Economic history Books

Book SynopsisDrawing on largely unexplored nineteenth- and twentieth-century sources, this book offers an in-depth study of Britain’s presence in Argentina. Its subjects include the nineteenth-century rise of British trade, merchants and explorers, of investment and railways, and of British imperialism. Spanning the period from the Napoleonic Wars until the end of the twentieth century, it provides a comprehensive history of the unique British community in Argentina. Later sections examine the decline of British influence in Argentina from World War I into the early 1950s. Finally, the book traces links between British multinationals and the political breakdown in Argentina of the 1970s and early 1980s, leading into dictatorship and the Falklands War. Combining economic, social and political history, this extensive volume offers new insights into both the historical development of Argentina and of British interests overseas.Table of ContentsChapter 1: Soldiers and Merchants.- Chapter 2: Diplomats, Settlers and Travellers.- Chapter 3: Empire Builders and Their Adversaries.- Chapter 4: Ranchers and Shepherds.- Chapter 5: Bankers and Investors.- Chapter 6: Employees and Educators.- Chapter 7: Partners and Competitors.- Chapter 8: Britain and Perón.- Chapter 9: Epilogue: Pathways to Integration.

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Book SynopsisThis book tells the story of Holocaust survivor and prominent banker Marcel Goldman, born in Krakow in 1926. Goldman started his studies in economics in Krakow and completed them in Israel, where he became a respected banker. In telling his story, this book analyzes Israel’s social and economic development, its causes and circumstances. Following Goldman as our main character, we take a close look at the birth of the private banking sector and the building of modern economy in Israel. The book also describes the life of Polish Jews in Israel in general, the way in which they settled there, and built the prosperity of the state. The story of Marcel Goldman is an example of how Israel’s success is the sum of its citizens’ successes.Table of ContentsPreface by Aleksander B. SkotnickiIntroduction1. Mythical Krakow—Childhood (1926–1939)2. The Hell of Extermination—Youth, Part One (1939–1945)3. The Aliyah Time—Youth, Part Two (1945–1954)4. In the Land of Success—The Mature Age (1954–2019) ConclusionAfterwordBibliography

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Book SynopsisThis book tells the story of Holocaust survivor and prominent banker Marcel Goldman, born in Krakow in 1926. Goldman started his studies in economics in Krakow and completed them in Israel, where he became a respected banker. In telling his story, this book analyzes Israel’s social and economic development, its causes and circumstances. Following Goldman as our main character, we take a close look at the birth of the private banking sector and the building of modern economy in Israel. The book also describes the life of Polish Jews in Israel in general, the way in which they settled there, and built the prosperity of the state. The story of Marcel Goldman is an example of how Israel’s success is the sum of its citizens’ successes.Table of ContentsPreface by Aleksander B. SkotnickiIntroduction1. Mythical Krakow—Childhood (1926–1939)2. The Hell of Extermination—Youth, Part One (1939–1945)3. The Aliyah Time—Youth, Part Two (1945–1954)4. In the Land of Success—The Mature Age (1954–2019) ConclusionAfterwordBibliography

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Book SynopsisCopyright is everywhere. Your smartphone incorporates thousands of items of intellectual property. Someone owns the reproduction rights to photographs of your dining table. At this very moment, battles are raging over copyright in the output of artificial intelligence programs. Not only books but wallpaper, computer programs and cuddly toys are now deemed to be intellectual properties - making copyright a labyrinthine construction of laws covering almost all products of human creativity.Copyright has its roots in eighteenth-century London, where it was first established to limit printers' control of books. Principled arguments against copyright arose from the start and nearly abolished it in the nineteenth century. But a handful of little-noticed changes in the late twentieth century concentrated ownership of immaterial goods into very few hands. Who Owns This Sentence? is an often-humorous and always-enlightening cultural, legal, and global history of the idea that intangible things can be owned, and makes a persuasive case for seeing copyright as an engine of inequality in the twenty-first century.Trade ReviewFascinating ... Bellos and Montagu have extracted an enormous amount of fun out of their subject, and have sauced their sardonic and playful prose with buckets full of meticulously argued bile -- Simon Ings * The Telegraph *David Bellos and Alexandre Montagu's surprisingly sprightly history "Who Owns This Sentence?" arrives with uncanny timing ... The authors' chapters are short but their reach, like the arm of the law itself, is long. -- Alexandra Jacobs * New York Times *A fascinating new look at the patchwork chaos called copyright ... Not just authors, but artists in many media, scientists, mathematicians and every one of us with our own unique individual faces .... should read this book -- Anne Margaret Daniel * Spectator *Lively, opinionated, and ultra-timely -- Louis Menand * New Yorker *From the British Statute of Anne in 1710, which granted meagre rights to authors but more to publishers, to those looming AI battles on IP's "haziest frontier", the book maps the ever expanding empire of copyright ... [a] robust and readable polemic history -- Boyd Tonkin * Financial Times *The field of copyright has been full of dramatic turns ... Mr Bellos and Mr Montagu argue that copyright has gone from a right that favours creators to something more akin to a privilege for the rich and powerful. * Economist *David Bellos and Alexandre Montagu explain how copyright became an invisible economic architecture that governs not just vital matters such as royalties, but also ephemera such as commercial trademarks and medical patents ... As this thoughtful book shows, copyright law has been revised and rewritten according to changing needs -- Dominic Green * Wall Street Journal *An astute survey of ever-evolving proprietorship laws ... a surprisingly accessible recounting of the major twists and turns - and there are many! - surrounding this topic -- Mariko Hewer * Washington Independent Review of Books *A gimlet-eyed analysis of a system that protects a corporate status quo at the expense of independent invention * Kirkus Reviews *A gripping detective story, a flamboyant intellectual history, and a passionate manifesto for creative freedom ... You'll never think about copyright in the same way again * Fara Dabhoiwala, historian and senior research scholar, Princeton University *One good life option is to just read everything David Bellos has ever written * Guardian *Bellos and Montagu reveal the patchwork of laws, norms, and assumptions that have transformed ideas into property. Copyright is no longer just about authors and the right to benefit from their work, but about big business and even bigger profits. Theirs is a compelling call to address the privatization of the global imagination * Emily Drabinski, President, American Library Association *In this madcap history from Plato to Donald Duck, from feudal Europe to Facebook, David Bellos and Alexandre Montagu have written the definitive account of where copyright came from and why it looks the way it does. Who Owns This Sentence? belongs on the bookshelf of every creator, producer, policymaker, and consumer * Jason Mazzone, Albert E. Jenner, Jr. Professor of Law, University of Illinois *We often think of copyright as a form of justice, a means of ensuring that creators rather than pirates of works receive whatever compensation is on offer. This witty, informed and timely book urgently invites us to think otherwise. Copyright, the authors tell us, 'means more than it ever did before.' It takes in books, films, sheet music, computer programs and many other inventions, and yet it in the end 'it is an edifice of words.' This detailed history makes very lively reading, and also encourages action, since we could, if we wished, use different words * Michael Wood, Professor of English and Comparative Literature, Emeritus, Princeton University *The story of copyright has many moving parts: history, literature, economics, politics, policy, and technology. Each element gets a closeup in this expertly told story of the evolution of copyright. In a time when billions of words are used to train AI models, this engaging and instructive book tells how different eras and countries have struggled with the challenge of defining ownership of texts * James T. Hamilton, Hearst Professor of Communication, Stanford University *Copyright is often defended as an immutable concept handed down through the generations, but this brisk and entertaining history outlines the truth of its complicated history, and illuminates the ways in which it has increasingly been weaponized by contemporary corporations. A gem of narrative nonfiction with wide appeal, bound to be especially savored by anyone with a stake in the future ofintellectual property * Stephanie Anderson, LibraryReads Board Member *

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Book Synopsis“A fascinating, exciting story.” — Sylvia Nasar, author of A Beautiful MindWhile still in his early 20s, and under Hitler's shadow, Leonid “Leo” Hurwicz (1917-2008) left his home in Warsaw, Poland, seeking safety and a degree at the London School of Economics. The following years, while challenging and potentially life-threatening, contained the seeds of a lifelong intellectual adventure. Leo's story is personal (born a refugee, precarious war years for himself and his Polish-Jewish family, a new life in America), global (revolutions, wars, depressions), ideological (socialism, capitalism, economic planning, free markets) and professional (a sixty-year career as a professor of economics leading ultimately to a Nobel Prize). This book tells his story.Trade Review“A fascinating, exciting story.” — Sylvia Nasar, author of A Beautiful Mind“Before he became an economist, Leo Hurwicz led a dramatic life worthy of a Hollywood movie. Michael Hurwicz tells this story with verve, and also succeeds in explaining to a lay readership the deep contributions his father made to economic science. Terrific reading.”— Eric Maskin, Nobel laureate in Economics, Harvard University“Kudos to Michael Hurwicz, who has written a paean to his late father, Leo Hurwicz, an extraordinary economist, teacher, polymath, and polyglot, whose genial personality and sense of humor endeared him to many in the profession. Especially for those of us who primarily knew Leo in an academic context, this book provides the background story of his life and times. It is meticulously researched and well-written.”— Samiran Banerjee, Teaching Professor of Economics at Emory University and editor of The Collected Papers of Leonid Hurwicz: Volume 1“Michael Hurwicz gives us a unique attempt to clarify, for all those who knew Leo Hurwicz, the complex history of his family. Many of us who knew Leo had only a fragmentary understanding of this story. Michael tells it with loving care. He then proceeds to interweave ideas from Leo's work and to show, with tenderness, aspects of Leo as a father. A remarkable achievement.”— Thomas Marschak, University of California, Berkeley, CA“Hurwicz tells the story of a remarkable man. A man, who received a Nobel Prize in Economics at age 90, who was married to the same woman, Evelyn, from age 27 until his death, who was the father of four children, who was an excellent pianist with a repertoire that reached from Beethoven to folk songs, an inspired — and inspiring — teller of bed-time stories, a life-long learner and knower of, almost, everything, an active citizen, and, yes, did I mention the Nobel Prize in Economics at age 90?And Leo Hurwicz achieved all of this in spite of — or should we say, because of — the times of existential peril through which he and his extended family lived. … It is a context of revolutions, wars, antisemitism, persecution, and genocide. But it is also a context of resistance, persistence, ingenuity, courage, and creativity, of humanity in the face of barbarism.”— Jens Kruse, The OrcasonianTable of ContentsAcknowledgementsPrologue 1939, sierpień/août/August Born a Refugee Now or Never Home Safe? Get an Education! The Miracle Hurwicz Home School Crisis, Coup, Catastrophe Astrophysics, Chopin and Jazz Economics and Einstein Socialist Calculation Brown Shirts and Ghetto Benches Graduation Getaway Math, Models and Mechanisms Government Intervention A Lifeline Hurwiczes on the Run An Intellectual Warrior at the School for Peace Leo Hurwicz: “Excess Foreign Population” Geneva to Chicago by Way of Locarno, Barcelona and Lisbon Chicago and MIT Surprise Attack Honey A Little Bit Unruly The Great Book Review A Slow and Difficult Process Just a Closer Walk with Stan Blood, Fire, Smoke, Exile and Human Kindness Mechanism Design: Development and Recognition Appendix A. Leo’s MemorialAppendix B. A Celebration of Leo's 90th Birthday, Held at the Holiday Inn Metrodome, 1500 Washington Avenue South, in Minneapolis on April 14, 2007Appendix C. The Theory of Economic Behavior, by Leonid HurwiczAppendix D. The Hurwicz CriterionAppendix E. Edited transcript of 2007 interview with Leo, conducted by the authorAppendix F. A Timeline of the Life of Leo HurwiczAppendix G. What Is Mechanism Design?

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Book SynopsisThe book explores the effect of modern technological shifts on human society, showing that technologies are undergoing accelerating qualitative changes that open up new opportunities for personal development and satisfaction of wants and, simultaneously, engender risks associated with growing opportunities of human interference with nature and technogenic stress on the environment. Based on the study of cutting-edge technologies and resulting socioeconomic shifts, Bodrunov’s analysis outlines the shape of the civilizational crisis we face. It can only be overcome by founding a new industrial society of the second generation (if we consider the new industrial state described by J. K. Galbraith as the first generation) reliant on knowledge intensive material production and the gradual removal of humans from immediate material production.Trade Review“Sergey Bodrunov’s lively book addresses one of the most controversial consequences of liberal globalization—the deindustrialisation of the advanced capitalist states. Following the line of thinking of writers such as Clark Kerr and J.K. Galbraith, Bodrunov insists on the revival of industrialization and in doing so he makes advances on earlier theorizing. He insists that the development of civilization calls for a higher level of material production predicated on human knowledge and he anticipates much of current theorizing about the effects of artificial intelligence. In a provocative discussion, predicated on the experience of post-socialist Russia, he calls for positive economic policies to enhance the capabilities of modern economies to advance to higher levels of industrial development. The book will appeal to readers seeking solutions to modern economic problems through state coordination.”— David Lane, Emeritus Professor of Sociology, University of Cambridge, UK“As Marx, Veblen and John Kenneth Galbraith understood, human society co-evolves with its material and technological conditions, which fact has grave implications for those seduced by financialization or the post-industrial mirage. In The Coming New Industrial State: Reloaded, Sergey Bodrunov gives a fair—and sometimes harsh—portrait of modern Russia's fall into dependence on outside technologies, machines, and components. He advocates a path forward for Russia at the technical frontiers, with a mixed economy rooted in ‘an authentic culture’ without which, he writes, ‘there can be no effective industrial development.’ The war and sanctions may now catapult this analysis to the forefront.”— James K. Galbraith, The University of Texas at Austin, Member, Free Economic Society and Foreign Member, Russian Academy of Sciences“Sergey Bodrunov’s work is a major contribution to human knowledge, rooted both in his practical experience in Russian industry and government, and in revival of interest in the most profound issues in the philosophy of thought. It deserves the attention of everyone with an interest in innovation. But beyond that, anyone concerned with the rising challenge of new technologies should read it. At the center of The Coming New Industrial State lies the following proposition: until now, technology has driven society. The ‘information economy’ calls for a different relationship; it is society that must drive technology. Innovation, therefore, henceforth constitutes social innovation; a different way of organizing society. Bodronov not only poses the question, but provides much-needed answers.”— Alan Freeman, Geopolitical Economy Research Group, University of ManitobaTable of ContentsIntroductionPart One: Material Production and Industry: Technology, Labor, and ProductChapter 1: Production and Its Product: The Industrial Mode of ProductionChapter 2: The Service Industry, Material Production, and Their Correlation in the Modern EconomyPart Two: The Russian Economic System and (De)industrializationChapter 3: Industrialization of the Economy as a Factor of Social Development; The Phenomenon of Modern DeindustrializationChapter 4: Industrial Development in Russia: Lessons from the PastChapter 5: The Deindustrialization of Russia and the Challenges of ReindustrializationChapter 6: Techno-Economic Paradigms and the Renewal of the Russian Economy: The Political-Economic AspectChapter 7: The Russian Economic System: The Future of High-Tech Industrial ProductionPart Three: The New Industrial State v.2Chapter 8: The New Industrial State of the Twentieth CenturyChapter 9: The New Industrial State v.2: The Parameters of its GenesisPart Four: Reindustrialization, Import Substitution, and Active Industrial PolicyChapter 10: Technological Leadership and National SecurityChapter 11: Innovative Economic Development: Into NIS.2Chapter 12: Industrial Policy as a Tool of Reindustrialization and Import SubstitutionChapter 13: Imperatives, Opportunities, and Challenges of ReindustrializationChapter 14: The Revival of Production, Science, and Education: The Primary Priority of Modern Industrial PolicyChapter 15: NIS.2 as a Social SystemConclusion

