European history: medieval period, middle ages Books

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Book SynopsisCHRISTOPHER DUNSTON was educated at Oxford and Reading Universities and is now Reader in History at St Mary's University College, Strawberry Hill (a College of the University of Surrey). He has published a number of books and articles on aspects of seventeenth-century English history, including Princes, Pastors and People (1991) and James (1993)JACQUELINE EALES is a graduate of London University and Senior Lecturer in History at Christ Church College, Canterbury. She is author of the award winning book Puritans and Roundheads: The Harleys of Brampton Bryan and the Outbreak of the English Civil War (1990)

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Book SynopsisMICHAEL RAPPORT is a Reader in European History at the University of Glasgow, UK.

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Book SynopsisROBERT BIRELEY is Professor of History at Loyola University, Chicago.

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Book SynopsisPHILIP EDWARDS is Senior Lecturer in History at the University of New South Wales in Sydney.

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Book SynopsisPreface Acknowledgements LIDDELL HART'S THEORY OF ARMOURED WARFARE Deep Strategic Penetration Combating 'Blitzkrieg' The All-arms Armoured Formation BRITISH INFLUENCE AND THE EVOLUTION OF THE PANZER ARM Origins: The 1920s and Early '30s The Creation of the Panzer Arm Conclusion Bibliography IndexTable of ContentsPreface Acknowledgements LIDDELL HART'S THEORY OF ARMOURED WARFARE Deep Strategic Penetration Combating 'Blitzkrieg' The All-arms Armoured Formation BRITISH INFLUENCE AND THE EVOLUTION OF THE PANZER ARM Origins: The 1920s and Early '30s The Creation of the Panzer Arm Conclusion Bibliography Index

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Book SynopsisThis volume examines the life of Anne of Bohemia, the first queen of Richard II (13771399), and situates her within the context of medieval queenship by arguing that Anne ably fulfilled the political role of the queen consort through her intercession, patronage, and piety.Much previous scholarship on Anne has focused on her relationship with famous poets, such as Geoffrey Chaucer, but from analyzing government documents it becomes clear that Anne used her wealth and status to enact power. Through financial, religious, and cultural patronage, Anne rewarded supporters and servants and influenced court life. The examination of sources such as a letter from Anne to her half brother, and an apothecary bill that contains some fertility medicines suggests that the queen both desired and tried to have children. As such, the volume questions the public imagination of Anne and shows that, in this example, although she died childless, Anne and Richard attempted to have childTable of ContentsIntroduction 1. Heritage and Marriage 2. Intercession: "She Settled Quarrels" 3. Finances and Household 4. "Most Gracious Queen of England": Patronage 5. Biological and Nurturing Motherhood 6. Childlessness, Virginity, and Manhood 7. Afterlife and Conclusion

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Book SynopsisOriginally published in 1976 and based upon the extensive use of original archival material, this book provides a detailed account of the 2 years in which the German army enjoyed unprecedented power and influence. The rise of Hindenburg and Ludendorff is seen against the background of the failure of the army to win a decisive victory in the early stages of the war. The book provides insights into the dynamics of German militarism and imperialism, and is an important contribution to the discussion of the continuity of German history. Table of Contents1. The Appointment of Hindenburg and Ludendorff 2. The Organisation of the High Command 3. The Economic Policy of the High Command 4. First Steps in Foreign Policy 5. Unrestricted Submarine Warfare 6. The July Crisis 1917 and its Consequences 7. Brest Litovsk 8. The Treaty of Bucharest 9. The Baltic and Finland 10. Eastern Policy 1918 11. The High Command and the Armistice

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Book SynopsisOriginally published in 1969, this book discusses the many factors which atomised German society from 1870 onwards and thus assisted Nazi evil, and it shows that Hitler and Nazism were mere phenomena of a mass age. The author wrote with the twin qualifications as historian and survivor of the camps. To have lived through it and then dissect it as a scholar is an astonishing achievement and it is this achievement that this book records. Table of Contents1. Are the Germans Human? 2. Power 3. Absolute Power 4. Absolute Corruption 5. There But For the Grace of God…

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Book SynopsisThis volume offers a fresh and original collection of primary sources on interwar European fascist movements. These sources reflect new approaches to fascism that emphasise the practical, transnational experience of fascism as a social movement, contextualising ideological statements within the historical moments they were produced.Divided into 18 geographically based chapters, contributors draw together the history of various fascist and right-wing movements, selecting sources that reflect themes such as transnational ties, aesthetics, violence, female activism, and the instrumentalisation of race, gender, and religion. Each chapter provides a chronological, narrative account of movements interspersed with complete primary sources, from political speeches, internal movement circulars and articles, police reports, oral history, songs and music, photographs, artworks, poetry, and anti-fascist sources. The volume as a whole seeks to introduce readers to the diversity of faTrade Review"This is an important collection of sources, many available in English for the first time. European Fascist Movements gives the lie to the fascists’ own claims to be unified, well-organised and ideologically rigorous, showing instead how they grew in an ad hoc and reactive fashion, shape-shifting as circumstances demanded."Professor Dan Stone, Royal Holloway, University of London"This book is the product of a unique convergence of experts across the widest possible range of country case studies who have supplied the best of their expertise, not only in terms of framing narratives but also in terms of curating lists of previously unknown to most primary sources …What it also manages to do is to be supremely useful to students of fascism while also acquainting more advanced researchers with sources that they would not have come across before."Professor Aristotle Kallis, Keele UniversityTable of ContentsEuropean Fascist Movements: An Introduction 1. Italy 2. Germany 3. Austria 4. Belgium 5. Britain 6. Croats 7. Finland 8. France 9. Hungary 10. Ireland 11. Latvia 12. Netherlands 13. Romania 16. Slovaks 15. Spain 16. Czechoslovakia’s Germans 17. Sweden 18. Ukrainians

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Book SynopsisThis book offers the first dedicated and comprehensive examination of the lives of nearly thirty women known to occupy the office of queen in the English kingdoms between 650 and 850.The queens of early England are often shadowy figures in the historical record, beset by numerous issues which have largely confined them to the margins of history. Through careful analysis, the volume presents a ground-breaking appraisal of the role of queens in early England, and how their actions and identities shaped their practice of queenship. Organised thematically, it offers an overview of queens in many different roles, such as agents of Christianity, mothers, and peace-weavers. From high profile queens such as Æthelthryth of Ely and Cynethryth of Mercia, to the shadowy Leofrun of East Anglia and the nameless queen of Anna of East Anglia, the book engages with sources to advance fuller narratives about even the most obscure queens of the era.Aided by resources such as genealogicalTrade Review“The voiceless queens are the most poignant reminders of what happens when women are overshadowed by men and overlooked in the historical record. Wragg’s careful, painstaking research and analysis goes beyond conjecture and highlights the richness of these voiceless women. This book brings out of the shadows both the prominent and the voiceless queens and will be a valuable addition to the ever-growing library of all scholars of English history and queenship.”Theresa Earenfight, Seattle University, USA Table of ContentsIntroduction, 1. Christian Queens, 2. Queens as Mothers, 3. The Peaceweaver (freoðuwebbe): a Queenly Custom?, 4. The Voiceless Queens, 5. Conclusion

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Book SynopsisPaper and the British Empire examines the evolution of the paper industry within British organisational frameworks and highlights the role of the Empire as a market and business-making area in a world of shrinking commerce and rising trade barriers.Drawing on a valuable range of primary sources, this book covers the period 18611960 and examines events from the establishment of free trade backed by the gold standard to Britain's membership of the European Free Trade Association. In the field of the paper industry, the speed and intensity of the industrialisation process around the globe have been shaped by a wide variety of variables, including the surrounding institutional framework; entrepreneurial and organisational strategies; the cost and accessibility of transport; and the availability of capital, knowledge, energy resources, and technology. The supply of papermaking raw materials has also been key and has historically been the most important determinant for geoTable of Contents1. Introduction 2. The Political Economy of Raw Materials in the Global Paper Industry 1861–1960 3. The Esparto Grass Trade 4. The Pursuit of Wood Pulp 5. Bamboo for Papermaking 6. The Paper Trade and the British Empire 7. A Retrospective View of the British Paper Industry 8. Conclusions

