Economic history Books

Book SynopsisThis is volume 1 in the set A History of British Socialism. These volumes study the political thought experienced as a result of the massive transition of the British countryside to capitalist agriculture and capitalist industry.

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Book SynopsisThis is volume 2 of the set ^English Radicalism (1935-1961). Reissuing the epic undertaking of Dr S. Maccoby, these volumes cover the story of English Radicalism from its origins right through to its questionable end. By Combining new sources with the old and often long forgotten, the volumes provide an impressive history of radicalism and shed light on the course of English political development. The six volumes are arranged chronologically from 1762 through to the perceived end of British Radicalism in the mid-twentieth century.Table of ContentsPart One, I Reform before and after 1789, II Taking sides on the French Revolution, 1790, III The "Republican" Societies, IV The Revolutionary War opens, 1793-4, V The War grows more burdensome, 1794-3, VI Peace Overtures, 1793-7, VII 1797-9, VIII Buonaparte, First Consul, IX Amiens, Before and After, X The Napoleonic War begun, XI The Passing of Pitt and Fox, XII "Innovation" unsaddled, 1807, XIII The Portland Government, XIV The Agitations of 1808-10, XV The Sessions of 1810 and 181, XVI Liverpool becomes Prime Minister 1812, XVII The Parliament of 1812 to Waterloo, XVIII Post-War Distress and Discontent, XIX Aftermath of Habeas Corpus Suspension, 1817-19, XX The Six Acts and After, 1819-21, XXI Castlereagh passes, Canning succeeds, 1821-3, XXII The Politics of 1826-8, XXIII Parliamentary Reform becomes inevitable, 1829-30, Part Two XXIV Religion, XXV Revolutionary Thinking on Property, Population and the Family, XXVI The Empire and India

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Book SynopsisReissuing the epic undertaking of Dr S. Maccoby, these volumes cover the story of English Radicalism from its origins right through to its questionable end. By combining new sources with the old and often long forgotten, the volumes provide an impressive history of radicalism and shed light on the course of English political development. The six volumes are arranged chronologically from 1762 through to the perceived end of British Radicalism in the mid-twentieth century.Table of ContentsPreface, i “ADVANCED” POLITICS IN 1853, ii THE CRIMEAN WAR, FIRST STAGE, iii RADICAL AGITATION GROWS DANGEROUS, 1855, iv PALMERSTON HOLDS RADICALISM IN CHECK, v DISTRACTIONS FROM REFORM, 1858-64, vi THE REFORM LEAGUE AND THE REFORM UNION, vii HOW PARLIAMENTARY REFORM WAS CARRIED, 1867-8, viii THE ADVANCE OF LABOUR 107, ix RELIGION, x POLITICAL “ADVANCE” IN 1869 AND 1870, xi POLITICS GROW MORE AGITATED, 1870-1, xii DECLINE AND FALL OF THE GLADSTONE GOVERNMENT, xiii PARTY CONTROVERSY, 1874-6, xiv THE EASTERN QUESTION, FIRST STAGE, xv THE EASTERN QUESTION, BEACONSFIELD’S TRIUMPH, xvi THE UNDERMINING OF “BEACONSFIELDISM”, xvii IRELAND DELAYS “PROGRESS,” 1880-1, xviii THE SESSIONS OF 1882 AND 1883, xix THE STRUGGLE FOR PARLIAMENTARY REFORM, 1884, xx APPROACH OF THE GENERAL ELECTION OF 1885, xxi “LABOUR” AND THE BIRTH OF BRITISH SOCIALISM, 1874-86, xxii RADICALS AND THE COLONIES, 1853-86, xxiii RADICALS AND INDIA, xxiv LOCAL GOVERNMENT, Appendix —Some Radical Difficulties on Foreign Policy, Select Bibliography, Index

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Book SynopsisWhy have modern corporations grown to such unprecedented sizes? This volume explores this crucial question, emphasising the roles of diversification and mergers.Table of ContentsIntroduction; Chapter 1 Entrepreneurial Capitalism; Chapter 2 Managerial Capitalism; Chapter 3 Beyond Managerial Capitalism;

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Book SynopsisThis six-volume set contains virtually all of the published work of Cairnes; it brings together, for the first time, all of his major works and almost all his uncollected articles, pamphlets and published letters. It is an essential resource for those studying the man himself, the tradition of Classical economy, and Irish intellectual history in the nineteenth century.Table of ContentsVolume 1: The Character and Logical Method of Political Economy (1875)Volume 2: The Slave Power, Its Character, Career, and Probable Designs: Being an Attempt to Explain the Real Issues Involved in the American ContestVolume 3: Political EssaysVolume 4: Essays in Political Economy: Theoretical and AppliedVolume 5: Some Leading Principles of Political Economy Newly ExpoundedVolume 6: Uncollected Articles, Pamphlets, and Miscellaneous Writings

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Book SynopsisMore than one hundred years after Thorstein Veblenâs famous article âWhy is Economics Not an Evolutionary Science?â, Evolutionary Economics is now widely recognized as a highly productive approach offering crucial insights for the understanding of socio-economic processes of change and development.A major feature in the development of Evolutionary Economics isâand has always beenâits strong multi-disciplinary character, and this new four-volume collection in the Routledge Major Works series, Critical Concepts in Economics, meets the need for an authoritative, up-to-date, and comprehensive reference work synthesizing this voluminous literature. Indeed, the sheer scale of the research outputâand the breadth of the fieldâmakes this collection especially welcome. It answers the need for a comprehensive collection of classic and contemporary contributions to facilitate ready access to the most influential and important scholarship from a wide range of theoretical and practical perspectives.Evolutionary Economics is edited by Andreas Pyka, a leading scholar in the field. The collection is fully indexed and has a comprehensive, newly written, introduction, which places the material in its intellectual context. It is an essential work of reference and is destined to be valued by scholars and students as a vital one-stop research resource.

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Book SynopsisOne hundred years after his birth, J. K. Galbraithâs The Great Crash 1929 is again on the bestseller lists. And in the current financial and economic tumult, familiar Galbraithian concernsâsuch as the power and dominance of overweening corporations, national and global poverty, and the careless destruction of the natural environmentâonce again loom large in the public consciousness.Galbraithâs contemporaries included such towering intellects as Paul Samuelson, Robert Solow, Milton Friedman, Wassily Leontief, Simon Kuznets, James Meade, Nicolas Kaldor, and Joan Robinson. These intellectual giants took Galbraith and his ideas seriously. Today, however, Galbraith remains professionally unpopular, and many economists have either forgotten his contribution, or fail sufficiently to acknowledge their intellectual debt to him.This new four-volume collection from Routledge remedies this failing by highlighting Galbraithâs centrality to the crucial economic debates of the second half of the twentieth century. The collection has been designed to acquaint the user to Galbraithâs economics and his vision of the economic process; to contribute to the long overdue re-evaluation of Galbraithâs place in the study of economics; and to help establish new directions for future research in the Galbraithian tradition.The collection reproduces J. K. Galbraithâs major theoretical economic contributions including: Galbraithâs originalâbut largely ignoredâcontribution to the theory of the firm, which shares many similarities with the work of Ronald Coase and Oliver Williamson; his monetary economics (which embodies elements of both Keynes and the new consensus in macroeconomics); and Galbraithâs exploration of financial euphoria, which predates Robert Shillerâs analysis of âirrational exuberanceâ.The set also brings together the critical and professional reactions to American Capitalism, The Affluent Society, The New Industrial State, and Economics and the Public Purpose, with an additional focus on more recent assessments which identify Galbraithâs deeper theoretical contributions and highlight its contemporary relevance.J. K. Galbraith: The Economic Legacy is edited by Stephen P. Dunn, a leading scholar in the field. The collection is fully indexed and has a comprehensive introduction, newly written by the editor, which places the material in its intellectual context. It is an essential work of reference and is destined to be valued by scholars and students as a vital one-stop research resource.