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Book SynopsisAnglo-American relations, the so-called ‘Special Relationship’, reached a new era with the rise of New Labour and the New Democrats in the late-1980s and early-1990s. Richard Carr reveals the untold story of the transatlantic ‘Third Way’­ by analysing how Tony Blair and Bill Clinton won power and ultimately how they lost it. Using newly unearthed archives and interviews with key players, he investigates the relationship between the administrations and sheds new light on big events such as the Good Friday Agreement in Northern Ireland, the handover to George W. Bush, and the controversial Iraq War.Trade ReviewMarch of the Moderates is grounded in a detailed analysis of the New Labour/New Democrats' legacy. It sheds new light on the relationship between Tony Blair and Bill Clinton, and unearths unpublished information on figures such as Joe Biden, Hillary Clinton and Neil Kinnock. As such it provides a valuable record of a slice of history. * Cambridge Independent *Carr’s story makes engaging history. * The Herald *Engaging … 7/10. * The Irish Times *A convincing case is made for progressive pragmatism, as the academic Richard Carr traces how New Labour and the US Democratic Party found their way out of such political wilderness. * The i *A vivid, accessible, detailed account of a key moment in the Left ... Full of illuminating detail and revealing vignette, allowed by the author’s huge range of interviews, correspondence and archival research. As the Left again struggles in the wilderness, it should be required reading for Democrats and Labour members seeking a leader and a programme. * Journal of Contemporary History *An engaging history. * Western Daily Press *Timely ... An insightful guide to the benefits of the centre-left working together on both sides of the Atlantic. * Tides of History Books of 2019 *March of the Moderates is an authentic and clear-eyed analysis of Anglo-American politics in the eighties and nineties. Readers may not agree with all its conclusions, but its commentary should make all rethink their perspectives on this vital period. * Dick Gephardt, Democratic Minority/Majority Leader in the House of Representatives, 1989-2003, and Presidential Primary Candidate, 1988 and 2004 *March of the Moderates is a clear, informed and informative account of the ways in which Bill Clinton’s ‘New Democrats’ and Tony Blair’s ‘New Labour’ were able to build successful political movements of the centre left. It has much to consider for British and American audiences alike - and offers insights into both the policies and the personalities. * Charles Clarke, former British Home Secretary and distinguished visiting fellow at the Price School of Public Policy, University of Southern California *March of the Moderates is a well-researched, illuminating analysis of the realignment of progressive politics in the US and UK. Anyone looking to understand how Bill Clinton and the New Democrats and Tony Blair and New Labour regained their electorates’ trust and, ultimately, managed to change their countries for the better would do well to read it. * Al From, founder of the Democratic Leadership Council and author of The New Democrats and the Return to Power *An engrossing account of the journey to power for inspirational leaders on both sides of the Atlantic. It shows how they crafted a new future for their countries, charting both the successes and the failures. This readable book brings it home that vision and courage are needed to unlock opportunity for those who are so frequently overlooked. A timely reminder that progressive politics is about building opportunity for all, and that there is no crime in aspiration. * Baroness Helen Liddell, former Secretary of State for Scotland *At a time when trust in politics and hope for a better future is ebbing away, this book shows it is worth a trip back to the 1990s to remind ourselves how the New Democrats and New Labour built up that trust, won five elections between them and then used that power to build a more optimistic and equal society. Of course, mistakes were made - and we should learn from them - but Blair and Clinton were the most successful centre-left leaders since FDR in the US and Attlee in the UK. * Rachel Reeves MP, Chair of the Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy Committee, and author of Women of Westminster *The book is absolutely brilliant. It’s not just for those who are into that sort of thing, but if you are into relatively recent British and American politics it’s a fantastic read with some great interviews in it. * Matt Forde, The Political Party Podcast *Table of Contents1. Too Tied to Myth; Too Rooted in the Past 2. Acceptable in the Eighties 3. Harbingers of the Revolution 4. Office and Opposition 5. New Democrats, New America 6. Learning from the Best 7. Blair and Brown's Britain 8. The Third Way International 9. Intervention and Iraq

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Book SynopsisDrawing on a rich trove of documents, including correspondence not seen for 300 years, this study explores the emergence and growth of a remarkable global trade network operated by Armenian silk merchants from a small outpost in the Persian Empire. Based in New Julfa, Isfahan, in what is now Iran, these merchants operated a network of commercial settlements that stretched from London and Amsterdam to Manila and Acapulco. The New Julfan Armenians were the only Eurasian community that was able to operate simultaneously and successfully in all the major empires of the early modern world--both land-based Asian empires and the emerging sea-borne empires--astonishingly without the benefits of an imperial network and state that accompanied and facilitated European mercantile expansion during the same period. This book brings to light for the first time the trans-imperial cosmopolitan world of the New Julfans. Among other topics, it explores the effects of long distance trade on the organizaTrade Review“A fascinating book.” * Times Literary Supplement *“Exceeds, by far, all previous scholarship on the Armenian merchants of New Julfa.” * Ararat *"Ground-breaking . . . Superb." * Journal of Global History *“An extensively researched study . . . that is both scholarly and interesting to read. . . . Well written and well-documented.” * Armenian Mirror-Spectator *“This is the kind of book that entices readers to spend time not only with the text but also with the bibliography and endnotes, retracing research steps and finding new paths to benefit their own work.” * American Historical Review *“Aslanian has unearthed a veritable treasure trove, and this book, which is written in a lucid style, is of great interest to world historians and economic historians.” * Historian *

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Book SynopsisTwo economists take readers on a tour of the economics of legal and illegal weed, showing where cannabis regulation has gone wrong and how it could do better. Cannabis legalization hasn't lived up to the hype. Across North America, investors are reeling, tax collections are below projections, and people are pointing fingers. On the business side, companies have shut down, farms have failed, workers have lost their jobs, and consumers face high prices. Why has legal weed failed to deliver on many of its promises?Can Legal Weed Win? takes on the euphoric claims with straight dope and a full dose of economic reality. This book delivers the unadulterated facts about the new legal segment of one of the world's oldest industries. In witty, accessible prose, economists Robin Goldstein and Daniel Sumner take readers on a whirlwind tour of the economic past, present, and future of legal and illegal weed. Drawing upon reams of data and their own experience working with California cannabis Trade Review"In this lucid and pragmatic analysis, U.C. Davis economists Goldstein and Summer extinguish overheated predictions about the potential size and profits of the legal marijuana market. . . . Jargon-free and data-rich, this is a clear-eyed analysis of a hazy market." * Publishers Weekly *“Economists Goldstein and Sumner argue that government bureaucracy has made legal pot expensive to grow and sell, incentivizing illegal operations instead. Legal weed, their punny, breezy book shows, can only win once 'legal' isn’t an anticompetitive word.” * Bloomberg Businessweek *"An excellent primer on the state of the cannabis industry in America today." * Jacobin *"Explains how burdensome licensing requirements, regulations, and taxes have frustrated plans to displace the black market." * Reason *"Written in a fun, witty tone that makes reading about finances more engaging than ever." * CBD Oracle *Table of ContentsContents Preface: Fear and Stoning in Las Vegas Acknowledgments 1 We Call It Weed 2 Legal versus Illegal: A Market Battle 3 Prices Get High 4 We Ask Our Data: Where’s the Cheapest Legal Weed? 5 California Dreamin’ 6 Sabrina’s Story 7 Legal Weed in 2050 8 How to Survive Legalization Conclusion: Five Pipe Dreams about Legal Weed Bibliography Index

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Book SynopsisWith Commonwealth, Michael Hardt and Antonio Negri conclude the trilogy begun with Empire and continued in Multitude, proposing an ethics of freedom for living in our common world and articulating a possible constitution for our common wealth.Trade ReviewEveryone seems to agree that our economic system is broken, yet the debate about alternatives remains oppressively narrow. Hardt and Negri explode this claustrophobic debate, taking readers to the deepest roots of our current crises and proposing radical, and deeply human, solutions. There has never been a better time for this book. -- Naomi Klein, author of The Shock DoctrineCommonwealth, last and richest of the Empire trilogy, is a powerful and ambitious reappropriation of the whole tradition of political theory for the Left. Clarifying Foucault's ambiguous notion of biopower, deepening the authors' own proposal for the notion of multitude, it offers an exhilarating summa of the forms and possibilities of resistance today. It is a politically as well as an intellectually invigorating achievement. -- Fredric Jameson, Duke UniversityCommonwealth [is] the latest book by Michael Hardt and Antonio Negri, whose Empire and Multitude have, arguably, been the dominant works of political philosophy of the new century...[It's] the much-anticipated final volume of the Empire trilogy. * Artforum *Commonwealth is a timely contribution to our understanding of contemporary capitalist relations and the potential revolutionary conditions they create...Together Hardt and Negri's work is considered to be responsible for a resurgence of interest in non-orthodox Marxism and its political manifestations. Commonwealth is the final part of a trilogy that began with Empire in 2000, a book that was published during the emergence of the alter-globalization movement. Multitude followed in 2004, developing the ideas that had been introduced in Empire, in particular the concept of the multitude as a new revolutionary subject. Commonwealth is a worthy addition to the trilogy, expamnding and clarifying on the understandings in the previous books, but perhaps more significantly grounding their analysis within an extended discussion of "the common."...Commonwealth is a book that challenges presuppositions about the utility of Marx, and introduces the possibility of combining his insights with the ideas of other significant authors such as Nietzsche, Foucault, Deleuze and Guattari, who are not traditionally associated with the radical communist project. -- Bertie Russell and Andre Pusey * Red Pepper *Table of Contents* Preface: The Becoming-Prince of the Multitude Part 1. Republic (and the Multitude of the Poor) *1.1 Republic of Property *1.2 Productive Bodies *1.3 The Multitude of the Poor * De Corpore 1: Biopolitics as Event Part 2. Modernity (and the Landscapes of Altermodernity) *2.1 Antimodernity as Resistance *2.2 Ambivalences of Modernity *2.3 Altermodernity * De Homine 1: Biopolitical Reason Part 3. Capital (and the Struggles over Common Wealth) *3.1 Metamorphoses of the Composition of Capital *3.2 Class Struggle from Crisis to Exodus *3.3 Kairos of the Multitude * De Singularitate 1: Of Love Possessed * Intermezzo: A Force to Combat Evil Part 4. Empire Returns *4.1 Brief History of a Failed Coup d'Etat *4.2 After U.S. Hegemony *4.3 Genealogy of Rebellion * De Corpore 2: Metropolis Part 5. Beyond Capital? *5.1 Terms of the Economic Transition *5.2 What Remains of Capitalism *5.3 Pre-shocks along the Fault Lines * De Homine 2: Cross the Threshold! Part 6. Revolution *6.1 Revolutionary Parallelism *6.2 Insurrectional Intersections *6.3 Governing the Revolution * De Singularitate 2: Instituting Happiness * Notes * Acknowledgments * Index

