Ethics and moral philosophy Books

Book SynopsisMore than ever, people across the planet want deep and meaningful change. From those campaigning for social justice and ecological sustainability, to those who want to protect animals, indigenous cultures and those in poverty, millions are realising that another world is not only possible, but absolutely essential. Yet despite the creative and determined efforts of so many, our crises deepen. A politico-economic system, increasingly benefiting a small elite, has brought us to the brink of climate catastrophe, ransacking ecosystems and unravelling communities, forcing us into unhealthy ways of life that conflict with our deepest yearnings. The problem may no longer be a lack of will - but a dogmatic adherence to laws and cultural narratives designed to keep things just the way they are. In this incendiary book, best-selling author Mark Boyle explores, with terrible beauty, the uncharted depths of these challenges, and how we might face them with dignity, great heart and potency.Drawing on inspiration from the natural world, he sets out the case for the rewilding of our political landscapes, calling for solidarity between reformers, revolutionaries and resisters for the creation of a world worth sustaining. His uncompromising and surprising conclusions could revolutionise the way we face the challenges of our time.Trade ReviewThere are two books that have shifted my world entirely: Naomi Klein's 'This Changes Everything' and Mark Boyle's 'Drinking Molotov Cocktails' with Gandhi - and of the two, Boyle's is by far the most affecting. If you care about the planet, about our place on it, about the devastation that is modern western living, you have to read this book. Read it, think on it, act on it. Only by each of us doing this, can we hope to be the change we need to see in the world. It's terrifying. But it's the truth. Manda Scott, Sunday Times best-selling author of Boudica and Rome; Mark Boyle's book throws down the gauntlet at the feet of the world as we know it. His challenge to the complicity of all of us even those of us who work for change and against injustice in a system that is destroying the planet and most of its species will trouble many. So too will his endorsement of violent methods of resistance alongside the more accepted nonviolent ones. But he asks questions that need answering at every turn and his call for the climate-change generation to replace reduce, reuse, recycle with resist, revolt, rewild strikes a nerve. Chris Brazier, New Internationalist

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Book SynopsisRoger Kennedy has written a masterful investigation into the concept of evil. He begins with a general view of the subject before moving into more detailed analysis. First is a review of the science of evil, including evidence from neuroscience and social psychology. This is followed by psychoanalytical studies of the individual and groups before presenting an overview of the philosophy of evil. Also included are historical and social studies which inform an understanding of evil in action. Kennedy goes on to examine the nature of genocide using a main focus on the Holocaust and of slavery. Both of these “journeys to evil” remain relevant for understanding contemporary society and issues. The Nazi past continues to disturb and resonate decades on. The politics and social fabric of Western society was reliant on slavery as a foundation of economic wealth and is haunted by its inability to process the harsh reality of slavery and its continuing after-effects. Kennedy moves from there to a discussion on the genius of Shakespeare and his encapsulation of the essential features of how evil can develop and take over a person’s inner world. The book concludes with a summary of the main themes and a look at those who have resisted evil and what we can learn from them if we are to build a society that can resist the forces of evil. The book is informed by a psychoanalytic approach, with its emphasis on the power and influence of unconscious processes underlying human actions, and on the role of inner conflicting and elemental fears and anxieties often driving individual and group behaviours. It brings fresh insight to an eternal discourse.Trade Review‘Roger Kennedy brings wide-ranging perspectives to describe and understand this very difficult and compelling subject. History, philosophy, religion, morality, neuroscience, primatology, psychology, and other disciplines are brought together as well as refracted through psychoanalytic understandings. Human destructiveness is not a direct consequence of our animal instincts, nor is it innate. Rather, evil is a consequence of being human as he observes that our species “annihilates the human subject and obliterates human agency”. This is a tough and compelling read in resisting our species’ vicious destructiveness.’ -- Dr Jonathan Sklar, training analyst, British Psychoanalytical Society‘Dr Roger Kennedy worked as a Consultant Family Psychiatrist in the NHS at the famous Cassel Hospital in London for almost thirty years and was an Honorary Senior Lecturer in Psychiatry at Imperial College London. He has written widely on psychoanalysis and families at breaking point. His new book, The Evil Imagination, is a fascinating and ambitious exploration of one of the great subjects of our time: evil. One of the most thoughtful psychoanalytic thinkers of our time, Dr Kennedy asks what leads people to commit evil acts and how can we use the latest psychoanalytic thinking to make sense of evil?’ -- David Herman, writer and former TV producer of programmes on psychoanalysis and the history of madness‘We find ourselves surrounded by such an abundance of expressed evil that our own imaginations are drowned out by the lived atrocities. Roger Kennedy alerts us to the megalomania that has permitted humans to comfortably annihilate the other – body and culture – and how this is a leitmotif of the mass atrocities of both the past and present. We find some measure of comfort in his book through his illustrating how we can transform rage into scholarship, sorrow into insight, and helplessness into teaching. The Holocaust serves as the representative evil of our species. In immersing ourselves in Kennedy’s masterful yet accessible collection of groundbreaking neuroscience, uplifting poetry, and insight-providing psychoanalytic perspectives, we are able to use the best of who we are in order to honourably encounter the worst of who we are. In reading Kennedy's book, I feel redoubled in my efforts to unpack the obstructions to the good-enough affects in each of us. This, so that we will contain a counterweight to our destructiveness and thereby perhaps, just perhaps, we may survive.’ -- Harvey Schwartz, training and supervising analyst, Psychoanalytic Association of New York; host of the IPA podcast, Psychoanalysis On and Off the CouchTable of ContentsAbout the author 1. Terrains of evil 2. The science of evil 3. Psychoanalysis and evil 4. The philosophy of evil 5. Journeys to evil: The Holocaust and British-American slavery 6. Shakespeare and evil—the dagger of the mind 7. Summary and final comments Endnotes References Index

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Book SynopsisEdited and with an introduction by Eugene Thacker, On the Suffering of the World comprises a core selection of Schopenhauer's later writings, gathered together for the first time in print. These texts, produced during the last decades of Schopenhauer's long life, reveal a unique kind of philosophy, expressed in a singular style. Eschewing the tradition of dry, totalizing, academic philosophy prevalent during the time, Schopenhauer's later writings mark a shift towards a philosophy of aphorisms, fragments, anecdotes and observations, written in a literary style that is by turns antagonistic, resigned, confessional, and filled with all the fragile contours of an intellectual memoir. Here Schopenhauer allows himself to pose challenging questions regarding the fate of the human species, the role of suffering in the world, and the rift between self and world that increasingly has come to define human existence, to this day. It is these writings of Schopenhauer that later generations of artists, poets, musicians, and philosophers would identify as exemplifying the pessimism of their era, and perhaps of our own as well. On the Suffering of the World is presented with an introduction that places Schopenhauer's thought in its intellectual context, while also connecting it to contemporary concerns over climate change, the anthropocene, and the spectre of human extinction. The book also includes a bibliography and chronology of Schopenhauer's life.Trade Review"Thacker’s introductory essay insightfully sketches the biographical and intellectual context of Schopenhauer’s distinctly zestful reflections on the vanity of life, the fear of death and humankind’s place in the universe.""Schopenhauer’s reputation as the bard of pessimism makes him the perfect philosopher for the Covid era, Thacker argues in his foreword to these aphoristic late essays."

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Book SynopsisWhat makes Time, Ignorance, and Death inevitable? Do they have something in common? A pioneer of reducing that deadly something leads a short tour of where it''s found and displaced. Sayre''s tour visits some unusual places. An immigrant neighborhood builds a microgrid. A remote radio telescope solves how to detect intelligence in the universe. A quantum mystery is resolved by our own incomplete view. All are related.The tour''s destination is a moral compass and hope in tragedy.

