Geophysics Books

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Book SynopsisThis book examines historical evidence from the last 2000 years to analyse earthquakes in the eastern Mediterranean and Middle East. Early chapters review techniques of historical seismology, while the main body of the book comprises a catalogue of more than 4000 earthquakes identified from historical sources. Each event is supported by textual evidence extracted from primary sources and translated into English. Covering southern Rumania, Greece, Turkey, Lebanon, Israel, Egypt, Jordan, Syria, and Iraq, the book documents past seismic events, places them in a broad tectonic framework, and provides essential information for those attempting to prepare for, and mitigate the effects of, future earthquakes and tsunamis in these countries. This volume is an indispensable reference for researchers studying the seismic history of the eastern Mediterranean and Middle East, including archaeologists, historians, earth scientists, engineers and earthquake hazard analysts. A parametric catalogue ofTrade ReviewPraise for The Seismicity of Egypt, Arabia and the Red Sea (Cambridge University Press, 1994) co-authored by Professor Ambraseys: 'Once again the authors are to be congratulated on a painstaking piece of research that is now the starting point for anyone working on the seismicity of this region.' Martin Degg, Geoscientist'Anyone with an interest in historical earthquakes will want this volume without hesitation; and rather a lot of seismologists, engineers and planners could learn from the introductory sections … Production values are excellent.' Roger Musson, Geoscientist'It is a great relief to see this monumental work finally printed. Professor Ambraseys has towered over research into historical earthquakes for 50 years. … a level of scholarship that very few people can match. … Cambridge [University Press] should be congratulated for publishing this book … This book will never go out of demand … for libraries, researchers, consulting engineers and the insurance industry.' Geological Magazine'Helpful is the 'earthquake of Amos', dated ca. 759 BCE (Amos 1:1), for which there seems to be solid archaeological evidence all over the place - from Tel Beersheva to Jerusalem, from Gezer and Shechem to Tell Deir Alia and Megiddo, all listed and documented by the author. One should consider the possibility of Amos's activity being somehow conditioned, if not occasioned, by a mighty earthquake that shook all of Palestine' International Review of Biblical StudiesTable of ContentsPreface; 1. Macroseismic information; 2. Evaluation of macroseismic data; 3. Catalogue of earthquakes; 4. Evaluation of instrumental data; 5. Long-term seismicity; 6. Future challenges; Appendix: Photographs of researchers in the field; References; Index.

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Book SynopsisThe Solid Earth is a general introduction to the physics of the Earth's surface and its deep interior. This new edition of Mary Fowler's acclaimed textbook has been fully revised to reflect the latest advances in geophysical research. Solutions to the numerous exercises are available from www.cambridge.org/9780521893077.Trade Review'… the second edition is significantly improved and augmented … More than ever this book stands out as both an excellent introduction for geophysics undergraduates and a valuable reference text for researchers …'. Astronomy & Geophysics'This fine new geophysics textbook will now be added to the top of my list of recommendations, as it promises to be excellent both for teachers and for those seeking a review of these processes from a geophysical point of view.' Nature' … a superb, clearly laid out text. It covers a broad range of applied geophysics, from bulk Earth structure to the calculation of thermal histories in sedimentary basins.' New Scientist'… deserves to be acclaimed. It is a carefully balanced introduction to the physics of the Earth, and is likely to become quickly the textbook used in most classrooms. The main asset of this book is the good balance between geological applications and geophysical methods.' Geophysics'In summary, this book is an excellent text for a general introductory geophysics class focused on applications to the Earth rather than a rigorous presentation of techniques. I have enjoyed using this book in my beginning physics course with graduate and senior undergraduate students. It is also a useful reference book to have on the shelf.' EOS'… a first-rate, comprehensive text for teaching an audience of earth science students about the multidisciplinary approach that plate tectonics now demands.' Episodes'This is a book to be recommended to anyone, geophysicist, earth scientist, geologist, physicist or mathematician, interested in understanding the workings of the planet we know most about.' Physics of the Earth and Planetary Interiors'This is an excellent textbook and it is a must for anyone seriously wanting to study geophysics … Even for those who just enjoy geophysics it is a great reference and the glossary is invaluable.' Open University Geological Society'The book provides an exciting review of a decade of advances and improved comprehension of