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Book SynopsisThis book offers a comprehensive overview of the early modern military history of Portugal and its possessions in Africa, the Americas, and Asia from the perspective of the military revolution historiographical debate. The existence of a military revolution in the early modern period has been much debated in international historiography, and this volume fills a significant gap in its relation to the history of Portugal and its overseas empire. It examines different forms of military change in specifically Portuguese case studies but also adopts a global perspective through the analysis of different contexts and episodes in Africa, the Americas, and Asia. Contributors explore whether there is evidence of what could be defined as aspects of a military revolution or whether other explanatory models are needed to account for different forms of military change. In this way, it offers the reader a variety of perspectives that contribute to the debate over the applicability of the militaryTrade Review"No single volume can of course cover all aspects of Portuguese military history in Europe and overseas, but this book makes a valuable contribution to the field. Especially for a non-Lusophone audience, this is a very good first start to examine the military revolution debate in relation to the Portuguese case."Erik Odegard, Ler HistóriaTable of ContentsIntroduction Part 1: Fortifications and Military Revolution 1. Negotiating Early-Modernity in Azemmour, Morocco: Military Architecture in Transition 2. Early Modern Fortification: The Portuguese Experience and Engineer Education 3. Military Engineers, the Military Revolution, and the Defence of Portugal, 1640-1668 Part 2: Size of the Armies and the Rise of the Fiscal State 4. Army Size, State Expenditure, and Warfare Culture in Sixteenth-Century Portugal 5. Was there an Early Modern Military Revolution in Mainland Portugal? 6. “Small Government or Big Government”? Assessing State Expansion in the War for Colonial Brazil Part 3: Tradition and Innovation in Warfare 7. Transformation of Military Technology in Portugal: The Impact of the Iberian Union on Artillery 8. Portuguese Military Expeditions to Southeast Asia, 1597-1606 9. Reassessing Portuguese Military Superiority in Asia in the Sixteenth Century - the Case of Land Warfare Part 4: Cultural Exchange and Circulation of Military Knowledge 10. The Portuguese Conquest of Angola in the Sixteenth and Seventeenth Centuries (1575-1641). A Military Revolution in West Central Africa? 11. Suppliers, Knowledge Brokers and Brothers-in-arms. Portuguese Aspects of Military Innovation in Makassar 12. Military Innovation and Intrastate Warfare: Portuguese Artillery and Sieges During the Woukou Raids of the Mid-Sixteenth Century 13. The Military Revolution in Global History. East Asian Perspectives Bibliography

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Book SynopsisThis book examines four dramatic periods that have shaped not only Ukrainian, but also Soviet and Russian history over the last hundred years: the revolutionary struggles of 1917-20, Stalin's second revolution of 1928-33, the mobilization of revolutionary nationalists during the Second World War, and the Euromaidan protests of 2013-14. The story is told from the perspective of insiders. It recovers the voice of Bolshevik historians who first described the 1917-21 revolution in Ukraine; citizens who were accused of nationalist conspiracies by Stalin; Galician newspapers that covered the 1933-34 famine; nationalists who fomented revolution in the 1940s; and participants in the Euromaidan protests and Revolution of 2013-14. In each case the narrative reflects current memory wars over these key moments in history.The discussion of these flashpoints in history in a balanced, insightful and illuminating. It introduces recent research findings and new archival materials, and Table of ContentsIntroduction Part I: Revolution, 1917-21 1. Repressed Memory: Bolshevik Accounts of the Ukrainian Revolution Part II: Stalin’s "Second Revolution," 1929-34 2. Fabrication of Nationalist Plots by the Secret Service in Ukraine, 1929-34 3. Ukrainization, Terror and Famine: Coverage in Lviv’s Dilo and the Nationalist Press of the 1930s 4. Call to Violence: Red Terror of 1918-22 and Literary Rhetoric of 1932-34 Part III: Nationalist Revolution, 1938-45 5. The Cult of Strength: Khmelnytskyi in the Literature of Ukrainian Nationalists Literature During the 1930s and 1940s 6. The War for Carpatho-Ukraine in 1938-39 and the Contemporary Retrospective 7. The Ukrainian Underground of the 1940s in Today’s Memory Wars Part IV: Euromaidan and War, 2013-17 8. Archival Revolution and Contested Memory: Changing Views of Stalin’s Rule in the Light of New Evidence 9. Ukrainian Intellectuals on the Euromaidan, Revolution and War with Russia: A Snapshot from 2015 10. Living with Ambiguities: Meanings of Nationalism in the Russian-Ukrainian War 11. The Landscape of Contemporary Memory

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Book SynopsisDemonology â the intellectual study of demons and their powers â contributed to the prosecution of thousands of witches. But how exactly did intellectual ideas relate to prosecutions? Recent scholarship has shown that some of the demonologistsâ concerns remained at an abstract intellectual level, while some of the judgesâ concerns reflected popular culture. This book brings demonology and witch-hunting back together, while placing both topics in their specific regional cultures.The bookâs chapters, each written by a leading scholar, cover most regions of Europe, from Scandinavia and Britain through to Germany, France and Switzerland, and Italy and Spain. By focusing on various intellectual levels of demonology, from sophisticated demonological thought to the development of specific demonological ideas and ideas within the witch trial environment, the book offers a thorough examination of the relationship between demonology and witch-hunting.Demonology and Witch-Hunting in Early Modern Europe is essential reading for all students and researchers of the history of demonology, witch-hunting and early modern Europe.Table of ContentsIntroduction: Demonology and Witch-Trials in Dialogue 1. Demonology and the Relevance of the Witches’ Confessions 2. The Metamorphoses of the Anti-Witchcraft Treatise Errores Gazariorum (15th Century) 3. "I Confess that I Have Been Ignorant:" How the Malleus Maleficarum Changed the Universe of a Cleric at the End of the Fifteenth Century 4. "In the Body:" The Canon Episcopi, Andrea Alciati, and Gianfrancesco Pico’s Humanized Demons 5. French Demonology in an English Village: The St Osyth Experiment of 1582 6. English Witchcraft Pamphlets and the Popular Demonic 7. Witches’ Flight in Scottish Demonology 8. Demonology and Scepticism in Early Modern France: Bodin and Montaigne 9. Judge and Demonologist: Revisiting the Impact of Nicolas Rémy on the Lorraine Witch Trials 10. Demonological Texts, Judicial Procedure, and the Spread of Ideas About Witchcraft in Early Modern Rothenburg ob der Tauber 11. To Beat a Glass Drum: The Transmission of Popular Notions of Demonology in Denmark and Germany 12. "He Promised Her So Many Things:" Witches, Sabbats, and Devils in Early Modern Denmark 13. Board Games, Dancing, and Lost Shoes: Ideas about Witches’ Gatherings in the Finnmark Witchcraft Trials 14. What Did a Witch-Hunter in Finland Know About Demonology? 15. The Guardian of Hell: Popular Demonology, Exorcism, and Mysticism in Baroque Spain 16. Interpreting Children’s Blåkulla Stories in Sweden (1675) 17. Connecting Demonology and Witch-Hunting in Early Modern Europe.