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Book SynopsisSimulating Good and Evil shows that the moral panic surrounding violent videogames is deeply misguided, and often politically motivated, but that games are nevertheless morally important. Simulated actions are morally defensible because they take place outside the real world and do not inflict real harms. Decades of research purporting to show that videogames are immoral has failed to produce convincing evidence of this. However, games are morally important because they simulate decisions that would have moral weight if they were set in the real world. Videogames should be seen as spaces in which players may experiment with moral reasoning strategies without taking any actions that would themselves be subject to moral evaluation. Some videogame content may be upsetting or offensive, but mere offense does not necessarily indicate a moral problem. Upsetting content is best understood by applying existing theories for evaluating political ideologies and offensive speech. Trade Review"A thoughtful and challenging read. Schulzke leaves no stone unturned as he asks us to consider what values we bring to games with as players, consumers, and enthusiasts." -- Aaron Trammell * Editor-in-Chief of Analog Game Studies *"A thoughtful and challenging read. Schulzke leaves no stone unturned as he asks us to consider what values we bring to games with as players, consumers, and enthusiasts." -- Aaron Trammell * Editor-in-Chief of Analog Game Studies *Table of ContentsContents Introduction 1 The Conceptual Terrain of Simulation 2 The Moral Panic Surrounding Videogames 3 Imaginary Transgressions 4 Digital Morality 5 The Many Faces of Moral Reflection 6 Persuasive Games and Ideological Manipulation 7 Speaking Through Games Conclusion Acknowledgements Bibliography Index

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Book SynopsisThis book affords a neopragmatic theory of animal ethics, taking its lead from American Pragmatism to place language at the centre of philosophical analysis. Following a method traceable to Dewey, Wittgenstein and Rorty, Hadley argues that many enduring puzzles about human interactions with animals can be ‘dissolved’ by understanding why people use terms like dignity, respect, naturalness, and inherent value. Hadley shifts the debate about animal welfare and rights from its current focus upon contentious claims about value and animal mindedness, to the vocabulary people use to express their concern for the suffering and lives of animals. With its emphasis on public concern for animals, animal neopragmatism is a uniquely progressive and democratic theory of animal ethics.Table of Contents1. Introduction.- 2. The Political Problem of Welfare.- 3. The Philosophical Problem of Welfare.- 4. Relational Hedonism.- 5. Responses to the Welfare Problems.- 6. Two Problems for Animal Rights Theory.- 7. Objections to Animal Neopragmatism.- 8. Welfare, Rights, and Pragmatism.

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Book SynopsisThis book presents an original worldview, Homo risibilis, wherein self-referential humor is proposed as the path leading from a tragic view of life to a liberating embrace of human ridicule. Humor is presented as a conceptual tool for holding together contradictions and managing the unresolvable conflict of the human condition till Homo risibilis resolves the inherent tension without epistemological cost. This original approach to the human condition allows us to effectively address life’s ambiguities without losing sight of its tragic overtones and brings along far-ranging personal and social benefits.By defining the problem that other philosophies and many religions attempt to solve in terms we can all relate to, Homo risibilis enables an understanding of the Other that surpasses mere tolerance. Its egalitarian vision roots an ethic of compassion without requiring metaphysical or religious assumptions and liberates the individual for action on others’ behalf. It offers a new model of rationality which effectively handles and eventually resolves the tension between oneself, others, and the world at large. Amir’s view of the human condition transcends the field of philosophy of humor. An original worldview that fits the requirements of traditional philosophy, Homo risibilis is especially apt to answer contemporary concerns. It embodies the minimal consensus we need in order to live together and the active role philosophy should responsibly play in a global world. Here developed for the first time in a complete way, the Homo risibilis worldview is not only liberating in nature, but also illuminates the shortcomings of other philosophies in their attempts to secure harmony in a disharmonious world for a disharmonious human being.Trade Review“There is plenty of material here for philosophers given its provocative claims but also in its mine of quotes and diligent footnoting. At the same time, the argument is not weighed down by jargon and there should be value for some readers outside philosophy. ... the book conveys an intellectual energy that could stimulate a rewarding exploration of ideas.” (Mark Weeks, European Journal of Humour Research, Vol. 9 (4), 2021)Table of Contents1. The Human Predicament.- 2. To Solve or Nor to Solve....- 3. Handling Contradictions.- 4. Revisiting Philosophic Ideals.- 5. Homo risibilis: The Ridiculous Human Being.- 6. The Good Life I: Joy, Happiness, Timelessness.- 7. The Good Life II: Compassion, Skepticism, Lucidity.

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Book SynopsisThis book turns to virtue language as an important resource for understanding moral injury, a form of subjectivity where one feels they can no longer strive to be good as a result of wartime experience. Drawing specifically on Iris Murdoch’s moral philosophy, and examining the experiences of civilians during the Bosnian War (1992-5), Joseph Wiinikka-Lydon argues that current research into war and current understandings of subjectivity need new ways to articulate the moral dimension of being a subject if we are to understand how violence affects one’s moral being and development. He develops an understanding of the human person as a tensile moral subject, one that forefronts the moral challenges and vulnerability inherent in lives affected by war. With these resources, Wiinikka-Lydon argues for a moral vocabulary and images of the human as a moral being that can better articulate the experience of violence and moral injury. Trade Review“Moral Injury and the Promise of Virtue offers original contributions to the moral injury conversation and is valuable reading for caregivers and community leaders supporting those who have suffered moral wounds of war and scholars of conflict and international relations seeking to avoid the tragedy of them occurring in the first place. It is also particularly relevant for moral theologians interested in understanding war and trauma though philosophical lenses of virtue and moral development … of moral injury.” (Darren Cronshaw, Studies in Christian Ethics, Vol. 35 (2), May, 2022)Table of Contents 1. Introduction 2. From Subjectivity to Moral Subjectivity 3. Moral Subjectivity and the Language of Virtue 4. Tensile Moral Subjects 5. The Domination of Void 6. Moral Subjectivity, Moral Injury 7. Conclusion

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Book SynopsisThis open access book offers a unique and practically oriented study of organisational and national conditions for implementing Responsible Research Innovation (RRI) policies and practices. It gives the reader a thorough understanding of the different aspects of RRI, and of barriers and drivers of implementation of RRI related policies. It shows how different organisational and national contexts provide unique challenges and opportunities for bringing RRI into practice. The book provides concrete examples and offers the reader both a theory-based understanding of the topic, as well as guidance for action. The target audience encompasses, in addition to RRI students and scholars in particular, all students and scholars in the field of Science and Technology Studies (STS). The book is also of interest to students and scholars in the fields of research ethics, philosophy of science, organisational governance in the research system and organisational theory more generally. Finally, the book is of use to practitioners in research conducting and funding organisations working to implement RRI. Table of Contents1. About this report.- 2. General introduction to the RRI-Practice Study. - 3. Organizational Drivers for Responsible Research and Innovation.- 4. Organizational Barriers for Responsible Research and Innovation.- 5. Discussion of key findings in the organisational study.- 6. Overview of national discourse by country.- 7. How national contexts affect the RRI keys and dimensions.- 8. The who, why and how questions and the AIRR dimensions.- 9. Discussion and conclusion on the national comparison.

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Book SynopsisThis book offers a sustained and vigorous defence of free expression and objective enquiry situated in the context of the current culture wars. In the spirit of J. S. Mill, Benn investigates objections to the ideal of free expression in relation to harm and offence, reaching broadly liberal conclusions with reference to recent examples of attempts to curb free speech on university campuses. Accepting that some expressions can cause non-physical harm, Benn also considers objections to free speech based on certain understandings of power and privilege. In its exploration and rejection of arguments against the possibility of obtaining objective truth, the book navigates hotly contested fields of contemporary debate, including feminism and identity politics. It challenges the dogma of social constructionism and examines current notions of identity, arguing that a case for fairness can be made without appealing to them. Offering a qualified endorsement of friendship between ideological opponents, Benn highlights common obstacles to civil and rational discussions, concluding with a rational, moral, and broadly spiritual solution to the cultural combat that monopolises present-day society. Table of Contents1 Freedom of Enquiry 2 Taking Offence 3 Subjective Authority and Unwelcome Facts 4 Power, Privilege, and Identity 5 ‘Friending’ the Enemy 6 The Sleep of Reason

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Book SynopsisThis book offers a considered yet entertaining reflection on the progress of modern scientific research. The winding path of science can only be understood by revealing the personal, human side of scientific research, demystifying the actions of the scientist and exposing the human drama on the stage of science. The book looks at the true nature of contemporary science and scientists through the lens of the personal experiences of the author, a renowned and leading materials scientist, over the last half century. It examines the positive threads of modern scientific progress in sober juxtaposition to the manifest negative developments arising from stiff competition within the current academic landscape. A collection of stories and real-life anecdotes is presented in parallel to the career of the author, providing a first-hand account of important achievements in the field of materials science. As a result, this book provides fascinating reading for students, seasoned scientists, and anybody else interested in the workings and machinations of modern science.Trade Review“This is a fascinating book that should appeal to anyone wanting to have a view of the life of a typical academic scientist. … this book is thought provoking and should be of interest to anyone already working in science, especially those intending to work in science. There are many warnings and, at the same time, delights to be found in the numerous anecdotes and descriptions provided by the author. It is a generally good and entertaining read.” (A. Mike Glazer, Journal of Applied Crystallography, Vol. 56, 2023)“The book is a mixture of family history, the history of science, an insight into the politics of science, impressions of the publishing world … . It is recommended reading for researchers at all levels who are interested in materials-science research, funding and politics. … This book is a gem. A gem in the rough perhaps, but all the more genuine and valuable (to many) for that.” (C. Barry Carter, Journal of Materials Science, Vol. 58, 2023)Table of ContentsThe Parents.- Growing Up.- Touching Science; School Years.- The Notions Science and Physical Law.- The Becoming of a Scientist.

