Geophysics Books

Book SynopsisThis book provides a foundation for understanding the vigorous and fascinating field of seismic processing. Written for the non-expert, this two-volume introductory text reveals the limitations and potential pitfalls of seismic data, prepares both seismic interpreters and acquisition specialists for working with seismic processing geophysicists, explains seismic processing operations as a series of solutions to problems, and demonstrates the dependence of a final interpretable seismic volume on its many seismic processing decisions. Although seismic processing is inherently mathematical, this text uses numerous illustrations and real data examples, providing an intuitive understanding of the seismic processing procedures, resorting to an algebra-based argument only on rare occasions. By starting with migration in the first volume and concluding with deconvolution in the second volume, this text presents seismic processing topics in a reversed order compared to a customary processing sequence. The reader will examine input requirements for algorithms and then be equipped to understand the processing flow algorithms themselves.

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Book SynopsisThis second volume provides a foundation for understanding the vigorous, relevant, and fascinating field of seismic processing, addressing that portion which precedes migration. Written for the non-expert, this second volume of the two-volume introductory text reveals the limitations and potential pitfalls of seismic data, prepares both seismic interpreters and acquisition specialists for working with seismic processing geophysicists, explains seismic processing operations as a series of solutions to problems, and demonstrates the dependence of a final interpretable seismic volume on its many seismic processing decisions.Although seismic processing is inherently mathematical, this text uses numerous illustrations and real data examples, providing an intuitive understanding of the seismic processing procedures and resorting to an algebra-based argument only on rare occasions. The first volume starts with migration. This second volume addresses pre-migration processing. In combination, these two volumes present seismic processing topics in order reverse of a typical processing sequence. Through this reverse ordering, the reader understands an algorithm's input requirements, providing motivation for understanding the preceding algorithm in the processing sequence.

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Book SynopsisWritten for practicing geophysicists, Land Seismic Case Studies for Near-Surface Modeling and Subsurface Imaging is a comprehensive guide to understanding and analyzing seismic data. The culmination of land seismic data acquisition and processing projects conducted by the author over the last two decades, this book contains nearly 800 figures from worldwide case studies—conducted in both 2D and 3D. Beginning with Chapter 1 on seismic characterization of the near-surface, Chapter 2 presents near-surface modeling by traveltime and full-wave inversion, Chapter 3 presents near-surface modeling by imaging, and then Chapter 4 includes detailed case studies for near-surface modeling. Chapter 5 reviews single- and multichannel signal processing of land seismic data with the key objective of removing surface waves and guided waves that are characterized as coherent linear noise. Uncommon seismic data acquisition methods, including large-offset acquisition in thrust belts to capture the large-amplitude supercritical reflections, swath-line acquisition, and joint PP and SH-SH seismic imaging are highlighted in Chapter 6, and Chapter 7 presents image-based rms velocity estimation and discusses the problem of velocity uncertainty. The final two chapters focus exclusively on case studies: 2D in Chapter 8 and 3D in Chapter 9. An outstanding teaching tool, this book includes analysis workflows containing processing steps designed to solve specific problems. Essential for anyone involved in acquisition, processing, and inversion of seismic data, this volume will become the definitive reference for understanding how the variables in seismic acquisition are directly reflected in the data.

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Book SynopsisElementary, conceptual, and easy to read, this book describes the methods and techniques used to estimate rock properties from seismic data, based on a sound understanding of the elastic properties of materials and rocks and how the amplitudes of seismic reflections change with those properties. By examining the recorded seismic amplitudes in some detail, we can deduce properties beyond the basic geological structure of the subsurface. We can, using AVO and other amplitude techniques, characterize rocks and the reservoirs inside them with some degree of qualitative, and even quantitative, detail. Mathematics is not ignored, but is kept to a minimum. Intended for geophysicists, seismic acquisition specialists, processors, and interpreters, even those with little previous exposure to "quantitative interpretation", "interpretive processing", or "advanced seismic analysis", this book also would be appropriate for geologists, engineers, and technicians who are familiar with the concepts but need a methodical review as well as managers and businesspeople who would like to obtain an understanding of these concepts.

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Book SynopsisGeoscientists and engineers are very comfortable using seismic data sets acquired with geophones, hydrophones, and accelerometers because we have a long, well-defined set of standards for acquiring, processing, and interpreting them. However, distributed acoustic sensing (DAS) seismic measurements are rapidly augmenting, and in some cases replacing, the data from these conventional tools. Technologists are frequently unaccustomed to using DAS seismic data sets since it directly acquires relative strain or strain rate measurements and not the more familiar pressure, displacement, velocity, and acceleration data. There are also acquisition parameter selections that must be made to optimize the acquired data to accomplish the purpose of the seismic survey. This book is designed to build an intuition and understanding of the value, limitations, and applications of DAS seismic technology.

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Book SynopsisFrom Bohr magneton at the atomic level to van Allen belts in the magnetosphere around the Earth, from an absolute atomic gravimeter to the gravity field curvature, and from Bayesian stochastic inversion to artificial intelligence (AI), this Dictionary contains more than 3,200 entries and presents a terminology-guided summary of the gravity and magnetic theory, measuring instruments, methods of data acquisition, processing, analysis, and interpretation for geophysical studies of the Earth and other planets. Terrestrial applications include engineering (karst and faults), geodesy, geothermal, groundwater, volcano and global tectonic studies, CO2 sequestration and reservoir monitoring, as well as exploration for oil and gas, rare earth elements (REE), iron, gold, and other mineral resources. The terms are extensively cross referenced to other terms in the book. A comprehensive but concise list of referenced also is included.

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Book SynopsisFluids in the pore space of rocks causes attenuation and dispersion by the mechanism broadly known as wave-induced fluid flow. Of particular interest to exploration geophysics is inelastic attenuation and dispersion of body waves (P- and S-waves). Understanding fluid-related dissipation in hydrocarbon reservoir rocks, combined with improved measurements of attenuation and/or dispersion from recorded seismic data, may be used to estimate the hydraulic properties of these rocks. Discussing macroscopic, mesoscopic, and local flow and including theoretical models and experimental evidence, this book presents a systematic treatment of attenuation and dispersion mechanisms relevant to seismic, sonic, and ultrasonic wave propagation.

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Book SynopsisThese three works cover the entire field of formation evaluation, from basic concepts and theories, through standard methods used by the petroleum industry, on to new and exciting applications in environmental science and engineering, hydrogeology, and other fields. Designed to be used individually or as a set, these volumes represent the first comprehensive assessment of all exploration methodologies. No other books offer the breadth of information and range of applications available in this set.Trade Review"…fundamental knowledge and general rules of well logging are gathered and clearly presented and the reviewed book can play important role in the education of log analysts."-Jadwiga Jarzyna, Environmental ProtectionTable of ContentsCONTENTS: Resistivity Methods. Focused Resistivity Methods. Induction Methods. Resistivity Log Interpretation. Spontaneous Potentials. Natural Gamma Radiation. Gamma Ray Spectroscopy. Neutron Porosity Logging. Neutron Activation Methods. Formation Evaluation - Standard Methods. Index.

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Book SynopsisHandbook of Ecotoxicology, Second Edition focuses on toxic substances and how they affect ecosystems worldwide. It presents methods for quantifying and measuring ecotoxicological effects in the field and in the lab, as well as methods for estimating, predicting, and modeling in ecotoxicology studies. Completely revised and updated with 18 new chapters, this second edition includes contributions from over 75 international experts. Also, a Technical Review Board reviewed all manuscripts for accuracy and currency. This authoritative work is the definitive reference for students, researchers, consultants, and other professionals in the environmental sciences, toxicology, chemistry, biology, and ecology - in academia, industry, and government.Trade Review"… This book is destined to be the reference of ecotoxicology, offers a valuable overview of the subject, and constitutes a valuable guide to students, researchers, consultants and other professionals in environmental sciences, toxicology, chemistry, biology, and ecology." - International Journal of Environmental Analytical Chemistry, 2004Table of ContentsQuantifying and Measuring Ecotoxicological Effects. Contaminant Sources and Effects. Case Histories and Ecosystem Surveys. Methods for Making Estimates and Predictability in Ecotoxicology. Special Issues in Ecotoxicology.

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Book SynopsisAlthough the origin of Earth's and other celestial bodies' magnetic fields remains unknown, we do know that the motion of electrically conducting fluids generates and maintains these fields, forming the basis of magnetohydrodynamics (MHD) and, to a larger extent, dynamo theory. Answering the need for a comprehensive, interdisciplinary introduction to this area, Mathematical Aspects of Natural Dynamos provides a foundation in dynamo theory before moving on to modeling aspects of natural dynamos.Bringing together eminent international contributors, the book first introduces governing equations, outlines the kinematic dynamo theory, covers nonlinear effects, including amplitude saturation and polarity reversals, and discusses fluid dynamics. After establishing this base, the book describes the Earth's magnetic field and the current understanding of its characteristics. Subsequent chapters examine other planets in our solar system and the magnetic field of stars, including the sun. The book also addresses dynamo action on the large scale of galaxies, presents modeling experiments of natural dynamos, and speculates about future research directions.After reading this well-illustrated, thorough, and unified exploration, you will be well prepared to embark on your own journey through this fascinating area of research.Trade Review"Dormy and Soward are the editors of the book, they have done a magnificent job in taking what was evidently a series of paper written by scientists from around the world and combining them into a single book that has a consistent tone throughout out." – In Books-on-Line, August 2007". . . the quality of the text is high, and the content is far from reiterating previous works . . . highly recommended; particularly those new to the field, but also as a reference and refresher for those already immersed in the topic." – Graeme Sarson, University of Newcastle, in GAFD, September 2008Table of ContentsPreface. Introduction to Self-Excited Dynamo Action. Nonlinearities and Saturation. Dynamics of Rotating Fluids. The Geodynamo. Planetary Dynamos. Stellar Dynamos. Galactic Dynamos. Survey of Experimental Results. Prospects. Appendices. References. Indices.

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Book SynopsisRock mechanics is the theoretical and applied science of the mechanical behaviour of rock and rock masses. Rock mechanics, as applied in mining, petroleum, and civil engineering practice, is concerned with the application of the principles of engineering mechanics to the design of the rock structures. This book examines the hydraulic characterisation of fractured rocks, with specific reference to the fluid flow in single fractures, the interpretation of hydraulic tests, the geometrical characterisation and modelling of fracture networks. An appropriate model for the fluid flow and transport in fractured formations is based on these items. Indications are also given about the best strategy to undertake in order to set up this model. This book develops the conditions, criteria, basic approaches and test case results for establishing the elastic compliance tensor, hydraulic permeability tensor, and numerical techniques for investigating stress effect on hydraulic behaviour of fractured rocks. The correlation between the fracture aperture and size (represented by trace length) is also examined. In addition, the role of CO2 saturated water on the fracturing behaviour of rock samples and the geomaterials geotechnical parameter changes after subjection to environmental solutions are examined.

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Book SynopsisThis book describes the impact, stability and designs of dams, which are based upon structural, geotechnical and hydraulic properties. The impact of the dam structure on the upstream and downstream catchments are considered: e.g., sediment trap, fish migration, downstream water quality, and modifications of the water table and associated impacts (salinity). The impact dams have on the survival of certain fish is also reviewed. For example, dams impact the survival of juvenile anadromous fishes by obstructing migration corridors, lowering water quality, delaying migrations, and entraining fish in turbine discharge. To reduce these impacts, structural and operational modifications to dams- such as voluntary spill discharge, turbine intake guidance screens, and surface flow outlets are instituted. These data on the operational and structural changes to the dams for the benefit of anadromous fish populations are examined. This book also describes the bankfull hydraulic geometry adjustments caused by check dams. The concrete-face rockfill dam (CFRD), a simple dam type which has remarkable economical, ecological and environmental benefits, is analysed as well, as it has become one of the most widely used dam types. Finally, this book explores two aspects related to the environmental impacts that trigger the construction of hydrological correction check dams: the erosion caused within the riverbeds and the ploughing and soil movements made by the opening of paths in order to grant access to the check dams.

