainability. Every resource used to deliver medical care, from IV tubes to antibiotics to electricity, has a significant environmental impact. This raises an urgent ethical dilemma: in striving to improve the health outcomes of individual patients, are we damaging human health on a global scale? In Dying Green, award-winning educator Christine Vatovec offers an engaging study that asks us to consider the broader environmental sustainability of health care. Through a comparative analysis of the care provided to terminally ill patients in a conventional cancer ward, a palliative care unit, and an acute-care hospice facility, she shows how decisions made at a patient’s bedside govern the environmental footprint of the healthcare industry. Likewise, Dying Green offers insights on the many opportunities that exist for reducing the ecological impacts of medical practices in general, while also enhancing care for the dying in particular. By envisioning a more sustainable approach to care, this book offers a way forward that is better for both patients and the planet.Trade Review“This remarkable book covers a lot of ground, and does it with rigor, compassion, and humanity. Dying Green will get you to think not just about the greening of health care, but also about how you want to handle the eventual end of your own life–you will want to read this book.”— Bill McKibben, author of The End of Nature “Dying Green has the potential to break through the superficial “greening of hospitals” mindset and to address deeper levels of the relationship between health and sustainability. Vatovec has a strong understanding of sustainability and resources.” — Tee L. Guidotti, author of Health and Sustainability: An IntroductionTable of ContentsIntroduction 1 Focal Point: End-of-Life Medical Care 2 Medical Waste 3 Medical Supplies 4 Pharmaceuticals 5 Patients 6 Conclusions and Practical Implications Acknowledgments Appendix A A Note on Methods Appendix B A Note on Theory Appendix C Institutional Data on Materials Used at Hopewell Hospital and Baluster Hospice Notes References Index

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Book SynopsisThe slow violence being inflicted on our environment—through everything from carbon emissions to plastic pollution—also represents an impending public health catastrophe. Yet standard health care practices are more concerned with short-term outcomes than long-term sustainability. Every resource used to deliver medical care, from IV tubes to antibiotics to electricity, has a significant environmental impact. This raises an urgent ethical dilemma: in striving to improve the health outcomes of individual patients, are we damaging human health on a global scale? In Dying Green, award-winning educator Christine Vatovec offers an engaging study that asks us to consider the broader environmental sustainability of health care. Through a comparative analysis of the care provided to terminally ill patients in a conventional cancer ward, a palliative care unit, and an acute-care hospice facility, she shows how decisions made at a patient’s bedside govern the environmental footprint of the healthcare industry. Likewise, Dying Green offers insights on the many opportunities that exist for reducing the ecological impacts of medical practices in general, while also enhancing care for the dying in particular. By envisioning a more sustainable approach to care, this book offers a way forward that is better for both patients and the planet.Trade Review“This remarkable book covers a lot of ground, and does it with rigor, compassion, and humanity. Dying Green will get you to think not just about the greening of health care, but also about how you want to handle the eventual end of your own life–you will want to read this book.” -- Bill McKibben * author of The End of Nature *“Dying Green has the potential to break through the superficial “greening of hospitals” mindset and to address deeper levels of the relationship between health and sustainability. Vatovec has a strong understanding of sustainability and resources.” -- Tee L. Guidotti * author of Health and Sustainability: An Introduction *Table of Contents Introduction 1 Focal Point: End-of-Life Medical Care 2 Medical Waste 3 Medical Supplies 4 Pharmaceuticals 5 Patients 6 Conclusions and Practical Implications Acknowledgments Appendix A A Note on Methods Appendix B A Note on Theory Appendix C Institutional Data on Materials Used at Hopewell Hospital and Baluster Hospice Notes References Index

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Book SynopsisIn both local and international imaginations, Vancouver, Canada, is often celebrated as one of the world’s most beautiful, cosmopolitan, and livable cities. Simultaneously, the city continues to be ground zero for successive waves of public health emergency and intervention, including a recent and unprecedented drug overdose crisis driven by the proliferation of illicitly manufactured fentanyl and related analogs in the local drug supply. In The Best Place: Addiction, Intervention, and Living and Dying Young in Vancouver, Danya Fast explores these politics of place from the perspectives of young people who use drugs. Those who are the subject of this book were in many ways relegated to the social, spatial, and economic margins of the city. Yet, they were also often at the very center of city life and state projects, including the project of protecting life in the context of the current overdose crisis.Trade Review"Wow! A gripping ethnography of the everyday ecstatic emergency and boredom of methamphetamine, fentanyl and failed relationships that cuts short the lives of Canadian youth—often indigenous—desperately seeking community, meaning and survival. Documents the dysfunctional meshes of care/jail/gentrification/predatory narcotics markets and human betrayals that betrays their persistent universally recognizable dreams/hopes against all odds for a better futures that never arrives." -- Philippe Bourgois * author of In Search of Respect: Selling Crack in El Barrio and coauthor of Righteous Dopefiend *"The Best Place offers an analysis of Downtown Eastside Vancouver, British Columbia, a locale where young people's illicit drug use has received international attention. Fast has worked in this area for many, many years, developing long-term relationships with young drug users and health professionals. This is a collaboration that offers a model of multi-level analyses and showcases the hope of Fast's interlocutors for the future. Fast draws on their visions of possible futures, and on their critiques of current approaches, articulated with those of healthcare professionals. This is a book many have been waiting for." -- Dara Culhane * cofounder and cocurator for the Centre for Imaginative Ethnography *Table of Contents Foreword by Lenore Manderson Acknowledgments Dramatis Personae Places Introduction PART I: DREAMS OF PLACE Lee, the Best Place on Earth, 2009 Jeff, Paradise, 2009 Big-City Dreams Lula and Jeff, Paradise, 2012 Senses of Place Lee, World City, 2009 Where I’m Going, Lee, 2011 Jordan, Normal Places, 2012 Danya and Nancy, the Field, 2010 Lee, Not These Service Places, 2009 Jordan, Normal People, 2008 Frictions Danya, around Downtown, 2008 Janet and the Lost Boys, Never Never Land, 2008 Trajectories Carly and Connor, Family, 2009 Geographies Patty and Joe, Home, 2012 Part II: SOMETHING Patty, Coast Salish Territories, 2009 Vital Experimentation Shae, Lula, and Jeff, Lighthouse Shelter, 2009 Momentum Laurie and Aaron, Trafalgar Hotel, 2010 Moral Worlds Terry, Jail, 2011 Carly and Connor, Apartment, 2013 Stagnation Janet, Trafalgar Hotel, 2010 Patty and Joe, Mackenzie Hotel, 2010 Endless Business Terry, Field Office, 2012 Lee, Mackenzie Hotel, 2012 Reentering Never Never Land Jordan, Beachwood Hotel, 2013 74 Shae, Mackenzie Hotel, 2009 Disappearances Lee, Gone, 2015 PART III: LOST Patty, City of Glass, 2011 Community Care Patty and Joe, Lakeshore Hotel, 2010 Losing Everything Patty and Joe, St. Mary’s, 2012 Boredom Aaron, Northwest Apartments, 2013 (No)Exit, Shae, 2013 Flashbacks and Futures Patty, Terminal City, 2013 The Dance of Death Patty and Joe, St. Mary’s, 2013 Where We’ve Ended Up, Patty and Joe, 2013 Waiting Terry, St. Mary’s, 2014 Flights Patty and Joe, Lakeshore Hotel, 2014 PART IV: NOWHERE Patty, Saltwater City, 2017 The Will to Intervene Shane, Passages, 2017 Living on the Edge of Change Jessica, Horizons, 2018 Filling the Hours Shane, Downtown, 2017 Stalls and Dead Ends Lula, Wenonah House, 2016 Everything We Need, Carly and Connor, 2013 A Churn of Intervention Raymond, Downtown, 2017 The Colonial Present Aaron, Field Office, 2017 Living with Death Lula and Jeff, Field Office, 2017 The Broken Promise Land Janet, Johnny, Rachel, and Gordo, Camp under the Tracks, 2017 Exits, Janet, 2015 PART V: EVERYWHERE Jordan, Rain City, 2016 Laura, Field Office, 2017 Shae/Trix, Apartment, 2017 Janet, Recovery House, 2018 Exits, Janet, 2018 Terry, Psychiatric Ward, 2018 The Way Home, Terry, 2011 Laurie, Downtown, 2018 Aaron, Beachwood Hotel, 2019 Lula and Jeff, Greystone Hotel, 2019 Dom, BC Children’s Hospital, 2020 Carly and Connor, Field Office, 2018 Joe, Field Office, 2018 Patty, Everywhere, 2018 Where We’ve Ended Up, Patty and Joe, 2013 Afterword Notes References Index

