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Book SynopsisThis volume focuses on the key trends and major developments in engineering education in India and reflects on the effects and challenges of its expansion on economic growth and development.Analysing several dimensions relating to the status and growth of engineering education, this book: Highlights, in the overall policy environment, the rapid growth of engineering education, imbalances in the growth between different branches of engineering education, changing trends and patterns in their growth, quality of education, gender inequality, and inequality by caste, region and economic status and labour market conditions that influence the demand for engineering education Reflects on the rapid growth of private sector in engineering education and its effects on equitable access, quality and other dimensions of higher education, and on overall development of the economy Investigates the socio-economic characteristics of the students going to private colTrade Review“Engineering as a field of university study in India has grown by leaps and bounds in the past 25 years, most of it in private institutions and of highly varied quality, from the internationally renowned Indian Institute of Technology to low-quality unaided private institutions. It is this huge and varied engineering education system which India depends on to make it a major player in the global economy. Professor Tilak’s book—a detailed study of this complex subject based on extensive empirical data—is an essential reading for understanding whether the system as it now exists will be able to fill this role.” - Martin Carnoy, Vida Jacks Professor of Education and Economics & Lemann Foundation Professor Stanford University “Engineering education is one of the most important aspects of Indian higher education and central for India's future economy. It is also not well understood and significant parts of it are subpar. Dr. Tilak has provided a thoughtful data-driven and policy-relevant analysis.” - Philip G. Altbach, Research Professor and Distinguished Fellow, Center for International Higher Education, Boston College, USA “This is possibly the first study to provide a systematic economic analysis of engineering education in India. Its juxtaposition of the macro-level with the micro-level makes it most valuable for research scholars and policy practitioners in India, while its recognition of the wider international context will interest readers in the outside world.” - Deepak Nayyar, Emeritus Professor of Economics, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, and former Vice Chancellor, University of Delhi “A must reading for higher education policy makers in India, focusing on engineering by a prominent scholar in the field.” - George Psacharopoulos, Formerly with London School of Economics and the World Bank “There are few in India who can match the expertise of Professor Jandhyala B G Tilak in the field of research in Higher Education especially the economics aspects of education at all levels. As Vice Chancellor, National University of Educational Planning and Administration (NUEPA), his contributions to the promotion of higher education research are of historic significance. In the emerging decades, India will compete effectively with higher education in U.K. and U.S.A, largely because of valuable services of Prof. Tilak and a few others. This book surveys the literature of world-renowned writers Robert Solow, Fritz Machlup, Theodoe W Schultz and others with his interpretations of their theories applicable to Indian highe.r engineering education. This book is a valuable addition to the study of higher education in India and aboard.” - Vedagiri Shanmugasundaram, Founder Vice Chancellor, Monomaniam Sundaranar University; Former Director, Reserve Bank of India and IDBI; Senior Visiting Member, Linacre College, University of Oxford “Two great sectors are at the heart of higher education’s many practical contributions to society through learning and research – engineering and health. In Economics of Engineering Education, Professor Tilak takes us inside engineering education and illuminates the role it plays in development. Get engineering education right, he shows us, and the nation is on track. The solid data and considered judgments in this book are making a crucial contribution to policy, the profession and the next generation that will build India.” - Simon Marginson, Professor of Higher Education, University of Oxford; Director ESRC/RE Centre for Global Higher Education “ I find this book very useful for evidence- based decisions and informed public policy regarding engineering education. The book illustrates emergence of private education and its impact on equitable access, equity, quality, affordability and related issues currently faced in India. The systematic approach and methodology adopted in the study and credible data may help in framing right policies. Prof. Tilak’s book will be useful to recalibrate the current approach to engineering education and offer policy pointers to regain the glory.” - Bhushan Patwardhan, Chairman, National Assessment and Accreditation Council; Former Vice Chairman, University Grants Commission; Distinguished Professor, Interdisciplinary School of Health Sciences, Savitribai Phule Pune University “Professor J.B.G. Tilak is one of India’s best-known social science scholars and an international authority on the Economics of Higher Education. His most recent book is a timely contribution to academic and policy knowledge of engineering education in India. Engineering, with its many variants, civil, mechanical, electrical, and production is a key profession in any economy. As Tilak shows, engineering education in India has undergone a sea change over the past three decades. The implications of this need to be understood by both private and public institutions and, of course, students. This is the purpose of this excellent study.” - W. John Morgan, Leverhulme Emeritus Fellow, Wales Institute of Social and Economic Research, Data, and Methods (WISERD), Cardiff University “This commendable book presents a critical analysis of some of the major challenges in engineering education using valuable primary and secondary data. These challenges include: overzealous expansion and the resultant supply-demand mismatches which are reflected in high rates of unemployment, inequities in education by gender, caste/religion, and region, poor quality of education as revealed in lower employability of graduates besides, limited public financing and issues relating to affordability. "This rigorous research study systematically analyses some of these critical issues in engineering education in India with a futuristic perspective. I have no doubt that it will attract the attention of academia as well as administrators and policy makers. Given the paucity of systematically conducted research studies in this field, this study undoubtedly makes an invaluable reading on the subject of a great contemporary relevance.” - Narendra Jadhav, Former Vice Chancellor, Savitribai Phule (Pune) University; Former Member, Planning Commission, Former Member of Indian Parliament, Rajya Sabha. “Economics of Engineering Education in India is an insightful new book by Jandhyala B G Tilak describing and analyzing in depth the remarkable growth, issues related to sources of funding, quality, employment of graduates, and policies for public and private engineering education in India. Professor Tilak is a well-known and respected scholar who recognizes the significance of highly skilled human capital in engineering fields to sustained per capita economic growth. This and more universal basic education are desperately needed for broader development in India. As this occurs, this book, which is likely to become the go-to source, can help make the provision of good quality engineering education’s vital role more economically efficient.” - Walter W. McMahon, Professor of Economics, and of Education, University of Illinois “This is an impressive single-authored book on a timely topic painstakingly researched by an eminent scholar, authoritatively articulating ideas in the discourses on the emergence and quest for future direction of higher education for development with deliberate expansion of the STEM fields in which Engineering plays an important role. By engaging theories and ideas about human capital development thorough empirical inquiry based on secondary and primary data, the author strengthens the merit of the book. Furthermore, by using a methodological approach beyond univariate account to engage in multivariate analysis that provides a rich and multidimensional analysis, the book informs the reader of the complexity of the interactions between the explanatory factors in the educational sector and entrenched socially significant determinants such as gender, caste, and region/state, as well as the dynamics of the public and private sectors of higher education and its financing. In addition to researchers and policymakers in the public and private sectors, this book will be an invaluable source to other education stakeholders including students, international agencies, and NGOs in their respective efforts to understand and effectively tackle the development of inclusive human resources.” - N’Dri Assié-Lumumba, Professor, Cornell University; President, World Council of Comparative Education Societies Table of Contents1. Introduction and Context 2. Engineering Education in India: Challenges of Growth and Inequalities 3. Emergent Challenges of Engineering Education in India: Quality, Finances and Employment 4. Who Goes to Private Engineering Colleges and Why? 5. Students’ Choice of ‘Modern’ versus ‘Traditional’ Streams of Engineering Education 6. Family Expenditure on Engineering Education and Its Determinants 7. Funding of Engineering Education: Scholarships, Other Financial Assistance and Education Loans 8. Students’ Perceptions on Quality of Engineering Education 9. Employability, Employment and Earnings of Engineering Graduates 10. Summary, Conclusions and Policy Challenges

