Energy and natural resources law Books

Book SynopsisThis innovative book explores the legal character of petroleum licences, a key vehicle governing the relationship between oil companies and their host states. Examining the issue through the lens of legal culture, it illustrates why some jurisdictions exert strong state control and others only minimal.Critically investigating the nature of a petroleum licence, the book analyses whether it is a mere administrative right, a contract or something more akin to property rights. Chapters examine recent developments, such as the UK's strategy of maximizing economic recovery and the opposition to drilling for oil in Norway and Australia. Outside of Western petroleum jurisdictions, the book also explores several long-established jurisdictions including Russia and Mexico, as well as emerging jurisdictions, such as China and Uganda. Taking a contextual and system-oriented approach, it reveals the preconditions of the petroleum licence regime and offers a critical insight into the reasons behind alterations to the terms of the licences.Encompassing a wide variety of legal cultures and experiences, this thought-provoking book will prove to be a valuable resource for academics and students of energy law, particularly those with an interest in state regulation. It will also provide useful insights for industry-based practitioners.Table of ContentsContents: Acknowledgements viii 1 Introduction 1 Jørn Øyrehagen Sunde and Tina Soliman Hunter 2 Characterisation of Australia’s petroleum licences: property capable of acquisition on ‘just terms’? 16 Tina Soliman Hunter 3 The legal character of petroleum licences in the United States of America 51 John Lowe 4 The legal character of petroleum licences in Canada 72 Nigel Bankes 5 The legal character of petroleum licences in Uganda 95 Emmanuel Kasimbazi 6 Petroleum licences – a legal culture perspective: the United Kingdom 119 Greg Gordon and John Paterson 7 Oil and gas licences – a legal nature perspective: the Netherlands 139 Martha Roggenkamp 8 Legal character of petroleum licences under Norwegian law 159 Ernst Nordtveit 9 Russia: legal culture and character of Russian petroleum licences 186 Irina Fodchenko 10 The Mexican petroleum licence of 2013 207 Guillermo J. Garcia Sanchez 11 The legal character of petroleum licences in the People’s Republic of China 234 Yong Li 12 Afterword: Licence rights – what’s left? 253 Terence Daintith Index

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Book SynopsisWhat does the future hold for oil and gas, what can we learn from the past and what role does law have to play in this? Using a unique temporal lens, this Research Handbook examines core themes in oil and gas regulation from historical, contemporary and forward-looking perspectives.Structured in three distinct parts, this Research Handbook begins by detailing the past dominance of oil, charting the role and influence of legal instruments and regulatory regimes governing petroleum. Using a diverse range of case study perspectives over several jurisdictions, the Research Handbook then turns to oil and gas in the modern world, with critical discussion of current petroleum legal regimes. It concludes with a series of forward-looking chapters that consider the future challenges and opportunities for oil and gas, and how petroleum-dependent states can both regulate and facilitate the age of energy transition.Surveying the technological shifts of the oil and gas sector through time, this comprehensive Research Handbook will prove an invigorating read for scholars and students of energy and natural resource law disciplines. Its discussion of emerging technologies and community impact will prove particularly useful to regulators, policymakers, corporations and legal practitioners concerned with the future of energy.Trade Review‘Soliman Hunter and Taylor bring together a fine group of legal specialists and practitioners to explore the past, present and future of oil and gas. As the world transitions towards a low carbon future, this is a very timely and important research volume on energy markets, governance and regulatory regimes.’ -- Andreas Goldthau, University of Erfurt and Institute for Advanced Sustainability Studies, Germany‘An indispensable work for understanding national and international approaches to oil and gas regulations, and the relevant challenges in an era of energy transition.’ -- Carlos Bernal, Member of CENRIT and Commissioner at the Inter-American Human Rights CommissionTable of ContentsContents: PART I THE PAST – THE DOMINANCE OF OIL 1 Historical perspectives on the global petroleum economy 2 Tina Soliman Hunter 2 The role and influence of oil concessions on the oil and gas industry 33 Janan Gibbins 3 The ‘move’ offshore: The progressive development of international law in relation to the access to, and control of, offshore oil and gas resources 52 Nikolaos Koulouris and Tina Soliman Hunter 4 Development of regulatory regimes for offshore petroleum exploitation: The ‘North American’ and ‘North Sea’ perspectives 65 Tina Soliman Hunter PART II THE PRESENT: OIL AND GAS IN THE MODERN WORLD 5 The role of law in petroleum resource governance and predicting the natural resource paradox in Africa 90 Eddy Lenusira Wifa and Mostafa Elshazly 6 Asian liquified natural gas markets: The tomorrow will look very different from yesterday 115 Kim Talus 7 Hydrocarbon activities on indigenous land: Substantive and procedural rights 130 Rachael Lorna Johnstone and Emma Wilson 8 The Energy Charter Treaty as a legal instrument for oil and gas disputes 158 Moritz Wüstenberg and Tina Soliman Hunter 9 Oil and gas in Latin America: Recent development on the policy and regulation and future perspectives 175 Juan Felipe Neira, Carlos Bellorin, Ernesto Beltrán Nishizaki, Antero Alvarado and Laura Camila Ramos 10 The shale gas revolution—the United States’ perspective 195 Hannah J. Wiseman 11 An unconventional evolution: Addressing and regulating socio-legal issues associated with the development of shale gas and coal seam gas resources in selected jurisdictions 219 Madeline Taylor 12 Changing perspectives on production sharing contracts 246 Ahad Al Yahyai 13 International and supranational aspects of oil and gas law and its impact on national autonomy over petroleum development 290 Ernst Nordtveit and Tina Soliman Hunter 14 The regulatory aspects of managing contamination from oil and gas facilities during the offshore decommissioning process 320 Elizabeth J Brandon 15 Emerging technologies in oil and gas development: regulatory and policy perspectives 344 Tina Soliman Hunter, Madeline Taylor and Niloufer Selvadurai 16 Future security of Russia’s fuel and energy complex: The dominance of the Arctic 372 Dmitriy A. Medvedev and Tina Soliman Hunter 17 Maritime boundaries and cooperation over straddling seabed resources in the Eastern Mediterranean Sea 388 Constantinos Yiallourides 18 Conclusion: Energy transition in an oil and gas dependent world 409 Madeline Taylor and Tina Soliman Hunter Index

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Book SynopsisThe centrality of natural resources to global economic growth has placed the debate over their ownership and control at the forefront of legal, territorial and political disputes. Combining both legal and policy expertise with academic and practitioner perspectives this book considers the dimensions of natural resource governance at a time when disputes over their use grow more acute. Focusing on the law, regulation and governance of natural resources, this timely work examines in detail the conflicts and contradictions arising at the intersection between international economic law, sustainable development and other areas of international law, most notably human rights law and environmental law. Exploring the views of different stakeholder groups in the natural resources sectors, key chapters consider whether their differing interests and concerns are adequately addressed under national and international law. This book will appeal to scholars of law, political science and development studies. It will also benefit policy practitioners and advocacy specialists in development NGOs, research institutes and international organisations.Contributors include: S. Adelman, J.P. Bohoslavsky, C. Buggenhoudt, L. Cotula, D. Davitti, J. Faundez, J. Justo, L. Martin, J. McEldowney, S. McEldowney, C. Ochoa, D. Ong, M. Picq, F. Smith, C. Tan, J. Van Alstine, E. WilsonTrade Review'The editors are to be congratulated on a timely and thought-provoking collection of essays that reappraise the international legal and political framework for natural resource governance and its impact on sustainable development.' --Mary Footer, University of Nottingham School of Law, UK'This is an innovative and intellectually enriching collection of essays on a very topical subject. The contributors present critical analysis and original approaches to interaction and tensions in various areas of international law, also addressing the legal questions arising from its fragmentation, a topic debated by the International Law Commission. Providing a fascinating insight into the workings of international law within various sectors of activities in developing countries and the tensions arising therefrom, such as between investors and local communities in natural resources projects, this book is a very rich source of knowledge. It is highly recommended for both practitioners and scholars.' --Malgosia Fitzmaurice, Queen Mary University of London, UK'This collection of essays on natural resources and sustainable development shines a light on the many vistas of the topic. While each chapter brings a refreshing review of extant literature on the specific area of enquiry, the indepth analysis of particular jurisdictions or industries makes for a better understanding of the issues at stake. In some cases new ground is broken where the authors debunk old ideas. Manuela Lavinas Picq's chapter on ''situating the amazon in world politics'' is a good example. After reading it, one is not likely to view the Amazon in the same way again. I recommend this book to scholars and practitioners alike.' --Victor Essien, International Journal of Legal InformationTable of ContentsContents: 1. Introduction Celine Tan and Julio Faundez 2. Investment Treaties, Natural Resources and Regulatory Space: Technical Issues and Political Choice in International Investment Law Lorenzo Cotula 3. Risky Business: Political Risk Insurance and the Law and Governance of Natural Resources Celine Tan 4. The Extractive Industries Transparency Initiative in Africa: Overcoming the Resource Curse and Promoting Sustainable Development Emma Wilson and James van Alstine 5. BITs, State Regulation and Business-Related Human Rights Violations in Water and Sanitation Services Juan Pablo Bohoslavsky, Liber Martin and Juan Justo 6. Away from the Spotlight: Foreign Investment in the Afghan Extractive Sector and the State’s Duty to Protect the Right to Water Daria Davitti 7. The Governance of Natural Resources in Latin America: The Commodities Consensus and the Policy Space Conundrum Julio Faundez 8. Generating Conflict: Gold, Water and Vulnerable Communities in the Colombian Highlands Christiana Ochoa 9. Situating the Amazon in World Politics Manuela Lavinas Picq 10. Tropical Forests, Climate Change and Neoliberal Environmental Governmentality Sam Adelman 11. The Role of Law in the Economy and in Regulating Natural Resources and Environmental Protection in China John McEldowney 12. Natural Resources and Global Value Chains: What Role for the WTO? Fiona Smith 13. Sustainable Chemical Regulation in a Global Environment Sharron McEldowney 14. Litigation Against Multinational Oil Companies in Their Home State Jurisdictions: An Alternative Legal Response to Pollution Damage in Foreign Jurisdictions David Ong 15. The Public Interest in International Investment Arbitration on Natural Resources Claire Buggenhoudt Index

