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Book SynopsisThis book studies young people who are Not in Education, Employment, or Training (NEET); a prime concern among policymakers. Moving past common interpretations of NEETs as a homogeneous group, it asks why some youth become NEET, whereas other do not. The authors analyse diverse school-to-work patterns of young NEETs in five typical countries and investigate the role of individual characteristics, countries' institutions and policies, and their complex interplay.Readers will come to understand youth marginalization as a process that may occur during the transition from school, vocational college, or university to work. By studying longitudinal analyses of processes and transitions, readers will gain the crucial insight that NEETs are not equally vulnerable, and that most NEETs will find their way back to the labour market. However, they will also see that in all countries, a group of long-term NEETs exists. These exceptionally vulnerable young people are sidelined from soTable of Contents1. Not in Employment, Education, or Training around the World 2. NEET during the School-to-Work Transition in the Netherlands 3. NEET in Germany: Labour Market Entry Patterns and Gender Differences 4. Patterns in NEET Statuses during the School-to-Work Transition in France 5. NEETs in England 6. NEET in Japan: Focusing on Gender and Cohort 7. Policy Interventions Targeting NEETs in Different Institutional Settings 8. The Role of Education Systems in Preventing NEETs 9. Can Labour Market Policies Help to Reduce Long-term NEETs? 10. How Long-term NEET are Explained by Family Policies in OECD Countries 11. Conclusions and Discussion

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Book SynopsisDebate surrounding the employability of graduates has been around for many decades, and interest in this area has grown particularly since the start of this century. Tackling this relevant area of scholarship, this book uses an innovative approach to analyse the relationship between the university and the labour market from different perspectives, taking into account both sociological and economic theories. Key areas explored include work transition, graduate employability, and the effects of public interventions/initiatives which are aimed at matching the competences of graduates to labour market needs. The chapters summarise several years of author original research, including study on the employability of graduates in Poland more specifically, and the effects of their public interventions to increase graduate employment and facilitate entry into the workforce (e.g. Commissioned Fields of Study, Competences Development Programme). More generally, university labour marTable of ContentsPart 1 The Transition from Graduation to Work – Theoretical Perspectives 1 Human Capital Theory 2 Education as a Positional Good 3 Social Closure Models Summary Part 2 Structural-Institutional Settings, Individual Characteristics and University-Work Transition 4 Employability Skills Agenda, Skills Race and IVth Industrial Revolution 5 Individual Characteristics and University to Work Transition 6 Structural-Institutional Settings And University to Work Transition Annexe II Summary Part 3 University-Work Transition And Public Interventions – The Case of Competence Development Program in Poland 7 The Competence Development Program – Genesis and Characteristics 8 The Competence Development Program – Effects of Intervention Annexe III.1 Summary Annexe III.2

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Book SynopsisThe behaviour of commodity prices never ceases to marvel economists, financial analysts, industry experts, and policymakers. Unexpected swings in commodity prices used to occur infrequently but have now become a permanent feature of global commodity markets. This book is about modelling commodity price shocks. It is intended to provide insights into the theoretical, conceptual, and empirical modelling of the underlying causes of global commodity price shocks. Three main objectives motivated the writing of this book. First, to provide a variety of modelling frameworks for documenting the frequency and intensity of commodity price shocks. Second, to evaluate existing approaches used for forecasting large movements in future commodity prices. Third, to cover a wide range and aspects of global commodities including currencies, rarehardlustrous transition metals, agricultural commodities, energy, and health pandemics. Some attempts have already been made towards modelling commoditTable of Contents1. Introduction 2. History and Theories of Commodity Price Shocks 3. Modelling Commodity Price Shocks 4. Commodity Price Shocks Identification 5. Effects of Commodity Price Shocks 6. Applications 7. Commodity Price Forecasting 8. Risks Associated with Commodity Price Forecasts 9. Conclusion