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Book SynopsisBranko Milanovic charts 200 years of the fascinating history of the discourse on inequality through portraits of six key economists, from Quesnay to Kuznets. In their work and lives, we see how differently each conceived of inequality, and how the subject, prominent in their times, was eclipsed during the Cold War and has become central once again.Trade ReviewA timely book that brings the weight of the past to bear on one of the most pressing issues of our time…Milanovic is a clear and direct writer, unafraid of making strong judgements and with an idiosyncratic eye for detail. That makes for original, and sometimes amusingly wry, revelations. -- Darrin M. McMahon * Literary Review *Inequality is back, as a political topic and as a focus of study. In this fascinating book, Milanovic, one of the world’s most influential scholars of inequality, examines what leading economists of the past have had to say on this issue. -- Martin Wolf * Financial Times *A history of the changing ways economists have broached the subject [of inequality] since the French Revolution…[Milanovic] describes how Western economists were in thrall to an unholy combination of extremely simplistic assumptions and extremely complex mathematical models. -- Jennifer Szalai * New York Times *For anybody interested in inequality—and we all should be—anything by Milanovic is an essential read…This book is a great scene setter for the modern debate, not least in illustrating the link between ideas of inequality and the times in which ideas are formed. -- Diane Coyle * Enlightened Economist *An in-depth contextual analysis of how economic minds from Adam Smith to Karl Marx have shaped our understanding of class, income and wealth…This is a vital reference for the economic and philosophical theories underpinning our understanding of inequality today. -- Tej Parikh * Financial Times *An absorbing account of how thinking about inequality has evolved…Milanovic mixes his methodical examination of the evolution of economic thought about inequality with fascinating portraits of great economists and the society and polity of their times. -- Zia Qureshi * Finance & Development *A captivating journey through the time of ideas, with an impact on current events. -- Julien Damon * Les Echoes *A noted economist examines the thinking of six of his predecessors on how income is distributed and the conditions that favor or hinder the accumulation of wealth. * Kirkus Reviews *[A] sweeping survey of more than 200 years of philosophical thought about inequality. * Publishers Weekly *Fascinating and often surprising, offering new insight into iconic figures like Smith and Marx and unexpected perspectives on their work. Branko Milanovic shows that the writings of centuries past have much to teach us about inequality, especially about class and power. A truly important book. -- Angus Deaton, Nobel Laureate in Economic SciencesWhat do we talk about when we talk about economic inequality? To those who came of age after the 2008 financial crisis and Thomas Piketty’s Capital in the Twenty-First Century—an era marked by a widening fracture between rich and poor, especially within Western nations—the question might seem obvious. But as Branko Milanovic shows in his indispensable chronicle of the concept, we underestimate just how young, limited, and fraught our current understanding of inequality is—and how diverse its range of forebears. Researched with forensic thoroughness, and hardly shy about its political implications, Visions of Inequality presents a rare and rewarding combination of economic and conceptual history. -- Anton Jäger, Catholic University of LeuvenA fascinating journey across the history of economic thought through the lens of inequality. Milanovic’s erudite and thought-provoking exploration casts new light both on the analysis of income concentration and on the ideological travails of economics as a discipline. -- Ingrid Bleynat, King's College LondonImagine being able to ask Smith, Marx, and Pareto round for dinner and a chat about how each of them sees inequality. In effect, that’s what Branko Milanovic does in this new book. As he shows, economists’ interest in the subject is by no means a new phenomenon—but what counts, and who counts, in any analysis of inequality has varied dramatically over time. Recognizing this fact should make us reflect on how our own contemporary assays of inequality are more limited than we think. Taking us on an eye-opening tour from Quesnay to Kuznets, Milanovic shows us how inequality and capitalism have always intertwined. -- Mark Blyth, Brown University

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Book SynopsisDuring the Aegean Bronze Age, the spread of woolen textiles triggered an increased demand for color. In The Purpled World, Silver reveals how Minoan and Mycenaean textile producers embedded commercial motivation into traditional rituals, and considers collapse of the Mycenaean Palaces as a manifestation of disintegration in the textile industry.

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Book SynopsisOver the second half of the twentieth century, the average European's buying power tripled, while working hours fell by a third. This work offers an account of the extraordinary development of Europe's economy since the end of World War II.Trade Review"In The European Economy Since 1945, Barry Eichengreen ... presents not only a comprehensive account of Europe's postwar economic experience but also an important analysis of capitalist development more generally... [B]y demonstrating how institutions helpful in one era can be counterproductive in another, Eichengreen has important lessons about the future to teach both policy makers and publics."--Sheri Berman, New York Times Book Review "Eichengreen, even as he presents a lot of evidence, proves himself to be a master of exposition of the big story. And none could be bigger than the one contained in this book. History will judge it one of the most amazing achievements of the 20th century."--Huw Dixon, Times Higher Education Supplement "This is a superb overview of a half century of European economic development."--Choice "An excellent book... I have never read a better [book] on what the European economies have done right and subsequently did wrong... Eichengreen ... believes that Europe can turn things around, without chucking the basic model, but he doesn't for a moment deny that Europe faces an economic crisis relative to the American model."--Tyler Cowen, Marginal Revolution "A characteristic of the best histories is not just a good narrative but a compelling thread that runs through it. Barry Eichengreen's tour de force of postwar European history is that kind of book... His thesis is that Europe's much maligned corporatist institutions played a significant role in achieving the postwar economic miracle, but that these institutions are insufficiently flexible to meet the 21st century's demands... While there can be no such thing as a definitive history of Europe's postwar economy, Eichengreen at least comes close to providing a definitive history of European economic performance, a subject in which he excels. This is in itself no mean achievement."--Wolfgang Munchau, Financial Times "For both Americans who want to understand Europe's successes and failures, and for Europeans who want to know where their continent was right and where it has gone wrong, Mr. Eichengreen has provided an excellent summary."--Daniel Pudles, The Economist "This is a splendidly delivered analysis that helps us make sense of the reversal of growth fortunes experienced by the United States and Europe since the mid-1990s... The European Economy is beautifully written and will be widely read."--Nicholas Crafts, Finance & Development "It is rare indeed for an academic book on the fundamentals of European economic growth to be widely read and circulated outside of academic circles, but if any book deserves to be, it surely is Barry Eichengreen's The European Economy Since 1945. The book is an eloquently written analysis of how the economic and governmental institutions that formerly undergirded European economic growth have become, since the early 1970s, severe impediments to its growth. It is a must-read."--Jurgen Reinhoudt, American.com "Many Eastern states have now joined the EU and made economic progress. Ambitions are high, but the author questions whether Europe can maintain its traditional communitarian ideals as global competition intensifies. Useful notes and bibliography."--Choice "This book sets a new standard for surveys of the period, outclassing the essay collections that have concentrated on Western European experience and single-author narratives that have tended to make dreary reading. Eichengreen has produced an invigorating blend of synthesis and analysis that poses major questions about the nature and evolution of European economic growth, surveys economic arguments, and delivers sharp analysis and clear explanation for the major phases of economic growth and integration... This is a landmark volume, by far the best available synthesis explaining European economic history since 1945, one ring pertinent comparison to U. S. experience that respect institutional differences and cultural preferences between countries. Its explanations and analysis are clear, concise, and engaging. Readers wishing more detail on the economic debates and national economic experiences red will appreciate the state-of-the-art bibliography. Don't miss it."--Kenneth Moure, American Historical Review "Barry Eichengreen's book The European Economy since 1945 presents a detailed introduction to the economic history of western Europe since World War II, plus a chapter on the history of central planning in eastern Europe and another on the process of transition from the economic environment typical of the Soviet Empire to a free-market environment and the European Union. Those who read it all will not be disappointed. They will find comprehensive information on the postwar situation and the reconstruction, as well as a thorough description of the integration process led to the Treaty of Rome (1957) and the European Union, with particular emphasis on the monetary aspects. The hurried reader will be satisfied, too, because each of Eichengreen's chapters can also be approached as a self-contained, well-researched, and thought-provoking essay in its own right, dealing clearly yet comprehensively with periods and episodes in recent western European history."--Enrico Colombatto, Independent Review "Eichengreen's elegant history shows that Europe's economic performance in the second half of the twentieth century was a success because labour, capital and government committed to achieving both economic growth and stability."--Adam Fleisher, International Affairs "Eichengreen has produced a readable and informative account of Europe's post-1945 economy. Drawing on a lengthy and up-to-date bibliography, he embeds a wealth of economic theories into a political and social context in a way that an intelligent layperson can understand. These strengths should enable the book to find its way into graduate courses on economic history."--Michael H. Creswell, The Historian "The book's strength lies in its ability to create an economic macro-history based on an excellent processing of well-selected statistical data chosen with good reason that is often represented in carefully constructed diagrams. It is in this fusion of 'narrating' with 'showing', consisting of documentation processed on the basis of economic theory that the book, is uncommonly effective... There is a lot to read and to think about in this ambitious book, which is constructed with precision and a notable ability for synthesis. To encourage the reader, it should be added that an excellent bibliography, a series of statistical data that is convincingly treated and adequately explained in the Appendix, and a very wide-ranging and carefully constructed index of subjects and authors quoted, facilitate his labours."--Piero Barucci, Journal of European Economic HistoryTable of ContentsLIST OF FIGURES ix LIST OF TABLES xi PREFACE xv LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS xix CHAPTER ONE: Introduction 1 CHAPTER TWO: Mainsprings of Growth 15 Probing Deeper 20 Institutional Foundations of the Golden Age 31 Institutions and History 40 The End of the Golden Age 47 CHAPTER THREE: The Postwar Situation 52 Reconstruction 54 The Transition to Sustained Growth 59 Normalization and the Political Economy of the Marshall Plan 64 German Economic and Monetary Reform 70 Obstacles to Integration 73 The 1949 Devaluations 77 The European Payments Union 79 CHAPTER FOUR: Dawn of the Golden Age 86 Understanding Growth in the 1950s 89 Germany as Pacesetter 93 Next in Line 97 The Laggards 118 Toward the Golden Age 129 CHAPTER FIVE: Eastern Europe and the Planned Economy 131 The Strategy of Central Planning 133 Problems of Central Planning 142 Partial Reforms 146 Planning Innovation 154 Regional Integration 155 The End of Reform 160 CHAPTER SIX: The Integration of Western Europe 163 Initial Steps 167 EFTA and the British Dilemma 176 Economic Effects 178 The Common Agricultural Policy 182 The Luxembourg Compromise 185 Inklings of Monetary Integration 187 The Common Market as an Established Fact 195 CHAPTER SEVEN: The Apex of the Golden Age 198 The Heyday of Extensive Growth 199 The Incorporation of the European Periphery 204 Wage Explosion and Labor Conflict 216 The End of the Golden Age 223 CHAPTER EIGHT: Mounting Payments Problems 225 Italy's Crisis 226 Britain's Problems 229 The French Crisis and the German Response 238 The Collapse of Bretton Woods 242 The European Response 246 CHAPTER NINE: Declining Growth, Rising Rigidities 252 The Productivity Slowdown 253 Innovation 257 Unemployment 263 Stabilization in Britain 277 The EMS Initiative 282 The EMS in Operation 286 The Legacy 290 CHAPTER TEN: The Collapse of Central Planning 294 The Survival of Central Planning 296 The Collapse of Communism 301 Recession and Adjustment 303 Dilemmas of Transition 308 Economic Response 310 German Reunification 318 Normalization and Integration 328 CHAPTER ELEVEN: Integration and Adjustment 335 The Single Market 336 Integration in Practice 341 From the Delors Report to the Maastricht Treaty 346 The EMS Crisis 357 The Transition to Monetary Union 366 EMU and Its Implications 370 Adjustment and Growth 377 CHAPTER TWELVE: Europe at the Turn of the Twenty-first Century 379 Employment and Growth 381 Reducing Unemployment 388 Implications for European Unemployment 393 Productivity Growth 398 Eastern European Prospects and Western European Implications 406 Economic Prospects 412 CHAPTER THIRTEEN: The Future of the European Model 414 Battle of the Systems 419 The Shadow of History 423 APPENDIX: Sources of Growth 427 REFERENCES 433 INDEX 461

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Book SynopsisTrade Review"This well-conceived work is a must-read for students interested in the global history of the bourgeoisie and its relationship with the emergence of modern capitalism worldwide."---Giampaolo Conte, Journal of European Economic History"This is a very important book that makes abundantly clear that the emergence of the middle class and bourgeois culture in the nineteenth century was by no means exclusive to Europe or even necessarily emanated from Europe."---Jeffrey Auerbach, World History Connected"The impressive breadth of the chapters is matched by a sense of analytical depth stressing the connections among global bourgeois elites and comparisons of the characteristics, behaviors, and visions that cut across national cases. . . . Reading The Global Bourgeoisie affirms the view that global history as a subfield has matured remarkably over the last three decades."---J. Laurence Hare, International Social Science Review"One of the major intellectual projects in central European history during the last two decades of the 20th century was the study of the Bürgertum. . . . Since that time, global history—global in expanding the comparative perspective outside the wealthier countries of the North Atlantic, but also in placing world-wide interactions at the center of historical structures and developments—has become steadily more influential. The current volume, a collection of essays based on a workshop held in Cambridge in 2015, is an attempt to take the Bürgertum project global."---Jonathan Sperber, Francia Recensio

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Book SynopsisTrade Review"Shortlisted for the American Library in Paris Book Award""Shortlisted for the Cundill History Prize, McGill University""Winner of the PROSE Award in European History, Association of American Publishers""Winner of the Leo Gershoy Award, American Historical Association""Rothschild rightly rejects what she describes as an ‘ideological’ division of the dead by historians between ‘important’—the people with substantial records—and ‘the unimportant . . . who can be counted, but cannot be understood.' Rather, as this book demonstrates, a focus on the ‘ordinary’ can offer new perspectives on periods of extraordinary change."---Laura O’Brien, Times Literary Supplement ​​​​​​​"[An Infinite History] is a family history unlike any other because of the way Rothschild tells it. . . . By starting with the names and tracing them over space and especially time, Rothschild not only upends the usual methods of study but also compels a rethinking of many prevailing views about the politics, economy, and society of eighteenth- and nineteenth-century France."---Lynn Hunt, New York Review of Books"Captivating. . . . One of the most successful attempts to put Ginzburg and Poni’s ‘science of the lived’ into action."---David A. Bell, The Nation"[A] remarkable inquiry into the town of Angoulême, in southwestern France, beginning with the story of 'an inquisitive, illiterate woman, Marie Aymard,' and five generations of her extended family in the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries: the sort of history that has been exceedingly hard to tell, and therefore not often told." * Harvard Magazine *"Emma Rothschild leaves no stone unturned in her quest to trace one family through centuries and five generations... this is an inspiring and enjoyable demonstration of what can be achieved by skill, perseverance and a bit of luck." * Family Tree Magazine *"This innovative study of ordinary people in a French provincial town is a remarkable achievement of both painstaking research and historical imagination . . . . the result is a fascinating exercise in history from below, a history of chance encounters and social networks, of ambition and opportunity."---Alan Forrest, Family and Community History"This is a tremendously engaging book which reads, paradoxically, like a capacious nineteenth-century novel. And not least because of its elusive dénouements and the absence of an authorial omniscience straining our suspension of disbelief, it is enriched by the certainty, validated by scholarship of the highest quality, that none of it is invented."---Robert Lethbridge, Journal of European Studies"An Infinite History is a remarkable book, an experimental work of great methodological originality that also manages to inform and delight. . . . A stimulating experiment in historical writing."---William H. Sewell, Journal of Modern History