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Book SynopsisThis book explores the endeavors and activities of one of the most prominent early modern Irishmen in exile, the Franciscan Luke Wadding. Born in Ireland, educated in the Iberian Peninsula, Wadding arrived in Rome in 1618, where he would die in 1657. In the Eternal City, the Franciscan emerged as an outstanding theologian, a learned scholar, a diplomat, and a college founder. This innovative collection of chapters brings together a group of international scholars who provide a ground-breaking analysis of the many cultural, political, and religious facets of Wadding’s life. They illustrate the challenges and changes faced by an Irishman who emerged as one of the most outstanding global figures of the Catholic Reformation. The volume will attract scholars of the early modern period, early modern Catholicism, and Irish emigration.Table of Contents1. Introduction: Father Luke Wadding — A Multifaced Irishman in a Global World Part I: Wadding and the Iberian Peninsula 2. Irish Franciscans and the Santiago Province of Spain 3. "Learned, Attached and Reliable": Luke Wadding, Agent of the Spanish Monarchy Part II: Wadding and the Roman Context 4. Discovering Migration in the Seventeenth Century: Propaganda Fide, the Holy Office and Foreigners 5. Not Only a "Hibernese" in the Urbs: Luke Wadding and His Entourage in Seventeenth-Century Rome Part III: The Cultural World of Wadding 6. The Development of Libraries in the Seventeenth Century: Luke Wadding’s Library 7. Luke Wadding: A Life in and for Books 8. Luke Wadding and Scholars for the Arts in Seventeenth-Century Rome 9. The Wadding Circle and the History of Political Thought Part IV: Wadding and Ireland 10. Wadding and the Irish Tombs in St. Pietro in Montorio 11. The Vita Waddingi and the Memory of Confederate and Cromwellian Ireland 12. Conclusion

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Book SynopsisWinner of the L. Carl Brown AIMS Book Prize in North African Studies 2022This original research on the forgotten Libyan genocide specifically recovers the hidden history of the fascist Italian concentration camps (19291934) through the oral testimonies of Libyan survivors. This book links the Libyan genocide through cross-cultural and comparative readings to the colonial roots of the Holocaust and genocide studies.Between 1929 and 1934, thousands of Libyans lost their lives, directly murdered and victim to Italian deportations and internments. They were forcibly removed from their homes, marched across vast tracks of deserts and mountains, and confined behind barbed wire in 16 concentration camps. It is a story that Libyans have recorded in their Arabic oral history and narratives while remaining hidden and unexplored in a systematic fashion, and never in the manner that has allowed us to comprehend and begin to understand the extent of their Trade Review“This shattering study, based on remarkable scholarship, not only brings to light the long-suppressed genocidal policies of the Italian Fascist state but also leads to serious rethinking of how colonial history is framed and of the origins of the horrendous Nazi crimes. A powerful and revealing work.” — Noam Chomsky Massachusetts Institute of Technology"Ali Abdullatif Ahmida’s volume on the Libyan genocide is a masterpiece of oral history. This narrative recaptures the full texture of a great but little known atrocity. The prose and the poetry of folk memory as well as the crosscurrents of regional variation are gripping and unforgettable. A people’s suffering have been truly honoured here." — James C. Scott, Yale University"Based on oral, archival and published documentation, Ali Abdullatif Ahmida provides a damning condemnation of Italian colonialism in Libya and of the scholarship that so far has overlooked the scope and significance of the genocidal violence which enabled it. A genuine contribution to the literature on Libya, on colonialism and on studies of genocide." — Mahmood Mamdani, Columbia University"The book is a masterpiece of scholarly skill and dedication. It tells the story that many Libyans have known and have not been able to tell the world. Combining archival research, ethnographic field work, penetrating theoretical insights, and personal testimony, Ahmida has written a book that I’ve longed to read but never imagined possible until now. I am deeply grateful for this book." — Khaled Mattawa, University of Michigan"Ali Abdullatif Ahmida gives voice to the victims – and resisters – of a forgotten modern colonial genocide. Their recollections in poetry and prose provide eloquent, visceral testimony to suffering and, always, perseverance. Official narratives will no longer reign – and imperial statues should topple." — Joel Gordon, University of Arkansas"He [Ahmida] succeeds in revealing a long-obscured and gruesome past through the reminiscences of his own elderly relatives, the disciplined excavation of suppressed official archives, the interpretation of long-recited epic poetry, and the creative deployment of comparative histories of genocide, war, and imperialism.[...] Ahmida’s account is important, however, and should provoke consequential debates about the long, dark shadow of history in North Africa." — Lisa Anderson, Foreign Affairs https://www.foreignaffairs.com/reviews/capsule-review/2020-12-08/genocide-libya-shar-hidden-colonial-historyAuthor-interview podcast by Jeff Bachman, American University, New Books Network https://newbooksnetwork.com/genocide-in-libya“This shattering study, based on remarkable scholarship, not only brings to light the long-suppressed genocidal policies of the Italian Fascist state but also leads to serious rethinking of how colonial history is framed and of the origins of the horrendous Nazi crimes. A powerful and revealing work.” — Noam Chomsky Massachusetts Institute of Technology"Ali Abdullatif Ahmida’s volume on the Libyan genocide is a masterpiece of oral history. This narrative recaptures the full texture of a great but little known atrocity. The prose and the poetry of folk memory as well as the crosscurrents of regional variation are gripping and unforgettable. A people’s suffering have been truly honoured here." — James C. Scott, Yale University"Based on oral, archival and published documentation, Ali Abdullatif Ahmida provides a damning condemnation of Italian colonialism in Libya and of the scholarship that so far has overlooked the scope and significance of the genocidal violence which enabled it. A genuine contribution to the literature on Libya, on colonialism and on studies of genocide." — Mahmood Mamdani, Columbia University"The book is a masterpiece of scholarly skill and dedication. It tells the story that many Libyans have known and have not been able to tell the world. Combining archival research, ethnographic field work, penetrating theoretical insights, and personal testimony, Ahmida has written a book that I’ve longed to read but never imagined possible until now. I am deeply grateful for this book." — Khaled Mattawa, University of Michigan"Ali Abdullatif Ahmida gives voice to the victims – and resisters – of a forgotten modern colonial genocide. Their recollections in poetry and prose provide eloquent, visceral testimony to suffering and, always, perseverance. Official narratives will no longer reign – and imperial statues should topple." — Joel Gordon, University of Arkansas"He [Ahmida] succeeds in revealing a long-obscured and gruesome past through the reminiscences of his own elderly relatives, the disciplined excavation of suppressed official archives, the interpretation of long-recited epic poetry, and the creative deployment of comparative histories of genocide, war, and imperialism.[...] Ahmida’s account is important, however, and should provoke consequential debates about the long, dark shadow of history in North Africa." — Lisa Anderson, Foreign Affairs https://www.foreignaffairs.com/reviews/capsule-review/2020-12-08/genocide-libya-shar-hidden-colonial-historyAuthor-interview podcast by Jeff Bachman, American University, New Books Network https://newbooksnetwork.com/genocide-in-libyaTable of ContentsIntroduction: Thinking About Forgotten Libyan Genocide 1. Where are the Survivors: The Politics of Missing Archives and Fieldwork 2. Eurocentrism, Silence and Memory of Genocide 3. We Died Because of Shar, Evil My Son: Survivors’ Stories of Death and Trauma in the Camps 4. After the Genocide: Hidden, and State Histories 5. Postscript: Rethinking Postcolonial State Formation, Crisis and Collapse in Libya Conclusion: Toward a Paradigm Shift