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Book Synopsis Four decades have passed since reports of a mysterious “gay cancer” first appeared in US newspapers. In the ensuing years, the pandemic that would come to be called AIDS changed the world in innumerable ways. It also gave rise to one of the late twentieth century’s largest health-based empowerment movements. Scholars across diverse traditions have documented the rise of the AIDS activist movement, chronicling the impassioned echoes of protestors who took to the streets to demand “drugs into bodies.” And yet not all activism creates echoes. Included among the ranks of 1980s and 1990s-era AIDS activists were individuals whose expressions of empowerment differed markedly from those demanding open access to mainstream pharmaceutical agents. Largely forgotten today, this activist tradition was comprised of individuals who embraced unorthodox approaches for conceptualizing and treating their condition. Rejecting biomedical expertise, they shared alternative clinical paradigms, created underground networks for distributing unorthodox nostrums, and endorsed etiological models that challenged the association between HIV and AIDS. The theatre of their protests was not the streets of New York City’s Greenwich Village but rather their bodies. And their language was not the riotous chants of public demonstration but the often-invisible embrace of contrarian systems for defining and treating their disease. The Sounds of Furious Living seeks to understand the AIDS activist tradition, identifying the historical currents out of which it arose. Embracing a patient-centered, social historical lens, it traces historic shifts in popular understanding of health and perceptions of biomedicine through the nineteenth and twentieth centuries to explain the lasting appeal of unorthodox health activism into the modern era. In asking how unorthodox health activism flourished during the twentieth century’s last major pandemic, Kelly also seeks to inform our understanding of resistance to biomedical authority in the setting of the twenty-first century’s first major pandemic: COVID-19. As a deeply researched portrait of distrust and disenchantment, The Sounds of Furious Living helps explain the persistence of movements that challenge biomedicine’s authority well into a century marked by biomedical innovation, while simultaneously posing important questions regarding the meaning and metrics of patient empowerment in clinical practice.Trade Review“The Sounds of Furious Living fits within the history of 'unorthodox' medicine, but in a more nuanced and theoretical way, providing new insight into this tradition that never really went away—there is nothing like this out there now. Matthew Kelly has done an impressive job.” -- Susan Reverby * author of Co-Conspirator for Justice: The Revolutionary Life of Dr. Alan Berkman *Table of ContentsList of Acronyms Introduction: Acknowledging the Everyday Part I: The Soils of Unorthodoxy: Irregular and Alternative Medicine in U.S. History 1 Situating Unorthodox AIDS Activism within the History of Medicine in the United States 2 A Broken Model: Twentieth-Century Transformations in the Social Constructions of Health and Disease 3 A Broken Trust: The Changing Character of Health Care Part II: The Seeds of Unorthodoxy: The Emergence of Unorthodox AIDS Activism 4 Everyday Unorthodoxies and the People with AIDS Coalition (PWAC) 5 Patient, Heal Thyself: The History of Health Education AIDS Liaison (HEAL) Conclusion: Listening to and Learning from the Sounds of Furious Living Acknowledgments Notes Bibliography Index

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Book SynopsisThe first one thousand days of human life, or the period between conception and age two, is one of the most pivotal periods of human development. Optimizing nutrition during this time not only prevents childhood malnutrition but also determines future health and potential. The Politics of Potential examines early life interventions in the first one thousand days of life in South Africa, drawing on fieldwork from international conferences, government offices, health-care facilities, and the everyday lives of fifteen women and their families in Cape Town. Michelle Pentecost explores various aspects of a politics of potential, a term that underlines the first one thousand days concept and its effects on clinical care and the lives of childbearing women in South Africa. Why was the First One Thousand Days project so readily adopted by South Africa and many other countries? Pentecost not only explores this question but also discusses the science of intergenerational transmissions of health, disease, and human capital and how this constitutes new forms of intergenerational responsibility. The women who are the target of first one thousdand days interventions are cast as both vulnerable and responsible for the health of future generations, such that, despite its history, intergenerational responsibility in South Africa remains entrenched in powerfully gendered and racialized ways.Trade Review"The Politics of Potential examines a powerful new intervention that seeks to alter the future by tinkering with the present conditions of the unborn. Pentecost provides a riveting and at times dystopian account of how epigenetic interventions layer on to other global health interventions in disadvantaged communities in post-apartheid South Africa. From this laboratory of poverty, will it indeed be possible to finally break the cycle of violence and deprivation into which such communities seem locked?" -- Vinh-Kim Nguyen * author of The Republic of Therapy: Triage and Sovereignty in West Africa’s Time of AIDS *"This nuanced ethnography of South Africa’s First 1000 Days program offers brilliant insights about how global health’s long-standing obsession with maternal-child health is being reinvented under new scientific demands for epigenetic modeling and their temporal gymnastics in a place with a particularly fraught history of social injustice. Pentecost troubles the simplistic assessment of intervention success and failure by reminding readers of how recognition of a responsibility toward historic injury unveils the individualizing, situated, and justice-effacing effects of such programs." -- Vincanne Adams * editor of Metrics: What Counts in Global Health *Table of ContentsForeword by Lenore Manderson Introduction 1 The First 1000 Days: Origin Stories 2 Situated Biologies: The View from Khayelitsha 3 The Traveling Technology of Mother and Child 4 Life Between Protocols 5 Intergenerational Transmissions: The Work of Time 6 Ambivalent Kin: On Gender and Violence Conclusion: The Politics of Potential Acknowledgments Notes Bibliography Index

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Book SynopsisThis book provides a concise, interdisciplinary perspective on the emotion and practice of ‘hope'. Based on the idea that hope is a dream that we carry in different ways, the five chapters draw on the author’s original research and align it with literature on the sociology of culture and emotion, to explore the concept in relation to cultural and community practices and mental health.The climate crisis, violence, hostility, pandemics, homelessness, displacement, conflict, slavery, economic hardship and economic downturn, loneliness, anxiety, mental illness – are intensifying. There is a need for hope. There is also a need to confront hope - what is hope and what can, and cannot, be achieved by hoping. This confrontation includes distinguishing hope from wishful thinking and blind optimism. Using examples from different spheres of social life, including health, religion, music therapy, migration and social displacement, the book sets the idea of hope in context of situations of uncertainty, challenge and pain, and goes on to highlight the practical application of these ideas and outline an agenda for further research on ‘hope'. Table of Contents1. Hope – A Critical Introduction.- 2. Hope as a Form of Activity.- 3. Hope, Health and Well-being.- 4. Cultures of Hope.- 5. What Can't Hope Do?

