Geomorphology Books
The Natural History Museum Earths Restless Surface
Book SynopsisOffers an introduction to the processes and products of change to the Earth's surface. This work explains how the planet is being constantly remodelled by powerful natural forces and guides us through geological time and space to recreate past landscapes. It also features information about the human impact on climate change.
£8.99
Oxford University Press Geology
Book SynopsisRanging across the 4.6 billion year history of the planet, geology is the subject that encompasses almost all that we see around us, in one way or another, and also much that we cannot see, beneath our feet, and on other planets. The fruits of geology provide most of the materials that give us shelter, and most of the energy that drives our modern lives. Within the study of geology lie some of the clues to the extraordinary impact our species is going to play out on the planet, in centuries and millennia to come.In this Very Short Introduction Jan Zalasiewicz gives a brief introduction to the fascinating field of geology. Describing how the science developed from its early beginnings, he looks at some of the key discoveries that have transformed it, before delving into its various subfields, such as sedimentology, tectonics, and stratigraphy. Analysing the geological foundations of the Earth, Zalasiewicz explains the interlocking studies of tectonics, geophysics, and igneous and metamorphic petrology and geochemistry; and describes how rocks are dated by radiometric dating. Considering the role and importance of geology in the finding and exploitation of resources (including fracking), he also discusses its place in environmental issues, such as foundations for urban structures and sites for landfill, and in tackling issues associated with climate change. Zalasiewicz concludes by discussing the exciting future and frontiers of the field, such as the exploration of the geology of Mars.ABOUT THE SERIES: The Very Short Introductions series from Oxford University Press contains hundreds of titles in almost every subject area. These pocket-sized books are the perfect way to get ahead in a new subject quickly. Our expert authors combine facts, analysis, perspective, new ideas, and enthusiasm to make interesting and challenging topics highly readable.Trade ReviewIf you do not want to have to wade through heavy tomes and are equipped with only school-level knowledge of science, to gain a basic appreciation of this subject, then this 150 page short book could well be just what you need. * Jonathan Cowie, Science Fact & Science Fiction Concatenation *I have never read a better introduction to this vast, fascinating, and vital subject. It really is like seeing the world in a grain of sand. * Dr Ted Nield, Editor, Geoscientist magazine *How much do we know about our home? Jan Zalasiewicz's brief history of Earth is fun to read, yet strong on science too. It's a clear and accurate guide to our planet, and also addresses the challenge of caring for the environment. Just right for that flight or a long train trip! * Euan Nisbet, Foundation Prof. of Earth Science, Royal Holloway, Univ. of London *Table of Contents1: What is geology? 2: Geology: the early days 3: Modern breakthroughs and revolutions 4: Deep Earth geology 5: Earth surface geology 6: Geological fieldwork 7: Geology for resources 8: Geology for society and the environment 9: A very brief history of the Earth
£9.49
Elsevier Science Treatise on Geomorphology
Book Synopsis
£3,168.75
Oxford University Press Lectures on Geophysical Fluid Dynamics
Book SynopsisLectures on Geophysical Fluid Dynamics offers an introduction to several topics in theoretical geophysical fluid dynamics, including the theory of large-scale ocean circulation, geostrophic turbulence, and Hamiltonian fluid dynamics. The book is based on an introductory course in dynamical oceanography offered to first-year graduate students at Scripps Institution of Oceanography. Each chapter is a self-contained introduction ti its particular subject, and makes few specific references to other chapters. Chapters 1 examines the relationship between the molecular and continuum models of the fluid, and between the Eulerian and Lagrangian descriptions of the latter. Ch.2 is a broad introduction to the fluid dynamics of rotating, stratified flows. Ch.3 adddresses large-scale ocean circulation. Chs.4,5 and 6 discuss the theory of turbulence, including elementary ideas based on vorticity laws (Ch.4), statistical turbulence theory (Ch.5), and the applications of these ideas to quasigeostrophiTrade Review'The book provides an excellent course for graduate students in applied mathematics or mathematical oceanography or meterology. It can be used fruitfully by researchers in related areas who would like to learn about a field of physics that generates intriguing and cha,lenging mathematical problems...It is also likely to become a significant reference book for the subject' SIAM ReviewTable of Contents1. Fundamentals ; 2. Introduction to Geophysical Fluid Dyunamics ; 3. Non-inertial Theory of Ocean Circulation ; 4. Vorticity and Turbulence ; 5. Statistical Fluid Dynamics ; 6. Geostropic Turbulence ; 7. Hamiltonian Fluid Dynamics
£96.75
Oxford University Press Inc In Search of Ancient Tsunamis A Researchers
Book SynopsisA "how to" guide to the geology, geomorphology, anthropology, and archaeology of tsunamis and a personal story of a researcher's experience in the field and laboratory, In Search of Ancient Tsunamis takes readers on a journey through the sophisticated and interdisciplinary world of tsunami science.Table of ContentsDedication Acknowledgments Preface Chapter 1. Serendipity - An Introduction Chapter 2. Strand 1: 26 December 2004 - Indian Ocean Chapter 3. Strand 2: Same Time, Different Places Chapter 4. Strand 3: New Light Through Old Windows Chapter 5. Strand 4: Chatham Islands - Rekohu/Wharekauri - How Big? Chapter 6. Strand 5: Just Part of the Problem Chapter 7. Strand 6: The Human Touch Chapter 8. Strand 7: Piled Higher and Deeper Chapter 9. Strand 8: A Country with Latitude Chapter 10. Stand 9: Life and Death on the Edge Chapter 11. Strand 10: The Future Bibliography Index
£26.12
Oxford University Press Glaciation
Book SynopsisVast, majestic, and often stunningly beautiful, glaciers lock up some 10% of the world''s freshwater. These great bodies of ice play an important part in the Earth system, carving landscapes and influencing climate on regional and hemispheric scales, as well as having a significant impact on global sea level. Throughout time,the Earth has experienced various major glaciations in its deep history, long before the ice ages of the Quaternary, and the observed effects of climate change on glaciers have recently brought them to the forefront of public attention This Very Short Introduction offers an overview of glaciers and ice sheets as systems, considering the role of geomorphology and sedimentology in studying them, and their impacts on our planet in terms of erosional and depositional processes. Looking at our glaciers today, and their ongoing processes, David Evans considers the extent to which we can use this knowledge in reconstructing and interpreting ancient glacial landscapes. ABOUT THE SERIES: The Very Short Introductions series from Oxford University Press contains hundreds of titles in almost every subject area. These pocket-sized books are the perfect way to get ahead in a new subject quickly. Our expert authors combine facts, analysis, perspective, new ideas, and enthusiasm to make interesting and challenging topics highly readable.Table of Contents1: The glacier as a system 2: Charting glacier change 3: Glacial erosion processes and forms 4: Glacial deposition processes and forms 5: Glacial landsystems References Further Reading Index
£9.49
Oxford University Press Landscapes and Geomorphology
Book SynopsisWhat were the landscapes of the past like? What will landscapes look like in the future? Landscapes are all around us, but most of us know very little about how they have developed, what goes on in them, and how they react to changing climates, tectonics and human activities. Examining what landscape is, and how we use a range of ideas and techniques to study it, Andrew Goudie and Heather Viles demonstrate how geomorphologists have built on classic methods pioneered by some great 19th century scientists to examine our Earth. Using examples from around the world, including New Zealand, the Tibetan Plateau, and the deserts of the Middle East, they examine some of the key controls on landscape today such as tectonics and climate, as well as humans and the living world. They also discuss some key ''landscape detectives'' from the past, including Charles Darwin who did some important, but often overlooked, research on landscape. Concluding with the cultural importance of landscape, and exploring how this has led to the conservation of much ''earth heritage'', they delve into the future and look at how we can predict the response of landscapes to climate change in the future.ABOUT THE SERIES: The Very Short Introductions series from Oxford University Press contains hundreds of titles in almost every subject area. These pocket-sized books are the perfect way to get ahead in a new subject quickly. Our expert authors combine facts, analysis, perspective, new ideas, and enthusiasm to make interesting and challenging topics highly readable.Table of ContentsIntroduction ; 1. The changing landscape ; 2. The present is the key to the past ; 3. Landscapes past and present ; 4. Landscapes, tectonics, and climate ; 5. Living landscapes ; 6. Landscapes and us ; 7. Landscapes of the future ; 8. Landscapes, art, and culture ; 9. Unseen landscapes ; Further Reading
£9.49
Columbia University Press Organic Matter Productivity Accumulation and
Book SynopsisThis monograph attempts to unlock the mechanics of sedimentation, focusing on the production, accumulation and preservation of organic matter in marine and lacustrine sediments. The contributors cover a range of geological ages, as well as temperature and organic matter types.Table of ContentsContributors Acknowledgments Part I: Preliminaries 1. Introduction, by Jean K. Whelan and John W. Farrington 2. Reflections on the Career and Times of John M. Hunt, by Wallace G. Dow 3. Modeling Petroleum Generation in Sedimentary Basins, by John M. Hunt and R. J-C. Hennet Part II: Recent Sediments and Depositional Environments 4. Sources, Cycling, and Distribution of Water Column Particulate and Sedimentary Organic Matter in Northern Newfoundland Fjords and Bays: A Stable Isotope Study, by Nathaniel E. Ostrom and Stephen A. Macko 5. Organic Matter Accumulation, Remineralization, and Burial in an Anoxic Coastal Sediment, by C.S. Martens, Robert I. Haddad, and Jeffrey P. Chanton 6. Organic Carbon Remineralization and Preservation in Sediments of Skan Bay, Alaska, by Marc. J. Alperin, William S. Reeburgh, and Alan H. Devol 7. Preservation of Sargassum Under Anoxic Conditions: Molecular and Isotopic Evidence, by Mahlon c. Kennicutt II, Stephen A. Macko, H. Rodger Harvey, Robert R.Bidigare 8. Geochemical Features of Organic Matter in Sediment Cores from Lutzow-Holm Bay, Antarctica, by Genki I. Matsumoto, Eiji Matsumoto, Kiyotaka Sasaki, and Kunihiko Watanuki 9. Sedimentation and Preservation of Amino Compounds and Carbohydrates in Marine Sediments, by Jean K. Whelan and Kay-Christian Emeis 10. Hydrodynamic Controls of Anoxia in Shallow Lakes, by Paul W. Jewell Part III: Transition 11. Organic Carbon Accumulation and Preservation in Marine Sediments: How Important is Anoxia?, by Stephen E. Calvert and T.F. Pedersen 12. Early-Stage Incorporation of Sulfur Into Protokerogens and Possible Kerogen Precursors, by R.P. Philp, N. Suzuki, and A. Galvez-Sinibaldi 13. Bitumen Classification and Biomarker Correlation Studies Based on Organic Extracts from Neogene Gulf of California Sediments, by Paul A. Comet, J. McEvoy, and Mahlon C. Kennicutt II 14. Resolution of Sediment Hydrocarbon Sources: Multiparameter Approaches, by Mahlon C. Kennicutt II and Paul A. Comet 15. Biomarkers in Recent and Ancient Sediments: The Importance of the Diagenetic Continuum, by Simon C. Brassell 16. Natural Hydrous Pyrolysis: Petroleum Generation in Submarine Hhydrothermal Systems, by Bernd R.T. Simoneit 17. Stable Carbon Isotope Changes During the Maturation of Organic Matter, by Margarita E. Conkright and W.M. Sackett Part IV: Ancient Sediments 18. Source and Biomarker Composition Characteristics of Chinese Nonmarine Crude Oils, by Jiamo Fu and Guoying Sheng 19. Volatile Organic Compounds Associated with Oil Seepage Along the Northern Continental Slope of the Gulf of Mexico, by Thomas J. McDonald, Mahlon C. Kennicutt II, James M. Brooks, and Roger R. Fay 20. Maturity and Facies-Controlled Composition of the Organic Matter of Selected Oil Shales, by H. Wehner, H. Hufnagel, M. Teschner, and J. Koester 21. Organic Matter Response to Change of Depositional Environment in Kimmeridgian Shales, Dorset, U.K., by A.Y. Huc, E. Lallier-Verges, P. Bertrand, B. Carpentier, and D.J. Hollander 22. The Distribution and Generation of Hydrocarbons in Carbonate Source Rocks, by Kazuo Taguchi and Kazushi Mori Index
£100.00
Yale University Press Secrets of the Ice
Book SynopsisSweeping research on the frozen continent of Antarctica is yielding insights of global importance.Trade Review “A visual and literate exploration of a distant, yet important, continent about which amazingly little is known.”—Choice * Choice *"A worthy piece of writing in its own right, but the color photographs (more than 150 of them) set it apart."—American Scientist * American Scientist *"Richly illustrated with color photographs of Antarctic landscapes, wildlife, and the scientists at work in the field and laboratory."—BioScience * BioScience *
£38.00
Taylor & Francis Ltd Space and Time in Geomorphology
Book SynopsisThis book, first published in 1982, is a collection of articles aimed at advancing the field of geomorphology. It starts from the position that a meaningful grasp of landscape evolution would depend upon an understanding of the present spatial distribution of processes and process rates; comparison of spatial versus temporal change; and careful appraisal of the character and composition of the stratigraphic record. Each article uses a data set to address between threshold variability in either a spatial or temporal context, and often both.Table of Contents1. The Spatial Variation of Soil Loss and Soil Loss Controls Michael J. Bovis 2. Soil-Geomorphic Models and the Spatial Distribution and Development of Alpine Soils Scott F. Burns and Philip J. Tonkin 3. The Spatial Variability of Surficial Soil Movement Rates in Alpine Environments Nel Caine 4. Variability in Badlands Erosion: Problems of Scale and Threshold Identification Ian A. Campbell and John L. Honsaker 5. The Ergodic Principle in Erosional Models Richard G. Craig 6. The Geomorphology of the Sangamon Surface: Its Spatial and Temporal Attributes Leon R. Follmer 7. Spatial and Temporal Variations in Karst Solution Rates: the Structure of Variability D.C. Ford and J.J. Drake 8. Alpine Mass-Wasting in Contemporary Time: Some Examples from the Canadian Rocky Mountains James S. Gardner 9. Spatial Variation of Fluvial Processes in Semi-Arid Lands William L. Graf 10. Interrelationships among Geomorphic Interpretations of the Stratigraphic Record, Process Geomorphology and Geomorphic Models W. Hilton Johnson 11. Variability of Rainwash Erosion within Small Sample Areas Shiu-hung Luk 12. The Influence of Topography on the Spatial Variability of Soils in Mediterranean Climates Daniel R. Muhs 13. Temporal Variability of a Summer Shorezone Antony R. Orme 14. Using the Normal Generated Distribution to Analyze Spatial and Temporal Variability in Geomorphic Processes H. Charles Romesburg and Jerome V. DeGraff 15. Problems in the Identification of Stability and Structure from Temporal Data Series John Thornes 16. Geomorphic Responses to Climatic Forcing during the Holocene Wayne M. Wendleand
£32.29
Taylor & Francis Ltd River Coastal and Estuarine Morphodynamics. RCEM
Book SynopsisCoastal, estuarine, fluvial and submarine morphodynamics encompass some of the leading processes shaping our planet. They stem mainly, but not only, from the interaction of water in motion and movable sediment boundaries, resulting in morphological changes produced by erosion, transport and deposition of sediments that generate a variety of landscapes and seascapes over time. Morphodynamics allows for a better understanding and interpretation of self adjustments in drainage basins, longitudinal river profiles and shorelines shapes, as well as characteristic features such as beach cusps, bed forms such as dunes, and channel patterns. This collection of about 150 contributions should be invaluable to wetland ecologists, fish biologists, engineers, geomorphologists, fluvial engineers, coastal scientists , as well as to scientists interested in processes responsible for earth-surface landscape evolution.