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Book SynopsisTrade Review"Saller’s book is truly interesting in many ways. Not only does it do justice to the existence of a reflection on economy in Western antiquity and to its few points of convergence with modern economic thought, but [it] also . . . raises a question that goes beyond antiquity: that of the conditions that make long-term economic growth and development possible, with a particular interest in cultural causes."---Etienne Helmer, Bryn Mawr Classical Review

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Book SynopsisTrade Review"Brilliant, illuminating. . . . this is a book that will be studied for a long time to come."---David d'Avray, Reviews in History"This solid work of historical analysis will long remain an important contribution to the history of medieval expulsions . . . [and] it is an exemplar of how to critically think about and use sources." * Choice *"Original [and] scholarly."---Jamin Andreas Hübner, EH.Net

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Book SynopsisReflecting the authors' masterful use of archival sources and their magisterial knowledge of the era's complex metropolitan and colonial institutions, this volume is the capstone of a research endeavor spanning nearly sixty years.Trade ReviewIn a sophisticated, literate, and detailed analysis, eminent historians Barbara Stein and Stanley Stein dissect the interwoven responses between 1808 and 1810 in Spain and New Spain (Mexico) to the challenges resulting from Napoleon's invasion of the Iberian peninsula and the Bourbon monarchs' abdications... Based heavily on extensive archival and published primary sources, this deftly argued, magisterial work, along with its three preceding volumes- Silver, Trade, and War; Apogee of Empire; and Edge of Crisis-belongs in every academic and large public library. Essential. Choice This book is a gold mine for the sheer amount of primary sources brought to the surface...[and] a valuable contribution to the shelf of any historian dealing with the independence era in any of the Spanish colonies. H-Net ReviewsTable of ContentsProloguePart One: Metropole1. A National Drama, Act II: Aranjuez2. Bayonne3. Dos de Mayo: Insurgency4. Sevilla: The Struggle for Supremacy in Spain and New SpainPart Two: Colony5. A Contested Authority6. New Spain's Cuban Counterpoint7. The Powerful and Insecure: Mexico City'sAlmaceneros, 1808 1918. The Audiencia de México, Iturrigaray, and Talamantes9. Melchor Talamantes: Criollo Exponent of New Spain's Interests10. Sevilla's Comisionados and Mexico City's Juntas11. Viceroy Iturrigaray: Criollos and a Viceroy's Grand Design12. Anatomy of a Colonial Coup d'État: Mexico City, 1808Part Three: Metropole13. Junta de Sevilla, Consejo de Castilla, and the Genesis of the Junta Central14. Junta Central: Ideologues and Ideology15. Junta Central versus Junta de Sevilla: The Colonial Question16. Financing the Resistance in Spain17. Dissolution of the Junta Central18. Regencia and Junta de Cadiz19. The Pivotal Orden of 17 May 181020. Colonial Insurrection and the Call for the CortesPart Four: Colony21. An Eroding Colonial System: New Spain, 1808–181022. Fissures in the Colonial Elite: Merchants23. Fire under the Embers: Between Preemptive Coup and Insurrection24. The Regencia's Comisionados and Bishop-Elect Abad y Queipo25. Oprimidos y Opresores26. "No Hay Más Recurso Que Ir a Coger Gachupines"ConclusionNotesBibliographyIndex

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Book SynopsisA provocative new account of how India moved relentlessly from its hope-filled founding in 1947 to the dramatic economic and democratic breakdowns of today. When Indian leaders first took control of their government in 1947, they proclaimed the ideals of national unity and secular democracy. Through the first half century of nation-building, leaders could point to uneven but measurable progress on key goals, and after the mid-1980s, dire poverty declined for a few decades, inspiring declarations of victory. But today, a vast majority of Indians live in a state of underemployment and are one crisis away from despair. Public goods—health, education, cities, air and water, and the judiciary—are in woeful condition. And good jobs will remain scarce as long as that is the case. The lack of jobs will further undermine democracy, which will further undermine job creation. India is Broken provides the most persuasive account available of this economic catch-22. Challenging prevailing narratives, Mody contends that successive post-independence leaders, starting with its first Prime Minister, Jawaharlal Nehru, failed to confront India's true economic problems, seeking easy solutions instead. As a popular frustration grew, and corruption in politics became pervasive, India's economic growth relied increasingly on unregulated finance and environmentally destructive construction. The rise of a violent Hindutva has buried all prior norms in civic life and public accountability. Combining statistical data with creative media, such as literature and cinema, to create strong, accessible, people-driven narratives, this book is a meditation on the interplay between democracy and economic progress, with lessons extending far beyond India. Mody proposes a path forward that is fraught with its own peril, but which nevertheless offers something resembling hope.Trade Review"This book is the most sustained, accessible, and trenchantly argued alternative account of India's political economy and democratic crisis that I have seen in many years. Engaging and well written, it tells a striking and disturbing story. A major achievement."—Thomas Blom Hansen, Stanford University"A compellingly readable history of Indian politics and economics since independence: Nehru's early mistakes—especially his tragic lack of attention to health, education, and jobs—multiplied into performative and destructive politics in the hands of his heirs. This is a profound account of how any democracy, even the world's largest, can be destroyed from within. Great storytelling. Hard to put down!"—Angus Deaton, Nobel Laureate in Economics"Combining statistical data with creative media, such as literature and cinema, to create strong, accessible, people-driven narrative, this book is a meditation on the interplay between democracy and economic progress, with lessons extending far beyond India. Mody proposes a path forward that is fraught with its own peril, but which nevertheless offers something resembling hope."—Discovery: Research at Princeton"India is Broken is a masterful, wonderfully readable but searing indictment of the failures of Indian economic policy since Independence. Brilliantly weaving into his account a history of the key political events of the era, Mody chronicles how a dismal catalogue of flawed economic strategies and a dysfunctional political system have led to a country that is unable to produce enough jobs, where religious divisions keep growing, and inequality is relentlessly rising. An indispensable book for anyone trying to understand this complicated country."—Liaquat Ahamed, Pulitzer Prize winning author of Lords of Finance"A magisterial political and economic history of post-colonial India, written with extraordinary eloquence and passion. Mody argues that successive leaders have failed the country's hundreds of millions of poor and borderline poor on its path from nascent democracy to mature authoritarian state. All too often the IMF, the World Bank, and other donors were willing to sign off on economic policies that had little chance of success. India is Broken will be a touchstone in policy debates for years to come."—Kenneth Rogoff, Harvard University, and coauthor of This Time is Different"A detailed and richly researched study of India's economy from independence to the present day, India Is Broken delves into many of the critical yet overlooked aspects of India's political and economic history. While I cannot endorse everything he writes, Mody's highly-readable account lays bare the deception and failure of the last several years, while maintaining a focus on the important details of economic policy."—Shashi Tharoor, Member of Parliament and author of The Struggle for India's Soul"This is a well-documented readable history of the major economic and social policy strategies of Indian governments, from Nehru to Modi.... [Mody] makes a powerful case to the effect that education outcomes cannot be separated from politics."—John Richards, International Journal of Educational Development"Fundamentally, Mody's claim is right. India is broken. It offers a poor deal to its working-age population, few good jobs and little welfare. A humanitarian crisis for migrant workers shortly after COVID-19 broke out was a brutal reminder of the condition. The book's message is stark and demands attention. That it is a highly readable account of India's development enhances the appeal."—Tirthankar Roy, The Developing Economies"This book asks a straightforward question: has Indian democracy, as practiced since independence in 1947, improved the lives of people in general? The answer, contends Mody, is no. To substantiate this distressing yet sobering response, Mody conducts an expansive analysis of leaders and policy making in modern India.... Recommended."—A. A. Batabyal, CHOICE"India is Broken is a highly readable book. Mody is deeply knowledgable, and can write as fluently and thoughtfully about the 1950's as he can about the last decade. I found his discussion of the Nehru period especially fascinating."—Anand Swamy, Journal of Economic LiteratureTable of Contents1. Then and Now, an Introduction 2. An Uncertain Beginning 3. The Path Not Taken 4. Nehru's Dangerous Gamble 5. Nehru Doubles His Bet 6: Tagore's Unheard Song 7. Mr. Nehru's Tragedy, Democracy's First Betrayal 8. Shastri Makes a Brave Transition 9. A Savior for India's Ferment 10. India Has an Empress 11. Anger Meets Repression 12. An Autocratic Gamble Fails 13. Democracy Betrays Again, Deindustrialization Begins 14. When the Violence Came Home 15. A Pilot Flies into Political Headwinds 16. Rajiv Unleashes the Gale Force of Hindu Nationalism 17. An All-Too-Brief Moment of Sanity 18. The Promise Has a Dark Underbelly 19. No, India Does Not Shine 20. As the Two Indias Drift Apart, Democracy Creaks 21. Modi Pushes the Economy off the Edge 22. Modi Breaks India's Fractured Democracy 23. COVID-19 Bares the Moral Decay Epilogue: A Feasible Idealism

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Book SynopsisNo study of economics would be complete without the foundations of economic thought. History of Economic Thought explores the philosophical underpinnings of economics, beginning with Aristotle and up through modern game theory. This new volume looks at the most prominent influences that weave through modern economics.

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Book SynopsisThe first comprehensive history of marine insurance transacted in London from the industry's beginnings, to the early-nineteenth-century, when legislative change ended parliamentary monopolies over the business. This book describes the development and evolution of the customary, legal, and commercial institutions of marine insurance, alongside its developing organisational structures. It analyses major market interventions during the period, including state-sponsored initiatives in the late sixteenth century, the introduction of new corporate forms in the early eighteenth century, and the formation and maturation of Lloyd's of London. The book examines the impact of crises such as the Smyrna catastrophe of 1693 and the South Sea Bubble, and makes comparisons with developments in other marine insurance markets. In revealing how the London insurance market changed over centuries, the book discusses issues of risk and uncertainty, the financial revolution, the development of trade, and the reciprocal developmental roles of markets and the state. Overall, it highlights the ways that efficient and effective marine insurance capable of adapting according to circumstance was vital to the growth of trade and the economy.Trade ReviewGreatly advances our understanding of the early history of Britain's most important marine insurance market. It demonstrates the scope and flexibility of marine underwriting in London and its growing comparative advantage over rival European centres such as Antwerp and Amsterdam. * THE LONDON JOURNAL *Table of ContentsIntroduction 1. The merchant-insurers' system: London marine insurance to the 1570s 2. 1570-1688: Buyers and the first intervention 3. 1688 to 1720: The sellers' intervention 4. To 1824: Lloyd's and the common law 5. Conclusions Appendix: Some London underwriters active 1690-1717 Bibliography

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Book SynopsisNumerous aspects of the medieval economy are covered in this new collection of essays, from business fraud and changes in wages to the production of luxury goods. Long dominated by theories of causation involving class conflict and Malthusian crisis, the field of medieval economic history has been transformed in recent years by a better understanding of the process of commercialisation. Inrecognition of the important work in this area by Richard Britnell, this volume of essays brings together studies by historians from both sides of the Atlantic on fundamental aspects of the medieval commercial economy. From examinations of high wages, minimum wages and unemployment, through to innovative studies of consumption and supply, business fraud, economic regulation, small towns, the use of charters, and the role of shipmasters and peasants as entrepreneurs, this collection is essential reading for the student of the medieval economy. Contributors: John Hatcher, John Langdon, Derek Keene, John S. Lee, James Davis, Mark Bailey, Christine M. Newman, Peter L. Larson, Maryanne Kowaleski, Martha Carlin, James Masschaele, Christopher DyerTrade ReviewA real strength of this festschrift is its masterful editing, and those keen enough to read it from cover to cover will benefit from the clear thematic threads linking all the chapters. * HISTORY *These studies are clearly written and analytical in tone. They employ detailed source criticism and local case-studies in order to participate in debates and controversies of wider significance, and open up entirely new subjects for discussion. * ENGLISH HISTORICAL REVIEW *Should be required reading for all who study late medieval England. * CULTURAL AND SOCIAL HISTORY *Should be required reading for all who study late medieval England. * JOURNAL OF BRITISH STUDIES *A fine collection of often thought-provoking essays. * THE RICARDIAN *This festschrift is more successful than many in presenting a thematically cohesive body of research, most of which will be of interest to the historian of small towns and their rural hinterlands. [...] A useful volume which contains much of interest to the urban historian. * URBAN HISTORY *A more coherent volume than many such collections manage to be. [...] Graduate students would be well advised to regard [the essays] as models of scholarship, not just as sources of information. * THE MEDIEVAL REVIEW *There is much in this volume to broaden understanding of medieval society and the editors are to be congratulated on bringing together essays which so deftly illustrate the range of Richard Britnell's own work. * JOURNAL OF MEDIEVAL ARCHAEOLOGY *Table of ContentsRichard Britnell: An Appreciation Unreal Wages: Long-run Living Standards and the 'Golden Age' of the Fifteenth Century - John Hatcher Minimum Wages and Unemployment Rates in Medieval England: The Case of Old Woodstock, Oxfordshire, 1256-1357 - John Langdon Crisis Management in London's Food Supply, 1250-1500 - Derek J Keene Grain Shortages in Late Medieval Towns - John S. Lee Market Regulation in Fifteenth-Century England - James Davis Self-Government in the Small Towns of Late Medieval England - Mark Bailey Marketing and Trading Networks in Medieval Durham - C. M. Newman Peasant Opportunities in Rural Durham: Land, Vills and Mills 1400-1500 - Peter L. Larson The Shipmaster as Entrepreneur in Medieval England - Maryanne Kowaleski Cheating the Boss: Robert Carpenter's Embezzlement Instructions [1261 x 1268], and the Employee Fraud in Medieval England - Martha Carlin The Public Life of the Private Charter in Thirteenth-Century England - James Masschaele Luxury Goods in Medieval England - Christopher Dyer Bibliography of the Writings of Richard Britnell Tabula Gratulatoria

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Book SynopsisThis is a comprehensive long-run history of economic and political change in the Iberian Peninsula. Written by a team of leading historians and including extensive new data, this will be an essential work of reference for scholars of Portugal and Spain and also of comparative European economic development.