the interior working of the Earth. It is truly a wonderful text and a source of reference fro many facts in the field of geoscience.' Environmental Geology'To summarise, Mary Fowler's book is an outstanding work that I strongly recommend to each library and that I advise each geology student to read. As picturesque, informative and scientifically satisfying as the earlier version of the book … .' Journal of Sedimentary ResearchTable of ContentsPreface; Acknowledgements; Sources; 1. Introduction; 2. Tectonics on a sphere: the geometry of plate tectonics; 3. Past plate motions; 4. Seismology: measuring the interior; 5. Gravity; 6. Geochronology; 7. Heat; 8. The deep interior of the Earth; 9. The oceanic lithosphere: ridges, transforms, trenches and oceanic islands; 10. The continental lithosphere; A1. Scalars, vector and differential operators; A2. Theory of elasticity and elastic waves; A3. Geometry of ray paths and inversion of earthquakes body wave time-distance curves; A4. The least-squares method; A5. The error function; A6. Units and symbols; A7. Numerical data; A8. IASP91 Earth model; A9. Preliminary reference Earth model isotropic version - PREM; Glossary; Index.

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Book SynopsisThis edition of Introduction to Applied Geophysics from Cambridge University Press is a re-issue of the W.W. Norton edition (2006). This classic textbook covers the fundamental methods of exploration geophysics in a depth and style both challenging and appropriate to undergraduates, and is supported by an extensive package of software.Table of ContentsPreface; Preface to Computer Materials; 1. Approaching the subsurface; 2. Seismic exploration: fundamental considerations; 3. Seismic exploration: the refraction method; 4. Seismic exploration: the reflection method; 5. Electrical resistivity; 6. Exploration using gravity; 7. Exploration using the magnetic method; 8. Electromagnetic surveying; Appendixes; Index.

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Book SynopsisThis multidisciplinary book, for researchers and graduate students, presents the mathematical underpinnings in the analysis of passive sensor array imaging using ambient noise sources. It also covers a range of related topics, including conventional sensor array imaging, wave propagation in random media, and high frequency wave propagation.Table of ContentsPreface; 1. Introduction and overview of the book; 2. Green's function estimation from noise cross correlations; 3. Travel time estimation from noise cross correlations using stationary phase; 4. Overview of conventional sensor array imaging; 5. Passive array imaging of reflectors using ambient noise illumination; 6. Resolution analysis for passive array imaging using ambient noise illumination; 7. Travel time estimation using ambient noise in weakly scattering media; 8. Correlation-based reflector imaging using ambient noise in weakly scattering media; 9. Virtual source imaging in homogeneous media; 10. Virtual source imaging in scattering media; 11. Imaging with intensity cross correlations; 12. A review of wave propagation in random media; Appendix. Basic facts from analysis and probability; References; Index.

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Book SynopsisA comprehensive, unified treatment of the materials science of deformation as applied to solid Earth geophysics and geology, this textbook is ideal for graduate courses on the rheology and dynamics of solid Earth. It is also a much-needed reference for geoscientists in geology, geophysics, geochemistry, materials science, mineralogy and ceramics.Trade Review'… a welcome addition to textbooks dealing with experimental rock mechanics and its application to natural rock deformation. … provides by far the most comprehensive and authoritative treatment of this field in recent years. … its greatest value lies in the drawing together of traditional topics together with more recent developments such as the thermodynamic aspects of rock deformation and links with whole-Earth geodynamics. This is combined with a clear writing style and excellent illustrations to make this an essential addition to a researcher's bookshelf.' Geological MagazineTable of ContentsPart I. General Background: 1. Stress and strain; 2. Thermodynamics; 3. Phenomenological theory of deformation; Part II. Materials Science of Deformation: 4. Elasticity; 5. Crystalline defects; 6. Experimental techniques in the study of plastic deformation; 7. Brittle fracture, brittle-plastic transition; 8. Diffusional creep; 9. Dislocation creep; 10. Effects of pressure and water; 11. Physical mechanisms of seismic wave attenuation; 12. Deformation of multi-phase materials; 13. Grain size; 14. Lattice preferred orientation; 15. Effects of phase transformations; 16. Stability and localization of deformation; Part III. Geological and Geophysical Applications: 17. Composition and structure of Earth's interior; 18. Time-dependent deformation of Earth and rheological structures; 19. Inference of rheological structure of Earth from mineral physics; 20. Heterogeneity of seismic wave velocities and its geodynamic significance; 21. Seismic anisotropy and its geodynamic significance; References; Index.