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Book SynopsisWhen the Nazis came to power in 1933, they promised to build a vibrant consumer society. But they faced a dilemma. They recognized that consolidating support for the regime required providing Germans with the products they desired. At the same time, the Nazis worried about the degrading cultural effects of mass consumption and its association with 'Jewish' interests. This book examines how both the state and private companies sought to overcome this predicament. Drawing on a wide range of sources - advertisements, exhibition programs, films, consumer research and marketing publications - the book traces the ways National Socialists attempted to create their own distinctive world of buying and selling. At the same time, it shows how corporate leaders and everyday Germans navigated what S. Jonathan Wiesen calls 'the Nazi marketplace'. A groundbreaking work that combines cultural, intellectual and business history, Creating the Nazi Marketplace offers an innovative interpretation of commeTrade Review'In this deeply researched and richly argued book, S. Jonathan Wiesen suggests that, rather than illustrating the 'primacy of politics' over the economy, the Nazi marketplace was central to the regime's promise of future consumer abundance, the realization of individual achievement, and the creation of a purified 'racial community.' In addition to highlighting the contradictions in the regime's attempt to reconcile communal and private interests and its pursuit of rearmament and war while satisfying civilian needs, the Nazi marketplace exposed the overlapping desires of business elites and marketing professionals to preserve their autonomy from political interference while advancing the Nazi Volksgemeinschaft.' Shelley Baranowski, University of Akron'S. Jonathan Wiesen tells a fascinating, unsettling story: how Nazi elites attempted to engineer prosperity and how German citizens came to expect getting and taking. Racial comrades slipped easily into the role of consumers, which bound them more tightly to the imperial projects and unceasing violence of the Third Reich. Wiesen shows how Nazism was built on desire and entitlement.' Peter Fritzsche, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign'Shoppers, ad men, Rotary Club boosters, and market researchers are not the kinds of people we usually associate with Nazi Germany. But Wiesen makes precisely this connection as he explores the contradictory interdependence between a racist dictatorship and a modern consumer society. Meticulous research, original interpretation, and lucid writing make this a major contribution to our understanding of ordinary Germans who supported Hitler's rule.' Claudia Koonz, Duke University'S. Jonathan Wiesen's book analyzes a still incompletely understood dimension of daily life under National Socialist rule, while also drawing attention to the larger issues of morality and violence that remain crucial to an understanding of the Nazi regime. In doing this, the work provides an original and valuable contribution to the scholarship.' Rudy Koshar, University of Wisconsin, MadisonTable of ContentsIntroduction; 1. National Socialism and the market; 2. Commerce for the community: advertising, marketing, and public relations in Hitler's Germany; 3. Rotary clubs, consumption, and the Nazis' achievement community; 4. Finding the 'voice of the consumer': the Society for Consumer Research in the 1930s; 5. World War II and the virtuous marketplace; Conclusion.

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Book SynopsisAn unforgettable story of four women who, through grit and ingenuity, became stars in the cutthroat, high-stakes, male dominated world of venture capital in Silicon Valley, and helped build some of the foremost companies of our time. In Alpha Girls, award-winning journalist Julian Guthrie takes readers behind the closed doors of venture capital, an industry that transforms economies and shapes how we live. We follow the lives and careers of four women who were largely written out of history - until now. Magdalena Yesil, who arrived in America from Turkey with $43 to her name, would go on to receive her electrical engineering degree from Stanford, found some of the first companies to commercialize internet access, and help Marc Benioff build Salesforce. Mary Jane Elmore went from the corn fields of Indiana to Stanford and on to the storied venture capital firm IVP - where she was one of the first women in the U.S. to make partner - only to be pulled back from the glass ceiling by expectations at home. Theresia Gouw, an overachieving first-generation Asian American from a working-class town, dominated the foosball tables at Brown (she would later reluctantly let Sergey Brin win to help Accel Partners court Google), before she helped land and build companies including Facebook, Trulia, Imperva, and ForeScout. Sonja Hoel, a Southerner who became the first woman investing partner at white-glove Menlo Ventures, invested in McAfee, Hotmail, Acme Packet, and F5 Networks. As her star was still rising at Menlo, a personal crisis would turn her into an activist overnight, inspiring her to found an all-women's investment group and a national nonprofit for girls.These women, juggling work and family, shaped the tech landscape we know today while overcoming unequal pay, actual punches, betrayals, and the sexist attitudes prevalent in Silicon Valley and in male-dominated industries everywhere. Despite the setbacks, they would rise again to rewrite the rules for an industry they love. In Alpha Girls, Guthrie reveals their untold stories.

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Book SynopsisThis is an introduction to the Industrial Revolution which offers an integrated account of the economic and social aspects of change during the period.Trade Review'Students will find this volume demanding and challenging, but their perceptions of both the Industrial Revolution controversy and eighteenth- and nineteenth-century social, economic and industrial history will emerge enlightened and their interest in the period stimulated.' Business History 'This is a textbook but one that can be read with profit by both professionals and students...Hudson frequently succeeds in neatly summarizing complex discussions. She brings her surveys of the literature right up-to-date and her knowledge of recent work is impressive...a lively and well-written text.' Economic History ReviewTable of ContentsPart 1 Writing and rewriting history: perspectives on the industrial revolution; the economy and the state; agriculture and the industrial revolution. Part 2 The industrial revolution: regions and industries; demography and labour; consumption and commerce; class and gender.

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Book SynopsisA biography of the second Earl of Liverpool, revealing a highly capable leader who laid the foundations for nineteenth-century Britain's prosperity.Trade Review"Martin Hutchinson, one of the rarest of Wall Street's birds of plumage - a true original thinker - here makes the persuasive case that the greatest of Britain's prime ministers is a man whose name perhaps few Americans have ever heard. This splendid, erudite, fast-moving biography assures Lord Liverpool of the recognition he so richly deserves." James Grant, Founder and Editor, Grant's Interest Rate Observer "Meticulously researched, beautifully written and enlivened by the author's mischievous wit, Britain's Greatest Prime Minister is a tour de force in political biography and provides a deep sense of the tumultuous and challenging times in which Lord Liverpool lived. An added bonus is Hutchinson's unconventional assessment of the good, the bad, the mediocre and the dregs among UK prime ministers." Kevin Dowd, Durham University "Martin Hutchinson has written a masterly biography rooted in political economy that promotes the once-despised Lord Liverpool to the first rank of prime ministers. He demonstrates how Liverpool's shrewd financial policy laid the foundations for defeating Napoleon, restoring post-war stability at home and in Europe, and strengthening Britain's economic and strategic world dominance. It's an impressive story, still largely unknown, and Hutchinson's telling is powerful and readable in equal measure." John O'Sullivan, Editor-at-large of National Review and author of The President, the Pope and the Prime Minister "Hutchinson writes clearly and briskly, making even minor matters interesting... a remarkable book." Lord Lexden, The House Magazine Jan 2021, pp.39 "He has written a first-rate political biography which is essential reading for all who are interested in the period." Michael Arnold, Historical Association, 26th January 2021Table of ContentsList of Illustrations Note on Nomenclature Note on Money I. Introduction II. Early Years until the Death of Pitt, 1770-1806 III. De Facto Primus inter Pares, 1806-11 IV. Year of Destiny, 1812 V. Years of Victory, 1813-15 VI. Penury and Progress, 1815-19 VII. Challenges, Recovery and Transition, 1820-23 VIII. Bubble, Reform, Death and Oblivion, 1824-28 IX. Conclusion Appendix: Liverpool's letter to the Bank of England Bibliography Index

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Book SynopsisThis is a cautionary tale. About greed, irresponsibility and failing to learn from the past.Australia''s mining boom is still talked about with a sense of awe. This once-in-a-lifetime event capped off 25 straight years of economic growth. Thanks to mining we sidestepped the worst of the Global Financial Crisis. To the rest of the world Australia was an economic miracle. And then the boom ended.Now Australia is grappling with what that means at a time of rising economic inequality and political upheaval. The end of the boom isn''t about money - it''s about people. Boom and Bust looks at what happens to those who came into vast wealth only to watch it dry up. To those who thought they had a good job for life, but didn''t. The bust didn''t just happen on stock-market screens - it was lived, and is still being lived right now, in dusty towns and cities all around the country.As he did in his bestselling book The Death of Holden, Royce Kurmelovs reveTrade ReviewBoom and Bust is a dirt-under-the-nails look at the winners, the losers and the impact of the boom that wasn't meant to end. This is a book all Australians should read. * Mildura Midweek *