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Book SynopsisColonial Americans were enamored with the rich colors and silky surface of mahogany. As this exotic wood became fashionable, demand for it set in motion a dark, hidden story of human and environmental exploitation. Anderson traces the path from source to sale, revealing how prosperity and desire shaped not just people’s lives but the natural world.Trade Review[A] fascinating book about the most coveted wood in early America and, indeed, the 18th-century British Empire… This enlightening…study does for mahogany what others long ago did for sugar and tobacco, chocolate and coffee, rubber and bananas… From an impressive number of archival sources [Anderson] has assembled a vibrant collective portrait of colonial grandees—Benjamin and William Franklin, among them—declaring their social dominance through hard-won mahogany possessions. -- Kirk Davis Swinehart * Wall Street Journal *Anderson details the history of the search for, trade in, and use of mahogany. Though the title directs readers to early America, for Anderson, America is in reality the Atlantic world. Most of the author’s time is spent among the islands of the Caribbean or near the Bay of Honduras in Belize, where mahogany was harvested. Anderson paints a picture of the Atlantic world in which travel and trade were the norm and families lived and worked up and down the coasts of North and Central America as well as on numerous Caribbean islands. -- S. A. Jacobe * Choice *From the 1720s to the mid-19th century, mahogany was the preeminent medium for conspicuous consumption on both sides of the Atlantic… However, as Anderson’s superb [book] makes abundantly clear, the polished luster of these immaculate objects came from exploitative labor practices, ecological devastation, and phenomenal business failures, all of which attested to the commodity’s natural and human cost… Anderson’s is a remarkable contribution to Atlantic history that…will be much enjoyed by anyone interested in the history of trade in colonial America and the Caribbean. -- Brian Odom * Library Journal *Anderson’s evocative and stunning Mahogany reminds us of both the deep ties between humans and trees and the sharp consequences of allowing our passion for beauty to trump nature’s capacity to sustain a species. -- Peter C. Mancall, author of Fatal Journey: The Final Expedition of Henry HudsonAnderson has crafted a rich blend of the cultural history of mahogany, the social history of logging, the economic history of the mahogany timber trade, the environmental history of Caribbean forests, and the history of the natural history of mahogany. The result is an elegant essay in Atlantic history. -- J. R. McNeill, author of Mosquito Empires: Ecology and War in the Greater Caribbean, 1620–1914This superb study of a vital early American commodity focuses on its production, distribution, and consumption from the age of sail to the era of steam. Mahogany’s sumptuousness came at a severe price, somewhat offset by enhanced knowledge of its properties and opportunities in its harvesting. With its highly nuanced and sophisticated argument, this book deserves a wide readership. -- Philip Morgan, author of Slave Counterpoint: Black Culture in the Eighteenth-Century Chesapeake and Lowcountry‘When you drink the water, think of the well-digger,’ is folk wisdom around the world. Anderson wisely adds, when you see elegant mahogany furniture, think of the hard-handed African slave hacking away, under deadly working conditions, at a tall hardwood tree in a hot, dense Caribbean rainforest. Like Sidney Mintz’s classic study of sugar, Sweetness and Power, this book makes us see the familiar in new and disturbing ways. -- Marcus Rediker, author of The Slave Ship: A Human History

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Book SynopsisUsing a novel technique - tracking family names over generations to measure social mobility across countries and periods, this book reveals that mobility rates are lower than conventionally estimated, do not vary across societies, and are resistant to social policies.Trade ReviewWinner of 2015 Gyorgy Ranki Prize, Economic History Association Honorable Mention for the 2015 PROSE Award in Economics, Association of American Publishers One of Choice's Outstanding Academic Titles for 2014 One of Vox's "Best Books We Read in 2014" "The Son Also Rises ... suggests that dramatic social mobility has always been the exception rather than the rule. Clark examines a host of societies over the past seven hundred years and finds that the makeup of a given country's economic elite has remained surprisingly stable."--James Surowiecki, New Yorker "An epic feat of data crunching and collaborative grind... Mr. Clark has just disrupted our complacent idea of a socially mobile, democratically fluid society."--Trevor Butterworth, Wall Street Journal "Audacious."--Barbara Kiser, Nature "[A]n important book, and anybody at all interested in inequality and the kind of society we have should read it."--Diane Coyle, Enlightened Economist "The Son Also Rises... That is the new Greg Clark book and yes it is an event and yes you should buy it."--Tyler Cowen, Marginal Revolution "Startling... Clark proposes a new way to measure mobility across nations and over time. He tracks the persistence of rare surnames at different points on the socio-economic scale. The information he gathers is absorbing in its own right, quite aside from its implications."--Clive Crook, Bloomberg View "Clark casts his net wider. He looks at mobility not across one or two generations, but across many. And he shows by focusing on surnames--last names--how families overrepresented in elite institutions remain that way, though to diminishing degrees, not just for a few generations but over centuries."--Michael Barone, Washington Examiner "Deeply challenging."--Margaret Wente, Globe & Mail "Who should you marry if you want to win at the game of life? Gregory Clark ... offers some answers in his fascinating new book, The Son Also Rises."--Eric Kaufmann, Literary Review "This intriguing book measures social mobility in a novel way, by tracing unusual surnames over several generations in nine different countries, focusing on intergenerational changes in education, wealth, and social status as indicated by occupation."--Foreign Affairs "No doubt this book will be as controversial as its thesis is thought-provoking."--Library Journal "Gregory Clark's analysis of intergenerational mobility signals a marked shift in the way economists think about social mobility."--Andrew Leigh, Sydney Morning Herald "The thesis of The Son Also Rises is, fundamentally, that the apple doesn't fall far from the tree. Ingeniously, Clark and his team of researchers look at the persistence of socioeconomic status through the lens of surnames in more than 20 societies."--Tim Sullivan, Harvard Business Review "Clark has a predilection for investigating interesting questions, as well as for literary puns... [J]ust as Thomas Piketty's Capital in the 21st Century, calls into question the role of capitalism in wealth creation, Clark calls into question the role of capitalism in social mobility."--Theodore Kinni, Strategy+Business.com "Clark's book is not merely intellectually clever, it's profoundly challenging. Especially for Americans, it calls into question of ourselves as individuals, as well as our long-standing image of our society. Let's hope he's wrong."--Benjamin M. Friedman, The Atlantic "Adopting an innovative approach to using surnames to measure social mobility, The Son Also Rises engages the reader by presenting data that comes to life as it is anchored by names we see in our daily life... A book with valuable insights derived from a well-designed research, it is strongly recommended to all serious readers interested in building strong democracies, for high social mobility is at the heart of a vibrant democracy. Policy makers will gain the benefits of counter-intuitive conclusions that this book throws up with its multi-generational study. Academicians interested in social justice and social activists engaged in promoting social mobility too will have a lot to chew on."--BusinessWorld "Clark continues the project begun in his A Farewell to Alms. Here, he offers a controversial challenge to standard ideas that social mobility wipes out class advantages over a few generations... An important, challenging book."--Choice "[T]his is a well written and thought-provoking book... I look forward to his next book--and his next Hemingway pun!"--Edward Dutton, Quarterly Review "Clark's book begins a fascinating and important conversation about social mobility... Clark's findings are important to engage with, and they will factor into discussions about social mobility for years to come."--Laura Salisbury, EH.Net "[I]t's one of those rare, invigorating arguments which, if correct, totally upends your understanding of the way the world works. Right or wrong, I've thought about it more than anything else I read in 2014."--Dylan Matthews, a Vox "Best Books We Read in 2014" selection "[A] provocative book."--Richard Lampard, European Journal of Cultural and Political Sociology "The Son Also Rises makes for stimulating reading, and I recommend it."--Chris Minns, Investigaciones de Historia EconomicaTable of ContentsPreface ix 1 Introduction: Of Ruling Classes and Underclasses: The Laws of Social Mobility 1 PART I Social Mobility by Time and Place 2 Sweden: Mobility Achieved? 19 3 The United States: Land of Opportunity 45 4 Medieval England: Mobility in the Feudal Age 70 5 Modern England: The Deep Roots of the Present 88 6 A Law of Social Mobility 107 7 Nature versus Nurture 126 PART II Testing the Laws of Mobility 8 India: Caste, Endogamy, and Mobility 143 9 China and Taiwan: Mobility after Mao 167 10 Japan and Korea: Social Homogeneity and Mobility 182 11 Chile: Mobility among the Oligarchs 199 12 The Law of Social Mobility and Family Dynamics 212 13 Protestants, Jews, Gypsies, Muslims, and Copts: Exceptions to the Law of Mobility? 228 14 Mobility Anomalies 253 PART III The Good Society 15 Is Mobility Too Low? Mobility versus Inequality 261 16 Escaping Downward Social Mobility 279 Appendix 1: Measuring Social Mobility 287 Appendix 2: Deriving Mobility Rates from Surname Frequencies 296 Appendix 3: Discovering the Status of Your Surname Lineage 301 Data Sources for Figures and Tables 319 References 333 Index 349

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Book SynopsisThe dreaming paths of Aboriginal nations across Australia formed major ceremonial routes along which goods and knowledge flowed. These became the trade routes that criss-crossed Australia and transported religion and cultural values. This book highlights the valuable contribution Aboriginal people made in assisting European explorers, surveyors and stockmen to open the country for colonisation, and explores the interface between Aboriginal possession of the Australian continent and European colonisation and appropriation. Instead of positing a radical disjunction between cultural competencies, Dale Kerwin considers how European colonisation of Australia appropriated Aboriginal competence in terms of the landscape: by tapping into culinary and medicinal knowledge, water and resource knowledge, hunting, food collecting and path-finding. As a consequence of this assistance, Aboriginal dreaming paths and trading routes also became the routes and roads of colonisers. Indeed, the European colonisation of Australia owes much of its success to the deliberate process of Aboriginal land management practices. Dale Kerwin provides a social science context for the broader study of Aboriginal trading routes by setting out an historic interpretation of the Aboriginal/European contact period. His book scrutinises arguments about nomadic and primitive societies, as well as Romantic views of culture and affluence. These circumstances and outcomes are juxtaposed with evidence that indicates that Aboriginal societies are substantially sedentary and highly developed, capable of functional differentiation and foresight -- attributes previously only granted to the European settlers. The hunter-gatherer image of Aboriginal society is rejected by providing evidence of crop cultivation and land management, as well as social arrangements that made best use of a hostile environment. This book is essential reading for all those who seek to have a better knowledge of Australia and its first people: it inscribes Aboriginal people firmly in the body of Australian history.Table of ContentsCommon Sense & Common Nonsense; Coming of the Aliens; Only the Learned Can Read; Maps, Travel & Trade as a Cultural Process; To Travel is to Learn; Misrepresentation of the Grand Narrative -- 'Walk Softly on the Landscape'; Index.

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Book Synopsis'This wise and lucid guide to pluralism in economics embodies the values of its cause. Generous, open-minded, fair, accurate and accessible: John Harvey's new book is a fine achievement that every economics major should read.'- James K. Galbraith, The University of Texas at Austin, USJohn Harvey's accessible book provides a non-technical yet rigorous introduction to various schools of thought in economics. Premised on the idea that economic thinking has been stunted by the almost complete rejection of anything outside the mainstream, the author hopes that this volume will open readers' minds and lead them in new and productive directions. In his exploration of Neoclassical, Marxist, Austrian, Post Keynesian, Institutionalist, New Institutionalist and Feminist schools of thought, unique features of each approach are highlighted, complemented by discussions of methodology, world views, popular themes, and current activities. Accurate and impartial, every chapter covering a heterodox school of thought has been vetted by an acknowledged expert in that field. Though written for use in undergraduate courses, this guide will no doubt offer a great deal to any scholar wishing to gain a fresh perspective and greater understanding of the variety and breadth of current economic thinking.Trade ReviewFifty years ago I used Robert L. Heilbroner's The Worldly Philosophers to get students excited about economics. Today I would use John T. Harvey's Contending Perspectives in Economics. The book is beautifully written and full of insights into who economists are and why they think the way they do. --Paul D. Bush, California State UniversityEconomics is a mess. Oppositional clans (''schools''), pseudo-science, corruption of various kinds and relentless disdain for the real-world predominate. If you are thinking of entering this war-zone, then reading John Harvey's Contending Perspectives in Economics is your best bet for retaining your intellectual health. --Edward Fullbrook, University of the West of England, UKI just finished reading the book! I feel like I learned so much from it, and not just in terms of the information itself. As I read, it stimulated so much thought I found myself writing many pages on things I'd never even thought about! --Marcus Schiebold, Economics Undergraduate Student, University of North TexasTable of ContentsContents: 1. Introduction 2. Economics as a scientific discipline 3. Neoclassical economics 4. Marxism 5. Austrian economics 6. Post Keynesian economics 7. Institutionalism 8. New Institutionalism 9. Feminist economics 10. Ecological Economics 11. Conclusions Index

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Book SynopsisA non-Eurocentric, sweeping look at the material conditions and events that created capitalismTrade Review'A fundamental rethinking of the origins of capitalism and the emergence of Western domination by the interactive relations with the non-European world. Highly Recommended.' -- CHOICE'A fascinating tour de force that will surely be debated in the fields of history, sociology, Marxism and International Relations for years to come' -- Justin Rosenberg, Professor in International Relations at the University of Sussex'An excellent book' -- Professor John M. Hobson, University of Sheffield'This rigorously argued book presents a compelling challenge to standard narratives of capitalist modernity. The authors combine theoretical sophistication and a wide-ranging account of extra-European histories to provide a superb - and provocative - alternative' -- Gurminder K Bhambra, author of Connected Sociologies'A superb account which successfully transcends a false dichotomy. Drawing on the best aspects of Historical Sociology and International Relations, and within a rigorous Marxist framework, the authors offer a challenge to all existing explanations of the rise of the West to world dominance' -- Neil Davidson, author of How Revolutionary Were the Bourgeois Revolutions?'There is much talk these days of Big History, yet the advocates invariably stop short of talking about capitalism. With their bold and wide-ranging treatment, Anievas and Nişancıoğlu now place the origins of capitalism at the very centre of the agenda' -- Geoff Eley, Karl Pohrt Distinguished University Professor of Contemporary History at the University of Michigan'An excellent, inventive and fascinating piece of scholarship' -- Tony Mckenna, Marx & Philosophy Review of Books'A work of towering scholarly erudition combined with deep political insights that must be reckoned with' -- Louis Proyect'Provocative and brilliant ... An enormous contribution to redressing the one-sided debates about the origins of capitalism and the West's conquest of the planet ... Their book should be read by anyone hoping to understand as well as challenge Eurocentrism, imperialism, and the capitalist system as a whole' -- International Socialist Review'Provides an important introduction to a truly global history of the origins of capitalism which recognises the vital inputs and roles of a range of non-European societies' -- Review of African Political EconomyTable of ContentsList of Figures Acknowledgements Introduction 1. The Transition Debate: Theories and Critique 2. Rethinking the Origins of Capitalism: The Theory of Uneven and Combined Development 3. The Long Thirteenth Century: Structural Crisis, Conjunctural Catastrophe 4. The Ottoman-Habsburg Rivalry over the Long Sixteenth Century 5. The Atlantic Sources of European Capitalism, Territorial Sovereignty and the Modern Self 6. The ‘Classical’ Bourgeois Revolutions in the History of Uneven and Combined Development 7. Combined Encounters: Dutch Colonisation in South-East Asia and the Contradictions of ‘Free Labour’ 8. Origins of the Great Divergence over the Longue Durée: Rethinking the ‘Rise of the West’ Conclusion Notes Index

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Book SynopsisWeaving together vivid history and economic analysis, this book makes for a gripping narrative.

