Evolution / Evolutionary biology Books

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Book SynopsisAddresses major themes: including the history of evolution, evolutionary processes, adaptation, and evolution as an explanatory framework-at levels of biological organization ranging from genomes to ecological communities. Extensively revised for clarity and currency, this new edition of Evolution presents this field of evolution as a living, breathing science. Updated coverage in evolutionary genetics and genomics illustrates the rapidly moving science of evolution and emphasizes the interplay between theory and empirical tests of hypotheses, acquainting students with the process of science. Written for undergraduate students in Psychology and Biology, the text is available in a dynamic and interactive Enhanced eBook that allows student to hone their problem solving and data analysis skills while seeing Evolution in the context of their life through video, animations and more.Trade ReviewEvolution is good at providing a lot of empirical examples for each major concept, and I generally like the organization, particularly in the early units, where chapters build on each other in a good natural progression. * Jeremy Yoder, CSU Northridge *Very good combination of large-scale evolutionary trends and overview of our understanding of evolution of Homo sapiens. * Alyssa Bell, Cal Poly Pomona *Generally quite well-organized and clearly written. Important topics are generally covered to a level that I would feel is appropriate for students in my class. The examples are generally interesting and well-illustrated. * Rene Malenfant, University of New Brunswick *Very well written and is probably the best textbook on evolution on the market right now. Full of data, including recent findings. * Mark Sturtevant, Oakland University *Table of ContentsChapter 1: An Idea that Changed the World Chapter 2: The Tree of Life Chapter 3: Natural Selection and Adaptation Chapter 4: Mutation and Variation Chapter 5: The Genetical Theory of Natural Selection Chapter 6: Genetic Drift: Evolution at Random Chapter 7: Quantitative Traits Chapter 8: Evolution in Space Chapter 9: Species and Speciation Chapter 10: The Evolution of Genes and Genomes Chapter 11: Evolution and Development Chapter 12: All about Sex Chapter 13: Cooperation and Conflict Chapter 14: Evolutionary Ecology: How to be Fit Chapter 15: Interactions among Species Chapter 16: Phylogeny: The Unity and Diversity of Life Chapter 17: The History of Life Chapter 18: The Geography of Evolution Chapter 19: Macroevolution: Evolution above the Species Level Chapter 20: The Evolutionary Story of Homo sapiens Chapter 21: Evolution and Society Chapter 22: A Statistics Primer

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Book SynopsisSpecies evolve over time to become perfectly adapted to their environments, right?Well, sometimes.Consider that an elephant will not grow a seventh set of teeth, even though wearing down the sixth will condemn it to starvation; that hosts of the European cuckoo seem unable to tell that the overgrown monster in their nest is not their own chick; and that whales are fully aquatic mammals who, millions of years after first abandoning the land, still cannot breathe underwater.This book is about evolution, but not its greatest hits. Instead, it explores everything in the animal kingdom that is self-defeating, ill-made, uneconomical, or downright weird – and explains how natural selection has favoured it. In the grand struggle for survival, some surprising patterns emerge: animals are always slightly out-of-date; inefficiency tends to increase over time; predators usually lose, and parasites usually win. With equal parts humour and scientific insight, Andy Dobson is here to explain the how and why of evolution’s limits and liabilities.Trade Review‘A delightful exploration of the diversity of life and the shortcomings of evolution.’ Dave Goulson, author of A Sting in the Tale and Silent Earth‘A lively, entertaining and highly readable account of natural selection in all its quirky glory.’ Nessa Carey, author of The Epigenetics Revolution and Junk DNA‘A wonderful read – witty and profound, this book upends the usual way of thinking about evolution, instead highlighting the flaws, dead ends and downright nastiness that natural selection produces as it goes on its aimless and morally neutral way.’ E.J. Milner-Gulland, Tasso Leventis Professor of Biodiversity, University of Oxford

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Book SynopsisTable of ContentsList of Figures Preface Acknowledgments PART ONE: MYTH-BUSTING TOOL KIT 1 • Myths about Human Nature Are Powerful—and Misleading 2 • Culture: Problems with What We Believe about Being Human 3 • Evolution Matters 4 • Genetics Is Not What Most People Think PART TWO: BUSTING THREE MYTHS ABOUT BEING HUMAN Prelude • Human ≠ Nature + Nurture 5 • The Myth of Race 6 • Myths about Aggression 7 • Myths about Sex 8 • Beyond the Myths: Now What? 9 • Bust Myths and Counter Fake News for Yourself Notes Bibliography Index

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Book SynopsisTrade Review“[Boyer’s] incisive investigation of 'six problems in search of a new science'. . . integrates an impressive range of research and attendant insights. An elegant voice in a clamorous field.”—Nature“Boyer does construct an increasingly textured narrative throughout Minds Make Societies” — Sarah Lane Ritchie, Philosophy, Theology and the Sciences“Provides a precious introduction to the main discoveries generated by cognitive and evolutionary approaches to anthropology in the last few decades.”—Olivier Morin, Journal of the Royal Anthropological Institute“The most important work on a science of human culture in years.”—Leda Cosmides, University of California, Santa Barbara“Pascal Boyer has written a wide-ranging, clear, and convincing book. It is an essential reading for anyone who wants to better understand the workings of our social world.”—Hugo Mercier, co-author of The Enigma of Reason“Pascal Boyer’s elegant and insightful essays on human nature and human society show the power of combining anthropology, evolutionary theory, and cognitive psychology. I particularly like his balance and even-handedness in evaluating various contending social theories.”—Herbert Gintis, author of Individuality and Entanglement: The Moral and Material Bases of Social Life“Read Pascal Boyer’s cool and captivating new book Minds Make Societies. It will change forever your understanding of society and culture.”—Dan Sperber, co-author of The Enigma of Reason“Minds Make Societies is must-reading for those who are interested in what a new generation of scientists is discovering.”—John Tooby, Co-Director, Center for Evolutionary Psychology, University of California, Santa Barbara

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Book SynopsisTable of Contents1. The Myxomycetes: Introduction, Basic Biology, Life Cycles, Genetics, and Reproduction 2. The History of the Study of Myxomycetes 3. The Phylogeny of Myxomycetes 4. The Barcoding of Myxomycetes 5. Genomics and Gene Expression in Myxomycetes 6. Molecular Techniques and Current Research Approaches 7. Physiology and Biochemistry of Myxomycetes 8. Taxonomy and Systematics: Current Knowledge and Approaches on the Taxonomic Treatment of Myxomycetes 9. Ecology and Distribution of Myxomycetes 10. Biogeographical Patterns in Myxomycetes 11. Techniques for Recording and Isolating Myxomycetes 12. Integrated Biology of Physarum polycephalum: Ultrastructure, cell biology, cellular cognition and behavior of plasmodial networks 13. Uses, Applications and Disciplinary Integration using Myxomycetes 14. Myxomycetes in Education: The Use of These Organisms in Promoting Active and Engaged Learning

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Book SynopsisA timeless and majestic portrait of Africa by renowned writer Peter Matthiessen (1927-2014), author of the National Book Award-winning The Snow Leopard and the new novel In Paradise A finalist for the National Book Award when it was released in 1972, this vivid portrait of East Africa remains as fresh and revelatory now as on the day it was first published. Peter Matthiessen exquisitely combines nature and travel writing to portray the sights, scenes, and people he observed firsthand in several trips over the course of a dozen years. From the daily lives of wild herdsmen and the drama of predator kills to the field biologists investigating wild creatures and the anthropologists seeking humanity''s origins in the rift valley, The Tree Where Man Was Born is a classic of journalistic observation. This Penguin Classics edition features an introduction by groundbreaking British primatologist Jane Goodall.For more than seventy years, Penguin has been the leading publisher of classic literature in the English-speaking world. With more than 1,700 titles, Penguin Classics represents a global bookshelf of the best works throughout history and across genres and disciplines. Readers trust the series to provide authoritative texts enhanced by introductions and notes by distinguished scholars and contemporary authors, as well as up-to-date translations by award-winning translators.

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Book SynopsisDarwin''s theory that our ancestors were apes caused a furore in the scientific world and outside it when The Origin of Species was published in 1859. Arguments still rage about the implications of his evolutionary theory, and scepticism about the value of Darwin''s contribution to knowledge is widespread. In this analysis of Darwin''s major insights and arguments, Jonathan Howard reasserts the importance of Darwin''s work for the development of modern biology.ABOUT THE SERIES: The Very Short Introductions series from Oxford University Press contains hundreds of titles in almost every subject area. These pocket-sized books are the perfect way to get ahead in a new subject quickly. Our expert authors combine facts, analysis, perspective, new ideas, and enthusiasm to make interesting and challenging topics highly readable.Trade ReviewJonathan Howard has produced an intellectual tour de force, a classic in the genre of popular scientific exposition which will still be read in fifty years' time. * Times Literary Supplement *Table of ContentsList of Illustrations ; 1. Darwin's life ; 2. The foundations of Darwinism ; 3. Natural selection and the origin of species ; 4. The evidence for evolution by natural selection ; 5. Sex, variation, and heredity ; 6. Man ; 7. Perfection and progress ; 8. Darwinism and ideology ; 9. Darwin as a scientist: an evaluation ; Further Reading ; Index

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Book SynopsisIn this stimulating book, Goldsmith argues that biology has a great deal to say that should be of interest to social scientists, historians, philosophers, and humanists in general. He believes that anyone studying the social behaviour of humans must take into consideration both proximate cause - the physiology, biochemistry, and social mechanisms of behavior - and ultimate cause - how the behavior came to exist in evolutionary time. Goldsmith, a neurobiologist, draws examples from neurobiology, psychology, and ethology (behavioral evolution). The result is a work that overcomes mant of the misconceptions that have hindered the rich contributions the biological sciences have to offer concerning the evolution of human society, behavior, and sense of identity. Among the key topics addressed are the nature of biological explanation, the relationship between genes and behavior, those aspects of behavior most likely to respond to natural selection, the relationship between evolution and learning, and some probable modes of interaction between cultural and biological evolution. By re-examining the role of biological explanation in the domain of social development, the author has significantly advanced a more well-rounded view of human evolution and shed new light on the perennial question of what it means to be human. His book will appea to biologists, social scientists, traditional humanists, and interested general readers.Trade Review"The book is well-written and amasses considerable evidence in support of its thesis. ... He (Goldsmith) brings to his work not only familiarity with evolutionary theory but also his particular skills as a neurobiologist. So he is in a better than average position to make the connections between genetics, neurobiology and psychology as these affect behavior." -- New Ideas in Psychology "The strength of the book is. . .the succinct way in which Goldsmith explains many of the confusing and misunderstood elements of sociobiology." --Choice "An outstanding work reflecting careful synthesis and great explanatory power. A superb achievement that provides a succinct and readable overview of an extraordinarily broad and complex area."--Owen D. Jones, Professor of Law, Arizona State University "The book is well-written and amasses considerable evidence in support of its thesis. ... He (Goldsmith) brings to his work not only familiarity with evolutionary theory but also his particular skills as a neurobiologist. So he is in a better than average position to make the connections between genetics, neurobiology and psychology as these affect behavior." -- New Ideas in Psychology "The strength of the book is. . .the succinct way in which Goldsmith explains many of the confusing and misunderstood elements of sociobiology." --Choice "An outstanding work reflecting careful synthesis and great explanatory power. A superb achievement that provides a succinct and readable overview of an extraordinarily broad and complex area."--Owen D. Jones, Professor of Law, Arizona State UniversityTable of Contents1. The dual nature of causation in biology ; 2. Some fallacies and misconceptions ; 3. Evolutionary times since Darwin ; 4. Reasoning about ultimate causes of behavior ; 5. Getting from genes to behavior ; 6. Evolutionary perspectives on volition, learning, and language ; 7. Decisions, Decisions! ; 8. Culture, anthropology, and evolution ; Epilogue: Concerning "Biological Reductionism"