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Book SynopsisWarfare in Medieval Europe, now in its second edition, offers considerably more attention to the transition from the later Roman Empire to the early Middle Ages, the composition of the armies of the opponents of the West, and the experience of commanders and individual combatants on the battlefield.This second revised and expanded edition provides a more in-depth thematic discussion of the nature and conduct of war, with an emphasis on its overall impact on society, from the late Roman Empire to the end of the Hundred Yearsâ War. The authors explore the origins of the institutions, physical infrastructure, and intellectual underpinnings of warfare, with chapters on military topography, military technology, logistics, combat, and strategy. Bernard and David Bachrach have also added a new chapter, which provides two detailed campaign narratives that highlight the themes treated throughout the text. The geographical scope of the volume encompasses Latin Europe, tTrade ReviewPraise for previous edition:‘This book is a masterpiece, bringing together the collected scholarship of the past several decades and more in a brilliant synthesis that illuminates not only medieval military matters, but the whole "medieval millennium" as well.’Paul F. Crawford, California University of Pennsylvania, USA‘The perfect introduction to Medieval Warfare for students of history and strategic or security studies. This is an excellent overview which teases out evidence for the continuity of Roman institutions and infrastructure, and furnishes evidence for the complexity of medieval warfare including the complex and discriminating application of military, economic and diplomatic tools – in short, grand strategy. Firmly rooted in source evidence, this remains faithful to contemporary terminology yet helps us interpret it in the light of today’s military-strategic vocabulary.’Beatrice Heuser, University of Reading, UKTable of ContentsIntroduction1. Sources: The writing of medieval military history2. Military topography3. Military organization of medieval Europe4. Military logistics5. Military technology6. Medieval combat7. Strategy8. Two Campaigns in FocusConclusion

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Book SynopsisEngaging the Crusades is a series of concise volumes (up to 50,000 words) which offer initial windows into the ways in which the crusades have been used in the last two centuries, demonstrating that the memory of the crusades is an important and emerging subject. Together these studies suggest that the memory of the crusades, in the modern period, is a productive, exciting, and much-needed area of investigation.This volume explores how crusading rhetoric, iconography, and historiography have been purposed by far-right, nationalist, and related groups in the recent past through case studies as varied as Brenton Tarrant, who killed 51 people at a mosque and Islamic centre in New Zealand in March 2019; a modern American military order' that uses memes to recruit members and spread its ideology; and the bestselling video game Assassin's Creed. As nationalist and far-right ideologies have gained adherents in Europe and the Americas, understanding how ideologues have misused

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Book SynopsisThis volume brings together eleven case studies that address how the night became visible in the long and global eighteenth century through different mediums and in different geographical contexts. Situated on the eve of the introduction of artificial lighting, the long eighteenth century has much to say about nightâs darkness and brilliance. The eighteenth century has been bound up epistemologically with images of light, reason, and order. Night and day, light and darkness, reason and mystery, however, are not necessarily at odds in the eighteenth century. In their analysis of narratives, poetry, urban spaces, music, the visual arts, and geological phenomena, the essays provide various frameworks to examine the representation, treatment, and meaning of the enlightened night. The transnational and multidisciplinary nature of the volume presents a survey of the research currently being done in the field of the long eighteenth-century night. This collection contributes to an ongoing exercise that questions the accepted definitions of the Enlightenment, and by bringing Eighteenth-Century Studies into dialogue with Night Studies, it enriches the critical conversation between these lines of research.

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Book SynopsisIn Central Europe, limited success in revisiting the role of science in the segregation of Roma reverberates with the yet-unmet call for contextualizing the impact of ideas on everyday racism. This book attempts to interpret such a gap as a case of epistemic injustice. It underscores the historical role of ideas in race-making and provides analytical lenses for exploring cross-border transfers of whiteness in Central Europe. In the case of Roma, the scientific argument in favor of segregation continues to play an outstanding role due to a long-term focus on the limited educability of Roma. The authors trace the long-term interrelation between racializing Roma and the adaptation by Central European scholars of theories legitimizing segregation against those considered non-white, conceived as unable to become educated or civilized. Along with legitimizing segregation, sterilization and even extermination, theorizing ineducability has laid the groundwork for negating the capacity of RoTable of ContentsIntroduction; Part I. Whiteness: The Never-ending Story of Epistemic Injustice Against Roma; 1. Whiteness: A Locus for Doing Race; 2. Obscure Racism: From National Indifference to Whitening Roma; 3. The Post-socialist Shift in Pathologizing: From Disabled Roma to Disabled Socialism; 4. The Limits and Options of Historical Narratives Concerning Roma in Central Europe; Part II. The (In)educability of Roma: Central Europe between Overt and Enlightened Racism; 5. The Inception of Whiteness: The Grellmannian Intersections of European Roma; 6. Global Racial Order Comes to Central Europe: The Puzzle of "White Gypsies" at the Dawn of the Twentieth Century; 7. The Institutionalization of a Racialized Approach to Roma in the 1920s – 1940s: Rooting the Stigma of an Insecure Population; 8. In (Re)search of Inclusion: Roma Under the Pressure of De-historicizing between the 1950s and 1990s; 9. Conclusion: Epistemic Justice for Central European Roma: Toward the Unlimited Negation of Whiteness

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Book SynopsisThis new and revised edition of ChristianJewish Relations 10001300 expands its survey of medieval ChristianJewish relations in England, Spain, France and Germany with new material on canon law, biblical exegesis and ChristianJewish polemics, along with an updated Further Reading section.Anna Sapir Abulafia's balanced yet humane account analyses the theological, socio-economic and political services Jews were required to render to medieval Christendom. The nature of Jewish service varied greatly as Christian rulers struggled to reconcile the desire to profit from the presence of Jewish men and women in their lands with conflicting theological notions about Judaism. Jews meanwhile had to deal with the many competing authorities and interests in the localities in which they lived; their continued presence hinged on a fine balance between theology and pragmatism.The book examines the impact of the Crusades on ChristianJewish relations and analyses how anti-Jewish li

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Book SynopsisThis new and revised edition of ChristianJewish Relations 10001300 expands its survey of medieval ChristianJewish relations in England, Spain, France and Germany with new material on canon law, biblical exegesis and ChristianJewish polemics, along with an updated Further Reading section.Anna Sapir Abulafia's balanced yet humane account analyses the theological, socio-economic and political services Jews were required to render to medieval Christendom. The nature of Jewish service varied greatly as Christian rulers struggled to reconcile the desire to profit from the presence of Jewish men and women in their lands with conflicting theological notions about Judaism. Jews meanwhile had to deal with the many competing authorities and interests in the localities in which they lived; their continued presence hinged on a fine balance between theology and pragmatism.The book examines the impact of the Crusades on ChristianJewish relations and analyses how anti-Jewish li