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Book SynopsisWhat makes countries rich? What makes countries poor? Europe''s Growth Champion: Insights from the Economic Rise of Poland seeks to answer these questions, and many more, through a study of one of the biggest, and least heard about, economic success stories. Over the last twenty-five years Poland has transitioned from a perennially backward, poor, and peripheral country to unexpectedly join the ranks of the world''s high income countries. Europe''s Growth Champion is about the lessons learned from Poland''s remarkable experience, the conditions that keep countries poor, and the challenges that countries need to face in order to grow. It defines a new growth model that Poland and its Eastern European peers need to adopt to grow and catch up with their Western counterparts. Poland''s economic rise emphasizes the importance of the fundamental sources of growth- institutions, culture, ideas, and leaders- in economic development. It demonstrates that a shift from an extractive society, wherTrade ReviewThe clarity of the author's reasoning is in fact one of the book's greatest merits * Guzowski, Piotr, EH.Net *Poland's economic success over the last three decades is nothing short of remarkable. This insightful book shows how Poland owes its success to its ability to build broadly inclusive economic institutions, and traces the roots of ability to build broadly inclusive economic institutions, and traces the roots of this institutional transformation to the country's history, to its political transition driven by its middle class, to the anchor that the European Union provided, and to good political leadership. A must read for anybody who wants to understand the process of economic reform, especially today when we are witnessing the rise of an authoritarian government in Poland threatening to reverse some of these achievements. * Daron Acemoglu, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, US *An ambitious and successful effort at explaining the evolution of Poland from feudalismto communism and to today' success story. Full of insights, with deep lessons about development in general. A pleasure to read. * Olivier Blanchard, Peterson Institute, US, former Chief Economist of the IMF *This highly readable book provides a comprehensive and novel explanation of Poland's rise to the ranks of high-income economies over the course of a single generation. The book will be essential reading for economists and economic policy-makers, including those in Poland, who face the daunting task of creating and implementing a new economic model for the future. * Dale Jorgenson, Harvard University, US *Based on comprehensive comparative research and rich personal experience, Piatkowski wrote a unique book on the post-communist transformation to a market-based, democratic and civic society. This is a tour de force on socio- socioeconomicchanges in Poland-a country that almost 30 years ago initiated the historic process of transition and was the most successful economy to cope with its immense challenges. Piatkowski persuasively explains how this happened and what is the likely future not only for Poland, but also for the whole post-communist region and Europe. * Grzegorz W. Kolodko *Most countries in the world are trapped in poverty or middle-income status. However, a country's destiny can change. Piatkowski analyzes Poland's recent success of ascending from a relatively poor to a high-income country in a generation's time. The book provides both inspiration and useful lessons for countries still struggling to change the fate of their nations. * Justin Yifu Lin, Peking University, China, former Chief Economist of the World Bank *What did Poland do to become the most successful European economy in the past thirty years? This brilliant and original book answers the question and rekindles the debate on whether successful economic development is driven by good institutions, good policies, lucky geography . . . or all three. * Branko Milanovic, Graduate Center City University of New York, US *No country did better than Poland after the fall of communism. This book dissects not just the specific policies that made this successful transition possible, but also its deeper roots in culture, institutions, and ideas-providing some surprising answers along the way. Piatkowski has written a deeply hopeful book that shows the way forward for Poland and other similarly situated economies. * Dani Rodrik, Harvard University, US *A new book on Poland's success, Europe's Growth Champion, by Marcin Piatkowski, highlights a paradox. What outsiders saw, and Poles bemoaned, in 1989 was indeed dreadful, a destitute country with dire infrastructure, pitiful wages, clapped-out industry and bankrupt public finances. But the deeper legacy of communism, the book argues, was a positive one. . . . Mr Piatkowski's arguments deserve careful consideration. The question of why some countries get rich and others stay poor is the most important economic puzzle of our times, and one that economists themselves struggle to solve. * Edward Lucas, The Times *A deep, surprising and cleverly written book about Europe's untold success story. * Tim Harford, author of Fifty Inventions That Shaped The Modern Economy and The Undercover Economist *Europe's Growth Champion is an in-depth analysis of why and how Poland has managed to build a competitive and inclusive market economy just within one generation. Marcin Piatowski's careful and theoretically sound analysis of what has and has not worked in Poland is a great guide for any reformer-and the reassurance that market reforms can deliver if correctly designed and implemented. * Sergei Guriev, Chief Economist, European Bank for Reconstruction and Development *"Poland has entered its true Golden Age," writes Marcin Piatowski in this lucid and stimulating account of Poland's transformation. * Tony Barber, Financial Times *Today, many take Poland's postcommunist economic success for granted, but that was never true. Piatkowski underscores how extractive Poland's old economic system was and how harmful its old elite. He shows convincingly that Poland's transformation proves that success is possible also where rent seeking is deeply entrenched. But it requires a real shock that breaks the old system and its ruling class. New institutions as well as a different culture are needed and they can be built. * Anders Åslund, Atlantic Council, Washington, DC *One of the main reasons why countries in Central and Eastern Europe are poorer than Western European countries is because they often reverse important reforms. Poland is no exception in this regard, this time around despite an enviable economic and social performance since the transition and the historically unparalleled anchoring that the European Union provides. This book not only provides an excellent analysis of the fundamental factors that brought about this unprecedented growth spurt in Poland, but it also offers a strong hope that these factors will be robust enough to prevent reform reversals and keep Poland on its rapid convergence trajectory. I can only hope that the author is right about this. A must read for economists, policymakers and politicians in the region. * Istvan Szekely, Director, European Commission, DG ECFIN *Piatkowski's book provides the most thorough analysis so far of the reasons behind Poland's economic successes since it embarked on the transition to the market economy. Blending advanced economic analysis together with a deep historical perspective, this book is a great example of how contemporary economic methods can deliver very fruitful insights and enlighten policy debates. * Prof. Gerard Roland, E. Morris Cox Professor of Economics and Political Science at the University of California, Berkeley *Europe's Growth Champion. Insights from the Economic Rise of Poland is a groundbreaking analysis, a pioneering work on post-communist development in Poland and in Central and Eastern Europe, and a crucial guide to understanding how to achieve developmental success in the post-communist context. It should be read by anyone who is interested in development and postcommunist economic transition in Poland and beyond, or in root causes, institutional arrangements, state policies and other factors of contemporary development successes. * Andrzej Bolesta, United Nations Economic and Social Commission for Asia and the Pacific, Europe-Asia Studies *Table of ContentsIntroduction 1: Fundamental Sources of Growth: Institutions, Culture and Ideas 2: From Black Death to black hole 3: What the Black Death was to Western Europe, Communism was to Central and Eastern Europe 4: Poland's Transition Success Story 5: Drivers of Poland's Successful Transition 6: Fundamental Sources of Poland's Growth: The Role of Institutions 7: The Role of Culture, Ideas, and Leadership 8: Will Poland's Success Continue? Projections, Scenarios, and Risks 9: The New Growth Model for Central and Eastern Europe: "The Warsaw Consensus" 10: Conclusions and the Way Forward

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Book SynopsisThis timely book studies the economic theories of credit cycles and disturbances in the 20th century, presenting a nuanced view of the role of finance in the economy after the financial crash of 2008. Focusing on the work of economists from Marx onwards, Jan Toporowski moves beyond conventional monetary theory to offer an insightful critical alternative to current financial macroeconomics. The book features an extended discussion of Marx's approach to credit and finance, new insights to Minsky's ideas and a reconsideration of the financial theories of Kalecki and Steindl. Economic researchers and postgraduate students seeking to extend their knowledge of critical approaches to finance will find this an invaluable read, as well as practitioners and policy makers who seek to understand financial instability and unstable markets. This will also be an insightful read for economic historians looking to understand the nuances of different key economic theories and their practical applications. This timely book studies the economic theories of credit cycles and disturbances in the 20th century, presenting a nuanced view of the role of finance in the economy after the financial crash of 2008.Trade Review'Jan Toporowski provides a provocative guide to a dissenting tradition in macroeconomics where monetary and financial institutions are just as fundamental to the market economy's performance as real factors - endowments, tastes, technology, etc. Along his route from Marx to Minsky we naturally encounter the likes of Keynes and Kalecki, but also, more surprisingly, proto-monetarists like Fisher, Hawtrey, and Henry Simons. Whatever our own views, Toporowski forces us to look at today's macroeconomics in a refreshingly new light: highly recommended.' --David Laidler, University of Western Ontario, US'Professor Jan Toporowski offers us a brilliant piece of scholarship combining history of money and credit theories ranging over heterodox economists from Marx and Luxemburg to mainstream but radical economists such as Keynes and Minsky. It is a here and now explanation of our problems.' --Lord Meghnad Desai, London School of Economics, UKTable of ContentsContents: PART I: CAPITALISM AND FINANCIAL CRISIS 1. Marx and the Monetary Business Cycle 2. Marx and the Emergence of Debt Markets 3. Rosa Luxemburg and the Marxists on Finance PART II: CRITICAL THEORIES OF FINANCE IN THE TWENTIETH CENTURY: UNSTABLE MONEY AND FINANCE 4. Ralph Hawtrey and the Monetary Business Cycle 5. Irving Fisher and Debt Deflation 6. John Maynard Keynes’s Financial Theory of Under-Investment I: Towards Doubt 7. John Maynard Keynes’s Financial Theory of Under-Investment II: Towards Uncertainty PART III: CRITICAL THEORIES OF FINANCE IN THE TWENTIETH CENTURY: CORPORATE DEBT AND CRISIS 8. The Principle Of Increasing Risk: Marek Breit 9. The Principle Of Increasing Risk: Michal Kalecki 10. The Principle of Increasing Risk: Josef Steindl and Michal Kalecki on Profits and Finance 11. The Kalecki-Steindl theory of financial fragility PART IV: CRITICAL THEORIES OF FINANCE IN THE TWENTIETH CENTURY: THE FINANCIAL INSTABILITY HYPOTHESIS 12. The Monetary Theory of Kalecki and Minsky 13. From Money to Minsky: Henry Simons 14. The Financial Instability Hypothesis Bibliography Index

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Book SynopsisA sobering excavation of how deeply nineteenth-century American banks were entwined with the institution of slavery. It's now widely understood that the fullest expression of nineteenth-century American capitalism was found in the structures of chattel slavery. It's also understood that almost every other institution and aspect of life then was at least entangled withand often profited fromslavery's perpetuation. Yet as Sharon Ann Murphy shows in her powerful and unprecedented book, the centrality of enslaved labor to banking in the antebellum United States is far greater than previously thought. Banking on Slavery sheds light on precisely how the financial relationships between banks and slaveholders worked across the nineteenth-century South. Murphy argues that the rapid spread of slavery in the South during the 1820s and '30s depended significantly upon southern banks' willingness to financialize enslaved lives, with the use of enslaved individuals as loan collateral proving cTrade Review"Murphy’s meticulously researched and clearly written study examines the role of banks in what she terms the concomitant 'financialization' of human property and the southwestern expansion of plantation economies in the mid-19th-century South. . . . The lives of enslaved persons caught in the web of the capitalist marketplace haunt the pages of Murphy's excellent work." * Choice *“A tremendous accomplishment. We cannot fully understand the history of banking in the United States without reckoning with Murphy’s important findings. Banking on Slavery sets the stage for new understandings of the history of capitalism and its relation to slavery.” * Claire Priest, author of Credit Nation: Property Laws and Institutions in Early America *"In a pathbreaking account of the way Americans financed slavery, Murphy connects the vast sweep of that tragedy to the banking that made it possible. Detail by dollar detail, she exposes the structures that transmuted enslaved people into assets and collateral, building white wealth all the while. A powerful--and chilling--book." -- Christine Desan, author of Making Money: Coin, Currency, and the Coming of Capitalism"More surprising has been the lack of historical analysis of the banking firms and financial practices that underwrote the expansion of slavery in the antebellum United States. In her groundbreaking new book, Banking on Slavery, historian Sharon Ann Murphy corrects this glaring omission." * Sean Vanatta, Wharton Initiative on Financial Policy and Regulation *Table of ContentsList of Illustrations Introduction: Banking in the Nation’s Largest Slave Market Part I: Financing Southwestern Expansion through the 1810s 1 The Limits of Early Bank Financing of Slavery 2 Adapting Slave Financing to the Needs of the Frontier South during the Nation’s First Boom and Bust Part II: Financing an Empire of Slavery in the 1820s and 1830s 3 Old South Banks and Frontier Finance 4 Pushing Financial Boundaries with Traditional Banks 5 Reimagining Banking for a Slave Economy Part III: The Collateral Damage of the Panics of 1837 and 1839 6 Foreclosing (or Not) on Delinquent Slaveholders 7 Escaping Debt: Bankruptcy, Fraud, and Going to Texas 8 When Banks Fail 9 From Commercial Banking to Private Finance Epilogue: Banks, Debt, Emancipation, Reparations, and Memory Acknowledgments Abbreviations Notes Index