£285.00
John Wiley & Sons Inc Glacial Geology
Book SynopsisThe new Second Edition of Glacial Geology provides a modern, comprehensive summary of glacial geology and geomorphology. It is has been thoroughly revised and updated from the original First Edition. This book will appeal to all students interested in the landforms and sediments that make up glacial landscapes.Trade Review"The book is written in an accessible manner and well-illustrated; undergraduate students will thus embrace it as a first resource." (Experimental Agriculture, 2010)Table of ContentsPreface ix Acknowledgements xi Illustrations xiii Chapter 1: Introduction 1 1.1 What is Glacial Geology and Why is it Important? 1 1.2 The Aim and Structure of this Book 6 Chapter 2: Glaciations Around The Globe 7 2.1 The Antarctic Ice Sheet 7 2.2 Greenland in the Greenhouse 15 2.3 Southern Hemisphere Temperate Glaciers: Patagonia and New Zealand 17 2.4 Northern Hemisphere Temperate Glaciers: Alaska and Iceland 21 2.5 High-Altitude Glaciers: The Himalaya 22 2.6 Tropical Glaciers: The Cordillera Blanca, Peru 26 2.7 Arctic Polythermal Glaciers 29 2.8 Summary 33 Suggested Reading 33 Chapter 3: Mass Balance and the Mechanisms of Ice Flow 41 3.1 Annual Mass Balance 41 3.2 The Mass Balance Gradient: The Glacial Driving Mechanism 44 3.3 Mechanisms of Ice Flow 47 3.4 The Principles of Basal Thermal Regime 55 3.5 Patterns and Rates of Ice Flow 63 3.6 Glacier Response to Climate Change 69 3.7 Summary 76 Suggested Reading 76 Chapter 4: Glacier Hydrology 81 4.1 Glacier Hydrology 81 4.2 Sources of Glacial Meltwater 82 4.3 Storage of Water in Glaciers 83 4.4 Methods of Studying Glacier Hydrology 84 4.5 Glacier Hydrological Systems 86 4.6 Subglacial Water Pressure 90 4.7 Discharge Fluctuations 97 4.8 Glacial Meltwater Erosion 102 4.9 Summary 104 Suggested Reading 104 Chapter 5: The Processes of Glacial Erosion 109 5.1 Glacial Abrasion 109 5.2 Glacial Quarrying 117 5.3 Estimating Rates of Glacial Erosion 125 5.4 Patterns of Glacial Erosion 128 5.5 Summary 131 Suggested Reading 131 Chapter 6: Landforms of Glacial Erosion 135 6.1 Microscale Features of Glacial Erosion 135 6.2 Mesoscale Features of Glacial Erosion 147 6.3 Macroscale Features of Glacial Erosion 157 6.4 Landscapes of Glacial Erosion 174 6.5 Summary 179 Suggested Reading 179 Chapter 7: Glacial Debris Entrainment and Transport 185 7.1 High-Level Debris Transport 185 7.2 Debris Entrainment 190 7.3 Low-Level Debris Transport 193 7.4 Debris Transfer Between Low and High Levels 197 7.5 Debris Transfer 198 7.6 Summary 202 Suggested Reading 203 Chapter 8: Glacial Sedimentation on Land 207 8.1 Direct Glacial Sedimentation 207 8.2 Fluvial Sedimentation 235 8.3 Summary 243 Suggested Reading 244 Chapter 9: Landforms of Glacial Deposition on Land 247 9.1 Ice-Marginal Moraines 247 9.2 Subglacial Landforms Formed by Ice or Sediment Flow 268 9.3 Glaciofluvial Ice-Marginal Landforms 289 9.4 Glaciofluvial Subglacial Landforms 296 9.5 Summary 299 Suggested Reading 299 Chapter 10: Glacial Sedimentation in Water 305 10.1 Sedimentation in Lacustrine Environments 305 10.2 Sedimentation in Marine Environments 315 10.3 Distinguishing Glaciolacustrine and Glaciomarine Diamicts from Glacial Tills 324 10.4 Summary 325 Suggested Reading 325 Chapter 11: Landforms of Glacial Deposition in Water 329 11.1 Glaciolacustrine Landforms 330 11.2 Glaciomarine Landforms 336 11.3 Summary 343 Suggested Reading 343 Chapter 12: Palaeoglaciology 347 12.1 The Methods Used in Palaeoglaciology 347 12.2 The Key Landforms Used in Palaeoglaciology 353 12.3 Former Subglacial Thermal Regimes 358 12.4 Palaeoglaciological Reconstructions 367 12.5 Summary 370 Suggested Reading 372 Index 377
£42.26
John Wiley & Sons Inc Soil Erosion
Book SynopsisA thorough look at physical properties of soil erosion Soil erosion has been responsible for billions of dollars of damage during the past thirty years, in the United States alone. Soil Erosion provides complete coverage of the physical causes, processes, and effects of this environmental problem from its origins to planning for future conservation and remediation. This book focuses on the process of soil erosion and erosion-control principles independent of land use. Coverage includes the primary factors that influence soil erosion, various types of erosion, erosion-prediction technology, erosion measurements, erosion and sediment control, and conservation of the land. Practical material on erosion models is featured along with ways to use these models as erosion-control tools. Details of conservation planning and government policy are presented in a historical context, supported by examples of working public programs and technical tools for conservation planning. End-of-cTrade Review"...readable and accessible to those without detailed knowledge of the subject..." (European Jnl of Soil Science, Sep 2003)Table of ContentsPreface. Acknowledgments. 1. Introduction. Physical and Economic Significance of Erosion. Social Significance of Erosion. Soil-Erosion Research. Terminology of Erosion. Development of Landscapes: A Context for Erosion. Summary. Suggested Readings. 2. Primary Factors Influencing Soil Erosion. Water Erosion. Wind Erosion. Integrated Site Perspective. Summary. Suggested Readings. 3. Types of Erosion. Water Erosion. Wind Erosion. Links between Wind and Water Erosion. Mechanical Movement of Soil. Summary. Suggested Readings. 4. Erosion Processes. Basic Principles Common to Water and Wind Erosion. Water Erosion. Wind Erosion. Summary. Suggested Readings. 5. Erosion-Prediction Technology. Fundamentals of Erosion-Prediction Technology. Elements of Erosion-Model Mathematics. Types of Mathematical Erosion Models. Other Types of Erosion Models. Steps in Developing an Erosion Model. Choosing a Model. Sensitivity Analysis. Summary. Suggested Readings. 6. Erosion Measurement. Reasons to Measure Erosion. Types of Erosion Measurement. Erosion-Measurement Practices. Selected Measurement Techniques. Evaluation of Erosion Measurement. Summary. Suggested Readings. 7. Erosion and Sediment Control. Principles of Erosion and Sediment Control. Examples of Water-Erosion-Control Practices. Control of Concentrated-Flow Erosion. Sediment Control. Wind-Erosion Control. Summary. Suggested Readings. 8. Land Conservation. Public Conservation Programs. Conservation Planning. Technical Tools for Conservation Planning. Local Soil Conservation Planning for On-Site Erosion and Sediment Control. Conservation Planning by Governmental Units. Lessons from the U.S. Conservation Movement. Suggested Readings. 9. Perspectives and the Future. Essential Lessons. Future for Soil Conservation. Conclusions. Appendix A: Soils. Soil Properties. Sediment Properties. Sources of Information. Suggested Readings. Appendix B: Hydrology. Precipitation Process. Water Storage. Infiltration Process. Runoff Process. Evaporation and Transpiration Processes. Sources of Information. Suggested Readings. Appendix C: Soil Erosion Web Sites. References. Index.
£163.76
John Wiley & Sons Inc Remote Sensing of Sea Ice and Icebergs
Book SynopsisDescribes the latest remote sensing technologies used to detect ice hazards in the marine environment; map surface currents, sea-state and surface winds; study ice dynamics, over ice transportation, oil spill countermeasures, climate changes and ice reconnaisance. Includes such technologies as acoustic sensing, ice-thickness measurement, passive microwave remote sensing, ground wave and surface-based radars.Table of ContentsProperties of Snow and Ice (E. Lewis, et al.). Acoustic and Seismic Sensing Techniques (D. Farmer & Y.Xie). Ice-Thickness Measurement (J. Rossiter & J. Holladay). Passive Microwave Systems (I. Rubinstein, et al.). Active Microwave Systems (R. Raney). Over-the-Horizon Radar (S. Srivastava & J. Walsh). Surface-Based Radar: Noncoherent (E. Lewis, et al.). Surface-Based Radar: Coherent (S. Haykin, et al.). Operational Airborne Radars (R. Lowry). Synthetic Aperture Radar Images of Sea Ice (C. Livingstone). RADARSAT and Operational Ice Information (R. Raney & J.Falkingham). Supplementary Topics and Future Diretions (S. Haykin & R.Raney). Index.
£223.16
John Wiley & Sons Inc Advances in Fluvial Dynamics and Stratigraphy
Book SynopsisDevelopments in the modelling of sediment transport in rivers and the interactions with the river-bed have been remarkable over the last two decades. This progress has increased the understanding of the nature of turbulence, and the ability to replicate mathematically simple flow-particle interactions which can be observed experimentally. In addition, quite elegant models of stratigraphic complexes have evolved because of the growing computational power available to scientists. As always, additional knowledge has raised even more intriguing questions and the quest for explanation of phenomena has led to increased specialisation. Therefore, there are few fluid dynamicists or sedimentologists who can successfully span the two disciplines. The intention of this book is to assist various specialists on keeping abreast of current developments in related areas. The book initially focuses on hydrodynamics of turbulent flow, followed by basic two and three-dimensional flow through straight andTable of ContentsPartial table of contents: Turbulent Flow in Rivers (J. Williams). The Fluid Dynamics of Small-scale Alluvial Bedforms (J.Best). Entrainment of Sediments from Deposits of Mixed Grain Sizes andDensities (P. Komar). Unsteady Transport of Sand Gravel Mixtures (R. Kuhnle). Modelling the Sediment Transport Process (A. Kelsey). Reconstructing Fluvial Channel Morphology from SedimentarySequences (C. Bristow). The Prediction and Modelling of Subsurface Fluvial Stratigraphy (C.North). Index.
£325.76
John Wiley & Sons Inc Landslide Recognition
Book SynopsisEvery year a landslide disaster occurs somewhere in Europe. Destructive events are fortunately infrequent but when they do occur they are often tragic in their effects. Europe is heavily populated and development is expanding into areas where natural events are more likely to happen. Landslide Recognition is written by specialists from several European institutions and is designed to portray the diagnostic features of landslides as they would appear in the field, on maps or in photographs. Brief descriptions are provided and some guidance is given in the area in which different landslide types might be expected. This book will assist planners, developers, engineers and earth scientists to recognise where a problem may exist and to diagnose what type of failure may occur. The correct investigations and remedial measures may then be applied.Table of ContentsFall (J. Flageollet and D. Weber). Topple (R. Dikau, et al.). Slide (Rational) (J. Buma and T. van Asch). Slide (Transitional) (M. Ibsen, et al.). Lateral Spreading (A. Pasuto, et al.). Flow (C. Bisci, et al.). Complex (M. Angeli, et al.). Appendices. Glossary. Indexes.
£284.36
John Wiley & Sons Inc Cohesive Sediments
Book SynopsisThis work discusses the design, maintenance and management problems in estuaries that sedimentary movements cause, and how to predict such movement in the future. The collection of papers explores these issues from both the engineers and the scientists viewpoint.Table of ContentsList of Contributors. Preface. CONFERENCE OVEVIEW. One of the Characterisation of Cohesive Sediment for Transport Modelling (W. Parker). The in-situ Determination of the Settling Velocities of Suspended Fine-Grained Sediment--a review (D. Eisma and K. Dyer). The Kolmogorov Microscale as a Limiting Value for the Floc sizes of Suspended Fine-Grained Sediments in Estuaries (W. van Leussen). Temporal Variability in Aggregate Size and Settling Velocity in the Oosterschelde (The Netherlands) (W. ten Brinke). Direct Measurements of Settling Velocities in the Owen Tube: A Comparison with Gravimetric Analysis (M. Dearnaley). Estimation of Settling Flux Spectra in Estuaries Using INSSEV (M. Fennessy, et al.). SETTLING AND CONSOLIDATION. Consolidation of Cohesive Sediments in Settling Columns (G. Sills). Towards a New Constitutive Equation for Effective Stress in Self-Weight Consolidation (E. Toorman and H. Huysentruyt). GENERAL DESCRIPTIVE DYNAMICS/CASE STUDY. Turbidity Maxima Formation in Four Estuaries (A. Arundale, et al.). EQUIPMENT AND INSTRUMENTATION. Interfacial Hydrodynamics and Entertainment Functions of Currently Used Erosion Devices (G. Gust and V. Müller). On the Development of Instruments for in situ Erosion Measurements (J. Cornelisse, et al). Developments in the Combined use of Acoustic Doppler Current Profilers and Profiling Siltmeters for Suspended Solids Monitoring (J. Land, et al.). A Laboratory Study of Cohesive Sediment Transport (M. Crapper and K. Ali). DEPOSITION AND EROSION. Biological Mediation of Sediment Erodibility: Ecology and Physical Dynamics (D. Paterson). Microbiological Factors Contributing to Erosion Resistance in Natural Cohesive Sediments (K. Black). Erosion of Mixed Cohesive/Non-Cohesive Sediments in Uniform Flow (H. Torfs). Size-Dependent Erosion of Two-Silty-Clay Sediment Mixtures (A. Teeter, et al.). Erosion of Fluid Mud by Entrainment (J. Winterwerp and C. Kranenburg). Critical Shear Stresses for Erosion and Deposition of Fine Suspeded Sediments of the Fraser River (B. Krishnappan and P. Engel). Interpreting Observations of Near-Bed Sediment Concentration and Estimation of 'Pick-up' Function Constants (J. Aldridge and J. Rees). Experiments on Erosion of Mud from the Danish Wadden Sea (C. Johansen, et al). BIOLOGY AND WAVE EFFECTS. A Review of Rheometric Methods for use with Fine Sediments (T. Jones). On the Liquefaaction and Erosion of Mud due to Waves and Current (P. de Wit and C. Kranenburg). Mud Fluidization by Water Waves (Y. Li and J. Mehta). Erosion and Liquefaction of Natural Mud Under Surface Waves (H. Verbeek and J. Cornelisse). MODELLING. A Review of Cohesive Sediment Transport Models (C. Teisson). Modelling Multiphase Sediment Transport in Estuaries (D. Willis and N. Crookshank). Numerical Modelling of Mud and Sand Mixtures (T. Chesher and M. Ockenden). Mass Fluxes in Fluid-Mud Layers on an Inclined Bed (T. Kusuda, et al.). Fluid and Sediment "Integrated" Modelling Application to Fluid Mud Flows in Estuaries (P. le Hir). Equilibrium Hypsometry of Fine-Grained Shore Profiles (S. Lee and A. Mehta). Simulating Turbulent Vertical Exchange of Mud with a Reynolds Stress Model (J. Galland, et al.). An Intercomparison Exercise of Cohesive Sediment Transport Numerical Models (L. Hamm, et al.).