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Book SynopsisEnterprises located in rural regions face various challenges in the globalised and digitised world. This book offers comprehensive answers to the question of what makes up the rural enterprise economy in the contemporary business world. It addresses the competitiveness and viability, strategic management and strategic change, and marketing issues for both incumbent and start-up companies in rural regions. The book presents new concepts that shed light on the rural enterprise economy with its entrepreneurs. With a broad range of cases from European regions, the book provides theoretical insights for scholars, practical case-based evidence for lecturers and teachers, and practical knowledge for business practitioners and planning specialists. Academic experts from European universities and research institutes provide compelling answers to this under-researched topic in business studies and economics. Table of ContentsPart I: Introduction to the Rural Enterprise Economy 1. Introduction to The Rural Enterprise Economy Part II: Rural Enterprise Development 2. The Hidden Strength of Rural Enterprises: Why Peripheries Can Be more than A City Centre’s Deficient Complements 3. Hidden Champions in Rural Germany: Innovation Strategies to Compete in Global Markets 4. Adoption of Digital Innovations in Rural Enterprises during COVID-19 5. Competitive Strategies of Incumbent Small Regional Banks in Rural Locations 6. Reflections on Tourism Business Viability and Competitiveness in Rural Regions 7. Tourism Marketing in Rural Contexts: The Potential of Wine Tourism in the Dao Wine Region 8. Participation of Micro-Enterprises and Public Organisations in Rural Development Projects: Balancing between Collaboration and Tensions 9. Rural Business Support Policy and Rural Enterprise Economy: The Neo-endogenous Approach to Entrepreneurship Promotion of Common Agricultural Policy Part III: Rural Entrepreneurship 10. Opportunity- and Necessity-Driven Entrepreneurship in Urban versus Rural Locations 11. Entrepreneurship in Rural Areas: Locational Choices and Embeddedness 12. Entrepreneurship in Rural Sweden: The Role of Weak Ties, Strong Ties and "Good enough" Internet Access 13. Tourism Micro-Enterprises and Entrepreneurship in Rural Norway: Opportunities and Constraints 14. Entrepreneurial Knowledge-Strategies in Specialty Food Innovations 15. Combining Local and International Embeddedness in A Rural Context Part IV: The Rural Enterprise Economy – Conclusions and Implications 16. The Rural Enterprise Economy: Conclusions and Implications

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Book SynopsisThis book analyses Europe's COVID-19 response provided by governments and societies, to assess its influence on the economy from both a short- and long-term perspective. The authors argue that there are three key factors that determine how successful a given country is. The first is the determination and effectiveness of the government. The second is the capacity of states and their healthcare systems in times of crisis. The third is society's willingness to adhere to emergency measures and to cooperate with authorities. The book examines the government policy of EU states during the pandemic; studies the behaviour of EU societies; reveals the influence of the pandemic crisis on the economy of EU states and formulates a successful strategy to counteract the challenges wrought by the pandemic. The book will appeal to scholars and researchers engaged in the fields of economic and political science, global studies and international relations. Furthermore, itTable of Contents1. Policy response to coronavirus in European Member States 2. European societies and their behaviour towards coronavirus 3. Can the European economy survive the coronavirus crisis?

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Book SynopsisA Wall Street Journal bestsellerFinancial expert, investment advisor and New York Times bestselling author James Rickards shows why and how global financial markets are being artificially inflated--and what smart investors can do to protect their assets What goes up, must come down. As any student of financial history knows, the dizzying heights of the stock market can't continue indefinitely--especially since asset prices have been artificially inflated by investor optimism around the Trump administration, ruinously low interest rates, and the infiltration of behavioral economics into our financial lives. The elites are prepared, but what's the average investor to do? James Rickards, the author of the prescient books Currency Wars, The Death of Money, and The Road to Ruin, lays out the true risks to our financial system, and offers invaluable advice on how best to weather the storm. You'll learn, for instance:

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Book SynopsisThe bestselling author of The Death of Money and Currency Wars reveals the global elites' dark effort to hide a coming catastrophe from investors in The Road to Ruin, now a National Bestseller.   A drumbeat is sounding among the global elites. The signs of a worldwide financial meltdown are unmistakable. This time, the elites have an audacious plan to protect themselves from the fallout: hoarding cash now and locking down the global financial system when a crisis hits.   Since 2014, international monetary agencies have been issuing warnings to a small group of finance ministers, banks, and private equity funds: the U.S. government’s cowardly choices not to prosecute J.P. Morgan and its ilk, and to bloat the economy with a $4 trillion injection of easy credit, are driving us headlong toward a cliff.   