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Book SynopsisHumans are rather weak when compared with many other animals. We are not particular fast and have no natural weapons. Yet Homo sapiens currently number nearly 7.5 billion and are set to rise to nearly 10 billion by the middle of this century. We have influenced almost every part of the Earth system and as a consequence are changing the global environmental and evolutionary trajectory of the Earth. So how did we become the worlds apex predator and take over the planet? Fundamental to our success is our intelligence, not only individually but more importantly collectively. But why did evolution favour the brainy ape? Given the calorific cost of running our large brains, not to mention the difficulties posed for childbirth, this bizarre adaptation must have given our ancestors a considerable advantage. In this book Mark Maslin brings together the latest insights from hominin fossils and combines them with evidence of the changing landscape of the East African Rift Valley to show how all tTrade ReviewThis book offers far more than a palaeoanthropological cocktail with a twist ... In synthesising the most recent research in palaeoanthropology and giving the ecology of our ancestors a climatological twist, Maslin has produced a book that is fascinating, humbling and informative. * Adrian Barnett, New Scientist *Impressively in-depth and well-explained mix of encyclopaedic information... There is an amazing amount of information packed into this surprisingly slim book. * Chris Fitch, Geographical *Palaeoclimatologist Mark Maslin delves into deep time to trace humanity's rise to geological hegemony. Examining early hominin finds in East Africa, he spotlights three stages (bipedalism in Australophithecus, a jump in brain size in Homo erectus and Homo sapiens' arrival some 195,000 years ago) and the roles of climate change, celestial mechanics and plate tectonics in their emergence. Ultimately, he theorizes that 'climate pulses' in the Rift Valley, in which hyper-arid conditions alternated with the formation of vast lakes, helped to drive the evolution of the big hominin brain. * Nature *Anyone who reads The Cradle of Humanity will certainly be enlightened about this awe-inspiring journey. * Andrew Robinson, Current World Archaeology *Understanding the emergence of our species from the unique landscapes of East Africa is one of the great scientific challenges. Mark Maslin takes us on an exhilarating intellectual journey, encompassing geology, astronomy, climate science and evolutionary biology, to argue that the unique landscape and ever-changing climate of the East African Rift Valley were instrumental in catalysing the emergence of a civilisation on our planet. I'm left with a dizzying feeling of our good fortune to be here at all, and a powerful sense of our responsibility, as Maslin notes, to earn our species name: "Wise"." * Professor Brian Cox *As we confront rapid, major changes in the earth's climate today, it is imperative we understand how past climate change made us who we are. This fast-paced book vividly tells the story of how and why shifting environments have been driving human evolution ever since our earliest beginnings in Africa, and why those changes matter. * Daniel E Lieberman, Harvard University, author of Story of the Human Body: Evolution, Health and Disease *An interesting and novel take on the subject ... a superb and highly recommended book that convincingly argues how the happenstance conditions in East Africa shaped us and our forebears. * Leon Vlieger, NHBS *A powerful, gripping account of how the dynamic earth shaped human evolution... With impressive ease, Maslin packs a tremendous amount of knowledge into a flowing narrative, making the point that special conditions for a number of species of tropical apes on the African continent eventually turned out to be luck... A tour de force through Earth's history and a timely reminder of just how lucky we are to be here at all. * Peter C. Kjærgaard, Director and Professor, Natural History Museum of Denmark *In this tale of mountains, monsoons, and meteorites, climate and ocean currents, Maslin masterfully puts human evolution into context, and shows how the earth and its environments have shaped us. * Professor Alice Roberts, anthropologist, author, and broadcaster *Table of Contents1: In the Beginning 2: Early Human Evolution 3: Tectonic and Climate 4: Cradle of Humanity 5: Global Climate Change 6: Celestial Mechanics 7: African Climate Pulses 8: The Social Brain 9: Future of Humanity 10: The story so far Further Reading

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Book SynopsisHumans are rather weak when compared with many other animals. We are not particularly fast and have no natural weapons. Yet Homo sapiens currently number nearly 7.5 billion and are set to rise to nearly 10 billion by the middle of this century. We have influenced almost every part of the Earth system and as a consequence are changing the global environmental and evolutionary trajectory of the Earth. So how did we become the worlds apex predator and take over the planet? Fundamental to our success is our intelligence, not only individually but more importantly collectively. But why did evolution favour the brainy ape? Given the calorific cost of running our large brains, not to mention the difficulties posed for childbirth, this bizarre adaptation must have given our ancestors a considerable advantage. In this book Mark Maslin brings together the latest insights from hominin fossils and combines them with evidence of the changing landscape of the East African Rift Valley to show how all these factors led to selection pressures that favoured our ultrasocial brains. Astronomy, geology, climate, and landscape all had a part to play in making East Africa the cradle of humanity and allowing us to dominate the planet.Trade ReviewThis book offers far more than a palaeoanthropological cocktail with a twist ... In synthesising the most recent research in palaeoanthropology and giving the ecology of our ancestors a climatological twist, Maslin has produced a book that is fascinating, humbling and informative. * Adrian Barnett, New Scientist *Impressively in-depth and well-explained mix of encyclopaedic information... There is an amazing amount of information packed into this surprisingly slim book. * Chris Fitch, Geographical *Palaeoclimatologist Mark Maslin delves into deep time to trace humanity's rise to geological hegemony. Examining early hominin finds in East Africa, he spotlights three stages (bipedalism in Australophithecus, a jump in brain size in Homo erectus and Homo sapiens' arrival some 195,000 years ago) and the roles of climate change, celestial mechanics and plate tectonics in their emergence. Ultimately, he theorizes that 'climate pulses' in the Rift Valley, in which hyper-arid conditions alternated with the formation of vast lakes, helped to drive the evolution of the big hominin brain. * Nature *Anyone who reads The Cradle of Humanity will certainly be enlightened about this awe-inspiring journey. * Andrew Robinson, Current World Archaeology *Understanding the emergence of our species from the unique landscapes of East Africa is one of the great scientific challenges. Mark Maslin takes us on an exhilarating intellectual journey, encompassing geology, astronomy, climate science and evolutionary biology, to argue that the unique landscape and ever-changing climate of the East African Rift Valley were instrumental in catalysing the emergence of a civilisation on our planet. I'm left with a dizzying feeling of our good fortune to be here at all, and a powerful sense of our responsibility, as Maslin notes, to earn our species name: "Wise"." * Professor Brian Cox *As we confront rapid, major changes in the earth's climate today, it is imperative we understand how past climate change made us who we are. This fast-paced book vividly tells the story of how and why shifting environments have been driving human evolution ever since our earliest beginnings in Africa, and why those changes matter. * Daniel E Lieberman, Harvard University, author of Story of the Human Body: Evolution, Health and Disease *An interesting and novel take on the subject ... a superb and highly recommended book that convincingly argues how the happenstance conditions in East Africa shaped us and our forebears. * Leon Vlieger, NHBS *A powerful, gripping account of how the dynamic earth shaped human evolution... With impressive ease, Maslin packs a tremendous amount of knowledge into a flowing narrative, making the point that special conditions for a number of species of tropical apes on the African continent eventually turned out to be luck... A tour de force through Earth's history and a timely reminder of just how lucky we are to be here at all. * Peter C. Kjærgaard, Director and Professor, Natural History Museum of Denmark *In this tale of mountains, monsoons, and meteorites, climate and ocean currents, Maslin masterfully puts human evolution into context, and shows how the earth and its environments have shaped us. * Professor Alice Roberts, anthropologist, author, and broadcaster *Table of Contents1: Introduction2: Early Human Evolution3: Tectonics and Climate4: Cradle of Humanity5: Global Climate Change6: Celestial Mechanics7: African Climate Pulses8: The Social Brain9: The Future of HumanityFurther ReadingIndex

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Book SynopsisThe earth''s daily rotation affects just about every living creature. From dawn through to dusk, there are changes in light, temperature, humidity, and rainfall. However, these changes are regular, rhythmic and, therefore, predictable. Thus, the near 24 hour circadian rhythm is innate: a genetically programmed clock that essentially ticks of its own accord. This Very Short Introduction explains how organisms can know the time and reveals what we now understand of the nature and operation of chronobiological processes. Covering variables such as light, the metabolism, human health, and the seasons, Foster and Kreitzman illustrate how jet lag and shift work can impact on human well-being, and consider circadian rhythms alongside a wide range of disorders, from schizophrenia to obesity.ABOUT THE SERIES: The Very Short Introductions series from Oxford University Press contains hundreds of titles in almost every subject area. These pocket-sized books are the perfect way to get ahead in a new subject quickly. Our expert authors combine facts, analysis, perspective, new ideas, and enthusiasm to make interesting and challenging topics highly readable.Trade ReviewCircadian Rhythms is an ideal companion to Sleep, another excellent book in the same series and co-authored by Foster ... Foster and Kreitzman delve into the molecular biology that underlies the circadian rhythms, but they do so clearly and gradually. So even if you're not a biologist you'll be able to follow the discussions. * Mark Greener, Fortean Times *excellent * David Lorimer, Network Review *Table of Contents1: Introduction 2: How the clock works 3: Light and the clock 4: Synchronising the clock 5: Day/night cycle 6: Clocks and metabolism 7: Clocks and human health 8: The seasonal clock 9: Where did the clocks come from Further reading Index