£207.86
John Wiley & Sons Inc Spectroscopy for Surface Science
Book SynopsisSurface analysis deals with characterizing and understanding the behavior of molecules which react on the surface between two substances.Table of ContentsElectron-Yield X-Ray Absorption Spectroscopy in Gaseous Environments (S. Schroeder, et al.). Static SIMS--Surface Analysis by Mass Spectrometry (J. Vickerman). Scanning Probe Spectroscopies (S. Tear). Non-Linear Optical Spectroscopy of the Electrochemical Interface (A. Tadjeddine A. Peremans). Vibrational Spectroscopy of Electrochemical Interfaces: Some Walls and Bridges to Surface Science Understanding (M. Weaver S. Zou). Infrared Spectroscopic Techniques for the Study of Thin Interfacial Films (A. Horn). Nuclear Magnetic Resonance and Surface Phenomena (B. Gerstein). Index.
£547.16
Wiley Fluvial Processes and Environmental Change
Book SynopsisThis volume consists of twenty chapters addressing different aspects of the theme of fluvial processes and environmental change. The overall coverage is broad; scientifically, (from modelling to alluvial dating), geographically (from arid zone flash-flooding to glacial meltwaters) and in time (from contemporary process studies to the Quaternary). The introductory chapter sets the context, which is an attempt to show how studies of fluvial processes can help us in understanding and therefore predicting the impact of environmental change on our rivers, riverine resources and landscapes. Environmental change includes both climatic factors, however caused, and human impacts on river basins. The differentiation of these two factors is discussed in several chapters whilst others take a more holistic approach. Both climatic and human factors have, and will remain, to act together and so their interactions need to be understood. Fluvial Processes and Environmental Change is divided into five sTrade Review"This is highly useful for post-graduates and researchers in fluvial geomorphology, hydrology, quarternary sceince, geology and environmental science." International Journal of Geosciences - Environmental Geology "...the content and breadth of this volume will make it a useful reference for a range of scholars in the environmental earth sciences..." (River Research and Applications, Vol 19(7), Dec 2003)Table of ContentsSlope Catchment Scale. Channel Response. Floodplain Processes. Floodplain Response. Glacierized Catchments.
£296.96
University of California Press Darkening Peaks
Book SynopsisDiscusses the ways that scientists have observed and modeled glaciers, tells how climate change is altering their size and distribution, and looks at their effect on human life.Trade Review" A fascinating and stimulating volume ... a wonderful reference ... and a thumping good read." Journal Of Quaternary Science
£56.80
Cambridge University Press Periglacial Processes and Landforms in Britain
Book SynopsisThis 1987 book examines the intimate link between periglacial geomorphology and the fluctuating climates of the Quaternary Period, which is well illustrated in the British Isles. The contributors also examine areas that are similar to periglacial Britain. Other topics discussed include ground ice depressions and pingo remnants.Table of ContentsPreface; Introduction; Part I. The Search for Analogues; Section 1. Present Cold Environments: 1. Periglacial forms of Svalvbard: a review Jonas Åkerman; 2. Periglacial processes and landforms in the Western Canadian Arctic H. M. French; 3. Periglacial phenomena of northern Fennoscandia Matti Seppälä; 4. Spatial and temporal trends in alpine periglacial studies: implications for paleo reconstruction Colin E. Thorn and Deborah S. Loewenherz; Section 2. Pleistocene Conditions in Adjacent Europe: 5. Pleistocene periglacial conditions and geomorphology in north central Europe Johannes Karte; 6. Weichselian periglacial structures and their environmental significance: Belgium, the Netherlands, and northern France A. Pissart; Part II. Britain and Ireland; Section 3. Introduction: 7. Permafrost stratigraphy in Britain - a first approximation Peter Worsley; 8. Periglacial periods in Ireland William P. Warren; 9. The present-day periglaciation of upland Britain Colin K. Ballantyne; Section 4. Weathering and soils: 10. Frost weathered mantles on the Chalk R. B. G. Williams; 11. Frost and salt weathering as periglacial processes: the results and implications of some laboratory experiments L. C. Jerwood, D. A. Robinson and R. B. G. Williams; 12. Effects of the Devensian cold stage on soil characteristics and distribution in eastern England J. A. Catt; 13. Periglacial features in the soils of north east Scotland E. A. Fitzpatrick; 14. Characteristic ratios of width to depth-of-sorting for sorted stripes in the English Lake District Jeff Warburton; 15. Rock platform erosion on periglacial shores: a modern analogue for Pleistocene rock platforms in Britain A. G. Dawson, J. A. Matthews and R. A. Shakesby; Section 5. Permafrost and ground ice: 16. Ramparted ground ice depressions in Britain and Ireland R. H. Bryant and C. P. Carpenter; 17. Origin of small hollows in Norfolk R. G. West; 18. The distribution and age of pingo remnants in Ireland P. Coxon and P. O'Callaghan; 19. The role of thermokarst in landscape development in eastern England Rodney G. O. Burton; Section 6. Slopes, Sediments and Mass Wasting: 20. Solifluction and related periglacial deposits in England and Wales Charles Harris; 21. Periglacial sediments and landforms in the Isles of Scilly and West Cornwall J. D. Scourse; 22. Late Devensian periglacial slope deposits in the Cheviot Hills T. D. Douglas and S. Harrison; 23. Strongly folded structures associated with permafrost degradation and solifluction at Lyme Regis, Dorset J. N. Hutchinson and D. W. Hight; 24. Non-marine molluscan faunas of periglacial deposits in Britain D. H. Keen; 25. Sedimentological aspects of periglacial terrace aggradations: a case study from the English Midlands Martin Dawson; 26. The periglacial history of Buchan, north east Scotland E. R. Connell and A. M. Hall; 27. The significance of periglacial features on Knocknadobar, south west Ireland I. M. Quinn; Index.
£39.59
Cambridge University Press World Geomorphology
Book SynopsisWorld Geomorphology deals with the large-scale relief features of the earth and shows how these are related to the major segments of the earth's crust known as lithospheric plates. The aim of the book is to convey an understanding of the earth's major relief features and to present a subdivision of the earth's surface in provinces which have had similar geological or geomorphological history.Trade Review"The book is packed with factual information and is very concisely written." Colin R. Thorne, Geology Magazine"The principal value of World Geomorphology will be as a quick reference for university-level teachers and students on the influence of geologic factors on regional landforms for any location on Earth. It will be useful in teaching regional geography courses where a reference is needed to generate more detailed background information on the physical setting. When presenting remotely sensed imagery of regional landforms in the teaching of physical geography or geomorphology, World Geomorphology will serve as an interpretive aid." Richard A. Marston, Journal of GeographyTable of Contents1. Introduction; 2. Continental drift and plate tectonics; 3. Africa; 4. The Americas; 5. Antarctica; 6. Asia; 7. Australia; 8. Europe; 9. The Pacific Ocean basin; 10. Geographical implications of major geomorphological features; Further reading; Index.
£48.99
Cambridge University Press Zoogeomorphology Animals as Geomorphic Agents
Book SynopsisAnimals as geomorphic agents have primarily been considered curiosities in the literature of geomorphology, whose spatial and quantitative influences have been seen as both limited and minor. Zoogeomorphology: Animals as Geomorphic Agents, which is wholly devoted to this topic, examines the distinct geomorphic influences of invertebrates, ectothermic vertebrates, birds and mammals, and demonstrates the importance of animals as landscape sculptors. Specific processes associated with the diversity of animal influences in geomorphology are examined, including burrowing and denning, nesting, lithophagy and geophagy, wallowing and trampling, food caching, excavating for food, and dam building by beavers. Particular emphasis is placed on terrestrial animals, although aquatic animals are also discussed where appropriate.Trade Review"...Butler has written a book which... is a fine piece of workmanship and will be read by all even remotely interested in zoogeomorphology. It should be an informed stimulant for years to come." Stanley W, Trimble, Earth Surface Processes in Landforms"I thoroughly enjoyed reading this book, as the author is not only knowledgable in geomorphology, but is also witty and delightfully humourous in his writing....At present, there is no other book on zoogeomorphology. This, coupled with its atractively low price and its undeniable charm, make it a first choice both for geomorphologists and for anyone interested in animals and their ecology." Francisco L. Perez, Geomorphology"...an educating and entertaining treatise...Ecologists interested in ecosystem engineering by species will find Zoogeomorphology a very valuable source of information...." Clive G. Jones, Ecology"...a handy reference for the general phenomena associated with zoogeomorphology....Perhaps its most valuable role will be to stimulate both biologists and geomorphologists to further investigate what are likely to be interesting and important influences of animals on the Earth's surface and near surface environment." O.J. Reichman, Quarterly Review of BiologyTable of ContentsAcknowledgements; 1. Introduction; 2. The geomorphic influences of invertebrates; 3. The geomorphic accomplishments of ectothermic vertebrates; 4. Birds as agents of erosion, transportation and deposition; 5. The geomorphic effects of digging for and caching food; 6. Trampling, wallowing and geophagy by mammals; 7. The geomorphic effects of mammalian burrowing; 8. The geomorphic influence of beavers; 9. Concluding remarks; References; Index.
£99.75
Taylor & Francis Global Geomorphology
Book SynopsisThe plate tectonics revolution in the earth sciences has provided a valuable new framework for understanding long-term landform development.This innovative text provides a comprehensive introduction to the subject of global geomorphology, with the emphasis placed on large-scale processes and phenomena. Integrating global tectonics into the study of landforms and incorporating planetary geomorphology as a major component the author discusses the impact of climatic change and the role of catastrophic events on landform genesis and includes a comprehensive study of surface geomorphic processes.Table of Contents1. Introduction 2. Endogenic Processes and Landforms 3. Exogenic Processes and Landforms 4. Endogenic-Exogenic Interactions 5. Extraterrestrial Landforms
£58.89
John Wiley and Sons Ltd Pelagic Sediments
Book SynopsisThis first IAS Special Publication contains the oral presentations from a special symposium on pelagic sediments held in Zurich in 1973. The aim of the symposium was to bring together sea-borne researchers involved with the Deep Sea Drilling Project and land-locked researchers studying ancient sediments. If you are a member of the International Association of Sedimentologists, for purchasing details, please see: http://www.iasnet.org/publications/details.asp?code=SP1Table of ContentsIntroduction. Plate stratigraphy and the fluctuating carbonate line. Preservation of cephalopod skeletons and carbonate dissolution on ancient Tethyan sea floors. Sedimentology of Palaeozoic pelagic limestones: the Devonian Griotte (Southern France) and Cephalopodenkalk (Germany). Deep-water limestones from the Devonian-Carboniferous of the Carnic Alps, Austria. Pelagic ooze-chalk-limestone transition ands its implications for marine stratigraphy. Some aspects of cementation in chalk. Diagenesis of Upper Cretaceous chalks from England, Northern Ireland and the North Sea. Maastrichian chalk of north-west W Europe - a pelagic shelf sediment. Magnesian-calcite nodules in the Ionian deep sea: an actualistic model for the formation of some nodular limestones. Origin of red nodular limestones (Ammonitico Rosso, Knollenkalke) in the Mediterranean Jurassic: a diagenetic model. Deposition and diagenesis of silica in marine sediments. Chertification of oceanic sediments. Petrography and diagenesis of deep-sea cherts from the central Atlantic. Formation of deep-sea chert: role of the sedimentary environment. Siliceous turbisites: bedded cherts as redeposited ocean ridge-derived sediments. Radiolarian cherts, pelagic limestones and igneous rocks in eugeosynclinal assemblages. Origin and fate of ferromenganoan active ridge sediments. Pelagic sediments in the Cretaceous and Tertiary history of the Troodos massif, Cyprus. Encrusting organisms in deep-sea manganese nodules
£57.56
John Wiley and Sons Ltd Sedimentology Review 1
Book Synopsis* Rapid coverage of the most recent developments in sedimentology for students, researchers and professional geologists in industry. * Edited by a board of experts in their respective fields. * High quality, accessible information from international authorities. * Generously illustrated. .Table of ContentsPreface. Balmy shores and icy wastes: the paradox of carbonates associated with glacial deposits in Neoproterozoic times. Cretaceous climates. The recognition and stratigraphic implications of orbital-forcing of climate and sedimentary cycles. Carbonate diagenesis and sequence stratigraphy. Rudist formations of the Cretaceous: a palaeoecological, sedimentological and stratigraphical review. Oxygen-related mudrock biofacies. Hummocky cross-stratification. An introduction to estuarine lithosomes and their controls
£111.56
John Wiley and Sons Ltd Rivers and Floodplains
