Energy resources Books

Book SynopsisEver since the Industrial Revolution energy has been a key driver of world politics. From the oil crises of the 1970s to today’s rapid expansion of renewable energy sources, every shift in global energy patterns has important repercussions for international relations. In this new book, Thijs Van de Graaf and Benjamin Sovacool uncover the intricate ways in which our energy systems have shaped global outcomes in four key areas of world politics: security, the economy, the environment and global justice. Moving beyond the narrow geopolitical focus that has dominated much of the discussion on global energy politics, they also deftly trace the connections between energy, environmental politics, and community activism.The authors argue that we are on the cusp of a global energy shift that promises to be no less transformative for the pursuit of wealth and power in world politics than the historical shifts from wood to coal and from coal to oil. This ongoing energy transformation will not only upend the global balance of power; it could also fundamentally transfer political authority away from the nation state, empowering citizens, regions and local communities. Global Energy Politics will be an essential resource for students of the social sciences grappling with the major energy issues of our times.Trade Review"In a complex and rapidly changing energy landscape, this comprehensive overview of the global politics of energy is particularly welcome. It skillfully connects the dots between energy markets, geopolitics, the environment, and local activism across a range of energy technologies and sectors. For anyone who wants to understand the complexities and depth of the global energy challenge, Global Energy Politics is essential reading." —Adnan Z. Amin, Director-General Emeritus of the International Renewable Energy Agency "An important contribution to thinking through the current energy era and the future transition." —Morgan Bazilian, Executive Director of the Payne Institute for Earth Resources and Research Professor of Public Policy, Colorado School of Mines "a well-informed, empirically rich systematic analysis of different parts of the energy sector that builds directly on the latest research." —Gavin Bridge, Durham University "Global Energy Politics is a comprehensive, well-researched, and valuable guide to the energy challenges of our time. Thijs Van de Graaf and Benjamin Sovacool deploy a variety of analytical perspectives: geopolitics, economics, sustainability, and justice, discussing promising technological innovations and the institutional and political challenges to decarbonization." —Robert O. Keohane, Princeton University "We are in the middle of a global energy transformation. Van De Graaf and Sovacool’s comprehensive text provides students with an essential guide to this changing global energy landscape." —Johannes Urpelainen, John Hopkins University "Keeping pace with the changing global energy landscape and its influence on political, economic and social issues has become exponentially more difficult in a world where unprecedented risks and technological advances are upending the norms of the last century. Global Energy Politics is a valuable resource for those seeking to understand and navigate the shifting relationships between energy markets, geopolitics, climate, equity, and emerging technologies at this critical energy crossroad." —Jason Bordoff, Columbia University "[Global Energy Politics] is very welcome… This book provides a wide-ranging panorama of global energy politics … and would be an excellent read for undergraduate and post-graduate students tackling the subject." —Asian Century Institute "The most important contribution of this book comes through employing systems thinking to deal with energy issues. Van De Graaf and Sovacool have opened up a technical and difficult topic to social scientists while at the same time broadening traditional IR approaches." —International Affairs "The book is well-researched, up to date, and it presents complex and interrelated energy topics in an easily accessible and impressively pedagogical way... Their multidisciplinary socio-technical approach offers a deeper understanding than could be attained through the lens of any single discipline in isolation." —International Environmental Agreements: Politics, Law and Economics "An excellent survey and overview of various elements of global energy politics. The writing is clear and accessible, yet covers impressive ground and accommodates the infinite complexity of the subject at hand. This book serves as a comprehensive introductory text and will be a useful read to students of energy politics across a variety of disciplines, and particularly students attempting to find a point of entry into the rapidly growing subfield of energy geographies." —The American Association of Geographers (AAG) Review of Books "Sovacool and Van de Graaf bring us closer to the broader research agenda we need to map the different pathways of global transformation that may emerge from the transition…Their chapter on “energy justice”, which investigates the detrimental impacts of renewable energy supply chains on communities when social justice concerns are side-lined, is particularly welcome." —Michel J. Albert, AlternativesTable of ContentsForeword by Adnan Z. Amin 1. Introduction: Systems, frames, and transitions 2. The history and functioning of key energy markets Part I: World Politics Through an Energy Prism 3. Energy and security 4. Energy and the economy 5. Energy and the environment 6. Energy and justice Part II: Governing the Energy Transition 7. Energy technologies and innovation 8. National and regional energy policy 9. Global energy governance 10. Conclusions

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Book SynopsisA global energy revolution is unfolding before our eyes: ever-growing numbers of electric vehicles on our roads, laptops that last all day on a single charge and solar panels on our roofs, all reliant on lithium-ion batteries. This revolution is happening at breath-taking speed, with the potential to completely transform key industries and the way we live. For the first time in history, we can now actually store this green energy we talk so much about. Often referred to as the new oil', lithium allows large amounts of energy to be squeezed into a very small space. Demand is soaring, and the lithium business is full of drama: bitter rivalries, shady deals and exceptionally talented visionaries such as Elon Musk, who is building lithium battery giga-factories across the world. This book travels from the salt lakes of the Tibetan plateau, where Chinese governmentlinked companies extract lithium, to Argentina, Chile and Bolivia, which hold the world's biggest resources of the mineral. It r

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Book SynopsisHow does Nature work? When one looks closely at the enormously complex web of life, it is impossible not to be caught by the wonder of how all living things - including rocks and crystals - are interconnected. Just as there is thought behind action, so there is energy behind matter. Schauberger is able to demonstrate how Nature works because he has been able to observe and describe how its energies manifest and produce the material world.

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Book SynopsisThe provision of sustainable energy supplies for an expanding and increasingly productive world is one of the major issues facing civilisation today. Renewable Energy examines both the practical and economic potential of the renewable energy sources to meet this challenge. The underlying physical and technological principles behind deriving power from direct solar (solar thermal and photovoltaics), indirect solar (biomass, hydro, wind and wave) and non-solar (tidal and geothermal) energy sources are explained, within the context of their environmental impacts, their economics and their future prospects. Renewable Energy provides both perspective and detail on the relative merits and state of progress of technologies for utilizing the various ''renewables''. The analysis considers emissions, sustainability, cost implications and energy security, as political and economic pressures move society towards a low-carbon future. From an overview of basic energy conversion processes, throughTrade ReviewReview from previous edition I have reviewed many textbooks on renewable energy and this one stands clearly above them all. It provides an excellent balance between technical content and practical application. * Douglas J Reinemann, Professor of Biological Systems Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, USA *The quality of illustrations in Renewable Energy , as well as the inclusion of energy data for North America, make this and its sister volume, Energy Systems and Sustainability , my top choice for any energy program in higher education. * James Leidel, Director of Clean Energy Syctems, Oakland University, USA *A great introductory text for teaching, and an excellent reference for your bookshelf. * Ian Mason, University of Canterbury, NZ *An excellent overview of all the principal renewable energy technologies, placing them in the context of the overall power system. Individual chapters are all written by experts, but edited into a common style so that the level of detail is comparable across all chapters. The best book of its sort on the market. * Paul Younger, University of Glasgow *Excellent textbook for an introductory course on renewable energy systems. Some mathematical principles are introduced to reinforce concepts. Overall excellent material to get undergraduate students engaged with the field before digging into the detail. * Tom Norton, Harper Adams University, UK *This textbook continues the high standards of previous editions in terms of the clarity with which it explains the technologies while offering high quality graphics. * Peter Connor, University of Exeter *Table of Contents1: Introducing Renewable Energy 2: Thermodynamics and Heat Pumps 3: Solar Thermal Energy 4: Solar Photovoltaics 5: Bioenergy 6: Hydroelectricity 7: Tidal Power 8: Wind Energy 9: Wave Energy 10: Geothermal Energy 11: Integrating Renewable Energy 12: Renewable Energy Futures A1: Appendix: Investing in renewable energy A2: Appendix: Units

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Book SynopsisIn 2006 Abu Dhabi launched an ambitious project to construct the world’s first zero-carbon city: Masdar City. In Spaceship in the Desert Gökçe Günel examines the development and construction of Masdar City''s renewable energy and clean technology infrastructures, providing an illuminating portrait of an international group of engineers, designers, and students who attempted to build a post-oil future in Abu Dhabi. While many of Masdar''s initiatives—such as developing a new energy currency and a driverless rapid transit network—have stalled or not met expectations, Günel analyzes how these initiatives contributed to rendering the future a thinly disguised version of the fossil-fueled present. Spaceship in the Desert tells the story of Masdar, at once a “utopia” sponsored by the Emirati government, and a well-resourced company involving different actors who participated in the project, each with their own agendas andTrade Review"Spaceship in the Desert is the fascinating story of a 'zero-carbon eco-city' that demonstrates the stark difference between vision and reality. . . . Günel’s first-hand reportage is insightful and objective." -- Barry Silverstein * Foreword Reviews *"The book is not only a rich ethnographic description of Masdar in all of its intricacies, but also a larger reflection on how global risks are framed according to the beliefs and situated actions of various interest groups." -- Gerardo del Cerro Santamaría * International Journal of Urban and Regional Research *"The global climate crisis is serious, but Günel shows that our attempts to tackle it are less so. . . . Our contemporary moral mess, from the GCC to Massachusetts, can be seen all too clearly through the pages of Günel’s account." -- Deen Sharp * Public Books *"Günel’s deft ethnographic sensibilities and creatively designed fieldwork further distinguish her contributions to anthropological studies of climate change, governance, knowledge production, infrastructure, materialism, and futurity more broadly. . . . Through fascinating and critical ethnographic descriptions, Günel offers a piercing glimpse into the front-lines of global climate change action." -- Gebhard Keny * Ethnos *"Spaceship in the Desert is a timely contribution to a growing field of anthropological scholarship on energy. . . . This book has the potential to attract readers from across the social sciences, not just within anthropology. The richness of ethnographic detail drawn in connection with the work of key thinkers may satisfy some readers." -- Idalina Baptista * Anthropological Quarterly *"Compelling and thought-provoking. . . . Günel encourages us as academics and as persons to rethink, renegotiate, and recreate our imaginations of the future through climate change technologies that do not preserve the status quo, but rather, alter it in the present." -- Hai Ri (Sophia) Jeon * Anthropology Book Forum *“[Günel’s] brilliant ethnography of Masdar reminds us of the limits of the third pilot of Spaceship Earth—the market.... Günel’s study also shows how the scope of climate change demands administrative bodies beyond corporations and states.” -- Troy Vettese * Viewpoint Magazine *Table of ContentsAcknowledgments vii Introduction. The Soul of Carbon Dioxide 1 Part I. Knowledge 1. Inhabiting the Spaceship 37 2. Beautiful Buildings and Research Contracts 65 Part II. Technology 3. Ergos: A New Energy Currency 101 4. An Expensive Toy 127 Part III. Governance 5. Subsurface Workings 157 Epilogue. The Potential Futures of Abu Dhabi's Masdar 183 Notes 199 References 237 Index 249

