Health economics Books

Book SynopsisThis insightful Research Handbook delivers a comprehensive analysis of the significant contemporary trends and issues affecting human resource management (HRM) for health care, and their subsequent impact on individuals, organisations and national health services.Over the last twenty years the combination of new role creation, technical advances in clinical work, changes to clinician working hours and patient-service expectation has changed HRM within health care beyond recognition. Bringing together original contributions from leading international scholars, this Research Handbook utilises empirical evidence within theoretical frameworks to explain the dynamics behind the management of human resources for health care and their resulting effects. Through an in-depth analysis of the potential means of improvement, contributors highlight key action areas for critical issues facing health care providers, such as the collaboration between HRM and public health, the importance of support workers and the crucial need for HRM leadership at multiple organisational levels.The Research Handbook on Contemporary Human Resource Management for Health Care provides a forward-thinking resource for students, academics and researchers working in HRM health and social care, health care leadership and health management. It will also be of great benefit to policy makers, human resource managers and clinical professionals in both local and national health care organisations.Trade Review‘This Research Handbook assembles outstanding scholars from across the globe to provide compelling, expansive, holistic, and sophisticated analyses of both the daunting workplace challenges to sustainably delivering accessible, high-quality care and the promise of engaged and imaginative human resource management as a solution to these challenges.’ -- Timothy Vogus, Vanderbilt University, US‘I am very impressed with the scope of the new Research Handbook on Contemporary Human Resource Management for Health Care, in particular its international character and the inclusion of a section on the contexts – political economic, demographic, organizational and technological – in which health care work takes place.’ -- Adrienne Eaton, Rutgers University, USTable of ContentsContents: 1 Introduction to Research Handbook on Contemporary Human Resource Management for Health Care 1 Aoife M. McDermott, Paula Hyde, Louise FitzGerald and Ariel C. Avgar PART I THE CONTEXT FOR HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT IN HEALTH CARE 2 Commentary on Part I. Context: a pretext and opportunity for the renovation of human resources policies and practices in health and social care 18 Jean-Louis Denis 3 The international health labour market and health worker migration 25 Jennifer Creese and Niamh Humphries 4 Organisation and delivery of HRM: strategic HRM, business models and private equity 41 Paula Hyde 5 Employment relationships in health care 55 Nick Krachler and Stephen Bach 6 Labor relations in health care 72 Rebecca Kolins Givan and Nick Krachler 7 Confronting technological change on the frontlines of health care delivery 90 Adam Seth Litwin PART II THE CLINICAL WORKFORCE AND STAFFING 8 Commentary on Part II. The clinical workforce 109 Trish Reay 9 Cycles of deterioration: the medical workforce and the working lives of hospital doctors 117 John-Paul Byrne and Niamh Humphries 10 Researching how to ‘retain and sustain’ the nursing and midwifery professions: time to intervene to improve the practice environment 132 Anne Matthews and Marcia Kirwan 11 Allied health professionals: hidden but essential 149 Matthew Walker, Pauline Stanton, Beni Halvorsen, Jillian Cavanagh and Timothy Bartram 12 Key issues in workforce redesign: insights from support roles in health care 164 Ian Kessler 13 Key considerations in health workforce planning 181 Sarah Simkin, Caroline Chamberland-Rowe and Ivy Lynn Bourgeault PART III ORGANIZING WORK AND TEAMWORK 14 Commentary on Part III. Organizing work and teamwork 201 Jody Hoffer Gittell 15 Occupational segregation, workforce re-design and the consequences for work and employment (in)equalities 206 Anne McBride 16 Participation, involvement and employee voice in health care 224 Leah Hague, Michael Barry, Paula K. Mowbray and Adrian Wilkinson 17 Maintaining workforce capacity: retention and recruitment of health care workers 238 Rachel Williams 18 High-performance work practices in health care: progress on key themes and prospects for future research 255 Steven Kilroy 19 Managing interprofessional teamwork: strategic relational human resource management and the power of relational coordination 273 Qian Zhang, Hao Gong and Jody Hoffer Gittell PART IV EXPERIENCES OF WORK 20 Commentary on Part IV. The experience of work in health care 290 David E. Guest 21 Creating a healthy work environment and worker well-being 300 Anthony Montgomery and Olga Lainidi 22 Pay and reward in health care services: insights from the case of the UK 318 Mark Exworthy and David Nash 23 Job quality: looking after the people who look after the people 335 David A. Buchanan and Simone Jordan 24 Work–life balance in health care 357 Sari Mansour, Malik Faisal Azeem and Denis Chênevert 25 Organizational, team and individual resilience in health care: what does this mean for HRM? 373 Anaïs Galy, Patrick Groulx, Julia Aubouin-Bonnaventure, Denis Chênevert, Evelyne Fouquereau and Séverine Chevalier PART V HRM SUPPORT FOR LEADERSHIP, MANAGEMENT AND IMPROVEMENT 26 Commentary on Part V. HRM support for leadership, management and improvement: the key role of health contexts and professionalism 397 Gerry McGivern 27 Virtualizing HR in health care: early insights from a study of surgical teams during COVID-19 406 Tracey Rosell and Martin Kitchener 28 Key issues in management and leadership of interorganisational coordination 420 Ninna Meier 29 A call for strategic HRM to support service innovation in health care 436 Graeme Currie 30 Conclusion to Research Handbook on Contemporary Human Resource Management for Health Care 446 Aoife M. McDermott, Paula Hyde, Louise FitzGerald and Ariel C. Avgar Index 460

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Book SynopsisThis ground-breaking book expertly brings together the many effective dementia interventions to reduce the symptoms of this debilitating condition and also, for the first time, a Cost-Benefit Analysis of those interventions to establish whether the benefits outweigh the costs. Focussing on new interventions such as years of education, medicare eligibility, hearing aids and vision correction, Robert Brent also takes an innovative look at the need to reduce elder abuse and initiate an international convention for human rights. Cost-Benefit Analysis and Dementia takes an insightful look at dementia by using a behavioural definition and explaining how the symptoms can affect daily life activities, rather than just using the medical definition. It examines the causality of dementia interventions to establish their effectiveness, dealing with the risk factors and expanding the current list of interventions. Furthermore, it provides an in-depth three-step procedure for evaluating the monetary benefits of those interventions to establish whether these are found to be socially worthwhile. Written in a comprehensive, yet accessible style, this book will be an excellent resource for economists interested in the Cost-Benefit Analysis of dementia care. Healthcare professionals and policymakers as well as non-professionals will find the different interventions discussed to reduce symptoms of dementia illuminating and informative.Trade Review‘The book offers a fascinating paradigm to reflect upon dementia interventions, promising to widen the lens of interested governments, public health and policy makers, as well as clinicians alike. By interlinking concepts of protecting human rights, preventing elder abuse, caring for persons living with dementia, all contributing to improving global health and economy, this book offers a solid rationale for an international United Nations convention on the human rights for older persons.’ -- Kiran Rabheru, University of Ottawa, Canada‘Robert Brent’s Cost-Benefit Analysis and Dementia provides a comprehensive and accessible examination of how economic tools can assist in making interventions for dementia more effective. Using state-of-the-art economic methods, Brent examines a broad range of efforts ranging from the role of Medicare eligibility to the importance of vision correction and hearing aids. Despite the rigorous attention to the costs and benefits of alternative policies, the book does not lose sight of concerns such as advocacy of broader protections for the human rights of those with dementia.’ -- W. Kip Viscusi, Vanderbilt Law School, USTable of ContentsContents: Preface PART I INTRODUCTION 1. Introduction to dementia, Cost-Benefit Analysis, and the new interventions 2. Measuring dementia symptoms PART II THE COST-BENEFIT ANALYSES 3. Years of education 4. Medicare eligibility 5. Hearing aids 6. Vision correction 7. Avoiding nursing homes PART III PUBLIC POLICY IMPLICATIONS OF DEMENTIA INTERVENTIONS 8. Elder abuse 9. Human rights Index

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Book SynopsisThis three-volume set brings together the most important and interesting papers on the economics of health behaviours such as smoking, drinking, drug use, and risky sex. Volume I explores the theoretical foundations; it also includes empirical papers on the household production of health and the link between schooling and health. Volume II covers research into the prediction and explanations of health behaviours and into the labour market consequences of unhealthy behaviour. Volume III features interactions between health behaviours and the impact of related public policies. This authoritative collection will be of particular interest to economists, social scientists and health services researchers.Table of ContentsContents: Volume I Acknowledgements Introduction John H. Cawley and Donald S. Kenkel PART I THE FOUNDATIONS FOR STUDYING HEALTH BEHAVIOURS 1. H. Leibenstein (1950), ‘Bandwagon, Snob, and Veblen Effects in the Theory of Consumers’ Demand’ 2. Michael Grossman (1972), ‘On the Concept of Health Capital and the Demand for Health’ 3. Pauline M. Ippolito (1981), ‘Information and the Life Cycle Consumption of Hazardous Goods’ 4. Gary S. Becker and Kevin M. Murphy (1988), ‘A Theory of Rational Addiction’ 5. Engelbert J. Dockner and Gustav Feichtinger (1993), ‘Cyclical Consumption Patterns and Rational Addiction’ 6. Athanasios Orphanides and David Zervos (1995), ‘Rational Addiction with Learning and Regret’ 7. David Laibson (1997), ‘Golden Eggs and Hyperbolic Discounting’ 8. Gary S. Becker and Casey B. Mulligan (1997), ‘The Endogenous Determination of Time Preference’ 9. B. Douglas Bernheim and Antonio Rangel (2004), ‘Addiction and Cue-Triggered Decision Processes’ PART II THE HOUSEHOLD PRODUCTION OF HEALTH 10. Mark R. Rosenzweig and T. Paul Schultz (1983), ‘Estimating a Household Production Function: Heterogeneity, the Demand for Health Inputs, and their Effects on Birth Weight’ 11. John Mullahy and Paul R. Portney (1990), ‘Air Pollution, Cigarette Smoking, and the Production of Respiratory Health’ 12. Donald S. Kenkel (1995), ‘Should You Eat Breakfast? Estimates from Health Production Functions’ 13. William N. Evans and Jeanne S. Ringel (1999), ‘Can Higher Cigarette Taxes Improve Birth Outcomes?’ 14. Paul Contoyannis and Andrew M. Jones (2004), ‘Socio-economic Status, Health and Lifestyle’ PART III THE ROLE OF TASTES, INFORMATION, AND SCHOOLING 15. Phillip Farrell and Victor R. Fuchs (1982), ‘Schooling and Health: The Cigarette Connection’ 16. W. Kip Viscusi (1990), ‘Do Smokers Underestimate Risks?’ 17. Donald S. Kenkel (1991), ‘Health Behavior, Health Knowledge, and Schooling’ 18. V. Kerry Smith, Donald H. Taylor, Frank A. Sloan, F. Reed Johnson and William H. Desvousges (2001), ‘Do Smokers Respond to Health Shocks?’ 19. David M. Cutler and Edward Glaeser (2005), ‘What Explains Differences in Smoking, Drinking, and Other Health-related Behaviors?’ PART IV EMPIRICAL TESTS OF THE MODEL OF RATIONAL ADDICTION 20. Gary S. Becker, Michael Grossman and Kevin M. Murphy (1994), ‘An Empirical Analysis of Cigarette Addiction’ 21. Michael Grossman, Frank J. Chaloupka and Ismail Sirtalan (1998), ‘An Empirical Analysis of Alcohol Addiction: Results from the Monitoring the Future Panels’ 22. José M. Labeaga (1999), ‘A Double-hurdle Rational Addiction Model with Heterogeneity: Estimating the Demand for Tobacco’ 23. Jonathan Gruber and Botond Koszegi (2001), ‘Is Addiction “Rational”? Theory and Evidence’ 24. M. Christopher Auld and Paul Grootendorst (2004), ‘An Empirical Analysis of Milk Addiction’ 25. Donna B. Gilleskie and Koleman S. Strumpf (2005), ‘The Behavioral Dynamics of Youth Smoking’ Name Index Volume II Acknowledgements An introduction by the editors to all three volumes appears in Volume I PART I PREDICTING AND EXPLAINING UNHEALTHY BEHAVIOURS 1. Alan S. Blinder (1974), ‘The Economics of Brushing Teeth’ 2. Jan C. Van Ours (1995), ‘The Price Elasticity of Hard Drugs: The Case of Opium in the Dutch East Indies, 1923–1938’ 3. Avner Ahituv, V. Joseph Hotz and Tomas Philipson (1996), ‘The Responsiveness of the Demand for Condoms to the Local Prevalence of AIDS’ 4. Edward C. Norton, Richard C. Lindrooth and Susan T. Ennett (1998), ‘Controlling for the Endogeneity of Peer Substance Use on Adolescent Alcohol and Tobacco Use’ 5. Jin-Long Liu, Jin-Tan Liu, James K. Hammitt and Shin-Yi Chou (1999), ‘The Price Elasticity of Opium in Taiwan, 1914–1942’ 6. Alejandro Gaviria and Steven Raphael (2001) ‘School-Based Peer Effects and Juvenile Behavior’ 7. Christopher J. Ruhm and William E. Black (2002), ‘Does Drinking Really Decrease in Bad Times?’ 8. Susan Farrell, Willard G. Manning, Michael D. Finch (2003), ‘Alcohol Dependence and the Price of Alcoholic Beverages’ 9. Patricia M. Anderson, Kristin F. Butcher and Phillip B. Levine (2003), ‘Maternal Employment and Overweight Children’ 10. David M. Cutler, Edward L. Glaeser and Jesse M. Shapiro (2003), ‘Why Have Americans Become More Obese?’ 11. Shin-Yi Chou, Michael Grossman and Henry Saffer (2004), ‘An Economic Analysis of Adult Obesity: Results from the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System’ 12. Mireille Jacobson (2004), ‘Baby Booms and Drug Busts: Trends in Youth Drug Use in the United States, 1975–2000’ 13. Paul Gertler, Manisha Shah and Stefano M. Bertozzi (2005), ‘Risky Business: The Market for Unprotected Commercial Sex’ 14. Emily Oster (2005), ‘Sexually Transmitted Infections, Sexual Behavior, and the HIV/AIDS Epidemic’ 15. Petter Lundborg (2006), ‘Having the Wrong Friends? Peer Effects in Adolescent Substance Use’ PART II THE IMPACT OF HEALTH BEHAVIOURS ON WAGES AND HUMAN CAPITAL 16. John Mullahy and Jody L. Sindelar (1993), ‘Alcoholism, Work, and Income’ 17. Philip J. Cook and Michael J. Moore (1993), ‘Drinking and Schooling’ 18. Phillip B. Levine, Tara A. Gustafson and Ann D. Velenchik (1997), ‘More Bad News for Smokers? The Effects of Cigarette Smoking on Wages’ 19. John Mullahy and Jody Sindelar (1996), ‘Employment, Unemployment, and Problem Drinking’ 20. Gary A. Zarkin, Michael T. French, Thomas Mroz and Jeremy W. Bray (1998), ‘Alcohol Use and Wages: New Results from the National Household Survey on Drug Abuse’ 21. Thomas C. Buchmueller and Samuel H. Zuvekas (1998), ‘Drug Use, Drug Abuse, and Labour Market Outcomes’ 22. Ziggy MacDonald and Stephen Pudney (2000), ‘The Wages of Sin? Illegal Drug Use and the Labour Market’ 23. John Cawley (2004), ‘The Impact of Obesity on Wages’ 24. Jan C. van Ours (2004), ‘A Pint a Day Raises a Man’s Pay; but Smoking Blows That Gain Away’ 25. John Cawley and Sheldon Danziger (2005), ‘Morbid Obesity and the Transition from Welfare to Work’ 26. M. Christopher Auld (2005), ‘Smoking, Drinking, and Income’ 27. Jeremy W. Bray (2005), ‘Alcohol Use, Human Capital, and Wages’ Name Index Volume III Acknowledgements An introduction by the editors to all three volumes appears in Volume I PART I INTERACTIONS BETWEEN HEALTH BEHAVIOURS 1. Rosalie Liccardo Pacula (1997), ‘Economic Modelling of the Gateway Effect’ 2. Thomas S. Dee (1999), ‘The Complementarity of Teen Smoking and Drinking’ 3. Matthew C. Farrelly, Jeremy W. Bray, Gary A. Zarkin and Brett W. Wendling (2001), ‘The Joint Demand for Cigarettes and Marijuana: Evidence from the National Household Surveys on Drug Abuse’ 4. Stephen Pudney (2003), ‘The Road to Ruin? Sequences of Initiation to Drugs and Crime in Britain’ 5. Jan C. van Ours (2003), ‘Is Cannabis a Stepping-Stone for Cocaine?’ 6. John Cawley, Sara Markowitz and John Tauras (2004), ‘Lighting Up and Slimming Down: The Effects of Body Weight and Cigarette Prices on Adolescent Smoking Initiation’ 7. Inas Rashad and Robert Kaestner (2004), ‘Teenage Sex, Drugs and Alcohol Use: Problems Identifying the Cause of Risky Behaviors’ PART II PUBLIC POLICIES AND HEALTH BEHAVIOURS 8. Lynne Schneider, Benjamin Klein and Kevin M. Murphy (1981), ‘Governmental Regulation of Cigarette Health Information’ 9. Philip J. Cook and George Tauchen (1984), ‘The Effect of Minimum Drinking Age Legislation on Youthful Auto Fatalities, 1970–1977’ 10. Pauline M. Ipppolito and Alan D. Mathios (1990), ‘Information, Advertising and Health Choices: A Study of the Cereal Market’ 11. Jeffrey Wasserman, Willard G. Manning, Joseph P. Newhouse and John D. Winkler (1991), ‘The Effects of Excise Taxes and Regulations on Cigarette Smoking’ 12. Jeffrey A. Miron and Jeffrey Zwiebel (1991), ‘Alcohol Consumption During Prohibition’ 13. Tomas J. Philipson and Richard A. Posner (1995), ‘A Theoretical and Empirical Investigation of the Effects of Public Health Subsidies for STD Testing’ 14. Willard G. Manning, Linda Blumberg and Lawrence H. Moulton (1995), ‘The Demand for Alcohol: The Differential Response to Price’ 15. Chee-Ruey Hsieh, Lee-Lan Yen, Jin-Tan Liu and Chyongchiou Jeng Lin (1996), ‘Smoking, Health Knowledge, and Anti-Smoking Campaigns: An Empirical Study in Taiwan’ 16. Christopher J. Ruhm (1996), ‘Alcohol Policies and Highway Vehicle Fatalities’ 17. William N. Evans and Matthew C. Farrelly (1998), ‘The Compensating Behavior of Smokers: Taxes, Tar, and Nicotine’ 18. Phillip J. Cook, Allan M. Parnell, Michael J. Moore and Deanna Pagnini (1999), ‘The Effects of Short-Term Variation in Abortion Funding on Pregnancy Outcomes’ 19. Thomas S. Dee (1999), ‘State Alcohol Policies, Teen Drinking and Traffic Fatalities’ 20. Alan D. Mathios (2000), ‘The Impact of Mandatory Disclosure Laws on Product Choices: An Analysis of the Salad Dressing Market’ 21. Sara Markowitz and Michael Grossman (2000), ‘The Effects of Beer Taxes on Physical Child Abuse’ 22. Martin Forster and Andrew M. Jones (2001), ‘The Role of Tobacco Taxes in Starting and Quitting Smoking: Duration Analysis of British Data’ 23. John DiNardo and Thomas Lemieux (2001), ‘Alcohol, Marijuana, and American Youth: The Unintended Consequences of Government Regulation’ 24. Reagan Baughman, Michael Conlin, Stacy Dickert-Conlin and John Pepper (2001), ‘Slippery When Wet: The Effects of Local Alcohol Access Laws on Highway Safety’ 25. Philip DeCicca, Donald Kenkel and Alan Mathios (2002), ‘Putting Out the Fires: Will Higher Taxes Reduce the Onset of Youth Smoking?’ 26. Jeffrey A. Miron (2003), ‘The Effect of Drug Prohibition on Drug Prices: Evidence from the Markets for Cocaine and Heroin’ 27. Christopher Carpenter (2004), ‘How Do Zero Tolerance Drunk Driving Laws Work?’ 28. Peter M. Lance, John S. Akin, William H. Dow and Chung-Ping Loh (2004), ‘Is Cigarette Smoking in Poorer Nations Highly Sensitive to Price? Evidence from Russia and China’ 29. Jonathan Gruber and Botond Köszegi (2004), ‘Tax Incidence when Individuals are Time Inconsistent: The Case of Cigarette Excise Taxes’ 30. Gabriel A. Picone, Frank Sloan and Justin G. Trogdon (2004), ‘The Effect of the Tobacco Settlement and Smoking Bans on Alcohol Consumption’ 31. Angela K. Dills, Mireille Jacobson and Jeffrey A. Miron (2005), ‘The Effect of Alcohol Prohibition on Alcohol Consumption: Evidence from Drunkenness Arrests’ 32. Douglas E. Levy and Ellen Meara (2006), ‘The Effect of the 1998 Master Settlement Agreement on Prenatal Smoking’ 33. Jérôme Adda and Francesca Cornaglia (2006), ‘Taxes, Cigarette Consumption, and Smoking Intensity’ Name Index

