Earth sciences Books

Table of ContentsForeword by Kaare Høeg xiii Foreword by Jinsheng Jia xiv Preface xvi Acknowledgements xviii About the Authors xix PART I DAM AND DIKE FAILURE DATABASES 1 1 Dams and Their Components 3 1.1 Classification of Dams 3 1.2 Constructed Embankment Dams 4 1.3 Landslide Dams 7 1.4 Concrete Gravity Dams 7 1.5 Concrete Arch Dams 8 1.6 Dikes 10 2 Statistical Analysis of Failures of Constructed Embankment Dams 11 2.1 Database of Failures of Constructed Embankment Dams 11 2.2 Failure Modes and Processes 11 2.2.1 Overtopping 16 2.2.2 Internal Erosion 17 2.3 Common Causes of Embankment Dam Failures 19 2.4 Failure of Different Types of Embankment Dams 21 2.4.1 Analysis of Homogeneous and Composite Earthfill Dams 23 2.4.2 Analysis of Earthfill Dams with Corewalls 23 3 Statistical Analysis of Failures of Landslide Dams 25 3.1 Database of Failures of Landslide Dams 25 3.1.1 Locations of Landslide Dams 25 3.1.2 Formation Times of Landslide Dams 26 3.1.3 Triggers of Landslide Dams 26 3.1.4 Types of Landslide 26 3.1.5 Dam Heights and Lake Volumes 32 3.2 Stability, Longevity, and Failure Modes of Landslide Dams 33 3.2.1 Stability of Landslide Dams 33 3.2.2 Longevity of Landslide Dams 35 3.2.3 Failure Modes 36 3.3 Mitigation Measures for Landslide Dams 37 3.3.1 Stages of Landslide Dam Risk Mitigation 38 3.3.2 Engineering Mitigation Measures for Landslide Dams 39 3.3.3 Engineering Measures for the Landslide Dams Induced by the Wenchuan Earthquake 41 3.3.4 Mitigation Measures for the Tangjiashan Landslide Dam 51 4 Statistical Analysis of Failures of Concrete Dams 53 4.1 Database of Failures of Concrete Dams 53 4.2 Failure Modes and Processes 53 4.3 Common Causes of Concrete Dam Failures 55 5 Statistical Analysis of Failures of Dikes 57 5.1 Introduction 57 5.2 Database of Dike Breaching Cases 57 5.3 Evaluation of Dike Failure Mechanisms 59 5.3.1 Most Relevant Failure Mechanisms 59 5.3.2 Statistics of Observed Failure Mechanisms 62 PART II DAM FAILURE MECHANISMS AND BREACHING PROCESS MODELING 67 6 Internal Erosion in Dams and Their Foundations 69 6.1 Concepts of Internal Erosion 69 6.2 Mechanisms of Initiation of Internal Erosion 72 6.2.1 Concentrated Leak Erosion 72 6.2.2 Backward Erosion 73 6.2.3 Contact Erosion 73 6.2.4 Suffusion 74 6.3 Initiation of Concentrated Leak Erosion Through Cracks 74 6.3.1 Causes of Concentrated Leak 75 6.3.2 Need for Studying Soil Erodibility for Concentrated Leak Erosion 80 6.3.3 Laboratory Tests on Concentrated Leak Erosion 81 6.3.4 Factors Affecting Concentrated Leak Erosion 83 6.3.5 Soil Dispersivity 84 6.4 Initiation of Backward Erosion 87 6.4.1 Susceptibility of a Dam or Dike to Backward Erosion 87 6.4.2 Methods for Assessing Backward Erosion 89 6.4.3 Formation of a Pipe due to Backward Erosion 92 6.5 Initiation of Contact Erosion 93 6.5.1 Fundamental Aspects of Contact Erosion Process 94 6.5.2 Laboratory Investigation on Contact Erosion 96 6.5.3 Threshold of Contact Erosion 100 6.6 Initiation of Suffusion 102 6.6.1 Control Parameters for Likelihood of Suffusion 102 6.6.2 Laboratory Testing of Suffusion 103 6.6.3 Geometrical Criteria for Internal Stability of Soils 108 6.6.4 Critical Hydraulic Gradients for Suffusion 115 6.7 Filter Criteria 120 6.7.1 Functions of Filter 120 6.7.2 Filter Criteria 121 6.8 Continuation of Internal Erosion 124 6.9 Progression of Internal Erosion 125 6.10 Suggested Topics for Further Research 126 7 Mechanics of Overtopping Erosion of Dams 127 7.1 Mechanics of Surface Erosion 127 7.1.1 Incipient Motion of Sediment 128 7.1.2 Sediment Transport 133 7.2 Determination of Erodibility of Soils 144 7.2.1 Critical Erosive Shear Stress 144 7.2.2 Coefficient of Erodibility 145 7.2.3 Laboratory