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Book SynopsisReviews the latest advances in biofuel manufacturing technologies and discusses the deployment of other renewable energy for transportation Aimed at providing an interface useful to business and scientific managers, this book focuses on the key challenges that still impede the realization of the billion-ton renewable fuels vision. It places great emphasis on a global view of the topic, reviewing deployment and green energy technology in different countries across Africa, Asia, South America, the EU, and the USA. It also integrates scientific, technological, and business development perspectives to highlight the key developments that are necessary for the global replacement of fossil fuels with green energy solutions. Green Energy to Sustainability: Strategies for Global Industries examines the most recent developments in biofuel manufacturing technologies in light of business, financial, value chain, and supply chain concerns. It also covers the use of otTable of ContentsAbout the Editors xxi List of Contributors xxv Foreword xxxi Preface xxxiii Part I Structure of the Energy Business 1 1 Economic Growth and the Global Energy Demand 3Jürgen Scheffran, Miriam Felkers and Rebecca Froese 1.1 Historical Context and Relationship Between Energy and Development 3 1.2 Conceptual Framework for Pathways of Energy Use 6 1.3 World Population Trends and Prospects 7 1.4 Gross Domestic Product (GDP) and Economic Growth 8 1.5 Global Energy Development 11 1.6 Global Emissions of Greenhouse Gases 14 1.7 Linkages Between Kaya Factors 16 1.8 Development of Energy Investment 28 1.9 Conditions for Energy Transition and Decarbonization 31 1.10 Perspectives 37 Acknowledgments 38 References 38 2 The Energy Mix in Japan Post-Fukushima 45Seiji Nakagame 2.1 Greenhouse Gas (GHG) Emissions by Japan 45 2.2 Energy Dependence 46 2.3 The Energy Policy of Japan 48 2.4 Paris Agreement 49 2.5 Prospective Energy Demand 50 2.6 Improvement in Energy Efficiency 50 2.7 Reduction of CO2 Emission in Electric Generation 51 2.8 Development of New Technologies for Decreasing GHG Emissions 51 2.9 Production and Use of Bioethanol in Japan 51 2.10 Production and Use of Hydrocarbons in Japan 52 2.11 Production and Use of Hydrogen in Japan 52 2.12 Contributions of the Japanese Government to Fundamental Research and Development 52 2.13 Perspectives 53 References 53 3 Green Energy in Africa, Asia, and South America 57Daniel de Castro Assumpção, Marcelo Hamaguchi, José Dilcio Rocha and Adriano P. Mariano 3.1 Introduction 57 3.2 South America 58 3.3 Africa 62 3.4 Southeast Asia 66 3.5 China 69 3.6 Global Perspectives 72 References 72 4 The Development of Solar Energy Generation Technologies and Global Production Capabilities 77F. John Hay and N. Ianno 4.1 Introduction 77 4.2 Sunlight and Photosynthesis 78 4.3 Photovoltaic Devices 79 4.4 Overview of Solar Photovoltaic Applications 82 4.5 Perspectives 83 References 84 5 Recent Trends, Opportunities and Challenges of Sustainable Aviation Fuel 85Libing Zhang, Terri L. Butler and Bin Yang 5.1 Introduction 85 5.2 Overview of the Jet Fuel Market 86 5.3 Assessment of Environmental Policy and Economic Factors Affecting the Aviation Industry 93 5.4 Current Activities Around Biojet in the Aviation Industry 98 5.5 Challenges of Future Biojet Fuel Development 100 5.6 Perspectives 104 Acknowledgments 105 References 105 6 The Environmental Impact of Pollution Prevention and Other Sustainable Development Strategies Implemented by the Automotive Manufacturing Industry 111Sandra D. Gaona, Cheryl Keenan, Cyril Vallet, Lawrence Reichle and Stephen C. DeVito 6.1 Introduction 111 6.2 Overview of the Automotive Manufacturing Industry 112 6.3 Chemicals and Chemical Waste in Automotive Manufacturing 114 6.4 Pollution Prevention in Automotive Manufacturing 121 6.5 Perspectives 131 Disclaimer 134 References 134 7 The Global Demand for Biofuels and Biotechnology-Derived Commodity Chemicals: Technologies, Markets, and Challenges 137Stephen R. Hughes and Marjorie A. Jones 7.1 Introduction 137 7.2 Overview of Global Energy Demand 137 7.3 Petroleum Demand and Petroleum Products for Potential Replacement by Bioproducts 140 7.4 Role of Biofuels and Biobased Chemicals in Renewable Energy Demand 143 7.5 Achieving Petroleum Replacement with Biobased Fuels and Chemicals 145 7.6 Projections of Global Demand for Biobased Fuels and Chemicals 149 7.7 Potential Impacts on Price of Transportation Fuels and Chemicals Assuming Various Scenarios of World Economic Growth 151 7.8 Projection of Energy-Related CO2 Emissions With or Without Remediation Technology 151 7.9 Government Impact on Demand for Biofuels and Biobased Chemicals 152 7.10 Perspectives 154 References 155 Part II Chemicals and Transportation Fuels from Biomass 157 8 Sustainable Platform Chemicals from Biomass 159Ankita Juneja and Vijay Singh 8.1 Introduction 159 8.2 2-Carbon 161 8.3 3-Carbon 163 8.4 4-Carbon 166 8.5 5-Carbon 169 8.6 6-Carbon 171 8.7 Perspectives 174 References 175 9 Biofuels from Microalgae and Seaweeds: Potentials of Industrial Scale Production 185Licheng Peng, Freeman Lan and Christopher Q. Lan 9.1 Introduction 185 9.2 Biofuels 186 9.3 Biofuels from Microalgae and Seaweeds 191 9.4 Recent Developments in Algae Processing Technologies 195 9.5 Potential for Industrial Scale Production 200 9.6 Progresses in the Commercial Production of Alga-Based Biofuels 205 9.7 Perspectives 209 References 210 10 Advanced Fermentation Technologies: Conversion of Biomass to Ethanol by Organisms Other than Yeasts, a Case for Escherichia coli 219K. T. Shanmugam, Lorraine P. Yomano, Sean W. York and Lonnie O. Ingram 10.1 Introduction 219 10.2 Zymomonas mobilis 222 10.3 Escherichia coli 223 10.4 Osmotic Stress of High Sugar Concentration 227 10.5 Inhibitor-Tolerant Ethanologenic E. coli 227 10.6 Engineering Bacterial Biocatalysts Other than E. coli for the Production of Ethanol Using the PDC/ADH Pathway 229 10.7 Ethanol Production by Non-PDC Pathways 230 10.8 Partition of Carbon at the Pyruvate Node 231 10.9 Other Metabolic Pathways that Contribute to Ethanol Production 231 10.10 Perspectives 232 Acknowledgements 232 References 233 11 Clostridia and Process Engineering for Energy Generation 239Adriano P. Mariano, Danilo S. Braz, Henrique C. A. Venturelli and Nasib Qureshi 11.1 Introduction 239 11.2 Recent Technological Advances 241 11.3 Economic Modelling and Case Study 246 11.4 Perspectives 263 Acknowledgements 263 References 264 12 Fuel Ethanol Production from Lignocellulosic Materials Using Recombinant Yeasts 269Stephen R. Hughes and Marjorie A. Jones 12.1 Review of Current Fuel Ethanol Production 269 12.2 Evolution of Cost of Cellulosic Ethanol Production 272 12.3 Technological Opportunities to Reduce Cellulosic Ethanol Production Costs 277 12.4 Perspectives: Approaches to Optimize the Use of Lignocellulosic and Waste Materials as Feedstocks 279 References 281 13 Enzymes for Cellulosic Biomass Hydrolysis and Saccharification 283Elmar M. Villota, Ziyu Dai, Yanpin Lu and Bin Yang 13.1 Introduction 283 13.2 Glycosyl Hydrolases: General Structure and Mechanism 286 13.3 The Cellulase Enzyme System 289 13.4 The Hemicellulase Enzyme System 295 13.5 Microorganisms for Biomass Hydrolysis 299 13.6 Perspectives 308 Acknowledgement 309 References 309 14 Life Cycle Assessment of Biofuels and Green Commodity Chemicals 327Mairi J. Black, Onesmus Mwabonje, Aiduan Li Borrion and Aurelia Karina Hillary 14.1 Introduction 327 14.2 Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) 328 14.3 The Origin and Principles of Life Cycle Assessment 329 14.4 Developing a Life Cycle Assessment 329 14.5 Scope of the Life Cycle Assessment: Attributional verses Consequential 331 14.6 Biofuels and Green Commodity Chemicals 332 14.7 Feedstocks for Biofuels 332 14.8 Conversion of Feedstock 333 14.9 Supply Chain and Logistics 335 14.10 Using LCA as a Tool to Assess GHG Emissions and Other Impacts Associated with Bioethanol Production and Supply 335 14.11 Discussion on the Suitability of LCA 336 14.12 Perspectives: Moving Forward with the LCA Concept 348 References 349 Part III Hydrogen and Methane 355 15 Biotechnological Production of Fuel Hydrogen and Its Market Deployment 357Carolina Zampol Lazaro, Emrah Sagir and Patrick C. Hallenbeck 15.1 Introduction 357 15.2 Hydrogen Production Through Dark Fermentation 358 15.3 Hydrogen Production Through Photofermentation 370 15.4 Hydrogen Production by Combined Systems 370 15.5 Perspectives 379 Acknowledgements 383 References 383 16 Deployment of Biogas Production Technologies in Emerging Countries 395Guangyin Zhen, Xueqin Lu, Xiaohui Wang, Shaojuan Zheng, Jianhui Wang, Zhongxiang Zhi, Lianghu Su, Kaiqin Xu, Takuro Kobayashi, Gopalakrishnan Kumar and Youcai Zhao 16.1 Introduction 395 16.2 Types of Feedstock 397 16.3 Pretreatment Technologies of Anaerobic Digestion Feedstocks 404 16.4 Full-scale Implementation Status of Anaerobic Digestion in Developing Countries 413 16.5 Perspectives 416 References 416 17 Hydrogen Production by Algae 425Tunc Catal and Halil Kavakli 17.1 Importance of Hydrogen Production 425 17.2 Hydrogen Producing Microorganisms 427 17.3 Hydrogen Producing Algae (Macro–Micro) Species 428 17.4 Production of Biohydrogen Through Fermentation 431 17.5 Technologies (Solar Algae Fuel Cell/Microbial Fuel Cell) 433 17.6 Possibility of Commercial Production of Hydrogen 434 17.7 Perspectives and Future Implications of Algae in Biotechnology 437 References 438 18 Production and Utilization of Methane Biogas as Renewable Fuel 447Ganesh Dattatraya Saratale, Jeyapraksh Damaraja, Sutha Shobana, Rijuta Ganesh Saratale, Sivagurunathan Periyasamy, Gunagyin Zhen and Gopalakrishnan Kumar 18.1 Introduction 447 18.2 Anaerobic Digestion 448 18.3 Mechanism of Anaerobic Digestion 449 18.4 Significant Factors Influencing Anaerobic Digestion 455 18.5 Strategies Applied to Enhance Microalgae Methane Biogas Production 456 18.6 Utilization of Methane Biogas as a Renewable Fuel 458 18.7 Perspectives 459 References 459 Part IV Perspectives 465 19 Integrated Biorefineries for the Production of Bioethanol, Biodiesel, and Other Commodity Chemicals 467Pedro F Souza Filho and Mohammad J Taherzadeh 19.1 Introduction 467 19.2 Types of Biorefineries 468 19.3 Biorefinery Platforms 471 19.4 Integrated Biorefineries 472 19.5 Coproducts 475 19.6 Integrating Ethanol and Biodiesel Refineries 480 19.7 Economical Aspects 482 19.8 Perspectives 484 References 484 20 Lignocellulosic Crops as Sustainable Raw Materials for Bioenergy 489Emiliano Maletta and Carlos Hernández Díaz-Ambrona 20.1 Introduction 489 20.2 Major Lignocellulosic Industrial Crops 492 20.3 Social, Economic and Environmental Aspects in Sustainability Criteria 498 20.4 Processing Alternatives for Lignocellulosic Bioenergy Crops 502 20.5 Filling the Gap: From Farm to Industry 503 20.6 Perspectives 506 References 508 21 Industrial Waste Valorization: Applications to the Case of Liquid Biofuels 515Haibo Huang and Qing Jin 21.1 Introduction 515 21.2 Types of Industrial Waste for Biofuel Production 516 21.3 Ethanol Production 517 21.4 Butanol 523 21.5 Biodiesel 527 21.6 Perspectives 531 References 531 22 The Environmental Impact of Pollution Prevention, Sustainable Energy Generation, and Other Sustainable Development Strategies Implemented by the Food Manufacturing Sector 539Sandra D. Gaona, T.J. Pepping, Cheryl Keenan and Stephen C. DeVito 22.1 Introduction 539 22.2 Overview of the Food Manufacturing Industry 540 22.3 Chemicals and Chemical Wastes in the Food Manufacturing Industry 545 22.4 Pollution Prevention in Food Manufacturing 554 22.5 Perspectives 563 Disclaimer 564 References 564 23 Financing Strategies for Sustainable Bioenergy and the Commodity Chemicals Industry 569Praveen V. Vadlani 23.1 The Current Financing Scenario at Global Level 569 23.2 Ethanol Biofuel Industry – An Overview 572 23.3 Bio-Based Industry – Current Status and Future Potential 577 23.4 Financing and Investment Strategy for Bio-Based Industries 579 23.5 Perspectives and Sustainable Financing Approach – Change in Wall Street Mindset in the Valuation of Bio-Based Industries 583 Acknowledgements 584 References 585 24 Corporate Social Responsibility and Corporate Sustainability as Forces of Change 587Asutosh T. Yagnik 24.1 Introduction 587 24.2 Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) 587 24.3 From CSR to Corporate Sustainability 597 24.4 Perspectives 603 References 607 25 The Industrial World in the Twenty-First Century 613Alain A. Vertès 25.1 Introduction: Energy and Sustainability 613 25.2 Transportation in the Twenty-First Century: A Carbon Tax Story 622 25.3 Cities of Change 627 25.4 The Chemical Industry Revisited 629 25.5 Paradigm Changes in Modes of Consumption 633 25.6 International Action for Curbing the Pollution of the Atmosphere Commons: The Case of CFCs and the Ozone Layer 634 25.7 Social Activism as an Engine of Change: Requiem for a Wonderful World 635 25.8 Perspectives: A Brave New World 636 References 639 Index 649

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Book SynopsisEnergy Systems and Sustainability provides an exploration of the economic, social, environmental, and policy issues raised by current systems of energy use, as well as describing their key physical and engineering features.Table of Contents1: Introduction 2: Primary energy 3: What do we use energy for? 4: Forms of energy 5: Coal 6: Heat to motive power 7: Oil and gas 8: Oil and gas engines 9: Electricity 10: Nuclear power 11: Future of nuclear power 12: Costing energy 13: Penalties 14: Remedies

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Book Synopsis'Entertaining and insightful' -- Evening Standard'One of the most important books of the year... Compelling' Jamie Bartlett, Literary Review'Timely' -- New StatesmanAs the world becomes better connected and we grow ever more dependent on technology, the risks to our infrastructure are multiplying. Whether it's a hostile state striking the national grid (like Russia did with Ukraine in 2016) or a freak solar storm, our systems have become so interlinked that if one part goes down the rest topple like dominoes.In this groundbreaking book, former government minister Oliver Letwin looks ten years into the future and imagines a UK in which the national grid has collapsed. Reliant on the internet, automated electric cars, voice-over IP, GPS, and the internet of things, law and order would disintegrate. Taking us from high-level government meetings to elderly citizens waiting in vain for their carers, this book is a wake up call for why we should question our unshakeable faith in technology. But it's much more than that: Letwin uses his vast experience in government to outline how businesses and government should respond to catastrophic black swan events that seem distant and implausible - until they occur.Trade ReviewEntertaining and insightful... The picture [Letwin] paints is bleak as he uses chapters that alternate between a fictional depiction of chaotic meltdown in the year 2037 and analysis of the real-life causes to show why such disaster could occur. * Evening Standard *One of the most important books of the year... compelling * Jamie Bartlett, Literary Review *Timely... it provides an insight into the mindsets that prevent politicians and civil servants from properly preparing for catastrophes. * New Statesman *A vivid and engaging account of how the risks inherent in our increasing dependence on technology could someday coalesce into a perfect storm with disastrous consequences. Apocalypse How? reads like a dystopian thriller, but makes it clear that the dangers are very real. * Martin Ford, New York Times bestselling author of The Rise of the Robots *A vital guide for anyone in business or government who wants to know how to respond when apparently distant and implausible events strike home. * Prospect *Masterful, disturbing and informed, Letwin takes us to the abyss - to a society paralysed by the total failure of its interconnected power and communications networks. His contingency plans should be mandatory reading. * Professor Richard Susskind OBE, Chair of Advisory Board, Oxford Internet Institute *From severe floods and accelerating climate change to cyber-attacks and space weather, there is a whole series of threats that could bring a modern country to a standstill. Oliver Letwin spent more time than any minister in recent history trying to understand, prevent and combat the unexpected disasters that could engulf a modern government. * David Cameron *Table of Contents0: Prologue 1: Could it happen? 2: The Cabinet Office 3: The social impact of black-swan events 4: Out in the darkness 5: Fragility and resilience 6: A difficult choice 7: Myths and realities 8: For whom the bell tolls 9: The global perspective

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Book SynopsisModern societies require energy systems to provide energy for cooking, heating, transport, and materials processing, as well as for electricity generation. Energy systems include the primary fuel, its conversion, and transport to the point of use. In many cases this primary fuel is still a fossil fuel, a one-use resource derived from a finite supply within our planet, causing considerable damage to the environment. After 300 years of increasing reliance on fossil fuels, particularly coal, it is becoming ever clearer that the present energy systems need to change. In this Very Short Introduction Nick Jenkins explores our historic investment in the exploitation of fossil energy resources and their current importance, and discusses the implications of our increasing rate of energy use. He considers the widespread acceptance by scientists and policy makers that our energy systems must reduce emissions of CO2 and other greenhouse gases, and looks forward to the radical changes in fuel technology that will be necessary to continue to provide energy supplies in a sustainable manner, and extend access across the developing world. Considering the impact of changing to an environmentally benign and low-carbon energy system, Jenkins also looks at future low-carbon energy systems which would use electricity from a variety of renewable energy sources, as well as the role of nuclear power in our energy use.ABOUT THE SERIES: The Very Short Introductions series from Oxford University Press contains hundreds of titles in almost every subject area. These pocket-sized books are the perfect way to get ahead in a new subject quickly. Our expert authors combine facts, analysis, perspective, new ideas, and enthusiasm to make interesting and challenging topics highly readable.Table of ContentsIntroduction 1: Energy systems 2: Fossil fuels 3: Electricity systems 4: Nuclear power 5: Renewable energy systems 6: Future energy systems Further reading Index

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Book SynopsisThis book explores how Qatar became a major player in the global energy market. Part historical analysis, part in-the-room narrative, it is the definitive account of oil and gas development in Qatar.Trade ReviewFrom Black Gold to Frozen Gas is the definitive account of Qatar’s growth from a tiny backwater to a major force in global markets and regional politics. This book draws on Tusiani’s fifty years working in Qatar’s gas industry to provide a fascinating and well-told insider’s account, featuring both deep research and unique personal insight. -- Lisa Anderson, Columbia UniversityA unique historical account of Qatar’s energy industry. Tusiani and Johnson detail the country’s accomplishments as well as covering the challenges faced along the way. This book will be a must-read for anyone interested in the history of Qatar, global energy, and geopolitics. -- Talal Abdulla Al-Emadi, dean, Qatar University College of LawTable of ContentsForewordPrefaceList of AbbreviationsIntroduction1. Qatar Before Oil: A Historical Perspective2. Qatar’s First Oil Concession: Twists and Turns3. Eureka! Oil Is Discovered at Qatar’s Dukhan Field4. Choppy Waters: Qatar’s First Marine Oil Concession5. Qatar’s Ruler Presses for Better Oil Terms6. Labor Strikes, Another Abdication, and an Industrial Project7. Independence, First Gas Liquids Project, and a Bloodless Coup8. The Early Khalifa Years: 1970s Resource Nationalism9. Explosion Destroys Qatar’s First NGL Plant10. Crunch Time Looms for North West Dome Gas Field11. Partners Selected for Major North Field Gas Project12. Qatar Embarks on First Stage of North Field Gas Project13. Rocky Road for Qatar’s First LNG Project14. Tough Launch for Mobil’s RasGas LNG Project15. Financial Difficulties Mount After 1995 CoupEpilogue: North Field Gas Transforms Qatar into Energy SuperpowerAcknowledgmentsBibliographyIndexAbout the Authors