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Book SynopsisHIV/AIDS is much too complex a phenomenon to be understood only by reference to common sense and ethical codes. This book presents the cost?benefit analysis (CBA) framework in a well-researched and accessible manner to ensure that the most important considerations are recognized and incorporated. This book argues that HIV/AIDS policies need to be evidence based and that CBA is the best way to assemble and summarize the evidence. The work explains why CBA is needed and highlights a number of myths, misinformation and counterintuitive results in the field, and critiques the Millennium Development Goals approach. It also presents HIV/AIDS as a hunger issue in sub-Saharan Africa and as a sexual transmission problem in the US. The roles of nutrition, income, education, religion, agricultural policy, concurrency and sexual networks are all examined. Robert Brent explains the main cost?benefit methods and applications, including threshold analysis, willingness to pay, cost minimization, cost-effectiveness, human capital theory and the value of a statistical life. Applications cover female education, possible vaccines, condoms, and various forms of treatment. He concludes by explaining how CBA incorporates social considerations such as equity.With timely and controversial discussions, this book will be read with interest by AIDS activists, NGO members, policy-makers and public officials, as well as being accessible to non-economists interested in the subject of HIV/AIDS.Trade Review‘Professor Brent’s book is a superlative addition to the HIV/AIDS policy literature. Both non-specialists and specialists in policy evaluation will benefit from the lucid exposition of cost–benefit analysis (CBA) methods applied to the most critical and far-reaching problem that challenges social institutions and individual behavior. Essentially, Professor Brent has taken his vast experience in cost–benefit analysis, and on the ground African research, to apply CBA in a compelling and insightful manner. This book re-examines HIV/AIDS policy in Sub-Saharan countries where the devastation is an infection tsunami. . . Finding what actually works may be difficult, but Professor Brent argues persuasively that using a CBA framework is the best approach.’ -- William S. Cartwright, George Mason University, USTable of ContentsContents: Preface PART I: WHY COST–BENEFIT ANALYSIS IS NEEDED TO SET HIV/AIDS PRIORITIES 1. Introduction to the Book 2. Why Not Just Simply do What is Right and Try to Save Lives? 3. Myths and Misinformation 4. Counterintuitive Results 5. What is Wrong with Setting any Targets? 6. What is Wrong with Setting the Particular MDG Targets? 7. Cost–Benefit Analysis 101 8. Cost–Benefit Analysis 201 PART II: HIV/AIDS AS A HUNGER AND ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT ISSUE 9. Introduction to Part II 10. HIV and Hunger 11. Nutrition and HIV at the Individual Level 12. Nutrition and HIV at the Country Level 13. Income as a Factor Raising HIV Rates 14. Education as a Factor Raising HIV Rates 15. Islam as a Factor Lowering HIV Rates 16. Impact of HIV on Agricultural Households 17. Agricultural Policy and HIV Interventions 18. Sex and HIV I: The Role of Transmission 19. Sex and HIV II: The Role of Concurrency 20. Sex and HIV III: The Role of Networks PART III: COST–BENEFIT METHODS AND APPLICATIONS 21. Introduction to Part III 22. Threshold Analysis Theory 23. Threshold Analysis Practice: The Effectiveness of HIV Education 24. Threshold Analysis Practice: The Benefits of Avoiding HIV 25. Threshold Analysis Practice: The Costs of a Possible HIV/AIDS Vaccine 26. Willingness to Pay Theory 27. Willingness to Pay Practice: The Benefits of Condoms 28. Cost Minimization Theory 29. Cost Minimization Practice: The Costs of Treating TB 30. Cost-Effectiveness Theory 31. Cost-Effectiveness Practice: The Benefits of ARVs 32. Human Capital Theory 33. Human Capital Practice: The Benefits of Female Primary Education 34. Value of a Statistical Life Theory 35. Value of a Statistical Life Practice: The Benefits of VCT PART IV: SOCIAL CONSIDERATIONS IN CBA 36. Introduction to IV 37. Commodification: Everything is Seen as a Commodity to be Bought and Sold 38. What is So “Social” About CBA? Fundamentals of CBA 39. Social and Private Perspectives in CBA 40. CBA and Equity I: Allowing for Ability to Pay 41. CBA and Equity II: Allocating by Time and Other Non-Price Methods 42. Conclusions I: How Not to Set Priorities for HIV 43. Conclusions II: Using CBA to Set Priorities for HIV References Index

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Book SynopsisThe international migration of health workers has been described by Nelson Mandela as the ‘poaching’ of desperately needed skills from under-privileged regions. This book examines the controversial recent history of skilled migration, and explores the economic and cultural rationale behind this rise of a complex global market in qualified migrants and its multifaceted outcomes. John Connell pays particular attention to the increase in demand for migrants in more developed countries due to the complex ramifications of aging, and new opportunities and expectations. He illustrates how globalization has linked sub-Saharan Africa to Europe and North America, and created new demand in Japan for international migrants from China and isolated island states. The long-established skill-drain, with its impact on household relations and negative consequences for health care, is carefully balanced against new flows of remittances, the return of skills and complex regional changes. Wide-ranging policy interventions, and greater social justice, have been challenged by the rise of the ‘competition state’ and limitations to economic growth in the global south.This comprehensive and definitive analysis of the global migration of health workers will prove an essential resource for academics and research students in health and social policy, and in the various disciplines that relate to migration, including sociology, economics and geography.Trade Review‘This book addresses a major current topic and attempts to cover the trends, arguments and dilemmas. The author is eminently qualified to tackle such an exercise as he has a long history of migration and other research, especially in the Pacific region. The book provides a comprehensive overview of the major issues together with detailed analysis and debate. . . this book is a major achievement for its intellectual depth and the international coverage provided. I would recommend it for policy makers, scholars, researchers and postgraduate students. It fills a gap in a very important but neglected policy area.’ -- Robyn Iredale, Journal of Population Research‘. . . the observations that John Connell makes about health systems worldwide in Migration and the Globalisation of Health Care are poignant and timely. He delivers a long-term prognosis for health systems throughout the world, and his findings should give us cause for alarm. Connell’s big-picture assessment of the status quo and his tried-and-tested recommendations for improving it deserve the attention of health policymakers and practitioners everywhere.’ -- Rick Docksai, World Future ReviewTable of ContentsContents: Preface 1. Introduction 2. The Geography of Need 3. Phases of Globalisation 4. The Scope for Migration 5. An Overseas Orientation: Towards Migration? 6. Moving Out? Rationales for Migration 7. Migration and Health Provision 8. The Costs and Benefits of Skill Drain 9. Policy Implications 10. The Enigma of Globalisation References Index

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Book SynopsisHealth policy is a central preoccupation of many, if not all, developing countries. This innovative book presents a selection of ten studies illustrating that carefully conducted research can address common health policy issues.The studies included in this book exemplify the major gains to patients and citizens that can accrue from research efforts, stimulating research capacity in developing countries. Although many of the challenges confronting health systems are universal, it is often the case that research results derived from developed countries can be misleading when applied to low or middle-income settings. The authors also demonstrate the best examples of successful research on health policies and systems from diverse countries such as Argentina, Bangladesh, Cambodia, Cameroon, Chile, Mexico, Nigeria, Peru, Sri Lanka and Taiwan.This insightful book will be a valuable research tool for academics, researchers and policymakers in economics and health. International agencies interested in applied research in health policy and economics will also find it a stimulating read.Table of ContentsContents: Foreword Lyn Squire Introduction: Health System Performance, Finance and Design Diana Pinto Masís and Peter C. Smith PART I: HEALTH SYSTEM PERFORMANCE 1. Productivity Change in Health Services in Developing Countries: Some Empirical Estimates Ravindra P. Rannan-Eliya 2. Health Sector Outcomes in Bangladesh and Sri Lanka: A Tale of Two Countries Aparnaa Somanathan, Ravindra P. Rannan-Eliya and Tahmina Begum PART II: HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING 3. Preventing Impoverishment, Promoting Equity and Protecting Households from Financial Crisis: Universal Health Insurance through Institutional Reform in Mexico Felicia Marie Knaul, Héctor Arreola-Ornelas, Oscar Méndez-Carniado and Martha Miranda-Muñoz 4. Community Prepayment of Health Care and the Willingness to Pay: Evidence of Rural Households in the Central Cameroon Joachim Nyemeck Binam, Diarra Ibrahim and Valère Nkelzok 5. Risk Segmentation, Moral Hazard and Equity in Chile’s Mandatory Health Insurance System Claudio Sapelli PART III: HEALTH SYSTEM DESIGN 6. The Impact of Public Health Insurance on Access and Equity: Peru’s Mother and Infant Insurance Program Miguel Jaramillo 7. Getting to the Heart of the Matter: Hospital Competition and Cardiac Patients in Taiwan Hsien-Ming Lien, Shin-Yi Chou, Jin-Tan Liu and Jason Hockenberry 8. Water for Life: The Impact of the Privatization of Water Services on Child Mortality Sebastian Galiani, Paul Gertler and Ernesto Schargrodsky PART IV: HIV/AIDS IN THE DEVELOPING WORLD 9. Antenatal Clinics, Patients and HIV Prevalence in Cambodia Vonthanak Saphonn, Leng Bun Hor, Sun Penh Ly and Samrith Chhuon 10. Rural Household Vulnerability to HIV/AIDS and Economic Efficiency in Southern Nigeria A.S. Oyekale Index

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Book SynopsisAround half the world's population live in countries where the fertility rate is far below the replacement rate and where life expectancy is increasing dramatically. Using Singapore as a case study, Social Policy in an Ageing Society explores what might happen in a dynamic and prosperous society when falling births, longer life expectancy and rising expectations put disproportionate pressure on scarce resources that have alternative uses.David Reisman investigates the challenges facing Singapore, where a rapidly rising median age and the growing pressure of the elderly upon medical attention are threatening to disrupt the economic and even the political status quo. The dependency of the old upon the young is becoming a financial and an emotional burden. Health care is swelling in quantity and price. Voluntary and compulsory savings are being used up. New demands for pensions and subsidies are challenging the national ideology of family network and self-reliance. Despite a wealth of prospective problems, the author argues that viable solutions can be found. Discretionary savings can increase. Reverse mortgages can monetise owner-occupied property. A higher participation rate can give the elderly the opportunity to earn a living for themselves. This book concludes that public policy must play its part in facilitating these solutions. It must ensure that the old retain their dignity. The old should not lie where they fall.This comprehensive, intelligible and highly original cross-disciplinary study will appeal to a wide-ranging audience. Readers will include academics, researchers and students with an interest in health economics, the economics of development, social policy and administration, public policy and the socio-economic aspects of medicine.Trade Review'. . . this book is likely to be most useful for researchers in health economics and development economics. It will be especially valuable to readers with a detailed interest in Singapore and comparable city-states in the Asia-Pacific region, especially those who wish to see data and socio-economic policy considered in a comparative context.' -- David R. Phillips, Ageing & SocietyTable of ContentsContents: 1. Introduction 2. Old and Ill 3. The Provident Fund 4. Affordable Health Care 5. Payment for Health: Medisave 6. Payment for Health: MediShield and Medifund 7. Home and Family 8. Assets: Capital and Property 9. Labour in the Retirement Years 10. Older Workers: The Policy Options 11. Conclusion Bibliography Index

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Book SynopsisHealthcare is one of modern society's most crucial arenas - costly, important and controversial. This comprehensive research review brings together more than fifty scholarly articles on both healthcare systems in general and health reform in particular. The editors have carefully selected papers by leading academics which will enhance our understanding of the central feature of social and political life. The articles are distinguished by their clear prose and wide disciplinary range. This book is an essential reference resource for students, and practitioners interested in this topical field.Trade Review‘Why is healthcare reform a pervasive global phenomenon? Why do policymakers continually reform their healthcare systems? Why do ideas for reform, such as market mechanisms, which often have little basis in evidence, continue to hold appeal? This impressive and wide-ranging two volume collection of published articles has no ready answers but it offers valuable insights to aid understanding and policy learning. The editors are to be congratulated on provoking debate about the purpose, nature and value of health system reform. Policymakers are well-advised to consult this collection before embarking on massive “redisorganisation” which delivers limited results.’ -- David J. Hunter, Durham University, UKTable of ContentsContents: Volume I – Ideas, Interests and Institutions Acknowledgements Introduction Theodore Marmor and Claus Wendt. PART I THEORETICAL APPROACHES 1. David Mechanic (1975), ‘The Comparative Study of Health Care Delivery Systems’ 2. T.R. Marmor, M.L. Barer and R.G. Evans (1994), ‘The Determinants of a Population’s Health: What Can Be Done To Improve a Democratic Nation’s Health Status?’ 3. Michael J. Graetz and Jerry L. Mashaw (1994), ‘Ethics, Institutional Complexity and Health Care Reform: The Struggle for Normative Balance’ 4. Rudolf Klein (1997), ‘Learning from Others: Shall the Last Be the First?’ 5. Theodore R. Marmor, Richard Freeman and Kieke Okma (2005), ‘Comparative Perspectives and Policy Learning in the World of Health Care’ PART II METHDOLOGICAL FRAMEWORKS FOR CROSS-NATIONAL COMPARISON 6. OECD (1987), ‘The Health Systems of OECD Countries’ 7. Michael Moran (2000), ‘Understanding the Welfare State: The Case of Health Care’ 8. Viola Burau and Robert H. Blank (2006), ‘Comparing Health Policy: An Assessment of Typologies of Health Systems’ 9. Claus Wendt, Lorraine Frisina and Heinz Rothgang (2009), ‘Healthcare System Types: A Conceptual Framework for Comparison’ PART III HEALTHCARE REFORMS AND THE POWER OF IDEAS 10. Alain C. Enthoven (1993), ‘The History and Principles of Managed Competition’ 11. Theodore R. Marmor (2000), ‘The Ideological Context of Medicare’s Politics: The Presumptions of Medicare’s Founders versus the Rise of the Procompetitive Ideas in Medical Care’ 12. Susan Giaimo and Philip Manow (1997), ‘Institutions and Ideas into Politics: Health Care Reform in Britain and Germany’ 13. Thomas R. Oliver and Pamela Paul-Shaheen (1997), ‘Translating Ideas into Actions: Entrepreneurial Leadership in State Health Care Reforms’ 14. Vandna Bhatia and William D. Coleman (2003), ‘Ideas and Discourse: Reform and Resistance in the Canadian and German Health Systems’ PART IV INTERESTS AND ACTORS IN THE HEALTHCARE ARENA 15. Jean De Kervasdoué and Victor G. Rodwin (1984), ‘Health Policy and the Expanding Role of the State: 1945–1980’ 16. Rudolf Klein (1979), ‘Ideology, Class and the National Health Service’ 17. Ellen M. Immergut (1990), ‘Institutions, Veto Points, and Policy Results: A Comparative Analysis of Health Care’ 18. Joseph White (2003), ‘Three Meanings of Capacity; Or, Why the Federal Government Is Most Likely to Lead on Insurance Access Issues’ 19. Carolyn Hughes Tuohy (2003), ‘Agency, Contract, and Governance: Shifting Shapes of Accountability in the Health Care Arena’ PART V INSTITUTIONAL CHANGE AND PERSISTENCE 20. David Wilsford (1994), ‘Path Dependency, or Why History Makes It Difficult but Not Impossible to Reform Health Care Systems in a Big Way’ 21. Jacob S. Hacker (1998), ‘The Historical Logic of National Health Insurance: Structure and Sequence in the Development of British, Canadian, and U.S. Medical Policy’ 22. Sven Steinmo and Jon Watts (1995), ‘It’s the Institutions, Stupid! Why Comprehensive National Health Insurance Always Fails in America’ 23. Rudolf Klein (1998), ‘Why Britain Is Reorganizing Its National Health Service – Yet Again’ 24. Richard Freeman (1999), ‘Institutions, States and Cultures: Health Policy and Politics in Europe’ 25. Susan Giaimo and Philip Manow (1999), ‘Adapting the Welfare State: The Case of Health Care Reform in Britain, Germany, and the United States’ Volume II – Retrenchment, Priority Setting and Solidarity An introduction to both volumes by the editors appears in Volume I. PART I LESSONS FOR HEALTH REFORM FROM CROSS-COUNTRY COMPARISON 1. Richard Freeman and Michael Moran (2000), ‘Reforming Health Care in Europe’ 2. Richard B. Saltman (1997), ‘The Context for Health Reform in the United Kingdom, Sweden, Germany, and the United States’ 3. Claus Wendt, Simone Grimmeisen and Heinz Rothgang (2005), ‘Convergence or Divergence of OECD Health Care Systems?’ 4. Robin Gauld, Naoki Ikegami, Michael D. Barr, Tung-Liang Chiang, Derek Gould and Soonman Kwon (2006), ‘Advanced Asia’s Health Systems in Comparison’ 5. Núria Homedes and Antonio Ugalde (2005), ‘Why Neoliberal Health Reforms have Failed in Latin America’ PART II HEALTHCARE AND THE MARKET 6. Robert G. Evans (1997), ‘Going for the Gold: The Redistributive Agenda behind Market-Based Health Care Reform’ 7. Alan Jacobs (1998), ‘Seeing Difference: Market Health Reform in Europe’ 8. Donald W. Light (1997), ‘From Managed Competition to Managed Cooperation: Theory and Lessons from the British Experience’ 9. Sarah Thomson and Elias Mossialos (2006), ‘Choice of Public or Private Health Insurance: Learning from the Experience of Germany and the Netherlands’ PART III HEALTH POLICY RETRENCHMENT 10. Brian Abel-Smith (1992), ‘Cost Containment and New Priorities in the European Community’ 11. Joseph P. Newhouse (1993), ‘An Iconoclastic View of Health Cost Containment’ 12. Jacob S. Hacker (2004), ‘Privatizing Risk without Privatizing the Welfare State: The Hidden Politics of Social Policy Retrenchment in the United States’ 13. Theodore R. Marmor, Jonathan Oberlander and Joseph White (2009), ‘The Obama Administration’s Options for Health Care Cost Control: Hope Versus Reality’ 14. Naoki Ikegami and John Creighton Campbell (2004), ‘Japan’s Health Care System: Containing Costs and Attempting Reform’ 15. Ronald Dworkin (2000), ‘Justice and the High Cost of Health’ PART IV PRIORITY SETTING AND RATIONING 16. A. Weale (1995), ‘The Ethics of Rationing’ 17. Lawrence Jacobs, Theodore R. Marmor and Jonathan Oberlander (1999), ‘The Oregon Health Plan and the Political Paradox of Rationing: What Advocates and Critics Have Claimed and What Oregon Did’ 18. Chris Ham (1997), ‘Priority Setting in Health Care: Learning From International Experience’ PART V THE PRINCIPLE OF SOLIDARITY 19. David Chinitz, Alex Preker and Jürgen Wasem (1998), ‘Balancing Competition and Solidarity in Health Care Financing’ 20. Hans Maarse and Aggie Paulus (2003), ‘Has Solidarity Survived? A Comparative Analysis of the Effect of Social Health Insurance Reform in Four European Countries’ 21. Mark Schlesinger (1997), ‘Paradigms Lost: The Persisting Search for Community in U.S. Health Policy’ 22. Richard B. Saltman (1997), ‘Equity and Distributive Justice in European Health Care Reform’ 23. Eddy van Doorslaer, Xander Koolman and Frank Puffer (2002), ‘Equity in the Use of Physician Visits in OECD Countries: Has Equal Treatment for Equal Need Been Achieved?’ PART VI INTENDED AND UNINTENDED CONSEQUENCES OF HEALTHCARE REFORMS 24. David Mechanic (2001), ‘The Managed Care Backlash: Perceptions and Rhetoric in Health Care Policy and the Potential for Healthcare Reform’ 25. Jonathan Oberlander (2003), ‘The Politics of Health Reform: Why Do Bad Things Happen To Good Plans?’ 26. Gwyn Bevan and Ray Robinson (2005), ‘The Interplay between Economic and Political Logics: Path Dependency in Health Care in England’ 27. Robin Gauld (2008), ‘The Unintended Consequences of New Zealand’s Primary Health Care Reforms’ 28. Uwe E. Reinhardt (1996), ‘Spending More Through “Cost Control”: Our Obsessive Quest to Gut the Hospital’

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Book SynopsisThis book examines the important role of consumer activism in health policy in different national contexts. In an age of shifting boundaries between state and civil society, consumer groups are potentially drivers of democratization in the health domain. The expert contributors explore how their activities bring new dynamics to relations between service providers, the medical profession, government agencies, and other policy actors. This book is unique in comprehensively analyzing the opportunities and dilemmas of this type of activism, including ambiguous partnerships between consumer groups and stakeholders such as the pharmaceutical industry. These themes are explored within an internationally comparative framework, with case studies from various countries. Students and researchers in the fields of health policy and sociology, public policy and social movements will find this relevant and path-breaking book enlightening. It will also prove invaluable for participants and activists in patient and health consumer organizations.Contributors include: K. Adams, W. Armstrong, R. Baggott, R. Bal, S. Barraclough, G. Braunegger-Kallinger, J. Church, D. Delnoij, R. Edwards, R. Forster, M. Fox, B. Fredericks, J. Geissler, P.C. John, K. Jones, M. Koivusalo, K. Krajic, A. Lambertson, M. Leahy, D. Legge, H. Lofgren, T. Milewa, C. Nunez Daw, O. O'Donovan, K.-L. Phua, A. Schipaanboord, J. Tritter, D. Truong, P. Vaillancourt Rosenau, A. VitryTable of ContentsContents: 1. Introduction – Consumer Groups and the Democratization of Health Policy Michael Leahy, Hans Löfgren and Evelyne de Leeuw 2. Health Activism in the Age of Governance Timothy Milewa 3. Health Consumer Groups in the United Kingdom: Progress or Stagnation? Kathryn Jones and Rob Baggott 4. Citizens, Consumers and Stakeholders in European Health Policy Meri Koivusalo and Jonathan Tritter 5. The People’s Health Movement: Health for All, Now! Prem Chandran John and David G. Legge 6. Aboriginal Community Control and Decolonizing Health Policy: A Yarn from Australia Bronwyn Fredericks, Karen Adams and Rebecca Edwards 7. The Irish Health Service’s Expert Advisory Groups: Spaces for Advancing Epistemological Justice? Orla O’Donovan 8. Patient Empowerment in the Netherlands Atie Schipaanboord, Diana Delnoij and Roland Bal 9. Health Policy in Germany: Consumer Groups in a Corporatist Polity Jens Geissler 10. Austrian Health Consumer Groups: Voices Gaining Strength? Rudolf Forster, Gudrun Braunegger-Kallinger and Karl Krajic 11. Malaysia: The Consumer Voice in the Policy Process Simon Barraclough and Phua Kai Lit 12. From Activism to State Inclusion: Health Consumer Groups in Australia Hans Löfgren, Michael Leahy and Evelyne de Leeuw 13. Health Consumers in Canada: Swimming Against a Neo-liberal Tide John Church and Wendy Armstrong 14. Empowering Health Care Consumers in the United States Michael H. Fox and Anna Lambertson 15. Health Policy in the United States: Consumers and Citizens in a Market Polity Christina Nuñez Daw, Denise Truong and Pauline Vaillancourt Rosenau 16. Health Consumer Groups and the Pharmaceutical Industry: Is Transparency the Answer? Agnes Vitry and Hans Löfgren Index

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Book SynopsisWelfare States and Public Opinion comprises an informed inquiry into three fields of social policy health policy, family policy, and unemployment benefits and social assistance. Though the analyses stem from research spanning fifteen countries across Europe, the conclusions can be applied to social policy problems in nations worldwide. Combining a detailed analysis of the institutional structure of social policy with the study of public attitudes toward healthcare, family policy, and benefits for the unemployed and poor, this book represents a new stream in public opinion research. The authors demonstrate that the institutional designs of social policies have a great impact on inequalities among social groups, and provide best practices for gaining public support for social policy reform.The wealth of information found in this comprehensive study will be of interest not only to scholars and students of sociology, political science, social policy, public policy and law, but to health and social policymakers the world over.Contents: 1. Introduction 2. Perceptions of Welfare State Institutions: Theories and Concepts 3. Healthcare Our Greatest Good? 4. Family Policy One for All? 5. Public Support for Unemployment Benefits and Social Assistance Schemes Money for Nothing or Help in Dire Straits? 6. Conclusion: Comparing Public Attitudes in Three Fields of Social Policy Bibliography IndexTrade Review‘. . . the book is well researched and is a solid overview of the first decade of the 21st century, with a sound theoretical underpinning rooted in Max Weber’s typological method. Wendt, Mischke, and Pfeifer have provided excellent analyses of their data sets to create a well-documented, scholarly study.’ -- Cynthia R. Jasper and Emily Lupton Metrish, Journal of Family and Consumer Sciences‘. . . offers a fresh perspective. . . as well as interesting empirical findings that advance the research field. . . The cluster analyses of the institutional programme characteristics are by themselves interesting, given the rather wide scope of empirical indicators used. However, the volume’s approach becomes especially valuable when applied to the question of, for example, public preferences for more/less spending and satisfaction with existing programmes.’ -- Carsten Jensen, Social Policy and AdministrationTable of ContentsContents: 1. Introduction 2. Perceptions of Welfare State Institutions: Theories and Concepts 3. Healthcare – Our Greatest Good? 4. Family Policy – One for All? 5. Public Support for Unemployment Benefits and Social Assistance Schemes – Money for Nothing or Help in Dire Straits? 6. Conclusion: Comparing Public Attitudes in Three Fields of Social Policy Bibliography Index