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Book SynopsisThis is the first comprehensive history of the Scottish economy to be published in a generation. It provides the essential background on current debates on the condition and future of Scotland under devolution.Trade ReviewA welcome addition to the historical literature on modern Scotland ! this is a useful book, which takes the study of economic history in Scotland into some new territory, and will be essential introductory reading on undergraduate courses in the subject. Readable, accessible and welcome!This is a good, brave and stimulating book, one for the policy-makers to digest. -- T. C. Smout A welcome addition to the historical literature on modern Scotland ! this is a useful book, which takes the study of economic history in Scotland into some new territory, and will be essential introductory reading on undergraduate courses in the subject. Readable, accessible and welcome!This is a good, brave and stimulating book, one for the policy-makers to digest.Table of ContentsIntroduction: The Scottish Economy in Historical Context (G.C. Peden);; Part I: 1700-1914; Chapter 1 The Modern Economy: Scotland and the Act of Union (T.M. Devine); Chapter 2 Industrialisation (T.M. Devine); Chapter 3 The Transformation of Agriculture: Cultivation and Clearance; (T.M. Devine); Chapter 4 The Establishment of the Financial Network (C.H. Lee); Chapter 5 Economic Progress: Wealth and Poverty (C.H. Lee);; Part II: 1914-2000; Chapter 6 The Regional Economies of Scotland (David Newlands); Chapter 7 The Modernisation of Scottish Agriculture (Ewen A. Cameron); Chapter 8 Unbalanced Growth: Prosperity and Deprivation (C.H. Lee); Chapter 9 The Managed Economy: Scotland 1919-2000 (G.C. Peden);; Conclusion: The Legacy of the Past and Future Prospects (G.C. Peden).

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Book SynopsisThe first modern history of Scottish woodlands from the time of Scotland's first settlement, focusing on the period 1500 to 1920.Trade ReviewThis book is a superb blend of social history, economic history and environmental history. -- Robert A. Lambert Journal of Scottish Historical Studies At last the light of scholarship is shed on the subject in this enthralling book... This past has been brilliantly recreated by TC Smout, Alan Macdonald and Fiona Watson, and perhaps we can now say that the importance of Scotland's native woodlands is beginning to be properly recognised. -- Hugh G Miller, Emeritus Professor of Forestry, University of Aberdeen The Review This book is a superb blend of social history, economic history and environmental history. At last the light of scholarship is shed on the subject in this enthralling book... This past has been brilliantly recreated by TC Smout, Alan Macdonald and Fiona Watson, and perhaps we can now say that the importance of Scotland's native woodlands is beginning to be properly recognised.Table of ContentsAcknowledgements; List of Black and White Maps; List of Black and White Figures; List of Colour Plates; List of Tables; 1 Introduction; 2 The Extent and Character of the Woods Before 1500; 3 The Extent and Character of the Woods, 1500-1920; 4 Woodland Produce; 5 Woodland as Pasture and Shelter; 6 Trading and Taking Wood Before 1800; 7 Managing the Woods Before 1770; 8 Outsiders and the Woods I: The Pinewoods; 9 Outsiders and the Woods II: Charcoal and Tanbark; 10 Woodland Management in an Industrial Economy, 1830-1920; and Beyond; 11 Rothiemurchus, 1650-1900; 12 The Navy, Holyrood and Strathcarron in the Seventeenth Century; 13 The Irish and Glenorchy, 1721-1740; 14 The MacDonald Woods on Skye, 1720-1920; 15 Conclusion; Bibliography; Index.

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Book SynopsisIf you ever wondered how and why British industry and its empire collapsed, then this is the book to read!

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Book SynopsisAt the beginning of the twentieth century Britain was amongst the world leaders in the production of machine tools, yet by the 1980s the industry was in terminal decline. Focusing on the example of Britain''s largest machine tool maker, Alfred Herbert Ltd of Coventry, this study charts the wider fortunes of this vital part of the manufacturing sector. Taking a chronological approach, the book explores how during the late nineteenth century the industry developed a reputation for excellence throughout the world, before the challenges of two world wars necessitated drastic changes and reorganisations. Despite meeting these challenges and emerging with confidence into the post-war market place, the British machine tool industry never regained its pre-eminent position, and increasingly lost ground to foreign competition. By using the example of Alfred Herbert Ltd to illuminate the broader economic and business history of the British machine tool industry, this study not only provides a Trade Review’The twentieth-century machine tool industry remains little explored by historians of technology, despite being central to modern production... Now we have a valuable addition to the literature with Roger Lloyd-Jones and M.J. Lewis's detailed, chronological history of Alfred Herbert Ltd. and the British machine tool industry. Their careful economic analysis raises many tantalizing historical questions about the complex relationships between technological capability, innovation, and economic success... One of the outstanding features of this study is the importance that the authors accord to understanding firms within the 'market-cum-technological environment'.’ Technology and Culture ’... this book is a welcome addition to the literature and we should be grateful to Lloyd-Jones and Lewis for their hard slog in the archives.’ Business History ’The authors' thorough investigation of primary sources and secondary literature has resulted in a valuable addition to the scholarship on the machine-tool industry.’ Business History Review ’As the authors of this important study point out, the British machine tool industry was the rock on which other industries rested. Yet publications on it are sparse. ...the book will nevertheless stand alongside other key publications in economic history that tell the story of a British industry in authoritative detail. In a period in which academic publication is increasingly influenced by the idiocies of university research assessment exercises, it is encouraging that such scholarly books are still being written.’ Economic History ReviewTable of ContentsContents: Introduction; Technological and business development: British machine tools and the American challenge, 1890-1914; 'A war of machinery': the British machine tool industry, 1914-18; Meeting the challenge: Alfred Herbert and the British machine tool industry, 1918-34; A call to arms: the British machine tool industry, 1935-40; The Second World War and the British machine tool industry; The changing 'game': the British machine tool industry, 1945-60; Responding to the 'game': modernisation and the British machine tool industry in the 1960s; Business strategy and business structure: Alfred Herbert 1950-70; The 'end game': the British machine tool industry in the 1970s, and the fall of Alfred Herbert; Appendices; Bibliography; Index.

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Book Synopsis''Aristocracies'', ''Old Regime colonial elites'' - from Adam Smith to Karl Marx and beyond, scholars have discussed their role in the rise of the modern world, in economic development and capitalism. Generally speaking and with the exception of the English landlords, the verdict has been always negative. Furthermore, historians have usually viewed the Ancien régime aristocracies and colonial elites as social groups with entirely irrational or completely apathetic attitudes towards the management of their estates. This book constitutes the first attempt to analyse the question in a more critical and historical way. It takes a directly comparative approach, covering countries from Peru to Russia and from Naples to England in the early modern period and up to the end of the 18th century. The rationale of how these elites administered their patrimonies, its political, social and sometime moral dimensions, and the real effects of all this on economic development are considered here as keyTrade Review'... [a] magnificent collection of essays written by experts in the field'. EH.Net Book ReviewsTable of ContentsContents: Introduction, Paul Janssens & Bartolomé Yun-Casalilla; Old regime aristocracies, colonial elites and economic development: a reconsideration, Bartolomé Yun-Casalilla. Northern Europe: Landlords and economic development in England, 1450-1800, Robert C. Allen; The characteristics of an aristocratic economy in France, 16th-18th centuries, Jean Duma; The economic role of the Belgian aristocracy in the 17th and 18th centuries, Karel Degryse and Paul Janssens. Southern Europe: From political and social management to economic management? Castilian aristocracy and economic development, 1450-1800, Bartolomé Yun-Casalilla; the aristocratic estates in Portugal and their management, 1600-1834, Nuno Gonçalo Monteiro; The structure of aristocratic patrimonies in the kingdom of Naples: management strategies and regional development, 16th-18th centuries, Giovanni Muto. Central and Eastern Europe: Two ages of seigniorial economy in Brandenburg-Prussia: structural innovation in the 16th century, productivity gains in the 18th century, William W. Hagen; Entrepreneurship and management on the estates of the Austrian nobility, 1550-1780, Herbert Knittler; Economic activity of the Polish nobility and its consequences: the manorial system in the early modern times, Jerzy Topolski; Early modern Russian estate management and economic development, Richard Hellie. Colonial America: The role of aristocratic management strategies in the economic development of the British North American Chesapeake, Lorena S. Walsh; Ephemeral splendor and a lengthy tradition: the Peruvian aristocracy of the late colonial period, Juan F. Marchena; Brazilian sugar planters as aristocratic managers, 1550-1825, Stuart B. Schwartz; Final considerations: Aristocracies and economic progress under the Ancien Régime, Patrick Karl O'Brien. Selected bibliography; Index.