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Book SynopsisAn Introduction to Molecular Evolution and Phylogenetics offers an engaging yet highly informative narrative to demonstrate how molecular data can be used to answer evolutionary questions.Trade ReviewEngaging and entertaining writing, with concepts clearly conveyed in a way accessible to less numerate students. It is by far one of the most enjoyable and interesting text books on evolutionary genetics I have read. * Simon Goodman, University of Leeds *Nothing else comes close in terms of completeness and accessibility to our students. Reading the text is almost like having a conversation. * Lawrence Mays, University of North Carolina at Charlotte *Table of Contents1. Introduction - The story in DNA ; 2. DNA - The immortal germline ; 3. Mutation - We are all mutants ; 4. Replication - Endless copies ; 5. Genome - Accident and design ; 6. Gene - Making an organism ; 7. Selection - Descent with modification ; 8. Drift - Chance and necessity ; 9. Species - Origin of species ; 10. Alignment - Same but different ; 11. Phylogeny - Tree of life ; 12. Hypotheses - Seeing the wood for the trees ; 13. Rates - Tempo and mode ; 14. Dates - Telling the time

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Book SynopsisThis is the first book to collate and synthesize the recent burgeoning primary research literature on dog behaviour, evolution, and cognition. The author presents a new ecological approach to the understanding of dog behaviour, demonstrating how dogs can be the subject of rigorous and productive scientific study without the need to confine them to a laboratory environment.This second, fully updated edition of Dog Behaviour, Evolution and Cognition starts with an overview of the conceptual and methodological issues associated with the study of the dog, followed by a brief description of their role in human society. An evolutionary perspective is then introduced with a summary of current research into the process of domestication. The central part of the book is devoted to issues relating to the cognitive aspects of behaviour which have received particular attention in recent years from both psychologists and ethologists. The book''s final chapters introduce the reader to many novel approaches to dog behaviour, set in the context of behavioural development and genetics. This second edition recognises and discusses the fact that dogs are increasingly being used as model organisms for studying aspects of human biology, such as genetic diseases and ageing. Specific attention is also given in this edition to attachment behaviour which emerges between humans and dogs, the importance of inter-specific communication in the success of dogs in human communities and the broad aspects of social cognition and how this may contribute to human-dog cooperationDirections for future research are highlighted throughout the text which also incorporates links to human and primate research by drawing on homologies and analogies in both evolution and behaviour. The book will therefore be of relevance and use to anyone with an interest in behavioural ecology including graduate students of animal behaviour and cognition, as well as a more general audience of dog enthusiasts, biologists, psychologists, veterinarians, and sociologists.Trade ReviewThis book combines knowledge on dog behavior, cognition, evolution and even covers some societal aspects. As such, it should find an honorable place in the bookshelves of diverse reader audiences, from researchers interested in specific questions in animal cognition to deeply interested pet owners. * Dr. Kristina Noreikiene, Estonian University of Life Sciences, ISBE Newsletter *A must read for anyone with an interest in the history and recent advances of scientific research into companion animals, from veterinarians and behavioural practitioners to students of animal cognition and behaviour. * Victoria Ratcliffe and David Reby, Animal Behaviour *This is the first book to collate and synthesize the recent burgeoning primary research literature on dog behaviour, evolution, and cognition. ... I highly recommend it for all people interested in the behavior of dogs and some of their wild relatives. ... Each time I go to it I'm amazed by its breadth and the care with which Dr. Miklosi covers numerous diverse topics. * Marc Bekoff, Psychology Today *Table of Contents1: Dogs in historical perspective 2: Concepts in the study of dog behaviour 3: Methodological issues in the behavioural study of the dog 4: Dogs in anthropogenic environments: family and society 5: Comparative overview of Canis 6: The story of domestication: Archaeological and phylogenetic evidence 7: The emergence of phenotypic novelty 8: Intra-specific social organization in dogs and related forms 9: The perceptual world of the dog 10: Physical-ecological problem solving 11: Affiliative and agonistic social relationships 12: Communication, play and collaboration 13: Social learning and social problem solving 14: Change of behaviour in time: From birth to death 15: The organisation of individual behaviour 16: The genetic contribution to behaviour

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Book SynopsisOver 7 billion people depend on plants for healthy, productive, secure lives, but few of us stop to consider the origin of the plant kingdom that turned the world green and made our lives possible. And as the human population continues to escalate, our survival depends on how we treat the plant kingdom and the soils that sustain it. Understanding the evolutionary history of our land floras, the story of how plant life emerged from water and conquered the continents to dominate the planet, is fundamental to our own existence. In Making Eden David Beerling reveals the hidden history of Earth''s sun-shot greenery, and considers its future prospects as we farm the planet to feed the world. Describing the early plant pioneers and their close, symbiotic relationship with fungi, he examines the central role plants play in both ecosystems and the regulation of climate. As threats to plant biodiversity mount today, Beerling discusses the resultant implications for food security and climate change, and how these can be avoided. Drawing on the latest exciting scientific findings, including Beerling''s own field work in the UK, North America, and New Zealand, and his experimental research programmes over the past decade, this is an exciting new take on how plants greened the continents.Trade ReviewBeerling asks the reader to imagine a world without plants as a starting point to the 450 or so million-year journey that unfolds through the pages. This is his manifesto for botany and he is a good advocate for the field. * Jennifer McElwain, Current Biology Magazine *Few authors have attempted a summary of early plant evolution for a general audience... Beerling is a fount of information. * Jason Fridley, Syracuse University, The Quarterly Review of Biology *Scholarly, highly readable and passionate account ... This book is a call-to-arms: cutting-edge plant science in an environmental context. * Phil Gates, BBC Wildlife *[A] wonderful study ... A vivid corrective to deep-rooted zoo-chauvinism in thinking about life on Earth. * Barbara Kiser, Nature *David Beerling demonstrates his proficiency in all things green by exploring facets of the colonisation of land by plants in times long past. * Daniel Bojar, The Biologist *Subtitled 'how plants transformed a barren planet' this fascinating book describes the rise and diversification of plant life originating in a certain type of algae and gradually colonising the land, leading eventually to large forests that impacted the climate through feedback mechanisms. * Paradigm Explorer *Relatively complex subjects within the field of planet genetics are presented in detail, yet in an accessible writing style that should appeal to non-specialists... Thoroughly researched, content-heavy, and scattered with anecdotes and examples from Beerling's own career ... an informative and highly relevant read. * David Vaughan, Geoscientist *Making Eden is an amazing story that is very well told by David Beerling. It should be on the reading list of every course in plant biology. It should also be essential reading for all those in positions of influence regarding current and future agriculture and environmental policies. * Nigel Chaffey, Botany One *David Beerling takes the reader through the latest scientific advances with both deep knowledge and skilful writing. Plants have shaped the rest of the biological world. He explains why, far from being a nineteenth century science, Beerling explains why botany should lie at the centre of debates about how we deal with the future of the biosphere. * Richard Fortey *Beerling shows us that plants made our planet habitable, and that the fates of people and plants are inextricably intertwined. Against this billion-year backdrop we should think carefully about whether hubris or humility is the better guide for navigating an uncertain planetary future. * Sir Peter Crane, author of Ginkgo: The Tree that Time Forgot *'Making Eden' is a sweeping history of plant evolution that demonstrates both the development and fragility of plant life. Sound and alluring, it exposes readers to phenomena like the remarkable complexity of plants, the genetic commonality that enables an incredible variety of flowers, and the fascinating biological secret behind the resilience of redwood trees that flourish despite their immense size. * Barry Silverstein, Foreword Reviews *This book does exactly what David Beerling promises in the sub-title - it explains with clarity and passion the extraordinary story of how plants escaped from their ancestral marine habitats and came to dominate terrestrial ecosystems. He also brings to life vividly the huge impact this has had, and continues to have, on all life on earth (including our own) and how we, Homo sapiens, are now threatening our own future existence by the damage we are inflicting on earth's increasingly degraded and fragile ecosystems. * Richard Deverell, Director of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew *Table of ContentsPreface Acknowledgements Illustrations and plates 1: All flesh is grass 2: Fifty shades of green 3: Genomes decoded 4: Ancient genes, new plants 5: Gas valves 6: Ancestral alliances 7: Sculpting climate 8: Eden under siege Further reading Index

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Book SynopsisFor millions of years reptiles have walked, crawled, and slithered over the face of our Earth. From the mighty dinosaurs who dominated the land, the pterosaurs who took to the air, and the marine adapted ichthyosaurs, to the living reptiles today such as the lizards, snakes, crocodiles, and turtles, plus the single species of tuatara in New Zealand, reptiles have come in all shapes and sizes. In this Very Short Introduction Tom Kemp discusses the adaptations reptiles made to first leave the sea and colonise the land in dry conditions, such as their waterproof skin, their ability to expel almost dry waste products, their efficient use of external heat for maintaining their body temperature, and the amniotic egg that is laid and develops on dry land. Considering the different living groups of reptiles today, Kemp then describes how their respective bodies are adapted for their different ways of life, from snake feeding patterns to the way crocodiles breathe. Finally, Kemp assesses the threat of extinction to reptile species due to over-exploitation, habitat destruction, and climate change, and considers what can be done.ABOUT THE SERIES: The Very Short Introductions series from Oxford University Press contains hundreds of titles in almost every subject area. These pocket-sized books are the perfect way to get ahead in a new subject quickly. Our expert authors combine facts, analysis, perspective, new ideas, and enthusiasm to make interesting and challenging topics highly readable.Trade ReviewReptiles are more than the 'abhorrent, cold-bodied animals' of classical myth, but 10,000 species of successful animals. Tom Kemp outlines all the key aspects of the biology of lizards, snakes, turtles, and crocodiles, and traces their evolution, all illustrated by intriguing anecdotes * Professor Michael Benton *Table of ContentsIntroduction 1: What is a reptile? 2: The history of reptiles 3: Lizards 4: Snakes 5: Crocodiles 6: Turtles 7: Reptile conservation Further reading Index