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Book SynopsisIn this unique and pathbreaking book, David Reisman examines the relatively new phenomenon of health travel. He presents a multidisciplinary account of the way in which lower costs, shorter waiting times, different services, and the chance to combine recreational tourism with a check-up or an operation all come together to make medical travel a new industry with the potential to create jobs and wealth, while at the same time giving sick people high-quality care at an affordable price. The book illustrates that it is no longer the case that medical attention must be consumed at home. Patients are travelling to Mexico, India and Thailand for a heart bypass. They are going to Hungary, Poland and Malaysia for dentistry. Doctors are migrating to Britain, the USA and Canada for new challenges. Hospitals are opening subsidiaries in Dubai, the Philippines and Costa Rica to see overseas patients on the spot. Integrating academic perspectives from medicine, tourism, health economics, development studies and public policy, the author concludes that the benefits both to the importing and the exporting nations are considerable, but that there are also some costs. He suggests that the new industry should be regulated and supported in order that it can do its best both for the local population and for the sick people who travel abroad for treatment. This fascinating and highly original book will be of great interest to academics and researchers in areas such as health economics, tourism, social policy, development studies, Asian studies and public policy. It will also prove invaluable to practitioners actively involved in planning and delivering medical attention in the global economic order.Trade Review'The book provides an extraordinary in-depth study of one aspect of globalisation and will be invaluable to anyone interested in developments in health care, international business or possibly geography.' --Jo Guiver, Journal of Transport Geography'Health Tourism is a fascinating read. . . This book provides a unique look at a rapidly emerging issue for social and public policy as well as developmental studies, and would lend itself to animated debates, particularly at the graduate level.' --Marion Joppe, Annals of Tourism ResearchTable of ContentsContents: 1. Introduction 2. A Taxonomy of Trade 3. Price 4. Quality 5. Differentiation 6. Health Tourism: The Benefits 7. Health Tourism: The Costs 8. Health Tourism and Public Policy 9. The Singapore Experience 10. Health Hubs in Asia Bibliography Index

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Book SynopsisThe Elgar Companion to Health Economics is a comprehensive and accessible look at the field, as seen by its leading figures.'- Joseph Newhouse, Harvard Medical School, USThis comprehensive collection brings together more than 50 contributions from some of the most influential researchers in health economics. It authoritatively covers theoretical and empirical issues in health economics, with a balanced range of material on equity and efficiency in health care systems, health technology assessment and issues of concern for developing countries. This thoroughly revised second edition is expanded to include four new chapters, while all existing chapters have been extensively updated.The Elgar Companion to Health Economics, Second Edition intends to take an audience of advanced undergraduates, postgraduates and researchers to the current frontier of research by providing concise and readable introductions to key topics.Contributors: T. Adam, H. Al-Janabi, M.C. Auld, P.P. Barros, A. Basu, S. Birch, D. Bishai, H. Bleichrodt, W.D. Bradford, J. Brazier, F. Breyer, A. Briggs, J.F. Burgess Jr, L. Burgess, M. Chalkley, D. Chisholm, K. Claxton, J. Coast, P. Contoyannis, R. Cookson, G. Currie, D. Dawson, P. Deb, C. Donaldson, B. Dowd, M. Drummond, T.T.-T. Ensor, S.L. Ettner, D.B. Evans, D. Feeny, R. Feldman, E. Fenwick, A. Gafni, P.-Y. Geoffard, K. Gerard, J. Glazer, D.C. Grabowski, H. Gravelle, P. Grootendorst, P.J. Huckfeldt, T. Iversen, A.M. Jones, D. Kenkel, A.N. Kleit, D.N. Lakdawalla, M. Lindeboom, P. Lorgelly, J. Louviere, H. Lurås, W. Manning, X. Martinez-Giralt, H. Mason, A. McGuire, T.G. McGuire, D. Meltzer, A. Mills, C. Mitton, S. Morris, J. Mullahy, D. Nair, E.C. Norton, J.A. Nyman, O. O'Donnell, T. Olmstead, N. Palmer, S.J. Peacock, T.J. Philipson, J.L. Pinto, D. Polsky, C. Propper, M. Raikou, R. Rannan-Eliya, N. Rice, T. Rice, J. Roberts, D. Rowen, C.J. Ruhm, M. Ryan, M. Schoenbaum, M.J. Sculpher, P. Shackley, L. Siciliani, J.L. Sindelar, P.C. Smith, R. Smith, A. Somanathan, A. Street, D.J. Street, M. Sutton, R. Thompson, P.K. Trivedi, A. Tsuchiya, E. van Doorslaer, C.H. Van Houtven, D.J. Vanness, S. Venkatapuram, R. Viney, A. Wagstaff, M.C. Weinstein, J.A. Williams, D. Wilson, P. ZweifelTrade ReviewAcclaim for the first edition: This companion is a timely addition... It contains 50 chapters, from 90 contributors around the world, on the topical and policy-relevant aspects of health economics... there is a balanced coverage of theoretical and empirical materials, and conceptual and practical issues... I have found the Companion very useful.' --Sukhan Jackson, Economic Analysis and Policy'This encyclopedic work provides interested readers with an authoritative and comprehensive overview of many, if not all, of the current research issues in health economics. Highly recommended. Upper-level undergraduates and above.' --R.M. Mullner, ChoiceTable of ContentsContents: Introduction Andrew M. Jones POPULATION HEALTH AND HEALTH CARE SYSTEMS PART I: POPULATION HEALTH 1. Understanding the Relationship between Macroeconomic Conditions and Health Christopher J. Ruhm 2. The Dynamics of Health Andrew M. Jones, Nigel Rice and Paul Contoyannis 3. Health and Work of Older Workers Maarten Lindeboom 4. Using Observational Data to Identify the Causal Effects of Health-related Behaviour M. Christopher Auld 5. Economics of Public Health Interventions for Children in Developing Countries David Bishai, Divya Nair and Taghreed Adam 6. Health Behaviours Among Young People Don Kenkel 7. Economics of Obesity Peter J. Huckfeldt, Darius N. Lakdawalla and Tomas J. Philipson 8. Illicit Drugs and Drug-related Crime Jody L. Sindelar and Todd Olmstead PART II: HEALTH CARE FINANCE AND DEMAND 9. The Value of Health Insurance John A. Nyman 10. Incentive and Selection Effects in Health Insurance Pierre-Yves Geoffard 11. Prescription Drug Insurance and Reimbursement Paul Grootendorst 12. The Economics of Social Health Insurance Peter Zweifel and Friedrich Breyer 13. Competition and Health Plan Choice Bryan Dowd and Roger Feldman 14. Empirical Models of Health Care Use Partha Deb and Pravin K. Trivedi 15. Unofficial Payments in Low- and Middle-income Countries Tim Ensor and Robin Thompson 16. Trade in Health Services: Current Challenges and Future Prospects of Globalization Richard Smith PART III: EQUITY IN HEALTH AND HEALTH CARE 17. Decomposition of Inequalities in Health and Health Care Owen O’Donnell, Eddy van Doorslaer and Adam Wagstaff 18. Economic Studies of Equity in the Consumption of Health Care Hugh Gravelle, Stephen Morris and Matt Sutton 19. Equity in Health and Health Care Systems in Asia Ravindra Rannan-Eliya and Aparnaa Somanathan PART IV: ORGANIZATION OF HEALTH CARE MARKETS 20. Hospital Competition and Patient Choice in Publicly Funded Health Care Richard Cookson and Diane Dawson 21. Models of Negotiation and Bargaining in Health Care Pedro Pita Barros and Xavier Martinez-Giralt 22. Contracts, Information and Incentives in Health Care Martin Chalkley 23. Contracting-out Health Service Provision in Resource- and Information-poor Settings Natasha Palmer and Anne Mills 24. Waiting Times and Waiting Lists Luigi Siciliani and Tor Iversen PART V: PROVIDER REIMBURSEMENT, INCENTIVES AND BEHAVIOUR 25. The Physician as the Patient’s Agent Thomas Rice 26. Capitation and Incentives in Primary Care Tor Iversen and Hilde Lurås 27. Optimal Risk Adjustment Jacob Glazer and Thomas G. McGuire 28. The Role of Economic Incentives in Improving the Quality of Mental Health Care Susan L. Ettner, Michael Schoenbaum and Jessica A. Williams 29. Nursing Home Quality of Care David C. Grabowski and Edward C. Norton 30. Informal Care David C. Grabowski, Edward C. Norton and Courtney H. Van Houtven 31. Direct to Consumer Advertising for Pharmaceuticals: Research Amid the Controversy W. David Bradford and Andrew N. Kleit PART VI: ASSESSING THE PERFORMANCE OF HEALTH CARE ORGANIZATIONS 32. Concepts and Challenges in Measuring the Performance of Health Care Organizations Peter C. Smith and Andrew Street 33. The Use of Performance Measures in Health Care Systems Carol Propper and Deborah Wilson 34. Productivity Analysis in Health Care James F. Burgess Jr EVALUATION OF HEALTH CARE PART VII: MEASURING BENEFITS 35. Conceptual Foundations for Health Utility Measurement Han Bleichrodt and Jose Luis Pinto 36. The Multi-attribute Utility Approach to Assessing Health-related Quality of Life David Feeny 37. Methods for Developing Preference-based Measures of Health John Brazier, Jennifer Roberts and Donna Rowen 38. Distributional Judgements in the Context of Economic Evaluation Aki Tsuchiya 39. The Capability Approach: An Alternative Evaluation Paradigm for Health Economics? Richard Smith, Paula Lorgelly, Hareth Al-Janabi, Sridhar Venkatapuram and Joanna Coast 40. Contingent Valuation in Health Care Cam Donaldson, Helen Mason and Phil Shackley 41. Using Discrete Choice Experiments in Health Economics Mandy Ryan, Karen Gerard and Gillian Currie 42. Design of Choice Experiments in Health Economics Leonie Burgess, Deborah J. Street, Rosalie Viney and Jordan Louviere PART VIII: MEASURING COSTS AND STATISTICAL ISSUES 43. Estimating Costs for Economic Evaluation Maria Raikou and Alistair McGuire 44. Dealing with Skewed Data on Costs and Expenditures Willard Manning 45. Future Costs in Medical Cost-effectiveness Analysis David Meltzer 46. Selection Bias in Observational Data Daniel Polsky and Anirban Basu PART IX: ECONOMIC EVALUATION AND DECISION MAKING 47. Decision Rules for Incremental Cost-effectiveness Analysis Milton C. Weinstein 48. Generalized Cost-effectiveness Analysis: Principles and Practice David B. Evans, Dan Chisholm and Tessa Tan-Torres Edejer 49. Decision Rules in Economic Evaluation Revisited Stephen Birch and Amiram Gafni 50. Statistical Methods for Cost-effectiveness Analysis Alongside Clinical Trials Andrew Briggs 51. Decision-making with Uncertainty: The Value of Information Karl Claxton, Elisabeth Fenwick and Mark J. Sculpher 52. Moving Beyond Mean-based Evaluation of Health Care David J. Vanness and John Mullahy 53. Priority Setting Methods in Health Services Stuart J. Peacock and Craig Mitton 54. Economic Evaluation and Decision-makers Michael Drummond Index

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Book SynopsisPresents an overview of the obesity epidemic; examines statistics and projections about the condition's impact on health, society, politics, and the world economy; and discusses the benefits of effective interventions in the long term.Trade Review‘This volume, initiated by the OECD, provides an overview of trends and future projections of obesity; discusses the economic costs associated with this major health issue; and examines various government and market strategies designed to prevent this growing problem. . . A timely, valuable volume on a critical issue. . . Highly recommended.’ -- E.P. Hoffman, Choice‘This book presents a valuable set of results and suggestions about the best preventive interventions to reduce the burden of obesity. It will aid any country concerned about this burden in defining public policies aimed at altering current trends.’ -- Julio Frenk, Harvard School of Public Health, US‘The positive message of this book is that the obesity epidemic can be successfully addressed by comprehensive strategies involving multiple interventions directed at individuals and populations.’ -- Ala Alwan, World Health Organization‘This innovative and well-researched book combines insights from a wide range of disciplines. It provides a clear exposition of the evidence that policy makers need to take action.’ -- Martin McKee, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, UKTable of ContentsContents: 1. Introduction: Obesity and the Economics of Prevention Special Focus I: Promoting Health and Fighting Chronic Diseases: What Impact on the Economy? by Marc Suhrcke 2. Obesity: Past and Projected Future Trends 3. The Social Dimensions of Obesity Special Focus II: The Size and Risks of the International Epidemic of Child Obesity by Tim Lobstein 4. How Does Obesity Spread? Special Focus II: Are Health Behaviors Driven by Information? by Donald Kenkel 5. Tackling Special Focus IV: Community Interventions for the Prevention of Obesity by Francesco Branca 6. The Impact of Inventions Special Focus V: Regulation of Food Advertising to Children: The UK Experience by Jonathan Porter Special Focus VI: The Case of Self-Regulation in Food Advertising by Stephan Loerke 7. Information, Incentives and Choice: A Viable Approach to Preventing Obesity Annexes

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Book SynopsisThis insightful book discusses vital concepts of system sustainability in terms of productivity, quality improvement, innovation and cost control in the context of maximizing the potential of staff in the health care sector through effective human resource management.Health systems in the western world face increasingly intense pressure to contain or reduce costs, while countries such as China and India move towards universal coverage. The contributors illustrate that radical gains in efficiency and innovative practice are required internationally in health care systems. They argue that the high proportion of health care system costs invested in staffing place the human resource function at the forefront of meeting this challenge. Sustained system change and productivity gains, more effective management of staff and work climate are essential elements of reform and are all covered in this bookThe book provides practical examples as to how health service managers can rise to the challenge of sustaining services against greater pressures than ever before. It will strongly appeal to academics and students of health service management and public sector management. Health service managers, HR professionals in health as well as clinical staff will also find plenty of informative information in this enriching compendium.Contributors include: J. Appleby, N. Ashkanasy, F. Barwell, H. Bevan, M. Cooke, S. Cross, H. Flanagan, A. Grove, J. Hartley, M. Hopkins, H. Laschinger, S. Leggat, P. Mazelan, J. Ovretveit, A. RichardsenTrade ReviewHealthy organisations are twice as likely to get better results than unhealthy ones, and this could be a matter of life and death if your business is healthcare. Whatever way you look at it, HR has a key role to play and the authors once again points the way. --Clare Chapman, Group People Director, BT (British Telecoms)If healthcare systems around the world are to respond to the growing demands of an ageing population and advances in technology, then healthcare workforces will need to managed with imagination, agility and innovation. This important book sets out some of these challenges in a thoughtful and accessible way, allowing the reader to tap into the research pedigree of its authors and to draw out lessons and evidence which will inform both strategy and practice. --Stephen Bevan, Director, Centre for Workforce Effectiveness, The Work FoundationTable of ContentsContents: PART I: OVERALL CONTEXT: QUALITY, COST, PRODUCTIVITY IN HEALTH CARE ORGANISATIONS 1. Background and Context Ronald J. Burke, Peter Spurgeon and Cary L. Cooper 2. Productivity in Health Care John Appleby 3. Raising Quality and Reducing Costs – in One Improvement? John Øvretveit 4. A Trilogy for Health Care Improvement: Quality, Productivity and Innovation Helen Bevan PART II: HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT 5. The Contribution of ‘Best-Practice’ HR Management to Better Organisational Performance Sandra G. Leggat 6. Fostering Creativity in Health Care: Health Care Workers as Agents of Creativity March L. To, Neal M. Ashkanasy and Cynthia D. Fisher 7. Hospital Restructuring and Downsizing: Déjà Vu All Over Again Ronald J. Burke 8. A Better Model of Managing Sickness Absence Hugh Flanagan, Fred Barwell, Patti Mazelan and Peter Spurgeon PART III: BETTER LEADERSHIP, BETTER ORGANISATIONAL PERFORMANCE 9. Nurse Leaders: Partners in Health Care Leadership Margaret M. Hopkins and Deborah A. O’Neil 10. Enhancing Medical Leadership and Engagement: Impact upon Organisational Performance Peter Spurgeon 11. A Review of Quality Improvement in Health Care and Recommendations for the Future Amy L. Grove and James O. Meredith 12. Leadership Across Complex Systems and Boundaries Jean Hartley PART IV: MANAGING STAFF BETTER 13. Workforce Engagement and Organisational Performance Astrid M. Richardsen and Ronald J. Burke 14. Organisational and Health Effects of Workplace Empowerment in Health Care Settings Heather Laschinger 15. Stress Amongst Health Care Professionals and What Can be Done Cary L. Cooper 16. A Safer Clinical Systems Approach Matthew Cooke, Steve Cross and Peter Spurgeon PART V: CONCLUDING COMMENTS 17. Concluding Comments Peter Spurgeon, Ronald J. Burke and Cary L. Cooper Index

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Book SynopsisAuthored by Amanda Glassman and Miriam Temin with the Millions Saved Team and Advisory Group, Millions Saved: News Cases of Proven Success in Global Health, shows what works—and what doesn’t—in global health. In a foreword to the book, Bill Gates says, “I encourage global health experts, policymakers, funders, and anyone else interested in helping create a better world to read Millions Saved. I am confident you will come away with a clearer sense of what the world has learned about fighting some of our biggest health challenges—and how we can use that knowledge to save even more lives.”Over the past fifteen years, people in low- and middle-income countries have experienced a health revolution—one that has created new opportunities and brought new challenges. It is a revolution that keeps mothers and babies alive, helps children grow, and enables adults to thrive.Millions Saved: New Cases of Proven Success in Global Health chronicles the global health revolution from the ground up, showcasing twenty-two local, national, and regional health programs that have been part of this global change. The book profiles eighteen remarkable cases in which large-scale efforts to improve health in low- and middle-income countries succeeded, and four examples of promising interventions that fell short of their health targets when scaled-up in real world conditions. Each case demonstrates how much effort—and sometimes luck—is required to fight illness and sustain good health.The cases are grouped into four main categories, reflecting the diversity of strategies to improve population health in low-and middle-income countries: rolling out medicines and technologies; expanding access to health services; targeting cash transfers to improve health; and promoting population-wide behavior change to decrease risk. The programs covered also come from various regions around the world: seven from sub-Saharan Africa, six from Latin America and the Caribbean, five from East and Southeast Asia, and four from South Asia.Trade Review“This is one of the most uplifting volumes on global health that I have come across. Solid evidence of cost-effective health interventions at scale gives us hope that millions more lives of the poorest and most vulnerable among us can be saved.”—Ngozi Okonjo-Iweala, Former Finance Minister, Nigeria “I encourage global health experts, policymakers, funders, and anyone else interested in helping create a better world to read Millions Saved. I am confident you will come away with a clearer sense of what the world has learned about fighting some of our biggest health challenges—and how we can use that knowledge to save even more lives.”—Bill Gates, Co-chair, Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation “This book serves as both an inspiration and as a practical tool—it reminds us that our work is constantly evolving and that our investments yield tangible change. These stories are proof that we are making a difference.”—Jimmy Kolker, Assistant Secretary for Global Affairs, United States Department of Health and Human Services“Positive deviance is usually thought of as finding the successful examples in a community, learning what they do best, and then scaling up those behaviors. This book is about global positive deviance. The authors have found examples of exceptional success in global health that serve as lessons for all of us working in the field.”—Stefano Bertozzi, Dean, UC Berkeley School of Public Health“As we look forward, and begin the work towards achieving the Sustainable Development Goals, the chronicles of global health presented in this and previous editions of Millions Saved provide us with documented evidence on what works and does not work in global public health. The studies from Latin America showcase that targeted interventions addressing the needs of vulnerable and marginal populations can yield enormous dividends in health, social and economic development.”—Carissa Etienne, Director, Pan American Health Organization “I applaud the book’s range of major categories of interventions for improving health, its learnings from programs that disappointed at scale, and its incorporation of costs in the discussion about program effectiveness and impact. Importantly, the book draws conclusions about common features and key lessons, rather than only offering a compilation of interesting case studies, which is essential for the volume to be effective.”—Jere Behrman, Professor, University of Pennsylvania