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Book SynopsisThis is the third collection of articles by Bruce Campbell to appear in the Variorum series. Late medieval England was an overwhelmingly rural society. Never since has such a large proportion of the population lived in the countryside or relied so directly for its livelihood upon agriculture. The lot of a majority of that population was always a hard one - and never more so than during the first half of the 14th century, when peasants competed with each other for ever-scarcer land and work and a succession of major harvest failures jeopardised the survival of many. Nevertheless, experience varied considerably, both during this era of mounting population pressure and the century and more of population decline and stagnation that followed the demographic disaster of the Black Death. How well individual communities coped during these contrasting conditions of expansion and contraction owed much to the quality and composition of their natural-resource endowment, a good deal to their abilTable of ContentsContents: Introduction; Portrait of Britain: AD 1300; Population pressure, inheritance, and the land market in a 14th-century peasant community; The agrarian problem in the early 14th century; The complexity of manorial structure in medieval Norfolk: a case study; A unique estate and a unique source: the Winchester pipe rolls in perspective; England: land and people; The land; North-South dichotomies, 1066-1550; Index.

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Book SynopsisPresents the comprehensive study of Britain's 250 richest people in history, from the time of William the Conqueror to the present.Table of ContentsAbout the authors Introduction The Rich List - Area breakdown of the 250 fortunes - The twelve rich list members who died in prison or as a result of long imprisonment - Violent deaths among the rich list - The 40 richest Americans of all time - Breakdown of the rich list by sector - Rich list members born in the 11th century - Rich list members born in the 12th century - Rich list members born in the 13th century - Rich list members born in the 14th century - Rich list members born in the 15th century - Rich list members born in the 16th century - Rich list members born in the 17th century - Rich list members born in the 18th century - Rich list members born in the 19th century - Rich list members born in the 20th century Appendices The Rich List in alphabetical order Key dates in the growth of private wealth The Rules of Engagement Index

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Book SynopsisThis collection of essays, two of which appear in print for the first time, documents the late Holden Furberâs discovery that private ventures, most manifestly deployed in the âcountry tradeâ between Asian ports, played a major role in the European expansion in India before the age of empire. Furber vividly describes how individual entrepreneurs used their positions with East India Companies to build personal fortunes, and how these private endeavours, for which the English East India Company gave more latitude, ultimately worked to the benefit of British power in India. One of the continuing strengths of his work remains its use of archival sources, not only British, but also other archival records, in particular those of The Netherlands and Scandinavia. The essays also highlight important connections, between chartered and âclandestineâ trade, and piracy; of multinational private investments in the increasingly dominant East India Company; and between the trade of the Indian Ocean and Pacific worlds.Trade Review'This commemorative collection of papers is justified by present interest as well as intrinsic value...Furber shows us how history can be, indeed should be, an art as well as a science, even amid the toil of opening up a new field of study.' The Scottish Historical Review 'Although the last of Holden Furber’s major writings appeared in the mid-1970s, his work has not only been very influential in the past but is still widely consulted. A collection of his essays, with the additional bonus of two pieces never previously published, is therefore most welcome.' The International History Review, Vol. XX, No. 2 'As ever, Variorum has provided a great service to scholars and students by publishing the collected works of a leading historian, in this case Holden Furber (1903”93) who, over the course of a lengthy career, established himself as an authority on European trade and imperialism in Asia during the eighteenth century. Our debt to Variorum and the editor is increased considerably on this occasion, because this collection of 14 articles and papers produced by Furber between 1935 and 1976 is drawn from a wide range of often inaccessible publications and includes two items published here for the first time. We are presented with a body of work which, in its totality, represents a major contribution to analysis of the dynamic forces behind, and the form taken by, the European presence in the East.' Journal of Imperial and Commonwealth History, Vol. 26, No. 3 '... an important book. Full of sympathetic insights, written with enjoyment and scrupulous scholarship, it contains the mature reflections of a master, of his sources and of this craft.' The Mariner's MirrorTable of ContentsContents: An abortive attempt at Anglo-Spanish cooperation in the Far East in 1793; The beginnings of American trade with India 1784-1812; The united company of merchants of England trading to the East Indies 1783-96; Madras in 1787; The overland route to India in the 17th and 18th centuries; The East India Company’s financial records; In the footsteps of a German Nabob: William Bolts in the Swedish archives; Bombay presidency in the mid-18th century; Glimpses of life and trade on the Hugli 1720-1770; Madras Presidency in the mid-18th century; The growth of British power in India 1708-1748; The India trade in the Pacific through two centuries 1600-1800; Major Forbes Ross MacDonald and the Arab world: Britain, India and the Middle East 1791-1798; The history of East India companies: general problems; Index.

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Book SynopsisThis volume, together with its companion Manufacturing and Labour, examines the economic basis of the early Islamic world, looking at the organization of extractive and agricultural operations, manufacturing processes and labour relations. Mining, stock raising, agriculture and irrigation are the themes of this volume. The work is based on both literary sources and archaeology, and is concerned with the extraction of raw materials and production based on natural resources and domesticated animals. Some classic articles are included because they defined the issues and deserve to be available due to their continuing significance. These are balanced by state-of-the art studies, and by others translating and commenting on important texts in areas where analytic studies have yet to be carried out. This body of work provides a sense of the intensity of exploitation of natural resources in early Islamic times, of how labour and energy-intensive mining, agriculture and irrigation were, and ofTable of ContentsContents: Introduction. Mining: Sources of gold and silver in Islam according to al-Hamdani, D.M. Dunlop; Preliminary report on the third phase of Ancient Mining Survey Southwestern Province, J. Hester; Patterns of early Islamic metallurgy in Oman, Gerd Weisberger. Stock Raising: The edge of empire: the archaeology of pastoral nomads in the Southern Negev highlands in late antiquity, Steven A. Rosen and Gideon Avni; The Bedouins of Egypt during the first centuries of the Hijra, Abdel Hamid Saleh; The relationship between pastoral nomadism and agriculture: northern Syria and the Jazira in the 11th century, Jean-Luc Krawczyk. Agriculture: Settlement of highlands and lowlands in early Islamic Damghan, Kathryn Maurer Trinkaus; Rice in the Middle East in the first centuries of Islam, Marius Canard; Managing a farm according to the Nabataean agriculture, Toufic Fahd; The calendar of agricultural tasks according to Al-Falaha al-Nabatiyya, Toufic Fahd; Agriculture in Muslim Spain, Expiración García-Sánchez; A medieval green revolution: new crops and farming techniques in the early Islamic world, Andrew M. Watson. Irrigation: Sassanian and early Islamic water-control and irrigation systems on the Deh Luran Plain, Iran, James A. Neely; The origin and spread of Qanats in the Old World, Paul Ward English; The origins of the Aflaj of Oman, J.C. Wilkinson; Notes on traditional hydraulics and agriculture in Oman, Paolo M. Costa; Hydraulic technology in Al-Andalus, Thomas F. Glick; Index.