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Book SynopsisOriginally published in 1959, this book contains in straightforward language a general account of the major variables significant for the analysis of economic development. It stresses above all the quantitative aspects of the economic growth of nations, and establishes a series of propositions on growth patterns based on empirical data from the USA & Canada, Europe, Latin America, South Africa and Australasia. In arriving at his conclusions, the author makes use of national income and its components in emerging and developed economies. Table of Contents1. The Meaning and Measurement of Economic Growth 2. The Necessary Condition 3. Findings on Industrial Structure of Labor Force and National Product 4. Capital Formation Proportions – A Cross-Section View 5. The Problem of Size 6. The Tasks of Theory

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Book SynopsisThe majority of empirical research in economics ignores the potential benefits of nonparametric methods, while the majority of advances in nonparametric theory ignore the problems faced in applied econometrics. This book helps bridge this gap between applied economists and theoretical nonparametric econometricians. It discusses in depth, and in terms that someone with only one year of graduate econometrics can understand, basic to advanced nonparametric methods. The analysis starts with density estimation and motivates the procedures through methods that should be familiar to the reader. It then moves on to kernel regression, estimation with discrete data, and advanced methods such as estimation with panel data and instrumental variables models. The book pays close attention to the issues that arise with programming, computing speed, and application. In each chapter, the methods discussed are applied to actual data, paying attention to presentation of results and potential pitfalls.Trade Review'A clear and thorough treatment of nonparametric and semiparametric econometrics. The text will be valuable to empirical researchers, who can expand their methodological toolkits without resorting to difficult journal articles. Even advanced topics, such as nonparametric instrumental variables and nonparametric models with panel data, are treated at an accessible level.' Jeffrey M. Wooldridge, Michigan State University'Taking theory to data is difficult for most students, but this book provides substantial help by providing cogent explanations of practical considerations, including how well methods that work 'in theory' might be expected to work with real data in the quantities that researchers might have available.' Paul W. Wilson, Clemson University'Daniel Henderson and Chris Parmeter have provided a modern survey of nonparametric econometrics. Newcomers will enjoy their applications-oriented introduction to this growing field. Theorists will find a compact survey of the most important foundations. Researchers of all sorts will want to add this valuable resource to their libraries.' William Greene, Stern School of Business, New York University'This well-written textbook represents a rigorous yet accessible introduction to nonparametric methods, one that makes clear the importance of these techniques for empirical research. Henderson and Parmeter have performed a valuable service for students throughout the social sciences.' Steven N. Durlauf, University of Wisconsin'Nonparametric econometric methods have by now become quite common in applied research, yet, as in almost all areas of research, theory precedes practice. The current hands-on approach of the book comes to fill the gap and offer the applied researcher a manual of how to properly use these methods without compromising rigor. It will complement other more theoretical books on the subject and as such it will prove very useful to many practitioners and students alike.' Thanasis Stengos, University of Guelph'The authors advertise right at the beginning that this book was written to help bridge the gap between applied economists and theoretical nonparametric econometricians. Having worked on both sides I can say that this book keeps this promise in almost all aspects: the way it is written, the selection of topics, and the selection of methods.' Stefan Sperlich, Université de Genève'The aim of this book is to teach nonparametric methods to applied economists. The book does an excellent job of achieving this objective. The mix of rigor and intuition is perfect, and the availability of software to go with the book makes it easy to implement the techniques being taught.' Peter Schmidt, Michigan State UniversityTable of Contents1. Introduction; 2. Univariate density estimation; 3. Multivariate density estimation; 4. Inference about the density; 5. Regression; 6. Testing in regression; 7. Smoothing discrete variables; 8. Regression with discrete covariates; 9. Semiparametric methods; 10. Instrumental variables; 11. Panel data; 12. Constrained estimation and inference; Bibliography; Index.