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Book SynopsisThe COVID-19 pandemic has led to radical transformations in the organisation and delivery of health and care services across the world. In many countries, policy makers have rushed to re-organise care services to meet the surge demand of COVID-19, from re-purposing existing services to creating new ‘field’ hospitals. Such strategies signal important and sweeping changes in the organisation of both ‘COVID’ and ‘non-COVID’ care, whilst asking more fundamental questions about the long-term organisation of care ‘after COVID’. In some contexts, the pandemic has exposed the fragilities and vulnerabilities of care systems, whilst in others, it has shown how services are organised to be more resilient and adaptive to unanticipated pressures. The COVID-19 pandemic presents a rare opportunity to examine empirically and to develop new theoretical frameworks on how and why health systems adapt to such unusual and intense pressures. International contributors consider how responses to COVID-19 are transforming the organisation and governance of health and care services and explore questions around strategic leadership at local, regional, national and transnational level. The book offers unique insight and analysis on the dynamics of policy-making, the organisation and governance of care organisations, the role of technologies in governing, the changing role of professionals and the possibilities for more resilient care systems.Table of Contents 1. Intra-Crisis Policy Transfer: the case of Covid 19 in the UK Martin Powell and Sophie King-Hill, University of Birmingham, UK Learning from abroad and policy transfer feature in the literature on learning (eg Bennett and Howlett 1992; Vagionaki and Trein 2019) and in health care (eg Klein 1997; Ettelt et al 2012), but it focuses on ‘normal’ rather than crisis policy making. This chapter brings together the literatures on learning and policy transfer with material on crisis learning in order to assess policy transfer in the Covid 19 Pandemic in the UK. The leading authors in the field of policy transfer, Dolowitz and Marsh (1996) suggested a series of questions that might be addressed: Who transfers policy? Why engage in policy transfer? What is transferred? Are there different degrees of transfer? From where are lessons drawn? What factors constrain policy transfer? They later added a further question about how the process of policy transfer related to policy “success” or “failure.” (Dolowitz and Marsh 2000; cf Marsh and McConnell 2009)). However, although their titles stress ‘learning’ and ‘lessons’ (eg ‘Who learns what from whom’ (Dolowitz and Marsh 1996) and ‘Learning from abroad’ (Dolowitz and Marsh 2000)), the literature arguably say little about learning (eg Ingold and Monaghan 2016). The policy transfer literature focuses on ‘normal’ times, but there is little on policy transfer in a crisis, with its constituent elements of threat, uncertainty, and urgency. Conversely, it is broadly argued that lesson-drawing is one of the most underdeveloped aspects of crisis management. The literature distinguishes learning across crises and learning within a crisis, or inter-crisis and inter-crisis management, and between ‘routine’ and ‘non-routine’ or ‘less routine’ crises (eg Moynihan 2008, 2009). While there is some literature on inter-crisis learning from Pandemics (eg Stark 2018), the material on intra-learning during Pandemics is limited. For example, Baekkeskov and Robin (2014) claim that ‘pandemic response is unique’ because it was ruled by bureaucratized experts rather than by elected politicians. They argue that while natural disaster responses appear to follow a political logic, national pandemic vaccination policies follow a bureaucratic logic. However, pandemic vaccination policies diverge significantly between countries because expert judgments differ significantly. Baekkeskov (2016) focuses on the different response policies in the Netherlands and Denmark to the 2009 H1N1 ‘swine’ influenza pandemic. The main aims explore how the main elements of learning, particularly cross-national lesson-drawing and policy transfer play out in the Covid 19 crisis. The main research questions are drawn from Dolowitz and Marsh (1996, 2000) framework (above). However, it addresses them with respect to the crisis and learning literatures. From the crisis perspective, how do threat, uncertainty, and urgency relate to policy transfer in a non-routine and intra-crisis situation? From the learning perspective, to what extent did the UK look to learn from abroad?; where did the UK look, and why?; and what did the UK learn? The material is primarily drawn from documents such as the Minutes of the scientific advisory bodies (eg SPI; NERVTAG), and associated scientific published articles (eg Lancet), Hansard Debates, media sources, and (possibly) interviews, and analysed by Interpretative Content Analysis. 2. Population health management in the NHS: what can we learn from covid-19? Kath Checkland, University of Manchester, UK The NHS Long Term Plan (NHS England 2019) sets out the agenda for NHS services in England for the next decade. One of the key strands of the Plan is a move towards what is called ‘Population Health Management’. This approach is briefly defined as: [the use of] predictive prevention (linked to new opportunities for tailored screening, case finding and early diagnosis) to better support people to stay healthy and avoid illness complications (NHS England 2019 p12). Later in the document it is explained that such an approach involves the active identification of people at risk using digital tools and large data sets, and the provision of care of some kind to prevent future health problems. This approach is lauded as being ‘proactive’ in contrast to previous ‘reactive’ care. The evidence underpinning the introduction of such an approach is not described. The covid-19 crisis provides us with an opportunity to interrogate the population health management approach in more depth, and to consider critically what it might offer, what the problems might be and what this means for the post-covid organisation of the NHS. Early in the covid-19 pandemic it was announced that in the UK a cohort of ‘clinically extremely vulnerable’ patients would be identified using digital tools and singled out for special care to prevent them contracting the virus. This process was called ‘shielding’ and it represents an example of population health management. A cohort of people have been actively identified using digital tools, and care has been provided to prevent future health problems. In this paper the ‘shielding’ scheme will be explored and critiqued using three theoretical lenses. Firstly, it will be considered as an example of categorisation (Bowker and Star 2000). Who is in, who is out and the basis of those decisions will be considered, and the implications addressed, including the uncertainties surrounding the classification schema and the political factors at work. Secondly, it will be considered as an example of the construction of risk (Johnson and Covello 2012). Within the policy discourse around shielding, reducing the death rate from covid-19 is presented as a simple matter of identifying risk-bearing individuals. But risk is socially and culturally constructed (Adams 2001), and biomedical risk is only one type of risk which might be considered (Adam 2011). Moreover, the construction of the category of ‘high risk’ is neither transparent nor straightforward. Finally, the paper will explore population health management as a framing device which highlights particular causes of disease and distress and obscures others (Jones and Exworthy 2015). The experience of GPs in the UK in operationalising the shielding policy will be explored through these three lenses to bring to the surface the inherent contradictions and unexamined assumptions which underpin the rhetoric. Comparisons will made with a more traditional public health approach which takes account of the social determinants of health alongside biomedical and individually focused issues (Hall et al. 2018). The implications for the post-covid organisation of the health and care system will be discussed. 3. COVID-19 and primary care service delivery Judith Smith, Emily Burn University of Birmingham, UK Becks Fisher, Health Foundation, UK Louise Locock, University of Aberdeen, UK The COVID19 pandemic has led to a wholesale re-ordering of primary care service delivery both in the UK and other countries. Virtually overnight, practices were closed and consultations moved to telephone calls or online interactions wherever possible. Service changes which have been the source of protracted debate and which would ordinarily have taken years to implement have become normal practice. At the same time, other challenges and changes have included the development of ‘hot hubs’ for primary care across cities or districts, and the addition of new staff and roles into large teams (including formerly retired staff, part-time staff working full-time and extra hours, clinical academics, volunteers). While primary care was braced for a wave of COVID19-related workload, as the pandemic evolved a growing concern emerged that patients who need to seek help have not done so, and that a backlog of ill health may be building in the community. Primary care staff are now facing another challenge as the consequences of the lockdown start to surface. In this chapter, we will firstly describe the NHS in England primary care policy response (informed by content from weekly NHSE letter to primary care, NHSE webinar content and other policy documents). We will locate this in a wider UK and international context as appropriate. We will also draw on co-author Becks Fisher’s frontline experience as a GP to describe how existing primary care organisations in one locality worked to create a new service. We will then present findings from an ongoing empirical study supported by the Health Foundation to capture narratives from a sample of GPs, practice managers and community nurses in England, Wales and Scotland about their experiences of and responses to this unusual and shifting situation. This will include analysis of contemporary blogs and reflective articles, as well as longitudinal data captured in self-recordings, written contributions and short online interviews. This rich qualitative analysis will be complemented by analysis of national data from NHS Digital, used to describe trends in consultation numbers and types. The chapter will conclude by discussing the ways in which primary health care professionals’ roles may be changing as new forms of service provision emerge in the UK and overseas in response to the Covid-19 crisis, and considering how far such changes may be sustained, or be appropriate, for the longer term. We anticipate that policy makers will consider there to be many positive features of the shift to more virtual service provision in primary care, as well as stresses and challenges. We will examine the implications for GPs’ and their teams’ recovery and support. 4. Remote by default: a case study of disruptive technology in primary care Trisha Greenhalgh, Alex Rushforth, Sara Shaw, Catherine Pope, Chrysanthi Papoutsi, Joseph Wherton, Nuffield Department of Primary Care Health Sciences, University of Oxford, UK As a result of the Covid-19 pandemic, patients can no longer walk into a GP surgery and ask to be seen. They must apply online, phone the surgery or contact NHS111. Depending on local triage pathways, they may then get a call-back (phone or video) from a clinician, or a face-to-face appointment, possibly in a ‘hot hub’. This shift from in-person to remote-by-default consulting is the fastest and most extensive scale-up of a radical service innovation since the NHS was established in 1948. Clinicians are faced with a triple novelty: a new disease (uncertain, serious, contagious), a new way of interacting with patients (phone, video) and major changes to workflows and clinical pathways. The changes to what used to be the family doctor service are radical, frightening and difficult. They cut to the core of what it is to care and be cared for, and what ‘good’ and ‘excellent’ health services look and feel like. Much is at stake. Lives depend on getting the right patients to hospital at the right time to ensure benefit from critical care without overwhelming the hospital with referrals. This requires accurate identification of cases for referral and monitoring of those with moderate disease – often through the medium of a new or repurposed technology. Success of such new models of care is not just about the functionality of technologies but also about their clinical safety, how we make them work, and the extent to which NHS infrastructure can accommodate them quickly enough. We know from health systems research that disruptive technological innovation, especially in heavily institutionalised environments, is complex, uncertain, challenging and risky. We are currently undertaking a rapid programme of research funded by the ESRC’s COVID response fund, to explore the clinical, technical, organisational and professional challenges of the shift to remote-by-default. This chapter will provide empirical detail of the case study plus a scholarly analysis that draws on the theoretical literature on disruptive innovation at pace and scale. 5. Using Social and Behavioural Science to Respond to COVID-19 Pandemic in Tanzania Ramadhani Marijani, University of Dodoma, Tanzania Since its outbreak in December 2019 in Wuhan City China, the Coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic is impacting on the health and socioeconomic status of the entire humanity. After the World Health Organization (WHO) declared COVID-19 a global pandemic, there have been more than 4.5 million people confirmed cases globally as of May 11th 2020 claiming more than 283,526 deaths and the number keeps on increasing. Sadly, the pandemic continues bursting across the world’s most economically fragile and politically vulnerable continent-Africa. Effective and sustainable management of the pandemics calls for global solidarity and partnership because it is essential to end the spread of the virus and save lives, but most equally important is to avoid the perennial negative effects on social stability and security, especially in developing countries (Lun et al., 2020:1; Anderson et al., 2020). Relatedly, various stakeholders including national governments and international organizations respond differently with the view of containing the disease. For example, while the World Health Organization (WHO) renders global support through coordination and technical guidance (WHO, 2020), the World Bank, the European Union and other bilateral organizations are focusing on providing financial assistances (Bacha, 2020). Socially, the response has led to a massive global public health campaign to slow the spread of the virus by increasing hand washing, reducing face touching, wearing masks in public and physical distancing. Hitherto, while efforts to develop pharmaceutical interventions for COVID-19 are under way, the social and behavioural sciences can provide valuable insights for managing the pandemic and its impacts (Van Bavel,et al., 2020). It is from the foregoing context, that the health care sector is attracting the attention of social and behavioural science researchers and scholars (Van Roekel, 2019; Nagtegaal, et al., 2019; Tummers,2019; Crupi, et al., 2018; SonneNørgaard, 2018; Thaler and Sunstein, 2008). Public administration scholars are not an exceptional in this endeavor. Behavioral Public Administration is believed to address the limit of rationality by reducing biases in human behaviors (StraBheim, 2020; Lindblom, 1959; Simon, 1957; Laswell, 1951). Central to the BPA philosophy is that, people should not be drafted to act and behave in a certain ways but rather encouraged to act in ways that are better for them to stop poor habits and induce desired behavior among non-compliant majority (John, et al., 2020). Given the rapidly developing situation in Africa and Tanzania in particular, we intend to conduct a rapid narrative review of how Tanzania government responds to COVID-19 pandemic, and offers policy and practical implications from Behavioral Public Administration perspectives. Our intention is not to replace the intensive medical and public health interventions, but rather to provide evidence on the behavioral side of those plans and support leadership in improving those mitigations interventions. 6. Professionalism in a pandemic: shifting perceptions of nursing through social media Charlotte Croft and Trishna Uttamlal, University of Warwick, UK This chapter sets out to explore how models of professionalism have been influenced by the COVID-19 pandemic. Specifically, we consider how nurses have harnessed social media platforms to change widely-held public perceptions about their profession and enhance their potential for future organizational influence. Within global health systems nurses are one of the largest professional groups, and a key resource in the ongoing drive for high quality care, cost improvements and service innovation. Yet nurses have struggled to successfully leverage political or organizational capital beyond their professional jurisdiction. Existing research relates this to a perpetuation of historic professional stereotypes, undermining nurses’ potential organizational influence. However, the COVID-19 pandemic has brought the important, yet previously under-recognised, role of nurses to the forefront of public consciousness, reflected through increased media interest. Further to this, nurses across the world have themselves used social media to promote the reality of their highly skilled modern roles as part of the pandemic response, to an unusually engaged public. We, therefore, ask: how has nurses’ expressions of their profession through social media changed in response to the COVID-19 pandemic, and how does that influence our understandings of changing models of professionalism? We draw on findings from a research project which was ongoing at the outset of the global pandemic, analysing over 600 social media blogs by nurses to understand how they communicate their profession to others. As COVID-19 progressed, we noted changes in the way nurses attempted to explain the complexities of their many and varied clinical skills, increased the frequency of posting pictures of themselves in uniform, and agentically positioned themselves as a key resource in the pandemic response. We subsequently engaged in additional data collection of over 600 nurses’ social media blogs and posts in ‘real time’, to gain insight into a professional group’s use of social media before, during, and potentially after, a time of crisis. Through comparative analysis of over 1200 articles of social media content, we identified three key areas in which nurses’ communication has changed: past, present and future professional identity; professional work; and professional leadership. We propose the COVID-19 pandemic has the potential to influence models of professionalism, as groups which have not traditionally been at the forefront of public consciousness with regard to health system leadership, now take centre stage through social media. We suggest the pandemic acts as a transitory, formative space through which such professional groups are able to shift public perceptions about their identity, work and potential leadership, leveraging increased influence over more powerful organizational and political actors. We explore the potential implications of shifting models of professionalism, and set out a research agenda to further enhance understandings of how under-represented professional groups may communicate, perpetuate or change perceptions of their profession through agentic use of social media platforms. 7. Coordinating major system change in Colombia's health services in response to COVID-19 Simon Turner and Natalia Niño, University of los Andes, Bogotá, Colombia Coronavirus (COVID-19) is posing a major and unprecedented challenge to health service planning and delivery across health systems internationally (Wang et al. 2020). Early evidence from Asian economies (Hong Kong, Singapore, and Japan) coping with COVID-19 suggests that "integration of services in the health system and across other sectors amplifies the ability to absorb and adapt to shock" (Legido-Quigley et al. 2020, p.849). However, local evidence is needed in order to contextualize and implement potential lessons for responding to COVID-19 in relation to other health systems. The changes required by health systems to address the challenges posed by COVID-19 will be analysed using a social science concept, "major system change", that the lead author has used to examine other forms of service-wide change (e.g. stroke service centralization) (Turner et al. 2016). Major system change in health care involves coordinated change across multiple organizations, including providers and purchasers of services, across a metropolitan area or region with the aim of improving services across an entire geographical area (Best et al. 2012). There is an emerging literature on barriers and enablers of change involving multiple organizations, some of which have been distilled into a framework of ´simple rules´ for guiding improvement work (Best et al. 2012; Turner et al. 2016). These include involving stakeholders inside and outside the health service, combining top-down and bottom-up leadership, creating feedback loops, and learning from history or past experiences. However, little is known about how navigating major system change is influenced by a context of 'crisis' decision-making, characterized by time pressure, complexity and uncertainty (t'Hart et al. 1993), and constraints on the evidence base for, and available resources to, implement change. This contribution will explore major system change in the context of a national qualitative study, funded by Colombia's Ministry of Science, Technology and Innovation, of the response to COVID-19 in Colombia, an upper middle-income country in Latin America. Colombia faces particular challenges in coordinating its response to system-wide problems like COVID-19. While the need for multi-disciplinary and multi-sectoral care is recognised (Law 1438/2011), there remains a lack of system leadership and coordination (Rodríguez-Villamizar et al. 2016, 2017). Specific organizational problems that need to be overcome to improve integration are (a) improving the capacity of specialist services to meet demand from critically ill and other types of patient affected by COVID-19 and (b) coordinating a variety of individual health service organizations and municipalities in the planning and delivery of services at local and national level. Thus, enabling integration to create the 'adaptive capacity' (Legido-Quigley et al. 2020) of suggested importance to Asian countries' response to COVID-19 may be particularly challenging and will require active intervention. This contribution will draw on findings from a qualitative study of responses to COVID-19 at the local health level within Colombia. Key themes being explored by the study include how different professions understand and participate in change processes; organizational processes including orientations toward collaboration with other organizations both within and beyond the health service in responding to COVID-19; and how the regulation and culture of the health system locally and nationally shapes the approach to, and implementation, of major system change in relation to COVID-19. The contribution will appraise the relevance of the concept of major system change in a context of 'crisis' decision-making and contribute to international lessons on improving health systems' capacity to respond to COVID-19 and future pandemics. 8. Dancing with a Virus: Finding new Rhythms of Organizing and Caring in Dutch Hospitals Iris Wallenburg, Bert de Graaff & Roland Bal, Erasmus University Rotterdam, Netherlands From early March 2020, hospitals in the Netherlands have faced an inflow of severely ill patients infected with SARS-CoV-2. The unfolding political and organizational response ensued a yet unknown organizational order imbued with professional and organizational uncertainties, ranging from a loss of the clinical gaze—i.e. physicians and nurses being confronted with an unknown clinical picture who couldn’t rely on their clinical (tacit) knowledge and routines anymore—to scarcity of personal protective equipment and uncertainty about the financial consequences of reprofiling and repurposing existing services (Bal, de Graaff et al. 2020). Hospitals quickly turned into crisis-organizations, developing new organizational routines to keep up with the demand surge of Covid-patients—whilst (at least temporarily) letting go of regular health services as well as of ‘old’ quality standards, routines, professional values and institutional arrangements. In this paper, we study how hospitals in the Netherlands engage in organizing and delivering care in times of Covid-19, in particular how they work with the different temporal orders of the (anticipated) crisis and the emergent organizational responses. Within the organizing literature, time and temporal structures are depicted as processes that give rhythm and form and hence stability to everyday work practices (e.g. Orlikowski and Yates 2002). Disruption of these normal temporal orders requires synchronization and repair work, aligning different rhythms of work (Henke 1999, Bruyninckx 2017). In case of the Covid-19 outbreak, however, disruption becomes normal as the crisis unfolds and the virus develops its own rhythm in being more or less present, while organizations seek to find a rhythm in responding to and engaging with the virus and disease symptoms. We conceptualize this process of engaging with the virus and emerging organizational needs as ‘a dance of agency’ (Pickering 2012) in which the virus is ‘the other’ requiring organizational efforts and that must be moved with in a fluid and open-ended manner to find solutions to emerging issues. We build on an extensive (and ongoing) ethnographic study in one university hospital that played a key role in the Dutch Corona crisis. As embedded researchers, we were able to study the crisis ‘from within’ through non-participatory observations of, and interviews with, crisis-management teams from the start of the crisis onwards. In addition, we conducted semi-structured interviews with nurse managers and nurses in four other hospitals in the Netherlands, interrogating them about the impact of the crisis on care provision and how hospitals organize and account for the care delivered. We provide a layered and in-depth account of how hospital organizations improvise and establish new organizational rhythms of organizing and providing care in uncertain times. 9. Will the “new” become the “normal”? Exploring Sustainability of Rapid Health System Transformations Carolyn Steele Gray, MA PhD (corresponding author) University of Toronto, Canada James Shaw, PT, PhD, University of Toronto Walter P. Wodchis, PhD, University of Toronto Kerry Kuluski, PhD, University of Toronto Paul Wankah, MD, MSc, Université de Sherbrooke Mylaine Breton, PhD, Université de Sherbrooke G. Ross Baker, PhD, University of Toronto Nick Zonneveld, Msc, University of Tilburg, The Netherlands Henk Nies, PhD, University of Amsterdam, The Netherlands Mirella Minkman, PhD, Vilans, centre of excellence for long-term care, The Netherlands Abstract Health, social and community care agencies are undergoing rapid changes in response to the COVID-19 pandemic. Arguably we are facing a “window of opportunity” in which “there is a heightened probability that efforts to alter a system state will be more likely to succeed” [1]. Some leaders for system transformation efforts seeking to improve integration of health and social care services are taking advantage of this window, hoping the changes put in place will advance, rather than upend, years of effort [2]. While there is an opportunity to progress integrated care, changes made in a turbulent environment may be unsustainable. The crisis literature cautions that in time compressed environments the emphasis is often on short-term needs, rather than longer term goals[3], which can have lasting long-term institutional impacts[4]. In addition, a major crisis like the pandemic creates economic and social dislocations which can limit the ability of systems to respond effectively. Thus despite efforts of systems to respond rapidly, questions remain regarding how this moment in time will impact the trajectory of transformation for integrated care initiatives. This paper presents a theoretical framework and short case reports to explore whether rapid changes made in response to COVID-19: 1) advance integrated care and; 2) are likely to be sustained over time. The Dynamic Sustainability Framework (DSF) [5] has been widely adopted to guide research and practice on sustainable adoption of new interventions. Taking a dynamic view of sustainability, DSF suggests interventions need to consistently adapt to fit with a changing environment. Disaster response/emergency theories argue that an assessment of the environment requires attention to pre and post disaster contexts to understand adoption and sustainability of interventions. This paper presents a blended theoretical approach, bringing together the DSF with Brundiers and Eakin’s work from the disaster/response literature. The proposed framework is applied to three cases from different jurisdictions to demonstrate applicability and suggest future research. The three selected cases capture some of the more prominent shifts occurring internationally. These jurisdictions were all undergoing transformation towards integrated health and social are service delivery prior to the start of the COVID-19 pandemic. Case #1: Digitization/rapid virtualization in Ontario, Canada Case #2: New partnerships occurring in Dutch Hills, Netherlands Case #3: New accountability and governance structures in Quebec, Canada This paper offers a theoretical contribution by bringing together health services and organizational behaviour literatures on sustainability with the literature on disaster/emergency response. The brief case reports illustrate the proposed relationships between components of the framework, and offer an early exploration of how rapid responses during a pandemic may, or may not, have lasting impact on systems that were seeking to shift towards greater integrated care delivery. While the cases focus on integrated care efforts, the theoretical grounding of this work may have wider applications to help others explore whether COVID-19 responses may lead to sustainable change over time. This framework will be tested through in-depth prospective comparative case studies. 10. Reflecting the Clinical Gaze: Necropolitical Moments in a Pandemic Professor Joanne Travaglia and Dr Hamish Robertson, University of Technology Sydney, Australia Early on in the COVID-19 crisis, it became clear that health systems were not prepared to cope with the anticipated demand for acute services. Faced with the need to ration care, guidelines were issued by national bodies, and clinicians encouraged patients to exercise their right of control over their lives, and possible death. Yet unlike in previous crises, for example Hurricane Katrina in the USA, disquiet began to emerge early on. Examined through the lens of Mbembe’s 2003/2017 framework of necropolitics, the state’s right to decide who may live and who must die, these decisions and guidelines can be seen in a very different light. Across the world reports have emerged about the implications of health systems attempts at prioritising care. In most cases prioritisation favoured young, well and non-disabled bodies. The rationale was that such people had a better chance of surviving. Underpinning this argument was the belief that the fairest way to allocate limited health resources is to allocate them to people where they would not be ‘wasted’. This argument is seductive, not least of all because it reads as rational, impartial and objective. This approach belies the fact that it makes vulnerable individuals and groups even more vulnerable, reinforcing the inequities associated with the social determinants of health. Feminist bioethicists have argued that capitalist systems have a deep antipathy towards dependent people. As so few healthcare systems are resourced to the level of actual population health need, they are rife with implicit and explicit narratives about the need to ration resources. We know that access to healthcare is inequitable even without a pandemic because healthcare systems reflect our social structures and their associated inequalities. The consequences of a pandemic scenario for people whose lives are already precarious may be especially serious. Deep seated inequities are frequently exacerbated during emergency situations as in the case of COVID-19. In Britain, the National Institute for Health and Care Excellence’s first release of COVID-19 critical care guidelines (later revised) disadvantaged patients with learning disabilities and autism. In Wales there were reports of care homes placing do not resuscitate (DNR) orders on the files of elderly patients without proper consultation. In Australia and elsewhere there were reports of General Practitioners ‘encouraging’ elderly patients to sign DNR orders so that they would not end up being ‘burdens’ on strained healthcare systems. While there may be no definitive answer to the question of who should survive, when it comes to choosing who will survive and who is likely to die, we need to consider how health systems and societies both historically and currently value and protect different patients. In this paper we will explore the risks to the vulnerable during times of crises, and the response to these risks during COVID19. We do this by focusing on the necropolitical dimensions of healthcare systems both in ‘business as usual’ and in crisis situations. 11. Covid-19 and the flexibility of bureaucracy Kirstine Zinck Pedersen and Paul du Gay, Copenhagen Business School, Denmark Bureaucracy is commonly associated with a lack of the responsiveness, flexibility and innovative capability necessary for an organization to change rapidly when needed. However, with the Covid-19 crisis, we have seen large professional bureaucracies such as hospitals be able to change their organization, retrain their staff, establish new physical facilities, and introduce new guidelines, technologies and safety procedures with an astonishing speed. We have also seen ad hoc project teams, praised for their agility and innovative capacities, such as the Covid-19 crisis response team run by President Trump’s son-in-law, Jared Kushner in the USA, fail abysmally to achieve any of their core tasks. While some might continue to suggest that flexibility is a product of de-bureaucratization, we argue the opposite in this paper. Based on interviews with Danish healthcare managers and clinicians, we show how rapid and flexible responses during the Covid 19 crisis were linked to classic bureaucratic features such as clear lines of command, visible hierarchies, formalization, authority based on expertise and office-holding, and a focus towards the duties, purposes and ethics of office as the driving mobilizing force in making the reorganizations happen. 12. The temporal dimensions of health technology adoption during the Covid-19 pandemic: revisiting innovation theory to consider implications for health services and research Jean Ledger, UCL, UK Traditionally, innovation theory has focused on variable adoption timescales. In Rogers’1 seminal and socially framed concept of diffusion, innovations take time to spread through communication channels and social networks. New ideas may be taken up more rapidly, but this is due to their specific attributes and the actions of dedicated ‘opinion leaders’ and innovation champions. During the Covid-19 pandemic, however, timescales have been drastically shortened across the board with the fast uptake of digital technologies by health care providers, such as online consultations in primary and secondary care, driven by the necessity of physical distancing and protecting vulnerable members of the public. A global pandemic has therefore created an atypical innovation adoption context resulting in radical shifts in health service delivery. Practical problems that require urgent remedy have temporarily displaced many of the implementation barriers to service innovation cited in the health and organisational literature, such as cultural or professional resistance and a lack of incentives. In this paper, we revisit Rogers’ diffusion of innovation theory and recent service innovation frameworks2 in light of examples of digital health adoption in the UK, analysing how certain ‘high compatibility’ _digital health solutions have experienced an expedited rate of adoption. We suggest this is because, in the context of the pandemic, the combination of technological utility and user needs has created an ideal tipping point for digital tools to address system, organisational and professional problems. Of theoretical interest, the role of individual change agents, which is strongly emphasised in Rogers’ original theory, has arguably become less central during Covid-19 compared to collective decision making at organisational and national levels, cooperation, and dedicated resources to support staff. We reflect on the prospect that certain digital health solutions that are less complex and confer observable benefits to health professionals and patients are likely to be sustained longer term, opening up new digital care service models and shifting workflows. Finally, we consider implications for the health services research community and whether certain assumptions about the temporal dimensions of innovation adoption should be revisited. 13. What and whose science are the government following? The organisation of scientific advice to government in the COVID-19 response. Richard Gleave, Public Health England, UK “We are following the science” is one of the standard lines used by government ministers in explaining their policy decisions on the response to COVID-19. However both empirical studies and social theory have shown that science cannot be conceived as a single version of objective truth that enables unambiguous advice to be given to decision-makers that can then be universally implemented. The media and public discourse during the pandemic has exposed the contested nature of science and the associated challenge of evidence-based policy and practice (Bacevic 2020). In addition there has been an unprecedented spotlight on the scientists and the scientific organisations that provide this advice ((Winter 2020) (Elliot 2020)). This paper will combine empirical data from the auto-ethnographic contemporaneous data collection of a senior manager working for Public Health England with organisational and public policy theory to show that the organisation of the production of scientific advice has been a significant factor in making the key policy decisions and their implementation. It will focus on two crucial elements on the organisation of scientific advice to government - the organisation of knowledge about COVID-19 and the organisation of advice-giving. Firstly because advice is based on knowledge and because COVID-19 is a novel infection, the usual body of scientific research about the virus and the disease does not exist and so knowledge to inform policy and practice making is partial and emergent. Even though empirical studies question the extent to which policy can ever be evidence-based ((Boswell 2018; Oliver et al. 2014)), the lack of conventional scientific research on COVID-19 means that other sorts of knowledge have been privileged in the pandemic. Using theories and frameworks of evidence-based policy and practice ((Nutley, Walter, and Davies 2003; Smith 2013; Cairney 2016)), the alignment and tensions between epidemiological data, modelling, international comparative experience, expert opinion, story-telling and other sources of knowledge at crucial stages of the pandemic response will be explored. Secondly the advice is given by multiple actors. The landscape of advice-givers includes a panoply of formal advisers and advisory organisations and a range of informal channels largely from the individual scientific commentator but also with embryonic informal organisational entities forming (Vaughan 2020). SAGE, NERVTAG and PHE, Chris Whitty, Patrick Vallance and Neil Fergusson have visible identities in the media. The legitimacy of the advice and advice-giver leads to competition and collaboration between organisational and individual actors which will be analysed using the concept of the “field” as developed in neo-institutional theory ((Scott 1994), (Zietsma et al. 2017)) and by Bourdieu (Bourdieu 1993). Never before has the machinery of providing scientific advice been so directly in the spotlight and this paper will explore the wider organisational issues that arise from this focus within the response to a global pandemic. 14. Organisational learning and educational intervention in COVID-19 (Title check?) Paula Rowland – Wilson Center, University of Toronto Decisions to re-purpose and re-profile health services in response to the COVID-19 pandemic have mobilized a watershed of educational and training needs for health care providers from a wide range of professions. In Ontario, Canada, this re-organisation proceeded through two phases in the early stages of the pandemic. The first reorganisation of work was in preparation for a surge of critically ill patients. This reorganisation created a collection of continuing education (CE) interventions, related to “upskilling” and “reskilling” a cascade of health care providers into successively more acute settings of care. When this surge did not manifest, it became apparent that long term care centres were enormously vulnerable to COVID-19 outbreaks. The CE apparatus shifted abruptly, now providing training for health care providers (and members of the Canadian Armed Forces) to provide care in these community-based settings. These two CE responses were rapidly mediated through a complex series of negotiations between health care organizations, educational institutes, professional associations, unions, professional regulatory bodies, and the provincial Ministry. Throughout this process, high stakes questions about knowledge, standards, governance, and jurisdiction were actively contested at a rapid pace. Tensions related to ethics, accountability, and responsibility manifested in the design, delivery and financial support of these CE interventions. Further, discrepancies between the power and privileges of the various professions, their governing relationships with health care organisations, and their status as “essential” to the COVID-19 effort were revealed. These contestations were largely in private (virtual) meetings, but also spilled over into public debates and documents shared more broadly on social media and organizational websites. In this chapter, we will use Abbott’s theorizing on systems of professions to sensitize our analysis of these educational responses to rapid re-organisation of care in one Canadian province. This will involve text analysis of publicly available documents within a single bounded case consisting of: an academic teaching hospital, affiliated educational institutions, the governing provincial ministry and various regulatory bodies and professional associations for the professions most implicated in the COVID-19 response (medicine, nursing, respiratory therapy, physiotherapy, and personal support workers). We will collect texts and statements related to requirements around CE, scopes of practice, accreditation of educational offerings, content of educational offerings, and assessment practices related to education. In these moments of crisis and rapid response, we argue that CE acts as a mediating intervention between the professions and their newly transformed worksites. Our focus on CE responses to re-organisations of care provides an analytical window into these larger system dynamics. Further, these negotiations are taking place in worksites and in the public sphere, both enormously consequential arenas for determining the legitimacy and jurisdictional domains for each of the professions. The ways these controversies have been understood, navigated, and temporarily resolved have implications for the future of health care professions. To that end, we aim to contribute to a broader theorization of the professions in health care, particularly related to changing conceptualizations of professionalism, the role of professions in society, and the relationships between professions and health service organizations. 15. Exploring professional and hierarchical modes of organizing and their effects on inter-entity coordination processes and operational effectiveness: the case of French public hospitals during the sanitary outbreak Olivier Saulpic and Philippe Zarlowski, ESCP Business School, France During the sanitary outbreak in France, media interviews of medical practitioners and further anecdotal evidence seem to indicate that operational processes in public hospitals have been reorganized quickly across medical services and departments. This has enabled hospitals to operate effectively in a transversal mode, while the administration teams have been placed in a supporting role, to facilitate patient management and care activity in the hospitals. If it were confirmed, the change in the internal governance of operations in French public hospitals, and its effects, would offer a stark contrast with the organization and performance of hospitals before the crisis. Since the implementation of the French DRG-system in France and the implementation of the “new governance” for public hospitals (2006-08), recurring questions have been raised about the efficacy and unintended, detrimental effects of these reforms. The reforms have instituted new accountability mechanisms in public hospitals. Notably, they have created medical divisions, headed by doctors who report to the administrative executive team of the hospital. At the same time, as the new DRG-system enables the calculation of operating incomes at the level entities within the hospital, the internal performance management and measurement systems (PMMS) have been focused on the achievement of economic targets set for each medical division in a hierarchical, management by objective mode of organizing. Research projects on the implementation of the new management system in public hospitals and its effects, together with reports commissioned by French public authorities have documented that the reform did not lead to the anticipated levels of transformation and effectiveness in operational processes and care pathways. On the contrary, analyses tend to indicate that the new PMMSs would not facilitate, or would even constrain, inter-division coordination. The new organization may facilitate the mutualization of resources and the coordination processes within a division. However, it may also focus actors’ attention on the local performance of their division, and the executive team of a division has few incentives, if any, to coordinate with other actors to improve the care pathways. Indeed, in the hierarchical accountability system, inter-divisional processes entail the complex negotiation of transfer prices and internal billings between divisions in a client-supplier mode. During the sanitary outbreak, financial constraints and the focus on economic performance objectives have been released and medical practitioners have been placed at the center of decision-making processes, introducing a temporary shift from a hierarchical medico-economic logic to a more professionally driven model. While the focus on a single, urgent priority can contribute to explain the improvement in the hospital’s’ operational efficiency during the outbreak, it remains interesting to explore the proposition that the change in the internal governance of hospitals has also contributed to their efficiency and facilitated the coordination between entities. We also wish to try to understand the conditions under which this change could be sustained. To that end, we plan to conduct interviews with doctors heading entities in three public hospitals in Paris. These interviews will aim to document examples of reorganization and new operating modes involving cooperation between entities, as well as the structures and decision-making processes that underpinned them. We also intend to analyze how they differ from the previous situation and whether this can contribute to account for the effectiveness of operations and inter-entity coordination during the time of the crisis, and to understand the conditions for their continuation beyond the crisis. Through our contacts in public hospitals in France, we have already secured that doctors heading medical entities which were at the center of patients’ pathways during the outbreak will agree to participate in interviews, before or during the summer. 16. Organisation behaviour for understanding and assisting healthcare response to covid 19 outbreak and beyond John Ovretveit, Director of Research, Professor of Health Improvement, Implementation and Evaluation, Medical Management Centre, The Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden From an organisations systems perspective the covid- 19 outbreak was not a single emergency event but an evolving process with an ”emergent response” as services adapted to daily changes in information, demand and supply of resources. This article reports methods and early findings from a rapid implementation active research project into the emergency response of stockholm healthcare to the pandemic. One set of findings were that three emergent responses with different organisation and systems were undertaken corresponding to the three timescales of illness demand: emergency, resurgence, and upsurge of chronic mental and physical health. These responses need to be managed separately to, but coordinated with, existing routine service operations. In dynamic situations the most effective type of response is an emergent data-driven iterative adaptive response. Implementation science discovers and applies strategies that are effective for implementing such responses and interventions for more effective clinical practice and service delivery. The article considers how to develop one stream of organisation behaviour research practice and theory to enable and evaluate responses to infectious disease outbreaks