As Rickards shows in this frightening, meticulously researched book, governments around the world have no compunction about conspiring against their citizens. They will have stockpiled hard assets when stock exchanges are closed, ATMs shut down, money market funds frozen, asset managers instructed not to sell securities, negative interest rates imposed, and cash withdrawals denied.   If you want to plan for the risks ahead, you will need Rickards’s cutting-edge synthesis of behavioral economics, history, and complexity theory. It’s a guidebook to thinking smarter, acting faster, and living with the comfort­ing knowledge that your wealth is secure.   The global elites don’t want this book to exist. Their plan to herd us like sheep to the slaughter when a global crisis erupts—and, of course, to maintain their wealth—works only if we remain complacent and unaware. Thanks to The Road to Ruin, we don’t need to be.If you are curious about what the financial Götterdämmerung might look like you’ve certainly come to the right place... Rickards believes -- and provides tantalizing snippets of private conversations with those who dwell in the very eye-in-the-pyramid -- that the current world monetary and financial system is on the verge of insolvency and that the world financial elites already have a successor system for which they are laying the groundwork. --Ralph Benko, Forbes

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Book SynopsisAs heard on NPR's Fresh Air "This empowering light into a brighter future is a narrative you won’t want to miss." – Ralph Nader "Collins not only talks the talk but walks the walk...this is a worthwhile book to read, digest, and share" – Publishers Weekly An essential piece of reading for anyone concerned by the increasing wealth inequality–made worse by the global pandemic and political partisanship The growing wealth inequality continues to dominate headlines. The divide between the haves and have nots in America is increasingly political and tensions are rising. On one side, the wealthy wield power and advantage, keeping the system operating in their favor―all while retreating into enclaves that separate them further and further from the poor and working class. On the other side, those who find it increasingly difficult to keep up or get ahead are desperate and frustrated ―waging a rhetorical war against the rich and letting anger and resentment keep us from seeing new potential solutions. But can we suspend both class wars long enough to consider a new way forward? Is it really good for anyone that most of society’s wealth is pooling at the very top of the wealth ladder? Does anyone, including the one percent, really want to live in a society plagued by economic apartheid? It is time to think differently, says longtime inequality expert and activist Chuck Collins. Born into the one percent, Collins gave away his inheritance at 26 and spent the next three decades mobilizing against inequality. He uses his perspective from both sides of the divide to deliver a new narrative. Collins calls for a ceasefire and invites the wealthy to come back home, investing themselves and their wealth in struggling communities. And he asks the non-wealthy to build alliances with the one percent and others at the top of the wealth ladder. Stories told along the way explore the roots of advantage, show how taxpayers subsidize the wealthy, and reveal how charity, used incorrectly, can actually reinforce extreme inequality. Readers meet pioneers who are crossing the divide to work together in new ways, including residents in the author’s own Boston-area neighborhood who have launched some of the most interesting community transition efforts in the nation. In the end, Collins’s national and local solutions not only challenge inequality but also respond to climate change and offer an unexpected, fresh take on one of our most intransigent problems. Trade ReviewChoice Reviews- "Drawing on both engaging personal stories and economic research, Collins (Institute for Policy Studies) portrays an 'economic apartheid' of growing inequality of wealth and opportunity in the US, and urges citizens, especially the wealthiest, to recommit to the broader community to address it. Collins describes 'an empathetic barrier to change' that leads rich Americans to deride the industriousness of the less affluent. Raised in a “one percent” family, Collins understands how the wealthy are cut off from the wider society as their experiences lead them to adopt false myths of self-reliance and meritocracy. These views overlook the roles community and equity play in securing prosperity and well-being for rich and poor Americans. The overvaluing of self-reliance obscures the advantages of family wealth as well as the role of government programs in providing gains for the white middle class (in particular, home ownership) over other groups. Collins calls for empathy and solidarity among the rich, the affluent, and the poor to address inequality and environmental degradation. The book lists ways for the wealthy to connect to the larger society and support policies to bring about an equitable and sustainable future. Summing Up: Recommended. All readership levels."Booklist- "As the great-grandson of Oscar Meyer, Collins