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Book SynopsisThe cryosphere encompasses all regions of the planet that experiences water in ice form for some portion of the year. In this book, authors Melody Sandells and Daniela Flocco deliver an introduction to the physics of the cryosphere. This includes the Arctic, Antarctic, large parts of North America, Eurasia, and some parts of the Southern Hemisphere. Frozen soil, permafrost, snow, glaciers, ice sheet and ice shelves; river, lake and sea ice are all features of the Earth’s surface in the cryosphere, with snow and sea ice being among the most dynamic.Researchers in this and related fields can use this book as a quick introduction or refresher to the topic of the physics of the cryosphere.

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Book SynopsisThis book presents original research results on the leading edge of physics. Each article has been carefully selected in an attempt to present substantial research across a broad spectrum. Topics include a gamma spectroscopy study of natural radioactivity in soil, sediment, drinking and brine waters in communities of the oil rich Niger Delta Region, Nigeria; nature and properties of axions from the sun, archernar and gas giants; new developments of light-front dynamics in hadron physics; mesonic Lipschitz monoids; estimates for parameters and characteristics of the confining SU(3)-gluonic field in neutral vector mesons from leptonic widths; and manifestation of the strong nuclear interactions in the isotope-induced band-gap opening of graphene.

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Book SynopsisThis book presents current research in the field of geophysics, particularly referring to some principles, applications and emerging technologies. Topics discussed comprehend environmental geophysics, with an explanation of geophysical methods ("seismic refraction and reflection techniques", "seismic analysis of surface waves", "electrical methods", "gravimetric and microgravimetric methods", "magnetic and electromagnetic methods") and new methodologies of processing and interpretation with examples in the area of Greece; applications of innovative geophysical techniques in other coastal areas, showing a new approach to seismic data acquisition, joining up land and marine seismic data through a marine streamer connected to a land cable with examples in Procida and Ventotene islands (Southern Italy); marine geophysics of Naples Bay focusing on seismic and magnetic data offshore the Vesuvius, Phlegrean Fields, Ischia and Procida volcanic complexes and a technological evolution in seismic data acquisition from explosive, Sparker and Watergun seismic sources towards new techniques, including MEAS (Multispot Extended Array Sparker) used in marine geological mapping of Southern Italy''s continental shelf and slope. Other topics in this book include oceanographic aspects regarding the oceanic oscillation phenomena and their relationships with the synchronisation and stochastic resonance, particularly referring to the transitions among stable and unstable states of western boundary currents, such as the Kuroshio in Japan and investigating their occurrence in general oceanographic circulation as a rhythmic natural phenomena; oceanographic aspects regarding the assessment of ocean variability in the Sicily Channel (Southern Italy) through a numerical 3D model based on Empirical Orthogonal Functions (EOF) analysis aimed at studying the seasonal and interannual variability of oceanographic circulation and hydrology, and extending down to the African coast, involving the Tunisian and Lybian continental shelves (Mediterranean sea); and finally, experimental application of distributed optical fiber sensors through Brillouin Optical Time Domain Analysis (BOTDA) to the monitoring of artificially induced cracks opening in the volcanic rocky slope of the Coroglio coastal cliff (Naples, Southern Italy) aimed at the development of early warning systems and geomorphological setting of coastal cliffs, characterised by a rocks falls, topples and slides.

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Book SynopsisGeophysics is a term that might discourage any but the most inquisitive Earth Scientist but, simply put, it is the study of the Physics of the Earth. As the Earth is very large and relatively slow-moving it is described by the classical Physics disciplines such as heat, gravity, magnetism, electricity, vibrations and waves. Everything we know about the deep Earth, apart from the superficial pinpricks provided by boreholes, we have learned from geophysics. In this approachable and well-illustrated introduction to the many multi-disciplinary facets of geophysics, Peter Styles has kept mathematics to a bare minimum. The composition of the Earth, its geothermal heat flow and the forces which drive Plate Tectonics and which make the Earth a dynamic system are discussed, as is the application of seismology which allows us to ‘see’ the complex structures which are hidden deep below the surface of our planet. The Earth’s magnetic field and its variations over time are described and we learn how these changes are recorded in sedimentary rocks and the ocean crust, allowing us to chart tectonic plate motions. Earth’s electrical properties and its gravity and the role these play in understanding the deep Earth and its evolution are explained clearly. A key aspect of the book, as befits a scientist whose working life has been devoted to Applied Geophysics, is a clear detailing of the application of Geophysics to practical matters. While geophysics plays a crucial role in surveying for hydrocarbon and mineral resources; it is also a fundamental environmental tool to look for hidden dangers beneath the surface, such as caves and old mine workings; for managing pollution and environmental hazards; and, most recently, for looking for and monitoring safe and secure places to store our manifold wastes, such as Carbon Dioxide and spent nuclear material. Readers will soon appreciate that the popular perceptions of practical geophysics as used in archaeology or forensics is merely a glimmer of the many crucial applications of this science to all our lives.Trade Review‘This book therefore attempts to fiIl a gaping void in knowledge for many people. Not only does it do that, it also serves to show the enormous job that geophysicists do. It's thanks to them that we are able to find and exploit oil and gas reserves and metalliferous deposits. As we've come to expect from this series of Dunedin books. it's well designed with numerous full colour photographs, diagrams and maps. Highly recommended.’ Down to Earth'This short but informative book is a further addition to the series of introductory books on earth sciences produced by Dunedin. It demonstrates the importance of geophysics in an introductory and engaging way. Almost all of our knowledge about the subsur­face of the Earth, from a few tens of metres down to the centre of the core, has come from geophysical studies. Fortunately, the Earth is a large and slow-moving body, so we can ignore both quantum physics and relativity; the principles of geophysics can be developed by the use of classical physics together with math­ematics. In this book the author has minimised the maths to make the volume as accessible and attractive as possible… Once the reader has worked through this book, he/she will be in a good position to tackle some of the more advanced books suggested in the ‘Further Reading’ suggestions. The book is well illustrated with clear diagrams and pictures, and supported by a detailed and comprehensive glossary of more than 140 entries that are also referenced back to the main text, doubling its use as an index.' Proceedings of the OUGSTable of ContentsContents: Preface; Acknowledgements. Sourced illustrations. Introduction and scene setting. 1. Heat flow and the driving forces; 2. Seismology and seismic exploration; 3. The Earth’s magnetic field and its implications; 4. Electrical properties of the Earth; 5. Gravity: the figure and structure of the Earth; 6. Geophysics goes to work! Glossary. Further reading.

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Book SynopsisNon-Intrusive Methodologies for Large Area Urban Research brings together contributions from a conference held in 2021 in association with the ERC-funded ‘Rome Transformed’ research project. The papers address a major challenge in archaeology. Non-intrusive research in pursuit of a deeper understanding of urban areas can be both richly informative and cost-effective. Multiple successes in the field have led to an impressive array of innovative methodologies, methodologies that are frequently combined for still greater insight and impact. Geophysical surveys, the use of UAVs, the study of exposed historic structures and the exhaustive examination of archival records can all play a vital role, and the development of these data capture methodologies is of the utmost importance for the future of research. As well as advances in data capture methodologies, however, the papers also present case studies in the management of the big data generated and in the integration of different methodologies. A further strength of this collection lies in the range of site types considered. While many projects have historically pursued non-intrusive research in areas relatively clear of modern buildings, a growing number of research initiatives, such as ‘Rome Transformed’ are seeking to advance them in areas which remain densely occupied. Accordingly the material presented here will also be of interest to non-archaeologists working in such diverse fields as civil engineering, urban planning and physical geography.Table of ContentsIntroduction – I. P. Haynes RT3D stratigraphies: analysis and software design to manage data – V. Bologna, M. Azzari Roman buildings on the western slopes of the Capitol. Investigations and new approach technologies – E. Bianchi, A. Pansini Combining past, present, and future. Non-invasive mapping for the urban archaeology of Ascoli Piceno (Italy) – F. Boschi, E. Giorgi, M. Silani SOS project: a new challenge for a novel approach to the understanding of an important historical city – S. Campana, S. Camporeale, J. Tabolli, R. Pansini, S. Güzel, G. Morelli, F. Pericci, M. Sordini, L. Gentili, F. Gianni, F. Vitali, G. Carpentiero, D. Barbagli Conducting archival research in an interdisciplinary context for Rome Transformed – F. Carboni, E. D’Ignazio The challenge for archaeologists using geophysics in urban areas – M. Dabas, F. Blary, G. Catanzariti Methods and techniques for the interpretation and reconstruction of the ancient landscape outside the Aurelian Walls – E. Demetrescu, C. Gonzalez Esteban, S. Morretta, R. Rea The archaeological area of S. Croce in Gerusalemme: new data for the reconstruction of the ancient landscape – A. De Santis, L. Bottiglieri, D. Colli, C. Rosa, M. Solvi From interpretation to ‘provocation’ and back again: Rome Transformed SCIEDOC and the Ospedale di San Giovanni in Laterano – I. P. Haynes, T. Ravasi, I. Peverett, M. Grellert, M. Simpson Rome Transformed: a multiple method geophysical approach for the urban investigations of the East Caelian – S. Kay, E. Pomar, G. Morelli Three coloniae and three municipia: non-invasive exploration of urban contexts in Roman Hispania – L. Lagóstena, J. A. Ruiz Gil, J. Pérez Marrero, P. Trapero, J. Catalán, I. Rondán-Sevilla, M. Ruiz Barroso The topography of Rome. An outlook for the future – P. Liverani Ground-penetrating radar survey as the linchpin of a multidisciplinary approach to the study of two Roman cities in Lazio – A. Launaro, M. Millett, L. Verdonck, F. Vermeulen A multidisciplinary approach for characterizing the shallow subsoil of the Central Archaeological Area of Rome for geohazard assessment – M. Moscatelli, M. Mancini, F. Stigliano, M. Simionato, C. Di Salvo, G.P. Cavinato, S. Piro Acquisition, integration and interpretation of multiple GPR data sets in urban areas, as part of the ERC Rome Transformed project – S. Piro, D. Zamuner, T. Leti Messina, D. Verrecchia Integrated GPR and laser scanning of Piazza Sant’Anastasia, Rome – E. Pomar, S. Kay, P. Campbell, K. Vuković GPR survey in the Punic harbour of La Martela (El Puerto de Santa Maria, Spain) and the methodology used for the processing and archaeological visualisation of the data – J.A. Ruiz Gil, L. Lagóstena Barrios, J. Pérez Marrero, P. Trapero, J. Catalán, I. Rondán-Sevilla, M. Ruiz Barroso 4D with accuracy: why bother? – A. Schmidt, T. Sparrow, C. Gaffney, V. Gaffney, A. S. Wilson, R.A.E. Coningham SITAR project. New approaches and methods for an open data archaeology of Rome – M. Serlorenzi, A. Cecchetti, A. D’Andrea, F. Lamonaca, G. Leoni, R. Montalbano, S. Picciola Marvellous metadata: managing metadata for the Rome Transformed Project – A. Turner