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Book SynopsisElgar Advanced Introductions are stimulating and thoughtful introductions to major fields in the social sciences, business and law, expertly written by the world’s leading scholars. Designed to be accessible yet rigorous, they offer concise and lucid surveys of the substantive and policy issues associated with discrete subject areas.This clear and concise book provides an overview of how laws and policies around the world are designed to support and accelerate the growth of renewable energy. Throughout, Professor Eisen focuses on how national and sub-national governments have responded to the revolutionary transformation of the world's energy system by developing and implementing support programs for renewable energy.Key features include: Global coverage of the ways in which laws and policies are guiding countries and regions to transitioning to renewable energy Detailed chapters highlighting all of the important regulatory, financial, and technological aspects of renewable energy development Critical insights designed to spotlight on-going challenges and spark discussions about policy development. Intended to serve both as a comprehensive introduction to this vast subject and to prompt readers to inquire further into the specific laws of individual nations, this Advanced Introduction will be beneficial for students, academics, and policymakers interested in the complex legal landscape governing renewable energy.Trade Review‘The transition to a low carbon energy future is not going to be easy or linear. And there is a scarcity of skilled legal professionals who understand the multidisciplinary nature of emerging energy law, especially renewable energy law. . . Law schools and public policy schools can look to bridge this gap and in those efforts, this book would be an essential teaching aid. The book is easy-to-read, provides real world examples and is well referenced, making it an excellent resource for students and practitioners alike.’ -- Bharat Jairaj, LEAD Journal‘This is a unique and highly impressive overview on contemporary problems of renewable energy. It strikes a very good balance between highlighting general questions and developments in a clear and systematic manner and giving concrete examples from all over the world.’ -- Michael Fehling, Bucerius Law School, Germany'This is an unique and highly impressive overview on contemporary problems of renewable energy. It strikes a very good balance between highlighting general questions and developments -- in a clear and systematic manner and giving concrete examples from all over the world.'– Michael Fehling, Bucerius Law School, Germany'Solar, wind, and other renewables are leading the charge toward a cleaner, climate-friendly energy economy. In this excellent book, Professor Eisen shares his considerable expertise across a wide range of renewable energy technologies, jurisdictions, and policies. The result is a treasure trove of practically relevant information for anyone, with and without prior legal training, looking to join the clean tech revolution.' -- Felix Mormann, Texas A&M University School of Law, US'As the clean energy transition accelerates, decision makers in government and the private sector alike realize they need to understand - quickly - the complex legal environment for renewable energy. Professor Joel Eisen - internationally known for his insightful and forward-thinking energy law scholarship - provides just the kind of clear, accessible primer that’s needed, without oversimplification. It is an excellent introduction for anyone new to the field of renewable energy.' -- Uma Outka, University of Kansas School of Law, USTable of ContentsContents: Preface 1. Introduction to laws and policies affecting renewable energy 2. Renewable energy resources 3. Governmental support policies for renewable energy 4. National electricity regulatory systems affecting renewable energy projects 5. Sub-national utility regulation and policies affecting renewable energy 6. Finance of renewable energy projects 7. Systems promoting voluntary adoption of renewable energy 8. Other legal and regulatory systems with impacts on renewable energy development 9. Carbon pricing; conclusion and directions for further policy development Index

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Book SynopsisElgar Advanced Introductions are stimulating and thoughtful introductions to major fields in the social sciences, business and law, expertly written by the world’s leading scholars. Designed to be accessible yet rigorous, they offer concise and lucid surveys of the substantive and policy issues associated with discrete subject areas.This clear and concise book provides an overview of how laws and policies around the world are designed to support and accelerate the growth of renewable energy. Throughout, Professor Eisen focuses on how national and sub-national governments have responded to the revolutionary transformation of the world's energy system by developing and implementing support programs for renewable energy.Key features include: Global coverage of the ways in which laws and policies are guiding countries and regions to transitioning to renewable energy Detailed chapters highlighting all of the important regulatory, financial, and technological aspects of renewable energy development Critical insights designed to spotlight on-going challenges and spark discussions about policy development. Intended to serve both as a comprehensive introduction to this vast subject and to prompt readers to inquire further into the specific laws of individual nations, this Advanced Introduction will be beneficial for students, academics, and policymakers interested in the complex legal landscape governing renewable energy.Trade Review‘The transition to a low carbon energy future is not going to be easy or linear. And there is a scarcity of skilled legal professionals who understand the multidisciplinary nature of emerging energy law, especially renewable energy law. . . Law schools and public policy schools can look to bridge this gap and in those efforts, this book would be an essential teaching aid. The book is easy-to-read, provides real world examples and is well referenced, making it an excellent resource for students and practitioners alike.’ -- Bharat Jairaj, LEAD Journal‘This is a unique and highly impressive overview on contemporary problems of renewable energy. It strikes a very good balance between highlighting general questions and developments in a clear and systematic manner and giving concrete examples from all over the world.’ -- Michael Fehling, Bucerius Law School, Germany'This is an unique and highly impressive overview on contemporary problems of renewable energy. It strikes a very good balance between highlighting general questions and developments -- in a clear and systematic manner and giving concrete examples from all over the world.'– Michael Fehling, Bucerius Law School, Germany'Solar, wind, and other renewables are leading the charge toward a cleaner, climate-friendly energy economy. In this excellent book, Professor Eisen shares his considerable expertise across a wide range of renewable energy technologies, jurisdictions, and policies. The result is a treasure trove of practically relevant information for anyone, with and without prior legal training, looking to join the clean tech revolution.' -- Felix Mormann, Texas A&M University School of Law, US'As the clean energy transition accelerates, decision makers in government and the private sector alike realize they need to understand - quickly - the complex legal environment for renewable energy. Professor Joel Eisen - internationally known for his insightful and forward-thinking energy law scholarship - provides just the kind of clear, accessible primer that’s needed, without oversimplification. It is an excellent introduction for anyone new to the field of renewable energy.' -- Uma Outka, University of Kansas School of Law, USTable of ContentsContents: Preface 1. Introduction to laws and policies affecting renewable energy 2. Renewable energy resources 3. Governmental support policies for renewable energy 4. National electricity regulatory systems affecting renewable energy projects 5. Sub-national utility regulation and policies affecting renewable energy 6. Finance of renewable energy projects 7. Systems promoting voluntary adoption of renewable energy 8. Other legal and regulatory systems with impacts on renewable energy development 9. Carbon pricing; conclusion and directions for further policy development Index

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Book SynopsisThis comprehensive book addresses both the principles and practicalities of petroleum unitization by mapping out the evolution of and rationale for unitization in legislation and by providing much-needed guidance on the formulation of a legislative framework for effective regulatory governance of the unitization process. Drawing on his own extensive experience of the global petroleum industry and his insights into petroleum unitization in some 90 jurisdictions worldwide, Paul F. Worthington discusses the key elements of legislation for incorporation into petroleum unitization statutes, implementing regulations and production contracts. He provides a basis for legal drafting at all levels of this tripartite legislative framework as well as guidelines for compliance with good international petroleum practice. The Law on Petroleum Unitization: Legislating for Effective Regulatory Governance will prove essential reading for legal practitioners working in government ministries with a responsibility for energy affairs as well as for energy regulators, energy companies and those legal firms who provide unitization advice. Petroleum consultancies, negotiators and energy policy advisers within professional bodies and academia will also benefit from this book's thorough and incisive treatment of the subject matter. Trade Review'Paul F. Worthington's extensive research has produced this important work about unitization. The book's greatest virtue is in pulling together the unitization rules of 90 countries, analyzing them in a methodological manner and proposing recommendations to improve this complex and relevant process. Worthington's work presents itself as an important reference for scholars, policy analysts, oil and gas lawyers, and especially regulators who are charged with drafting unitization rules.' --Luciana Braga, Université Grenoble Alpes, France'This book offers an insightful analysis of the diversity of tripartite legal frameworks (statutes, regulations, and contract provisions) used today to promote the unitization of petroleum reservoirs around the world. Written by a geoscientist with experience in many unitization negotiations, Paul F. Worthington's research finds where gaps in the legal framework, mismatched terms among the three framework levels, and overly prescriptive provisions at some levels can hinder the maximum recovery of petroleum today. He concludes by offering a useful template of key factors that ideally should be found in a country's tripartite legal regime for unitization.' --Jacqueline L. Weaver, University of Houston Law Center, US'A meticulously researched and well written volume that considers the law relating to unitization agreements in both developing and developed jurisdictions. Providing both a historical perspective of the concept of unitization as well as a consideration of contemporary unitization agreements, this book is an essential tool for anyone who works in the area of petroleum contracts and initiation. An invaluable read!' --Tina Soliman Hunter, University of Aberdeen, UKTable of ContentsContents: Preface 1. Introduction 2. Evolution of legislation relating to shared fluid resources 3. Unitization 4. Current status of unitization legislation 5. Collation of pertinent legislation 6. Analysis of selected unitization legislations 7. Detailed case histories 8. Recommendations for improved legislation for unitization 9. Implementation of recommendations Bibliography Index

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Book SynopsisElgar Research Agendas outline the future of research in a given area. Leading scholars are given the space to explore their subject in provocative ways, and map out the potential directions of travel. They are relevant but also visionary.This timely Research Agenda provides imaginative solutions to existing and emerging challenges for the study, application, and development of water law. It argues for a dynamic approach to water law, anticipating how water and its relationship to humanity will shift due to climate change, modern societal norms and values, and technological innovation.Bringing together leading experts and rising new voices, this Research Agenda analyses local, national, and international water law. It explores the pressing issues of today and tomorrow, and identifies areas for further research to ensure legal regimes can respond to future challenges for water provision. Contributors consider the legal personhood of rivers, water quality, international basins, water markets, and the role of indigenous groups in water management. Ultimately, this Research Agenda provides a portfolio of options for responding to the uncertain natural, social, and political future of water.Providing a cutting-edge overview of the challenges facing water law locally, nationally, and internationally, A Research Agenda for Water Law will be a valuable resource for scholars of water law, environmental law, and public international law. It will also be essential reading for policy-makers seeking to build future-facing water law regimes.Trade Review‘Casado Pérez and Larson have created the single best resource for understanding the potential trajectories of water law in the 21st century. From climate change to water markets, from smart cities to legal personhood for rivers and many more topics, leading scholars from around the globe identify the key challenges to water management and paths forward. If you want to understand the breadth of cutting-edge water law topics, read this book.’ -- James Salzman, University of California, Los Angeles, US‘The authors and editorial team led by Professors Vanessa Casado Pérez and Rhett Larson have given readers an outstanding Research Agenda for water law. Based on the team’s wide-ranging expertise, leading colleagues have raised vexing questions to set a research agenda for the resource that is fundamental to life, water. This work has value for students, academics, and practitioners.’ -- Melissa K. Scanlan, Center for Water Policy, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, US‘The evolution of domestic and international water law—particularly in a rapidly changing climate—demands universal attention. This astute group of scholars anticipates and dissects most of the key issues requiring water law adaptation in the coming decades. An important guide for water law and policy experts everywhere.’ -- Robert W. Adler, University of Utah, USTable of ContentsContents: 1 Introduction to A Research Agenda for Water Law 1 Vanessa Casado Pérez and Rhett Larson 2 “Giant Steps”: How Technology is Shaping International Water Law 9 Makane Moïse Mbengue and Elena Cima 3 Ensuring Water Security in Brahmaputra Basin: Shift from Conflict to Cooperation 33 Abhishek Chakravarty 4 The Grand Ethiopian Renaissance Dam and Water Law in Africa 59 John Mukum Mbaku 5 Regulatory Journey towards Biological Indicators in Assessing Water Quality 89 Aleksandra Čavoški and Robert Lee 6 Repairing our relationship with rivers: water law and legal personhood 113 Erin O’Donnell 7 The Concept of Water for Indigenous People in Ecuador – How it is Regulated in the Water Law Regime 139 Andrés Martínez-Moscoso and Israel Castro-Enríquez 8 International Water Law and Climate Change 157 Mara Tignino and Tadesse Kebebew 9 Water Law and Municipal Water 185 Alberto Quintavalla 10 Remembering the Ocean in Water Law 205 Robin Kundis Craig 11 Water Markets Agonistes 237 Barton H. Thompson, Jr Conclusions: a research agenda for the water law of the future 267 Vanessa Casado Pérez and Rhett Larson Index 273