grew up in a wealthy and advantaged family. He considers himself part of the privileged 1 percent, “born on third base,” with only a short hop to make it to home plate. But Collins believes it’s time for our society to come to a different home, one where inequality is addressed in a new way, where the economy can be made more inclusive, and where the 1 percent can engage with the other 99 to become partners in transforming the future. Collins (99 to 1: How Inequality Is Wrecking the World and What We Can Do about It, 2012) once again presents a convincing and deeply thought-provoking argument in favor of not just the need for societal change but the importance of individual action in making change happen. Written in a well-crafted, conversational style, Collins’ latest is a gentle yet clear reminder to readers that real change starts by looking outside ourselves and making even the smallest connection with others.”“I have never read a story remotely like the one Chuck Collins has to tell. Born to the one percent, in circumstances few of us can imagine, he grew an outsized conscience and gave up his inherited wealth for a life of fighting the vicious inequality that is destroying our country. Somewhere along the way, he came to understand that the rich can be part of the solution instead of the problem and started organizing them to join in the struggle for a fair economy. The result is an electrifying challenge to the affluent as well as the one percent. ‘Come out of your gated communities and gated hearts,’ he writes, because outside lies the warmth of human solidarity.”--Barbara Ehrenreich, author of Nickel and Dimed“Chuck Collins has already organized the rich against their own immediate economic interest. He and his colleagues at the Institute for Policy Studies were instrumental in blocking the Republican repeal of the federal estate tax for the wealthy. So when he writes in Born on Third Base about all the good that can come from the enlightened rich pressing for justice, not just charity, he speaks from experience as both an organizer and a former affluent heir. Partly autobiographical, this empowering light into a brighter future is a narrative you won’t want to miss. Chuck Collins walks the talk and can motivate, if anyone is able to, the super rich to fund systemic drives for change.”--Ralph Nader, consumer advocate, author, and lawyer“A call to action for America's wealthy and a warning shot across the bows of their yachts if they fail to act, Born on Third Base offers a clear and compelling case for why the privileged and powerful must act to reverse widening inequality of income, wealth, and political power in America.”--Robert B. Reich, former US Secretary of Labor; author of Saving CapitalismPublishers Weekly- "Collins (99 to 1), born to great privilege, takes a thoughtful, well-written, and carefully researched approach to solving the extreme imbalance in wealth distribution, directed toward one- and 99-percenters alike. Refreshingly, Collins not only talks the talk but walks the walk: at age 26 he gave up his $500,000 trust fund and dedicated his life to ending inequality. The book's first half outlines the problems of uneven wealth distribution, which have been made even more evident by the 2008 economic downturn. This part includes a section addressing racial issues in the U.S. and making the case for federal reparations for slavery. What Collins does even better than describing the challenge is, in the book's second half, outlining significant and specific solutions. He includes 10 elements of a program for the wealthiest 1% to follow, imploring readers to connect with both 'people around us' and 'people who are completely different.' He makes an appeal for 'humanity and empathy' at the book's very beginning, shows how he and others have worked to embody it, and reinforces the importance of this approach at the conclusion. Wherever readers fall on the economic scale, this is a worthwhile book to read, digest, and share."“The American dream assures us that, if you work hard and play by the rules, you’ll succeed. But the facts tell a different story: Everyone knows the system is rigged. In these trickle-down times, income inequality threatens to pit the 99 percent against the 1 percent in violent revolution—and, really, who can blame them? My fellow plutocrat Chuck Collins gets it. Born on Third Base explodes the myth of the self-made man, but it also celebrates true achievement in the classic American sense. This isn’t some self-hating rich guy; Collins has thought seriously about what it means to be a citizen, and to be a patriot. He makes the case that we all do better when we all do better, and he does it with compassion and humor. This book would give Ayn Rand nightmares.”--Nick Hanauer, entrepreneur; venture capitalist; coauthor of The True Patriot and The Gardens of Democracy“Chuck Collins may have been born on third base, but he hits a grand slam with this powerful call to even the richest Americans to join their fellow citizens in challenging the obscene wealth gap that characterizes America today. He hammers all the curve balls thrown to justify inequality, writes eloquently but humbly of his experiences, and lays out a winning lineup of ways to bring Americans across class lines together for economic justice.”