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Book SynopsisThis book reminds us of Europe''s multi-faceted history of expulsions, flight, and labour migration and the extent to which European history since 1945 is a history of migration. While immigration and ethnic plurality have often been divisive issues, encounters between Europeans and newcomers have also played an important part in the development of a European identity. The authors analyze questions of individual and collective identities, political responses to migration, and the way in which migrants and migratory movements have been represented, both by migrants themselves and their respective host societies. The book''s distinctive multi-disciplinary and international approach brings together experts from several fields including history, sociology, anthropology and political science. 'European Encounters' will serve as an invaluable tool for students of contemporary European history, migration, and ethnic identities.Trade Review’This interesting volume constitutes an important contribution to the still much neglected migration history of post war Europe. By including case studies from states at the margin as well as stressing the relevance of agency and gendered patterns, the chapters in this multifaceted and multilayered book will function as an empirical and conceptual stimulus for future research.’ Professor Leo Lucassen, University of Amsterdam, The Netherlands ’European Encounters is a rich and ambitious history of migration and the migrant experience in Europe, which does not stick to the standard script. It covers many countries, east and west, and examines not only the history of migration since 1945, but problems of politics, ethnicity, identity, gender, and historical memory. Anyone who wants to know how migration has reshaped modern Europe should read this book.’ Professor James F. Hollifield, Southern Methodist University, USA ’This edited collection brings together new and interesting work on European migration...the breadth, range and scope of the analyses enhances our understanding of the diversity and richness of Europe’s migration experience. For this reason, the book is a welcome addition to the literature.’ Journal of Southern Europe and the Balkans ’In this important volume, Rainer Ohliger, Karen Schönwälder and Triadafilos Triadafilopoulos weave together a collection of essays that challenge dominant assumptions pervading the literature on post-World War II European migration...this is a significant collection of essays, and one that should occupy a prominent place on the shelves of serious migration scholars...a monumental volume that will likely reshape European migration scholarship in profound ways.’ Focaal: European Journal of AnthropologyTable of ContentsContents: Introduction: European encounters: Europe's migratory experiences, Karen Schönwälder, Rainer Ohliger and Triadafilos Triadafilopoulos. The Plurality of the Migratory Experience: Einwanderungsland Deutschland: a new look at its post-war history, Anne von Oswald, Karen Schönwälder and Barbara Sonnenberger; Post-war immigration to Estonia: a comparative perspective, Hill Kulu; Minorities into migrants: emigration and ethnic unmixing in twentieth-century Romania, Rainer Ohliger and Catalin Turliuc; Female professional immigration in post-war Europe: counteracting an historical amnesia, Umut Erel and Eleonore Kofman. Migration as a Political and Social Challenge: The political consequences of forced population transfers: refugee incorporation in Greece and West Germany, Triadafilos Triadafilopoulos; Why governments do not learn: colonial migrants and gypsy refugees in the Netherlands, Wim Willems; The Norwegian encounter with Pakistanis: diversities and paradoxes on the road to Norway's immigration stop, Hallvard Tjelmeland; Gendered policies - gendered patterns: female labour migration from Turkey to Germany from the 1960s to the 1990s, Esra Erdem and Monika Mattes; Constructing boundaries in a multicultural nation: the discourse of 'overforeignization' in Switzerland, Damir Skenderovic. Individual and Collective Identities: The role of discourse in the construction of an emigré community: Ukrainian displaced persons in Germany and Austria after the Second World War, Volodymyr Kulyk; The impact of distorted memory: historical narratives and expellee integration in West Germany, 1945-1970, Pertti Ahonen; Do national narratives matter? identity formation among Portuguese migrants in France and Germany, Andrea Klimt; Whatever happened to the Albanians? some clues to a twentieth-century European mystery, Isa Blumi; Recovering memory is regaining dignity: collective memory and migration in France, Laure Teulières; Index.

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Book SynopsisThis book explores how British culture is negotiating heroes and heroisms in the twenty-first century. It posits a nexus between the heroic and the state of the nation and explores this idea through British television drama.Drawing on case studies including programmes such as The Last Kingdom, Spooks, Luther and Merlin, the book explores the aesthetic strategies of heroisation in television drama and contextualises the programmes within British public discourses at the time of their production, original broadcasting and first reception. British television drama is a cultural forum in which contemporary Britain's problems, wishes and cultural values are revealed and debated. By revealing the tensions in contemporary notions of heroes and heroisms, television drama employs the heroic as a lens through which to scrutinise contemporary British society and its responses to crisis and change. Looking back on the development of heroic representations in BTrade ReviewThis timely, vigorous, and wide-ranging book is a welcome addition to the scholarship. Korte and Falkenhayner demonstrate an illuminating depth and breadth of understanding of the texts and their contexts that contributes new insights on both.- Michael Goodrum, Canterbury Christ Church University, UKIt has been a true pleasure reading this book. It offers a rich and engaging discussion of the ambiguous hero and the contested heroic in contemporary British TV culture. Moreover, it presents a range of deeply fascinating and thought-provoking analyses of contemporary series – military, espionage, detective and fantasy - and scrutinizes the protagonist – mostly male - as a figure whose actions raise the broad and important questions what counts as heroic and who can be represented as heroic. Thereby it includes a clever and critical discussion on TV series and (the lack of) diversity. It is highly recommendable to anyone interested in contemporary British TV culture and how TV fiction can contribute to our understanding of contemporary societies. - Anne Jerslev, University of Copenhagen, DenmarkTable of ContentsIntroduction: Heroes, television drama and a nation in change. Concepts and contexts 11 The hero’s journey and the state of the nation 212 British soldier heroism in the War on Terror era 443 The heroic TV detective in the twenty-first century: Transforming archetypes 644 Secret service TV drama: Dubious ethics, dubious heroism 905 Merlin versus Misfits: Heroic British youth telefantasy 110Summary and Outlook 135

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Book SynopsisWhat do we mean when we say that cities have altered humanity's interaction with nature? The more people are living in cities, the more nature is said to be urbanizing: turned into a resource, mobilized over long distances, controlled, transformed and then striking back with a vengeance as natural disaster. Confronting insights derived from Environmental History, Science and Technology Studies or Political Ecology, Urbanizing Nature aims to counter teleological perspectives on the birth of modern urban nature as a uniform and linear process, showing how new technological schemes, new actors and new definitions of nature emerged in cities from the sixteenth to the twentieth century.Table of ContentsPart I: Introduction Introduction: Did Cities Change Nature? A Long-Term Perspective Part II: Nature into Urban Hinterlands 1. Long-Term Transitions, Urban Imprint and the Construction of Hinterlands 2. Concepts of Urban Agency and the Transformation of Urban Hinterlands: The Case of Berlin, Eighteenth to Twentieth Centuries 3. A Place in Its Own Right: The Rural-Urban Fringe of Helsinki from the Early Nineteenth Century to the Present Part III: Nature as Urban Resource 4. Urbanizing Water: Looking Beyond the Transition to Water Modernity in the Cities of the Southern Low Countries, Thirteenth to Nineteenth Centuries 5. Cities Hiding the Forests: Wood Supply, Hinterlands and Urban Agency in the Southern Low Countries, Thirteenth to Eighteenth Centuries 6. Energizing European Cities: From Wood Provision to Solar Panels – Providing Energy for Urban Demand, 1800-2000 7. Re-Use and Recycling in Western European Cities Part IV: Nature as Urban Challenge 8. Hydraulic Experts and the Challenges of Water in Early Modern Times: European Colonial Cities Compared 9. Stockholm’s Changing Waterscape: A Long-term Perspective on a City and Its Flowing Water 10. Air Pollution as Urban Problem in France, from the Mid-Nineteenth Century to the 1970s Part V: Visions of Urban Nature 11. Urban Fringes: Conquering Riversides and Lakeshores in the Nineteenth Century – Examples from Austrian and Swiss Medium-Sized Cities 12. Twentieth Century Wastescapes: Cities, Consumers, and Their Dumping Grounds 13. The Roots of the Sustainable City: The Visible Waters of the City in Modern Mainz and Wiesbaden Part VI: Concluding Essay 14. Beyond Cities, Beyond Nature: Building a European Urban Stratum

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Book SynopsisShipbuilding in the United Kingdom provides a systematic historical account of the British Shipbuilders Corporation, first looking at this major industry under private enterprise, then under state control, and finally back in private hands.The chapters trace the evolution of public policy regarding shipbuilding, ship repair, and large marine engine building through the tenures of radically different Labour and Conservative governments, and through the response of the board of the British Shipbuilders Corporation, trade unions, and local management also. The book benefits from comprehensive archival research and interviews from the 1990s with leading players in the industry, as well as politicians, shipbuilders, trade union leaders, and senior civil servants.This authoritative monograph is a valuable resource for advanced students and researchers across the fields of business history, economic history, industrial history, labour history, maritime Table of ContentsIntroduction 1. British shipbuilding under the Labour government, 1966–70 2. British shipbuilding under the Conservative government, 1970–74 3. The long road to nationalisation of shipbuilding under two Labour governments, 1974–77 4. British Shipbuilders: the first two years under a Labour government 5. British Shipbuilders under the Conservative government, 1979–83 6. Privatisation of British Shipbuilders under two Conservative governments, 1983–90 Conclusions Epilogue