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Book SynopsisAdopting a holistic and multidisciplinary approach, this expertly crafted book comprehensively maps out the complex multi-jurisdictional legal landscape pertaining to the EU’s circular energy system. Offering in-depth critical analysis, it identifies several areas of law and policy that require further scholarly inquiry to ensure the creation of an effective policy framework which can facilitate the move from a linear to a circular energy system.In three thematic sections, the expert contributors first examine the interactions between EU law and policy for waste, agriculture, food and forestry. Focus is then drawn to how, when, and by whom the energy sources created from biowaste can become part of the EU’s energy mix. A range of legal instruments that impact the financing of the circular energy system through taxation, EU financing, and state aid are also considered. The book concludes by reflecting on inefficiencies and ineffectiveness caused by these interactions of legal and policy areas related to the circular energy system.This insightful and progressive book will be of great interest to practitioners and policymakers looking to better understand the legal complexities of implementing a circular energy system. It will also prove an essential read for scholars and students interested in environmental law, energy law, European law, and affordable and clean energy studies.Trade Review‘This excellent edited collection makes an important contribution to legal scholarship on making energy supplies sustainable. Its exploration of relationships between the waste, agriculture, food and forestry sectors and the energy sector, of their respective regulatory frameworks, and of related policy and legal contexts shines a light on key interactions for achieving circular economies in the EU and elsewhere. Coverage of legal issues raised by the integration of biofuels and biogases into energy systems and concerning the decarbonisation of heating and transport is also most welcome. The volume's examination of these hitherto underexplored areas will prove useful for scholars both in the EU and also in other jurisdictions who are looking to learn from the EU's experience with developing laws for managing waste streams and exploiting their energy-producing potential. The editors are to be commended for assembling this valuable volume.’ -- Olivia Woolley, Durham University Law School, UK‘This is an impressive book detailing a range of contemporary problems and potential solutions from a cross-sectoral perspective in the paradigm shift from a linear to a circular energy system. By adopting an energy systems perspective, this edited collection provides a much-needed contribution analysing the complex legal and regulatory environment for biofuels and gases in the European Union and their interrelationship.’ -- Sirja-Leena Penttinen, Energy Authority, and UEF Law School, Finland‘Lucila de Almeida and Josephine van Zeben have assembled a top-notch roster of experts to consider EU policies regarding the circular energy system. The result is not just an essential guide to this emerging field, but also a nuanced account of law's role in effecting systemic reform.’ -- Bruce Huber, University of Notre Dame, USTable of ContentsContents: 1 The EU’s circular energy system and the Green Deal 1 Lucila de Almeida and Josephine van Zeben PART I FROM WASTE TO BIOFUELS AND BIOGAS 2 Waste in the circular energy system 17 Geert van Calster 3 Agricultural waste to biofuel and biogas: law and policy 28 Mirta Alessandrini, Edwin Alblas, and Lin Batten 4 Food waste to biogas and biofuel: law and policy 49 Madhura Rao, Aalt Bast, and Alie de Boer 5 Forestry waste to biofuel and biogas: law and policy 70 Elisa Cavallin PART II THE USE OF BIOFUEL AND BIOGAS IN THE CIRCULAR ENERGY SYSTEM 6 From gas to biogas from biowaste: heating, power generation, and cogeneration 103 Maciej M Sokołowski 7 Sustainable biofuels and gaseous biomass fuels from biowaste in the EU transport sector 129 Piero Carlo dos Reis, Phillip Lugmayr, and Benjamin Gomado 8 Methane emission in a circular economy 160 Maria Olczak and Andris Piebalgs PART III CROSS-SECTORAL ISSUES 9 The Energy Tax Directive reform 182 Álvaro Antón Antón 10 EU law and policy shaping supranational and national investment in biofuel and biogas transition 205 Agnieszka Smoleńska 11 Energy State aid 226 Allard Knook 12 Renewable support schemes and Guarantees of Origin applied to renewable energy regulation 239 Alberto Pototschnig and Ilaria Conti 13 The (in)coherence–(in)effectiveness nexus of the EU’s circular energy system 261 Lucila de Almeida and Josephine van Zeben Index 269

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Book SynopsisElgar Advanced Introductions are stimulating and thoughtful introductions to major fields in the social sciences, business and law, expertly written by the world’s leading scholars. Designed to be accessible yet rigorous, they offer concise and lucid surveys of the substantive policy issues associated with discrete subject areas.This Advanced Introduction to International Water Law provides an overview of the key international rules, principles and institutions involved in the use and protection of shared international freshwater resources.Incisive and comprehensive, this book explores the core principles and key developments in international water law. Chapters examine the emergence of the ecosystem approach to transboundary water management; the phenomenon of convergence, by which international water law borrows from (and contributes to) other fields of international law; and the emergence of the UN Sustainable Development Goals as a global driver for implementation of a universally accepted sustainable development framework for shared international water resources.Key Features: Summarises established practices in the field of transboundary water cooperation Deftly explores the evolving objectives of international water law and the key drivers affecting these changes Highlights procedural engagement and institutional cooperation as an integral requirement of international water law Examines the necessity of related fields of international law when managing shared international water resources This authoritative Advanced Introduction will be a crucial read for legal scholars and students working in the fields of international water; environmental, climate and natural resources law; environmental politics; international relations; water resources management and development studies. It will also benefit governmental and intergovernmental officials employed by relevant national ministries and international organisations.Trade Review‘Owen McIntyre's book provides a detailed analysis of the evolution of international water law over the past decades, illuminating the complexities surrounding the management and protection of water resources. It represents a valuable guide for academics and practitioners interested in international water law and the sustainable governance of shared natural resources.’ -- Mara Tignino, University of Geneva, Switzerland‘By providing an artful and comprehensive introduction to an area of international law that is only likely to become more critical in the years to come, Advanced Introduction to International Water Law is a valuable contribution. Professor Owen McIntyre, a leading authority in this area, is to be commended for providing such an accessible account of this fast-evolving area of international law.’ -- Alistair Rieu-Clarke, Northumbria University, UK‘In his typical eloquent style Professor McIntyre provides an accessible introduction to international water law. The book presents the latest trends in this field and explores the important questions of equity, fragmentation and convergence. For anyone interested in international water law and how it fits into the broader development context and contributes to the achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals, this is the book to read.’ -- Christina Leb, The World Bank

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Book SynopsisElgar Advanced Introductions are stimulating and thoughtful introductions to major fields in the social sciences, business and law, expertly written by the world’s leading scholars. Designed to be accessible yet rigorous, they offer concise and lucid surveys of the substantive policy issues associated with discrete subject areas.This Advanced Introduction to International Water Law provides an overview of the key international rules, principles and institutions involved in the use and protection of shared international freshwater resources.Incisive and comprehensive, this book explores the core principles and key developments in international water law. Chapters examine the emergence of the ecosystem approach to transboundary water management; the phenomenon of convergence, by which international water law borrows from (and contributes to) other fields of international law; and the emergence of the UN Sustainable Development Goals as a global driver for implementation of a universally accepted sustainable development framework for shared international water resources.Key Features: Summarises established practices in the field of transboundary water cooperation Deftly explores the evolving objectives of international water law and the key drivers affecting these changes Highlights procedural engagement and institutional cooperation as an integral requirement of international water law Examines the necessity of related fields of international law when managing shared international water resources This authoritative Advanced Introduction will be a crucial read for legal scholars and students working in the fields of international water; environmental, climate and natural resources law; environmental politics; international relations; water resources management and development studies. It will also benefit governmental and intergovernmental officials employed by relevant national ministries and international organisations.Trade Review‘Owen McIntyre's book provides a detailed analysis of the evolution of international water law over the past decades, illuminating the complexities surrounding the management and protection of water resources. It represents a valuable guide for academics and practitioners interested in international water law and the sustainable governance of shared natural resources.’ -- Mara Tignino, University of Geneva, Switzerland‘By providing an artful and comprehensive introduction to an area of international law that is only likely to become more critical in the years to come, Advanced Introduction to International Water Law is a valuable contribution. Professor Owen McIntyre, a leading authority in this area, is to be commended for providing such an accessible account of this fast-evolving area of international law.’ -- Alistair Rieu-Clarke, Northumbria University, UK‘In his typical eloquent style Professor McIntyre provides an accessible introduction to international water law. The book presents the latest trends in this field and explores the important questions of equity, fragmentation and convergence. For anyone interested in international water law and how it fits into the broader development context and contributes to the achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals, this is the book to read.’ -- Christina Leb, The World Bank