Tests 147 7.2.4 Field Tests 151 7.2.5 Classification of Soil Erodibility 155 7.3 Characteristics of Overtopping Erosion Failure of Dams 157 7.3.1 Homogeneous Embankment Dams with Cohesionless Materials 157 7.3.2 Homogeneous Embankment Dams with Cohesive Materials 158 7.3.3 Composite Embankment Dams 159 7.4 Suggested Topics for Further Research 159 8 Dam Breach Modeling 161 8.1 Methods for Dam Breach Modeling 161 8.2 Dam Breaching Data 163 8.2.1 Embankment Dam Breaching Data 163 8.2.2 Landslide Dam Breaching Data 165 8.2.3 Dike Breaching Data 165 8.3 Empirical Analysis Methods 166 8.3.1 Multivariable Regression 166 8.3.2 Empirical Breaching Parameters for Constructed Embankment Dams 169 8.3.3 Empirical Breaching Parameters for Landslide Dams 179 8.3.4 Empirical Breaching Parameters for Dikes 187 8.3.5 Comparison of Breaching Parameters for Landslide Dams and Constructed Embankment Dams 189 8.4 Numerical Simulation of Overtopping Erosion 192 8.4.1 Simplified Physically Based Methods 197 8.4.2 Detailed Physically Based Methods 206 8.4.3 Case Studies 211 8.5 Numerical Simulation of Internal Erosion 215 8.5.1 Continuum Methods 215 8.5.2 Particle Level Analysis 218 8.5.3 Case Studies 218 9 Analysis of Dam Breaching Flood Routing 222 9.1 River Hydraulics 222 9.1.1 One-dimensional Models 223 9.1.2 Two-dimensional Models 223 9.2 Numerical Models for Flood Routing Analysis 224 9.2.1 One-dimensional Numerical Models 224 9.2.2 Two-dimensional Numerical Models 227 9.2.3 Coupling of 1D/2D Numerical Models 229 9.3 Example – Tangjiashan Landslide Dam Failure 229 9.3.1 Geometric Information 229 9.3.2 Dam Breaching Simulation 232 9.3.3 Boundary and Initial Conditions 232 9.3.4 Flood Routing Analysis and Results 232 PART III DAM FAILURE RISK ASSESSMENT AND MANAGEMENT 241 10 Analysis of Probability of Failure of Dams 243 10.1 Introduction 243 10.2 Analysis Methods 243 10.2.1 Failure Modes and Effects Analysis 243 10.2.2 Event Tree 244 10.2.3 Fault Tree 246 10.2.4 First-order Reliability Method/First-order Second-moment Method 247 10.2.5 Monte Carlo Simulation 250 10.2.6 Bayesian Networks 250 10.3 Examples of Probabilistic Analysis of Dam Failure 253 10.3.1 Probabilistic Analysis of Chinese Dam Distresses 253 10.3.2 Probabilistic Analysis of the Chenbihe Dam Distresses Using Bayesian Networks 264 11 Vulnerability to Dam Breaching Floods 273 11.1 Concepts of Vulnerability 273 11.2 Human Vulnerability to Dam Breaching Floods 273 11.2.1 Human Stability in Flood 274 11.2.2 Influence Factors 277 11.2.3 Methods for Evaluating Human Vulnerability Factor in a Flood 278 11.2.4 Database of Fatalities in Dam/Dike Breaching or Other Floods 283 11.3 Bayesian Network Analysis of Human Vulnerability to Floods 284 11.3.1 Bayesian Networks 284 11.3.2 Building the Bayesian Network for Human Vulnerability 285 11.3.3 Quantifying the Networks 291 11.3.4 Validation of the Model 297 11.4 Damage to Buildings and Infrastructures 300 11.4.1 Flood Action on Buildings 300 11.4.2 Models for Building Damage Evaluation 303 11.4.3 Relationship between Building Damage and Loss of Life 305 11.5 Suggested Topics for Further Research 306 12 Dam Failure Risk Assessment 307 12.1 Risk and Risk Assessment 307 12.1.1 Definition of Risk 307 12.1.2 Risk Management 308 12.2 Dam Failure Risk Analysis 311 12.2.1 Scope Definition 311 12.2.2 Hazards Identification 311 12.2.3 Identification of Failure Modes 312 12.2.4 Estimation of Failure Probability 312 12.2.5 Evaluation of Elements at Risk 313 12.2.6 Vulnerability Evaluation 314 12.2.7 Risk Estimation 314 12.3 Risk Assessment 315 12.3.1 Risk Tolerance Criteria 315 12.3.2 ALARP Considerations 319 12.4 Suggested Topics for Further Research 321 13 Dam Failure Contingency Risk