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Book SynopsisSocial and Economic Life in Byzantium is the third selection of papers by the late Nicolas Oikonomides to be published in the Variorum Collected Studies Series; a fourth, Society, Culture and Politics in Byzantium, will follow in 2005. The present volume is centred upon the period from the 9th to the 11th century, and a series of examinations into the society and economic activity of the Byzantine world. Other groups of studies investigate relations between state and church, monasteries in particular, aspects of the history of the Slavs in the Balkans, and topics in Byzantine epigraphy.Table of ContentsContents: Introduction, Michael McCormick; Church and State: Tax exemptions for the secular clergy under Basil II; La brebis égarée et retrouvée: l'apostat et son retour; The first century of the Monastery of Hosios Loukas; Le bateau de Chilandar; O Athos kai to Stouditikou protypo koinobiou; To dikastiko pronomio tes Neas Mones Chiou; The monastery of Patmos in the 11th and 12th Centuries and its economic functions. Society and Economy: Silk trade and production in Byzantium from the 6th to the 9th century: the seals of kommerkiarioi; De l'impôt de distribution à l'impôt de quotité: à propos du premier cadastre byzantin (7e-9e siècle); Middle-Byzantine provincial recruits: salary and armament; Terres du fisc et revenu de la terre aux Xe-XIe siècles; Le marchand byzantin des provinces (IXe-XIe s.); The economic region of Constantinople: from directed economy to free economy, and the role of the Italians; Se poio bathmo etan ekchrematismene e mesobyzantine oikonomia?; The Jews of Chios (1049): a group of excusati; The social structure of the Byzantine countryside in the first half of the 10th century; Title and income at the Byzantine court; To oplo tou chrematos; Il livello economico di Creta negli anni intorno al 1204; Liens de vassalité dans un apanage byzantin du XIIe siècle; Life and society in 11th-century Constantinople; The contents of the Byzantine house from the 11th to the 15th century. The Balkans and the Slavs: The medieval Via Egnatia; St Andrew, Joseph the Hymnographer and the Slavs of Patras; A propos de la première occupation byzantine de la Bulgarie (971-ca 986); A note on the campaign of Staurakios in the Peloponnese (783/84). Epigraphy: Pour une nouvelle lecture des inscriptions de Skripou en Béotie; L'épigraphie des bulles de plomb byzantines; Le tour du grand chartulaire Lapardas à Thessalonique; Index.

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Book Synopsis

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Book Synopsis

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Book SynopsisThe Kwansei Gakuin University obtained a notebook of John S. Mill's sojourn in France (1820-21) in February 2001. This notebook consists of diary entries dated from July 20 to September 15, 1820 and miscellaneous notes. One remarkable feature of this notebook is its inclusion of the entries dated from August 3 to 9, that are missing from both the Journal in the British Library collection and the notebook in the St. Andrews University Library collection. The book reproduces the entries of this week-long blank, and in doing so, presents a picture of John S. Mill's life in this week. According to these entries, his French language, French literature, chemistry, zoology, metaphysics, logic, mathematics and other lessons continued right up until August 9, the day before his departure on a trip to the Pyrenees. He not only read books and studied French as before but also wrote an essay about dialogue on government. Finally, the book presents a complete version oTrade Review"There is a very useful short introduction written by Professor Inoue and many very helpful notes. This is a most welcome publication to which everyone interested in having the full available record of one of J. S. Mill’s most formative experiences must turn."Georgios Varouxakis, Queen Mary University of London, The European Journal of the History of Economic Thought"Anyone who spends time in archives will feel the familiar excitement of opening the facsimile edition and seeing the handwriting of the subject of interest, shortly followed by the frustration of not being able to read much of it. This edition has the advantage of a transcription and annotation of the notebook, for which we owe the editor, Takutoshi Inoue, a debt."Evelyn L. Forget, University of Manitoba, The European Journal of the History of Economic ThoughtTable of Contents1. Introduction 2. Editorial Notes and Acknowledgements 3. Facsimile Reproduction of the Notebook in Kwansei Gakuin University Library 4. Transcribed Text of the Notebook with Annotations

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Book SynopsisThis book examines the emergence of professional advertising in western India during the interwar period. It explores the ways in which global manufacturers advanced a brand-name capitalism' among the Indian middle class by promoting the sale of global commodities during the 1920s and 1930s, a time when advertising was first introduced in India as a profession and underwent critical transformations. Analysing the cultural strategies, both verbal and visual, used by foreign businesses in their advertisements to capture urban consumers, Haynes argues that the promoters of various commodities crystalized their campaigns around principles of modern conjugality. He also highlights the limitations of brand-name capitalism during this period, examining both its inability to cultivate markets in the countryside or among the urban poor, and its failure to secure middle-class customers. With numerous examples of illustrated advertisements taken from Indian newspapers, the book discusses campaiTrade ReviewA landmark contribution in the history of global capitalism, Haynes crafts an aesthetic visual archive of the modern professional advertising world in colonial western India. The book’s phenomenal textual analysis of advertisements in various languages and cities is indispensable for scholarship on urban middle classes, modern conjugality, gender relations, consumption practices, masculinities, medicine and sexual sciences. * Charu Gupta, Professor of History, University of Delhi, India *By showing how advertisements for consumer products drew upon and reinforced ideas about family and conjugality, Haynes connects the history of business with the making of a middle class in India. This is a path-breaking book, not least for the novel material analysed with insight and elegance. * Tirthankar Roy, Professor of Economic History, London School of Economics, UK *In this rich cultural history, Haynes traces how advertisers in India interwove global commodity trends and localized concerns, responding to and shaping new ideas of gender and family. Where other scholars have analyzed individual ads to explore ideas of health, modernity or class, Haynes draws out in compelling detail where and why ads took the form they did, connecting culture and commerce, capital and politics. * Abigail McGowan, Professor of History, University of Vermont, USA *Table of ContentsList of Illustrations Preface Acknowledgements Abbreviations Introduction 1. Brand-name Capitalism and Professional Advertising in India 2. Consumers: European Expatriates and the Indian Middle Class 3. Tonics and the Marketing of Conjugal Masculinity 4. Advertising and the Female Consumer: Feluna, Ovaltine and Beauty Soaps 5. Lever Brothers, Soap Advertising, and the Family 6. The Invention of a Cooking Medium: Cocogem and Dalda 7. Electrical Household Technologies: Fracturing the Ideal Home Chapter VIII: Conclusion: Interwar Advertising and India’s Contemporary ....................... Bibliography Index

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Book SynopsisStephen Deng is Associate Professor of English at Michigan State University, USA.Table of ContentsList of Illustrations Notes on Contributors Series Preface, Bill Maurer, University of California Irvine, USA Introduction, Stephen Deng, Michigan State University, USA 1. Money and its Technologies: Mining, Metallurgy, Minting, and Non-Metallic Monetary Forms, Arturo Giráldez, University of the Pacific, Stockton, USA 2. Money and its Ideas: Justice, Sovereignty, and the Idea of Money as Commodity, Bradley D. Ryner, Arizona State University, USA 3. Money, Ritual, and Religion: God’s Stamp and the Problem of Usury, Stephen Deng, Michigan State University, USA 4. Money and the Everyday: Reputation, History, and Symbolism on the Eastern African Coast, Stephanie Wynne-Jones, University of York, UK 5. Money, Art, and Representation: Text, Image, and Message, Barrie Cook, British Museum, UK 6. Money and its Interpretation: Two Early Modern Transactions, David J. Baker, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, USA 7. Money and the Issues of the Age: Coinage, Sovereignty, and the Liquidity of Imagination, Brian Sheerin, St. Edward's University, Austin, USA Notes Bibliography Index

