Geomorphology Books

Book SynopsisRanging across the 4.6 billion year history of the planet, geology is the subject that encompasses almost all that we see around us, in one way or another, and also much that we cannot see, beneath our feet, and on other planets. The fruits of geology provide most of the materials that give us shelter, and most of the energy that drives our modern lives. Within the study of geology lie some of the clues to the extraordinary impact our species is going to play out on the planet, in centuries and millennia to come.In this Very Short Introduction Jan Zalasiewicz gives a brief introduction to the fascinating field of geology. Describing how the science developed from its early beginnings, he looks at some of the key discoveries that have transformed it, before delving into its various subfields, such as sedimentology, tectonics, and stratigraphy. Analysing the geological foundations of the Earth, Zalasiewicz explains the interlocking studies of tectonics, geophysics, and igneous and metamorphic petrology and geochemistry; and describes how rocks are dated by radiometric dating. Considering the role and importance of geology in the finding and exploitation of resources (including fracking), he also discusses its place in environmental issues, such as foundations for urban structures and sites for landfill, and in tackling issues associated with climate change. Zalasiewicz concludes by discussing the exciting future and frontiers of the field, such as the exploration of the geology of Mars.ABOUT THE SERIES: The Very Short Introductions series from Oxford University Press contains hundreds of titles in almost every subject area. These pocket-sized books are the perfect way to get ahead in a new subject quickly. Our expert authors combine facts, analysis, perspective, new ideas, and enthusiasm to make interesting and challenging topics highly readable.Trade ReviewIf you do not want to have to wade through heavy tomes and are equipped with only school-level knowledge of science, to gain a basic appreciation of this subject, then this 150 page short book could well be just what you need. * Jonathan Cowie, Science Fact & Science Fiction Concatenation *I have never read a better introduction to this vast, fascinating, and vital subject. It really is like seeing the world in a grain of sand. * Dr Ted Nield, Editor, Geoscientist magazine *How much do we know about our home? Jan Zalasiewicz's brief history of Earth is fun to read, yet strong on science too. It's a clear and accurate guide to our planet, and also addresses the challenge of caring for the environment. Just right for that flight or a long train trip! * Euan Nisbet, Foundation Prof. of Earth Science, Royal Holloway, Univ. of London *Table of Contents1: What is geology? 2: Geology: the early days 3: Modern breakthroughs and revolutions 4: Deep Earth geology 5: Earth surface geology 6: Geological fieldwork 7: Geology for resources 8: Geology for society and the environment 9: A very brief history of the Earth

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Book SynopsisTrade Review"What does it mean to regard a glacier as a neighbor to learn from and defend? A glacier as both a window and a mirror? This outrageous book, rich with revelation and stewardship, is, at its deepest level, an icy blue love story to make us reconsider what it means to be fully alive -- and open to wonder -- in our ever-changing world. Bravo, M. Jackson." Kim Heacox , author of John Muir and the Ice that Started a Fire"When it comes to glaciers, Dr. M Jackson is a linguistic sorcerer, making you fall in love by proxy with the geological memory-keepers. . . . Jackson's text moves with historical and scientific precision . . . Glaciers speak to our future just as much as we speak to theirs, and M Jackson's epic examination of their place in humanity's story is compelling." Excerpt from starred review from Foreword Reviews"M Jackson brings a powerful combination of skills to bear in her ambitious task of complicating our understanding of the rapidly dwindling masses of ice with which we share this planet. Blending hands-on science, vivid descriptive writing, affecting personal anecdote, and insightful cultural observation, The Secret Lives of Glaciers is a hypnotic and inspiring bookessential reading for anyone who loves nature and is concerned about the human species' continued existence within it." Tim Weed , author, A Field Guide to Murder & Fly Fishing"M Jackson is a master storyteller, weaving evocative anecdotes and historical and scientific narratives into an intricate dance of the relationship between man and ice. Jackson writes eloquently, her stories of the real, concrete effects of climate change on the people of Iceland both informative and heart-wrenching." Dr. Michele Koppes , Glaciologist & Geographer" The Secret Lives of Glaciers engulfs you from the very first page, and in that way does due justice to the colossal yet fragile icy protagonist it intends to uncover for its readers." - Asher Jay , Conservationist & National Geographic Explorer

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Book SynopsisVast, majestic, and often stunningly beautiful, glaciers lock up some 10% of the world''s freshwater. These great bodies of ice play an important part in the Earth system, carving landscapes and influencing climate on regional and hemispheric scales, as well as having a significant impact on global sea level. Throughout time,the Earth has experienced various major glaciations in its deep history, long before the ice ages of the Quaternary, and the observed effects of climate change on glaciers have recently brought them to the forefront of public attention This Very Short Introduction offers an overview of glaciers and ice sheets as systems, considering the role of geomorphology and sedimentology in studying them, and their impacts on our planet in terms of erosional and depositional processes. Looking at our glaciers today, and their ongoing processes, David Evans considers the extent to which we can use this knowledge in reconstructing and interpreting ancient glacial landscapes. ABOUT THE SERIES: The Very Short Introductions series from Oxford University Press contains hundreds of titles in almost every subject area. These pocket-sized books are the perfect way to get ahead in a new subject quickly. Our expert authors combine facts, analysis, perspective, new ideas, and enthusiasm to make interesting and challenging topics highly readable.Table of Contents1: The glacier as a system 2: Charting glacier change 3: Glacial erosion processes and forms 4: Glacial deposition processes and forms 5: Glacial landsystems References Further Reading Index

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Book SynopsisThe new Second Edition of Glacial Geology provides a modern, comprehensive summary of glacial geology and geomorphology. It is has been thoroughly revised and updated from the original First Edition. This book will appeal to all students interested in the landforms and sediments that make up glacial landscapes.Trade Review"The book is written in an accessible manner and well-illustrated; undergraduate students will thus embrace it as a first resource." (Experimental Agriculture, 2010)Table of ContentsPreface ix Acknowledgements xi Illustrations xiii Chapter 1: Introduction 1 1.1 What is Glacial Geology and Why is it Important? 1 1.2 The Aim and Structure of this Book 6 Chapter 2: Glaciations Around The Globe 7 2.1 The Antarctic Ice Sheet 7 2.2 Greenland in the Greenhouse 15 2.3 Southern Hemisphere Temperate Glaciers: Patagonia and New Zealand 17 2.4 Northern Hemisphere Temperate Glaciers: Alaska and Iceland 21 2.5 High-Altitude Glaciers: The Himalaya 22 2.6 Tropical Glaciers: The Cordillera Blanca, Peru 26 2.7 Arctic Polythermal Glaciers 29 2.8 Summary 33 Suggested Reading 33 Chapter 3: Mass Balance and the Mechanisms of Ice Flow 41 3.1 Annual Mass Balance 41 3.2 The Mass Balance Gradient: The Glacial Driving Mechanism 44 3.3 Mechanisms of Ice Flow 47 3.4 The Principles of Basal Thermal Regime 55 3.5 Patterns and Rates of Ice Flow 63 3.6 Glacier Response to Climate Change 69 3.7 Summary 76 Suggested Reading 76 Chapter 4: Glacier Hydrology 81 4.1 Glacier Hydrology 81 4.2 Sources of Glacial Meltwater 82 4.3 Storage of Water in Glaciers 83 4.4 Methods of Studying Glacier Hydrology 84 4.5 Glacier Hydrological Systems 86 4.6 Subglacial Water Pressure 90 4.7 Discharge Fluctuations 97 4.8 Glacial Meltwater Erosion 102 4.9 Summary 104 Suggested Reading 104 Chapter 5: The Processes of Glacial Erosion 109 5.1 Glacial Abrasion 109 5.2 Glacial Quarrying 117 5.3 Estimating Rates of Glacial Erosion 125 5.4 Patterns of Glacial Erosion 128 5.5 Summary 131 Suggested Reading 131 Chapter 6: Landforms of Glacial Erosion 135 6.1 Microscale Features of Glacial Erosion 135 6.2 Mesoscale Features of Glacial Erosion 147 6.3 Macroscale Features of Glacial Erosion 157 6.4 Landscapes of Glacial Erosion 174 6.5 Summary 179 Suggested Reading 179 Chapter 7: Glacial Debris Entrainment and Transport 185 7.1 High-Level Debris Transport 185 7.2 Debris Entrainment 190 7.3 Low-Level Debris Transport 193 7.4 Debris Transfer Between Low and High Levels 197 7.5 Debris Transfer 198 7.6 Summary 202 Suggested Reading 203 Chapter 8: Glacial Sedimentation on Land 207 8.1 Direct Glacial Sedimentation 207 8.2 Fluvial Sedimentation 235 8.3 Summary 243 Suggested Reading 244 Chapter 9: Landforms of Glacial Deposition on Land 247 9.1 Ice-Marginal Moraines 247 9.2 Subglacial Landforms Formed by Ice or Sediment Flow 268 9.3 Glaciofluvial Ice-Marginal Landforms 289 9.4 Glaciofluvial Subglacial Landforms 296 9.5 Summary 299 Suggested Reading 299 Chapter 10: Glacial Sedimentation in Water 305 10.1 Sedimentation in Lacustrine Environments 305 10.2 Sedimentation in Marine Environments 315 10.3 Distinguishing Glaciolacustrine and Glaciomarine Diamicts from Glacial Tills 324 10.4 Summary 325 Suggested Reading 325 Chapter 11: Landforms of Glacial Deposition in Water 329 11.1 Glaciolacustrine Landforms 330 11.2 Glaciomarine Landforms 336 11.3 Summary 343 Suggested Reading 343 Chapter 12: Palaeoglaciology 347 12.1 The Methods Used in Palaeoglaciology 347 12.2 The Key Landforms Used in Palaeoglaciology 353 12.3 Former Subglacial Thermal Regimes 358 12.4 Palaeoglaciological Reconstructions 367 12.5 Summary 370 Suggested Reading 372 Index 377

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Book SynopsisRecent studies indicate that - due to climate change - the Earth is undergoing rapid changes in all cryospheric components, including polar sea ice shrinkage, mountain glacier recession, thawing permafrost, and diminishing snow cover. This book provides a comprehensive summary of all components of the Earth''s cryosphere, reviewing their history, physical and chemical characteristics, geographical distributions, and projected future states. This new edition has been completely updated throughout, and provides state-of-the-art data from GlobSnow-2 CRYOSAT, ICESAT, and GRACE. It includes a comprehensive summary of cryospheric changes in land ice, permafrost, freshwater ice, sea ice, and ice sheets. It discusses the models developed to understand cryosphere processes and predict future changes, including those based on remote sensing, field campaigns, and long-term ground observations. Boasting an extensive bibliography, over 120 figures, and end-of-chapter review questions, it is an ideaTable of ContentsPreface; Acknowledgements; 1. Introduction; Part I. The Terrestrial Cryosphere: 2A. Snowfall and Snow Cover; 2B. Avalanches; 3. Glaciers and Ice Caps; 4. Ice Sheets; 5. Frozen Ground and Permafrost; 6. Freshwater Ice: Lakes, Rivers and Icings; Part II. The Marine Cryosphere: 7. Sea Ice; 8. Ice Shelves and Icebergs; Part III. The Cryosphere Past and Future: 9. The Cryosphere in the Past; 10. The Future Cryosphere – Impacts of Global Warming; Part IV. Applications: 11. Applications of Snow and Ice Research; Glossary; References; Index.