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Book SynopsisThis essential reference for graduate students and researchers provides a unified treatment of earthquakes and faulting as two aspects of brittle tectonics at different timescales. The intimate connection between the two is manifested in their scaling laws and populations, which evolve from fracture growth and interactions between fractures. The connection between faults and the seismicity generated is governed by the rate and state dependent friction laws - producing distinctive seismic styles of faulting and a gamut of earthquake phenomena including aftershocks, afterslip, earthquake triggering, and slow slip events. The third edition of this classic treatise presents a wealth of new topics and new observations. These include slow earthquake phenomena; friction of phyllosilicates, and at high sliding velocities; fault structures; relative roles of strong and seismogenic versus weak and creeping faults; dynamic triggering of earthquakes; oceanic earthquakes; megathrust earthquakes in Trade Review'When graduate students or postdocs ask what to read to improve their background in fault mechanics, Christopher H. Scholz's book has always been at the top of my list. This much awaited third edition has been thoroughly updated with the latest findings and insights, from as recent as 2018, and will continue to be an important resource for all geophysicists and geologists interested in active faults.' Roland Bürgmann, University of California, Berkeley'On first publication in 1990, The Mechanics of Earthquakes and Faulting immediately became 'The Book' on the topic. This major revision presents all the new findings from the last fifteen years, including episodic tremor and slip phenomena, the complexity of seismic rupture processes, the mechanics of megathrust faults and associated tsunamis, and lubrication of faults. With its state-of-the art content and rich bibliography of more than 2,000 references, this third edition is a must-read for everyone interested in earthquakes and faults - from undergraduate to the senior research level.' Giulio Di Toro, Padua University, ItalyTable of ContentsPreface to the first edition; Preface to the second edition; Preface to the third edition; 1. Brittle fracture of rock; 2. Rock friction; 3. Mechanics of faulting; 4. Mechanics of earthquakes; 5. The seismic cycle; 6. Seismotronics; 7. Earthquake prediction and hazard analysis; References; Index.

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Book SynopsisA breathtaking and beautiful exploration of our planet, this groundbreaking book accompanies the acclaimed BBC TV series, providing the deepest answers to the simplest questions.Trade ReviewPraise for Professor Brian Cox: ‘Cox’s romantic, lyrical approach to astrophysics all adds up to an experience that feels less like homework and more like having a story told to you. A really good story, too.’ Guardian ‘He bridges the gap between our childish sense of wonder and a rather more professional grasp of the scale of things.’ Independent ‘If you didn’t utter a wow watching the TV, you will while reading the book.’ The Times ‘Engaging, ambitious and creative.’ Guardian ‘In this book of the acclaimed BBC2 TV series, Professor Cox shows us the cosmos as we have never seen it before – a place full of the most bizarre and powerful natural phenomena.’ Sunday Express ‘Will entertain and delight … what a priceless gift that would be.’ Independent on Sunday