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Book SynopsisThis open access book brings together a range of contributions that seek to explore the ethical issues arising from the overlap between counter-terrorism, ethics, and technologies. Terrorism and our responses pose some of the most significant ethical challenges to states and people. At the same time, we are becoming increasingly aware of the ethical implications of new and emerging technologies. Whether it is the use of remote weapons like drones as part of counter-terrorism strategies, the application of surveillance technologies to monitor and respond to terrorist activities, or counterintelligence agencies use of machine learning to detect suspicious behavior and hacking computers to gain access to encrypted data, technologies play a significant role in modern counter-terrorism. However, each of these technologies carries with them a range of ethical issues and challenges. How we use these technologies and the policies that govern them have broader impact beyond just the identification and response to terrorist activities. As we are seeing with China, the need to respond to domestic terrorism is one of the justifications for their rollout of the “social credit system.” Counter-terrorism technologies can easily succumb to mission creep, where a technology’s exceptional application becomes normalized and rolled out to society more generally. This collection is not just timely but an important contribution to understand the ethics of counter-terrorism and technology and has far wider implications for societies and nations around the world.Table of Contents1. Drones As A Tool In Counter-Terrorism.- 2. Deception Strategies In Autonomous Warfare.- 3. Rethinking Drones As Terrorist Weapons.- 4. Proportionality, Surveillance And Counter-Terrorism.- 5. Privacy, Encryption And Counter-Terrorism.- 6. The Rise Of The Modern Intelligence State.- 7. Acceptability Of Bulk Facial Recognition for Counter-Terrorism: The Case For A Total Ban.- 8. “No cracks, no blind spots, no gaps”: Technologically-enabled “Preventive” Counterterrorism and Mass Repression in Xinjiang, China.- 9. Media Ecologies, On-Line Radicalisation And Bottom-Up CVE Approaches.- 10. The Ethics of Regulating Extremist Content Online.- 11. Terrorism And The Internet Of Things: Cyberterrorism Will Happen.- 12. Violent Non State Actors And The Technology Adoption Curve.

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Book SynopsisThe text introduces engineering to first-year undergraduate students using Inquiry-Based Learning (IBL). It draws on several different inquiry-based instruction types such as confirmation inquiry, structured inquiry, guided inquiry, and open inquiry, and all of their common elements. Professor Blum’s approach emphasizes the student’s role in the learning process, empowering them in the classroom to explore the material, ask questions, and share ideas, instead of the instructor lecturing to passive learners about what they need to know. Beginning with a preface to IBL, the book is organized into three parts, each consisting of four to ten chapters. Each chapter has a dedicated topic where an initial few paragraphs of introductory or fundamental material are provided. This is followed by a series of focused questions that guide the students’ learning about the concept(s) being taught. Featuring multiple inquiry-based strategies, each most appropriate to the topic, An Inquiry-Based Approach to Introduction to Engineering stands as an easy to use textbook that quickly allows students to actively engage with the content during every class period. Table of ContentsPart I: Being an Effective Student 1) Achieving Success in Engineering 2) Teaching & Learning Approaches 3) Essential Skills for Learning4) Understanding Yourself and Others Part II: The Engineering Profession 5) The Engineering Profession 6) Engineering Problem Solving 7) Engineering Design and Experiments 8) Engineering Ethics 9) Engineering Communication Part III: Engineering Fundamental Parameters10) Dimensions and Units 11) Length 12) Time 13) Mass 14) Force 15) Temperature 16) Electric Current 17) Power, Energy and Efficiency18) Engineering Mathematics, Models and Reasoning

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Book SynopsisThis open access book provides an overview of issues of scientific responsibility. The volume comprises three types of contributions: first, analyses of the responsibility of science; second, analyses of the structural conditions for science and its responsibility; and third, normative versions of scientific responsibility. The questions and problems dealt with include science as a profession, ambivalence of research and dual-use, innovation vs. precaution, notions of responsibility, the role of science within society and its relation to human rights, as well as scientific and public discourses. The book addresses scholars in the fields of Science Studies and Research Policy.This is an open access book.Table of ContentsPreface.- Part 1. Analyses of the Responsibility of Science.- 1. Responsibility in Science: The Philosophical View (Hans Lenk).- 2. Science as a Profession and its Responsibility (Harald A. Mieg).- 3. Corporate Responsibility: A Principle of Responsive Adjustment (Peter A. French).- Part 2. The Social Sciences View: Structural Conditions for Science Responsibility.- 4. Science Policy: From the Linear Model to Responsible Research and Innovation (Philip Macnaghten).- 5. European Law: The Precautionary Principle and Science-based Innovation in Europe (Ellen Vos & Kristel de Smedt).- 6. History of Science: Ambivalence(s) in the Research and use of Nuclear Energy (Horst Kant).- Part 3. The Scientists' Voice on the Responsibility of Science.- 7. Between Parrhesia and Fake: Scientific Responsibility Today (Rainer E. Zimmermann).- 8. On the Responsibility of Science for Guaranteeing Human Rights: In the Fight Against Human Degradation, Racism, and Anti-Semitism (Klaus Fuchs-Kittowski).- 9. The Ambivalences of the Digital: Humans and Technologies Between new Options (dreams) and (un)noticeable Losses (Hartmut Graßl et al.)- Index.

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Book SynopsisIn this book, German philosopher Julian Nida-Rümelin presents a theory of practical reason that is objectivist, or rather realist, as an alternative to the widespread subjectivism in the theory of rationality. This theory has pragmatic traits that can be read as a constructive counterpart to Nida-Rümelin's critique of consequentialism whilst embedding its conception of rationality in the conceptual framework of decision and game theory.Table of Contents1. Introduction and Overview2. Practical Philosophy3. Structural Rationality4. Structural Agency5. The Phenomenology of Structural Rationality6. Morality and Rationality7. The Efficacy of Reasons8. Metaphysical Aspects

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Book SynopsisThis two-volume work examines far-reaching debates on the concept of courage from Greek antiquity to the Christian and mediaeval periods, as well as the modern era. Volume 1 begins with Homeric poetry and the politics of fearless demi-gods thriving on war. The tales of lion-hearted Heracles, Achilles, and Ulysses, and their tragic fall at the hands of fate, eventually give way to classical views of courage based on competing theories of rational wisdom and truth. Fears of the enemy and anxieties about suffering and death are addressed through the lenses and teachings of medicine, geography, military history, moral philosophy, and metaphysics. For early Christian thinkers, the ethics of fear, fate, and fealty to the Almighty supplant the voice of reason and the wisdom of virtue. Much of Christian doctrine's history is a long journey towards bridging the gap between Greek philosophy and devotion to God and spirits in heaven. Some Church Fathers attempt to dispel the fear of suffering through a joyful craving for martyrdom and the eternal blessings that follow. Others show openness to one or more of the following principles: the abstractions of moral philosophy, the metaphysics of Gnostic enlightenment, the gift of free will and intentionality, the growth of church authority and hegemony, and the intrinsic worth of life on Earth. Augustine, Ambrose, Cassian, and Chrysostom play a central role in revisiting the foundations of Christian fortitude along some or all of these lines. They lay the groundwork for the scholastic adaptations of faith-based rationalism proposed by Peter Lombard, Philip the Chancellor, Albert the Great, and Thomas of Aquinas. The mediaeval period ends with church dissidents and Protestant Reform leaders condemning Rome’s corruption and calling for a return to early Christian faith and the courage of godly fear, submission, suffering, and fate. Table of Contents1 The Roots of Courage 2 Fearlessness and Fate in Ancient Greece 3 Soldierly Courage and Wisdom 4 Wisdom Above Soldierly Courage 5 Wisdom as Courage 6 The Courage of Natural Living 7 Courage, Wisdom, and Mysticism 8 Fear and Love in Early Christianity 9 Living, Conquering, and Ruling 10 Overtures to Reason and the Gift of Love 11 Freedom and the Wisdom of Love and Fortitude 12 Courage in the Early Middle Ages and Islam 13 Crusading and Dying for Christ 14 Reason, Faith, and Charity 15 Intentionality and Powers of the Will 16 Challenging and Reforming the Church 17 Custodians of the Earth