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Book SynopsisMoney provides a unique and illuminating perspective on the Middle Ages. In much of medieval Europe the central meaning of money was a prescribed unit of precious metal but in practice precious metal did not necessarily change hands and indeed coinage was very often in short supply. Money had economic, institutional, social, and cultural dimensions which developed the legacy of antiquity and set the scene for modern developments including the rise of capitalism and finance as well as a moralized discourse on the proper and improper uses of money. In its many forms - coin, metal, commodity, and concept - money played a central role in shaping the character of medieval society and, in turn, offers a vivid reflection of the distinctive features of medieval civilization. Drawing upon a wealth of visual and textual sources, A Cultural History of Money in the Medieval Age presents essays that examine key cultural case studies of the period on the themes of technologies, ideas, ritualTable of ContentsList of Illustrations Notes on Contributors Series Preface, Bill Maurer, University of California Irvine, USA Introduction: Approaching Medieval Money, Rory Naismith, University of Cambridge, UK 1. Money and its Technologies: The “Principles of Minting” in the Middle Ages, Oliver Volckart, London School of Economics and Political Science, UK 2. Money and its Ideas: Payment Methods in the Middle Ages, Laurent Feller, University of Paris 1 - Panthéon-Sorbonne, France 3. Money, Ritual, and Religion: Economic Value between Theology and Administration, Giacomo Todeschini, Italy 4. Money and the Everyday: Whose Currency? Richard Kelleher, Fitzwilliam Museum, Cambridge, UK 5. Money, Art, and Representation: The Powerful and Pragmatic Faces of Medieval Coinage, Rebecca R. Darley, Birkbeck, University of London, UK 6. Money and its Interpretation: Attitudes to Money in the Societas Christiana, Svein H. Gullbekk, Museum of Cultural History, University of Oslo, Norway 7. Money and the Issues of the Age: The Plurality of Money, Rory Naismith, University of Cambridge, UK Notes Bibliography Index

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Book SynopsisFor a long time, everything revolved around bread. Providing more than half of people's daily calories, bread was the life-source of Europe for centuries. In the middle of 19th century, a third of household expenditure was spent on bread. Why, then, does it only account for 0.8% of expenditure and just 12% of daily calories today?In this book, Peter Scholliers delves into the history of bread to map out its defining moments and people. From the price revolution of the 1890s that led to affordable and pure white bread, to the taste revolution of the 1990s that ushered in healthy brown bread, he studies consumers, bakers and governments to explain how and why this food that once powered an entire continent has fallen by the wayside, and what this means for the modern age.From prices and consumption to legislation and technology, Scholliers shows how the history of bread has been shaped by subtle cultural shifts as well as top-down decisions from ruling bodies. From theTrade ReviewBread, a name that tastes ancient and "natural". But bread does not exist in nature. Since it was invented it has been a symbol of innovation and creativity. Bread is the perfect food, designed by humans for humans. After millennia, it continues to hold the secret of humanity. * Massimo Montanari, Professor of Medieval History, Bologna University, Italy *In a masterful and lively study, as rigorous as it is graceful, Scholliers insists on the essential : bread is at the core of public and private life, as much a political and social as a nutritional and gastronomical object, a powerful force of and for life, yet also a reminder of its fragility. * Steven Laurence Kaplan, Goldwin Smith Professor emeritus of European History, Cornell University, USA *Bread was, for centuries, the staple of most Europeans’ diets. Here Peter Scholliers weaves together economic and medical histories, the daily lives of workers, the histories of technology and consumption, to demonstrate how a simple item like a loaf of bread can trace historical change in all its complexity. * Rachel Rich, Reader in Modern European History, Leeds Beckett University, UK *Table of ContentsIntroduction Part I: The Consumer 1. Eating Bread 2. Types of Bread 3. Prices and Purchasing power 4. Acquiring Bread: Baking, Buying and Stealing 5. Calories, Kilos and Grams 6. Bad bread: Fraud, Additives and Riots Part II: The Baker 7. Artisanal Baking 8. Technology and Hygiene 9. The Factories 10. Wages, Costs and Profits 11. Image, Status and Wealth 12. Politics, Strikes and Consultations Part III: The Government 13. Grain Policy 14. Price Control 15. Fraud on the Track 16. School and Education 17. Committees, Councils, Institutes and Agencies Conclusion: Good Bread Glossary Bibliography Appendices Index

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Book SynopsisThe United States has just gone through the worst economic crisis in a generation. Why wasn't there more protest, as there was in other countries? During the United States' last great era of free-market policies, before World War II, economic crises were always accompanied by unrest. The history of capitalism, the economist Joseph Schumpeter warned in 1942, is studded with violent bursts and catastrophes. In The End of Protest, Alasdair Roberts explains how, in the modern age, governments learned to unleash market forces while also avoiding protest about the market's failures.Roberts argues that in the last three decades, the two countries that led the free-market revolutionthe United States and Britainhave invented new strategies for dealing with unrest over free market policies. The organizing capacity of unions has been undermined so that it is harder to mobilize discontent. The mobilizing potential of new information technologies has also been checked. Police forceTrade Review"Kudos to Cornell University Press for launching the series in order to engage the broader public about matters of the moment, such as the question of dissent."-Critical Margins

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Book SynopsisTrade ReviewWinner of the 2016 Douglass C. North Research Award, Society for Institutional and Organizational Economics (SIOE) Shortlisted for the 2016 Ralph Waldo Emerson Award, Phi Beta Kappa Society One of Flavorwire's 10 Must-Read Academic Books for 2015 One of HistoryBuff.com's 10 Can't-Miss History Books of 2015 "Superb."--Armand Marie Leroi, New York Times "In the late fourth century B.C., Aristotle and his students collected the constitutions of more than 150 [...] city-states. The scholar who would today follow in Aristotle's footsteps has to deal with a far more formidable mass of data. Few of today's scholars control more of this data, or write about it more insightfully, than Josiah Ober. [T]hose willing to put in the effort will learn much from the deep meditations of an expert historian and political philosopher."--James Romm, Wall Street Journal "[T]his could turn out to be Gibbon's Decline and Fall of the Roman Empire for classical Greece."--Jonathan Sturgeon, Flavorwire "Ober marshals a wealth of new data to make the case for a much different view of Greek history ... there was something distinct about the Greek world, he argues. What set the Greeks apart, he says, was their choice of a particular kind of order--and the cultural attitudes that went with it. Citizen self-government. Equality of standing among persons. Fair and open institutions. These ideas, unusual in history, were well developed in the Greek world, Ober notes. If we care about them, he says, we should pay attention."--Marc Parry, Chronicle of Higher Education "[Ober's] central argument is that the achievements of Greek civilization were rooted in its prosperity, and that was the result of a rough economic and political equality... [He] ranges over a half millennium of Greek history, from the 8th to the 3rd centuries BCE, seeking the roots of Greek "efflorescence"--its material and cultural flourishing... [The Rise and Fall of Classical Greece] is rife with parallels to the present."--Brian Bethune, Macleans "An attractive, informative, and timely picture of Greece from Homer to Aristotle... It's an absorbing story full of excitement, drama and hope."--Evaggelos Valiantos, Huffington Post "A sharp and insightful economic history."--Daisy Dunn, History Today [The Rise and Fall of Classical Greece] is by far [Ober's] most ambitious work to date, a magisterial tour of the successes and failures of various city-states throughout the Greek world from the archaic through the Hellenistic periods... The thrust of the book is not just provocative but persuasive."--Adriaan Lanni, The New Rambler "This book is a groundbreaking examination of what Ober (political science, Stanford) calls the 'efflorescence' of ancient Greece, which, divided into some 1,100 city-states as it was, developed a unified, dominant culture."--Choice "His narrative history of Greek efflorescence is engaging and full of insights."--Richard Seaford, Literary Review "A thought-provoking book with great depth. As the great political theorists of the modern era have always known, the ancient Greek experience provides immense empirical material to mine for insights into political science: how we design rules of politics to secure human freedom and well-being. We ignore the experience of classical civilization to our own disadvantage."--Jason Sorens, The American Conservative "This challenging book is like no other history of the ancient world... [Ober] produces some engaging and striking analyses of familiar historical episodes."--American Historical Review "Intriguing... [Y]ou can think of this book as how an economist might think about ancient Greece."--Tyler Cowen, Marginal Revolution "[Ober's] work will be of interest to anyone who is serious about the history of political economy, or who wants to know more about the relationship between democracy, economic growth, and human flourishing, whether in the ancient or modern world... The Rise and Fall of Classical Greece ... will richly reward a serious lay reader. One of its most appealing qualities is its multidisciplinary approach, which is the fruit of Ober's extensive and generously acknowledged collaboration with scholars from around the world as well as with his Stanford colleagues in a number of fields, including the sciences. In this respect, it points in a direction that future humanities scholars will need to go if they, too, wish to flourish."--David Wharton, Weekly Standard "A fresh and vigorous account about the roots of democracy."--Brian A. Pavlac, Canadian Journal of HistoryTable of ContentsList of Images and Tables xi Preface xiii Acknowledgments xxi Abbreviations xxv 1 The Efflorescence of Classical Greece 1 2 Ants around a Pond: An Ecology of City-States 21 3 Political Animals: A Theory of Decentralized Cooperation 45 4 Wealthy Hellas: Measuring Efflorescence 71 5 Explaining Hellas' Wealth: Fair Rules and Competition 101 6 Citizens and Specialization before 550 BCE 123 7 From Tyranny to Democracy, 550-465 BCE 157 8 Golden Age of Empire, 478-404 BCE 191 9 Disorder and Growth, 403-340 BCE 223 10 Political Fall, 359-334 BCE 261 11 Creative Destruction and Immortality 293 Appendix I: Regions of the Greek World: Population, Size, Fame 317 Appendix II: King, City, and Elite Game, Josiah Ober and Barry Weingast 321 Notes 329 Bibliography 367 Index 401

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Book SynopsisAlmost since the event itself in 1757, the English East India Company''s victory over the forces of the nawab of Bengal and the territorial acquisitions that followed has been perceived as the moment when the British Empire in India was born. Examining the Company''s political and intellectual history in the century prior to this supposed transformation, The Company-State rethinks this narrative and the nature of the early East India Company itself. In this book, Philip J. Stern reveals the history of a corporation concerned not simply with the bottom line but also with the science of colonial governance. Stern demonstrates how Company leadership wrestled with typical early modern problems of political authority, such as the mutual obligations of subjects and rulers; the relationships among law, economy, and sound civil and colonial society; the constitution of civic institutions ranging from tax collection and religious practice to diplomacy and warmaking; and the nature of jurisdiction and sovereignty over people, territory, and the sea. Their ideas emerged from abstract ideological, historical, and philosophical principles and from the real-world entanglements of East India Company employees and governors with a host of allies, rivals, and polyglot populations in their overseas plantations. As the Company shaped this colonial polity, it also confronted shifting definitions of state and sovereignty across Eurasia that ultimately laid the groundwork for the Company''s incorporation into the British empire and state through the eighteenth century.Challenging traditional distinctions between the commercial and imperial eras in British India, as well as a colonial Atlantic world and a trading world of Asia, The Company-State offers a unique perspective on the fragmented nature of state, sovereignty, and empire in the early modern world.Trade ReviewWith great skill, Stern has extracted from the archives a cogent and highly engaging narrative of events that even participants found highly tremendously confusing. He deftly conveys the world of the East India company, marshaling striking visual materials and wonderfully evocative quotations from a wide array of Company documents. * Radical History Review *A thought-provoking reinterpretation that will compel us to reexamine assumptions about colonial companies in general. * H-Net *In a work of deep erudition and striking originality Philip Stern deftly demolishes many of the categories by which we try to organize our work: are states and companies really different animals, were the early modern Atlantic and Indian Oceans distinct worlds, what, if anything, was new about the post-Plassey British Indian empire? We are politely but firmly directed back to the drawing board. * P. J. Marshall, King's College London *In The Company-State, Philip Stern has made an important contribution not only to studies of empire, but to early modern history in general. This is an important and innovative reconsideration of the East India Company as a political actor in the first phase of its career. This incisively crafted book will be widely read, cited, and debated. * Sanjay Subrahmanyam, University of California, Los Angeles *A bracing re-thinking of the early modern East India Company and its role in shaping English practices of empire, governance, 'trade,' and polity, Philip Stern's book will replace all previous studies on the topic. * Kathleen Wilson, Stony Brook University *Table of ContentsIntroduction: "A State in the Disguise of a Merchant" ; Part I: Foundations ; Chapter 1 "Planning & Peopling Your Colony": Building a Company-State ; Chapter 2 "A Sort of Republic for the Management of Trade": The Jurisdiction of a Company-State ; Chapter 3 "A Politie of Civill and Military Power": Diplomacy, War, and Expansion ; Chapter 4 "Politicall Science and Martiall Prudence": Political Thought and Political Economy ; Chapter 5 "The Most Sure and Profitable Sort of Merchandice": Protestantism and Piety ; Part II: Transformations ; Chapter 6 "Great Warrs Leave Behind them Long Tales": Crisis and Response in Asia after 1688 ; Chapter 7 Auspicio Regis et Senatus Angliae": Crisis and Response in Britain after 1688 ; Chapter 8 "The Day of Small Things": Civic Governance in the New Century ; Chapter 9 "A Sword in One Hand & Money in the Other": Old Patterns, New Rivals ; Conclusion "A Great and Famous Superstructure" ; Abbreviations ; Glossary ; Notes ; Index