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Book SynopsisFrom the bestselling historian and acclaimed broadcasterA rich social history Paxman's book could hardly be more colourful, and I enjoyed each page enormously' DOMINIC SANDBROOK, SUNDAY TIMESVividly told Paxman's fine narrative powers are at their best' THE TIMESCoal is the commodity that made Britain. Dirty and polluting though it is, this black rock has acted as a midwife to genius. It drove industry, religion, politics, empire and trade. It powered the industrial revolution, turned Britain into the first urban nation and is the industry that made almost all others possible.In this brilliant social history, Jeremy Paxman tells the story of coal mining in England, Scotland and Wales from Roman times, through the birth of steam power to war, nationalisation, pea-souper smogs, industrial strife and the picket lines of the Miner's Strike.Written in the captivating style of his bestselling book The English, Paxman ranges widely across Britain to explore stories of engineers and inventorTrade Review‘[A] rich social history … Given coal’s image, a popular history might seem a foolhardy undertaking. Yet Paxman’s book could hardly be more colourful, and I enjoyed every page enormously … A mining community, as Paxman points out, was not just a place of dirt and danger. It was a “place where you slept and ate, visited the doctor, fell in love, had your children and entertained yourself” … One day soon, Paxman says, we may forget it was ever there. But his book does a fine job of bringing it alive, and deserves the widest possible readership’Dominic Sandbrook, Sunday Times ‘A rich seam of history … Coal made Britain top nation, but we don’t talk about it much … Much more than the story of an industry: it is a history of Britain from an unusual angle, vividly told, that throws new light on familiar features of our national landscape … Paxman’s fine narrative powers are at their best in his account of [miner’s strikes] … From its beginnings to its end, the industry that made our country what it is, for good and ill, was a brutal business. Paxman is determined that we should not forget it’Emma Duncan, The Times ‘[A] terrific history … Paxman is not afraid to call out poor behaviour … A rich seam for acerbic Paxman’Kathryn Hughes, Mail on Sunday ‘A really interesting, timely book’Steve Wright, BBC Radio 2 ‘The history of coal in Britain might not sound immediately gripping, but it was. Paxo brings it all to life – the men, women and children toiling in the dark, in conditions no one could endure today. The courage of those communities shines from every page’Conn Iggulden, Daily Express ‘Filled with fun facts … Jeremy Paxman is particularly good at explaining why coal mattered so much. He has a sharp pen, and a good eye for detail’Daily Telegraph ‘Paxman tells a good story and he doesn’t mind who knows it. Ebullient and condescending at the same time, he is particularly good on set pieces’New Statesman

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Book SynopsisOver the past century and a half, no two nations have exchanged natural resources, produced transborder environmental agreements, or cooperatively altered ecosystems on the same scale as Canada and the United States. Natural Allies offers a reinterpretation of the history of US-Canada relations by focusing on the role of environment and energy.Trade Review“Natural Allies is a sweeping book that redefines our understanding of Canada-US relations since 1867 as well as environmental diplomacy more broadly. There is no other book like it, and it will provide a useful new perspective to anyone studying or interested in foreign policy or environmental issues in North America.” Kurk Dorsey, University of New Hampshire and author of The Dawn of Conservation Diplomacy: US-Canadian Wildlife Protection Treaties in the Progressive Era

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Book SynopsisOver the past century and a half, no two nations have exchanged natural resources, produced transborder environmental agreements, or cooperatively altered ecosystems on the same scale as Canada and the United States. Natural Allies offers a reinterpretation of the history of US-Canada relations by focusing on the role of environment and energy.Trade Review“Natural Allies is a sweeping book that redefines our understanding of Canada-US relations since 1867 as well as environmental diplomacy more broadly. There is no other book like it, and it will provide a useful new perspective to anyone studying or interested in foreign policy or environmental issues in North America.” Kurk Dorsey, University of New Hampshire and author of The Dawn of Conservation Diplomacy: US-Canadian Wildlife Protection Treaties in the Progressive Era

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Book SynopsisThis second edition of Climate Change is an accessible and comprehensive guide to the science behind global warming. Edmond A. Mathez and Jason E. Smerdon provide a broad, informative introduction to the science that underlies our understanding of the climate system and the effects of human activity on the warming of our planet.Trade ReviewThis text should have great appeal for teaching an introductory undergraduate course on climate change science as well as a broad survey for graduate students. The book is well written with concepts adequately explained. Mathez and Smerdon have done a great job at hitting many of the very important concepts for understanding past, present, and future climate change as well as what we can and should do about it. I particularly liked the “back of the envelope” sections that let students confront some quantitative thinking without getting bogged down in mathematical details. The many illustrations and beautiful photos should make the book appealing to students as well as the general public. -- Lonnie G. Thompson, Distinguished University Professor, School of Earth Sciences, The Ohio State UniversityMathez and Smerdon present a concise, accurate description of the workings of our climate system that is rich with historical context, vivid graphics, and concrete examples. The beauty and wonder of our atmosphere and oceans are on full display, even as many of their mysteries are revealed for the nonspecialist. Readers will not only understand the fundamental causes and implications of climate change, but they also will understand the diverse set of tools and approaches that scientists use to study the climate system in all its complexity. This book is a treasure trove of insights for anyone with an affinity for science and an interest in the future of our planet and its inhabitants. -- Kim M. Cobb, Georgia Power Chair and ADVANCE Professor, School of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences, Georgia Institute of TechnologyA superb textbook, easily one of the best currently available. Very few texts are written as thoughtfully as this one. Mathez and Smerdon hit a home run! -- Scott Mandia, cofounder and chairman of the Climate Science Legal Defense Fund, Professor of Physical Sciences at Suffolk County Community CollegeThis book has great coverage of all the salient issues—the history of climate science, the climate science of (pre)-history, the scientists' own histories, and, most importantly, what this means going forward. The writing is clear while also comprehensive and the look and feel of the book make it a text you want to dive in to at random, confident that you'd find something interesting. -- Gavin Schmidt, climate scientistInformative and insightful, this textbook clearly explains the basic science of the Earth's climate system and the human influence on it. Superb illustrations bring the science to life, and the historical stories that accompany the key concepts paint a vivid picture of not only what we know, but how and why we learned it. -- Katharine Hayhoe, Co-Director of the Climate Science Center, Texas Tech UniversityThis excellent updated text on climate change was written by scientists in geophysics and climate change....Recommended. All readers. * Choice *Exceptionally well written, organized and presented, this new second edition. . . is ideal and highly recommended as a climate change curriculum textbook. * Midwest Book Review *Table of ContentsPrefaceProloguePart I. The Climate System1. The Atmosphere2. The World Ocean3. Ocean–Atmosphere Interactions4. The Carbon Cycle and How It Influences Climate Part II. Climate Change and Its Drivers5. The Concept of Radiation Balance, a Scientific Framework for Thinking About Climate Change6. Radiative Forcing, Feedbacks, and Some Other Characteristics of the Climate System7. Learning from the Climate of the Distant PastPart III. Consequences of Climate Change8. The Climate of the Recent Past and Impacts on Human History9. Observing the Change10. Greenland, Antarctica, and Sea-Level RisePart IV. The Future11. Climate Models and the Future12. Climate Change Risk in an Unknowable Future13. Energy and the FutureEpilogueNotesGlossary BibliographyIndex

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Book SynopsisThis second edition of Climate Change is an accessible and comprehensive guide to the science behind global warming. Edmond A. Mathez and Jason E. Smerdon provide a broad, informative introduction to the science that underlies our understanding of the climate system and the effects of human activity on the warming of our planet.Trade ReviewThis text should have great appeal for teaching an introductory undergraduate course on climate change science as well as a broad survey for graduate students. The book is well written with concepts adequately explained. Mathez and Smerdon have done a great job at hitting many of the very important concepts for understanding past, present, and future climate change as well as what we can and should do about it. I particularly liked the “back of the envelope” sections that let students confront some quantitative thinking without getting bogged down in mathematical details. The many illustrations and beautiful photos should make the book appealing to students as well as the general public. -- Lonnie G. Thompson, Distinguished University Professor, School of Earth Sciences, The Ohio State UniversityMathez and Smerdon present a concise, accurate description of the workings of our climate system that is rich with historical context, vivid graphics, and concrete examples. The beauty and wonder of our atmosphere and oceans are on full display, even as many of their mysteries are revealed for the nonspecialist. Readers will not only understand the fundamental causes and implications of climate change, but they also will understand the diverse set of tools and approaches that scientists use to study the climate system in all its complexity. This book is a treasure trove of insights for anyone with an affinity for science and an interest in the future of our planet and its inhabitants. -- Kim M. Cobb, Georgia Power Chair and ADVANCE Professor, School of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences, Georgia Institute of TechnologyA superb textbook, easily one of the best currently available. Very few texts are written as thoughtfully as this one. Mathez and Smerdon hit a home run! -- Scott Mandia, cofounder and chairman of the Climate Science Legal Defense Fund, Professor of Physical Sciences at Suffolk County Community CollegeThis book has great coverage of all the salient issues—the history of climate science, the climate science of (pre)-history, the scientists' own histories, and, most importantly, what this means going forward. The writing is clear while also comprehensive and the look and feel of the book make it a text you want to dive in to at random, confident that you'd find something interesting. -- Gavin Schmidt, climate scientistInformative and insightful, this textbook clearly explains the basic science of the Earth's climate system and the human influence on it. Superb illustrations bring the science to life, and the historical stories that accompany the key concepts paint a vivid picture of not only what we know, but how and why we learned it. -- Katharine Hayhoe, Co-Director of the Climate Science Center, Texas Tech UniversityThis excellent updated text on climate change was written by scientists in geophysics and climate change....Recommended. All readers. * Choice *Exceptionally well written, organized and presented, this new second edition. . . is ideal and highly recommended as a climate change curriculum textbook. * Midwest Book Review *Table of ContentsPrefaceProloguePart I. The Climate System1. The Atmosphere2. The World Ocean3. Ocean–Atmosphere Interactions4. The Carbon Cycle and How It Influences Climate Part II. Climate Change and Its Drivers5. The Concept of Radiation Balance, a Scientific Framework for Thinking About Climate Change6. Radiative Forcing, Feedbacks, and Some Other Characteristics of the Climate System7. Learning from the Climate of the Distant PastPart III. Consequences of Climate Change8. The Climate of the Recent Past and Impacts on Human History9. Observing the Change10. Greenland, Antarctica, and Sea-Level RisePart IV. The Future11. Climate Models and the Future12. Climate Change Risk in an Unknowable Future13. Energy and the FutureEpilogueNotesGlossary BibliographyIndex

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Book SynopsisCoping with the Climate Crisis brings together leading experts from academia and policy circles to explore issues related to the implementation of the COP21 Paris Agreement and the challenges of accelerating the transition toward sustainable development. The book synthesizes the key insights of climate change economics in an accessible guide.Trade ReviewThe Paris Agreement will only find its way into the history books if we manage to implement it. Coping with the Climate Crisis looks at precisely that topic, making the latest economic research on climate change user friendly for policy makers. -- Klaas Knot, president, De Nederlandsche BankWhether you believe in the science or not or care about future generations or not, climate change is already affecting your welfare. Coping with the Climate Crisis demonstrates that the world is moving rapidly from identifying climate-change problems to implementing solutions. The authors articulate how our economies must evolve and our institutions strengthen in resolve and focus. A must-read for all consumers, investors, businesses, and policy makers globally—skeptical or otherwise. -- Adrian Orr, governor, Reserve Bank of New Zealand, and CEO, New Zealand Superannuation FundBringing together contributions from some of the world's foremost economic practitioners and theorists, this accessible book will be useful to both policy makers and academics wishing to understand the frontier of climate change economics and the possible future of climate policy around the globe. -- Ben Groom, London School of EconomicsStrongly endorses it as a reference for scholars and policy makers. * Choice *In sum, this book emphasizes global pricing of carbon and a tax imposed on emitters. It shows that there can be venues of agreement between stakeholders to reduce GHG emissions. * Philippine Political Science Journal *Table of ContentsForeword, by Nizar Baraka, President of the Scientific Committee of COP22AcknowledgmentsIntroduction, by Rabah Arezki, Patrick Bolton, Karim El Aynaoui, and Maurice ObstfeldPart I: The Energy Transition and Its Consequences1. Reducing Energy Greenhouse Gas Emissions to Meet Our Climate Goals: An Overview, by Philippe Benoit2. Transitional Risks and the Safe Carbon Budget, by Rick van der PloegPart II: Carbon Pricing and Dealing with Uncertainty3. Fighting Climate Change and the Social Cost of Carbon, by Christian Gollier4. How Should Countries Price Fossil Fuels?, by Ian Parry5. Should Carbon Pricing Be Different Across Countries?, by Katheline Schubert6. Needed: Robustness in Climate Economics, by Ted Loch-TemzelidesPart III: Implementing Climate Agreements7. Improving Paris: Credibility, Technology, and Conservation, by Bård Harstad8. Can a Uniform Carbon-Price Commitment Help to Resolve the Global Warming Problem?, by Martin L. Weitzman9. Addressing Climate Change: Does the IMF Have a Role?, by Maurice Obstfeld10. Post-Paris Clean Energy Options for China, by Ujjayant Chakravorty, Carolyn Fischer, and Marie-Helene HubertPart IV: Finance and Sustainable Infrastructure11. Financing Sustainable Infrastructure, by Thierry Déau and Julien Touati12. Climate Change: A Policy-Making Case Study of Capital Markets’Mobilization for Public Good, by Jean Boissinot and Frédéric SamamaContributorsIndex

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Book SynopsisThis book is a primer for readers of all levels on the coming energy transition and its global consequences. Bruce Usher provides a concise yet comprehensive explanation for the growth in wind and solar energy; the trajectory of the transition from fossil fuels to renewables; and the implications for industries, countries, and the climate.Trade ReviewBalanced, articulate, and informative. * Kirkus Reviews *A short, handy new guide from the Earth Institute cuts through the noise about renewable energy to lay out the facts about this politically charged subject. -- Kevin Krajick * State of the Planet | Earth Institute | Columbia University *[A] superb corrective. -- Barbara Kiser * Nature *Anecdotes and facts packed into the book will surely leave you with the feeling that you have actually learned something new. And it will surely leave you with some new questions to ponder. -- Vitaliy Soloviy * Sustainability Times *Highly recommended for personal, public, academic, and special subject libraries. -- Byron Anderson * Electronic Green Journal *Usher's clear, precise, and concise prose debunks common misconceptions. . . . Renewable Energy provides a convincing argument to help all of us force the changes in political will needed to accelerate the changeover to renewable energy sources. -- Ray Bert * Civil Engineering *A concise yet comprehensive account of the extraordinary growth in wind and solar energy; the trajectory of the transition from fossil fuels to renewables; and the implications for industries, countries, and the climate. -- Ian Angus * Green Left Weekly *There’s a lot of talk about renewable energy these days. But few really understand it—the basic science, the limits, and the great promise it holds. Read Bruce Usher’s Renewable Energy: A Primer for the Twenty-First Century to better understand the great technological and economic revolution of this century. -- Michael E. Mann, Distinguished Professor of Atmospheric Science, Penn State University, and coauthor of The Madhouse Effect: How Climate Change Denial is Threatening Our Planet, Destroying Our Politics, and Driving Us CrazyPolicy makers, utilities, investors, and incumbent industries would be well served to read Bruce Usher’s Renewable Energy. Buttressed by history and fact, Usher makes the compelling case that the transition to renewable energy is underway. Government policy can slow or accelerate the transition but transition is inexorable. There will be lots of winners on the transition, but woe to the losers. -- Richard L. Kauffman, Chairman of Energy and Finance for New YorkBruce Usher brings the important and under-explained rise of renewable energy out of his business school classroom to a captivating read for business and policy audiences. Part history, part forecasting, this important book sets out the winners and losers—individuals, businesses, and nations—in the dynamic energy transition underway. -- Glenn Hubbard, Dean and Russell L. Carson Professor of Finance and Economics, Columbia Business School, and former chairman of the U.S. Council of Economic Advisers.Usher explains in clear and intelligible language the primary technical and economic characteristics of renewable energy. The book documents the rapid rise of renewables within the history of modern energy, providing a thoughtful and balanced point of view that makes this book stand out from more advocacy-focused works. -- Charles Donovan, director of the Centre for Climate Science and Investment, Imperial College Business SchoolClimate change is arguably the greatest challenge of our times and the move towards renewable energy provides part of the solution. This easily readable book provides a straightforward account of the issues and opportunities of this great transition, framed in the context of historical precedents, economic and environmental drivers, and future horizons. Usher explains the financial factors and focuses on intermittency of wind and solar power as the greatest barrier, but one for which there may be exciting and innovative solutions. -- Alex Halliday, Director of the Earth Institute, Columbia UniversityUsher provides a clear and well documented description of the energy transition accessible both to the lay person but also of interest to energy professors and enthusiasts alike. This book ties together the convergence of low cost solar and wind with energy storage with electric vehicles in a clear and concise manner. -- David Kirkpatrick, managing director and cofounder, SJF VenturesTable of ContentsPreface: Setting the Record Straight1. Renewable Energy in the Twenty-First Century2. Energy Transitions: Fire to Electricity3. The Rise of Renewables4. Renewable Wind Energy5. Renewable Solar Energy6. Financing Renewable Energy7. Energy Transitions: Oats to Oil8. The Rise of Electric Vehicles9. Parity10. Convergence11. Consequences12. No Time to LoseAppendix A. Levelized Cost of Electricity (LCOE)Appendix B. The Transition to Renewable EnergyGlossaryNotesIndex