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Book SynopsisEerie, fascinating, and often moving, these tales of geologic history and human fortitude and folly will stay with you long after you put the book down.Trade ReviewIf you want to learn more about these disasters than just what's in the news headlines, this is the book for you. -- Ian Paulsen Birdbooker Report 2011Table of ContentsPrefacePrologue: Catastrophism and Uniformitarianism1. Earthquakes: The Earth in Upheaval2. Tsunamis: The Sea Rises Up3. Volcanoes: Hell's Cauldron4. Landslides: Gravity Always Wins5. Floods: Raging Waters6. Hurricanes, Cyclones, and Typhoons: Nature on the Rampage7. Tornadoes: Funnels of Death8. Blizzards: White Death9. Ice Ages: Frozen Planet10. Greenhouse Planet: Too Hot to Handle?11. Mass Extinctions: When Life Nearly Died12. Can We Survive Nature—and Our Own Folly?BibliographyIndex

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Book SynopsisPublished by the American Geophysical Union as part of the Geophysical Monograph Series, Volume 199.Table of ContentsPreface Danny Summers, Ian R. Mann, and Daniel N. Baker ix Introduction Danny Summers, Ian R. Mann, and Daniel N. Baker 1 Section I: Historical Perspective Space Weather: Affecting Technologies on Earth and in Space Louis J. Lanzerotti 11 Section II: Current State of Knowledge of Radiation Belts SAMPEX: A Long-Serving Radiation Belt Sentinel Daniel N. Baker and J. Bernard Blake 21 Large-Amplitude Whistler Waves and Electron Acceleration in the Earth's Radiation Belts: A Review of STEREO and Wind Observations C. A. Cattell, A. Breneman, K. Goetz, P. J. Kellogg, K. Kersten, J. R. Wygant, L. B. Wilson III, M. D. Looper, J. B. Blake, and I. Roth 41 Classification of Pc1-2 Electromagnetic Ion Cyclotron Waves at Geosynchronous Orbit B. J. Fraser, S. K. Morley, R. S. Grew, and H. J. Singer 53 The Role of Ultralow Frequency Waves in Radiation Belt Dynamics Ian R. Mann, Kyle R. Murphy, Louis G. Ozeke, I. Jonathan Rae, David K. Milling, Andy Kale, and Farideh Honary 69 Section III: Space Missions NASA's Radiation Belt Storm Probes Mission: From Concept to Reality R. L. Kessel 93 The Energization and Radiation in Geospace (ERG) Project Y. Miyoshi, T. Ono, T. Takashima, K. Asamura, M. Hirahara, Y. Kasaba, A. Matsuoka, H. Kojima, K. Shiokawa, K. Seki, M. Fujimoto, T. Nagatsuma, C. Z. Cheng, Y. Kazama, S. Kasahara, T. Mitani, H. Matsumoto, N. Higashio, A. Kumamoto, S. Yagitani, Y. Kasahara, K. Ishisaka, L. Blomberg, A. Fujimoto, Y. Katoh, Y. Ebihara, Y. Omura, M. Nosé, T. Hori, Y. Miyashita, Y.-M. Tanaka, T. Segawa, and ERG Working Group 103 RESONANCE Project for Studies of Wave-Particle Interactions in the Inner Magnetosphere M. M. Mogilevsky, L. M. Zelenyi, A. G. Demekhov, A. A. Petrukovich, D. R. Shklyar, and RESONANCE Team 117 Section IV: Modeling and Simulations Global Structure of ULF Waves During the 24–26 September 1998 Geomagnetic Storm Scot R. Elkington, Anthony A. Chan, and Michael Wiltberger 127 ULF Wave–Driven Radial Diffusion Simulations of the Outer Radiation Belt Louis G. Ozeke, Ian R. Mann, Kyle R. Murphy, I. Jonathan Rae, and Anthony A. Chan 139 Nonlinear Radial Transport in the Earth's Radiation Belts B. T. Kress, M. K. Hudson, A. Y. Ukhorskiy, and H.-R. Mueller 151 Section V: Radiation Belt Injections, Dropouts, and Magnetospheric Variability Time Scales for Localized Radiation Belt Injections to Become a Thin Shell M. W. Liemohn, S. Xu, S. Yan, M.-C. Fok, and Q. Zheng 161 Rebuilding Process of the Outer Electron Radiation Belt: The Spacecraft Akebono Observations T. Nagai 177 The Shock Injection of 24 March 1991: Another Look J. B. Blake 189 Outer Radiation Belt Flux Dropouts: Current Understanding and Unresolved Questions D. L. Turner, S. K. Morley, Y. Miyoshi, B. Ni, and C.