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Book SynopsisThis two-volume book examines the most important global problem—the recovery of the social-economic crises due to the COVID-19 pandemic. This economic crisis has its own basis and differs from others by the lockdown of most businesses on the decision of authorities. The uncertainty of the future economic revival obliges scientists around the world to unite in search of effective solutions that will become the basis for prosperity and human wellbeing. The death of millions of people around the world, several waves of coronavirus, and a global pandemic have forced most states to seek extraordinary measures to save people and revive economic activity. The world economy experienced a global shock, probably never experienced before due to lockdowns. The disruptions and gaps in the value chains were primarily caused by the lockdowns of enterprises. The change in the essence of the economic crisis has raised the question of how to overcome it and revive economic activity. The crisis caused a sharp decline in incomes of the population around the world, which led to social upheavals. Post-COVID economic revival in a globalized world has become the most important problem of our time. This book offers contributions of authors from different countries and explores problem solving in the fields of public administration (Volume I, Part I), financial services (Volume I, Part II), different branches (Volume II, Part III) and the social sector (Volume II, Part IV). The second volume of the book is devoted problems in sectors of the economy, such as agriculture, tourism, aircraft, the automotive industry, electricity, culture, etc. The second part of the second volume examines trends in the revival in the social sector—medicine, pharmaceuticals, the labor market and social insurance. Despite the fact that the book is divided into two volumes and four parts, a holistic and systematic perception of the new reality of the post-COVID age can be obtained by reading the entire book. This book will be of interest to academics and practitioners in public administration and economics, particularly those who are interested in Post-COVID economic revival.Table of ContentsChapter 27: Post-COVID revival: economy and society.- Part III: Markets at Post-COVID Age.- Chapter 28: The National Technological Initiative of Russia Project Implementation as a Basis for the Development of Perspective Technological Markets and Industries in Russia.- Chapter 29: Opportunities and Prospects for Transition to Post-COVID Circular Economy.- Chapter 30: Disposal of Medical Waste in the COVID-19 and the post-COVID period.-Chapter 31: Pricing in the Context of Structural Modernization in Post-COVID Economy.- Chapter 32: The Impact of COVID-19 on Agriculture.- Chapter 33: Economic Mechanisms of Regulation of Innovative Industrial Technologies in the Post-COVID Age.- Chapter 34: Post-lockdown Flights: New Strategies for Civil Aircraft Manufacturers and Airlines.- Chapter 35: China's Electricity Market Reform in the Post-COVID Era.- Chapter 36: Creative Industries: a Review of the Effects of the COVID-19 Pandemic.- Chapter 37: Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on the Housing and Construction Markets.- Chapter 38: The Use of Artificial Intelligence in Automation of Planning and Operational Management of Organizational and Technical Systems in the COVID-19 Pandemic.- Chapter 39: The Changing Role of the Internal Audit of the Transport Facility in the Post-COVID Period.- Chapter 40: The Economic Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on the Russian Automotive Industry.- Chapter 41: Tourism at the Post-COVID Age.- Part IV: Social Development at Post-COVID Age.- Chapter 42: Influence of COVID-19 on Healthcare System.- Chapter 43: Government Protection of Both Parties in the Operation of the Post-Epidemic Labor Market in China.- Chapter 44: Flexible Employment Development in Post-COVID Economic Revival.- Chapter 45: The Impact and Response of Artificial Intelligence on Labor Market in Post-Epidemic Era.- Chapter 46: The Impact of the Coronavirus Pandemic on the Healthcare System in Poland.- Chapter 47: Back to the (Ab)normality: Eastern-European Labor Markets after Pandemic.- Chapter 48: Health Insurance Problems of Unknown Infections.- Chapter 49: The Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on the Labor Market in Poland.- Chapter 50: Analytical Review of the Market for COVID-19 Vaccines: Production, Cost, and Distribution.- Chapter 51: Judicial Institutions and Legal Services in the Post-COVID Period.

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Book SynopsisThis book offers an overview of service design practices for healthcare and hospital management. It explores how these practices can help to generate innovations in healthcare and contribute to the improvement of patient-centered care. Respected experts, including scholars from various disciplines and practitioners from healthcare institutions, share essential insights into established research areas, fields of work and work structures, and discuss successful approaches, methods and tools. By illustrating innovative services, products, processes, systems, and technologies, as well as their application in practice, the authors highlight the role of participating stakeholders in service design projects and the added value that comes from sharing, communicating, networking and collaborating. This book is a must-read for scholars and practitioners in the hospital and healthcare sector. It will also appeal to anyone interested in organizational development, service business model innovation, customer involvement and perceptions, and service experience.Table of ContentsChapter 1: Service Design within a Multiplicity Logics in Healthcare.- Chapter 2: Service design for hybrid market constellations in healthcare - From VUCA 2 VUCAR.- Chapter 3: Towards a conceptual framework of hybrid strategies in healthcare: Co-alignment of market and non-market activities.- Chapter 4: When the patient innovates Emerging practices in service ecosystems.- Chapter 5: Negotiating Care through Tangible Tools and Tangible Service Designing in Emergent Public Health Service Ecosystems.- Chapter 6: A Speculation for the Future of Service Design in Healthcare: Looking through the Lens of a Speculative Service Design Framework.- Chapter 7: Crossing asymmetries in multistakeholder service design in integrated care.

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Book SynopsisThis 2-volume set focuses on adolescent health in the Middle East and North Africa region (MENA), and presents the latest research on the health risk behaviours and social behaviours that adolescents from the MENA region engage in. While there has been a surge in peer-reviewed research publications on population health in the MENA region in the last couple of decades, very few books offer a resource to address the diverse negative influences that disproportionately affect adolescents and children in the MENA region, including increased tobacco consumption culture, low emphasis on physical activity, increased sedentary behaviours, weak health policies, and societal issues related to displacement and political conflicts. These books offer a synthesis of current knowledge on adolescent health issues in the MENA region, and aim to provide evidence-informed adolescent health care practices that address current issues related to mental, physical, reproductive and nutritional health. Volume 1 focuses on mental health in the MENA region, the development and implementation of youth friendly public policies, and how to strategize in the age of COVID-19. The study will aid health care professionals, policy makers, government organizations and health program planners to assess current policies and practices related to adolescent health in the MENA region, and to identify the best courses of action moving forward. Table of Contents1-Adolescent Mental Health in the MENA Region and the link with Policy and Programming.- 2-There is no Health Without Mental Health: The Middle East and North Africa.- 3-A Silent Epidemic of Depression among Adolescents in the Middle East and North Africa Region: Emerging Tribulation.- 4-Understanding mental illness stigma in Arab youths’ everyday lives.- 5-Developing and Implementing Youth Friendly Public Policies: A perspective into the Arab Region.- 6-Adolescent health in Saudi Arabia: Policy dimensions.- 7-Health Policies of Adolescents in the Middle East and North Africa: What Works, What Doesn’t, and How Do We Strategize in the Age COVID-19?.

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Book SynopsisThese days, the idea of “value” is at the center of many activities and decisions in health care in the United States. While there exist books that detail the technical steps for how to carry out a specific type of value assessment, such as cost-effectiveness or return on investment, there are few that attempt to teach healthcare professionals how to think about value. This book provides a deeper understanding of value as a concept as well as an endeavor (as in, to determine or uncover the value of care) within the healthcare industry by illustrating the different components of value that should guide decision-making processes for policy, infrastructure, and quality improvement. Through an exploration of theories of economics and implementation science, as well as practical suggestions for real-world applications, this text provides a foundation for the long and complicated “value” journey the US has bet its entire healthcare system on. In the US, policy to promote what is referred to as “value-based care” is here to stay. As we move forward within this construct, we need to move beyond the over-simplified definition of value as “quality per dollar spent” to a more functional framework for how to think about value that can adapt to different circumstances and points of view. Only then will it be possible to compare value across settings, conditions, and activities.The book consists of 9 chapters organized in four sections: Part I: Understanding the Challenges of Assessing the Value of Health Care Part II: A Primer on Fundamental Concepts and Current Techniques Used to Measure Value in Health Care Part III: A Discussion of the Real-world Motivations and Requirements that Should be Contemplated when Exploring Value Part IV: How to Design and Perform a Value Assessment Practical Strategies to Assess Value in Health Care is an essential resource for healthcare professionals at all levels and points of care who are interested in understanding how best to assess and interpret value for a particular situation including providers, administrators, payers, insurers, health plans, and policy-makers.Table of ContentsChapter 1. Introduction. Part I: Understanding the Challenges of Assessing the Value of Health Care Chapter 2. Challenge One: Complexity. Chapter 3. Challenge Two: Continuity. Chapter 4. Challenge Three: Lack of Consistency. Part II: A Primer on Fundamental Concepts and Current Techniques Used to Measure Value in Health Care Chapter 5. Key Economic Concepts and Their Implications. Chapter 6. Current Methods of Value Assessments. Part III: A Discussion of the Real-world Motivations and Requirements that Should be Contemplated when Exploring Value. Chapter 7. Practical and Human Considerations. Part IV How to Design and Perform a Value Assessment Chapter 8. The Value Assessment Framework. Chapter 9. Examples and Practical Suggestions

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Book Synopsis2020 introduced a global pandemic that led to global economic, social, and regional lockdowns affecting public life in ways never been imagined before. This book takes a look at how researchers from fields encompassing economics and political science, along with thought leaders in business and economic policy, experienced the crises themselves as experts in their field, as well as from a personal viewpoint. Most importantly, however, it looks into the future how entrepreneurship and economic policies may change and positively influence the societies and the economy after the pandemic. Keeping in mind that, with climate change and the digital revolution, change was already around the corner and inevitable, renowned economic and policy experts are asked for their assessment of future roads and feasible economic policies. The book follows the chronology of the pandemic and focuses on leading researchers and thought leaders in public policy and business. An introduction to each chapter describes the context particular to the contributing author when the pandemic struck and their own reactions, experiences, and insights triggered by the emerging pandemic. Table of ContentsThe Journey: Navigating the COVID-19 Crisis.- Part I: The Future is Risky and Entrepreneurial.- Resilience Is the New Competitive.- Depths of Change: Ranging from Clubhouse to Game Changer.- Oxygenating Innovation? The Not-So-Brave New World of COVID-19?.- Part II: Economies Under Pressure: Challenges for the Future After the COVID-19 Crisis.- COVID-19, Schumpeter, and the Size of the Market.- COVID-19 Crisis: Modernization Push at the Macroeconomic and Firm Level, Providing for Not So Disparate Opportunities and Challenges for Majors and Start-Ups.- Entrepreneurship and Economic Resilience in Times of Crisis: Insights from the COVID-19 Pandemic.- Business Angel Investing During the COVID-19 Pandemic.- Part III: Reflecting on the Future of Entrepreneurship Research: Diversity and Impact After the COVID-19 Crisis.- Dreaming of a Different Future.- Editorial Quandaries During the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Personal Exposé.- Part IV: Acting Under Uncertainty: Personal Perspectives from Sweden, Egypt and Germany.- My Experiences of the COVID-19 Pandemic So Far.- “Hibernating” in Cairo: COVID-19, as seen from Egypt.- COVID-19 Pandemic Lockdown: The Era of Connection and Creation.- Part V: The Educational Ecosystem for Entrepreneurship: Moving the Digital Way Forward After the COVID-19 Crisis.- Entrepreneurial Intention of Dutch Students During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Are Today’s Students Still Tomorrow’s Entrepreneurs?.- COVID-19: Entrepreneurial Universities and Academic Entrepreneurship.- Internationalization Meets Digitalization: Entrepreneurial Responses in Higher Education to the COVID-19 Pandemic.- The Silver Lining for Pandemic-Era International Education.- The COVID-19 Pandemic as a Catalyst for Digital Entrepreneurship Education: Reflections on a Rapid Transformation of an Educational Ecosystem.