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Book SynopsisMost people are familiar with the dodo and the dinosaur, but extinction has occurred throughout the history of life, with the result that nearly all the species that have ever existed are now extinct. Today, species are disappearing at an ever increasing rate, whilst past losses have occurred during several great crises. Issues such as habitat destruction, conservation, climate change, and, during major crises, volacanism and meteorite impact, can all contribute towards the demise of a group. In this Very Short Introduction, Paul B. Wignall looks at the causes and nature of extinctions, past and present, and the factors that can make a species vulnerable. Summarising what we know about all of the major and minor exctinction events, he examines some of the greatest debates in modern science, such as the relative role of climate and humans in the death of the Pleistocene megafauna, including mammoths and giant ground sloths, and the roles that global warming, ocean acidification, and deforestation are playing in present-day extinctionsABOUT THE SERIES: The Very Short Introductions series from Oxford University Press contains hundreds of titles in almost every subject area. These pocket-sized books are the perfect way to get ahead in a new subject quickly. Our expert authors combine facts, analysis, perspective, new ideas, and enthusiasm to make interesting and challenging topics highly readable.Trade ReviewBy covering a currently hot topic, this book will capture the interest of students, researchers, and nonprofessionals alike. * Conservation Biology *This book will capture the interest of students, researchers, and nonprofessionals alike * Conservation Biology *Extinction is a pressing societal and political problem, but we must get the science right. In this excellent book, Paul Wignall draws on a broad range of recent studies on the great mass extinctions of the past and the present biodiversity crisis to provide the evidence that will inform the debate. * Michael J. Benton, Professor of Vertebrate Palaeontology, University of Bristol *Table of ContentsIntroduction 1: Causes of extinction 2: Modern extinction and conservation 3: Extinction in the fossil record 4: Mass extinctions 5: Causes of mass extinctions 6: Ice Age extinctions and man Further reading Index

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Book SynopsisWritten primarily for 16-19 year old students, this concise introduction to evolution traces the history of the emergence of life, contextualising the development of evolutionary thought and discussing the implications of evolutionary processes on modern-day genomics, biochemistry and ecology. The primer aims to extend students'' knowledge and inspire them to take their school-level learning further. It explores topics that are familiar from the curriculum and also introduces new ideas, giving students a first taste of the study of biology beyond school-level and demonstrating how concepts frequently encountered at school are relevant to and applied in current research. This is the ideal text to support students who are considering making the transition from studying biology at school to university.Digital formats and resourcesThe book is available for students and institutions to purchase in a variety of formats, and is supported by online resources: The e-book offers a mobile experieTable of Contents1. Introducing evolution 2. The birth and death of species 3. What's the evidence? 4. The evolution of the theory 5. Human evolution 6. The human story so far

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Book SynopsisOrigins of Biodiversity is a unique introduction to the fields of macroevolution and macroecology, which explores the evolution and distribution of biodiversity across time, space and lineages. Using an enquiry-led framework to encourage active learning and critical thinking, each chapter is based around a case-study to explore concepts and research methods from contemporary macroevolution and macroecology.The book focuses on the process of science as much as the biology itself, to help students acquire the research skills and intellectual tools they need to understand and investigate the biological world around them. In particular, the emphasis on hypothesis testing encourages students to develop and test their own ideas.This text builds upon the foundations offered in most general introductory evolutionary biology courses to introduce an exciting range of ideas and research tools for investigating patterns of biodiversity.Trade ReviewAn exceptionally well-written textbook on large-scale evolution and ecology, which engages students by using a problem-based approach to recent controversies and debates. * Dr Peter Bennett, University of Kent *The treatment of the topics is authoritative and up-to-date, and it is certainly written with modern undergraduates in mind. * Prof Arne Mooers, Simon Fraser University *This book is well-placed to invigorate the fields of macroevolution and macroecology by filling a gap that will open up the subject to the next generation of budding young scientists. * Dr Kevin Arbuckle, Swansea University *This book succeeds in being a different sort of textbook: one which helps the students to understand science better by helping them understand the process of knowledge creation. * Dr Richard Field, University of Nottingham *Table of Contents1: What is macroevolution? What is macroecology?2: How did evolution get started?3: Does evolution favour increased size and complexity?4: What caused the explosion of animal evolution in the Cambrian?5: Were dinosaurs evolutionary failures?6: Was the diversification of mammals due to luck?7: Is sex good for survival?8: Why are most species small?9: Why are there so many kinds of beetles?10: Why are there so many species in the tropics?11: What is the future of biodiversity?

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Book SynopsisA new updated edition of the first integrated and comprehensive textbook to explain the principles of evolutionary biology from a medical perspective and to focus on how medicine and public health might utilise evolutionary biology.Trade ReviewThis volume will appeal to a broad readership of students and faculty in a variety of disciplines ... I recommend this book highly as a clear and accessible introduction to the growing field of evolution, medicine, and public health. * Robert Perlman, The Quarterly Review of Biology *Table of ContentsPART 1: FUNDAMENTALS OF EVOLUTIONARY BIOLOGY; PART 2: EVOLUTION IN HEALTH AND DISEASE

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Book SynopsisThe eye is one of the most remarkable achievements of evolution, and has evolved up to 40 times in different parts of the animal kingdom. In humans, vision is the most important sense, and much of the brain is given over to the processing of visual information. In this Very Short Introduction, Michael Land describes the evolution of vision and the variety of eyes found in both humans and animals. He explores the evolution of colour vision in primates and the workings of the human eye, to consider how that contributes to our visual ability. He explains how we see in three dimensions and the basic principles of visual perception, including our impressive capacity for pattern recognition and the ability of vision to guide action.ABOUT THE SERIES: The Very Short Introductions series from Oxford University Press contains hundreds of titles in almost every subject area. These pocket-sized books are the perfect way to get ahead in a new subject quickly. Our expert authors combine facts, analysis, perspective, new ideas, and enthusiasm to make interesting and challenging topics highly readable.Trade ReviewFor anyone who would like to know more about the workings of the eye and how the brain interprets images, this book is an excellent introductory text. * Amanda Hardy, The Biologist *very informative read * The Biologist *Table of Contents1. The first eyes ; 2. Making better eyes ; 3. The human eye ; 4. The moving eye ; 5. The third dimension ; 6. Colour ; 7. Seeing and the brain ; References and further reading

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Book SynopsisThis is the compelling story of the two biggest events in the evolution of ideas: the revolutions of Galileo and Darwin. Mark Brake captures the adventure and excitement of these two scientists in this is a timely examination of the ways in which faith and science clash, and how the battle for 'truth' is a perennial one.Trade Review"Fascinating. Mark Brake takes a story about the political manipulation of the scientific ideasof Greek natural philosophers by the established church across two millennia and with a facility and style rare among scientists and an acute understanding of the human condition breathes life into the entire fabric. A compelling, thought provoking and inventive narrative." - Roy Davies, author of The Darwin Conspiracy: Origins of a Scientific CrimeTable of ContentsIntroduction PART I: WISDOM OF THE ANCIENTS Greek Sky: The World Before the Telescope Heaven and Earth The Darkness Rising PART II: THE GATHERING STORM The Medieval Sky The Great Chain of Being PART III: THE REVOLUTIONS: THE WEAPONS OF DISCOVERY The Telescope and Galileo Evolution and Darwin PART IV: THE AFTERMATH: WORLD TURNED UPSIDE DOWN The 'Galileo' Aftermath The 'Darwin' Aftermath PART V: THE PRESTIGE The Kudos

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Book SynopsisFollow the story of evolution! The illustrated children''s book is a beautiful introduction to the evolution of species over millions of years.What''s made animals survive and naturally go extinct? Why are fish scaled? Why do birds have wings? Find out about the changing animal anatomy discoveries made by Swedish zoologist, Charles Linneas.Animals and evolution are fascinating subjects to teach little minds. Discover the ways that animals have adapted to survive and the amazing reasons behind these adaptations. The illustrated guide includes:- Perfect for kids ages 7+, with facts suitable for key stage 2 learning - Stunning illustrations available on every page- Many different animal features (such as eyes, scales, claws, hair and many more), as well as feature, spreads on topics like fast evolution- Highly accessible text of a key schooling subject Children ages 7 years and older will be delighted by the scientific facts in

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Book SynopsisCreation by Adam Rutherford tells the entire spellbinding story of life in two gripping narratives.''Prepare to be astounded. There are moments when this book is so gripping it reads like a thriller'' Mail on SundayThe Origin of Life is a four-billion-year detective story that uses the latest science to explain what life is and where it first came from, offering answers to the very grandest of questions before arriving at a thrilling solution.''A superbly written explanation'' Brian CoxThis same science has led to a technological revolution: the ability to create entirely new life forms within the lab, known as synthetic biology. The Future of Life introduces these remarkable innovations, explains how they work, and presents a powerful argument for their benefit to humankind.''The reader''s sense of awe at the well-nigh inconceivable nature of nature is suitably awakened. The extraordinary scienceTrade ReviewPrepare to be astounded. There are moments when this book is so gripping it reads like a thriller * Mail on Sunday *One of the most eloquent and genuinely thoughtful books on science over the past decade. You will not find a better, more balanced or up-to-date take on the origin of life or synthetic biology. Essential reading for anyone interested in the coming revolution, which could indeed rival the Industrial Revolution or the internet * Observer *Fascinating. The reader's sense of awe at the well-nigh inconceivable nature of nature is suitably awakened. The extraordinary science and Rutherford's argument are worth every reader's scrutiny * Sunday Telegraph *The perfect primer on the past and future of DNA * Guardian *