Management 322 13.1 Process of Contingency Risk Management 322 13.1.1 Observation and Prediction 323 13.1.2 Decision-making 323 13.1.3 Warning 324 13.1.4 Response 325 13.1.5 Evacuation 326 13.2 Decision-making Under Uncertainty 328 13.2.1 Decision Tree 329 13.2.2 Multi-phase Decision 330 13.2.3 Influence Diagrams 333 13.3 Dynamic Decision-Making 334 13.3.1 Dam Failure Emergency Management 336 13.3.2 Dynamic Decision-making Framework 339 13.3.3 Time Series Models for Estimating Dam Failure Probability 342 13.3.4 Evaluation of the Consequences of Dam Failures 348 13.3.5 Features of DYDEM 350 13.4 Suggested Topics for Further Research 351 14 Case Study: Risk-based Decision-making for the Tangjiashan Landslide Dam Failure 353 14.1 Timeline for Decision-making for the Tangjiashan Landslide Dam Failure 353 14.2 Prediction of Dam Break Probability with Time Series Analysis 355 14.2.1 Forecasting Inflow Rates 355 14.2.2 Forecasting Lake Volume 358 14.2.3 Prediction of Dam Failure Probability 359 14.3 Simulation of Dam Breaching and Flood Routing 361 14.3.1 Simulation of Dam Breaching and Flood Routing in Stage 1 362 14.3.2 Simulation of Dam Breaching and Flood Routing in Stage 2 363 14.3.3 Simulation of Dam Breaching and Flood Routing in Stage 3 365 14.4 Evaluation of Flood Consequences 365 14.4.1 Methodology 366 14.4.2 Calculated Dam Break Flood Consequences 367 14.5 Dynamic Decision-making 370 14.5.1 Methodology 370 14.5.2 Dynamic Decision-making in Three Stages 371 14.6 Discussions 374 14.6.1 Influence of the Value of Human Life 374 14.6.2 Influence of Failure Mode 374 14.6.3 Sensitivity of the Minimum Expected Total Consequence 375 PART IV APPENDIXES: DAM FAILURE DATABASES 377 Appendix A: Database of 1443 Cases of Failures of Constructed Dams 379 Appendix B: Database of 1044 Cases of Failures of Landslide Dams 419 References 452 Index 474

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Book SynopsisThis textbook provides an overview of the origin and preservation of carbonate sedimentary rocks. The focus is on limestones and dolostones and the sediments from which they are derived.Table of ContentsPreface xiii Acknowledgements xv ABOUT THE COMPANION WEBSITE xvii PART I: CARBONATE SEDIMENTOLOGY: AN OVERVIEW 1 1 CARBONATE ROCKS AND PLATFORMS 5 What are carbonate sedimentary rocks? 6 Why should we care about studying these rocks? 6 What is the scientific approach? 6 The carbonate continuum 7 How do carbonate sediments form? 9 Where are carbonates produced and where do they accumulate? 10 Tectonic settings and the nature of carbonate platforms 11 How do we study carbonate sediments and rocks? 14 Further reading 14 2 CARBONATE CHEMISTRY AND MINERALOGY 15 Introduction 16 Chemistry 16 Carbonate precipitation and dissolution in the ocean 19 Further reading 21 3 THE CARBONATE FACTORY 22 Introduction 23 Sediment production 23 Component modification 28 Karst and carbonate spring precipitates 36 Further reading 37 4 MARINE CARBONATE FACTORIES AND ROCK CLASSIFICATIONS 38 Introduction 39 Environmental controls 39 Benthic marine factories 46 Pelagic marine factories 47 Limestone classification schemes 48 Further reading 50 5 THE CARBONATE FACTORY: MICROBES AND ALGAE 51 Introduction 52 Microbes and carbonates 52 Microbialites 52 Modern stromatolites 54 Calcimicrobes 60 Calcareous algae 60 Further reading 66 6 THE CARBONATE FACTORY: SINGLE CELLS AND SHELLS 67 Introduction 68 Single]cell microfossils 68 Macrofossils 71 Further reading 78 7 THE CARBONATE FACTORY: ECHINODERMS AND COLONIAL INVERTEBRATES 79 Introduction 80 Echinoderms 80 Sponges 82 Bryozoans 85 Corals 89 Further reading 93 Part II: CARBONATE DEPOSITIONAL SYSTEMS: AN OVERVIEW 95 8 LACUSTRINE CARBONATES 99 Introduction 100 Modern lakes: Zonation and classification 100 Controls on lake sedimentation 101 Lake sedimentation 103 Lacustrine microbialites 107 Classification of ancient lake deposits 108 Further reading 108 9 CARBONATE SPRINGS 110 Introduction 111 Spring systems 111 Classification of springs 112 Tufa, travertine, or sinter? 