-L. Huang 195 Rapid Radiation Belt Losses Occurring During High-Speed Solar Wind Stream–Driven Storms: Importance of Energetic Electron Precipitation Aaron T. Hendry, Craig J. Rodger, Mark A. Clilverd, Neil R. Thomson, Steven K. Morley, and Tero Raita 213 Background Magnetospheric Variability as Inferred From Long Time Series of GOES Data David J. Thomson 225 Section VI: Wave-Particle Interactions Generation Processes of Whistler Mode Chorus Emissions: Current Status of Nonlinear Wave Growth Theory Yoshiharu Omura, David Nunn, and Danny Summers 243 Aspects of Nonlinear Wave-Particle Interactions Jay M. Albert, Xin Tao, and Jacob Bortnik 255 Linear and Nonlinear Growth of Magnetospheric Whistler Mode Waves Danny Summers, Rongxin Tang, and Yoshiharu Omura 265 High-Energy Electron Diffusion by Resonant Interactions With Whistler Mode Hiss J.-F. Ripoll and D. Mourenas 281 Recent Advances in Understanding the Diffuse Auroral Precipitation: The Role of Resonant Wave-Particle Interactions Binbin Ni and Richard M. Thorne 291 Section VII: Energy Coupling in the Inner Magnetosphere The Role of the Earth's Ring Current in Radiation Belt Dynamics Vania K. Jordanova 303 Ring Current Asymmetry and the Love-Gannon Relation G. L. Siscoe and M.-C. Fok 315 The Importance of the Plasmasphere Boundary Layer for Understanding Inner Magnetosphere Dynamics Mark B. Moldwin and Shasha Zou 321 The Role of Quiet Time Ionospheric Plasma in the Storm Time Inner Magnetosphere Andrew W. Yau, Andrew Howarth, W. K. Peterson, and Takumi Abe 329 Cold Ion Outflow as a Source of Plasma for the Magnetosphere S. Haaland, K. Li, A. Eriksson, M. André, E. Engwall, M. Förster, C. Johnsen, B. Lybekk, H. Nilsson, N. Ostgaard, A. Pedersen, and K. Svenes 341 What Happens When the Geomagnetic Field Reverses? J. F. Lemaire and S. F. Singer 355 Section VIII: Radiation Belts and Space Weather What the Satellite Design Community Needs From the Radiation Belt Science Community T. P. O'Brien, J. E. Mazur, and T. B. Guild 365 Storm Responses of Radiation Belts During Solar Cycle 23: HEO Satellite Observations J. F. Fennell, S. Kanekal, and J. L. Roeder 371 Colorado Student Space Weather Experiment: Differential Flux Measurements of Energetic Particles in a Highly Inclined Low Earth Orbit X. Li, S. Palo, R. Kohnert, D. Gerhardt, L. Blum, Q. Schiller, D. Turner, W. Tu, N. Sheiko, and C. Shearer Cooper 385 Section IX: Radiation Belts Beyond Earth Radiation Belts of the Solar System and Universe B. H. Mauk 405 Plasma Wave Observations at Earth, Jupiter, and Saturn G. B. Hospodarsky, K. Sigsbee, J. S. Leisner, J. D. Menietti, W. S. Kurth, D. A. Gurnett, C. A. Kletzing, and O. Santolik 415 AGU Category Index 431

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Book SynopsisThe US Antarctic meteorite collection exists due to a cooperative program involving the National Science Foundation (NSF), the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA), and the Smithsonian Institution. Since 1976, meteorites have been collected by a NSF-funded field team, shipped for curation, characterization, distribution, and storage at NASA, and classified and stored for long term at the Smithsonian. It is the largest collection in the world with many significant samples including lunar, martian, many interesting chondrites and achondrites, and even several unusual one-of-a-kind meteorites from as yet unidentified parent bodies. Many Antarctic meteorites have helped to define new meteorite groups. No previous formal publication has covered the entire collection, and an overall summary of its impact and significant samples has been lacking. In addition, available statistics for the collection are out of date and need to be updated for the use of the community. 35 seasons of U.S. Antarctic Meteorites (1976-2011): A Pictorial Guide to the Collection is the first comprehensive volume that portrays the most updatedkey significant meteoritic samples from Antarctica. 