--John de Graaf, coauthor of Affluenza and What’s the Economy for, Anyway?“Chuck Collins does the soul-searching, fundamental work of reminding us all that wealth inequality and injustice make everyone’s life worse, including those of us who are supposedly better off. No matter what your class background, Collins’s work is an insight into and inspiring call to action for why we all need to be two feet into the fight for a more just world –one that is based on shared prosperity and community, not individualized notions of success. People and the planet literally depend on it.”--Jessie Spector, executive director, Resource Generation “Sobering and inspiring, Chuck Collins has written a Declaration of Interdependence. A must read for anyone on third base who has forgotten that they’re part of a team.”--Peter Buffett, copresident, NoVo Foundation; composer; author of Life is What You Make It“There are few tasks as urgent as a radical reorientation of the 1 percent, a radical re-engagement of ‘us’ with ‘them’—and a radical redeployment of the wealth created over the past century in order to address the problems of the next. Chuck Collins is our personal guide.”--Woody Tasch, founder, Slow Money Institute; author of Inquiries into the Nature of Slow Money“This is the engaging story of a courageous rich white guy who gave it all away, journeyed to the dark heart of inequality and deprivation in America, and became a leading thinker and activist for something much better for all of us, including the rich. Collins doesn’t disappoint. He is the real deal.”--James Gustave Speth, author of America the Possible and Angels by the River“No one explains inequality better than Chuck Collins, and no one walks his talk with more integrity. All Americans—rich, poor, and in the shrinking middle—will benefit from his insights and be inspired by his example.”--Peter Barnes, cofounder, CREDO Mobile; author of With Liberty and Dividends For All

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Book SynopsisIf you want to know why American Indians have the highest rates of poverty of any racial group, why suicide is the leading cause of death among Indian men, why native women are two and a half times more likely to be raped than the national average and why gang violence affects American Indian youth more than any other group, do not look to history. There is no doubt that white settlers devastated Indian communities in the 19th, and early 20th centuries. But it is our policies today—denying Indians ownership of their land, refusing them access to the free market and failing to provide the police and legal protections due to them as American citizens—that have turned reservations into small third-world countries in the middle of the richest and freest nation on earth. The tragedy of our Indian policies demands reexamination immediately—not only because they make the lives of millions of American citizens harder and more dangerous—but also because they represent a microcosm of everything that has gone wrong with modern liberalism. They are the result of decades of politicians and bureaucrats showering a victimized people with money and cultural sensitivity instead of what they truly need—the education, the legal protections and the autonomy to improve their own situation. If we are really ready to have a conversation about American Indians, it is time to stop bickering about the names of football teams and institute real reforms that will bring to an end this ongoing national shame.Trade Review“The New Trail of Tears is a much-needed revelation of heart-breaking conditions on American Indian reservations—and of the attitudes, incentives, and politics that make the people living on those reservations even worse off than other low-income minorities, including American Indians living elsewhere in American society. The laws and policies behind these human tragedies have wider implications for welfare state assumptions and politically correct decisions, including the grossly misnamed ‘Indian Child Welfare Act.’ This book is an insightful and much-needed introduction to a subject that deserves much more public attention than it gets, both for its own sake and for what it reveals about the political and ideological climate of our time.” —Thomas Sowell “I've grubbed in the data regarding American Indian poverty for years, but none of my numbers will have the effect of Naomi Riley's investigation and prose. Through clear thinking and personal accounts, she articulates why this ignored minority remains in poverty and how they can escape it. The New Trail of Tears is a must read if you care about the plight of poor people, in general, and American Indians, in particular.” —Terry L. Anderson, author of Unlocking the Wealth of Indian Nations and senior fellow of The Hoover Institution at Stanford University “Clear evidence of the tragedy that results when individual property rights are equated with group rights.” —Amity Shlaes, presidential scholar at the Kings College and author of Coolidge and The Forgotten Man “The New Trail of Tears is a powerful antidote to the romantic nonsense about the history of American Indian groups that pervades our school curriculum today, and a stinging indictments of the paternalistic public policies that continue to keep most Indians mired in poverty even now. Written in lively and lucid prose, it is my candidate for the book-of-the-year on racial issues in the United States.” —Stephan Thernstrom, Winthrop Professor of History Emeritus at Harvard University