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Book SynopsisTrade Review'I find myself at a loss for how to describe this remarkable work. Just as Karl has, through his laboratory, reimagined, and literally redefined how we view the human brain, he has reimagined and redefined what literary non-fiction can be, with great elegance. For all of us who write about science for the public, this will be a tough act to follow. It's poetic, mind-stretching, and through it all, deeply human' -- Daniel Levitin'Revelatory ... it recalls the case histories of Oliver Sacks, at times the sweep of Yuval Harari's Sapiens. He writes with an evident love of words - but also, with a lucid line of scientific enquiry' -- Richard Godwin * Guardian *'There are some books that you read and forget. There are others that you read and think about occasionally. Then there are rare gems like Connections that you read, read again and find that the way you think has been irreversibly changed. Incredibly powerful' -- Sue Black, author of All That Remains'Karl Deisseroth is a master storyteller. Armed with an abundance of compassion and curiosity, he takes us on a spellbinding tour of the mysteries of the human mind through a series of fascinating case studies. His graceful prose weaves a tapestry of complex ideas into memorable stories, each illuminated by cutting-edge science. A delight from the opening paragraph to the stunning conclusion, this book is an invitation to reverence for the complexity of the human brain and its relationship to the mind: a ticket to a state of wonder at the essence of our selves' -- Kathryn Mannix, author of With the End in Mind'Deisseroth is a talented writer ... It is in his encounters with distressed patients that his talent for marrying science and the imagination becomes most apparent and that his writing comes truly alive. Connections warrants comparison with books such as Do No Harm by Henry Marsh and Brainstorm by Suzanne Sullivan . . . Deisseroth achieves the difficult feat of moving and enlightening the reader at the same time ... [this is] a book that is beautiful to read and packed with cutting edge science' -- Mark Honigsbaum * Observer *'This hybrid memoir, by an emergency-room psychiatrist and professor of psychiatry and bioengineering, probes the evolutionary origins of human emotions' * New Yorker *'Essential...tinged with a profound humility built over years of interactions with patients... this is big' * Psychology Today *'Deisseroth is a genuine pioneer, whose prize-winning research is re-defining our understanding of the brain... a stunning work from a relatively young man set on revealing the threads connecting our most pressing personal concerns with our timeless biological inheritance... Deisseroth has the imagination and literary gift to make it speak to all of us' * Literary Review *'Karl Deisseroth's imaginative narrative flows effortlessly... There is a first love of reading and writing and hints of a literary imagination that draws on James Joyce and Toni Morrison... Deisseroth endeavors to find an emotive language for the psychiatric patients he meets. He accomplishes this by weaving together... psychiatric knowledge, technology, and imagination. These together free him to write poetically... His narratives are always sensitive... an admixture of fact and fiction, reality and imagination, damage and desire' * Science *'[Deisseroth's] scintillating and moving analysis of the human brain and emotions, based on observations of his patients, proves he is not exaggerating. It is also a great read' * Nature *'I've known Karl as a colleague, a scientist whose discoveries in the lab have been breathtaking and revolutionary. Maybe I shouldn't be surprised to discover he's also a stunning writer, his words guiding us to a profound understanding of the nature of human emotions, seamlessly invoking Ovid and optogenetics, Borges and basal ganglia as he takes on this journey. Projections is a tour de force' -- Abraham Verghese, author of Cutting for Stone'Karl Deisseroth intertwines neuroscience and human stories in a way that is altogether new: technical, lyrical, and deeply compassionate all at once. Through sharing what he's learned as a groundbreaking scientist and a psychiatrist caring for patients with severe illness, he reveals glimmer of what makes us human. This is a crucial book for anyone who loves science, anyone who loves someone suffering from a disorder of the brain, or anyone who, like so many of us, loves both' -- Lucy Kalanithi'The writing in this exploration of what causes human emotion at a cellular level is extraordinarily good, inviting comparisons with the work of Oliver Sacks and Henry Marsh' (Editor's Choice) * Bookseller *'Deisseroth, professor of psychiatry at Stanford University, melds the personal with the clinical in his masterful debut on how the human mind works and what can be learned when it goes awry ... writing with abundant empathy, Deisseroth brings his patients' struggles to life as he educates about both neuroscience and humanity. This is a must-read' * Publishers Weekly *'Unique and utterly riveting, Projections braids together three skeins from Karl Deisseroth's life: his painstaking clinical experience as a psychiatrist, dedicated to helping patients; his ingenious inventions in biotechnology that have ushered in waves of new insights into how brains work; and his life as a humble and caring social human being with a gift for crafting a spellbinding chronicle. This is a masterpiece written for each and every one of us' -- Patricia Churchland, author of Conscience'Karl Deisseroth is already known around the world as a groundbreaking scientist who has pioneered dazzling new techniques for investigating the brain. In this enthralling masterpiece of a book, he demonstrates that he is also a perceptive psychiatrist, as well as a spellbinding writer who beautifully connects the inner feelings within all human beings to deep insights from modern psychiatry and neuroscience' -- Robert Lefkowitz, Nobel Laureate and author of A Funny Thing Happened on the Way to Stockholm'We are living during a revolution in our understanding of the human brain, and Karl Deisseroth has been at the forefront of these advances. This magisterial work shows that not only is he one of our leading scientists, but also a gifted writer and storyteller. With precise yet luminous prose, he merges stories of cutting-edge neuroscience with a deep reverence for his patients' humanity' -- Neil Shubin, author of Some Assembly Required'Deisseroth writes of heartbreaking and desperate medical cases with a doctor's knowledge, and a novelist's skill for narrative. I could not put this book down' -- May-Britt Moser, Nobel Laureate

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Book SynopsisThis book is an extended argument for abandoning the species rank. Instead, the author proposes that the rank of species be replaced by a pluralistic and multi-level view. In such a view, all clades including the smallest identifiable one would be named and studied within a phylogenetic context. What are currently called species represent different sorts of things depending on the sort of organisms and processes being considered. This is already the case, but is not formally recognized by those scientists using the species rank in their work. Adopting a rankless taxonomy at all levels would enhance academic studies of evolution and ecology and yield practical benefits in areas of public concern such as conservation. The Open Access version of this book, available at http://www.taylorfrancis.com/books/e/9781498714549, has been made available under a Creative Commons Attribution-Non Commercial license.KEY FEATURES Proposes the replacement of restTable of ContentsAuthor. Introduction. What Should the Species Level Represent within the Current Ranked Codes of Nomenclature? The Need for Pluralism Because of Different Biologies in Different Taxa. A Phylogenetic Species Concept. What Should Happen to Taxa at the Traditional Species Level under a Rankless Code of Nomenclature? General Principles of Rankless Classification Extended to the Species Rank. Discussion: What Would the World Be Like without the Species Rank?. Endnotes. Index .

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Book SynopsisHailed as "superior" by Nature, this landmark volume is available in a collectible, boxed edition.Trade Review"...will bring the wonders of Darwin to a wide audience. [Darwin] was not only great in his time, but if anything he is even greater today." John Tyler Bonner, The Times Literary Supplement "Anyone who wishes to start the new year with a real intellectual feast will buy the four 'great books' of Darwin, published in one volume by W.W. Norton." A.N. Wilson, The Daily Telegraph

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Book SynopsisFrom a leading computer scientist, a unifying theory that will revolutionize our understanding of how life evolves and learns. How does life prosper in a complex and erratic world? While we know that nature follows patterns -- such as the law of gravity -- our everyday lives are beyond what known science can predict. We nevertheless muddle through even in the absence of theories of how to act. But how do we do it? In Probably Approximately Correct, computer scientist Leslie Valiant presents a masterful synthesis of learning and evolution to show how both individually and collectively we not only survive, but prosper in a world as complex as our own. The key is probably approximately correct algorithms, a concept Valiant developed to explain how effective behavior can be learned. The model shows that pragmatically coping with a problem can provide a satisfactory solution in the absence of any theory of the problem. After all, finding a mate does not require a theory of mating. Valiant''s theory reveals the shared computational nature of evolution and learning, and sheds light on perennial questions such as nature versus nurture and the limits of artificial intelligence. Offering a powerful and elegant model that encompasses life''s complexity, Probably Approximately Correct has profound implications for how we think about behavior, cognition, biological evolution, and the possibilities and limits of human and machine intelligence.Table of Contents1. Ecorithms 2. Prediction and Adaptation 3. The Computable 4. Mechanistic Explanations of Nature 5. The Learnable 6. The Evolvable 7. The Deducible 8. Humans as Ecorithms 9. Machines as Ecorithms 10. Questions

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Book SynopsisTaking us on an incredible journey across centuries and galaxies, accompanied by his characteristic wit, Professor Luke O'Neill explains how it all began, how it all will end and everything in between. Readers will benefit from Luke's insatiable curiosity for life when they dive into this ultimate journey through life and death.Among many fascinating facts, you'll discover the science behind how we got to be so smart, why sex with a caveman was a good idea, the science of finding love, why we follow religions, and how robots will become part of everyday life. Humanology is a humbling reminder that we're just a small speck in a big universe so sit back and embrace the adventure.A man who can explain 4.2 billion years of life on Earth and make me laugh at the same time sheer genius.' Pat Kenny, Newstalk

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Book SynopsisIn the final decades of the twentieth century, the advent of evolutionary developmental biology (evo-devo) offered a revolutionary new perspective that transformed the classical neo-Darwinian, gene-centered study of evolution.

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Book SynopsisHuman beings have an evolved but highly adaptable nature. This book sets out to establish a new framework for understanding human nature, from an evolutionary perspective but drawing on existing social sciences. It seeks to explain how human beings can appear to be so malleable in their nature, yet have an inherited set of behavioural instincts. When the founder of sociobiology, E.O. Wilson, made a plea for greater integration of the physical and human sciences in his book Consilience, there was an underlying assumption that the traffic would be mainly one way -- from physical to human science. This book reverses this assumption and draws on a new branch of human sciences, paradoxical systems theory, to reconceptualise some of the most innovative developments from physical sciences -- the related fields of evolutionary psychology, ethology, and behavioural genetics. The new approach is also applied to politics, economic and public policy approaches.

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Book SynopsisWhat did Darwin's work change about the world? Understanding Charles Darwin explodes five misconceptions about Darwin's work and theories, including how 'Darwinism' has been made to stand for things Darwin never stood for. Concise and accessible, this is the myth-busting look at the Darwin you never knew.Trade Review'Erik Peterson's book on Charles Darwin introduces us to Darwin the scientist, Darwin the family man, Darwin the silicone-rich member of British upper-middle-class society, at a time when the Empire was at its peak. Never before have I got to know Charles Darwin more intimately and fully; never before did I realize that such knowledge is absolutely vital to understand the revolution associated with Darwin's name. Highly recommended.' Michael Ruse, University of Guelph, Ontario, and Florida State University'Erik Peterson has given us a fresh, deeply informed, and engaging portrait of Darwin and his revolutionary scientific achievements. Peterson also succeeds admirably in placing Darwin in historical context, both within British society and among his gentlemanly scientific peers. At the same time, this eminently readable account dispels a series of myths and misunderstandings about Darwin's thinking and influence. Of special interest is Peterson's masterful account of Alfred Russel Wallace's independent discovery of the theory of natural selection, together with the various ways that Darwin and Wallace differed in their evolutionary thinking. Altogether, a captivating and richly informative read.' Frank J. Sulloway, University of California, Berkeley'This well-written volume unpacks a host of misunderstandings about Darwin. In attacking the pedestal that many twentieth-century biologists erected, Peterson provides a more balanced view of Darwin while also highlighting commonly overlooked contributions from others. The Captain of the Beagle, Robert FitzRoy, has been portrayed as a Bible-thumping creationist arguing against Darwin's revolutionary insight, but Peterson re-emphasizes how FitzRoy helped stimulate adaptive explanations. The ornithologist John Gould, if he is mentioned at all, is termed Darwin's bird identifier, but Peterson points out that it was Gould, not Darwin, who focused on the significance of the Galapagos beaks. And Peterson's own detailed research on the history of eugenics makes him the perfect foil for the myth that the Holocaust grew out of Darwin's theory. If you want to see Darwin, warts and all, this book takes you there.' Jim Bindon, The University of Alabama'In this delightful book, Erik Peterson explodes numerous fairytales about Darwin's life and influence. Amongst these is the fiction that Darwin was a solitary genius. Peterson's corrective is a story alive with numerous people, many of them now forgotten, who played diverse roles in making Darwin the man he was. Peterson's prose sparkles; it is conversational and engaging.' Elliott Sober, University of Wisconsin–Madison'This crisp account of Darwin, warts and all, shows him finding his distinctive voice among earlier evolutionists, including his grandfather Erasmus, standing his ground between friends who would pull him toward creationism and others who would push him toward atheism, and after his death recruited to this day for a host of dubious causes. Built on thorough knowledge of the extensive archival material and current scholarship, Understanding Charles Darwin will be an eye-opener for students and scholars alike.' David Depew, University of Iowa'What do we really know about Charles Darwin, the man? In this engaging account, Peterson uncovers the true story behind one of history's most iconic and mythologized scientists. Understanding Charles Darwin dismantles several misunderstandings lodged into our collective consciousness, resulting from what Peterson terms 'the Darwin industry.'' Iris Clever, University of ChicagoTable of ContentsIntroduction: The legends of charles darwin; 1. The evolutionary darwins, 1794–1835; 2. The truth about atolls; 3. London calling, 1836–1842; 4. Darwin-wallaceism; 5. '[T]his view of life, with its several powers'; 6. Saint Charles's place; 7. The struggle is real; Conclusion: The legend machine.