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Book SynopsisSchumpeter made his mark as the prophet of incessant change. Drawing on all of Schumpeter’s writings, including many intimate diaries and letters never before used, this biography paints the full portrait of a magnetic figure who aspired to become the world’s greatest economist, lover, and horseman—and admitted to failure only with the horses.Trade ReviewThis well-paced and beautifully written book explains not only Schumpeter's work but also the fast-changing phenomenon of modern capitalism. McCraw brings out Schumpeter's energy and charisma as well as the power of his ideas, quite skillfully linking the economist's colorful and adventurous personal life with the development of his views. This book is a fine tribute to a great thinker. -- Harold James, Princeton UniversityA welcome book—a truly penetrating biography of the most influential theorist of finance capitalism. -- Edmund S. Phelps, 2006 Nobel Laureate in EconomicsA most compelling portrait of a complex man who has had a profound influence on how we think about entrepreneurship. -- Amar Bhidé, Columbia University[Schumpeter's] private life was no less fascinating than his public message. In Prophet of Innovation, Thomas McCraw--emeritus professor of history at the Harvard Business School--artfully weaves the two together. -- Dan Seligman * Wall Street Journal *In this biography, Pulitzer Prize winner McCraw neatly divides his emphasis between Schumpeter's professional and personal life. He portrays his subject as a somewhat self-absorbed insatiable scholar not entirely comfortable with his contemporaries, which might explain marriages and affairs with much older and younger women, as well as his affinity with students and often-strained relations with colleagues of his own generation. McGraw lucidly addresses Schumpeter's economic theories through an examination of his letters, lectures, addresses, articles, and major works...[An] insightful and highly readable biography. -- Lawrence R. Maxted * Library Journal (starred review) *[A] persuasive and eloquent biography. -- Jay Hancock * Baltimore Sun *Much honored as an economic prophet, Joseph Schumpeter has had to wait half a century after his death for this splendid full-dress biography covering his ideas, life, and times...[This is] a fat, learned biography by Thomas McCraw, one of America's most respected business historians, the author of a Pulitzer prize-winning history of the rise of regulation. He has found the perfect subject in Schumpeter. He succeeds in getting inside the economist's head, explaining not just what he thought but why he thought it. Beyond this, he also succeeds in painting a portrait of his times. Fin de siècle Vienna, Weimar Germany, Harvard University before and after the first world war: all come to life on these pages. * The Economist *Prophet of Innovation: Joseph Schumpeter and Creative Destruction is a well-written and entrancing look at one of the twentieth century's most important economic and political thinkers. McCraw's book may rightly take its place as one of the two or three best biographies of an economist ever written...[It] is so splendid because it succeeds on so many different levels. If the book were simply an account of the Harvard economics department, it would stand as a lasting and significant contribution to the history of economic thought. Alternatively, it is one of the best treatments of what it was like for European intellectuals to migrate to the United States. Or are you interested in why Austria fell apart during the 1920s, and how someone with as little real world experience as Schumpeter became Minister of Finance? The book is also a love story, and an account of how a possibly dysfunctional man can nonetheless find romantic happiness after repeated failures and tragedies. Last but not least it is an intellectual history...Every year there are three or four non-fiction books that have to be read, and this is one of them. -- Tyler Cowen * American.com *McCraw...frames his narrative confidently and writes beautifully...Best of all, McCraw is an extremely good interpreter of Schumpeter's published work. -- David Warsh * economicprincipals.com *An extraordinary new biography. Prophet of Innovation by Thomas K. McCraw chronicles the life of one of the 20th century's most original and insightful scholars...Like his contemporary and frequent rival John Maynard Keynes, Schumpeter makes for a rich biographical subject. Keynes received the treatment he deserved from Lord Robert Skidelsky's magisterial multi-volume biography. McCraw's effort, similarly, is worthy of Schumpeter. -- Nick Schulz * National Review *McCraw's triumph is to tell...readers quite as much as we need to know about Schumpeter in a lucid and well-paced narrative, while also supplying, for more rigorous scholars, no fewer than two hundred pages of endnotes...McCraw successfully passes off the life of a professor of economics as a story that fully complements its undoubted intellectual significance with a tantalizing human interest. -- Peter Clarke * London Review of Books *McCraw doesn't get lost in the baroque details of Schumpeter's story--how many economists ever fought a duel?--or in the arcana of his theories, achieving a balance that his brilliant and restless subject rarely did in life. * New Yorker *A thinker as multifaceted as Schumpeter demands much of a biographer, and in Prophet of Innovation: Joseph Schumpeter and Creative Destruction, Thomas McCraw delivers...McCraw not only excels at conveying the innovation and excitement in Schumpeter's work, he keeps readers riveted to the story of the economist's life, and some of the twists are almost novelistic...[An] outstanding biography. -- Daniel McCarthy * American Conservative *It's no small feat to make a jaunty read out of the life of an economist dead more than 50 years, and Thomas K. McCraw has done just that in his impressive new biography of Joseph Schumpeter. -- Kevin R. Kosar * Weekly Standard *[Schumpeter] deserves more recognition and McCraw's book is to be welcomed on that account. -- Pat McArdle * Irish Times *Prophet of Innovation is an immensely entertaining read. -- Marisa Morrison * Washington Times *Although Schumpeter died in 1950, McCraw is right to insist that his contributions to our understanding of the economies in which we live are still vital today. -- Peter Timlin * Harvard Magazine *Books on the lives of the great economists might not, at first blush, set the blood coursing. Yet Robert Skidelsky's masterly three-volume biography of John Maynard Keynes proved how engrossing such a life could be. It is high praise to say that Thomas McCraw's biography of Joseph Schumpeter, Prophet of Innovation, has some of the same quality and appeal...McCraw, who has written the definitive biography of his subject, supplies many testimonials to Schumpeter's genius and influence from both his day and our own. -- Robin Blackburn * The Nation *[McCraw] has written an impressive and thoughtful biography of one of the most significant economists of the 20th century. Although widely regarded as a man of no small ego, Schumpeter can justifiably lay claim to effecting considerable scholarly debate in a wide range of academic backgrounds. Schumpeter’s analysis of economic development and business cycles, his notion of the process and significance of creative destruction, and his views on entrepreneurial activities continue to influence generations of economists and social scientists. McCraw’s thorough, insightful biography draws on an array of public and private papers to explain Schumpeter’s scholarly development and increasing sway, from his early years in Vienna to Bonn and later to his tenure at Harvard. This engaging scholarly work provides substance and context and is well worth a close read by both students and faculty. -- T.E. Sullivan * Choice *McCraw’s book on Schumpeter is an absorbing read, with short chapters, lots of personal detail and historical scene setting, and an important anti-Galbraithian economic theme. -- Deirdre McCloskey * Reason *An excellent, thorough and smoothly written biography of Joseph Schumpeter, the greatest economist of the 20th century. Too bad most politicos--and economists--don't fully grasp his insights. -- Steve Forbes * Forbes *Those seeking some escape from the deluge of "Keynes the Comeback Kid" will enjoy a refresher on that other brilliant economist of his generation, Joseph Schumpeter. Thomas K. McCraw's brilliant biography of the economist who best understood the turbulence of markets and "creative destruction" is all the more relevant as a credit crisis-induced recession unfolds. This biography is the clearest and most comprehensive guide to Schumpeter's life and work and the turbulence of his time which has, like the classic business cycle, come round again. -- Bill Jamieson * The Spectator *It's the lively and penetrating prose of the book itself that make its appearance in paperback a cause for rejoicing. Reading it is certainly time well-invested. -- Abraham Benrubi * openlettersmonthly.com *Although he died 60 years ago, Schumpeter's ideas about capitalism still resonate, including the belief that no business, no matter how successful, should assume it will be around forever. * Worth *As Thomas McCraw’s comprehensive and well-written biography convincingly shows, Schumpeter succeeded in becoming the ‘prophet of innovation’ by pioneering the vision of a superproductive world of continuing competitive struggle in a nexus of more or less open financial and economic markets. It’s never easy to make economics come alive on the page, particularly for readers not steeped in the discipline, but McCraw does his best to balance rigor and accessibility. He gives careful attention to the various elements of Schumpeter’s life, focusing, naturally, on his work… McCraw’s biography is a major step toward Schumpeter’s restoration in the pantheon of modern economists. -- Victor Zarnowitz * Conference Board Review *Table of Contents* Preface * Part I: L'Enfant Terrible, 1883--1926: Innovation and Economics * Prologue: Who He Was and What He Did *1. Leaving Home *2. Shaping His Character *3. Learning Economics *4. Moving Out *5. Career Takeoff *6. War and Politics *7. Gran Rifiuto *8. Annie *9. Heartbreak * Part II: The Adult, 1926--1939: Capitalism and Society * Prologue: What He Had Learned *10. New Intellectual Directions *11. Policy and Entrepreneurship *12. Between Two Worlds *13. Harvard *14. Suffering and Solace * Part III: The Sage, 1939--1950: Innovation, Capitalism, and History * Prologue: How and Why He Embraced History *15. Business Cycles, Business History *16. Letters from Europe *17. To Leave Harvard? *18. Against the Grain *19. The Courage of Her Convictions *20. Alienation *21. Capitalism, Socialism, and Democracy *22. War and Perplexity *23. Introspection *24. Honors and Resurgence *25. Toward the Mixed Economy *26. History of Economic Analysis *27. A Principle of Indeterminateness *28. L'Envoi * Epilogue: The Legacy * Notes * Acknowledgments * Illustration Credits * Index

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Book SynopsisHow top traders made huge profits during the most momentous market events of the past century Financial and commodity markets are characterized by periodic crashes and upside explosions. In retrospect, the reasons behind these abrupt movements often seem very clear, but generally few people understand what''s happening at the time. Top traders and investors like George Soros or Jesse Livermore have stood apart from the crowd and capitalized on their unique insights to capture huge profits. Engaging and informative, The Greatest Trades of All Time chronicles how a select few traders anticipated market eruptions?from the 1929 stock market crash to the 2008 subprime mortgage meltdown?and positioned themselves to excel while a majority of others failed. Along the way, author Vincent Veneziani describes the economic and financial forces that led to each market cataclysm and how theseindividuals perceived what was happening beforehand and why they decided to place big bets, Table of ContentsAcknowledgments xiii About the Author xv Introduction xvii Chapter 1 J. Kyle Bass: Timing is Everything 1 The Back Story 1 A Few Definitions 2 Bass Asks Why 4 Learning from the Past 6 Shorting Subprime Loans 7 The Best Position 8 The Effects of Abuse 11 Who Was Watching? 13 Re-creating Bass’s Trading Strategies 17 Bass’s Top Traits 17 Chapter 2 James Chanos: The Real King of Enron 21 Enter Enron 21 Really Looking at Enron 23 The Best Position 26 Recreating Chanos’s Trading Strategies 28 A More Recent Example 28 Chanos’s Top Traits 30 Chapter 3 Paul Tudor Jones II: Legendary Global Macro Trader 31 Following a Genius 31 The Path of Greatness 32 Starting Out 33 Knowing All the Markets 35 Global Macro Trading 36 Elliot Wave Theory 38 More Keys to Jones’s Success 40 Success beyond Trading 43 Recreating Jones’s Trading Strategies 43 Jones’s Top Traits 44 Chapter 4 John Templeton: Legendary Mutual Fund Manager 47 What Made Templeton Famous 47 Templeton’s Life before Investing 49 Educational Aspirations 50 The Married Life 52 Templeton’s Big Move 53 Back to New York 54 Looking to the Future, and the Templeton Growth Fund 55 Templeton’s Second Marriage and Fund 56 The Bahamas 57 Recreating Templeton’s Trading Strategies 58 Templeton’s Top Traits 59 Chapter 5 Jesse Livermore: Legendary Speculator 61 Livermore’s History 61 At Home in New York 63 Fame and Fortune 63 The Panic of 1907 64 The Crash of 1929 65 Livermore’s Tragic End 66 An Example of Livermore’s Influence Today 68 Recreating Livermore’s Trading Strategies 69 Livermore’s Top Traits 69 Chapter 6 John Paulson: The Greatest Trade of All Time 73 Paulson’s Early Career 73 Paulson & Co. 74 The Greatest Trade 74 Recreating Paulson’s Trading Strategies 79 Paulson’s Top Traits 81 Chapter 7 George Soros: From Humble Beginnings to World Trader 83 Soros’s Famous Trades 84 The Hardships of a Trading Genius 87 Going to School in London 88 Work in New York 90 Joining the Big Leagues 91 Finding Himself 93 Crashing from Success 95 A New Protégé 97 Onto the World Stage 98 The Backlash 100 A Conflicted Mind 101 A New Era 101 Recreating Soros’s Trading Strategies 102 Soros’s Top Traits 103 Chapter 8 David Einhorn: A Company’s Worst Nightmare 105 Allied is Not an Ally 105 Lucky Lehman 108 The Great Beyond 110 Recreating Einhorn’s Trading Strategies 111 Einhorn’s Top Traits 112 Chapter 9 Martin Schwartz: From Amateur to Superstar 115 Start Small, Go Big 115 Trading Like a Rock Star 117 Winding Down 118 Recreating Schwartz’s Trading Strategies 120 Schwartz’s Top Traits 121 Chapter 10 John Arnold: Master of Energy 123 Success at Enron 123 Centaurus Energy 124 The Explosion 126 Recreating Arnold’s Trading Strategies 127 Crude Oil 127 Natural Gas 128 Arnold’s Top Traits 130 Chapter 11 More Great Trades: Phillip Falcone, David Tepper, Andrew Hall, Greg Lippmann 131 Phillip Falcone 131 Recreating Falcone’s Trading Strategies 134 David Tepper 135 Recreating Tepper’s Trading Strategies 136 Andrew Hall 138 Recreating Hall’s Trading Strategies 139 Greg Lippmann 141 Recreating Lippmann’s Trading Strategies 143 In Summary 144 Notes 147 Glossary 149 References 151 Helpful Web Sites 157 Index 161

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