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Book SynopsisThis book brings together scholars from across the behavioural sciences and public health to examine substance use in Sub-Saharan Africa. Divided into two parts, the first chapters examine aetiology, signs and symptoms, risk factors, impact, and psychosocial challenges relating to use of conventional drugs, among others. The second section focuses on prevention and intervention strategies to curtail substance abuse. The authors provide a research-informed, practical resource on sustainable community health concepts, procedures and practices for addressing substance use for the health and wellbeing of partner communities. The prevention and intervention strategies discussed include a comprehensive consideration of context-specific behavioural, environmental, psychosocial and cultural factors that may affect substance use. The chapters examine various aspects of use including, dependency, intoxication, and withdrawal in tobacco, alcohol, marijuana, and other substances. The book provides a research-informed, practical resource that will appeal to students and scholars of psychology, psychiatry and public health; as well as to policymakers and practitioners in the fields of addiction, development and allied health.Table of Contents1: Introduction.- 2: Addiction as a Developmental Disorder.- 3: Tobacco: A looming epidemic in sub-Saharan African countries.- 4: Smoking and Health.- 5: Alcohol use and abuse.- 6: Prevention of Substance use in special populations: a public health priority.- 7: Evidence-Based Interventions for Preventing Substance Use Disorders.- 8: Mpower in action: Implementation of the WHO Framework Convention on Tobacco Control and achievement of the 2030 Agenda.- 9: Prescription drug misuse and Prevention.- 10: Substance Use in Organizations: Antecedents, Laws and Policies, and Interventions.- 11: Efficacious Persuasive Interventions for substance abuse.-12: Conclusion.