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Book SynopsisThis incisive book examines the interaction between international climate law and international trade law for the promotion of renewable energy. Alessandro Monti utilizes the emerging principle of mutual supportiveness to inform and guide his analysis of the specific interactions between climate and trade law in the renewable energy sector.The book makes a meaningful contribution to the literature within public international law, engaging with scholarly discourse on the fragmentation of international law and providing an in-depth analysis of the theoretical context against which the principle of mutual supportiveness is emerging. Chapters examine the WTO jurisprudence on renewable energy subsidies, propose specific solutions to improve the alignment between climate and trade law, and build a case for the development of climate-friendly trade policies. Taking account of the multifaceted interactions between international climate and trade law, Monti highlights the implications of trade disputes on renewable energy and the promotion of climate objectives.Addressing the specialized legal regimes of both climate and trade law, Promoting Renewable Energy will prove a valuable resource to students and scholars of environmental, trade, and energy law. International policy officers, legal practitioners and NGOs working on climate, trade and energy policies will also benefit from its examination of relevant legal frameworks.Trade Review‘Alessandro Monti’s Promoting Renewable Energy takes us to the center of the battle to address climate change – the policy push to establish a renewable energy economy. With deep insight and careful analysis of how international trade law intersects with the global climate change regime, Professor Monti lays out a principle of “mutual supportiveness” that might reduce trade disputes related to clean energy and pave the way for success in achieving net-zero greenhouse gas emissions by 2050. Essential reading for trade and climate change policymakers, lawyers, scholars, and all those who care about a sustainable future.’ -- Dan Esty, Yale University, US‘The transition to net zero requires action from all sorts of international institutions, including international trade law. Alessandro Monti’s timely account of trade law’s role in promoting renewable energy offers a rich analysis of the extent to which climate and trade rules can be considered mutually supportive, and offers clear suggestions for reform.’ -- Harro van Asselt, University of Eastern Finland Law School, FinlandTable of ContentsContents: 1. Introduction to Promoting Renewable Energy: The Mutual Supportiveness of Climate and Trade Law 2. Regime interaction and the emerging principle of mutual supportiveness 3. International climate and trade law: mapping the regimes 4. The promotion of renewable energy in climate and trade law 5. International trade disputes on discriminatory renewable energy subsidies 6. International trade disputes on unilateral trade remedies 7. Enhancing mutual supportiveness in international trade agreements: opportunities and challenges 8. Conclusions References. Index

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Book SynopsisA Research Agenda for International Energy Law offers a novel exploration into the future direction of research in international energy law, highlighting contemporary themes such as competition for investments, and fair and equitable access to energy.

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Book SynopsisGreenhouse gas concentrations are rapidly increasing and pathways to limit global warming require fundamental economic transitions. Green Deals in the Making addresses the challenges and opportunities associated with the implementation of Green Deals, in particular the use of market-based instruments.Expert contributors shed light on the complexities arising for the implementation of Green Deals in times of the context of the ongoing Covid-19 pandemic, which puts considerable strains on national economies. Chapters present theory and empirical analysis of green pricing instruments and national experiences, assessing the critical issue of finance and recycling carbon tax revenue. The book concludes with an analysis of key issues relating to circular economy considerations and plastics in achieving Green Deal goals. A critical analysis of important topics is presented including green fiscal reform, carbon taxation and sustainable urbanism.This timely book will be of great interest to researchers, students and scholars interested in environmental policy, tax and law, as well as the industry sector, policy makers and government officials.Trade Review‘This volume of Critical Issues in Environmental Taxation collects some very instructive chapters highlighting the opportunities for implementing Green Deals. The authors cover a wide aspect of the prevailing challenges by analysing national experiences from all over the world. A special focus is given to different market-based instrument schemes applied in Europe.’ -- Stefan Ulrich Speck, European Environment Agency, DenmarkTable of ContentsContents: Preface xi PART I GREEN DEALS AND COVID-19 RECOVERY 1 Environmental taxation from a European Union perspective, after the Covid-19 crisis 2 Alberto Comelli 2 Environmental and energy taxation in the context of the EU Green Deal and the recovery plan: the case of Spain 14 Álvaro Antón Antón PART II GREEN DEALS – CARBON PRICING INSTRUMENTS AND EXPERIENCES 3 Abatement in the EU ETS – evidence from Austria 29 Claudia Kettner and Daniela Kletzan-Slamanig 4 Implementing green deals in developing countries: the case of the Mexican pilot emissions trading scheme 46 Bahareh Ghafouri, Joseph Dellatte and Sven Rudolph 5 Environmental neutrality: redesigning EU VAT neutrality to support the implementation of the European Green Deal 62 Francesco Cannas and Matteo Fermeglia 6 Possibilities for a green fiscal reform in Brazil 80 Maria Carolina Maldonado Mendonça Kraljevic 7 A review of recent experiences with carbon taxation and revenue recycling – lessons for implementation in Eastern European countries 96 Mikael Skou Andersen 8 Sustainable urbanism, land value taxation and green deals 112 Paulo Carvalho PART III FINANCING GREEN DEALS 9 Green finance: contribution to climate policy, supporting factors and barriers 127 Daniela Kletzan-Slamanig and Angela Köppl 10 Greening South Africa’s economy through carbon tax revenue recycling 141 Ashley Baldwin and Lee-Ann Steenkamp PART IV GREEN DEALS: CIRCULAR ECONOMY AND PLASTICS 11 An analysis of the Brazilian experience of plastic recycling taxation 158 Lucas N. Holanda 12 Plastic free but no free trade? 170 Rodolfo Salassa Boix 13 Are plastic taxes environmental or fiscal measures? A legal analysis of the Italian and Spanish cases under the circular economy strategy 185 Marta Villaz Ezcurra and Marina Bisogno Index

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Book SynopsisThis Research Handbook offers crucial ethical perspectives on navigating the increasingly complex and contested landscape of contemporary energy law. Taking an interdisciplinary approach, it brings together diverse scholarship and expertise from academia, international organizations, legal practice and the judiciary to address wide-ranging issues linking energy and law to ethical drivers such as wealth, peace and war, development, climate change, and use and abuse of natural resources.The Handbook investigates first the governing dynamics of energy, law and ethics, providing a conceptual overview of key topics. It then examines the ethics of financing energy projects, renewable energy transition and climate change mitigation. The final part is a case study of energy, law and ethics in practice. Throughout, the Handbook draws on the vital underlying theme of intergenerational equity, offering a toolbox of arguments for framing the law and policies that will shape the future of the planet.The Research Handbook on Energy, Law and Ethics will be an essential resource for scholars and practitioners working in all areas of energy law, particularly its intersections with climate change, renewable energy transition and environmental justice. Negotiators and policymakers will also find its delineation of current debates and reference to practical experience invaluable.Table of ContentsContents: Foreword: In search of radical hope xi Acknowledgements xiii Introduction to Research Handbook on Energy, Law and Ethics 1 Malik R. Dahlan, Rosa M. Lastra and Gustavo Rochette PART I GOVERNING DYNAMICS OF ENERGY, LAW AND ETHICS 1 The decade of the energy transition 8 Howard Covington 2 Distributive justice and the global governance of energy 15 Arthur Feitosa and Jorge E. Viñuales 3 Moral drivers and lenses: Policy, economy, faith and climate change 28 Michael G. Pollitt 4 Energy between justice and ethics: A re-classification of theoretical lenses for a forward-looking epistemology 43 Malik R. Dahlan and Gustavo Rochette 5 Energy law and geopolitics: Oil and the struggle for the Middle East 59 Malik R. Dahlan 6 Climate change and ethics 96 James Dallas 7 The emergence of ethics in global climate litigation 110 Michael B. Gerrard PART II ETHICS, FINANCE AND INVESTMENT 8 Introductory comments: Ethical finance? 124 Rosa M. Lastra and Michael Tsang 9 Finance and development: Net-zero aligned environmental, social and governance standards 140 Simona Marinescu 10 How international financial institutions help deliver the sustainable development goals 153 Marie-Anne Birken and Katherine Meighan 11 Sovereign wealth funds and ethical investment: The case of Norway 162 Rosa M. Lastra, Tom Fearnley and Lucia Satragno 12 The Equator Principles and standards applicable to the financing of energy sector projects 194 John L. Taylor and Theodora A. Christou 13 Knowledge sharing as ethics of development: The Asian Development Bank as a case study 207 Daniele Quaggiotto 14 Energy investment redefined: Will ethics become a criterion? 221 Norah Gallagher PART III ENERGY, LAW AND ETHICS IN TRANSITION 15 Ethical drivers and challenges of energy efficiency law 243 Gabriela Prata Dias 16 The law of gravitas: The energy transition, renewable energy and ethics 256 Tedd Moya Mose 17 Ethical drivers for the renewable energy transition 266 Uma Outka 18 The ethical contribution of the EU’s ESG disclosure regime 280 Silke Goldberg and Jannis Bille 19 China’s energy in transition: Ethical considerations in the energy policies and legislation for the 21st century 293 Libin Zhang 20 Ethical issues associated with multi-customer microgrids 308 Richard T. Stuebi 21 Is there a human right to energy? 319 Estela B. Sacristán 22 Governing water ethically – A shifting waterscape 338 Erum Sattar 23 Ethics, energy technology transfer and international law 407 Victoria Sutton PART IV ENERGY, LAW AND ETHICS POLICY IN PRACTICE 24 The Scotia Process Report 423 Gustavo Rochette and Krystel von Kumberg 25 Statement of Urgency addressed to the United Nations Secretary-General declaring an international diplomatic emergency on climate 478 Scotia Group Inception Commission 26 Climate20+ – Pathways to success at COP26: an unprecedented challenge, requiring an urgent G20 climate diplomatic agenda 483 Scotia Group Inception Commission 27 A proposal to achieve a Glasgow Agreement: Core Commitments for states on climate action to reach net zero by 2050 488 Scotia Group Inception Commission 28 Policy Proposal 2 – Guiding propositions on binding climate commitments 494 Howard Covington 29 Policy Proposal 3 – Community action 495 Andrew Kerr 30 Policy Proposal 4 – Engaging the young 497 James Wright 31 Policy Proposal 5 – Framework climate laws 500 Maria-Krystyna Duval 32 Policy Proposal 6: Greening dispute resolution 502 Wolf von Kumberg and Annette Magnusson 33 Policy Proposal 7 – Communications 508 Katherine Stewart 34 Policy Proposal 8 – The Model Statute for proceedings challenging government failure to act on climate change 510 International Bar Association PART V EPILOGUE The Scotia Communique: An Intergenerational Contract 514 Delivered by Her Majesty Queen Noor of Jordan Index 517