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Book SynopsisFeatured here is a modern translation of a medieval herbal, with a study showing how this technical treatise on herbs was turned into a literary curiosity in the nineteenth century. The contours of this second edition replicate the first; however, it has been revised and updated throughout to reflect new scholarship and new findings. New information is presented on Oswald Cockayne, the nineteenth-century philologist who first translated the Old English medical texts for the modern world.Here the medieval text is read as an example of technical writing (i.e., intended to convey instructions/information), not as literature. The audience it was originally aimed at would know how to diagnose and treat medical conditions and knew or was learning how to follow its instructions. For that reason, while working on the translation, specialists in relevant fields were asked to shed light on its terse wording, for example, herbalists and physicians. Unlike many current studies, this workTrade ReviewPraise for the second edition"I was delighted to see a revised edition of Anne Van Arsdall’s Medieval Herbal Remedies. For two decades, her book has served as an example of how to make medieval herbalism accessible to readers beyond just specialists in the field, through a much-needed modern translation of the Old English Herbarium, a study of the nineteenth-century antiquarian Oswald Cockayne and his own, curious 1864 translation of the Herbarium, and a fascinating comparison of early medieval herbalists to modern folk-healers. A welcome update to this edition is Van Arsdall’s placement of the Old English Herbarium in a broader European context, as an heir to Galenic, monastic, and vernacular medical traditions." Winston Black, St. Francis Xavier University, Nova Scotia "In the nineteenth century T. Oswald Cockayne introduced Old English medical texts to the modern world. In her 2002 edition Anne Van Arsdall reintroduced Cockayne and his work to the twenty-first century. Now, a valuable second edition dramatically expands the story of the man whose tragic life reads like a ‘bittersweet Victorian novel’ and whose scholarly work has gone largely unrecognized. More, it dramatically re-envisions the Old English medical texts Cockayne valued only for the vocabulary they contributed to the Old English lexicon. By resituating them, not in an 'Anglo-Saxon' context, but in the larger early medieval European tradition and by reading them as technical medical texts based on herbalism, Van Arsdall charts a promising new path for the study of The Old English Herbarium and its textual kin."Dabney A. Bankert, Professor Emerita of Medieval Literature, James Madison University "This significantly revised text offers a thought-provoking introduction to medieval medicine through the Old English Herbarium. Van Arsdall vividly shows how early medical texts were long thought to be of little value except for studying Germanic philology or folklore. The substantial introductory chapters and notes to the translation presented here show how we need to rethink such texts as technical literature – and indeed a literature that grew out of rich cultures of medical knowledge and practice across Christendom rather than just among the English. The crisp translation of the Herbarium makes this fascinating and complex world of learning further accessible. Medieval Herbal Remedies will be a valuable resource for teaching new histories of premodern medicine and encouraging new research in the field." James T. Palmer, Professor of History, University of St Andrews Praise for the first edition"Anne Van Arsdall's new and elegant translation with its extensive and thoroughly documented introduction comes as a welcome correction to Cockayne's antiquated and often misleading nineteenth-century edition of the Old English Herbarium. At last the Herbarium is restored to a prominent position among the texts of late classical and medieval medicine in Western Europe, and offers to a wide audience a fascinating opportunity for understanding the value of herbals in the development of the medieval tradition of healing."Maria Amalia D'Aronco, University of Udine, Italy "Presents a modern, readable, accurate, and lucid new translation of the Old English Herbarium, one that replaces Cockayne's and one that will be the standard translation for many years to come."Helen Damico, Professor of Old English, University of New Mexico Table of ContentsForeword Linda Ehrsam VoigtsAcknowledgmentsIntroduction1. Oswald Cockayne: The scholar whose long shadow hangs over medieval medicine2. Cockayne’s Herbarium3. New contexts for the Old English Herbarium4. About the Old English Herbarium: Manuscripts, illustrations, and need for an alternative to Cockayne’s translation5.The Old English Herbarium: A modern translationReferences and online resourcesAlphabetical indexes of plant namesIndex of medical complaintsGeneral index

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Book SynopsisThis book offers a comprehensive, biography-led examination of queenship in England between 850 and 1000, tracing the development of the queen's role from bed companion to institutional office.The period 8501000 is critical to the development of English queenship. In the aftermath of viking invasion, the kings of Wessex expanded their hegemony over neighbouring regions, gradually establishing themselves as the kings of England. Parallel to this broad narrative of political change is the lesser-known story, told in this book, of the royal women who took part in it. The lives of three remarkable women Æthelflæd, Lady of the Mercians, and the West Saxon consorts Eadgifu and Ælfthryth are central to the story, here retold through the careful analysis and reappraisal of source documents. These biographies set the stage for detailed study of the agency and advocacy of all women who held queenly office in England between 850 and 1000, as well as their legacies and reception by lat

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Book SynopsisThis collection is an introductory historical survey and selective cultural analysis of the development, coalescence, and eventual waning of a diasporic civilizationâthat of the Jews of the early modern period (ca. 1391â1789) in Europe, the Ottoman Empire, and key nodes of the Iberian Empires in the Americas.Each chapter explores key factors that shaped both distinctive early modern Jewish communities and a remarkably coalescent and far broader community-of-communities. The contributors engage and answer the following questions: What do historians mean by âœearly modernity,â and to what extent does the concept illuminate the history and culture(s) of Jews from the end of the Middle Ages to the Enlightenment? What were the general demographic contours of the Jewish diaspora over this period and how did they change? How did culture, politics, technology, economics, and gender shape diasporic Jewish communities across eastern and western Europe and the New World over the course

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Book SynopsisThis book seeks to understand the complex ways in which the Foreign Office adapted to the rise of identity politics in Britain as it administered British foreign policy during the Cold War and the end of the British Empire. After the Second World War, cultural changes in British society forced a reconsideration of erstwhile diplomatic archetypes, as restricting recruitment to white, heterosexual, upper- or middle-class men gradually became less socially acceptable and less politically expedient.After the advent of the tripartite school system and then mass university education, the Foreign Office had to consider recruiting candidates who were qualified but had not been socialized' in the public schools and Oxbridge. Similarly, the passage of the 1948 Nationality Act technically meant nonwhites were eligible to join. The rise of the gay rights movement and postwar women's liberation both generated further, unique dilemmas for Foreign Office recruiters. Diplomatic Identity iTable of ContentsIntroduction: 'Member of' 1. Sir Percival Waterfield and the Civil Service Selection Board Experiment, 1945–1960 2. The Foreign Office and the Grammar School Revolution, 1945–1980 3. Redbrick, Whitehall: The Diplomatic Service 'Image' and University Expansion, 1960–1970 4. 'The Mystic Link between Colour and Security': Ethnicity and Recruitment to the Diplomatic Service, 1948–1993 5. 'No Homosexuals Allowed': The Diplomatic Service Bar on Homosexuality, 1965–1995 6. 'Safety First'?: Gender and the Lifting of the Foreign Office Marriage Bar, 1945–1975. Conclusion: 'Larger-than-Life Graham Greeneness'

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Book SynopsisFor a number of years scholars who are concerned with issues of poverty and the poor have turned away from the study of charity and poor relief, in order to search for a view of the life of the poor from the point of view of the poor themselves. Great studies have been conducted using a variety of records, resulting in seminal works that have enriched our understanding of pauper experiences and the influence and impact of poverty on societies. If we return our gaze to âcharityâ with the benefit of those studies' questions, approaches, sources and findings, what might we see differently about how charity was experienced as a concept and in practice, at both community and personal levels? In this collection, contributors explore the experience of charity towards the poor, considering it in spiritual, intellectual, emotional, personal, social, cultural and material terms. The approach is a comparative one: across different time periods, nations, and faiths. Contributors pay particular attention to the way faith inflected charity in the different national environments of England and France, as Catholicism and Calvinism became outlawed and/or minority faith positions in these respective nations. They ask how different faith and beliefs defined or shaped the act of charity, and explore whether these changed over time even within one faith. The sources used to answer such questions go beyond the textual as contributors analyse a range of additional sources that include the visual, aural, and material.Table of ContentsExperiences of charity: complex motivations in the charitable endeavour, c. 1100-c. 1650. Part 1 The Written Record: From personal charity to centralised poor relief: the evolution of responses to the poor in Paris, c. 1250-1600. From cure to care: indignation, assistance and leprosy in the high Middle Ages. More blessed to give and receive: charitable giving in 13th- and early 14th-century Exempla. A market for charitable performances? Bequests to the poor and their recipients in 15th-century Norwich wills. The forms and functions of monastic poor relief in late medieval and early 16th-century England. Changing the practice of charity in 16th-century Norwich: 'the verie nedefull and urgent reformacion'. In pursuit of charity: Nicolas Houel and his Maison de la Charite chretienne in late 16th-century Paris. 'comme bons citoyens': faith and politics in the poor relief of later 16th-century gap. From France to England: Huguenot charity in London. Part 2 The Material Record: 'An ancient box': The Queen v. Robert Wortley and John Allen (1846), or, a history of the English parochial poor box c. 1547. Hearing the poor: experiencing the sounds of charity in early modern England. Remembering the poor: signs of charity in late medieval images and texts.