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Book Synopsis With the development of effective antiretroviral therapies (ART) in the mid-1990s, HIV became a treatable although serious condition, and people who are adherent to HIV medications can attain normal or near-normal life expectancies. Because of the success of ART, people 50 and older now make up a majority of people with HIV in high-income countries and other places where ART is accessible. The aging of the HIV epidemic is a global trend that is also being observed in low- and middle-income countries, including countries in sub-Saharan Africa, where the greatest number of older people with HIV reside (3.7 million). While globally over half of older adults with HIV are in sub-Saharan Africa, we have little information about the circumstances, needs, and resiliencies of this population, which limits our ability to craft effective policy and programmatic responses to aging with HIV in this region. At present, our understanding of HIV and aging is dominated by information from the U.S. and Western Europe, where the epidemiology of HIV and the infrastructure to provide social care are markedly different than in sub-Saharan Africa. Aging with HIV in Sub-Saharan Africa addresses this gap in our knowledge by providing current research and perspectives on a range of health and psychosocial topics concerning these older adults from across this region. This volume provides a unique and timely overview of growing older with HIV in a sub-Saharan African context, covering such topics as epidemiology, health and functioning, and social support, as well as policy and program implications to support those growing older with HIV. There are very few published volumes that address HIV and aging, and this is the first book to consider HIV and aging in sub-Saharan Africa. Most publications in this area focus on HIV and aging in Uganda and South Africa. This volume broadens the scope with contributions from authors working in West Africa, Botswana, and Kenya. The range of topics covered here will be useful to professionals in a range of disciplines including psychology, epidemiology, gerontology, sociology, health care, public health, and social work.Table of Contents1. Foreword Mark Brennan-Ing 2. Epidemiology of HIV in the older African population F. Xavier Gómez-Olivé The HIV epidemic has been associated with a younger population, but this no longer holds true. Before effective treatment was available, AIDS mortality in sub-Saharan Africa was rising, peaking in the early 2000s. Then, with the introduction of antiretroviral therapy, life expectancy of people living with HIV increased. Their survival resulted in a higher prevalence of HIV in the over-50 population, creating a double burden of diseases, where HIV coexists with noncommunicable conditions. This double burden places extra stress on an already weak primary health system, especially in rural settings. Older people are also acquiring HIV. Prevention campaigns mainly target young people. People over 50 may therefore engage in high-risk sexual behavior that exposes them to infection, resulting in higher than expected HIV incidence. It is crucial to understand how older people perceive their risk of contracting HIV in order to institute effective preventive measures. 3. Multiple chronicities: Aging bodies, wellbeing, and chronic HIV in Eastern Africa Josien de Klerk The concept of multiple chronicities is used to argue that living with chronic HIV is not a singular experience. Building on ethnographic work in two rural settings (Tanzania) and an urban setting (Kenya), this chapter frames older people’s living with the virus as a social experience, blurring the distinction between being infected and being affected by loss and prolonged caregiving. In East African where HIV is endemic, older people’s personal and family histories with the virus shape the multiplicity of chronic HIV. The embodied experience of chronic HIV for older people is not only about how the virus behaves in the older body but also about the management of traumatic memories of caregiving and loss. HIV interplays with other chronic conditions, such as noncommunicable diseases and economic conditions. The presentation of a senior service model that acknowledges HIV as multiple chronicity exemplifies how models of HIV care could be developed in endemic contexts. 4. Comorbid conditions occurring in older adults on antiretroviral therapy (ART) in Botswana: A retrospective cross-sectional cohort study of patient data Kabo Matlho Although people over the age of 50 account for more than 20% of those living with HIV in Botswana, they are largely underrepresented in HIV research and tailored interventions. Yet the interaction of aging and HIV may involve an increased risk for and exacerbation of chronic illnesses such as tuberculosis (TB); cardiovascular, kidney, and liver diseases; diabetes; hypertension; and cancers, as well as cognitive decline. These comorbidities complicate treatment and potentially increase mortality. This study gauged the existence and magnitude of comorbidities within the aging HIV cohort in Botswana using data from patients age 35 and older who were on first-line antiretroviral therapy. The data show a higher rate of specific comorbidities in adults 50 and older compared with those age 35-49. TB was particularly prevalent in older men, and hypertension was most prevalent among older women. Multimorbidity is pronounced among those aging with HIV in Botswana. Guidelines and policies need to adapt to the changing demographics and evolving challenges. 5. Expectations of health and illness in older age through the lens of the HIV-epidemic in Uganda Joseph Mugisha & Janet Seeley We focus on how the experience of living through the HIV epidemic shapes older people’s responses to (and fears about) chronic illness and health emergencies such as the COVID-19 pandemic. Using the example of Uganda, we examine the ways in which the particular time people encountered HIV in their lives affects their understanding and perception of ill health and concerns about the risks HIV continues to pose. For example, older people who nursed their relatives through HIV-related illness prior to the availability of antiretroviral therapy (ART) continue to see HIV as a death sentence; those living with HIV and on ART, schooled in the discipline of taking their tablets daily, doubt the seriousness of conditions for which there is a curative treatment. We draw on the work of Leventhal and colleagues (2016) and concepts from the “Common-Sense Model of Self-Regulation” of how the response to information on an asymptomatic chronic condition may be shaped by people’s experience of other conditions, such as HIV. 6. Sexual behavior among older adults with HIV in sub-Saharan Africa Mark Brennan-Ing, Jennifer E. Kaufman, Kristen Porter, Catherine MacPhail, Janet Seeley, S. E. Karpiak, Francois Venter, Monica Kuteesa, Louise Geddes, & Joel Negin We have little information about sexual health among older adults with HIV (OAH) in sub-Saharan Africa, limiting our ability to mount effective secondary prevention efforts. This information is vital since adults remain sexually active well into old age and may be a vector for HIV and other sexually transmitted infections. We used data from OAH from Uganda (N=101) and South Africa (N=108) and made comparisons on sexual health and risk behaviors. Substantial proportions of OAH in both countries were sexually active, but there were significant differences in HIV disclosure and condom use. Findings suggest that secondary HIV prevention for OAH requires greater attention. Differences in sexual activity and sexual risk among OAH in South Africa and Uganda point to cultural and social influences, warranting caution against broad generalizations about OAH in sub-Saharan Africa. There is a need for tailored policy and programmatic solutions to address sexual health. 7. “Ask those who are ahead about a buffalo”: Well-being of grandparents with HIV in Uganda and South Africa Kristen Porter, Catherine MacPhail, Janet Seeley, S. E. Karpiak, Francois Venter, Monica Kuteesa, Louise Geddes, Joel Negin, & Mark Brennan-Ing Sub-Saharan Africa continues to be the region most profoundly affected by HIV/AIDS in the world. The United Nations (April 2019) reported that of 98 countries, it is most common for older adults to be living with younger children in countries of sub-Saharan Africa. Older sub-Saharan African adults are frequently involved in grandchild care, but little is known on how this impacts the grandparents’ well-being. While more is known about grandparents caring for HIV-positive grandchildren (i.e., “AIDS orphans”), the impact of caring for grandchildren on HIV-positive grandparents is nascent. This chapter draws upon a cross-sectional study of older grandparents living with HIV in Uganda and South Africa (N=209). Using a stress process framework, the role of potential stress factors (e.g., cohabitating with grandchild, comorbidities, health-related quality of life) on psychological well-being is examined. 8. Mental health in older people living with HIV in sub-Saharan Africa: A review and future research recommendations Charlotte Bernard & Nathalie de Rekeneire In sub-Saharan Africa, as elsewhere, increasing use of HIV medical services and antiretroviral therapy (ART) mean that HIV is now considered a chronic disease. With aging, people living with HIV experience not only physiological complications but also neuropsychological and social issues. Two mental health disorders are mainly observed in this population: HIV associated neurocognitive disorders (HAND) and depression. The prevalence of HAND remains high despite ART use, and the aging process may exacerbate it. Both HAND and depression negatively affect ART adherence, HIV outcomes, and quality of life. These public health issues could cause significant burden on healthcare systems and human resources, especially in sub-Saharan Africa, the world region least prepared to deal with HIV. This chapter presents a review of the current knowledge about neurocognitive impairment and depression in older people living with HIV in sub-Saharan Africa. We then propose recommendations for future research. 9. ‘The support keeps me strong’: Social support of older people living with HIV in South Africa Catherine MacPhail, Megan Mattingly, Victor Minichiello, Francois Venter, Stephen Karpiak, & Mark Brennan-Ing Much is known of the experience of older South Africans as caregivers and resources for younger generations affected by HIV, but less is known of social support experienced by those aging with HIV. This chapter presents data from qualitative interviews conducted with 15 South Africans over 50 years of age living with HIV in inner-city Johannesburg. Contrary to reports of stigma and lack of support in developed countries, the majority experienced amplified social and practical support within their families, if not outside of them, particularly from adult children. Women were additionally supported by siblings and men particularly by their spouses. Practical and physical support in daily tasks and other activities specifically associated with HIV was more commonly mentioned than emotional support. At the same time, participants noted that their own caregiving roles did not diminish. In particular, they continued to financially support extended family members, and women remained a significant source of domestic labor. 10. A comparison of social support resources among older adults with HIV in Uganda and South Africa Mark Brennan-Ing, Jennifer E. Kaufman, Kristen Porter, Catherine MacPhail, Janet Seeley, S. E. Karpiak, Francois Venter, Monica Kuteesa, Louise Geddes, & Joel Negin Research on older adults with HIV (OAH) finds they have high rates of comorbid conditions in addition to HIV, suggesting they will require increasing assistance from their informal social networks. But data are scarce on social network dynamics of OAH in sub-Saharan Africa. To address this gap, we examined social support resources among OAH from Uganda (N=101) and South Africa (N=108). There are significant differences between OAH in these two countries in the composition of their social networks, support provided, and perceptions of social support sufficiency. Despite high levels of informal support in both countries, sizable proportions felt that support from family and friends was insufficient to meet their needs. Given the significant differences between countries, research is needed to better understand the cultural/societal factors affecting social care among older adults with HIV in sub-Saharan Africa. Further, policy and program initiatives to meet unmet support needs are sorely needed. 11. Reprogramming HIV prevention and service provision for older adults Jepchirchir Kiplagat People age 50 and older represent 12% of people living with HIV (PLWH) in western Kenya, and the number is expected to rise. The situation calls for tailoring approaches to both prevention and care. To achieve the country’s goal of 80% of PLWH knowing their status, there is an urgent need to include older adults in prevention messaging and testing services. Door-to-door HIV testing and counselling would decrease travel and transportation barriers for older adults. In terms of care, it is challenging to manage HIV in addition to comorbid conditions that are common among older adults. When services are fragmented, seeking care for multiple conditions is expensive and makes adherence more difficult. In addition, both neurocognitive disorders and visual impairment affect medication adherence among older people – particularly those living alone. Meeting the needs of older adults will require transforming healthcare facilities to integrate services and sharing information between providers. 12. Policy innovations for an aging HIV epidemic in sub-Saharan AfricaRuth Finkelstein The population of older adults with HIV is approaching four million and will continue to grow in the foreseeable future. While the aging of HIV in sub-Saharan Africa and elsewhere represents a success story for antiretroviral therapy, this success also brings challenges, as these older adults have increasing needs for health and social care due to multimorbidity resulting from HIV and age-related chronic conditions. The aging of people with HIV in this region is further complicated by the lack of financial, healthcare, and community-based resources that support healthy aging, like those available in high-income countries. In this chapter, we outline several policy initiatives needed to support older adults with HIV in sub-Saharan Africa to meet the challenges of this aging epidemic.

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Book SynopsisSebastian Bönisch untersucht in diesem Buch den Nutzen interorganisationaler Netzwerke im Gesundheitswesen. Er entwickelt ein Schema für Nutzenkategorien von Netzwerkmodellen und überprüft dies anhand von fünf Fallstudien. Unter einem wirkungsorientierten Fokus trägt er die Ergebnisse von 17 wissenschaftlichen Primär- und Sekundärstudien zusammen und stellt diese als tabellarische Kurzfassungen zur Verfügung. Damit bietet er einen Beitrag zur Beantwortung der Frage, ob eine stärkere Vernetzung im Gesundheitswesen die richtige Antwort auf Strukturdefizite sein kann.Table of ContentsNotwendigkeit und Strukturen von Vernetzung im Gesundheitswesen.- Stand der Forschung zum Nutzen von interorganisationalen Netzwerken.- Ableitung eines Schemas zur Nutzenkategorisierung.- Fallstudien beispielhafter Netzwerkmodelle im Sozial- und Gesundheitswesen.