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Book SynopsisContaining an in-depth study of the emerging theory and core concepts of ecological law, this book insightfully proposes a 'lens of ecological law' through which the disparity between current laws and ecological law can be assessed. The lens consists of three principles: ecocentrism, ecological primacy and ecological justice. These principles are used within the book to explore and analyse the challenges and opportunities related to the transition to ecological law and to examine three key mining case studies. This thought-provoking book argues that ecological law should develop a needs-based approach to mining coupled with an ecological integrity standard in support of the effort to build a convivial and ecologically just society. This book's innovative approach treats ecological law as an emerging discipline by summarizing and discussing key aspects of its theory, including its foundations in science and critiques of economic growth; the core ideas from its foundational scholars; how to define it; and how it relates to Indigenous legal traditions and green legal theory. The Lens of Ecological Law will appeal to scholars and students in the fields of environmental and ecological law, sustainability and natural resources, whilst also being of interest to readers concerned with extractivism.Trade Review'Carla Sbert's book, The Lens of Ecological Law, is a foundational text for the emerging field of ecological law and governance. Not only is it the first book to offer an expansive overview and analysis of the principles of ecological law, but it applies those principles to one of the most pertinent industries to existing environmental law - the extractive industry. This book is crucial reading for academics and practitioners that seek to address the systemic and institutional flaws of existing environmental law, and their search towards a more responsive, sustainable, and just system of governance that better protects our interconnected, interdependent world.' --Kathryn Gwiazdon, Center for Environmental Ethics and Law, US'''Ecological law'' reframes ''environmental law'' and this book shows its theoretical and practical superiority. Through the lens of ecological law, we can clearly see why traditional environmental laws have failed and how domestic and international law must be advanced to protect and restore the integrity of ecological systems, for example, in the context of mining. The book is an impressive testimony to the fact that a just, sustainable society is possible and, crucially, how it can be achieved.' --Klaus Bosselmann, University of Auckland, New ZealandTable of ContentsContents: 1. Introduction: How Far to Ecological Law? A Look at Mining through the Lens of Ecological Law Part 1 – The Emerging Theory of Ecological Law 2. Underpinnings of Ecological Law 3. Converging Proposals for a New Approach: Selected Foundational Scholarship on Ecological Law 4. Defining Ecological Law 5. The Ecological Law Paradigm Shift 6. Ecological Law and Indigenous Legal Traditions 7. Ecological Law and Green Legal Theory Part II – The Lens of Ecological Law 8. What Qualifies as a Principle of Ecological Law for Purposes of the Lens of Ecological Law? 9. The Lens of Ecological Law: Three Core Principles Part III – Mining Case Studies through the Lens of Ecological Law 10. Introduction to Case Studies 11. El Salvador’s Metal Mining Ban through the Lens of Ecological Law 12. Mining in Canada’s Ring of Fire through the Lens of Ecological Law 13. Mining, Rights of Nature and Suma Qamaña/Vivir Bien in Bolivia through the Lens of Ecological Law 14. Conclusion Index

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Book SynopsisThe North Sea System for Petroleum Production unpacks the variation in state intervention in offshore petroleum activities on the British and Norwegian continental shelves. This astute book also examines the causes of various policy convergences and divergences.

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Book SynopsisOffering a unique and critical perspective on energy justice, this Handbook delves into an emerging field of inquiry encapsulating multiple strands of scholarship on energy systems. Covering key topics including generation, transmission, distribution and demand, it explores fundamental questions surrounding policy, climate change, security and social movements.The Handbook illuminates the rapidly expanding and diversifying scholarly domains where energy justice has developed to date. Chapters provide an overview on energy justice issues across a range of socio-technical and political contexts, including differences along lines of race, gender, age, geography, housing, socio-economic status and infrastructure. The Handbook further incorporates non-Western perspectives to expand the transitional vocabulary and frameworks of energy justice.Grounded in empirically rich case studies from across the world to support nuanced framings, situated methods and informed policy, this Handbook will be of interest to students of development, human geography, environmental policy and politics. It will also be useful to practitioners working in international organisations and agencies working in development and the environment.Trade Review'The Handbook on Energy Justice offers a rich collection that both consolidates the field and pushes its boundaries in new and interesting ways, drawing together multiple and divergent accounts of the possibilities and challenges of energy justice as a concept and call to action. A much-needed compass for our challenging times.’ -- Harriet Bulkeley, Durham University, UKTable of ContentsContents: Introduction to the Handbook on Energy Justice 1 Sara Fuller and Stefan Bouzarovski 1 Whole-systems energy justice 13 Adolfo Mejía-Montero and Kirsten E. H. Jenkins 2 Transport and energy justice 25 Karen Lucas and Muhammed Adeel 3 Energy justice and flexibility 40 Michael Fell, Gareth Powells, Charlotte Johnson, Juan Pablo Cárdenas Álvarez, Juan Manuel España Forero and Santiago Ortega Arango 4 Energy justice and health 65 Kimberley O’Sullivan 5 Energy justice and development 79 Joshua Kirshner and Jessica Omukuti 6 Rural energy justice 94 Conor Harrison and Shelley Welton 7 Energy justice and housing 112 Sergio Tirado Herrero 8 Tracing the roots of energy justice in action: environmental justice, climate justice, and the New York Climate Leadership and Community Protection Act 131 Raya Salter 9 Combating power imbalance and arbitrariness through procedural energy justice 144 Roman Sidortsov and Corey Katz 10 Quantifying energy justice 158 Benjamin C. McLellan and Andrew J. Chapman 11 Policy barriers and the dynamics of energy justice 175 Iain Todd 12 Energy justice and gender 188 Caitlin Robinson, Neil Simcock and Saska Petrova 13 Energy justice across the life-course 201 Gordon Waitt 14 Energy justice, modernity and transitions: more-than-modern energy for all in the Global South 213 Paul Munro 15 The right to energy: Learning from struggles for food, water, and rights to nature 226 Tristan Partridge 16 Towards more pluralistic energy justice frameworks 240 Sandra Jazmin Barragán-Contreras 17 Energy justice as a new communal project? Community energy systems and the energy access gap 253 Vanesa Castán Broto and Enora Robin 18 Energy justice in Southwest Iran: mitigating the socio-economic and environmental impacts of the fossil fuel sector and building the principles of community-guided development 269 Farzaneh Khayat and Lemir Teron 19 Ensuring the just in just transition: making the case for a community-level perspective 290 Liv Yoon 20 Energy democracy and energy justice in conversation: interconnections, divergences and ways forward 303 Julie L. MacArthur, Cathrine Dyer and Derya Tarhan Afterword 319 Kieran Pradeep Index

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Book SynopsisIn this timely book, Sven Rudolph and Elena Aydos take an interdisciplinary approach that combines sustainability economics, political economy and legal concepts to answer two fundamental questions: How can carbon markets be designed to be effective, efficient and just at the same time? And how can the political barriers to sustainable carbon markets be overcome?The first part of the book develops an innovative and robust Sustainable Model Rule for evaluating carbon market design, which is demonstrated in practice through chapters assessing the vast majority of real-life emissions trading schemes (ETS) from around the world. In the second part, the focus shifts to political feasibility, providing a political economy framework for evaluating ETS. The authors examine empirical data from case studies in several countries, and identify strategies and policy windows for implementing truly sustainable ETS.The cutting-edge tools outlined in this book for conducting assessments of carbon market design and feasibility will be invaluable for climate policy practitioners and environmental lawyers at national and international levels. The book will also be an important resource for policy makers, think tanks and stakeholders, as well as for scholars and students in environmental economics and climate change law and policy.Trade Review‘The book co-authored by Sven Rudoph and Elena Aydos navigates a complex landscape of global carbon markets and delivers a timely and truly remarkable analysis of the world’s leading emissions trading schemes.’ -- Agnieszka Ason, Oil, Gas & Energy Law Intelligence‘This book is a comprehensive comparative study of emissions trading schemes (ETSs), one of the most important “carbon pricing” instruments today. Its broad coverage of the world's major carbon markets is the most attractive feature of this book. Taking a political economy approach, it explains why ETSs were introduced, how they came to be in their current form, and gives their future perspectives. It will provide readers with an up-to-date understanding of the state of the world's carbon markets, and guidance for future climate policies.’ -- Toru Morotomi, Kyoto University, Japan‘The Paris Agreement helped to put climate change firmly on the agenda of policy makers. Emissions trading is the policy maker’s weapon of choice and proliferating quickly around the globe. This excellent book is the first that puts most if not all systems under ruthless scrutiny and holds them against an objective benchmark of a sustainable model rule that also evaluates social justice. The book relies on the potent public choice methodology to evaluate the critical success factors for a sustainable instrument design. The book comes at a critical moment, when the international community only has a decade to make or break the Paris objectives of limiting global warming to 1.5 ?C degrees. A must read for any policy maker, climate activist and academic interested in and concerned about our common future!’ -- Stefan E. Weishaar, University of Groningen, the NetherlandsTable of ContentsContents: 1. ETS, sustainability and political economy 2. Sustainable ETS design 3. ETS design in practice: European Union 4. ETS design in practice: North America 5. ETS design in practice: Oceania 6. ETS design in practice: Northeast Asia 7. Lessons learned from the implementation of ETS 8. Political feasibility of ETS 9. ETS politics: Germany 10. ETS politics: Australia 11. ETS politics: Japan 12. Lessons learned from the political economy of ETS 13. Final remarks Bibliography Index

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Book SynopsisWhat happens when electric utility monopolies pursue their acquisition interests undisciplined by competition, and insufficiently disciplined by the regulators responsible for replicating competition? Since the mid-1980s, mergers and acquisitions of U.S. electric utilities have halved the number of local, independent utilities. Mostly debt-financed, these transactions have converted retiree-suitable investments into subsidiaries of geographically scattered conglomerates. Written by one of the U.S.'s leading regulatory thinkers--a litigating attorney, regulatory advisor, expert witness and law professor--this book combines legal, accounting, economic and financial analysis with insights from the dynamic field of behavioral economics. With a clear assessment of the 30-year march of U.S. electricity mergers, the author describes the economic losses that result when merger promoters and their transactions face neither the discipline of competition nor the rigors of regulation. This work is essential reading for regulatory practitioners, consumer advocates and investment advisors--as well as citizens concerned with concentration of economic power. The principles explored are relevant anywhere regulated utility monopolies have the legal right to merge, acquire or be acquired.Trade Review'Scott Hempling's important new book challenges us to think differently about purchases, sales, and mergers of electric utilities. Drawing on his vast understanding of this industry, he argues that utility franchises are public privileges intended to serve consumers but have become commodities batted around by private financial interests. He explains how this has come about, with what effects, and what now needs to be done to fix it. This book is a must-read for all who care-and should care-about the private exploitation of public interests.' --ohn Kwoka, Finnegan Distinguished Professor of Economics, Northeastern University, US'Scott Hempling does what few in the utility regulatory sphere do. He challenges the regulator to deeply and fundamentally evaluate the public policy that underpins their decision making. Here he has chosen one of the most important areas of regulation to issue that challenge-utility mergers. As this carefully researched and meticulously documented analysis is widely read by current and future commissioners it will, no doubt, transform that process for the good of all consumers.' --Jon Wellinghoff, CEO of GridPolicy, Inc. and former Chairman, Federal Energy Regulatory Commission, USTable of ContentsContents: Part I The transactions: Sales of public franchises for private gain, undisciplined by competition, producing a concentrated, complicated industry no one intended 1. Diverse strategies, common purpose: selling public franchises for private gain 2. Missing from utility merger markets: competitive discipline 3. The structural result: concentration and complication no one intended Part II The harms: Economic waste, misallocation of gain, competitive distortion, customer risks and costs 4. Suboptimal couplings cause economic waste 5. Merging parties divert franchise value from the customers who created it 6. Mergers can distort competition: market power, anticompetitive conduct and unearned advantage 7. Hierarchical conflict harms customers Part III Regulatory lapses: Visionlessness, reactivity, deference 8. Regulators' unreadiness: checklists instead of visions 9. Promoters' strategy: frame mergers as simple, positive, inevitable 10. How do regulators respond? By ceding leadership, underestimating negatives and accepting minor positives 11. Explanations: passion gaps and mental shortcuts Part IV Solutions: Regulatory posture, practices and infrastructure 12. Regulatory posture and practice: less instinct, more analysis; less reactivity, more preparation 13. Regulatory infrastructure: strengthen regulatory resources, clarify statutory powers, assess mergers’ effects References Index