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Book SynopsisThis book is a primer for readers of all levels on the coming energy transition and its global consequences. Bruce Usher provides a concise yet comprehensive explanation for the growth in wind and solar energy; the trajectory of the transition from fossil fuels to renewables; and the implications for industries, countries, and the climate.Trade ReviewBalanced, articulate, and informative. * Kirkus Reviews *A short, handy new guide from the Earth Institute cuts through the noise about renewable energy to lay out the facts about this politically charged subject. -- Kevin Krajick * State of the Planet | Earth Institute | Columbia University *[A] superb corrective. -- Barbara Kiser * Nature *Anecdotes and facts packed into the book will surely leave you with the feeling that you have actually learned something new. And it will surely leave you with some new questions to ponder. -- Vitaliy Soloviy * Sustainability Times *Highly recommended for personal, public, academic, and special subject libraries. -- Byron Anderson * Electronic Green Journal *Usher's clear, precise, and concise prose debunks common misconceptions. . . . Renewable Energy provides a convincing argument to help all of us force the changes in political will needed to accelerate the changeover to renewable energy sources. -- Ray Bert * Civil Engineering *A concise yet comprehensive account of the extraordinary growth in wind and solar energy; the trajectory of the transition from fossil fuels to renewables; and the implications for industries, countries, and the climate. -- Ian Angus * Green Left Weekly *There’s a lot of talk about renewable energy these days. But few really understand it—the basic science, the limits, and the great promise it holds. Read Bruce Usher’s Renewable Energy: A Primer for the Twenty-First Century to better understand the great technological and economic revolution of this century. -- Michael E. Mann, Distinguished Professor of Atmospheric Science, Penn State University, and coauthor of The Madhouse Effect: How Climate Change Denial is Threatening Our Planet, Destroying Our Politics, and Driving Us CrazyPolicy makers, utilities, investors, and incumbent industries would be well served to read Bruce Usher’s Renewable Energy. Buttressed by history and fact, Usher makes the compelling case that the transition to renewable energy is underway. Government policy can slow or accelerate the transition but transition is inexorable. There will be lots of winners on the transition, but woe to the losers. -- Richard L. Kauffman, Chairman of Energy and Finance for New YorkBruce Usher brings the important and under-explained rise of renewable energy out of his business school classroom to a captivating read for business and policy audiences. Part history, part forecasting, this important book sets out the winners and losers—individuals, businesses, and nations—in the dynamic energy transition underway. -- Glenn Hubbard, Dean and Russell L. Carson Professor of Finance and Economics, Columbia Business School, and former chairman of the U.S. Council of Economic Advisers.Usher explains in clear and intelligible language the primary technical and economic characteristics of renewable energy. The book documents the rapid rise of renewables within the history of modern energy, providing a thoughtful and balanced point of view that makes this book stand out from more advocacy-focused works. -- Charles Donovan, director of the Centre for Climate Science and Investment, Imperial College Business SchoolClimate change is arguably the greatest challenge of our times and the move towards renewable energy provides part of the solution. This easily readable book provides a straightforward account of the issues and opportunities of this great transition, framed in the context of historical precedents, economic and environmental drivers, and future horizons. Usher explains the financial factors and focuses on intermittency of wind and solar power as the greatest barrier, but one for which there may be exciting and innovative solutions. -- Alex Halliday, Director of the Earth Institute, Columbia UniversityUsher provides a clear and well documented description of the energy transition accessible both to the lay person but also of interest to energy professors and enthusiasts alike. This book ties together the convergence of low cost solar and wind with energy storage with electric vehicles in a clear and concise manner. -- David Kirkpatrick, managing director and cofounder, SJF VenturesTable of ContentsPreface: Setting the Record Straight1. Renewable Energy in the Twenty-First Century2. Energy Transitions: Fire to Electricity3. The Rise of Renewables4. Renewable Wind Energy5. Renewable Solar Energy6. Financing Renewable Energy7. Energy Transitions: Oats to Oil8. The Rise of Electric Vehicles9. Parity10. Convergence11. Consequences12. No Time to LoseAppendix A. Levelized Cost of Electricity (LCOE)Appendix B. The Transition to Renewable EnergyGlossaryNotesIndex

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Book SynopsisOil Leaders offers an unprecedented glimpse into the strategic thinking of top figures in the energy world from the 1980s through the recent past. Ibrahim AlMuhanna—a close adviser to four different Saudi oil ministers over that span of time—examines the role of individual and collective decision making in shaping market movements.Trade ReviewThe geopolitics of energy is like a global chess match—each move reverberates around the world. No one can tell the inside story of Saudi Arabia, the world’s number one oil exporter, and the power plays and intrigue within OPEC like Ibrahim AlMuhanna. -- John Defterios, former emerging markets editor, anchor, and correspondent, CNNThis book offers unique insight into the thinking of key decision makers and sheds light on events that continue to shape the oil market to this day. It is indispensable for anyone interested in a deeper understanding of the intricate world of energy policy decision making. -- Bassam Fattouh, director of the Oxford Institute for Energy StudiesA fascinating account of the people who shaped the oil market over the past forty years. An adviser to every Saudi oil minister over that time, AlMuhanna was literally ‘in the room’ to observe many of these leaders, how they made decisions, and the impact of their choices. A must-read for students of energy, geopolitics, and decision making. -- Mark Finley, Rice University’s Baker Institute for Public PolicyIn this book, Ibrahim AlMuhanna reveals for the first time the inner workings of the most important oil supplier in the world, Saudi Arabia. The stories are fascinating, the relationships are complex, and the revelations are stunning. A must-read for anyone in the energy and financial community! -- Gary Ross, chief executive officer of Black Gold Investors LLC and founder of PIRA Energy GroupIbrahim AlMuhanna has had a front-row seat at the center of international oil diplomacy for more than three decades, and he brings his observations and perspectives from those many years of change together in Oil Leaders. -- Daniel Yergin, author of The New Map, The Prize, and The QuestOil Leaders provides useful insights into how Riyadh communicates with the market, suggestingthat the kingdom will continue to wield its reserves as both an economic and a political weapon in theyears to come. -- Javier Blas * Bloomberg *[AlMuhanna's] revelations of governance and diplomacy are gold dust...such books are all too rare. -- Jim Krane * Financial Times *Offers a rare view inside the Saudi government, providing insight into the forces behind Saudi policy. * H-Environment *AlMuhanna provides recollections of meetings and stories of how negotiations developed, that readers would otherwise not have access to, as they would neither be recorded nor available in archives. * International Affairs *Oil Leaders reveals the agency of individuals. Too often the perception is that impersonal market forces determine everything, but political leaders do matter and the decisions they make do have an impact. * Survival *Recommended for students and researchers in political science, international relations, and Global Affairs, and economists and business personnel in oil production and marketing. * Arab Studies Quarterly *Table of ContentsForeword, by Robert McNallyPrefaceAcknowledgmentsIntroduction: Decisions, Decision Makers, and Oil1. Ahmed Zaki Yamani: Good Start, Difficult Ending2. Hisham Nazer: Shifting Interests and Looking Nationally3. Saddam Hussein and Sheikh Ali al-Sabah: Invasion of a Nation4. Luis Giusti, the Jakarta Agreement, and Its Aftermath5. Prince Saud al-Faisal: An Interim Energy Leader6. Hugo Chavez: The Rise of a Man and the Decline of a Nation7. King Abdullah, George W. Bush, and Gordon Brown: The Shadows of 20088. Barack Obama, Donald Trump, and Joe Biden: A Revolving U.S. Energy Policy9. Ali Al-Naimi: The Road to Doha10. Vladimir Putin: Placing Russia on the Global Oil Map11. Crown Prince Mohammed bin Salman and Prince Abdulaziz bin Salman: The Forty-Five Day Oil ShockConclusion: Thoughts About the FutureNotesIndex

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Book SynopsisDambisa Moyo is the critically acclaimed author of How The West Was Lost and Dead Aid. She was chosen as one of Time Magazine's 100 Most Influential People in the World in 2009. She holds a PhD in Economics from Oxford University and a Masters from Harvard University Kennedy School of Government, and has worked at the World Bank and Goldman Sachs. She was born and raised in Lusaka, Zambia.Trade ReviewIf Moyo's calculations are correct, we are in big trouble - which makes the central premise of her book all the more arresting...It's not hard to see why Moyo is such a hit as a public intellectual -- Decca Aitkenhead * Guardian *Written to clarify important global questions, this book deserves a wide audience * Kirkus Reviews *With Winner Take All, Dambisa Moyo offers a timely and provocative answer to two crucial questions: How are China's leaders rushing to meet their country's exploding demand for energy, and what does this mean for the rest of us? It's a recipe for conflict-and at a crucial moment for the future of the global economy -- Ian Bremmer, president of Eurasia Group and author of 'The End of the Free Market'For anyone longing to make sense of tectonic, eco-political shifts occurring in the commodities market, Winner Takes All is a fascinating and important book. By focusing her razor-sharp mind on China's central role in the new commodities rush, Moyo sheds light on and makes sense of a profound and dramatic moment in our history. Her book is a must-read -- Peter Munk, Chairman and Founder, Barrick Gold Corporation[Praise for How The West Was Lost] Moyo is a very serious lady indeed -- Dominic Lawson * The Times *Moyo's diagnosis of the recent disasters in financial markets is succinct and sophisticated...I applaud her brave alarum -- Paul Collier * The Observer *

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Book SynopsisTrade ReviewVery informative and eye-opening in many ways -- Ha-Joon Chang, author of 23 Things They Don't Tell You About CapitalismIt is reassuring to read an author so impervious to rhetorical fashion and so eager to champion uncertainty . . . Smil's book is at its essence a plea for agnosticism, and, believe it or not, humility - the rarest earth metal of all. His most valuable declarations concern the impossibility of acting with perfect foresight. Living with uncertainty, after all, "remains the essence of the human condition." Even under the most optimistic scenario, the future will not resemble the past -- Nathaniel Rich * New York Times *A grumpy, pugnacious account that, I would argue, is intellectually indispensable in the run up to this year's COP27 climate conference in Egypt. In short, How the World Really Works fully delivers on the promise of its title. It is hard to formulate any higher praise -- Simon Ings * New Scientist *You can agree or disagree with Smil - accept or doubt his 'just the facts' posture-but you probably shouldn't ignore him . . . In Smil's provocative but perceptive view, unrealistic notions about carbon reduction are partly, and ironically, attributable to the very productivity that societies achieved by substituting machine work, powered by fossil fuels, for draft animals and human laborers * Washington Post *This accessible and witty book cuts to the chase of what we need to know -- Caroline Sanderson * The Bookseller, 'Editor's Choice' *If you are anxious about the future, and infuriated that we aren't doing enough about it, please read this book -- Paul Collier, author of The Future of Capitalism"I am neither a pessimist nor an optimist; I am a scientist," Smil writes in the introduction, with typically Smilian swagger. In fact, he is more of a numberist, a polymath with a gift for rigorously crushing complex data into pleasing morsels of information -- Pilita Clark * Financial Times *Smil's meticulously researched words are for anyone who wants his priors reexamined and feathers ruffled -- Joakin Book * AIER *Ambitious and eye-opening . . . provides valuable insight as opposed to the agenda-pushing rhetoric commonly found in mainstream scientific literature. Data-rich, informative and eye-opening, How the World Really Works is a captivating read -- Lily Pagano * Reaction *A compelling, fascinating, and most important, realistic portrait of the world and where it's going -- Steven Pinker, on Numbers Don’t LieCanadian polymath Vaclav Smil taught at the University of Manitoba for half a century. In this brilliant book, he does the hard work of crunching complicated data to present a clear and surprising picture of how our world - especially our physical world - really does work -- Chrystia Freeland, Deputy prime minister and minister of finance, Canada * Bloomberg, 'Best Books of 2022' *This is a compelling read. It uses science and practical examples to clearly illustrate the kinds of resources we are consuming on this planet today - and the quantities, too. It lays bare how demanding the changes will be in our daily lives if the green transition in energy away from fossil fuels is to be achieved. It also makes clear how far humanity is lagging behind the Paris Agreement's goal of limiting the global temperature rise to 1.5 degrees Celsius. Getting China and India fully on board with this is absolutely critical if climate warming is to be even moderately tamed -- Olli Rehn, Governor, Bank of Finland, and governing council member, European Central Bank * Bloomberg, 'Best Books of 2022' *

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Book SynopsisTrade ReviewPower Struggles is a thoughtful and exciting book. * American Ethnologist *Power Struggles, Jaume Franquesa's detailed historiography of energy generation in southern Catalonia, offers valuable insight into why people might protest against wind turbines. * American Anthropologits *Table of ContentsAcknowledgementsWhere the World Ends1. Dependence and Autonomy2. Nuclear Transaction3. Nuclear Peasants4. Southern Revolt5. Wind Bubble6. Accessing Wind7. Waste and DignityBibliographyIndex

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Book SynopsisTrade ReviewPower Struggles is a thoughtful and exciting book. * American Ethnologist *Power Struggles, Jaume Franquesa's detailed historiography of energy generation in southern Catalonia, offers valuable insight into why people might protest against wind turbines. * American Anthropologits *Table of ContentsAcknowledgementsWhere the World Ends1. Dependence and Autonomy2. Nuclear Transaction3. Nuclear Peasants4. Southern Revolt5. Wind Bubble6. Accessing Wind7. Waste and DignityBibliographyIndex

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Book SynopsisA comprehensive, coherent strategy for modernizing America's electricity infrastructure while ensuring affordable, reliable, secure, and environmentally sustainable electricity services.America's aging electricity infrastructure is deteriorating rapidly even as the need for highly reliable electric service—driven by the explosion of digital technology—continues to rise. Largely missing from national discussions, however, is a coherent, comprehensive national strategy for modernizing this critical infrastructure. Energy expert Mason Willrich presents just such a strategy in this book, connecting the dots across electric utilities, independent suppliers, government bureaucracies, political jurisdictions, and academic disciplines. He explains the need for a coherent approach, offers a framework for analyzing policy options, and proposes a step-by-step strategy for modernizing electrical infrastructure, end-to-end, in a way that ensures the delivery of affordable, rel