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Book SynopsisThe nineteenth century was a time of intense monetization of social life: increasingly money became the only means of access to goods and services, especially in the new metropolises; new technologies and infrastructures emerged for saving and circulating money and for standardizing coinage; and paper currencies were printed, founded purely on trust without any intrinsic metallic value. But the monetary landscape was ambivalent so that the forces unifying monetary practice (imperial and national currencies, global monetary standards such as the gold standard) coexisted with the proliferation of local currencies. Money became a central issue in politics, the arts, and sciences - and the modern discipline of economics was born, with its claim to a monopoly on knowing and governing money. Drawing upon a wealth of visual and textual sources, A Cultural History of Money in the Age of Empire presents essays that examine key cultural case studies of the period on the themes of technolTable of ContentsList of Illustrations Notes on Contributors Series Preface, Bill Maurer, University of California Irvine, USA Introduction: Monetary Landscapes of the Nineteenth-Century, Federico Neiburg, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil and Nigel Dodd, London School of Economics and Political Science, UK 1. Money and its Technologies: Inventing the Future through Money - Images of Monetization in Nineteenth Century American Patents, Juan Pablo Pardo-Guerra, University of California ,San Diego, USA 2. Money and its Ideas: Colonial Currencies, Money Illusions, Gopalan Balachandran, Graduate Institute of International and Development Studies, Geneva, Switzerland 3. Money, Ritual, and Religion: Reason, Race, and the Re-enchantment of the World, Bill Maurer, University of California Irvine, USA 4. Money and the Everyday: Paper Money, Community, and Nationalism in the Antebellum US, Michael O’Malley, George Mason University, USA 5. Money, Art, and Representation: ‘t’was only a balloon’ - Seeing and Satire in the Cultural History of Money, Nicky Marsh, University of Southampton, UK 6. Money and its Interpretation: The Century of Mobility and Acceleration and its Money, Leopoldo Waizbort, University of São Paulo, Brazil 7. Money and the Issues of the Age, Nigel Dodd, London School of Economics and Political Science, UK Notes Bibliography Index

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Book SynopsisTaylor C. Nelms is the Managing Director of Research at the Filene Research Institute, USA. David Pedersen is Associate Professor of Anthropology at the University of California, San Diego, USA.Table of ContentsList of Illustrations Notes on Contributors Series Preface, Bill Maurer, University of California Irvine, USA Introduction: Money - Cultural, Historical, Modern, Taylor C. Nelms, Filene Research Institute, USA and David Pedersen, University of California, San Diego, USA 1. Money and its Technologies: Making Money Move in the Modern Era, Lana Swartz, University of Virginia, USA and David L. Stearns, University of Washington, USA 2. Money and its Ideas: Between Technocracy and Democracy, Michael Beggs, University of Sydney, Australia 3. Money, Ritual, and Religion: The Horror of It (the Prosperity Gospel and the Myth of Deterritorialization), Jon Bialecki, University of Edinburgh, UK 4. Money and the Everyday: Instability and Inventiveness in the Modern Age, Taylor C. Nelms, Filene Research Institute, USA and Jane I. Guyer, Johns Hopkins University, USA 5. Money, Art, and Representation: Six Artists, Two Crises (1973, 2008), Max Haiven, Lakehead University, Canada 6. Money and its Interpretation: The Future of Money in Speculative Fiction, Sherryl Vint, University of California, Riverside, USA 7. Money and the Issues of the Age: The Nature of Money and Post-Crisis Proposals for Reform, Yeva Nersisyan, Franklin and Marshall College, USA and L. Randall Wray, Bard College, USA Notes Bibliography Index

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Book SynopsisExploring the professional and political ideas of Newfoundland naval governors during the French Wars, this book traces the evolution of the Naval Governorship and administration of the region, shedding a light on a critical period of its early modern history. Contextualising Newfoundland as part of Britain's broader Atlantic Empire, Morrow focuses on the years 1793-1815 as it transitioned from a largely migratory fishery and nursery of seaman' to a colonial settlement with a resident British and Irish population. With a diversifying economy and growing demography amidst the French Revolutionary and Napoleonic Wars, the governors of Newfoundland faced a unique set of challenges. Drawing upon various primary and secondary sources, Morrow provides a comprehensive account of their responses to the perceived needs of those they governed - both settler and indigenous - and reveals the professional attitudes and attributes they brought to bear on both their civil and military responsibilitieTrade Review“This is a well-researched, detailed and original study, and a major contribution to its field. In this groundbreaking and well researched study, Professor Morrow does an excellent job of outlining the role of naval officers in governing Newfoundland, shedding light not just on the history of the province but on its place in the wider world during a turbulent and crucially important period.” * Martin Wilcox, University of Hull, UK *“An excellent study that places Newfoundland into context with the 18th century British Atlantic Empire and demonstrates the great difficulty Naval Governors faced in balancing the needs and comfort of the residents with the requirements of a nation at prolonged war.” * J. Ross Dancy, Associate Professor, U.S. Naval War College, USA *Table of ContentsIntroduction 1. Appointing Wartime Naval Governors 2. The Routine of Naval Command 3. The Routine of Civil Government 4. Authority, Discipline and Public Order 5. Public Welfare and Measures of Civic Improvement 6. Naval Government, the Indigenous People and the Failure of ‘Conciliation’ 7. Reforming the Framework of Naval Government Conclusion Bibliography

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Book SynopsisP.D.A. Harvey is a historian of medieval rural England with a wide interest in the history of cartography; this collection of his essays brings together both these strands. It first looks at the English countryside from the 10th century to the 15th, investigating problems in particular documents, in the village community and in underlying long-term changes. How landlords drew profits from their property in the eleventh and twelfth centuries, how and why there followed changes in the way landed estates were run and in the written records they produced, what new light their personal seals can throw on medieval peasants, are all among the topics discussed, while the local management of large estates and the development of the peasant land market are themes that recur throughout. There follow essays on the way maps were brought into the management of landed estates in the 16th and 17th centuries, starting with the introduction of consistent scale into mapping, a new concept crucially imporTrade Review'Manors and Maps is a fitting testament to the oeuvre of Professor Harvey and is recommended to any serious scholar of medieval and early modern English history and cartography.' IMCoS Journal 'All of the essays brought together in this collection are masterpieces that will stand the test of time, and each is a delight to read, expressed in clear, jargon-free prose, of a kind all too rare in academic writing today.' Nigel Saul, Economic History ReviewTable of ContentsContents: Preface; Rectitudines singularum personarum and Gerefa; The manorial reeve in 12th-century England; English cathedral estates in the 12th century; Non-agrarian activities in 12th-century English estate surveys; Initiative and authority in settlement change; The Pipe Rolls and the adoption of demesne farming in England; The English inflation of 1180-1220; Boldon Book and the wards between Tyne and Tees; Aspects of the peasant land market in England, 13th-15th centuries; The peasant land market in medieval England - and beyond; Personal seals in 13th-century England; Agricultural treatises and manorial accounting in medieval England; Mid-13th-century accounts from Bury St Edmunds Abbey; The Portsmouth map of 1545 and the introduction of scale maps into England; Estate surveyors and the spread of the scale-map in England 1550-80; A manuscript estate map by Christopher Saxton; English estate maps: their early history and their use as historical evidence; The documents of landscape history: snares and delusions; Index.

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Book SynopsisThe history of the economic contacts between Asia and Europe dates back to at least the early years of the Common Era. But it was only after the overcoming of the transport technology barrier to the growth of trade between the two continents following the discovery by the Portuguese at the end of the 15th century of the all-water route to the East Indies that these contacts became regular and quantitatively significant. The Portuguese were joined at the beginning of the 17th century by the Dutch and the English East India companies. The Europeans operated in the Indian Ocean alongside the Indian and other Asian merchants with no special privileges being available to them. The present collection of essays by Professor Om Prakash first deals with the Indian merchants' participation in the Indian Ocean trade on the eve of the Europeans' arrival in the Ocean. The subsequent essays include a discussion of the Portuguese involvement in the Euro-Asian and the Indian Ocean trade. Attention iTable of ContentsContents: Introduction. Euro-Asian Encounter: Euro-Asian encounter in the early modern period. India in the Indian Ocean Trade: India in the Indian Ocean trading network on the eve of the Europeans’ arrival in the Asian seas. European Trading Enterprises: (a) The Portuguese: Asian merchants and the Portuguese trade in Asia; The economic dimension of the Portuguese enterprise in Asia; Cooperation and conflict among European traders in the Indian Ocean in the late 18th century; (b) The Dutch: Financing the European trade with Asia in the early modern period: Dutch initiatives and innovations; 17th-century India as seen by the Dutch; (c) The English: The English East India Company and India; (d) The Dutch and the English: Alternative trading strategies: the Dutch and the English East India Companies in Asia, 1600-1650. European Private Traders: European private traders in the eastern Indian Ocean trading network in the early modern period; English private trade in the western Indian Ocean, 1720-1740. Textile Manufacturing and Trade: Bengal textiles in 17th-century international trade; From negotiation to coercion: textile manufacturing in India in the 18th century. Long Distance Trade, Coinage and Wages: Long distance trade, coinage and wages in India, 1600-1960. Trade and Politics in 18th-Century Bengal: Trade and politics in 18th century Bengal. Index.