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Book SynopsisAs numerous jurisdictions implement emissions mitigation mechanisms that put a price on carbon, this incisive book explores the emerging emissions markets and their diverse and fragmented nature. It proposes an innovative model for connecting such markets, offering a significantly more successful and expeditious achievement of climate policy objectives. Justin D. Macinante proposes distributed ledger technology to foster fluid markets that price carbon emissions more effectively, achieve greater scale and efficiency, and are less susceptible to manipulation. He investigates the applicable regulatory frameworks, technology design issues and governance structures for the model proposed for networking emissions trading schemes within the context of the Paris Agreement. Providing a plausible and viable mechanism to achieve desired policy outcomes with economic, political and environmental benefits, Effective Global Carbon Markets will be a key resource for practitioners, policy makers and consultants alike, as well as being of value to scholars and students engaged with environmental and energy law, climate change and environmental economics.Trade Review'This is a ground-breaking book. It offers a wonderful combination of cutting-edge research with practical engagement on a profound question in climate change policy: how in reality to foster international carbon pricing. It starts from the right premise, of inevitably different systems emerging from governments around the world - and shows how modern information technology could be applied to solve the practical and political conundrum of how they could then be linked.' --Michael Grubb, University College London, UK'Blockchain has become a buzzword of late, including in the realm of climate policy. Its appeal stems as much from a vague promise to revolutionize complex processes as from the fact that it is often barely understood. Not so in this new book by Justin Macinante: as one of the very few experts who combine practical experience in carbon trading with critical analysis of distributed ledger technology, he offers a bold vision for the future of market-based climate cooperation that is backed up by unparalleled technical detail. A pioneering treatise that will set the standard for all future work on the topic.' --Michael Mehling, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, US'Carbon markets, where properly designed and adopted, have proved an effective mechanism to address climate change. However, with the exception of certain mechanisms under the Kyoto Protocol, their implementation has tended to be largely fragmented. Macinante provides an effective pathway for linking global carbon markets, reminding us that ultimately such markets, and their role in addressing climate change, should be seen as a central part of our global financial system.' --Martijn Wilder, Founding Partner, Pollination GroupTable of ContentsContents: PART I Introductory matters and background 1. Introduction to effective global carbon markets 2. Background: the problem of and response to climate change PART II The carbon market from three perspectives 3. Compartmentalisation of the carbon market 4. The nature of what is traded in the carbon market 5. Carbon market diversity and reasons to connect PART III 6. The networked market on distributed ledger technology – concept and theory 7. Practical implementation of the proposed networked market PART IV Analysis of the proposal 8. Governance structure for the networked market 9. Analysis of the networked market – legal issues PART V Concluding matters 10. Conclusions on effective global carbon markets Index

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Book SynopsisThis highly topical collection, edited by two accomplished academics, explores how environmental science and energy policy relate to international politics and policy. This complex and essentially interdisciplinary subject has been the core about which academics have fiercely debated and, as yet, unsuccessfully reached satisfactory negotiations. The editors interpret the politics of climate change as being driven less by scientific understanding than by disguised interests and deeply believed norms. The carefully selected papers in this volume both analyse and advocate policies that claim to be directed towards ?combating man-made global warming? and hence ‘?save the planet?’.Trade Review‘The erudite account provided by the volume paints a vivid picture of the growing role that the environment plays in the study of international politics. In this respect, the essays included in this collection would be of relevance not only to scholars and students of international relations, but also to those interested in environmental history, comparative politics, and international political economy.’ -- CEU Political Science Journal‘Through a collection of groundbreaking articles, Aynsley Kellow and Sonja Boehmer-Christiansen reveal the full complexity of the global politics of climate change. The focus on science, norms, negotiations, and future prospects provides valuable insights into avoiding potential pitfalls and finding provocative pathways for governing climate change.’ -- Peter Dauvergne, University of British Columbia, CanadaTable of ContentsContents: Acknowledgements Preface Aynsley Kellow and Sonja Boehmer-Christiansen Introduction The International Politics of Climate Change: Learning from Failure of Failing to Learn? Aynsley Kellow and Sonja Boehmer-Christiansen PART I THE PLACE OF SCIENCE 1. Brian Martin (1988), ‘Nuclear Winter: Science and Politics’ 2. Peter M. Haas (1990), ‘Obtaining International Environmental Protection Through Epistemic Consensus’ 3. Raino Malnes (2006), ‘Imperfect Science’ 4. Roger A. Pielke Jr. (2005), ‘Misdefining “Climate Change”: Consequences for Science and Action’ 5. James Hansen, Makiko Sato, Reto Ruedy, Andrew Lacis and Valdar Oinas (2000), ‘Global Warming in the Twenty-First Century: An Alternative Scenario’ 6. R.A. Pielke Jr. (1998), ‘Rethinking the Role of Adaptation in Climate Policy’ 7. Sonja Boehmer-Christiansen (1997), ‘A Winning Coalition of Advocacy: Climate Research, Bureaucracy and “Alternative” Fuels. Who is Driving Climate Change Policy?’ PART II THE POWER OF NORMS 8. Michael Grubb (1995), ‘Seeking Fair Weather: Ethics and the International Debate on Climate Change’ 9. Ian H. Rowlands (1997), ‘International Fairness and Justice in Addressing Global Climate Change’ 10. Deepak Lal (1995), ‘Eco-Fundamentalism’ PART III INTERESTS AND THEIR REPRESENTATION 11. S.A. Boehmer-Christiansen, D. Merten, J. Meissner and D. Ufer (1993), ‘Ecological Restructuring or Environment Friendly Deindustrialization: The Fate of the East German Energy Sector and Society Since 1990’ 12. Aynsley Kellow (1999), ‘Australia in the Greenhouse: Science, Norms and Interests in the Kyoto Protocol’ 13. Sevasti-Eleni Vezirgiannidou (2008), ‘The Kyoto Agreement and the Pursuit of Relative Gains’ 14. Michael T. Hatch (1995), ‘The Politics of Global Warming in Germany’ 15. David L. Levy and Daniel Egan (1998), ‘Capital Contests: National and Transnational Channels of Corporate Influence on the Climate Change Negotiations’ 16. Scott Barrett (1998), ‘Political Economy of the Kyoto Protocol’ PART IV PERSPECTIVES ON NEGOTIATIONS 17. Oran R. Young (1989), ‘The Politics of International Regime Formation: Managing Natural Resources and the Environment’ 18. Hugh Ward, Frank Grundig and Ethan R. Zorick (2001), ‘Marching at the Pace of the Slowest: A Model of International Climate-Change Negotiations’ 19. Marvin S. Soroos (2001), ‘Global Climate Change and the Futility of the Kyoto Process’ 20. Cass R. Sunstein (2007), ‘Of Montreal and Kyoto: A Tale of Two Protocols’ 21. David G. Victor (2006), ‘Toward Effective International Cooperation on Climate Change: Numbers, Interests and Institutions’ PART V CRITICAL ASSESSMENTS 22. Bruce Yandle and Stuart Buck (2002), ‘Bootleggers, Baptists, and the Global Warming Battle’ 23. Dieter Helm (2008), ‘Climate-change Policy: Why Has So Little Been Achieved?’ 24. Scott Barrett (2008), ‘Climate Treaties and the Imperative of Enforcement’ PART VI PROSPECTS 25. Joanna Depledge (2006), ‘The Opposite of Learning: Ossification in the Climate Change Regime’ 26. Aynsley Kellow (2008), ‘Lessons Not Learned in Environmental Governance: International Climate Policy Beyond Kyoto’27. Jake Schmidt, Ned Helme, Jin Lee and Mark Houdashelt (2008), ‘Sector-based Approach to the Post-2012 Climate Change Policy Architecture’ 28. David G. Victor, Joshua C. House and Sarah Joy (2005), ‘A Madisonian Approach to Climate Policy’

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Book SynopsisMany businesses profess to be voluntarily taking steps to protect the environment, and going beyond compliance with environmental regulations to do so. Kurt Strasser evaluates these claims in this timely and cutting-edge inquiry.The author begins by analyzing whether firms with business environmentalism programs have better environmental performance records than others. He finds that the record is mixed and complex. Yet these kinds of programs are important, he argues, even if to date they have been only partially successful. He goes on to explore what policies should be adopted to promote and channel business environmentalism. The book concludes with a case study of the business community s efforts to mitigate climate change.A nuanced look at an issue of growing concern, this volume will be of great value to anyone concerned with corporate social responsibility, whether it be from a law, business, NGO or government perspective.Contents: Preface 1. Introduction 2. Business Environmentalism: What are Companies Doing and How is it Working? 3. Why Business Environmentalism is Important to Environmental Policy 4. New Governance Theory and Business Environmentalism 5. Supporting Environmental Management Systems with Regulatory Rewards 6. Regulating Information About Business Environmentalism 7. Business Environmentalism and Climate Change the Elephant in the Room 8. Conclusion Bibliography IndexTable of ContentsContents: Preface 1. Introduction 2. Business Environmentalism: What are Companies Doing and How is it Working? 3. Why Business Environmentalism is Important to Environmental Policy 4. ‘New Governance’ Theory and Business Environmentalism 5. Supporting Environmental Management Systems with Regulatory Rewards 6. Regulating Information About Business Environmentalism 7. Business Environmentalism and Climate Change – the Elephant in the Room 8. Conclusion Bibliography Index

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Book SynopsisWhat should a country do if it suddenly discovers oil and gas? How should it spend the subsequent cash windfall? How can it protect against corruption? How can citizens truly benefit from national wealth? With many of the world's poorest and most fragile states suddenly joining the ranks of oil and gas producers, these are pressing policy questions.Oil to Cash explores one option that may help avoid the so-called resource curse: just give the money directly to citizens. A universal, transparent, and regular cash transfer would not only provide a concrete benefit to regular people, but would also create powerful incentives for citizens to hold their government accountable. Oil to Cash details how and where this idea could work and how policymakers can learn from the experiences with cash transfers in places like Mexico, Mongolia, and Alaska.