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Book SynopsisPresents a story of two Chinas an entrepreneurial rural China and a state-controlled urban China. In the 1980s, rural China gained the upper hand. In the 1990s, urban China triumphed. In the 1990s, the Chinese state reversed many of its rural experiments, with long-lasting damage to the economy and society.Trade Review'The development of the Chinese private sector is a key to the future shape and performance of the Chinese economy. At present, the subject is widely misunderstood. This book does more than any other to clarify the issues and point the way forward.' Christopher Howe, School of East Asian Studies, University of Sheffield'… important book … If one wants to understand the policy origins of China's growing divide between rich and poor, urban and rural, one need look no further than this book.' William Kirby, Harvard University'Sure to generate a lively debate, Professor Huang's study provides a provocative and well-researched challenge to much current thinking on China's economic development.' Susan Rose-Ackerman, Yale Law School'… Capitalism with Chinese Characteristics is both immensely informative and enormously provocative.' Charles Wolf, Jr, Pardee RAND Graduate School'… the scale of the research is impressive, and goes beyond most western commentators other than those with high-level Chinese language skills and access to the primary sources. … the book is overall an important reminder that the story of China's growth rewards detailed research and is not simply the tale of a gradual deepening of market-led economic reform. … Huang's tale of the first two decades of China's economic reform is indeed worth bearing in mind when watching the latest developments.' The Business Economist'… profoundly informative book …' The Spokesman'This is among the most important books to appear on contemporary China this decade. Motivated by a socially conscious economic liberalism and guided by a firmly positivist epistemology, Yasheng Huang challenges - and defeats - some of the most sacred myths surrounding the Chinese political economy as reinforced by scholars and widely accepted by the general public. The book is essential reading for any political scientist specializing in China, international relations, comparative economic development, or comparative political change.' Perspectives on Politics'[Marshals] an impressive array of survey and documentary evidence … a must-read for China specialists.' The Journal of Asian StudiesTable of Contents1. Just how capitalist is China?; 2. The entrepreneurial decade; 3. A great reversal; 4. What is wrong with Shanghai?; 5. Capitalism with Chinese characteristics.

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Book SynopsisThe majority of empirical research in economics ignores the potential benefits of nonparametric methods, while the majority of advances in nonparametric theory ignore the problems faced in applied econometrics. This book helps bridge this gap between applied economists and theoretical nonparametric econometricians, discussing basic to advanced nonparametric methods with applications.Trade Review'A clear and thorough treatment of nonparametric and semiparametric econometrics. The text will be valuable to empirical researchers, who can expand their methodological toolkits without resorting to difficult journal articles. Even advanced topics, such as nonparametric instrumental variables and nonparametric models with panel data, are treated at an accessible level.' Jeffrey M. Wooldridge, Michigan State University'Taking theory to data is difficult for most students, but this book provides substantial help by providing cogent explanations of practical considerations, including how well methods that work 'in theory' might be expected to work with real data in the quantities that researchers might have available.' Paul W. Wilson, Clemson University'Daniel Henderson and Chris Parmeter have provided a modern survey of nonparametric econometrics. Newcomers will enjoy their applications-oriented introduction to this growing field. Theorists will find a compact survey of the most important foundations. Researchers of all sorts will want to add this valuable resource to their libraries.' William Greene, Stern School of Business, New York University'This well-written textbook represents a rigorous yet accessible introduction to nonparametric methods, one that makes clear the importance of these techniques for empirical research. Henderson and Parmeter have performed a valuable service for students throughout the social sciences.' Steven N. Durlauf, University of Wisconsin'Nonparametric econometric methods have by now become quite common in applied research, yet, as in almost all areas of research, theory precedes practice. The current hands-on approach of the book comes to fill the gap and offer the applied researcher a manual of how to properly use these methods without compromising rigor. It will complement other more theoretical books on the subject and as such it will prove very useful to many practitioners and students alike.' Thanasis Stengos, University of Guelph'The authors advertise right at the beginning that this book was written to help bridge the gap between applied economists and theoretical nonparametric econometricians. Having worked on both sides I can say that this book keeps this promise in almost all aspects: the way it is written, the selection of topics, and the selection of methods.' Stefan Sperlich, Université de Genève'The aim of this book is to teach nonparametric methods to applied economists. The book does an excellent job of achieving this objective. The mix of rigor and intuition is perfect, and the availability of software to go with the book makes it easy to implement the techniques being taught.' Peter Schmidt, Michigan State UniversityTable of Contents1. Introduction; 2. Univariate density estimation; 3. Multivariate density estimation; 4. Inference about the density; 5. Regression; 6. Testing in regression; 7. Smoothing discrete variables; 8. Regression with discrete covariates; 9. Semiparametric methods; 10. Instrumental variables; 11. Panel data; 12. Constrained estimation and inference; Bibliography; Index.