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Book SynopsisFilling a niche in the geomorphology teaching market, this introductory book is built around a 12 week course in fluvial geomorphology. Reading the landscape' entails making sense of what a riverscape looks like, how it works, how it has evolved over time, and how alterations to one part of a catchment may have secondary consequences elsewhere, over different timeframes. These place-based field analyses are framed within their topographic, climatic and environmental context. Issues and principles presented in the first part of this book provide foundational understandings that underpin the approach to reading the landscape that is presented in the second half of the book. In reading the landscape, detective-style investigations and interpretations are tied to theoretical and conceptual principles to generate catchment-specific analyses of river character, behaviour and evolution, including responses to human disturbance. This book has been constructed as an intrTrade Review“Recommended readings for each chapter complement the bibliography and enhance the book's overall value. Summing Up: Highly recommended. Upper-division undergraduates, graduate students, and professionals/practitioners.” (Choice, 1 August 2013) Table of ContentsPreface xi Acknowledgements xiv 1 Geomorphic analysis of river systems: an approach to reading the landscape 1 Introduction 1 How is geomorphology useful? 2 Geomorphic analysis of river systems: our approach to reading the landscape 3 Key messages from this chapter 7 2 Key concepts in river geomorphology 9 Introduction 9 Spatial considerations in reading the landscape 9 Catchment linkages and (dis)connectivity 14 Conceptualisation of time 17 Differentiating behaviour from change 21 Disturbance events 22 Magnitude–frequency relationships in river systems 23 River sensitivity and resilience 25 Catchment-specific analysis of river systems: combining spatial and temporal concepts 26 Conclusion 27 Key messages from this chapter 27 3 Catchment-scale controls on river geomorphology 29 Introduction: what is a catchment? 29 Process zones in catchments: sediment source, transfer and accumulation zones 29 Longitudinal profiles of rivers 31 Geomorphic transitions along river longitudinal profiles 32 Catchment morphometrics as controls on river character and behaviour 34 Geologic controls on drainage network form, and river character and behaviour 37 The influence of catchment configuration upon flow and sediment flux 41 Conclusion 42 Key messages from this chapter 42 4 Catchment hydrology 44 Introduction: what is hydrology? 44 The hydrological cycle 44 Operation of the hydrological cycle 45 Runoff generation 47 Groundwater flows 49 Catchment-scale runoff and discharge generation models 50 Channel initiation 51 Gully and channel formation 51 Flow regimes of perennial, intermittent and ephemeral rivers 53 Discharge and the magnitude/frequency of flow in river systems 54 Flood stages and hydrographs 56 Analysis of hydrograph shape 58 Discharge measurement 59 Flow frequency 60 Flow variability 61 Conclusion 62 Key messages from this chapter 62 5 Impelling and resisting forces in river systems 65 Introduction 65 Impelling and resisting forces and Lane’s balance of erosion and deposition in channels 65 Mechanics of fluid flow 67 Impelling forces in river channels 68 Resisting forces in channels 70 Vegetation and wood as resistance elements in river systems 72 Manning’s n as a unifying roughness parameter 75 The balance of impelling and resisting forces along longitudinal profiles 77 Conclusion 79 Key messages from this chapter 79 6 Sediment movement and deposition in river systems 81 Introduction 81 Grain size (sediment calibre) and definitions of bedload, mixed load and suspended load in rivers 81 Phases of sediment movement along rivers: the Hjulström diagram 84 Entrainment of sediment in river channels 85 Transport of sediment in river channels 88 Material properties that affect sediment movement in river systems 93 Deposition in river systems 102 Interpreting sediment sequences as a tool to read the landscape 104 Conclusion 114 Key messages from this chapter 114 7 Channel geometry 116 Introduction 116 Bed and bank processes that influence channel shape 117 Channel shape: putting the bed and banks together 124 Hydraulic geometry and adjustments to channel morphology 127 Conclusion 131 Key messages from this chapter 131 8 Instream geomorphic units 132 Introduction 132 Categories of geomorphic units and measures used to identify them in the field 133 Process–form associations of instream geomorphic units 134 Unit and compound instream geomorphic units 151 Forced instream geomorphic units 151 The continuum of instream geomorphic units and transformations in type 152 Conclusion 153 Key messages from this chapter 154 9 Floodplain forms and processes 155 Introduction 155 Floodplain formation processes 156 Floodplain reworking processes 159 Floodplain geomorphic units 164 The energy spectrum of floodplain types 171 Conclusion 172 Key messages from this chapter 173 10 River diversity 174 Introduction 174 Framing rivers as assemblages of cross-scalar features 176 Defining reach boundaries 176 The continuum of river form 177 The spectrum of river diversity 178 Discriminating among river types 192 The River Styles framework 199 Tips for reading the landscape to interpret river diversity 201 Conclusion 203 Key messages from this chapter 203 11 River behaviour 205 Introduction 205 River behaviour versus river change 206 Dimensions of river adjustment 207 Natural capacity for adjustment of differing river types 209 Controls on the natural capacity for adjustment of different river types 210 Interpreting the behavioural regime of different river types by reading the landscape 212 Examples of behavioural regimes for differing types of rivers 214 Analysis of river behaviour using the river evolution diagram 222 Predicting river responses to altered flux boundary conditions 229 Tips for reading the landscape to interpret river behaviour 231 Conclusion 233 Key messages from this chapter 233 12 River evolution 235 Introduction 235 Timescales of river adjustment 236 Pathways and rates of river evolution 237 Geologic controls upon river evolution 239 Climatic influences on river evolution 241 Landscape memory: imprint of past geologic and climatic conditions upon contemporary river processes, forms and evolutionary trajectory 244 River responses to altered boundary conditions 246 Linking river evolution to the natural capacity for adjustment: adding river change to the river evolution diagram 255 Reading the landscape to interpret river evolution 261 Tips for reading the landscape to interpret river evolution 265 Conclusion 267 Key messages from this chapter 267 13 Human impacts on river systems 269 Introduction 269 Historical overview of human impacts upon river systems 270 Direct and indirect forms of human disturbance to rivers 272 Conceptualising river responses to human disturbance: adding human disturbance to the river evolution diagram 282 Assessing geomorphic river condition and recovery potential 290 Tips for reading the landscape to interpret human impacts on river systems 293 Conclusion 295 Key messages from this chapter 295 14 Sediment flux at the catchment scale: source-to-sink relationships 297 Introduction 297 Conceptualising sediment flux through catchments 297 Techniques used to construct a sediment budget 298 Controls upon sediment flux 302 Analysis of sediment flux across various scales 309 Tips for reading the landscape to interpret catchment-scale sediment flux 315 Conclusion 318 Key messages from this chapter 318 15 The usefulness of river geomorphology: reading the landscape in practice 320 Introduction 320 Respect diversity 321 Understand system dynamics and evolution 321 Know your catchment 322 Closing comment: how the book should be used 323 References 324 Selected readings 328 Index 335