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Book SynopsisHow solar could spark a clean-energy transition through transformative innovation—creative financing, revolutionary technologies, and flexible energy systems.Solar energy, once a niche application for a limited market, has become the cheapest and fastest-growing power source on earth. What's more, its potential is nearly limitless—every hour the sun beams down more energy than the world uses in a year. But in Taming the Sun, energy expert Varun Sivaram warns that the world is not yet equipped to harness erratic sunshine to meet most of its energy needs. And if solar's current surge peters out, prospects for replacing fossil fuels and averting catastrophic climate change will dim.Innovation can brighten those prospects, Sivaram explains, drawing on firsthand experience and original research spanning science, business, and government. Financial innovation is already enticing deep-pocketed investors to fund solar projects around the world, from t

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Book SynopsisA biography of Marion King Hubbert, one of the twentieth century's most influential energy experts, who was dubbed the father of peak oil.Trade Review"... well written, deeply researched and rich in anecdote – Hubbert’s character and his intellectual achievements sing out." -- New Scientist

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Book SynopsisExplores the creation and history of fossil fuels, their impact on the environment, and how they have become critical to our society. This title shows how adopting sustainable biofuels will be key to the future of energy stability and discuss a renewable energy options and biofuel feedstocks that are replacements for petroleum-based products.Table of ContentsACKNOWLEDGMENTS PREFACE 1 OVERVIEW OF ENERGY USAGE IN THE UNITED STATES AND THE WORLD 2 WHY FOSSIL FUELS ENERGIZE OUR SOCIETY 3 THE IMPACT OF ENERGY USAGE ON CLIMATE 4 METHODS FOR REDUCING OUR FOSSIL FUEL USAGE: RENEWABLE ENERGY SOURCES AND USES 5 LINKING FOOD AND FUEL: THE IMPACT OF INDUSTRIAL AGRICULTURE 6 THE PAST AND PRESENT OF BIOETHANOL: CORN, SUGARCANE, AND CELLULOSICS 7 BIOFUELS FROM FATS AND OILS: BIODIESEL 8 GASEOUS BIOFUELS: BIOGAS AND BIOHYDROGEN 9 AQUATIC VERSATILITY FOR BIOFUELS: CYANOBACTERIA, DIATOMS, AND ALGAE 10 BIOCHEMISTRY AND BIOTECHNOLOGY FOR BIOFUELS DEVELOPMENT 11 THERMOCHEMICAL CONVERSION TECHNOLOGIES 12 ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS OF BIOFUELS: WATER, LAND, AND NUTRIENTS BIOFUELS AND THE ENVIRONMENT 13 LIFE CYCLE ASSESSMENTS FOR EVALUATING BIOFUELS PRODUCTION 14 ECONOMICS AND POLITICS OF BIOFUELS 15 OUR ENERGY FUTURE: THE PROSPECTS FOR DEVELOPING AND USING SUSTAINABLE BIOFUELS VOCABULARY REFERENCES INDEX

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Book SynopsisA pharmacologist and a veterinarian pull back the curtain on the human and animal health effects of hydraulic fracturing, or “fracking”  Across the country, fracking—the extraction of natural gas by hydraulic fracturing—is being touted as the nation’s answer to energy independence and a fix for a flagging economy. Drilling companies assure us that the process is safe, politicians push through drilling legislation without a serious public-health debate, and those who speak out are marginalized, their silence purchased by gas companies and their warnings about the dangers of fracking stifled.   The Real Cost of Fracking pulls back the curtain on how this toxic process endangers the environment and harms people, pets, and livestock. Michelle Bamberger, a veterinarian, and Robert Oswald, a pharmacologist, combine their expertise to show how contamination at drilling sites translates into ill health and heartbreak

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Book SynopsisThe nexus between water and energy raises a set of public policy questions that go far beyond water and energy. Economic vitality and management of scarce and precious resources are at stake. This book contributes to the body of knowledge and understanding regarding water, energy, and the links between the two in the American West and beyond.Trade Review... the book should prove to be a helpful reference for those evaluating the energy implications of water supply alternatives in the western USA ad beyond. - --Water Desalination ReportTable of ContentsContents: Preface PART I: INTRODUCTION AND OVERVIEW 1. The Water–Energy Nexus: Methodologies, Challenges and Opportunities Robert Wilkinson 2. Energy, Water and the Natural Environment Melinda Kassen and Jack E. Williams PART IIa: WATER FOR ENERGY Fossil Fuels 3. The Coal Conundrum Kristen Averyt 4. Oil Shale and Water Bart Miller 5. Managing Produced Water from Coalbed Methane Production Lawrence J. MacDonnell and Katherine L. Guerra PART IIb: WATER FOR ENERGY Water-Intensive Renewables 6. Concentrated Thermal Solar Power and the Value of Water for Electricity Cynthia L. Schwartz 7. The New Generation of Biofuels Ronald C. Pate PART IIIc: ENERGY FOR WATER Big Projects 8. Water–Energy Interdependencies and the Central Arizona Project Susanna Eden, Christopher A. Scott, Melissa L. Lamberton and Sharon B. Megdal 9. Energy-Intensive Water Supplies Stacy Tellinghuisen 10. The Energy Implications of Desalination Heather Cooley PART IIIb: ENERGY FOR WATER Select State Case Studies 11. Energy Requirements for Water Supply in Utah Sarah G. Larsen and Steven J. Burian 12. The Vital Role of Electrical Energy for Arizona Water Services Joseph H. Hoover PART IV: SOLUTIONS: EXAMPLES OF WAYS FORWARD 13. Adaptive Management as a Tool for Negotiating the Water–Energy Nexus Melinda Harm Benson 14. Decision-Support for the Water–Energy Nexus: Examining Decision-making in the American West Steve A. Conrad 15. Integrated Planning: Transmission, Generation and Water in the Western States Tom Iseman and Alex Schroeder 16. The Water Bargain of Solar and Wind Energy Martin J. Pasqualetti 17. Water–Energy Integration in California Frances Spivy-Weber Index

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Book SynopsisIn the age of global climate change, society will require cities that are environmentally self-sufficient, able to withstand various environmental problems and recover quickly. It is interesting to note that many smart solutions for cities are leading to an unsustainable future, including further electrification, an increased dependence on the Internet, Internet of Things, Big Data, and Artificial Intelligence, and basically any technology that leads us to consume more electricity. This book examines critical topics in Smart Cities such as true sustainability and the resilience required for all cities. It explores sustainability issues in agriculture and the role of agri-technology for a sustainable future, including a city's ability to locally produce food for its residents. Features: Discusses safety, security, data management, and privacy issues in Smart Cities Examines the various emerging forms of transportation infrastructure and new vehiTable of ContentsPart I: Smart Urban Development, Sustainability and Resilience. Chapter 1. Sustainable Urbanization: Why We Have to Change: Toward Justice and Lifestyles That Respect the Planet and Its Inhabitants. Chapter 2. The Interaction Between Resilience and Intelligence of Cities. Part II: Food Security and Smart Urban Agriculture. Chapter 3. Nurturing Clever Cities: The Intersection Between Urban Agriculture and Smart Technologies. Chapter 4. Sustainable Food: The Role of Digital Agritechnology. Part III: Smart City, Built Environment and Data Privacy. Chapter 5. Is This Architecture Sustainable? Operational Energy Efficiency and The Pursuit of Behavioral Change Through Building Operation. Chapter 6. Alphabet is Here to ‘Fix’ Toronto: Algorithmic Governance in Sidewalk Labs’ Smart City. Chapter 7. Future Transport and Logistics in Smart Cities: Safety and Privacy.

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Book SynopsisThis book provides detailed yet easily understandable information about sustainable energy alternatives in the context of growing public concern about climate change, the impending fuel crisis and environmental degradation. It describes the factors that have led to the current interest in energy alternatives and assesses the chance of renewable energy replacing fossil fuels in the future.Trade Review'This sober and thorough introduction to energy use and sustainable options should be accessible to a wide selection of readers from high-school kids and non-science college students to political decision-makers. It is clearly divided into one part discussing the status of each energy solution and another describing environmental and social concerns, reflecting opinions from a select range of literature quotes.' Bent Sørensen, Roskilde University, Denmark'This is a beautifully written and illustrated, even-handed overview of renewable energy, looking at the problems as well as the potential, in a very accessible way. Ideal as an introduction, but also with sufficient detail and references to aid more advanced study. The coverage is exemplary, and is not limited to just the technical issues: they are put in a wider social, environmental and economic context, providing an excellent guide to the choices ahead.' David Elliot, The Open University, Milton Keynes'This primer on renewable energy, aimed at a non-technical audience, clearly illustrates the opportunities and challenges inherent in replacing fossil fuels with renewable energy sources. The book should appeal to a wide range of readers who want to know more about how they may be able to influence the difficult transition to a low-carbon energy future.' Robert L. Evans, University of British Columbia, VancouverTable of Contents1. What is energy?; 2. Where does energy come from?; 3. How much energy is enough?; 4. How energy is produced; 5. Challenging times: the politics and economics of energy; 6. The price of energy consumption; 7. Energy from my backyard.

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Book SynopsisDoes the Earth contain enough oil to provide energy for the human race indefinitely? If not, how long will the oil last? What about renewable energy technologies like wind and solar? Will they be able to supply an indefinite supply of energy for the human race? If not, how long will it last? And what role does overpopulation play in our world''s energy supply? Even with multiple forms of energy available, how long will it last as long as more and more humans, and therefore more industries and energy consumption, are added? Taking a long-held theory called Peak Oil Theory the authors of this groundbreaking new text examine the theory of Peak Energy to examine all of these questions. Crude oil and natural gas are the major sources of fuel used to supply energy for various needs. Users of crude oil and natural gas must take into account that these energy sources are, without doubt, non-renewable depleting resources, and the cost of extraction depends not only on the current rateTable of ContentsPreface xi About the Authors xiii 1 History and Terminology of Energy Sources 1 1.1 Introduction 1 1.2 Fossil Fuel Resources 10 1.2.1 Petroleum 11 1.2.2 High-Acid Crude Oils and Opportunity Crudes 14 1.2.3 Oil from Tight Formations and from Shale Formations 16 1.2.4 Natural Gas 17 1.2.5 Heavy Oil 19 1.2.6 Tar Sand Bitumen 20 1.2.7 Coal 23 1.2.7.1 Lignite 24 1.2.7.2 Subbituminous Coal 25 1.2.7.3 Bituminous Coal 25 1.2.7.4 Anthracite 27 1.2.8 Oil Shale 27 1.2.9 Gas Hydrates 30 1.3 Non-Fossil Fuel Resources 32 1.3.1 Biomass 32 1.3.2 Wind Energy 37 1.3.3 Solar Energy 37 1.3.4 Geothermal Energy 38 1.3.5 Ocean Energy 39 1.3.6 Nuclear Energy 40 1.3.7 Hydrogen Energy 41 1.3.8 Hydropower 42 References 43 2 Energy Sources and Supply 49 2.1 Introduction 49 2.2 Fossil Fuel Sources 56 2.2.1 Petroleum, Heavy Oil, and Tar Sand Bitumen 57 2.2.2 Natural Gas 65 2.2.3 Coal 67 2.3 Oil Shale 68 2.4 Gas Hydrates 71 2.5 Non-Fossil Fuel Energy Sources 72 2.5.1 Biomass 73 2.5.2 The Wind 75 2.5.3 The Sun 75 2.5.4 Geothermal Sources 76 2.5.5 The Tides 76 2.6 Nuclear Energy 77 2.7 Hydrogen Energy 77 2.8 Energy Supply 78 2.8.1 Physical Factors 78 2.8.2 Technological Factors 80 2.9 Economic and Geopolitical Factors 82 2.10 Peak Oil 83 2.10.1 Peak Oil Theory 83 2.10.2 Effects and Consequences 87 2.11 Energy Independence 87 2.12 Energy Security 92 References 96 3 Future Energy from Fossil Fuels 103 3.1 Introduction 103 3.2 The Role of Enhanced Oil and Gas Recovery 106 3.3 Heavy Oil, Extra Heavy Oil, and Tar Sand Bitumen 123 3.4 Natural Gas and Gas Hydrates 125 3.5 Tight Oil and Gas 127 3.5.1 Tight Oil 128 3.5.2 Tight Gas 129 3.6 Undiscovered Oil 129 3.7 Oil Shale 132 3.8 Synthetic Fuels 133 3.9 The Future Refinery 135 3.9.1 The Refinery and Peak Oil Theory 137 3.9.2 Refinery Configurations 138 3.9.2.1 Petroleum Refinery 138 3.9.2.2 BioRefinery 141 3.9.2.3 Coal Liquids Refinery 143 3.9.2.4 Shale Oil Refinery 144 3.9.2.5 Gasification Refinery 146 3.9.3 The Integrated Refinery 147 References 151 4 Future Energy from Unconventional Sources 157 4.1 Introduction 157 4.2 Unconventional Oil and Gas 159 4.3 Tar Sand Bitumen 162 4.3.1 Mining and Bitumen Conversion 164 4.3.2 Other Processes Related to Mining 167 4.3.3 Non-Mining Methods 169 4.3.3.1 Steam-Based Processes 170 4.3.3.2 Combustion Processes 171 4.3.3.3 Other Processes 172 4.4 Coal 173 4.4.1 Coal Liquefaction 174 4.4.2 Gasification 175 4.4.3 Gaseous Fuels from Coal 178 4.4.3.1 Low Heat-Content (Low-Btu) Gas 178 4.4.3.2 Medium Heat-Content (Medium-Btu) Gas 179 4.4.3.3 High Heat-Content (High-Btu) Gas 180 4.4.4 Liquid Fuels 180 4.4.5 Solid Fuels 181 4.5 Oil Shale 182 4.5.1 Production of Shale Oil 184 4.5.2 Refining Shale Oil 185 4.6 Gas Hydrates 188 4.7 Synthetic Fuels 192 4.8 Other Energy Sources 196 4.8.1 Geothermal Energy 197 4.8.2 Hydrogen Energy 199 4.8.3 Nuclear Energy 201 4.8.4 Wind Energy 203 References 205 5 Future Energy from Biomass 209 5.1 Introduction 209 5.2 Biomass Feedstocks 212 5.2.1 Energy from Crops 215 5.2.2 Energy from Wood 216 5.2.3 Energy from Waste 217 5.3 The Chemistry of Biomass 217 5.4 A BioRefinery 218 5.5 Biofuels 220 5.5.1 Ethanol 220 5.5.2 Biodiesel 221 5.5.3 Bio-oil 222 5.5.4 Biofuels from Synthesis Gas 223 5.6 Biofuels: A Replacement for Petroleum and Natural Gas 226 5.6.1 Gaseous Fuels 226 5.6.1.1 Fermentation 227 5.6.1.2 Gasification 227 5.6.1.3 Biophotolysis 228 5.6.2 Liquid Fuels 229 5.6.3 Solid Fuels 230 5.7 Processes 231 References 232 6 Peak Energy 237 6.1 Introduction 237 6.2 History of the Peak Oil Theory 240 6.2.1 Relation to Population and Lifestyle 241 6.2.2 Evidence in Favor of the Peak Oil Theory 245 6.2.3 Social Theories and the Peak Oil Theory 249 6.3 Petroleum in the Big Picture 250 6.4 World Petroleum Reserves 252 6.5 Unconventional Oil and Gas 259 6.5.1 Petroleum and Natural Gas 260 6.5.2 Shale Gas 262 6.5.3 Coalbed Methane 263 6.5.4 Tight Gas Reserves 264 References 267 7 The Reality of the Peak Oil Theory 271 7.1 Introduction 271 7.2 The Petroleum Industry 272 7.2.1 Background 272 7.2.2 Jevons Paradox 275 7.2.3 Equity Shoulder Debt 286 7.2.4 The Finite-Infinite Conundrum 288 7.2.5 Renewable and Non-Renewable: Energy without Boundaries 288 7.3 Scientific Characterization of Energy Resources 292 7.3.1 Solar Energy 294 7.3.2 Hydropower 297 7.3.3 Ocean Thermal, Wave, and Tidal Energy 298 7.3.4 Bioenergy 299 7.3.4.1 Fuelwood 300 7.3.4.2 Bioethanol 302 7.3.4.3 Biodiesel 303 7.3.5 Nuclear Power 304 7.3.6 Geothermal Energy 307 7.3.7 Hydrogen Energy 308 7.4 Conclusions 310 References 310 8 Global Climate Change 315 8.1 Introduction 315 8.2 Interglacial Periods 320 8.3 The Role of Human Activity 322 8.4 Climate Change 324 8.5 Conclusions 325 References 327 9 Energy Sustainability 331 9.1 Introduction 331 9.2 Sustainable Energy 333 9.3 Real Reserve Potential 336 9.4 Biomass Sustainability 341 9.5 Conclusions 343 References 344 Common Conversion Factors 345 Glossary 349 Index 371