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Book SynopsisOf Limits and Growth offers new perspectives on environmentalism, post-1945 international history, and the origins of sustainability.Trade Review'This illuminating book shows the decisive role NGOs played in affixing 'sustainable' to 'development'. But sustainability's popularity can be a function of how it smoothes over or obscures real differences among various constituencies regarding the ends and means of development … the book offers a revealing story about the power of NGOs to influence world affairs even as it demonstrates their limits.' David Ekbladh, Tufts University, Massachusetts'This book provides the best history in print on international environmental NGOs and their influence on policy. Macekura explains the emergence of these NGOs after the Second World War, he shows how they helped to define 'sustainable development', and he analyzes how they reshaped international affairs. Macekura also elucidates the limits of these organizations, especially when confronting resistance from the United States and other powerful states. This is a foundational book for anyone interested in international development, environmentalism, and contemporary foreign policy.' Jeremi Suri, University of Texas, Austin'Of Limits and Growth is a compelling addition to the literature on the rise of the global environmental movement and its struggle with the pressures for Third World development that followed decolonization in Africa and Asia. Macekura integrates the many dimensions of the subject more lucidly than [in] any previous work. His book will be well received by international studies scholars and environmental historians, as well as the development aid community.' Richard Tucker, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor'This excellent contribution to contemporary political history skilfully documents the role of NGOs in pressing governments to pay more attention to the ecological and environmental consequences of their policies and to push for sustainable development.' Richard N. Cooper, Foreign Affairs'This volume examines the role played by environmental NGOs in shaping the development approaches of the United States, the World Bank and the United Nations from the 1960s through to the 1990s, and in giving rise to the concept of 'sustainable development'.' Survival: Global Politics and Strategy'Stephen J. Macekura's Of Limits and Growth provides a dispassionate and thorough yet concise account of the emergence of 'sustainable development' as a unifying mantra for environmentalists and those interested in economic development … The book is essential reading for those interested in the history of sustainable development and how it has impacted international relations.' Carrie A. Meyer, The Journal of American History'A growing number of young scholars are writing the history of environmental diplomacy, and Of Limits and Growth is an important model for that new cohort to follow.' Kurk Dorsey, H-Diplo'Macekura offers a compact, intelligent, and well-written account that shows effectively how sustainable development - a term vaguely enough defined to occasion further debates - emerged in the 1970s. It is well attuned to the scholarly as well as the political implications of the topic, and adds in important ways to our understanding of development agendas in the 1970s and beyond - a topic that had been too often neglected in early generations of scholarship. With Of Limits and Growth, Macekura establishes himself as an important member of a new generation of scholars examining north-south dynamics in the Cold War world.' David C. Engerman, H-Diplo'Of Limits and Growth is a watershed work in taking environmental politics and international relations together. Macekura's research is outstanding, and the book's utility speaks to diligent scholarship and hard-won ideas. In 300 pages, he has introduced the characters, institutions, and ideas that have shaped international environmental governance in the postwar period, and he has created a framework for understanding how that shaping took place. As historians begin to dig more deeply into the overlaps between environmental politics and American foreign relations in the post-war period, this book will become a touchstone of that new endeavor.' Joshua Howe, H-Diplo'… Macekura shows that the environmentalists played a critical role in fashioning the current consensus that environmental protection is compatible with continued material abundance. Above all, his book is essential reading for anyone seeking to understand the current impasse over a meaningful global climate change agreement.' Simon Toner, H-DiploTable of ContentsIntroduction: on the origins of 'sustainable development'; 1. The rise of international conservation and post-war development; 2. Parks and poverty in Africa: conservation, decolonization, and development; 3. 'The world's most dangerous political issue': the 1972 Stockholm conference and the politics of environmental protection; 4. When small seemed beautiful: NGOs, appropriate technology, and international development in the 1970s; 5. Leveraging the lenders: the quest for environmental impact statements in the United States and the World Bank; 6. Conservation for development: the World Conservation Strategy and the rise of sustainable development planning; 7. The persistence of old problems: the politics of environment and development at the Rio Earth Summit; Conclusion: the limits and growth of NGOs.

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Book SynopsisSince its initiation of the financial sector reforms through a newly established global cooperation process in the post-2008 financial and economic crises, the G20 expanded its agenda to include development pillars as the global economy began to recover in 2010. It actively extended its attention to the recycling of surplus country savings for investment in infrastructure in deficit countries, to the achievement of global food and energy security, to addressing the growing financialisation of commodities and its impact on price volatility, and to the costs and benefits as well as the intent and impact of continuing energy subsidies. It began to focus on recent global initiatives on climate change and adaptation financing with global equity and economic efficiency in mind. This volume addresses such issues in the G20''s development agenda and assesses their relative successes and failures, with a particular focus on how the issues are of relevance to India.Trade Review'This edited book provides a detailed description of India's perspective of the G20 development agenda. Laying out the purpose and evolution of the agenda in the context of the 2008–9 global financial crisis … the book urges the extension of the G20 agenda in the post-2010 period to more efficiently address concerns of developing members … such as India. In this vein, chapters of the book offer 'India's perspectives' on issues of the G20 development agenda … that are significant to India. The chapters address these issues well, discuss the successes and failures of the G20 agenda to address these issues in a more global manner, and argue for expanding the G20 development agenda to include the perspectives of developing countries and make the G20 a 'gateway' to gain credibility in the global governance area. The book, with its issue-specific information and supporting tables and figures, represents an impressive 'Indian perspective' in assessing the G20 agenda.' R. Das, ChoiceTable of ContentsList of tables and figures; Preface; Part I. Introduction: 1. Group of 20 Parthasarathi Shome and Francis Rathinam; Part II. The Development Agenda: 2. Commodity market policy for food security – the road ahead for G20 Rajesh Chakrabarti, Francis Xavier Rathinam and Vijay Kumar Varadi; 3. Recycling global surpluses for infrastructure investment in emerging market economies Renu Kohli; 4. G20: impact of the crisis with special reference to India and international burden sharing D. K. Srivastava; 5. India's growth prospect: structural impediments Kirit S. Parikh; Part III. Energy Security and Environmental Sustainability: 6. The co-benefit principle and the Durban platform: towards an inclusive framework for negotiating climate finance A. Damodaran; 7. Greening the G20 agenda: a way forward Parthasarathi Shome and Amrita Goldar; 8. Revisiting fossil-fuel subsidies in the context of ongoing G20 dialogue Meeta Keswani Mehra and Divya Datt; 9. Should India join the international energy agency? Prodipto Ghosh; Contributors; Index.