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Book SynopsisWe live in a 'risk society' where the identification, distribution and management of risks, from new technology, environmental factors or other sources are crucial to our individual and social existence. In The Social Contours of Risk, Volumes I and II, two of the world's leading and most influential analysts of the social dimensions of risk bring together their most important contributions to this fundamental and wide-ranging field. Volume I collects their fundamental work on how risks are communicated among different publics and stakeholders, including local communities, corporations and the larger society. It analyses the problems of lack of transparency and trust, and explores how even minor effects can be amplified and distorted through media and social responses, preventing effective management. The final section investigates the difficult ethical issues raised by the unequal distribution of risk depending on factors such as wealth, location and genetic inheritance - with examples from worker and public protection, facility-siting conflicts, transporting hazardous waste and widespread impacts such as climate change. Volume II centres on the analysis and management of risk in society, in international business and multinationals, and globally. The 'acceptability' of risk to an individual depends on the context, whether the larger society or in, for example, a corporate framework. Their work clarifies the structures and processes for managing risks in the private sector and the factors that produce or impede effective decisions. The authors demonstrate that corporate culture is crucial in determining risk management. They analyse the transfer of corporate risk management systems from industrial to developing countries, and how globalization is spreading and creating new kinds of risk - the combination of traditional and modern hazards presented by climate change, technology transfer and economic growth. They describe the new priorities and capacities needed to deal with these enhanced vulnerabilities around the globe.Table of ContentsVolume I * PART 1 - COMMUNICATING RISK AND INVOLVING PUBLICS * Six Propositions on Public Participation and Their Relevance for Risk Communication * Social Distrust as a Factor in Siting Hazardous Facilities and Communicating Risks * Evaluating Risk Communication * Considerations and Principles for Risk Communication for Industrial Accidents * Risk and the Stakeholder Express * PART 2 THE SOCIAL AMPLIFICATION OF RISK * The Social Amplification of Risk: A Conceptual Framework * Hidden Hazards * Media Risk Signals and the Proposed Yucca Mountain Nuclear Waste Repository, 1985-1989 * Stigma and the Social Amplification of Risk: Towards a Framework of Analysis * Risk, Trust and Democratic Theory * The Social Amplification of Risk: Assessing 15 Years of Research and Theory * PART 3 RISK AND ETHICS * Responding to the Double Standard of Worker/Public Protection * Developmental and Geographical Equity in Global Environmental Change: A Framework for Analysis * Redirecting the US High-Level Radioactive Waste Programme * Siting Hazardous Facilities: Searching for Effective Institutions and Processes * Climate Change, Vulnerability and Social Justice * Volume II * PART 1 RISK AND SOCIETY: FRAMING THE ISSUES * Acceptability of Human Risk * Societal Response to Hazards and Major Hazard Events: Comparing Natural and Technological Hazards* Large-scale Nuclear Risk Analysis: Its Impacts and Future * PART 2 CORPORATIONS AND RISK * Corporate Management of Health and Safety Hazards: Current Practice and Needed Research * Avoiding Future Bhopals * Emergency Planning for Industrial Crises: An Overview * Corporate Culture and Technology Transfer * Industrial Risk Management in India Since Bhopal * PART 3 THE GLOBALIZATION OF RISK * Hazards in Developing Countries: Cause for Global Concern * Priorities in Profile: Managing Risks in Developing Countries * Risk and Criticality: Trajectories of Regional Environmental * (Assessing the Vulnerability of Coastal Communities to Extreme Storms: The Case of Revere, Massachusetts, US * Border Crossings * Vulnerability to Global Environmental Change *

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Book SynopsisThere is an increasing dissatisfaction about how risk is regulated, leading to vivid debates about the use of 'risk assessment' and 'precaution'. As a result, academics, government officials and industry leaders are calling for new approaches and fresh ideas. This book provides a historical and topical perspective on the alternative concept of 'Tolerability of Risk' and its concrete regulatory applications. In the UK, Tolerability of Risk has been developed into a sophisticated framework, particularly within the health and safety sectors. It is expected to guide decision-makers when applying their legal obligation of keeping risks as low as practically reasonable. Could Tolerability of Risk become a wider source of inspiration across the full scope of risk analysis and management? Written by leading academics and risk practitioners from industry and government, The Tolerability of Risk presents a summary of theoretical perspectives on risk approaches, providing a detailed elicitation of the methods and approaches used to build the Tolerability of Risk framework and examining the prospect of universal application of that framework. From nuclear power to environmental pollution, climate change and drug testing, the Tolerability of Risk framework may offer a workable, pragmatic solution for balancing risks against the costs involved in controlling them, as well as developing the institutional capacity to make effective decisions in all jurisdictions worldwide.Trade Review'The Tolerability of Risk... offers a well-reasoned pitch on behalf of a framework for risk managers who need to move from a risk problem to a management solution and who want to do so with sensitivity to the many likely constituents who will perceive a stake in the outcome.' Science CommunicationTable of Contents* Introduction * Part I - Concepts * Components of the Risk Governance Framework * The Risk Handling Chain * Wider Governance Issues * Part II - Experiences * A Historical Perspective on Tolerability of Risk * Tolerability of Risk: The Regulator's Story * Applying the HSE's Risk Decision Model: Reducing Risks, Protecting People * What Makes Tolerability of Risk Work? Exploring the Limitations of its Applicability to Other Risk Fields * Conclusion * Index

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Book Synopsis'An impressive accomplishment. Al Gore, Former Vice President of the US, co-recipient of the 2007 Nobel Peace Prize, and author of An Inconvenient Truth Offers positive solutions that no rational person, organization or government can ignore - except at their peril. Stephen H. Schneider, Professor for Interdisciplinary Environmental Studies, Stanford University, and author of The Genesis Strategy: Climate and Global Survival The science is clear and the message of this book is that there is no more time for delay. Rosina M. Bierbaum, Dean, University of Michigan While changes in emissions and atmospheric concentrations of greenhouse gases are projected to be slow and smooth, the intensity and impacts of climate change on the environment and society could be abrupt and erratic. Surprising and nonlinear responses are likely to occur as warming exceeds certain thresholds, inducing relatively rapid and disruptive changes in the Greenland and West Antarctic ice sheets, precipitation intensity and patterns, coastal inundation, the occurrence of wildfire, the ranges of plant and animal species and more. Written by a transdisciplinary group of internationally respected researchers, this book explores the possibilities of such changes, their significance for society and efforts to move more rapidly to limit climate change than current government measures.Trade Review'An excellent, broad-ranging overview.' Future Survey 'Recommended' ChoiceTable of ContentsForeword by Ambassador John Ashton * Introduction * Part I: The Potential for Rapid Changes to the Weather and Climate * Introduction to Part I * Ten Reasons Why Climate Change May be More Severe than Projected * Potential Increased Hurricane Activity in a Greenhouse Warmed World * Potential Effects of Weather Extremes and Climate Change on Human Health * Part II: The Potential for Rapid Melting of Ice and Amplification of Sea Level Rise * Introduction to Part II * Changes in Polar Sea Ice Coverage * Changes in the Greenland Ice Sheet and Implications for Global Sea Level Rise * Why Predicting West Antarctic Ice Sheet Behavior is So Hard: What We Know, What We Don t Know and How We Will Find Out * Part III: The Potential for Dramatic Changes in Coastal Regions * Introduction to Part III * The Potential for Significant Impacts on Chesapeake Bay from Global Warming * The Northern Gulf of Mexico Coast: Human Development Patterns, Declining Ecosystems and Escalating Vulnerability to Storms and Sea Level Rise * Threats and Responses Associated with Rapid Climate Change in Metropolitan New York * Increasing the Resilience of Our Coasts: Coastal Collision Course of Rising Sea Level, Storms, Coastal Erosion and Development * Preparing and Protecting American Families from the Onslaught of Catastrophe * Part IV: The End of Evolution? The Potential for Rapid Changes in Ecosystems * Introduction to Part IV * Where Will Ecosystems Go? * Increasing Vulnerability of Alaska‘s Boreal Forest as a Result of Climate Warming and the Changing Fire Regime * Polar Bears in a Warming Arctic * Part V: The Potential for Accelerating Action to Limit Climate Change * Introduction to Part V * International Action to Buffer Against the Rapid Onset of Climate Change * A Moral and Profitable Path to Climate Stabilization * Moving Toward Climate Stabilization: Icelands Example * Climate Impacts in the Developing World: A Case Study of the Small Island States * Stimulating a Clean Energy Revolution

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Book SynopsisThe determination of when, how, how often and with whom an animal breeds is moving rapidly away from evolutionary pressures and towards human purposes: these include the breeding of around 50 billion mammals and birds for food production annually, the breeding of pedigree dogs and cats, racing dogs and horses, specialised laboratory animal strains and the use of reproductive science to conserve endangered species or breeds and to limit unwanted populations of pests and non-native species. But the ethics and sustainability of this takeover of animals' reproductive lives have been insufficiently examined by either professionals or the public. This book discusses the methods, the motivations and the consequences of human intervention in animal breeding in terms of animal health, behaviour and well-being. It explores where we are now and the choices ahead, and looks to a future where we have more respect for animals as sentient beings and where we could loosen the reins of reproductive control.Trade Review'This new book by Jacky Turner shakes the foundations of animal breeding on the grounds that too often it brings consequences that are unforeseen, unjustified, or just plain unfair. Her case is built on a persuasive mixture of compassion, good writing and hard evidence. It needed to be said, it is said well and it concerns us all.' Professor John Webster, University of Bristol, UK 'Very relevant to today's debates about animal welfare and breeding. This book should appeal to a broad audience of informed members of the public, welfare scientists, animal industrialists, and others associated with animal management.' Professor Clive Phillips, Foundation Chair of Animal Welfare, School of Veterinary Science, University of Queensland, Australia 'This important book looks at some of the most urgent animal welfare issues facing global animal production over the coming decades.' Philip Lymbery, Chief Executive, Compassion in World Farming 'This interesting, eye-opening work will appeal to a wide range of readers.' ChoiceTable of ContentsIntroduction 1. The Industrialisation of Animal Genetics 2. Breeding for Productivity 3. Productivity and Animal Health 4. Productivity and Welfare: Animal Behaviour 5. Companion Animal Breeding: Ideal Standards 6. Companion Animal Breeding: Welfare, Professionals and Owners 7. Sports Animals: Breeding Gladiators 8. Surpluses and Rejects 9. Traditional, Rare and Fancy Breeds 10. Pedigrees and Purity 11. Population Control: Pests, Aliens and Endangered Species 12. Laboratory Animal Breeding: Designed for Science 13. Eugenics, Commerce and Control in Human and Animal Reproduction Index