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Book SynopsisThis two-volume work examines far-reaching debates on the concept of courage from Greek antiquity to the Christian and mediaeval periods, as well as the modern era. Volume 1 explains how competing accounts of epistêmê, rational wisdom, and truth dominated classical antiquity. Early Christian and mediaeval thinkers, in contrast, favoured fortitude founded on faith and fear of God over philosophical reasoning left to its own devices. Volume 2 turns to theories of courage from the early modern period to the present. It shows how the twin laws of polis and physis are at the heart of post-medieval thought. Courage is found at the crossroads of love and dread, freedom and fate, happiness and suffering, as well as power and submission to the ruling order. The later influence of evolutionism, existentialism, and the social and natural sciences on moral philosophy is also addressed at some length. The protection of people's best interests, the passions and powers of the human will, and the rule of active energy in all aspects of life supplant courage formerly viewed through the lens of reason or faith, or a combination of the two. These new ideas, paradoxically, herald the end of the ethics of courage. They also undermine the courage of ethical thinking. Courage is no longer an end in itself, nor is it a means to happiness "at the end." Regardless of what Gandhi, Tillich, and Foucault have to say about the topic, late modernity and the global age witness a marked loss of interest in courage as an idea worthy of conceptual investigation. Debates about the moral implications of courage give way to the value-free science of resilience, which studies how people can recover from past trauma and find wellness, primarily in the realm of physis. Table of Contents1 Truth, Power, and Life 2 The Body and the Body Politic 3 Self-interest and the Sovereign 4 Justice, the Laws of Nature, and God 5 Moral Sympathy and Higher Passions 6 The Natural and Rational Duty to God and Country 7 Michel de Montaigne and the Vanity of Reason 8 Language, Self-consciousness, and Learning Experiences 9 Reasons Examined in Good Conscience 10 The Evolution of Mind, Species, and Society 11 Variations in Evolutionary Ethics 12 Utilitarianism and Relativism with a Bias 13 Emerson’s Heroes of Truth 14 The Courage of Despair 15 Nietzsche’s Animal Foes and Friends 16 The Will to Power 17 Thus Spoke Nietzsche 18 Courage in the Body and the Sociable Self 19 The Courage of Disobedience 20 Paul Tillich and the Courage to Be 21 Throwing Courage to the Dogs 22 Risk and Resilience 23 Courage in the Global Age

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Book SynopsisThis book is a contribution to African philosophy, by philosophers focusing specifically on the concept of human dignity in ethical theory. The concept of ‘human dignity’ denotes the intrinsic and superlative worth associated with human beings in virtue of which we owe them utmost moral regard. Although dignity is a foundational concept for African philosophy, there remains scant literature in African philosophy dedicated to critical and systematic reflection on the concept of human dignity. This volume responds to this lacuna by bringing together chapters that offer philosophical exposition, defense (or even rejection) and application of the concept of human dignity in light of intellectual resources in African cultures, such as ubuntu, personhood, and serithi.Table of Contents1. Introduction to Human Dignity in African Thought2. Defending a Communal Account of Human Dignity3. An African Communal Approach to Punishment with Moral Dignity4. African Personhood, Metaphysical Capacities and Human Dignity5. Human dignity, Ubuntu and Global Justice6. Moderate Communitarianism and Human Dignity7. An African Communitarian Conception of Dignity in Mutual Recognition8. African Conceptions of Human Dignity and Violence Against Women in South Africa9. Intrinsic or Instrumental Value? African Philosophical Conceptions of Dignity10. Un/Re-covering the Concept of Dignity in an African Thought Scheme Through Igbo Proverbs on Greatness, Nobility and Honour11. Conceptions of Human Dignity in African and European Legal Systems: Consonance or Dissonance?12. Motho Ha Se Ntja Ha Lahloe: The Philosophy of Human Dignity in Sesotho Culture13. Wiredu on the Humanistic Orientation of Akan Morality.

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Book SynopsisThis textbook is an introduction to thinking ethically about global issues. Unlike existing books in this area, this book is truly interdisciplinary and includes a range of voices from both the Global South and the Global North. Rather than simply applying Western theories to case studies, Prof. Stephen Minister shows readers how to consider context and complexity, while respecting the agency of people elsewhere. It weaves together the work of thinkers and writers from the Global South with philosophical work on global ethics, relevant scholarship from other academic fields, and stories from fieldwork studying global issues on four continents. The textbook explores a variety of topics, including: cultural difference, gender, population, poverty, natural disasters, and development. It then encourages students to build on these ideas and think more deeply about topics such as foreign aid, inequality, immigration, international trade, climate change, human rights, and war and terrorism.

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Book SynopsisThis new English translation of Solov’ëv’s principal ethical treatise, written in his later years, presents Solov’ëv’s mature views on a host of topics ranging from a critique of individualistic ethical systems to the death penalty, the meaning of war, animal rights, and environmentalism. Written for the educated public rather than for a narrow circle of specialists, Solov’ëv’s work largely avoids technical vocabulary while illustrating his points with references to classical literature from the ancient Greeks to Goethe. Although written from a deeply held Christian viewpoint, Solov’ëv emphasizes the turn from his earlier position, now allegedly developing the independence of moral philosophy from metaphysics and revealed religion. Solov’ëv sees the formal universality of the idea of the moral good in all human beings, albeit that this idea is bereft of material content. This first new English-language translation in a century makes a unique contribution to the study of Solov’ëv’s thought. It uses the text of the second edition published in 1899 as its main text, but provides the variations and additions from the earlier versions of each chapter in running notes. Other unique features of this translation are that the pagination of the widely available 1914 edition is provided in the text, and the sources of Solov’ëv’s numerous Biblical quotations and references as well as literary and historical allusions.Trade Review“The translator of this new, highly readable edition of The Justification of the Moral Good, has used the existing English, French and German translations to inform his own, providing detailed notes about how the text changed over its various re-writes by Solovyov. His new edition is likely to serve as the source text for English language scholars and interested readers for years to come, combining an unfussy style with an expert’s insights into Solovyov’s changing writing and overall worldview.” (Andre van Loon, The Berlin Review of Books, berlinbooks.org, September, 2015)Table of ContentsPreface to the Second Edition.- Preface to the First Edition.- Introduction: Moral Philosophy as an Independent Discipline.- Chapter 1: The Original Data of Morality.- Chapter 2: The Ascetic Principle in Morality.- Chapter 3: Pity and Altruism.- Chapter 4: The Religious Principle in Morality.- Chapter 5: On Virtues.- Chapter 6: Pseudo Principles of Practical Philosophy.- Chapter 7: The Unity of Moral Foundations.- Chapter 8: The Unconditional Principle of Morality.- Chapter 9: The Reality of the Moral Order.- Chapter 10: The Individual and Society.- Chapter 11: The Principal Eras in the Historical Development of Personal-Social Consciousness.- Chapter 12: Abstract Subjectivism in Morality.- Chapter 13: The Moral Norm of Sociality.- Chapter 14: The National Question from the Moral Point of View.- Chapter 15: The Penal Question from the Moral Point of View.- Chapter 16: The Economic Question from the Moral Point of View.- Chapter 17: Morality and Legal Right.- Chapter 18: The Meaning of War.- Chapter 19: The Moral Organization of Humanity as a Whole.- Chapter 20: Conclusion: The Definitive Determination of the Moral Meaning of Life and the Transition to Theoretical Philosophy.

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Book SynopsisDie Idee, dass Moral eine bestimmte Form hat, ist eine alte Idee. Die Mächtigkeit dieser Idee zeigt sich unter anderem darin, dass auch Autoren sich auf diese Idee beschränkt haben, deren Werk man unter anderem dazu verwenden kann, dass man mit Verweis auf dieses Werk definiert, was Ethik ist. Das hat diesen Autoren den Vorwurf des Formalismus eingebracht: sie würden nur die Form der Moral bestimmen, aber gar nicht sagen, was wir nun tun und lassen sollen. Am Beispiel von Shakespeares Stück vom König Lear soll hier gezeigt werden, dass die Form der Moral nichts Unveränderliches ist. Die Form wandelt sich, und mit ihr der Inhalt, weil es Inhalt nur in dieser oder jener Form gibt und weil die Form dem Inhalt wesentlich ist. Damit fällt der Vorwurf des Formalismus nicht weg, sondern in sich zusammen.Table of Contents»Metamorphose«: Sein und Sittlichkeit.- Eine seltsame Eröffnung.- (König) Lears Metamorphose.- Zur Morphologie des Sittlichen.- Edmund und Cordelia: Natur und Konvention.- Der Narr: Wahrheit und Geschehen.- Tragödie als Formlogik des Sittlichen.