Book SynopsisRivers and Floodplains is concerned with the origin, geometry, water flow, sediment transport, erosion and deposition associated with modern alluvial rivers and floodplains, how they vary in time and space, and how this information is used to interpret deposits of ancient rivers and floodplains. There is specific reference to the types and lifestyles of organisms associated with fluvial environments, human interactions with rivers and floodplains, associated environmental and engineering concerns, as well as the economic aspects of fluvial deposits, particularly the modeling of fluvial hydrocarbon reservoirs and aquifers. Methods of studying rivers and floodplains and their deposits are also discussed. Although basic principles are emphasized, many examples are detailed. Particular emphasis is placed on how an understanding of the nature of modern rivers and floodplains is required before any problems concerning rivers and floodplains, past or present, can be addressed ratioTrade Review"...a welcome addition to the smaller number of advanced texts on the subject. It covers an area of Earth Science that is of interest to a wide range of practitioners, and in which much new research has been published on a number of themes. The book is an excellent review of this work at a level that will be informtive and stimulating to research workers in a number of disciplines." W A Mitchell, University of Durham, Geoscientist, January 2004 "...an excellent reference volume for anyone working on present day or ancient river material..." The Open University Geological Society Journal, May 2004 "...a first-class resource for both researchers and interested graduate students in geology and geography." Journal of Quaternary Science, September 2004 "...the material is very well presented, extremely well illustrated and very well suited to the intended audience. What the text does so well is a comprehensive integration of gemorphologic and engineering approaches...This text should be a must for all itnerested in multi-disciplinary analyses of rivers, and fluvial deposits." Journal of Hydraulic Engineering, August 2005 "...this book represents a significant and distinctive contribution to the specialist literature on sedimentology, river form and process in modern and ancient rivers. It will aid the interpretation of sediments in the context of river and floodplain development for the advanced student and academic." The Holocene, June 2006Table of Contents1. Introduction. 2. Overview of River Systems. 3. Fundamentals of Water Flow. 4. Fundamentals of Sediment Transport. 5. Bed forms and Sedimentary Structures. 6. Alluvial Channels and Bars. 7. Floodplains. 8. Along-valley Variations in Channels and Floodplains. 9. Channel-belt movements across floodplains. 10. Long-term, Large-scale Evolution of Fluvial Systems. 11. Fossils in Fluvial Deposits. Appendix 1. Methods of Measuring Bed Topography, Water flow, Sediment Transport, Erosion and Deposition in Rivers. Appendix 2. Methods of Describing and Interpreting Sedimentary Strata. References
£90.86
Emerald Publishing Limited Guidebook of Applied Fluvial Geomorphology
Book SynopsisIn this book, the authors use their extensive experience gained through fieldwork, analysis, and input to the design process to provide a thorough understanding of geomorphology in the river environment and describe effective ways to incorporate geomorphological science into river engineering and management.Table of ContentsPreface Purpose of the Guidebook Basis for the Guidebook Inventory of sources used in preparing the Guidebook Fluvial Geomorphology: Its basis and methods River processes and channel geomorphology Driving processes 1: Understanding river sediment dynamics Driving Processes 2: Characterising and managing river sediment dynamics Geomorphology and river ecosystems: Tools and strategies for river and floodplain management Case studies of the application of geomorphological assessment procedures References
£160.07
Emerald Publishing Limited Partial Saturation in Compacted Soils
Book SynopsisThis book brings together all the Symposium papers from leading international researchers, published in Geotechnique, the keynote speeches presented at the Symposium, at the Institution of Civil Engineers on 20 June 2011, and a selection of questions posed by delegates during the Symposium, together with answers from presenters.Table of ContentsContents: 1. Editorial: partial saturation in compacted soils 2. Benchmark of constitutive models for unsaturated soils 3. Benchmark of experimental techniques for measuring and controlling suction 4. An insight into the water retention properties of compacted clayey soils 5. Hydromechanical behaviour of compacted granular expansive mixtures: experimental and constitutive study 6. Experimental observations of the stress regime in unsaturated compacted clay when laterally confined 7. Hydromechanical behaviour of a heterogeneous compacted soil: experimental observations and modelling 8. Modelling the response of Lechage earth and rockfill dam 9. Physical modelling of wetting-induced collapse in embankment base 10. Effects of the maximum soil aggregates size and cyclic wetting-drying on the stiffness of a lime-treated clayey soil 11. Some aspects of the behaviour of compacted soils along wetting paths
£84.08
CABI Publishing Soil Erosion and Sediment Redistribution in River
Book SynopsisThis book reviews the major achievements recently made in soil erosion and sediment redistribution research and management, and identifies future requirements. The book presents work from key players in river basin soil erosion and sediment redistribution from sources to sinks, field to riverbank, from academia to policy and industry. It examines the developments made in three themes - measurement, modelling and management - and covers a variety of scales (in both time and space) and geographical locations.Table of ContentsSECTION 1: INTRODUCTION 1: Introduction to soil erosion and sediment redistribution in river catchments: measurement, modelling and management in the 21st century SECTION 2: MEASUREMENT 2: Tracing versus monitoring: new challenges and opportunities in erosion and sediment delivery research 3: A comparison of caesium-137 and erosion pin data 4: Assessing the contribution of different processes to soil degradation within an arable catchment of the Stavropol upland, southern European Russia 5: Hillslope soil erosion and bioturbation after the Christmas 2001 forest fires near Sydney 6: Tracing eroded soil in a burnt water supply catchment, Sydney, Australia: linking magnetic enhancement to soil water repellency 7: Land use, sediment delivery and yield in England and Wales 8: Seasonal trends of suspended sediment concentration in a Mediterranean Basin (Anoia River, NE Spain) 9: Suspended sediment transport during rainfall and snowmelt-rainfall floods in a small lowland catchment, central Poland, L Hejduk, A Hejduk and K Banasik, Warsaw Agricultural University, Poland 10: Sediment in the River Bush, Northern Ireland - transport, sources and management implications, D J Evans, Queen's University Belfast, Northern Ireland, and C E Gibson, Department of Agriculture and Rural Development, Belfast, UK 11: The physical and biological influence of spawning fish on fine sediment transport and storage, E L Petticrew, University of Northern British Columbia, Canada 12: Lakes and reservoirs in the sediment delivery system - reconstructing sediment yields, I D L Foster, Coventry University, UK SECTION 3: MODELLING 13: Can erosion be predicted?, M A Nearing, USDA-ARS Southwest Watershed Research Center, USA 14: Erodibility assessment in dynamic event-based erosion models 15: Double-averaging methodology in stochastic modelling of soil erosion 16: Runoff and predicting erosion on hillslopes within catchments 17: The roles of natural and human disturbances in forest soil erosion 18: Runoff and erosion modelling by WEPP in an experimental Mediterranean watershed 19: Spatial modelling of ephemeral gully incision: a combined empirical and physical approach 20: Simulating fine sediment delivery in lowland catchments: model development and application of INCA-Sed SECTION 4: MANAGEMENT 21: Estimating sediment generation from hill slopes in England and Wales: development of a management planning tool, G A Wood, M McHugh, R P C Morgan, Cranfield University, UK and A Williamson, Environment Agency, Reading, UK 22: Management of sediment production and prevention in river catchments: a matter of scale? 23: Changes in the spatial distribution of erosion within a selectively logged rain-forest catchment in Borneo 1988-2003 24: Erosion and deposition rates on ""headlands"" in low-gradient sugarcane land in Australia 25: Land-use change, sediment fluxes and reef conservation in Belize, Central America 26: Understanding the distribution, structure and behaviour of urban sediments and associated metals towards improving water management strategies 27: Managing sediment in the landscape: current practices and future vision SECTION 5: SUMMARY AND OUTLOOK 28: Soil erosion and sediment redistribution in river catchments: summary, outlook and future requirements
£113.99
CABI Publishing Soil Erosion at Multiple Scales
Book SynopsisApproaches to research on the causes and impacts of soil erosion have changed significantly over recent years. Whereas biophysical research traditionally utilized small, carefully-managed erosion plots, models and methods are now available to study impacts of broad scale management on the hydrology and water quality of catchments and even river basins. Corresponding research tools have been developed for social and economic analysis at the household, farm and community levels. This book reviews the latest developments in such soil erosion studies. These are considered on a matrix of scales, from plot to river basin, and from farm to national policy. Some chapters review background issues while others consider specific methods. Conclusions of working groups are presented in another chapter. The book is based on papers presented at a workshop held in Indonesia in November 1997, and includes authors from Europe, America, Australia and Asia, as well as from several of the CGIAR centres.Table of Contents1: A Framework for the Economic Assessment of Soil Erosion and Soil Conservation 2: The Economics of Soil Degradation: From National Policy to Farmers' Fields 3: Bioeconomic Modelling for Analysing Soils Conservation Policy Issues 4: A Multiscale Approach for On-farm Erosion Research: Application to Northern Thailand Highlands 5: Building the Smallholder into Successful Natural Resource Management at the Watershed Scale 6: A Microeconomic Analysis of Adoption of Contour Hedgerows in the Philippine Uplands 7: Investigating Constraints to the Adoption of Recommended Soil Conservation Technology in the Philippines 8: CIAT's Strategic Research for Sustainable Land Management on the Steep Hillsides of Latin America 9: Measuring Erosion as a Component of Sustainability 10: Agronomic Consequences of Soil Erosion 11: Catchment Approach to Combating Soil Erosion in Asia - the Managing Soil Erosion Consortium 12: Latest Developments in the Design of Hydrological Studies of Watersheds 13: Off-site Impacts and Nutrient Dynamics in Catchment Research 14: On-site Nutrient Depletion: An Effect and a Cause of Soil Erosion 15: Erosion and Sedimentation as Multiscale, Fractal Processes: Implications for Models, Experiments and the Real World 16: Soil Erosion Research in Indonesia: Past Experience and Future Direction 17: Dynamic Process Modelling of Hydrology and Soil Erosion 18: The Measurement of Soil Erosion 19: The Use of GIS and Remote Sensing Techniques to Predict Erosion in the Nepal Middle Hills 20: Predicting Erosion and Sediment Yield at the Catchment Scale 21: Modelling Catchment Erosion, Sediment and Nutrient Transport in Large in Large Basins 22: Designing and Implementing Outcome-oriented Soil Conservation Research
£122.62
John Wiley and Sons Ltd Carbonate MudMounds Their Origin and Evolution
Book SynopsisMud-mounds are build-ups of biogenic carbonate sediment and are economically important as hosts of lead-zinc mineralization as well as oil and gas deposits. This book investigates the structure, origin and evolution of carbonate mud-mounds. It reviews the different mechanisms, principally microbial and detrital, of mud-mound formation.Table of ContentsIntroduction and Overviews. A review of the origin and evolution of carbonate mud-mounds. The rise and nature of carbonate mud-mounds: an introductory actualistic approach. The origin, biota and evolution of deep-water mud-mounds. Palaeozoic Mud-Mounds. Shallow water stromatactis mud-mounds on a middle Ordovician foreland basin platform, western Newfoundland. Silurian microbial build-ups of the Canadian Arctic. The environmental setting of Early Carboniferous mud-mounds. Waulsortian banks. Carbonate mud-mounds in the Fort Payne Formation (lower Carboniferous), Cumberland Saddle region, Kentucky and Tennessee, USA. Late Dinantian (Brigantian) carbonate mud-mounds of the Derbyshire carbonate platform. Mesozoic Mud-Mounds. Mud-mounds with reefal caps in the upper Muschelkalk (Triassic), eastern Spain. Initiation and development of small-scale sponge mud-mounds, Late Jurassic, Southern Franconian Alb, Germany. Albian carbonate mounds: comparative study in the context of sea-level variations (Soba, northern Spain). Nature and origin of late Cretaceous mud-mounds, North Africa. Sedimentation, diagenesis and syntectonic erosion of Upper Cretaceous rudist mounds in central Tunisia. Cenozoic Mud-Mounds. An Eocene biodetrital mud-mound from the southern Pyrenean foreland basin, Spain: an ancient analogue for Florida Bay mounds?. Origin and growth of carbonate banks in south Florida. Anatomy of a Recent biodetrital mud-mound, Florida Bay, USA. Growth and burrow-transformation of carbonate banks: comparison of modern skeletal banks of south Florida and Pennsylvanian phylloid banks of south-eastern Kansas, USA. Index
£130.45
University of Iowa Press Landforms of Iowa A Bur oak original
Book Synopsis
£20.92
Green Writers Press The Secret Lives of Glaciers
Book SynopsisTrade Review"What does it mean to regard a glacier as a neighbor to learn from and defend? A glacier as both a window and a mirror? This outrageous book, rich with revelation and stewardship, is, at its deepest level, an icy blue love story to make us reconsider what it means to be fully alive -- and open to wonder -- in our ever-changing world. Bravo, M. Jackson." Kim Heacox , author of John Muir and the Ice that Started a Fire"When it comes to glaciers, Dr. M Jackson is a linguistic sorcerer, making you fall in love by proxy with the geological memory-keepers. . . . Jackson's text moves with historical and scientific precision . . . Glaciers speak to our future just as much as we speak to theirs, and M Jackson's epic examination of their place in humanity's story is compelling." Excerpt from starred review from Foreword Reviews"M Jackson brings a powerful combination of skills to bear in her ambitious task of complicating our understanding of the rapidly dwindling masses of ice with which we share this planet. Blending hands-on science, vivid descriptive writing, affecting personal anecdote, and insightful cultural observation, The Secret Lives of Glaciers is a hypnotic and inspiring bookessential reading for anyone who loves nature and is concerned about the human species' continued existence within it." Tim Weed , author, A Field Guide to Murder & Fly Fishing"M Jackson is a master storyteller, weaving evocative anecdotes and historical and scientific narratives into an intricate dance of the relationship between man and ice. Jackson writes eloquently, her stories of the real, concrete effects of climate change on the people of Iceland both informative and heart-wrenching." Dr. Michele Koppes , Glaciologist & Geographer" The Secret Lives of Glaciers engulfs you from the very first page, and in that way does due justice to the colossal yet fragile icy protagonist it intends to uncover for its readers." - Asher Jay , Conservationist & National Geographic Explorer