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Book SynopsisThis open access book offers an overview of theories related to simulation and describes different simulation areas within nursing. It illustrates how simulation may be used in different levels in professional education. The book deals with the role of the Simulation Facilitator, peer learning and the use of Virtual Reality in simulation. It provides new insights and paths to the development of the use of simulation within nursing and healthcare and contributes with new knowledge from research and experiences of implementation of different simulating scenarios within nursing and midwifery. It is intended to teachers in nursing and other healthcare professionals with an interest in the use of active learning methods. Table of Contents• Chapter 1Simulation: A historical and pedagogical perspective• Chapter 2How to use simulation as a learning method in bachelor and postgraduate/master education of nurses? (Iben Akselbo, Ingvild Aune)• Chapter 3Facilitating learning activities in postgraduate and master in oncology nursing (Svein Inge Molnes)This chapter deals with the oncology nursing students’ needs of training in seeing the complex situation for the cancer patient. When the patient's situation worsens it is important to act and communicate appropriate with the patient and relatives.• Chapter 4Simulating preoperative preparations with focus on non-technical skills in an OR nursing education program in Norway (Kjersti Natvig Antonsen and Janne Kristin Hofstad).Few studies have identified the non-technical skills of the operating room nurse. Simulation prepares the nurses for complex surgical teamwork in clinical practice. This book-chapter presents a practical guide to simulation with an emphasis on the roles of the operating room nurses and interactions within the team.• Chapter 5 Training Interprofessional Teamwork in Palliative Care: A Pilot study of Online Simulation Activity for Registered Nurses and Nursing Associates (Astrid Rønsen, Randi Beate Tosterud).Successful interdisciplinary teamwork is essential in Palliative Care to achieve quality in patient care. Simulation is usually conduced with participants physically present but because of the COVID 19 pandemic situation, this was not possible. In this chapter we present how the students and facilitators perceived and experienced this transformation to online simulation. • Chapter 6The use of Critical Response Process as a debriefing structure in simulation activity in nursing education (Randi Tosterud, Jon Viktor Haugom). In the use of simulation as a learning approach, the debriefing phase is considered as crucial to achieve learning. In debriefing the participants reflect and discuss what happened in the scenario. Feedback is an important factor, and research show that there must be certain conditions present to achieve learning from feedback. The Simulating Facilitator and the structure used have impact on these conditions. In this chapter we will present a new structure for debriefing in medical simulation and a study focusing how the structure affects the Simulating Facilitator role.• Chapter 7 Learning without a teacher: perceptions of peer-to-peer learning activities in simulation training (Lise Degn, Hanne Selberg, Anne-Lene Rye Marcussen)This chapter reports from a pilot study carried out at Copenhagen University College. In the pilot, 5th semester nursing students were subjected to an intensified simulation intervention, combined with other supporting elements designed to increase collaborative and peer learning. One of the supporting elements was a series of peer-to-peer sessions, where students in small groups trained practical skills for mastery learning. In the chapter, we describe the study and analyze how the students perceive strengths and weaknesses of the peer-to-peer format, and how these perceptions seem to be linked to the students’ perceptions of learning and authority. We discuss how the method may work as a positive addition to simulation training in nursing education and particularly how it contributes to the students’ development of professional identity. • Chapter 8Train the trainer course How can the skills of a facilitator benefit academic staff in nursing and other health education programmes. (Ulrika Eriksson and Astrid Kilvk) As part of the learning process within simulations, the possibilities of feedback are stated as an essential part of promoting learning. Central to this facilitation of learning is the individual Simulation Facilitator. In this chapter, we will take a closer look at what a Simulation Facilitator course is, what distinguishes a facilitator from a teacher, the importance of a common language and framework and what side effects the Simulator Facilitator competence can have for teachers in academia. • Chapter 9Playful learning with VR- SIMI model- the use of 360-degree video as a learning tool for nursing students in a psychiatric simulation setting (Siri Haugan, Eivind Kværnø, Johnny Sandaker, Jonas Langset Hustad;Gunnar Orn Thordarson)By looking for new fields of visibility, educational institutions can elevate students' perspective and activation so that learning is formed. The potential of 360 video / VR gives the teacher flexibility to create systematic experiential learning, and create emotional learning in collaboration with students. This chapter will provide knowledge about the practical use of 360 video / VR, as well as provide insight into technical potential and challenges. Background on why this method is suitable for promoting nursing students' competence in mental health work will be presented. The chapter's function is to give an introduction and inspire to turn 360 / VR in professional education, especially with a focus on nursing education.• Chapter 10Virtual Reality (VR) in anatomy teaching and learning in higher healthcare education (Katrine Aasekjær, Beate Eltarvåg Gjesdal, Ivar Rosenberg, Lars Peder Vatshelle Bovim, )The chapter will provide knowledge about Virtual Reality, what this is and how VR is used in teaching and learning anatomy using goggles. Definition and knowledge about VR in education will be followed by an explanation of our pedagogical thinking and decision-making when implementing VR as a digital learning resource in the midwifery and radiography program. The chapter will end with an instruction in how to implement VR in healthcare education using examples and experience from our own planning, implementation and use of VR, from both teachers and students’ perspectivesContributors's bio:Ulrika Eriksson, Assistant Professor, emergency nurse and Director for Unit for Healthcare Simulation, at the Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Trondheim, Norway. Her research and teaching areas are simulation, traumatology, adult learning, non- technical skills and crises resource management. She is an Operations Specialist and Simulation Facilitator at unit for healthcare simulation; NTNU. She is an instructor for Simulation Facilitator-courses Astrid Kilvik, Assistant professor, research librarian at the medicine and health library at The Norwegian University of Science and Technology, NTNU. She has responsibility for the library service for the nursing education at the university. From the term beginning 2021 Astrid Kilvik is elected as a member of the Executive Board of EAHIL (European Association for Health Information and Libraries). She has been a board member of SMH (Norwegian Library Association, Section for Medicine and Health) for many years. Hanne Karlsaune, Assistant professor at the bachelor’s in nursing at the Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Trondheim, Norway. She is an Operations Specialist and Simulation Facilitator at unit for healthcare simulation; NTNU. Therese Antonsen, Assistant professor at the bachelor’s in nursing at the Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Trondheim, Norway. She is an Operations Specialist and Simulation Facilitator at unit for healthcare simulation; NTNU. Katrine Aasekjær, Associated professor and midwife at the Western Norway University of Applied Science, Bergen, Norway. She is responsible for the simulation and skill training course at the master programme in midwifery and uses virtual reality in teaching anatomy at the programme. Aasekjær`s research involves developing and use of digital resources in education, focusing on active and collaborative learning. Lars Peder Vatshelle Bovim, Assistant professor and a physiotherapist at the Western Norway University of Applied Science, Bergen, Norway. He is a project manager for virtual reality training room. He has wide experience and competencies in using virtual reality in both teaching and patient follow-up. His research is related to the use of VR in both teaching and patient treatment. Ivar Rosenberg, Project leader at the Western Norway University of Applied Science, Bergen, Norway. He is responsible for the digital training and follow-up of the teaching staff at the faculty of Health and Social Science. He has extensive competencies in digital learning and developing digital learning resources in higher education. Beate Eltarvåg Gjesdal, Assistant professor and PhD student at the Western Norway University of Applied Science, Bergen, Norway. In her PhD thesis she uses VR technology monitoring people with cerebral palsy and their walking function. Gjesdal is also a teacher at her department, using VR in teaching anatomy to students at the radiographic bachelor programme. Randi Tosterud, Associate Professor and intensive care nurse at the Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Gjøvik, Norway. Her doctoral thesis focuses on simulation used as a learning approach in nursing education. Her research interest is development of simulation as a learning approach, especially focusing the debriefing phase and how to facilitate for learner centered and active learning. She has participated in building and developing Centre for Simulation and Patient Safety at NTNU, Gjøvik. She is a Simulation Facilitator and has completed the Advanced TeamSTEPPS® Course (NY, USA). She is an instructor for Simulation Facilitator-courses Jon Viktor Haugom, Assistant professor and intensive care nurse at The Norwegian University of Science and Technology, NTNU, Gjøvik, Norway. As a member of the Simulation team at “Center for simulation and patient safety” NTNU Gjøvik, Haugom has worked as a Simulation Facilitator and Operations Specialist, as well as an instructor for Simulation Facilitator-courses. Astrid Rønsen, Assosiated professor and programme leader in Interdisciplinary Palliative Care for post graduate students at the Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Gjøvik, Norway. She uses simulation as a learning approach in different settings for raising awareness in Interdisciplinary teamwork, communications skills, and relational ethics. At NTNU she is a part of a research group in Education quality. Sven Inge Molnes, Associate professor and programme leader for the postgraduate education in oncolgy nursing at the Norwegian University of Science and Technology NTNU, Ålesund. Areas of expertise and research are subject development at the individual and system level, prehospital, palliative care, spiritual care, pedagogy and mentoring, simulation, quality in education, interprofessional collaboration and welfare technology. He has published several scientific papers about simulation. Kjersti Natvig Antonsen, Assistant professor and operating room nurse at The Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Trondheim, Norway. She is a course coordinator and lecturer at the postgraduate program in operating room nursing, specialization in surgical nursing and surgery, medical and natural sciences. She is an Operations Specialist and Simulation Facilitator at unit for healthcare simulation; NTNU. Janne Kristin Hofstad, Assistant professor and operating room nurse at the Norwegian University of Science and Technology, NTNU, Trondheim, Norway. She is a course coordinator and lecturer at the postgraduate program in operating room nursing, specialization in surgical nursing and surgery, medical and natural Sciences. She is a member of PAFFA research group: Pain and Function after Fast track Arthroplasty at the department of orthopaedic surgery, Trondheim university hospital. Her research area is postoperative pain treatment. She is a Simulation Facilitator at unit for healthcare simulation; NTNU. Siri Haugan, Assistant professor and RN nurse at The Norwegian University of Science and Technology, NTNU, Trondheim, Norway. She teaches and supervises students in the fields of mental health, substance abuse and addiction disorders, as well as sociological perspectives on illness and health. She is an Operations Specialist and Simulation Facilitator at unit for healthcare simulation; NTNU. Eivind Kværnø, intensive care nurse and employed as a Simulation technician at the Simulation Unit, NTNU, Trondheim. He is responsible for running simulations for all studies at the faculty of Nursing. The last 2 years he has been looking at how VR (virtual reality) can be used as a supplement to traditional simulation. He has an interest in how nurses work and learn together in teams, especially in the critical care setting. He is an Operations Specialist and Simulation Facilitator at unit for healthcare simulation; NTNU. Johnny Sandaker, psychiatric nurse, and head of Center for Simulation and Innovation at Innlandet Hospital Trust, Norway. He is a Simulation Facilitator and leads and participates in several VR-projects in collaboration with industry and other hospitals. He is currently an associate member of a VR-research group at Inland Norway University of Applied Sciences Jonas Langset Hustad, Assistant professor and Senior Executive Officer at the Norwegian University of Technology and Science, NTNU. He creates educational media in close collaboration with educators. He completed his Master’s in Film and Video Production, and was the Chief Executive Officer of Brillefilm, a film company specializing in science communication. Lise Degn, Associate Professor in Higher Education Policy at The Danish Centre for Studies in Research and Research Policy, Aarhus University, Denmark. Her work focuses on higher education quality, research and higher education policy and governance. She is currently co-leader of the PIQUED project (Pathways to Quality in Higher Education) and has published in journals such as Higher Education, Studies in Higher Education, International Journal of Academic Development etc. Hanne Selberg, RN, Assistant professor and simulation project manager at the Department of Nursing and Nutrition, University College Copenhagen, Denmark. She is a Simulation Facilitator and has both nationally and internationally been giving presentations on simulation-based training and presented results of projects related to simulation-based teaching. She is co-author on several project reports on simulation and chapters in books on simulation pedagogy. Anne-Lene Rye Markussen, RN, Assistant professor at the department of Nursing and Nutrition, University College Copenhagen, Denmark. She teaches oncology nursing, palliative care and simulation in the nursing education with focus on acute and critical care. She has responsibilities in relation to simulation across the nursing education at the university. She is a Simulation Facilitator and has participated in the planning and intervention part of the PIQUED project.

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Book SynopsisThis volume analyzes group purchasing organizations (GPOs) and pharmacy benefit managers (PBMs) in order to better understand the significant roles that these entities play in the healthcare supply chain. It examines who they contract with, on what terms, and who they represent and answer to while charting their historical development. The analysis reveals that the current roles of both players have historical roots that explain why they behave the way they do. Finally, the book reviews the evidence base on the performance results of these two players. This work fills a void in our understanding about two important and controversial players in the healthcare value chain. Both organizations are cloaked in secrecy — partly by virtue of the private sector contracts they negotiate, partly by virtue of the lack of academic attention. Both play potentially important roles in controlling healthcare costs, albeit using contracting strategies and reimbursement mechanisms that arouse suspicion among stakeholders. This timely text explicates how these organizations arose and evolved to shed more light on how they really operate. Trade Review“Throughout the book, Burns does a nice job ... summaries which still apply today. ... this is an impressive text that will guide readers through the evolution of these two critically important but often under-recognized industries.” (Kevin A. Schulman, Health Affairs, healthaffairs.org, December 1, 2023)Table of ContentsChapter 1 Introduction to the value chaina) What is a value chainb) How does a value chain workc) Value chains versus supply chainsd) Issues with the term “value”e) Balancing cost, quality, and access to innovative products Chapter 2 Introduction to the intermediaries in the healthcare value chaina) Number and range of intermediariesb) MCOs, PBMs, GPOs, wholesalersc) Nagging questions about value added by intermediariesd) Continuing calls and efforts to “dis-intermediate” the intermediaries Chapter 3 Overview of GPOsa) What are GPOsb) Types of GPOs in healthcarec) Goals of GPOsd) Confusing GPOs and IDNs (integrated delivery networks) Chapter 4 History of GPOs (co-authored with David Cassak)a) Early history of groups: 1910-1950sb) Rise of local shared service organizations: 1960s-1970sc) Emergence of contract complianced) Emergence of product portfoliose) Rise of national and regional groups: 1970s-1980sf) Desperately seeking compliance: 1980s-1990sg) Dealing with healthcare reform, capitation, and managed care: 1990sh) Competitive threat posed by IDNs: 1990si) Competitive threat posed by Columbia/HCAj) Group mergers: 1990sk) Aftermath: Consolidated vendors, consolidated buyersl) Value and performance challenges in the new millenniumm) Senate hearings overviewn) Group mergers in the new millenniumo) Growing threat of regional GPOs Chapter 5 Performance of GPOsa) GPO operations and strategyb) Hospital pricesc) Value of group purchasingd) GPO feese) GPO contracting practicesf) GPO customer service and satisfactiong) GPO clinical review processesh) GPO oversight, codes of conduct, and self-regulationi) GPO competition: national and regional Chapter 6 Analysis of Specific GPO Issuesa) Price transparencyb) Exclusionary agreementsc) New market entry and access to innovative technologyd) Differentiation versus commodification of GPOse) Drug shortages Chapter 7 Overview of PBMsa) What are PBMsb) Goals of PBMsc) Range of PBM functions & services to employers/insurersd) Types of PBMs in healthcaree) PBM business modelsf) Types of formularies and feesg) Relationship between MCOs and PBMsh) Direct versus indirect contracting for PBM services by employersi) Growth of PBMs tied to rise of outpatient care and IPAs Chapter 8 History of PBMsa) Early PBMs (PCS, Medco) and claims administration: 1960s-1970sb) Early PBMs (DPS, Pharmacy Gold) as pharmacy departments in staff model HMOsc) Online claims processing and efficient benefits administration: 1980sd) Role of HMOs and PBMs as countervailing power to Big Pharma: 1980se) Rise of mail-order pharmacies: 1980sf) Shift to include cost and clinical controls in 1990s (e.g., tiers)g) Vertical pharma-PBM mergers in early 1990sh) Regulatory and government scrutiny of PBM mergersi) New PBM functions in formulary design, DUR, & disease managementj) Growth of PBM covered lives & growth in pharmaceutical benefits by employersk) Vertical mergers of PBMs with retail pharmacies (Rite Aid-PCS; CVS-Caremark): 1990s and 2000sl) Horizontal consolidation of PBMs (ESI-Medco) in the new millenniumm) Government scrutiny of PBMs as possible source of high drug costsn) PBMs and pay-for-performance models Chapter 9 Performance of PBMsa) Issues in measuring PBM performanceb) Market share trends: script volumes and covered livesc) Prescription drug management indicatorsd) Impact of GPO rebates on Medicare Part D premiumse) Rise in formulary exclusionsf) Trends in out-of-pocket drug spendingg) Trends in employers’ receipt of PBM rebatesh) Trends in percentage change in list and net drug pricesi) Trends and sources of rising PBM profits Chapter 10 Analysis of Specific PBM Issuesa) Uneasy relationship between PBMs and Big Pharmab) Rising drug pricesc) Lack of transparencyd) Insourcing versus outsourcing the PBM functione) Competition for PBM contractsf) Role of PBMs in opioid epidemic

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Book SynopsisAddressing the entire care chain, this book presents the outcomes of advanced research on healthcare operations management based on real-world data and practices in China. It includes hands-on methods and applications in this interdisciplinary research field, which combines healthcare service, operations management, industrial engineering and information technology.The content is divided into three parts, reflecting the entire care chain. The first part discusses the pre-hospital service stage and explores resource deployment problems in emergency medical service, such as ambulance allocation. The second part focuses on inpatient care services, including staffing and task allocation among nurses and doctors based on multi-project management under uncertainties. In addition, a highly promising diagnosis approach is proposed and a specific algorithm is derived on the basis of real-world datasets which can improve the diagnosis accuracy remarkably. In turn, the third part considers the post-hospital service stage, which most often takes place at community hospitals, and provides a quantitative evaluation and optimization of scheduling for tasks and team members for home care services.The book is intended for a broad audience, including students, researchers and practitioners working in various areas of healthcare management, service management, and operations management.Table of Contents1. Introduction to the Healthcare Operations Management.- 2. Research on the Optimal Deployment of First Aid Stations and Ambulances Considering the Temporal and Spatial Stochasticity of Demand.- 3. Improving Diagnostic Accuracy Based on Multiple Cutoff Levels of Multiple Tumour Markers.- 4. Robust Optimisation for Multiple Medical Service Project Scheduling Considering the Uncertainty of Activity Durations and Resource Allocation.- 5. Study on Home Care Scheduling with Considerations of the Patient Satisfaction and Operation Costs.

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Book SynopsisThis book is a comprehensive guide to leadership in healthcare and the management of complex clinical scenarios in the medical or dental practice. Training in leadership and hospital management is not part of the curriculum and so guidance is often not provided in depth.This book outlines strategies for dealing with the management problems that arise in the healthcare profession, and it prepares the reader for interviews, examinations and the supervision of a team. It opens with an overview of the NHS, its evidence-based practice and healthcare regulations. Subsequent chapters discuss data protection, management of new business cases, formal complaints and inappropriate use of social media. Information is provided on the recruitment of new junior trainees, the management of underperforming allied health professionals, and the handling of injuries sustained at work. This book is ideal for final-year medical and dental undergraduate students, foundation year doctors, core trainees, junior and senior specialists and newly-appointed consultants.Table of ContentsPart 1: The management, structure and function of the Na-tional Health Service.- 1. The structure of the NHS in England.- 2. Quality, efficiency and value in the NHS.- 3. Evidence-based practice in the NHS.- 4. Healthcare Regulation in the United Kingdom.- 5. Staffing in the NHS.- 6. Ethical practice and Medico-legal themes in the NHS.- 7. Clinical effectiveness and clinical audit.- 8. Trainee performance and assessment in the NHS.- 9. Clinical risk management in the NHS.- 10. Data protection and freedom of information.- . Part B:Management scenarios.- 11. Management of an underperforming allied health professional.- 12. Management of an injury sustained at work.- 13. Management of clinical incidents at work.- 14. Justifying existing levels of care.- 15. Management of a suspected victim of physical abuse.- 16. Management of a breach of data confidentiality.- 17. Management of a formal complaint.- 18. Management of a contaminated needlestick injury.- 19. Management of staff with repeated episodes of absenteeism.- 20. Management of a new business case.- 21. Management of a conflict between personal and work confidential information.- 22. Management of a non-compliant trainee.- 23. Management of recruiting new junior trainees.- 24. Management of suspected fraud in your department.- 25. Management of violence and aggression at work.- 26. Management of Health Tourism in your department.- 27. Management of colleagues affected by stress at work.- 28. Management of inappropriate use of social media.- 29. Appendix 1.- 30. List of commonly asked Acts and Legislations.- 31. Appendix 2.- 32. Appendix 3.