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Book SynopsisThis timely book describes and analyses a neglected area of the history of concern for animal welfare, discussing the ends and means of the capture, transport, housing and training of performing animals, as well as the role of pressure groups, politics, the press and vested interests. It examines primary source material of considerable interdisciplinary interest, and addresses the influence of scientific and veterinary opinion and the effectiveness of proposals for supervisory legislation, noting the current international status and characteristics of present-day practice within the commercial sector.Animal performance has a long history, and at the beginning of the twentieth century this aspect of popular entertainment became the subject not just of a major public controversy but also of prolonged British parliamentary attention to animal welfare.Following an assessment of the use of trained animals in the more distant historical past, the book charts the emergence of criticism and analyses the arguments and evidence used by the opponents and proponents in Britain from the early twentieth century to the present, noting comparable events in the United States and elsewhere.Trade Review“This book makes a valuable contribution to animal studies. It investigates the social and political processes concerned with the welfare of performing animals in Britain from the nineteenth century into the twentieth century. … Drawing on highly detailed research, this book provides a comprehensive account of the individuals and organisations that campaigned against animal performance and its cruelties and, in turn, those who campaigned for its continuation.” (Peta Tait, Animal Studies Journal, Vol. 5 (1), 2016)“A comprehensive history of human attitudes and actions in relation to the welfare of performing animals from Roman times to the present day. As such, it reveals a great deal about human behavior; attitudes that evolve, attitudes that never change and the motivations that lie behind what we say, write and do. … It has been meticulously researched and it is very well written. It is also thought-provoking.” (John Webster, Animal Welfare, Vol. 24 (3), August, 2015)Table of ContentsIntroduction.- The Legacy of Animal Performance.- Open Debate in the British Parliament and Beyond.- Means and Ends.- Unfinished Business.- Agitation After the Act.- Conclusion.

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Book SynopsisDespite the increasing number of gamers worldwide, the moral classification of computer gaming marks an as yet unsolved riddle of philosophical ethics. In view of the explosive nature of the topic in everyday life (as seen in various debates about rampages), it is obvious that a differentiated professional clarification of the phenomenon is needed: Can playing computer games be immoral?To answer this question, the author first discusses what we do at all when we play computer games: What kind of action are we talking about? The second step is a moral classification that reveals whether (and if so, why) some cases of computer gaming are morally problematic. The considerations made here provide a fundamental insight into the normative dimension of computer gaming. Samuel Ulbricht studied philosophy and German studies in Stuttgart, where he passed his first state examination. He completed his second state examination in Heidelberg. For his final thesis on the ethics of computer gaming, he received the "Prize of the Friends of the University of Stuttgart". His current research focuses on normative differences in moral theories, problem areas in applied ethics, the aesthetics and ethics of computer games and the ethics of education and teaching. He currently works at the Johannes Gutenberg University of Mainz.This book is a translation of the original German 1st edition Ethik des Computerspielens by Samuel Ulbricht, published by J.B. Metzler, an imprint of Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature in 2020. The translation was done with the help of artificial intelligence (machine translation by the service DeepL.com). A subsequent human revision was done primarily in terms of content, so that the book will read stylistically differently from a conventional translation. Springer Nature works continuously to further the development of tools for the production of books and on the related technologies to support the authors.Trade Review“The publication clearly contributes to the discourse in question and should certainly be read not only by students but also by educators involved in game studies. It may be a useful supplement to courses that deal with the ethical aspects of games, but it may also be of benefit to philosophers who wish to bring an up-to-date context to their studies or teaching.” (Magdaléna Švecová, Acta Ludologica, Vol. 5 (2), December, 2022)“A major strength of Ethics of Computer Gaming is in the holistic nature of Ulbricht’s analysis … . This book will prove an interesting addition to researchers interested in the ethical implications of videogames, as its conclusions are not necessarily congruent with other theorists.” (Rebecca Grose, Press Start, press-start.gla.ac.uk, Vol. 9 (1), 2023)Table of ContentsPreface.- What computer games are.- Computer games as action.- Ethics of computer games.- Concluding remarks.- List of sources.- Glossary.

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Book SynopsisThe Human Condition prompts our creative strivings beyond the natural round of life toward outstanding achievements. This book explains how the emergence of Human Condition lifts natural endowment of the individual to the level of excellence. It shows how natural forces and promptings of life transmute through creative Human Condition subliminal passions of the soul into innumerable streaks of spiritual significance.Table of ContentsTHEMATIC STUDY: LITERATURE AND THE PASSION OF VIRTUE; L. Kimmel. Part I. HISTORICAL AND CONTEMPORARY VIRTUES AS REFLECTED IN CHINESE LITERATURE; T-I Dow. REVISITING THE TRADITIONAL VIRTUES OF THE HERO: A PHENOMENOLOGICAL STUDY OF WILFRED OWEN’S DISABLED SOLDIER; B. Micallef. BEAUTY, TASTE AND ENLIGHTENMENT IN HUME’S AESTHETIC THOUGH; V.G. Rivas. Part II. VIRTUES OF THE HEART: FEODOR DOSTOEVSKY AND THE ETHIC OF LOVE; E. Cherkasova. THE WILLING SUBJECT AND THE NON-WILLING IN THE TAO TE CHING AND NIETZSCHE’S HYPERBOREAN: TAOIST AND DECONSTRUCTIVE CHALLENGES TO THE IDEA OF VIRTUE; B. Ross. SPIRITUAL VIRTUE IN MARILYNNE ROBINSON’S GILEAD; R.M. Painter. Part III. INHERENT AND INTENTIONAL INQUIRIES ON VIRTUES; A. Ashvo-Munoz. STRIVING AND ACCEPTING LIMITS AS COMPETING META-VIRTUES: GOETHE’S FAUST AND IBSEN’S THE WILD DUCK; R.J. Wilson III. HAPPINESS, DIVISION, AND ILLUSIONS OF THE SELF IN PLATO’S SYMPOSIUM; P. Weigel. THE VIRTUE OF RESPONSIBILITY: FEMININITY, TEMPORALITY, AND SPACE IN MICHAEL CUNNINGHAM’S THE HOURS; A. Ljung-Baruth. Part IV. ENLIGHTENMENT, HUMANIZATION AND BEAUTY IN THE LIGHT OF SCHILLER’S LETTERS ON THE AESTHETIC EDUCATION OF MAN; V.G. Rivas. BEYOND ADAPTATION: STOICISM, TRANSCENDENCE, AND MOVIEGOING IN WALKER PERCY AND STANLEY CAVELL; L.F. Rhu. BETWEEN THE IRONIC AND THE IRENIC: HAPPINESS, CONTINGENCY AND THE POETICS OF RECURRENCE; J. Baldacchino. PHENOMENOLOGICAL TEMPORALITY AND PROUSTIAN NOSTALGIA; R. Kaushik. Part V. ART AND AWARENESS; J. Jandovitz. THE IMAGE OF HISTORY IN THOUGHT; E. Escher. NARRATIVE, CONVENTION, AND REALITY 2; M. Holt. POLITICAL SYMBOLISM IN THE SAINT ANTOINE GATE, 1585-1672; W. Roberts. MUSIC THEORYAND PHENOMENOLOGY OF MUSICAL PERFORMANCE, A CASE STUDY: FIVE NOTES IN JOEL DURAND’S UN FEU DISTINCT; M. Beken

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Book SynopsisThis second volume of papers dealing with scientific and ethical aspects of animal welfare covers a variety of topics and areas of inves­ tigation. It will be of particular interest to those readers seeking more insight into such subjects as farm animal welfare and humane husbandry systems; animal experimentation, especially in the field of psychology; and pain in animals, notably its recognition and alleviation. Several of our selections deal with very specific subjects that are germane to animal welfare: the use of T-61 for euthanizing cats and dogs, a new humane method of stunning for livestock and poultry, an innovative alternative to killing animals for rabies diagnosis, alterna­ tives to aversive procedures in teaching experimental psychology, and the need for improved theoretical modeling in animal experimentation and research design. Following the precedent set in the first volume of Advances in Animal Welfare Science, we have included several papers dealing with people's attitudes toward animals. These papers range from a consider­ ation of cultural influences and veterinary ethics to an examination of anthropomorphism, to a discussion of the linkage between the environ­ mental politics and perceptions of the Green Movement and animal welfare and rights. We wish to express our gratitude to the Manuscript Review Commit­ tee for the excellent work they have done and to the twenty contributors to this volume which we believe will do much to advance the science of animal welfare, and the well-being of animals under man's dominion.Table of ContentsList of Contents.- I. Farm Animals.- Cardiac Arrest Stunning of Livestock and Poultry.- The Definition, Current Knowledge, and Implementation of Welfare for Farm Animals.- The Attainment of Humane Housing for Farm Livestock.- II. Laboratory Animals.- Animal Pain.- The Recognition and Alleviation of Pain in Animals.- T-61 Use in Euthanasia of Domestic Animals: A Survey.- Ethical Aspects of Animal Experimentation.- Animal Pain.- Animal Experimentation in the Psychology Setting.- Three Blind Mice, See How They Run: A Critique of Behavioral Research with Animals.- Alternatives to Aversive Procedures with Animals in the Psychology Teaching Setting.- Anthropomorphism is not a Four-Letter Word.- Alternatives.- The Imbalance Between Experiment and Theory in Biology: The Need for Theory-Directed Modeling.- Applications of Laboratory Technology in the Evaluation of the Risk of Rabies Transmissions by Biting Dogs and Cats.- III. Veterinary Ethics.- To Write a Theriatric Oath.- Veterinary Conduct and Animal Welfare.- IV. Attitudes Towards Animals.- The Green Movement: Implications for Animals.- Human Perceptions of Animals and Animal Awareness: The Cultural Dimension.- Is Man’s Infliction of Suffering on Animals Immoral?.- Instructions to Authors.