£19.76
Taylor & Francis Ltd Fundamentals of Geomorphology
Book SynopsisThis revised and updated edition continues to provide a comprehensive introduction to the subject, exploring the worldâs landforms from a broad systems perspective. It covers the basics of Earth surface forms and processes, while reflecting on the latest developments in the field. Fundamentals of Geomorphology begins with a consideration of the nature of geomorphology, including its relation to society, process and form, history, and geomorphic systems, and moves on to discuss:â Structure: structural landforms associated with plate tectonics and those associated with volcanoes, and folds, faults, and joints.â Process and form: landforms resulting from, or influenced by, the exogenic agencies of weathering, running water, flowing ice and meltwater, ground ice and frost, the wind, and the sea; landforms developed on limestone; extraterrestrial landforms; and landscape evolution, a discussion of ancient landforms. Fundamentals of Geomorphology provides a stimulating and innovative perspective on the key topics and debates within the field of geomorphology. Written in an accessible and lively manner, it includes guides to further reading, chapter summaries, and an extensive glossary of key terms. The book is also illustrated throughout with over 200 informative diagrams and attractive photographs, all in colour. It is supported by online resources for students and instructors.Trade ReviewFundamentals of Geomorphology is notable for its breadth, its international perspective, its clarity of expression and the excellence of its illustrative material. This new edition also reflects important new developments in the discipline with its treatment of the Anthropocene and of Planetary Landscapes. It also reflects the growing importance of digital resources as aids to teaching and comprehension. Andrew Goudie, University of Oxford, UK.Richard Huggett is a master of synthesis in the geosciences, and it shows (again) in this edition of the book with Emma Shuttleworth. No other text covers geomorphology as thoroughly but concisely or does as well by mainstream and traditional conepts as well as cutting-edge ideas. Jonathan Phillips, Professor (emeritus) of Earth Surface Systems, University of Kentucky, USA.Table of ContentsPart I Introducing Landforms and Landscapes 1 What Is Geomorphology? 2 Introducing Process and Form 3 Introducing History 4 Geomorphology and The Earth System 5 Life and Humans As Geomorphic Agents Part II Endogenic Processes 6 Plate Tectonics And Associated Structural Landforms 7 Volcanoes, Folds, And Faults Part III Exogenic Processes 8 Weathering And Associated Landforms 9 Weathering Products: Regolith And Soils 10 Hillslopes 11 Fluvial Landscapes 12 Glacial And Glaciofluvial Landscapes 13 Periglacial Landscapes 14 Aeolian Landscapes 15 Coastal Landscapes 16 Karst Landscapes 17 Planetary Landscapes Part IV Deep-Time Perspectives 18 Long-Term Geomorphology Appendix One: The Geological Timescale
£37.99
Taylor & Francis Ltd Practical Engineering Geology
Book SynopsisPractical Engineering Geology provides an introduction to the way projects are managed, designed and constructed, and how the engineering geologist can contribute to cost- effective and safe project achievement. The need for a holistic view of geological materials, from soil to rock, and of geological history is emphasised. Chapters address key aspects of Geology for engineering and ground modelling Site investigation and testing of geological materials Geotechnical parameters Design of slopes, tunnels, foundations, and other engineering structures Identifying hazards Avoiding unexpected ground conditions This second edition includes a new chapter on environmental issues covering hydrogeology, considerations of climate change, earthquakes, and more. All chapters have been updated, with extensively revised figures throughout and several new case studies of unexpected ground conditions. The book will support pract
£73.14
Cambridge University Press The Geomorphology of the Great Barrier Reef
Book SynopsisA valuable reference for academic researchers and graduate students in geomorphology and oceanography, this 2007 book reviews the history of geomorphological studies of the Great Barrier Reef and assesses the influences of sea-level change and oceanographic processes on the development of reefs over the last 10,000 years.Trade Review'… well written and well illustrated … a very useful contribution to the reef literature and one that should be of interest to a wide range of reef scientists and managers.' Coral Reefs'This will be a valuable source book on the GBR. The authors' thoroughness, grasps of detail and surefootedness in covering a diverse range of topics is impressive … Even though the book is strongly GBR-focussed, it still retains a general sense of critical review that was so useful in the 1982 volume, with a text often organised around key research questions.' Reef Encounter'Without doubt, this is a book of scientific quality built on several decades of first hand research experience by the authors. It is well produced and represents good value for money …deserves a place not only on the shelves of major libraries but also on those of all serious researchers, teachers and practitioners concerned with coral reef systems and wider coastal and marine environmental management.' Geoscientist'This is a valuable synthesis of data currently available on the GBR, and therefore this book is a very useful contribution to reef literature and will be of use to reef and sea-level scientists and managers.' Quaternary Science Reviews'I … recommend the book without any reservations and encourage all those interested in coral reefs the world over to buy this book.' Journal of Coastal Research'… this text is an essential … investment for anyone involved in researching or managing the GBR and could be used effectively by physical geography teachers anywhere in the world to illustrate the strengths of a modern geomorphic approach to science and environmental management.' New Zealand Geographer'Neither the authors nor the publisher could have produced a better monograph that incorporates consistently good diagrams, maps and photographs, a unique data base in tables and graphs covering every island, drill hole and reef type and a text that systematically brings together the research outputs of geoscientists working on the GBR in the last two to three decades in a coherent and synthetic manner.' Geographical Research' … we have really only scratched the surface of the limestone upon which the future of the ecological system lies. However, there could be no finer foundation than provided by this book to stimulate the scientific research, and the development of management practices necessary to make sure that there is still a magnificent reef to be seen by future generations of reef scientists, and millions more tourists.' AreaTable of ContentsPreface; Acknowledgements; 1. Geomorphology of the Great Barrier Reef; 2. Foundations of the Great Barrier Reef; 3. Sea-level: a primary control of long-term reef growth and geomorphological development; 4. Oceanography, hydrodynamics, climate and water quality as influences on reef geomorphological processes; 5. Spatial analysis of the reefs and islands of the Great Barrier Reef; 6. The non-reefal areas of the Continental Shelf; 7. Fringing and nearshore coral reefs; 8. The mid-shelf reefs of the Great Barrier Reef; 9. The coral reefs of the outer shelf of the Great Barrier Reef; 10. Reef islands of the Great Barrier Reef; 11. The accumulation of the Holocene veneer to the Great Barrier Reef; 12. The Holocene evolution of the Great Barrier Reef province; 13. Geomorphology's contribution to the understanding and resolution of environmental problems of the Great Barrier Reef; References; Index.
£52.49
Cambridge University Press River Discharge to the Coastal Ocean
Book SynopsisThis book presents a detailed analysis of processes affecting fluvial discharge of water, sediment and dissolved solids to the ocean, covering 1534 rivers, with full quantitative data also available online. A key resource for researchers, professionals and graduate students in hydrology, oceanography, geomorphology and environmental policy. Now available in paperback with corrections.Trade Review'For university libraries and many research institutions dealing with global and regional change, this reference work is indispensable … The authors who must have put an incredible amount of time and dedication into this work deserve great respect and thanks.' Jörg Matschullat, Environmental Earth Sciences'This book is engaging. The writing style is clear, direct and informal, and the authors … take the 'global' in the title seriously - the examples are nicely balanced around the world … Anyone interested in continental- to global-scale particle and dissolved fluxes from the continents to the world ocean will benefit from having this material close at hand.' Chris Paola, OceanographyTable of ContentsForeword; 1. Introduction; 2. Runoff, erosion and delivery to the coastal ocean; 3. Temporal variations; 4. Human impacts; Appendices. Global River Database: Appendix A: North and Central America; Appendix B: South America; Appendix C: Europe; Appendix D: Africa; Appendix E: Eurasia; Appendix F: Asia; Appendix G: Oceania; References; Index.
£54.43
Cambridge University Press A Complete Guide to the English Lakes Comprising Minute Directions for the Tourist
Book SynopsisFirst published in 1853, this is a comprehensive guide to the British Lake District. Featuring contributions from William Wordsworth and the geologist Adam Sedgwick, it is a key text for those interested in the history of tourism in the Lake District and its development in the Victorian period.Table of ContentsGlossary; Introduction; Directions and information for the tourist; Description of the scenery of the Lakes; Geology of the Lake District in letters addressed to W. Wordsworth, Esq.; Appendix.
£29.99
Cambridge University Press Geology of Arran and Clydesdale
Book SynopsisWritten by geologist and teacher James Bryce, this survey of the geological and natural history of Arran and Clydesdale was produced for the 1855 meeting of the British Association for the Advancement of Science; the book was first published that year. The third edition, reissued here, was published in 1865.Table of ContentsPreface; Part I. Geology of Arran: 1. Physical features; 2. Outline of geology; 3. The outlying granites; 4. The Trappean rocks; 5. Glacial action; Part II. Excursions in Arran: 1. To the summit of Cior-Mhor; 2. To the Corriegills Shore; 3. To the summit of Goatfell; 4. The Wayside Museum; 5. By the Corrie Shore; 6. To the North Shore; 7. By the Western Shore; 8. By the interior of the nucleus; 9. Loch Ranza to Corrie; 10. To Holy Isle; 11. To Windmill Hill and Ploverfield; 12. To Ceim-na-Cailliach and the castles; 13. Glen Sannox and Glen Rosa; 14. By the Eastern Shore; 15. Lag to the Shell Beds; 16. To King's Cove and the Stone Circles; Part III. Fossils of the Arran Rocks; Part IV. The Flora of Arran; Part V. Marine Zoology of Arran; Part VI. Entomology of Arran; Part VII. Geology of Clydesdale: 1. Introduction; 2. Pleistocene or glacial period; 3. Carboniferous rocks; 4. The Old Red Sandstone; 5. The Old Slates; 6. Geology of the Clyde Islands.
£35.99
Cambridge University Press The Global Cryosphere
Book SynopsisRecent studies indicate that - due to climate change - the Earth is undergoing rapid changes in all cryospheric components, including polar sea ice shrinkage, mountain glacier recession, thawing permafrost, and diminishing snow cover. This book provides a comprehensive summary of all components of the Earth''s cryosphere, reviewing their history, physical and chemical characteristics, geographical distributions, and projected future states. This new edition has been completely updated throughout, and provides state-of-the-art data from GlobSnow-2 CRYOSAT, ICESAT, and GRACE. It includes a comprehensive summary of cryospheric changes in land ice, permafrost, freshwater ice, sea ice, and ice sheets. It discusses the models developed to understand cryosphere processes and predict future changes, including those based on remote sensing, field campaigns, and long-term ground observations. Boasting an extensive bibliography, over 120 figures, and end-of-chapter review questions, it is an ideaTable of ContentsPreface; Acknowledgements; 1. Introduction; Part I. The Terrestrial Cryosphere: 2A. Snowfall and Snow Cover; 2B. Avalanches; 3. Glaciers and Ice Caps; 4. Ice Sheets; 5. Frozen Ground and Permafrost; 6. Freshwater Ice: Lakes, Rivers and Icings; Part II. The Marine Cryosphere: 7. Sea Ice; 8. Ice Shelves and Icebergs; Part III. The Cryosphere Past and Future: 9. The Cryosphere in the Past; 10. The Future Cryosphere – Impacts of Global Warming; Part IV. Applications: 11. Applications of Snow and Ice Research; Glossary; References; Index.
£47.49
John Wiley & Sons Inc Beaches and Coasts