35 seasons of U.S. Antarctic Meteorites presents a broad overview of the program and collection nearly four decades after its beginnings. The collection has been a consistent and reliable source of astromaterials for a large, diverse, and active scientific community. Volume highlights include: Overview of the history, field practices, curation approachesSpecial focus on specific meteorite types and the impact of the collection on understanding these groups (primitive chondrites, differentiated meteorites, lunar and martian meteorites)Role of Antarctic meteorites in influencing the determination of space and terrestrial exposure ages for meteoritesStatistical summary of the collection by year, region, meteorite type, as well as a comparison to modern falls and hot desert findsThe central portion of the book features 80 color plates each of which highlights more influential and interesting samples from the collection. 35 seasons of U.S. Antarctic Meteorites would be of special interest to a multidisciplinary audience in meteoritics, including advanced graduate students and geoscientists specializing in mineralogy, petrology, geochemistry, astronomy, near-earth object science, astrophysics, and astrobiology.Table of ContentsPreface v Contributors vii 1 The Origin and Early History of the U.S. Antarctic Search for Meteorites Program (ANSMET) 1Ursula B. Marvin 2 Fieldwork Methods of the U.S. Antarctic Search for Meteorites Program 23Ralph P. Harvey, John Schutt, and Jim Karner 3 Curation and Allocation of Samples in the U.S. Antarctic Meteorite Collection 43Kevin Righter, Cecilia E. Satterwhite, Kathleen M. McBride, Catherine M. Corrigan, and Linda C. Welzenbach Pictorial Guide to Selected Meteorites 4 Primitive Asteroids: Expanding the Range of Known Primitive Materials 65Michael K. Weisberg and Kevin Righter 5 Achondrites and Irons: Products of Magmatism on Strongly Heated Asteroids 79David W. Mittlefehldt and Timothy J. McCoy 6 ANSMET Meteorites from the Moon 101Randy L. Korotev and Ryan A. Zeigler 7 Meteorites from Mars, via Antarctica 131Harry Y. McSween, Jr., Ralph P. Harvey, and Catherine M. Corrigan 8 Meteorite Misfits: Fuzzy Clues to Solar System Processes 145Timothy J. McCoy 9 Cosmogenic Nuclides in Antarctic Meteorites 153Gregory F. Herzog, Marc W. Caffee, and A. J. Timothy Jull 10 A Statistical Look at the U.S. Antarctic Meteorite Collection 173Catherine M. Corrigan, Linda C. Welzenbach, Kevin Righter, Kathleen M. McBride, Timothy J. McCoy, Ralph P. Harvey, and Cecilia E. Satterwhite Index 189

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Book SynopsisDespite of many years of studies, predicting fluid flow, heat, and chemical transport in fractured-porous media remains a challenge for scientists and engineers worldwide. This monograph is the third in a series on the dynamics of fluids and transport in fractured rock published by the American Geophysical Union (Geophysical Monograph Series, Vol. 162, 2005; and Geophysical Monograph, No. 122, 2000). This monograph is dedicated to the late Dr. Paul Witherspoon for his seminal influence on the development of ideas and methodologies and the birth of contemporary fractured rock hydrogeology, including such fundamental and applied problems as environmental remediation; exploitation of oil, gas, and geothermal resources; disposal of spent nuclear fuel; and geotechnical engineering. This monograph addresses fundamental and applied scientific questions and is intended to assist scientists and practitioners bridge gaps in the current scientific knowledge in the areas of theoretical fluids dTrade Review"The topics are covered at a high level, with sufficient references to allow the reader to delve further into the subjects. The level is basic enough, meaning that while the practicing geophysicist will not benefit from the seismic characterization and microseismic chapters, the chapters on drilling and completions and other