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Book SynopsisDrawing on a wide range of oral and written sources, this book tells the story of Tanzania's socialist experiment: the ujamaa villagization initiative of 1967â75. Inaugurated shortly after independence, ujamaa ('familyhood' in Swahili) both invoked established socialist themes and departed from the existing global repertoire of development policy, seeking to reorganize the Tanzanian countryside into communal villages to achieve national development. Priya Lal investigates how Tanzanian leaders and rural people creatively envisioned ujamaa and documents how villagization unfolded on the ground, without affixing the project to a trajectory of inevitable failure. By forging an empirically rich and conceptually nuanced account of ujamaa, African Socialism in Postcolonial Tanzania restores a sense of possibility and process to the early years of African independence, refines prevailing theories of nation building and development, and expands our understanding of the 1960s and 70s world.Trade Review'An eloquent, engaging and immensely gratifying work. Priya Lal's nuanced analysis of the complexities and contradictions of the imaginaries, implementation and experiences of ujamaa not only challenges dominant readings of Tanzanian history (and African history more broadly), but provides a sophisticated model for how oral and archival history can be interwoven and why this kind of history matters.' Dorothy L. Hodgson, Rutgers University, New Jersey'This beautifully crafted, subtly argued study offers a penetrating reassessment of ujamaa, the villagization project that transformed property ownership, agricultural production, and urban life in postcolonial Tanzania. Highlighting local agency, it offers new insight into an endeavor that was emblematic of African socialism and the third way of the global south.' Elizabeth Schmidt, Loyola University, Maryland'This is a superb, richly textured book. Priya Lal not only offers a very nuanced and convincing historical interpretation of the probably most ambitious version of African Socialism, ujamaa in Tanzania. Her study also carefully contextualizes this case within the broader framework of transformations that took place in Africa and the world during the 1960s and 70s.' Andreas Eckert, Humboldt University BerlinTable of ContentsIntroduction; 1. A postcolonial project in the Cold War world; 2. Militants, mothers, and the national family; 3. Uneven development and the region; 4. Remembering villagization; Conclusion.

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Book SynopsisIn modern society, economic growth is considered to be the primary goal pursued through policymaking. But when and how did this perception become widely adopted among social scientists, politicians and the general public? Focusing on the OECD, one of the least understood international organisations, Schmelzer offers the first transnational study to chart the history of growth discourses. He reveals how the pursuit of GDP growth emerged as a societal goal and the ways in which the methods employed to measure, model and prescribe growth resulted in statistical standards, international policy frameworks and widely accepted norms. Setting his analysis within the context of capitalist development, post-war reconstruction, the Cold War, decolonization, and industrial crisis, The Hegemony of Growth sheds new light on the continuous reshaping of the growth paradigm up to the neoliberal age and adds historical depth to current debates on climate change, inequality and the limits to growth.Trade Review'In this well-researched intellectual and institutional history, Schmelzer brings to light the story of how Europe and America in the mid-twentieth century embraced the cult of Gross National Product (GNP), and the role of the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) in the process. By devising the system by which governments keep economic score, economists and bureaucrats revised the goals of economic policy to emphasize, almost to the point of worship, GNP growth. Schmelzer's book explains lucidly how economic policy acquired its topmost priority of the past seventy years.' J. R. McNeill, author of Something New Under the Sun: An Environmental History of the Twentieth-Century World'A magnificent accomplishment. Moving between deft analyses of the OECD and sweeping appraisals of global political economy, Matthias Schmelzer reveals the tumultuous history behind the seemingly timeless commitment to economic growth. Essential reading for scholars, The Hegemony of Growth is just as valuable for perplexed observers of the contemporary world. In the best tradition of historical research, Schmelzer rewrites the past, troubles the present, and opens up new ways of imagining the future.' Timothy Shenk, author of Maurice Dobb: Political Economist'This fresh and important work recovers the contested past of national accounts as a tool to study and manage the economy. The OEEC and the OECD is stage and actor in Schmelzer's sophisticated appreciation of historically contingent value, and limits, of the idea of growth.' Patricia Clavin, author of Securing the World Economy'Looking deeply into the question of whether the rich world can and should remain hellbent on growth is interesting and very useful. Agree or disagree, readers will find much here to spark their imaginations.' Bill McKibben, author of Deep Economy'Economic growth is our prime social objective. How this came to be is shown by means of a careful and critical scrutiny of the OECD since 1947, which also questions the concept of growth itself. You won't find it anywhere else, let alone done so well.' Avner Offer, author of The Challenge of Affluence'What are the origins of the idea of economic growth, and how and why did it come to be so hegemonic? Matthias Schmelzer's in-depth analysis of 'growthmanship' in the OECD is a must-read for anyone interested in these questions.' Giorgos Kallis, editor of Degrowth: A Vocabulary for a New Era'Schmelzer has written a first-rate, pioneering and highly differentiated historical study of the rise of one of the most powerful concepts of our times, the concept of economic growth, and the crucial role played by the OECD.' Hartmut Kaelble, author of A Social History of EuropeTable of ContentsIntroduction; Setting the stage: a historical introduction to the OECD; Part I. Paradigm in the Making: The Emergence of Economic Growth as the Key Economic Policy Norm (1948–59): 1. Measuring growth: the international standardization of national income accounting; 2. Propagating growth: from reconstruction and stability to 'selective expansion' and 'productivity'; 3. 'Expand or die': international economic mandarins and the transnational harmonization of growth policies; Part II. Paradigm at Work: A 'Temple of Growth for Industrialized Countries' in Action (1960–8): 4. Power, progress, and prosperity: growth as universal yardstick and the OECD's 1961 growth target in perspective; 5. Boosting growth: the Western 'growth conscience' and policies in the name of accelerated growth; 6. Replicating growth: the 'development of others' and the hegemony of donor countries; Part III. Paradigm in Discussion: The 'Problems of Modern Society', Environment, and Welfare (1969–74): 7. Quantity in question: challenging the hegemony of growth and the OECD-Club of Rome nexus; 8. Reclaiming growth: organizational dynamics and the 'dialectic' of qualitative growth; 9. Quantifying quality: managing the environmental costs of growth and the difficult quest for 'gross national well-being'; Epilogue: paradigm remade (1975–2011); Conclusion: provincializing growth.