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Book SynopsisThe diversity of Scotland's mountains is remarkable, encompassing the isolated summits of the far northwest, the serrated ridges of Skye, the tor-studded high plateau of the Cairngorms and the rolling hills of the Southern Uplands. Born on ancient continents and uplifted by tectonic forces, the mountains of Scotland have been sculpted by successive ice sheets, landslides, frost, wind and running water. This book explains the geological evolution of Scotland's mountains, and how this has produced an unparalleled variety of mountain forms. It outlines the effects of successive ice sheets on mountain scenery, and explains the dramatic changes in climate that terminated the Ice Age only 11,500 years ago. In non-technical terms it explains the effects of frost action in forming the rubble that mantles many mountain summits, and how such debris has slowly migrated downslope by freezing and thawing of the ground. The dramatic effects of deglaciation and earthquakes in triggering catastrophic landslides and downslope displacement of entire mountainsides are described, along with accounts of more recent events involving the rapid downslope flow of saturated debris. The book also outlines how Scottish mountains experience frequent gale-force winds, and their impact of wind in scouring plateaus and depositing expanses of windblown sand on lee slopes. The role of floods in eroding upland terrain and depositing floodplains, terraces and fans of sediment is described in the context of possible human influence on river regime through forest clearance.Written in clear, non-technical language and abundantly illustrated, this book is designed to provide an essential guide to landforms for all those who walk, climb, live and work in the mountains of Scotland.Trade Review'This is much, much more than a book about Scotland’s diverse mountains, it’s staggering range of rock types of differing ages and the many processes operating here through deep time, many millions of years ago, through ice ages to today’s weathering, erosion and deposition. The book as a whole tells a very coherent, detailed story of the development of the mountain landscapes we observe today and how these landscapes may look in the future. It is not a book of published scientific papers, equations and technical academic jargon, nor does the author shy away from all of those, but hits the middle ground, and the book is immensely readable and wonderfully illustrated… I found Colin Ballantyne’s book to be very accessible and, although I read it cover to cover, it is also one to easily dip into. I recommend this book to anyone with an interest in mountains, from the walker and budding geologist through to those who study the mountains of Scotland.' Proceedings of the OUGS'The book is well illustrated throughout with the explanatory figures clearly presented and hopefully understandable by most. The number of such figures sets it clearly apart from a coffee table book. There are copious and excellent photographs throughout which are for the most-part presented at the size more familiar to readers of academic texts, i.e. there are few full page photographs. I think this book will provide a welcome resource for many who venture into the Scottish mountains on foot, on bikes, in their cars, on coaches or on the train, as many mountain landscapes can be seen from the vantage points of road and rail. There is an index of locations, and one for the mountains and hills, and these are likely to become well-thumbed pages by readers in search of an explanation for some part of the landscape which they have just observed. Colin’s academic background is finally revealed by a short section which provides references to ‘Further reading’ for those who are interested in delving deeper. I stated that Colin had set himself a daunting challenge with his aim for this book and I think he has achieved this, in as far as it is possible to do so. It provides an accessible explanation to the relevant solid earth and surface processes, however, the more complex and nuanced explanations, may be more challenging for some. If you have experienced the Scottish mountains and found yourself, at some point, wondering “why does it look like that” or “what is that mound” or “what is that hollow”, then this book may well provide an answer for you. I found it a very enjoyable read and I am sure that so will very many others.' Scottish Geographical Journal'As a hillwalker who has tramped Scotland's mountain landscape regularly for over 30 years and spent countless days surrounded by and wandering through the diverse and contrasting upland areas of this country it has been a pleasure to sit down with this book and review these past adventures in a new light. Most of us who head to the hills frequently have to contrast our delight at being immersed in our favourite highland landscapes with very scant knowledge of how the individual characters of these mountain areas were formed. Typically, we will of course be aware to some extent of the volcanic origin of some of our favourite haunts, the impact of glaciers on the topography and the effect of erosion on our mountain ranges. Ballantyne s book though takes these grains of knowledge and expands them with a very thorough and exceptionally well researched record of the formation and evolution of the landscape which forms our playgrounds. This reader's previous efforts to explore Scotland s geological past have floundered on other authors overly scientific and dry presentation. Ballantyne's book contains plenty of science and technical information, but it is written in an easier to read style that is very palatable to the non-expert. The book contains fascinating insights into many mountain areas that have been frequently visited in the past, but which will be looked on with fresh eyes the next time round. There are plenty illustrations and photographs highlighting the descriptive text and putting the research into context. This book would make an excellent gift for anyone who enjoys walking the Scottish hills or who is simply fascinated by this rich landscape of ours.' Norrie Shand Secretary, The 45 Degrees Mountaineering Club'Scotland’s Mountain Landscapes: A Geomorphological Perspective provides a highly engaging and technically comprehensive guide to the development of Scotland’s upland terrain. The book is presented largely as a journey through time, starting with the formation and tectonic movement of the rocks that form the present-day Scottish landmass, to subsequent shaping of this terrain by weathering, glacial, periglacial, fluvial and slope processes. The book aims to find the middle ground between the academic literature, full of technical jargon, and more popular accounts that are often lacking in scientific detail. To enable the reader to navigate through the specialist terminology that is required to achieve any level of detailed explanation, each chapter begins by systematically outlining the key terms and concepts required to understand the richly detailed, Scotland-specific, remainder of the chapter. The overall result is an excellent account of the evolution of Scotland’s mountain landscapes. Colour diagrams and some impressive photographs throughout provide a powerful visual accompaniment to the detailed descriptions and process explanations, although in places I wish that features of interest within photographs had been directly labelled or highlighted. The book will be enjoyed by academics, students and non-specialists alike; anyone with an interest in the rich geomorphological history of the Scottish uplands… The major strength of the book lies in its ability to synthesise the vast body of literature associated with the evolution of Scotland’s landscapes into a manageable account, without scrimping on detail. This is no easy feat given the range of disciplines (geology, geochronology, glaciology, various strands of geomorphology, etc.) that the book draws upon, and the many complex debates on landform or geochronological interpretation within each subject area or locality. In general, the book manages to delicately navigate any contentious landform-process interpretations, and a range of potential explanations is often included. Non-specialists who just want to dip into the book may struggle as the text often relies on knowledge gained in a previous chapter. However, those who read the book from start to finish will be well rewarded with a comprehensive and fascinating account of the geological and geomorphological history of Scotland’s mountain landscapes. Overall, the book was a pleasure to read, providing a great overview with something for readers of all specialisms and backgrounds.' The HoloceneTable of ContentsAcknowledgements. 1:Introduction, The land of the mountain and the flood ; 2:The geological evolution of Scotland; 3: Rocks, relief and the preglacial landscape ; 4:The Ice Age in Scotland; 5: Glacial landforms; 5: Periglacial landforms; 6: Landslides and related features; 7: Aeolian landforms; 8: Fluvial landforms; 9: Key sites. Further reading. Index of locations in Scotland. Index of Scottish mountains and hills. General Index.

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Book SynopsisGeomorphology is the study of the earth’s landforms and the processes that made the landscape look the way it does today. What we see when we look at a scenic view is the result of the interplay of the forces that shape the earth’s surface. These operate on many different timescales and involve geological as well as climatic forces. Adrian Harvey introduces the varying geomorphological forces and differing timescales which thus combine: from the global, which shape continents and mountain ranges; through the regional, producing hills and river basins; to the local, forming beaches, glaciers and slopes; to those micro scale forces which weather rock faces and produce sediment. Finally, he considers the effect that humans have had on the world’s topography.Trade Review‘This attractive publication is indeed footnote-free and well-produced in colour. It is, though, definitely slimline rather than lightweight. Authoritative in tone and broad in scope, any undergraduate or ambitious A-level student will learn much from its pages.’ Geography 'Prof. Harvey’s book is readable and well worth its price.' Proceedings of the OUGSTable of Contents1. Introduction to geomorphology; 2. Global-scale geomorphology; 3. Regional-scale geomorphology; 4. Local-scale geomorphology: Process systems and landforms; 5. Timescales and landform evolution; 6. Geomorphology and interactions with society. Further reading. Glossary.

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Book SynopsisPart I: The Major Themes.- Chapter 1: What Are Landscapes? The French Context.- Chapter 2: The Fundamental Geological Context For French Geomorphology.- Chapter 3: France In Its European Geological And Geomorphological Setting.- Chapter 4: Landforms And Geomorphic Processes (French Examples).- Chapter 5: French Cultural Landscapes - Relation To Geomorphology.- Part Ii: Geomorphic Regions Of France.- Chapter 6: Armorica (Brittany, Vendée, Cotentin).- Chapter 7: The Eastern Uplands From The Ardennes To The Vosges.- Chapter 8: The Massif Central (Limousin, Auvergne, Causses).- Chapter 9: The Paris Basin (Northern Chalk Plateaux, Eastern Scarplands, The Central Paris Basin - Île De France, The Middle Loire Valley).- Chapter 10: Aquitaine.- Chapter 11: The Pyrenees.- Chapter 12: The Jura Mountains And The Saône Basin.- Chapter 13: The Northern French Alps And The Middle Rhône.- Chapter 14: The Southern French Alps, Provence And The Mediterranean Coast.- Chapter 15: Corsica.- Chapter 16: Final Thoughts.

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Book SynopsisMars has been extensively photographed by cameras and compositionally detected by spectrometers onboard orbiters on a global scale, and explored in-situ by landers and rovers at both local and outcrop scales in different locations. The results have proved that the Martian surface is rich in Earth-like geomorphologies, and the study of terrestrial analogs to Mars has been listed as one of the highest priorities of Martian science. With increasing new discoveries by in-situ explorations, Mars exploration has begun to enter the era of focusing on detailed analyses at regional to outcrop levels, rather than global mapping. Analog studies are playing a crucial role in this transition, making this book, which introduces the methodology and provides cases for readers, essentially important.Dozens of sites on Earth have been listed as analog targets for comparative study with the geomorphology, geology, geochemistry, environment and habitability of Mars. However, due to the diversity of landforms and forming mechanisms, and the long history of Mars, no single analog site on Earth can be fully compared to Mars. Nonetheless, the Qaidam Basin has been listed as an unique Mars analog site for studying the red planet's geomorphology, geology, and environmental changes, particularly regarding the evolution of paleolakes on Mars. This kind of setting has always been listed as a top priority for the search of life on Mars.This book contains first-hand information and on-site images obtained by the work's contributing authors, and is an essential read for anyone interested in Martian geomorphology and its evolution processes and history.

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a huge range and FREE tracked UK delivery on ALL orders.

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a huge range and FREE tracked UK delivery on ALL orders.

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a huge range and FREE tracked UK delivery on ALL orders.

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Book SynopsisPractical Engineering Geology provides an introduction to the way projects are managed, designed and constructed, and how the engineering geologist can contribute to cost- effective and safe project achievement. The need for a holistic view of geological materials, from soil to rock, and of geological history is emphasised. Chapters address key aspects of Geology for engineering and ground modelling Site investigation and testing of geological materials Geotechnical parameters Design of slopes, tunnels, foundations, and other engineering structures Identifying hazards Avoiding unexpected ground conditions This second edition includes a new chapter on environmental issues covering hydrogeology, considerations of climate change, earthquakes, and more. All chapters have been updated, with extensively revised figures throughout and several new case studies of unexpected ground conditions. The book will support pract

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Book SynopsisIGNEOUS ROCKS AND PROCESSES A practical introduction to igneous petrology for students and practitioners The newly revised Second Edition of Igneous Rocks and Processes: A Practical Guide, delivers an authoritative introduction to igneous petrology and helps students to develop key skills and confidence in identifying igneous materials and in naming and interpreting unknown igneous rocks presented to them. It serves as both a conventional course text and a practical laboratory manual. The authors review igneous nomenclature and subsequently describe specific compositional categories of magmatic rocks. Each chapter covers definitions, mineralogy, eruption and emplacement processes, textures and crystallization processes, geotectonic distribution, geochemistry, and aspects of magma genesis. Additional chapters address phase equilibrium experiments and physical volcanology. This latest edition offers readers extensively updated chapters, as well as accesTable of ContentsPreface to the second Edition Preface to the first Edition Acknowledgements About the companion website Chapter 1 An introduction to magmas and magmatic rocks Chapter 2 Basalts and related rocks Chapter 3 Magma differentiation Chapter 4 Gabbroic rocks Chapter 5 Ultramafic rocks Chapter 6 Andesite, dacite and rhyolite Chapter 7 How magmas erupt – an introduction to pyroclastic processes and products Chapter 8 Granitic rocks Chapter 9 Alkali rocks Appendix A – Mineral identification using a polarizing microscope Appendix B - Petrographic calculations Appendix C - Symbols, units and constants used in this book Glossary Answers to exercises Bibliography Index Colour plate section between pp. X and X