typically non-geophysical topics are very informative, making this volume a handy reference for any geophysicist involved with unconventionals and wanting to become more familiar with its engineering aspects" Dimitri Bevc, Houston, Texas on behalf of SEG’s The Leading EdgeTable of ContentsContributors vii Preface ix Introduction: Paul Witherspoon and the Birth of Contemporary Fractured Rock HydrogeologyR. Allan Freeze, Iraj Javandel, and Shlomo P. Neuman 1 1 A Complex Systems Approach to Describing Flow and Transport in Fractured-Porous MediaBoris Faybishenko, Sally M. Benson, John E. Gale, and Fred Molz 5 Part I: Methods of Field Measurements and Experiments 2 Fracture Flow and Underground Research Laboratories for Nuclear Waste Disposal and Physics ExperimentsJoseph S. Y. Wang and John A. Hudson 21 3 Permeability Structure of a Strike-Slip FaultKenzi Karasaki, Celia T. Onishi, and Junichi Goto 43 4 Feasibility of Long-Term Passive Monitoring of Deep Hydrogeology with Flowing Fluid Electric Conductivity Logging MethodPrabhakar Sharma, Chin-Fu Tsang, Christine Doughty, Auli Niemi, and Jacob Bensabat 53 Part II: Collective Behavior and Emergent Properties of Complex Fractured Rock Systems 5 Particle Swarms in FracturesEric Boomsma and Laura J. Pyrak-Nolte 65 6 The Effect of Chemical Osmosis on Oil and Gas Production from Fractured Shale FormationsPerapon Fakcharoenphol, Basak Kurtoglu, Hossein Kazemi, Sarinya Charoenwongsa, and Yu-Shu Wu 85 7 An Experimental Investigation of Stress-Dependent Permeability and Permeability Hysteresis Behavior in Rock FracturesDa Huo and Sally M. Benson 99 8 Permeability of Partially Cemented FracturesMichael C. Tsenn 115 9 An Emergent Conductivity Relationship for Water Flow Based on Minimized Energy Dissipation: From Landscapes to Unsaturated SoilsHui-Hai Liu 129 10 Comparison of Simulated Flow in a Discrete Fracture Laboratory Sample Based on Measured Average and Spatially Varying Hydraulic ConductivityEunjeong Seok and John E. Gale 137 Part III: Connection to the Surrounding Environment 11 Fractures as Advective Conduits at the Earth-Atmosphere InterfaceMaria Inés Dragila, Uri Nachshon, and Noam Weisbrod 161 12 Quantifying Water Flow and Retention in an Unsaturated Fracture-Facial DomainJohn R. Nimmo and Siamak Malek-Mohammadi 169 Part IV: Multidisciplinary Research for Different Applications 13 Plutonium Transport in Soil and Plants: An Interdisciplinary Study Motivated by Lysimeter Experiments at the Savannah River SiteFred Molz, Inci Demirkanli, Shannon Thompson, Dan Kaplan, and Brian Powell 183 14 Experimental and Modeling Studies of Episodic Air-Water Two-Phase Flow in Fractures and Fracture NetworksThomas Wood and Hai Huang 209 15 Simulation of THM Processes in Fractured ReservoirsPhilip H. Winterfeld and Yu-Shu Wu 229 Index 243

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Book SynopsisNon-Intrusive Methodologies for Large Area Urban Research brings together contributions from a conference held in 2021 in association with the ERC-funded ‘Rome Transformed’ research project. The papers address a major challenge in archaeology. Non-intrusive research in pursuit of a deeper understanding of urban areas can be both richly informative and cost-effective. Multiple successes in the field have led to an impressive array of innovative methodologies, methodologies that are frequently combined for still greater insight and impact. Geophysical surveys, the use of UAVs, the study of exposed historic structures and the exhaustive examination of archival records can all play a vital role, and the development of these data capture methodologies is of the utmost importance for the future of research. As well as advances in data capture methodologies, however, the papers also present case studies in the management