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Book SynopsisThe book explores how mentoring, theoretical background of mentoring and how mentoring is used by nurses in all arenas where they work in health care, education, research, policy, politics, and academia in supporting nurses with their professional and career development. Over 300 mentors and mentees, from a wide range of countries across all continents, share their stories of mentoring reflecting on their development in leadership, clinical practice, education, research and politics. The book describes various types of mentoring including more traditional types of mentoring as well as virtual, online and peer mentoring. During the mentorship trajectories the nurses address an inclusive collection of issues that they are faced with and share supporting strategies. The book highlights the importance of mentoring for nurses to support their personal, and professional leadership development. Also, it emphasizes the importance of mentoring for when nurses engaged in variety of projects that could entail or encompass evidence-based clinical practice, development within education, research in the clinical arena, policy formation, political affairs, or cultural inclusion that present significant impact in patient care and healthcare outcomes within and across countries. With The Future of Nursing 2020-2030: Charting a Path to Achieve Health Equity report from the National Academies of Sciences, published in 2021, the role of nursing will become ever more dynamic and therefore the profession of nursing must be visible in improving and securing the future for patients, families, and communities across the globe. Mentoring practices to build the profession’s leaders are forever essential, acute, and imperative.This book shows how mentoring can support nurses in further developing nursing as a profession and scientific discipline across countries to support clinical application of evidence based practice, and nursing education and research dissemination. Accordingly, this book shares essential, diverse and pioneering expertise through wide range of narrative stories that will benefit nurses at all years of experience, from early career nurses, emerging leaders, nurse educators, leaders, policy makers and nurse scientists around the globe. The nursing profession must magnify its position in health care and nurses need to proliferate their contributions throughout the globe. They can accomplish that through mentoring and “growing and nurturing other nurses” to advance and thrive in today’s world.Table of Contentssee the final list in the attachement with authorsDedicationForewordsPreface Acknowledgements Preface.- Foreword: Susan Hassmiller, Robert Wood Johnson Foundation.- Foreword: Pam Cipriano, International Council of Nurses President.- Foreword: Beverly Malone, National League of Nursing CEO. Introduction.- Healthy and Creative Mentors.- Preamble.- Healthy and Creative Mentors (Burke).- Mentorship, historic perspectives in today’s experiences.- Transforming the Mentorship Relationship from the Philosophical into the Practical.- From Mentee to Mentor.- Generativity and to unpack the behaviors that are associated with mentoring.- Mindfulness, clarity, and mentoring.- Part 1: Mentoring of Early-Stage and Late-Stage Career Nurses.- Ch 1: Introduction.- Ch 2: Caring Mentorship in Nursing Leadership.- Ch 3: External Mentorship to Accelerate Early Career Impact in Nursing.- Ch 4: Born to be in a Mentorship Dyad.- Ch 5: Mentoring with a purpose: Getting promoted to CNO.- Ch 6: The Power of Mentorship.- Ch 7: Mentoring throughout a nursing career: Applying Transitions Theory to guide the mentor and mentee.- Ch 8: Inspiring Late Career Nurses towards Career Progression through Mentoring.- Ch 9: Four Generations of Faculty Mentoring in Caring Science.- Ch 10: We knew it was a match.- Ch 11: Mentorship Beyond a PhD Program.- Part 2: Mentoring in Inclusivity, Equity, Diversity and Belonging.- Ch 12: Introduction.- Ch 13: Mentoring overseas qualified nurses applying for registration in the host country: Reflection on successful experience.- Ch 14: Mentorship as a Tool to Support and Retain Faculty Members of Color.- Ch 15: Walking side by side: The mentor's role in guiding the mentee's scholarship and academic career.- Ch 16: Mentorship in a clinical setting: From the lens of Diversity, Equity, Inclusion, and Belonging.- Ch 17: Mentoring for Courageous Leadership.- Ch 18: Transforming the Compass: Mentoring Latin X psychiatric nursing students for a multicultural Society.- Ch 19: From Minority Fellowship Program Mentor- Mentee to Colleagues Impacting Health Care Policy.- Ch 20: Native American Way of Mentoring.- Ch 21: Mentorship in Diversity, Equity, and Inclusion to Promote Human Flourishing for All.- Ch 22: Increasing Diversity through Mentorship and Sponsorship.- Part 3. Mentoring in Clinical Practice.- Ch 23: Introduction.- Ch 24: Fearfully and woefully made to Care.- Ch 25: Navigating Scholarship as a first-year DNP.- Ch 26: Always Learning from Each Other.- Ch 27: Mentoring in Evidence-Based Practice.- Ch 28: Mentorship in Evidence-based Practice: A Necessity for Healthcare Quality, Safety and Improved Patient Outcomes.- Ch 29: When the going gets tough.- Ch 30: Mentoring in Leadership of clinical practice in community home care.- Ch 31: Mentoring nurses through a regulatory investigation process.- Part 4: Mentoring in Nursing Education.- Ch 32: Introduction.- Ch 33: Distance can enhance mentoring: a nurse education example.- Ch 34: Lessons on Mentoring Innovation Curriculum for Caregivers in Thailand.- Ch 35: A Crossed Mentoring Story.- Ch 36: Mentoring for Role Transition: Clinician to Academia.- Ch 37: The power of mentorship: In learning, we teach, and in teaching, we learn!.- Ch 38: Impact of the Jonas Nursing and Veterans Healthcare Scholar mentoring Program.- Ch 39: Leadership mentoring: Peer mentoring experience in nursing education.- Ch 40: Innovation and Entrepreneurial Mentoring in Nursing for the Life Transformational Education.- Ch 41: Global mentorship in nursing education.- Ch 42: Caring for the caregivers a mentoring perspective: a contribution from nursing in Colombia.- Ch 43: Authentic leadership by the bedside and beyond.- Ch 44: Virtual Mentoring your Mentee.- Ch 45: A cross-cultural perspective of mentoring in nursing in Israel.- Ch 46: Knowing the Way, Show the Way: Leadership and Mentoring in Nursing Education.- Ch 47: Mentoring: Relational Experiences.- Ch 48: Mentoring relations between generations foster reciprocity, growth, and innovation.- Ch 49: Supervision to Mentoring: A satisfactory experience through stages of academic Development.- Ch 50: Redesign Networks in Organizations: Perspectives and Reflections in the Field of Nursing and Public Health.- Ch 51 First generation to PhD student: The faces of mentorship that shaped growth and success.- Ch 52: Mentoring grounded in shared lived experiences.- Ch 53: So you want to be a leader in nursing education? Mentoring is the way.- Ch 54: Finding your mentor in the academic jungle.- Ch 55: Mentoring the New Faculty.- Ch 56: Implementing Activity theory to realize global standards in nursing education.- Ch 57: Mentoring in Research and Academia is a faculty lifesaver.- Ch 58: The upstream and downstream effects of mentoring in research and academia.- Ch 59: Paying it Forward: Meaningful Mentoring.- Ch 60: Multicultural exposure practicum.- Ch 61: Building a Sustainable Academic Career.- Ch 62: The Next Generation of Nursing Informaticians: The Benefits of Mixing Mentoring Models.- Ch 63: Passing the Mentoring Torch : Afghanistan Narrative.- Part 5: Mentoring in Leadership.- Ch 64: Introduction.- Ch 65: Peer Mentoring through Action Learning for Strategic Leadership.- Ch 66: Investing in emerging nurse leaders: Knowledge to action.- Ch 67: Water me, I will grow.- Ch 68: The Genealogy of Leadership.- Ch 69: Mentoring continuity of a nursing professional model.- Ch 70: Appreciative Leadership Mentoring.- Ch 71: Nurturing leadership growth in clinical nurses: a blueprint through mentoring.- Ch 72: Identifying my cancer nursing leadership role through mentoring.- Ch 73: Bridging the future of nursing through leadership mentoring.- Ch 74: Growing Dynamic Leaders through Mentoring.- Ch 75: Leadership for Nursing Practice.- Ch 76: Domino mentorship. I mentor you, you mentor them.- Ch 77: Walking the way to leadership.- Ch 78: Professional Role Driven: Leadership Impact on Operation.- Ch 79: Intention to lead and mentor nurses globally.- Ch 80: Paying it Forward: Developing Emerging Nurse Leaders.- Ch 81: Growing People Through Mentoring.- Ch 82: Helping Leaders Optimize Their Personal Leadership Journey.- Ch 83: Developing leaders through mentorship.- Ch 84: Values Based Mentorship.- Ch 85: Mentoring: Unconventional Beginnings but what benefits we have Enjoy!.- Ch 86: Out of Africa. Cross continental Mentorship in critical care.- Ch 87: It is Always a Two-Way Street.- Ch 88: Patience, Perseverance, Resilience, Multi-tasking, and Everything!.- Ch 89: Leadership without a title- The power of mentoring.- Ch 90: Succession Planning: Preparing for the Future.- Ch 91: Passing the Baton: Advancing nursing through leadership mentoring; A story of mentorship in Pakistan.- Ch 92: Strategic Leadership in Mentoring.- Ch 93: Leaders shaping Leadership: Advising, Coaching, and Mentoring.- Part 6: Mentoring in Research and Academia.- Ch 94: Introduction.- Ch 95: Vision Alignment- Cognitive Reframing from An Inward to Outward Mindset in Mentoring.- Ch 96: The HEARTS Across the Lifespan in Research and Academia.- Ch 97:Mentoring in Research contributing to the health care.- Ch 98: Our joint journey in a European project and how we both grew – mentor and mentee.- Ch 99: Mentoring and establishing European collaboration.- Ch 100: Empower, encourage, and expand: Mentoring the 21st century nurse scientist.- Ch 101: Nurturing and empowering research leadership through mentoring.- Ch 102: Experiences of mentoring withing a structured academic mentorship program at a South African University.- Ch 103: Mentoring in the research: from dissertation to the entrepreneurial journey.- Ch 104: Mindful mentoring in academic research to develop self-mastery in the graduate.- Ch 105: Leadership: A process of paying it forward.- Ch 106: Educating the minds, hearts, and hands.- Ch 107: Mentorship to achieve global collaboration.- Ch 108: The 3 R’s: Revisiting the Mentored Relationship in Research.- Part 7: Mentoring in the times of Covid-19 Ch 109: Mentoring in PhD education, building role models.- Ch 110: Introduction.- Ch 111: Mentoring through a Pandemic.- Ch 112: Leading in a Pandemic.- Ch 113: Keeping a Chapter (Association) Thriving during a Pandemic.- Ch 114: In the eye of the storm: Mentorship in times of crisis.- Ch 115: Mentoring during COVID-19.- Ch 116: Mentoring in the times of COVID-19.- Ch 117: Seizing the moment for mentoring amid crisis.- Part 8: Mentoring in Policy –Healthcare, Education, Research.- Ch 118 Introduction.- Ch 119: Transcultural scenarios for health professionals in a plural and reticular society. Ch 120: Mentoring Partnerships Across Borders and Cultures: Cresting Sustainable Leadership.- Ch 121: Policy and People.- Ch 122: Building leadership competencies to navigating the world of healthcare policy.- Ch 123: Mentoring in Policy in Afghanistan.- Ch 124: Introduction.- Ch 125: Breakfasts, Open Doors, and Belonging.- Ch 126: Finding mentors in unusual places.- Ch 127: Mentoring in Politics- The Power of Partnership through “The Urgency of Now”.- Ch 128: Registered Nurse, Registered Voter.- Conclusion.The book will involve authors from all Global Regions:Asia Region; Pacific Region; European Region; African Region; North American Region, South America Region; Latin American/Central American Region/Caribbean; Middle East RegionChapter Contents will focus on: Mentoring across wide range of nursing and focus on narratives of mentors and mentees working in: Clinical Practice, Education, Research, Leadership, Policy, Politics

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Book SynopsisThis textbook provides a comprehensive introduction to health services research. Health services research uses empirical studies to address challenges in the delivery and organization of health care. The book focuses on healthcare delivery (micro-level), which is embedded in institutions such as hospitals (meso-level) and healthcare systems (macro-level). The quality of the research approach determines the value of health services research to a large extent. The book, therefore, puts emphasis on research principles and research methods. The book provides an evidence-informed perspective on principles, methods and topics of health services research and uses examples of studies throughout the text. The 24 chapters are organised in four sections: Introduction to Health Services Research Principles of Health Services Research Research Methods in Health Services Research Emerging Topics in Health Services Research Foundations of Health Services Research: Principles, Methods, and Topics gives an overview of tools and strategies for learning and teaching at master and doctoral levels. It also is a useful resource for health researchers in clinical science and public health. Policy-makers and healthcare managers might also find the book helpful for their work.Table of ContentsPart I. Introduction to Health Services Research 1. Description of Health Services Research (Michel Wensing, Charlotte Ullrich) 2. Fields of Health Services Research (Michel Wensing, Charlotte Ullrich) Part II. Principles of Health Services Research 3. Use of Theories in Health Services Research (Michel Wensing, Charlotte Ullrich) 4. Scientific Integrity in Health Services Research (Charlotte Ullrich, Michel Wensing) 5. Presentation of Quantitative Research Findings (Jan Koetsenruijter, Michel Wensing) 6. Dissemination and Utilisation of Research Findings (Michel Wensing, Charlotte Ullrich) Part III. Research Methods in Health Services Research 7. Qualitative Methods in Health Services Research (Charlotte Ullrich, Regina Poß-Doering) 8. Survey Methods in Health Services Research (Jan Koetsenruijter, Michel Wensing) 9. Use of Electronic Patient Records for Health Services Research (Gunter Laux) 10. Social Network Analyses in Health Services Research (Michel Wensing, Christine Arnold, Jan Koetsenruijter) 11. Development and Validation of Questionnaires in Health Services Research (Katja Krug, Michel Wensing) 12. Development of Interventions (Michel Wensing, Cornelia Straßner) 13. Process Evaluation in Health Services Research (Michel Wensing, Regina Poß-Doering) 14. Outcomes Evaluation in Health Services Research (Michel Wensing, Jeremy Grimshaw) 15. Economic Evaluation in Health Services Research (Stefan Listl, Michel Wensing) 16. Systematic Reviews of Healthcare Interventions (Manuela Bombana) Part IV. Emerging Topics in Health Services Research 17. Novel Interventions for Patient Empowerment (Michel Wensing, Katja Krug) 18. Mental Health Reform, Ecological Translation, and the Future of Public Mental Health Care (Ulrich Reininghaus, Inez Myin-Germeys) 19. Dynamic Landscape of the Health Professions (Charlotte Ullrich, Cornelia Mahler, Sandra Stengel, Michel Wensing) 20. Community Pharmacies as Healthcare Providers: New Developments in Medication Management and the Role of Information Technology (Hanna Seidling, Robert Moecker) 21. Continuity of Care: New Approaches to a Classic Topic of Health Services Research (Johanna Forstner, Christine Arnold) 22. Access to, Continuity and Coordination of Health Care for Refugees: Emerging Challenges and Topics for Health Services Research (Kayvan Bozorgmehr, Andreas Gold) 23. Digital Technology for Information and Communication in Health Care (Aline Weis, Sabrina Pohlmann) 24. Climate Change as a Topic of Health Services Research (Nicola Litke).

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Book SynopsisChapter 1. Quantum Computing: Foundations, Opportunities, Challenges and Applications in Healthcare.- Chapter 2. Transforming Healthcare With AI: Practical Insights Into Leveraging Large Language Models.- Chapter 3. Staff Retention and Development in German Hospitals - Particularly in Early Rehabilitation (Neurological, Neurosurgical and Interdisciplinary).- Chapter 4. Transformation in the Healthcare Sector - More Than Digitalisation and Technology.- Chapter 5. Unlocking the Potential of Automation and AI for Medical Practices.- Chapter 6. Human-computer Interaction: Paths to Understanding Trust in Artificial Intelligence.- Chapter 7. Renal Denervation - a New Chapter in Curing Drug Resistance in Hypertension.- Chapter 8. Strategic Challenges in Hospital Management: A German and European Perspective for the Future.- Chapter 9. Digital and AI Applications From Pre-visit to Post-visit Services in Outpatient Care.- Chapter 10. Revolutionizing Personalised Medicine Using Cutting Edge It.- Chapter 11. Open Innovation Platforms as a Sustainable Future Concept for Innovations in the Healthcare Sector (Follow-up Study).- Chapter 12. Beyond the Couch: Harnessing Creativity With Smartphone Apps to Revolutionize Mental Health Care.- Chapter 13. Interoperability in Hospitals Improving Work Processes in Care and Treatment With Fhir and a CDR Clinical Data Repository.- Chapter 14. Transforming the Pharmaceutical Field Force: the Future of Sales Representatives.- Chapter 15. How Tech Foster Longevity Medicine.- Chapter 16. Legal Implications of Transformation in Health Care.- Chapter 17. Empowering Patients and Healthcare Professionals: Medtech Meets Digital Learning.- Chapter 18. AI in Remote Patient Monitoring.- Chapter 19. Skill and Grade Mix in Nursing.

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Book SynopsisDas Buch liefert theoretische Hintergründe, praktische Anwendungen und aufschlussreiche Fallbeispiele für die Markenbildung im Gesundheitsmarkt. In vielen Bereichen der Gesundheitswirtschaft ist Marke als Management-Instrument und Erfolgsprinzip noch nicht angekommen. Das betrifft alle Segmente: vom pharmazeutischen Produkt über die Apotheke und die Klinik als Marke bis zur Krankenkasse. Mit den „Markentechnischen Instruktionen" soll Grundsätzliches zum Markenmanagement und zur Markenkommunikation vermittelt werden. Die „Markentechnische Praxis" zeigt im erfolgreichen Einzelfall Allgemeingültiges. In keinem anderen Markt spielen das Vertrauen und der "gute Name" eines Anbieters eine so (kauf-)entscheidende Rolle wie im Gesundheitsmarkt. Die Markentechnik liefert bewährte Strategien und Methoden, mit denen Unternehmen/Leistungen systematisch das Vertrauen ihrer Zielgruppen gewinnen und zu starken Marken aufgebaut werden können.Trade Review“… sehr realitätsnahen Interpretationen gut nachvollziehbar und bieten einen lohnenden Mehrwert. ... ein lesenswertes Buch, das mit seiner Vielfalt an Autoren und deren persönlichem “Erzählstil” alle Zielgruppen im Marketing ansprechen dürfte und für den leicht “vorgebildeten” Marketingprofi angenehm zu Iesen ist.” (Felix Dorn, in: f&w führen und wirtschaften im Krankenhaus, Heft 6, 1. Juni 2017)Table of ContentsWachsende Bedeutung von Marke im Gesundheitssektor.-Werkstatt.- Fallstudien/Anwendungen.- Markentechnik.- Regeln.

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Book SynopsisDas Buch gibt sowohl Ärzten als auch Unternehmen aus der Medizinbranche fundierte Einblicke, was ein Arzt in der Industrie leisten kann, wie sich ein optimaler Wechsel vollziehen lässt und gibt Tipps und Hinweise, wie und für welches Berufsbild in der Industrie sich ein Arzt vorbereiten kann. Viele Mediziner spielen mit dem Gedanken sich ein alternatives Berufsfeld zum direkten Dienst am Patienten zu suchen. Die meisten Ärzte trauen sich jedoch nicht zu diesem Schritt, wofür es sicher unterschiedliche Ursachen gibt. Viele sehen, dass es zwar Vorteile haben kann, aber es auch Unsicherheiten gibt, was einen Arzt in der Industrie erwartet und ob er dann zu einem späteren Zeitpunkt überhaupt noch ärztlich tätig sein kann.Dieses Buch soll denen helfen, die offen sind für einen Wechsel in die Industrie, und aufzeigen, welche Einstiegsmöglichkeiten es gibt, wie man sich am besten vorbereitet und wie nach dem Schritt die besten Ergebnisse erzielt werden. Gleichzeitig soll dieses Buch auch Unternehmen in der Medizinbranche nutzen, realistisch die Leistungsfähigkeit von Ärzten zu erkennen, und ihnen dabei helfen, das weitreichende Know-how und Potenzial eines Arztes optimal einzusetzen und weiterzuentwickeln. Die Praxisnähe und die eigenen Erfahrungen des Autors machen dieses Buch extrem anschaulich.Table of ContentsDie Interessensgruppen im deutschen Gesundheitssystem.- Das deutsche Gesundheitssystem aus der Sicht des Arztes.- Alternativen für Ärzte in Unternehmen der Medizinbranche.- Sinnvolle alternative Weiterbildung und MBA.- Der Einstieg in die Industrie.

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Book SynopsisDieses Lehrbuch vermittelt Grundkenntnisse im Bereich der Betriebswirtschaftslehre für praxisnah ausgebildete medizinische Fachkräfte, die Ärzte im Bereich der Verwaltung, Praxisorganisation, Administration und Leistungsabrechnung unterstützen. Zahlreiche Reformen innerhalb des Gesundheitssystems führen seit Jahren dazu, dass sich auch Praxen und Krankenhäuser mehr und mehr an den Bedürfnissen des Marktes orientieren müssen. Dies macht es für verwaltungsnah eingesetztes medizinisches Fachpersonal erforderlich, sich mit grundlegenden betriebswirtschaftlichen Vorgängen und Zusammenhängen auseinanderzusetzen. Im beruflichen Alltag stellt sich oft die Herausforderung Leistungen abzurechnen und mit Krankenkassen, Ärztekammern, Steuerberatern, Lieferanten und Patienten auch über wirtschaftliche Vorgänge zu kommunizieren. Selbst wenn eine Vielzahl der Aufgaben häufig delegiert werden kann, ist es dennoch erforderlich, über das notwendige Wissen zu verfügen, um die Ergebnisse oder angebotenen Konzepte zu überprüfen und zu bewerten zu können. Dieses Buch richtet sich an Mitarbeiter in Arztpraxen, Krankenhäusern und an Beschäftigte von Pflegeeinrichtungen, die Grundkenntnisse realitäts- und anwendungsnah erlernen möchten. Table of ContentsDas Unternehmen als vitaler Organismus.- Marketing.- Grundlagen der betrieblichen Organisation.- Rechtsformen.- Ärztliche Unternehmens- und Kooperationsformen.- Externes Rechnungswesen.- Internes Rechnungswesen.- Forderungsmanagement und Liquidität.- Steuern.

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Book SynopsisDas Buch liefert einen umfassenden Überblick über das neue Forschungsgebiet E-Health-Ökonomie und zeigt den aktuellen Stand der Diskussion in Wissenschaft, Praxis und Politik auf. Gesundheitsökonomie, Gesundheitswirtschaft, Gesundheitsversorgung sowie ambulante, stationäre, sektorenübergreifende Versorgung und die Erstellung von Leistungen am Gesundheitsstandort der privaten Haushalte: E-Health ist heute und besonders in Zukunft, einhergehend mit weiteren technologischen Innovationen, von großer Bedeutung. Mit dem neuen E-Health-Gesetz findet das Buch den Bezug zur aktuellen politischen Auseinandersetzung und bietet mit seinen ökonomischen Artikeln einen Beitrag für die Diskussion um Nutzen und Mehrwert von Informationstechnologie in der Gesundheitswirtschaft. Praktiker und Wissenschaftler aus Medizin, Informatik und (Gesundheits-)Ökonomie sind genauso angesprochen wie alle weiteren Akteure, welche sich mit der Ökonomie des Einsatzes von IT in der Gesundheitswirtschaft beschäftigen. Lehrenden und Studierenden gibt das Buch einen umfassenden Überblick. Das Buch bietet sich aufgrund seiner Struktur als Gesamtlektüre genauso an wie die selektive Wahl einzelner thematischer Kapitel oder auch einzelner Beiträge der verschiedenen Autoren.Trade Review“… Es eignet sich aufgrund der in sich abgeschlossenen Artikel aber auch als Nachschlagewerk und Einstieg in das jeweilige Thema. Hinweise auf einschlägige Literatur erleichtern die Vertiefung der jeweiligen Aspekte.” (das Krankenhaus, Heft 11, 1. November 2017)“… Das Buch bietet eine umfassende Übersicht über ökonomische Sichtweisen auf eHealth-Anwendungen und leistet damit einen guten Beitrag zum fachlichen Austausch zwischen Gesundheitsokonomen, Medizinern, Versorgungsforschern, Medizininformatikern, Datenschützern und weiteren Professionen im eHealthBereich.” (in: E-Health.com, Heft 2-3, 1. April 2017)“... Es zeigt die vielfältigen ökonomischen Herausforderungen auf, denen sich E-Health-Anwendungen gegenübersehen und macht deutlich, dass gute Technik allein noch keine Garantie für ökonomischen Erfolg am hoch regulierten und komplexen Gesundheitsmarkt ist …” (in: PZ Pharmazeutische Zeitung, Heft 16, 20. April 2017)Table of ContentsGrundlagen der E-Health Ökonomie.- Gesundheitsstandort privater Haushalt.- Ambulante und stationäre Versorgung.- Sektorübergreifende Versorgung.- Arzneimittelversorgung.- Medizintechnik.- Gesundheits-Logistik.- Medizinische Forschung.- E-Health Ökonomie.

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Book SynopsisMedizinökonomie ist die Anwendung ökonomischer Methoden auf die Medizin, insbesondere auf die medizinische Versorgung. Ihr Ziel ist die Verbesserung der medizinischen Behandlung, denn die erfolgreiche Behandlung gilt in der Medizin wie in der Medizinökonomie als oberste Maxime professionellen Handelns. Der wissenschaftliche ebenso wie der praxisbezogene Austausch von Wirtschaft und Medizin gestaltet sich aufgrund der manchmal uneinheitlichen Sicht auf die Dinge schwierig und führt nicht selten zu Missverständnissen. Die Autorinnen und Autoren liefern in diesem Handbuch eine fachlich abgesicherte und zugleich anwendungsbezogene Darstellung der medizinökonomisch relevanten Themenfelder und ermöglichen damit einen fundierten Überblick über den Status quo und die aktuellen Fragen des deutschen Gesundheitssystems.Der erste Band der „Handbuchreihe Medizinökonomie“ widmet sich den medizinökonomischen Grundlagen, stellt das System der Versorgung und ihre Akteure vor, erläutert ausgewählte neue Versorgungsformen und skizziert das Feld der Pflege und anderer Gesundheitsberufe.Table of ContentsGrundlagen der Medizinökonomie.- Medizinische Versorgung.- Neue Versorgungsformen.- Pflege und andere Gesundheitsberufe.