Book SynopsisTable of Contents1 Coastline Variability and Functions in the Global Environment 1 1.1 Coastal Settings 1 1.2 Population and the Coast 3 1.2.1 History of Coastal Occupation 3 1.3 General Coastal Conditions 3 1.4 Coastal Environments 4 1.5 Historical Trends in Coastal Research 8 Suggested Reading 13 2 The Earth’s Mobile Crust 15 2.1 Introduction 15 2.2 Earth’s Interior 18 2.3 Plate Boundaries 21 2.3.1 Divergent Boundaries 21 2.3.2 Convergent Boundaries 24 2.3.3 Transform Boundaries 28 2.3.4 Plate Movement 29 2.4 Continental Margins 31 2.4.1 Tectonic Evolution of Continental Margins 34 2.5 Tectonic Coastline Classification 36 2.5.1 Collision Coasts 37 2.5.2 Trailing Edge Coasts 42 2.5.3 Marginal Sea Coasts 46 2.6 Tectonic Effects on Coastal Sediment Supply 47 2.6.1 Continental Drainage 48 2.6.2 Location of Rivers 49 2.6.3 Continental Shelf Width 51 2.7 Summary 52 Reference 53 Suggested Reading 53 3 Sediments and Rocks: Materials of Coastal Environments 55 3.1 Rock Types 55 3.2 Sediment Texture 56 3.2.1 Grain Size 56 3.2.2 Grain Shape 59 3.3 Mineralogy 60 3.4 General Origin and Distribution of Sediments 60 3.4.1 Composition 61 3.4.2 Texture 64 3.5 Summary 65 Reference 66 Suggested Reading 67 4 Sea‐Level Change and Coastal Environments 69 4.1 Changing the Size and Shape of the Container 71 4.1.1 Tectonic Causes 71 4.2 Climate and Sea‐Level Change 74 4.2.1 Seasonal Changes 74 4.2.2 Non‐seasonal Cyclic Changes 75 4.2.3 Long‐term Climatic Effects 76 4.3 Sea‐level Rise due to Sediment Compaction and Fluid Withdrawal 77 4.4 Isostasy 81 4.5 Changes in the Volume of the World Ocean 81 4.5.1 Advance and Retreat of Ice Sheets 81 4.6 Post‐Glacial Rise in Sea Level 85 4.7 Current and Future Sea‐Level Changes 86 4.7.1 Impact of Increasing Rise in Sea Level on Modern Coastal Environments 90 4.8 Summary 93 References 94 Suggested Reading 94 5 Weather Systems, Extratropical Storms, and Hurricanes 95 5.1 Introduction 95 5.2 Basic Atmospheric Circulation and Weather Patterns 97 5.2.1 Wind 97 5.2.2 Atmospheric Circulation 97 5.2.3 Prevailing Winds 101 5.2.4 Cyclonic and Anticyclonic Systems 101 5.2.5 Land‐breezes and Sea‐breezes 102 5.3 Mid‐latitude Storms 102 5.3.1 Frontal Weather 103 5.3.2 Cyclogenesis 105 5.3.3 Extratropical Storms 106 5.4 Hurricanes and Tropical Storms 109 5.4.1 Low Latitude Storms 109 5.4.2 Origin and Movement of Hurricanes 110 5.4.3 Anatomy of a Hurricane 113 5.4.4 Hurricanes at the Coast 115 5.5 Summary 125 Suggested Reading 132 6 Waves and the Coast 133 6.1 Water Motion and Wave Propagation 136 6.2 Wind Wave Types 140 6.3 Distribution and Transfer of Wave Energy 142 6.4 Other Types of Waves 146 6.5 Wave‐Generated Currents 148 6.6 Summary 150 Suggested Reading 152 7 Tides of the Ocean 153 7.1 Introduction 153 7.2 Tide‐Generating Forces 153 7.2.1 Gravitational Force 153 7.2.2 Centrifugal Force 154 7.2.3 Tide‐Producing Force 156 7.3 Equilibrium Tide 157 7.3.1 Tidal Cycle 157 7.3.2 Orbiting Moon 158 7.3.3 Inclination of Moon’s Orbit 159 7.4 Interaction of Sun and Moon 159 7.5 Effects of Orbital Geometry 161 7.6 Effects of Partitioning Oceans 162 7.7 Tidal Signatures 163 7.8 Tides in Shallow Water 167 7.9 Summary 175 References 176 Suggested Reading 176 8 River Deltas: The Source of Most of our Coastal Sediments 177 8.1 How Deltas Develop 178 8.2 Deltas and Sea Level 182 8.3 Delta Environments 184 8.4 Delta Plain 184 8.4.1 Delta Front 186 8.5 Delta Processes 189 8.6 River Processes 189 8.7 Delta Classification 190 8.7.1 River‐Dominated Deltas 192 8.7.2 Tide‐Dominated Deltas 193 8.7.3 Wave‐Dominated Deltas 193 8.8 Intermediate Deltas 195 8.9 Human Influence 195 8.10 Summary 200 References 200 Suggested Reading 201 9 Estuaries 203 9.1 Estuarine Hydrology 206 9.1.1 Classification of Estuaries 207 9.1.2 Estuarine Processes 208 9.1.3 Time–Velocity Relationships 209 9.1.4 Model Estuary 214 9.1.5 Estuary Types 219 9.2 Human Impact on Estuaries 222 9.3 Summary 227 References 227 Suggested Reading 228 10 Coastal Lagoons 229 10.1 Definition 229 10.2 Morphology and Setting 229 10.3 General Characteristics 231 10.4 Lagoonal Processes 233 10.5 Lagoonal Sediments 235 10.6 Example Lagoons 239 10.7 Summary 244 Suggested Reading 245 11 Tidal Flats 247 11.1 Morphology of Tidal Flats 247 11.2 Sediments 249 11.3 Organisms 249 11.3.1 Vagrant Organisms 250 11.3.2 Sessile Organisms 250 11.3.3 Limiting Factors 250 11.3.4 Bioturbation 254 11.4 Sedimentary Structures 254 11.5 Tidal Flat Processes 260 11.5.1 Tides 260 11.5.2 Waves 263 11.6 Tidal Channels 265 11.7 Some Examples 267 11.7.1 German Wadden Sea and Jade Bay 267 11.7.2 The Wash 272 11.7.3 Bay of St.‐Malo 273 11.7.4 Bay of Fundy 273 11.8 Human Impact on Tidal Flats 274 11.9 Summary 276 References 278 Suggested Reading 278 12 Coastal Wetlands 281 12.1 Characteristics of a Coastal Marsh 281 12.1.1 Marsh Plants 281 12.1.2 Global Distribution 284 12.2 Marsh Characteristics 285 12.2.1 Marsh Classification 287 12.3 Marsh Sedimentation 289 12.3.1 Sediments 290 12.3.2 Sea Level and Marsh Development 292 12.4 Human Impact on the Marsh Environment 293 12.5 Marsh Summary 293 12.6 Mangrove Coasts 297 12.7 Mangrove Distribution 297 12.7.1 Global Distribution 297 12.7.2 Local 297 12.7.3 Zonation 298 12.8 Mangroves and Coastal Processes 300 12.9 Human Impact on Mangroves 303 12.10 Summary 303 References 305 Suggested Reading 305 13 Beach and Nearshore Environment 307 13.1 Nearshore Environment 307 13.2 Foreshore 312 13.3 Backbeach 322 13.4 Human Impact on Beaches 328 13.5 Summary 331 Suggested Reading 337 14 Coastal Dunes 339 14.1 Types of Coastal Dunes and Their Distribution 339 14.2 Dune Formation 345 14.3 Dune Dynamics 349 14.3.1 Dune Structures 351 14.4 Human Influence on Dunes 352 14.5 Summary 353 Suggested Reading 357 15 Barrier Systems 359 15.1 Introduction 359 15.2 Physical Description 359 15.3 Distribution and Coastal Setting 362 15.4 Summary 366 15.5 Barrier Types 366 15.5.1 Barrier Spits 367 15.5.2 Welded Barriers 374 15.5.3 Barrier Islands 376 15.6 Prograding, Retrograding, and Aggrading Barriers 380 15.6.1 Prograding Barriers 381 15.6.2 Retrograding Barriers 384 15.6.3 Aggrading Barriers 388 15.7 Barrier Stratigraphy 390 15.8 Barrier Coast Morphology 393 15.8.1 Hayes Models 394 15.8.2 Georgia Bight 396 15.9 Barrier Coasts: Morphology and Evolution 399 15.9.1 Eastern Shore of Nova Scotia 399 15.9.2 Mississippi River Delta Barriers 400 15.10 Summary 403 References 403 Suggested Reading 404 16 Tidal Inlets 405 16.1 Introduction 405 16.2 What is a Tidal Inlet 405 16.3 Inlet Morphology 409 16.3.1 Tidal Deltas 409 16.3.2 Ebb‐Tidal Delta Morphology 413 16.4 Tidal Inlet Formation 415 16.4.1 Breaching of a Barrier 415 16.4.2 Spit Building across a Bay 415 16.4.3 Drowned River Valleys 417 16.4.4 Ephemeral Inlets 419 16.5 Tidal Inlet Migration 419 16.6 Tidal Inlet Relationships 423 16.6.1 Inlet Throat Area–Tidal Prism Relationship 423 16.6.2 Ebb‐Tidal Delta Volume–Tidal Prism Relationship 425 16.7 Sand Transport Patterns 426 16.7.1 General Sand‐Dispersal Trends 427 16.7.2 Inlet Sediment Bypassing 427 16.8 Tidal Inlet Effects on Adjacent Shorelines 438 16.8.1 Number and Size of Tidal Inlets 439 16.8.2 Tidal Inlets as Sediment Traps 440 16.8.3 Changes in Ebb‐Tidal Delta Volume 441 16.8.4 Wave Sheltering 442 16.8.5 Effects of Inlet Sediment Bypassing 445 16.8.6 Human Influences 446 16.9 Summary 448 References 451 Suggested Reading 452 17 Glaciated Coasts 453 17.1 Introduction 453 17.2 The World’s Glaciers 454 17.2.1 Glacier Formation 456 17.2.2 Glacier Movement 457 17.2.3 Distribution and Types of Glaciers 458 17.3 Pleistocene Glaciation 462 17.3.1 Introduction 462 17.3.2 Defining the Pleistocene 463 17.3.3 Causes of the Ice Ages 464 17.3.4 The Late Pleistocene 466 17.4 Glacial Effects on Coastlines 467 17.4.1 General Erosional Processes 467 17.4.2 Fjords 468 17.4.3 Rocky Coasts 469 17.4.4 General Depositional Processes 471 17.4.5 Depositional Landforms 473 17.5 Examples of Glaciated Coastlines 477 17.5.1 Cape Cod 477 17.5.2 Drumlin Coasts 480 17.5.3 Sand and Gravel Beaches 482 17.5.4 Uplifted Coasts 482 17.5.5 Drowned River Valleys 485 17.6 Summary 485 References 487 Suggested Readings 488 18 Rocky Coasts 489 18.1 Introduction 489 18.2 Types and Distribution 490 18.2.1 Tectonic Settings 490 18.2.2 Glaciated Regions 490 18.2.3 Other Bedrock Coasts 491 18.3 Erosional Processes 493 18.3.1 Physical Processes 493 18.3.2 Biological Processes 497 18.3.3 Chemical Processes 498 18.4 Factors Affecting Rates of Erosion 498 18.5 Morphology 500 18.5.1 Sea Cliffs 501 18.5.2 Horizontal Erosional Landforms 504 18.5.3 Sea Stacks, Arches, and Erosional Features 506 18.6 Summary 511 Suggested Reading 512 Index 513
£67.46
John Wiley & Sons Inc Igneous Rocks and Processes
Book SynopsisIGNEOUS ROCKS AND PROCESSES A practical introduction to igneous petrology for students and practitioners The newly revised Second Edition of Igneous Rocks and Processes: A Practical Guide, delivers an authoritative introduction to igneous petrology and helps students to develop key skills and confidence in identifying igneous materials and in naming and interpreting unknown igneous rocks presented to them. It serves as both a conventional course text and a practical laboratory manual. The authors review igneous nomenclature and subsequently describe specific compositional categories of magmatic rocks. Each chapter covers definitions, mineralogy, eruption and emplacement processes, textures and crystallization processes, geotectonic distribution, geochemistry, and aspects of magma genesis. Additional chapters address phase equilibrium experiments and physical volcanology. This latest edition offers readers extensively updated chapters, as well as accesTable of ContentsPreface to the second Edition Preface to the first Edition Acknowledgements About the companion website Chapter 1 An introduction to magmas and magmatic rocks Chapter 2 Basalts and related rocks Chapter 3 Magma differentiation Chapter 4 Gabbroic rocks Chapter 5 Ultramafic rocks Chapter 6 Andesite, dacite and rhyolite Chapter 7 How magmas erupt an introduction to pyroclastic processes and products Chapter 8 Granitic rocks Chapter 9 Alkali rocks Appendix A Mineral identification using a polarizing microscope Appendix B - Petrographic calculations Appendix C - Symbols, units and constants used in this book Glossary Answers to exercises Bibliography Index Colour plate section between pp. X and X
£55.76
Wiley Coherent Flow Structures at Earths Surface
Book SynopsisAn expert review of recent progress in the study of turbulent flows with a focus on recently identified organized structures. This book reviews the recent progress in the study of the turbulent flows that sculpt the Earth's surface, focusingin particular on the organized structures that have been identified in recent years within turbulent flows. Thesecoherent flow structures can include eddies or vortices at the scale of individual grains, through structures thatscale with the flow depth in rivers or estuaries, to the large-scale structure of flows at the morphological orlandform scale. These flow structures are of wide interest to the scientific community because they play animportant role in fluid dynamics and influence the transport, erosion and deposition of sediment and pollutantsin a wide variety of fluid flow environments. Scientific knowledge of these structures has improved greatly over the past 20 years as computational fluid dynamicshas come toTable of ContentsList of Contributors, vii Preface, xi About the Companion Website, xiii 1 What is a Coherent Flow Structure in Geophysical Flow? 1Jeremy G. Venditti, Richard J. Hardy, Michael Church, & James L. Best 2 Structure of Turbulent Boundary Layers 17Ronald J. Adrian 3 Structural Attributes of Turbulent Flow over a Complex Topography 25Ricardo Mejia-Alvarez, Julio M. Barros, & Kenneth T. Christensen 4 Coherent Flow Structures in the Pore Spaces of Permeable Beds underlying a Unidirectional Turbulent Boundary Layer: A Review and some New Experimental Results 43Gianluca Blois, James L. Best, Kenneth T. Christensen, Richard J. Hardy, & Gregory H. Sambrook Smith 5 Instabilities in Stratified Shear Flow 63Gregory A. Lawrence, Edmund W. Tedford, & Jeffrey R. Carpenter 6 Scalar Turbulence within the Canopy Sublayer 73Gabriel G. Katul, Daniela Cava, Mario Siqueira, & Davide Poggi 7 On the Structure of Wall Turbulence in the Thermally Neutral Atmospheric Surface Layer 97Michele Guala, Jeff LeHew, Meredith Metzger, & Beverley J. McKeon 8 Critical Reflections on the Coherent Flow Structures Paradigm in Aeolian Geomorphology 111Bernard O. Bauer, Ian J. Walker, Andreas C.W. Baas, Derek W.T. Jackson, Cheryl McKenna Neuman, Giles F.S. Wiggs, & Patrick A. Hesp 9 Coherent Flow Structures in Vegetated Channels 135Heidi Nepf, Jeffrey Rominger, & Lijun Zong 10 Coherent Eddy Structures over Plant Canopies 149Roger H. Shaw, Edward G. Patton, & John J. Finnigan 11 SPIV Analysis of Coherent Structures in a Vegetation Canopy Model Flow 161Laurent Perret & Tony Ruiz
£102.56
John Wiley & Sons Inc Geomorphology and Natural Hazards
Book SynopsisNatural disasters are occasional intense events that disturb Earth's surface, but their impact can be felt long after. Hazard events such as earthquakes, volcanos, drought, and storms can trigger a catastrophic reshaping of the landscape through the erosion, transport, and deposition of different kinds of materials. Geomorphology and Natural Hazards: Understanding Landscape Change for Disaster Mitigation is a graduate level textbook that explores the natural hazards resulting from landscape change and shows how an Earth science perspective can inform hazard mitigation and disaster impact reduction. Volume highlights include: Definitions of hazards, risks, and disastersImpact of different natural hazards on Earth surface processesGeomorphologic insights for hazard assessment and risk mitigationModels for predicting natural hazardsHow human activities have altered 'natural' hazardsComplementarity of geomorphology and engineering to manage threatsTable of ContentsPreface xi Acknowledgements xv 1 Natural Disasters and Sustainable Development in Dynamic Landscapes 1 1.1 Breaking News 1 1.2 Dealing with Future Disasters: Potentials and Problems 5 1.3 The Sustainable Society 10 1.4 Benefits from Natural Disasters 12 1.5 Summary 16 References 16 2 Defining Natural Hazards, Risks, and Disasters 19 2.1 Hazard Is Tied To Assets 19 2.1.1 Frequency and Magnitude 20 2.1.2 Hazard Cascades 24 2.2 Defining and Measuring Disaster 25 2.3 Trends in Natural Disasters 26 2.4 Hazard is Part of Risk 27 2.4.1 Vulnerability 28 2.4.2 Elements at Risk 32 2.4.3 Risk Aversion 35 2.4.4 Risk is a Multidisciplinary Expectation of Loss 36 2.5 Risk Management and the Risk Cycle 37 2.6 Uncertainties and Reality Check 39 2.7 A Future of More Extreme Events? 