113 Biota of spring systems 114 Carbonate precipitation in spring systems 114 Spring architecture 115 Calcareous spring carbonate facies 117 Further reading 122 10 WARM]WATER NERITIC CARBONATE DEPOSITIONAL SYSTEMS 123 Introduction 124 The carbonate factory 124 Depositional systems 125 Further reading 134 11 THE COOL]WATER NERITIC REALM 135 Introduction 136 The Carbonate Factory 136 Depositional settings 139 Warm]temperate carbonates 141 Cool]temperate carbonates 144 Cold]water, polar carbonate systems 144 The rock record 145 Further reading 148 12 MUDDY PERITIDAL CARBONATES 150 Introduction 151 Andros Island: The Bahamas 152 Shark Bay: Western Australia 155 The United Arab Emirates: Persian Gulf 156 Stratigraphy 158 The shallowing]upward peritidal cycle 158 How do numerous peritidal cycles form? 160 Temporal variations on the peritidal cycle theme 162 Further reading 163 13 NERITIC CARBONATE TIDAL SAND BODIES 165 Introduction 166 Tides and tidal currents 166 Tidal sand bodies 167 Bahamian platform ooid sand bodies 169 Types of Bahamian platform sand bodies 170 Some examples of Bahamian sand bodies 171 Inter]island tidal ooid sand bodies (tidal deltas) 173 Platform interior Bahamian ooid sand bodies 174 Carbonate ramp tidal ooid sand bodies 175 Carbonate sand bodies in straits and seaways 175 Carbonate sands in flooded incised valleys 176 Carbonate sands in hypersaline basins 177 The rock record of tidal ooid sands 177 Ancient sand body geometries 178 Further reading 178 14 MODERN REEFS 179 Introduction 180 The reef mosaic 180 The coral reef growth window 182 Shallow]water reefs 184 Deep]water reefs 189 Further reading 191 15 ANCIENT REEFS 192 Introduction 193 The ancient reef factory 193 Microbes, calcimicrobes, and calcareous algae 194 Internal cavities 195 Lithification 195 Boring and bioerosion 196 Reef stratigraphic nomenclature 196 The spectrum of ancient reefs 198 Reefs 198 Reef mounds 199 Reef geohistory 202 Reef rock classification 206 Further reading 211 16 CARBONATE SLOPES 212 Introduction 213 Depositional bathymetry 213 The deposits 213 Contourites 217 Slope types 219 Temporal and spatial variability 220 Further reading 222 17 DEEP]WATER PELAGIC CARBONATES 223 Introduction 224 Universal controls 224 Depositional controls 225 Universal attributes 226 Old pelagic sediments 226 Young pelagic sediments 228 The pelagic factory 228 Chalk 229 Associated sediments 233 Ocean anoxia 233 Further reading 233 18 PRECAMBRIAN CARBONATES 234 Introduction 235 Precambrian carbonate systems 235 The carbonate factory 235 Reefs 242 Further reading 246 19 CARBONATE SEQUENCE STRATIGRAPHY 247 Introduction 248 Carbonate sequence stratigraphy 249 Shallow]water reef sequence stratigraphy 250 Photozoan rimmed platforms 252 Evaporites and siliciclastics 255 Heterozoan unrimmed carbonate platforms 255 Ramps 257 Higher]order cycles (parasequences) 258 Depositional cycles 259 Further reading 259 20 THE TIME MACHINE 261 Introduction 262 Carbonates and plate tectonics 262 Paleoclimate and paleoceanography 265 Carbonates and the evolving biosphere 268 Ocean acidification 271 Further reading 271 Part III: CARBONATE DIAGENESIS: AN OVERVIEW 273 21 THE PROCESSES AND ENVIRONMENTS OF DIAGENESIS 277 Introduction to the processes 278 Carbonate dissolution 278 Carbonate precipitation 278 The environments 281 Synsedimentary marine diagenetic environment 282 Meteoric