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Book SynopsisDiese umfassende empirische Studie gibt grundlegende Einsichten in die Praxis des Krankenhausmanagements im Kontext der Ökonomisierung des Gesundheitswesens und leistet gleichzeitig einen wichtigen Beitrag zur Soziologie des Managements sowie der rekonstruktiven Management- bzw. Organisationsforschung. Konkret wird aufgezeigt, mittels welcher Praxen und Arrangements die prekäre Lage der Krankenhäuser zwischen Selbsterhalt und öffentlicher Daseinsvorsorge im Management bearbeitet wird und wie die unterschiedlichen professionellen Werthorizonte der Ärzte, der Pflege und der kaufmännischen Geschäftsführung in ein produktives Verhältnis gesetzt werden können. Dabei wird sowohl den einzelnen Professionen als auch der konkreten Zusammenarbeit im Management Rechnung getragen.Table of ContentsProblemaufriss: Das Krankenhaus unter Druck.- Die Studie: Management in 15 Krankenhäusern.- Methodologie: Arrangements des Managements verstehen lernen.- Berufsgruppen.- Arrangements: Außen- und Innenspannungen ins Verhältnis setzen.- Diskussion: Verantwortung für soziale Systeme.

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Book SynopsisAls vermeintlich selbstverständlicher Bestandteil der ärztlichen Tätigkeit ist die ‚ärztliche Kunst’ ein scheinbar vertrautes Phänomen, das im Alltagsverständnis auf allgemeine Akzeptanz stößt. Erst auf den zweiten Blick eröffnen sich Unklarheiten und Ambivalenzen. Eine substantielle Auseinandersetzung mit dem Begriff, seinen Implikationen und seines Stellenwerts - erst recht unter den gewandelten Bedingungen einer verwissenschaftlichten, technisierten und ökonomisierten Medizin - fehlt bislang. Durch die arbeitssoziologische Analyse können grundlegende Elemente der ‚ärztlichen Kunst’ empirisch präzisiert und handlungstheoretisch fundiert sowie ihre Bedeutung im Rahmen gegenwärtigen ärztlichen Handelns aufgezeigt werden.Table of ContentsVerwissenschaftlichung der ärztlichen Praxis.- Technisierung der ärztlichen Praxis.- Ökonomisierung: Vom Gesundheitswesen zum Gesundheitsmarkt – vom Arzt zum Kaufmann- vom Patient zum Kunden?.- Standardisierung ärztlichen Handelns und Verdrängung ärztlicher Kunst.- Verwissenschaftlichung und planmäßig-rationales Handeln.- Die „andere“ Seite ärztlichen Handelns.- Erweiterung des Konzepts planmäßig-rationalen Arbeitshandelns - Integration unterschiedlicher wissenschaftlicher Disziplinen.- Das Konzept des subjektivierenden Arbeitshandelns.- Reinterpretation der Studie als Grundstein der empirischen Untersuchung.- Das empirische Vorgehen und die Darstellung der Ergebnisse.- Ärztliche Praxis als objektivierendes und subjektivierendes Handeln.- Problemfelder: Diskrepanzen zwischen ärztlicher Praxis und Entwicklungen im Gesundheitssystem.- Perspektiven der ‘Ärztlichen Kunst.

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Book SynopsisJulian Wolf zeigt, wie sich im Zuge eines epochalen Strukturwandels im Krankenhaussektor die Vernetzung zwischen Geschäftsführern, Chefärzten, niedergelassenen Ärzten und Patienten neu ausgestaltet. In der empirischen Analyse legt er den Fokus auf das doing in Beziehungskonstellation, womit die subtile und ambivalente Netzwerkpraxis in den Blick kommt. Um dieses Unterfangen methodologisch zu fundieren, nimmt der Autor einen Brückenschlag zwischen der Netzwerktheorie Harrison Whites und der dokumentarischen Methode nach Ralf Bohnsack vor. Der so entstandene praxissoziologische Netzwerkansatz ermöglicht es, die impliziten Dispositionen der Akteure bei der Analyse von Netzwerken grundlagentheoretisch mit einzubeziehen.Table of ContentsVon der Social Network Analysis zu Harrison Whites phänomenologischer Netzwerktheorie.- Praxissoziologie und Netzwerke.- Verknüpfung von dokumentarischer Methode und Whites Netzwerktheorie.- Zur kommunikativen Konstruktion von Identitäten im Krankenhaussektor.- Die Praxis des Netzwerkens.

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Book SynopsisSusanne Fleckinger beleuchtet das Verhältnis zwischen haupt- und ehrenamtlich Tätigen in Hospizarbeit und Palliative Care. Hierzu befragt sie die beteiligten Akteure und geht der Frage nach, welche Bedeutung dem Ehrenamt in den unterschiedlichen Versorgungsbereichen zukommt. Im Ergebnis wird deutlich, dass sich Haupt- und Ehrenamt zwar durchaus ergänzen, zugleich aber grundsätzlich unterschiedlichen Handlungslogiken folgen. Eine gelingende Zusammenarbeit scheint vor allem dann möglich, wenn diese zum Gegenstand der kontinuierlichen Aushandlung der Sorgepraxis in der konkreten Einrichtung gemacht wird. Dafür allerdings ist es notwendig, dass der Zusammenarbeit von Ehrenamt und Hauptamt mehr Raum im Rahmen der Aus- und Weiterbildung eingeräumt wird​Trade Review“… Aufgrund des empirischen Schwerpunkts richtet sich das Buch primär an interessierte Leser*innen aus Qualifizierung und Wissenschaft.” (impu!se für Gesundheitsförderung, Heft 102, März 2019)Table of ContentsZur historischen Kontinuität der Hospizidee.- Entwicklung der modernen Hospizarbeit und Palliative Care.- Das Verhältnis von Ehrenamt und Hauptamt.- Institutionalisierung und Professionalisierung des Ehrenamtes.- Perspektiven der Zusammenarbeit von Haupt- und Ehrenamt.​