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Book SynopsisThe island of Robert Graves, Joan Miro and Archduke Ludwig Salvador has become the most popular holiday destination in the Mediterranean with nearly 10 million visitors a year. Few, however, are aware of the 5000 year history of Mallorca and its resulting landscape featuring late Bronze Age navetes and talayots, Roman cities, and a major medieval trading port with one of Europe's largest cathedrals. Mallorca's landscape has been formed with a pattern of important country houses and enclosed fields, and the relics of major nineteenth century industries including textiles and shoe-making workshops. One hundred and twenty years of tourism, latterly on a massive scale, endangers much of what has gone before. Professor Buswell's pioneering work, based on more than ten years of local research, describes and analyses all these elements that together form the contemporary landscape. Written in an accessible style and well-illustrated with maps and photographs, this book will appeal to student and concerned reader alike and should be read by all who are inquisitive about what they see around them when they visit the island.Trade Review'Buswell's latest book has no peer in English....he draws on various epistemological perspectives to portray the landscape as a cultural artifact that is unique due to changing human settlement and exploitation, but also is a palimpsest bearing telltale signs of sequent occupancy never completely erased.' The AAG Review of Books'The chapters on the historical landscape changes are both enjoyable and informative. The reader is taken on a tour which begins with ‘Prehistoric Mallorca’ (ch. 4), runs through the Roman and Muslim occupations (ch. 5 and 6) through to Medieval and early modern Mallorca (ch. 7 and 8). Three final chapters in this block (ch. 9-11) cover the last two centuries, focusing on the development of manufacturing (principally textiles), demographic changes, the decline of the large estates that had dominated for centuries, and of course, tourism. There is a careful consideration throughout on rural-urban landscape interactions and the development of Palma, reflecting its size and importance. These historical chapters that form the ‘core’ of the book are highly readable and will have wide appeal to a non-academic audience. This is in part down to the inclusion of many fascinating factual ‘gems’ that make the narrative come alive. These range from descriptions of land tenants’ rents during the sixteenth century (paid in a mixture of cream cheeses, goats and cash), to changes in dietary preferences between the Muslim and Christian occupations. I particularly enjoyed the author’s many asides (harking back to themes covered elsewhere) and style of probing behind the facts, although not all his questions are answered in much depth, which might frustrate some readers. There is much to commend the structuring and presentation of the book. The chronological layout of the chapters makes them easy to dip in and out of, whilst helpful summaries reinforce key points. The illustrations are generous and useful, taking the form of coloured maps, photographs and tables. I found the historical maps and old photographs particularly welcome - I wish there had been more of these but space doesn’t seem to have permitted this. The reference list is impressive and an excellent resource in itself.' Island Studies‘The book is well illustrated and offers a panoply of archival photographs, contemporary images and sketch maps, but draws almost exclusively upon secondary research material. It is of direct interest to the teaching of Iberian geography at undergraduate level. This fascinating and informative book offers valuable insight into an island community that is little known beyond its Catalan and Castilian research roots.’ GeographyTable of ContentsList of Illustrations; Acknowledgements; Preface. 1. Introduction: Mallorca and landscape history; 2. Mallorca and the Mediterranean; 3. The physical basis of the landscape; Prehistoric Mallorca - early human imprint; 5. Roman and other empires in Mallorca: limited landscapes; 6. The landscape of the Muslims, 902-1229; 7. Medieval Mallorca, 1229-1519; 8. Early modern Mallorca, 1520-1820; 9. The long nineteenth century, 1820-1920: the beginnings of modernisation; 10. A beggar's mantle fringed with gold - Mallorca 1920-1955; 11. Mass tourism and the landscape - Mallorca 1955-2011; 12. Reflections on a theme of landscape change. Notes. References. Index.

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Book SynopsisAs major actors in the unfolding drama of climate change, glaciers feature prominently in Earth’s past and its future. Wherever on the planet we live, glaciers affect each of us directly. They control the atmospheric and ocean circulations that drive the weather; they supply drinking and irrigation water to millions of people; and they protect us from catastrophic sea-level rise. The very existence of glaciers affects our view of the planet and of ourselves, but it is less than 200 years since we realised that ice ages come and go, and that glaciers once covered much more of the planet’s surface than they do now. An inspiration to artists, a challenge for engineers, glaciers mean different things to different people. Crossing the boundaries between art, environment, science, nature and culture, this book uniquely considers glaciers from a myriad perspectives, revealing their complexity, majesty and importance, but also their fragility.

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Book SynopsisThis book focuses on regions for which until now the geomorphology was very poorly studied and relatively unknown. Nevertheless, the landforms and landscapes of the Horn of Africa are highly attractive, diverse and in a few cases unique, since they span very different environments, from highland plateaus and mountains to lowlands (even below sea level) and coastlines with a high degree of diversity and from monsoon to arid climate conditions. The main topics addressed in the book include the links between the geological evolution and the current large scale geomorphology of the Horn of Africa; the large differences between the highlands and lowlands climate, river hydrology and their variation through time within a climate change perspective. This part of the world was home of the very first hominids. The landscape in which they lived and evolved throughout the Pleistocene is described in comparison with the arid and inhospitable, though immensely scenic, environment of today. Perennial and ephemeral rivers with very different morphology, processes, and hydrology drain the area, and, in combination with the past and recent uplift, substantially contributed to provide the region with peculiar landscapes and landforms. Long lasting weathering and erosion processes result in a typical inselberg landscape such as the Bur region, or the currently exposed flatland of old peneplain surfaces. Their changes through time, induced by both natural and anthropogenic factors, are addressed by a couple of case studies. Though the region has few inhabitants, they had to struggle to find their livelihood in a land that offers poor resources. This resulted in landscape change and land degradation. Examples of human impact on the landscape are presented at different scales. This book provides readers interested in geography and geomorphology with essential scientific and educational information on the Landscapes and Landforms of Eritrea, Djibouti and Somalia through simple, though scientifically, rigorous texts illustrated with several color maps and photos. One main prerogative of this book is therefore to give an insight into a region of the world where, for geographical and historical constraints, geomorphological investigation was very limited, thus enriching its intrinsic informative value.Table of ContentsChp. 1 Geomorphological landscapes of Eritrea, Djibouti, Somalia. Paolo Billi and Piotr MigonChp. 2 Geology of the eastern Horn of Africa: a review and geomorphological perspectives. Ernesto Abbate, Mario Sagri and others.Chp. 3 The climate of the eastern Horn of Africa. Massimiliano Fazzini, Carlo Bisci, Paolo BilliChp. 4 River hydromorphology and flood hazard. Paolo Billi Chp. 5 Geomorphology of the Eritrean coasts. Paolo Ciavola Chp. 6 Somalia coast geomorphology. Paolo Ciavola .Chp. 7 Quaternary landscape evolution of the Homo erectus site of Buia, Eritrean Danakil. Massimiliano GhinassiChp 8. Geomorphology of the Samoti plain, Eritrean Danakil. Paolo Billi Chp. 9 Geomorphology of Afar. Jaques Varet Chp. 10 Geomorphological map of Somalia. Paolo Paron and Francesco DramisChp. 11 Landscape and landforms of northern Somalia. Bruno PetrucciChp. 12 Geomorphology of the ephemeral streams in the Daban basin , northern Somalia. Paolo BilliChp. 13. Landscape Evolution in the Mean Juba River Valley. Mauro ColtortiChp. 14 River drainage system evolution in Somalia. Paolo ParonChp. 15 Landscape change in Eritrea and Somalia. Neil MunroChp. 16 Landscape change, land degradation and sustainable land management in Eritrea. Hans Hurni, Thomas Kohler and co-authors Chp. 17 Land Degradation of Somalia. Chris Print

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a huge range and FREE tracked UK delivery on ALL orders.

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Book SynopsisIn April 2016, a series of earthquakes hit the Kumamoto area of Kyushu Island, southwest Japan. The Mj 7.3 (Mw 7.0) mainshock produced extensive and complex surface ruptures in and around the active Futagawa-Hinagu fault zone, including primary right-lateral faulting, slip-partitioned normal faulting, and distributed and triggered surface breaks, as well as minor surface ruptures associated with the foreshocks of up to Mj 6.5 (Mw 6.2). This book provides a complete record of those surface ruptures mapped by a team of more than 25 researchers from Japanese universities and research institutes. The locations, traces, morphology, and displacement are described in great detail along with over 300 on-site photographs, and the information is supplemented by the GIS data available online. The book is useful for a wide range of earthquake scientists and engineers who work on active faults and related seismic hazard assessment, including earthquake geologists, tectonic geomorphologists, seismologists, geodesists, civil engineers, and city planners.Table of ContentsPart I Tectonic Setting of the Epicentral Area Chapter 1 Geomorphology and Geology Chapter 2 Seismicity and Crustal Movement Chapter 3 Active Faults and Paleoseismicity Chapter 4 Seismological and Geodetic Observations of the 2016 Kumamoto Earthquake Sequence Part II Detailed Description of the Surface Ruptures Chapter 5 Field Mapping Methods and Data Compilation Procedures of the Surface Ruptures Chapter 6 General Characteristics of the Surface Ruptures of the 2016 Kumamoto Earthquake Sequence Chapter 7 Surface Ruptures of the Shirahata-Oike Section Chapter 8 Surface Ruptures along the Kita-Amagi Fault Zone Chapter 9 Surface Ruptures along the Southern Part of the Futagawa Fault Chapter 10 Surface Ruptures along the Central-Northern Part of the Futagawa Fault Chapter 11 Surface Ruptures in the Downtown of Kumamoto City Chapter 12 Surface Ruptures and Tectonic Geomorphology along and around the Idenokuchi Fault Chapter 13 Surface Ruptures in the Northwestern Part of the Inner Aso Caldera Chapter 14 Surface Ruptures in the Northeastern Part of the Inner Aso Caldera Chapter 15 Surface Ruptures in the Northwest of the Outer Aso Caldera Chapter 16 Surface Ruptures along the Western Part of the Bungo-Kaido Road Chapter 17 Surface Ruptures in Mashiki Town: Tectonic Significance and Building Damage Chapter 18 Surface Ruptures Accompanied with the Largest Foreshock

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Book SynopsisOffers an introduction to the processes and products of change to the Earth's surface. This work explains how the planet is being constantly remodelled by powerful natural forces and guides us through geological time and space to recreate past landscapes. It also features information about the human impact on climate change.