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Book SynopsisThis book is a collection of some recent of the best articles by China Economist and it represents top Chinese economists major research outcomes and opinions on economic matters, status and trends from various perspectives. Some work with China’s highest academic research institutes and policy consultation agencies, while others work with related agencies and universities. Hence, this book largely reflects the key concerns and efforts of economic research institutes, policy advisory agencies, regulatory policy research departments and universities on China’s economy.From the launching of reform and opening-up in 1978 to the dawn of the 21st century, China has been transformed from a self-enclosed, planned economy to a market-based one, and the country has integrated itself into the international community. China wishes to look beyond its border and engage in equal-footed dialogue with its partners and competitors. With China’s rapid emergence and great achievements, other countries increasingly want to learn more about this “mysterious oriental country” and the miraculous changes taking place here. However, we have also found that abroad, the public, high-ranking officials and even media and academia may not have a clear picture of China. Chinese scholars views on their country and beyond are not well understood by foreign scholars, not to mention people in the street, and overseas officials and scholars do not appreciate China’s realities. Legitimate claims and well intentioned expressions from China are often misunderstood or distorted by the media, and it seems that the world is unprepared for a changing China. China needs to know itself and the outside world, and the world needs to have a closer look at China as well. Research on the China phenomenon and its implications has become topical around the world. Hence, developing diversified channels and platforms of communication is necessary both in China and the outside world.In this book, which includes dozens of articles written by Chinese economists and researchers, authors wish to tell the world a truth: Although China has become the world’s second largest economy, its GDP per capita is very low. China remains a developing country, and development is its top priority and the basis for all welfare programs. The rights of development are basic human rights upon which China cannot waiver. Development is the best gift China has to offer to the world. Meanwhile, Chinese scholars should also recognize that China must deepen reform and expand opening-up, balance efficiency with fair income distribution, use resources in more efficient, refined and clean ways, and challenge its enterprises to assume more social responsibilities. Only in this way can China complete its historic transition from a developing country to a mature, modernized country.Table of Contents Part One: Macro economy Chapter 1 “Middle-Income Trap” and “High-Income Wall” : Challenges and Opportunities to China, by Liu Shijin et al Chapter 2 Don’t Overlook GDP and Investment: An Analysis of China’s Current Economic Trend, by Liu Shucheng Chapter 3 How Long Can China’s Economy Keep Growing? By Zhang Jun Chapter 4 How China Can Avoid the “Middle-Income Trap”,by Ma Xiaohe Part Two: Institution & Mechanism Chapter 5 The Contribution of Marketization to China’s Economic Growth, by Fan Gang et al Chapter 6 China’s Marketization since WTO Accession, by Li Xiaoxi Chapter 7 Shifting to a Market-Based Wage-Setting Mechanism for Low-Skilled Labor: Macro economic Effects, by Yang Ruilong et a Chapter 8 Regulation or Property Rights: The Effect of China’s Coal Mine Shutdown Policy on Work Safety, by Bai Chong’en et al Chapter 9 A Modeling Analysis of Local Governments Competing in Offering Subsidies to Attract Investment: the Cause of Industrial Overcapacity, by Jiang Feitao et al Part Three: Government Policy Chapter 10 China’s Sovereign Balance Sheet and Its Risk Assessment, by Li Yang et al Chapter 11 China’s Monetary Policy Instruments (2001-2010): Paradox, Analysis and Suggestions, by Wang Guogang Chapter 12 China’s Regional Policy Scenarios for 2011-2015 Period, by Wei Houkai et al Chapter 13 Developing Secondary Industry to Drive China’s Future Growth, by Jin Bei Chapter 14 Domestic Demand-based Economic Globalization: Strategic Choice for China to Profit from the Second Wave of Globalization, by Liu Zhibiao Part Four: Industrial Development Chapter 15 China’s Industries in the Beginning of Its 12th Five-Year Plan Period, by Jin Bei Chapter 16 Relying on Secondary Industry to Drive National Policy and Reinvigorate China’s Economy, by Huang Qunhui Chapter 17 Recalculating the Significance of Secondary and Tertiary Industries for Industrial Restructuring: Truth and Myth, by Li Gang et al Chapter 18 Technology Gaps, Resource Allocation and Economic Growth of Large Late starting Countries, by Ouyang Yao et al

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