diagenetic environment 282 Burial diagenetic environment 284 Dolomite and dolostone 285 Further reading 285 22 ANALYTICAL METHODS 286 Introduction 287 Petrography 288 X]ray diffraction analysis 291 Scanning electron microscopy 292 Electron microprobe analysis 294 Chemical analyses 294 Further reading 296 23 THE CHEMISTRY OF CARBONATE DIAGENESIS 297 Introduction 298 Trace elements and element ratios 298 Stable isotopes 301 Oxygen isotopes 301 Carbon isotopes 303 Stable isotope values for modern biogenic carbonates 304 Carbonate stable isotope values through geologic time 305 Strontium isotopes 307 Further reading 309 24 LIMESTONE: THE SYNSEDIMENTARY MARINE DIAGENETIC ENVIRONMENT 311 Introduction 312 The setting 312 Dissolution 312 Precipitation 313 Alteration 315 Synsedimentary limestone 316 Spatial distribution of early lithification 319 Strandline diagenesis 320 The rock record 322 Isotopic composition of ancient marine cements 324 Further reading 325 25 METEORIC DIAGENESIS OF YOUNG LIMESTONES 326 Introduction 327 Processes 327 Cements and cementation 330 Diagenesis of calcite sediments 333 Importance of grain size 333 Diagenesis in different meteoric settings 335 Importance of climate 335 How long does it take? 335 The ultimate product 336 Geochemistry 337 Further reading 339 26 KARST AND WATER]CONTROLLED DIAGENESIS 341 Introduction 342 Surficial processes and products 342 Surface karst facies 342 Calcrete facies 346 Subsurface karst facies 348 Surface and subsurface carbonate geochemistry 355 Further reading 356 27 BURIAL DIAGENESIS OF LIMESTONE 357 Introduction 358 The setting 358 Controlling factors 358 Processes and products 359 Burial cementation 362 Burial diagenetic models 365 Paragenesis via cement stratigraphy 368 Further reading 369 28 DOLOMITE AND DOLOMITIZATION 370 Introduction 371 Scientific approach 371 Dolomite: the mineral 371 Dolostone: the rock 373 The limestone to dolostone transition 376 Early diagenetic alteration of dolomite 376 Dolomite geochemistry 380 Further reading 382 29 DOLOMITIZATION PROCESSES AND SYNSEDIMENTARY DOLOMITE 383 Introduction 384 What limits dolomite formation? 384 How to form extensive dolomite 385 The different types of dolomite and dolostone 386 Synsedimentary (authigenic) dolomite 386 Further reading 390 30 SUBSURFACE DOLOMITIZATION AND DOLOSTONE PARAGENESIS 392 Introduction 393 Shallow]burial early]diagenetic dolomites 393 Deep]burial late]diagenetic dolomites 396 Synthesis 399 Dolomite paragenesis 399 Further reading 402 31 DIAGENESIS AND GEOHISTORY 403 Introduction 404 Eogenetic diagenesis 404 Approach 406 Lowstand systems tract 406 Transgressive systems tract 408 Highstand systems tract 410 Post]eogenetic diagenesis 411 Further reading 413 32 CARBONATE POROSITY 414 Introduction 415 Porosity 415 Porosity measurement 415 Permeability 416 Types of porosity 416 Porosity classification 421 Porosity evolution through time 422 Porosity and dolomitization 423 The evolution of porosity 423 Integration 425 Further reading 426 GLOSSARY 427 INDEX 434

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Book SynopsisThe world is undergoing unprecedented changes in many of the factors that determine its fundamental properties and their in- ence on society. These changes include climate; the chemical c- position of the atmosphere; the demands of a growing human population for food and ?ber; and the mobility of organisms, ind- trial products, cultural perspectives, and information ?ows. The magnitude and widespread nature of these changes pose serious challenges in managing the ecosystem services on which society depends. Moreover, many of these changes are strongly in?uenced by human activities, so future patterns of change