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Book SynopsisWith heart-shaped face, buff back and wings, and pure white underparts, the barn owl is a distinctive and much-loved bird which has fascinated people from many cultures throughout history. How did the barn owl colonise the world? What adaptations have made this bird so successful? How is the increasing impact of human disturbance affecting these animals? Answering these questions and more, Roulin brings together the main global perspectives on the evolution, ecology and behaviour of the barn owl and its relatives, discussing topics such as the high reproductive potential, physiology, social and family interaction, pronounced colour variation and global distribution. Accessible and beautifully illustrated, this definitive volume on the barn owl is for researchers, professionals and graduate students in ornithology, animal behaviour, ecology, conservation biology and evolutionary biology, and will also appeal to amateur ornithologists and nature lovers.Trade Review'The ultimate compendium of all things about barn owls. This beautifully illustrated book will appeal to researchers, students and amateurs alike by providing a comprehensive account of the behavior and life history traits of this much beloved animal.' Jan-Åke Nilsson, Lunds universitet, Sweden'[This book] refreshingly presents the biology of the barn owl and its relatives within the framework and context of today's world, and not simply within the original natural environment that is currently vanishing or, more commonly, already lost. Roulin forthrightly describes the challenges that barn owls meet, points out conservation measures to ensure their existence, and explores the potential value of barn owls in biological pest control and peace among warring countries. Ethical dilemmas and responsibilities of doing ecological research on wild animals are also skilfully and seamlessly integrated into this insightful and thought-provoking book.' Dominique G. Homberger, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge'Barn owls are everywhere, a ubiquity that might lead people to take them for granted. That would be a mistake. In this beautifully illustrated and wide-ranging book, Alexandre Roulin uncovers the extraordinary abilities of this cosmopolitan bird. Meticulously researched, this book is filled with information from the latest studies on every aspect of barn owl biology, tied together with entertaining prose that underscores both how much and how little we understand about the owls that are all around us.' Marlène Zuk, University of Minnesota'… this is a thoroughly enjoyable and comprehensive introduction to the Barn Owl. It is one of a number of books on the Barn Owl but it will be the first one I turn to in future when seeking information about this bird's lifestyle and ecology.' Ian Carter, British Birds'Written from his own research work and 3,600 papers on barn owls and their close relatives, there are many new facts here for you to absorb. An easy layout allows you to find the facts on a bird that is never out of danger due to the sheer amount of poison used in this country and around the world to remove rodents from our domestic and industrial world. But this is also a bird that has brought some form of peace and understanding in the Middle East, and shown us the way forward as to how to rid the poison from our lives! The book is full of excellent photos and artwork and needs a place on your bookshelf.' John Miles, Bird Watching'… [Alexandre Roulin] examines what has made these owls so successful and discusses aspects of their biology, including morphology and physiology, natural history, behavior, conservation, and evolution of their plumage patterns. Barn owls have some unusual characteristics that make them attractive model organisms for research: acute hearing, ability to fly almost silently, high reproductive potential, asynchronous hatching of chicks coupled with peaceful sibling interactions, plumage variability, and high population fluctuations. This volume is profusely illustrated and includes reproductions of paintings and drawings, photographic images, and charts. A 'Further Reading' section at the end of each division includes references to scholarly literature. Written in a less formal style than is typical of academic works without sacrificing the scholarly focus, this book will appeal to all readers and is essential for academic libraries supporting biology programs.' C. E. Buckley, Choice'This new book about [Barn Owls] and their relatives (Grass, Masked and Sooty Owls) brings together information from thousands of research papers … it is not a heavy textbook but reads like a novel. The text is interspersed with beautiful drawings, paintings and photographs. The author … has published over 240 research papers, the majority on Barn Owls. In this book, he covers all aspects of their biology and ecology, with substantial references for further reading and gives suggestions for future research at the end of each chapter … It is also particularly interesting that the book doesn't just have a small focus on Barn Owls in one country but covers the species' entire, extensive range due mainly to the author's passion and experiences. This beautifully presented book is for anyone with an interest in Barn Owls, not just for those involved in research. It is a worthy addition to the bookcase.' Hayley Anne Douglas, Scottish Birds'This monograph is very current and in my opinion the best of the many … works so far on the barn owl.' translated from Der Falke'… presents a beautifully designed, fascinating book about the world of barn owls … I can recommend this book to scientists as well as hobby ornithologists and people interested in nature. There is sure to be something exciting, new or amazing for everyone to discover.' Bettina Almasi, Ornithological ObserverTable of Contents1. Introduction; 2. Conservation; 3. Parasites and predators; 4. Physiology in an ecological context; 5. Morphology in an ecological context; 6. Foraging; 7. Sexual behaviour; 8. Reproduction; 9. Parental care; 10. Sibling interactions; 11. Demography; 12. Plumage coloration.

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Book SynopsisThis interdisciplinary work will appeal to reproductive biologists, behavioural ecologists and mammalogists with special interests in evolutionary biology and sexual selection. It provides a valuable resource for graduate students and for lecturers who design university courses, as well as established researchers.Trade Review'Rarely have I seen a book by a single author that is as comprehensive as this one on mammalian sexuality. One unusual aspect of the text is that the author discusses, clearly and with apparent ease, everything from how aspects of anatomy have developed in tandem with mating behaviour, to detailed discussions of the latest research on sperm transport and its genomic responses within the female reproductive tract. The author provides very clear explanations of important mechanisms such as sperm competition and cryptic female choice, referring to multiple species, many of which will be unfamiliar even to experienced readers. In this sense, the book presents a treasure trove of examples against which to understand comparative reproductive biology. As an impressive bonus the book also contains many of the author's own original drawings of animals and specific anatomical details, which he used to illustrate his points very skilfully.' William V. Holt, University of Sheffield, UK'This excellent, beautifully illustrated book - a magnum opus - is the definitive work on the comparative zoology of mating and reproductive strategies in mammals. Essentially an evolutionary perspective, it is an invaluable and absorbingly readable monograph for evolutionary biologists, zoologists, mammalogists, and reproductive biologists, particularly those interested in post-copulatory sexual selection. It gathers together vast amounts of information, formerly widely-dispersed throughout the literature, into a coherent and fascinating whole, outlining how selection has shaped mammalian mating patterns, genitalia, accessory glands, testes, sperm cells, and reproductive tracts, including the complex coevolution of male and female behaviour and anatomy.' Geoff A. Parker, Emeritus Professor of Zoology, University of Liverpool, UK'Mammalian Sexuality fills an important niche and is unlike other works in its sheer scope - it covers an impressively broad swath of mammalian species. Alan Dixson's decades of research and scholarship on this topic have enabled him to amass a wealth of information in this new text, which includes classic studies and newer research on mammalian sexual behavior, reproductive anatomy and physiology. This book will serve as an essential reference to researchers of mammalian reproduction. I recommend it to anyone interested in animal reproduction, especially those interested in how sexual selection has shaped copulatory behavior and reproductive anatomy, and to all who endeavor to answer the fascinating questions about mammalian reproduction that still remain.' Joyce A. Parga, California State University, Los Angeles, USA'A comprehensive comparative study of the diversity of mammalian reproductive traits. Yet this book goes beyond just facts, but also addresses major proximate and ultimate questions in the evolution of the morphology, physiology, and behavioural adaptations of mammals. An amazing resource for anyone studying sexual selection and reproductive biology.' Jane Waterman, University of Manitoba, Canada'Highly recommended.' J.-B. Leca, Choice Magazine'… Mammalian Sexuality was a pleasure to read, filled with novel insights, as well as dramatic, carefully described details of mammalian mating. I expect that although there is more yet to learn about mammalian sexuality, this volume is bound to be one of those books that never gathers dust on the shelf.' Patricia Adair Gowaty, The Quarterly Review of BiologyTable of ContentsPreface; Acknowledgements; Part I. Carnival of the Animals: 1. Quo Vadis?; 2. Mammalian classification and evolution; Part II. The Act of Mating: 3. Copulatory patterns: phylogeny and modes of life; 4. Copulatory interactions and sexual selection; Part III. The Evolution of Reproduction: 5. Phallic structure and function; 6. The testes and spermatozoa; 7. The accessory reproductive glands and ducts; 8. Cooperation, conflict, and cryptic female choice; 9. The evolution of mating-induced and spontaneous ovulation; Part IV. Epilogue: 10. An end of day glass.

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Book SynopsisOur highly seasonal world restricts insect activity to brief portions of the year. This feature necessitates a sophisticated interpretation of seasonal changes and enactment of mechanisms for bringing development to a halt and then reinitiating it when the inimical season is past. The dormant state of diapause serves to bridge the unfavourable seasons, and its timing provides a powerful mechanism for synchronizing insect development. This book explores how seasonal signals are monitored and used by insects to enact specific molecular pathways that generate the diapause phenotype. The broad perspective offered here scales from the ecological to the molecular and thus provides a comprehensive view of this exciting and vibrant research field, offering insights on topics ranging from pest management, evolution, speciation, climate change and disease transmission, to human health, as well as analogies with other forms of invertebrate dormancy and mammalian hibernation.Trade Review'Insect Diapause guides the reader through an expansive library of historic and recent discoveries towards a synthesis of how diapause works, how it evolves, and how it might be the key to insect resilience or decline … Denlinger makes it relatively easy to navigate a complex series of experiments … [and] is adept at tracing the common thread without obscuring the variability and uncertainty of the results … Insect Diapause provides a much-needed synthesis of modern diapause research and should find a home on the shelves of many entomologists. It covers a lot of territory yet throughout it reveals fertile ground for a new generation of breakthroughs in diapause biology.' Greg Ragland, American Entomologist'Denlinger is a world leader in the study of insect diapause. The volume is heavily referenced and up to date. The book is appropriate for both experienced researchers and graduate students.' Goggy Davidowitz, The Quarterly Review of BiologyTable of Contents1. Confronting the challenges of a seasonal environment; 2. What seasons are being avoided?; 3. Variation in the diapause response; 4. The cost of diapause and some diapause alternatives; 5. Interpreting seasonal cues to program diapause entry; 6. Preparing for diapause; 7. The diapause state; 8. Ending diapause and reinitiating development; 9. Molecular signaling pathways that regulate diapause; 10. Genetic control of diapause; 11. Evolution of diapause; 12. Wider implications; References; Index.