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Book SynopsisReliance on natural resource revenues, particularly oil, is often associated with bad governance, corruption, and poverty. Worried about the effect of oil on Alaska, Governor Jay Hammond had a simple yet revolutionary idea: let citizens have a direct stake. The Governor's Solution features his first-hand account that describes, with brutal honesty and piercing humour, the birth of the Alaska Permanent Fund dividend, which has been paid to each resident every year since 1982. Thirty years later, Hammond's vision is still influencing oil policies throughout the world.This reader, part of the Center for Global Development's Oil-to-Cash initiative, includes recent scholarly work examining Alaska's experience and how other oil-rich societies, particularly Iraq, might apply some of the lessons. It is as a powerful reminder that the combination of new ideas and determined individuals can make a tremendous difference —even in issues as seemingly complex and intractable as fighting the oil curse.

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Book SynopsisThis book was originally published by Claeys and Casteels, now formally part of Edward Elgar Publishing. Energy has always been a potential positive European cooperation and integration factor. Providing zero-carbon power to homes and businesses across the EU will require an open market in electricity, underpinned by both upgraded and new trans-national transmission networks. Building this network in time to meet the 2050 challenge will require action now. Supergrid will allow Europe to transform its present energy system, still mainly based on fossil fuels, to one that is sustainable since it will not only be able to optimise all generation (energy mixes) of the Member States but will also be able to integrate all renewable energy sources that Europe wishes to exploit. This book will show that the above could be implemented today if there was the political will do so followed by the implementation of the necessary regulatory instruments. The different chapters will lead us through the period when the idea of a European Supergrid was just a vision to the reality of the technological developments that make it possible to have such a transformed energy system in the near future. Europe can afford a transformed energy system. Investing in all these new technologies that can limit global warming to 2°C has, of course, a cost but the cost of doing nothing would be much higher and not only in terms of money.

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Book SynopsisGas represents a pivotal element of the European energy architecture. New elements such as the evolution of the EU Energy Union, the international climate agreement reached at COP-21, the EU-Russia gas relations in the aftermath of the Ukraine crisis and the supply potential emerging in the Eastern Mediterranean, are rapidly reshaping the European gas markets. This book seeks to provide an insight into these developments, with the ultimate aim of contributing to the current European gas debate. The book provides a balancing act between two issues—decarbonisation of the European energy system, and security of gas supply—that are usually conceived as different but actually represent two sides of the same coin.

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Book SynopsisThis book was originally published by Claeys and Casteels, now formally part of Edward Elgar Publishing. Recent developments both in Turkey and its immediate neighbourhood have brought into sharp focus Turkey’s pivotal role in a region that has become increasingly challenging to the EU. These developments, for example, have prompted Ankara to declare more of an independent course of action both domestically and regionally and hasten into a détente with Russia. As a result, considerations of Turkey’s European future have been eclipsed by concerns about Ankara’s preference to aspire to being an independent regional power. Along with those about Turkey’s orientation, time-honored existential questions are being raised again: Is Turkey a border, a buffer, or a bridge between the EU and the Middle East? This book moves beyond the ‘identity’ debate between Turkey and the EU, and offers a guide at this critical time for drawing lessons from a rigorous examination of divergence and convergence between the EU and Turkey in three significant policy areas. The result of a focused research project conducted by a team of international policy experts from the Central European University (Budapest) and Sabanci University (Istanbul), the studies included in this volume suggest alternative scenarios regarding how Turkey and the EU might jointly develop effective energy, transport, and competition policies, regardless of Turkey’s EU candidacy status. These studies show how geo-strategic realities ultimately require Turkey to cooperate with the EU on a number of policy issues, despite Ankara’s rhetoric to the contrary. Turkey’s role as an energy supplier to the EU has never been dropped from Ankara’s policy agenda. More recently, the Turkish government has been announcing how its investments in the third bridge across the Bosporus would help to release untapped potential of land-based trade between Europe and Asia. Regardless of the current divergence of political visions, Turkey’s policy aims, at least in the three policy areas examined, foresee coordination, if not cooperation, with the EU.

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Book SynopsisThis book was originally published by Claeys and Casteels, now formally part of Edward Elgar Publishing. This book focuses on the EU ETS, the European Union Emissions Trading Scheme, backbone of the European Union strategy to combat climate change, and its industry competitiveness implications. In the light of the discussion of the revision for the coming years, it aims to provide a toolbox of key elements to understand its functioning and to reflect on crucial improvements. Specifically, besides a general overview of the first phases of the scheme and current difficulties, the book aims to (i) deploy an energy-intensive, sector-level analysis, with both reference to academic literature (ex ante and ex post studies, paying special attention to the underlying assumptions) and stakeholders positions on the carbon leakage issue; (ii) present an overview of the existing ETS policy measures and worldwide experiences; (iii) reflect on the ongoing reform for the post-2020 period, starting from the European Commission’s proposal and entering the technical and political debate taking place within the European institutions. “The EU ETS and the European industry competitiveness” provides the reader with a full understanding of the system, presenting problems, policy options, design aspects and global insights. It aims to identify potential improvements and to draw lessons for the coming years and the future phases, assessing if the current reform is actually on track to adequately protect business competitiveness.

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Book SynopsisThe EU’s gas market is at the very centre of the energy union, and is changing faster than ever before. Indeed, the European Council has stressed repeatedly the EU’s priority of ensuring its gas security, promoting liquid and competitive gas markets across the whole of the EU. The commission has already proposed a revision to the gas security of supply regulation and negotiations are close to finalisation. Earlier this year, the Commission published an ‘LNG Strategy’. In terms of market integration, the progressive adoption of grid codes is further integrating markets, and the emergence of active trading hubs in North West Europe, is seeing the emergence of similar liquid markets throughout the EU. The EU has also been actively pursuing its aim of diversifying its sources of gas supplies, making progress in bringing the southern corridor to fruition, and is actively looking at other potential suppliers, for example in the Eastern Mediterranean. And in the competition policy field the commission has equally been active, scrutinising the behaviour in particular of companies holding dominant positions in parts of the EU. This volume, introduced by EU Energy Commissioner Miguel Arias Cañete, brings together commentary and analysis by some of the leading commission officials, lawyers, and industry figures on all of these issues, offering a comprehensive overview of the challenges faced by the EU, its response, and the future direction of EU gas policy. 'The Role of Gas in the EU's Energy Union', edited by Christopher Jones, Deputy Director-General of the Directorate General for Energy at the European Commission, is the result of collaboration between its authors to contribute to the debate in this area and to raise money for charitable causes. 100 Euros per copy will be donated to the Donna Louise Trust, a children's charitable hospice that provides comfort and assistance to children with life-limiting conditions as well as their families.

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Book SynopsisNavigating the challenges of a low carbon Europe: energy market regulation, the future of RES, and ensuring security of supply. This book provides an insight into some of the most significant issues presented at the Florence School of Regulation and Hellenic Energy Regulation Institute’s joint conference on European energy law and policy, which took place in September 2016 in Athens, Greece. The purpose of the conference was to provide a comprehensive analysis of the current status of the European and Greek energy sector, and the issues it faces, from both a legal and economic perspective. The discussions included an assessment of the low carbon challenges for Europe, examining the future of renewable energy systems and support mechanisms, electricity market design, and the current regulatory framework of the gas and electricity markets in Greece. Finally, the discussions turned to the future role of distribution system operators, both in their function as independent supervisors of the electricity market and their evolving relationship with the transmission system operators. Highlights: Provides comprehensive analysis of the current European and Greek energy sector. Includes assessment of the low carbon challenges. Future role of DSO’s. Evaluates the prospects if future energy law developments.

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Book SynopsisThis comprehensive book on the European energy transition has been written by more than 40 European leading energy- and climate experts. It reflects on the latest policy developments, as such as the Clean Energy for All Europeans Package, the Green Deal and the Climate Law. The energy transition is Europe’s flagship projects. It needs to provide sound answers to the climate and sustainability-, security of supply- and competitiveness imperatives. The energy transition corresponds to a large scale economic and cultural change. It encompasses sector coupling- linking up sectors that have ignored each other previously, like mobility and power. What is the meaning of digitalization, and how to face cyber-security risks? Can Europe deliver a 50-55% decrease in Greenhouse Gas Emissions, as is the agenda of the new von der Leyen Commission? This 2nd edition is not only updated, but also augmented with three new chapters : the first focusses on a European cross border carbon adjustment proposal (by Genevieve Pons, Pascal Lamy and Pierre Leturcq). This mechanism is a center piece in the European Green Deal and as such debated intensively. Two other chapters present the value-add and next steps for European network codes and guidelines (Alexander Dusolt, Leonardo Meeus). The book analyses the factors driving change: where are we on climate and sustainability, competitiveness and market, and security of supply? It presents the actors: what genesis of and what contemporary institutions for European energy policy, how is energy addressed by the national and by the European; what about the active customer paradigm and the many startups and business models changing, as well as NGOs? It investigates sectors: power, gas, mobility and the powerful push from digitalization.

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Book SynopsisSince the publication of the Fourth Edition in 2016 the EU's internal gas and electricity legislative framework has continued to develop quickly: * A wholes series of new Grid Codes have been adopted, including those on Capacity Allocation and ,Congestion Management, on forward capacity allocation, on electricity balancing (EB), emergency and restoration, and on electricity transmission system operation. * The Gas Directive has been amended, to bring pipelines connecting into the European system under the Internal Market rules on unbundling, regulated tariffs and third party access. The 'Electricity Market Design' package has been adopted, implementing new rules on balancing, capacity mechanisms, demand response, storage, the rights of consumers to participate in the electricity market and the powers and responsibilities of ACER. * New exemption decisions for new infrastructure; These changes mark a major evolution in the EU's Internal Market, as it pioneers the way towards a zero-carbon electricity system. The new volume continues to provide the standard industry reference work in this area, written by some of the key Commission Officials responsible for these developments, together with leading industry practitioners and academics. Highlights Leading title on the subject Written by key commission officials and practitioners Describes all new Commission initiatives on IEM A ‘must have’ for all working with and in the IEM field

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Book SynopsisAt the end of 2018 the EU agreed a wholesale overhaul of EU electricity laws with the 'Gas Market Design' package. The aim is to bring EU electricity law up to date, taking account of its aim to become completely decarbonised by 2050, and to deal with the rapidly increasing level of intermittent renewable electricity in the network. The share of electricity produced by renewable energy sources is expected to grow to more than 50% in 2030. With this in mind, the electricity market framework has been modernised to deal with intermittency, with new provisions on storage, capacity mechanisms (introducing a new emissions limit for power plants eligible to receive subsidies) and demand response. In addition, the role of consumers in the future electricity market has been re-thought, providing the right incentives for consumers to become more active and to contribute to keeping the electricity system stable, as well as new consumer rights. In order to increase the resilience of the EU electricity system, each EU country is in the future required to define Risk Preparedness plans to be ready to respond to unexpected situations, working closely with neighbouring member states. The new rules will be supported by a stronger role for the ACER Agency, which coordinates work among national energy regulators, providing additional powers and responsibilities, and thus ensuring that decisions are taken for making best use of an integrated EU energy market to the benefit of all EU citizens. This new volume, written by all the key Commission officials responsible for drafting, negotiating and now implementing this major new piece of legislation is essential reading for all those involved in the regulation and development of Europe's electricity industry.