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Book SynopsisVor 15 Jahren wurde die Krankenhausvergütung auf ein DRG-Fallpauschalensystem umgestellt (DRG: Diagnosis Related Groups). Das DRG-System wird seitdem im Krankenhausbereich, in Politik und Wissenschaft kontrovers diskutiert. Dieser Sammelband fasst kritische Perspektiven auf das DRG-System zusammen. Er wendet sich an Expertinnen und Experten aus Politik, Wissenschaft und Verbänden sowie allgemein an Personen, die sich mit der Gestaltung des Gesundheitswesens und der Krankenhausversorgung befassen.Mit Beiträgen von: Nikola Biller-Andorno, Ingo Bode,Johann Böhmann, Bernard Braun, Anja Dieterich, Margrit Fässler, Jonathan Falkenberg, Max Geraedts, Thomas Gerlinger, Christoph Kranich, Giovanni Maio, Georg Marckmann, Hans-Joachim Meyer, Michael Simon, Arved Weimann, Maximiliane Wilkesmann. Der Inhalt Einführende Beiträge Auswirkungen des DRG-Systems auf den ärztlichen Dienst, den Pflegedienst und die Qualität der Patientenversorgung Die Beharrungskraft des DRG-Systems und mögliche Auswege Zielgruppe: ​Studierende, Lehrende, Wissenschaftler, Praktiker in den entsprechenden Disziplinen Entscheidungsträger Journalisten Die HerausgebendenDr. Anja Dieterich ist Referentin für Grundsatzfragen der gesundheitlichen Versorgung bei der Diakonie Deutschland, Berlin.Dr. Bernard Braun ist assoziierter Gesundheitswissenschaftler am SOCIUM der Universität Bremen mit den Arbeitsschwerpunkten Versorgungs- und Politikfolgenforschung.Prof. Dr. Dr. Thomas Gerlinger ist Professor für Gesundheitspolitik, Gesundheitssysteme und Gesundheitssoziologie an der Universität Bielefeld.Prof. Dr. Michael Simon ist Hochschullehrer im Ruhestand und lehrte bis 2016 an der Hochschule Hannover mit den Arbeitsschwerpunkten Gesundheitssystem und Gesundheitspolitik.Trade Review“... „Geld im Krankenhaus“ ist es ein sehr lesenwertes und anregendes Buch. Es bietet einen umfassenden Überblick über die Diskussion zur Ökonomisierung der Krankenhäuser mit all seinen Kontroversen und Merkwürdigkeiten ...” (Hartmut Reiners, in: G+S, Heft 2, 2020)Table of ContentsDas deutsche DRG-System: Vorgeschichte und Entwicklung seit seiner Einführung.- Steuerungsmedien und -instrumente in der Versorgung mit Krankenhausleistungen.- DRG oder Markt? Zum Ambivalenzdruck im deutschen Krankenhauswesen.- Auswirkungen des DRG-Systems auf den ärztlichen Dienst, den Pflegedienst und die Qualität der Patientenversorgung.- Das Innenleben des Krankenhauses – zwischen Bedarfsorientierung, Überversorgung, Personalmangel, professionellen Logiken und Strukturdefiziten.- Veränderungen im Alltag einer Versorgungsklinik in 15 Jahren DRG - 40 Jahre Erfahrungen in der Kinderheilkunde.- Ethische Aspekte im DRG-System aus chirurgischer Sicht.- Vom Blindflug zur Punktlandung - Zur Arbeit von Krankenhausärztinnen und Krankenhausärzten unter DRG-Bedingungen.- Die Diskussion um Chefarzt-Boni in Deutschland und der Schweiz.- Von der Umwertung der Werte durch die Ökonomisierung der Medizin.- Ethik als Führungsaufgabe: Perspektiven für einen ethisch vertretbaren Umgang mit dem zunehmenden Kostendruck in den deutschen Krankenhäusern.- Die Bedeutung des DRG-Systems für Stellenabbau und Unterbesetzung im Pflegedienst der Krankenhäuser.- Qualität trotz oder wegen der DRG?.- Das Elend der Fallpauschalen und Modelle zu ihrer Überwindung.- Die Beharrungskraft des DRG-Systems und mögliche Auswege.- Das deutsche DRG-System: Weder Erfolgsgeschichte noch leistungsgerecht.- Die Einführung eines pauschalierenden Entgeltsystems für die Psychiatrie und Psychosomatik – Impulse für den DRG-Bereich.

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Book SynopsisWelche Einschränkungen verbleiben im Alltag trotz einer Cochlea-Implantat-Versorgung? Mit welchen Vorurteilen und Ausgrenzungen sehen sich hörgeschädigte Menschen täglich konfrontiert? Was für eine Bedeutung haben Selbsthilfegruppen bei der Bewältigung von Hörbeeinträchtigungen? In der rekonstruierenden, qualitativen Studie von 50 Cochlea-Implantat-Träger*innen werden von Sascha Roder die Rehabilitationserfahrungen, die private und berufliche Teilhabe sowie das Musikverstehen untersucht. Unter Einbezug der Theorie der Disability Studies, interpretativer soziologischer Ansätze, dem Capability Approach sowie der Biopolitik wird in diesem Buch eine kritische Analyse der aktuellen Teilhabesituation von Menschen mit einer Hörprothese vorgenommen. Table of ContentsHörschädigung im Kontext einer Neuroprothesen-Versorgung.- Teilhabeeinschränkungen bei Früh- und Spätertaubung.- Die Rolle von Selbsthilfegruppen bei hörbeeinträchtigten Menschen.- Chancen und Risiken bei Mensch-Maschine-Kopplung.- Experten-Interviews in der qualitativen Forschung.

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Book SynopsisDas Buch lotet aus, wie das Auftreten des Corona Virus und die Maßnahmen zur Bekämpfung der Ansteckung unser Zusammenleben verändern. Hierzu werden Fachleute aus der Netzwerkforschung befragt, denn fast alle Maßnahmen beeinflussen die Beziehungen zwischen den Menschen. Die Beiträge betrachten die Folgen der Krise für Alltag, Kultur, Wirtschaft, Gesundheit und Politik. Die AutorInnen verarbeiten ihre Forschungserfahrung zusammen mit Beobachtungen und kleinen Fallstudien zu kurzen Betrachtungen darüber, wie die Krise unser Leben bereits jetzt verändert hat.Table of ContentsAlltag.- Arbeit, Wirtschaft und Technik.- Gesundheit und Soziale Arbeit.- Kultur.- Politik.

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Book SynopsisInwiefern kann die Verwendung assistiver Technologien im Sozial- und Gesundheitssektor eine Antwort sein auf drängende Fragen des demografischen Wandels, des sektoralen Fachkräftemangels und der gesellschaftlichen Teilhabe vulnerabler Personen? Sind sie ein wünschenswerter Beitrag zur Selbstbestimmung und Erhöhung der Versorgungssicherheit der Bevölkerung oder eine fatale Entwicklung hin zu einer Ökonomisierung unserer Hilfesysteme? Das Buch nimmt hierzu Stellung aus unterschiedlichen Richtungen: medizinisch, psychologisch, ökonomisch, rechtlich, gesellschaftswissenschaftlich und aus Sicht der Informatik. Mit seinem Erscheinen in der Reihe „Gesundheit. Politik-Gesellschaft-Wirtschaft“ (hrsg. von E.-W. Luthe und J.N. Weatherly) steht das Buch für die wachsende Erkenntnis, Gesundheitspolitik als interdisziplinäre Aufgabe zu betrachten.Table of ContentsDefinitionen.- Einsatzgebiete.- Die Anwendung Assisitver Technologien.- Zielkontexte.- Rechtsgrundlagen assistiver Technologien im Sozial- und Gesundheitssektor.- Ökonomische Rahmenbedingungen assistiver Technologien.- Soziale Dimension.- Gelingender Einsatz von AT.- Praxisbeispiele.

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Book Synopsis Übermäßiges, ununterbrochenes Sitzen und wenig körperliche Aktivität sind Risikofaktoren für zahlreiche Zivilisationskrankheiten. Bereits im Kindesalter wirkt sich das sedentäre Verhalten negativ auf die Gesundheit aus und bedingt nachweislich Adipositas. Den Großteil der täglichen hohen Sitzzeiten verbringen Kinder in der Schule. Nationale Interventionsstrategien versuchen derweil den Schulalltag bewegungsfreundlicher zu gestalten, stoßen jedoch in der Praxis häufig an ihre Grenzen. Grund hierfür ist häufig die fehlende Zeit, um Bewegung in Lernphasen des Unterrichts zu integrieren. Die vorliegende Arbeit erweitert den Blick zur Gestaltung des bewegungsfreundlichen Unterrichts um zentrale Ergebnisse internationaler Forschung. Die gewonnenen Erkenntnisse werden für die Entwicklung praxisnaher, lernzeitwahrenden (Nutzung aktivierender Sitzgelegenheiten) und lernzeitschonenden (bewegungsförderliche Methoden) Interventionen zur Sitzzeitenreduzierung im Unterricht herangezogen. Neben der ausführlichen Evaluation der beiden Interventionsstrategien mittels moderater Technik (u.a. activPAL® Sensoren) werden ausblickend wertvolle Tipps für den praktischen Einsatz formuliert.Table of ContentsBegriffe, Belege, Belastung.- Bewegte Schule als nationale Konzeptionen zur Bewegungsintegration.- Forschungsergebnisse ausgewählter Maßnahmen zur Sitzzeitenreduzierung und Bewegungsförderung im Unterricht.- Zwischenfazit und Forschungsfragen.- Methodologische Verfahren.- Ergebnisse.- Methodenkritik.- Diskussion und Interpretation der empirischen Ergebnisse.- Fazit.- Ausblick.