of the big data generated and in the integration of different methodologies. A further strength of this collection lies in the range of site types considered. While many projects have historically pursued non-intrusive research in areas relatively clear of modern buildings, a growing number of research initiatives, such as ‘Rome Transformed’ are seeking to advance them in areas which remain densely occupied. Accordingly the material presented here will also be of interest to non-archaeologists working in such diverse fields as civil engineering, urban planning and physical geography.Table of ContentsIntroduction – I. P. Haynes RT3D stratigraphies: analysis and software design to manage data – V. Bologna, M. Azzari Roman buildings on the western slopes of the Capitol. Investigations and new approach technologies – E. Bianchi, A. Pansini Combining past, present, and future. Non-invasive mapping for the urban archaeology of Ascoli Piceno (Italy) – F. Boschi, E. Giorgi, M. Silani SOS project: a new challenge for a novel approach to the understanding of an important historical city – S. Campana, S. Camporeale, J. Tabolli, R. Pansini, S. Güzel, G. Morelli, F. Pericci, M. Sordini, L. Gentili, F. Gianni, F. Vitali, G. Carpentiero, D. Barbagli Conducting archival research in an interdisciplinary context for Rome Transformed – F. Carboni, E. D’Ignazio The challenge for archaeologists using geophysics in urban areas – M. Dabas, F. Blary, G. Catanzariti Methods and techniques for the interpretation and reconstruction of the ancient landscape outside the Aurelian Walls – E. Demetrescu, C. Gonzalez Esteban, S. Morretta, R. Rea The archaeological area of S. Croce in Gerusalemme: new data for the reconstruction of the ancient landscape – A. De Santis, L. Bottiglieri, D. Colli, C. Rosa, M. Solvi From interpretation to ‘provocation’ and back again: Rome Transformed SCIEDOC and the Ospedale di San Giovanni in Laterano – I. P. Haynes, T. Ravasi, I. Peverett, M. Grellert, M. Simpson Rome Transformed: a multiple method geophysical approach for the urban investigations of the East Caelian – S. Kay, E. Pomar, G. Morelli Three coloniae and three municipia: non-invasive exploration of urban contexts in Roman Hispania – L. Lagóstena, J. A. Ruiz Gil, J. Pérez Marrero, P. Trapero, J. Catalán, I. Rondán-Sevilla, M. Ruiz Barroso The topography of Rome. An outlook for the future – P. Liverani Ground-penetrating radar survey as the linchpin of a multidisciplinary approach to the study of two Roman cities in Lazio – A. Launaro, M. Millett, L. Verdonck, F. Vermeulen A multidisciplinary approach for characterizing the shallow subsoil of the Central Archaeological Area of Rome for geohazard assessment – M. Moscatelli, M. Mancini, F. Stigliano, M. Simionato, C. Di Salvo, G.P. Cavinato, S. Piro Acquisition, integration and interpretation of multiple GPR data sets in urban areas, as part of the ERC Rome Transformed project – S. Piro, D. Zamuner, T. Leti Messina, D. Verrecchia Integrated GPR and laser scanning of Piazza Sant’Anastasia, Rome – E. Pomar, S. Kay, P. Campbell, K. Vuković GPR survey in the Punic harbour of La Martela (El Puerto de Santa Maria, Spain) and the methodology used for the processing and archaeological visualisation of the data – J.A. Ruiz Gil, L. Lagóstena Barrios, J. Pérez Marrero, P. Trapero, J. Catalán, I. Rondán-Sevilla, M. Ruiz Barroso 4D with accuracy: why bother? – A. Schmidt, T. Sparrow, C. Gaffney, V. Gaffney, A. S. Wilson, R.A.E. Coningham SITAR project. New approaches and methods for an open data archaeology of Rome – M. Serlorenzi, A. Cecchetti, A. D’Andrea, F. Lamonaca, G. Leoni, R. Montalbano, S. Picciola Marvellous metadata: managing metadata for the Rome Transformed Project – A. Turner

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