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Book SynopsisWhat were the landscapes of the past like? What will landscapes look like in the future? Landscapes are all around us, but most of us know very little about how they have developed, what goes on in them, and how they react to changing climates, tectonics and human activities. Examining what landscape is, and how we use a range of ideas and techniques to study it, Andrew Goudie and Heather Viles demonstrate how geomorphologists have built on classic methods pioneered by some great 19th century scientists to examine our Earth. Using examples from around the world, including New Zealand, the Tibetan Plateau, and the deserts of the Middle East, they examine some of the key controls on landscape today such as tectonics and climate, as well as humans and the living world. They also discuss some key ''landscape detectives'' from the past, including Charles Darwin who did some important, but often overlooked, research on landscape. Concluding with the cultural importance of landscape, and exploring how this has led to the conservation of much ''earth heritage'', they delve into the future and look at how we can predict the response of landscapes to climate change in the future.ABOUT THE SERIES: The Very Short Introductions series from Oxford University Press contains hundreds of titles in almost every subject area. These pocket-sized books are the perfect way to get ahead in a new subject quickly. Our expert authors combine facts, analysis, perspective, new ideas, and enthusiasm to make interesting and challenging topics highly readable.Table of ContentsIntroduction ; 1. The changing landscape ; 2. The present is the key to the past ; 3. Landscapes past and present ; 4. Landscapes, tectonics, and climate ; 5. Living landscapes ; 6. Landscapes and us ; 7. Landscapes of the future ; 8. Landscapes, art, and culture ; 9. Unseen landscapes ; Further Reading

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Book SynopsisThis revised and updated edition continues to provide a comprehensive introduction to the subject, exploring the worldâs landforms from a broad systems perspective. It covers the basics of Earth surface forms and processes, while reflecting on the latest developments in the field. Fundamentals of Geomorphology begins with a consideration of the nature of geomorphology, including its relation to society, process and form, history, and geomorphic systems, and moves on to discuss:â Structure: structural landforms associated with plate tectonics and those associated with volcanoes, and folds, faults, and joints.â Process and form: landforms resulting from, or influenced by, the exogenic agencies of weathering, running water, flowing ice and meltwater, ground ice and frost, the wind, and the sea; landforms developed on limestone; extraterrestrial landforms; and landscape evolution, a discussion of ancient landforms. Fundamentals of Geomorphology provides a stimulating and innovative perspective on the key topics and debates within the field of geomorphology. Written in an accessible and lively manner, it includes guides to further reading, chapter summaries, and an extensive glossary of key terms. The book is also illustrated throughout with over 200 informative diagrams and attractive photographs, all in colour. It is supported by online resources for students and instructors.Trade ReviewFundamentals of Geomorphology is notable for its breadth, its international perspective, its clarity of expression and the excellence of its illustrative material. This new edition also reflects important new developments in the discipline with its treatment of the Anthropocene and of Planetary Landscapes. It also reflects the growing importance of digital resources as aids to teaching and comprehension. Andrew Goudie, University of Oxford, UK.Richard Huggett is a master of synthesis in the geosciences, and it shows (again) in this edition of the book with Emma Shuttleworth. No other text covers geomorphology as thoroughly but concisely or does as well by mainstream and traditional conepts as well as cutting-edge ideas. Jonathan Phillips, Professor (emeritus) of Earth Surface Systems, University of Kentucky, USA.Table of ContentsPart I Introducing Landforms and Landscapes 1 What Is Geomorphology? 2 Introducing Process and Form 3 Introducing History 4 Geomorphology and The Earth System 5 Life and Humans As Geomorphic Agents Part II Endogenic Processes 6 Plate Tectonics And Associated Structural Landforms 7 Volcanoes, Folds, And Faults Part III Exogenic Processes 8 Weathering And Associated Landforms 9 Weathering Products: Regolith And Soils 10 Hillslopes 11 Fluvial Landscapes 12 Glacial And Glaciofluvial Landscapes 13 Periglacial Landscapes 14 Aeolian Landscapes 15 Coastal Landscapes 16 Karst Landscapes 17 Planetary Landscapes Part IV Deep-Time Perspectives 18 Long-Term Geomorphology Appendix One: The Geological Timescale

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Book SynopsisThis 1987 book examines the intimate link between periglacial geomorphology and the fluctuating climates of the Quaternary Period, which is well illustrated in the British Isles. The contributors also examine areas that are similar to periglacial Britain. Other topics discussed include ground ice depressions and pingo remnants.Table of ContentsPreface; Introduction; Part I. The Search for Analogues; Section 1. Present Cold Environments: 1. Periglacial forms of Svalvbard: a review Jonas Åkerman; 2. Periglacial processes and landforms in the Western Canadian Arctic H. M. French; 3. Periglacial phenomena of northern Fennoscandia Matti Seppälä; 4. Spatial and temporal trends in alpine periglacial studies: implications for paleo reconstruction Colin E. Thorn and Deborah S. Loewenherz; Section 2. Pleistocene Conditions in Adjacent Europe: 5. Pleistocene periglacial conditions and geomorphology in north central Europe Johannes Karte; 6. Weichselian periglacial structures and their environmental significance: Belgium, the Netherlands, and northern France A. Pissart; Part II. Britain and Ireland; Section 3. Introduction: 7. Permafrost stratigraphy in Britain - a first approximation Peter Worsley; 8. Periglacial periods in Ireland William P. Warren; 9. The present-day periglaciation of upland Britain Colin K. Ballantyne; Section 4. Weathering and soils: 10. Frost weathered mantles on the Chalk R. B. G. Williams; 11. Frost and salt weathering as periglacial processes: the results and implications of some laboratory experiments L. C. Jerwood, D. A. Robinson and R. B. G. Williams; 12. Effects of the Devensian cold stage on soil characteristics and distribution in eastern England J. A. Catt; 13. Periglacial features in the soils of north east Scotland E. A. Fitzpatrick; 14. Characteristic ratios of width to depth-of-sorting for sorted stripes in the English Lake District Jeff Warburton; 15. Rock platform erosion on periglacial shores: a modern analogue for Pleistocene rock platforms in Britain A. G. Dawson, J. A. Matthews and R. A. Shakesby; Section 5. Permafrost and ground ice: 16. Ramparted ground ice depressions in Britain and Ireland R. H. Bryant and C. P. Carpenter; 17. Origin of small hollows in Norfolk R. G. West; 18. The distribution and age of pingo remnants in Ireland P. Coxon and P. O'Callaghan; 19. The role of thermokarst in landscape development in eastern England Rodney G. O. Burton; Section 6. Slopes, Sediments and Mass Wasting: 20. Solifluction and related periglacial deposits in England and Wales Charles Harris; 21. Periglacial sediments and landforms in the Isles of Scilly and West Cornwall J. D. Scourse; 22. Late Devensian periglacial slope deposits in the Cheviot Hills T. D. Douglas and S. Harrison; 23. Strongly folded structures associated with permafrost degradation and solifluction at Lyme Regis, Dorset J. N. Hutchinson and D. W. Hight; 24. Non-marine molluscan faunas of periglacial deposits in Britain D. H. Keen; 25. Sedimentological aspects of periglacial terrace aggradations: a case study from the English Midlands Martin Dawson; 26. The periglacial history of Buchan, north east Scotland E. R. Connell and A. M. Hall; 27. The significance of periglacial features on Knocknadobar, south west Ireland I. M. Quinn; Index.

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Book SynopsisAntarctica is a magnificent display of interaction between air and the various phases of water in a pristine environment. This interaction has led to the formation of many unique features over the Antarctic continent. Antarctica is now emerging as an important key in the understanding of global and environmental concerns. Its unique features have provided scientists with special opportunities to investigate the origin of the continents, pollution at the global level, ozone hole healing and changes in the global climate. However, lack of scientific data remains a major problem for researchers in many areas of Antarctic science. This book fills the gaps in the process of understanding Antarctic science.

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Book SynopsisWith the state of global ice constantly in the news, one mountain journalist examines Canadian glaciers to uncover their secrets and their future.From a mother/daughter duo who spent five months skiing across icefields from Vancouver to Alaska, toscientists discovering biofilms deep inside glacier caverns, to protesters camping for weeks to protect their beloved local glacier, western Canada's glaciers are dynamic, enigmatic, exquisitely beautiful, sometimes dangerous environments where people play, work, run businesses, explore, and create art every single day.Author Lynn Martel is one of them. With gorgeous images by some of the country's best outdoor photographers, Stories of Ice shares the excitement, the mystery, and the wonder of Canada's glaciers and poses questions about their future.

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Book SynopsisKarstified landscapes are among the most bizarre on our planet -- both above and below ground. This book takes you on a visual journey across sublime karst scenery and into the subterranean wilderness of New Zealand caves. Accompanied by popular scientific texts, stunning images lead you from the sculptured limestone pavements of the alpine marble karst to the grassland and jungle karst of the foothills, onwards into the twilight zone and deeper into the caves. It explores the diversity of peculiar features and creatures of the underground, ventures back into the light of cave ruins, and concludes with karst-related Māori rock art. Learn about the life cycle of the endemic glowworm and the critically endangered Nelson cave spider. Explore the majesty of cave minerals forming speleothems of all types. Discover the many roles water plays in shaping karst and understand the vulnerability of these geotopes and biotopes. New Zealand Karst reveals how you can appreciate karst as a phenomenon where geological, biological, and archaeological beauty all come together in harmony.

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Book SynopsisThe contents of book have been arranged in an alphabetic manner to ease the process of the retrieval of relevant information. This is a comprehensive book of reason- able size and I hope that it will satisfy the readers.

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Book SynopsisLectures on Geophysical Fluid Dynamics offers an introduction to several topics in theoretical geophysical fluid dynamics, including the theory of large-scale ocean circulation, geostrophic turbulence, and Hamiltonian fluid dynamics. The book is based on an introductory course in dynamical oceanography offered to first-year graduate students at Scripps Institution of Oceanography. Each chapter is a self-contained introduction ti its particular subject, and makes few specific references to other chapters. Chapters 1 examines the relationship between the molecular and continuum models of the fluid, and between the Eulerian and Lagrangian descriptions of the latter. Ch.2 is a broad introduction to the fluid dynamics of rotating, stratified flows. Ch.3 adddresses large-scale ocean circulation. Chs.4,5 and 6 discuss the theory of turbulence, including elementary ideas based on vorticity laws (Ch.4), statistical turbulence theory (Ch.5), and the applications of these ideas to quasigeostrophiTrade Review'The book provides an excellent course for graduate students in applied mathematics or mathematical oceanography or meterology. It can be used fruitfully by researchers in related areas who would like to learn about a field of physics that generates intriguing and cha,lenging mathematical problems...It is also likely to become a significant reference book for the subject' SIAM ReviewTable of Contents1. Fundamentals ; 2. Introduction to Geophysical Fluid Dyunamics ; 3. Non-inertial Theory of Ocean Circulation ; 4. Vorticity and Turbulence ; 5. Statistical Fluid Dynamics ; 6. Geostropic Turbulence ; 7. Hamiltonian Fluid Dynamics

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Book SynopsisThis lively introduction to geologic fracture mechanics provides a consistent treatment of all common geologic structural discontinuities. It explores the formation, growth and interpretation of fractures and deformation bands, from theoretical, field and lab-based perspectives, bridging the gap between a general textbook treatment and the more advanced research literature. It allows the reader to acquire basic tools to interpret discontinuity origins, geometries, patterns and implications using many of the leading and contemporary concepts known to specialists in the field. Problem sets are provided at the end of each chapter, and worked examples are included within each chapter to illustrate topics and enable self-study. With all common geologic structures including joints, hydrofractures, faults, stylolites and deformation bands being discussed from a fresh perspective, it will be a useful reference for advanced students, researchers and industry practitioners interested in structurTrade Review'This timely volume bridges textbook and research literature and should be consulted by any geologist or engineer who must deal with discontinuous geological media, whether in soils or rocks. Casual readers might think it relevant only to the contemporary issue of shale fracking, but anyone dealing with foundations, roads, and the like will find this book useful. While theoretical aspects are covered, the book mainly deals with field occurrences of fracture (providing photographic illustrations of particular types) and their interpretation … Exercises and solutions accompany each chapter, in addition to 'learning maps' depicting the concepts covered and their relationships.' M. S. Field, ChoiceTable of ContentsPreface; 1. Introduction to geologic structural discontinuities; 2. Elastic rock rheology and stress concentration; 3. Stress, Mohr circles, and deformation at peak strength; 4. Cracks and anticracks; 5. Discontinuity patterns and their interpretation; 6. Faults; 7. Deformation bands; 8. Fracture mechanics: a tour of basic principles; 9. Beyond linear elastic fracture mechanics; Answers to selected exercises; Glossary; References; Index.