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Book SynopsisFirst published in 2003. There is an enormous literature on the origins of the First World War. This pamphlet focuses on the major issues involved in the topic and assesses the validity of the different interpretations advanced Beginning with the legacy of Bismarck's diplomacy between 1871 and 1890.Table of ContentsIntroduction to the third edition, Timeline of key events, 1 The origins of war, Bismarck's Legacy The Challenge of German Power The Balkans Crisis The Outbreak of War - July-August 1914 2. The Historical Debate

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Book SynopsisThis welcome second edition of A History of Eastern Europe provides a thematic historical survey of the formative processes of political, social and economic change which have played paramount roles in shaping the evolution and development of the region. Subjects covered include: Eastern Europe in ancient, medieval and early modern times the legacies of Byzantium, the Ottoman Empire and the Habsburg Empire the impact of the region''s powerful Russian and Germanic neighbours rival concepts of ''Central'' and ''Eastern'' Europe the experience and consequences of the two World Wars varieties of fascism in Eastern Europe the impact of Communism from the 1940s to the 1980s post-Communist democratization and marketization the eastward enlargement of the EU. A History of Eastern Europe now includes two new chronologies  one for the Balkans and one for East-Central Europe anTable of ContentsPart 1: The Balkan Peninsula from Graeco-Roman Times to the First World War Part 2: East Central Europe from the Roman Period to the First World War Part 3: From National Self-determination to Fascism and the Holocaust: the Balkans and East Central Europe, 1918–45 Part 4: In the Shadow of Yalta: The Communist-Dominated Balkans and East Central Europe, 1945–89 Part 5: Post-Communist Transformations

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Book SynopsisWith an interdisciplinary approach that encompasses the history of ideas, political history, cultural history and art history, this volume, in the successful Routledge Worlds series, offers a sweeping survey of Europe in the Renaissance, from the late thirteenth to early seventeenth centuries, and shows how the Renaissance laid key foundations for many aspects of the modern world.Collating thirty-four essays from the field's leading scholars, John Jeffries Martin shows that this period of rapid and complex change resulted from a convergence of a new set of social, economic and technological forces alongside a cluster of interrelated practices including painting, sculpture, humanism and science, in which the elites engaged.Unique in its balance of emphasis on elite and popular culture, on humanism and society, and on women as well as men, The Renaissance World grapples with issues as diverse as Renaissance patronage and the development of the slave traTrade Review"This book is one among a series (13 and counting) of compendious studies of periods or cultures published by Routledge, each designed to tell a very large story through a number of specifically detailed studies. ... It is brought into focus by scholars, most very well known, who provide exemplary detailed accounts of economic, intellectual, political, and religious transformations that make clear this period's claim as one of innovation and transformation. ... " -- CHOICE September 2008 Vol. 46 (A. Rabil, Jr., SUNY College at Old Westbury) Table of ContentsPart 1: Three Preludes 1. Rome at the Center of a Civilization 2. Framing and Mirroring the World 3. The Black Death, Tragedy, and Transformation Part 2: A World in Motion 4. The Manufacture and Movement of Goods 5. Cities, Towns, and New Forms of Culture 6. European Expansion and a New Order of Knowledge 7. The Invention of Europe 8. Humanity Part 3: The Movement of Ideas 9. The Circulation of Knowledge 10. Virgil and Homer in Poland 11. Montaigne in Italy 12. 'Shared Studies Foster Friendship': Humanism and History in Spain Katherine 13. Niccolò Machiavelli and Thomas More: Parallel Lives Part 4: The Circulation of Power 14. Courts, Art, and Power 15. An Imperial Renaissance 16. Renaissance Triumphalism in Art 17. The Ottoman Empire 18. Religious Authority and Ecclesiastical Governance 19. Mothers and Children 20. The Renaissance Goes Up in Smoke Part 5: Making Identities 21. Human Exceptionalism 22. Worthy of Faith? Authors and Readers in Early Modernity 23. The Renaissance Portrait: From Resemblance to Representation 24. Objects and Identity: Antonio de’Medici and the Casino at San Marco in Florence 25. Food: Pietro Aretino and the Art of Conspicuous Consumption 26. Shakespeare’s Dream of Retirement Part 6: Beliefs and Reforms 27.Speaking Books, Moving Images 28. Religious Minorities 29. Humanism and the Dream of Christian Unity 30. Christian Reform and its Discontents 31. A Tale of Two Tribunals 32. Christianity in Sixteenth-Century Brazil 33. Toward a Sacramental Poetics Part 7: A New Order of Knowledge 34. The Sun at the Center of the World

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Book SynopsisThis new biography of Stalin offers an accessible and up-to-date representation of one of the twentieth-centuryâs defining figures, as well as new insights, analysis and illumination to deepen our understanding of his actions, intentions and the nature of the power that he wielded. Christopher Read examines Stalinâs contribution to and impact on Russian and world events in the first half of the twentieth century. The biography brings together the avalanche of sources and scholarship which followed the collapse of the system Stalin constructed, including the often neglected writings and speeches of Stalin himself. In addition to a detailed narrative and analysis of Stalinâs rule, chapters also cover his early years and humble beginnings in a small town at a remote outpost of the Russian Empire, his role in the revolution, his relationships with Lenin, Trotsky and others in the 1920s, and his rise to become one of the most powerful figures in human history. The book closes with an account of Stalinâs afterlife and legacy, both in the immediate aftermath of his death and in the decades since. This concise account of Stalinâs life is the perfect introduction for students of modern Russian history. Trade Review"In this myth-busting biography, Chris Read is clear: Stalin may have been a monster, but he was a Marxist-Leninist monster. Read challenges the reader to accept that Stalin could only have done the terrible things he did because he was popular, and for that reason alone this book should be read by all students of history."Emeritus Professor Geoffrey Swain, former Alec Nove Chair in Russian and East European Studies, University of Glasgow, UKTable of ContentsPreface Chronology From Djugashvili to Stalin The Grey Blur – Stalin in Revolution and Civil War Filling Lenin’s Shoes Storming Fortresses Nine Circles of Hell Stalin, the Soviet Union and the World in the 1930s The Tenth Circle of Hell: Invasion, Occupation, Victory - War without limits] World Stage, Final Act Stalin’s Afterlife – an Inconclusive Conclusion Further Reading Index