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Book SynopsisINTEGRATED GREEN ENERGY SOLUTIONS This first volume in a two-volume set presents the state of the art for the concepts, practical applications, and future of renewable energy and how to move closer to true sustainability. Renewable energy supplies are of ever-increasing environmental and economic importance in every country worldwide. A wide range of renewable energy technologies has been established commercially and recognized as an important set of growth industries for most governments. World agencies, including the United Nations, have extensive programs to encourage these emerging technologies. This book will bridge the gap between descriptive reviews and specialized engineering technologies. It centers on demonstrating how fundamental physical processes govern renewable energy resources and their applications. Although the applications are updated continually, the fundamental principles remain the same, and this book will provide a useful platform for those advancing the subject Table of ContentsPreface xvii 1 Green Economy and the Future in a Post-Pandemic World 1 Luke Gerard Christie and Deepa Cherian 1.1 Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change 2 1.2 The Need to Question How we Do Business and the Evolution of Green Policies 3 1.3 The Shift from Fossil Fuels to Nuclear Energy for a Cleaner, Sustainable Environment 4 1.4 Significance of Emergent Technologies in the Reduction of Global Warming and Climate Change 6 Conclusion 8 Bibliography 9 2 Home Automation System Using Internet of Things for Real-Time Power Analysis and Control of Devices 11 Richik Ray, Rishita Shanker, V. Anantha Krishnan, O.V. Gnana Swathika and C. Vaithilingam 2.1 Introduction 12 2.2 Methodology 14 2.3 Design Specifications 15 2.3.1 Components Required 15 2.3.2 Circuit Diagram and Working 18 2.3.3 Blynk GUI (Graphical User Interface) for Smartphone 19 2.3.4 PCB (Printed Circuit Board) Design 20 2.4 Results and Discussion 20 2.4.1 Prototype Design Completion 20 2.4.2 Testing and Observations 22 2.4.3 Future Prospects 23 2.5 Conclusion 24 References 25 3 Energy Generation from Secondary Li-Ion Batteries to Economical Na-Ion Batteries 27 R. Rajapriya and Milind Shrinivas Dangate 3.1 Introduction 28 3.2 Li-Ion Battery 29 3.3 Sodium-Ion Batteries 33 3.4 Conclusion 40 References 41 4 Hydrogen as a Fuel Cell 45 R. Rajapriya and Milind Shrinivas Dangate 4.1 Introduction 45 4.2 Operating Principle 48 4.2.1 Types of Fuel Cells 49 4.3 Why Hydrogen as a Fuel Cell? 50 4.3.1 Electrolyte 52 4.3.2 Catalyst Layer (At the Cathode & Anode) 52 4.3.3 Bipolar Plate (Cathode & Anode) 52 4.4 Hydrogen as an Energy-Vector in a Long-Term Fuel Cell 53 4.5 Application 55 4.6 Conclusion 56 References 57 5 IoT and Machine Learning–Based Energy-Efficient Smart Buildings 61 Aaron Biju, Gautum Subhash V.P., Menon Adarsh Sivadas, Thejus R. Krishnan, Abhijith R. Nair, Anantha Krishnan V. and O.V. Gnana Swathika 5.1 Introduction 61 5.2 Methodology 63 5.3 Design Specifications 65 5.3.1 NodeMCU 65 5.3.2 Relay 65 5.3.3 Firebase 66 5.3.4 Raspberry Pi 66 5.3.5 Camera 66 5.4 Results 66 5.5 Conclusion 69 References 69 6 IOT-Based Smart Metering 71 Parth Bhargav, Umar Ansari, Fahad Nishat and O.V. Gnana Swathika Abbreviations and Nomenclature 72 6.1 Introduction 72 6.1.1 Motivation 72 6.1.2 Objectives 73 6.2 Methodology 73 6.2.1 Advent of Smart Meter 73 6.2.2 Modules 77 6.2.3 Energy Meter 77 6.2.4 Wi-Fi Module 78 6.2.5 Arduino UNO 78 6.2.6 Back End 78 6.3 Design of IOT-Based Smart Meter 81 6.3.1 Energy Meter 81 6.3.2 Arduino UNO 82 6.3.3 Wi-Fi Module 83 6.3.4 Calculations 84 6.3.5 Units 84 6.4 Results and Discussion 84 6.4.1 Working 84 6.4.2 Readings Captured in the Excel Sheet 85 6.4.3 Predication Using Statistical Analytics 86 6.4.4 Quantitative Analytics 86 6.4.5 Predication of Missing Data 87 6.4.6 Hardware Output 87 6.5 Conclusion 88 References 89 7 IoT-Based Home Automation and Power Consumption Analysis 93 K. Trinath Raja, Challa Ravi Teja, K. Madhu Priya and Berlin Hency V. 7.1 Introduction 94 7.2 Literature Review 94 7.3 IoT (Internet of Things) 96 7.4 Architecture 96 7.5 Software 97 7.5.1 IFTTT 97 7.5.2 ThingSpeak 97 7.5.3 Google Assistant 98 7.6 Hardware 98 7.6.1 DHT Sensor 98 7.6.2 Motor 98 7.6.3 NodeMCU 99 7.6.4 Gas Sensor 99 7.7 Implementation, Testing and Results 99 7.8 Conclusion 102 References 103 8 Advanced Technologies in Integrated Energy Systems 105 Maheedhar and Deepa T. 8.1 Introduction 106 8.2 Combined Heat and Power 107 8.2.1 Stirling Engines 107 8.2.2 Turbines 108 8.2.3 Fuel Cell 110 8.2.4 Chillers 112 8.2.5 PV/T System 113 8.3 Economic Aspects 114 8.4 Conclusion 115 References 116 9 A Study to Enhance the Alkaline Surfactant Polymer (ASP) Process Using Organic Base 119 M.J.A. Prince and Adhithiya Venkatachalapati Thulasiraman 9.1 Introduction 119 9.2 Materials and Methods 121 9.3 Similarity Study of NA in the Saline Water Containing Cations Having a Valency of 2 122 9.4 Results and Discussion 123 9.4.1 Alkalinity Contributed by NA for Intensifying the IFT Characteristics 123 9.4.2 Interfacial Tension Properties 124 9.4.3 The Similarity of NA + Polymer 124 9.4.4 Traits of Adsorption 125 9.4.5 Economics 125 9.4.6 Regular NA Injection Recommendation 125 9.5 Conclusions 126 References 126 10 Flexible Metamaterials for Energy Harvesting Applications 129 K.A. Karthigeyan, E. Manikandan, E. Papanasam and S. Radha 10.1 Introduction 130 10.2 Metamaterials 131 10.2.1 Energy Harvesting Using Metamaterials 132 10.2.2 Solar Energy Harvesting 132 10.2.2.1 Numerical Setup 133 10.2.3 Acoustic Energy Harvesting 135 10.2.4 RF Energy Harvesting 137 10.3 Summary and Challenges 138 References 138 11 Smart Robotic Arm 141 Rangit Ray, Koustav Das, Akash Adhikary, Akash Pandey, Ananthakrishnan V. and O.V. Gnana Swathika Abbreviations and Nomenclature 141 11.1 Introduction 142 11.1.1 Motivation 142 11.1.2 Objectives 143 11.1.3 Scope of the Work 143 11.1.4 Organization 143 11.2 Design of Robotic Arm with a Bot 144 11.2.1 Design Approach 144 11.2.1.1 Codes and Standards 144 11.2.1.2 Realistic Constraints 144 11.2.2 Design Specifications 149 11.3 Project Demonstration 152 11.3.1 Introduction 152 11.3.2 Analytical Results 153 11.3.3 Simulation Results 153 11.3.4 Hardware Results 154 11.4 Conclusion 155 11.4.1 Cost Analysis 155 11.4.2 Scope of Work 155 11.4.3 Summary 155 References 156 12 Energy Technologies and Pricing Policies: Case Study 157 Shanmugha S. and Milind Shrinivas Dangate 12.1 Introduction 157 12.2 Literature Review 159 12.3 Non-Linear Pricing 161 12.4 Agricultural Water Demand 162 12.5 Priced Inputs and Unpriced Resources 163 12.6 Proposed Set Up on Paper 164 12.7 Empirical Model 167 12.8 Identification Strategy 168 12.9 Data 170 12.10 Empirical Results 171 12.11 Counterfactual Simulation A 173 12.12 Counterfactual Simulation B 174 12.13 Counterfactual Simulation: Costs of Reduced Groundwater Demand 176 12.14 Conclusion 180 References 181 13 Energy Availability and Resource Management: Case Study 185 Shanmugha S. and Milind Shrinivas Dangate 13.1 Introduction 185 13.2 Literature Review 187 13.3 Study Area 189 13.3.1 Producer Survey 192 13.4 Empirical Model of Adoption 193 13.5 Material and Methods 196 13.6 Results 198 13.7 Conclusion 203 References 204 14 Energy-Efficient Dough Rolling Machine 207 Nerella Venkata Sai Charan, Abhishek Antony Mathew, Adnan Ahamad Syed, Nallavelli Preetham Reddy, Anantha Krishnan V. and O.V. Gnana Swathika 14.1 Introduction 208 14.2 Methodology 208 14.3 Specifications 210 14.3.1 Motor 210 14.3.2 Switch Mode Power Supply (SMPS) 210 14.3.3 Speed Reduction 211 14.3.4 Coupler 212 14.3.5 Main Base Structure 212 14.3.6 Rotating Platform and Rollers 212 14.3.7 Rotating Platform 213 14.3.8 Rollers 213 14.4 Result and Discussion 215 14.5 Conclusion 215 References 215 15 Peak Load Management System Using Node-Red Software Considering Peak Load Analysis 217 Mohit Sharan, Prantika Das, Harsh Gupta, S. Angalaeswari, T. Deepa, P. Balamurugan and D. Subbulekshmi 15.1 Introduction 218 15.2 Methodology 219 15.2.1 Peak Demand and Load Profile 219 15.2.2 Need of Peak Load Management (PLM) 220 15.2.3 Data Analysis 220 15.2.4 Need to Flatten the Load Curve 221 15.2.5 Current Observations 221 15.2.6 Equations 221 15.3 Model Specifications 221 15.4 Features of UI Interface 225 15.4.1 App Prototype 225 15.5 Conclusions 227 Bibliography 227 16 An Overview on the Energy Economics Associated with the Energy Industry 229 Adhithiya Venkatachalapati Thulasiraman and M.J.A. Prince 16.1 Time Value of Money 230 16.1.1 Present Value of an Asset 230 16.1.2 Future Value of an Investment 230 16.1.3 Rule of 72 231 16.2 Classification of Cost 232 16.2.1 Fixed Cost of an Asset (FCA) 232 16.2.2 Variable Cost of a Plant (VCP) 232 16.2.3 Total Cost of a Plant (TCP) 232 16.2.4 Break-Even Location (BEL) 232 16.3 Economic Specification 233 16.3.1 Return on Cost (ROC) 233 16.3.2 Payback Span 233 16.3.3 Net Present Worth 233 16.3.4 Discounted Money Flow (DMF) 234 16.3.5 Internal Charge of Returns (ICR) 234 16.4 Analysis 234 16.4.1 Incremental Analysis (IA) 234 16.4.1.1 Pertinent Cost (PC) 234 16.4.1.2 Non-Pertinent Cost (NPC) 235 16.4.2 Sensitivity Analysis (SA) 235 16.4.3 Replacement Analysis (RA) 237 16.5 Conclusion 239 Bibliography 240 17 IoT-Based Unified Child Monitoring and Security System 241 A.R. Mirunalini, Shwetha. S., R. Priyanka and Berlin Hency V. 17.1 Introduction 242 17.2 Literature Review 243 17.3 Proposed System 247 17.3.1 Block Diagram 247 17.3.2 Design Approach 249 17.3.3 Software Analysis 249 17.3.4 Hardware Analysis 252 17.3.4.1 Experimental Setup 253 17.4 Result and Analysis 256 17.5 Conclusion and Future Enhancement 259 17.5.1 Conclusion and Inference 259 17.5.2 Future Enhancement 260 References 260 18 IoT-Based Plant Health Monitoring System Using CNN and Image Processing 263 Anindita Banerjee, Ekta Lal and Berlin Hency V. 18.1 Introduction 264 18.2 Literature Survey 265 18.3 Data Analysis 268 18.3.1 Convolutional Neural Network 268 18.3.2 Phases of the Model 269 18.3.3 Proposed Architecture 269 18.4 Proposed Methodology 271 18.4.1 System Module and Structure 271 18.4.2 System Design and Methods 272 18.4.3 Plant Disease Detection and Classification 272 18.4.3.1 Dataset Used 272 18.4.3.2 Preprocessing and Labelling Methods 273 18.4.3.3 Procedure of Augmentation 273 18.4.3.4 Training Using CNN 273 18.4.3.5 Analysis 275 18.4.3.6 Final Polishing of Results 275 18.4.4 Hardware and Software Instruments 275 18.5 Results and Discussion 275 18.6 Conclusion 286 References 286 19 IoT-Based Self-Checkout Stores Using Face Mask Detection 291 Shreya M., R. Nandita, Seshan Rajaraman and Berlin Hency V. 19.1 Introduction 292 19.2 Literature Review 292 19.2.1 Self-Checkout Stores 292 19.2.2 Face Mask Detection 293 19.3 Convolution Neural Network 295 19.4 Architecture 298 19.5 Hardware Requirements 299 19.5.1 PIR Sensor 299 19.5.2 LCD 299 19.5.3 Arduino UNO 299 19.5.4 Piezo Sensor 299 19.5.5 Potentiometer 300 19.5.6 Led 300 19.5.7 Raspberry Pi 300 19.6 Software 300 19.6.1 Jupyter Notebook 300 19.6.2 TinkerCAD 300 19.7 Implementation 300 19.7.1 Building and Training the Model 301 19.7.2 Testing The Model 302 19.8 Results and Discussions 303 19.9 Conclusion 306 References 306 20 IoT-Based Color Fault Detection Using TCS 3200 in Textile Industry 309 T. Kalavathidevi, S. Umadevi, S. Ramesh, D. Renukadevi and S. Revathi 20.1 Introduction 310 20.2 Literature Survey 311 20.3 Methodology 313 20.3.1 Sensor 314 20.3.2 Microcontroller 315 20.3.3 NodeMCU and Wi-Fi Module 317 20.3.4 Servomotor 317 20.3.5 IoT-Based Data Monitoring 318 20.3.6 IR Sensor 318 20.3.7 Proximity Sensor 319 20.3.8 Blynk 319 20.4 Experimental Setup 321 20.5 Results and Discussion 322 20.6 Conclusion 324 References 324 21 Energy Management System for Smart Buildings 327 Shivangi Shukla, V. Jayashree Nivedhitha, Akshitha Shankar, P. Tejaswi and O.V. Gnana Swathika 21.1 Introduction 328 21.2 Literature Survey 328 21.3 Modules of the Project 331 21.3.1 Data Collection for Accurate Energy Prediction 331 21.3.2 ML Prediction 332 21.3.3 Web Server 332 21.3.4 Hardware Description and Implementation 332 21.4 Design of Smart Energy Management System 334 21.4.1 Design Approach 334 21.4.1.1 ML Algorithm 334 21.4.1.2 EMS Algorithm 334 21.4.2 Design Specifications 336 21.5 Result & Analysis 337 21.5.1 Introduction 337 21.5.2 ML Model Results 337 21.5.3 Web Page Results 337 21.5.4 Hardware Results 339 21.6 Conclusion 346 References 346 22 Mobile EV Charging Stations for Scalability of EV in the Indian Automobile Sector 349 Mohit Sharan, Ameesh K. Singh, Harsh Gupta, Apurv Malhotra, Muskan Karira, O.V. Gnana Swathika and Anantha Krishnan V. 22.1 Introduction 350 22.2 Methodology 350 22.2.1 Design Specifications 351 22.2.2 Block Diagrams 356 22.3 Result 357 22.4 Conclusions 358 Bibliography 358 About the Editors 361 Index 363