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Book SynopsisThis book, the first in an annual series, written by academicians­ scientists, philosophers and others-is not intended exclusively for an­ imal welfarists and conservationists. Since it is written* by scholars, it will appeal to a wide range of academic and professional readers who are involved with animals for scientific, economic, altruistic, and other reasons. While this first volume cannot cover the entire spectrum of animal welfare science-related topics, it does, in its diversity of con­ tributions, demonstrate the multi-faceted and interdisciplinary nature of the subject of this new series. Indeed, animals are as much an integral part of society as we are dependent upon them. The many interfaces between us and the billions of animals under our dominion (as well as the environment upon which the welfare of human and non-human animals alike is ultimately de­ pendent) have their separate features: trapping and wildlife manage­ ment; laboratory animal research; whaling and fishing; veterinary practice; agriculture and farm animal husbandry; horse racing and the ownership of animal companions; the propagation of captive wildlife and their preservation in the wild; the use of animals as companions and for the purposes of vicarious entertainment.Table of ContentsList of Contents.- I. Animal Awareness.- The Question of Animal Awareness.- II. Human/Animal Relationships.- The Origins of Empathy and Altruism.- Attitudes Toward Animals: Age-Related Development Among Children.- Empathy, Humaneness and Animal Welfare.- Human/Animal Communication: Cetacean Roles in Human Therapeutic Situations.- III. Animal Rights.- Logic and Limits of Animal Liberation.- Whales are not Cetacean Resources.- IV. Animal Management.- Animal Boredom: Is a Scientific Study of the Subjective Experiences of Animals Possible?.- Evils of Modern Stables.- Stereotype Behaviour in Sows and Gilts Housed in Stalls, Tethers, and Groups.- V. Appendix.- American Attitudes Toward and Knowledge of Animals: An Update.- Instructions to Authors.

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Book SynopsisAnimals, Ethics, and Engineering: Intersections and Implications is a seminal work that explores the intricate relationship between technology, ethics, and the welfare of nonhuman animals. Edited by Rosalyn W. Berne, this volume brings together leading scholars and practitioners to examine the ethical responsibilities inherent in technological progress and its impact on animal well-being.

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Book SynopsisDesigned to facilitate a reading of Spinoza's "Ethics", this anthology includes the Ethics, and Spinoza's related writings along with two appendices: List of the Propositions from the "Ethics", which traces the development of key themes; and Citations in Proofs, a list of the propositions, corollaries, and scholia in the "Ethics".Trade ReviewAbsolutely magnificent edition! I will be using it in all my introductory courses. . . . I also will use it in my 16th and 17th-century History of Philosophy course. . . . Just a wonderful collection, great translations, good editorial additions as well. Terrific selection! --Abba Lessing, Professor of Philosophy, Lake Forest College

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Book SynopsisThe role of freedom in assigning moral responsibility is one of the deepest problems in metaphysics and moral theory. Incompatibilism’s Allure provides original analysis of the principal arguments for incompatibilism. Ishtiyaque Haji incisively examines the consequence argument, the direct argument, the deontic argument, the manipulation argument, the impossibility argument and the luck objection. He introduces the most important contemporary discussions in a manner accessible to advanced undergraduates, but also suited to professional philosophers. The result is a unique and compelling account for incompatibilism’s continuing allure.Trade Review“Incompatibilism’s Allure offers by far the most comprehensive and accessible treatment of the thesis that determinism is incompatible with both free will and moral responsibility. Haji has carefully examined every major argument for incompatibilism, exposing each to thorough scrutiny, and offering a judicious assessment of the credibility of this age old thesis. An especially noteworthy asset of Incomaptibilism’s Allure is its teachability. It is clear, accessible, and organized in the best way possible for the purposes of introducing these complex ideas to the uninitiated. Nevertheless, Haji also manages to make important contributions to work on free will and moral responsibility. Anyone with an interest in this topic will certainly profit from Haji’s fine effort.” — Michael McKenna, Florida State University“Haji lucidly explains and critically assesses the leading arguments for the view that determinism is incompatible with free will and moral responsibility. I strongly recommend Incompatibilism’s Allure for advanced undergraduate and graduate courses on free will and moral responsibility. Students will find this book extremely useful, and people who publish on Haji’s topics will benefit from it as well.” — Alfred R. Mele, Florida State UniversityTable of ContentsAcknowledgementsONE INTRODUCTION The Robert Harris Case The Ann/Beth Cases Responsibility, Causal Determinism, and Free Action Two Views About the Concept of Responsibility Free Action Causal Determinism Some Definitions: Incompatibilism, Compatibilism, and Libertarianism Different Pathways to Incompatibilism Prospectus TWO THE CONSEQUENCE ARGUMENT The Consequence Argument The Logical Modalities Peter van Inwagen’s Version of the ConsequenceArgument A Problem Concerning the Interpretation of ‘Can’ The Hypothetical Sense of ‘Can’ The Categorical Sense of ‘Can’ The Reformulated Consequence Argument Control Active Control The Event Causal Theory of Action and Deviance Ultimate Control The Negative Conception of Ultimate Origination The Positive Conception of Ultimate Origination Compatibilist Conceptions of Ultimate Origination Assessing the Reformulated Consequence Argument The Basic Version of the Consequence Argument Appendix Local Miracle CompatibilismA.1 Local Miracle CompatibilismA.2 An Objection to Local Miracle CompatibilismTHREE ALTERNATIVE POSSIBILITIES AND MORAL RESPONSIBILITY The Consequence Argument and Freedom to do Otherwise Frankfurt-Type Examples and Freedom to do Otherwise The Dilemma Objection Mele and Robb’s Reply to the Dilemma Objection Another Reply to the Dilemma Objection Luck and Alternative Possibilities FOUR THE DIRECT ARGUMENT Introduction The Direct Argument Transfer NR and Two-Path Cases David Widerker’s Response to the Direct Argument Widerker’s Concerns Reply to Widerker A New Counterexample On the Epistemic Condition of Moral Responsibility A Requirement of Alternative Possibilities for Obligation An Informal Presentation of the Counterexample to Transfer NR Filling in the Details of the Counterexample FIVE THE DEONTIC ARGUMENT Introduction The Deontic Argument Problems with the Deontic Argument Genuine Moral Dilemmas and “Ought” Implies “Can” Self-Imposed Impossibility and “Ought” Implies “Can” Changing Obligations with Passing Time Reply to the Objection Negative Duties and “Ought Not” Implies “Can Refrain From” Does Blameworthiness Require Wrongness and Does Praiseworthiness Require Obligatoriness? A Counterexample to the Principle that Blameworthiness Requires Wrongness Supererogatory and Suberogatory Actions The Coming Apart of Blameworthiness and Wrongness Blameworthiness and Frankfurt Examples SIX THE MANIPULATION ARGUMENT The Basic Contours of the Argument The Manipulation Argument Hard Incompatibilism and the Four-Case Argument McKenna’s Hard-Line Response to the Argument The Hard-Line Reply Concerns with the Hard-Line Reply On Pereboom’s Principle O of Ultimate Origination Principle O, Magical Agents, and God Principle O and Indoctrination Principle O and Control A Proposal SEVEN AUTHENTIC SPRINGS OF ACTION Toward a Soft-Line Reply to the Manipulation Argument Internalism versus Externalism Magical Agents and Global Manipulation: An Argument forInternalism Why the Argument Fails An Agency Requirement of Responsibility Children and the Authenticity of their Developing Evaluative Schemes Authentic Evolved Schemes Some Objections and Responses Evaluative Schemes and Personal Identity Evaluative Schemes and Drastic Change Evaluative Schemes and Ambiguity of ‘Autonomy’ Reply to the Magical Agents Argument Internalism’s Domain A Soft-Line Reply to the Four-Case Argument EIGHT THE IMPOSSIBILITY ARGUMENT Introduction The Impossibility Argument Assessing the Impossibility Argument A Problem Concerning Magical Agents and God A Problem Concerning Agency A Problem Concerning Control The Impossibility Argument and Negative Ultimate Control The Impossibility Argument and Agent-Causal Ultimate Control The Impossibility Argument and Compatibilist Ultimate Control NINE LIBERTARIANISM AND THE LUCK OBJECTION Libertarianism and Luck Event Causal Modest Libertarianism Nonaction-Centered Modest Libertarianism Action Centered Modest Libertarianism Introducing the Luck Objection Luck, Explanation, and Control Akratic Action Modest Libertarianism, Luck, and Akratic Action Luck’s Persistence Clarke’s Hybrid Account and the Luck Objection Accounts of Causation Clarke’s Hybrid Agent-Causal Account The Hybrid Account and Luck Mele’s Daring Soft-Libertarian Reply Akratic Action vs. Actions that Manifest Agency Breakdown The Daring Reply Brief Wrap-Up ReferencesIndex