41 2.8 Read More About Natural Hazards and Disasters 43 References 46 3 Natural Hazards and Disasters Through the Geomorphic Lens 49 3.1 Drivers of Earth Surface Processes 50 3.1.1 Gravity, Solids, and Fluids 50 3.1.2 Motion Mainly Driven by Gravity 52 3.1.3 Motion Mainly Driven by Water 54 3.1.4 Motion Mainly Driven by Ice 56 3.1.5 Motion Driven Mainly by Air 56 3.2 Natural Hazards and Geomorphic Concepts 57 3.2.1 Landscapes are Open, Nonlinear Systems 57 3.2.2 Landscapes Adjust to Maximize Sediment Transport 59 3.2.3 Tectonically Active Landscapes Approach a Dynamic Equilibrium 62 3.2.4 Landforms Develop Toward Asymptotes 65 3.2.5 Landforms Record Recent Most Effective Events 68 3.2.6 Disturbances Travel Through Landscapes 69 3.2.7 Scaling Relationships Inform Natural Hazards 71 References 73 4 Geomorphology Informs Natural Hazard Assessment 77 4.1 Geomorphology Can Reduce Impacts from Natural Disasters 77 4.2 Aims of Applied Geomorphology 80 4.3 The Geomorphic Footprints of Natural Disasters 81 4.4 Examples of Hazard Cascades 86 4.4.1 Megathrust Earthquakes, Cascadia Subduction Zone 86 4.4.2 Postseismic River Aggradation, Southwest New Zealand 90 4.4.3 Explosive Eruptions and their Geomorphic Aftermath, Southern Volcanic Zone, Chile 93 4.4.4 Hotter Droughts Promote Less Stable Landscapes, Western United States 93 References 94 5 Tools for Predicting Natural Hazards 97 5.1 The Art of Prediction 97 5.2 Types of Models for Prediction 100 5.3 Empirical Models 102 5.3.1 Linking Landforms and Processes 102 5.3.2 Regression Models 107 5.3.3 Classification Models 109 5.4 Probabilistic Models 111 5.4.1 Probability Expresses Uncertainty 111 5.4.2 Probability Is More than Frequency 115 5.4.3 Extreme-value Statistics 119 5.4.4 Stochastic Processes 121 5.4.5 Hazard Cascades, Event Trees, and Network Models 122 5.5 Prediction and Model Selection 124 5.6 Deterministic Models 126 5.6.1 Static Stability Models 126 5.6.2 Dynamic Models 127 References 137 6 Earthquake Hazards 145 6.1 Frequency and Magnitude of Earthquakes 145 6.2 Geomorphic Impacts of Earthquakes 148 6.2.1 The Seismic Hazard Cascade 148 6.2.2 Postseismic and Interseismic Impacts 152 6.3 Geomorphic Tools for Reconstructing Past Earthquakes 154 6.3.1 Offset Landforms 155 6.3.2 Fault Trenching 158 6.3.3 Coseismic Deposits 161 6.3.4 Buildings and Trees 166 References 167 7 Volcanic Hazards 173 7.1 Frequency and Magnitude of Volcanic Eruptions 173 7.2 Geomorphic Impacts of Volcanic Eruptions 177 7.2.1 The Volcanic Hazard Cascade 177 7.2.2 Geomorphic Impacts During Eruption 177 7.2.3 Impacts on the Atmosphere 180 7.2.4 Geomorphic Impacts Following an Eruption 181 7.3 Geomorphic Tools for Reconstructing Past Volcanic Impacts 188 7.3.1 Effusive Eruptions 188 7.3.2 Explosive Eruptions 191 7.4 Climate-Driven Changes in Crustal Loads 195 References 197 8 Landslides and Slope Instability 203 8.1 Frequency and Magnitude of Landslides 203 8.2 Geomorphic Impacts of Landslides 210 8.2.1 Landslides in the Hazard Cascade 210 8.2.2 Landslides on Glaciers 212 8.2.3 Submarine Landslides 213 8.3 Geomorphic Tools for Reconstructing Landslides 213 8.3.1 Landslide Inventories 213 8.3.2 Reconstructing Slope Failures 215 8.4 Other Forms of Slope Instability: Soil Erosion and Land Subsidence 218 8.5 Climate Change and Landslides 220 References 225 9 Tsunami Hazards 233 9.1 Frequency and Magnitude of Tsunamis 233 9.2 Geomorphic Impacts of Tsunamis 236 9.2.1 Tsunamis in the Hazard Cascade 236 9.2.2 The Role of Coastal Geomorphology 237 9.3 Geomorphic Tools for Reconstructing Past Tsunamis 241 9.4 Future Tsunami Hazards 252 References 253 10 Storm Hazards 257 10.1 Frequency and Magnitude of Storms 257 10.1.1 Tropical Storms 257 10.1.2 Extratropical Storms 259 10.2 Geomorphic Impacts of Storms 261 10.2.1 The Coastal Storm-Hazards Cascade 261 10.2.2 The Inland Storm-Hazard Cascade 266 10.3 Geomorphic Tools for Reconstructing Past Storms 269 10.3.1 Coastal Settings 270 10.3.2 Inland Settings 273 10.4 Naturally Oscillating Climate and Increasing Storminess 275 References 280 11 Flood Hazards 285 11.1 Frequency and Magnitude of Floods 286 11.2 Geomorphic Impacts of Floods 289 11.2.1 Floods in the Hazard Cascade 289 11.2.2 Natural Dam-break Floods 291 11.2.3 Channel Avulsion 297 11.3 Geomorphic Tools for Reconstructing Past Floods 298 11.4 Lessons from Prehistoric Megafloods 306 11.5 Measures of Catchment Denudation 308 11.6 The Future of Flood Hazards 311 References 315 12 Drought Hazards 323 12.1 Frequency and Magnitude of Droughts 323 12.1.1 Defining Drought 324 12.1.2 Measuring Drought 325 12.2 Geomorphic Impacts of Droughts 326 12.2.1 Droughts in the Hazard Cascade 326 12.2.2 Soil Erosion, Dust Storms, and Dune Building 327 12.2.3 Surface Runoff and Rivers 332 12.3 Geomorphic Tools for Reconstructing Past Drought Impacts 334 12.4 Towards More Megadroughts? 339 References 342 13 Wildfire Hazards 345 13.1 Frequency and Magnitude of Wildfires 345 13.2 Geomorphic Impacts of Wildfires 348 13.2.1 Wildfires in the Hazard Cascade 348 13.2.2 Direct Fire Impacts 348 13.2.3 Indirect and Postfire Impacts 350 13.3 Geomorphic Tools for Reconstructing Past Wildfires 354 13.4 Towards More Megafires? 359 References 361 14 Snow and Ice Hazards 365 14.1 Frequency and Magnitude of Snow and Ice Hazards 365 14.2 Geomorphic Impact of Snow and Ice Hazards 367 14.2.1 Snow and Ice in the Hazard Cascade 367 14.2.2 Snow and Ice Avalanches 367 14.2.3 Jökulhlaups 374 14.2.4 Degrading Permafrost 375 14.2.5 Other Ice Hazards 379 14.3 Geomorphic Tools for Reconstructing Past Snow and Ice Processes 380 14.4 Atmospheric Warming and Cryospheric Hazards 384 References 389 15 Sea-Level Change and Coastal Hazards 395 15.1 Frequency and Magnitude of Sea-Level Change 399 15.2 Geomorphic Impacts of Sea-Level Change 404 15.2.1 Sea Levels in the Hazard Cascade 404 15.2.2 Sedimentary Coasts 404 15.2.3 Rocky Coasts 407 15.3 Geomorphic Tools for Reconstructing Past Sea Levels 408 15.4 A Future of Rising Sea Levels 411 References 414 16 How Natural are Natural Hazards? 419 16.1 Enter the Anthropocene 419 16.2 Agriculture, Geomorphology, and Natural Hazards 424 16.3 Engineered Rivers 430 16.4 Engineered Coasts 435 16.5 Anthropogenic Sediments 438 16.6 The Urban Turn 443 16.7 Infrastructure’s Impacts on Landscapes 445 16.8 Humans and Atmospheric Warming 446 16.9 How Natural Are Natural Hazards and Disasters? 448 References 450 17 Feedbacks with the Biosphere 457 17.1 The Carbon Footprint of Natural Disasters 457 17.1.1 Erosion and Intermittent Burial 460 17.1.2 Organic Carbon in River Catchments 466 17.1.3 Climatic Disturbances 469 17.2 Protective Functions 473 17.2.1 Forest Ecosystems 473 17.2.2 Coastal Ecosystems 478 References 485 18 The Scope of Geomorphology in Dealing with Natural Risks and Disasters 495 18.1 Motivation 496 18.2 The Geomorphologist’s Role 498 18.3 The Disaster Risk Management Process 499 18.3.1 Identify Stakeholders 500 18.3.2 Know and Share Responsibilities 501 18.3.3 Understand that Risk Changes 503 18.3.4 Analyse Risk 504 18.3.5 Communicate and Deal with Risk Aversion 505 18.3.6 Evaluate Risks 507 18.3.7 Share Decision Making 509 18.4 The Future – Beyond Risk? 511 18.4.1 Limitations of the Risk Approach 511 18.4.2 Local and Regional Disaster Impact Reduction 511 18.4.3 Relocation of Assets 513 18.4.4 A Way Forward? 514 References 516 19 Geomorphology as a Tool for Predicting and Reducing Impacts from Natural Disasters 519 19.1 Natural Disasters Have Immediate and Protracted Geomorphic Consequences 519 19.2 Natural Disasters Motivate Predictive Geomorphology 520 19.3 Natural Disasters Disturb Sediment Fluxes 521 19.4 Geomorphology of Anthropocenic Disasters 521 References 523 Glossary 525 Index 531
£40.80
John Wiley & Sons Inc Weathering and Erosion Processes in the Natural
Book SynopsisWeathering and Erosion Processes in the Natural Environment An indispensable introduction to the key environmental processes of weathering and erosion Natural and human-induced weathering processes can have a great impact on soil and groundwater quality. With climate change and other environmental challenges placing increased emphasis on these resources, it has never been more important for researchers and environmental professionals to attain detailed knowledge of weathering and erosion processes. Weathering and Erosion Processes in the Natural Environment meets this need with a rigorous, systematic overview. Beginning with a description of different forces and processes that contribute to weathering, it then discusses the different kinds of landforms that can be produced by weathering and erosion processes, as well as the potential impacts of hydrogeological processes on both surface water and groundwater. The result is a volume that balances qualitative and quantitative understandinTable of ContentsList of Contributors xvii Preface xxi 1 Heavy Metals in the Sediment of River Ganga: A Review 1Anupma Kumari, Mohammed A. Sulaiman, and Mohammad M. Zafar 1.1 Introduction 1 1.2 Source of Heavy Metals 3 1.3 Effects on Human Health 5 1.4 Status of Heavy Metal in the Sediment of River Ganga 7 1.5 Comparative Assessment of Heavy Metal Pollution in Sediment 13 1.6 Mitigation Strategies 16 1.7 Conclusion 16 2 Synergistic Process of Weathering and Erosion: Techniques of Measurement and Their Significance 27Ashutosh Kumar and Pooja Rani 2.1 Introduction 27 2.2 Method of Measuring Rock Surface Change 28 2.3 Contact Methods 29 2.4 Noncontact Methods 29 2.5 Techniques of Measuring Subsurface Changes in Rock 33 2.6 Techniques Based on Microscope for Measuring Rate of Weathering 37 2.7 Techniques Based on Infrared Microscopic Techniques 38 2.8 Techniques Based on Electron Microscopic Techniques 38 2.9 Techniques Based on Force Microscopy 40 2.10 Technique Based on 3D X-Ray Microscopy Computed Tomography (CT) 40 2.11 Conclusion 40 3 Comparison of Major Hydrogeochemical Processes in Coastal Sedimentary and Hard Rock Aquifers of South India 51Amjad Al-Rashidi, Bedour Alsabti, Thilagavathi Rajendiran, Singaraja Chelladurai, and Chidambaram Sabarathinam 3.1 Introduction 51 3.2 Study Area 53 3.3 Material and Methods 56 3.4 Results and Discussion 56 3.5 Conclusion 77 4 Textural and Mineralogical Signatures of Fluvial Sediments in Mountain Streams of Contrasting Climates in the Southern Western Ghats (India) 83Jobin Thomas, Sabu Joseph, and Thrivikramji Kythavilakom Pillai 4.1 Introduction 83 4.2 Study Area 85 4.3 Methodological Framework 88 4.4 Results and Discussion 88 4.5 Summary and Conclusion 98 5 Crucial Interplay of Microbial Communities in Controlling the Geogenic Processes 107Aseem Kerketta, Joystu Dutta, Shristy S. Swarnkar, Amrita K. Panda, and Ashish Kumar 5.1 Introduction 107 5.2 Mechanical/Physical Weathering 108 5.3 Chemical Weathering 109 5.4 Biological Weathering 110 5.5 Weathering by Plants 110 5.6 Weathering by Animals 111 5.7 Microbial Weathering 111 5.8 Mechanisms of Microbial Weathering 112 5.9 Conclusion 117 6 Evolution of Soil Erosion and Sedimentation Vulnerability of Western Himalayan Lake Sukhna, India 125Prabhat Semwal, Suhas Damodar Khobragade, and Neeraj Pant 6.1 Introduction 125 6.2 Study Area 126 6.3 Data Used and Methodology 127 6.4 Results and Discussion 131 6.5 Summary and Conclusions 141 7 Geochemical Characterization and Baseline Determination of Trace Elements in Stream Waters from a Part of the Carajás Mineral Province, Brazil 145Gessica da Silva, Leandro S. Quaresma, Prafulla K. Sahoo, Gabriel N. Salomão, and Roberto Dall’Agnol 7.1 Introduction 145 7.2 Materials and Methods 147 7.3 Results 155 7.4 Discussion 176 7.5 Conclusions 185 8 Identifying the Footprints of Meteorological, Tectonic, and Anthropogenic Parameters on Sediment Transport in the Indus River System: A Review 193Prem Kumar, Jaya Rai, and Chandra S. Dubey 8.1 Introduction 193 8.2 Study Area 194 8.3 Geological and Tectonic Settings 195 8.4 Hydrologic Regime of the IRB 198 8.5 Climate Settings of the IRB 198 8.6 Precipitation in the IRB 200 8.7 Evaluation of Projections of Hydrometeorological Trends of the IRB 201 8.8 Conclusion 205 9 An Implication of Enhanced Rock Weathering on the Groundwater Quality: A Case Study from Wardha Valley Coalfields, Central India 215Priyadarshan S. Ganvir and Rajeeva Guhey 9.1 Introduction 215 9.2 Study Area 216 9.3 Geology 217 9.4 Methodology 217 9.5 Characterization of the Groundwater 218 9.6 Spatial Source Approximation 226 9.7 Temporal Approximation 229 9.8 Conclusion 234 10 Soil Loss Rates in Trans-Himalayan Region: Case Study of Shyok Suture Zone, Ladakh, India 243Rohit Kumar, Rahul Devrani, Shailendra Pundir, Ihsan U. Lone, Vikas Adlakha, Kiran Sathunuri, Benidhar Deshmukh, and Anil Kumar 10.1 Introduction 243 10.2 Study Area 245 10.3 Data and Methodology 247 10.4 Result and Discussion 251 10.5 Conclusion 255 11 Microbial Weathering of Rocks in Natural Habitat: Genetic Basis and Omics-Based Exploration 265Mansi Podia, Prerna Yadav, Sunila Hooda, Prerna Diwan, and Rakesh K. Gupta 11.1 Introduction 265 11.2 Microbial Diversity of Extreme Habitats 267 11.3 Factors Affecting Bio-Weathering 275 11.4 Genes and Microbial Pathways 278 11.5 Microbial Interactions in Bio-Weathering 282 11.6 Importance of Bio-Weathering 284 11.7 Omics to Explore Microbial Weathering of Rocks 288 11.8 Conclusion and Future Directions 289 12 Occurrence of Arsenic (As) in the Aquatic Environment Due to Weathering and Erosion 303Shailesh K. Yadav, Alagappan Ramanathan, and Rakesh K. Ranjan 12.1 Introduction 303 12.2 History and Extent of Arsenic Poisoning in an Aquatic System 304 12.3 Chemistry of Arsenic (Inorganic and Organic) 308 12.4 Source, Occurrence, and Distribution of Arsenic 312 12.5 Geochemistry and Arsenic Mobilization 314 12.6 Variation in As with the Groundwater Depth 319 12.7 Role of Geomorphology and Geo-stratigraphy in As Mobilization 319 12.8 Role of Clay Minerals on As Mobilization 320 12.9 Conclusion 320 13 Atmospheric CO2 Consumption Associated With Chemical Weathering in the Riverine Ecosystem 331Sushil Kumar 13.1 Introduction 331 13.2 Weathering and Ecosystem 332 13.3 Drivers of Chemical Weathering in the Riverine Ecosystem 334 13.4 Human-Induced Drivers of Weathering Agents in the Riverine Environment 335 13.5 Atmospheric CO2, Carbonate, and Silicate Weathering 336 13.6 Chemical Weathering and Its Factor Affecting 337 13.7 Conclusion 338 14 Geoscientific Factors Affecting Weathering and Erosion of Surface Exposure and Rock Types 343Vamsi K. Kudapa, Uday Bhan, Nirlipta P. Nayak, Lalit Goswami, Somenath Ganguly, and Susheel Kumar 14.1 Introduction 343 14.2 Mechanical Weathering 344 14.3 Erosion 347 14.4 Case Study – A Mighty River, Kali Gandaki in Nepal 350 14.5 Erosion Rates Comparison Between Glaciated and Non-Glaciated Basins 351 14.6 Conclusion 354 15 Impacts of Climate Change on Weathering and Erosion of Rock Types Exposed on Earths Surface 359Nirlipta P. Nayak, Vamsi K. Kudapa, Uday Bhan, Lalit Goswami, Susheel Kumar, and Anamika Kushwaha 15.1 Introduction 359 15.2 Type of Weathering Mechanism 364 15.3 Impact of Climate on Weathering and Erosion 368 15.4 Impact of Weathering on Climate 369 15.5 Conclusion 369 References 370 Index 375
£121.50
John Wiley and Sons Ltd Geomorphic Analysis of River Systems