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Book SynopsisURBAN ENERGY SYSTEMS With climate change and energy issues infiltrating seemingly every aspect of our lives, it is more important than ever to continue the march toward sustainability. It is not just about switching to a gasoline-free car or installing solar panels. Many countries, including our own, are dealing with these very difficult problems by converting to smart cities and other green energy projects. This is perhaps one of the most important issues facing our world today. Urban energy systems play a critical role in the sustainability and resilience of smart cities. As cities continue to grow and face increasing energy demands, it becomes essential to develop efficient and sustainable energy solutions. Modelling and simulation techniques provide valuable insights into the design, operation, and optimization of urban energy systems, supporting the transition towards more sustainable and smart cities. This perspective highlights the importance of modelling and simulation in achieTable of ContentsPreface xi Acknowledgements xix List of Chapters and Affiliations xxiii 1 Emerging Trends of Urban Energy Systems and Management 1 Deepak Kumar 1.1 Introduction 2 1.2 Research Motivation 4 1.3 Stand-Alone and Minigrid-Connected Solar Energy Systems 6 1.4 Conclusion 12 References 13 2 Transitions in the Urban Energy Scenario and Approaches 19 Deepak Kumar 2.1 Introduction 20 2.2 Recent Transformation in Energy Sectors 22 2.3 Research Progressions 24 2.4 Breaking the Cycle 25 2.5 Conclusion 27 2.6 Future Implications 27 References 28 3 Urban Renewable Energy Resource Optimization Systems 31 Kalpit Jain and Devendra Kumar Somwanshi 3.1 Introduction 32 3.2 Literature Review 33 3.2.1 Long-Term Sustainable Solar Power Generation 33 3.2.1.1 Common Issues of Long-Term Sustainable Solar Power Generation 39 3.2.1.2 Strengths and Weakness Strength 40 3.3 Conclusion 43 References 44 4 Approaches for District-Scale Urban Energy Quantification and Rooftop Solar Photovoltaic Energy Potential Assessment 47 Faiz Ahmed Chundeli and Adinarayanane Ramamurthy 4.1 Introduction 48 4.2 District-Scale Urban Energy Modelling 49 4.2.1 “Bottom-Up” Modelling Approach – Archetype 49 4.2.2 The Renewable Energy Modelling Approach 50 4.2.3 Urban Microclimate 50 4.3 Evaluation of Energy Performance – The Case in Chennai 52 4.3.1 Profile of the Case Area 52 4.3.2 Data Model and Construction Techniques 53 4.3.3 Archetype Classification 53 4.3.4 Energy Quantification 55 4.3.5 Analysis of the Archetype Energy Quantification 57 4.3.6 Solar PV Potential Calculation 57 4.3.7 Analysis of Solar PV Potential 58 4.3.8 Scaling of Archetype Building Energy to District-Scale Urban Energy 58 4.3.9 Scaling of Archetype PV Potential to District-Scale PV Potential 59 4.4 Discussions and Conclusions 60 4.4.1 Discussion 60 4.5 Conclusions 61 References 62 5 Energy Consumption in Urban India: Usage and Ignorance 65 Rajnish Ratna and Vikas Chaudhary 5.1 Background 66 5.2 Introduction 67 5.3 Energy Outlook for India 68 5.4 Power Demand and Resources in India 71 5.5 Energy and Environment 73 5.6 Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) for Indian Electricity Sector 75 5.7 Results 78 5.8 Conclusions 78 References 79 6 Solar Energy from the Urban Areas: A New Direction Towards Indian Power Sector 81 Sonal Jain 6.1 Introduction 81 6.2 Renewable Energy Chain in India 83 6.3 Development of Solar Photovoltaic and Solar Thermal Plants 84 6.4 Solar Photovoltaic Market in India 85 6.5 Need for Solar Energy 86 6.6 Government Initiatives 86 6.7 Challenges for Solar Thermal Systems 87 6.8 Benefits of Solar PV 88 6.9 Causes of Delay in Solar PV Implementation and Ways to Quicken the Rate of Installation 89 6.10 Future Trends of Solar PV 90 6.11 Conclusion 90 References 91 Other Works Consulted 92 7 Energy Management Strategies of a Microgrid: Review, Challenges, Opportunities, Future Scope 93 Chiranjit Biswas, Somudeep Bhattacharjee, Uttara Das and Champa Nandi 7.1 Introduction 93 7.2 Methodology 95 7.2.1 Research Studies Selection Criteria 95 7.2.2 Section of Literature 95 7.2.3 Testing Criteria 95 7.2.4 Extraction of Data 96 7.2.5 Findings 96 7.3 Preliminary 97 7.3.1 Fuzzy Logic–Based Management Strategies 97 7.3.2 AI-Based Management Strategies 103 7.3.3 Other Management Strategies 106 7.4 Challenges of Energy Management in Microgrids 111 7.5 Opportunities 112 7.6 Future Research Direction 113 7.7 Conclusion 113 References 114 8 Urban Solid Waste Management for Energy Generation 119 Shikha Patel and Reshmi Manikoth Kollarath 8.1 Introduction 119 8.1.1 Background 119 8.1.2 Study Focus 121 8.2 Literature Review 122 8.3 Methodology 125 8.3.1 Formulating Research Background 125 8.3.2 Literature Review 126 8.3.3 Analysis 127 8.4 Case Study 127 8.4.1 Precedent Success 127 8.4.2 Precedent Failure 128 8.4.3 The Takeaway from Case Studies 130 8.5 Research Findings: Challenges of Waste-to-Energy Conversion 130 8.5.1 Environmental Challenges 131 8.5.2 Technological Challenges 132 8.5.3 Social Challenges 132 8.5.4 Economic Challenges 133 8.6 Recommendations 134 8.7 Conclusions and Discussion 135 Acknowledgements 136 References 136 9 Energy from Urban Waste: A Mysterious Opportunity for Energy Generation Potential 141 Shivangini Sharma and Ashutosh Tripathi 9.1 Introduction 142 9.2 Scenario of Solid Waste Management of Various Countries Around the World 143 9.3 Waste-to-Energy Processes 147 9.4 Challenges to Waste-to-Energy Generation 153 9.5 Conclusion 154 References 155 10 Sustainable Urban Planning and Sprawl Assessment Using Shannon’s Entropy Model for Energy Management 157 Pranaya Diwate, Priyanka Patil, Pranali Kathe and Varun Narayan Mishra 10.1 Introduction 158 10.2 Study Area 159 10.3 Materials and Methodology 160 10.3.1 Satellite Data Used 160 10.3.2 Pre-Processing of Satellite Data 160 10.3.3 Accuracy Assessment 162 10.3.4 LULC Change Detection 162 10.3.5 Shannon Entropy Model 162 10.4 Results and Discussion 163 10.4.1 LULC Maps 163 10.4.2 Accuracy Assessment 163 10.4.3 LULC Change Detection 165 10.5 Conclusion 168 Acknowledgements 169 References 169 11 Sustainable Natural Spaces for Microclimate Mitigation to Meet Future Urban Energy Challenges 171 Richa Manocha and Deepak Kumar 11.1 Introduction 172 11.2 Nature and Human Connection 174 11.3 Urban Gardening 176 11.4 Urban Greening and Energy Benefits 177 11.5 Nurturing a Connection to Nature in Early Years 177 11.6 Conclusion 180 11.7 Future Implication 181 References 181 12 Synthesis and Future Perspective 193 Deepak Kumar 12.1 Introduction 193 12.2 Synthesis of the Research 195 12.3 Future Urban Energy Policies, and Initiatives 199 12.4 The Challenge Ahead 201 12.5 Strategies for Improvement 201 References 203 About the Editor 205 Index 207

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Book SynopsisâœToday, over two billion people in developing countries live without any electricity. They lead lives of misery, walking miles every day for water and firewood, just to survive. What if there was an existing, viable technology, that when developed to its highest potential could increase everyoneâs standard of living, cut fossil fuel demand and the resultant pollutionâ said Peter Meisen, President, Global Energy Network Institute in 1997. Even though energy is available, technology was not matured enough to tap this energy in the nineties. Now, with the advancement of drilling technology, extracting heat from hot rocks has become a reality. Very soon when CO2 replaces the circulation fluid to extract heat from granites then both fossil fuel based and renewable energy sources will coexists balancing the CO2 emissions and providing energy, food and water security to the rich and the poor countries. Red Sea rift represents the youngest spreading ridges in the world with a vast amount of heat energy stored on either side. The Red Sea is surrounded by countries with a weak economy. Developing a geothermal energy based economy in countries like Eritrea, Djibouti and Ethiopia will provide food and water security to these countries while for other countries, geothermal energy will help in mitigating greenhouse gas emissions. Although geothermal energy sources are available in all the countries since the opening of the Red Sea, millions of years ago, this was not brought to the light. Oil importing countries became highly dependent on the oil rich countries to sustain their economy and growth and thus remained poor. This book unfolds the huge energy source, hydrothermal and EGS, for the benefit of the poor countries to reduce poverty and lift the socio economic status of these countries. The book deals with i) future energy demand, ii) CO2 emissions associated with fossil fuel based power plants, iii) black carbon emissions associated biomass energy source and iv) strategies to reduce CO2 emissions by using geothermal energy as energy source mix in all the countriesâoil exporting and oil importing countriesâ around the Red Sea. The amount of energy available from hot granites in all the countries is well documented. EGS being the future energy source for mankind, this book will form the basis for future research by young scientists and academicians. Availability of fresh water is a matter of concern for all countries. The only way to satisfy the thirst of a growing population, to meet drinking water demand and food security, is to depend on seawater. A large volume of CO2 is being emitted from desalination plants supported by fossil fuel based energy sources. This book describes the advantages of using geothermal energy sources for the desalination process to meet the growing water and food demand of the countries around the Red Sea. Oil rich countries, using its geothermal resources, can now reduce food imports and become self sufficient in food production.This book gives hope for millions of children living in the underdeveloped countries around the Red Sea to satisfy their hunger and live a decent life with a continuous source of electricity, water and food available. This book ends with a note on the economic benefits of geothermal energy vs other renewables. With the signing of the GGA (Global Geothermal Alliance) by several countries during the December 2015 CoP 21 summit in Paris, policy makers and administrators will work together in implementing the necessary infrastructure and support to develop this clean energy source.Table of Contents1. Introduction 2. Electricity demand and energy sources 3. Carbon dioxides emission 4. Geothermal provinces 5. CO2 mitigation strategy 6. Exploration techniques 7. Power generation techniques 8. Direct application of geothermal resources 9. Enhanced Geothermal Systems

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Book SynopsisThe wind power business has grown from a niche sector within the energy industry to a global industry that attracts substantial investment. In Europe wind has become the biggest source of new power generation capacity, while also successfully competing with the gas, coal and nuclear sectors in China and the US. Wind Power looks at the nations, companies and people fighting for control of one of the worldâs fastest growing new industries and how we can harness one of the planetâs most powerful energy resources. The book examines the challenges the sector faces as it competes for influence and investment with the fossil fuel industry across the globe. Over the course of this volume, Backwell analyses the industry climbers, the investment trends and the technological advancements that will define the future of wind energy. This second edition is revised throughout and contains new material on frontier wind markets and industry consolidation, as well as the cost reductions and market gains that led to 2015 being a landmark year for the big wind turbine companies.This is an important resource for professionals working in wind and wider renewable industries, energy finance, conventional energy companies and government as well as researchers, students, journalists and the general public.Trade Review'Ben Backwell's new book on wind power is a great read, provides the best current overview of the wind industry, how it got to where it is, and what the future challenges are. Highly recomended!' Henrik Stiesdal, Wind Power Pioneer Table of ContentsForewordIntroductionChapter 1. From Maoism to Lear JetsChapter 2. Big industry moves inChapter 3. China shakes the wind industryChapter 4. Emerging powersChapter 5. The offshore frontierChapter 6. After CopenhagenChapter 7. Turbine manufacturers in troubleChapter 8. The Wind Industry Bounces BackChapter 9. Tipping point: Windpower’s iPhone momentChapter 10. Challenges for the wind-turbine industryConclusion

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Book SynopsisThe wind power business has grown from a niche sector within the energy industry to a global industry that attracts substantial investment. In Europe wind has become the biggest source of new power generation capacity, while also successfully competing with the gas, coal and nuclear sectors in China and the US. Wind Power looks at the nations, companies and people fighting for control of one of the world's fastest growing new industries and how we can harness one of the planet's most powerful energy resources. The book examines the challenges the sector faces as it competes for influence and investment with the fossil fuel industry across the globe. Over the course of this volume, Backwell analyses the industry climbers, the investment trends and the technological advancements that will define the future of wind energy. This second edition is revised throughout and contains new material on frontier wind markets and industry consolidation, as well as the cost reductionsTrade Review'Ben Backwell's new book on wind power is a great read, provides the best current overview of the wind industry, how it got to where it is, and what the future challenges are. Highly recomended!' Henrik Stiesdal, Wind Power Pioneer Table of ContentsForewordIntroductionChapter 1. From Maoism to Lear JetsChapter 2. Big industry moves inChapter 3. China shakes the wind industryChapter 4. Emerging powersChapter 5. The offshore frontierChapter 6. After CopenhagenChapter 7. Turbine manufacturers in troubleChapter 8. The Wind Industry Bounces BackChapter 9. Tipping point: Windpower’s iPhone momentChapter 10. Challenges for the wind-turbine industryConclusion