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Book SynopsisInnovation is a systemic phenomenon in which institutions, such as firms, government entities and public policy incentives, interact in complex ways. Targeting specific sectors of an economy in order to improve the competitiveness and capabilities of domestic firms, interventionist innovation policies can result in the structural transformation of host economies. Numerous examples exist of such policies working successfully in emerging economies and they can be applied to any economic sector, although they are commonly associated with highly innovative industries such ICT, biotechnology and nanotechnology. Innovation Systems, Policy and Management describes how institutions and markets can best be structured in order to promote innovation in key economic sectors. Bringing together some of the leading figures in industrial policy and the economics of innovation and entrepreneurship, this book encourages the reader to think in terms of systems and business dynamics when analysing innovatTrade Review'This book brings together contributions from world leading evolutionary economists who take stock of current research on innovation and innovation policy. It gives useful insights for decision makers at the regional, sectoral and national level in developed as well as developing economies. It introduces general principles for how to organize innovation policy in a context of complex innovation systems at different levels of development. But it also illustrates that context and localized institutions matter. One important contribution is the distinction between policies that promote innovation along existing technological trajectories and policies that create new trajectories and transform innovation systems. This is especially important in a global context where there is little hope for balanced, equitable and sustainable world development from just speeding up innovation along well-known paths.' Bengt-Åke Lundvall, Aalborg University, Denmark'This is a very interesting collection of essays on technological change, its impact on the economy, and issues of public policy and private management.' Richard Nelson, Columbia University, New YorkTable of ContentsIntroduction Jorge Niosi; Part I. Innovation Policy and Innovation Systems: 1. Sectoral systems: taxonomies, evolution and modeling Franco Malerba; 2. Effectiveness of direct and indirect R&D support Pierre Mohnen; 3. From market fixing to market creating: a new framework for innovation policy Mariana Mazzucato; 4. Strategic alliances: identifying recent emerging sub-fields of research Fiorenza Belussi, Luigi Orsi and Andrea Ganzaroli; Part II. Innovation in Developing and Emerging Countries: 5. National systems of innovation in developing countries Jorge Niosi; 6. National financial systems, credit constraints, and enterprise innovation performance: an international comparison of developing nations Edward Lorenz and Sophie Pommet; 7. Going with the wind: the pro-cyclical dynamics of STI efforts in Mexico Gabriela Dutrénit, José Miguel Natera, Martin Puchet Anyul and Fernando Santiago; 8. Gaps in the relative efficiency of nacional innovation systems and growth performance across OCDE and BRICS countries Alenka Guzmán and Ignacio Llamas-Huitrón; 9. Currency undervaluation on growth and exports in natural resource vs. manufacturing exporting countries Sanika Sulochani Ramanayake and Keun Lee; Part III. Regional Innovation Systems and Policies: 10. Innovation policies and new regional growth paths Markus Grillitsch and Michaela Trippl; 11. Spinoffs and clustering Russell Golman and Steven Klepper; 12. Examining technological innovation systems of smart cities Masaru Yarime and Martin Karlsson; 13. Does invention agglomerate? Chris Forman, Avi Goldfarb and Shane Greenstein; Part IV. Innovation Management and its Links with Policy: 14. Knowledge-intensive entrepreneurship: going beyond the Schumpeterian entrepreneur Franco Malerba and Maureen McKelvey; 15. The Three great issues confronting Europe: the need for a new policy stance Jan Fagerberg, Staffan Laestadius and Ben R. Martin; Index.