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Book SynopsisDas Virus SARS-CoV-2 und die dadurch ausgelöste Coronapandemie haben die Gesellschaft in einen Krisenmodus versetzt: Die Coronapandemie hat tiefgreifenden Einfluss auf den Alltag von Subjekten in allen Lebenslagen genommen, gesellschaftliche Bedingungen verändert und institutionelle Veränderungen angestoßen. Ob das Tragen eines Mund-Nasen-Schutzes, die virtuelle Kommunikation als neuer Standard in Arbeitsumgebungen oder Regelungen zu Impfungen und öffentlichem Gesundheitsschutz – gesellschaftliche Praktiken und Diskurse haben sich verändert sowie Wissensregime etabliert, die einer genaueren multidisziplinären Analyse würdig sind. Der Band versammelt Beiträge zu Bereichen, die von einem krisenbedingten Wandel betroffen sind: Alter, Bildung, Emotion, Freiheit, Geschlecht, Gesundheit, Digitalisierung, Körper, Medizin und Versorgung sowie Sorgebeziehungen.Table of ContentsEinleitung: Multiperspektivität in der Auseinandersetzung von Wissensregimen und ihrer Etablierung in Zeiten der Corona-Pandemie.-​ Alter und Bildung.- Körper, Geschlecht und Technologien.- Medialisierung und Öffentlichkeit.- Medizinische Praktiken in der Krise.

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Book SynopsisSeit der COVID19-Pandemie werden die Pflegeberufe in der öffentlichen Wahrnehmung in neuer Form wertgeschätzt und als systemrelevant diskutiert. Der Pflegealltag hat sich seit der Corona-Pandemie durch kurzfristiges Krisenmanagement und langfristiger Ungewissheit der weiteren Entwicklung verändert. Diesen Spannungsbogen nimmt das Buch in den Blick und geht hierbei folgenden Fragen nach:Deckt sich die kollektive Aufwertung, die Pflege sei systemrelevant, mit der subjektiven Einschätzung der einzelnen Pflegefachkraft? Welche neuen Herausforderungen begegnen den Pflegefachkräften? Wie erleben sie ihren veränderten Berufsalltag? Wie gehen sie mit der permanenten Bedrohung durch Ansteckung bis hin zu einem erneuten Lockdown um? Darüber hinaus ist bislang unklar, inwieweit die COVID19-Pandemie Auswirkungen auf die Berufswahlentscheidung und -motivation nimmt.Table of ContentsZwischen persönlichem Idealismus und gesellschaftlichem Druck: Der Beitrag von MDK-Mitarbeitenden in Zeiten der Corona-Pandemie.- Pandemieerfahrungen von intensivmedizinisch tätigen Pflegefachpersonen: Ergebnisse einer longitudinalen qualitativen Studie in der COVID-19-Pandemie.- Grenzen des Machbaren – Arbeitslast und -verdichtung in der stationären Langzeitversorgung von Pflegefachkräften in der Covid-19 Pandemie.- „wer hilft mir, wenn jetzt was ist?“.- Corona und die medizinische Pflege – Eine explorative Untersuchung zu psycho-sozialen Belastungen von Pflegekräften im ersten Pandemie-Jahr.- Perspektiven der Personalentwicklung als Element der Systemrelevanz.- Die Corona-Pandemie. Eine völlig neue Erfahrung auf vielen Ebenen.

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Book SynopsisIn diesem Open-Access-Buch stehen Pflegefachpersonen im Zentrum, die zugleich pflegende Angehörige sind. Als professionell Pflegende verfügen sie über Fachwissen, pflegefachliche Kompetenzen und Kenntnisse zum Versorgungssystem. Als pflegende Angehörige sind sie persönlich betroffen. Die qualitative Studie fokussiert auf das Erleben der Doppelrolle als beruflich Pflegende und zugleich pflegende Angehörige. Sind dies ‚zwei Paar Schuhe‘? Ausgehend von einer Literaturrecherche und der Sekundäranalyse von Interviewdaten wurden episodische Interviews mit 15 Interviewpartner*innen geführt. Die Datenanalyse verdeutlicht ihre Aufgaben im Krankheitsverlauf, welche Entwicklungen sie durchlaufen und ihre Erfahrungen in der Doppelrolle. Die Studie zeigt, dass die Befragten über ein Repertoire von Handlungsoptionen verfügen, die sie im Umgang mit Fachpersonen der Gesundheitsversorgung nutzen. Die gewonnenen Erkenntnisse werden in einem Modell gebündelt, das ihre Positionierung als pflegende Angehörige und zugleich Pflegefachperson im Versorgungskontext veranschaulicht.Table of ContentsAusgangslage.- Theoretischer hintergrund und stand der forschung.- Methodische vorgehensweise.- Empirische ergebnisse.- Diskussion der ergebnisse.- Resümee und ausblick.- Quellenverzeichnis.- Übersicht über das elektronische zusatzmaterial (anhang).

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Book SynopsisVor dem Hintergrund eines vielfältigen soziokulturellen Umfeldes des Gesundheits- und Pflegewesens gewinnt die Versorgungsqualität im transkulturellen Kontext kontinuierlich an Bedeutung für die professionelle Pflegepraxis und pflegewissenschaftliche Forschung. Nicht zuletzt aufgrund der sozialpolitischen und ökonomischen Vorgaben wird in den Handlungsfeldern der pflegerischen Praxis die Sicherstellung hoher Versorgungsqualität unter Berücksichtigung der Bedürfnisse sämtlicher potenzieller Anspruchsgruppen angestrebt. Zugleich kommt in Anbetracht der knappen Ressourcen in der Altenpflege sämtlichen materiellen und immateriellen Faktoren eine wichtige Relevanz für eine optimale Erreichung qualitativer sowie wirtschaftlicher Ziele zu. Das vorliegende Buch trägt zu einem vertieften Verständnis dessen bei, welche qualitativen Merkmale, Anforderungen und Handlungsweisen einer guten Pflege im transkulturellen Kontext im Setting stationärer Altenpflege seitens Pflegebedürftiger und beruflicher Akteurinnen und Akteure zugeschrieben werden. Neben der Beantwortung pflegewissenschaftlicher Fragestellungen wird unter Bezugnahme auf betriebswirtschaftliche Zusammenhänge ein Beitrag zur empirischen Fundierung und konzeptionellen Weiterentwicklung sogenannter „immaterieller Werte“ in der stationären Altenpflege geleistet.Table of ContentsHinführung.- Theoretischer Rahmen.- Empirische Untersuchung.- Schlussbetrachtung.- Literaturverzeichnis.