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Book SynopsisWritten for anyone interested in coastal geomorphology, this is the complete guide to the processes at work on our coastlines and the resulting features seen in coastal systems across the world. Accessible to students from a range of disciplines, the quantitative approach of this book helps to build a solid understanding of wave and current processes that shape coastlines. From sandy beaches to coral reefs, the major coastal features are related to contemporary processes and to sea-level changes over the past 25,000 years. Key equations describing these processes and standard methods and instrumentation used to collect measurements are all presented in this wide-ranging overview. Designed to support a one- or two-semester course and grounded in current research, this second edition has been substantially updated and rewritten - featuring cutting-edge new topics, insights from new models and technologies, additional global examples and an enhanced package of online teaching materials.Trade Review'Given the impending challenges at the coast under the impacts of global climate change, it is heartening to encounter this well-presented text on the interaction of processes and sediment supply that provide the characteristics of the present coastal features. The writing style is that of being in the classroom and being exposed to the lectures on the topic, replete with background, a variety of perspectives, and areas of continued need for research. It is the essence of communication for the purpose of generating understanding and appreciating the vectors of change at many levels now and into the future. BRAVO!!' Norbert Psuty, Rutgers University'This substantially updated second edition is a well-balanced and authoritative introduction to a wide range of coastal systems, usefully supported by examples drawn from across the globe. Written by acknowledged coastal experts, the text is grounded in morphodynamics yet styled to allow easy access to a wide spectrum of readers, reaching out beyond coastal scientists to include those who manage the coast. The use of special interest boxes serves as an elegant device linking an understanding of morphodynamics to key coastal management issues. This book is an authoritative key text for all those with an interest in coastal processes and geomorphology.' Jim Hansom, University of Glasgow'The book … is more than a remarkable introduction to coastal geomorphology, building up with team synergy on the first edition published a few years ago … Written by three scientists that have contributed substantively, and still do, to the understanding of coasts and the geomorphic processes involved in the construction, shaping and reworking of coastal landforms, the second edition of this book finely crystallizes cutting-edge research in coastal geomorphology. The book … will be appealing to students and scholars from a range of disciplines. The text is well-balanced with good, clear diagrams and figures, and each chapter backed by up-to-date references and supplementary information on coastal processes in a box format. This book deserves to appear on your shelves. I will certainly recommend it to students and to colleagues.' Edward Anthony, Centre Européen de Recherche et d'Enseignement des Géosciences de l'Environnement, Aix-Marseille University; Editor-in-Chief of Marine GeologyReview of the First Edition: '… combines an accessible yet scholarly treatment of the underlying processes with a broad range of interesting case studies. … Introduction to Coastal Processes and Geomorphology would certainly be my current choice for a course text in this field.' Geological MagazinePraise for the First Edition: 'This excellent book is both well-written and illustrated … it will more than satisfy undergraduate coastal geomorphology students yet it is also clear and accessible enough to be of great use to students from a range of disciplines … one of the best coastal geomorphology texts available.' Jim Hansom, University of GlasgowTable of ContentsPart I. Introduction: 1. Introduction; 2. Coastal geomorphology; Part II. Coastal Processes: 3. Sea level; 4. Wind-generated waves; 5. Wave dynamics; 6. Surf zone circulation; 7. Coastal sediment transport; Part III. Coastal Systems: 8. Beach and nearshore systems; 9. Coastal sand dunes and Aeolian processes; 10. Barrier systems; 11. Saltmarshes and mangroves; 12. Coral reefs and atolls; 13. Cliffed and rocky coasts.

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Book SynopsisTectonic geomorphology is the study of the interplay between tectonic and surface processes that shape the landscape in regions of active deformation and at time scales ranging from days to millions of years. Over the past decade, recent advances in the quantification of both rates and the physical basis of tectonic and surface processes have underpinned an explosion of new research in the field of tectonic geomorphology. Modern tectonic geomorphology is an exceptionally integrative field that utilizes techniques and data derived from studies of geomorphology, seismology, geochronology, structure, geodesy, stratigraphy, meteorology and Quaternary science. While integrating new insights and highlighting controversies from the ten years of research since the 1st edition, this 2nd edition of Tectonic Geomorphology reviews the fundamentals of the subject, including the nature of faulting and folding, the creation and use of geomorphic markers for tracing deformTrade Review“Finally, it is worth mentioning that, unusually, this book comes with an electronic supplement readily available on the web that includes all figures, plates, and tables to be used in lectures by anyone, making this book a must-have for anyone teaching tectonic geomorphology or interested in this topic. Kodama intelligently summarizes achievements in the field of sedimentary paleomagnetism, where he also plays an important role.” (Pure Appl. Geophys, 1 January 2015) “In summary, Tectonic Geomorphology is a nicely written, finely illustrated, rich and, above all, thought provoking textbook. I believe it will be extremely useful not only for graduate students, but also for those more mature scientists who left school before the onset of what I consider the most exciting advancement in the Earth Sciences after Plate Tectonics.” (J Seismol, 1 March 2013) “This is an excellent second edition of Tectonic Geomorphology and is highly recommended to geologists and geomorphologists with an interest in neotectonics and landscape evolution.” (Geological Journal, 29 January 2014) “In summary, Tectonic Geomorphology is a well-thought-out and well-executed text that well serves teaching of the subject at graduate and upper levels, and it provides a valuable reference for practicing geologists.” (Environmental & Engineering Geoscience, 2 May 2013) “This is definitely a book worth taking a look at by any member; and one worth trying hard to come to terms with if aspects of this important subject really interest you.” (Open University Geological Society Journal, 1 November 2012) “Notwithstanding this, I strongly recommend to have ’Tectonic Geomorphology’ on one’s bookshelf. It will be of particular value to the young generation of geoscientists, wondering which research direction to go. They will get first-class food-for-thought.” (Geologos, 2012) Table of ContentsPreface to First Edition viii Preface to Second Edition xii 1 Introduction to tectonic geomorphology 1 2 Geomorphic markers 17 3 Establishing timing in the landscape: dating methods 45 4 Stress, faults, and folds 71 5 Short-term deformation: geodesy 117 6 Paleoseismology: ruptures and slip rates 147 7 Rates of erosion and uplift 195 8 Holocene deformation and landscape responses 243 9 Deformation and geomorphology at intermediate time scales 274 10 Tectonic geomorphology at late Cenozoic time scales 316 11 Numerical modeling of landscape evolution 370 References 412 Index 444

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Book SynopsisThis open access atlas is an up-to-date visual resource on the features and structures observed in soil thin sections, i.e. soil micromorphology. The book addresses the growing interest in soil micromorphology in the fields of soil science, earth science, archaeology and forensic science, and serves as a reference tool for researchers and students for fast learning and intuitive feature and structure recognition. The book is divided into six parts and contains hundreds of images and photomicrographs. Part one is devoted to the way to sample properly soils, the method of preparation of thin sections, the main tool of soil micromorphology (the microscope), and the approach of soil micromorphology as a scientific method. Part two focuses on the organisation of soil fragments and presents the concept of fabric. Part three addresses the basic components, e.g. rocks, minerals, organic compounds and anthropogenic features. Part four lists all the various types of pedogenic features observed in a soil, i.e. the imprint of pedogenesis. Part five gives interpretations of features associated with the main processes at work in soils and paleosols. Part six presents a view of what the future of soil micromorphology could be. Finally, the last part consists of the index and annexes, including the list of mineral formulas. This atlas will be of interest to researchers, academics, and students, who will find it a convenient tool for the self-teaching of soil micromorphology by using comparative photographs.Table of ContentsChapter 1. The multiscalar nature of soils.- Chapter 2. History of micromorphology.- Chapter 3. Observation and sampling of soils.- Chapter 4. How to make thin sections.- Chapter 5.The polarised light microscope.- Chapter 6. Other techniques of observation.- Chapter 7. Electron and energy imaging.- Chapter 8. Colours of minerals.- Chapter 9. The micromorphological approach.- Chapter 10. Concept of fabric.- Chapter 11. Multiscalar approach to fabric.- Chapter 12. Basic distribution patterns.- Chapter 13. c/f related distributions I.- Chapter 14. c/f related distributions II.- Chapter 15. Aggregates and aggregation.- Chapter 16. Degree of separation and accommodation of aggregates.- Chapter 17. The nature of voids.- Chapter 18. Morphology of voids I.- Chapter 19. The morphology of voids II.- Chapter 20. Microstructure I.- Chapter 21. Microstructure II.- Chapter 22. Mineral and organic constituents.- Chapter 23. Particle size and sorting.- Chapter 24. Shape of grains: equidimensionality.- Chapter 25. Shape of grains: roundness and sphericity.- Chapter 26. Basalt, granite, and gabbro.- Chapter 27. Schist, gneiss, and amphibolite.- Chapter 28. Quartzite and marble.- Chapter 29. Calcium-bearing sedimentary rocks.- Chapter 30. Sand and sandstone.- Chapter 31. Mineral grains in the soil I: quartz and chalcedony.- Chapter 32. Mineral grains in the soil II: feldspar and mica.- Chapter 33. Mineral grains in the soil III: inosilicates and nesosilicates.- Chapter 34. Mineral grains in the soil IV: carbonates.- Chapter 35. Mineral grains in the soil V: chlorides and sulfates.- Chapter 36. Biominerals I.- Chapter 37. Biominerals II.- Chapter 38. Biominerals III.- Chapter 39. Anthropogenic features I.- Chapter 40. Anthropogenic features II.- Chapter 41. Organic matter I.- Chapter 42. Organic matter II.- Chapter 43. Humus.- Chapter 44. Micromass.- Chapter 45. B-fabric I.- Chapter 46. B-fabric II.- Chapter 47. Imprints of pedogenesis.- Chapter 48. Iron- and manganese-bearing nodules.- Chapter 49. Carbonate nodules.- Chapter 50. Polygenetic nodules.- Chapter 51. Nodules: morphology and border shape.- Chapter 52. Nodules: orthic, anorthic, disorthic.- Chapter 53. Crystals and crystal intergrowths.- Chapter 54. Impregnations.- Chapter 55. Depletions.- Chapter 56. Coatings with clays I.- Chapter 57. Coatings with clays II.- Chapter 58. Micropans, coarse coatings, cappings, and crusts.- Chapter 59. Hypocoatings and quasicoatings: amorphous.- Chapter 60. Coatings and hypocoatings: crystalline.- Chapter 61. Mineral infillings.- Chapter 62. Mineral infillings of biological origin.- Chapter 63. Pedoturbations.- Chapter 64. Faecal pellets.- Chapter 65. Dung and vertebrate excrements.- Chapter 66. Composite pedogenic features.- Chapter 67. Uncommon features.- Chapter 68. Pedofeatures and soil processes.- Chapter 69. Clay dynamics I - Translocation.- Chapter 70. Clay dynamics II - Swelling.- Chapter 71. Water dynamics..- Chapter 72. Carbonate and gypsum dynamics.- Chapter 73. Processes involving iron oxyhydroxides.- Chapter 74. Biogeochemical processes I.- Chapter 75. Biogeochemical processes II.- Chapter 76. The future of soil micromorphology.- Chapter 77. Beyond the two dimensions.- Chapter 78. The prospect of chemical imaging