will continue to be in?uenced by society''s choices and governance. The purpose of this book is to provide a new framework for n- ural resource management-a framework based on stewardship of ecosystems for human well-being in a world dominated by unc- tainty and change. The goal of ecosystem stewardship is to respond to and shape change in social-ecological systems in order to s-Trade ReviewFrom the reviews: “Throughout the work, chapter contributors link recent advances in the theory of resilience, sustainability, and vulnerability with practical issues related to the management of social-ecological systems. … This book introduces an intriguing new approach to the philosophy of resource management emphasizing proactive policies that shape change for sustainability, in contrast to current reactions to observed changes. Summing Up: Recommended. Upper-division undergraduate through professional collections.” (R. L. Smith, Choice, Vol. 47 (3), November, 2009)Table of Contents1. A Framework for Understanding Change 2. MAnaging Ecosystems Sustainably 3.Human vulnerability, adaptation, and resilience 4. Dynamics of integrated social-ecological systems 5. Conservation and livelihoods: Sustaining and restoring the cultural connections to land 7. Landscape stewardship: Discovering the missing connections to sustain vulnerable systems. 8. Forest systems: Living with long-term change. 9.Drylands: Coping with uncertainty, thresholds, and changes in state 10. Lakes and rivers: Managing connections across temporal and spatial scales 11. Oceans and estuaries: Managing the commons 12. Food production systems: integrating technology sustainably 13. Urban and suburban landscapes: Manging the built environment 14. Planet Earth: Sustaining the life support systems of the planet 15. Strategies for managing uncertainty and change 16. Summary and Synthesis

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Book SynopsisIntroduction.- Sources of Geothermal Heat.- Thermodynamics Background and the Properties of Water.- The Equations Governing Heat and Single-Phase Fluid Flow and their Simplification for Particular Applications.- Geothermal Drilling and Well Design.- Well Measurements from Completion Tests to the First Discharge.- Phase Change Phenomena and Two-Phase Flow.- The Discharging Well.- The Transient Response of Formations to Flow in a Well Transient Pressure Well Testing.- The Economics of a Geothermal Electricity Generation Project.- The Power Station.- The Steamfield.- The Resource Development Plan.- Struggles Between Commercial Uses and Conservation Examples from New Zealand.- Appendix 1: Saturation Properties of Water from the Triple Point to the Critical Point.- Appendix 2: Compressibility of Water from 0-100C and 0-1000 Bar.- Appendix 3: The Boiling-Point-for-Depth Curve.Table of ContentsIntroduction.- Sources of Geothermal Heat.- Thermodynamics Background and the Properties of Water.- The Equations Governing Heat and Single-Phase Fluid Flow and their Simplification for Particular Applications.- Geothermal Drilling and Well Design.- Well Measurements from Completion Tests to the First Discharge.- Phase Change Phenomena and Two-Phase Flow.- The Discharging Well.- The Transient Response of Formations to Flow in a Well – Transient Pressure Well Testing.- The Economics of a Geothermal Electricity Generation Project.- The Power Station.- The Steamfield.- The Resource Development Plan.- Struggles Between Commercial Uses and Conservation – Examples from New Zealand.- Appendix 1: Saturation Properties of Water from the Triple Point to the Critical Point.- Appendix 2: Compressibility of Water from 0-100°C and 0-1000 Bar.- Appendix 3: The Boiling-Point-for-Depth Curve.