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Book SynopsisAngeliki Laiou (1941-2008), one of the leading Byzantinists of her generation, broke new ground in the study of the social and economic history of the Byzantine Empire. Byzantium and the Other: Relations and Exchanges, the second of three volumes to be published posthumously in the Variorum Collected Studies Series, brings together fourteen articles published between 1982 and 2012 that reflect her enduring interest in Byzantium''s political, ideological, and commercial relations with its neighbours. The first three articles examine Byzantine attitudes and institutional responses to foreigners and strangers within the empire, while the next four concern Byzantium''s response to the Crusades and, more generally, to questions of justice in the spheres of conflict and colonisation. The final seven articles investigate Byzantium''s political and commercial relations with other regional and Mediterranean powers; particular emphasis is placed on Venice and Genoa, whose increasing involvement Trade Review'As this collection of papers worthily represents, Angeliki Laiou’s scholarship deserves wide dissemination and readership for those interested in Byzantium, the Crusades, and Mediterranean economic history. Her insightful interaction with numerous sources both Byzantine and otherwise coupled with her originality of approach make for both interesting and essential reading. The editors, Cécile Morrison and Rowan Dorin, as well as Ashgate, deserve our gratitude for bringing these articles together and making them accessible.' Reviews in HistoryTable of ContentsContents: Preface, Cécile Morrisson and Rowan Dorin; Introduction, David Jacoby; Part I Byzantium and the Other: The foreigner and the stranger in 12th-century Byzantium: means of propitiation and acculturation; L'étranger de passage et l'étranger privilégié Ã Byzance, XIe - XIIe siècles; Institutional mechanisms of integration. Part II Byzantium and the Crusades: Byzantium and the crusades in the 12th century: why was the 4th Crusade late in coming?; On just war in Byzantium; The just war of eastern Christians and the Holy War of the crusaders; The many faces of medieval colonization. Part III Long Distance Trade and Relations: Byzantine trade with Christians and Muslims and the crusades; Venice as a centre of trade and of artistic production in the 13th century; Italy and the Italians in the political geography of the Byzantines (14th century); Monopoly and privilege: the Byzantine reaction to the Genoese presence in the Black Sea; Monopoly and privileged free trade in the Eastern Mediterranean (8th-14th century); Regional networks in the Balkans in the middle and late Byzantine period; Byzantium and the neighboring powers: small-state policies and complexities; Index.

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Book SynopsisAs seen from the perspective of 1492, the medieval expansion of Latin Europe was nowhere as dramatic or enduring as in the Iberian Peninsula and the Atlantic. Its Christian kingdoms continued their advance against Al-Andalus up to 1492, whereas territorial expansion elsewhere against the Muslim world had either ceased or subsided by the late 13th century. Castile and Portugal also transformed the Atlantic Ocean from the inaccessible dead-end of Eurasia into the most promising avenue for European expansion for the first time in history. The articles collected in this volume explore the causes and the nature of this expansion, from a variety of historical traditions. They investigate the extent to which the 'transference' of Mediterranean traditions aided this process; the characteristics of Iberian conflict that eventually led to the success of its Christian kingdoms; and the motives for launching, and techniques for running, the first European 'overseas empires' in the unfolding AtlantTrade Review'There is much to admire in this collection of essays. Readers of this Journal will find in it a multifaceted, stimulating and useful account of Iberian expansion into the Atlantic in the fifteenth century.' International Journal of Maritime HistoryTable of ContentsContents: Contents: Introduction; Bibliography; Part I The Background: The expedition of the brothers Vivaldi: new archival evidence, Jill Moore; The role of the Italian merchant class in Renaissance and discoveries, Thomas Goldstein; The origins of the European Atlantic, Felipe Fernández-Armesto. Part II Peninsular Reconquests: The survival of a notion of Reconquista in late 10th- and 11th-century León, Felipe Fernández-Armesto; Reconquest and crusade in Spain c.1050-1150, R.A. Fletcher; The frontier and Castilian liberties, Claudio Sánchez Albornoz; Trading with the ‘other’: economic exchanges between Jews, Muslims, and Christians in late medieval northern Castile, Teofilo F. Ruiz; From the Reconquista to Portugal Islâmico: Islamic heritage in the shifting discourses of Portuguese historiography and national identity, Abdoolkarim Vakil; The Reconquest as crusade in the anonymous De expugatione Lyxbonensi, Stephen Lay. Part III The Castilian Ocean: The Atlantic islands and the development of southern Castile at the turn of the 15th century, Carlos-Alberto Campos; Castile, Portugal and the Canary Islands: claims and counterclaims, 1344-1479, Joseph F. O’Callaghan; An ecohistory of the Canary islands: a precursor of European colonialization in the New World and Australia, Alfred W. Crosby. Part IV The Portuguese Ocean: White kings on black kings: Rui de Pina and the problem of black African sovereignty, P.E. Russell; Prince Henry the Navigator: the rise and fall of a culture hero, P.E. Russell; Before Columbus: Portugal’s African prelude to the Middle Passage and contribution to discourse on race and slavery, A.J.R. Russell-Wood; Slavery and slaving in the Portuguese Atlantic (to about 1500), Anthony Luttrell; Feudal and demesnial forms of Portuguese colonization in the Atlantic zone in the 14th and 15th centuries, especially under Henry the Navigator, Charles Verlinden; The settlement of Madeira and the sugar cane plantations, Virginia Rau; How the South was won - and how Portuguese discoveries began, P.E.H. Hair; Index.

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Book SynopsisWhile Latin expansion stalled in the Eastern Mediterranean in the late Middle Ages, Islam lost ground to Christendom in the west - in the Spanish Levant, the islands of the Western Mediterranean, and even on the Maghribi coast, where conquerors and colonists from the northern shore of the sea established footholds. Edited by Eleanor Congdon, with an introduction by Felipe FernÃndez-Armesto and James Muldoon, this collection of classic studies illuminates the problems of how the expansion occurred and why it was slow and limited. The volume broaches fundamental questions of Mediterranean history formulated by Henri Pirenne and Fernand Braudel. The place of the late medieval Western Mediterranean in the history of the sea as a whole and of European overseas expansion generally emerges with new clarity, as the reader re-traces the process of formation of one of the world's great frontiers between civilizations. Important work by Maria Teresa Ferrer i Mallol appears in translation for theTable of ContentsContents: Introduction; Bibliography; Part I The Rise of Pisa and Genoa: The Mahdia campaign of 1087, H.E.J. Cowdrey; The politics of violence and trade: Denia and Pisa in the 11th century, Travis Bruce; The routine of commerce between Genoa and North-West Africa during the late 12th century, Hilmar C. Krueger; Genoese merchants in Catalan lands, Maria Teresa Ferrer i Mallol. Part II The Coming of the Normans and the End of Islam in Italy: The occasion of the coming of the Normans to Southern Italy, John France; The end of Muslim Sicily, David S.H. Abulafia; Muslim-Christian relations in medieval southern Italy, Julie Anne Taylor. Part III The Conquests of the House of Barcelona: Free Moslems in the Balearics under Christian rule in the 13th century, Elena Lourie; Journey from Islam: incipient cultural transition in the conquered kingdom of Valencia (1240-1280), R. Ignatius Burns; Social riots on the Christian-Moslem frontier (13th-century Valencia), R. Ignatius Burns. Part IV Latin Colonisation in the Maghrib: Christian-Islamic confrontation in the West: the 13th-century dream of conversion, R. Ignatius Burns; Conversion and St Louis’s last crusade, Michael Lower; The Christian community of Tunis at the time of St Louis’ crusade, AD 1270, Ronald A. Messier. Part V The Conquest of Granada: Captives, children and conversion: a case from Nasrid Granada, Manuela Marin and Rachid El Hour; Mudéjares and repobladores in the kingdom of Granada (1485-1501), Miguel-Angel Ladero Quesada; The cannon conquest of Nasrid Spain and the end of the Reconquista, Weston F. Cook Jr; Index.