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Book SynopsisDas Gesundheitswesen ist der größte und am stärksten wachsende volkswirtschaftliche Sektor - dies wird auch anhand der Vielzahl an Gesundheitsberufen deutlich, die hinsichtlich Spezialisierung und Diversifikation weit über die früheren Berufsbilder einer Arzthelferin oder Krankenschwester hinausgehen. Trotz dieser Vielfalt an Aus- und Weiterbildungsmöglichkeiten wird es immer schwieriger, geeignete Fachkräfte zu finden und sie entsprechend ihrer Qualifikationen richtig einzusetzen. Um Über- und Unterforderungen zu vermeiden, Arbeitszufriedenheit zu erzeugen und eine Fachkraft an eine Einrichtung zu binden, ist dies jedoch besonders wichtig. Auch ist es für die Ablauforganisation von großer Bedeutung, dass die richtigen Mitarbeiter mit den richtigen Aufgaben am richtigen Ort eingesetzt werden. Dieses Nachschlagewerk ermöglicht allen, die in Gesundheitseinrichtungen mit Personalentscheidungen und Personalbedarfsplanung befasst sind, einen Überblick über das breite Tätigkeitsspektrum in Gesundheitseinrichtungen und gibt konkrete Hinweise für die Personaleinsatzplanung. Das Buch behandelt zunächst im ersten Teil die Grundlagen des Personaleinsatzes in Gesundheitseinrichtungen und stellt danach als zentrale Sammlung rund 300 Gesundheitsberufe vor, erläutert die dazugehörigen Qualifikationen und gibt Hinweise auf rechtliche Grundlagen wie Berufsordnungen und listet mögliche Einsatzgebiete.Table of ContentsGrundlagen des Personaleinsatzes in Gesundheitseinrichtungen.- Ermittlung der benötigten Personalanzahl und –qualifikationen.- Aufgabenableitung aus der Aufbau- und Ablauforganisation.- Arbeitsrechtliche Rahmenbedingungen.- Aus- und Weiterbildung im Gesundheitswesen.- Organisation des Personaleinsatzes.- Berufsbezeichnungen, Qualifikationen und Einsatzgebiete.

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Book SynopsisDieser Sammelband zeichnet durch zahlreiche Beispiele aus dem Unternehmensalltag ein Bild davon, vor welchen Herausforderungen Einrichtungen im Gesundheitswesen im Rahmen des Dienstleistungscontrolling stehen und wie sie diesen mit Ideen und wertvollen Handlungsempfehlungen begegnen. Untermauert wird dies durch die aktuelle, wissenschaftlich abgesicherte Theorie. Das Werk bietet eine anwendungsbezogene Darstellung ausgewählter Controllingthemen: Neben den klassischen Themen werden auch weiterführende und aktuelle Themen vorgestellt, wie die Strategiebildung, die Realisierung von Zielen und die Erfolgsmessung mittels Balanced Scorecard und Kennzahlen, aber auch die Analyse und die Bewertung von Prozessen und Leistungen in Unternehmen, um festgelegte Ziele zu erreichen. Aufgrund dieses Themenspektrums richtet sich der Sammelband einerseits an Wissenschaftler und Studenten mit den Schwerpunktfächern Controlling und Dienstleistungsmanagement, andererseits an Praktiker im Gesundheitswesen, wie z.B. Geschäftsführer und verantwortliche Entscheidungsträger. Table of ContentsDienstleistungsökonomie und Personalcontrolling in Krankenhäusern.- Business Intelligence basiertes Performance Measurement.- Lean Hospital Management.- Dienstleistungscontrolling und -performance in Gesundheitsorganisationen.- Lösung des Landarztproblems durch Auktionen als Instrument des Personalcontrollings.- Planung von Personalkosten des Pflegedienstes im Krankenhaus.- Risikogruppenspezifische Prozesskostenrechnung im Krankenhaus.- Intelligente Chatbots im Gesundheitswesen.- Simulationsbasierte Analyse perioperativer Prozesse im OP.- Dienstleistungscontrolling in Einrichtungen des Sozialwesens.- Vom Schreibtisch ans Patientenbett, Effekte einer fallbegleitenden Kodierung.- Strategiebildung und strategische Steuerung (mittels Balanced Scorecard) von Medizintechnik und IT.- Anpassung der Ziele nach der BSC im Rahmen von Change-Management-Prozessen am Beispiel von Krankenhäusern.- Organisationscontrolling am Beispiel der Pflege.- Implementierung eines berufsgruppenübergreifenden Verlaufsdokumentes und Einführung einer mobilen Visite.- Einsatz der eHealth‐Plattform zur Optimierung des MDK‐Managements durch Digitalisierung und Integration von Systemen.- Organisational Burnout im Krankenhaus.

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Book SynopsisVor 15 Jahren wurde die Krankenhausvergütung auf ein DRG-Fallpauschalensystem umgestellt (DRG: Diagnosis Related Groups). Das DRG-System wird seitdem im Krankenhausbereich, in Politik und Wissenschaft kontrovers diskutiert. Dieser Sammelband fasst kritische Perspektiven auf das DRG-System zusammen. Er wendet sich an Expertinnen und Experten aus Politik, Wissenschaft und Verbänden sowie allgemein an Personen, die sich mit der Gestaltung des Gesundheitswesens und der Krankenhausversorgung befassen.Mit Beiträgen von: Nikola Biller-Andorno, Ingo Bode,Johann Böhmann, Bernard Braun, Anja Dieterich, Margrit Fässler, Jonathan Falkenberg, Max Geraedts, Thomas Gerlinger, Christoph Kranich, Giovanni Maio, Georg Marckmann, Hans-Joachim Meyer, Michael Simon, Arved Weimann, Maximiliane Wilkesmann. Der Inhalt Einführende Beiträge Auswirkungen des DRG-Systems auf den ärztlichen Dienst, den Pflegedienst und die Qualität der Patientenversorgung Die Beharrungskraft des DRG-Systems und mögliche Auswege Zielgruppe: ​Studierende, Lehrende, Wissenschaftler, Praktiker in den entsprechenden Disziplinen Entscheidungsträger Journalisten Die HerausgebendenDr. Anja Dieterich ist Referentin für Grundsatzfragen der gesundheitlichen Versorgung bei der Diakonie Deutschland, Berlin.Dr. Bernard Braun ist assoziierter Gesundheitswissenschaftler am SOCIUM der Universität Bremen mit den Arbeitsschwerpunkten Versorgungs- und Politikfolgenforschung.Prof. Dr. Dr. Thomas Gerlinger ist Professor für Gesundheitspolitik, Gesundheitssysteme und Gesundheitssoziologie an der Universität Bielefeld.Prof. Dr. Michael Simon ist Hochschullehrer im Ruhestand und lehrte bis 2016 an der Hochschule Hannover mit den Arbeitsschwerpunkten Gesundheitssystem und Gesundheitspolitik.Trade Review“... „Geld im Krankenhaus“ ist es ein sehr lesenwertes und anregendes Buch. Es bietet einen umfassenden Überblick über die Diskussion zur Ökonomisierung der Krankenhäuser mit all seinen Kontroversen und Merkwürdigkeiten ...” (Hartmut Reiners, in: G+S, Heft 2, 2020)Table of ContentsDas deutsche DRG-System: Vorgeschichte und Entwicklung seit seiner Einführung.- Steuerungsmedien und -instrumente in der Versorgung mit Krankenhausleistungen.- DRG oder Markt? Zum Ambivalenzdruck im deutschen Krankenhauswesen.- Auswirkungen des DRG-Systems auf den ärztlichen Dienst, den Pflegedienst und die Qualität der Patientenversorgung.- Das Innenleben des Krankenhauses – zwischen Bedarfsorientierung, Überversorgung, Personalmangel, professionellen Logiken und Strukturdefiziten.- Veränderungen im Alltag einer Versorgungsklinik in 15 Jahren DRG - 40 Jahre Erfahrungen in der Kinderheilkunde.- Ethische Aspekte im DRG-System aus chirurgischer Sicht.- Vom Blindflug zur Punktlandung - Zur Arbeit von Krankenhausärztinnen und Krankenhausärzten unter DRG-Bedingungen.- Die Diskussion um Chefarzt-Boni in Deutschland und der Schweiz.- Von der Umwertung der Werte durch die Ökonomisierung der Medizin.- Ethik als Führungsaufgabe: Perspektiven für einen ethisch vertretbaren Umgang mit dem zunehmenden Kostendruck in den deutschen Krankenhäusern.- Die Bedeutung des DRG-Systems für Stellenabbau und Unterbesetzung im Pflegedienst der Krankenhäuser.- Qualität trotz oder wegen der DRG?.- Das Elend der Fallpauschalen und Modelle zu ihrer Überwindung.- Die Beharrungskraft des DRG-Systems und mögliche Auswege.- Das deutsche DRG-System: Weder Erfolgsgeschichte noch leistungsgerecht.- Die Einführung eines pauschalierenden Entgeltsystems für die Psychiatrie und Psychosomatik – Impulse für den DRG-Bereich.

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Book SynopsisDas vorliegende essential handelt vom dritten Gesundheitsmarkt. Damit ist ein Markt gemeint, indem das Teilen (Share Economy) von beispielsweise Daten gegen eine Gesundheitsdienstleistung im Vordergrund steht. In diesem Marktumfeld kann die Autonomie der Patienten unterstützt werden und zu einer verbesserten und bedarfsgerechten Versorgung führen. Sie lernen hierbei die Abgrenzung zum bestehenden ersten und zweiten Gesundheitsmarkt kennen und erhalten einen kritischen Überblick über die Chancen und Grenzen der Share Economy im Gesundheitswesen.

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Book SynopsisIn Zukunft werden wir mit unserem eigenen Avatar mit dem behandelnden Arzt im Smart Hospital sprechen können – und das vom Wohnzimmer aus. Das klingt utopisch, ist allerdings schon Realität geworden. Das essential beschäftigt sich mit der Frage, welchen Effekt Virtual Reality und die Avatare im Gesundheitswesen, der Medizin und in der Psychologie haben werden. Durch die praktische Erfahrung der Autoren können tiefgreifende Einblicke in eine exponentielle Technologie gegeben werden.Table of ContentsEinleitung.- Avatare in der Medizin und im Gesundheitswesen .- Praxisbeispiele.- Ausblick und Entwicklungsperspektiven.- Weiterführende Videos auf YouTube

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Book SynopsisQualitätsmanagement in Krankenhäusern bedarf in einer Zeit massiven Personal- und Finanzmangels eines Paradigmenwechsels. Personal- und kostenintensive kommerzielle QM-Systeme sind nicht mehr zeitgemäß, einfache Lösungen hingegen erforderlich. Die medizinischen Fachabteilungen sind deshalb mehr denn je gefordert, Qualitätsmanagement und damit verbunden Patientensicherheit im Kontext ihrer originären Aufgabe, der Sicherung hoher Behandlungsqualität, erfolgreich umzusetzen. Dieses essential stellt ein einfaches Konzept auf Basis der Identifizierung von Defiziten und der Bereitstellung von Praxistipps zur Optimierung vor. Handliche Checklisten erleichtern die Umsetzung im Klinikalltag.Table of ContentsEinleitung.- Terminologischer Konsens- Grundlage für Qualität und Patientensicherheit.- Stand des Qualitätsmanagements im Krankenhaus.- Veränderte Rahmenbedingungen für das Qualitätsmanagement.- Schlussfolgerungen aus der veränderten Situation.- Compliance als übergreifende Klammer für alle Bemühungen um Patientensicherheit.- BCM- Business Continuity Management zur dauerhaften Bestandsicherung.- Das Konzept- Qualitätsmanagement für die Fachabteilung.- Praktische Umsetzung des Konzepts in der Fachabteilung.- Ausblick- Bedeutung des Vorschlags für die Gesundheitsversorgung.

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Book SynopsisSie sind aktiv in der betrieblichen Gesundheitsförderung und stehen vor der Herausforderung, dass Ihre Maßnahmen Ihre Zielgruppe nicht im gewünschten Maße erreichen? Dann ist dieses Buch genau das richtige für Sie!Es bietet Ihnen einen schnellen Einstieg in das Thema Nudging zur Gesundheitsförderung am Arbeitsplatz. Sie erfahren die verhaltenswissenschaftlichen Hintergründe und Theorien des Nudgings und lernen anschaulich, wie Sie dieses erfolgreich zur Gesundheitsförderung einsetzen können. Sie werden in das Nudging-Modell AEIOU eingeführt, und Sie erhalten zahlreiche Nudging-Beispiele zu Bewegung, Ernährung, Entspannung, Tabakreduktion und digitaler Gesundheitsförderung. Starten Sie schon morgen mit der Entwicklung eines Nudging-Konzepts für Ihr Unternehmen!Table of ContentsWissenschaftlicher Hintergrund und Theorie des Nudging-Konzepts.- Einführung in das Nudging-Modell AEIOU.- Erläuterung anhand von praktischen Beispielen in Bewegung, Ernährung, Entspannung, Tabakreduktion, digitale Gesundheitsförderung.- Kritische Auseinandersetzung über ethische Aspekte des Nudgings.

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Book SynopsisLehrende in der Pflegeausbildung sind spätestens seit der Einführung des Pflegeberufegesetzes im Jahr 2020 gefordert, das exemplarische Prinzip im Unterricht umzusetzen. Es gibt bislang weder pflegedidaktische Kriterien für Auswahlentscheidungen im Kontext des exemplarischen Prinzips noch pflegedidaktische Konzepte zu dessen curricularer und unterrichtlicher Umsetzung. In diesem Buch werden solche Kriterien systematisch hergeleitet und in Form eines auf der curricularen Ebene angesiedelten Handlungsleitfadens in einen pflegedidaktischen Zusammenhang gebracht.Table of ContentsEinleitung.- Charakteristika des exemplarischen Prinzips.- Transfer im Kontext des exemplarischen Prinzips.- Bestimmung von Kriterien im Kontext des exemplarischen Prinzips.- Anwendung der eruierten Kriterien im pflegedidaktischen Kontext.- Schlussfolgerungen für die Entwicklung des Handlungsleitfadens.- Handlungsleitfaden zur Umsetzung des exemplarischen Prinzips.- Fazit.

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Book SynopsisDie Digitalisierung durchzieht als Megatrend auch die Dienstleistungsbranchen Gesundheit und Pflege. Informations- und Kommunikationstechnologien setzen vermehrt Impulse, Gesundheits- und Pflegeleistungen zu unterstützen: z.B. Televisite - Telekonsultation, Monitoring - KI - Entscheidungsunterstützungssysteme, Medical Apps, digitale Patientenakte. Häufig wird die Notwendigkeit der technischen Unterstützung mit dem Fachkräftemangel begründet. Die Digitalisierung hat zudem das Potenzial, das Versorgungsgeschehen von der Arbeit am Klienten bis hin zu den Verwaltungsstrukturen grundlegend zu verändern. Wie der Einsatz von digital unterlegten Technologien insbesondere im sensiblen Bereich der Altenpflege erfolgreich umgesetzt werden kann und dabei auch stets den Menschen im Blick behält, erläutern die Autoren dieses essentials anhand von Beispielen aus den Bereichen Augmented Reality, Robotik, Sturzsensorik und Pflegedokumentation. Dabei werden sie von dem Konzept Strategische Mensch-Maschine-Partnerschaft geleitet. Die neuen Anforderungen an die Qualifikation der handelnden Akteure werden ebenso diskutiert wie Fragen technologischer Voraussetzungen. Table of ContentsEinleitung.- Ausgewählte Grundlagen zu Digitalisierung.- Ausgewählte Grundlagen zur Altenpflege.- Anwendungsfelder und Erfolgsfaktoren zur Digitalisierung in der Altenpflege.- Zusammenfassung und Ausblick.

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Book Synopsis​Pflegeinnovationen - insbesondere in Verbindung mit Digitalisierung und den Potenzialen von KI - werden als wesentlicher Hebel gesehen, um sowohl die Qualität in der Pflege anzuheben als auch den wachsenden Herausforderungen des Fachkräftemangels zu begegnen. Die Frage, welche Faktoren die Entwicklung, Auswahl und Implementierung von Pflegetechnologien befördern oder auch behindern können, ist die Aufgabe des vom Bundesministerium für Bildung und Forschung (BMBF) geförderten „Cluster Zukunft der Pflege“. Dabei wird das gesamte soziotechnische System Pflege (Mensch, Organisation und Technik), in dem die Technik zum Einsatz kommen soll, betrachtet.An Beispielen aus dem Pflegeinnovationszentrum (PIZ) und aus vier Pflegepraxiszentren (PPZ) werden in diesem Buch die Phasen des Technologieentwicklungsprozesses und der Implementierung von Pflegeinnovationen in diversen pflegerischen Settings des praktischen Pflegealltags vorgestellt, die Fragen nach sozialer, ethischer und ökonomischer Relevanz sowie die Bedeutung des praktischen Nutzens sowie der Akzeptanz gestellt und diskutiert. Zugleich werden Bedingungsfaktoren für gelingende Pflegeinnovationen analysiert, damit sich der pflegerische Nutzen der Pflegebedürftigen und der Nutzen der Pflegenden verbessern lassen. Kurz: Ein profunder Einblick in die Werkstatt „Zukunft der Pflege“ mit zahlreichen praxisorientieren Erkenntnissen für den Einsatz von digitalen Innovationen im Pflegealltag und Hinweisen für den weiteren Entwicklungs- und Forschungsbedarf.Table of Contents

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Book Synopsis„Das Zusammenleben auf der Grundlage erheblicher kultureller Differenzen gilt bis heute nicht nur als möglicherweise hoch attraktiv, sondern auch als eine Herausforderung besonderer Art. Kulturelle Differenz steht für Faszination ebenso wie für Ängste, Abjektionen und andere negative Affekte oder allerlei Schwierigkeiten in der konkreten interkulturellen Praxis. Dies gilt für die Kommunikation, Kooperation und Koexistenz in privaten Handlungsfeldern ebenso wie in beruflichen. Die Pflege unterschiedlicher bedürftiger Gruppen gehört in diesen zweiten Bereich. Frau Böcek-Schleking widmet sich in ihrer hoch interessanten Masterarbeit interkulturellen Trainings, die im Rahmen der neuen Pflegeausbildung konzipiert wurden oder besser: konzipiert und eingesetzt werden sollen. Sie trägt damit nicht nur zur Reflexion und Weiterentwicklung bereits bestehender Konzepte bzw. zur Anwendung bewährter Theorien und Begriffe bei, sondern entwirft in ihrer eigenen Arbeit auf fundierten theoretischen Grundlagen und mit methodischem Sachverstand selbst ein solches Training, das sehr genau an die Anforderungen im genannten Praxisbereich „Pflege“ angepasst ist“ (Prof. Dr. Jürgen Straub).Table of ContentsEinleitung.- Grundlagen dieses interkulturellen Trainings.- Theoretische Grundlagen dieses Trainings.- Konzeptionsschritt 1: Analytische Vorphase.- Konzeptionierungsschritt 2: Programmentwicklung.- Trainingsfeinplanung.- Zusammenfassung.- Ausblick.- Literaturverzeichnis.

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Book SynopsisIn dieser Studie wird die Steuerung der Klassifikation therapeutischer Leistungen (KTL) als Qualitätssicherungsinstrument der DRV und die Internationale Klassifikation der Funktionsfähigkeit, Behinderung und Gesundheit (ICF) der WHO erarbeitet. Ein anwendungsorientiertes Konzept zur Steuerung der Klassifikationen wird über den theoretischen und den empirischen Teil dieser Arbeit entwickelt. Anhand von Experteninterviews wurden die empirischen Daten über einen halbstandardisierten Interviewleitfaden erhoben. Die methodische Auswertung erfolgt über die inhaltlich strukturierende qualitative Inhaltsanalyse. Neue, praxisorientierte Lösungsansätze werden aufgrund des Fachwissens der Experten, die aus den verschiedenen Berufsgruppen der medizinischen Rehabilitation ausgewählt wurden, erhoben. Das entwickelte Qualitätssteuerungskonzept ist eine Handlungsempfehlung zur dauerhaften Implementierung in der klinischen Praxis. Es verknüpft die externe Qualitätssicherung mit dem internen Qualitätsmanagement. Im Fokus des Konzeptes stehen die Kommunikation zwischen den verschiedenen Ebenen einer Rehabilitationseinrichtung und der interdisziplinäre fachliche Austausch. Table of Contents​Einleitungsteil.- Theoretischer teil.- Empirischer teil.- Gestaltungsteil.- Schlussteil.

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Book SynopsisEin Großteil der chronischen Erkrankungen und deren Risikofaktoren kann durch persönliches Verhalten, also durch den Lebensstil vermieden bzw. verhindert und insbesondere deren Progredienz minimiert werden. Aus unzähligen weltweit durchgeführten epidemiologischen Studien ist erwiesen, dass regelmäßige körperliche Aktivität, eine entsprechende Ernährung sowie soziale Eingebundenheit und damit Lebenszufriedenheit Schlüsselfaktoren für Lebensqualität und Langlebigkeit sind. Das Buch geht diesem Phänomen auf den Grund und zeigt auf, welche gesundheitspolitischen Maßnahmen sich im Kampf gegen eine Pflegebedürftigkeit im Alter bewähren. Denn durch gesundheitsfördernde, präventive und rehabilitative Maßnahmen kann die Selbständigkeit von älteren Menschen erhalten, gefördert oder sogar wiedergewonnen werden. Wesentliche Forderungen sind dabei eine strukturell, personell, finanziell und ausbildungstechnische Pflegereform und der flächendeckende Einsatz von anderen innovativen Werkzeugen, wie etwa Pflegekompetenzzentren und der Best Agers Bonus-Pass. Trade Review“… Das Buch richtet sich nicht nur an Betroffene, sondern auch an Angehörige, Arbeitgeber und Ärzte. Vor allem Entscheider in der Gesundheitspolitik sollten es lesen.” (Herbert Kaspar, in: Academia, Heft 6, Dezember 2021)“... Gemeinsam mit dem Sportmediziner Norbert Bachl und der Gesundheitsexpertin Barbara Fisa schlägt Biach deshalb eine Art Mutterkindpass für ältere Mensschen vor, um präventiv gegen die Zunahme der Pflegefälle in Österreich vorzugehen. So könnten etwa künftig in Primärversorgungszentren Vorsorgeuntersuchungen ausgeweitet werden ...” (Christian Rösner, in: Wiener Zeitung, 14. Oktober 2021)“... zeigen die drei Autoren einen konkreten Ausweg aus der Misere – und zwar, indem sie eine unkonventionelle Lösung präsentieren: den „Best-Ager-Bonus“-Pass. ... Im konkreten Fall gäbe es viele Gewinner: Das Gesundheitssystem würde profitieren, weil die Kosten für die Pflege viel später oder gar nicht anfallen; und die Betroffenen würden profitieren, weil sie bekommen, was sie sich am meisten wünschen: gesund alt zu werden.” (Christian Böhmer, in: Kurier, kurier.at, 13. Oktober 2021)Table of Contents1. Einleitung.- 2. Status Quo.- 3. Einflussfaktoren für ein erfolgreiches Altern.- 4. Problemlösung und Ausblick.-

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