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Book SynopsisHow can the stunning diversity of social systems and behaviours seen in nature be explained? Drawing on social evolution theory, experimental evidence and studies conducted in the field, this book outlines the fundamental principles of social evolution underlying this phenomenal richness.To succeed in the competition for resources, organisms may either ''race'' to be quicker than others, ''fight'' for privileged access, or ''share'' their efforts and gains. The authors show how the ecology and intrinsic attributes of organisms select for each of these strategies, and how a handful of straightforward concepts explain the evolution of successful decision rules in behavioural interactions, whether among members of the same or different species. With a broad focus ranging from microorganisms to humans, this is the first book to provide students and researchers with a comprehensive account of the evolution of sociality by natural selection.Trade Review'Taborsky and his colleagues have worked hard to achieve an authoritative, theoretically sound and necessary updating of an important field of biology.' Richard Dawkins, University of Oxford, UK'The fruitful interplay between social theory and field studies, which forms the central theme of this wonderful book, will be inspirational to new students and experienced researchers alike.' Nick Davies, University of Cambridge, UK'This is an exceptional book, well worth holding onto, if only for the synthesis of its chosen topic, the evolution of social behaviour in her many dimensions. Also captivating and compelling throughout.' Robert Trivers, Jamaica and USA'Taborsky, Cant and Komdeur's assessment of progress in the theory, experiments and naturalistic observation of social behaviour is novel, authoritative, lively and provocative. This will be a go-to reference for years.' Richard Wrangham, Harvard University, USA'How do we explain the amazing variation in social behaviours and association patterns of group-living species, including bacteria, insects and mammals? When does it pay off to cooperate, and when to escalate a fight? Three grandmasters in the field of social evolution have teamed up to provide us with a brilliant survey of the state of the art. Combining an introduction of key concepts with selected case studies, they show how the combination of theoretical modelling with empirical research fuels progress in the field of social evolution. They also make an excellent case for the importance of field studies. A must-read for all students and scholars interested in the riddles of social evolution.' Julia Fischer, German Primate Center and University of Göttingen, Germany'A comprehensive and authoritative survey of the evolution of animal social behaviour that explains how conflict and cooperation interact to generate the astonishing diversity of animal societies.' Tim Clutton-Brock, University of Cambridge, UK'Grounded in evolutionary theory and buttressed with empirical examples from the authors' own work in insects, fish, birds, and mammals, this book synthesizes decades of research on cooperation and conflict into a novel yet surprisingly simple framework for predicting how animals cope with competition. Arguing that individuals can succeed in resource competition by 'racing' others, 'fighting' for exclusive access, or 'sharing' both the trials and rewards, Michael Taborsky, Michael Cant and Jan Komdeur have successfully crossed taxonomic and disciplinary boundaries to outline the fundamental principles governing social evolution. This book is a must-read for anyone fascinated by the diversity of social life on earth, from microbes to humans and everything in between, and who wants to understand why social systems and behaviours have evolved.' Dustin R. Rubenstein, Columbia University, co-editor of Comparative Social Evolution (Cambridge, 2017)'This masterful treatment of animal behaviour takes the perspective that interactions can be divided into racing for goods, fighting to monopolize them, or cooperatively sharing resources … With a focus on animals and easily observable behavioural decisions, Taborsky, Cant and Komdeur also show how conflicts can be resolved and when cooperation evolves, with or without high relatedness. The theory is firmly grounded in empirical observations. The book covers everything from competition for food, shelter or mates to the role of ecological clumping of resources, the importance of learning, sexual conflict, competition within cooperative groups, and between-species interactions. Each chapter ends with a case study applying the theory and concepts of the chapter to a specific organism. The book is a must-read for students of behaviour or evolution at all levels.' Joan E. Strassman, Washington University in St. Louis, USA'Breaking taxonomic boundaries and providing a smooth passage between theory, experiment and observation, Taborsky, Cant, and Komdeur adroitly guide the reader through the fascinating world of social behaviour, to reveal the unifying logic of social evolution - natural selection's balancing act to harness the opposing forces of cooperation and conflict. This book is unique in that you can begin anywhere and read in any order; better still, do it differently each time and gain a new perspective.' Raghavendra Gadagkar, Indian Institute of Science, author of Experiments in Animal Behaviour: Cutting Edge Research at Trifling Cost (Indian Academy of Sciences, 2021)'The Evolution of Social Behavior nicely captures the fascinating diversity of social behavior and some of the cool ideas used to explain it in a refreshing new way … the three authors are empirical leaders in the study of social behavior and their study subjects (insects, fish, mammals, birds) are diverse … This book is a necessary part of any behavioural ecologist's library. It contains a fresh approach to the topic with many thought-provoking ideas, some effective reviews of specific topics, and many excellent examples.' Dave Westneat, International Society for Behavioral Ecology NewsletterTable of ContentsPreface; 1. Introduction; 2. Non-interference rivalry; 3. Conflict; 4. Cooperation; 5. Interspecific relations; 6. Synopsis; References; Subject index; Taxonomic index.

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Book SynopsisEvolution helps us to answer both 'why' as well as 'how' mental disorders arise. This book will be of interest to mental health professionals of all disciplines, academics studying various aspects of the human condition as well as patients and carers who are seeking a deeper understanding of the roots of mental disorders.Trade Review'This is a fascinating read on a topic that, although has relevance, is not well known or understood in the mental health world. The book is stimulating, authoritative, and entertaining in tone and has the ability to motivate debate and provide some answers to issues we all struggle with. It is difficult to put down.' Adrian James, President, Royal College of Psychiatrists, UK'Riadh Abed and Paul St John-Smith have provided a terrific service to the field of psychiatry to assemble a stimulating set of chapters exploring how psychiatric and neurodevelopmental conditions may be better understood through a Darwinian lens. Understanding poor mental health as an adaptive response to a toxic environment can lead to interventions focused on changing the environment rather than treating the patient. Understanding the genetic basis of neurodiversity encourages us to think about genotypes that may result in disabilities in certain environments and adaptive strengths in others. The challenge for researchers in the revolutionary field of evolutionary psychiatry is to come up with testable predictions to confirm or refute hypotheses. This volume will be welcomed by clinicians, research scientists, and students among others, who are interested in how psychiatry can be integrated within the broader framework of evolutionary biology.' Simon Baron-Cohen, University of Cambridge, UK'Darwin's shocking discovery of the combined role of natural and sexual selection in shaping the evolution of homo sapiens revolutionized psychology every bit as much as biology. Freud was the first to apply Darwin's insights to the practice of clinical psychiatry, but many of his theories were limited by the science of his time. This book updates Darwin and Freud- providing a wonderful summary of how our evolutionary past inexorably influences our behavioural present. Great stuff for clinicians, patients, and anyone curious about human nature.' Allen Frances, Duke University, USA'What is it to be psychologically normal, and when can we judge that something has gone wrong with an individual's mental functioning? Why do so many things seem to go wrong with our minds, anyway? This book presents a cornucopia of fresh and stimulating thought about these profound issues by an international group of researchers, both senior authorities and young-and-rising investigators who are among the most talented explorers of our evolutionary psychological heritage and its discontents. Consequently, the book is bursting with illuminating and often provocative insights into the possible sources and nature of mental disorders across the entire spectrum of disorder categories. The future of psychiatry belongs to an evolutionary understanding of the shaping of our minds, and this book takes the reader on the first step of the long journey to that future.' Jerome C. Wakefield, New York University, USA'With a carefully thought-out sequence of chapters and an enviable roster of authors, this book is a superb invitation to evolutionary psychiatry for both researchers and practitioners in mental health. Readers will find a solid, concise introduction to the basic concepts; important but otherwise hard-to-find information (for example about mental illness in hunter-gatherers); and a range of thought-provoking hypotheses about the origins of specific conditions. As noted by the editors, this book exemplifies the power of evolutionary theory as a framework for 'asking the right questions'; even better, it shows how an evolutionary approach can foster true interdisciplinarity, and permit wide-ranging theoretical exploration while remaining firmly grounded in biological and psychological reality.' Marco Del Giudice, Associate Professor of Psychology, University of New Mexico, USA'In this remarkable book, the editors have brought together international leading thinkers and clinicians to illuminate how understanding the evolutionary history and functions of the mind provide crucial insights into our vulnerabilities to mental health difficulties and what we require to flourish. It is full of fascinating and detailed analyses of basic processes, from epigenetics, the role of hunter-gatherer societies in shaping our social motives, through to evolutionary conceptualisations of a range of different types of mental health problems and their treatment. With increasing recognition that progress in understanding, developing interventions for, and preventing mental health problems requires insight into how our brains, bodies, and minds came to be the way they are, this book makes an outstanding contribution and will be a major resource for clinicians and researchers for many years to come.' Paul Gilbert, PhD OBE, Author of Human Nature and Suffering, Depression: The Evolution of Powerlessness, Compassion Focused TherapyTable of ContentsList of Contributors; Foreword; George Ikkos Preface; 1. Introduction to Evolutionary Psychiatry Riadh Abed, Paul St John-Smith; 2. The Biopsychosocial Model Advanced by Evolutionary Theory Adam Hunt, Paul St John-Smith and Riadh Abed; 3. Hominin Evolution I: The Origins of Homo sapiens Derek K. Tracy ; 4. Hominin Evolution II: Sapiens, Masters of the Known Universe Derek K. Tracy ; 5. Hunter-Gatherers, Mismatch and Mental Disorder Nikhil Chaudhary, Gul Deniz Salali; 6. Why Do Mental Disorders Persist? Evolutionary Foundations for Psychiatry Randolph M. Nesse; 7. Anxiety Disorders in Evolutionary Perspective Randolph M. Nesse; 8. Evolutionary Perspectives on Depression Markus J. Rantala, Severi Luoto; 9. On the Randomness of Suicide: An Evolutionary, Clinical Call to Transcend Suicide Risk Assessment C. A. Soper, Pablo Malo Ocejo, Matthew M. Large; 10. Evolutionary Perspectives on Schizophrenia Spectrum Disorders Martin Brüne; 11. Evolutionary Perspectives on Eating Disorders Riadh Abed, Agnes Ayton; 12. Substance Abuse and Evolution Riadh Abed, Paul St John-Smith; 13. The Social Function of Alcohol from an Evolutionary Perspective Robin I. M. Dunbar; 14. Evolutionary Perspectives on Childhood Trauma Annie Swanepoel, Michael J. Reiss, John Launer, Graham Music, Bernadette Wren; 15. Evolutionary Perspectives on Neurodevelopmental Disorders Annie Swanepoel, Michael J. Reiss, John Launer, Graham Music, Bernadette Wren; 16. Maternal Negativity and Child Maltreatment: How Evolutionary Perspectives Contribute to a Layered and Compassionate Understanding Daniela F. Sieff; 17. Alzheimer's Disease as a Disease of Evolutionary Mismatch, with a Focus on Reproductive Life History Molly Fox; 18. Psychopharmacology and Evolution Paul St John-Smith, Riadh Abed, Martin Brüne; 19. What the Evolutionary and Cognitive Sciences Offer the Sciences of Crime and Justice Brian B. Boutwell, Megan Suprenant, Todd K. Shackelford; 20. Evolutionary Thinking and Clinical Care of Psychiatric Patients Alfonso Troisi.