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Book SynopsisMark Blackburn was one of the leading scholars of the numismatics and monetary history of the British Isles and Scandinavia during the early medieval period. He published more than 200 books and articles on the subject, and was instrumental in building bridges between numismatics and associated disciplines, in fostering international communication and cooperation, and in establishing initiatives to record new coin finds. This memorial volume of essays commemorates Mark Blackburn's considerable achievement and impact on the field, builds on his research and evaluates a vibrant period in the study of early medieval monetary history. Containing a broad range of high-quality research from both established figures and younger scholars, the essays in this volume maintain a tight focus on Europe in the early Middle Ages (6th-12th centuries), reflecting Mark's primary research interests. In geographical terms the scope of the volume stretches from Spain to the Baltic, with a concentration of Trade Review'Taken collectively, the contributions in this volume are impressive and illuminating. They serve as a testament to Blackburn's impact on the historical study of northwestern Europe in the early medieval period. They also highlight the dynamic economic life of a period often considered economically stagnant.' Medieval ReviewTable of ContentsContents: Foreword; Introduction: Mark Blackburn and early medieval monetary history, Rory Naismith, Martin Allen and Elina Screen. Part I Progress in Early Medieval Monetary History: Coins and currency in Viking England, AD 865-954, Gareth Williams; Prelude to reform: 10th-century English coinage in perspective, Rory Naismith; Coinage and currency under William I and William II, Martin Allen. Part II Interdisciplinary Perspectives: XPICTIANA RELIGIO and the tomb of Christ, Martin Biddle; The portrait coinage of Charlemagne, Simon Coupland; M for Mark: the iconography of Series M, variants and the Agnus Dei, Anna Gannon; The stylistic structure of Edward the Confessor’s coinage, Tuukka Talvio; Bovo soldare: a sacred cow of Spanish economic history re-evaluated, Jonathan Jarrett. Part III Use and Circulation of Currency: Byzantine coins in early Medieval Britain: a Byzantinist’s assessment, Cécile Morrisson; Thrymsas and sceattas and the balance of payments, D.M. Metcalf; The use of coin in the Carolingian Empire in the 9th century, Simon Coupland; Monetary activity in Viking-Age Ireland: the evidence of the single-finds, Andrew R. Woods; Vestfold: a monetary perspective on the Viking Age, Svein H. Gullbekk; Currency conversion: coins, Christianity and Norwegian society in the late 10th and 11th centuries, Elina Screen; Islamic and Christian gold coins from Spanish mints found in England, mid-11th to mid-13th centuries, Marion M. Archibald. Part IV Coins and Coin Hoards in Context: A 7th-century Anglo-Saxon solidus pendant of the Cross-on-Steps type found in Kent, Stewart Lyon, with an appendix by Michael Cowell; A small hoard of Burgred pennies from Banbury Castle, Oxfordshire, David Symons; The 1699 Port Glasgow hoard, Hugh Pagan; The Viking invasions 885-889 and the activity of the mint of Rouen, Jens Christian Moesgaard with the collaboration of Michel Dhénin; The Swordless St Peter coinage of York, c.905-c.919, Megan Gooch; The 2003 Glenfaba hoard (c.1030)

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Book SynopsisWritten by prominent economist, Raymond Parsons, together with Ali Parry, this book offers a balanced and absorbing analysis of what various institutions and individuals have (and have not) done to eradicate the legacy of apartheid and bring South Africa to where it is today.

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Book SynopsisBringing together essays from experts in a variety of disciplines, this collection explores two of the most important facets of life within the medieval Europe: money and the church. By focusing on the interactions between these subjects, the volume addresses four key themes. Firstly it offers new perspectives on the role of churchmen in providing conceptual frameworks, from outright condemnation, to sophisticated economic theory, for the use and purpose of money within medieval society. Secondly it discusses the dichotomy of money for the church and its officers: on one hand voices emphasise the moral difficulties in engaging with money, on the other the reality of the ubiquitous use of money in the church at all levels and in places within Christendom. Thirdly it places in dialogue interdisciplinary perspectives and approaches, and evidence from philosophy, history, literature and material culture, to the issues of money and church. Lastly, the volume provides new perspectives on theTrade Review'[This] book does an excellent job of picking apart the many interconnections between money and religion in the period, and its most valuable contribution is to show the fallacy of viewing the Church as monolithic in this regard. There was no single, official 'Church attitude' to money; practices and viewpoints were malleable depending on circumstance, which the wide-ranging case studies offered [in this volume] highlight well.' - Aleksandra McClain, The Journal for the Society of Medieval Archaeology.'We have come a long way in the last half-century in our understanding of the Church's involvement in and influence on medieval economic life and thought. The thirteen essays in this volume present excellent examples of this sophisticated understanding.' - Joel Kaye, The Catholic Historical Review.'In highlighting how economic concerns were never entirely divorced from moral and spiritual ones this volume provides new insights into the problems and dilemmas that medieval people faced when dealing with money.' - Pamela Nightingale, Economic History Review.Table of ContentsPart 1 Attitudes to Money within the Church: Turpe lucrum? Wealth, money and coinage in the Millennial Church Contemplating money and wealth in monastic writing c.1060-c.1160. Nummus falsus: the perception of counterfeit money in the 11th and early 12th century. A herald of scholasticism: Alan of Lille on economic virtues. Part 2 Buying, Selling and Building: The Use of Money by the Church: Financing cathedral-building in the Middle Ages: the 11th to 13th centuries. The Church and money in 12th century England. The Church and monetization in early medieval Denmark, c. 1060-1160. The Church, markets and money in early medieval England. Part 3 Money and Power: Coinage, Salvation and Ritual: From HEINRICVS REX to ROTHARDVS ABBAS - monastic coinage under the Ottonians and Salians (c. 911-1125). Saints, dukes and bishops: coinage in ducal Normandy, c. 930-c. 1150. Saints, sinners and ... a cow: offerings, alms and tokens of memory. The Church and money in Norway c. 1050-1250: salvation and monetisation. [Front cover background image: Laon Cathedral, late twelfth/early thirteenth century. Image: Giles E. M. Gasper]

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Book SynopsisStefan Krmnicek is Professor of Ancient Numismatics at the University of Tübingen, Germany.Table of ContentsList of Illustrations Notes on Contributors Series Preface, Bill Maurer, University of California Irvine, USA Introduction: Money Made the Ancient World Go Round, Stefan Krmnicek, University of Tübingen, Germany 1. Money and its Technologies: Production, Distribution, and Impact, Andrea Casoli, State Collection of Coins and Medals of the Canton of Ticino, Switzerland and Marc Philipp Wahl, Martin von Wagner Museum, University of Würzburg, Germany 2. Money and its Ideas: State Control and Military Expenses, François de Callataÿ, Free University of Brussels, Belgium 3. Money, Ritual, and Religion: Noneconomic Qualities of Coinage, Stefan Krmnicek, University of Tübingen, Germany 4. Money and the Everyday: Multiple Moneys for Multiple Users, Stéphane Martin, University of Poitiers, France 5. Money, Art, and Representation: A Look at the Roman World, Nathan T. Elkins, Baylor University, USA 6. Money and its Interpretation: Archaeological and Anthropological Perspectives, Alicia Jiménez, Duke University, USA 7. Money and the Issues of the Age: Power, Contact, and Identity, Clare Rowan, University of Warwick, UK Notes Bibliography Index

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