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Book SynopsisThe updated textbook is intended to serve as an advanced and detailed treatment of the evolution of the subject of stratigraphy from its disparate beginnings as separate studies of sedimentology, lithostratigraphy, chronostratigraphy, etc., into a modern integrated discipline in which all components are necessary. There is a historical introduction, which now includes information about the timeline of the evolution of the components of modern stratigraphy. The elements of the various components (facies analysis, sequence stratigraphy, mapping methods, chronostratigraphic methods, etc.) are outlined, and a chapter discussing the modern synthesis is included near the end of the book, which closes with a discussion of future research trends in the study of time as preserved in the stratigraphic record.Table of Contents

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Book SynopsisSpatial distribution and tectonic setting of volcanoes.- Elementary volcanic landforms i: lava flows, lava lakes, and lava domes.- Elementary landforms and processes II: From simple, terrestrial landforms to hydroclastic, glaciovolcanic and underwater landforms.- Polygenetic landforms I: Shield volcanoes.- Polygenetic landforms II Composite cones: from individual constructs to clusters.- Calderas and caldera complexes.- Short-term degradation of active volcanoes.- Long-term degradation of volcanoes.- The role of geomorphology in assessing volcanic hazards.- Case study 1 Volcanic and geomorphic controls on the 2021 eruption of Tajogaite volcano, La Palma.- Methods and techniques for studying volcanic landforms.

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Book SynopsisA complete and updated catalogue of impact craters and structures in South America from 2014 is presented here. Approximately eighty proven, suspected and disproven structures have been identified by several sources in this continent. All the impact sites of this large continent have been exhaustively reviewed: the proved ones, the possible ones and some very doubtful. Many sites remain without a clear geological "in situ" confirmation and some of them could be even rejected. Argentina and Brazil are leading the list containing almost everything detected. In Bolivia, Chile, Colombia, Guyana, Paraguay, Perú, Uruguay and Venezuela only a few were observed. Only Ecuador is waiting for new discoveries. So far, the largest well stated impact site is still the Araguainha structure in Brazil with its 40 kilometers in diameter. However, two possible impact structures are larger than Araguainha: Malvinas, (with 250 kilometers in diameter) and Vichada in Colombia, (50 kilometers). This study also reports the existence of some Tertiary-Quaternary glassy impactite layers: the "escorias" and "tierras cocidas" of the pampas in Argentina.Table of ContentsIntroduction.- Argentina.- Bolivia.- Brazil.- Chile.- Colombia.- Paraguay.- Perú.- Uruguay.- Venezuela.- The Guianas.- South Pacific Ocean.

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Book SynopsisCoastal, estuarine, fluvial and submarine morphodynamics encompass some of the leading processes shaping our planet. They stem mainly, but not only, from the interaction of water in motion and movable sediment boundaries, resulting in morphological changes produced by erosion, transport and deposition of sediments that generate a variety of landscapes and seascapes over time. Morphodynamics allows for a better understanding and interpretation of self adjustments in drainage basins, longitudinal river profiles and shorelines shapes, as well as characteristic features such as beach cusps, bed forms such as dunes, and channel patterns. This collection of about 150 contributions should be invaluable to wetland ecologists, fish biologists, engineers, geomorphologists, fluvial engineers, coastal scientists , as well as to scientists interested in processes responsible for earth-surface landscape evolution.

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Book SynopsisThis new book is a substantially updated and expanded edition based upon the successful and acclaimed Basic Environmental and Engineering Geology by the late Professor Fred Bell. It incorporates the changes that have occurred since and also addresses some aspects of the discipline that have developed a much higher profile over the past few decades. The book is underpinned by two fundamental premises: that environmental and engineering geology represents a single coherent discipline that has a broad remit; and it is a vocational subject and not an academic pursuit, that aims to provide the societal means for safe, economic, and environmentally sustainable planning and development. The early chapters underpin the discipline and deal with: geology and geochemistry; geomorphology; engineering soils and rocks; pedological soils; hydrology and hydrogeology. A thorough appraisal of the various stages of site investigation is followed by nine chapters on the application of environmental and engineering geology. These chapters cover a broad range and draw on case studies taken both from the authors own files and those published elsewhere. In all examples the aim is to illustrate the way case studies have improved our knowledge and developed the science of environmental and engineering geology. The final chapter addresses some of the new issues that environmental and engineering geologists are now facing that were not considered in the first edition, including climate change, renewable energy, geoconservation, geoforensics, and modern military applications. In addition, the requirement for skills that are beyond subject knowledge required by practitioners are introduced, such as project management, health & safety, and seeking professional recognition. An extensive list of additional reading is provided for each of the chapters in the book, allowing readers to explore the rich literature that underpins this fascinating and important subject.Table of ContentsIntroduction to environmental and engineering geology; Geology and geochemistry; Geomorphology; Engineering soils and rocks; Pedological soils; Hydrology and hydrogeology; Site investigation: initial stage (desk studies, field mapping, remote sensing, GIS, ground models); Site investigation main stage (geophysics, exploratory holes, testing and reporting); Land-use planning, hazards and risk management; Land capability, agriculture and soil erosion; Catastrophic geohazards and disasters; Pernicious non-catastrophic geohazards; Mining and the environment; Waste, contamination and brownfield sites; Water resources; Geomaterials; Construction; Emerging issues and professionalism

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Book Synopsis"Geomorphology for Engineers" presents a worldwide view of geomorphology for engineers and other professionals on the near-surface engineering problems associated with the various landscapes. This new and completely revised edition has additional chapters with an improved format and is broadly divided into three parts. Although geomorphological landforms and processes exert a strong influence on surface engineering works, comparatively little systematic information on geomorphology is available to engineers - until now! The first part is concerned with the major factors which control the materials, form and processes on the Earth's surfaces. The second part deals with the geomorphological processes which help shape land surfaces and influence their engineering characteristics and the final part covers environments and landscapes, including some specialist chapters. Each chapter is written by leading authorities on the subject and is both self-contained and referenced with other chapters as appropriate to make a balanced whole.Trade Review'Both engineers and geologists have very important roles, and both need to be aware of the impact that geomorphology has on their subject area. This volume goes a long way to fulfilling this requirement. ... the editorial team provides both broad and comprehensive knowledge of the subject area presented in this book, witnessed by the high calibre of chapter authors who come from all parts of the geo-world. ... it may seem an expensive volume, but considering the depth, coverage and detail contained within the volume, this must be considered excellent value for money. It is a must for all professionals in the geo-world, and the editors should be applauded for the book's comprehensive nature and clarity of presentation. And it is a must-have for any libraries who are serious in supporting any geo-professional, be they in working companies or in research institutions.' to be published in Geology Today 'This book will find its place on the close-in bookshelf of many geologists, engineers and physical geographers. Not as a text, but as a ready first reference to the myriad of ideas, formulas, and challenges of the emerging discipline of engineering geomorphology.' GeomorphologyTable of ContentsIntroduction. Part 1 - Geomorphological Controls: Climate and weathering; Sedimentology; Tectonics; Stratigraphy; The Quaternary; Engineering soils; Part II - Geomorphological Processes: Landslips; Neotectonics; Rivers; Soil erosion; Subsidence; Part III - Environments and landscapes: Glacial environments; Periglacial environments; Temperate environments; Hot drylands; Savanna; Hot wetlands; Mountains and highlands; Estuarine environments; Coasts: environments and landforms; Continental shelves; Volcanic landscapes; Soluble rock landscapes; Loess landscape; Chalk landscape; Urban geomorphology. Glossary. Appendices.