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Book SynopsisIn Rationality and Ritual, internationally renowned expert Brian Wynne offers a profound analysis of science and technology policymaking. By focusing on an episode of major importance in Britain's nuclear history – the Windscale Inquiry, a public hearing about the future of fuel reprocessing – he offers a powerful critique of such judicial procedures and the underlying assumptions of the rationalist approach. This second edition makes available again this classic and still very relevant work. Debates about nuclear power have come to the fore once again. Yet we still do not have adequate ways to make decisions or frame policy deliberation on these big issues, involving true public debate, rather than ritualistic processes in which the rules and scope of the debate are presumed and imposed by those in authority. The perspectives in this book are as significant and original as they were when it was written. The new edition contains a substantial introduction by the author reflecting on changes (and lack of) in the intervening years and introducing new themes, relevant to today's world of big science and technology, that can be drawn out of the original text. A new foreword by Gordon MacKerron, an expert on energy and nuclear policy, sets this seminal work in the context of contemporary nuclear and related big technology debates.Trade Review'Profound and stimulating...a brilliant analysis' – Dr Alvin Weinberg, former Director of Oak Ridge National Laboratory's Physics Division 'A wonderful, original and still-timely book. Very sensitively and powerfully, Wynne shows how authentic progress is compromised and crippled, effectively by 'rational' pre-emption of authentic debate.' – Professor Ulrich Beck, University of Munich , Germany 'A profound and lasting challenge to conventional academic as well as policy wisdom on scientific rationality and the politics of technology.' – Professor Andrew Feenberg, Simon Fraser University, Canada 'Raises questions far beyond its specific subject matter and will be an important reference point for future work in the area.' – Nature 'A book rich in insight.' – British Journal of History of Science 'A splendid example of how social science analysis ... can inform our understanding of science and technology policy making.' – Isis 'A detailed scholarly study... This book should prove particularly valuable for students of comparative regulatory process who are looking for informed discussions of non-US regulatory systems.' – Journal of Policy Analysis and Management 'The revival of official commitment to nuclear power alone makes a re-reading of 'Rationality and Ritual' an important contribution to understanding the issues. But while Brian Wynne's book is based empirically on nuclear power as a particularly powerful exemplar, it has wider resonance in its deep dissection of the moral, political and cultural issues that the relationship between scientific expertise and political process - more recently in debates about genetics and biotechnology - involves. The book was a pioneering study in its depth and capacity to illuminate. It remains so to this day.' – From the Foreword by Gordon MacKerron, Director of SPRU (Science and Technology Policy Research), University of Sussex and former Chair of CoRWM (Committee on Radioactive Waste Management) 'One thing is certain: there are few occasions in which such a concentration of high-powered legal advocates have enjoyed debate. By any standard the cast is impressive...Even at their best however they have not outshone some of the lay advocates, such as Dr Brian Wynne, for Network for Nuclear Concern...' – From the article, 'At Windscale, the amateurs shine in the battle of the legal giants' in the Times, 28th October 1977Table of ContentsForeword by Gordon MacKerron Rationality and Ritual: A Quarter-Century Retrospect Preface to Original Edition Introduction The Decision-making Legacy Oxide Reprocessing: The Background The Public Inquiry Tradition: A Comparative Perspective The Emergence of THORP from a Private to a Public Issue The Process and Impact of the Inquiry Judicial Rationality, Expert Conflict and Political Authority The Rationality and Politics of Analysis Conclusion

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