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Book SynopsisThis new anthology is a comprehensive introduction to the field of risk theory. The introduction provides the ideal starting point for students and professionals new to risk studies and offers a concise refresher for researchers and practitioners. Coverage includes the origins of the 'concept of risk' and its often misunderstood cousin 'uncertainty,' before moving on to address risk perception, risk communication, the idea of trust and post trust as well as risk in policy and regulation with a close look at the Precautionary Principle. Following the introduction, the volume includes a selection of the most significant and influential works on risk in their entirety. These selections, organized thematically to cover the breadth and depth of the field, provide greater detail and elaborate on the key themes and major developments in risk studies. Together they comprise the essential literature necessary for a full understanding of risk theory and practice on any issue and in any context.Trade Review�The collection of papers selected for this volume provides an excellent and representative overview of risk research in philosophical, psychological and social perspectives. This reader combines, in a unique way, breadth, substance and relevance.� ORTWIN RENN, Professor and Chair of Environmental Sociology, Stuttgart State University, Germany �L�fstedt and Boholm show the complexity of risk decisions and the richness of risk research, with a collection ranging from seminal articles to current research. It will reward students, scholars, officials, and citizens trying to follow the action in risk controversies.� BARUCH FISCHHOFF, Howard Heinz University Professor, Carnegie Mellon University, and former President of the Society for Risk Analysis 'The Earthscan Reader on Risk is an excellent introduction for students, professionals, and even lay readers.' 'Especially recommended as a refresher text for researchers or practitioners in the field of risk management, as well as for college and university library collections' The Midwest Book Review, 2009.Table of ContentsPart I: The Concept of Risk * The Policy Implications of Differing Concepts of Risk * A Philosophical Perspective on Risk * Uncertain Times * The Notion of 'Risk' and the Development of Modernity * Part II: Risk Perception * Gender, Race, and Perceived Risk* How Safe is Safe Enough? A Psychometric Study of Attitudes towards Technological Risks and Benefits * Risk as Feelings * Part III: Communication about Risk * Accounting for the Social Context of Risk Communication * Risk Communication and Management in the 21st Century * Part IV: Trust and Post-Trust * Exploring the Dimensionality of Trust in Risk Regulation * Salient Value Similarity, Social Trust, and Risk/Benefit Perception * Part V: Policy and Regulation * Risk-based Decision Analysis in Support of Precautionary Policies * Risk Regulation Under Pressure: Problem Solving or Blame Shifting? * The Precautionary Principle and its Policy Implications * Uncertainty and Environmental Learning:* Index

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Book SynopsisGoverning environmental risk, particularly large-scale transboundary risks associated with climate change and pollution, is one of the most pressing problems facing society . This book focuses on a set of key questions relating to environmental regulation: How are activities regulated in a fragmented world - a world of nation states, regulators, domestic and international law and political contests - and one in which a range of actors, such as governments, corporations and NGOs act in order to influence regulations in specific policy areas? How are complex and trans-boundary environmental issues managed? What role does expert knowledge play in regulating this kind of issues? What give rules authority? In short, how do actors try to render an issue governable? Drawing on regulation theory, discourse theory and science and technology studies, and employing original research, the authors analyse the regulation of four kinds of complex and trans-boundary environmental issues: oil protection in the Baltic Sea, mobile phones and radiation protection, climate change adaptation and genetically modified crops. The outcomes include insights for policymakers, regulators and researchers into how dominant frames are constructed, legitimate actors are configured and authority is established. This in turn exposes the conditions for, and possibility of, developing regulation, making authoritative rules and shaping relevant knowledge in order to govern complex environmental risks.Trade Review'This is a thought provoking, well written, and important book that will be an essential read for anyone who cares about transboundary risk governance.' Ragnar E. Löfstedt, Professor of Risk Management and the Director of King's Centre for Risk Management, King's College London, UK 'Regulation is contested, most notably for these authors because of who is allowed to participate and the norms it sends. The authors combine a variety of approaches from social theory, sociology and the social studies of science to a study of four recent European technical regulatory topics. Their work yields a nuanced view of the various social factors s and actors that shape the contemporary European regulatory agenda, including the sensible conclusion that the state remains an important, although not the only, actor in governing globalization. This book is highly recommended for those who seek to better understand the effects of globalization on national and international regulation.' Peter M. Haas, Professor of Political Science, University of Massachusetts Amherst 'Transboundary Risk Governance deals with the most pressing issue of our age - how to create integrated regulatory practices adequate to problems which do not respect national boundaries. Drawing on case material across four different fields of regulatory attention - pollution, climate change, mobile phone radiation and GM food safety - the authors ably demonstrate how complex uncertainties are framed by different bodies and experts to make them governable as risks. This book spans the fields of political science, public administration, international relations, and risk and regulation studies, and is essential reading for scholars and practitioners alike.' Michael Power, Professor of Accounting, Centre for the Analysis of Risk and Regulation (CARR), London School of Economics and Political Science 'Transboundary Risk Governance is an important addition to our understanding of environmental risks and the way in which such risks become governable issues. This book has several strengths: it is not afraid to interrogate our most taken for granted processes ('Why make rules?'); its four case studies are built around original and important research carried out by the authors; but above all, by bringing together the salient questions in regulation theory, discourse theory, and Science and Technology Studies the book has been able to explore issues of environmental risk and regulation as subtle, ongoing, and provisional social processes. We will need this understanding to create better environment-society relationships in the future.' Claire Waterton, Senior Lecturer in Environment and Society, Director of the Centre for the Study of Environmental Change, Department of Sociology, Lancaster University, Lancaster, UK. 'Insights from this book will increase the effectiveness of all actors as they engage in efforts to regulate transboundary environmental risks.' Environmental Health Perspectives.Table of ContentsPreface Foreword by Alan Irwin 1. Regulating Risk in a Fragmented World 2. Making Rules and Shaping Knowledge 3. Mobile Telephony and Radiation Protection: Regulating Risk or Local Self-Governance 4. Oil Transports in the Baltic Sea: Environmental Protection and the Freedom of the High Seas 5. Climate Change Adaptation: Regulation under Formation 6. Regulating Coexistence: The Creation of New Discursive Sites for the Battle over GM Crops 7. Co-Producing Frames, Actors and Knowledges References

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Book SynopsisOne of the major problems facing practitioners and scientists working with water management is how to integrate knowledge and experiences from scientific, policy and stakeholder perspectives. In this book this science-policy-stakeholder interface (SPSI) is examined both analytically and through the description of practical experiences from river basins in Europe, India and South-East Asia. These include the Tungabhadra (India), Sesan (Vietnam/Cambodia), Tagus (Spain/Portugal) and Glomma (Norway), which particularly highlight issues associated with pollution, severely altered river flows and transboundary conflicts. Following two chapters which lay the framework for the book the authors describe how SPSI was managed in the case study basins and how stakeholder participation and scenarios were used to integrate different perspectives, and to facilitate the communication of different forms of knowledge. Four important aspects of water management and SPSI are then discussed; these are water pollution, land and water interaction, environmental flow and transboundary water regimes. Short descriptions of the case study rivers are provided together with analyses of how SPSI was managed in water management in these basins and policy recommendations for the basins. The book concludes by providing a series of recommendations for improving the science-policy-stakeholder interface in water management. It represents a major step forward in our understanding of how to implement integrated water resources management. Trade Review'There is a fast growing field of interest around the coupling between scientific results and policy uptake. This highly updated book reflects upon these issues in the context water management. An important feature of the book is the discussion of science-policy interfacing needs with practical examples from four river large basins. The book will be a valuable reference for others engaging in research for sustainable development as well as policy-makers and stakeholders involved in IWRM implementation and development.' Philippe Quevauviller, DG Research, European Commission, and Dept. of Hydrology and Hydrological Engineering, Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB) 'Integrating different forms of experts' and local knowledge is increasingly needed to cope with the challenge of managing complex socio-ecological systems. This book, by a highly interdisciplinary, multinational team, describes and reflects upon sustainability challenges in the context of integrated water resource management (IWRM). The authors' analysis of these challenges, however, translates beyond the water context into useful insights for a much broader community of sustainability-oriented researchers and practitioners.' Carlo Sessa, Institute of Studies for the Integration of Systems. RomeTable of ContentsList of Contributors Acronyms Preface 1. Introduction: The Science-Policy-Stakeholder Interface (SPSI) 2. Putting the 'Integration' In Science-Policy-Stakeholders Interface 3. SPSI and Stakeholder Participation 4. The Science-Policy-Stakeholder Interface in Sustainable Water Management: Creating Interactive, Participatory Scenarios Together with Stakeholders 5. The Science-Policy-Stakeholders Interface in Water Pollution Assessment 6. The Science-Policy-Stakeholder-Interface (SPSI) in Land and Water Use Interactions 7. SPSI and Environmental Flow 8. The SPSI and Transboundary Water Regimes 9. SPSI in Water Management- Lessons Learnt and the Challenges Ahead Index

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Book SynopsisAround the world, asbestos-related diseases are on the increase. Meanwhile, in many newly-industrializing and developing countries, asbestos use continues unabated. This book, based on anthropological fieldwork in the UK, India and South Africa, explores people's understandings of their illness, risk, compensation and regulation, contrasting these personal and community narratives with formal medical and legal understandings. Linda Waldman shows how the domination of medical and legal framings of risk and disease over those of workers, sufferers and activists can narrow the responses chosen by government. This provides important lessons for researchers, policy makers and regulators, demonstrating that opening up to alternative understandings can create more effective policy responses to move towards sustainability and social justice. Published in association with the Economic and Social Research Council (ESRC). Trade Review'Combining Anthropology with Science and Technology Studies, and providing case studies from India, South Africa and the UK, The Politics of Asbestos is passionately written, theoretically engaged and empirically rich. It deserves to be widely read.' Peter Newell, Professor of International Development, University of East Anglia, United Kingdom 'Writing in a clear and simple style, Linda Waldman sets out a fascinating narrative spanning three continents.' Usha Ramanathan, Independent law researcher, Delhi, India 'This engrossing book interweaves the global politics of science with the intimacies of identity and provides an innovative methodological model for exploring comparative case studies at a large scale.' Fiona Ross, Associate Professor of Social Anthropology, University of Cape Town, South Africa 'Through the different case studies, Linda Waldman draws out the intersecting, and at times, conflicting ways in which asbestos destroys, disempowers, galvanises, mobilises and even empowers people in pursuit of social justice, compensation and benefits.' Dinah Rajak, Lecturer in Anthropology, University of Sussex, United KingdomTable of Contents1. Introduction: The Problem of Asbestos 2. 'I've Got the Dust As Well': Asbestos Litigation, Pleural Plaques and Masculinity in the UK 3. Evaluating Science and Risk: Living with and Dying from Asbestos in South Africa 4. 'Show me the Evidence': Science and Risk in Indian Asbestos Issues 5. 'Through no Fault of Our Own': Asbestos Diseases in South Africa and the UK 6. Re-framing Risk: Comparative Framings of Asbestos and Disease 7. Conclusion: Diseased Identities and Social Justice