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Book SynopsisThis significant new book by foremost experts in the field will be the first that truly covers the topic of engineering geomorphology as a distinct discipline and, as such, will be of paramount importance to both practitioners and students. Engineering geomorphology is concerned with the evaluation of landform changes, especially the effects of construction on the environment, notably on the operation of surface processes and the risks from surface processes, whether current processes or the legacies of past processes. Engineering geomorphology provides practical support for engineering decision-making (project planning, investigation, design and construction) and engineering geomorphologists form an integrate part of the engineering or environmental team. Engineering geomorphology has developed in the last few decades to support a number of distinct areas of engineering, including river engineering, coastal engineering, and geotechnical engineering, where engineering geomorphology has complemented engineering geology and has proven to be valuable, especially for rapid site reconnaissance and slope stability studies.Geomorphology provides a spatial context for developing site models and explaining the distribution and characteristics of particular ground-related problems (e. g. landslides, permafrost or the presence of aggressive soils) and resources (e.g. sand and gravel). Engineering geomorphology can also be applied to agricultural engineering, primarily in the investigation and management of soil erosion problems. This book includes basic concepts that underpin efforts to explain the causes, mechanisms and consequences of landform change. It then considers how the land surface works in the context of wetland, flatland, hills, mountains, rivers and coasts; and the techniques that are available to the engineering geomorphologist in the field, in the laboratory, in the office and in the various forms of remote sensing. Each succinct chapter is packed with vital information, well-illustrated with diagrams and tables and fully referenced so that the detail of subject matter can be followed up.Trade Review'This is the handy source that brings together a wealth of basic data from a huge range of published and unpublished sources... it comes at a sensible price and it is tailored down and then expanded laterally to provide the basic facts that the engineer needs at work. ...great to pull off the shelf for a snapshot of available data and status quo in the huge field of geomorphology. This book really does belong on the office shelf, where it will soon become very well thumbed.' to be published in the Quarterly Journal of Engineering Geology and HydrologyTable of ContentsIntroduction. BASIC CONCEPTS: Energy Inputs and Geomorphological Activity. The Basics of Change: Stress, Strain and Strength. Earth Surface Systems. The Behaviour of Earth Surface Systems. SYSTEM CONTROLS: Geology; Engineering Soils; Mobile Sediments; Climate Variation; Sea-Level Change. The Nature of Change: Rates and Events. The Implications of Change: Hazards and Risks. Construction Resources: Aggregates. Engineering and Change: Environmental Impacts. SLOPES: The Supply of Water and Sediment; The Role of Water; Soil Erosion by Water; Wind Erosion and Deposition; Landslides; Landslide Hazard and Risk; Karst Terrain. RIVERS: The Drainage Basin; Water and Sediment Loads; Channel Form; Channel Change; Flooding; Flood Hazard and Risk; THE COAST: Energy Inputs; Sediment Cells and Budgets; Hazard and Risk Assessment; Estuaries, Mudflats and Saltmarshes; Deltas; Fringing Beaches; Barrier Beaches; Dunes; Cliffs. COMMON TECHNIQUES: Methods of Investigation. Desk Study and Initial Terrain Models. Geographical Information Systems. Satellite Imagery and Aerial Photographs. Historical Research. Terrain Evaluation. Geomorphological Mapping. Measurement and Monitoring of Change. Dating Methods. Uncertainty and Expert Judgement. Further Reading

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Book SynopsisThis work combines research results with review papers, discussing dykes from different scientific perspectives. Coverage includes: current dyke geometry measurements; field observation of host rock deformation; textural analyses; and geochemical and petrological studies of dyke swarms.

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Book SynopsisThis monograph attempts to unlock the mechanics of sedimentation, focusing on the production, accumulation and preservation of organic matter in marine and lacustrine sediments. The contributors cover a range of geological ages, as well as temperature and organic matter types.Table of ContentsContributors Acknowledgments Part I: Preliminaries 1. Introduction, by Jean K. Whelan and John W. Farrington 2. Reflections on the Career and Times of John M. Hunt, by Wallace G. Dow 3. Modeling Petroleum Generation in Sedimentary Basins, by John M. Hunt and R. J-C. Hennet Part II: Recent Sediments and Depositional Environments 4. Sources, Cycling, and Distribution of Water Column Particulate and Sedimentary Organic Matter in Northern Newfoundland Fjords and Bays: A Stable Isotope Study, by Nathaniel E. Ostrom and Stephen A. Macko 5. Organic Matter Accumulation, Remineralization, and Burial in an Anoxic Coastal Sediment, by C.S. Martens, Robert I. Haddad, and Jeffrey P. Chanton 6. Organic Carbon Remineralization and Preservation in Sediments of Skan Bay, Alaska, by Marc. J. Alperin, William S. Reeburgh, and Alan H. Devol 7. Preservation of Sargassum Under Anoxic Conditions: Molecular and Isotopic Evidence, by Mahlon c. Kennicutt II, Stephen A. Macko, H. Rodger Harvey, Robert R.Bidigare 8. Geochemical Features of Organic Matter in Sediment Cores from Lutzow-Holm Bay, Antarctica, by Genki I. Matsumoto, Eiji Matsumoto, Kiyotaka Sasaki, and Kunihiko Watanuki 9. Sedimentation and Preservation of Amino Compounds and Carbohydrates in Marine Sediments, by Jean K. Whelan and Kay-Christian Emeis 10. Hydrodynamic Controls of Anoxia in Shallow Lakes, by Paul W. Jewell Part III: Transition 11. Organic Carbon Accumulation and Preservation in Marine Sediments: How Important is Anoxia?, by Stephen E. Calvert and T.F. Pedersen 12. Early-Stage Incorporation of Sulfur Into Protokerogens and Possible Kerogen Precursors, by R.P. Philp, N. Suzuki, and A. Galvez-Sinibaldi 13. Bitumen Classification and Biomarker Correlation Studies Based on Organic Extracts from Neogene Gulf of California Sediments, by Paul A. Comet, J. McEvoy, and Mahlon C. Kennicutt II 14. Resolution of Sediment Hydrocarbon Sources: Multiparameter Approaches, by Mahlon C. Kennicutt II and Paul A. Comet 15. Biomarkers in Recent and Ancient Sediments: The Importance of the Diagenetic Continuum, by Simon C. Brassell 16. Natural Hydrous Pyrolysis: Petroleum Generation in Submarine Hhydrothermal Systems, by Bernd R.T. Simoneit 17. Stable Carbon Isotope Changes During the Maturation of Organic Matter, by Margarita E. Conkright and W.M. Sackett Part IV: Ancient Sediments 18. Source and Biomarker Composition Characteristics of Chinese Nonmarine Crude Oils, by Jiamo Fu and Guoying Sheng 19. Volatile Organic Compounds Associated with Oil Seepage Along the Northern Continental Slope of the Gulf of Mexico, by Thomas J. McDonald, Mahlon C. Kennicutt II, James M. Brooks, and Roger R. Fay 20. Maturity and Facies-Controlled Composition of the Organic Matter of Selected Oil Shales, by H. Wehner, H. Hufnagel, M. Teschner, and J. Koester 21. Organic Matter Response to Change of Depositional Environment in Kimmeridgian Shales, Dorset, U.K., by A.Y. Huc, E. Lallier-Verges, P. Bertrand, B. Carpentier, and D.J. Hollander 22. The Distribution and Generation of Hydrocarbons in Carbonate Source Rocks, by Kazuo Taguchi and Kazushi Mori Index

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Book SynopsisA thorough look at physical properties of soil erosion Soil erosion has been responsible for billions of dollars of damage during the past thirty years, in the United States alone. Soil Erosion provides complete coverage of the physical causes, processes, and effects of this environmental problem from its origins to planning for future conservation and remediation. This book focuses on the process of soil erosion and erosion-control principles independent of land use. Coverage includes the primary factors that influence soil erosion, various types of erosion, erosion-prediction technology, erosion measurements, erosion and sediment control, and conservation of the land. Practical material on erosion models is featured along with ways to use these models as erosion-control tools. Details of conservation planning and government policy are presented in a historical context, supported by examples of working public programs and technical tools for conservation planning. End-of-cTrade Review"...readable and accessible to those without detailed knowledge of the subject..." (European Jnl of Soil Science, Sep 2003)Table of ContentsPreface. Acknowledgments. 1. Introduction. Physical and Economic Significance of Erosion. Social Significance of Erosion. Soil-Erosion Research. Terminology of Erosion. Development of Landscapes: A Context for Erosion. Summary. Suggested Readings. 2. Primary Factors Influencing Soil Erosion. Water Erosion. Wind Erosion. Integrated Site Perspective. Summary. Suggested Readings. 3. Types of Erosion. Water Erosion. Wind Erosion. Links between Wind and Water Erosion. Mechanical Movement of Soil. Summary. Suggested Readings. 4. Erosion Processes. Basic Principles Common to Water and Wind Erosion. Water Erosion. Wind Erosion. Summary. Suggested Readings. 5. Erosion-Prediction Technology. Fundamentals of Erosion-Prediction Technology. Elements of Erosion-Model Mathematics. Types of Mathematical Erosion Models. Other Types of Erosion Models. Steps in Developing an Erosion Model. Choosing a Model. Sensitivity Analysis. Summary. Suggested Readings. 6. Erosion Measurement. Reasons to Measure Erosion. Types of Erosion Measurement. Erosion-Measurement Practices. Selected Measurement Techniques. Evaluation of Erosion Measurement. Summary. Suggested Readings. 7. Erosion and Sediment Control. Principles of Erosion and Sediment Control. Examples of Water-Erosion-Control Practices. Control of Concentrated-Flow Erosion. Sediment Control. Wind-Erosion Control. Summary. Suggested Readings. 8. Land Conservation. Public Conservation Programs. Conservation Planning. Technical Tools for Conservation Planning. Local Soil Conservation Planning for On-Site Erosion and Sediment Control. Conservation Planning by Governmental Units. Lessons from the U.S. Conservation Movement. Suggested Readings. 9. Perspectives and the Future. Essential Lessons. Future for Soil Conservation. Conclusions. Appendix A: Soils. Soil Properties. Sediment Properties. Sources of Information. Suggested Readings. Appendix B: Hydrology. Precipitation Process. Water Storage. Infiltration Process. Runoff Process. Evaporation and Transpiration Processes. Sources of Information. Suggested Readings. Appendix C: Soil Erosion Web Sites. References. Index.

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Book SynopsisDescribes the latest remote sensing technologies used to detect ice hazards in the marine environment; map surface currents, sea-state and surface winds; study ice dynamics, over ice transportation, oil spill countermeasures, climate changes and ice reconnaisance. Includes such technologies as acoustic sensing, ice-thickness measurement, passive microwave remote sensing, ground wave and surface-based radars.Table of ContentsProperties of Snow and Ice (E. Lewis, et al.). Acoustic and Seismic Sensing Techniques (D. Farmer & Y.Xie). Ice-Thickness Measurement (J. Rossiter & J. Holladay). Passive Microwave Systems (I. Rubinstein, et al.). Active Microwave Systems (R. Raney). Over-the-Horizon Radar (S. Srivastava & J. Walsh). Surface-Based Radar: Noncoherent (E. Lewis, et al.). Surface-Based Radar: Coherent (S. Haykin, et al.). Operational Airborne Radars (R. Lowry). Synthetic Aperture Radar Images of Sea Ice (C. Livingstone). RADARSAT and Operational Ice Information (R. Raney & J.Falkingham). Supplementary Topics and Future Diretions (S. Haykin & R.Raney). Index.

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a huge range and FREE tracked UK delivery on ALL orders.

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