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Book SynopsisIn Bioethics in Context, Gary Jones and Joseph DeMarco connect ethical theory, medicine, and the law, guiding readers toward a practical and legally grounded understanding of key issues in health-care ethics. This book is uniquely up-to-date in its discussion of health-care law and unpacks the complex web of American policies, including the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act. Useful case studies and examples are embedded throughout, and a companion website offers a thorough, curated database of relevant legal precedents as well as additional case studies and other resources.Trade Review“This is a terrific, highly engaging introduction to bioethics. It gives practitioners and students of medicine, nursing, and law the language, theoretical background, and basic legal knowledge to join the conversation about important contemporary problems in bioethics, and it includes plenty of practice thinking through knotty problems.” —Michelle M. Mello, Stanford Law School“Bioethics in Context is a welcome book for bioethics instructors. Most bioethics issues are inextricably tied to legal concerns, so they cannot be understood without an appreciation of the current laws. This text is unique in its recognition of the importance of this relationship. It addresses the ethical and legal issues together, providing a robust understanding of the topics. The authors have done an admirable job of making both ethics and the law accessible for students.” —Joan McGregor, Arizona State University“Bioethics in Context should be enthusiastically received by teachers of biomedical ethics. Gary Jones and Joseph DeMarco provide up-to-date coverage of all the principal issues in the field, masterfully discussing the main positions, arguments, and contributors to current debates. The authors provide a wealth of concrete case studies and emphasize how ethical, legal, and social norms intersect and sometimes conflict. Highly recommended.” —David Svolba, Fitchburg State UniversityTable of ContentsAcknowledgmentsIntroductionChapter 1: Moral Theory in Bioethics Consequentialism and Deontology Consequentialism Rule Consequentialism Hare’s Utilitarianism Kantian Deontology Rule Theory Case Study: Dr. Mando Alternative Approaches Principlism Particularism Virtue Ethics Feminist Ethics and the Ethics of Care Casuistry Conclusion Exercises and Discussion Questions Chapter 2: Basic Law The American Legal System Common Law Statutory Law Executive Orders and Agencies Constitutional Law State Court Systems The Federal Court System Legal Processes and Lawsuits Legal Processes Lawsuits Ethics and the Law Conclusion Exercises and Discussion Questions Chapter 3: Justice and the Right to Care The Meaning of Justice Justice and Equality Equality of Resources: Ronald Dworkin Group Equality: R.H. Tawney Complex Equality: Michael Walzer Criteria of Just Distribution Theories of Justice Utilitarian Theory Social Contract Theory Libertarian Theory Feminist Ethics and Just Health Care Norman Daniels’s Approach to Health-Care Justice Just Health Care: Beauchamp and Childress Allocation of Health Care Models for the Allocation of Health Care to Individuals The Proprietary Model The Merit Model The Social Worth Model The Need Model Policy Options for the Allocation of Health Care Fee-for-Service Model The Universal and Comprehensive Provision of Benefits Model Fee-for-Service with a Safety Net Model Universal Basic Health-Care Model Professional Considerations Containment of Health-Care Costs Rationing of Health Care Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act The PPACA and the Iron Triangle Accessibility Quality Cost Concerns about the Viability of the PPACA The PPACA and the US Constitution Expansion of Medicaid Individual Mandate Ethical Aspects of the Individual Mandate and Medicaid Expansion Conclusion Exercises and Discussion Questions Chapter 4: The Duty to Treat Physicians and Other Health-Care Providers In General, No Duty to Treat Duty Not to Abandon Is There a Moral Duty to Treat? Standards of Care Malpractice Good Samaritan Laws Hospitals Medicare Medicaid Emergency Treatment Staff Physicians Nurses Rights and Duties of Third-Party Payers ERISA: Employment Retirement Income Security Act Conclusion Exercises and Discussion Questions Chapter 5: Informed Consent The Basics of Informed Consent Three Concepts of Informed Consent Elements of Informed Consent Disclosure Waiving and Delegating Informed Consent Proxy Decision Making Advance Directives Assessing Capacity The Meaning of Decisional Capacity Mental Illness and Capacity to Consent Enhancing Capacity Capacity: Young and Old Religion and Capacity Does Rejection of Treatment Indicate Incapacity? Erring on the Side of Autonomy Assessing Capacity Informed Consent: Ethical Issues Constraints on Informed Consent Coercion Manipulation Offers and Rewards Influence Medical Paternalism Autonomy vs. Beneficence Ethical Evaluation of Informed Consent Informed Consent and Ethics Committees Informed Consent: Legal Issues The Scope of Informed Consent Community of Physicians Standard Reasonable Physician Standard Objective Patient Standard Subjective Patient Standard Three Exceptions to Informed Consent Incompetency Emergency Care The Therapeutic Privilege Legal Consequences of the Failure to Obtain Informed Consent Revising Informed Consent False Imprisonment Special Problem Areas Conclusion Exercises and Discussion Questions Chapter 6: Informed Refusal and the Discontinuation of Treatment The Criteria for and Meaning of Death Persistent Vegetative States Religious Objections to the Brain-Death Criterion Medical Futility What Is Medical Futility? Physiological or Strict Futility Quantitative Futility Qualitative Futility Case Studies of Medical Futility Are Wanglie and Baby K Cases of Medical Futility? Who Decides? What Is the Chance of Success? Policies on Futility The AMA Policy The Texas Statute Discontinuing Medical Treatment Determining Whether to Discontinue Treatment Family Consent Substituted Judgment Best Interest Standard Mixed Standard: Limited Objective Test Withdrawing versus Withholding Treatment Passive Euthanasia Active Euthanasia and Physician-Assisted Suicide The Ethics and Laws of Assisted Suicide Ethical and Legal Foundations of Informed Refusal The Ethics of Informed Refusal Legal Foundations of Informed Refusal Karen Quinlan: Privacy and Treatment Nancy Cruzan: Clear and Convincing Evidence Elizabeth Bouvia: Do Motives Matter? Removing Respirators versus Removing Feeding Tubes Other Cases: Schiavo and Borenstein Treatment Decisions Involving Children Birth Defects and Treatments Parental Autonomy and Mandated Treatment Refusal of Treatment for Religious Reasons Conclusion Exercises and Discussion Questions Chapter 7: Nursing: Legal and Moral Issues What is Nursing? Licensure and Credentialing Nurse Practice Acts and Nursing Boards Standard of Care Nurses and Conscience Clauses The Limits of Nurses’ Responsibilities Nurses and Diagnoses Whose Obligation: Nurse’s or Physician’s? Nurses Practicing Medicine? Advocating for a Patient Boundary Violations Nurses in Emergencies Some Particular Duties and Obligations Nursing Assessment Acquiring Informed Consent Duty to Protect against Patient Self-Harm v Duty to Warn Third Parties Reporting Suspected Child Abuse Conclusion Exercises and discussion questions Chapter 8: Privacy and Confidentiality Privacy Privacy as a Moral Rule Utilitarian Justifications for Privacy Covert Surveillance The Legal Right to Privacy The Right to Privacy of Conduct The Right to Privacy of Information Confidentiality The Physician–Patient Relationship The Physician’s Obligation of Confidentiality HIPAA Regulations Maintaining Confidentiality Other Legal Exceptions to Confidentiality Evaluating the Tarasoff Case HIV and the Law Duty to Warn of Genetic Risk Conclusion Exercises and Discussion Questions Chapter 9: Cultural Competency The Importance of Cultural Competency Reasons in Support of Cultural Competency Medical Diagnoses and Cultural Difference Reacting to Patients: Responding to Differences Respecting Differences and Negotiating Biases Responding to Patient Biases Not All People in Any Culture Are the Same Whose Culture Dominates? The Initial Encounter with Patients Cultural Competency and Informed Consent Cultural Competency and Informed Refusal Cultural Competency and Translation Translation and the Law When Culture Conflicts with the Law Deciding to Report Balancing Moral and Legal Obligations The Affordable Care Act Conclusion Exercises and Discussion Questions Chapter 10: Issues in Human Reproduction Abortion Fetuses and Personhood Philosophical Perspectives on Abortion Legal Aspects of AbortionThe Legal Status of the Fetus In Vitro Fertilization Surrogate Motherhood Involuntary Sterilization Genetic Testing and Treatments Genetics and Disease Genetic Testing Preimplantation Genetic Diagnosis Genetic Enhancements Senescence Happiness The Stem-Cell Debate Human Cloning Cloning to Produce Children Cloning for Research Purposes Conclusion Exercises and Discussion Questions Chapter 11: Mental Illness What is Mental Illness? Commitment, Consent, and Decision Making Institutional Commitment and Consent Treatment Decisions Incompetence The Use of Restraints Legal Responsibilities and Liabilities Malpractice Duties to Third Parties Conclusion Exercises and Discussion Questions Chapter 12: Medical Research: Clinical Trials What are Clinical Trials? Protecting Research Subjects Historical Abuse The Belmont Report The Declaration of Helsinki Placebos Types of Clinical Trials Phase I Trials Phase II Trials Phase III Trials Protocols Clinical Equipoise Participation in a Clinical Trial Federal Regulations Legal Issues in Clinical Trials Abney, et al. v. Amgen Inc. Grimes v. Kennedy Krieger Institute, Inc.; Myron Higgins, A Minor, Etc., et al. v. Kennedy Krieger Institute, Inc. Kristina Ann Dahl, MD, et al. v. HEM Pharmaceuticals, Inc., et al. Estate of Kevin Baker v. University of Vermont Greenberg, et al. v. Miami Children’s Hospital Research Institute, Inc., et al. Conclusion Exercises and Discussion Questions Chapter 13: Transplantation Ethics Organ Donation Evaluating Prospective Organ Recipients Selling Organs Live Donors Donors Lacking Competence Donations against One’s Will Prisoners as Organ Donors Conclusion Exercises and Discussion Questions IndexIndex of Court CasesIndex of Statutes Index of Model Acts