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Book SynopsisIn Rationality and Ritual, internationally renowned expert Brian Wynne offers a profound analysis of science and technology policymaking. By focusing on an episode of major importance in Britain's nuclear history – the Windscale Inquiry, a public hearing about the future of fuel reprocessing – he offers a powerful critique of such judicial procedures and the underlying assumptions of the rationalist approach. This second edition makes available again this classic and still very relevant work. Debates about nuclear power have come to the fore once again. Yet we still do not have adequate ways to make decisions or frame policy deliberation on these big issues, involving true public debate, rather than ritualistic processes in which the rules and scope of the debate are presumed and imposed by those in authority. The perspectives in this book are as significant and original as they were when it was written. The new edition contains a substantial introduction by the author reflecting on changes (and lack of) in the intervening years and introducing new themes, relevant to today's world of big science and technology, that can be drawn out of the original text. A new foreword by Gordon MacKerron, an expert on energy and nuclear policy, sets this seminal work in the context of contemporary nuclear and related big technology debates.Trade Review'Profound and stimulating...a brilliant analysis' – Dr Alvin Weinberg, former Director of Oak Ridge National Laboratory's Physics Division 'A wonderful, original and still-timely book. Very sensitively and powerfully, Wynne shows how authentic progress is compromised and crippled, effectively by 'rational' pre-emption of authentic debate.' – Professor Ulrich Beck, University of Munich , Germany 'A profound and lasting challenge to conventional academic as well as policy wisdom on scientific rationality and the politics of technology.' – Professor Andrew Feenberg, Simon Fraser University, Canada 'Raises questions far beyond its specific subject matter and will be an important reference point for future work in the area.' – Nature 'A book rich in insight.' – British Journal of History of Science 'A splendid example of how social science analysis ... can inform our understanding of science and technology policy making.' – Isis 'A detailed scholarly study... This book should prove particularly valuable for students of comparative regulatory process who are looking for informed discussions of non-US regulatory systems.' – Journal of Policy Analysis and Management 'The revival of official commitment to nuclear power alone makes a re-reading of 'Rationality and Ritual' an important contribution to understanding the issues. But while Brian Wynne's book is based empirically on nuclear power as a particularly powerful exemplar, it has wider resonance in its deep dissection of the moral, political and cultural issues that the relationship between scientific expertise and political process - more recently in debates about genetics and biotechnology - involves. The book was a pioneering study in its depth and capacity to illuminate. It remains so to this day.' – From the Foreword by Gordon MacKerron, Director of SPRU (Science and Technology Policy Research), University of Sussex and former Chair of CoRWM (Committee on Radioactive Waste Management) 'One thing is certain: there are few occasions in which such a concentration of high-powered legal advocates have enjoyed debate. By any standard the cast is impressive...Even at their best however they have not outshone some of the lay advocates, such as Dr Brian Wynne, for Network for Nuclear Concern...' – From the article, 'At Windscale, the amateurs shine in the battle of the legal giants' in the Times, 28th October 1977Table of ContentsForeword by Gordon MacKerron Rationality and Ritual: A Quarter-Century Retrospect Preface to Original Edition Introduction The Decision-making Legacy Oxide Reprocessing: The Background The Public Inquiry Tradition: A Comparative Perspective The Emergence of THORP from a Private to a Public Issue The Process and Impact of the Inquiry Judicial Rationality, Expert Conflict and Political Authority The Rationality and Politics of Analysis Conclusion

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Book SynopsisIn Rationality and Ritual, internationally renowned expert Brian Wynne offers a profound analysis of science and technology policymaking. By focusing on an episode of major importance in Britain's nuclear history – the Windscale Inquiry, a public hearing about the future of fuel reprocessing – he offers a powerful critique of such judicial procedures and the underlying assumptions of the rationalist approach. This second edition makes available again this classic and still very relevant work. Debates about nuclear power have come to the fore once again. Yet we still do not have adequate ways to make decisions or frame policy deliberation on these big issues, involving true public debate, rather than ritualistic processes in which the rules and scope of the debate are presumed and imposed by those in authority. The perspectives in this book are as significant and original as they were when it was written. The new edition contains a substantial introduction by the author reflecting on changes (and lack of) in the intervening years and introducing new themes, relevant to today's world of big science and technology, that can be drawn out of the original text. A new foreword by Gordon MacKerron, an expert on energy and nuclear policy, sets this seminal work in the context of contemporary nuclear and related big technology debates.Trade Review'Profound and stimulating...a brilliant analysis' – Dr Alvin Weinberg, former Director of Oak Ridge National Laboratory's Physics Division 'A wonderful, original and still-timely book. Very sensitively and powerfully, Wynne shows how authentic progress is compromised and crippled, effectively by 'rational' pre-emption of authentic debate.' – Professor Ulrich Beck, University of Munich , Germany 'A profound and lasting challenge to conventional academic as well as policy wisdom on scientific rationality and the politics of technology.' – Professor Andrew Feenberg, Simon Fraser University, Canada 'Raises questions far beyond its specific subject matter and will be an important reference point for future work in the area.' – Nature 'A book rich in insight.' – British Journal of History of Science 'A splendid example of how social science analysis ... can inform our understanding of science and technology policy making.' – Isis 'A detailed scholarly study... This book should prove particularly valuable for students of comparative regulatory process who are looking for informed discussions of non-US regulatory systems.' – Journal of Policy Analysis and Management 'The revival of official commitment to nuclear power alone makes a re-reading of 'Rationality and Ritual' an important contribution to understanding the issues. But while Brian Wynne's book is based empirically on nuclear power as a particularly powerful exemplar, it has wider resonance in its deep dissection of the moral, political and cultural issues that the relationship between scientific expertise and political process - more recently in debates about genetics and biotechnology - involves. The book was a pioneering study in its depth and capacity to illuminate. It remains so to this day.' – From the Foreword by Gordon MacKerron, Director of SPRU (Science and Technology Policy Research), University of Sussex and former Chair of CoRWM (Committee on Radioactive Waste Management) 'One thing is certain: there are few occasions in which such a concentration of high-powered legal advocates have enjoyed debate. By any standard the cast is impressive...Even at their best however they have not outshone some of the lay advocates, such as Dr Brian Wynne, for Network for Nuclear Concern...' – From the article, 'At Windscale, the amateurs shine in the battle of the legal giants' in the Times, 28th October 1977Table of ContentsForeword by Gordon MacKerron Rationality and Ritual: A Quarter-Century Retrospect Preface to Original Edition Introduction The Decision-making Legacy Oxide Reprocessing: The Background The Public Inquiry Tradition: A Comparative Perspective The Emergence of THORP from a Private to a Public Issue The Process and Impact of the Inquiry Judicial Rationality, Expert Conflict and Political Authority The Rationality and Politics of Analysis Conclusion

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Book SynopsisIf the detrimental impacts of human-induced climate change continue to mount, technologies for geoengineering our climate – i.e. deliberate modifying of the Earth's climate system at a large scale – are likely to receive ever greater attention from countries and societies worldwide. Geoengineering technologies could have profound ramifications for our societies, and yet agreeing on an international governance framework in which even serious research into these planetary-altering technologies can take place presents an immense international political challenge.In this important book, a diverse collection of internationally respected scientists, philosophers, legal scholars, policymakers, and civil society representatives examine and reflect upon the global geoengineering debate they have helped shape. Opening with essays examining the historic origins of contemporary geoengineering ideas, the book goes on to explore varying perspectives from across the first decade of this global discourse since 2006. These essays methodically cover: the practical and ethical dilemmas geoengineering poses; the evolving geoengineering research agenda; the challenges geoengineering technologies present to current international legal and political frameworks; and differing perceptions of geoengineering from around the world. The book concludes with a series of forward looking essays, some drawing lessons from precedents for governing other global issues, others proposing how geoengineering technologies might be governed if/as they begin to emerge from the lab into the real world.This book is an indispensable resource for scientists, activists, policymakers, and political figures aiming to engage in the emerging debate about geoengineering our climate.Table of Contents1. Geoengineering Our Climate: An Emerging Discourse Jason J. Blackstock and Sean Low, Part I: Historical Context, 2. Philosophy of Technology and Geoengineering Dane Scott, 3. Geoengineering and the Sacred: A Brief History in Four Characters Bronislaw Szerscynski, 4. A History of Weather and Climate Control James Rodgers Fleming, 5. Nitrogen Geoengineering Oliver Morton, Part II: Contemporary Framings, 6. Can Emergency Geoengineering Really Prevent Climate Tipping Points? Timothy M. Lenton, 7. The Economics of Climate Engineering Juan B. Moreno-Cruz, Katharine L. Ricke and Gernot Wagner, 8. Framing Geoengineering Assessments Rob Bellamy, 9. Public Perceptions of Geoengineering Rose Cairns, 10. Geoengineering and the Inexact Science of Communication, Jeff Tollefson, 11. ‘This is God’s Stuff We’re Messing With’: Geoengineering as a Religious Issue Wylie Carr, 12. The Ethical Dimensions of Geoengineering: Solar Radiation Management through Sulphate Particle Injection Nancy Tuana, Part III: Geoengineering Experiments: Early Days, 13. The Early Evolution of Climate Engineering Research Mark G. Lawrence and Paul J. Crutzen, 14. Use of Models, Analogs and Field-tests for Geoengineering Research Alan Robock and Ben Kravitz, 15. Past Forays into SRM Field Research and Implications for Future Governance Jack Doughty, 16. Village Science Meets Global Discourse: The Haida Salmon Restoration Corporation’s Ocean Iron Fertilization Experiment Holly Jean Buck, 17. Capturing the Imagination: Prospects for Direct Air Capture as a Climate Measure Duncan McLaren, Part IV: Existing Institutions and Emerging Frameworks, 18. The Emergence of the Geoengineering Debate Within the IPCC Arthur Petersen, 19. The International Legal Framework for Climate Engineering Jesse Reynolds, 20. Why the UNFCCC and CBD Should Refrain from Regulating Solar Climate Engineering Jesse Reynolds 21. Solar Geoengineering and the Problem of Liability Joshua B. Horton, Andy Parker and David Keith Part V: National, Regional and Sectoral Perspectives 22. Managing Climate Risks in Africa: The Role of Geoengineering Mulugeta Mengist Ayalew and Florent Gasc, 23. A Chinese Perspective on Solar Geoengineering Weili Weng and Ying Chen. 24. Climate Engineering and Small Island States: Panacea or Catastrophe? Penehuro Fatu Lefale and Cheryl Lea Anderson. 25. Strange Bedfellows: Climate Engineering Politics in the United States Simon Nicholson and Michael Thompson. 26. Geoengineering and the Humanitarian Challenge: What Role for the Most Vulnerable? Pablo Suarez, Bidisha Banerjee and Janot Mendler de Suarez 27. Opposition to Geoengineering: There’s no Place like H.O.M.E. ETC Group. 28. Is Solar Geoengineering a US National Security Risk? Chad Briggs. Part VI: Geoengineering Governance: From Research to the Real World 29. Research Ethics and Geoengineering, David R. Morrow, Robert E. Kopp and Michael Oppenheimer. 30. A Commentary on the Oxford Principles Tim Kruger. 31. Environmental Institutions, International Research Programmes, and Lessons for Geoengineering Research Arunabha Ghosh. 32. The Solar Radiation Management Governance Initiative: Advancing the International Governance of Geoengineering Research Alex Hanafi and Steven P. Hamburg. 33. Foresight in Climate Engineering Johannes Gabriel and Sean Low. 34. Towards the Anticipatory Governance of Geoengineering Rider W. Foley, David H. Guston and Daniel Sarewitz. 35. Geoengineering Our Climate into the Future Sean Low and Jason J. Blackstock

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Book SynopsisAs governments around the globe begin to wake up to the far reaching effects of changes in climate, the search for available options and instruments for addressing the issue becomes increasingly vital. This authoritative, step-by-step guide to the assessment of the impacts from, and potential adaptations to, changes of climate is based on the approach developed by the authors and other scientists for the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC). This approach has been widely adopted as 'best practice' by experienced researchers but has not, until now, been available in an accessible form. This illuminating account of the methods used by the IPCC scientists will be essential for all those involved in the study of climate impacts and adaptations, or designing and implementing policies for dealing with them. Written in non-technical language, this state-of-the-art guide is ideal for all people interested in the far-reaching implications of climate change and the greenhouse effect. The book contains numerous illustrations, including several worked examples, clearly presented in boxes and diagrams.Table of ContentsIntroduction * Understanding and Predicting Climate Change * Climate Impact Assessment: Developing the Method * The First Step: Defining the Problem * The Second Step: Selecting the Method * The Third Step: Testing the Method * The Fourth Step: Developing the Scenarios The Fifth step: Assessing the Impacts * The Sixth and Seventh Steps: Evaluating Adaptive Responses * Conclusions: Organizing the Research and Communicating Results * Appendix 1:Summary and Main Features of Integrated Assessment Models * Appendix 2: Some International Data Sources of Interest in Climate-Impact Assessment Studies * References and Notes * Index