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Book SynopsisDie Arbeit befasst sich mit dem Zusammenhang von verschiedenen negativen Beziehungsaspekten bzw. spannungsgeladenen Interaktionsketten und subjektiver Gesundheit. Mit Daten aus der Mixed Methods Studie 'Gesichter der Armut' werden auf Basis fallimmanenter Dyadenportraits zunächst Idealtypen negativer Beziehungsaspekte herausgearbeitet. Die sprichwörtlich 'böse Schwiegermutter' entspricht dabei dem Typ 'Manipulativ'. Darauf aufbauend werden die Idealtypen in ein Messinstrument überführt. Auf Grundlage einer Random-Route-Stichprobe wurden in einer eigenen Studie egozentrierte Netzwerke erhoben und das Messinstrument mittels Faktorenanalyse quantitativ überprüft. Abschließend erfolgt die Analyse der Assoziation zwischen negativen Beziehungsaspekten und subjektiver Gesundheit mittels linearer Regressionsmodelle. Der Zusammenhang zwischen negativen Beziehungsaspekten und subjektiver mentaler Gesundheit erweist sich als frauenspezifisch und ist unabhängig vom Typ negativer Beziehungsaspekte. Es ist also weniger wichtig, ob es sich um die 'böse Schwiegermutter' oder den 'nervigen Nachbarn' handelt.Table of ContentsEinleitung.- Konzeption und Begriffsbestimmung.- Forschungsstand zur Entstehung und Systematisierung negativer Beziehungsaspekte.- Die Idealtypen spannungsgeladener Verbindungen (Adebahr, Philip; Keim-Klärner, Sylvia; Klärner, Andreas; Knabe, André).- Interpersonelle Spannungen und subjektive Gesundheit in der Theorie.- Forschungsstand zu negativen Beziehungsaspekten und Gesundheit.- Erhebungs- und Auswertungsmethodik.- Ergebnisdarstellung.- Inhaltliche Rückbindung und Diskussion der Ergebnisse.- Fazit und Ausblick.

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Book SynopsisAn examination of representations of human migration in three centuries of Northern European literature. Migration is a frequent topic of many debates nowadays, whether it concerns refugees from war-torn areas or the economic pros and cons of the mobility of multinational corporations and their employees. Yet such migration has always been a part of the human experience, and its dimensions—with its shifting nature, manifestations, and consequences—were often greater than we can imagine today. In this book, ten scholars from Czechia, Denmark, the Netherlands, Norway, Poland, and Sweden focus on how migration has manifested itself in literature and culture through the nineteenth, twentieth, and early twenty-first centuries in Denmark, Norway, Sweden, Finland, and Iceland. Examining the theme of migration as it relates to questions of identity, both national and individual, the authors argue that migration almost always leads to a disturbance of identity and creates a potential for conflicts between individuals and larger groups. The book digs deep into such cases of disturbance, disruption, and hybridization of identity as they are represented in three centuries of literary works from the European North.Table of ContentsPrefaceMartin Humpál and Helena BrezinováPART I - Tracing Approaches and Rethinking Concepts1. Autobiographical Narratives in an Era of Migration: To What Extent Is the Idea ofIndividual and National Identity Viable?Annika Bøstein Myhr2. Creating (Im)migrant Literature in Sweden since the 1970sSatu GröndahlPART II - Migration, Identity and Literature3. Andersen, Ibsen and Strindberg as Migrant WritersHelena Brezinová4. Emigration and the Image of the U.S.A. in Henrik Ibsen’s Samfundets støtterMartin f5. Christer Kihlman’s Autobiography Alla mina söner (1980; All My Sons) in the Perspective of Orientalism (1978) by Edward W. SaidJan Dlask6. Playing with Identities: Variants of Biography and the Sylleptic “I” in Bronislaw Swiderski’s Migration NovelsSylwia Izabela Schab7. “Det här är en märklig plats.” Space as a Reflection of Identity in Golnaz Hashemzadeh Bonde’s Novel Hon är inte jagRadka Stahr8. Dulce de Leche: Translingualism, Laughter and Sweet Stickiness in Veronica Salinas’ Og. En argentinsk au pairs ordbokElisabeth Oxfeldt9. Migration and Loss of Identity in Linnea Axelsson’s Ædnan. Epos (2018)Petra Broomans10. “The ugly grey-white blocks of concrete.” Class, Gender and Ethnicity in Danish ‘Ghetto Literature’Jon Helt Haarder

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Book SynopsisThis report shows how community-led interventions are central to achieving the end of AIDS and to sustaining the gains into the future. People living with or affected by HIV have driven progress in the HIV response--reaching people who have not been reached; connecting people with the services they need; pioneering innovations; holding providers, governments, international organizations and donors to account; and spearheading inspirational movements for health, dignity and human rights for all. They are the trusted voices. Communities understand what is most needed, what works, and what needs to change. Communities have not waited to be handed their leadership roles -- they have taken the roles on themselves and held fast in their insistence on doing so. They have applied their skills and determination to help tackle other pandemics and health crises too, including COVID-19, Ebola and mpox. Letting communities lead builds healthier and stronger societies. This report shines a light on the underreported story of the everyday heroes of the HIV response. But it is much more than a celebration of the achievements of communities. It is an urgent call to action for governments and international partners to enable and support communities in their leadership roles.

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Book SynopsisEvery year on the occasion of World AIDS Day, 1 December, the Joint UN Programme on HIV/AIDS (UNAIDS) releases a report on pressing issues facing the global response to the AIDS pandemic. As the AIDS and COVID-19 pandemics collide, the 2021 World AIDS Day report warns that the colossal new challenges created by COVID-19 threaten the gains made against AIDS thus far. There have been substantial setbacks, particularly during the first six months of the crisis. People living with HIV are also at elevated risk of COVID-19-related morbidity and mortality. In many places, the upheaval caused by COVID-19 has summoned the inventiveness and resilience that have become hallmarks of the HIV response. HIV programmes that are well-resourced, willing to adapt, and anchored in strong community involvement have tended to cope the best. The Global AIDS Strategy 2021-2026 and the UN General Assembly's 2021 Political Declaration on Ending AIDS call on countries to address inequalities and close gaps. With no time to spare, those agreed actions are not being made at the required speed and scale. What is at stake is bigger than AIDS. During negotiations on a global framework for pandemic prevention, preparedness, and response, the hard-won successes and bitter failures from the response to AIDS have experiences to share. Those lessons must be quickly learned and applied to end AIDS within the next decade, to swiftly defeat COVID-19, and to proactively confront the pandemics of tomorrow

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Book SynopsisHealthy and Sustainable Living through Climate-Resilience Urbanism: Moving forward in Designing Healthy Cities and Communities.- Heat-Health Vulnerability in Developing Metropolitan Areas: A Spatial Analysis in Tehran, Iran.- Humanizing Al-Madinah Al-Munawarah Streets: From a Car-centric City to a Healthy, Culturally Vibrant, and Climate-resilient City.- The Potential of Biophilic Urban Planning for Climate Resilience Cities in Africa: The Case of Dakar Metropolitan Region.- Integrating Blue Zone Principles into Healthy City Design.- Vernacular Heat-Resilient Cities in Hot-humid Climates: Exploring Solutions and Strategies for Bushehr, Iran.- Adaptive Pathways to Flood Resilient Infrastructure in African Coastal Cities: Lessons and Experiences from Nigeria and South Africa.- Healthy Building and Resilient City in Dezful: A Study of Passive Climatic Solutions.- Leveraging Metro Data to Analyze Population Mobility and Reduce Epidemic Risk in Megacities: A Novel Approach for Healthier City Development in Shenzhen, China.- Strengthening Health-Resilience Nexus through Sustainable Urban Design in Brisbane, Australia.

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