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Book SynopsisBusiness Cases in Ethical Focus is a new collection of in-depth case studies from around the world, covering all major areas of business ethics. Cases address a broad range of topics such as the ethics of entrepreneurship and finance, the challenges that diversity raises for business, and whistleblowing. The cases are provocative yet complex, conveying the difficulty of moral dilemmas and the potential for reasonable disagreement.Trade Review“This collection of contemporary cases is well suited for teaching business ethics. The short analyses accompanying each case introduce students to concrete ethical issues without delving into extensive theoretical debates. The open-ended reflection questions encourage readers to develop and justify their own views, so they are excellent prompts for extended classroom discussions. For instructors wanting to avoid theory-heavy approaches to business ethics, this text is a great option. It will hold student interest and stimulate authentic ethical reflection.” — Jeff Lawrence, North Island College“Business Cases in Ethical Focus contains thirty-six case studies, most of them the work of experts in their areas. The cases cover a wide range of ethical issues in business, from the high salaries of senior management to Sharia in the hospitality industry in Nigeria, from payday lending to the Deepwater Horizon oil spill. The book allows the instructor a good deal of flexibility in how it is used.” — Michael Davis, Illinois Institute of TechnologyTable of Contents Part 1: Introductory Materials A Brief Guide to Business Ethics and Case Study Analysis Part 2: The Responsibilities of Business Unit 2.1: Responsible Industries 1. Corporate Lobbying on GMO Labelling Legislation 2. The Ethics of the Pornography Industry 3. The Business Ethics of Recreational Marijuana 4. Of Prices and Pills: Ethical Issues in Pharmaceutical Pricing 5. Private Prisons in the U.S.: A Cost-Benefit Analysis 6. Payday Lending: America’s Unsecured Loan Market 7. Children and Gambling: The Ethical Problem of Loot Boxes Unit 2.2: Responsible Businesses 8. The Deepwater Horizon Oil Spill 9. Dakota Access Pipeline 10. Actions Speak Louder than Words : Rebuilding Malden Mills 11. Students Protest University Investments: Vanderbilt’s African Land-Grab 12. The Rana Plaza Collapse 13. Distributive Justice: The Case of Café Feminino Part 3: Employment and Diversity Unit 3.1: Employment 14. Want This Job?: Provide Your Facebook Username and Password 15. Professional Misconduct While Off-Duty 16. Obligations, Responsibility, and Whistleblowing: A Case Study of Jeffrey Wigand 17. Who Judges Whom: The Ethics of Performance Reviews 18. Free Expression in the Workplace: The Firing of James Damore 19. Distributive Justice and ‘Precarious Work’ Unit 3.2: Diversity 20. Religious Commitments in the Workplace 21. Guests with Autism and Reasonable Accommodations at Disney 22. Women’s Autonomy and Fetal Protection 23. Gender-based Discrimination: Glass Ceilings and Sexual Harassment 24. Women and Advertising Part 4: Business Practices Unit 4.1: Buying and Selling 25. The Ethics of Bluffing: Oracle’s Takeover of PeopleSoft 26. Citibank and Collateralized Debt Obligations 27. Misplaced Incentives: Large-Scale Fraud at Wells Fargo 28. Nestlé and Advertising: An Ethical Analysis 29. Pharmaceutical Payments and Opioid Prescriptions 30. Conflict Minerals and Supply-Chain Management: The Case of the DRC Unit 4.2: Doing Business at Home and Abroad 31. Democracy in Business: The Mondragon Workers Cooperative 32. The Equifax Hack 33. The Case of Sci-Hub and the ‘Robin Hood’ of Science 34. The Ethical Challenges of Entrepreneurship in Nigeria 35. Google in China: Censorship Requirements Challenge the Internet Company 36. Avon’s Corruption Case in China

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Book SynopsisThis book is a friendly and engaging introduction to the philosophy of leisure. Jason Holt frames the text around a novel definition of leisure as intrinsically motivated elective activities, which he defends throughout the text in comparison to other accounts of leisure. Beginning with Aristotle's influential theory and following its monumental legacy in Western culture, this book also includes Asian, African, and Indigenous philosophies and traditions. Topics discussed include leisure in relation to concepts of time, consumerist vs. reflective leisure, play and games, the place of freedom in leisure, active vs. idle leisure, and what makes for authentic leisure. Along with coordinating philosophies from many different times and places on the same conceptual map, this book proposes a pluralist theory of how leisure fits into a meaningful and fulfilling life.

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Book SynopsisThe Wicked Truth is the thinking person''s guide to the wildly successful Broadway musical Wicked. Using political, social, and historical examples, it explores the ways in which modern society is not so different than the mythical Land of Oz. The Wicked Truth challenges the very framework of our culture, our understanding of Good and Evil, as well as our sense of right and wrong. Whether you''ve seen the show or not, discovering The Wicked Truth''s broad application, to everything from personal relationships to how our society is governed, will leave you spellbound.

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Book SynopsisTerence Irwin’s edition of the Nicomachean Ethics offers more aids to the reader than are found in any modern English translation. It includes an Introduction, headings to help the reader follow the argument, explanatory notes on difficult or important passages, and a full glossary explaining Aristotle’s technical terms. The Third Edition offers additional revisions of the translation as well as revised and expanded versions of the notes, glossary, and Introduction. Also new is an appendix featuring translated selections from related texts of Aristotle.Trade Review"The translation is absolutely reliable and is supplemented with notes that highlight any and all possible problems. Rich and easy to use. I love that 40 pages of supplementary texts from Aristotle are included. . . . Sometimes new editions seem pointless. This is worth it!" —James C. Klagge, Virginia Tech

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Book SynopsisThe Moral Dilemmas of Fighting Terrorism and Guerrilla Groups discusses the most important ethical dilemmas associated with the fight against terrorist organizations and guerilla groups by providing readers with a rigorous, yet accessible analysis of how these forms of violence can be justified and how they ought to be fought by entities targeted by groups resorting to these strategies. It will be valuable to anyone interested in understanding the main ethical questions associated with these forms of political violence and the way they can be addressed. After providing conceptual clarifications that will allow the reader to distinguish between terrorism and guerrilla warfare, it explains and discusses what the criteria are that can justify resorting to lethal violence on the part of the latter group as well as the criteria that can determine the identity of those who can legitimately be targeted by these groups. The book analyzes when terrorists ought to be targeted and how this can be done, focusing on the inherent problems associated with the solutions that are normally used against state actors in order to prevent attacks on their part, namely what can be coined as “non-violent alternatives to war”, such as economic or diplomatic sanctions, arm embargoes and non-violent resistance and, on the other hand, preemptive attacks.

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