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Book SynopsisThe concept of risk is an outgrowth of our society's great concern about coping with the dangers of modern life. The Perception of Risk brings together the work of Paul Slovic, one of the world's leading analysts of risk, risk perception and risk management, to examine the gap between expert views of risk and public perceptions. Ordered chronologically, it allows the reader to see the evolution of our understanding of such perceptions, from early studies identifying public misconceptions of risk to recent work that recognizes the importance and legitimacy of equity, trust, power and other value-laden issues underlying public concern.Trade Review'An illuminating and important book [that] covers a great deal of ground.' Harvard Law Review. 'Slovic brings fresh insights on how others think of 'risk'. Risk Management Reports 'An invaluable collection of articles for those seeking an in-depth analysis of risk perceptions.' Food, Nutrition and Agriculture 'Everyone, whether a fan of the (extended) psychometric paradigm or not, will like to have in its own library this book as a handy reference.' Journal of Socio-Economics 'superb...I hope Paul Slovic is already working on a sequel that will fill in the few remaining blanks in his brilliant career.' Jason Zweig, Journal of Psychology and Financial Markets, 2001. 'Superior' Torbjorn Malmfors, Amazon. 'Paul Slovic is a prolific and persuasive contributor to the literature on risk, with a well-defined perspective, which has informed an incremental and solid output of research and publication.' Journal of Contingencies and Crisis Management 'Essentially academic, but very relevant for anyone interested in taking risk seriously' Long Range PlanningTable of ContentsDecision Processes, Rationality and Adjustment to Natural Hazards * Cognitive Processes and Societal Risk Taking * Preference for Insuring Against Probable Small Losses: Insurance Implications * Accident Probabilities and Seat Belt Usage: A Psychological Perspective * How Safe Is Safe Enough? A Psychometric Study of Attitudes Toward Technological Risks and Benefits * Rating the Risks * Weighing the Risks: Which Risks are Acceptable? * Facts and Fears: Understanding Perceived Risk * Response Mode, Framing and Information-processing Effects in Risk Assessment * The Nature of Technological Hazard * Informing and Educating the Public about Risk * Perception of Risk from Automobile Safety Defects * Perception of Risk * The Social Amplification of Risk: A Conceptual Framework * The Perception and Management of Therapeutic Risk * Perception of Risk from Radiation * Perceived Risk, Trust and the Politics of Nuclear Waste * Intuitive Toxicology: Expert and Lay Judgments of Chemical Risks * Perceived Risk, Trust and Democracy * Adolescent Health-threatening and Health-enhancing Behaviors: A Study of Word Association and Imagery * Technological Stigma * Probability, Danger and Coercion: A Study of Risk Perception and Decision-making in Mental Health Law * Do Adolescent Smokers Know the Risks? * Insensitivity to the Value of a Human Life: A Study of Psychophysical Numbing * Trust, Emotion, Sex, Politics and Science: Surveying the Risk-assessment Battlefield * The Affect Heuristic in Judgments of Risks and Benefits*

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Book SynopsisEnvironmental hazards do not respect international boundaries. In this volume, distinguished international researchers make a significant contribution to the understanding and management of transboundary environmental risks. The transboundary risk topics addressed highlight the key political, economic, social and cultural issues of our times, such as how transboundary risks are constructed, how they are communicated within and between countries, how the authorities can build trust in political management processes, and what forms of democratic risk management institutions are appropriate. Useful practical lessons on the management of transboundary risk at the national and international levels are drawn from the case studies. The volume provides valuable evidence and analysis for those working on international environmental issues and all aspects of risk management.Trade Review'Valuable material for those working on international environmental issues and risk management.' Environment Business Magazine '[An] excellent introduction to basic principles.' Aslib Book Guide 'The book provides valuable insights into analysis and management of transboundary risks... It provides a solid introduction to the sociological complexities of transboundary risk management and highlights a problem much in need of attention. I recommend this book as a solid introduction to international environmental issues.' Risk Analysis 'Many important themes repeatedly surface in this volume... These themes are dealt with clearly and in reasonable depth. Through the case studies the book also offers consideration of a sample of transboundary issues.' Environmental Politics 'This volume offers many interesting insights and points out the challenges in managing transboundary risks. It is a welcome addition to the existing literature that will be relevant to anyone interested in risk management issues.' Journal of Risk ResearchTable of ContentsPreface * Foreword * Introduction * Swedish Aid and the Ignalina Nuclear Power Plant * Genetically Modified Crops: What Transboundary Harmonization in Europe? * Transboundary Air Pollution: Lessons for Useful Analysis * Cultures of Uncertainty - Transboundary Risks and BSE in Europe A Transboundary Environmental Controversy on the Danube: The Gabcikovo-Nagymaros Dam System * Transboundary Risk Management in the South: A Nepelese Perspective on Himalayan Water Projects * Border Crossings * Public Participation Across Borders * International Negotiation and the Management of Transboundary Risks * Transboundary Environmental Risk Management in the New Millennium: Lessons for Theory and Practice * Address by Birgitta Dahl, Speaker of the Swedish Parliament * Index

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Book SynopsisWhat exactly made the earth round? How do boomerangs turn around mid-air? And why do cats always land on their feet? “A basic scientific concept receives long overdue attention” (Kirkus Reviews) in this “fascinating” (Wall Street Journal) new book from the masterful author of The Age of Wood. From the solar system to spinning tops, hurricanes to hula hoops, power plants to pendulums, one mysterious force shapes almost every aspect of our lives: spin. Despite its ubiquity, rotational force continues to baffle and surprise, and few people realize how it makes our planet habitable or how it has been tamed by engineers to make our lives more comfortable. Charting the development of engineering and technology from the earliest prehistoric drills to the gas turbine, critically acclaimed author and scientist Roland Ennos presents a riveting account of human ingenuity and the seemingly infinite ways spin affects our daily lives. He also shows how this new approach not only helps us better understand the world but also ourselves. After all, even our own bodies are complex systems of rotating joints and levers. Artfully moving between astrophysics and anthropology, The Science of Spin shows how, whether natural or engineered, spin is really what makes the world go round.

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Book SynopsisWhat exactly made the earth round? How do boomerangs turn around mid-air? And why do cats always land on their feet? ';A basic scientific concept receives long overdue attention' (Kirkus Reviews) in this ';fascinating' (Wall Street Journal) new book from the masterful author of The Age of Wood. From the solar system to spinning tops, hurricanes to hula hoops, power plants to pendulums, one mysterious force shapes almost every aspect of our lives: spin. Despite its ubiquity, rotational force continues to baffle and surprise, and few people realize how it makes our planet habitable or how it has been tamed by engineers to make our lives more comfortable. Charting the development of engineering and technology from the earliest prehistoric drills to the gas turbine, critically acclaimed author and scientist Roland Ennos presents a riveting account of human ingenuity and the seemingly infinite ways spin affects our daily lives. He also shows how this new

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Book SynopsisThis book gives practical advice and ready to use tips on the design and construction of subsurface reservoir models. The design elements cover rock architecture, petrophysical property modelling, multi-scale data integration, upscaling and uncertainty analysis. Philip Ringrose and Mark Bentley share their experience, gained from over a hundred reservoir modelling studies in 25 countries covering clastic, carbonate and fractured reservoir types, and for a range of fluid systems – oil, gas and CO2, production and injection, and effects of different mobility ratios. The intimate relationship between geology and fluid flow is explored throughout, showing how the impact of fluid type, displacement mechanism and the subtleties of single- and multi-phase flow combine to influence reservoir model design.The second edition updates the existing sections and adds sections on the following topics:· A new chapter on modelling for CO2 storage· A new chapter on modelling workflows· An extended chapter on fractured reservoir modelling· An extended chapter on multi-scale modelling· An extended chapter on the quantification of uncertainty· A revised section on the future of modelling based on recently published papers by the authorsThe main audience for this book is the community of applied geoscientists and engineers involved in understanding fluid flow in the subsurface: whether for the extraction of oil or gas or the injection of CO2 or the subsurface storage of energy in general. We will always need to understand how fluids move in the subsurface and we will always require skills to model these quantitatively. The second edition of this reference book therefore aims to highlight the modelling skills developed for the current energy industry which will also be required for the energy transition of the future. The book is aimed at technical-professional practitioners in the energy industry and is also suitable for a range of Master’s level courses in reservoir characterisation, modelling and engineering.• Provides practical advice and guidelines for users of 3D reservoir modelling packages• Gives advice on reservoir model design for the growing world-wide activity in subsurface reservoir modelling• Covers rock modelling, property modelling, upscaling, fluid flow and uncertainty handling• Encompasses clastic, carbonate and fractured reservoirs • Applies to multi-fluid cases and applications: hydrocarbons and CO2, production and storage; rewritten for use in the Energy Transition. Table of ContentsPrefacePrologue1. Model Purpose2. The Rock Model3. The Property Model4. Upscaling Flow Properties5. Handling Model Uncertainty6. Reservoir Model Types7. EpilogueNomenclatureSolutionsIndex

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Book SynopsisThis book is meant for geoscientists and engineers who are beginners, and introduces them to the field of seismic data interpretation and evaluation. The exquisite seismic illustrations and real case examples interspersed in the text help the readers appreciate the interpretation of seismic data in a simple way, and at the same time, emphasize the multidisciplinary, integrated practical approach to data evaluation. A concerted effort has been made for the readers to realize that mindless interpretation of seismic data using sophisticated software packages, without having a grasp on the elementary principles of geology and geophysics, and coupled with their over-reliance on workstations to provide solutions can have appalling results all too very often. Table of Contents

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Book SynopsisThis book presents the frontiers of tsunami science and research and demonstrates the unprecedented progress achieved during this period overviewing different aspect of tsunami science including meteorological tsunamis.The two 1992 events near Nicaragua and Flores Island, Indonesia, marked the beginning of a “modern tsunami science era” producing highly destructive tsunamis and opened a 25-year period of numerous devastating events, including two of the most destructive natural disasters in recent human history: the 26 December 2004 Sumatra and the 11 March 2011 Tohoku tsunamis. The book is of interest to scientists and practitioners as well postgraduate students in geophysics, oceanography and coastal engineering, involved in all aspects of tsunamis, from earthquake source processes to transoceanic wave propagation, from coastal impacts to hazard assessment and combining recent case studies with advances in tsunami science and natural hazards mitigation.Table of Contents

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Book SynopsisThis textbook explains how mountains are formed and why there are old and young mountains. It provides a reconstruction of the Earths paleogeography and shows why the shapes of South America and Africa fit so well together. Furthermore, it explains why the Pacific is surrounded by a ring of volcanos and earthquake-prone areas while the edges of the Atlantic are relatively peaceful.This thoroughly revised textbook edition addresses all these questions and more through the presentation and explanation of the geodynamic processes upon which the theory of continental drift is based and which have led to the concept of plate tectonics. It is a source of information for students of geology, geophysics, geography, geosciences in general, general natural sciences, as well as professionals, and interested layman.Table of Contents1. Contractional theory, continental drift and plate tectonics2. Plate movements and their geometric relationships3. Continental graben structures4. Passive continental margins and abyssal plains 5. Mid-ocean ridges6. Hot spots7. Subduction zones, island arcs and active continental maragins8. Transform faults9. Terranes10. Early Precambrian plate tectonics11. Plate tectonics and mountain building12. Old orogens 13. Young orogens - the Earth's loftiest places