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Book SynopsisLegendary economist Hyman Minsky identified author William H. Janeway as a ''theorist-practitioner'' of financial economics; this book is an expression of that double life. Interweaving his unique professional perspective with political and financial history, Janeway narrates the dynamics of the innovation economy from the standpoint of a seasoned practitioner of venture capital, operating on the frontier where innovative technology transforms the market economy. In this fully revised and updated edition, Janeway explains how state investment in national goals enables the innovation process and why financial bubbles accelerate and amplify its impact. Now, the digital revolution, sponsored by the state and funded by speculation, has matured to attack the authority, and even the legitimacy, of governments. The populist response in the west, especially in the United States, opens the door for China to seize leadership of the innovation economy from America.Trade Review'The world has never been more in need of the economic and political insights of William H. Janeway. I can think of few books that have taught me as much as this one. It will help you see the world around you more deeply - how we got here, where we want to go, and how to renew our faith in our institutions and our future. It is wise, insightful, and rich with economic history, the personal stories of a brilliant investor, and an essential call to action for business leaders, investors, and policy makers.' Tim O'Reilly, Founder and CEO O'Reilly Media and Partner, O'Reilly Alphatech'Doing Capitalism in the Innovation Economy is a brilliant (and also much-needed) breath of fresh air. William H. Janeway talks about capitalism as it really is: from his joint perspective as leading-venture-capitalist/leading-economic-theorist.' George Akerlof, Nobel Laureate in Economics, 2001'William H. Janeway's double hat of venture capitalist and economist brings a fresh perspective to bear on the political, economic and financial forces behind innovation. This second edition complements the first by tackling new and really important questions, such as the perception of slower productivity growth, the flood of passive investor capital in search of yield in a low-interest world, or the US disengagement of the state. From the analysis of bubbles as speculative funding through the importance of assured access to cash, Doing Capitalism in the Innovation Economy is key reading for all those interested in the future of innovation.' Jean Tirole, Nobel Laureate in Economics, 2014'Anyone who thinks that innovation is driven by the rational market driven processes of standard economic theory understands neither the history nor the practical reality of innovation. William H. Janeway understands them a lot and has thought deeply about the implications. The result is a superb book which not only debunks mainstream theory but explains the crucial roles which both governments and the private sector must play to drive the innovation which society needs.' Lord Adair Turner, Chair of the Institute for New Economic Thinking'This one-of-a-kind book bringing together insights about venture capital, macroeconomics and the future of technology is now more timely than ever. How to reconcile the dynamism of twenty-first-century technology with the disappointing sluggishness of economic growth and persistent stagnation of wages is one of the great intellectual challenges of our age. The explanation, William H. Janeway suggests, lies at the junction of technology and finance. There is no one better qualified than the author to help us navigate that dangerous intersection.' Barry Eichengreen, George C. Pardee and Helen N. Pardee Professor of Economics and Political Science, University of California, Berkeley'William H. Janeway nails it again. Yes: the innovation game has changed one more time, with different roles for The Three-Player Game that Janeway defined and so accurately portrayed in the first edition. Technological innovations primarily focused on hardware gave way to those focused software which, in turn, gave way to services, which is now giving way to data as the source of competitive advantage. Each of the changes requires a shift in how you play the innovation game. But this last shift will have dire consequences for those who don't fully understand just how fundamental it is. This book is a must read.' John Seely Brown, Former Chief Scientist, Xerox Corp and Director of Xerox Palo Alto Research Center, Advisor to the Provost, University of Southern California and Co-chairman, Deloitte Center for the Edge'Since its original publication, William H. Janeway's Doing Capitalism in the Innovation Economy has become a classic, helping to launch the digital revolution and explaining how venture capital has leveraged state investments and financial bubbles to change the world through technological innovation. In this new edition, he looks at the past to predict the future, explaining how the digital revolution has grown and taken on a life of its own - and letting us know, with clarity and insight, what comes next.' Eric Schmidt, Technical Advisor and Former Executive Chairman, Google and Alphabet Inc.'Neither Adam Smith's nor Henry Ford's picture of the economy is relevant for us today. What thumbnail picture is relevant? We do not know, but William H. Janeway thinks harder and more successfully about this question than anybody else I have seen.' J. Bradford DeLong, University of California, BerkeleyIt's fashionable to complain about the misallocated investments of the French, who lean towards buying real estate and government bonds, rather than funding entrepreneurs and start-ups. Politicians regularly announce they want to fix this, but … they ignore almost everything about how venture capital works … Doing Capitalism the Innovation Economy, by American economist Willian H. Janeway, could serve as their guide.' translated from Le Monde'A stunning display of insight and erudition and an important contribution to a long-standing debate about the part government plays in technological progress.' Kirkus Reviews“Doing Capitalism is a must-read for anyone interested in the dynamic interactions of market and politics as well as finance and innovation. It is a kaleidoscopic analysis, full of characters, business drama and theoretical observations. It's the testimony of a lifelong work as theorist-practitioner, crystallizing the lessons of a 40-year professional life … Even if you're not a financier, a technologist, or an academic economist, you'll be inspired by Doing Capitalism.' Laurène Tran, Medium (www.medium.com)Review of previous edition: 'Janeway, who built the technology investment team of Warburg Pincus, has a powerful message: an innovative economy 'begins with discovery and culminates in speculation'. Unfashionably, he insists that the state plays a central role in the innovative economy, as a source of funding for infrastructure and research and as a guarantor of stability when financial speculation ends in disaster, as it tends to do.' Martin Wolf, Financial Times, Best Books of 2012Review of previous edition: '… [an] original and thought-provoking book.' John Cassidy, The New YorkerReview of previous edition: 'A rewarding memoir about the learning, training and life experience required to achieve mastery in the venture economy.' Kirkus ReviewsReview of previous edition: 'This is one of the most intelligent, sensible and insightful books about Wall Street published since the financial implosion of 2008.' Robert Teitelman, SlateTable of ContentsIntroduction; Part I. Learning the Game: 1. Apprenticeship; 2. Discovering computers; 3. Investing in ignorance; Part II. Playing the Game: 4. The financial agent; 5. The road to BEA; 6. Apotheosis; Part III. Understanding the Game: The Role of Bubbles: 7. The banality of bubbles; 8. Explaining bubbles; 9. The necessity of bubbles; Part IV. Understanding the Game: The Role of the State: 10. Where is the state?; 11. 'The failure of market failure'; 12. Tolerating waste.

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Book SynopsisThis volume showcases the impact of the work of Douglass North, winner of the Nobel Prize and father of the field of new institutional economics. It speaks concisely about his legacy across multiple social sciences disciplines, specifically on scholarship pertaining to the understanding of property rights and economic growth.Table of Contents1. Introduction Itai Sened and Sebastian Galiani; 2. The contribution of Douglass North to new institutional economics Claude Ménard and Mary M. Shirley; 3. Persistence and change in institutions: the evolution of Douglass North John Joseph Wallis; 4. The new institutionalism Robert Bates; 5. 'The rules of the game': what rules? Which game? Kenneth A. Shepsle; 6. Institutions and sustainability of ecological systems Elinor Ostrom; 7. Land property rights Sebastian Galiani and Ernesto Schargrodsky; 8. Endogenous institutions: law as a coordinating device Gillian K. Hadfield and Barry R. Weingast; 9. Culture, institutions, and modern growth Joel Mokyr; 10. What really happened during the Glorious Revolution? Steven C. A. Pincus and James A. Robinson; 11. The grand experiment that wasn't? New institutional economics and the postcommunist experience Scott Gehlbach and Edmund J. Malesky; 12. Using economic experiments to measure informal institutions Pamela Jakiela; 13. Experimental evidence on the workings of democratic institutions Pedro Dal Bó.

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Book SynopsisForeword by President George W. BushWith contributions from world renowned economists and Nobel prizewinners, The 4% Solution is a blueprint for restoring America’s economic health   The United States is reaching a pivotal point in its economic history. Millions of Americans owe more on their homes than they are worth, long-term unemployment is alarmingly high, and the Congressional Budget Office is projecting a sustainable growth rate of only 2.3%—a full percentage point below the average for the past sixty years. Unless a turnaround comes quickly, the United States could be mired in debt for years to come and millions of Americans will be pushed to the sidelines of the economy.   The 4% Solution offers clear and unflinching ideas on how to revive America’s economy. It sets a positive economic goal and asks some of the top economic minds on how to achieve it. With a focus on removing

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Book SynopsisThis "power-capital institution" based on three millennia of Confucian ideology and decades of Maoist communism exercises monopolistic control of public resources at the expense of civil society and social justice for the majority of citizens.The Price of China's Economic Development urges policymakers to alter their analytic lens.