Book SynopsisFilling a niche in the geomorphology teaching market, this introductory book is built around a 12 week course in fluvial geomorphology. Reading the landscape' entails making sense of what a riverscape looks like, how it works, how it has evolved over time, and how alterations to one part of a catchment may have secondary consequences elsewhere, over different timeframes. These place-based field analyses are framed within their topographic, climatic and environmental context. Issues and principles presented in the first part of this book provide foundational understandings that underpin the approach to reading the landscape that is presented in the second half of the book. In reading the landscape, detective-style investigations and interpretations are tied to theoretical and conceptual principles to generate catchment-specific analyses of river character, behaviour and evolution, including responses to human disturbance. This book has been constructed as an intrTrade Review“Recommended readings for each chapter complement the bibliography and enhance the book's overall value. Summing Up: Highly recommended. Upper-division undergraduates, graduate students, and professionals/practitioners.” (Choice, 1 August 2013) Table of ContentsPreface xi Acknowledgements xiv 1 Geomorphic analysis of river systems: an approach to reading the landscape 1 Introduction 1 How is geomorphology useful? 2 Geomorphic analysis of river systems: our approach to reading the landscape 3 Key messages from this chapter 7 2 Key concepts in river geomorphology 9 Introduction 9 Spatial considerations in reading the landscape 9 Catchment linkages and (dis)connectivity 14 Conceptualisation of time 17 Differentiating behaviour from change 21 Disturbance events 22 Magnitude–frequency relationships in river systems 23 River sensitivity and resilience 25 Catchment-specific analysis of river systems: combining spatial and temporal concepts 26 Conclusion 27 Key messages from this chapter 27 3 Catchment-scale controls on river geomorphology 29 Introduction: what is a catchment? 29 Process zones in catchments: sediment source, transfer and accumulation zones 29 Longitudinal profiles of rivers 31 Geomorphic transitions along river longitudinal profiles 32 Catchment morphometrics as controls on river character and behaviour 34 Geologic controls on drainage network form, and river character and behaviour 37 The influence of catchment configuration upon flow and sediment flux 41 Conclusion 42 Key messages from this chapter 42 4 Catchment hydrology 44 Introduction: what is hydrology? 44 The hydrological cycle 44 Operation of the hydrological cycle 45 Runoff generation 47 Groundwater flows 49 Catchment-scale runoff and discharge generation models 50 Channel initiation 51 Gully and channel formation 51 Flow regimes of perennial, intermittent and ephemeral rivers 53 Discharge and the magnitude/frequency of flow in river systems 54 Flood stages and hydrographs 56 Analysis of hydrograph shape 58 Discharge measurement 59 Flow frequency 60 Flow variability 61 Conclusion 62 Key messages from this chapter 62 5 Impelling and resisting forces in river systems 65 Introduction 65 Impelling and resisting forces and Lane’s balance of erosion and deposition in channels 65 Mechanics of fluid flow 67 Impelling forces in river channels 68 Resisting forces in channels 70 Vegetation and wood as resistance elements in river systems 72 Manning’s n as a unifying roughness parameter 75 The balance of impelling and resisting forces along longitudinal profiles 77 Conclusion 79 Key messages from this chapter 79 6 Sediment movement and deposition in river systems 81 Introduction 81 Grain size (sediment calibre) and definitions of bedload, mixed load and suspended load in rivers 81 Phases of sediment movement along rivers: the Hjulström diagram 84 Entrainment of sediment in river channels 85 Transport of sediment in river channels 88 Material properties that affect sediment movement in river systems 93 Deposition in river systems 102 Interpreting sediment sequences as a tool to read the landscape 104 Conclusion 114 Key messages from this chapter 114 7 Channel geometry 116 Introduction 116 Bed and bank processes that influence channel shape 117 Channel shape: putting the bed and banks together 124 Hydraulic geometry and adjustments to channel morphology 127 Conclusion 131 Key messages from this chapter 131 8 Instream geomorphic units 132 Introduction 132 Categories of geomorphic units and measures used to identify them in the field 133 Process–form associations of instream geomorphic units 134 Unit and compound instream geomorphic units 151 Forced instream geomorphic units 151 The continuum of instream geomorphic units and transformations in type 152 Conclusion 153 Key messages from this chapter 154 9 Floodplain forms and processes 155 Introduction 155 Floodplain formation processes 156 Floodplain reworking processes 159 Floodplain geomorphic units 164 The energy spectrum of floodplain types 171 Conclusion 172 Key messages from this chapter 173 10 River diversity 174 Introduction 174 Framing rivers as assemblages of cross-scalar features 176 Defining reach boundaries 176 The continuum of river form 177 The spectrum of river diversity 178 Discriminating among river types 192 The River Styles framework 199 Tips for reading the landscape to interpret river diversity 201 Conclusion 203 Key messages from this chapter 203 11 River behaviour 205 Introduction 205 River behaviour versus river change 206 Dimensions of river adjustment 207 Natural capacity for adjustment of differing river types 209 Controls on the natural capacity for adjustment of different river types 210 Interpreting the behavioural regime of different river types by reading the landscape 212 Examples of behavioural regimes for differing types of rivers 214 Analysis of river behaviour using the river evolution diagram 222 Predicting river responses to altered flux boundary conditions 229 Tips for reading the landscape to interpret river behaviour 231 Conclusion 233 Key messages from this chapter 233 12 River evolution 235 Introduction 235 Timescales of river adjustment 236 Pathways and rates of river evolution 237 Geologic controls upon river evolution 239 Climatic influences on river evolution 241 Landscape memory: imprint of past geologic and climatic conditions upon contemporary river processes, forms and evolutionary trajectory 244 River responses to altered boundary conditions 246 Linking river evolution to the natural capacity for adjustment: adding river change to the river evolution diagram 255 Reading the landscape to interpret river evolution 261 Tips for reading the landscape to interpret river evolution 265 Conclusion 267 Key messages from this chapter 267 13 Human impacts on river systems 269 Introduction 269 Historical overview of human impacts upon river systems 270 Direct and indirect forms of human disturbance to rivers 272 Conceptualising river responses to human disturbance: adding human disturbance to the river evolution diagram 282 Assessing geomorphic river condition and recovery potential 290 Tips for reading the landscape to interpret human impacts on river systems 293 Conclusion 295 Key messages from this chapter 295 14 Sediment flux at the catchment scale: source-to-sink relationships 297 Introduction 297 Conceptualising sediment flux through catchments 297 Techniques used to construct a sediment budget 298 Controls upon sediment flux 302 Analysis of sediment flux across various scales 309 Tips for reading the landscape to interpret catchment-scale sediment flux 315 Conclusion 318 Key messages from this chapter 318 15 The usefulness of river geomorphology: reading the landscape in practice 320 Introduction 320 Respect diversity 321 Understand system dynamics and evolution 321 Know your catchment 322 Closing comment: how the book should be used 323 References 324 Selected readings 328 Index 335
£46.76
John Wiley and Sons Ltd Geomorphic Analysis of River Systems
Book SynopsisFilling a niche in the geomorphology teaching market, this introductory book is built around a 12 week course in fluvial geomorphology. Reading the landscape' entails making sense of what a riverscape looks like, how it works, how it has evolved over time, and how alterations to one part of a catchment may have secondary consequences elsewhere, over different timeframes. These place-based field analyses are framed within their topographic, climatic and environmental context. Issues and principles presented in the first part of this book provide foundational understandings that underpin the approach to reading the landscape that is presented in the second half of the book. In reading the landscape, detective-style investigations and interpretations are tied to theoretical and conceptual principles to generate catchment-specific analyses of river character, behaviour and evolution, including responses to human disturbance. This book has been constructed as an intrTrade Review“Recommended readings for each chapter complement the bibliography and enhance the book's overall value. Summing Up: Highly recommended. Upper-division undergraduates, graduate students, and professionals/practitioners.” (Choice, 1 August 2013) Table of ContentsPreface xi Acknowledgements xiv 1 Geomorphic analysis of river systems: an approach to reading the landscape 1 Introduction 1 How is geomorphology useful? 2 Geomorphic analysis of river systems: our approach to reading the landscape 3 Key messages from this chapter 7 2 Key concepts in river geomorphology 9 Introduction 9 Spatial considerations in reading the landscape 9 Catchment linkages and (dis)connectivity 14 Conceptualisation of time 17 Differentiating behaviour from change 21 Disturbance events 22 Magnitude–frequency relationships in river systems 23 River sensitivity and resilience 25 Catchment-specifi c analysis of river systems: combining spatial and temporal concepts 26 Conclusion 27 Key messages from this chapter 27 3 Catchment-scale controls on river geomorphology 29 Introduction: what is a catchment? 29 Process zones in catchments: sediment source, transfer and accumulation zones 29 Longitudinal profi les of rivers 31 Geomorphic transitions along river longitudinal profi les 32 Catchment morphometrics as controls on river character and behaviour 34 Geologic controls on drainage network form, and river character and behaviour 37 The infl uence of catchment confi guration upon fl ow and sediment fl ux 41 Conclusion 42 Key messages from this chapter 42 4 Catchment hydrology 44 Introduction: what is hydrology? 44 The hydrological cycle 44 Operation of the hydrological cycle 45 Runoff generation 47 Groundwater fl ows 49 Catchment-scale runoff and discharge generation models 50 Channel initiation 51 Gully and channel formation 51 Flow regimes of perennial, intermittent and ephemeral rivers 53 Discharge and the magnitude/frequency of fl ow in river systems 54 Flood stages and hydrographs 56 Analysis of hydrograph shape 58 Discharge measurement 59 Flow frequency 60 Flow variability 61 Conclusion 62 Key messages from this chapter 62 5 Impelling and resisting forces in river systems 65 Introduction 65 Impelling and resisting forces and Lane’s balance of erosion and deposition in channels 65 Mechanics of fl uid fl ow 67 Impelling forces in river channels 68 Resisting forces in channels 70 Vegetation and wood as resistance elements in river systems 72 Manning’s n as a unifying roughness parameter 75 The balance of impelling and resisting forces along longitudinal profi les 77 Conclusion 79 Key messages from this chapter 79 6 Sediment movement and deposition in river systems 81 Introduction 81 Grain size (sediment calibre) and defi nitions of bedload, mixed load and suspended load in rivers 81 Phases of sediment movement along rivers: the Hjulström diagram 84 Entrainment of sediment in river channels 85 Transport of sediment in river channels 88 Material properties that affect sediment movement in river systems 93 Deposition in river systems 102 Interpreting sediment sequences as a tool to read the landscape 104 Conclusion 114 Key messages from this chapter 114 7 Channel geometry 116 Introduction 116 Bed and bank processes that infl uence channel shape 117 Channel shape: putting the bed and banks together 124 Hydraulic geometry and adjustments to channel morphology 127 Conclusion 131 Key messages from this chapter 131 8 Instream geomorphic units 132 Introduction 132 Categories of geomorphic units and measures used to identify them in the fi eld 133 Process–form associations of instream geomorphic units 134 Unit and compound instream geomorphic units 151 Forced instream geomorphic units 151 The continuum of instream geomorphic units and transformations in type 152 Conclusion 153 Key messages from this chapter 154 9 Floodplain forms and processes 155 Introduction 155 Floodplain formation processes 156 Floodplain reworking processes 159 Floodplain geomorphic units 164 The energy spectrum of fl oodplain types 171 Conclusion 172 Key messages from this chapter 173 10 River diversity 174 Introduction 174 Framing rivers as assemblages of cross-scalar features 176 Defi ning reach boundaries 176 The continuum of river form 177 The spectrum of river diversity 178 Discriminating among river types 192 The River Styles framework 199 Tips for reading the landscape to interpret river diversity 201 Conclusion 203 Key messages from this chapter 203 11 River behaviour 205 Introduction 205 River behaviour versus river change 206 Dimensions of river adjustment 207 Natural capacity for adjustment of differing river types 209 Controls on the natural capacity for adjustment of different river types 210 Interpreting the behavioural regime of different river types by reading the landscape 212 Examples of behavioural regimes for differing types of rivers 214 Analysis of river behaviour using the river evolution diagram 222 Predicting river responses to altered fl ux boundary conditions 229 Tips for reading the landscape to interpret river behaviour 231 Conclusion 233 Key messages from this chapter 233 12 River evolution 235 Introduction 235 Timescales of river adjustment 236 Pathways and rates of river evolution 237 Geologic controls upon river evolution 239 Climatic infl uences on river evolution 241 Landscape memory: imprint of past geologic and climatic conditions upon contemporary river processes, forms and evolutionary trajectory 244 River responses to altered boundary conditions 246 Linking river evolution to the natural capacity for adjustment: adding river change to the river evolution diagram 255 Reading the landscape to interpret river evolution 261 Tips for reading the landscape to interpret river evolution 265 Conclusion 267 Key messages from this chapter 267 13 Human impacts on river systems 269 Introduction 269 Historical overview of human impacts upon river systems 270 Direct and indirect forms of human disturbance to rivers 272 Conceptualising river responses to human disturbance: adding human disturbance to the river evolution diagram 282 Assessing geomorphic river condition and recovery potential 290 Tips for reading the landscape to interpret human impacts on river systems 293 Conclusion 295 Key messages from this chapter 295 14 Sediment fl ux at the catchment scale: source-to-sink relationships 297 Introduction 297 Conceptualising sediment fl ux through catchments 297 Techniques used to construct a sediment budget 298 Controls upon sediment fl ux 302 Analysis of sediment fl ux across various scales 309 Tips for reading the landscape to interpret catchment-scale sediment fl ux 315 Conclusion 318 Key messages from this chapter 318 15 The usefulness of river geomorphology: reading the landscape in practice 320 Introduction 320 Respect diversity 321 Understand system dynamics and evolution 321 Know your catchment 322 Closing comment: how the book should be used 323 References 324 Selected readings 328 Index 335 The color plate section can be found between pages 194 and 195
£142.54