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Book SynopsisPlate tectonics can drift continents and push up mountains, but what drives the plates? This is an insider’s account of how we answered questions posed over two centuries ago, and completed geology’s quest for a driving mechanism. Forging through confusing evidence, apparent contradictions and raging debates we arrived at not one but two mechanisms: sinking plates and rising plumes.Table of ContentsChapter 1. Deep Earth and deep time, big ideas and big egos.- Chapter 2. The accidental geophysicist.- Chapter 3. A propitious time.- Chapter 4. Water, heat, time, mountains.- Chapter 5. Yielding rocks.- Chapter 6. Vagrant continents.- Chapter 7. Like nothing we’ve seen before.- Chapter 8. Novel ideas: plates and plumes.- Chapter 9. But what is the driving mechanism?.- Chapter 10. Chemistry and egos muscle in.- Chapter 11. Making it a science?.- Chapter 12. Some clarity: two convection modes, interacting.- Chapter 13. Earth’s lessons: humility, power and science.- Chapter 14. Some chemical clarifying.- Chapter 15. Too noble?.- Chapter 16. Perspective; Imperfect but better than shouting

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Book SynopsisThis book covers in detail the entire workflow for quantitative seismic interpretation of subsurface modeling and characterization. It focusses on each step of the geo-modeling workflow starting from data preconditioning and wavelet extraction, which is the basis for the reservoir geophysics described and introduced in the following chapters. This book allows the reader to get a comprehensive insight of the most common and advanced workflows. It aims at graduate students related to energy (hydrocarbons), CO2 geological storage, and near surface characterization as well as professionals in these industries. The reader benefits from the strong and coherent theoretical background of the book, which is accompanied with real case examples.Table of ContentsList of acronyms.- Acknowledgements.- Chapter 1 Introduction.- Chapter 2 The seismic method.- Chapter 3 Seismic acquisition essentials.- Chapter 4 Seismic pre-conditioning.- Chapter 5 Seismic well ties and wavelets.- Chapter 6 Interpreting seismic amplitudes.- Chapter 7 Predicting subsurface properties from seismic data.- Chapter 8 Rock properties prediction.- Chapter 9 The way forward.- References.

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Book SynopsisAround the World in 80 Ways offers a (sometimes opinionated) discussion of 80 data-driven maps of our planet. Taken together, the maps tell a story about the physical world; about the impact our species is having on the world; and about how people live in the world – or at least how we lived immediately before the emergence of Covid-19. The maps lie. All maps lie. But the origins of the deceptions are explained, the data sources are signposted and referenced, and the readers are shown how to create their own maps using freely available software. The reader is thus armed with the tools needed to explore local, national or world data – on topics ranging from science to society; environment to entertainment; wealth to wellbeing – a valuable skill in an age when certain politicians are happy to refer to “alternative facts” and media outlets deliver data visualizations that sometimes mislead as much as inform.Table of ContentsIntroduction: Mapping the worldChapter 1: The world itself · Earth’s poles · Meteorites · Waterworld · Getting away from it all · The longest straight line over water · The longest you can walk without having to swim · Volcanic eruptions over the past 12,000 years · Earth’s forests · Earth’s chemical elements · Earth’s phosphorus Chapter 2: The world of countries · Countries named after people · Monarchies and republics · Female leaders · National flags that contain the colour red · Passport colours · Driving – left or right? · Capital punishment · Press freedom · Dominance of a capital city · Population density Chapter 3: The world perturbed by people · Carbon dioxide emissions · My short-haul carbon footprint · Busiest airline routes · Renewable electricity output · Nuclear power generation · Trash · Plastic waste · Pesticide use · Mammal species under threat · Night sky brightness Chapter 4: The world of the built environment · Homes at risk of rising sea levels · Lighthouses · World heritage sites · Roman amphitheatres · Skyscrapers · Spaceports · The 500 most powerful supercomputers · Mains frequency · Sharing a McDonald’s · Soccer stadia Chapter 5: The world of thoughts, ideas, and beliefs · The most complex machine ever built · Scientific productivity · Intellectual property · Views on the safety of vaccines · Good at maths? · Literacy · How the world writes · UFO sightings · How the world believes · The happiness of nations Chapter 6: The world of wellbeing · Homicide · Suicide · Obesity in adults · Alcohol consumption · Road traffic deaths · Incidence of malaria · Experience of pain yesterday · How the world dies · The life expectancy gender gap · Life expectancy at birth Chapter 7: The world of sport and leisure · Football World Cup · Foreign players in the Premier League · Summer Olympics · Chess playing strength · Shakespeare’s world · Nobel prize for literature · Going to the movies · Computer games · What the world searches for · Active on social media Chapter 8: The world of economics · Accessing cash · Units of currency · Gold reserves · The indebtedness of nations · Standard of living · Big Apple · International tourism · Military expenditure · Access to electricity · Catching fish Afterword Index

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Book SynopsisPython is used in a wide range of geoscientific applications, such as in processing images for remote sensing, in generating and processing digital elevation models, and in analyzing time series. This book introduces methods of data analysis in the geosciences using Python that include basic statistics for univariate, bivariate, and multivariate data sets, time series analysis, and signal processing; the analysis of spatial and directional data; and image analysis. The text includes numerous examples that demonstrate how Python can be used on data sets from the earth sciences. The supplementary electronic material (available online through Springer Link) contains the example data as well as recipes that include all the Python commands featured in the book.Table of ContentsData Analysis in the Earth Sciences.- Introduction to Python.- Univariate Statistics.- Bivariate Statistics.- Time Series Analysis.- Signal Processing.- Spatial Data.- Image Processing.- Multivariate Statistics.- Directional Data.

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Book SynopsisPython is used in a wide range of geoscientific applications, such as in processing images for remote sensing, in generating and processing digital elevation models, and in analyzing time series. This book introduces methods of data analysis in the geosciences using Python that include basic statistics for univariate, bivariate, and multivariate data sets, time series analysis, and signal processing; the analysis of spatial and directional data; and image analysis. The text includes numerous examples that demonstrate how Python can be used on data sets from the earth sciences. The supplementary electronic material (available online through Springer Link) contains the example data as well as recipes that include all the Python commands featured in the book.Table of ContentsData Analysis in the Earth Sciences.- Introduction to Python.- Univariate Statistics.- Bivariate Statistics.- Time Series Analysis.- Signal Processing.- Spatial Data.- Image Processing.- Multivariate Statistics.- Directional Data.