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Book SynopsisFor the Movers, Shakers, and Policy Makers in Energy Engineering and Related IndustriesThe latest version of a bestselling reference, Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy Handbook, Second Edition covers the foremost trends and technologies in energy engineering today. This new edition contains the latest material on energy planning and policy, with a focus on renewable and sustainable energy sources. It also examines nuclear energy and its place in future energy systems, includes a chapter on natural gas, and provides extensive coverage of energy storage for numerous forms of energy generation. The text also provides energy supply, demand, and pricing factor projections for the future.Explore the Future of Global EnergyThe authors address problems that industry now faces, including the limited availability of conventional energy resources such as oil, natural gas, and coal, and considers renewTrade Review"Excellent text. Covers the ground very well. An excellent companion when you are on a learning journey in Energy. A good handbook to hold hands with!"—Prof Ajith P. de Alwis, University of Moratuwa, Sri Lanka, Coordinating Secretariat for Science Technology and Innovation (COSTI) Sri Lanka"The book provides a very comprehensive and clear description of present, immediate future and future sources, technologies and systems for a sustainable energy use in all countries of the world. The book also deals with the aspects of Energy Infrastructure and Storage necessary for Distributed Energy Systems with smart grid integration."—Professor N.K.Bansal, CEPT University Ahmedabad"Overall, this is an interesting and comprehensive book that summarises well various information. It is a great reference point and can be used by both practitioners involved in RET and EE and students learning about sustainable built environment. It deals with RET and EE from technical, financial and governance points of view based on the examples from all over the world."—Ksenia Chmutina, Loughborough University"This is the most comprehensive and complete treatment I’ve seen of the issue of energy and our society. The international coverage adds a great deal to the discussion which is generally western-focused. The coverage of technologies is extremely balanced, providing a valid reference frame on which engineers, individuals and policy makers can base solid decisions."—John Gardner, Professor, Boise State University"A comprehensive handbook which covers the most cut edge improvement technologies of energy efficiency for energy generation and transportation facilities using either conventional petroleum-based energy or renewable energy. … The handbook could be beneficial to both experienced researchers / engineers as a guide or reference book and novices / university students as a textbook in energy related fields."—Prof. Cherng-Yuan Lin, National Taiwan Ocean University"Overall, the book covers a wide range of topics on energy efficiency and renewable energy. This will serve as a good Reference for practicing engineers, policy makers, and the students working in the area of Energy."—Prof. Kaushik Rajashekara, University of Texas at DallasTable of ContentsGLOBAL ENERGY SYSTEMS, POLICY, AND ECONOMICS. Global Energy Systems. Sound Finance Policies for Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy. State and Federal Policies for Renewable Energy. Strategies and Instruments for Renewable Energy and Energy Efficiency Internationally, in Europe, and in Germany. Energy Conservation and Renewable Energy Policies in China. Renewable Energy and Energy Efficiency in India. Renewable Energy Policies in Brazil: Bioenergy, Photovoltaic Generation, and Transportation. Energy in Israel: A Case for Renewables. Renewable Energy in Australia. Japan’s Post-Fukushima Energy Policy. Policies for Distributed Energy Generation. Economics Methods. Environmental Impacts and Costs of Energy. ENERGY GENERATION THROUGH 2025. Distributed Generation Technologies through 2025. Demand-Side Management. Fossil Fuels. Nuclear Power Technologies through Year 2035. Outlook for U.S. Energy Consumption and Prices, 2011-2040. ENERGY INFRASTRUCTURE AND STORAGE. Transportation. Infrastructure Risk Analysis and Security. Electricity Infrastructure Resilience and Security. Electrical Energy Management in Buildings. Heating, Ventilating, and Air Conditioning Control Systems. Stirling Engines. Energy-Efficient Lighting Technologies and Their Applications in the Residential and Commercial Sectors. Energy-Efficient Technologies: Major Appliances and Space Conditioning Equipment. Heat Pumps. Electric Motor Systems Efficiency. Industrial Energy Efficiency and Energy Management. Process Energy Efficiency: Pinch Technology. Analysis Methods for Building Energy Auditing. Cogeneration. Energy Storage Technologies. Advanced Concepts in Transmission and Distribution. Smart Grid Technology. RENEWABLE TECHNOLOGIES. Solar Energy Resources. Wind Energy Resource. Municipal Solid Waste. Biomass Properties and Resources. Active Solar Heating Systems. Passive Solar Heating, Cooling, and Daylighting. Concentrating Solar Thermal Power. Wind Energy Conversion. Photovoltaics. Thin-Film PV Technology. Concentrating PV Technologies. Waste-to-Energy Combustion. Energy Recovery by Anaerobic Digestion Process. BIOMASS ENERGY SYSTEMS. Biomass Conversion to Heat and Power. Biomass Conversion to Fuels. Geothermal Power Generation. Hydrogen Energy Technologies. Fuel Cells.

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Book SynopsisIn 2006 Abu Dhabi launched an ambitious project to construct the world’s first zero-carbon city: Masdar City. In Spaceship in the Desert Gökçe Günel examines the development and construction of Masdar City''s renewable energy and clean technology infrastructures, providing an illuminating portrait of an international group of engineers, designers, and students who attempted to build a post-oil future in Abu Dhabi. While many of Masdar''s initiatives—such as developing a new energy currency and a driverless rapid transit network—have stalled or not met expectations, Günel analyzes how these initiatives contributed to rendering the future a thinly disguised version of the fossil-fueled present. Spaceship in the Desert tells the story of Masdar, at once a “utopia” sponsored by the Emirati government, and a well-resourced company involving different actors who participated in the project, each with their own agendas andTrade Review"Spaceship in the Desert is the fascinating story of a 'zero-carbon eco-city' that demonstrates the stark difference between vision and reality. . . . Günel’s first-hand reportage is insightful and objective." -- Barry Silverstein * Foreword Reviews *"The book is not only a rich ethnographic description of Masdar in all of its intricacies, but also a larger reflection on how global risks are framed according to the beliefs and situated actions of various interest groups." -- Gerardo del Cerro Santamaría * International Journal of Urban and Regional Research *"The global climate crisis is serious, but Günel shows that our attempts to tackle it are less so. . . . Our contemporary moral mess, from the GCC to Massachusetts, can be seen all too clearly through the pages of Günel’s account." -- Deen Sharp * Public Books *"Günel’s deft ethnographic sensibilities and creatively designed fieldwork further distinguish her contributions to anthropological studies of climate change, governance, knowledge production, infrastructure, materialism, and futurity more broadly. . . . Through fascinating and critical ethnographic descriptions, Günel offers a piercing glimpse into the front-lines of global climate change action." -- Gebhard Keny * Ethnos *"Spaceship in the Desert is a timely contribution to a growing field of anthropological scholarship on energy. . . . This book has the potential to attract readers from across the social sciences, not just within anthropology. The richness of ethnographic detail drawn in connection with the work of key thinkers may satisfy some readers." -- Idalina Baptista * Anthropological Quarterly *"Compelling and thought-provoking. . . . Günel encourages us as academics and as persons to rethink, renegotiate, and recreate our imaginations of the future through climate change technologies that do not preserve the status quo, but rather, alter it in the present." -- Hai Ri (Sophia) Jeon * Anthropology Book Forum *“[Günel’s] brilliant ethnography of Masdar reminds us of the limits of the third pilot of Spaceship Earth—the market.... Günel’s study also shows how the scope of climate change demands administrative bodies beyond corporations and states.” -- Troy Vettese * Viewpoint Magazine *Table of ContentsAcknowledgments vii Introduction. The Soul of Carbon Dioxide 1 Part I. Knowledge 1. Inhabiting the Spaceship 37 2. Beautiful Buildings and Research Contracts 65 Part II. Technology 3. Ergos: A New Energy Currency 101 4. An Expensive Toy 127 Part III. Governance 5. Subsurface Workings 157 Epilogue. The Potential Futures of Abu Dhabi's Masdar 183 Notes 199 References 237 Index 249

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Book SynopsisDominic Boyer examines the politics of wind power and how it is shaped by myriad factors—from the legacies of settler colonialism and indigenous resistance to state bureaucracy and corporate investment—while outlining the fundamental impact of energy and fuel on political power.Trade Review"Recommended. Upper-division undergraduates through faculty; professionals." -- L. L. Johnson * Choice *"Howe and Boyer look back on the past with fresh eyes. . . . Howe and Boyer’s project has many virtues. For one, it articulates the perils of corporate wind economies. For another, it positions Indigenous communities (like the Zapotec) not as outmoded objects for anthropological inquiry, but (á la Gayatri Spivak) as 'active [producers] of culture.' Most importantly, perhaps, is how Wind and Power in the Anthropocene documents alternatives to corporate wind ventures like Mareña. The book highlights, for example, community-based initiatives that also seek to harness the awesome power of istmeño wind—projects that promote communal welfare and environmental justice." -- Stacey Balkan * Public Books *"The duograph is an interesting and novel way to approach collaborative writing, which I enjoyed engaging with. . . . Energopolitics elegantly brings together political theory and ethnography. -- Anna G. Sveinsdóttir * Journal of Latin American Geography *“In Wind and Power in the Anthropocene, a two-volume ‘duograph,’ Cymene Howe, in Ecologics, and Dominic Boyer, in Energopolitics, explore the development of wind parks during the early twenty-first century on the isthmus of Tehuantepec…. One of the most refreshing components of their collaborative and individual writing is the clarity of their position as researchers in this project as they circulated among politicians, indigenous peoples, and corporate officials. It is a necessary exercise, as they argue, for appreciating the entrenchment of the wind in local political and social relations.” -- Nathan Kapoor * Technology and Culture *“Boyer’s book seeks ways around human-centered notions of politics.... More important than his theoretical discussion is his contention that in order to understand aeolian politics in the Isthmus of Tehuantepec, one must attend to situated, historical processes with which transitions to renewable energy become intimately entangled.” -- Chakad Ojani * Anthropology Book Forum *“[Ecologics and Energopolitics] make strong arguments on political processes in the field of wind energy in Mexico...[and] are important contributions to an anthropology of energy, a still growing field within the discipline.” -- Oliver D. Liebig * Anthropos *Table of ContentsJoint Preface to Wind and Power in the Anthropocene / Cymene Howe and Dominic Boyer ix Acknowledgments xix Introduction 1 1. Ixtepec 27 2. La Ventosa 60 3. Oaxaca de Juaréz 95 4. Distrito Federal 127 5. Guidxiguie' (Juchitán de Zaragoza) 158 Joint Conclusion to Wind and Power in the Anthropocene / Cymene Howe and Dominic Boyer 194 Notes 199 References 225 Index 251

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Book SynopsisCymene Howe traces the complex relationships between humans, nonhuman beings and objects, and geophysical forces that shaped the Mareña Renovables project in Oaxaca, Mexico, which had it been completed, would have been Latin America's largest wind power installation.Trade Review"Research included interviews carried out with key representatives of international, national, regional, and local interests, supporting a richly nuanced account of often emotionally charged encounters. Howe balances multiple viewpoints, ranging from those gained though formal appointments and official press conferences in Mexico City to those observed in restaurant meetings and confrontations between protesters and police on the Isthmus. The chapters oscillate between chronological telling of events—from wind power anticipated, to the project interrupted and ultimately suspended—and consideration of three other-than-human forces that played key roles in the unfolding of events: wind, trucks, and species. Recommended. All readers." -- C. Hendrickson * Choice *"Howe and Boyer look back on the past with fresh eyes. . . . Howe and Boyer’s project has many virtues. For one, it articulates the perils of corporate wind economies. For another, it positions Indigenous communities (like the Zapotec) not as outmoded objects for anthropological inquiry, but (á la Gayatri Spivak) as 'active [producers] of culture.' Most importantly, perhaps, is how Wind and Power in the Anthropocene documents alternatives to corporate wind ventures like Mareña. The book highlights, for example, community-based initiatives that also seek to harness the awesome power of istmeño wind—projects that promote communal welfare and environmental justice." -- Stacey Balkan * Public Books *"The duograph is an interesting and novel way to approach collaborative writing, which I enjoyed engaging with. . . . Howe discusses, through her vivid writing style, what happens when distinct imaginaries of environmental care and environmental harm come into conflict, examining how wind energy—an antidote to the Anthropocene—became both failure and success." -- Anna G. Sveinsdóttir * Journal of Latin American Geography *“In Wind and Power in the Anthropocene, a two-volume ‘duograph,’ Cymene Howe, in Ecologics, and Dominic Boyer, in Energopolitics, explore the development of wind parks during the early twenty-first century on the isthmus of Tehuantepec…. One of the most refreshing components of their collaborative and individual writing is the clarity of their position as researchers in this project as they circulated among politicians, indigenous peoples, and corporate officials. It is a necessary exercise, as they argue, for appreciating the entrenchment of the wind in local political and social relations.” -- Nathan Kapoor * Technology and Culture *“Cymene Howe and Dominic Boyer have crafted two eloquent accounts of the turbulent, aeolian politics that unfolded during their 16-month-long field research in Mexico’s Isthmus of Tehuantepec, between 2009 and 2013.... Ecologics...is perhaps the most evocative half of the duograph.” -- Chakad Ojani * Anthropology Book Forum *“[Ecologics and Energopolitics] make strong arguments on political processes in the field of wind energy in Mexico...[and] are important contributions to an anthropology of energy, a still growing field within the discipline.” -- Oliver D. Liebig * Anthropos *Table of ContentsJoint Preface to Wind and Power in the Anthropocene / Cymene Howe and Dominic Boyer ix Acknowledgments xix Introduction 1 1. Wind 23 2. Wind Power, Anticipated 43 3. Trucks 73 4. Wind Power, Interrupted 103 5. Species 137 6. Wind Power, in Suspension 170 Joint Conclusion to Wind and Power in the Anthropocene / Cymene Howe and Dominic Boyer 191 Notes 197 References 223 Index 243

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Book SynopsisDominic Boyer examines the politics of wind power and how it is shaped by myriad factorsfrom the legacies of settler colonialism and indigenous resistance to state bureaucracy and corporate investmentwhile outlining the fundamental impact of energy and fuel on political power.Trade Review"Recommended. Upper-division undergraduates through faculty; professionals." -- L. L. Johnson * Choice *"Howe and Boyer look back on the past with fresh eyes. . . . Howe and Boyer’s project has many virtues. For one, it articulates the perils of corporate wind economies. For another, it positions Indigenous communities (like the Zapotec) not as outmoded objects for anthropological inquiry, but (á la Gayatri Spivak) as 'active [producers] of culture.' Most importantly, perhaps, is how Wind and Power in the Anthropocene documents alternatives to corporate wind ventures like Mareña. The book highlights, for example, community-based initiatives that also seek to harness the awesome power of istmeño wind—projects that promote communal welfare and environmental justice." -- Stacey Balkan * Public Books *"The duograph is an interesting and novel way to approach collaborative writing, which I enjoyed engaging with. . . . Energopolitics elegantly brings together political theory and ethnography. -- Anna G. Sveinsdóttir * Journal of Latin American Geography *“In Wind and Power in the Anthropocene, a two-volume ‘duograph,’ Cymene Howe, in Ecologics, and Dominic Boyer, in Energopolitics, explore the development of wind parks during the early twenty-first century on the isthmus of Tehuantepec…. One of the most refreshing components of their collaborative and individual writing is the clarity of their position as researchers in this project as they circulated among politicians, indigenous peoples, and corporate officials. It is a necessary exercise, as they argue, for appreciating the entrenchment of the wind in local political and social relations.” -- Nathan Kapoor * Technology and Culture *“Boyer’s book seeks ways around human-centered notions of politics.... More important than his theoretical discussion is his contention that in order to understand aeolian politics in the Isthmus of Tehuantepec, one must attend to situated, historical processes with which transitions to renewable energy become intimately entangled.” -- Chakad Ojani * Anthropology Book Forum *“[Ecologics and Energopolitics] make strong arguments on political processes in the field of wind energy in Mexico...[and] are important contributions to an anthropology of energy, a still growing field within the discipline.” -- Oliver D. Liebig * Anthropos *Table of ContentsJoint Preface to Wind and Power in the Anthropocene / Cymene Howe and Dominic Boyer ix Acknowledgments xix Introduction 1 1. Ixtepec 27 2. La Ventosa 60 3. Oaxaca de Juaréz 95 4. Distrito Federal 127 5. Guidxiguie' (Juchitán de Zaragoza) 158 Joint Conclusion to Wind and Power in the Anthropocene / Cymene Howe and Dominic Boyer 194 Notes 199 References 225 Index 251

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