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Book SynopsisAm 11. Mai 2011 wäre Herbert Giersch 90 Jahre alt geworden. Er lehrte von 1955 bis 1969 an der Universität des Saarlandes und von 1969 bis zu seiner Emeritierung 1989 als Präsident des Instituts für Weltwirtschaft an der Universität Kiel. Zudem war Giersch Gründungsmitglied des Sachverständigenrats zur Begutachtung der gesamtwirtschaftlichen Entwicklung. Der vorliegende Band enthält die Beiträge einer Tagung, die zu seinen Ehren in Freiburg veranstaltet wurde. Die Autoren beleuchten Gierschs wissenschaftliches Werk aus unterschiedlichen Perspektiven, seine Vorstellung von wirtschaftspolitischer Beratung, seine Analysen zu Konjunkturpolitik und Globalsteuerung, zur Angebotspolitik, zu Wachstum und weltwirtschaftlicher Entwicklung, zu Monetarismus und Wechselkursen, zum Strukturwandel, zur Regionalökonomik und zur Ordnungspolitik. Die Beiträge fassen nicht nur Gierschs Einsichten zu diesen Themen zusammen, sondern zeigen auch ihre Relevanz für die heutige Wirtschaftspolitik im Zeichen der Finanz- und Schuldenkrise auf. Zu den Autoren gehören eine Reihe von namhaften Ökonomen, darunter Peter Bernholz, Jagdish Bhagwati, Johannes Bröcker, Juergen B. Donges, Gerhard Fels, Bertram Schefold, Gerhard Schwödiauer, Hans-Werner Sinn, Manfred Streit, Roland Vaubel und Carl-Christian von Weizsäcker.

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Book SynopsisWarum braucht nicht nur der Staat die Marktwirtschaft, sondern die Marktwirtschaft auch den Staat? Warum bewirken Gesetze häufig anderes, als der Gesetzgeber erwartet? Wie entsteht Wohlstand? Kaspar Villiger verdichtet seine Erfahrungen aus 46 Jahren Berufsleben als Unternehmer, Verwaltungsrat global tätiger Konzerne, Verteidigungs- und Finanzminister sowie Schweizer Bundespräsident in zwölf Thesen und sucht Antworten auf diese und andere Fragen. Er fragt, warum sich die Wirtschaft auch von ethischen Kriterien leiten lassen soll und wie der Föderalismus strukturiert sein muss, damit auch die Gliedstaaten Selbstverantwortung wahrnehmen. Und er analysiert, warum Demokratien Selbstbindungen brauchen, um nicht im Schuldensumpf zu versinken. Dabei untermauert Villiger seine erfahrungsbasierten Einsichten mit Erkenntnissen der modernen Ökonomik. Seine Überlegungen sind ein leidenschaftliches Plädoyer für eine freiheitliche Gesellschaftsordnung.

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Book SynopsisStehen die Europäische Union und die westliche Welt vor einer Zeitenwende? Ist die Vision einer "immer engeren Union der Völker Europas" noch überzeugend? Welche Antworten kann die Union auf die Pandemie, den Klimawandel, den Brexit, die sicherheitspolitischen und digitalen Herausforderungen oder den sich verschärfenden internationalen Wettbewerb finden und wie kann sie die Konflikte über den europäischen Rechtsstaat, die gemeinsamen Schulden und die Zukunft des Euro bewältigen? Welche Rolle kann und sollte die EU in einer sich verändernden Welt spielen? Welche Regeln und Werte sollten die europäische Politik leiten? Diesen Fragen widmen sich im vorliegenden Band 18 Autoren - Praktiker und Wissenschaftler - aus acht Ländern und fünf Fachdisziplinen.

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Book SynopsisThis book explores how technological progress accelerates the transformation of economic development by adopting a fundamental logical approach to technological progress, intensive inputs, and promotion of productive efficiency to transformation of economic development. It investigates the internal mechanisms and the choice of corresponding modes that initiate technological progress to accelerate the transformation of economic development at three basic research levels: micro-enterprise level, mid-industry level and macro-economy level. Based on the above research, the book summarizes four dimensions facilitating the transformation: agricultural intensification, new industrialization, modernization of the service industry and the advanced manufacturing industry, and linkage of the modern service industry. This book is especially valuable in its hierarchical categorization covering theoretical, empirical, industrial and strategic exploration. On one hand, it analyzes the mechanisms and approaches influencing the transformation of economic development driven by technological progress from both theoretical and empirical perspectives. On the other hand, based on the introduction of advanced international experiences, it probes into the guarantee basis for the strategic implementation and the corresponding mode choices of the transformations. Furthermore, it offers specific policy proposals from both the macro level of how technological progress promotes the transformation of economic development and the micro level covering the agricultural, industrial and service industries.Table of ContentsChapter1 Literature Review of Technological Improvement and Transformation of Economic Development Model.- Chapter2 Theoretical Research: Endogenous Growth Model Embedded with Innovation Heterogeneity.- Chapter3 Mechanical Analysis: Technological Improvement and the Transformation of Industry Development.- Chapter4 An International Comparison: Technological Improvement and the Transformation of Economic Development Model.- Chapter5 Measurement and Analysis of China’s Technological Improvement Comprehensive Capability and its Evolvement.- Chapter6 An Empirical Study of Economic Development Mode Transformation Promoted by Technological Improvement.- Chapter7 Technological Improvement and Agricultural Development Mode Transformation: Agricultural Intensification.- Chapter8 Technological Improvement and Industrial Development Mode Transfor mations: New Industrialization.- Chapter9Technological Improvement and Service Development Mode Transformation: Modernized Service Industry.- Chapter10 A Linkage between Advanced Manufacturing Industry and Modern Service Industry Promoted by Technological Improvement.- Chapter11 Basic Guarantee Foundation for the Implementation of China’s Technological Advance Strategies.- Chapter12 Mode Selections for the Transformation of Economic Development Mode Promoted by Technological Improvement.- Chapter13 Policy Proposals for Economic Development Mode Transformation Promoted by Technological Improvement.

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