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Book SynopsisThis book presents a significant amount of structural, paleomagnetic and magnetic fabric data in the Central High Atlas (Morocco). The authors thoroughly described and analyzed the present-day structure of this intraplate chain through 22 of cross-sections, potential field data analysis and 3D reconstruction. In addition, the authors propose a palinspastic reconstruction of the structure of the basin at 100 Ma (i.e., post-extension and pre-compression) to finally evaluate its Mesozoic and Cenozoic geodynamic evolution. This books presents (1) a unique three-dimensional model at the chain scale, (2) an analysis of the ca. 100 Ma remagnetization, to perform palinspastic restorations of most representative structures, (3) as well as the interpretation of the magnetic fabrics in order to unravel the tectonic or deformation setting that the rocks underwent in different parts of the basin. This book is of interest to structural geologists in Northern Africa, the Mediterranean and Iberia, as well as to those interested in inverted intraplate basins and paleomagnetists from around the planet. Also, this book is intended to help students to understand better the geological evolution of the Atlas and therefore Morocco and surrounding areas.Table of ContentsChapter 1. The geological setting of the Moroccan High Atlas and its plate tectonics context.Moussaid, B., El-Ouardi, H., Casas-Sainz A.M., Pocoví, A., Román-Berdiel, T., Oliva-Urcia, B., Ruiz-Martínez, V.C.1.1. INTRODUCTION1.2. GEOGRAPHICAL AND GEOLOGICAL SETTING1.3. THE HIGH ATLAS IN ITS GEOLOGICAL CONTEXT: SURROUNDING GEOLOGICALUNITS1.3.1. The Sahara domain1.3.2. The Anti-Atlas1.3.3. The Meseta domain1.3.4. The Rif Chain1.4. GEOLOGICAL FRAME OF THE MOROCCAN HIGH ATLAS1.4.1. The Atlantic High Atlas1.4.2. The Marrakech High Atlas1.4.3. The Central High Atlas (CHA)1.4.4. The Eastern High Atlas1.5. GEODYNAMIC FRAME OF THE HIGH ATLAS AND EVOLUTION OF THE APWP1.6. IMPLICATIONS OF THE MAIN GEODYNAMIC EVENTS IN NORTH AFRICA IN ATLASICGEOLOGY1.6.1. Permian-Triassic stage1.6.2. First rifting event: Late Triassic to Early Jurassic1.6.3. Second rifting event: Late Liassic to Early Dogger (180Ma)1.6.4. Bajocian-Late Jurassic stage1.6.5. Early Cretaceous1.6.6. Late Cretaceous-Cenozoic inversion1.7. MAGMATIC EVENTS / HYDROTHERMALISM AND MINERALIZATION1.7.1. Triassic: the CAMP event1.7.2. Jurassic – Cretaceous event1.7.3. Cenozoic event1.7.4. Hydrothermalism and mineralization1.8. STRATIGRAPHIC FRAME OF THE CENTRAL HIGH ATLAS1.8.1. Triassic1.8.2. Jurassic1.8.3. Upper Jurassic-Lower Cretaceous1.8.4. Lower Cretaceous1.8.5. Post-Turonian Cretaceous deposits1.8.6. Cenozoic deposits1.9. STRUCTURING OF THE MOROCCAN HIGH ATLAS1.9.1. Extensional structures1.9.2. Post-basinal, pre-inversion tectonic structures1.9.3. Alpine compressional structures1.9.4. Crustal roots for Atlasic structures: the geophysical background1.9.5. Recent evolution of the Atlas belt: topographic featuresREFERENCESFIGURE CAPTIONSChapter 2. Structure of the Central High Atlas (Morocco). Constraints from potential field dataand 3D models.Casas-Sainz, A.M., Santolaria, P., Mochales, T., Pocoví, A., Izquierdo, E., El-Ouardi, H., Moussaid, B.,Manar, A., Ruiz-Martínez, V.C., Marcén, M., Torres-López, S., Gil-Imaz, A., Román-Berdiel, T., Oliva-Urcia, B., Calvín, P.2.1. MAIN STRUCTURAL FEATURES2.1.1. Southern Atlas fold-and-thrust belt (Zone 1)1. Toundoute nappe (Amejgag syncline-Tisguine syncline)2. Skoura culmination: basement thrusts associated with the Toundoute nappe (Asaka Kantoulathrust and others3. Boumalne-Dadès structures4. Central thrust system (Aït Ourena-Tamayoust-Jbel Aderbat-Jbel Badoust)5. Tadighoust anticline6. Amellago recumbent fold system7. Jbel Hamdoun thrust and related structures2.1.2. Northern Atlas thrust system (Zone 2)8. West of the Middle Atlas intersection9. East of the Middle Atlas intersection2.1.3. Western sector: the large interference synclines and basement-involved folds (Demnate area,Zone 3)10. Aït-Attab syncline11. Guettioua syncline12. Iouaridène, Tizgui and Tifni synclines (and intervening anticlines)13. Jbel Til syncline14. Jbel Rat syncline15. Amezri syncline2.1.4. Central sector (1): thrusts and diapiric anticlines (La Cathédrale area, Zone 4)16. Ouaouizaght syncline17. Taguelft syncline18. M’Goun anticline (Tameksout-Timoutiguine-Aït Baha-Toumliline)19. Wagoulzat anticline20. Tabant syncline21. Jbel Azourki anticline and Zawyat Ahansal zone22. Jbel Tilicha anticline23. Jbel Tabaghast thrust24. La Cathédrale thrust25. Aït-Mazigh anticline and western prolongation of La Cathédrale thrust26. Talmest-Tazoult anticline27. Tiffouine-Tagertetouch monocline28. Talmest interference structure29. Addendoum anticline30. Tilouguit monocline2.1.5. Central sector (2): thrusts, anticlines and diapirs (Imilchil area, Zone 5)31. Tizi’n’Isly syncline and thrust32. Chekret anticline and Ikassene syncline33. Tasraft anticline34. Anergui diapir35. Tassent anticline36. Lacs syncline37. Ikkou anticline38. Tissila anticline and Ikkou syncline39. Tadaghmamt anticline40. Timedouine diapir41. Moussa diapir42. Isselfène diapir and Taltfraout anticline/diapir43. Msmrir diapir and syncline44. Toumliline anticline and diapir45. Platform (cleavage-domain) area between Timedouine and Toumliline2.1.6. Eastern sector (1): cleavage-related linear structures (Tounfite area, Zone 6)46. Jbel Amalou anticline47. Tounfite syncline48. Jbel Masker anticline49. Tirrhist gabbro and associated structures50. Almou syncline51. Jbel Adderdoum thrust52. Taribante syncline53. Jbel Tazreft thrust54. Ameksou anticline55. Assoul syncline56. Jbel Baddou thrust2.1.7. Eastern sector (2): vergence-switching ridges (Midelt-Rich area, Ziz river, Zone 7)57. Jbel Aouja (and Aït Arouz) anticline58. Sidi Hamza anticline59. Foum Tilich thrust60. Kerrando syncline61. Bou Hamid anticline/thrust62. Gourrama syncline63. Foum Zabel anticline/thrust64. Aghbarou syncline2.2. SERIATED CROSS SECTIONS2.3. INPUT FROM MODELING OF POTENTIAL FIELD DATA2.3.1. Petrophysical properties2.3.1.1 Magnetic susceptibility and density2.3.1.2 Magnetic remanence and Koenigsberger ratio2.3.2 Magnetic maps processing2.3.2.1. Reduction to Pole and Reduction to Equator2.3.2.2. Filtering: Derivatives constraints2.3.2.3. 2.5D modelling of magnetic and gravimetric anomalies2.3.3. Results2.3.3.1. Interpretation of the corrected magnetic field map of IGRF (ICMT), Reduced to Pole(ICMTRTP) and Reduced to Equator (ICMTRTE)2.3.3.2. Interpretation of the Vertical and horizontal Derivatives2.3.3.3. Bouguer anomaly2.3.4. The geophysical anomalies in their relation to geological features and evolution2.3.5. 2.5D modelling. Configuration and interpretation of magnetic and gravimetric models2.3.5.1. Profile 2, Tagoudite2.3.5.2. Profile 8, Anergui E2.3.5.3. Profile 12, Ouaouitzaght2.4. CONTRIBUTIONS OF 3-D RECONSTRUCTIONS TO THE GEOMETRY OF THE CENTRALHIGH ATLAS2.4.1. Methods and workflow2.4.1.1 Defining the model area and resolution2.4.1.2. Modelled stratigraphic pile2.4.1.3. Input data and data compilation in a 3D environment2.4.1.4. Verifying cross-sections in a 3D environment2.4.1.5. Computing the model1. Major bounding thrust2. Faults3. Diapirs4. Diapir-fault systems5. Compiling structural surfaces6. Stratigraphic horizons2.4.2. 3D structural model of the Central High Atlas2.4.2.1. Southern Atlas fold-and-thrust belt (Zone 1)2.4.2.2. Northern Atlas thrust system (Zone 2)2.4.2.3. Western sector: the large interference synclines and basement-involved folds (Demnatearea, Zone 3)2.4.2.4. Central sector (1): thrusts and diapiric anticlines (La Cathédrale area, Zone 4)2.4.2.5. Central sector (2): thrusts, anticlines and diapirs (Imilchil area, Zone 5)2.4.2.6. Eastern sector (1): cleavage-related linear structures (Tounfite area, Zone 6)2.4.2.7. Eastern sector (2): vergence-switching ridges (Midelt-Rich area, Ziz river, Zone 7)2.4.3. Potential and limitations of the 3D modelREFERENCESFIGURE CAPTIONSChapter 3. Magnetic properties of the remagnetized carbonates of the Central High Atlas(Morocco).Calvín, P., Bógalo, M.F., Villalaín, J.J., Román-Berdiel, T., Falcón, I., Torres-López, S., Mochales, T.,Herrejón, A.3.1 METHODOLOGY3.2 GENERAL MAGNETIC FRACTION IN THE ATLASIC ROCKS3.2.1. Carbonates3.2.2. Red beds3.3 MAGNETIC PROPERTIES OF MAGNETITE-BEARING REMAGNETIZED CARBONATES3.3.1. SP versus SSD grain size3.3.2. ARM vs IRM experiment3.3.3. Coercivity spectra3.3.4 Discussion and summary3.4 CARRIERS OF THE MAGNETIC SUSCEPTIBILITY3.4.1. Magnetic susceptibility of carbonates3.4.2. Magnetic susceptibility of red-bedsREFERENCESFIGURE CAPTIONSChapter 4. Paleomagnetism of the Central High Atlas. The widespread CretaceousRemagnetization and structural implications.Villalaín, J.J., Calvín, P., Falcón, I., Torres-López, S., Bógalo, M.F., Moussaid, B., Ruiz-Martínez, V.C.,Sánchez, E.4.1. MATERIALS, SAMPLING STRATEGY AND METHODS4.2. NATURAL REMANENT MAGNETIZATION OF MESOZOIC HIGH ATLAS ROCKS4.3. DIRECTIONAL ANALYSIS OF THE CHARACTERISTIC REMANENT MAGNETIZATION4.4. AGE OF THE HIGH ATLAS REMAGNETIZATION4.5. SPREADING OF THE HIGH ATLAS REMAGNETIZATION4.6. RESTORATION OF THE PALEOMAGNETIC DIRECTIONS. PALEO-DIPS AT THEREMAGNETIZATION TIME (100 Ma)4.7. CONCLUSIONSREFERENCESFIGURE CAPTIONSChapter 5. Geodynamic evolution during the Mesozoic and Cenozoic in the Central High Atlas ofMorocco from Anisotropy of Magnetic SusceptibilityRomán-Berdiel, T., Oliva-Urcia, B., Casas-Sainz, A., Calvín, P., Moussaid, B., Soto, R., Marcén, M., ElOuardi, H., Pocoví, A., Gil-Imaz, A.5.1. SAMPLING AND METHODOLOGY5.2. MAGNETIC FABRIC (RT-AMS) RESULTS5.2.1. Global RT-AMS results5.2.2. RT-AMS by zones and types5.3. MAGNETIC SUBFABRICS (LT-AMS AND AARM) AND PETROFABRICS5.3.1. Scalar parameters5.3.2. Orientation distribution of grains, the information of the magnetic subfabrics (LT-, RT-AMSand AARM)5.3.3. Comparison with petrofabrics5.4. STRUCTURAL INTERPRETATION OF THE MAGNETIC FABRICS / TECTONICIMPLICATIONS OF THE MAGNETIC FABRIC ORIENTATION5.4.1. Strain characterization from magnetic fabrics in the Central High Atlas5.4.2. Timing of acquisition of AMS: Information derived from magnetic subfabrics separation5.5. CONCLUSIONSREFERENCESFIGURE CAPTIONSChapter 6. Kinematics of structures and basin evolution in the Central High Atlas. Constraintsfrom AMS and paleomagnetic dataCasas-Sainz, A., Villalaín, J.J., Román-Berdiel, T., Calvín, P., Marcén, M., Izquierdo, E., Santolaria, P.,Pocoví, A., Mochales, T., Oliva-Urcia, B., El-Ouardi, H., Moussaid, B.6.1. PALEODIPS AND FOLD TEST. RESULTS AND LIMITATIONS6.2. ORIGIN OF INDIVIDUAL STRUCTURES ACCORDING TO PALEOMAGNETISM ANDMAGNETIC FABRIC DATA.6.3. RESTORED CROSS SECTION6.4. SIGNIFICANCE AND MEANING OF MAJOR STRUCTURES IN THE CENTRAL HIGHATLAS FROM THE PERSPECTIVES OF MAGNETIC TECHNICS6.4.1. Deformation of the Paleozoic basement6.4.2. The asymmetry of the chain: compressional features of the southern Atlas fold-and-thrust-belt6.4.3. Compressional features of the northern belt6.4.4. Diapirism, magmatism and thrusting in the Central High Atlas6.4.5. Geophysical constraints to large-scale structural features6.4.6. Internal deformation: the cleavage domain6.4.7. Geometry of the overall extension and inversion of the Atlasic basin6.5. CONCLUSIONS. THE CONTRIBUTION OF MAGNETIC TECHNIQUES TO THEEVOLUTION OF THE CENTRAL HIGH ATLAS6.5.1. Paleomagnetism and AMS applied to the study of the CHA6.5.2. The intermediate stage in basin evolution6.5.3. Basin geometry: transtension vs. salt tectonics?6.5.4. Final considerations: comparison with other basins of the Thetys domain6.5.5. Concluding remarksREFERENCESFIGURE CAPTIONS

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Book SynopsisFrom earthquakes to the northern lights and tsunamis to glacier movement, the author explains thousands of phenomena in the world around us. All of this is done using language that is simple and understandable, and at the same time this book does not try to deceive the reader, as materials of this nature often do, but uses exact physical formulas where they are needed.This book serves as an invaluable reference for physics teachers and should inspire high school students to study physics. Many of them will very likely be able to understand that riveting events and phenomena lie behind those very same formulas that just yesterday seemed so boring.This is an excellent and unique way of easily submerging oneself into the world of science and a non-stop intellectual challenge that lures the reader in much more than any game of chess.Sir Andre Geim, 2010 Nobel Prize Laureate in PhysicsThere are plenty of high school students who continue to find science interesting today. Dmitry Livanov’s book, which is both useful and held in high regard, is written precisely with these young people in mind.This book can be used by teachers who want to expand the narrow scope of subject material in their classes and enable students to broaden their perspective about how to apply the laws of physics in order to understand such a complex natural object as planet Earth. This book will be of interest to high school students and graduates of high schools, specialized high schools and preparatory schools who want to test their understanding of physics, astronomy and geography. This book strengthens the foundation of scientific knowledge in today’s world, which repeatedly tests the strength of the collective body of science.Evgeniy Yamburg,Member of the Russian Academy of EducationPrincipal, School #109, Moscow Dmitry Livanov was able to write a book that is interesting both for those who are just beginning to become familiar with physics, and for those who for various reasons have forgotten much of what they knew at one time. He succeeded in doing this because he himself knows and loves physics and because physics—as the most important part of human culture—is interesting to him.I hope that readers of this book will not only recognize the usefulness and importance of physics, but also appreciate its beauty and allure.Andrey Furchenko,Doctor of Physics and Mathematics,Aide to the President of the Russian FederationTable of Contents1 The Earth in the Solar System.- 2 The Earth and the Moon.- 3 The Depths and the Surface of the Earth.- 4 The Earth’s Atmosphere.- 5 The Ocean.- 6 Fresh Water on the Earth.- 7 The Weather and Climate.

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