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Book SynopsisThe energy transition is a European flagship project. The second edition of this book analyses the factors driving change, especially the Climate Agenda, the new active customer paradigm and changing attitudes, as well as businessmodel innovation and new actors emerging. It proceeds with a reality check, based on facts and figures and describes the variuous aspects of the European energy transition.

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Book SynopsisThis book examines the latest developments of the European Union’s energy policy and particularly the way security of energy supply is taken into account and handled. As one of the three objectives of the EU energy policy, security of supply emerged as a central element of the policy after the January 2009 gas crisis, and now with the consequences of the events in Fukushima. The contributions to the book are made by the most informed people on the various subjects given their professional position. It analyses the extensive developments of the concept toward energy security, the impact of the third internal market package on its reinforcement and the major role to be played by infrastructures in ensuring physically the security of supply. The book comments on the most recent and relevant instruments adopted by the European Union; in the field of oil, the so-called Oil stocks directive; and gas, the Regulation on Security of Gas Supply. In the field of electricity, it will report on the experience of the Transmission System Operators working together in the European Network (ENTSO-E) to guarantee security of supply. The external dimension of the EU energy policy will be explained in as far as it aims at security of supply. Three illustrative cases are particularly studied: the Southern gas corridor development, the January 2009 gas crisis, and the Baltic Energy Market Interconnection Plan. The relevant EU legislative texts and the recent communications of the Commission on the subject are appended, to offer the direct references of what is discussed in the various sections.

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Book SynopsisThis book was originally published by Claeys and Casteels, now formally part of Edward Elgar Publishing. What is the European energy strategy for 2050? How different is it from the 2020 energy strategy? What are the technology options and what is the policy? This book discusses the European ‘2050 Energy Roadmap to a low Carbon Economy: Energy Policy & Innovation’. The book represents the outcome of the 3rd Academic Roundtable of the Loyola de Palacio Chair at the European University Institute held in Florence on the 24th of May 2011 and it introduces the reader to the most recent thinking regarding the European transition towards a low carbon future. The views presented include those of experts of the European Commission, major industry players, and prominent academics. Besides academic articles, speeches and opinions it contains reports of the THINK Tank of DG Energy hosted in Florence.

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Book SynopsisThis book was originally published by Claeys and Casteels, now formally part of Edward Elgar Publishing. Is the EU on the right track to meet its stated objective – a true European energy security policy? Is the current architecture on which the EU gas security of supply policy is built able to deliver those responses needed in order to meet the growing risks and changing realities EU gas security faces? How should European institutions and regulation adapt and respond? What tools are available to secure gas supply? This book feeds these questions by taking stock of today's EU gas security of supply governance

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Book SynopsisThis book was originally published by Claeys and Casteels, now formally part of Edward Elgar Publishing. The purpose of this book is to propose an innovative vision on the development process of the enlarged Mediterranean region. Triangulating the Gulf Cooperation Council, North Africa and the European Union into a unique cooperation scheme, the book highlights the strong complementarity that exists between these regions in the field of renewable energy. The wide availability of Sovereign Wealth Funds' capital in the Gulf Cooperation Council, the great renewable energy potential of North Africa and the institutional support of the European Union are the three main pillars of this cooperation scheme. This triangulation would enhance not only the energy outlook of the overall Mediterranean region, but also its socio-economic development, ultimately promoting an enlarged area of cooperation, stability and peace.This book was originally published by Claeys and Casteels, now formally part of Edward Elgar Publishing. The purpose of this book is to propose an innovative vision on the development process of the enlarged Mediterranean region. Triangulating the Gulf Cooperation Council, North Africa and the European Union into a unique cooperation scheme, the book highlights the strong complementarity that exists between these regions in the field of renewable energy. The wide availability of Sovereign Wealth Funds' capital in the Gulf Cooperation Council, the great renewable energy potential of North Africa and the institutional support of the European Union are the three main pillars of this cooperation scheme. This triangulation would enhance not only the energy outlook of the overall Mediterranean region, but also its socio-economic development, ultimately promoting an enlarged area of cooperation, stability and peace.

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Book SynopsisThis publication provides guidance to States on the development, implementation, maintenance and sustainment of a national framework for managing the response to nuclear security events. Such a framework involves a structure and a set of principles and agreements around which a State can frame its nuclear security response functions, addressing the interfaces which need to exist between responding agencies to ensure effective, coordinated response. By using this Implementing Guide, a State will ensure that it has considered all relevant key issues as it develops its national framework for responding to nuclear security events.

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Book SynopsisThe management of natural resources is directly associated with climate change. On the one hand, most of the greenhouse gases released in the atmosphere originate from the production, transformation and use of natural resources such as coal, natural gas and oil. On the other hand, climate change affects natural resources such as forests and agricultural produce. These interactions illustrate the two-way relationship between climate change and the commodities sector. This paper analyses the ways in which the management of natural resources may impact climate change, and how climate change impacts the adaptation strategies of countries, industries and farmers that extract or produce primary commodities. Resource management is analysed from the perspective of a capital conversion-based model of development. One important conclusion of the paper is that integrating climate change concerns into resource management implies that some natural resources will need to be stranded in order to meet mitigation commitments compatible with the goal of limiting global warming to well below 2 degrees Celsius and pursuing efforts to limit the increase in the average value of global temperature to 1.5 degrees Celsius above pre-industrial levels.

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Book SynopsisConsiderable progress in energy efficiency in the building sector is reported in the majority of the UNECE member States, and still reaching the potential often falls short due to flawed policy frameworks, and lack of public awareness on available modern technologies and education on long-term economic and social benefits of energy efficiency improvement. This publication is prepared in response to the outlined challenges and aims to elucidate the status of implementation of energy efficiency standards in buildings and deployment of appropriate technologies, and to identify good policy practices and replicable solutions. It also proposes a set of general recommendations and priority actions arising from the analysis.

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Book SynopsisThis book was originally published by Claeys and Casteels, now formally part of Edward Elgar Publishing. Infrastructures are the backbone of any economy and energy is vital to our way of life. Electricity transmission, gas and oil pipelines, smart grids, storage of energy and later on CO2 transport are essential elements of our present and future energy systems. The energy and climate policies conducted by the European Union since 2007 have led to the Third Energy Package governing the internal electricity and gas markets, to the Directive setting the target of 20% of renewable sources of energy by 2020, to the Energy Efficiency Directive and, most recently, to the Regulation establishing the guidelines on trans-European energy infrastructures and to the new financing programme called ‘Connecting Europe Facility’ (CEF). In five years' time, national energy policies have been drastically reshaped by the EU Directives and Regulations, now based on Article 194 of the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union. It is now time to understand fully the importance of these regulatory changes and the resulting ‘Europeanisation’ of the energy policy.

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Book SynopsisThe EU has developed an increasingly ambitious energy efficiency policy. In particular, with the publication of an EU Energy Efficiency Action Plan in April 2000, the issue of efficiency has become a central concern of policy makers. The recent passage of the Energy Efficiency Directive underlines this trend: this is a piece of legislation which has the potential to profoundly influence the activity and behavior of energy suppliers, consumers, energy service companies, and others involved in the energy sector. This volume covers all areas of EU energy efficiency policy, from the objectives and strategic direction of policy at EU level, to the implications of EU policy for Member States and their energy efficiency action plans. Chapters are also devoted to exploring the implications of individual directives and regulations such as the Energy Efficiency Directive; the recast Energy Performance of Buildings Directive; the Eco Design Directive; and regulations pertaining to energy labeling of appliances. The recent Energy Efficiency Directive underlines that this is a central concern of policy makers. This volume covers all areas of EU energy efficiency policy. Explores the implications of individual directives and regulations. Includes Energy Performance of Buildings Directive and Eco Design Directive.

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Book SynopsisThis timely book shows how the creation of a European Energy Union might be an effective and viable solution to the energy security problems that the European Union is facing. The aim is to make it easier to trade energy inside the EU. The EU currently has to rely on energy-rich countries for its energy needs, many of whom are politically and economically unstable; this places the EU in a vulnerable position. The book explores the institutional and legal framework for the creation of a European Energy Union, whose aim is to achieve affordable, secure, and sustainable energy. The book explores what the EU is politically prepared to accept as part of its united energy security. Combined with the perception of energy security being a pressing matter, the general disenchantment surrounding the European ideal in the wake of the economic crisis makes the task of ensuring affordable, secure, and sustainable energy a formidable challenge. In that vein, the European Energy Union could well be the flagship of this new outset towards a more prosperous, energy-secure, and united Europe—bearing in mind that EU member states wish to guard their sovereignty over national energy systems. In the past, there have been divisions between EU member states when trying to draft a united energy policy. The European Energy Union tries to rectify this deficiency. This book proposes the emulation of the EU’s common commercial policy to reach a common position in EU energy policy. It analyzes the role of the Energy Community and the Euro-Mediterranean Energy Partnership as avenues to further integrate energy markets beyond European borders, especially with the Eastern and Southern neighbours of the EU. It also dwells on the advancements that could arise in terms of pan-European energy infrastructure through the anticipated financial boost resulting from, inter alia, the Investment Plan for Europe, the European Structural and Investment funds, and the Connecting Europe Facility. Finally, it provides an analysis of climate change mitigation by focusing on the importance of decarbonizing the economy and analyzing the 2015 Paris Agreement on climate change. Highlights: First book to analyze the European Energy Union and the 2015 Paris Agreement on climate change. Explains the five pillars of the European Energy Union. Cross-examination of the EU’s competence in the areas of energy and trade to surmise whether a more harmonized European energy strategy could, legally and conceptually, be realized anytime soon.

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