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Book SynopsisAspects of Greek History 750- 323 BC: A Source-Based Approach offers an indispensable introduction to the central period of Greek History for all students of classics, from pre-university to undergraduate level. Chapter by chapter, the relevant historical periods from the age of colonization to Alexander the Great are reconstructed. Emphasis is laid on the interpretation of the available sources, and the book sets out to give a clear treatment of all the major problems within a chronological framework.This new edition brings the book up-to-date with the latest scholarship and includes a more detailed study of Sparta, Delian League, and the Athenian Empire, expands the range of sources examined, and offers an extended discussion of the growth of Athenian Imperialism towards Samos, Mytilene and Melos.It includes: a critical discussion of the lives, works, usefulness and reliability of the main literary sources: Thucydides, Herodotus, Xenophon, PlutTable of Contents1. The Main Literary Sources 2. The Causes of Colonization in Archaic Greece 3. The Age of Greek Tyranny, c650–510 4. The 'Lycurgan' Reforms and The Rise of Sparta in the 7th and 6th Centuries 5. The Reforms of Solon 6. The Tyranny of the Peisistratids at Athens 7. The Reforms of Cleisthenes and the Development of Athenian Democracy 8. Athenian Politics from Cleisthenes to the Outbreak of the Persian War 9. The Persian War: Greek Strategy and the Leadership of Sparta in 480–479 10. The Delian League and Athenian Empire 11. Athenian Politics, 487-462/1 12. Spartan Foreign Policy and Problems in the Peloponnese, 478–446/5 13. The Democratic Reforms of Ephialtes and Pericles, 462/1–451/0 14. The Institutions of Athenian Democracy 15. Athenian Foreign Policy in the First Peloponnesian War, 462/1–446/5 16. The Athenian Empire: Means of Control, Benefits and Popularity 17. The Causes of the Peloponnesian War 18. Pericles and the Nature of Athenian Politics 19. Athenian and Spartan Strategy in the Archidamian War, 431–421 20. Sparta, The Peloponnese and the Outbreak of the Decelean War, 421-413 21. Athens and the West, 458–413 22. Persian Intervention in the Ionian War, 413–404 23. The Rise and Fall of the Oligarchic Movement in Athens, 411–410 24. Spartan Foreign Policy, 404–387/6 25. The 'Hegemony' of Thebes, 371–362 26. The Rise of Macedon (359–336): Diplomacy and Warfare under Philip II 27. Alexander's Generalship at the Battles of Granicus River (334), Issus (333), and Gaugamela (331)

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Book SynopsisThrough a thematic and broadly chronological approach, Wolsey offers a fascinating insight into the life and legacy of a man who was responsible for building Henry VIIIâs reputation as Englandâs most impressive king. The book reviews Thomas Wolseyâs record as the realmâs leading Churchman, Lord Chancellor and political patron and thereby demonstrates how and why Wolsey became central to Henryâs government for 20 years. By analysing Wolseyâs role in key events such as the Field of Cloth of Gold, the study highlights how significant Wolsey was in directing and conducting Englandâs foreign relations as the kingâs most trusted advisor. Based on up-to-date research, Richardson not only newly appraises the circumstances of Wolseyâs fall but also challenges accusations of treason made against him. This study provides a new appreciation of Wolseyâs importance as a cultural and artistic patron, as well as a royal administrator and politician; roles which helped to bring both Henry VIII and England to the forefront of foreign relations in the early-sixteenth century. Presenting Wolsey in his contemporary and historiographical contexts more fully than any currently available study, Wolsey is perfect for students of Tudor England. Trade Review'A very professional, competent and workmanlike book that will be most helpful for students and that will inform general readers.'George Bernard, University of Southampton, UKTable of ContentsIntroduction Wolsey and the Historians 1 From Ipswich to Hampton Court: Wolsey’s Rise to Power 2 Cloth of Gold: Wolsey’s ‘Universal’ Peace 3 Chief Executive: Wolsey in Council and Court 4 Cardinal Legate: Wolsey and the English Church 5 Cardinal Benefactor: Wolsey’s Cultural and Educational Patronage 6 ‘Cardinalis Pacificus’: Wolsey’s ‘Eternal’ Peace 7 The Cardinal’s Greatest Matter: Wolsey and the Annulment 8 The turn of Fortune’s Wheel: Wolsey’s Fall Conclusion The Cardinal’s Legacy

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Book SynopsisTable of Contents1. Birth – The Convent – Marriage 2. Society – The Salons 3. The Pleasures of Society 4. Love 5. Married Life 6. The Woman of the Middle Classes 7. The Woman of the People – The Fille Galante 8. Beauty and the Mode 9. The Domination and Intelligence of Woman 10. The Soul of Woman 11. Woman in Her Old Age 12. The Philosophy and Death of Woman

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Book SynopsisThis third edition of British Culture is the complete introduction to culture and the arts in Britain today. Extensively illustrated and offering a wider range of topics than ever before, David P. Christopher identifies and analyses key areas in language, literature, film, TV, social media, popular music, sport and other fields, setting each one in a clear, historical context.British Culture enables students of British society to understand and enjoy a fascinating range of contemporary arts through an examination of current trends, such as the influence of business and commerce, the effects of globalization and the spread of digital communications. This new edition features: fully revised and updated chapters analyzing a range of key areas within British culture new chapters on cyberculture, heritage and festivals extracts from novels and plays. This student-friendly edition also strengthens rTrade Review"This is an excellent introductory text for students of contemporary British society and culture. The work is engagingly and clearly written, providing readers with not only an accessible summary of relevant topics but also a range of helpful case-studies. Recently updated, this study should continue to serve as the standard work in this field."Peter Donaldson, University of Kent, UK"British Culture (3rd edition) provides a "complete introduction to culture and the arts," placed in the context of major developments in the political, social and economic history of England, Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland—as well as the United Kingdom’s changing relations to Europe, North America, the Commonwealth, and the wider world—since 1945. Anyone interested in the increasingly plural and complex character of 21st-century Britain will find it an instructive and engaging study. British Culture is a versatile accomplishment, and can be profitably read from front to back, or, for more targeted research, approached by individual chapters or sections. Its organization makes it readily accessible as both a survey and a reference."Richard Floyd, University of Virginia, USA"Unlike many who proffer an introduction to Britain’s culture, Christopher focusses on its enviable products. He casts the work of writers and journalists, film and television makers, fashion designers and musicians against a half century of social and political history. A fine book for courses which locate British Literature within a wider context."Simon Cook, Utrecht University, The NetherlandsTable of ContentsList of figures. List of tables. Acknowledgements. Introduction. Timeline. 1. The Social and Cultural Context 2. Language in Culture 3. Cyberculture 4. Newspapers, Magazines and Journalism 5. Literature 6. Theatre 7. Cinema 8. Television and Radio 9. Art and Architecture 10. Popular Music and Fashion 11. Sport 12. Heritage and Festivals. Glossary. Index.

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Book SynopsisA study of the period 1832 to 1931 and the extension of the franchise, designed to fulfil the AS and A Level specifications from September 2000. The two AS sections deal with narrative and explanation of the topic. The A2 section reflects the different demands of the higher level exam.Table of ContentsAS SECTION: NARRATIVE AND EXPLANATION Parliamentary Reform, 1815-50 How was society changing? 2 How was Britain governed? 3 Why did pressure for parliamentary reform increase after 1815? 4 Why did Parliament vote to reform itself? 5 What was the impact of the Great Reform Act? 6 Did the Reform Act lead to further reforms? 7 What was the Chartist movement? AS Assessment: Parliamentary Reform 1815-50 Votes for Women, 1867-1928 8 What was the status of women in Victorian society? 9 Why did the campaign for women's suffrage begin in the 1860s? 10 How successful was the early suffragist movement? 11 What were the origins of the militant suffragette movement? 12 How did the First World War affect the campaign for women's suffrage? 13 What was the impact on British society of the enfranchisement of women? AS Assessment: Votes for Women, 1867-1928 A2 SECTION: ANALYSIS AND INTERPRETATION Representation and Democracy, 1830-1931 1 Why democracy? 2 How undemocratic was the British political system? 3 How did the electoral system become more democratic? 4 What was the significance of these reforms? 5 Why was the transition to democracy such a lengthy business? 6 What was the impact on the political parties? 7 What was the impact on the role of the State? 8 Conclusion A2 Assessment: Representation and Democracy in Britain, 1830-1931 A2 Assessment: The Development of Democracies - Part 1: Great Britain, 1867-1918

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Book Synopsis

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