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Book SynopsisExplores the duality between humans and Earth through a focus on the economic system changes that began with grain agriculture and has now reached its apogee in global capitalism.Humans are in danger of crossing a divide where their foothold on an earth once abundant in self-willed otherness is slipping away. This is apparent with the sixth mass extinction, climate change, and the many breaches of planetary boundaries. Bitter Harvest brings clarity to this moment in history through a focus on economic order, how it comes to be what it is, and the way it structures the relationship between humans and Earth. An unusual synergy of disciplines (evolutionary biology, history, economic systems analysis, anthropology, and deep ecology) are tapped to fully explore the emergence of an economic system that contextualized a duality between humans and Earth. Conversations that focus on capitalism and the industrial revolution are subsumed under the longer arc of history and the system change that began with the cultivation of annual grains. Bitter Harvest engenders a more critical conversation about the complexity of the human relationship to Earth and the challenge of altering the economic trajectory that began with agriculture and has now reached its apogee in global capitalism.

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Book SynopsisA thrilling investigation into one of the big unanswered questions that science has to offer: the origins of life on EarthTrade ReviewMarshall has rounded up all the past and current thinking about this profound and puzzling question - how did life begin? - into a neat, enthralling and highly digestible package. * Philip Ball, author of How To Grow a Human *Prepare yourself for a dazzling intellectual journey: the science is fascinating, the cast of characters all-too-human, and the philosophical insights deep. Written in clear and entertaining prose, like a Sherlock Holmes story, this is the best book I know for general readers about the quest to solve one of our most enduring mysteries: how and where, in a seemingly purposeless universe, life began on planet earth. * Oren Harman, author of Evolutions: Fifteen Myths that Explain Our World *The Genesis Quest recounts remarkable episodes in the history of attempts to scientifically understand the origin of life. Combining exceptionally clear expositions of what is scientifically at stake, distinctive humor, and a roving eye for the telling anecdote, this is anything but a tedious scientific genealogy. Marshall has a flair and talent for explaining each individual experiment and its intellectual context. The Genesis Quest offers a well-done romp through some fascinating and complicated terrain. * Luis A. Campos, author of Radium and the Secret of Life *The book's distinctive style comes from well-researched analysis of the behaviour and lifestyles of the various scientists who have contributed to this fascinating and uniquely difficult question... an extremely stimulating read and I recommend it most strongly to scientists and laymen alike. * The Biologist *A fascinating and challenging story. * New York Review of Books *This is an incredibly absorbing and insightful book about the most important scientific question of our age. * Mark Miodownik, author of Stuff Matters *

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Book Synopsis'Jackie Higgins’s lyrical, literate style will charm you while her book stuns your imagination with strange, other-worldly truths' Richard DawkinsSentient assembles a menagerie of zoological creatures – from land, air, sea and all four corners of the globe – to understand what it means to be human. Through their eyes, ears, skins, tongues and noses, the furred, finned and feathered reveal how we sense and make sense of the world, as well as the untold scientific revolution stirring in the field of human perception. The harlequin mantis shrimp can throw a punch that can fracture aquarium walls but, more importantly, it has the ability to see a vast range of colours. The ears of the great grey owl have such unparalleled range and sensitivity that they can hear twenty decibels lower than the human ear. The star-nosed mole barely fills a human hand, seldom ventures above ground and poses little threat unless you are an earthworm, but its miraculous nose allows it to catch those worms at astonishing speed – as little as one hundred and twenty milliseconds. Here, too, we meet the four-eyed spookfish and its dark vision; the vampire bat and its remarkable powers of touch; the bloodhound and its hundreds of millions of scent receptors, as well as the bar-tailed godwit, the common octopus, giant peacocks, cheetahs and golden orb-weaving spiders. Each of these extraordinary creatures illustrates the sensory powers that lie dormant within us. In this captivating book, Jackie Higgins explores this evolutionary heritage and, in doing so, enables us to subconsciously engage with the world in ways we never knew possible.Trade ReviewThe first rule of popular science is to reveal the wonder and mystery of the world. For that reason, Sentient, written by photographer and wildlife film-maker Jackie Higgins, is my personal pick of the year. -- Simon Ings * New Scientist Best Books of the Year *Spellbinding . . . More than any other book, [Sentient] has made me think differently about the world this year. -- Alec Russell * Financial Times Best Books of the Year *Higgins makes popular science accessible – Sentient is a dizzying display of the evolutionary ingenuity not only of lifeforms, but also of zoologists, neuroscientists and biologists who have mapped new frontiers of knowledge. You may finish reading it and wish that humans could use that intelligence to stop the destruction of the habitats all of us live in. -- Saskia Baron * Observer *Jackie Higgins’s eye-opening account of the often bizarre or superhuman sensory systems of other animals, from Hades-dwellers to Arctic owls. -- Steven Poole * Telegraph Best New Science Books *Gripping . . . Thanks to Higgins' flair for storytelling, Sentient successfully informs us about our own senses by exploring those of animals. -- Barbara J. King * TLS *[An] epic account of how the senses make sense . . . Higgins’s argument, although colourful, is rigorous and focused. She leads us to adopt an entirely unfamiliar way of thinking about the senses. -- Simon Ings * The Times *How would the First Encounter with an extraterrestrial alien change our view of ourselves? Great science fiction explores the question. But we don’t need science fiction. The aliens are all around us – the octopus with its mysterious body-image, the electric scanner of the platypus’s bill, the magnetic compass of a migrating bird, the moth antenna that can detect the scent of a female in quadrillion-fold dilution. Jackie Higgins’s lyrical, literate style will charm you while her book stuns your imagination with strange, other-worldly truths. -- Richard DawkinsJackie Higgins puts a mirror up to the natural world so we can sense ourselves through our animal relatives. I love this book because it reminds me of our wildness, it reminds me how powerful our senses are, and it celebrates animals and humans in a way that binds us together. The stories are so interesting and well researched, and the language speaks of an author with a deep sense of biological wisdom and wonder -- Craig Foster, filmmaker and subject of the Oscar-winning documentary, My Octopus TeacherSentient is a tour de force of popular science, leading the reader on a whistle-stop tour of the natural world, to show the fascinating parallels between animal and human senses. -- Stephen Moss, naturalist and authorIf we are sentient, how do we know the world? Why presume other species might know it less? In her fantastic new book, Jackie Higgins digs deep to show us star-nosed moles that see what they touch, discovers how great grey owls fly silently in search of their prey, and how sightless humans can see with their faces. You will never see in the same way again. With potentially endless reverberations for our creative and perceptive states, Higgins delivers a series of delicious lessons in what it is to be sensate, and shows how our own brains can emulate the miraculous feat of the animals with whom we share this fragile planet. -- Philip Hoare, Samuel Johnson Prize-winning author of Leviathan and Albert and the WhaleIn Sentient, Jackie Higgins deftly explores the sensory world of animals — the exquisite touch-sense of a mole’s bizarre nose, the magnetic sense of migratory birds, the electric sense of the platypus — as a window onto our human senses, which echo and some cases even exceed their wild counterparts. Extraordinarily rich in detail; there is a miracle on every page. -- Scott Weidensaul, author of A World on the WingI loved Sentient, it's filled with the wonder of knowing and the infinite surprises of nature. -- Stephen Rutt, author of The Seafarers and Wintering Educational, ground-breaking and meticulously well-researched. * Reaction Life Book Digest *Brimming with fascinating, frequently delightful and occasionally freaky trivia this is an entertaining, gentle and easily digestible read with some important and intriguing ideas at its core. -- Louder Than War

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Book Synopsis'A phenomenally important book' Lewis Dartnell, author of OriginsWhy do we live in families?Why do we help complete strangers?Why do we compare ourselves to others?Why do we cooperate?The science of cooperation tells us not only how we got here, but also where we might end up. In The Social Instinct Nichola Raihani introduces us to other species who, like us, live and work together. From the pied babblers of the Kalahari to the cleaner fish of the Great Barrier Reef, they happen to be some of the most fascinating and extraordinarily successful species on this planet. What do we have in common with these animals, and what can we learn from them? The Social Instinct is an exhilarating, far-reaching and thought-provoking journey through all life on Earth, with profound insights into what makes us human and how our societies work.'A pleasing juxtaposition of insightful scientific theory with illuminating anecdotes' Richard Dawkins'Surprising, thoughtful and, best of all, endlessly entertaining' Will Storr, author of The Science of Storytelling'A superb book about how important cooperation is' Alice Roberts, author of AncestorsTrade ReviewA phenomenally important book. The story of why we humans evolved to become such a wonderfully cooperative, social species, and what that means for the world today. Nichola Raihani will change the way we think about ourselves. -- Lewis Dartnell, author of Origins: How the Earth Shaped Human HistoryThis is a superb book about how important cooperation is in biology, from molecules and cells to families and whole societies. -- Alice RobertsThe Social Instinct is surprising, thoughtful and, best of all, endlessly entertaining, examining the puzzle and power of co-operation from the decks of the HMS Bounty to the babbling birds of the Kalahari. Absolutely loved it. -- Will Storr, author of The Science of StorytellingExcellent and illuminating * Wall Street Journal *A well-written book, easy to read - a pleasing juxtaposition of insightful scientific theory with illuminating anecdotes -- Richard Dawkins

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